WORLD TRADE  
ORGANIZATION  WT/REG148/3 
8 September 2004 
 
 (04-3733) 
Committee on Regional Trade Agreements Original:   English 
  
FREE TRADE AGREEMENT BETWEEN 
THE EFTA STATES AND SINGAPORE 
 
GOODS ASPECTS
 
 
Communication from the Parties  
 
  The following communication, dated 2 September 2004, is being circulated at the request of the Delegations of Iceland, on beha lf of the EFTA States and Singapore. 
_______________ 
 
 
I. BACKGROUND INFORMATION ON THE AGREEMENT 
1. Membership And Dates Of Signature, Ratification And Entry Into Force 
 The Parties to the Agreement (hereinafter “the  Agreement”) are the States of the European 
Free Trade Association (Iceland, Liechtenstein, No rway and Switzerland) on the one hand, and the 
Republic of Singapore (hereinafter “Singapore”), on the other hand.  The Agreement applies to the 
customs territories of the Parties.   The Agreement and the bilateral agricultura l agreements concluded between each of the 
EFTA States and Singapore were signed on 26 June 2002 in Egilsstadir, Iceland, and entered into 
force on 1 January 2003. 
  The Agreement and the bilateral agricultural agreements, as the instruments creating the Free 
Trade Area between the EFTA States and Singapore, we re notified on 14 Janua ry 2003 to the Council 
for Trade in Goods and to the Council for Trade in Services in accordance with Article XXIV:7(a) of 
GATT 1994 and Article V:7(a) of the GATS. 
 
2. Type Of Agreement 
 The Agreement and the bilateral agricultural ag reements create a free trade area in conformity 
with the criteria set out in Article XXIV:8(b) of GATT 1994.  
 The objectives of the Agreement are in addition to the liberalisation of trade in goods and 
services to achieve the further liberalisation of the government procurement markets, to mutually 
enhance investment opportunities and accord constant protection for investors and investments, to ensure adequate and effective protection of intell ectual property rights and to promote competition in 
their economies. 
 
3. Scope 
 The free-trade area established by the Agreem ent and the bilateral agricultural agreements 
provide the framework for future trade rela tions between the EFTA States and Singapore. WT/REG148/3 
Page 2  
 
  The Agreement covers trade in industrial produc ts falling within HS Chapters 25 to 97, trade 
in processed agricultural products with due regard to the arrangements provided for in Annex III, and 
trade in fish and other marine products as pr ovided for in Annex IV. The products covered are 
products originating in the EFTA States or in Singapore according to the rules of origin set out in Annex I of the Agreement. The bilateral agricultu ral agreements cover trade in basic agricultural 
products. 
 
4. Trade Data 
 In 2003, total trade between the EFTA Stat es and Singapore amounted to 1,693 million US 
dollars.  The EFTA States imported goods from Si ngapore for 274 million US dollars and exported 
goods worth 1,419 million US dollars.  This represen ts 0.2 per cent of tota l EFTA imported goods and 
0.83 per cent of total EFTA exported goods. For Singapor e this trade represented 0.44 per cent of total 
exports and 1.78 per cent of total imports. Trade in  industrial products accounted for 98 per cent and 
agricultural products for 2 per cent of total trade.   
 Ninety nine per cent of traded industrial products enjoy duty-free treatment under the 
Agreement. With regard to agricultural produc ts, 96 per cent of traded goods enjoy duty-free 
treatment under the Agreement, while 4 per cent are without any concessions.   Trade data, including trade flows and trad e coverage, can be found at the Annex. 
 
