WORLD TRADE  
ORGANIZATION  IP/C/W/412/Add.5 
26 January 2004 
 (04-0275) 
Council for Trade-Related Aspects 
of Intellectual Property Rights Original:   English/ 
 French* 
 
  
REPORT ON THE IMPLEMENTATION OF ARTICLE 66.2 
OF THE TRIPS AGREEMENT 
 
 
EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES 
 
Addendum
 
 
 
 The following communication, dated 11 N ovember 2003, from the Delegation of the 
European Commission is being circulated pursuant to paragraph 1 of the Decision on Implementation 
of Article 66.2 of the TRIPS Agreement.  It w as circulated as an advance copy for the Council's 
meeting on 18 November 2003. 
 
_______________ 
 
 
I. GENERAL REMARKS 
 This document is circulated in accordance w ith the Decision of the Council for TRIPS of 
19 February 2003, according to which developed co untry Members shall submit annually reports on 
actions taken or planned in pursuance of their co mmitments under Article 66.2 (incentives provided to 
their enterprises or institutions for the purpose of promoting and encouraging technology transfer to 
least developed country Members).  
 As agreed in the Council for TRIPS, this doc ument complements the detailed report that was 
submitted in autumn 2002 by the EC and individua l member States (IP/W/388/Add.6).  However, in 
light of the above mentioned Decision, the notification format used in 2002 has been updated and revised.  It now provides additional details.  
 This cover note is followed by a series of de tailed sheets presenting the existing incentives to 
technology transfer.  The first set of sheets deals with incentives given by th e European Communities; 
the second set covers incentives given by individual member States (France, Finland, Germany, Ireland, Spain, Sweden).  It is intended to update  this notification upon availability of additional 
information from other member States.  
 Information on the activities of the Europ ean Investment Bank will be distributed as a 
supplement to this document.  
 
                                                     
 
* English except for the information on France's activities in French. IP/C/W/412/Add.5 
Page 2  
 
 II. SCOPE AND NATURE OF INFORMATION PROVIDED 
 Technology transfer refers here to the ways and means through which companies and 
organizations acquire technology from foreign sources. There are several types of technologies as 
well as several channels of transmission.  Indeed, the acquisition by least developed countries (LDCs) 
of a sound and viable technological base does not depend solely on the provision of physical objects 
or equipment, but also on the acquisition of k now-how, on management and production skills, on 
improved access to knowledge sources as well as on adapta tion to local economic, social and cultural 
conditions.    It is clear that the private - and particularly the commercial sector is nowadays the main 
source of technologies and, in this context, techno logy transfer is often one component of a more 
complex project, rather than a stand alone activity.    A privileged channel for technology transfer, including transfer of know-how, is foreign 
direct investment (FDI);  joint research projects between private and/or public partners are also 
important in helping LDCs to benefit from technol ogies and adapt them to their specific needs;  
access to the right partners, to information and to expertise are key at all stages. 
  In their efforts to encourage and promote te chnology transfer, developed country governments 
are usually limited by two factors: 1) they do not own the vast majority of such technologies;  2) they cannot force the private sector to transfer its technologies. 
 
 Incentives can therefore only take the form of  encouragement, promotion and facilitation of 
the (potentially) most fruitful projects.  They shall be part of a global and comprehensive approach of 
development.   
 Against this background, the EC consider that  relevant incentives can be identified as those 
that:  
Objective 1
: promote projects such as direct investment, licensing, franchising, 
sub-contracting, etc; 
 
Objective 2 : improve access to available techniques and industrial processes; 
 Objective 3
: support joint research projects; 
 Objective 4
: provide training in technology management and production methods; 
 
Objective 5 :  more indirectly, improve the absorption capacity of LDCs (capacity building); 
 Objective 6
:  encourage trade in technological goods. 
  The attached sheets illustrate the efforts made by the EC to promote and encourage 
technology transfer.  They describe only incentives th at have a strong link with at least one of the 
aforementioned objectives and, with a few exceptions , which concentrate on European enterprises and 
institutions.   In addition, most countries and regions benefit from allocations for private sector 
development included in their national or regional cooperation programmes. 
  Finally, it should be borne in mind that no technology transfer programme is specifically 
dedicated to least-developed countries as such .  The EC's initiatives are usually specific to  IP/C/W/412/Add.5 
 Page 3 
 
 
 countries/groups of countries/regions, since the EC  strongly supports regional integration, which 
fosters better understanding and political and eco nomic links between neighbouring countries.  
However, the EC's approach to the allocation of ai d and incentives pays particular attention to the 
situation of the least-developed and other low income countries. IP/C/W/412/Add.5 
Page 4  
 
 EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES 
  
N
AME OF THE PROGRAMME / INCENTIVE  : INCO  (RESEARCH FOR DEVELOPMENT )  
•  General description: 
  International cooperation in the field of r esearch and technological development (RTD) is 
pursued under the Eu ropean Communities Framework Programme for research, technological 
development and demonstration , through two complementary routes: 
 
- an international cooperation dimension integral  to each specific programme, which allows the 
participation of third country's partners in the projects; 
 - INCO, a dedicated cooperation programme wh ich focuses on specific RTD activities relevant 
to certain third countries or regions and not addressed by other programmes of the Framework 
Programme. 
  One of the objectives of the International Co-operation Programme (INCO) is to enable 
developing countries, including the least developed ones, to be associated with the generation of 
knowledge and innovative and appropriate technologies needed to solve their specific problems and to 
attain sustainable economic development. 
  The programme brings together North-South c onsortia of scientists from several countries (at 
least 3+3) to develop new knowledge and tools as well as policy formulations addressing underlying 
causes of problems in the fields of health, agri culture, environmental management, conservation of 
natural resources, etc. 
  The programme's major asset is the added va lue and cost-effectiveness that joint research 
projects can generate by exploiting the resources a nd scientific excellence of the partners, funding 
new research, exchanging know-how and transferri ng technologies, providing on-the-job-training and 
work experience.  It also focuses on how internati onal research cooperation can help stimulate socio-
economic development and global competitiveness.  Th e research consortia are entitled to generate 
jointly new intellectual property and share under equal terms applications.  Many patent applications 
associate partners from North and South.   INCO projects also provide training for young scientists from developing countries.   
•  Beneficiary countries: 
 
 ACP Countries (African, Caribbean, Pacific), Asia and Latin America. 
 
•  Objective(s) and type(s) of incentive given: 
 
Objective 1
: to promote joint sharing of R&D costs, and to support prospective activities 
and the identification of partners (w orkshops, meetings, travel grants in 
contracts); 
 Objective 2
: to improve access to available techni ques and industrial processes (this includes 
in particular: better access to  legal and technological information sources and 
training in the state of the art); 
  IP/C/W/412/Add.5 
 Page 5 
 
 
 Objective 3 : to support joint research projects be tween private and/or public partners; 
 Objective 4
: to provide training in technology management and production methods, 
especially in the agricultural field; 
 
Objective 5 : capacity building. 
 
•  Eligible enterprises or institutions: 
  All legally established institutions for R&D and higher education in third countries. 
 
•  Type of technology transferred: 
 
 The current INCO Programme aims particularly at global development, such as stemming 
desertification, enabling food security, reducing the impact of food production practices on land and 
water environments, and promoting be tter health and health care for a ll.  The research priorities cover 
knowledge, technologies and policy for sustainable deve lopment.  Specific themes include safe water 
for all, protection of vegetation and waterways, in tegrated management of water resources, livestock 
health, food security, sustainable agricultural pro duction and fighting neglected infectious diseases 
(e.g. sleeping sickness).  In addition to INCO e fforts, the European Communities launched a major 
effort on clinical trials for new interventi ons against malaria, tuberculosis and AIDS. 
  Successive programmes have encouraged scientis ts to set up networks within and between 
continents and thus place their collaboration on a perm anent and equal footing.  The results have been 
tangible for developing countries.  They have also added value to the Community research base, while 
European research is now more appreciated and more accessible in developing countries. 
 
•  Functioning in practice: 
 
 INCO is based on the principle of mutual benefit and mutual respect, with all activities underpinned by two basic rules:   (1) constructive dialogue between the EU  and its partner countries and regions as 
essential in identifying priority areas.  A pre-condition for this is a basic recognition 
of the value of each partner country and its approaches; 
  (2) close cooperation and equitable distribution of research responsibilities is key to 
successful research. 
 
 Call for proposals are issued and available on the website www.cordis.lu
; they are evaluated 
by external reviewers and funding is made available on the basis of grant contracts.  
•  Examples of ongoing/implemented projects: 
 
-  Fighting parasitic disease: Schistosomiasis or bilharzia is a parasitic disease affecting 
about 200 million people in tropical and sub-tr opical countries.  Treatment is almost 
solely via a single drug called Praziquantel. INCO funded six European and nine African scientific and medical organizations to examine various issues relating to the 
use of the drug and the disease's resistance to  it.  Reference centres have been set up in 
Africa where staff has been trained to monito r drug resistance.  The broad range of data 
collected - from dosages to side-effects - is helping national health authorities to use 
Praziquantel more effectively and efficiently. IP/C/W/412/Add.5 
Page 6  
 
  
-  Improving the quality and nutritional status of  "gari" through the use of starter cultures 
and fortification with soybean, palm o il and coconut milk (September 2002 -August 
2005): Gari is a traditional fermented cassava-based staple food produced by natural solid-state fermentation (SSF) and it is the ma in energy source for many people in West 
Africa. However, cassava contains very low le vels of protein.  The objective of this 
project is to improve the nutritional quality of  gari by fortification with soybeans and 
palm oil (in West Africa) and coconut milk (in East Africa), using a specially formulated starter culture.  The technolog y developed will be disseminated through 
women' s production networks, assisted with business development support.  
 
•  Statistics on the use of the incentive / on the number of  supported projects:  
 
 INCO specific activities for developing count ries are endowed with ca.€140 million over the 
period 2002-2006, equivalent to 20% of the total f unding allocated to International Scientific and 
Technological Co-operation in the sixth Framew ork Programme.  Non earmarked component of 
€285 million is at the disposal of developing count ries researchers to integr ate EC-based integrated 
research projects and networks of excellence.   Number of supported projects: the progra mme is still running up and numbers are not 
significant at this time. 
 
•  Contact:   
  Point of contact in the European Co mmission's Research DG for INCO is:  
  michel.pletschette@cec.eu.int   Further information, news and details of pr ojects can be found at the following INCO pages 
on the European Commission's Communit y Research and Development website. 
  INCO 1 (1994-1998): http://www.cordis.lu/inco/home.html
 
 INCO 2 (1998-2002): http://www.cordis.lu/inco2/home.html  
 INCO3 : under construction on www.cordis.lu  
  IP/C/W/412/Add.5 
 Page 7 
 
 
 EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES 
  
N
AME OF THE PROGRAMME / INCENTIVE :  PRO€INVEST   
• General Description: 
 
 PRO€INVEST is a new EU-ACP (Africa, Ca ribbean and Pacific) partnership programme 
developed and undertaken by the European Commissi on on behalf of the ACP countries.  Its objective 
is to promote investment and technology flows to  enterprises operating in key sectors in the ACP 
States. 
  
 Indeed, private sector enterprises and interm ediary organizations in the ACP countries are 
working together in a difficult context, worsened by  the remoteness of the main markets and a lack of 
technical know-how.  Continuing uncertainty or in stability in their legal, economic, technical, 
financial and social environments adds to the difficulties experienced by these countries in their 
attempts to attract investors and therefore revita lise their economies and enterprises.  In order to 
overcome these obstacles and also to reinforce ex isting initiatives, it is necessary both to improve the 
investment environment and to strengthen those in termediary organizations that provide advice, 
information and support to ACP enterprises in many ar eas and at different stages of their business life. 
 
