RESTRICTEDWORLD TRADE
ORGANIZATIONWT/ACC/807/8
18 December 2000
(00-5514)
Working Party on the Accession of the
Former Yugoslav Republic of MacedoniaOriginal:  English
ACCESSION OF THE FORMER YUGOSLAV REPUBLIC OF MACEDONIA
Information on Policy Measures Affecting Trade in Services
The Government of the Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia has submitted the following
information on policy measures affecting trade in services, with the request that it be circulated toWorking Party members.
_______________WT/ACC/807/8
Page 2Table 1: Measures Relating to Market Access
Modes of supply:     (1) Cross-border supply (2) Consumption abroad (3) Commercial presence (4) Presence of natural persons
Mode(s) of Supply Measures Relevant Laws and Regulations
A. HORIZONTAL
Cross Border Supply Limitation on the right to transfer abroad by Macedonian nationals foreign
currencies, except as provided in the Law on Foreign Exchange Operations.Law on Foreign Exchange Operations
(Official Gazette of the Republic of Macedonia no. 30/93)
Consumption Abroad Limitation on the right to transfer abroad by Macedonian nationals foreign
currencies, except as provided in the Law on Foreign Exchange Operations.
The amount of cash that Macedonian natural person is allowed to carry
abroad on private trips may not exceed  the equivalent of DEM1,000.00 per
trip.Law on Foreign Exchange Operations
(Official Gazette of the Republic of Macedonia no. 30/93)
Commercial Presence Foreign service provider may supply services by registering as a sole
proprietor, a trade company, or esta blish a subsidiary. A representative
office cannot conduct business operations.
Priority sectors for investment are established in the Programme for
Attracting Foreign Direct Investments in the Republic of Macedonia.Law on Trade Companies
(Official Gazette of the Republic of Macedonia no.28/96,7/97, 21/98, 37/98, 63/98, 39/99, 81/99 and 37/00)
Temporary Entry and Stay of NaturalPersonsA foreign natural person may be employed if he/she fulfils legal conditions
in force, conditions established in collective bargaining agreements, andother conditions determined by the law.  A foreign national may beemployed if he/she has an approval for temporary stay and if he/she obtains
an approval for employment issued by the Ministry of Labor and Social
Policy.  Foreigners, who come to perform professional activities justifying alonger stay in the Republic of Macedonia, may apply for  temporaryresidences.  In addition to a request for a temporary residence, a foreignnatural person must submit proof justifying the reason for submitting the
request, as well as that funds for his/her subsistence have been provided.  A
temporary residence clearance is valid for up to one year and may beextended.  A temporary residence clearance is issued by the Ministry ofInternal Affairs.    As an exception, no approval is required if a foreignerperforms the following activities and is granted temporary residence:business and technical cooperation; long-term production cooperation;
transfer of technology; and  investment of foreign capital.Law on Employment of Foreigners (Official Gazette of
the Republic of MacedoniaNo. 11/78 and 64/89)
Law on Movement and Residence of Foreigners
(Official Gazette of the Republic of Macedonia no. 36/92,66/92 and 26/93)WT/ACC/807/8
Page 3Modes of supply:     (1) Cross-border supply (2) Consumption abroad (3) Commercial presence (4) Presence of natural persons
Mode(s) of Supply Measures Relevant Laws and Regulations
B. SPECIFIC SERVICE SECTOR OR SUB-SECTOR
1. BUSINESS SERVICES
A. Professional Services
(a)  Legal services
(CPC 861)
Notary services(1) (3) (4)  Nationality Requirement
(2) Documents must be translated into Macedonian language and
certified in the Republic of Macedonia.Law on the Notary (Official Gazette of the Republic
of Macedonia no. 59/96 and 25/98)
Law on Legalization of Documents in International
Affairs (Official Gazette of the SFRY no. 6/73)
Law on Verification of Signatures, Manuscripts and
Transcriptions (Official Gazette of the Socialist
Republic of Macedonia no. 31/72)
(b) Accounting and bookkeeping
services
(CPC 86212, 86213, 86219 and8622)New Law on Accountancy is in preparation.
(b) Auditing services
(CPC 86211)(1) (2) Concluding a contract with a domestic audit company is
required. Foreign company must be registered in its own country for
providing auditing services.
(3) A foreign auditing company can establish only one auditing
company in the Republic of Macedonia.
If the foreign company is not registered in its own country for
providing auditing services, its participation in the total capital of the
new established auditing company in the Republic of Macedonia
cannot exceed 25%.
An audit company must employ at least two auditors licensed in the
Republic of Macedonia.  Ministry of Finance issues licenses to
foreign auditors after a verification procedure.
