WORLD TRADE
ORGANIZATIONS/DCS/W/HUN
24 January 2003
(03-0464)
Trade in Services Original:  English
HUNGARY
Draft consolidated Schedule of Specific Commitments1
Attached is a draft consolidated version of th e Schedule of Specific Commitments of Hungary
in word format.  This document  does not substitute for the legally binding commitments undertaken
by Hungary in its Schedule of Specific Commitments (GATS/SC/40; GATS/SC/40/Suppl.2;
GATS/SC/39/Suppl.3)
Attached to the draft consolidated schedule is Hungary's draft consolidated Article II (MFN)
Exemption List (GATS/EL/40; GATS/EL/40/Suppl.1) in word format.
The draft consolidated version of the Schedule and the MFN Exemption List were prepared
by the Secretariat, at the request of Members, to facilitate the process of negotiations, including thepresentation of initial offers.
_______________
                                                     
1 This document has been prepared, in English only, under the Secretariat's own responsibility and without
prejudice to the positions of Members and to their rights and obligations under the WTO.S/DCS/W/HUN
Page 2HUNGARY – SCHEDULE OF SPECIFIC COMMITMENTS
Modes of supply: 1) Cross-border supply 2) Consumption abroad 3) Commercial presence 4) Presence of natural persons
Sector or Sub-sector Limitations on Market Access Limitat ions on  National Treatment Additional Commitments
I. HORIZONTAL COMMITMENTS
ALL SECTORS 
INCLUDED IN PART II
3) Commercial presence should take the form of
limited liability company, joint-stock
company or representative office. Initial entryas branch is not permitted.Unbound for the acquisition of state ownedproperties3) Unbound for the acquisition of state owned
properties
Unbound  with respect to subsidies
4) Unbound except for the entry and temporary
stay of natural persons falling under one of thefollowing categories:4) Unbound except for measures concerning the
categories of natural persons referred to in the"Limitations on Market Access" column
(a) Senior official ["vezeto  tisztségviselo "]A senior official being a natural person of
another Member having the highest rank
within the organization of a juridical personconstituted in Hungary with foreignparticipation and who primarily direct themanagement of that commercial presence
One senior official per business venture andfor the duration of the business directed bythat senior official
1
(b)Personalities of internationally
recognized reputation  Market access
commitment relates to such personalities
invited by higher educational institutions,scientific research institutes or publiceducational institutions for the duration of theinvitation.
                                                     
1 Numbering of sectors and sub-sectors is that of the Services Sectoral Classification List (MTN.GNS/W/120).  However, if refere nce to another definition is also made, the specific
commitment relates only to the services covered by that definition.  Where an “ex” is attached to a CPC code, only part of the services defined under the relevant code of the UN Central Product
Classification is covered.S/DCS/W/HUN
Page 3Modes of supply: 1) Cross-border supply 2) Consumption abroad 3) Commercial presence 4) Presence of natural persons
Sector or Sub-sector Limitations on Market Access Limitat ions on  National Treatment Additional Commitments
(c)Intra-corporate transferees listed
under i), ii) and iii)  Intra-corporate
transferees being natural persons of anotherMember who have been employed by ajuridical person of another Member for aperiod of not less than one year without
interruption and who seek entry and
temporary stay in order to render services to ajuridical person constituted in Hungary whichis owned by the aforementioned juridicalperson.
(i) Executives  - Executives being natural
persons within a juridical person constituted in
Hungary who primarily direct themanagement of the juridical person orestablish goals and policies for the juridicalperson or a major component or function ofthe juridical person, exercise wide latitude in
decision-making, and receive only general
supervision or direction from higher-levelexecutives of the juridical person of anotherMember who owns the aforementionedjuridical person.
(ii) Managers  – Managers being natural
persons within a juridical person constituted inHungary and owned by a juridical person ofanother Member who direct the organization,or department or subdivision of the juridical
person, supervise and control the work of
other supervisory, professional or managerialemployees, have the authority to hire and fireand exercise discretionary authority over day-to-day operations at a senior level.S/DCS/W/HUN
Page 4Modes of supply: 1) Cross-border supply 2) Consumption abroad 3) Commercial presence 4) Presence of natural persons
Sector or Sub-sector Limitations on Market Access Limitat ions on  National Treatment Additional Commitments
(iii)Specialists  - Specialists being natural
persons within a juridical person constituted inHungary and owned by a juridical person ofanother Member who possess knowledge at anadvanced level of expertise, possessproprietary knowledge of the juridical person's
product, service, research, equipment,
techniques or management, and who areessential to the operation of the juridicalperson constituted in Hungary.