• Beneficiary countries: 
 
 ACP Countries. 
 
• Objective(s) and types of incentives given: 
 
 The specific objectives are the programme are:  
-  to promote, on a regional basis, sustainabl e and environmentally friendly Investment and 
Inter-enterprise Co-operation Agreements (I&ICAs) in key sectors with economic 
potential, to increase the comp etitiveness of ACP economies; 
-  to strengthen the role of Investment Promotion Agencies, intermediary private 
organizations, and providers of investment -related business development services (BDS) 
both in advocacy/policy dialogue and in provision of support services to investors; 
- to support those sectors and I&ICAs which will contribute to the attainment of wider 
social objectives of the ACP countries. 
 This corresponds to:  
 
Objective 1
:  promote direct investment, licensing, franchising, sub-cont racting, and other 
partnership agreements - through s upport to firms looking for potential 
partners (partnership meetings); 
  Objective 5
 :  capacity building (support to intermediary organizations). 
 
• Eligible enterprises or institutions: 
 
 Intermediary organizations (Investment Pr omotion Agencies, Chambers of commerce, 
professional associations), financial institu tions and consultants' associations. 
 IP/C/W/412/Add.5 
Page 8  
 
 • Type of technology transferred: 
 
 Manufacturing and service technologies in key growth sectors. 
 
• Functioning in practice:  
  PRO€INVEST has a budget  of €110 million over a period of seven years.  It is financed by 
the European Development Fund (EDF).  Its appro ach is two-dimensional: to support intermediary 
organizations and professional associations and to develop inter-enterprise partnerships. 
 1. Strengthening the investment environment for enterprises
: 
 PRO€INVEST supports and strengthens the work of professional organizations (namely 
chambers of commerce and industry, employers' federations), investment promotion agencies, 
financial institutions and consultant s' associations whose primary objective is the improvement of the 
investment environment and the development of enterprises.   On a cost-sharing basis, these organizations  may apply for assistance from PRO€INVEST to 
develop and optimise their capacities.  In partic ular, the proposed programme activities intended for 
intermediary organizations include:  
- assessing needs of pre-identified intermediary organizations; 
- prompting or supporting the establishment of dialogue between the private sector and 
the national and regional authorities on the el aboration and implementation of measures 
to promote investment; 
- developing and proposing services adapted to the needs of enterprises in respect of 
investment promotion; 
- providing technical assistance and funding to  support the organiza tion of investment 
promotion and partnership initiatives; 
- facilitating access to and providing training on the latest information technology and 
implementing information management systems for the administration of projects and business events. 
 2. Supporting key sectors
: 
 The programme facilitates the promotion of i nvestments and the conclusion of partnership 
agreements between North-South and South-South enterprises in key growth economic sectors. 
   PRO€INVEST devotes resources to the identifica tion of those sectors with the best potential 
for ACP development and the creation of partners hips;  through various initiatives it brings potential 
partners together and provides follow- up support to individual enterprises. 
 
 In the field of investment promotion, PRO€INVEST activities include:  
- conducting regional strategic surveys to iden tify key sectors.  These surveys will give 
an overview of the business environment, the comparative advantages of key sectors, 
the legal, economic, technical, social and financial constraints on investment and 
strategies to overcome or reduce the impact of such constraints; 
- producing sector and sub-sector surveys whic h will help identify potential partners and 
their technological know-how; 
- promoting inter-enterprise cooperation th rough the organization of partnership 
meetings by sector, with the ultimate  objective of having Investment and  IP/C/W/412/Add.5 
 Page 9 
 
 
 Inter-enterprise Co-operation Agreements si gned.  Proposals will be tailored to the 
specific markets; 
- providing technical assistance to projects arising from PRO €INVEST partnership 
initiatives.  
 
3.  How to benefit from PRO€INVEST?  
 On a demand-driven and cost-sharing basis (up to 67% from PRO €INVEST). 
 
• Examples of ongoing/implemented projects: 
 
 - Delegation of Senegalese companies/fruit processing 
  
 In May 2003, a Senegalese sectorial associati on organized a partnership mission to France for 
10 of its members specialised in the production of jam, fruit juices and syrups.  The objectives 
were to have a better knowledge  of appropriate technologies and a better knowledge of the 
European market trends (products, packaging) .  The selected Senegalese companies held 
business-to-business cooperation meetings in Fran ce with industrial producers of jam, fruit 
juices and syrups, machinery suppliers, servi ce providers and engineering companies. 
 
 - Leather Invest-tech/Kenya 
 
In June-July 2003, Leather Invest-Tech gathered  together a total of 30-40 European Union 
investors and a equal number of African partner enterprises.  The main goal of the event was 
to increase investment, inter-enterprise partners hips and technology flows into the leather 
sector in Eastern and Southern Africa.  The M eeting served as a platform for information and 
experience exchanges as well as promoting inv estment and partnership opportunities in the 
leather sector.  The target groups were tanne rs, footwear and leather goods manufacturers, 
investment promotion agencies and other interested investors. 
 
 - African Business Delegation at the Ethnic Food Show (France) 
  
At the occasion of the Ethnic Food Show (Par is, 17-18 June 2003), a delegation of African 
companies (22), members of AAFEX, looking for pa rtnerships with European investors, were 
presented the opportunities and constraints of th e European market and visited distributors 
and technical centres (logistics, distribution centres) and European potential investors 
participating in the Ethnic Food Show.  
• Statistics on the use of the incentive / the number of supported projects : 
  Statistics will be available in the annual report of activities. 
  
• Contact : 
 
 The implementation of PRO€INVEST has been entrusted by the European Commission to a 
Management Unit put in place by the Centre for the Development of Enterprise (CDE). 
  
 The supervision of the programme is the res ponsibility of the Europe Aid Co-operation Office 
of the European Commission.  IP/C/W/412/Add.5 
Page 10  
 
 - For operational purposes: 
   PRO€INVEST Management Unit-CDE  Avenue Hermann-Debroux 52  1160 Brussels-Belgium  
 Tel:  + (32 2) 6791850/1 
 Fax:  + (32 2) 6791870   E-mail:  infos@proinvest-eu.org
 
 Website:  www.proinvest-eu.org   
 
- For institutional purposes: 
  EuropeAid Co-operation Office  Directorate C  Economic and Trade Co-operation Unit   
 European Commission 
 B-1049 Brussels  IP/C/W/412/Add.5 
 Page 11 
 
 
 EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES 
  
N
AME OF THE PROGRAMME /INCENTIVE :  CDE  – CENTRE FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF 
ENTERPRISE  
• General description: 
 
 The CDE promotes partnerships between ACP and European enterprises, which may take various forms:  financial, technical or commercia l partnership, management  contract, licensing or 
franchise agreement, subcontract.  CDE is an or ganization of the ACP Group of countries and the 
European Union in the framework of the Cotonou Agreement. 
  
 CDE provides support not only to the creation and the strengthening of ACP enterprises, but also to intermediary organizations (such as trade and/or sectoral associations) and consultancy firms 
in ACP Countries, which in turn should be able to provide expertise and advice to local firms. 
 
• Beneficiary countries:  
 
 ACP countries  
 
• Objective(s) and types of incentives given: 
 
Objective 1
:  to promote projects such as direct investment, licensing, franchising, 
sub-contracting, through support to bo th ACP and EU potential partners 
(expertise, advice, contacts, s ources of  technology and other); 
 Objective 2
:   to improve access to available t echniques and industrial processes through a 
better access to legal and technological  information sources and training in 
the state of the art; 
  
Objective 4 :   to provide training in technology management and production methods; 
 Objective 5
:   capacity building (through support to intermediary organizations and 
consultancy firms). 
 
• Eligible enterprises or institutions:  
  
 SMEs and private sector intermediary organizations of the ACP countries.  
• Type of technology transferred: 
  
 Manufacturing and services technologies in general. 
 
• Functioning in practice: 
  
 CDE is an ACP-EU organization financed by  the European Development Fund (EDF). Its 
interventions take the form of sectoral progra mmes financed under its own budget and consisting 
essentially in providing grants on a cost-sharing basis for technical assistance and capacity building. 
The CDE does not finance investment, but it assists companies in the pre and post-financing phases. 
The CDE has its central headquarters in Brussels,  but is presently decentralising towards the ACP 
countries through regional offices and national antennae. IP/C/W/412/Add.5 
Page 12  
 
  
1.  Support to ACP SMEs in the formal sector: 
 
1.1.  Direct assistance
: 
 
 The CDE lends supports for the design of pr ojects (creation and development phase) and the 
search for financial and technical partners, particular ly in the EU Member States.  To this end, the 
CDE provides for two facilities:   The CDE Development Facility - For enterprise creation, extension and development.  This 
assistance covers the following stages: 
   
- project definition;  - pre-feasibility, feasibility, market studies;  - search for technologies and partners;  
- financial engineering;  
- assistance in legal issues and project development;  - quality and environmental studies. 
 
The CDE Assistance Facility - Longer-term support to the following operations: 
 
- start-up and technical assistance;  
- staff training; - diagnosis and audits (technical , financial, management);  
- management, marketing assistance;  - restructuring assistance;  
- integration into national and regiona l networks and trade associations;  
- promotion of quality, labelling, standa rdisation and environmental protection. 
 
1.2.  Studies and information
:  provision of consultancy services 
 1.3.  Individual or collective meetings
: 
 
 Holding national and regional technical or se ctoral meetings - workshops, trade fairs, 
manufacturers'  task forces, trade meetings, promo tion campaigns - on the national and regional level. 
  The CDE also shares its experience by providi ng technical documentation and information: 
   
- guides and series on technology (a list is featured on the website); - online newsletter; - permanent link between companies benefiting from CDE's support. 
 The CDE's financial aid allocations may offer: 
 
- up to 2/3 of the total assistance being sought;  - an annual sum per company that may be up to €100,000; - the potential for accumulating successive operations equals up to 20% of the assets or 
annual turnover. 
   IP/C/W/412/Add.5 
 Page 13 
 
 
 2.  Support to Intermediary ACP Organizations: 
 
 The CDE provides support to such organizations through: 
 - assistance in self-management;  
- promotion of contacts and partnership between European and ACP intermediary 
organizations; 
- technical assistance to set up their own aid programmes for member enterprises. 
  
 The CDE contribution is considered on a case-by-case basis and invariably involves a 
contribution from the relevant organization. 
 
3.  Consultants and consultancy firms: 
 
 The CDE supports: 
 
- specific training for consultants who are supposed to assess and prepare projects for ACP 
enterprises;  
- additional training in consultancy techniques;  - contacts with other consultancy firms.  
 
 The CDE contribution may be: 
 
- up to 2/3 of the total cost per operation; - limited to €50,000 per year.   
• Examples of ongoing/implemented projects: 
 
 Technical and commercial support and transfer of know-how:  Dominican Pottery
 
 
  This San Pedro de Macoris-based company uses only local clays to make fired products for 
export.  As they each have different characteristics,  the use of three basic clays in the manufacturing 
process creates technical problems, and by extensi on, difficulties in trying to maximise production. 
 