Auditing report must be officially produced by an auditing company,
not by an employed or contracted auditor as a natural person.Law on Auditing (Official Gazette of the Republic of
Macedonia no. 65/97 and 27/00)
(c) Taxation services
(CPC 863)No sector specific regulation yet.WT/ACC/807/8
Page 4Modes of supply:     (1) Cross-border supply (2) Consumption abroad (3) Commercial presence (4) Presence of natural persons
Mode(s) of Supply Measures Relevant Laws and Regulations
(d) Architectural services
(CPC 8671)
(e) Engineering services
(CPC 8672)
(f) Integrated engineering services
(CPC 8673)
(g) Urban planning and landscape
architectural services
(CPC 8674)(3) A company is required to employ a minimum of three
professionals licensed by the relevant Macedonian Ministry.Law on Landscape and Urban Planning (Official
Gazette of the Republic of Macedonia no. 4/96,8/96, 70/96, 5/97, 28/97, 18/99 and 76/99)
(h) Medical and dental services
(CPC 9312)See: 8. HEALTH RELATED AND SOCIAL SERVICES
(i) Veterinary services
(CPC 932)(3) (4) Nationality requirement. Law on Veterinarian Health (Official Gazette of the
Republic of Macedonia
no. 28/98)
(j) Services provided by midwives,
nurses, physiotherapists and
para-medical personnel
(CPC 93191)See: 8. HEALTH RELATED AND SOCIAL SERVICESWT/ACC/807/8
Page 5Modes of supply:     (1) Cross-border supply (2) Consumption abroad (3) Commercial presence (4) Presence of natural persons
Mode(s) of Supply Measures Relevant Laws and Regulations
B. Computer and Related Services
(a) Consultancy services related to
the installation of computer
hardware
(CPC 841)
(b) Software implementation
services
(CPC 842)
(c) Data processing services
(CPC 843)
(d)  Data base services
(CPC 844)
(e)  Other
(CPC 845+849)No sector specific regulation yet.
C. Research and Development
Services
(a) R&D services on natural
sciences
(CPC 851)
(b) R&D services on social
sciences and humanities
(CPC 852)
(c) Interdisciplinary R&D services
(CPC 853)(3) Approval is required, except for defence and security and
research in the field of historical and cultural identity of Macedonianpeoples and nationalities who live in the Republic of Macedonia,
where Macedonian nationality is required.
(4) As indicated in the Horizontal section, except for defence and
security and research in the field of historical and cultural identity ofMacedonian peoples and nationalities who live in the Republic of
Macedonia where Macedonian nationality is required.Law on Scientific Research (Official Gazette of the
Republic of Macedoniano. 13/96)WT/ACC/807/8
Page 6Modes of supply:     (1) Cross-border supply (2) Consumption abroad (3) Commercial presence (4) Presence of natural persons
Mode(s) of Supply Measures Relevant Laws and Regulations
D. Real Estate Services
(a) Involving own or leased
property
(CPC 821)
(b) On a fee or contract basis
(CPC 822)(1) (2) (3) (4) Measures not specified in the current le gislation. Law on the Basic Ownership Relations  (Official
Gazette of the SFRY no. 6/80, 36/90, OfficialGazette of the Republic of Macedonia no. 5/99 and
8/99)
E. Rental/Leasing Services without Operators
(a) Relating to ships
(CPC 83103)
(b) Relating to aircraft
(CPC 83104)
(c) Relating to other transport
equipment
(CPC 83101+83102+83105)
(d) Relating to other machinery and
equipment
(CPC 83106-83109)
(e) Other
CPC 832)No sector specific regulation yet.
New Law in preparation.No sector specific regulation yet.
No sector specific regulation yet.No sector specific regulation yet.WT/ACC/807/8
Page 7Modes of supply:     (1) Cross-border supply (2) Consumption abroad (3) Commercial presence (4) Presence of natural persons
Mode(s) of Supply Measures Relevant Laws and Regulations
F. Other Business Services
(a) Advertising services
(CPC 871)
(b) Market research and public
opinion  polling services(CPC 864)
(c) Management consulting service
(CPC 865)
(d) Services related to man.
consulting
(CPC 866)No sector specific regulation yet.
(e) Technical testing and analysis
services
(CPC 8676)(3) Bureau for Standardization and Metrology require its
authorization for specific services.Law on Standardization (Official Gazette of the
Republic of Macedonia no. 23/95)
Law on Measure Units and Measuring Instruments
(Official Gazette of the Republic of Macedonia no.
23/95)
Law on Control of Products Made of Precious
Metals (Official Gazette of the Republic of
Macedonia no. 23/95)
(f) Services incidental to
agriculture, hunting and forestry
(CPC 881)
(i) Agriculture (3) (4) Nationality requirement. Law on Stock Breeding (Official Gazette of the
Republic of Macedonia no. 61/97)
Law on Cooperation of Farmers (Official Gazette of
the SFRY no.43/80 and 51/88)
Law On Association and Foundations (Official
Gazette of the Republic of Macedonia no.31/98)WT/ACC/807/8
Page 8Modes of supply:     (1) Cross-border supply (2) Consumption abroad (3) Commercial presence (4) Presence of natural persons
Mode(s) of Supply Measures Relevant Laws and Regulations
(ii) Forestry (3) Activities related to forest economy are under exclusive authority
of the public company “Makedonski Sumi” (Macedonian Forests).
(3) The Public Enterprise for Fire Protection is the only authorized
institution to provide fire protection (fire fighting) services.Law on Forests (Official Gazette of the Republic of
Macedonia no. 47/97)
(iii) Hunting (3) Foreign legal entities may obtain concessions from the
Government of the Republic of Macedonia.Law on Hunting (Official Gazette of the Republic of
Macedonia no. 20/96, 26/96 and 34/97)
(g) Services incidental to fishing
(CPC 882)(3) Nationality requirement. Law on Fishing (Official Gazette of the Republic of
Macedonia no. 62/93)
(h) Services incidental to mining
(CPC 883+5115)(1) (2) (3) (4) Measures not specified in the current legislation. Law on Minerals (Official Gazette of the Republic of
Macedonia no. 18/99)
(i) Services incidental to
manufacturing
(CPC 884+885 except for88442)No specific regulation in place.