 
II. TRADE PROVISIONS 
1. Import Restrictions 
 1.1 Duties And Charges 
 
 According to Article 8 of the Agreement, th e Parties have abolished all customs duties on 
imports of products originating in an EFTA State or in Singapore upon the entry into force of the 
Agreement, excluding a very limited number of prod ucts originating in Singapore listed in Annex V. 
  1.2 Quantitative Restrictions  
 According to Article 9 of the Agreement, all import prohibitions or restrictions on trade in 
goods between the EFTA States and Singapore, other than customs duties and taxes, whether made 
effective through quotas, import licenses or other me asures, have been eliminated on all products of 
each Party upon the entry into  force of the Agreement. 
 2. Export Restrictions 
 2.1 Duties And Charges 
  According to Article 8 of the Agreement, th e Parties have abolished all customs duties on 
exports amongst themselves.  
 2.2 Quantitative Restrictions 
  According to Article 9 of the Agreement, all export prohibitions or restrictions on trade in 
goods between the EFTA States and Singapore, other than customs duties and taxes, whether made 
effective through quotas, export licenses or other measu res, have been eliminated on all products of 
each Party upon the entry into  force of the Agreement.  WT/REG148/3 
 Page 3 
 
 
 3. Rules Of Origin 
 The definition of the concept of “originati ng products” and methods of administrative co-
operation between the Parties are set out in Annex I and its Appendices and are in compliance with Annex II of the Agreement on Rules of Origin of the WTO.   
 Annex I establishes the general requirements to determine the originating status of a product, 
as well as the necessary administrative procedures to claim preferential treatment.   Products are considered of Singaporean or EFTA or igin either if they are: wholly obtained; 
manufactured exclusively from originating materials; or if they have been sufficiently worked or 
processed.  Appendix 2 to Annex I lists the differe nt rules that apply for determining whether a 
product has been sufficiently worked or processed.  While they differ from product to product, the 
rules fall into several broad categories:  
• The materials used must undergo a change of tariff classification under the Harmonised 
System; 
 
• Products are considered to be originating if sufficient value is added in the EFTA States 
or Singapore.  Percentages involved may vary from product to product; or 
 
• For some products, the rule defines the production process to be followed. 
  Upon request of an importer, exporter or prod ucer, the competent authorities of Singapore or 
EFTA, as the case may be, shall provide an opinion concerning the origina ting status and tariff 
classification of a product. They shall seek to answ er within 90 days after having received the request.  
  All information which is by nature confidentia l or which is provided on a confidential basis 
shall be covered by the obligati on of professional secrecy, in accordance with the respective laws of 
each Party. It shall not be disclosed by the Parties’ authorities without the express permission of the 
person or authority providing it.  
 
4. Standards 
 4.1 Technical Barriers To Trade 
 
 Under Article 13 of the Agreement, both Parti es confirm their rights and obligations relating 
to standards, technical regulations and confor mity assessment procedures under the WTO Agreement 
on Technical Barriers to Trade. The Agreement fu rther provides for the Parties to cooperate and 
exchange information and assistance in the field of  technical regulations, standards and conformity 
assessment. The Parties shall hold consultations in  the Joint Committee in case one Party considers 
another to have created or is likely to create an obstacle to trade. 
 
 4.2 Sanitary And Phytosanitary Measures   Article 12 of the Agreement stipulates that the Parties shall apply their regulations in sanitary and phytosanitary matters in non-discriminatory ma nner and shall not introduce any new measures 
that have the effect of unduly obstructing trade. These principles sh all be applied in accordance with 
the WTO Agreement on the Application of San itary and Phytosanitary Measures, which is 
incorporated into and made part of the Agreement.  WT/REG148/3 
Page 4  
 
 5. Safeguards 
 5.1. Emergency Action On Imports Of Particular Products 
  According to Article 17 of the Agreement, each Party may take appropriate measures where 
the import of a product originating in another Party,  as a result of the reduction or elimination of a 
customs duty under the Agreement, is being imported into its territory in such increased quantities and 
under such conditions as to constitute a substantial cause of serious injury or threat thereof to 
domestic industry. Whether there is a serious injury or  threat thereof shall be determined pursuant to 
an investigation in accordance with the procedur es laid down in the WTO Agreement on Safeguards. 
 
