RESTRICTEDWORLD TRADE
ORGANIZATIONWT/CTE/W/118
28 June 1999
(99-2664)
Committee on Trade and Environment
ITEM 4: PROVISIONS OF THE MULTILATERAL TRADING SYSTEM WITH
RESPECT TO THE TRANSPARENCY OF TRADE MEASURES USED FOR
ENVIRONMENTAL PURPOSES AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEASURES
AND REQUIREMENTS, WHICH HAVE
SIGNIFICANT TRADE EFFECTS
Note by the Secretariat
1. This note containing an Environment Data Base, has been prepared to provide the Committee
on Trade and Environment (CTE) with an overview of environment-related measures or provisionsthat have been notified or reviewed in 1998.  In 1998, the Members under the various Agreements and
notification obligations submitted some 2140 notifications.
1  These notifications2 which were either
directly environment related or contained environmental references have been listed in the attached
tables, according to the agreements under which they were issued.  Twenty-three Trade Policy
Reviews (TPRs) of last year contained references to environment-related measures undertaken by theMember being reviewed.
2. This document provides the list of environment-related measures, in keeping with the views
expressed by the Members in WT/CTE/W/46 by utilizing search words described in WT/CTE/W/102
and search methodology adopted in WT/CTE/W/78.
3   The alphabetical list of the search words is also
attached.
I. NOTIFICATIONS
3. Environment-related notifications are usually notifications in which environmental or related
factors were stated as the principal reason and objective of notifying.  Some measures notified in 1998
contained environmental or related issues as a subsidiary part of the notification.  In other cases,
Members have specified environment-related provisions as among the many reasons for the
measure(s) they notified.  Such notifications are also included in this note.  In cases when
notifications were made under more than one agreement, all relevant symbols are mentioned.
4. The following articles of the WTO and GATT 1994 Agreements refer explicitly or, are
generally regarded as related to environmental objectives:
                                                     
1The 2140 CRN Records listed include addendum, corrigendum, revision and some notifications issued
as a communication from the notifying Member.
2The search through the various WTO and GATT (1994) notification obligations was based on the
information contained in the Working Group of Notification Obligations and Procedures (NOP) documents
G/NOP/W/2 and W/16/Rev.1 and the Technical Cooperation Handbook of Notifications.
3Bearing in mind the complexity and the need to ex ercise considerable judgem ent in what constitutes
an environment-related measure, the Secretariat has made this listing as comprehensive as possible, although ithas in some cases shortened/summarized information.WT/CTE/W/118
Page 2
(a) Annex 2 paragraph 12 of the Agreement on Agriculture;
(b) Article 5 paragraph 2 of the Agreement on Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures
(SPS);
(c) Article 8.2  (c) of the Agreement on Subsidies and Countervailing Measures (SCM);
(d) Articles 2 and 5 of the Agreement on Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT);
(e) Article XIV (b) of the General Agreement on Trade in Services (GATS);
(f) Article 27.2 of the Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property
Rights (TRIPS);
(g) measures taken pursuant to GATT 1994 Article XX (b) and (g).
A. AGREEMENT ON TECHNICAL BARRIERS TO TRADE (TBT)
5. The environment-related notifications under the TBT Agreement are specified in the Table: 1
(page 12).  In 1998, a total of 648 TBT notifications were submitted, 98 of which contained protection
of the environment as the main or one of the purposes of notifying.  This number constituted 15.1 per
cent of the total number of the TBT notifications.  The notifications included a diversified group of
environmental measures, the most frequent of which are:
(a) Management of solid waste and hazardous wastes was the objective of a number of
notifications;
(b) energy efficiency, energy saving and rationalization of energy utilization were other
subjects of TBT notifications;
(c) providing rules for environmental management systems was another subject measure;
(d) eco-taxes were notified as another measure in 1998;
(e) soil, water and air pollution prevention measures constituted the other group of
environmental measures in the 1998 TBT notifications.
6. Environment related TBT notifications have been increasing over the years as illustrated in
the table below:
Year Number of
environment-related
TBT notificationsTotal number of
notifications% of environment
related notifications
1995 41 392 10.4%
1996 53 460 11.5%
1997 89 794 11.2%
1998 98 648 15.1%
1995-1998 281 2294 12%WT/CTE/W/118
Page 3
7. The product break-up of TBT notifications issued in 1998 in percentage is as follows:
Construction products
7%Others
36%
Electrical and 
household articles
10%Chemicals and 
biological substances
20%Waste
12%Motor vehicles, 
engines, etc
11%Fertilizers and 
pesticides
4%
8. The notifications under the title "Chemicals and biological substances" covered
20 notifications, which included products like asbestos, mercury thermometers and ozone-depletingsubstances. "Waste" was mentioned in 12 notifications, which included among other types of wastes,
solid wastes and hazardous wastes.  The title "Motor  vehicles, engines, fuels and oils" was mentioned
in 11 notifications.  "Electrical and household appliances" were mentioned in 10 notifications, which
included products like, kitchen ovens, electrical appliances, batteries, refrigerators and freezers.
"Construction products" were specified in seven TBT notifications, which mentioned windows, outerdoors and other construction materials.  "Fertilizers and pesticides" were referred to in
four TBT notifications.  Thirty-four other TBT not ifications covered a wide spectrum of products,
e.g. tanks for flammable liquids, asphalt, synthetic materials and metals in the production of coffins.