(j) Services incidental to energy
distribution
(CPC 887)(1) (2) (3) (4) Measures not specified in the current le gislation. Law on Energy (Official Gazette of the Republic of
Macedonia no. 47/97 and 40/99)
(k) Placement and supply services
of Personnel
(CPC 872)No specific regulation in place.
(l) Investigation and security
(CPC 873)(1) (3) (4) Nationality requirement. Law on Detective Activity (Official Gazette of the
Republic of Macedonia no. 80/99)
Law on Securing of People and Property (Official
Gazette of the Republic of Macedonia no. 80/99)
(m) Related scientific and technical
consulting services
(CPC 8675)(1) (2) (3) (4) Measures not specified in the current legislation. Law on Minerals (Official Gazette of the Republic of
Macedonia no. 18/99)
(n) Maintenance and repair of
equipment (not including
maritime vessels, aircraft or
other transport equipment)(CPC 633+8861-8866)No specific regulation yet in place.WT/ACC/807/8
Page 9Modes of supply:     (1) Cross-border supply (2) Consumption abroad (3) Commercial presence (4) Presence of natural persons
Mode(s) of Supply Measures Relevant Laws and Regulations
(o) Building-cleaning services
(CPC 874)
(p) Photographic services
(CPC 875)
(q) Packaging services
(CPC 876)No specific regulation yet in place
(r) Printing, publishing
(CPC 88442)(3) (4) Written contract with a domestic legal entity is required.
(4) Employment of foreigners require prior approval of  the Minister
of Culture.  The employment of foreigners in the field can continue
up to three years, and may be granted again.Law on Culture (Official Gazette of the Republic of
Macedonia no. 31/98)
(s) Convention services
(CPC 87909*)No specific regulation yet in place
2. COMMUNICATION  SERVICES
A. Postal Services
(CPC 7511)(1) (3) (4) Universal postal services are provided exclusively by the
public enterprise Macedonian Post Office.Law on Postal, Telegraphic and Telephone Services
(Official Gazette of the SFRY no. 2/86 and 26/90)
B. Courier Services1. Courier service (door to door
service)(1) (3) These services are provided exclusively by the public
enterprise Macedonian Post Office.Law on Postal, Telegraphic and Telephone Services
(Official Gazette of the SFRY no. 2/86 and 26/90)
2. Express mail services (1) (2) (3) Measures not specified in the current legislation. Law on Postal, Telegraphic and Telephone Services
(Official Gazette of the SFRY no. 2/86 and 26/90)WT/ACC/807/8
Page 10Modes of supply:     (1) Cross-border supply (2) Consumption abroad (3) Commercial presence (4) Presence of natural persons
Mode(s) of Supply Measures Relevant Laws and Regulations
C. Telecommunication services:
(for basic telecommunicationsfrom (a) to (g))
Mobile telecommunications and
Packet-switched data
transmission services
C. Telecommunication services:
(other telecommunication
services from (h) to (o))
A. Voice mail(1) (3) Macedonian Telecommunications is an exclusive provider of
services until December 31, 2005.
(1) (2) (3) (4) Measures not specified in the current legislation.
(1) (2) (3) (4) Measures not specified in the current legislation.
(1) (3) Macedonian Telecommunications is an exclusive provider of
services until December 31, 2005.Law on Telecommunications (Official Gazette of the
Republic of Macedoniano. 33/96, 17/98, 22/98 and 28/00)
D. Audiovisual services
(a) Motion picture and video tape
production and distributionservices
(CPC 96112, 96113 and 96114)
(b) Motion picture projection
services
(CPC 96121 and 96122)(1) (3) (4) Written contract with a domestic legal entity is required.
(3) Subtitling or dubbing is required for foreign language movies and
programs.
(4) For employment of qualified foreigners in the field, prior
approval of the Minister of Culture is required.  The employment of
foreigners can continue up to three years, and may be granted again.Law on Culture (Official Gazette of the Republic of
Macedonia no. 31/98)
Law on the Use of Macedonian Language (Official
Gazette of the Republic of Macedonia no. 5/98)
(c) Radio and television services
(CPC 9613)(1) (3) (4) Broadcasting companies may be established by domestic
legal entities or natural persons. A foreign legal entity or natural
person may become a co-founder in a company with a share of up to25% of the total capital. Several foreign legal entities and/or natural
persons may become co-founders of a broadcasting company with a
share of up to 49% of the total capital.Law on Broadcasting (Official Gazette of the
Republic of Macedonia no. 20/97)WT/ACC/807/8
Page 11Modes of supply:     (1) Cross-border supply (2) Consumption abroad (3) Commercial presence (4) Presence of natural persons
Mode(s) of Supply Measures Relevant Laws and Regulations
(d) Radio and television
transmission services(CPC 7524)(1) (3) These services can be provided only by domestic
broadcasting companies by concession.
A foreign legal entity or natural person may become a co-founder in
a company with a share of up to 25% of the total capital. Several
foreign legal entities and/or natural persons may become co-founders
of a broadcasting company with a share of up to 49% of the totalcapital.Law on Establishment of the Public Enterprise
Macedonian Radio Broadcasting (Official Gazette ofthe Republic of Macedonia no. 6/98)
(e) Sound recording
(CPC n.a.)No specific regulation yet in place.