 The CDE supported the involvement of an expe rt to advise and provide solutions about staff 
qualifications, restructuring, the use of more su itable equipment to crus h operations and improve 
maintenance procedures.  These contributions enable d the production treatment time to be reduced by 
one-third and savings to be made on the equipm ent that was supposed to  be replaced, thereby 
reducing investment costs. 
  An expert from the Centre provided advice on how to improve the clay processing monitoring 
systems.  This led to a reduction in the amount of  clay lost in the production units.  Recommendations 
of the CDE expert about clay mixing, baking pro cess and stove specifications reduced losses at the 
baking stage from 45% to 3%.  A CDE expert trained the enterprise's engineers to repair, adjust and 
polish moulds.  The production losses were significan tly reduced and staff is now able to make new 
moulds and repair existing moulds in ac cordance with international standards. 
 IP/C/W/412/Add.5 
Page 14  
 
 • Contact: 
 
- directly at Brussels headquarters:    CDE, Avenue Hermann Debroux 52 
  B1160 Brussels 
  Belgium   Phone:  (+32 2 679 18 11)   Fax:  (+32 2 675 19 03)   E-mail:  ( info@cde.int
) 
 
- via its decentralised management units; 
- through its network in the ACP countries and European Union countries; - through bilateral and multilateral or local financial agencies    The addresses of these contacts, plus a simp lified online form to apply for assistance are 
available on the CDE website:  http://www.cdi.be.
 
     IP/C/W/412/Add.5 
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 EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES 
  
N
AME OF THE PROGRAMME /INCENTIVE :  ASIA  IT&C  PROGRAMME (PHASE I & II) 
• General description: 
 
 Asia IT&C Programme co-finances mutually  beneficial partnerships in Information 
Technology and Communication between Europe and Asia. 
   The programme has a budget of €30 million fo r the period 1999-2004 and can supply up to 
80% co-financing.  
• Beneficiary countries: 
   
 Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Cambodia, China, East Timor, Indonesia, India, Lao 
People's Democratic Republic, Malaysia, the Maldiv es, Nepal, Pakistan, the Philippines, Sri Lanka, 
Thailand, Viet Nam. 
 
* * Hong Kong, China;  Singapore;  Brunei Darussalam and Macao, China may participate at their own cost  
 
• Objective(s) and type(s) of incentive given: 
 
 The objective of the Programme is to incr ease cooperation in information technology and 
communications (IT&C) between Europe and Asia  through the co-financing of IT&C projects 
managed by European/Asian partnerships.   During the first phase of the Asia IT&C Pr ogramme, value added w as achieved not only by 
the implementation of specific projects, but also by addressing issues that are unlikely to be taken up 
by the private sector.  
  In a proposed Phase II there will be emphasis on inducing the LDC's to participate more fully, 
thereby increasing their integration into the global  economy. Calls for proposals will focus on priority 
sectors and ICT applications in order to maximise the impact of the programme.  Attention will be 
given to developing ICT-based solutions in area s such as poverty alleviation, the advocacy of 
democracy and other development priorities.  Types of incentives given:
 
 
Objective 1 : promote projects such as direct investment, licensing, franchising, sub- 
contracting, etc., through non-financia l incentives (support to national and third 
country firms identifying potential partners - advice, contacts, etc.); 
 Objective 2
: improve access to available techniques and industrial processes; 
 
Objective 4 : provide training in technology management and production methods; 
 Objective 5
: capacity building; 
 Objective 6
: encourage trade in technological goods. IP/C/W/412/Add.5 
Page 16  
 
 •  Eligible enterprises or institutions: 
 
 The basic rule is that projects should be  developed by a partnership of non-profit 
organizations established between at  least two participants from diffe rent EU Member States and one 
from an eligible Asian local government. 
 
•  Type of technology transferred: 
 
 The Programme's objectives cover the following areas of activity: information society, 
e-commerce, education, transport, health, ag riculture, tourism and intelligent-manufacturing. 
  There are six components under which proposals may be prepared, which are the main instruments of the Programme: Get-in-Touch & Keep-in-Touch Activities, Short Courses (University 
Level), Information Society Interconnectivit y, Liaise with European IT&C Initiatives and 
Programmes, Understanding European & Asian Regul atory and Legislative Organization Structures, 
Practical Demonstration Projects.  
•  Functioning in practice: 
  Projects are selected through the Call for Proposal mechanism.  
 
•  Examples of ongoing/implemented projects : 
 
Title: e-Health & Learning (e-HL) 
Programme Component: Liaise with European IT&C Initiatives and Programmes 
Area of Activity: Health and Education. 
Duration of the Project: 15 months 
EC Co-financing (€): €319,872  (80%) 
Start date: 23 January 2003 
  Europe has vast experience in e-technology and this project's objective is to establish a medical network with participants from Europe a nd Asia that either play a role in the medical 
care/hospital sector, or have technological and/or organizational know-how in the field of medical 
care/hospital sector.  The Project targets Bangladesh and aims to improve cooperation between Asia 
and Europe in the identification and implementation of  ICT solutions in the health care sector.  At the 
same time it will stimulate and facilitate Asiati c health operators' contribution to technologies' 
implementation and avoid their professional isolation.   Participants will be the health operators from 
both continents and will be invited to join the netw ork through a Medical Portal and attend a series of 
Health & Learning Seminars.  Different areas of t echnology and health know-how  will be covered, for 
a total period of 15 months. 
 
Title: e- EQUIT - Education Quality Improvement through EU Digital 
Technologies 
Programme Component: Liaise with European IT&C Initiatives and Programmes 
Area of Activity: Education. 
Duration of the Project: 24 months 
EC Co-financing (€): €400,000  (80%) 
Start date: 26 March 2002 
 
 The focus is on Vocational, Technical and Ge neral Education in the Asian countries of Sri 
Lanka and Lao PDR. The project also contributes to  "Society" and "E-commerce" areas of activity. 
The project will bring together EU expertise with Asian partners and expert s to determine how EU  IP/C/W/412/Add.5 
 Page 17 
 
 
 technologies and initiatives in digital media can impr ove the efficiency of education administration 
and deliver more effective & widespread educati on services.  The objectives will be reached through 
an EU-Asia forum, speci alised working groups, a series of brainstorming workshops, knowledge 
swap, participatory investigation, intervie ws, case studies and dissemination activities. 
 
 Other examples are available at the following address: 
  http://europa.eu.int/comm/europeaid/pr ojects/asia-itc/html/fundedprojects.htm
 
 
•  Statistics on the use of the incentive/on the number of supported projects: 
 
 100 programmes were supported so fa r (details available on the website) 
 
•  Contact: 
 
 Mr. David Macrae   Office EuropeAid D2  European Commission 
 B-1049 Bruxelles 
 Tel : + 32 2 298 47 73  Fax: + 32 2 298 48 63  Website : http://www .europa.eu.int/comm/europeaid/projects/asia-itc
 IP/C/W/412/Add.5 
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 EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES 
  
N
AME OF THE PROGRAMME /INCENTIVE :  EU-A SIA PRO ECO PROGRAMME  
• General description: 
   
 The EU-Asia Pro Eco, a demand-driven pr ogramme, aims to improve environmental 
performance in Asian economic sectors through the exchange of cleaner environmental policies, 
technologies and practices and to promote sustainable investment and trade between the EU and Asia. 
 Expected results are in particular: 
  
- an EU-Asia technology partnership with a long-term potential developing trade, 
investment, and joint venture opportunities in environmental technologies;  
- a reinforced policy environment: improved regulatory framework, adapted institutional 
framework, lower trade barriers, and a highe r degree of transparency an awareness of 
economic and environmental polic ies and regulatory decisions; 
- an improved environmental performance in  economic sectors: performance-based 
management practices adopted by industry, more environmentally friendly technologies available or applied.  
 
• Beneficiary countries: 
  
 Asia Pro Eco is a regional assistance programme designed for the benefit of developing Asian 
countries covered by the ALA Regulation (South Asia , South East Asia, China).  Therefore, it does 
not address specific countries.  It does, however , favour the creation of partnerships where 
Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Cambodia, East  Timor, Lao PDR, the Maldives and Nepal 
participate. 
 
 In the particular case of one of Asia Pr o Eco's programme components: "Demonstration 
Projects", if the demonstration activity is taking pl ace in a Least Developed Country, the project will 
benefit from an EC contribution of 20% instead of the 15% applicable to other el igible countries.  The 
programme has also contemplated the possibility, " if justified and necessary ", to reinforce partner 
participation in less developed regions or countries. 
 
• Objective(s) and type(s) of incentive given: 
 
 Overall Objectives
: 
 
- to promote a "cleaner" Asia - the development of less-polluting and more-resource 
efficient products, processes and services in th e Asia region, especially in the waste and 
water sectors, thereby positively in fluencing the global climate change; 
 - to foster Asian demand for improved envi ronmental solutions and to build Asia 
institutional and technical capacity th at helps to tackle such change; 
 
- to encourage, between Asia and the EU, th e exchange and application of environmental 
policies, technologies, and practices that pr omote economic prosperity. To encourage 
tripartite cooperation among institutions, business and trade unions and civil society;  to 
encourage cooperation between institutions and networks. 
  IP/C/W/412/Add.5 
 Page 19 
 
 
  Types of incentives given:  
 
Objective 1 : promote projects such as direct investment, licensing, franchising, sub-
contracting, etc., through non-financia l incentives (support to national and third 
country firms identifying potential partners, advice, contacts, etc.); 
 
Objective 2 : improve access to available techniques and industrial processes; 
 Objective 4
: provide training in technology management and production methods; 
  
Objective 5 : capacity-building; 
  Objective 6
: encourage trade in technological goods. 
 
• Eligible enterprises or institutions: 
  The basic rule is that projects should be  developed by a partnership of non-profit 
organizations established between at  least two participants from diffe rent EU Member States and one 
from an eligible Asian local government. 
 
• Type of technology transferred: 
 
 The main objective of Asia Pro Eco is to  adopt policies, technologies and practices that 
promote cleaner, more resource efficient, sustaina ble solutions to environmental problems in Asia. 
Technology transfer include among others improve d management systems, forestry technology, 
pesticide technology, etc. 
 
•  Functioning in practice: 
  Projects are selected through the Call for Proposal  mechanism.  Standard application form and 
other essential documentation are available on the website. 
 
• Example of ongoing/implemented projects: 
  "Capacity Building for Implementation of UN Guidelines on Consumer Protection in Asia" 
Location: Bangladesh, Cambodia, China, India,  Indonesia, Lao PDR, Malaysia, Nepal, the 
Philippines, Sri Lanka, Thailand and Viet Nam. 
 
 The project intends to motivate 12 target Asian countries to adopt the Sustainable Consumption concept in order to guide/steer the pr oduction of goods into directions which exercise 
less strain on the environment, and safeguard othe r consumer interests at the same time.  Policy 
makers from the target countries will be introduced to  EU best practices and experiences in the field. 
 
 EC Contribution:  €330,000.  Start Date: 1 December 2003, for a duration of 22 months. 
  Other examples are available on the website.  
•  Statistics on the use of the incentive / on the number of  supported projects: 
  The EC allocate  €31.5 million to this  programme for the years 2003-2007.  
 IP/C/W/412/Add.5 
Page 20  
 
  Under the first deadline of 8 January 2003,  10 projects have been approved for grant 
co-funding for three components of the Asia Pro Eco Programme (diagnostic activities, technological 
partnerships and demonstration projects).   The EC are currently assessing project proposal s submitted under the two last deadlines of the 
Call for Proposals 2003: 17 September for Dia gnostic Activities, Technology Partnership and 
Demonstration projects and 3 October for Operationa l and Practical Dialogue Initiatives.  By the end 
of the year, the EC will have selected another 18 projects for co-funding.  Several projects will likely 
target environmental issues in LDCs.  The fact sheets of these selected projects will be available on 
the Asia Pro Eco website in early 2004. 
 