B. A
GREEMENT ON THE APPLICATION OF SANITARY AND PHYTOSANITARY (SPS) M EASURES
9. Technical regulations notified under the TBT and SPS Agreements constituted the largest part
(approximately 44 per cent) of the total number of notifications issued in 1998.  Some 300
notifications were made under the SPS Agreement in 1998.  As all SPS measures deal with the safetyand protection of human, animal, plant health, treating these measures taken for human, animal and
plant health as directly environment related might be misleading.  They therefore have not been
included in this note.  However, although it may be a matter of judgement, 21 SPS notifications,
grasped during the search by the 34 search words, are mentioned in Table 2
4 (page 16).
C. AGREEMENT ON SUBSIDIES AND COUNTERVAILING MEASURES (SCM)
10. In 1998, some 90 notifications were made under the SCM Agreement.  Thirty-six of these
notifications included environment-related measures, which are mentioned in Table: 3 (page 17).
These notifications covered a variety of programmes and provisions like, environmental subsidies,
environmental protection measures and waste water management programmes, incentives for
pollution control and environment protection and subsidies for pollution prevention .
11. An SCM notification (G/SCM/N/1/PAN) regarding adaptation of existing facilities to new
environmental requirements was also submitted under the Agreement on Article VI (Anti-dumping)
of the GATT 1994 (G/ADP/N/1/PAN/1).
                                                     
4 The Secretariat was not sure whether, for instance th e "protection of wild birds" should be considered
as an environmental or purely SPS measure.WT/CTE/W/118
Page 4
D. AGREEMENT ON AGRICULTURE
12. In 1998, some 190 notifications were submitted by the Members, under the various articles of
the Agreement on Agriculture.  Twenty-two of these notifications are related to environmental
measures.  Table 4 (page 19) includes information on these notifications, most of which were made
under the heading, “(j) environmental programmes” in table DS: 1.  The notification requirements andformats under the agreement are set out in the document G/AG/2.
13. Agricultural domestic support for climate research and development, payments under
environmental programmes, like soil conservation and desert development, general services on
environment, for instance environmental mapping, promotion of sustainable utilization of natural
agricultural resources and payments for environmentally friendly wine growing methods
  were among
the measures notified under the Agreement on Agriculture.
E. AGREEMENT ON ARTICLE VI (A NTI-DUMPING ) OF THE GATT 1994
14. In 1998, 12 notifications were submitted under the Agreement on Article VI (Anti-dumping)
of the GATT 1994, only one of which had environment related measures (notified according to
Article 73 of the Agreement, Exceptions). The said notification, G/ADP/N/1/PAN/1 was also notified
under SCM Agreement (See paragraph 11 above).
F. AGREEMENT ON IMPORT LICENSING PROCEDURES (ILC)
15. In 1998, some 60 notifications were made under the Agreement on Import Licensing
Procedures. Twenty of these notifications were environment related, which were mostly made
pursuant to Article 7.3 of the Agreement, which are listed in Table 5 (page 21).  They followed the
format of Replies to Questionnaire on ILP (Anne x to G/L/C/3).  The import licensing procedural
requirements were made in accordance with international conventions like the Basel Convention onhazardous and toxic waste, the Montreal Protocol on ozone-depleting substances and the CITES on
endangered species and products.
16. Import licensing requirements for ozone-depleting substances, irradiating materials,
hazardous wastes, and endangered species and animals, import licensing requirements on hydrocarbon
fuels, and non-automatic licensing for environmental concerns, were among the measures cited inReplies to Questionnaires on ILP.
G. A
GREEMENT ON SAFEGUARDS
17. In 1998, some 30 notifications were made under the Agreement on Safeguards, of which one
was environment related, i.e. general policy guidel ines for industry to develop in an ecologically
sustainable manner.5
H. AGREEMENT ON CUSTOMS VALUATION
18. Thirteen notifications were made under the Agreement on Customs Valuation in 1998.  One
of the notifications was environment related, which dealt with catalytic converter and gas-emission
control system requirement for importation of cars.6   
                                                     
5 G/SG/N/1/AUS/2.
6 G/VAL/N/1/PAN/1.WT/CTE/W/118
Page 5
I. NOTIFICATIONS PURSUANT TO ARTICLE XVII: 4( A) OF THE GATT 1994 AND PARAGRAPH 1
OF THE UNDERSTANDING ON THE INTERPRETATION OF ARTICLE XVII (S TATE TRADING )
19. Some 30 notifications were submitted within this context.  Only one of them was environment
related.  The measure specified in the notification was participation of different associations of
environmental standards adopted by the regulatory body on fuel price setting process.7
J. NOTIFICATIONS RELATED TO REGIONAL TRADE AGREEMENTS (RTA S) INCLUDING THE
UNDERSTANDING ON THE INTERPRETATION OF ARTICLE XXIV OF GATT 1994
20. Table 6 (page 23) captures Regional Trade Agreements notified in 1998, which had
environment-related provisions.  Practically all of these included general exceptions related to
environment.