(d)Business visitors
Business visitors being natural persons who
are sales representatives of a service provider
of another Member and are seeking temporaryentry for the purposes of negotiating for thesale of services for that service provider,without those sales representatives beingremunerated from within Hungary and without
engaging in making direct sales to the general
public or in supplying themselves services.
Entry and stay shall be for a period of no more
than 90 days
4) Unbound with respect to acquisition of real
estate by foreign natural persons
II. SECTOR SPECIFIC COMMITMENTS
1. BUSINESS SERVICES
A. Professional Services
(a) Legal advisory services
concerning home countrylaw(ex CPC 861)1) None
2) None3) Commercial presence should take the form of
representative office
4) Unbound except as indicated in Part I1) None
2) None3) None
4) Unbound except as indicated in Part IS/DCS/W/HUN
Page 5Modes of supply: 1) Cross-border supply 2) Consumption abroad 3) Commercial presence 4) Presence of natural persons
Sector or Sub-sector Limitations on Market Access Limitat ions on  National Treatment Additional Commitments
(b) Accounting, auditing and
bookkeeping services1) Unbound
2) None3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in Part I1) None
2) None3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in Part I
(c) Taxation advisory services
(ex CPC 863)1) None
2) None
3) None
4) Unbound except as indicated in Part I and
subject to the following specific limitation: permanent residency requirement1) None
2) None
3) None
4) Unbound except as indicated in Part I
(d) Architectural services 1) None
2) None
3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in Part I and
subject to the following specific limitation:permanent residency requirement1) None
2) None
3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in Part I
(e) Engineering services 1) None
2) None3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in Part I and
subject to the following specific limitation: 
permanent residency requirement1) None
2) None3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in Part I
(f) Integrated engineering
services1) None
2) None3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in Part I1) None
2) None3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in Part I
(g) Urban planning services
(ex CPC 8674)1) None
2) None3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in Part I and
subject to the following specific limitation: 
permanent residency requirement1) None
2) None3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in Part IS/DCS/W/HUN
Page 6Modes of supply: 1) Cross-border supply 2) Consumption abroad 3) Commercial presence 4) Presence of natural persons
Sector or Sub-sector Limitations on Market Access Limitat ions on  National Treatment Additional Commitments
(h) Medical and dental services 1) None
2) None3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in Part I1) None
2) None
3) None
4) Unbound except as indicated in Part I.
B. Computer and Related
Services
(a) Consultancy services
related to the installation ofcomputer hardware1) None
2) None3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in Part I1) None
2) None3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in Part I
(b) Software implementation
services1) None
2) None3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in Part I1) None
2) None3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in Part I
(c) Data processing services 1) None
2) None
3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in Part I1) None
2) None
3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in Part I
(d) Data base services 1) None
2) None
3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in Part I1) None
2) None
3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in Part I
C.Research and Development
Services
a),b),c) Research and
development services1) None
2) None3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in Part I1) None
2) None3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in Part IS/DCS/W/HUN
Page 7Modes of supply: 1) Cross-border supply 2) Consumption abroad 3) Commercial presence 4) Presence of natural persons
Sector or Sub-sector Limitations on Market Access Limitat ions on  National Treatment Additional Commitments
E. Rental/Leasing Services
without Operators
a),b), Rental/leasing
c),d),e)1) Unbound
2) None3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in Part I1) None
2) None3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in Part I
F. Other Business Services
(a) Advertising services 1) None
2) None3) None
4) Unbound except as indicated in Part I1) None
2) None3) None
4) Unbound except as indicated in Part I
(b) Market research and public
opinion polling services1) None
2) None3) None
4) Unbound except as indicated in Part I1) None
2) None3) None
4) Unbound except as indicated in Part I
(c) Management consulting
services1) None
2) None3) None
4) Unbound except as indicated in Part I1) None
2) None3) None
4) Unbound except as indicated in Part I
(e) Technical testing and
analysis services1) None
2) None
3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in Part I1) None
2) None3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in Part I
(f) Consultancy services
incidental to agriculture,
hunting and forestry (ex
CPC 881)1) None
2) None
3) None
4) Unbound except as indicated in Part I1) None
2) None
3) None
4) Unbound except as indicated in Part IS/DCS/W/HUN
Page 8Modes of supply: 1) Cross-border supply 2) Consumption abroad 3) Commercial presence 4) Presence of natural persons
Sector or Sub-sector Limitations on Market Access Limitat ions on  National Treatment Additional Commitments