3. CONSTRUCTION AND  RELATED ENGINEERING SERVICES
A. General construction work for
buildings
(CPC 512)
B. General construction work for
civil engineering
(CPC 513)
C. Installation and assembly work
(CPC 514+516)
D. Building completion and
finishing work
(CPC 517)(1) (3) A concession for construction may be given to a company or
other legal entity that is registered to perform that activity or to a
company which provides a contract for a business cooperation with a
company registered for performance of construction works.
(3) (4) At least 2 professionals with university degree and experience
of 3 years in the field is required.
(3) (4) At least 1 specialist with secondary education and 2 years
experience is required.
(3) (4) At least 1 specialist with secondary education and 2 years
experience is required.Law on Construction of Investment Buildings
(Official Gazette of the Republic of Macedonia no.
15/90, 11/91, 11/94, 18/99 and 25/99)WT/ACC/807/8
Page 12Modes of supply:     (1) Cross-border supply (2) Consumption abroad (3) Commercial presence (4) Presence of natural persons
Mode(s) of Supply Measures Relevant Laws and Regulations
4. DISTRIBUTION SERVICES
A. Commission agents' services
(CPC 621)
B. Wholesale trade services
(CPC 622)
C. Retailing services
(CPC 631+632)
D. Franchising
(CPC 8929)No specific regulation yet in place.
5. EDUCATIONAL SERVICES
A. Primary education services
(CPC 921)(3) Primary schools can only be established by the Government of
the Republic of Macedonia.
(4) Nationality requirement for employment.Law on Primary Education  (Official Gazette of the
Republic of Macedonia no. 44/95, 16/96, 24/96,34/96, 35/97 and 82/99)
B. Secondary education services
(CPC 922)(3) Foreign presence is allowed subject to a determination by the
Government of the Republic of Macedonia concerning a need for theparticular type of education.Law on Secondary Education (Official Gazette of
the Republic of Macedonia no. 44/95, 16/96, 24/96,34/96, 35/97 and 82/99)
C. Higher education services
(CPC 923)(1) (2) (3) (4) Measures not specified in the current legi slation. Law on Higher Education (Official Gazette of the
Republic of Macedonia
no. 64/00)
D. Adult education
(CPC 924)No specific regulation yet in place.
6. ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES
A. Sewage Services
(CPC 9401)
B. Refuse Disposal Services
(CPC 9402)
C. Sanitation and Similar Services
(CPC 9403)(1) (3) (4) Supply of the services are regulated by municipal
councils.Law on Communal Works (Official Gazette of the
Republic of Macedonia
no. 45/97)WT/ACC/807/8
Page 13Modes of supply:     (1) Cross-border supply (2) Consumption abroad (3) Commercial presence (4) Presence of natural persons
Mode(s) of Supply Measures Relevant Laws and Regulations
7. FINANCIAL SERVICES
All sectors: Insurance companies and banks cannot provide both insurance and banking services.
(1) Insurance and insurance-related services may be provided only
by insurance joint-stock companies registered in the Republic of
Macedonia.Law on Insurance (Official Gazette of the Republic
of Macedonia no. 49/97 and 79/99)
(2) Only insurance provided by local insurance joint-stock
companies is valid.A. All Insurance and  Insurance-
Related Services
(CPC 812**)
(3) Formation of an insurance joint-stock company in the Republic
of Macedonia is required.
A foreign or domestic legal entity or natural person, other than a
foreign  insurance company, may not hold more than 25% of stocks
management rights in an insurance company.  A foreign insurance
company may hold 65%, of such stocks  or, with the prior approval of
the Minister of Finance, 80%.
The total foreign participation in  an insurance company in the
Republic of Macedonia may amount to 65%, or with the prior
approval by the Minister of Finance, 80%.
Approval of the Minister of Finance is required for the establishment
of an insurance company.   The approval is based on the economic
and competitive state of the market.WT/ACC/807/8
Page 14Modes of supply:     (1) Cross-border supply (2) Consumption abroad (3) Commercial presence (4) Presence of natural persons
Mode(s) of Supply Measures Relevant Laws and Regulations
Reinsurance and retrocession
(CPC 81299*):(2) Reinsurance must be first offered to reinsurance companies
registered domestically. Risks may be reinsured abroad if: (i)domestically registered reinsurance companies do not accept
reinsurance; or (ii) the conditions for reinsurance abroad are more
favorable, and domestically registered reinsurance companies do not
offer the conditions available abroad.
B. Banking and other financial
services (excluding insurance)
For all services under 7B.(1) Commercial establishment is required. Law on Banks and Saving Houses (Official Gazette
of the Republic of Macedonia no. 31/93, 78/93,
17/96 and 37/98)
Law on Banks (Official Gazette of the Republic of
Macedonia no. 63/00)
(3) Only a domestic legal entity may provide banking services. Theauthorization by the National Bank of the Republic of Macedonia is
required for establishment of banks and saving houses.
Banks are to be established as joint-stock companies. An individual
stockholder may not hold more than one third of the stocks withmanagement rights. Based on the determination of the National Bank
of the Republic of Macedonia, when a bank establishes a bank, its
share in the capital may be unlimited. The above requirement is in
force until January 1, 2003.Law on Banks (Official Gazette of the Republic of
Macedonia no. 63/00)
Law on Banks (Official Gazette of the Republic of
Macedonia no. 63/00)
Brokerage houses, closed investment funds, fund management
companies and the Central Depository of Securities are to be
established as joint-stock companies after obtaining an approval of
the Commission on Securities.