 5.2 Balance-Of-Payments Difficulties 
  Article 18 allows for the application of measures when a Party experiences serious balance of payment difficulties. A Party in serious balance of  payments difficulties, or under imminent threat 
thereof, may, in accordance with the c onditions established under the GATT 1994 and the 
Understanding on Balance-of-Payments provisions  of the GATT 1994, adopt trade restrictive 
measures, which shall be of lim ited duration and non-discriminatory.  The relevant provisions of the 
GATT 1994 and the WTO Understanding of the Bala nce-of-Payments Provisions are incorporated 
and made part of the Agreement.  
6. Anti-Dumping And Countervailing Measures 
 Article 16 provides that the Parties shall not apply anti-dumping measures as provided for 
under the WTO Agreement on Implementation of Artic le VI of the GATT 1994 in relation to products 
originating in another Party. Furthermore, in orde r to prevent dumping, the Parties shall undertake the 
necessary measures as provided for under Chapter V (Article 50: Competition).  7. Subsidies And State-Aid 
 Article 15 states that the rights and obligations of the Parties in respect of subsidies shall be 
governed by Articles VI and XVI of the GATT 1994, the WTO Agreement on Subsidies and 
Countervailing Measures and the WTO Agreement on Agriculture.  
8. Sector-Specific Provisions 
 8.1 Agriculture 
  Due to the different agricultural policies of  the EFTA States, trade in basic agricultural 
products is covered in three bilateral agricultura l agreements negotiated be tween the respective EFTA 
State (Iceland, Norway, and Switzerland) and Singa pore.  These agreements also form part of the 
instruments establishing the free trade area. Each pr otocol contains a review clause and specific rules 
of origin, generally based on the “wholly-obtained” criteria but also including specific list with rules 
with exceptions from the “wholly-obtained” criteria.   8.2 Fish And Other Marine Products  
 The Agreement covers trade in fish and othe r marine products as specified in Annex IV. The 
EFTA States and Singapore have co mmitted themselves to liberalise s ubstantially all trade in these 
products under the FTA upon entry into force of the Agreement.   WT/REG148/3 
 Page 5 
 
 
 9. Other 
 9.1 Co-Operation In Customs Administration 
  Article 7 in conjunction with Annex I lays  down the rules of origin and methods of 
administrative co-operation. 
 
 
III. GENERAL PROVISIONS OF THE AGREEMENT 
1. Exceptions And Reservations 
 Article 19 (General Exceptions) and Article  20 (Security Exceptions) of the Agreement 
correspond to the respective Articles in the GATT (Article XX and XXI). 
 
2. Accession 
 According to Article 70 of the Agreement, an y State may become a Party to the Agreement. 
The terms and conditions are subject to an agreem ent between the Parties and the invited State. 
 
3. Dispute Settlement Procedures 
 Chapter IX of the Agreement provides for di spute settlement procedures between the Parties 
relating to the understanding and inte rpretation of the Agreement.  In a first step, the Agreement 
provides for consultations between the Parties.  Di sputes which have not been settled within 60 days 
after the beginning of the consultati ons may be subject to arbitration by means of written notification 
from one Party to the other.  Provisions on the cons titution and functioning of th e arbitration panel are 
provided for in the Agreement.  The panel is to se ttle the dispute in accordan ce with international law 
and the decisions of the arbitration panel are binding upon the Parties to the dispute.  
4. Relation with other trade agreements 
 Article 4 states that the provisions of this Agreement shall be without prejudice to the rights 
and obligations of the Parties under the WTO to wh ich they are a party and any other international 
agreement to which they are a party.  
5. Institutional framework 
 Article 55 of the Agreement establishes a Joint Committee comprising representatives of each 
Party, which is to supervise and administer the Agreement.  Information shall be exchanged and 
consultations can be held within the Joint Comm ittee.  The Joint Committee can take decisions in 
cases provided for by the Agreement or make r ecommendations.  The Joint Committee is to keep 
under review the removal of further barriers to tr ade and other restrictive measures concerning 
commerce between the EFTA States and Singapore. 
 