•  Contact:   
 
 Office EuropeAid D2 
 Mr. Jaime Garcia-Rodriguez, Programme Manager 
 Asia Pro Eco team: Ms. Ceri  Lewis, Ms. Régine Mandy, 
 Ms. Nathalie Van Caenegem, Mr. Sylvain Manissier   European Commission  B-1049 Bruxelles  Tel : + 32 2 298 47 73 
 Fax: + 32 2 298 48 63 
 Website:  http://europa.eu.int/comm/eur opeaid/projects/asia-pro-eco/index_en.htm 
  IP/C/W/412/Add.5 
 Page 21 
 
 
 EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES 
  
N
AME OF THE PROGRAMME /INCENTIVE :  ASIA-INVEST   
• General description: 
 
 The Asia-Invest Programme is an EU in itiative that promotes and supports business 
cooperation between the EU and Asia to facilitate  trade and investment flows between the two 
regions.  The Programme provides financial assist ance to business intermediary organizations to 
facilitate mutually beneficial partnerships, opportunities for cooperation agreements between 
companies, in particular, small and medium-sized companies (SMEs), and networking in the EU and 
South and South-East Asia and China. 
    Since its inception in 1997 until 2002, the Pr ogramme has implemented over 160 projects and 
activities with a total EC funding of approximate ly €30 million.  The Programme commenced a 
second five-year implementation period, Asia-Invest II, from 2003-2007 with a commitment of 
€41 million. 
 
• Beneficiary countries: 
 
 EU Member States and 17 participating Asia n countries: Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, 
Cambodia, China, East Timor, India, Indonesia, La o PDR, Malaysia, the Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan, 
the Philippines, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Viet Nam.
1 
 
• Eligible enterprises or institutions: 
 
 The Asia-Invest Programme is open to non-pr ofit intermediary organizations from the EU 
Member States and the eligible Asian countries.  This includes chambers of commerce, trade and 
investment agencies, business and industrial associat ions and technology, management, standards and 
quality institutes.  Intermediaries, as key economi c operators, play a significant role as multipliers, 
extending the benefits of the Programme to a wider number of companies.  
• Objective(s) and types of incentives given: 
 
 The Programme's key objectives are: 
 
- increasing awareness of business potential between the EU and Asia; 
  - facilitating opportunities for partnerships betw een companies, in particular SMEs, in 
the EU and Asia; 
  
- reinforcing institutional capacity and ne tworking of business intermediaries; 
  - enhancing Asian private sector developmen t and the capacity for an international 
business strategy; 
  
- improving the export capabilities and foreign dir ect investment (FDI) prospects of the 
less prosperous countries in Asia. 
                                                     
 
1 Singapore;  Brunei;  Hong Kong, China;  and Macao, China undert akings may be considered as 
participants.  However organizations from these territori es should carry their own costs regarding the activities 
in which they participate . IP/C/W/412/Add.5 
Page 22  
 
  
 Within the framework of the Commission's efforts to promote and encourage technology transfer, the following objectives may be indirect ly addressed by the Asia-Invest Programme as it 
supports business cooperation between the EU and Asia:   
Objective 1
:  to promote projects such as direct investment, licensing, franchising, sub-
contracting, etc. by supporting partnership building opportunities between EU and Asian companies; 
 Objective 2
:  to improve access to available techniques, standards and business processes 
through capacity-building of Asia n business intermediaries, including 
Chambers of Commerce and other business organizations in Asia; 
 Objective 4
:  to provide training in technolog y management and production methods 
through technical assistance to groups of Asian companies; 
 
Objective 5 :  more directly, to improve the ab sorption capacity of LDCs through business 
missions, technical assistance and institu tional building projects with higher 
levels of co-financing. 
 
• Type of technology transferred: 
  Further to the Programme's overall aim to in crease trade and investment flows between the 
EU and Asia, it supports projects under the following areas of activity, which ma y involve the transfer 
of technological know-how:   
-  multilateral business to business match- making opportunities for EU and Asian 
companies to identify potential partners;  
-  Asian private sector support through the tr ansfer of skills and know-how and market 
research to assist companies in internationalising their business strategy;  
-  institutional support to enhance the capacity of intermediary organizations, extending 
opportunities for trade and investment to a wider number of companies (personnel 
exchange, networking and dialogue on how b est to represent the needs of companies). 
 
• Functioning in practice: 
 
 The Programme is market-driven and grants are awarded on a co-financing basis, following a 
Call for Proposals, to high-quality proposals submitted  by intermediary organizations as applicants. 
Projects are implemented in partnership between intermediaries from at least  one of the EU Member 
States and at least one of the eligible Asian count ries, to help the companies they represent improve 
the prospect of building partnerships  to internationalise their business. 
  Fully funded events and market studies are initiated by the Commission through separate award procedures, provided as a service contract further to a Call for Tender. 
  
 The Programme also supports activities and pr ovides higher levels of  financial support to 
those less prosperous countries in Asia, as well in those who did not benefit from the Programme 
under the first phase, where new opportunities are developing.
2 
 
                                                      
2Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Cambodia, East Timor, Lao PDR, Nepal, Indonesia and Pakistan 
  IP/C/W/412/Add.5 
 Page 23 
 
 
 1.  Business to business match-making opport unities and partnershi p building activities  
 
• Asia Venture  Small scale business missions and flexible business encounters for 
LDCs 
• Asia Enterprise  Medium scale sector-specific a nd multi-sector business to business 
encounters to help EU and Asian companies to find partners 
• Asia Partenariat  Large scale multi-sector match-making business meetings in Asia 
to facilitate partnerships between  European and Asian companies 
 
 2.  Capacity building and research activities to  enhance Asia private sector development
 
 
 
• Asia-Invest 
Technical Assistance  Capacity building for companies in Asia to prepare for 
international cooperation, invol ving the transfer of know-how, 
information on market access conditions in the EU, quality support and strengthening links to European companies 
• Asia-Invest Trade 
and Investment Facilitation 
Studies  Market research activities to pr ovide business intermediaries and 
companies with in-depth analyses of the business environment and 
opportunities available in Asian countries, , in particular in LDCs 
 
 
3. Networking activities for increasing institutional capacity and dialogue  
  
• Asia-Invest 
Alliance  Capacity building and networki ng for intermediaries in Asia 
involving the transfer of know-how, business partners search, information linkages and personne l exchange with European 
counterparts 
 
• Asia-Invest 
Forum  Workshops and conferences involvi ng intermediaries exchanging 
best practice and experiences with public authorities and the private 
sector 
 
• Examples of ongoing/implemented projects: 
 
-  Transfer of know-how on jute product development to a group of Bangladeshi 
companies and professionals, and training in order to disseminate the use of new techniques.  Lead applicant: Bangladesh Ju te Research Institute. EC contribution: 
€120,000.  Start date: 24 June 2001.  Duration: 18 months. 
 
-  Series of trainings to improve the comp etitiveness of the carpet industry in Nepal, 
focusing on product development, product d esign, production quality, marketing and 
partnership building. Lead applicant: Centra l Carpet Industries Association, Nepal.  
EC contribution: €120,000.  Start date : 11 April 2002.  Duration: 30 months. 
 IP/C/W/412/Add.5 
Page 24  
 
 -  A networking conference with workshops , the Asia-Invest Networking Conference, 
was held in Beijing on 5 November 2002, wh ich served as a platform for networking 
and dialogue in the field of business cooperation between business representatives from EU and Asian countries.  100 private and public authorities discussed strategies to promote EU-Asia private sector partnership building and covered the themes of 
globalisation and relationship building.  The next Asia-Invest Forum 2003 will take 
place in Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam from 30-31 October. 
 -  Guidebooks for European Investors in Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, Nepal, Viet Nam and 
India, providing accurate and detailed inform ation to potential investors about business 
opportunities in each country, including sector profiles.  New studies under preparation 
include New Opportunities for EU Investors in the ASEAN area and Guidebooks for EU Investors in Pakistan and Cambodia. 
 
• Contact: 
  Asia-Invest   
 EuropeAid Co-operation Office / European Commission  1049 Brussels  Belgium   Tel:  +32 2 295 9515   / Fax:  +32 2 296 5833  Email:  europeaid-asia-invest@cec.eu.int
  
 Web site:  www.europa.eu.int/comm/europeaid/projects/asia-invest    IP/C/W/412/Add.5 
 Page 25 
 
 
 EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES 
  
N
AME OF THE PROGRAMME /INCENTIVE :  EC-ASEAN  - ENERGY FACILITY  
• General description: 
 
 Stimulation of regional energy projects, which have regional dimension in ASEAN and 
European added value, along the following lines:  
-  increasing the security of energy supply in ASEAN and the EU; -  increasing economic exchanges between th e EU and ASEAN in the energy sector; 
-  contributing to the improvement of local and global environment; 
-  facilitating the implementation of the ASEAN Plan of Action for Energy Co-operation 
1999-2004; 
-  institutional development; -  stronger linkages between the EU and ASEAN private and public energy actors; 
-  promoting to the regulatory frameworks conducive to investment in regional energy 
projects; 
-  raising awareness of Euro pean technology solutions. 
 
• Beneficiary countries: 
 
 ASEAN Countries except Myanmar  
 
• Objective(s) and type(s) of incentives given: 
 
 Objective 1
: promote projects such as direct investment, licensing, franchising, sub-
contracting, etc., through non-financia l incentives (support to national and third 
country firms identifying potential partners - advice, contacts, etc.); 
 
Objective 2 : improve access to available techniques and industrial processes; 
 Objective 4
: provide training in technology management and production methods; 
  
Objective 5 : capacity building; 
  Objective 6
: encourage trade in technological goods. 
 
•  Eligible enterprises or institutions: 
  Public or private non-profit organizations or other organizations taking up the project on a 
non-profit basis. 
 
•  Type of technology transferred: 
  Supply of European energy technology to the ASEAN Full Scale Demonstration Projects in 
the fields of electricity, natural gas, clean coal t echnology, energy efficiency and renewable energies. 
 
•  Functioning in practice: 
 
 Projects are selected through the Call for Proposal mechanism. IP/C/W/412/Add.5 
Page 26  
 
  
•  Examples of ongoing/implemented projects: 
 
 First call for proposals failed to produce any fu ll scale demonstration project, though all other 
facilities in the call had favourable results with 17 projects endorsed for Commission financing. 
Examples of endorsed projects are "Study Tour  and Workshop on Power Cooling in EU/Mekong" 
(main applicant Electricite du Cambodge - countries for implementation:  Cambodia, Thailand), Rural 
Electrification - decentralised Energy options (main applicant Innovation Energie Development, France - countries for implementation:  Cambodia, Vi et Nam, Lao PDR) and "Role of Regulators and 
regulatory framework in ASEAN" (main applicant: Dept of Energy, the Philippines - country of 
implementation:  Intra ASEAN, the Philippines).  
•  Statistics on the use of the incentive/on the number of  supported projects: 
  First call for proposals failed to produce any full scale demonstration projects.  Contracts for 
other projects from the 2002 Call are being finalised.  Special emphasis was put on promoting applications for Full Scale Demonstration Projects for the second call, closed in October 2003.  
The EC Allocation is €18 m illion for the years 2002-2007. 
 
•  Contact:  
 
 Mr Pekka Skyttä, EU Co-Director of the Programme 
 Tel. +62-21-527-9332  Fax.  +62-21-527-9350  IP/C/W/412/Add.5 
 Page 27 
 
 
 EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES 
 
NAME OF THE PROGRAMME /INCENTIVE :  EC-ASEAN  COGENERATION PROGRAMME  PHASE III 
• General description: 
   
 The purpose of the programme is to enhan ce the use of co-generation technologies in 
ASEAN, and in particular:  
-   to contribute to increased economic activities between the EU and ASEAN in the 
energy sector; 
-   to strengthen the security of energy supply in ASEAN and the EU; 
-   to protect global environment; 
-   to raise awareness of proven, clean and efficient energy technologies from the EU and 
to increase awareness in the EU of market opportunities in ASEAN; 
-   to adapt institutional frameworks in order to promote technology exchanges and 
investment; 
-   to support energy companies by m obilising the EU and ASEAN investors and 
operators. 
 