Brokerage houses can be established by at least two domestic or
foreign legal entities or natural persons.Securities Law (Official Gazette of the Republic of
Macedonia no. 63/00)
Law on Investment Funds (Official Gazette of the
Republic of Macedonia
no. 9/00)
Founders of the Central Depository of Securities can be brokeragehouses, banks, insurance companies and fund management
companies.
Exchange offices may be established by domestic legal entities ornatural persons upon approval by the Governor of the National Bank
of the Republic of Macedonia.Law on Foreign Exchange Operations (Official
Gazette of the Republic of Macedonia no. 30/93)WT/ACC/807/8
Page 15Modes of supply:     (1) Cross-border supply (2) Consumption abroad (3) Commercial presence (4) Presence of natural persons
Mode(s) of Supply Measures Relevant Laws and Regulations
(a) Acceptance of deposits and
other repayable funds from thepublic (CPC 81115-81119)
(i) Non-central bank currency issue
services
(CPC 81117)(3) Only the National Bank of the Republic of Macedonia is
authorized to provide this type of service.Law on the National Bank of the Republic of
Macedonia (Official Gazette of the Republic of
Macedonia no. 26/92, 4/93, 29/93, 17/96, 64/96,30/97 and 37/98)
(ii) Wholesale deposit services
(CPC 81115)
(iii) Other bank deposit services
(CPC 81116)(3) May be provided by banks only. Law on Banks (Official Gazette of the Republic of
Macedonia no. 63/00)
(iv) Other deposit services
(CPC 81119)
limited to saving houses(3) Saving houses are authorized to provide deposit services for
natural persons only. Saving houses can be established by domestic
legal entities and by individuals who are residents of the Republic ofMacedonia.  Saving houses need to be registered as joint-stock
companies or limited liability companies.Law on Banks and Saving Houses (Official Gazette
of the Republic of Macedonia no. 31/93, 78/93,
17/96 and 37/98)
Law on Banks (Official Gazette of the Republic of
Macedonia no. 63/00)
(b) Lending of all types, incl., inter
alia, consumer credit, mortgage
credit, factoring and financing
of commercial transaction
(CPC 8113)(3) For banks: no measures.
(3) For saving houses: Granting credits to legal entities exceeding
150% of the guaranteed capital of the saving houses must be
provided only through a bank.
(3) For other legal entities:  They can grant loans to other legal
entities only.Law on Banks (Official Gazette of the Republic of
Macedonia no. 63/00)
Law on Banks and Saving Houses (Official Gazette
of the Republic of Macedonia no. 31/93, 78/93,
17/96 and 37/98)
Law on Financial Operations (Official Gazette of the
Republic of Macedonia no. 42/93 and 32/97 )
(c) Financial leasing
(CPC 8112)(1) (2) (3) (4) No measures specified in the current legislation. 1.  Law on Trade Companies (Official Gazette of
the Republic of Macedonia no.28/96, 7/97, 21/98,
37/98, 63/98, 39/99, 81/99 and 37/00)
(d) All payment and money
transmission services
(CPC 81339**)(3) May be provided by banks only.  For payments abroad, banks are
required to have a minimum capital of 9 million EURO.Law on Banks (Official Gazette of the Republic of
Macedonia no. 63/00)
(e) Guarantees and commitments
(CPC 81199**)(3) For guarantees abroad banks are required to have a minimum
capital of 9 million EURO.Law on Banks (Official Gazette of the Republic of
Macedonia no. 63/00)WT/ACC/807/8
Page 16Modes of supply:     (1) Cross-border supply (2) Consumption abroad (3) Commercial presence (4) Presence of natural persons
Mode(s) of Supply Measures Relevant Laws and Regulations
(f) Trading for own account or for
account of customers, whetheron an exchange, in an over-the-
counter market or otherwise, the
following:
- money market instruments
(cheques, bills, certificate of
deposits, etc.)(3) This type of services may be provided by banks and trade
companies only.Law on Banks (Official Gazette of the Republic of
Macedonia no. 63/00)
- foreign exchange (3) This type of services may be provided by banks and exchange
offices only.Law on Banks (Official Gazette of the Republic of
Macedonia no. 63/00)
Law on Foreign Exchange Operations (Official
Gazette of the Republic of Macedonia no. 30/93)
- derivative products including,
but not limited to, futures and
options(3) Banks are required to have a minimum capital of 9 million EURO. Law on Banks (Official Gazette of the Republic of
Macedonia no. 63/00)
- exchange rate and interest rate
instruments, including products
such as swaps, forward rate
agreements, etc(3) Banks are required to have a minimum capital of 9 million EURO. Law on Banks (Official Gazette of the Republic of
Macedonia no. 63/00)
- transferable securities (3) Brokerage houses and banks with a minimu m capital of  9 million
EURO will be permitted to offer these types of services from January
1, 2003.Securities Law (Official Gazette of the Republic of
Macedonia no. 63/00)
Law on Banks (Official Gazette of the Republic of
Macedonia no. 63/00)
- other negotiable instruments and
financial assets, including
bullion(3) Banks are required to have a minimum capital of 9 million EURO. Law on Banks (Official Gazette of the Republic of
Macedonia no. 63/00)
(g) Participation in issues of all
kinds of securities, incl. under-
writing and placement  as agent
(whether publicly or privately)
and  provision of service relatedto such issues
(CPC 8132)(3) This type of services may be provided by banks and trade
companies only.Securities Law (Official Gazette of the Republic of
Macedonia no. 63/00)
(h) Money broking
(CPC 81339**)(1) (2) (3) (4) No measures specified in the current legi slation. Securities Law (Official Gazette of the Republic of
Macedonia no. 63/00)WT/ACC/807/8
Page 17Modes of supply:     (1) Cross-border supply (2) Consumption abroad (3) Commercial presence (4) Presence of natural persons
Mode(s) of Supply Measures Relevant Laws and Regulations
(i) Asset management, such as cash
or portfolio management, allforms of collective investment
management, pension fund
management, custodial
depository and trust services
(CPC 81119+**, 81323*)
For custodial depository(1) (2) (3) (4) No measures specified in the current legislation.