(g) Consultancy services
incidental to fishing(ex CPC 882)1) None
2) None3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in Part I1) None
2) None3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in Part I
(h) Consultancy services
incidental to mining(ex CPC 883)1) None
2) None3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in Part I1) None
2) None3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in Part I
(i) Consultancy services
incidental to manufacturing(ex CPC 884 + ex CPC885)1) None
2) None3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in Part I1) None
2) None3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in Part I
(j) Consultancy services
incidental to energy
distribution
(ex CPC 887)1) None
2) None
3) None
4) Unbound except as indicated in Part I1) None
2) None
3) None
4) Unbound except as indicated in Part I
(k) Placement and supply
services of personnel1) None
2) None3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in Part I1) None
2) None3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in Part I
(l) Security services
(ex CPC 873)1) None
2) None3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in Part I1) None
2) None3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in Part I
(m) Related scientific and
technical consultingservices1) None
2) None3) None
4) Unbound except as indicated in Part I1) None
2) None3) None
4) Unbound except as indicated in Part IS/DCS/W/HUN
Page 9Modes of supply: 1) Cross-border supply 2) Consumption abroad 3) Commercial presence 4) Presence of natural persons
Sector or Sub-sector Limitations on Market Access Limitat ions on  National Treatment Additional Commitments
(n) Maintenance and repair of
equipment (not includingmaritime vessels, aircraft orother transport equipment)1) None
2) None3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in Part I1) None
2) None3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in Part I
(o) Building-cleaning services 1) None
2) None3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in Part I1) None
2) None3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in Part I
(p) Photographic services 1) None
2) None3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in Part I1) None
2) None3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in Part I
(q) Packaging services 1) None
2) None
3) None
4) Unbound except as indicated in Part I1) None
2) None
3) None
4) Unbound except as indicated in Part I
(r) Printing, publishing 1) None
2) None3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in Part I1) None
2) None3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in Part IS/DCS/W/HUN
Page 10Modes of supply: 1) Cross-border supply 2) Consumption abroad 3) Commercial presence 4) Presence of natural persons
Sector or Sub-sector Limitations on Market Access Limitat ions on  National Treatment Additional Commitments
2. COMMUNICATION
SERVICES
C. Telecommunications
Services (excluding
broadcasting services)2Hungary undertakes 
the obligations contained in the 
reference paper 
attached hereto.
(a) Public voice telephony
(Facility-basis)1) By-pass is not allowed
2) None1) None
2) None
(Domestic, long distance) 3) (a) Foreign investment is limited by the
required 25 per cent Hungarian interests and +1 vote for MATÁV Rt. and Antenna Hungaria
Rt.3) None
(b) Licences are granted only to companies
registered in Hungary.
(c) Exclusivity for international long distanceand domestic services until 31 December 2002and for local calls until 31 December 2003.
4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal
section4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal
section
(a) Public voice telephony
(resale basis, international
including satellite
transmission)1) Refile and hotline services are not allowed
2) None
3) (a) Open for competition after 31 December
2002(b) Exclusivity for international long distanceand domestic services until 31 December 2002and for local calls until 31 December 2003.
4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal
section1) None
2) None
3) None
4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section
                                                     
2 Broadcasting is defined as the uninterrupted chain of transmission required for the distribution of TV and radio programme sign als to the general public, but does not cover
contribution links between operators.  Therefore, commitments in  this offer do not cover the economic activity consisting of co ntent provision which require telecommunications services for its
transport.  The provision of that content, transported via a telecommunications service is subject to the specific commitments undertaken by Hungary in other relevant sectors.S/DCS/W/HUN
Page 11Modes of supply: 1) Cross-border supply 2) Consumption abroad 3) Commercial presence 4) Presence of natural persons
Sector or Sub-sector Limitations on Market Access Limitat ions on  National Treatment Additional Commitments
(b) Packet-switched data
transmission services
(c) Circuit-switched data
transmission services
(d) Telex services(e) Telegraph services
(f) Facsimile services
(g) Private leased circuit
services
(o) Other:
Leased line and satellitetransmission1) None
2) None3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal
section1) None
2) None3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal
section
Public land mobile services 1) By-pass is not allowed
2) None3) (a) Licences are granted only to companies
registered in Hungary.(b) Only one operator is allowed for NMT-450 MHz and two operators for 900 MHz
(GSM) until 31 December 2003. Limited
competition regime.