 
IV. OTHER 
1. Provisions In Services 
 Chapter III of the Agreement covers services a nd is in conformity with Article V of GATS.
1 
                                                      
1 See document WT/REG148/4 containing the Standard Format on Services. WT/REG148/3 
Page 6  
 
 2. Investment  
 Chapter IV covers both access for foreign i nvestors to the respective markets and the 
protection of existing and future investments. The disciplines concerning investment protection 
correspond to those usually found in bilateral inv estment protection agreements, including provisions 
on promotion and protection, national and MFN trea tment, taxation, dispossession and compensation, 
domestic regulation, transfers and key personnel. Th e Agreement also foresees the possibility of direct 
dispute settlement between a Party to the Agreement a nd an investor of another Party. Such disputes 
may be submitted to binding arbitration provide d both parties to the dispute agree upon this. 
Reservation lists to the Chapter are contained in Annex XI.  3. Intellectual Property Rights 
 In accordance with Article 54 of the Agreement,  the Parties shall grant and ensure adequate, 
effective and non-discriminatory protection of inte llectual property rights, in conformity with 
international law and the provisions of the Agre ement and its Annex XXI.  Article 54 contains 
provisions regarding the principles of the protection of intellectual property rights, national treatment 
and MFN treatment.  Article 54 further provides for the possibility of holding consultations on issues 
concerning the protection of intellectual property ri ghts.  Annex XXI provides for the definition and 
scope of protection and lists releva nt international conventions to wh ich the Parties shall undertake to 
adhere.  
4. Competition 
 Chapter V on competition includes the Parties’ co mmitment to make sure that the benefits of 
the Agreement are not frustrated by anticompe titive business conduct.  The Chapter establishes a 
consultation mechanism between the Parties with a view to eliminate these anticompetitive practices. 
Arbitration under Chapter IX of the Agreement with  respect to matters arising under the Chapter on 
Competition is excluded. 
 
5. Government Procurement 
 Chapter VI states that the WTO Agreement on Government Procurement shall govern the 
rights and obligations of the Parties to the Agreem ent in respect of public procurement. If a Party 
grants a non-Party additional benef it with regard to the access to its  public procurement market after 
the entry into force of the Agreemen t, it shall agree to enter into nego tiations with a view to extending 
these benefits to another Party on a reciprocal basi s. The Parties shall also exchange contact points 
with regard to exchange of information.  
6. Transparency 
 Article 67 (Transparency) contai ns horizontal provisions on transparency (publication of laws 
and exchange of information between Parties). 
  The full text of the Agreement is available from:  
- WTO Secretariat (WT/REG148/1) 
- EFTA Secretariat (incl. bilateral agricultural agreements) 
(http://secretariat.efta.int/Web/ExternalRelations/PartnerCountries/Singapore
) 
- EFTA States 
- Republic of Singapore  
(http://app.fta.gov.sg/asp/fta/esfta.asp )  WT/REG148/3 
 Page 7 
 
 
 ANNEX 
 
 
 
  Key EFTA-Singapore FTA trade coverage figures 2003 Value (US$) Share of total
EFTA imports 274,032,771 16%
EFTA exports 1,419,625,976 84%
Total trade 1,693,658,747
Trade in agricultural products (HS 1-24) 31,719,520 2%
Trade in industrial products (HS 25-97) 1,661,939,227 98%
Duty free trade 1,679,045,341 99%
Trade subject to no concessions 14,613,406 1%
Duty free trade in agricultural products (of total agricultural trade) 30,453,518 96%
Trade in agricultural products subject to no concessions 1,266,002 4%
Duty free trade in industrial products (of total industrial trade) 1,648,591,823 99%
Trade in industrial products subject to no concessions 13,347,404 1%
Source: World Trade AtlasWT/REG148/3 
Page 8  
 
