RESTRICTED
WORLD TRADE IP/C/W/26/Add.1
17July1996
ORGANIZATION(96-2798)
Original: English Council forTrade-Related Aspects
ofIntellectual Property Rights
REVIEW OFLEGISLATION ONCOPYRIGHT AND RELATED RIGHTS
Questions posed bytheEuropean Communities andtheirMember States
Addendum
BymeansofacommunicationfromthePermanentDelegationoftheCommissionoftheEuropean
Communities, dated 20June1996, theSecretariat hasreceived questions thattheEuropean Communities
andtheirMember States hadcommunicated tothefollowing WTO Members concerning thereview
ofnational implementing legislation intheareaofcopyright andrelated rights:
Page
Czech Republic 2
Japan 2
NewZealand 3
Norway 4
South Africa 5IP/C/W/26/Add.1
Page2
CZECH REPUBLIC
1. Could theCzech Republic specify indetail theprovisions intheCoypright Actwhich may
limittheexclusive rights oftherightholder (Article 13oftheTRIPS Agreement)?
2. How isthenotion "normal exploitation ofthework" defined intheCopyright Actorother
related laws(Article 13oftheTRIPS Agreement)?
3. DidtheCzech Republic apply asof15April 1994asystem ofequitable remuneration ofright
holders inrespect oftherental ofphonograms, andifso,isittheintention oftheCzech Government
tocontinue thispractice (Article 14(4) oftheTRIPS Agreement)?
JAPAN
1. What isthedefinition of"country oforigin" asusedintheCopyright LawofJapan (Article
9(1)oftheTRIPS Agreement inconjunction withArticle 5(4)Berne Convention)?
2. Towhatextent arequantitative limitations imposed, beitinlaworthrough thecourts, onthe
useofliterary orartistic works forteaching purposes pursuant toArticles 33to35oftheCopyright
Law(Article 9(1)oftheTRIPS Agreement inconjunction withArticle 10(2) Berne Convention)?
3. Does Japan require thatthesource andthename oftheauthor bementioned, inaccordance
withArticle9(1)oftheTRIPSAgreementinconjunctionwithArticle10(3)BerneConvention,whenever
useismade ofawork inaccordance withArticle 35oftheCopyright Law?
4. Does Article 41oftheCopyright Lawpermit thefreeuseofworks inrelation tocurrent events
bywhatever means ofcommunication tothepublic, including forms which arenotexplicitly listed
inArticle 9(1)oftheTRIPS Agreement inconjunction withArticle 10bis(2) Berne Convention?
5. Does Article 41oftheCopyright Lawallow thereproduction orexploitation ofawork not
actually seenorheard inthecourse oftheevent thatisbeing reported (Article 9(1)oftheTRIPS
Agreement inconjunction withArticle 10bis(2) Berne Convention)?
6. Isittheposition oftheGovernment ofJapan thatArticle 14oftheSupplementary Provisions
ofLawNo.48of6May1970 should bemaintained initscurrent form? Ifnot,what amendments
doestheGovernment envisage (Article 9(1)oftheTRIPS Agreement inconjunction withArticle 11(1)
Berne Convention?
7. Towhatextent isaperson orbodycorporate whose name appears onacinematographic work
presumed tobethemaker ofthesaidwork under Japanese law(Article 9(1)oftheTRIPS Agreement
inconjunction withArticle 15(2) Berne Convention)?
8. Does thedefinition ofcomputer programs ascontained inArticle 2(1)(xbis) oftheCopyright
Lawinclude programs insource codeaswellasprograms inobject code(Article 10(1) oftheTRIPS
Agreement)?
9. Dooriginals ofcomputer programs andcinematographic works fallwithin thescope ofthe
rental rightprovided byArticle 26bis andArticle 26respectively oftheCopyright Law(Article 11
oftheTRIPS Agreement)?IP/C/W/26/Add.1
Page3
10. Does Article 91(1) oftheCopyright Law, inconjunction withArticle 112(1) ofthesameLaw,
allow performers toprevent boththefixation oftheirunfixed performance andthereproduction of
suchfixation when undertaken without theirauthorization (Article 14(1) oftheTRIPS Agreement)?
11. Does Article 92(1) oftheCopyright Law, incombination withArticle 112(1) ofthisLaw,
giveperformers thepossibility toprevent anycommunication tothepublic oftheirliveperformance
when undertaken without theirauthorization, including where suchcommunication doesnotrequire
anyactive participation bytheperson communicating theperformance, suchaswhere works aremade
available foraccess on-line (Article 14(1) oftheTRIPS Agreement)?
12. Towhatextent doestherequirement inArticle 100oftheCopyright Lawtocommunicate "by
meansofaspecialinstrumentforenlargingimages"limitthebroadcastingorganizations'righttoprohibit
communication tothepublic oftheirtelevision broadcasts (Article 14(3) oftheTRIPS Agreement)?
13. Dooriginals ofphonograms fallwithin thescope oftherental right provided by
Articles 95bis(1)-(3) and97bis(1)-(3), incombination withArticle 2(1)(vii), oftheCopyright Law
(Article 14(4) oftheTRIPS Agreement)?
14. From which point intimedotheprovisions ofArticle 14(1)-(3) ofTRIPS apply totherights
ofperformers andproducers ofphonograms inphonograms under theCopyright Law?
NEW ZEALAND
1. DoesNewZealandapplyitscopyrightlawtobroadcastingorganizationshavingtheirheadquarters
intheterritory ofacontracting stateoftheRome Convention (1961) where thebroadcasting organization
concerned isnotincorporated inacontracting state(Article 2(2)oftheTRIPS Agreement inconjunction
withArticle 6Rome Convention)? Iftheanswer isnegative, please explain thereasons forthis.