4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal
section1) None
2) None3) None
4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal
section
Nation-wide paging 1) None
2) None3) (a) Licences are granted only to companies
registered in Hungary.(b) Only one operator is allowed for analogservice and two operators for the pan-
European services (ERMES).  Limited
competition regime.
4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal
section1) None
2) None3) None
4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal
section
PCN 1800 MHz 1),2),
3),4) Unbound until 31 December 1998S/DCS/W/HUN
Page 12Modes of supply: 1) Cross-border supply 2) Consumption abroad 3) Commercial presence 4) Presence of natural persons
Sector or Sub-sector Limitations on Market Access Limitat ions on  National Treatment Additional Commitments
(h) Electronic mail 1) None
2) None3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in Part I1) None
2) None3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in Part I
(i) Voice mail 1) None
2) None
3) None
4) Unbound except as indicated in Part I1) None
2) None
3) None
4) Unbound except as indicated in Part I
(j) On-line information and
data base retrieval1) Unbound
2) None3) None
4) Unbound except as indicated in Part I1) Unbound
2) None3) None
4) Unbound except as indicated in Part I
(k) Electronic data interchange
(EDI)1) None
2) None3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in Part I1) None
2) None3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in Part I
(l) Enhanced/value-added
facsimile services (incl.store and forward, store andretrieve)1) None
2) None3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in Part I1) None
2) None3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in Part I
(m) Code and protocol
conversion1) Unbound
2) None3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in Part I1) Unbound
2) None3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in Part I
(n) On-line information and/or
data processing1) Unbound
2) None3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in Part I1) Unbound
2) None3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in Part IS/DCS/W/HUN
Page 13Modes of supply: 1) Cross-border supply 2) Consumption abroad 3) Commercial presence 4) Presence of natural persons
Sector or Sub-sector Limitations on Market Access Limitat ions on  National Treatment Additional Commitments
4. DISTRIBUTION
SERVICES
B. Wholesale Trade Services 1) None2) None3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in Part I1) None
2) None3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in Part I
C. Retailing Services 1) None2) None3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in Part I1) None
2) None3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in Part I
D Franchising 1) None2) None3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in Part I1) None
2) None3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in Part I
5. EDUCATIONAL
SERVICES
A. Primary Education Services 1) None2) None
3) Establishment of schools is subject to licence
from the local authorities
4) Unbound except as indicated in Part I1) None
2) None
3) None
4) Unbound except as indicated in Part I
B. Secondary Education
Services1) None
2) None
3) Establishment of schools is subject to licence
from the local authorities
4) Unbound except as indicated in Part I1) None
2) None
3) None
4) Unbound except as indicated in Part IS/DCS/W/HUN
Page 14Modes of supply: 1) Cross-border supply 2) Consumption abroad 3) Commercial presence 4) Presence of natural persons
Sector or Sub-sector Limitations on Market Access Limitat ions on  National Treatment Additional Commitments
C. Higher Education Services 1) None
2) None3) Establishment of schools is subject to licence
from the central authorities
4) Unbound except as indicated in Part I1) None
2) None3) None
4) Unbound except as indicated in Part I
D. Adult Education Services 1) None
2) None
3) Establishment of schools is subject to licence
from the local (or in case of high schools fromthe central) authorities
4) Unbound except as indicated in Part I1) None
2) None
3) None
4) Unbound except as indicated in Part I
6. ENVIRONMENTAL
SERVICES
B. Refuse Disposal Services 1) None2) None3) None
4) Unbound except as indicated in Part I1) None
2) None3) None
4) Unbound except as indicated in Part I
C. Sanitation and Similar
Services1) None
2) None3) None
4) Unbound except as indicated in Part I1) None
2) None3) None
4) Unbound except as indicated in Part IS/DCS/W/HUN
Page 15Modes of supply: 1) Cross-border supply 2) Consumption abroad 3) Commercial presence 4) Presence of natural persons
Sector or Sub-sector Limitations on Market Access Limitat ions on  National Treatment Additional Commitments
7. FINANCIAL SERVICES
1. Hungary undertakes commitments on Financial Services in accordance with the provisions of the "Understanding on Commitments i n Financial Services" (the
Understanding).