(3) Only banks may provide this type of services. Such banks are
required to have a minimum capital of 9 million EURO.Law on Banks (Official Gazette of the Republic of
Macedonia no. 63/00)
Law on Banks (Official Gazette of the Republic of
Macedonia no. 63/00)
(j) Settlement and clearing services
for financial assets, incl.
securities, derivative products
and other negotiable
instruments(3) This type of services may be provided by Central Depository of
Securities only.Securities Law (Official Gazette of the Republic of
Macedonia no. 63/00)
(k) Advisory and other auxiliary
financial services, incl. credit
reference and analysis,investment and portfolio
research and advice, advice on
acquisitions and on corporate
restructuring and strategy
(CPC 8131+8133)(3) Trade companies, banks, saving houses and brokerage houses
may provide these types of services.Law on Banks (Official Gazette of the Republic of
Macedonia no. 63/00)
Securities Law (Official Gazette of the Republic of
Macedonia no. 63/00)
2. Law on Trade Companies (Official Gazette of
the Republic of Macedonia no.28/96, 7/97, 21/98,
37/98, 63/98, 39/99, 81/99 and 37/00)
(l) Provision and transfer of
financial information, and
financial data processing andrelated software by providers of
other financial services
(CPC 8131)(1) (2) (3) (4) No measures specified in the current legislation. Law on Banks (Official Gazette of the Republic of
Macedonia no. 63/00)
8. HEALTH RELATED AND SOCIAL SERVICES
A. Hospital services
(CPC 9311)
B. Other Human Health Services
(CPC 9319)Under the legislative reform at the presentWT/ACC/807/8
Page 18Modes of supply:     (1) Cross-border supply (2) Consumption abroad (3) Commercial presence (4) Presence of natural persons
Mode(s) of Supply Measures Relevant Laws and Regulations
C. Social Services
(CPC 933)(3) A social care centre or a public educational institution for
accommodating children and young people who have educational,social and behavioural problems may only be performed by
governmental institutions.The Law on Social Care (Official Gazette of the
Republic of Macedonia no. 50/97)
9. TOURISM AND TRAVEL RELATED SERVICES
A. Hotels and Restaurants (incl.
Catering)
(CPC 641-643)
B. Travel Agencies and Tour
Operators Services
(CPC 7471)
C. Tourist Guides Services.
(CPC 7472)(1) (3) (4) For foreign legal en tities commercial establishment is
required.  For foreign natural persons a written contract with a
domestic legal entity is required.
(3) (4) Nationality requirement.The Law on Catering and Tourism (Official Gazette
of the Republic of Macedonia no. 23/95)
The Law on Catering and Tourism (Official Gazette
of the Republic of Macedonia no. 23/95)
10. RECREATIONAL,  CULTURAL AND  SPORTING SERVICES
A. Entertainment Services
(Including Theatre, Live Bands
and  Circus Services)(CPC 9619)(3) (4) A contract with a domestic legal person is required.  In
addition, for live works (public performances), contract must be
signed with the appropriate Association for Collective Realization ofMusic Copyright.
(4) For employment of qualified foreigners in the field, prior
approval of the Minister of Culture is required.  The employment of
foreigners can continue up to three years, and may be granted again.Law on Culture (Official Gazette of the Republic of
Macedonia no. 31/98)
B. News Agency Services. (3) Foreign natural and legal entities are not allowed to establish
news agencies.Law on Import and Distribution of Foreign Mass
Media of Mass Communication and Foreign
Information Activities (Official Gazette of SFRY
no. 30/74)WT/ACC/807/8
Page 19Modes of supply:     (1) Cross-border supply (2) Consumption abroad (3) Commercial presence (4) Presence of natural persons
Mode(s) of Supply Measures Relevant Laws and Regulations
C. Libraries, Archives, Museums
and Other Cultural Services(CPC 9631 and 9632)(3) (4) Through contracts with domestic legal entities.  The Ministry
of Culture grants approval for registration of domestic and foreignentities.
(4) For employment of qualified foreigners in the field, prior
approval of the Minister of Culture is required.  The employment offoreigners can continue up to three years, and may be granted again.Law on Culture (Official Gazette of the Republic of
Macedonia no. 31/98)
Law on Library Activities (Official Gazette of the
Socialist Republic of Macedonia no. 17/74, 42/76,
17/84 and 51/88 and Official Gazette of the Republic
of Macedonia no. 12/93)
Law on Museum Activities (Official Gazette of the
Socialist Republic of Macedonia no. 25/79 and 51/88
and Official Gazette of the Republic of Macedonia
no. 12/93)
3. Law on Protection Cultural Monuments
(Official Gazette of the Socialist Republic of
Macedonia no. 24/73 and Official Gazette of the
Republic of Macedonia
no. 12/93)
D. Sporting and Other
Recreational Services.