 Trade coverage of the EFTA-Singapore Free Trade Agreement in 2003
Main agreement and bilateral agricultural arrangements
HS Total trade Duty free Reduced Without Duty Reduced Without
duty concessions free duty concessions
 In US dollars  In US dollars In per cent
01 5,234 1,102 4,132 21% 79%
02 121,407 121,407 100%
03 12,484,376 12,484,376 100%
04 2,639,999 2,639,999 100%
05 2,033 2,033 100%06 124,508 13,060 111,448 10% 90%
07 0
08 11,619 11,619 100%09 269,462 266,550 2,912 99% 1%
10 770 770 100%
11 0
12 26,092 24,281 1,811 93% 7%
13 123,481 115,804 7,677 94% 6%14 11,016 11,016 100%
15 164,032 57,546 106,486 35% 65%
16 824,450 824,450 100%17 480,690 480,690 100%
18 2,325,626 2,325,626 100%
19 2,118,007 1,455,277 662,730 69% 31%
20 686,038 667,021 19,017 97% 3%
21 5,282,788 5,109,064 173,724 97% 3%22 1,523,660 1,347,595 176,065 88% 12%
23 513,262 513,262 100%
24 1,980,970 1,980,970 100%25 114,912 114,912 100%
26 148,147 148,147 100%
27 13,893,189 13,893,189 100%
28 1,793,997 1,793,997 100%
29 128,281,565 128,281,565 100%30 67,700,985 67,700,985 100%
31 547 547 100%
32 32,188,474 32,188,474 100%33 24,543,474 24,543,474 100%
34 6,154,966 6,154,966 100%
35 534,460 534,460 100%
36 35,560 35,560 100%
37 228,899 228,899 100%38 41,647,919 41,647,919 100%
39 21,080,381 21,080,381 100%
40 6,121,464 6,121,464 100%41 4,728,670 4,728,670 100%
42 3,816,853 3,816,853 100%
43 1,147 1,147 100%
44 1,303,308 1,303,308 100%
45 3,127 3,127 100%46 450 450 100%
47 369,132 369,132 100% WT/REG148/3 
 Page 9 
 
 
  HS Total trade Duty free Reduced Without Duty Reduced Without
duty concessions free duty concessions
 In US dollars  In US dollars In per cent
48 7,818,127 7,818,127 100%49 4,116,355 4,116,355 100%
50 93,240 93,240 100%51 425,937 425,937 100%52 524,701 524,701 100%53 6,428 6,428 100%54 218,173 218,173 100%55 50,798 50,798 100%56 532,716 532,716 100%57 403,891 403,891 100%58 139,257 139,257 100%59 3,124,269 3,124,269 100%60 8,283 8,283 100%61 1,643,918 1,643,918 100%62 4,930,047 4,930,047 100%63 441,263 441,263 100%
64 1,091,583 1,091,583 100%
65 9,483 9,483 100%66 8,161 8,161 100%67 122 122 100%68 838,475 838,475 100%69 1,395,924 1,395,924 100%70 2,434,923 2,434,923 100%71 76,121,550 76,121,550 100%72 1,793,615 1,793,615 100%73 16,002,046 16,002,046 100%74 1,154,021 1,154,021 100%75 2,862,302 2,862,302 100%76 3,888,902 3,888,902 100%78 4 4 100%79 4,642 4,642 100%
80 3,961 3,961 100%
81 603,411 603,411 100%82 17,980,277 17,980,277 100%83 2,908,448 2,908,448 100%84 370,208,123 370,208,123 100%85 173,708,287 173,708,287 100%86 896,755 896,755 100%87 799,668 799,668 100%88 3,487,722 3,487,722 100%89 183,828,063 183,828,063 100%90 95,810,981 95,810,981 100%91 297,053,744 297,053,744 100%92 168,697 168,697 100%93 4,353,775 4,353,775 100%94 5,006,883 5,006,883 100%
95 1,592,344 1,592,344 100%
96 2,631,865 2,631,865 100%97 774,037 774,037 100%99 13,347,404 13,347,404 100%
Total 1,693,658,747 1,679,045,341 14,613,406 99.1% 0.9%
Source: World Trade AtlasWT/REG148/3 
Page 10  
 