2. These commitments are subject to the limitations on market access and national treatment in the "all sectors" section of this  schedule and to those relating to the
subsectors listed below.
3. The market access commitments in respect of modes 1) and 2) appl y only to the transactions indicated in paragraphs B.3(a) and  (b) and B.4(a) and (b) of the market
access section of the Understanding respectively.
4. The admission to the market of new financial services or produ cts may be subject to the existence of, and consistency with, a  regulatory framework aimed at achieving
the objectives indicated in Article 2(a) of the Financial Services Annex.
5. The transfer of information containing personal data, bank secret, securities secret and/or business secret is not allowed.
6. As a general rule and in a non-discriminatory manner, financial institutions incorporated in Hungary must adopt a specific le gal form.
7. Insurance, banking, securities and collective investment management services should be performed by legally separate and inde pendently capitalised suppliers of
financial services.
8. Legislation permitting market access of branches is currently being prepared.  Details and conditions to apply are still bein g determined.  It is intended to bind the
effects of this legislation as soon as it has been adopted.
9. The board of a financial institution should include at least two members, who are Hungarian citizens, residents in the meanin g of the relevant foreign exchange
regulations and have permanent residency in Hungary for at least one year.
10. Direct or indirect ownership or voting rights in a credit institution of a single shareholder other than credit institution,  insurance company or investment firm cannot
exceed 15%.
A. Insurance and Insurance-
related Services
(a) Direct insurance
(including co-insurance):(i) life(ii) non-life1) Only entrepreneurs pursuing
international business activityspecified in the legal rules on foreignexchange are allowed to purchaseservices. Only insurance eventsoccurring abroad can be insured.1) NoneS/DCS/W/HUN
Page 16Modes of supply: 1) Cross-border supply 2) Consumption abroad 3) Commercial presence 4) Presence of natural persons
Sector or Sub-sector Limitations on Market Access Limitat ions on  National Treatment Additional Commitments
2) Only entrepreneurs pursuing
international business activityspecified in the legal rules on foreignexchange are allowed to purchaseservices. Only insurance eventsoccurring abroad can be insured.
3) None
4) Unbound except as indicated in Part I2) None
3) None
4) Unbound except as indicated in Part I
(b) Reinsurance and
retrocession1) None
2) None3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in Part I1) None
2) None3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in Part I
(c) Insurance intermediation,
such as brokerage andagency1) None
2) None3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in Part I1) None
2) None3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in Part I
(d) Services auxiliary to
insurance, such asconsultancy, actuarial, riskassessment and claimsettlement services1) None
2) None3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in Part I1) None
2) None3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in Part I
B. Banking and other financial
services (excluding 
insurance)1) None
2) None3) None
3
4) Unbound except as indicated in Part I1) None
2) None3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in Part I
8. HEALTH RELATED
SERVICES1) None
2) None3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in Part I1) None
2) None3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in Part I
                                                     
3 Except Országos Takarékpénztár és Kereskedelmi Bankt Rt., where l ong term state ownership will be kept at a minimum of 25% + 1 vote.S/DCS/W/HUN
Page 17Modes of supply: 1) Cross-border supply 2) Consumption abroad 3) Commercial presence 4) Presence of natural persons
Sector or Sub-sector Limitations on Market Access Limitat ions on  National Treatment Additional Commitments
9. TOURISM AND TRAVEL
RELATED SERVICES
A. Hotels and Restaurants 1) None2) None3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in Part I1) None
2) None3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in Part I
B. Travel Agencies and Tour
Operators Services1) Unbound2) None3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in Part I1) None
2) None3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in Part I
10. RECREATIONAL,
CULTURAL ANDSPORTING SERVICES(other than audiovisualservices)
A. Entertainment Services 1) Unbound2) None3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in Part I1) None
2) None3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in Part I
D. Sporting and Other
Recreational Services1) None2) None3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in Part I1) None
2) None3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in Part I
11. TRANSPORT SERVICES
A. Maritime Transport
ServicesS/DCS/W/HUN
Page 18Modes of supply: 1) Cross-border supply 2) Consumption abroad 3) Commercial presence 4) Presence of natural persons
Sector or Sub-sector Limitations on Market Access Limitat ions on  National Treatment Additional Commitments
(d) Maintenance and repair of
vessels1) None
2) None3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in Part I1) None