(CPC 964)(1) (2) (3) (4) Measures not specified in the current legislation. Law on Sports (Official Gazette of the Republic of
Macedonia no. 7/96 and 51/99)
11. TRANSPORT SERVICES
A. Maritime Transport Services No specific regulation in place.
B. Internal Waterways Transport (1) (2) (3) (4) Measures not sp ecified in the current legislation. Law on Internal Waterways Tran sport (Official
Gazette of the Republic of Macedonia no. 27/00)
C. Air Transport Services
(CPC 731, 732, 734, 8868**)(1) (2) (3) (4) Measures not specified in the current legi slation. Aviation Act of the Republic of Macedonia (Official
Gazette of SFRY,
no. 45/86, 24/88, 80/89 and 29/90)
(e) Supporting services for air
transport(CPC 746)(1) (3) The Public Enterprise for Airport Services “Makedonija” is
the only authorized body to carry out airport maintenance,reconstruction and construction of airports, landing and departure of
aircrafts, and the  handling of passengers, luggage, goods and mail.
(1) (3) The Directorate General of Civil Aviation (DGCA) of the
Republic of Macedonia is responsible for air traffic control services.Decision on the Establishing of the Public Enterprise
for Airport Services “Makedonija” (Official Gazetteof the SRM no. 38/90)
Aviation Act of the Republic of Macedonia (Official
Gazette of SFRY, No. 45/86, 24/88, 80/89 and29/90)WT/ACC/807/8
Page 20Modes of supply:     (1) Cross-border supply (2) Consumption abroad (3) Commercial presence (4) Presence of natural persons
Mode(s) of Supply Measures Relevant Laws and Regulations
E. Rail Transport Services
(CPC 7111, 7112, 7113,8868**, 743)(1) (3) The only service provider in this area is the Public Enterprise
Macedonian Railways.The Law on Macedonian Railways (Official Gazette
of the Republic of Macedonia no. 9/98)
F. Road Transport Services
(CPC 7121+7122, 7123, 7124,
6112+8867, 744) (except forCPC 74420)(1) (2) (3) (4) Measures not specified in the current legislation.
(3) For highway, bridge and tunnel operation services and for the
maintenance of public roads and road facilities the exclusive
authority is vested in the public enterprise “Makedonija Pat”.Law on Road Transport (Official Gazette of the
Republic of Macedonia no. 63/98 and 29/98)
G. Pipeline Transport
(CPC 7131, 7139)(1) (2) (3) (4) Measures not specified in the current le gislation. Law on Energy (Official Gazette of the Republic of
Macedonia no. 47/97 and 40/99)
H. Services Auxiliary to All
Modes of Transport
Air Transport
(a) Cargo-handling services
(CPC 741)
(b) Storage and warehouse services
(CPC 742)(1) (3) At the airport, the Public Enterprise for Airport Services
“Makedonija” is the only authorized body for providing cargo-handling services, including acceptance of goods, safety control,
transport of goods to and from the aircraft, loading and unloading of
aircrafts, storing, informing on acceptance of goods and delivering
goods to the recipient upon customs inspection.Decision on the Establishing of the Public Enterprise
for Airport Services “Makedonija” (Official Gazetteof the SRM no. 38/90)
Aviation Act of the Republic of Macedonia (Official
Gazette of SFRY,
no. 45/86, 24/88, 80/89 and 29/90)
Road Transport(a) - (c) (CPC 741, 742, 748)(1) (2) (3) (4) Measures not specified in the current le gislation. Law on Road Transport (Official Gazette of the
Republic of Macedonia no. 63/98 and 29/98)WT/ACC/807/8
Page 21Table 2:  Measures Relating to National Treatment
Modes of supply:     (1) Cross-border supply (2) Consumption abroad (3) Commercial presence (4) Presence of natural persons
Mode(s) of Supply Measures Relevant Laws and Regulations
A. HORIZONTAL
Commercial Presence The approval of the Ministry in charge of foreign commercial affairs
shall be required for: (i) the in corporation of a company entirely
owned by one or more foreign entities or persons, (ii) the
incorporation of a company in which foreign entities or persons own
a majority of stocks, (iii) the transformation of a company into acompany fully or partially owned by a foreign entity or person, and
(iv) the acquisition of a majority of stocks in a company by a foreign
entity or person.
A subsidiary of a foreign company shall prepare an annual balance
sheet.
A trading company that is partially or fully owned by a foreign entity
may not acquire majority participation in another company.4. Law on Trade Companies (Official Gazette
of the Republic of Macedonia no.28/96, 7/97, 21/98,
37/98, 63/98, 39/99, 81/99 and 37/00)
Temporary Entry and Stay ofNatural PersonsA foreign national may be employed if he/she has an approval of the
Ministry of Internal Affairs for temporary residence and if he/she
obtains an approval for employment issued by the Ministry of Labor
and Social Policy.  In addition to the request for a temporaryresidence, a foreign natural person must submit proof justifying the
reason for the request, as well as that the funds for his/her
subsistence are provided.  A temporary residence approval is valid
for up to one year and may be extended.Law on Employment of Foreigners (Official Gazette
of the Republic of Macedonia no. 11/78 and 64/89)
Law on Movement and Residence of Foreigners
(Official Gazette of the Republic of Macedonia no.