  
   2000 2001 2002 2003 2001/00 2002/01 2003/02
                  In thousand US dollars    Percentage change
IMPORTS
Iceland 3,320 2,899 3,171 3,807 -12.7 9.4 20.1
Norway 83,033 122,233 129,048 100,056 47.2 5.6 -22.5
Switzerland 168,651 186,905 160,339 170,170 10.8 -14.2 6.1
EFTA 255,004 312,037 292,558 274,033 22.4 -6.2 -6.3
Share in EFTA's tot. imports 0.21% 0.27% 0.24% 0.20%
EXPORTS
Iceland 209 221 153 244 6.0 -30.7 59.3
Norway 235,282 301,963 376,490 408,990 28.3 24.7 8.6
Switzerland 943,716 936,333 975,972 1,010,392 -0.8 4.2 3.5
EFTA 1,179,207 1,238,517 1,352,615 1,419,626 5.0 9.2 5.0
Share in EFTA's tot. exports 0.83% 0.88% 0.90% 0.83%
IMPORTS + EXPORTS
Iceland 3,529 3,120 3,324 4,052 -11.6 6.5 21.9
Norway 318,316 424,196 505,538 509,046 33.3 19.2 0.7
Switzerland 1,112,367 1,123,238 1,136,311 1,180,562 1.0 1.2 3.9
EFTA 1,434,211 1,550,553 1,645,173 1,693,659 8.1 6.1 2.9
Share in EFTA's total trade 0.55% 0.60% 0.61% 0.55%
-- no percentage calculated
Source: World Trade AtlasEFTA STATES' TRADE WITH SINGAPORE
3.81 0.24100409
1701,010
02004006008001,0001,200
Iceland Norway SwitzerlandEFTA States' trade with Singapore
(2003 - million US dollars)
Imports
Exports WT/REG148/3 
 Page 11 
 
 
  