K. TRADE -RELATED ASPECTS OF THE INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS (TRIPS)
21. Among the TRIPS notifications made in 1998, one contained environment-related provision,
which was:  “In economic cases, the court may disallow the settlement reached between the parties
only when its content contradicts the law or principles of community life or if it aims at circumventing
the law and also when such decision is required to protect the environment or to protect the
appropriate quality of production (Article 479(13), § 2 C.C.P)".8
L. NOTIFICATION PURSUANT TO ARTICLE III.3 OF THE GENERAL AGREEMENT ON TRADE IN
SERVICES
22. There was one environment-related notification within this context (S/C/N/83) in 1998, which
was made under Article III, paragraph 3, of the General Agreement on Trade in Services. The
notification related to the revision of Law Relating to the Prevention of Marine Pollution and
Maritime Disaster.
M. NOTIFICATIONS ON TARIFF AND NON-TARIFF MEASURES
23. Within this context, three notifications touched upon environmental related measures, which
included fats, oils and skins of fish, whales and other marine mammals and importation of fossil
fuels.9
II. TRADE POLICY REVIEWS
24. In the Trade Policy Reviews carried out in 1998, environmental measures were mentioned,
mainly under import/export restrictions, government environment policies or programmes. These
measures are specified in Table 7 (page 25).
25. In the TPR of Hong Kong, China (WT/TP R/G/52), certain sectoral measures were
environment related. Only a few items were under absolute prohibition like chlorofluorocarbons,
trichloroethane, tetrachloromethane, hydrobromofluorocarbons and halons.  Endangered species of
animals and plants including their parts or derivatives such as worked ivory; rhinoceros horn; tigerbone or other parts; bear gall bladders, bile and bile power; medicine containing or claiming to
contain rhinoceros or tiger ingredients; and manufactured products of certain species were also under
restrictions.  Hong Kong, China also had a programme to provide a mechanism to enable the
protection of beaches and the seabed within Hong Kong, China.
                                                     
7 G/STR/N/2-3/CRI.
8 G/MA/NTM/QR/1/Add.5.
9 WTO documents, NTM/W/6/Rev.4/Add.1, NTM/W/6/Rev.4/Add.2, NTM/W/6/Rev.4/Add.2/Supp.2.WT/CTE/W/118
Page 6
26. In the TPR of Japan (WT/TPR/S/32), environment-related trade controls, prohibitions and
sanctions were mentioned.  Import prohibitions for items listed in the CITES were specified in the
Import Control Order.
27. Other than those related to health, public security or environmental safety, changes since 1995
in the list of items subject to import quotas involved elimination and tariffication of quotas on anumber of agricultural products in connection with the WTO Agreement on Agriculture.  Japan
applied import quotas to manufactured products, which was necessary for health, public security or
environmental safety.  In fisheries, most of the import quotas maintained have shown little change
over the past several years.  According to the authorities, if Japan had permitted unlimited access to its
fishery market it might have triggered an increase in  the fisheries catch targeting the Japanese market,
thereby jeopardizing the sustainable utilization of fisheries resources.
28. In the TPR of South Africa (WT/TPR/S/34), it was stated that import controls were currently
maintained in terms of the 1963 Import and Export Control Act, of the 1988 Import Control
Regulations, on the following products:  used goods, waste and scrap;  radioactive and chemical
elements and radioactive isotopes;  new pneumatic tyres; cadmium, and ozone-depleting substances.
South Africa prohibited imports of certain used goods, waste and hazardous materials.  Pesticides
such as aldrin, dieldrin, mercury compounds and cert ain mixtures of isomers were also banned from
import, while imports of others (e.g. inorganic arsenic compounds, chlordane, DDT) were severely
restricted.
29. Namibia's TPR (WT/TPR/S/37), cite d endangered wildlife and articles thereof, subject to the
provisions of the convention on international trad e in endangered species (CITES) were subject to
licensing by the Ministry of Environment and Tourism.  Export prohibitions were applied to roundlogs or any other form of unprocessed wood.  The Government of Namibia approved an extensive
environment assessment policy (EAP), requiring that  an environmental impact assessment be carried
out for all developments  which had a potentially significant impact on the environment.  EAP was
based on the "integrated environmental management" approach, which was user-friendly and
advocated cost and time efficiency.  The costs were borne by the project promoters.
30. The TPR of Australia (WT/TPR/ G/41), mentioned export licensing restrictions in keeping
with international agreements on the environment.  Export controls on liquefied natural gas, coal,
mineral sands, bauxite and alumina were removed in March 1997.  Export licensing restrictions also
applied to items relating to the Montreal Protocol and the Basel Convention.  Special permission,
which was required for the export of unprocesse d wood and woodchips were being progressively
removed, provided that mechanisms to ensure sustainable forest use were in place.
31. The TPR of Jamaica (WT/TPR/S/42), referred to  import prohibitions and licensing applied on
certain products for environmental reasons.  Prohibitions included goods covered by the Basel
Convention, substances included in the Montreal Protocol and the CITES.