2) None3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in Part I
B. Internal Waterways
Transport
(d) Maintenance and repair of
vessels1) None
2) None3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in Part I1) None
2) None3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in Part I
C. Air Transport Services
(d) Maintenance and repair of
aircraft1) None
2) None3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in Part I1) None
2) None3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in Part I
- Computer reservations
systems (as defined inparagraph 6 (c) of theAnnex on Air Transport
Services)
E. Rail Transport Services
(a) Passenger transportation 1) Unbound
2) None
3) Services may be provided through a
Contract of Concession granted by thestate or the local authority
4) Unbound except as indicated in Part I1) None
2) None
3) None
4) Unbound except as indicated in Part IS/DCS/W/HUN
Page 19Modes of supply: 1) Cross-border supply 2) Consumption abroad 3) Commercial presence 4) Presence of natural persons
Sector or Sub-sector Limitations on Market Access Limitat ions on  National Treatment Additional Commitments
(b) Freight transportation 1) Unbound
2) None3) Services may be provided through a
Contract of Concession granted by thestate or the local authority
4) Unbound except as indicated in Part I1) None
2) None3) None
4) Unbound except as indicated in Part I
(d) Maintenance and repair of
rail transport equipment1) None
2) None
3) None
4) Unbound except as indicated in Part I.1) None
2) None
3) None
4) Unbound except as indicated in Part IS/DCS/W/HUN
Page 20Modes of supply: 1) Cross-border supply 2) Consumption abroad 3) Commercial presence 4) Presence of natural persons
Sector or Sub-sector Limitations on Market Access Limitat ions on  National Treatment Additional Commitments
F. Road Transport Services
(d) Maintenance and repair of
road transport equipment1) None
2) None3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in Part I1) None
2) None3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in Part I
G. Pipeline Transport 1) Unbound2) None3) Services may be provided through a Contract 
of Concessions granted by the state or the local authority
4) Unbound except as indicated in Part I1) None
2) None3) None
4) Unbound except as indicated in Part I
H. Services Auxiliary to All
Modes of Transport
(b) Storage and warehouse
services1) None
2) None
3) None
4) Unbound except as indicated in Part I1) None
2) None
3) None
4) Unbound except as indicated in Part IS/DCS/W/HUN
Page 21
REFERENCE PAPER
Scope
The following are definitions and principles on the regulatory framework for the basic
telecommunications services.
Definitions
Users mean service consumers and service suppliers.
Essential facilities mean facilities of a public telecommunications transport network or service
that
(a) are exclusively or predominantly provided by a single or limited number of suppliers;
and
(b) cannot feasibly be economically or technically substituted in order to provide a 
service.
A major supplier is a supplier which has the ability to materially affect the terms of
participation (having regard to price and supply) in the relevant market for basic telecommunications
services as a result of:
(a) control over essential facilities;  or
(b) use of its position in the market.
1. Competitive safeguards
1.1 Prevention of anti-competitive practices in telecommunications
Appropriate measures shall be maintained for the purpose of preventing suppliers who, alone
or together, are a major supplier from engaging in or continuing anti-competitive practices.
1.2 Safeguards
The anti-competitive practices referred to above shall include in particular:
(a) engaging in anti-competitive cross-subsidization;
(b) using information obtained from competitors with anti-competitive results;  and
(c) not making available to other services suppliers on a timely basis technical information about
essential facilities and commercially relevant information which are necessary for them to
provide services.
2. Interconnection
2.1 This section applies to linking with supplie rs providing public telecommunications transport
networks or services in order to allow the users of one supplier to communicate with users of anothersupplier and  to access services provided by another supplier, where specific commitments are
undertaken.S/DCS/W/HUN
Page 22
2.2 Interconnection to be ensured
Interconnection with a major supplier will be ensured at any technically feasible point in the
network.  Such interconnection is provided.
(a) under non-discriminatory terms, conditions (including technical standards and 
specifications) and rates and of a quality no less favourable than that provided for its 
own like services or for like services of non-affiliated service suppliers or for its 
subsidiaries or other affiliates;
(b) in a timely fashion, on terms, conditions (including technical standards and 
specifications) and cost-oriented rates that are transparent, reasonable, having regard to economic feasibility, and sufficiently unbundled so that the supplier need not pay 
for network components or facilities that it does not require for the service to be 
provided;  and
(c) upon request, at points in addition to the network termination points offered to the 
majority of users, subject to charges that reflect the cost of construction of necessary 
additional facilities.