• Beneficiary countries: 
 
ASEAN countries except Myanmar  
 
• Objective(s) and types of incentives given: 
 
 Objective 1
: promote projects such as direct investment, licensing, franchising, sub-
contracting, etc., through non-financia l incentives (support to national and third 
country firms identifying potential partners - advice, contacts, etc.); 
 
Objective 2 :  improve access to available techniques and industrial processes; 
 Objective 4
: provide training in technology management and production methods; 
 Objective 5
: capacity building; 
 
Objective 6 : encourage trade in technological goods. 
 
•  Eligible enterprises or institutions: 
  Public or private non-profit organizations or  other organizations taking up the project on a 
non-profit basis.  
•  Type of technology transferred: 
  Supply of European co-generation technol ogy to the ASEAN Full Scale Demonstration 
Projects.  
•  Functioning in practice: 
 
 Projects are selected through the Call for Proposal mechanism. IP/C/W/412/Add.5 
Page 28  
 
  
•  Statistics on the use of the incentive / on the number of  supported projects: 
 
 24 Full Scale Demonstration Projects (EC contribution €6.8 million) have been approved 
representing wide variety of fuels, European tec hnology suppliers and ASEAN countries, but grants 
are yet to be signed.  The total EC allocati on for the programme is €25 million for the years 2002-
2004.  
•  Examples of ongoing /implemented projects: 
  Earlier phases I and II have implemented demonstration projects in Cogeneration. 
 
•  Contact:  
 
 Dr Ludovic Lacrosse, Programme Co-ordin ator - Asian Institute of Technology 
 Tel.  +66-2-524-8302  Fax. +66-2-524-5396 
  IP/C/W/412/Add.5 
 Page 29 
 
 
 MEMBER STATES 
 
FRANCE 
 
NAME OF THE PROGRAMME /INCENTIVE :  DEVELOPMENT RESEARCH INSTITUTE (IRD) 
 
•  General description: 
 
 The IRD is a public science and technology r esearch institute.  In addition to conducting 
research and providing expertise, the IRD pursues a policy of research capacity-building among its 
scientific partners in the countries of the South (Department of Support and Training for Scientific 
Communities of the South – DSF). 
 
•  Beneficiary countries: 
 
 The beneficiary countries are the IRD's scientific  partner countries.  They are located in the 
inter-tropical zone:  French speaking sub-Sa haran Africa and Madagascar, Maghreb, Andean 
America, Caribbean, and South-East Asia.  They ar e developing countries, for the most part LDCs.  
Some emerging countries are also involved:  Brazil, Mexico, India, etc.  
•  Objective(s) and type(s) of incentive given: 
 
 Objective 2
: training in scientific methods or techniques that are not available in a 
number of developing countries:  biotechnology, genomics, GIS, etc.; 
 
 Objectives 3 and 5 : support for joint research projects and inter-institutional cooperation: 
  - support for joint research projects between public partners;   - training in scientific research:  traini ng of human resources (PhD, further training, 
mobility grants); 
 
 - support for research teams in the devel oping countries through partnership with 
French research teams, with a view to integrating researchers from the South in 
international research networks; 
 
 - support for research groups in the countries of the South with a view to consolidating 
their scientific research capacity and making it more sustainable; 
  - support for training:  university training, summer schools, methodological seminars, 
thematic networks, etc. 
 
•  Eligible enterprises or institutions: 
 
 - first and foremost, public scientific inst itutions (universities and research institutes) 
located in the countries of the South; 
 
 - association conducting scientific research located in the countries of the South; 
  - all research institutions (national, regi onal or international) working on development-
related scientific matters in the countries of the South. 
 IP/C/W/412/Add.5 
Page 30  
 
 •  Type of technology transferred: 
 
 Not specified. 
 
•  Functioning in practice: 
 
 Great variety of projects:  no prior selection – projects are selected according to the qualifications of the persons i nvolved and how they match the n eeds of the partner scientific 
institutions (LDCs and emerging countries). 
 
•  Examples of implemented projects: 
  - Seminar on the maintenance of scientific equipment in Central Africa (March 2002); 
  - Summer school on biotechnologies in Senegal;   - Regular invitations to apply for individual fellowships; 
 
 - Regular invitations to research groups to apply for support.  
•  Statistics on the number of supported projects: 
 
 In 2002, all support went to researchers or re search teams from th e least-developed or 
emerging countries.   Individual support:  
 - 182 thesis fellowships; 
  - 46 further training fellowships (training in methods or techniques);   - 95 scientific exchange fellowships to help researchers from the South to integrate into 
the international research networks. 
  Support for teams or institutions:  networks, schools, summer schools, etc:   - 21 research teams associated with IRD research units; 
 
 - 33 teams supported for the purposes of research capacity building;   - 83 scientific partnership projects betwee n teams from the North and teams from the 
developing countries; 
 
 - 10 operations aimed at supporting various efforts to structure research:  seminars, 
summer schools, etc. 
  IP/C/W/412/Add.5 
 Page 31 
 
 
 •  Contact: 
 
Département Soutien et formation d es communautés scientifiques du Sud, 
Institut de recherche pour le développement 
Director:  H. de Tricornot 
  dsf@ird.paris.fr
 
 www.ird.fr  IP/C/W/412/Add.5 
Page 32  
 
 FRANCE 
 
NAME OF THE PROGRAMME :  OPTIMA  
 
•  General description: 
 
 The Ministry of Agriculture, Food, Fisheri es and Rural Affairs (MAAPAR) set up a trust fund 
in support of the development of business part nerships under the auspices of UNIDO.  The 
programme sets out to develop the technology of French operato rs and to encourage alliances, 
partnerships and investment oppor tunities with foreign companies. 
 
•  Beneficiary countries: 
  OPTIMA focuses on the following countries:  Alge ria, Brazil, China, India, Iran, Tanzania 
and Tunisia.   However, LDCs other than Tanzania are eligible pending examination of their case. 
 
•  Objective(s) and type(s) of incentive given: 
 
 Objective 1
: To promote projects such as direct investment, licensing, franchising, 
subcontracting, etc. by: 
 
  - non-financial incentives:  support for national enterprises in identifying 
potential partners (advice, contacts, etc.); 
   - financial incentives:  financ ing or conducting surveys of domestic 
companies. 
 
 Objective 6
: To encourage trade in technological goods. 
 
•  Eligible enterprises or institutions: 
 
 Any French private enterprise wishing to devel op a partnership with an enterprise located in 
one of the target countries.  
•  Type of technology transferred: 
 
 - primary sector technologies (agriculture, fisheries, forestry);   - downstream processing and conve rsion (food, agro-industry); 
 
 - technologies and related activities (e quipment manufacturers, laboratories, 
biotechnologies). 
 
•  Functioning in practice: 
 
 OPTIMA may grant financial aid to the tune of €6,000 to €10,000 for expert missions abroad 
in connection with partnership feasibility studies or  in the framework of inter-company cooperation 
(in the form of alliances, technological agreements, or "guilds").   IP/C/W/412/Add.5 
 Page 33 
 
 
  This support does not cover the first trip of the French company.  It is given in proportion to 
the terms of reference and direct costs of the mission, which are prepared and evaluated in cooperation with the UNIDO service in France.  
•  Examples of implemented projects: 
 
 - Business plan for the setting up of a factory for processing coconut fibre;   - Joint venture between laboratories for food inspection and certification; 
 
 - Transfer of technology for the production of stewed fruit and pulp for industry.  
•  Statistics on the use of the incentive/the number of supported projects: 
 
 Since 1997, some 30 French and foreign ente rprises have benefited from this programme. 
 
•  Contact: 
 
 Contact "Entreprises"  Yves Darricau, Deputy Director   Service de l'ONUDI en France  9, rue Notre-Dame-Des-Victoires 
 75001 Paris 
 France  IP/C/W/412/Add.5 
Page 34  
 
 FRANCE 
 
NAME OF THE PROGRAMME :  IFREMER (FRENCH RESEARCH INSTITUTE FOR EXPLOITATION OF 
THE SEA ) COOPERATION IN SCIENCE AND MARINE TECHNIQUES  
 
•  General description: 
 
 Technical and scientific cooperation activities in  the fisheries and marine aquaculture sector. 
 
•  Beneficiary countries: 
 
 LDCs:  Mauritania, Angola, Eritrea, Senegal;  Others:  Uruguay. 
 
•  Objective(s) and type(s) of incentives given: 
 
 Objective 1
: to promote projects such as direct investment, licensing, franchising, 
subcontracting, etc., by providing suppor t to third countries (advice, contacts, 
etc.); 
  Objective 3
: to support for joint research projects between public partners; 
 
 Objective 4 : to provide training in technology management and production methods. 
 
•  Eligible enterprises or institutions:  
 
 Institutions, States, universities. 
 
•  Type of technology transferred:  
 
 Management of fisheries, aquacultural research, training and participation in seminars on the 
maritime professions. 
 
•  Functioning in practice: 
  Upon request, financed by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. 
 
•  Examples of projects: 
  Management of fisheries stocks (Africa). 
  IP/C/W/412/Add.5 
 Page 35 
 
 
 •  Contact: 
 
 Ifremer 
 Direction Europe et International 
 155 rue Jean Jacques Rousseau  92138 Issy les Moulineaux Cedex  France  Tel:  01 46 48 21 80  Fax :  01 46 48 21 88 
 IP/C/W/412/Add.5 
Page 36  
 
 FRANCE 
 
NAME OF THE PROGRAMME :  TECHNICAL COOPERATION BY THE MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE , 
FOOD , FISHERIES AND RURAL AFFAIRS (MAAPAR ) 
 
•  General description: 
 
 Funding of technical cooperation activities in the agricultural sector.  
•  Beneficiary countries: 
 
 Over 30 countries have benefited from MAAPAR  cooperation activities in 2002.  The LDCs 
are eligible for this programme on the same basis as the developing countries.  The LDCs that 
benefited from the programme in 2002 were:  Mali,  Senegal, Mauritania, Madagascar, Burkina Faso, 
Benin, Togo, and Cambodia.  Regional ac tivities were also conducted in Africa. 
 
•  Objective(s) and type(s) of incentives given: 
 
 Objective 2
: to improve access to available techniques and industrial processes:  access to 
 sources of legal and technological information, training in the state of the art; 
  Objective 3
: to support for joint research projects between public partners; 
 
 Objective 4 : to provide training in technology management and production methods. 
 
•  Eligible enterprises or institutions: 
  Any enterprise or institution, inter alia :  government bodies, professional organizations, 
private enterprises.  
•  Type of technology transferred:  
 
 The range is very broad:   - management of irrigation networks;  
 - training of veterinary inspectors; 
  - technical training (bakery, cereal and oilseed farming practices, etc.);   - standardization/certification of fruit and vegetables;  
 - forest management; 
  - improvement of the quality of dairy products;   - development of geographical indications. 
 
•  Functioning in practice: 
 
 Priorities are identified by the relevant French bodies and the MAAPAR on the basis of 
demand as identified by the economic missions of the French embassies.  The economic missions are  IP/C/W/412/Add.5 
 Page 37 
 
 
 in direct contact with the local authorities and with professionals on the spot, and are therefore in a 
better position to define the sectors in which Fr ench expertise would be most appreciated. 
 
•  Examples of projects: 
 
 - Training/participation in a seminar on the bakery professions in Mali;   - Round table on fisheries, processing of ma rine products in Sene gal and Mauritania. 
 
•  Statistics on the use of the incentives/on the number of supported projects:  
 
 The programme is funded to the tune of €2.3 million per year and is implemented by some 
30 MAAPAR officials.  It also relies on the par ticipation of French economic missions abroad. 
 