32. There was a national policy to integrate environmental and developmental issues through the
Ministry of Environment and Housing, Division of Environmental Protection and Conservation, and
the Natural Resources Conservation Authority (NRCA).  The NRCA was also in charge of enforcingregulations under the Wildlife Protection Act, the Beach Control Act, and the
Watershed Protection Act.  The NRCA Act required that permission be obtained before undertaking
any enterprise, construction or development anywhere in Jamaica or its territorial sea.   This
requirement was implemented through the introduction of a permit and licences system in 1996.  The
categories of activities subject to the permit and licences system, as well as the procedures to obtainthe permits, were defined in the Natural Resources (Prescribed Areas) (Prohibition of Categories of
Enterprise, Construction and Development) Order, 1996, and the Natural Resources Conservation
(Permits and Licences) Regulations, 1996.  The system, which became operative on 1 January 1997,
required firms to obtain a licence before dischargin g commercial effluent in the environment.  TheWT/CTE/W/118
Page 7
granting of the licence was subject to the payment of a fee.  Firms would be required to undergo an
environmental audit of their operations, to identify areas of waste and possibilities for recycling and
re-using materials.
33. The Environmental Foundation of Jamaica (EFJ), created in 1992 by the Governments of
Jamaica and the United States under the Enterprise of the Americas Debt Reduction Agreement,provided funding for environmental projects.  Inte rest owed by Jamaica to the U.S. Government on
certain portions of public debt may be deposited in an environmental fund administered by the EFJ.
The Environmental Action Programme (ENACT), was aimed at supporting projects to identify and
solve environmental problems.
34. The TPR of Argentina (WT/TPR/S/47), mentioned Article 41 of the Constitution, which
provided for the right to a healthy and balanced en vironment, and the duty to preserve it.  Article 41
also stipulated the obligation to repair environmental damage and the prohibition of entry into thecountry of dangerous or radioactive waste.  Legislation on dangerous wastes, the use of substances
damaging the ozone layer and on ship pollution, was approved in 1992;  in 1990, Argentina notified
existing legislation on environmental protection and pollution prevention and monitoring, to the then
GATT Working Group on Domestically Prohibited  Goods and Other Hazardous Substances.
35. The 1992 legislation on hazardous waste sought to regulate importation, production, handling,
transport, disposal, storage, and other acts.  An environmental tax (evaluation and surveillance rate)
was applied each year to hazardous-waste generators;  the rate was calculated on a percentage (up to 1
per cent) of the average profit of the activity generating hazardous waste.  The penalty for violation of
the law was imprisonment of up to 25 years.  To pr event or remedy alterations to the environment,
mining enterprises had to maintain reserve funds equivalent to an amount up to 5 per cent of theiroperational costs and benefits from extraction activities;  if used, this amount was exempt from profit
tax liabilities.  At the sub-regional level, the harmonization of environmental provisions in
MERCOSUR was intended to promote sustainable development and ensure that environmental
measures did not become barriers to regional trade.
36. The TPR of Trinidad and Tobago (WT/TPR/S/49), contained environmental policies. The
Environmental Management Authority, established by the Environmental Management Act of 1995
and reporting to the Ministry of Planning and Development, was responsible for bringing together and
redrafting a patchwork of more than 40 pieces of environment-related legislation which were scattered
among some 28 government agencies.  The Authority was also in charge of formulating a
National Environmental Policy as well as specific sectoral policies, of coordinating activities with the
government and with non-governmental organizations and of establishing and monitoring compliance
with environmental standards and criteria.  To meet this goal, the Authority issued Certificates ofEnvironmental Clearance.  Environmental issues were also administered by other government and
non-governmental organizations, including the In stitute of Marine Affairs on marine-related
environmental issues, and the Ministry of Planni ng and Development on non-marine-related issues.
37. The Government, recognizing the need to incorporate environmental concerns in business
operation and planning, had introduced environmental criteria in the investment incentive approvalprocess. Where it was deemed necessary, investment projects were required to complete an
Environmental Impact Assessment, and in the future would require a  Certificate of Environmental
Clearance from the Environmental Management Au thority.  The Ministry of Energy and Energy
Industries was responsible for monitoring and ensuring that all activities in the energy sector had
minimal impact on the environment, and had assumed th e role of initiator and co-ordinator of oil-spill
prevention and emergency-response planning.  In order to provide a comprehensive framework for
marine pollution prevention and compensation, the Government was formulating a new legislation
which incorporated the provisions of international conventions.   A Code of Practice for the Prevention
and Control of Pollution in the petroleum sector was also to be prepared.WT/CTE/W/118
Page 8
38. The TPR of Indonesia (WT/TPR/S/51), included trade prohibitions, quantitative restrictions,
trade sanctions and import bans or prohibitions among other purposes, also for environmental ones.
The bulk of the restrictions concerned chemical products, including waste and pesticides. As a
signatory of the Montreal and Vienna Conventions, Indonesia banned trade in chlorofluorocarbons
and conformed with the decisions taken by the parties to the Basel Convention.
39. Regarding export restrictions and controls, until the economic crisis, Indonesia maintained a
number of controls, bans, high taxes and regulations restricting exports of a wide variety of
agricultural, forestry, mining and industrial products.  World Bank reports pointed out some negative
side effects of some of these export restrictions.  For example, there was growing evidence that export
taxes on logs and timber, by depressing domestic prices for such commodities, encouraged inefficient
logging practices, an unsustainable pace of logging, and ultimately the gradual replacement of an
efficient export industry (logging) by a less ef ficient downstream processing industry (plywood).