2.3 Public availability of the procedures for interconnection negotiations
The procedures applicable for interconnection to a major supplier will be made publicly
available.
2.4 Transparency of interconnection arrangements
It is ensured that a major supplier will make publicly available either its interconnection
agreements or a reference interconnection offer.
2.5 Interconnection:  dispute settlement
A service supplier requesting interconnection with a major supplier will have recourse, either:
(a) at any time or
(b) after a reasonable period of time which has been made publicly known to an independent
domestic body, which may be a regulatory body as referred to in paragraph 5 below, to resolve
disputes regarding appropriate terms, conditions  and rates for interconnection within a reasonable
period of time, to the extent that these have not been established previously.
3. Universal service
Any Member has the right to define the kind of universal service obligation it wishes to
maintain.  Such obligations will not be regarded  as anti-competitive per se, provided they are
administered in a transparent, non-discriminatory and competitively neutral manner and are not more
burdensome than necessary for the kind of universal service defined by the Member.S/DCS/W/HUN
Page 23
4. Public availability of licensing criteria
Where a licence is required, the following will be made publicly available:
(a) all the licensing criteria and the period of time normally required to reach a decision 
concerning an application for a licence and
(b) the terms and conditions of  individual licences.
The reasons for the denial of a licence will be made known to the applicant upon 
request.
5. Independent regulators
Where a license is required, the following will be made publicly available:
(a) all the licensing criteria and the period of time normally required to reach a decision 
concerning an application for a license and
(b) the terms and conditions of individual licenses.The reasons for the denial of a licence will be made known to the applicant upon request.
5. Independent regulators
The regulatory body is separate from, and not accountable to, any supplier of basic
telecommunications services.  The decisions of and the procedures used by the regulators shall be
impartial with respect to all  market participants.
6. Allocation and use of scarce resources
Any procedures for the allocation and use of scarce resources, including frequencies, numbers
and rights of way, will be carried out in an objective, timely, transparent and non-discriminatory
manner.  The current state of allocated frequency bands will be made publicly available, but detailed
identification of frequencies allocated for specific government uses is not required.
_______________S/DCS/W/HUN
Page 24
HUNGARY - LIST OF ARTICLE II (MFN) EXEMPTIONS
Sector or SubsectorDescription of measure
indicating its inconsistency
with Article IICountries to which the
measure appliesIntended durationConditions creating  the need for
the exemption
Audiovisual Services Measures that are taken for the
implementation of existing or
future co-production agreements
and which provide for nationaltreatment to the works coveredParties to agreements Indefinite The promotion of cultural links
between the parties
Measures that are taken for theimplementation of, and in
conformity with regulations based
on arrangements and supportprogrammes such as the Councilof Europe Convention onTransfrontier Television,EURIMAGES and MEDIA,
which provide for preferences
linked to meeting specific origincriteriaEuropean countries Indefinite The promotion of cultural
exchanges among European
countries based on traditional
cultural links
Road transport(passenger and freight)Measures that are taken under
existing or future bilateral
agreements and which reserve or
limit the provision of services andspecify operating conditions,including through transit permitsand/or preferential road taxes, of a
transport service into, in, across
and out of HungaryAll countries with which
bilateral agreements are or
will be in forceIndefinite To protect the integrity of road
infrastructure and the environment
and to regulate traffic rights in the
territory of HungaryS/DCS/W/HUN
Page 25Sector or SubsectorDescription of measure
indicating its inconsistency
with Article IICountries to which the
measure appliesIntended durationConditions creating  the need for
the exemption
Internal waterwaystransportMeasures that are taken under
existing or future bilateral orplurilateral agreements and whichreserve the access to inlandwaterways of Hungary to foreignservice providersAll countries with which
bilateral or plurilateralagreements are or will be inforceIndefinite To protect the integrity of the
infrastructure and the environmentand to regulate traffic rights in theterritory of Hungary
Financial services Commitments undertaken under
mode 3) may be subject toreciprocity requirement.All countries Indefinite To obtain equal market access
possibilities for Hungarian serviceproviders
__________