__________ EFTA STATES' TRADE WITH SINGAPORE BY SELECTED COMMODITIES (HS)
Source: World Trade Atlas 2001 2002 2003 2001 2002 2003 
IMPORTS In thousand US dollars In per cent
Iceland
Total imports from Singapore 2,899 3,171 3,807 100.0 100.0 100.0 
In per cent of imports from the world 0.14% 0.15% 0.15%
HS 84 Machinery, mechanical appliances 1,459 1,345 1,713 50.3 42.4 45.0 
HS 32 Tanning, dye, paints, putty, inks 274 501 788 9.5 15.8 20.7 
HS 85 Electrical machinery 671 946 734 23.1 29.8 19.3 
Norway
Total imports from Singapore 122,233 129,048 100,056 100.0 100.0 100.0 
In per cent of imports from the world 0.39% 0.38% 0.25%
HS 84 Machinery, mechanical appliances 46,920 53,753 56,836 38.4 41.7 56.8 
HS 85 Electrical machinery 36,048 22,486 23,884 29.5 17.4 23.9 HS 90 Optical, medical, surgical instruments 2,149 3,538 4,075 1.8 2.7 4.1 HS 39 Plastic, plastic articles 629 746 3,235 0.5 0.6 3.2 HS 49 Books, newspapers, pictures, manuscripts 1,493 1,565 1,846 1.2 1.2 1.8 
HS 32 Tanning, dye, paints, putty, inks 426 483 1,592 0.3 0.4 1.6 
HS 83 Misc. articles of base metal 1,845 1,695 1,576 1.5 1.3 1.6 HS 95 Toys and sports equipment 433 395 676 0.4 0.3 0.7 
Switzerland
Total imports from Singapore 186,905 160,339 170,170 100.0 100.0 100.0 
In per cent of imports from the world 0.22% 0.19% 0.18%
HS 90 Optical, medical, surgical instruments 21,857 27,289 39,168 11.7 17.0 23.0 
HS 71 Prescious stones and metals 56,034 41,420 35,723 30.0 25.8 21.0 HS 84 Machinery, mechanical appliances 18,170 28,497 35,617 9.7 17.8 20.9 HS 85 Electrical machinery 66,426 37,237 33,330 35.5 23.2 19.6 HS 29 Organic chemicals 3,545 4,672 5,324 1.9 2.9 3.1 
HS 41 Hides and skins 3,621 4,924 4,459 1.9 3.1 2.6 
HS 39 Plastic, plastic articles 308 1,382 2,692 0.2 0.9 1.6 HS 91 Clocks and watches 3,951 3,847 2,405 2.1 2.4 1.4 
HS 88 Aircraft, spacecraft 12 77 2,188 0.0 0.0 1.3 HS 33 Pefumery, cosmetics 2,949 3,588 1,914 1.6 2.2 1.1 
EXPORTS In thousand US dollars In per cent
Iceland
Total exports to Singapore 221 153 244 100.0 100.0 100.0 
In per cent of exports to the world: 0.01% 0.01% 0.01%  
HS 84 Machinery, mechanical appliances 0 0 174 0.0 0.0 71.1 
HS 03 Fish, crustaceans 12 0 26 5.4 0.0 10.4 HS 99 Salvage and reparations 0 1 17 0.1 0.3 6.9 
Norway
Total exports to Singapore 301,963 376,490 408,990 100.0 100.0 100.0 
In per cent of exports to the world: 0.53% 0.62% 0.61%
HS 89 Ships, boats and floating structures 20,265 97,408 183,761 6.7 25.9 44.9 
HS 84 Machinery, mechanical appliances 96,621 150,725 118,593 32.0 40.0 29.0 HS 85 Electrical machinery 45,525 31,421 29,455 15.1 8.3 7.2 HS 90 Optical, medical, surgical instruments 52,513 31,394 15,463 17.4 8.3 3.8 
HS 99 Salvage and reparations 9,879 7,051 13,139 3.3 1.9 3.2 
HS 03 Fish, crustaceans 8,811 11,030 11,226 2.9 2.9 2.7 HS 38 Misc. chemical products 4,293 4,820 6,657 1.4 1.3 1.6 HS 34 Soap, wax, dental preparations 3,035 4,581 4,907 1.0 1.2 1.2 
Switzerland
Total exports to Singapore 936,333 975,972 1,010,392 100.0 100.0 100.0 
In per cent of exports to the world: 1.14% 1.11% 1.00%
HS 91 Clocks and watches 260,094 280,770 294,624 27.8 28.8 29.2 
HS 84 Machinery, mechanical appliances 158,193 197,798 157,274 16.9 20.3 15.6 HS 29 Organic chemicals 100,166 93,432 122,185 10.7 9.6 12.1 
HS 85 Electrical machinery 68,203 60,006 86,305 7.3 6.1 8.5 
HS 30 Pharmaceutical products 62,485 71,303 67,351 6.7 7.3 6.7 HS 71 Prescious stones and metals 33,161 33,615 39,603 3.5 3.4 3.9 HS 90 Optical, medical, surgical instruments 43,798 46,542 36,946 4.7 4.8 3.7 HS 38 Misc. chemical products 42,715 20,816 34,791 4.6 2.1 3.4 
HS 32 Tanning, dye, paints, putty, inks 28,297 29,446 29,224 3.0 3.0 2.9 
HS 33 Pefumery, cosmetics 20,100 18,992 22,522 2.1 1.9 2.2