Other economic side effects of such export restrictions included the establishment of powerful export
cartels (wood and wood products, etc.), to capture the "economic rent" associated with the restraints.
40. Export bans and prohibitions concerned mainly live fishery products, wildlife, hides and skins
of certain animals such as reptiles.  Their aim was to protect endangered species and prevent the
exportation of dangerous material.  Export taxes existed on a wide range of forest products (notablylogs, sawn timber and rattan) and mining and metal products (concentrates of copper, aluminium
waste, etc).
41. The TPR of Canada (WT/TPR/S/53), contained licensing, prohibitions and other quantitative
restrictions on trade. There were no major changes in Canada's system of trade controls and
restrictions over the past two years.  These measures were in place, among other purposes, also forenvironmental and economic purposes.  In addition, as noted in the previous TPR, other trade
prohibitions or controls were introduced under the Montreal Protocol, implemented through Ozone-
Depleting Substances Regulations, and under the Basel Convention through Export and Import of
Hazardous Waste Regulations.  Trade in endangered species, restricted by the CITES, was under the
purview of Environment-Canada.  Toxic substances may be prohibited under regulations on toxicproducts, as provided for in the Canadian Environmental Protection Act (CEPA).  For example, a
prohibition on the manufacture, sale and importation of a chemical considered to be toxic was notified
to the WTO TBT Committee in October 1997.
10  After being challenged under both the NAFTA and
the Agreement on Internal Trade, prohibitions on the importation and inter-provincial trade of the fuel
additive MMT were removed in 1998.
42. In a paper presented to the WTO Committee on Trade and Environment in March 1997,
Canada described its experience  in the forest products sectors, where government, industry and othermembers of society have in the past faced challenges in integrating trade and environment policy
concerns.
11
43. The TPR of Togo  (WT/TPR/S/48), mentioned standards and ecological and other technical
requirements.  Togolese standards and regulations did not distinguish between imported products and
national products, unless there was some specific characteristic of the product concerned.
44. Togo adopted environmental regulations in November 198812, which declared to be of general
interest:  the preservation of the environment, the maintenance or restoration of the resources, the
prevention or limitation of activities likely to degrade the environment and jeopardize the health of
persons or their goods and repairing or compensating for the damage done to the environment.  Togo
                                                     
10 WTO document G/TBT/Notif.97.684, 17 October 1997.  The product was (4-chlorophenyl)
cyclopropylmethanone, O-[(4-nitrophenyl)methyl]oxi.
11 "Forestry - A National Experience", WT/CTE/W/81, 11 March 1998.
12 Act No. 88-14 of 3 November 1988.WT/CTE/W/118
Page 9
was a member of the International Tropical Timber Organization (ITTO) and a signatory of the
CITES.
45. An Interministerial Environment Commission was responsible for coordinating State actions
on environmental matters, both technical and legal.  An Environment Intervention Fund was designed
to finance operations to restore the environment and to control pollution.  The Fund's resources camefrom State grants, from the proceeds of taxes allocated to the Fund, from the proceeds of fines and
confiscation for infringements and from the financial assistance provided by institutions of
international cooperation or any other institutions (acting on behalf of the environment).
13  A
National Environment Committee was responsible for giving opinions on any environmental matter
submitted to it by the supervizing Minister.  As of March 1998, there was no environmental standard
in force in Togo and no legal text to apply the provisions had been adopted.
46. The TPR of Burkina Faso (WT/TPR/S/46), mentioned that most of the quantitative
restrictions on imports were dismantled.  Only prohibitions remaining in effect were imposed for
reasons of security or compliance with international agreements signed by Burkina Faso, for example
the Montreal Protocol.  In 1997, Burkina Faso adopted an Environment Code.14   The basic principles
of this Code were fighting desertification, ensuring healthier and better living conditions,
implementing international agreements ratified by  Burkina Faso on environmental conservation, and
prevention and management of disasters.  The Mini stries of Environment and Mining collaborated in
implementing some of these measures.  Burkina Faso ratified the Montreal Protocol and its London
and Copenhagen Amendments regulating the use of gases harmful to the ozone layer.  Products
containing such substances were subject to a Special Import Authorization.   Batteries containing
mercury might not be imported.  An Order also  banned the import of asbestos-based products.
47. The TPR of Mali (WT/TPR/S/43) cited that quantitative restrictions and licensing were
abolished. However, some prohibitions were retained for reasons of safety or health or to comply with
international conventions to which Mali is a signatory like the Montreal Protocol. The Investment
Code  of Mali regarded the effects on the environment as one of the criteria for assessing projects
submitted for approval. In addition, the Government was framing a National Environmental ActionPlan (PNAE).  A Law
15 on the Living Environment was approved in 1991 and laid down waste-
elimination procedures, prohibited water pollution and made the discharge of polluting substances
into the air subject to prior authorization.  No implementing decree had been issued as yet.
Procedures were in progress for the signing of the CITES.  A law16 protected wildlife and its habitat;
it provided for hunting seasons to be laid down by Order and defined protected species.  The
exploitation of forestry resources was also governed by a law17 which defined clearance procedures,
protected species and customary rights.