36/92, 66/92 and 26/93)WT/ACC/807/8
Page 22 Modes of supply:     (1) Cross-border supply (2) Consumption abroad (3) Commercial presence (4) Presence of natural persons
Sector or sub-Sector Measures Relevant Laws and Regulations
B. SPECIFIC SERVICE SECTOR OR SUB-SECTOR
1. BUSINESS SERVICES
A. Professional Services (3) Where licence is required, its issue is based on an appropriate
examination.Sector specific laws as indicated in the Table 1
Measures Relating to Market Access.
(b) Accounting, auditing and
bookkeeping services(CPC 862)
Auditing
 services
(CPC 8621)(1) (2) A foreign audit company not registered in the Republic of
Macedonia, but registered to conduct audit in the country where itsmain office is located, may perform audit in the Republic of
Macedonia only on a contract basis in cooperation with a domestic
audit company.Law on Auditing (Official Gazette of the Republic of
Macedonia no. 65/97 and 27/00)
2. COMMUNICATION SERVICES
D. Audiovisual Services
(a) Motion picture and video tape
production and distribution
services(CPC 96112, 96113 and 96114)
(b) Motion picture projection
services
(CPC 96121 and 96122)(3) Subtitling or dubbing is required for foreign language movies and
programs.Law on the Use of Macedonian Language (Official
Gazette of the Republic of Macedonia no. 5/98)
4. DISTRIBUTION SERVICES
For export-import activity (3) Must register to provide services in the Republic of Macedonia. Law on Foreign Trade (Official Gaz ette of the
Republic of Macedonia no. 31/93, 41/93, 78/93,
44/96-40/96, 59/96, 15/97,
13/98, 13/99 and 50/99)
7. FINANCIAL SERVICES
A. All Insurance and Insurance-
Related Services
(CPC 812**)(3) When a foreign legal entity or natural person establishes an
insurance company in the Republic of Macedonia, it has to submit a
program for the development of insurance.Law on Insurance (Official Gazette of the Republic
of Macedonia no.49/97 and 79/99)
B. Banking and Other  Financial
Services  (Excluding Insurance)(3) Foreign legal and natural persons are not allowed to found
Saving Houses.Law on Banks and Saving Houses (Official Gazette
of the Republic of Macedonia no.31/93, 78/93, 17/96
and 37/98)
Law on Banks (Official Gazette of the Republic of
Macedonia no. 63/00)WT/ACC/807/8
Page 23Table 3:  Measures Relating to Most-Favoured-Nation Treatment (MFN)
Modes of supply:     (1) Cross-border supply (2) Consumption abroad (3) Commercial presence (4) Presence of natural persons
Measures Relevant Laws and Regulations
A. HORIZONTAL
(3) A foreign legal entity and natural person doing business in the Republic
of Macedonia may, under conditions of reciprocity, own business
buildings, business premises, apartments and apartment buildings, as
well as construction land.  A foreign natural person permanently resident
of the Republic of Macedonia may, under conditions of reciprocity, ownan apartment and an apartment building.Law on the Basic Ownership Relations  (Official Gazette of the SFRY no. 6/80,
36/90, Official Gazette of the Republic of Macedonia no. 5/99 and 8/99)
B. SPECIFIC SERVICE SECTOR OR SUB-SECTOR
1. Business Services
A. Professional Services
(a) Legal Services
(CPC 861)
Attorneys of other countries may provide legal assistance and practice law on
the territory of the Republic of Macedonia on the basis of reciprocitydetermined by the Macedonian Bar Association.Law on the Bar (Official Gazette of the Republic of Macedonia no. 80/92)
1. BUSINESS SERVICES
F. Other Business Services
(r) Printing, publishing
(CPC 88442)
2. COMMUNICATION SERVICES
D. Audiovisual ServicesWT/ACC/807/8
Page 24Modes of supply:     (1) Cross-border supply (2) Consumption abroad (3) Commercial presence (4) Presence of natural persons
Measures Relevant Laws and Regulations
10. RECREATIONAL, CULTURAL AND SPORTING SERVICES
A. Entertainment Services (Including Theatre, Live Bands and Circus
Services)
(CPC 9619)
C. Libraries, Archives, Museums and Other Cultural Services
(CPC 9631 and 9632)
Cooperative arrangements operate with some countries
5. EDUCATIONAL SERVICE
Preferences may be extended in implementation of student exchange
programs, for visits by educators, and for educational institutions in order to
promote cooperation in cultural exchange.
11. TRANSPORT SERVICE
F. Road Transport Services
Bilateral agreements with the governments of other countries offer
favourable treatment for transportation and transit activities.WT/ACC/807/8
Page 25Table 4:  Other Measures
Measures Relevant Laws and Regulations
A. HORIZONTAL
No other measures
B. SPECIFIC SERVICE SECTOR OR SUB-SECTOR
No other measures
Table 5:  Other Laws, Regulations and Other Legal Instruments
A. HORIZONTAL
No other relevant laws, regulations and other legal instruments
B. SPECIFIC SERVICE SECTOR OR SUB-SECTOR
No other relevant laws, regulations and other legal instruments
__________