•  Contact: 
 
 Service des Relations Internationales 
 Direction des Politiques Economiques et Internationales 
 Ministère de l'Agriculture de l'Alimenta tion de la Pêche et des Affaires Rurales 
 3, rue Barbet de Jouy  75007 Paris  France IP/C/W/412/Add.5 
Page 38  
 
 FRANCE 
 
NAME OF THE PROGRAMME /INCENTIVE :  SUPPORT FOR THE INTRO DUCTION OF RURAL TRAINING  
 
•  General description: 
 
 - Organization of training in the agronomic area (breeding of ovines, caprines, bovines, 
etc., fish breeding, vegetable and fruit cultivation, agricultural water management, 
organic agriculture);   
 
 - support for the setting up of rural training systems (initial training, further training, 
alternating school/enterprise training), bringing training into line with employment. 
 
•  Beneficiary countries: 
 
 More than 30 countries have benefited fro m the cooperation activities of the Directorate-
General for Education and Research (DGER) in 2 002, including a number of developing countries 
(inter alia  South Africa, Brazil, Cuba, Guatemala, Le banon, Morocco, Nicaragua, Peru, Tunisia and 
Vietnam) and the following LDCs:  Burkina Faso, Benin, Mali, Senegal, Togo, Cambodia. 
 
•  Objective(s) and type(s) of incentives given: 
  Objective 2
: To improve access to available techniques and industrial processes: 
   - access to legal and technological information sources;    - creation of information centres;  
  - state of the art training; 
   - organization of training systems (basic training and post-school training).   Objective 3
: To support joint research projects: 
 
  - support for joint research projects between private partners;    - support for joint research projects between public partners.   Objective 4
: To provide training in technology management and production methods. 
 
 Objective 5 : Capacity building. 
 
•  Eligible enterprises or institutions:  
 
 Training centres, public or private.  
•  Type of technology transferred: 
 
 The sectors concerned include:   - agricultural water management;   IP/C/W/412/Add.5 
 Page 39 
 
 
  - development of aquaculture; 
  - organization of training for "agricultural technicians";   - environmental protection; 
 
 - conversion to organic agriculture;   - techniques for diversification of ag ricultural production (multifunctionality); 
 
 - development of rural tourism (multiple activities); 
  - processing and preservation of food products:  milk, meat, etc. (agri-food industries); 
  - tropical veterinary services (parasitology, optimization of livestock feed, selection of 
species and adaptation to surroundings, etc.); 
  - training of trainers, assistance in draw ing up frames of reference for professions, 
training and evaluation. 
 
•  Function in practice: 
 
 Requests are gathered by the DGER's geographi cal network, groups of technical and higher 
agronomic and veterinary training establishments which cooperate on a permanent basis with the 
countries concerned. 
 
•  Examples of implemented projects: 
 
 - Training of aquaculture technicians in Mali and Burkina Faso; 
 
 - Reorientation from export crops towards food crops (Cuba);   - Renewal of the rural training structure in Benin.  
•  Statistics on the use of the incentive/on the number of supported projects: 
 
 The projects are co-financed by the territorial  communities, the French  Ministry of Foreign 
Affairs, and the professional agricultural organi zations (Agriculteurs Français et développement 
international – AFDI, chambers of agriculture). 
 
•  Contact:  
 
 Bureau de la Coopération Inte rnationale (Michel Charlot) 
 1ter avenue de Lowendal 
 75700 Paris 07 SP  France  fopdac.bci@educagri.fr
 
 http://www.educagri.fr/reseaux/resgeo/presreseaux.htm  
 
 IP/C/W/412/Add.5 
Page 40  
 
 FINLAND 
 
 Foreword:  
 
 Technology transfer to developing countries is promoted and encouraged through various 
programmes and activities by the Government of Fi nland.  Some of these programmes are directly 
planned to encourage Finnish companies to invest in developing countries, to enter into cooperation 
with companies in these countries or to participate in other means in industrial and technological projects.  Some programmes promote technology transf er more or less indirectly, though.  The latter 
group of programmes includes, for example, contribu tions to multilateral assi stance funds within the 
framework of the United Nations, the Worl d Bank Group and the European Communities.   Finnish 
bilateral development cooperation programmes include a number of projects with components aiming 
at promotion of technology transfer to developing countries . 
 
  IP/C/W/412/Add.5 
 Page 41 
 
 
 FINLAND 
  
N
AME OF THE PROGRAMME /INCENTIVE :  THE ECONOMICAL , INDUSTRIAL AND TECHNOLOGICAL 
APPROPRIATION  
• General description: 
 
 Economical, industrial and technological coopera tion projects are being subsidised with the 
so-called EIT appropriation (TTT in Finnish).  The EI T appropriation is administered by the Ministry 
for Foreign Affairs in Finland.  
 
•  Beneficiary countries: 
 
 For example the following countries have en tered into contract for EIT appropriation: 
Algeria, Cuba, Ethiopia, Indonesia, Iraq, Iran, Li bya, Malaysia, Peru, Suda n, Tanzania, Thailand, 
Viet Nam. 
 
•  Objective(s) and type(s) of incentive given: 
 
 Objective 1 :  promote projects such as direct investment, licensing, franchising, sub-
contracting, etc., through the financing or insuring of prospective activities. 
 
•  Eligible enterprises or institutions: 
  The EIT appropriation can be applied for by Fi nnish companies, institutions or associations. 
However, the applicants are in most cases expect ed to be already in close collaboration with 
companies or institutions in the recipient country.  Furthermore, the Ministry for Foreign Affairs may grant EIT appropriations also for such studies thro ugh which Finland and a developing country seek 
to identify and develop new conc rete cooperation projects to be implemented by their respective 
companies, organizations or corporations. 
 
•  Type of technology transferred:  
  Not specified. 
 
•  Functioning in practice: 
 
 As a rule, EIT appropriations are not supposed to  cover more than 50% of the total costs of 
the projects concerned.  However, in some cases th e percentage can be higher.  The remaining costs 
are to be borne by other financ ing sources, mostly by the applicants themselves and their potential 
cooperation partners in Finland and in  the developing countries in question. 
 
•  Examples of ongoing/implemented projects: 
 
-  Power transmission connection; preliminary planning (Ethiopia, Sudan) 
- Start-up of exports of solar power devices; mapping of su itability (Tanzania) IP/C/W/412/Add.5 
Page 42  
 
 •  Contact : 
 
 Ministry for Foreign Affairs  Division for the Americas, Asia and Oceania (co-ordination) and 
 desk officers in regional departments  P.O. Box 176  00161 Helsinki  tel. +358-9-16005   IP/C/W/412/Add.5 
 Page 43 
 
 
 FINLAND 
  
N
AME OF THE PROGRAMME /INCENTIVE :  FINNFUND  INVESTMENT SCHEMES  
• General description: 
 
Finnfund (Finnish Fund for Industrial Co-operati on Ltd.) is a state-owned investment finance 
corporation and it exists to finance enterprises in emerging countries.  Finnfund is a member of 
European Development Finance Institution, an allia nce of European development finance companies. 
 
• Beneficiary countries: 
  
 Not specific to LDCs 
 
• Objectives and type(s) of incentives given:  
 
Objective 1 : to promote projects such as direct investment, licensing, franchising, sub-
contracting, etc:  Finnfund's objective is to promote dynamic, developing and 
innovative private enterprises thus encouraging technology transfer.  
 
•  Eligible enterprises or institutions: 
 
 The investment commitments by Finnfund involve a representative sample of Finnish high-
tech companies as well as innovative small and medium sized companies.  
•  Type of technology transferred:  
 
 Not specified 
 
•  Functioning in practice: 
  Finnfund supports industrial cooperation and technology transfer through minority shares for 
Finnish investments, guarantee arrangements and l ong-term credits for Finnish companies.  In 
addition to financing it offers a wide range of fund management and advisory services. 
   Finnfund also co-finances training of pers onnel and management in developing country 
companies when being a shareholder. 
 
•  Examples of ongoing/implemented projects: 
 
-  Privatisation and rehabilitation of a majo r port in Mozambique : know-how, logistics 
and equipment for operating a major port, institutional strengthening.  A special joint venture has been created for this purpose.  It involves a Nordic contractor, a British port 
operator, a Portuguese logistic company and th e public port authority in Maputo.  The 
training of the local staff is financed under an extensive World Bank loan with the aim 
to educate staff to operate a modern port business. 
 IP/C/W/412/Add.5 
Page 44  
 
 -  Telecommunication project in 12 African countries (Chad, Gabon, Burkina Faso, 
Democratic Republic of Congo, Sierra Leone, Niger, Congo Brazzaville, Uganda, 
Tanzania, Zambia, Sudan, Malawi).  Severa l independent operators intervene in this 
project of acquisition and operation of sub-Sa haran African cellular systems.  Type of 
technology concerned:  Mobile telecommuni cation infrastructure/Operating of mobile 
telecom networks, enabling na tional/international calling. 
 
• Contact: 
  
 Finnfund 
 Mr Thomas Schmidt  
 Ratakatu 27, 00120 Helsinki, Finland  
 Thomas.Schmidt@finnfund.fi
 
 
  IP/C/W/412/Add.5 
 Page 45 
 
 
 GERMANY 
  
N
AME OF THE PROGRAMME /INCENTIVE :  DEG  - DEUTSCHE INVESTITIONS - UND ENTWICKLUNGS -
GESELLSCHAFT MB H 
• General description: 
 
 DEG is a special financial institution that suppor ts private sector development in developing 
and transition countries by providing financial support and advice for long-term investments of 
private enterprises.  
• Beneficiary countries: 
 
 All developing countries (incl. LDCs) and transition countries.  
 
• Objective(s) in terms of technology transfer: 
  
Objective 1
: promote projects such as direct investment, licensing, franchising, 
sub-contracting, etc., through: 
 
Non-financial incentives:  
Support to national firms identifying potential partners (advice, contacts, etc.)  
Financial incentives to national firms:
 
- Financing or insuring of prospective activities;  - Loans; - Equity and mezzanine finance.  Financial incentives to third country firms:
 
- Financing or insuring of prospective activities; 
- Loans; - Guarantee of loans; - Equity participation; - Mezzanine Finance. 
 
• Eligible enterprises or institutions: 
 
 German, European companies, as well as companies in developing countries. 
 
• Type of technology transferred: 
  DEG invests in every sector, from agriculture to infrastructure, including manufacturing and 
the services sector.  A focus is on investments in regional financial markets in order to facilitate 
reliable access to capital locally.  
• Functioning in practice:  
 
 Companies submit their business and project plans. Decisions are made by credit committees 
at DEG. IP/C/W/412/Add.5 
Page 46  
 
 •  Examples of ongoing/implemented projects: 
 
 Financing extensions of production facilities.  
 