48. The TPR of India (WT/TPR/S/33) mentioned prohibited items for import, which were
contained in Part I of the Negative List of Imports related to the fulfilment of international obligations
such as the CITES.  As of 1 April 1997, the list of prohibited items contained, by broad categories,
seven items, with the sub-item on wild animals. Bureau of  Indian Standards issued standards certified
under a voluntary scheme for products, quality systems and environmentally friendly products.Goods subject to export prohibition were listed in the Negative List of Exports, Part I, of the Export
and Import Policy 1997/98-2001/02.  These prohibitions were maintained, according to the
authorities, for socio-cultural and environmental reas ons and to give effect to obligations arising out
of commitments to international conventions such as the CITES.
                                                     
13 As of November 1998 the Environment Intervention Fund was not operational.
14 Law No. 005/97/ADP of 30 January 1997 on Burkina Faso's Environment Code and Decree 97-
110/PRES of 17 March 1997 enacting this Law.
15 Law 91-047/AN/RM on protection of the general and living environment.
16 Law 95-031 determining the management conditions for wildlife and its habitat.
17 Law 95-004 determining the management conditions for forestry resources.WT/CTE/W/118
Page 10
49. Regarding export licencing, some goods were subject to export licensing and listed in the
Negative List of Exports, Part II, of the Expo rt and Import Policy 1997/98-2001/02. As a signatory to
the Montreal Protocol, India restricted, through li censing, chemicals included in Annex A and B to the
Protocol on substances that deplete the ozone layer.   Other licensing restrictions were maintained,
according to the authorities, among other reasons also for environmental reasons, major internationalenvironmental conventions.
50. Nigeria's TPR (WT/TPR/S/39), mentioned that  Nigeria submitted proposals on the issue of
exports of Domestically Prohibited Goods (DPG) to the WTO Committee on Trade and
Environment18.  The draft decision submitted in 1996 drew on elements of the 1991 draft GATT
Decision on this subject, including,  inter alia , the definition of product coverage, the obligation of
exporting countries to notify other WTO Members of DPGs they export if these were not already
being notified under another international instrument, and the need to ensure that measures taken forthe purpose of the Decision were in conformity with WTO rules.  The draft Decision included
provisions for technical assistance to Members, for enquiry points, and it encouraged exporting
Members to consider whether the measures they applied to DPGs domestically should also be applied
to exports.  Nigeria established "Vision 2010 Committee", which would suggest ways to give
adequate attention to the protection of the environment.
51. The TPR of Swaziland (WT/TPR/S/38), mentioned that all imports still required an import
permit.  However, it was expected that the import permit requirement would be abolished and that
Swaziland would work on a negative list of items which would still be subject to import control.  This
list, which was already being prepared and was awai ting approval by the authorities, comprized, used
engines and vehicles and wild-animal products.  The list would be updated on a continuous basis
depending on, among other considerations also on environmental considerations.  Indigenous plants
imported from the region required a permit issued by the National Trust Commission. This body also
protected local plant species and it maintained a list of protected and specially protected species for
which an export permit would be required.
52. Turkey's TPR (WT/TPR/S/44), specified taxes levied on imports and domestic goods for
environment purposes, like environment related duties applied on all motor vehicles.  Substances
relevant to the Montreal Protocol, and irradiating materials were also cited among the goods subject to
restrictions.
53. The TPR of Hungary (WT/TPR/S/40), cited import licencing and permits required for
hazardous materials and endangered species.  Hungary had technical regulations and standards to
preserve the environment and it applied environmental standards to domestic and foreign products
alike.
                                                     
18 WTO documents WT/CTE/W/14, 27 November 1995 and WT/CTE/W/32.WT/CTE/W/118
Page 11
ENVIRONMENT-RELATED NOTIFICATIONS:  SEARCH WORDS
IN ALPHABETICAL  ORDER
1. Basel Convention
2. bio
3. carbon
4. CITES
5. clean
6. climate
7. conserv(ation)
8. desertification
9. eco-label
10. ecolog(y)
11. emissions
12. endangered
13. energy
14. environment
15. extinct
16. fauna
17. flora
18. forest
19. green (house)
20. hazardous
21. Kyoto Protocol
22. Montreal Protocol
23. natural resources
24. ozone
25. packag(ing)
26. pollution
27. preserv(ation)
28. recycle
29. renewable
30. soil erosion
31. sustainable
32. toxic
33. waste
34. wildlifeWT/CTE/W/118
Page 12Table 1:  Agreement on Technical Barriers to Trade
NUMBER OF THE