2. Does NewZealand intend torepeal §76oftheCopyright Act1994 (Article 8oftheTRIPS
Agreement)?
3. Does NewZealand grant protection toauthors ofcinematographic works where themakers
ofsuchworks havetheirheadquarters intheterritory ofaWTO Member butarenotincorporated
inaWTO Member country (Article 9(1)oftheTRIPS Agreement inconjunction withArticle 4Berne
Convention?
4. With regard totheutilisation (totheextent justified fortherelevant purpose) ofliterary and
artistic works bywayofillustration inpublications, broadcast orsound orvisual recordings forteaching,
doesNewZealand require thatthesource andthename oftheauthor bementioned (Article 9(1)of
theTRIPS Agreement inconjunction withArticle 10(3) Berne Convention?
5. Whoisdeemed under NewZealand copyright lawtorepresent theauthor ofliterary andartistic
worksinrelationtotheenforcementofprotectedrightswheretheworksareanonymousorpseudonymous
andleave doubts astohisidentity (Article 9(1)oftheTRIPS Agreement inconjunction withArticle
15(3) Berne Convention)?IP/C/W/26/Add.1
Page4
6. HasNewZealand applied ordoesitintend toapply §234(o) (i)and(iii)oftheCopyright Act
1994 inrelation totheauthorization oftherental tothepublic ofcomputer programs and/or films
(Article 11oftheTRIPS Agreement)?
Isthere anyevidence ofwidespread copying impairing theexclusive rightofreproduction of
authors offilms (Article 11oftheTRIPS Agreement)?
7. Towhatextent andforwhich purposes doesNewZealand copyright lawpermit theplaying
orshowing inpublic ofbroadcasts orcable programs (Article 14(1) oftheTRIPS Agreement)?
Towhatextent doesNewZealand copyright lawrestrict therights ofperformers inrelation
tobroadcasts included inacable program service (Article 14(1) oftheTRIPS Agreement)?
8. HasNewZealand applied ordoesitintend toapply §234(o)(ii)oftheCopyright Act1994
inrelation totheauthorization oftherental tothepublic ofsound recordings (Article 14(4) oftheTRIPS
Agreement)?
NORWAY
1. IstheNorwegian Government oftheopinion thattheeligibility criteria under Royal Decree
8June1995 No.524Section 1(cfr.theCopyright ActSection 57)andRoyal Decree 22December
1989 No1288, should beamended inorder tofulfil theobligations under theTRIPS Agreement for
minimum protection, national treatment andmost-favoured-nation treatment (Articles 1(3), 3and4
oftheTRIPS Agreement)?
2. Forthepurpose ofclarification: HastheNorwegian Government made anotification tothe
TRIPSCouncilregardingtheNorwegianreservationunderArticle6paragraph2oftheRomeConvention
(Article 1(3)oftheTRIPS Agreement)?
3. Forthepurpose ofclarification: WilltheNorwegian Government apply the70-years term
ofprotection forauthors under sections 40and41andtheruleofrevival ofrights under Section 60
oftheActtoauthors being nationals ofMember States oftheEuropean Community andtheEuropean
Economic Area?
4. Forthepurpose ofclarification: Arethereanybilateral agreements between Norway andother
states which grantanyadvantage, favour, privilege orimmunity which shallbeaccorded tothenationals
ofallother Members (Article 4oftheTRIPS Agreement)?
5. UnderSection41oftheCopyrightAct,thestartingpointfortheprotectionperiodforanonymous
orpseudonymous works istheexpiry oftheyearinwhich theworkwasissued. According toArticle 12
oftheTRIPS Agreement, thestarting point istheendofthecalendar yearofauthorized publication.
Intheopinion oftheNorwegian Government, canthisdifference instarting points result inashorter
protection period under Norwegian lawthantheprotection period laiddown inArticle 12oftheTRIPS
Agreement?IP/C/W/26/Add.1
Page5
SOUTH AFRICA
1. Areallsignatory countries ’works afforded protection onanational treatment basis(Article 3
oftheTRIPS Agreement)? More particularly:
1.1 Have allsignatory countries beenlisted inSchedule 1toGeneral Notice No.126/1999?
1.2 Isnational treatment afforded toallMembers inrespect ofsound recordings?
2. Arecomputer programs protected “asliterary works ”(Article 10oftheTRIPS Agreement)?
Ifnot,howaretheyprotected andisthescope ofprotection thesame?
3. Towhatextent arecomputer databases protected ascompilations (Article 10oftheTRIPS
Agreement)?
4. Doallworks forwhich theterms arenotcalculated withreference tothelifeofanatural person
enjoy protection forthetermrequired byArticle 12oftheTRIPS Agreement?
5. Does reproducing abroadcast ascontemplated inSection 10(a) oftheCopyright Act,1978,
cover allforms ofmaking fixations ofabroadcast (Article 14(3) oftheTRIPS Agreement)?
6. Isatelevision broadcast protected against thecommunication tothepublic ofafixation thereof
(Article 14(3) oftheTRIPS Agreement)?
7. Areperformances ofperformers protected forthetermrequired inArticle 14(5) oftheTRIPS
Agreement?
8. Areperformances made inallWTO Members orbyperformers whoarenationals ofallWTO
Members protected (Article 3oftheTRIPS Agreement)?
9. Does theCopyright Act,1978, comply withArticles 1to21oftheParis textoftheBerne
Convention asrequired byArticle 9(1)oftheTRIPS Agreement? More particularly:
9.1 DoesSection 12(7) readtogether withSection 18comply withtheprovisions ofArticle 10bis(1)
Berne Convention?
9.2 Hasanyprovision beenmade fortheapplication ofArticle 10bis(2) Berne Convention?
Isprovision made forthe“droitdesuite”referred toinArticle 14ter Berne Convention?