 DEG portfolio in LDCs and areas of activity (as at 31 December 2002):  
 
Burundi:   
Congo, Dem. 
Rep.:   Guinea:  
Lesotho: 
 Liberia:  Malawi: 
 
Mali:  Mozambique:   
 
   Rwanda: 
 
Senegal:   Somalia: 
 
Sudan:   
Development bank  
Sawmill and veneer works 
  Commercial bank  
Development bank 
 Development bank  Development bank 
 
Agricultural finance  Agriculture Aluminium smelter Citrus fruits  
Leasing 
Sugar cane Venture capital  Development bank 
 
Cement Phosphoric acid  Air travel 
 
Agricultural finance  
Tanzania:  
 
   Uganda: 
 
    
Zambia: 
    Bangladesh: 
 
    
 
 Cambodia:  Maldives: 
 
Nepal:   
Development company Hotels 
Office and shopping centre 
Telecommunications Venture capital  Development company 
Investment company 
Leasing Office and commercial letting Telecommunications  
Agriculture 
Development bank Forwarding agency Venture capital  Cement 
Cotton weaving mills (2) 
Development company Infusions Leasing Shipping company 
Sportswear 
 Microfinance  Commercial bank 
 
Hydroelectric power station 
  
•  Statistics on the use of the incentive / on the number of supported projects: 
 
 At the end of 2002 the DEG was represented in a total of 19 of the 49 LDCs.  Its financial 
commitments in respect of investments in 43 bu sinesses (including finance sector projects) totalled 
€214.4 million; €165.1 million went  to 32 undertakings in 15 Afri can countries and €49.3 million to 
11 undertakings in four Asian countries.  The amo unt of finance going to LDCs represented 9% of 
DEG's total business. 
  IP/C/W/412/Add.5 
 Page 47 
 
 
 • Contact and information:  
 
DEG - Deutsche Investitions- und  Entwicklungsgesellschaft mbH P. O. Box 45 03 40 
50878 Cologne, Germany 
Telephone: + 49 221 / 49 86 - 0 Fax: + 49 221 / 49 86 – 290 E-Mail: info@deginvest.de
   
Internet: http://www.deginvest.de  IP/C/W/412/Add.5 
Page 48  
 
 GERMANY 
  
N
AME OF THE PROGRAM / INCENTIVE :  KFW  -  PUBLIC -PRIVATE –PARTNERSHIP -FACILITY  
• General description: 
 
 The resources of the Federal Ministry of  Economic Co-operation and Development (BMZ) 
are used by the KfW PPP Facility to support priv ate sector commitments involving the purchase, 
building and/or operation of infrastructure projects in developing countries, considered worthy of 
promotion from a development policy point of view, and intended to improve the economic and social 
infrastructure.  Here the facility assumes part of the risk of German undertakings (developers and 
operators of projects) in respect of the costs of preparing a private sector commitment. 
  This risk sharing takes the form of refunding part of any costs incurred in respect of such 
preparations where a commitment under considerat ion fails.  An example is making an unsuccessful 
bid in an international tender.  Another reason for a project not coming about may be that the results 
of the detailed feasibility study showed that implem entation by the private sector would not be very 
profitable. 
 
• Beneficiary countries : 
  Selected developing countries, including all LDCs.  
 
• Objective(s) and type(s) of incentives given: 
 
 Objective 1
: promote projects such as direct investment, licensing, franchising, 
sub-contracting, etc., through financial incentives to national firms:  Financing 
or insuring of prospective activities, insurance coverage of economic risk. 
 
Objective 3 : support joint research projects betw een private and public partners. 
 
•  Eligible enterprises or institutions: 
  European enterprises. 
 
•  Type of technology transferred: 
  Technology related to infrastructure project. 
 
•  Functioning in practice: 
 
 Companies apply for cooperation and KfW ch ecks eligibility and approves if project 
application is according to guidelines.   
•  Examples of ongoing/implemented projects: 
  Feasibility studies 
  IP/C/W/412/Add.5 
 Page 49 
 
 
 •  Statistics on the use of the incentive / on the number of  supported projects: 
 
  Four projects in 2002 
 
• Contact:  
 
Kreditanstalt für Wiederaufbau (KfW) Palmengartenstrasse 5-9 D – 60325 Frankfurt Tel. +49-69-7431-4327 
Fax. +49-69-7431-2218 
e-mail : Annika.Frank@kfw.de IP/C/W/412/Add.5 
Page 50  
 
 GERMANY 
  
N
AME OF THE PROGRAMME /INCENTIVE :  STIFTUNG FÜR WIRTSCHAFTLICHE ENTWICKLUNG UND 
BERUFLICHE QUALIFIZIERUNG (SEQUA).   PARTNERSHIP PROGRAMME  
• General description: 
  
 The partnership program supports cooperati on projects between German chambers and 
associations that play an important role for the development of small and medium enterprises.  The partnership programme supports activities for ne w and better services for small and medium 
enterprises and interest representation for a better policy environment. 
 
 Approximately € 7.5 Million per annum. 
 
• Beneficiary countries: 
 
 Selected developing countries, including all LDCs.  
 
•  Objective(s) in terms of technology transfer: 
 
 Objective 1
: promote projects such as direct investment, licensing, franchising, sub-
contracting, etc., through  incentives to third country firms:  these firms receive 
advice/training in different fields relevant for technology transfer (i.e. intercultural training, international markets, export and import, international contracts, technical training and advice, etc.); 
 Objective 2
: improve access to available techniques and industrial processes: 
 
 - Access to legal and technological information sources,  - Creation of information centres,  - Training in the state of the art;  
Objective 4
: provide training in technology management and production methods; 
 Objective 5
: capacity building. 
•  Eligible enterprises or institutions: 
 
 German chambers and associations and si milar business organizations from developing 
countries.  
 
•  Type of technology transferred: 
 
 Technical training and advice (international markets, import and e xport, international 
contracts, intercultural training, etc.) 
 
•  Functioning in practice: 
 
 German chambers submit proposals about possi ble cooperation in developing countries to the 
BMZ.   IP/C/W/412/Add.5 
 Page 51 
 
 
 •  Statistics on the use of the incentive / on the number of  supported projects: 
 
 The project portfolio consists of more than  40 partnership programmes with chambers of 
commerce. 
 
• Contact :  
 
Stiftung für wirtschaftliche Entwicklung und berufliche Qualifizierung (SEQUA) 
Mozartstrasse 4-10 D – 53115 Bonn 
Tel. +49-228-98238-0 
Fax. +49-228-98238-19 oder –29 e-mail : info@sequa.de 
 IP/C/W/412/Add.5 
Page 52  
 
 GERMANY 
  
N
AME OF THE PROGRAMME /INCENTIVE : SCIENTIFIC -TECHNOLOGICAL CO -OPERATION 
(WISSENSCHAFTLICH -TECHNISCHE ZUSAMMENARBEIT , WTZ) 
•  General description: 
 
 General objectives are: 
 
- cooperation for the mutual benefit of both partners in joint research and education 
projects; 
- contribution to the improvement of economic  relations with the partner countries; 
- participation in multilateral networks of  research establishments and enterprises. 
 
•  Beneficiary countries: 
 
 African and Arab countries, especially Egypt, South Africa, Morocco and Tunisia, where 
special bilateral agreements exist.  
 
•  Objective(s) and type(s) of incentive given: 
 
Objective 1 :  promote projects such as direct investment, licensing, franchising, sub-
contracting, etc., through support to nati onal and third country firms identifying 
potential partners (advice, contacts, etc.) as well as financing or insuring of 
prospective activities for national firms.  Financial incentives comprise mainly travel costs to initiate joint projects be tween partners in Germany and partner 
countries; 
 
Objective 3
:  support joint research projects between  private and between public partners. 
 
•  Eligible enterprises or institutions: 
 
 Enterprises, higher education establishments, research establishments. 
 
•  Type of technology transferred: 
 
 The programme covers all research areas. T echnology development is not a condition for 
funding.  Projects are generally designed to be followed up by larger projects funded through other 
sources.  
•  Functioning in practice: 
  Applications are decided directly by the Intern ational Bureau of BMBF, in case of bilateral 
agreements jointly with the authorities in partner countries.   IP/C/W/412/Add.5 
 Page 53 
 
 
 GERMANY 
  
N
AME OF THE PROGRAMME /INCENTIVE :  PPP  FACILITY  
•  General Description: 
 
- Training and capacity building for SME promotion and vocational training; - Training and capacity building for rural development; - Technology transfer for environment improvements, renewable energy supply, 
improvements in infrastructure, water and waste management; 
- Implementation of social standards; - Implementation of eco-standards; - Aids prevention and other health care activities; - Good governance; 
- Sustainable tourism; 
- Sustainable land and forest management, including certification processes FSC; - Food quality and safety system development. 
   Duration:  since 1999.  Budget (2002-2004):  €37 million. 
 
•  Beneficiary countries: 
 
 In principle not restricted, all partner countries can be chosen. 
 
•  Objective(s) and type(s) of incentive given: 
  
 Objective 1
:  promote projects such as direct investment, licensing, franchising, sub-
contracting, etc., through non-financia l incentives: support to national and third 
country firms identifying potential partners (advice, contacts, etc.); 
  Objective 2
:  improve access to available techniques and industrial processes: access to legal 
and technological information sources, creation of information centres, training in the state of the art; 
 
Objective 4
:  provide training in technology management and production methods; 
 Objective 5
: capacity building; 
 Objective 6
: encourage trade in technological goods. 
 
•  Eligible enterprises or institutions: 
  
 European enterprises.  
•  Type of technology transferred: 
 
 Technology transfer takes place in different sectors such as waste and water management, 
production processes, energy management, etc. 
 
•  Functioning in practice: 
 
 Companies submit brief project proposals. IP/C/W/412/Add.5 
Page 54  
 
   
•  Examples of ongoing/implemented projects 
  
- Establishing education and training facilities 
- HIV-Aids awareness programmes  - Training  of suppliers  
 
•  Contact: 
 
Deutsche Gesellschaft für Technische Zusammenarbeit (GTZ) GmbH Dag-Hammerskjöld-Weg  1-5 Postfach 5180 D – 65726  Eschborn 
Phone:  +49-6196/79-0 
Fax:  +49-6196/79-11 15 Website:  http://www.gtz.de
 
   IP/C/W/412/Add.5 
 Page 55 
 
 
 GERMANY 
 
 
NAME OF THE PROGRAMME /INCENTIVE :  SENIOR EXPERTS SERVICES (SES) 
•  General description: 
 
 The Senior Experts Services (SES) is   a non-profit organization which, with the help of senior 
experts, promotes the vocational training, further education and qualifica tion of specialists and 
executives in Germany and abroad.  The main areas are technical and economic fields.  The senior 
experts' activities are oriented towards quick and pragmatic assistance on the spot, with special 
emphasis on help towards self-help, generally comb ined with the solution of pressing problems.  
  The duration of the assignments is between 2 weeks and 6 months, follow-up assignments are 
welcome. 
  
 Duration:  since 1983  Budget : €1.5 million per annum.  
•  Beneficiary countries: 
  Countries from Africa, Asia and Latin Am erica, and countries in transition.  
 
•  Objective(s) and type(s) of incentive given: 
  Objective 1
:  promote projects such as direct investment, licensing, franchising, sub-
contracting, etc., through support to nati onal and third country firms identifying 
potential partners (advice, contacts, etc.); 
 
 Objective 2 :  improve access to available techniques and industrial processes in particular : 
Access to legal and technological information sources and training in the state of the art; 
  Objective 4
:  provide training in technology management and production methods; 
 
 Objective 5 :  capacity building. 
 
•  Eligible enterprises or institutions: 
 
 SMEs   
•  Type of technology transferred : 
  Production process technologies 
 
•  Functioning in practice: 
 
 Local enterprises contact SES for assistance. 
 IP/C/W/412/Add.5 
Page 56  
 
 •  Examples of ongoing/implemented projects: 
 
 Mongolia, training in coiffeur handcraft.   
 
•  Contact: 
 
 Senior Experten Service  Buschstrasse 2, D- 53113 Bonn 
 Postfach 22 62, D- 53012 Bonn 
 Phone:  +49-228 260 900  Fax : + 49- 228 260 90 77  E-mail : ses@ses-bonn.de
 
 Website: http://www.ses-bonn.de  IP/C/W/412/Add.5 
 Page 57 
 
 
 IRELAND 
 
 
NAME OF THE PROGRAMME /INCENTIVE : COOPERATION WITH ETHIOPIA  
•  General Description: 
 
 In the framework of its partnership with Et hiopia, three capacity building projects will be 
launched in the following fields: 1) food security, 2) intermediary organizations, and 3) parliamentary. 
 