NOTIFICATIONCOUNTRY
NOTIFYINGPRODUCT OR ISSUE OBJECTIVE
G/TBT/Notif.98/138 United States Kitche n ranges and ovens Energy efficiency
G/TBT/Notif.98/142 The Netherland s Construction products Energy saving
G/TBT/Notif.98/162 Switzerland Construction pr oducts and works Adaptation to new law
G/TBT/Notif.98/242 France Motor vehicles Identif ication of vehicles contributing to air
pollution abatement
G/TBT/Notif.98/244 Belgium Asbestos Ban of fibre chrysotile
G/TBT/Notif.98/246 Denmark Gas engines Limit values for emissions
G/TBT/Notif.98/250 Thailand Accreditation of certificati on bodies To provide rules for environmental management
system
G/TBT/Notif.98/251 Thailand Certification of environmental management
systemTo establish requirements for certification o f
environment management system
G/TBT/Notif.98/264 The Netherlands Fuels excluding kerosene To reduce dioxin levels
G/TBT/Notif.98/273 France Measurement of asbestos fibres by electron
microscopyTo assess the state of conservation o f
asbestos/containing materials
G/TBT/Notif.98/322 France Mercury thermometers To reduce risk from mercury
G/TBT/Notif.98/329 The Netherlands Sludge traps, fat and oil separators To improve good flow of sewage system
G/TBT/Notif.98/334 Bolivia Petroleum and bituminous minerals other than
crudeTo preserve environment
G/TBT/Notif.98/335 Bolivia CFC 12 To protect the ozone layer
G/TBT/Notif.98/344 The Netherlands Depositing domestic waste Environmental protection
G/TBT/Notif.98/345 The Netherlands Housing and accommodation installations To provide general rules for environment
protection
G/TBT/Notif.98/347 El Salvador Asphalt Environment protection
G/TBT/Notif.98/352 The Netherlands Building materials To prevent water and soil erosion
G/TBT/Notif.98/352 Canada Energy efficiency Environment protection
G/TBT/Notif.98/364 The Netherlands Establishments used in the retail trade Protect environment against these establishments
G/TBT/Notif.98/382 Republic of Korea Processed foods, , beverages, liquors,
confectionery, fruits, underwear etc.Environment protection
G/TBT/Notif.98/388 Thailand Motorcycles Environment protection
G/TBT/Notif.98/392 The Netherlands Motor vehicle establ ishments Environment management and rules for these
establishmentsWT/CTE/W/118
Page 13NUMBER OF THE
NOTIFICATIONCOUNTRY
NOTIFYINGPRODUCT OR ISSUE OBJECTIVE
G/TBT/Notif.98/394 The Netherlands Draft decree of rules for textile cleaning
establishmentsProvides general environmental regulations
related to textile cleaning establishments
G/TBT/Notif.98/397 The Netherlands Spraying equipment for paints and lacquers Environment protection
G/TBT/Notif.98/4 The Netherlands Aqueous fractions released by decomposition o f
manureTo have low emission applications of aqueous
fractions and cleaning water
G/TBT/Notif.98/425 Norway Nickel cadmium batteries To separate collection of these batteries
G/TBT/Notif.98/426 Switzerland Non/renewable ener gies Reduction of consumption of these energies
G/TBT/Notif.98/438 Canada Electrical appliances Environment protection
G/TBT/Notif.98/447 The Netherlands Waste Environment protection
G/TBT/Notif.98/448 The Netherlands Wooden products Forest protection
G/TBT/Notif.98/452 Hong Kong/China Compact fluorescent lamps Introduction of a voluntary labelling scheme for
these lamps
G/TBT/Notif.98/453 Sweden Electrical/electronic equipment Environment protection
G/TBT/Notif.98/460 Republic of Korea Disposable cups, dishes  and containers Environment protection and conservation o f
resources
G/TBT/Notif.98/470 The Netherlands Utility build ings Saving energy for environment protection
G/TBT/Notif.98/481 The Netherlands Natural gas heated tumble dr yers for house use Aims to prevent emission of combustion gases
G/TBT/Notif.98/539 Belgium Civil engineering works, fertilizers, soil
conditioners, animal feed, inputs for
manufactured productsTo prevent and reduce waste production
G/TBT/Notif.98/545 Denmark Windows, outer doors Energy labelling system
G/TBT/Notif.98/546 Denmark Insulated glass units Energy labelling system
G/TBT/Notif.98/591 United States Household appliances  and other products Energy efficiency compliance
G/TBT/Notif.98/625 The Netherlands Envir onmental regulations for transport and
storage companiesEnvironment protection
G/TBT/Notif.98/629 The Netherlands Gas Environment protection
G/TBT/Notif.98/65 Denmark Products containi ng mercury Protection of environment
G/TBT/Notif.98/7 The Netherlands Cons truction products Energy efficiency
G/TBT/Notif.98/81 Japan Cars, household electrical appl iances etc To promote rationalization of energy use
G/TBT/Notif.98/454 France Heating, ventilation, hot water and refrigeration
installationsEnvironment protection
G/TBT/Notif.98/457 Canada Ozone depleting substances Environment protection
G/TBT/Notif.98/458 Belgium All products including packaging Environment protection
G/TBT/Notif.98/463 The Netherlands Packaging, motor vehicles, tankers, tanks Environment protectionWT/CTE/W/118
Page 14 NUMBER OF THE
NOTIFICATIONCOUNTRY
NOTIFYINGPRODUCT OR ISSUE OBJECTIVE
G/TBT/Notif.98/469 Belgium All products and packaging Environment protection