•  Beneficiary countries: 
 
 Ethiopia  
 
•  Objective(s) and type(s) of incentive given: 
 
Objective 1 :  support to firms identifying potential partners (advice, contacts, etc.); 
 
Objective 2 :  improve access to available techniques and industrial processes, provide 
opportunities for Ethiopian firms to explore examples of best practice; 
 Objective 3
:  support for joint research projects between public partners; 
 
Objective 5 :  capacity building. 
 
•  Eligible enterprises or institutions : 
 
 Not specified.  
•  Type of technology transferred: 
 
 Information technology, food security.  
•  Functioning in practice: 
 
 There is no specific procedure. Projects are decided on case by case basis by Development 
Co-operation Ireland, together with its partners.  
 
•  Example of ongoing/implemented projects: 
 
- Food Security Operational Research and Capacity Building: 
 
This project undertakes a programme of operationa l research and related capacity-building in 
Tigray and the Southern Nations, Nationalities a nd Peoples Region of Ethiopia, that is farmer-
centred and will provide the basis for a comprehensive poverty reduction, food security and 
sustainable livelihoods programme in the two regions. 
 Working with a consortium of local and interna tional research and training organizations, the 
programme partners will undertake relevant a nd appropriate research that is farmer-led, 
disseminated to all relevant st akeholders and which informs fu ture programme orientation; 
and will conduct training needs assessment for farmers, development agents, subject-matter IP/C/W/412/Add.5 
Page 58  
 
 specialists and key policy-makers in the two Regions, design and modify training materials as 
appropriate and deliver appropriate traini ng and related capacity-building activities. 
 This programme is funded by Development Co-operation Ireland and will cost €1,668,880. 
 
- Visit to Dublin by members of the Addis Ababa Chamber of Commerce: 
 
to provide an opportunity for Ethiopian entrepreneurs to shar e experiences with their Irish 
counterparts, to explore examples of best pr actice and quality standards and to develop trade 
links. This is financed by Developmen t Co-operation Ireland and will cost €22,120. 
 
- Parliament Information Technology Project:  
Project to strengthen the capacity of the Ethiopian Parliament by improving organization, access and exchange of data and information within the departments and committees of the 
Parliament and by upgrading the ability of the Parliamentary staff to provide adequate support 
and advice to Parliament.   This will involve:  
 (1) provision of a system needs analysis, to include a detailed study of requirements of all 
the components of the Parliamentary Inform ation System based on a breakdown of the 
structures of Parliament; 
  (2) completion of a conceptual systems design of the Parliamentary Information System 
components to include physical design and specifications for computer hardware and 
network components; 
  (3) implementation and supervision of the Pa rliamentary Information System, to include 
specific training of Parliamentary staff in the area of information management and information technology. 
 
This project is being co-ordinated by UNDP.  Development Co-o peration Ireland is 
contributing €186,050:  the total budget is €774,225. 
 
•  Statistics on the use of the incentive/on the number of  supported projects : 
 
 Three projects.  
 
•  Contact :  
 
 padraig.francis@iveagh.irlgov.ie   
 
 
  IP/C/W/412/Add.5 
 Page 59 
 
 
 SPAIN 
  
N
AME OF THE PROGRAMME / INCENTIVE : TECHNOLOGICAL PROMOTION PROJECTS  
•  General description: 
  These projects are intended for Spanish compani es, which wish to promote their technologies 
abroad and that hope to carry out a specifi c technology transfer project as licensers. 
 
•  Beneficiary country(ies): 
 
 Any country.  
 
•  Objective(s) and type(s) of incentive given: 
 
 Objective 1
:  promote projects such as direct investment, licensing, franchising, sub-
contracting, etc., through: 
 
  - support to national firms identifying potential partners (advice, contacts, 
etc.); 
   - financing or insuring of prospective activities and loans for national 
firms; 
 
Objective 3
: support joint research projects between private partners; 
 Objective 6
:  encourage to  trade in technological goods. 
 
•  Eligible enterprises or institutions: 
 
 These projects are only intended for Spanish companies. 
 
•  Type of technology transferred: 
 
 Anyone, except military technology. 
 
•  Functioning in practice: 
 
Zero-interest credits are provided to finance th e following types of activities:  Industrial and 
intellectual property; equivalency au thorisations and certifications that allow for internationalisation; 
the creation of prototypes for the transfer of technology and internati onal promotions; personnel 
training for the licensing company;  documents, studies and contracts; technical translations;  overseas promotional studies; legal support and the negotiation of agreements; and participation in technology 
fairs and forums. 
•  Statistics on the use of the incentive / on the number of  supported projects: 
  In 2002, 40 technological promotion projects we re approved, with a total budget of  €6.760 
thousand, of which CDTI contributed €4.060 thousa nd.  Of the 40 approved projects, 30 correspond to 
technological promotion and 10 to technology transfer.  IP/C/W/412/Add.5 
Page 60  
 
 •  Contact: 
 
 D. Francisco Gimenez-Reyna 
 Director of International programmes 
 Centre for the Development of Industrial Technology  E-Mail: dpi@cdti.es  http://www.cdti.es
  IP/C/W/412/Add.5 
 Page 61 
 
 
 SWEDEN 
  
N
AME OF THE PROGRAMME /INCENTIVE : INTERNATIONAL TRAINING PROGRAMME : 
"INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS FOR LEAST DEVELOPED COUNTRIES " 
•  General description: 
 
The Swedish International Development Co -operation Agency (SIDA) has initiated 
preparations for a new international training progra mme especially designed to meet the needs of the 
least-developed countries.  The programme is inte nded to have a broad co verage of intellectual 
property rights (IPR) and related trade policy issues.  It also covers issues related to transfer of 
technology and commercial aspects of IPR.  Thus, the programme in itself constitutes a part of an 
incentives scheme to enhance t echnology transfer to the least-developed countries. Article  66.2 has 
clearly inspired this new training programme. 
The programme is subject to final decision by SIDA and consultations with relevant 
organizations, so this information is preliminary.   
•  Beneficiary countries: 
  
Least-developed countries in accordance with th e UN definition.  Countries primarily offered 
to participate are WTO Members or Observers.  Ot her least-developed or very poor countries may be 
offered to participate depending on capacity available. 
•  Objective(s) and type(s) of incentive given: 
  Objective 2
: improve access to available techniques and industrial processes, in particular 
access to legal and technological information sources; 
 Objective 4
: training in technology management; 
 
Objective 5 :  capacity building (competency building); 
 Objective 6
:  encourage trade in technological goods. 
 
•  Eligible enterprises or institutions: 
 
From public agencies, enterprises and institutions: 
  - managers and others who are responsible for the administration of systems for the 
protection of intellectual property rights; 
  -  persons responsible for technology transfer or technology development.  
 
•  Type of technology transferred: 
 
 General. 
 
•  Functioning in practice: 
 
 Information not available yet. 
 IP/C/W/412/Add.5 
Page 62  
 
 •  Examples of ongoing/implemented projects: 
 
 Information not available yet.  
•  Statistics on the use of the incentive / on the number of supported projects: 
 
 Not available.  Instructions on reporti ng requirements for the programme have been 
suggested.  
•  Contact : 
 
 The Swedish International Develo pment Co-operation Agency (SIDA) 
 Stockholm, Sweden/ITP 
 Annelie Hartmann  www.sida.se
 
 E-mail: annelie.hartmann@sida.se , 
 Telephone: +46 8 698 5347   IP/C/W/412/Add.5 
 Page 63 
 
 
 SWEDEN 
  
N
AME OF THE PROGRAMME /INCENTIVE :  TWO STUDIES ON "INCENTIVES FOR TRANSFER OF 
TECHNOLOGY TO THE LE AST DEVELOPED COUNTRIES ".  
•  General description: 
 
Two consultancy studies:  
- A "pre-study" was mandated by the Swedish In ternational Development Co-operation Agency 
(SIDA) and the Swedish Ministry for Foreign Affairs (English version). 
The purpose was to provide a background note fo r Sweden's reports on incentives.  The study 
provided a first analysis of the interpretation of the commitment under Article 66.2.  It may not fall under the category of incentives, in the strict sense, but it was aimed at raising the 
awareness in Sweden of what kinds of meas ures may be covered by the provision.  It 
explained the uniqueness of Article 66.2 and the importance of providing concrete incentives 
for technology transfers to least-developed count ries.  The study was therefore a significant 
first step towards more conscious and deliberate Swedish measures to comply with Article 66.2.  It may therefore be seen as a first "awa reness raising incentive".  The study has been 
widely spread in the public and private sectors in Sweden.  
- The second study was mandated by SIDA and initiated as a follow-up of the pre-study.  It is 
still in a final draft stage, to be finalised in th e early autumn of 2003.  It deepens the analysis 
of the scope and modalities of incentives.  It analyses the related rules in other WTO Agreements, and the pros a nd cons of various types of incentives from trade policy, 
competition and commercial perspectives.  It in cludes the FDI aspects of technology transfer. 
It comments on the relation between home and host country incentives and policies, 
respectively, and suggests a variety of very c oncrete means of enhancing the possibilities of 
achieving sustainable technology transfer to the least-developed countries.  
The study will provide a basis for possible adju stments to currently applied incentives and the 
consideration of new ones.  Thus, the study is  deemed to be important for future Swedish 
transfer of technology incentives for the benefit of least-developed countries.  It has already 
involved a number of business organizations, sci ence and technology organizations and public 
agencies and thus contributed to the raising of awareness of these issues in Sweden.  It could 
therefore be considered as an incen tive in itself.  The intention is to follow up the study by a 
third one aimed at further identifying relevant measures already applied.  This is considered 
important not only to comply with Article 66.2 reporting requirements, but also to further 
examine, and possibly identify n eeds for adjustments to current incentives in the light of the 
present study. 
•  Beneficiary countries: 
 
 The study, like the pre-study, clearly states that the main focus of incentives provided under Article 66.2 should be to benefit the transfer of t echnology to the least-developed countries.  It also 
emphasises the importance of enhancing regional coope ration.  For example, it refers to important 
provisions of the EU-ACP Cotonou Agreement.  IP/C/W/412/Add.5 
Page 64  
 
 •  Objective(s) and type(s) of incentive given: 
 
 The study stresses and discusses all the objectives mentioned by the Commission and suggests a number of concrete means to fulfil those objectives. 
 
•  Eligible enterprises or institutions: 
 
 The study confirms the need of a broad defi nition of technology transfer, enterprises and 
institutions, the latter to cover also public agencies involved in technology transfer.   The purpose of 
this is to enhance the enabling environment of least-developed countries in order to make technology 
transfers more attractive for enterprises in Sweden (and other home countries). 
 
•  Type of technology transferred: 
 
 Not relevant.  
 
•  Functioning in practice: 
 
 It is premature to assess the practical consequences of the study.  It will depend on the nature of follow-up activities and policy decisions. 
 
•  Examples of ongoing/implemented projects: 
 
 The study has already resulted in some pre liminary initiatives to examine the possibilities of 
improving certain current measures.  It is premat ure to assess the effects in terms of initiated 
technology transfer projects.  
 
•  Statistics on the use of the incentive/on the number of supported projects: 
 
 Not relevant.  Instructions on national repor ting procedures for actual technology transfer 
projects have been suggested in the study, however. 
 
•  Contact: 
  The Swedish International Develo pment Co-operation Agency (SIDA) 
 Stockholm, Sweden  INEC/Näring  Elisabeth Löfvander  www.sida.se
 
 E-mail: elisabeth.lofvander@sida.se  
 Telephone: +46 8 698 50 77   Becker Consulting AB  Stockholm, Sweden 
 Gunnela Becker, Senior Consultant  
 www.becker-consulting.com
 
 E-mail: gunnela.becker@becker-consulting.com  
 Telephone: +46 8 590 734 37  
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