G/TBT/Notif.98/471 The Netherlands Soft drinks and waters Environment protection
G/TBT/Notif.98/484 The Netherlands Loading and unloading lines of inland navigation
vesselsEnvironment protection
G/TBT/Notif.98/485 Mexico CFC compounds Environment protection
G/TBT/Notif.98/486 Mexico New cars and lorries Environment protection
G/TBT/Notif.98/488 Poland Waste To regulate waste management
G/TBT/Notif.98/533 Bolivia Hazardous  wastes Environment protection
G/TBT/Notif.98/537 Bolivia Hazardous  wastes Environment protection
G/TBT/Notif.98/538 Bolivia Hazardous  wastes Environment protection
G/TBT/Notif.98/544 Sweden Vehicles Ascertain that vehicles fulfill exhaust emission
control
G/TBT/Notif.98/556 Norway Mobile off-shore units Environment protection
G/TBT/Notif.98/570 Canada Gasoline Environment protection
G/TBT/Notif.98/573 Singapore Hazardous  substances Environment protection
G/TBT/Notif.98/579 The Netherlands Waste To improve waste disposal
G/TBT/Notif.98/580 The Netherlands Building demolition waste Environment protection
G/TBT/Notif.98/581 The Netherlands Refrigera tors and freezers containing CFC and
HCFCEnvironment protection
G/TBT/Notif.98/100 Belgium Eco-taxes Environment protection
G/TBT/Notif.98/101 Belgium Eco-taxes Environment protection
G/TBT/Notif.98/102 Belgium Eco-taxes Environment protection
G/TBT/Notif.98/103 Belgium Eco-taxes Environment protection
G/TBT/Notif.98/140 France Used batteries and accumulators Environment protection
G/TBT/Notif.98/141 Thailand Heavy duty diesel  engine vehicles Environment protection
G/TBT/Notif.98/143 The Netherlands Ozone layer depleting substances Environment protection
G/TBT/Notif.98/156 Belgium Agricultural pesticides Environment protection
G/TBT/Notif.98/157 Mexico Paints and coatings Environment protection
G/TBT/Notif.98/173 The Netherlands Synthetic materials and metals in the production
of coffinsEnvironment protection
G/TBT/Notif.98/174 The Netherlands Cadmium containing products Environment protection
G/TBT/Notif.98/202 Canada Toxic substances Environment protection
G/TBT/Notif.98/220 Belgium Eco-taxes Environment protection
G/TBT/Notif.98/21 European Commission Pestic ide active substance Environment protectionWT/CTE/W/118
Page 15NUMBER OF THE
NOTIFICATIONCOUNTRY
NOTIFYINGPRODUCT OR ISSUE OBJECTIVE
G/TBT/Notif.98/26 European Commission Pestic ide active substance Environment protection
G/TBT/Notif.98/27 EC Pesticide active substance Environment protection
G/TBT/Notif.98/29 Belgium Eco-taxes Environment protection
G/TBT/Notif.98/30 Belgium Eco-taxes Environment protection
G/TBT/Notif.98/31 Belgium Eco-taxes Environment protection
G/TBT/Notif.98/34 The Netherlands Components containing asbestos Environment protection
G/TBT/Notif.98/47 Belgium Eco-taxes Environment protection
G/TBT/Notif.98/5 The Netherlands Coatings containing PAH Environment protection
G/TBT/Notif.98/6 The Netherlands Storage of drainage water, liquid fuels and
processed oilTo avoid ground contamination
G/TBT/Notif.98/68 Thailand Gasoline engine vehicles Environment protection
G/TBT/Notif.98/69 Thailand Light duty diesel  engine vehicles Environment protection
G/TBT/Notif.98/72 The Netherlands Mining installations Environment protection
G/TBT/Notif.98/79 Czech Republic Chemicals, co mpounds and preparations Environment protection
G/TBT/Notif.98/9 Sweden Tanks for flammable liquids To prevent water pollution
G/TBT/Notif.98/95 Belgium Individual tr eatment systems Environment protection
G/TBT/Notif.98/98 Belgium Waste Waste management
G/TBT/Notif.98/294 Japan Motor vehicles To prevent air pollution
G/TBT/Notif.98/184 Brazil Waste of veterinary drugs Environment protection
G/TBT/Notif.98/535 Bolivia Solid waste standards Environment protection
G/TBT/Notif.98/536 Bolivia Solid waste standards Environment protectionWT/CTE/W/118
Page 16Table 2:  Agreement on Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures
NUMBER OF THE
NOTIFICATIONCOUNTRY NOTIFYING PRODUCT/MEASURE OBJECTIVE
G/SPS/N/Philippines/8 Philippines Domestic and wild birds Protection of animals
G/SPS/N/USA/121 United States Rhododendrons from Europe Plant protection
G/SPS/N/Costa Rica/21 Costa Rica Pesticide residues, vegetables, crops Prevent environmental contamination
G/SPS/N/Mexico/132 Mexico Newly sawn wood Plant protection
G/SPS/N/Mexico/133 Mexico Newly sawn wood and plywood Plant protection
G/SPS/N/Netherlands/134 The Netherlands Plant protection products and pesticides Plant protection
G/SPS/N/Panama/13 Panama Pesticides Plant protection
G/SPS/N/Panama/14 Panama Rice, maize, sugar cane, bananas To protect plant health and environment
G/SPS/N/Panama/32 Panama Additives, fertilizers, pesticides Environment protection
G/SPS/N/USA/111 United States Pesticide additive ingredients Environment protection
G/SPS/N/USA/113 United States Pesticide additive ingredients Environment protection
G/SPS/N/USA/115 United States Prometryn Environment protection
G/SPS/N/USA/129 United States Time limited pesticide tolerance Plant health
G/SPS/N/USA/131 United States Pesticides Environment protection
G/SPS/N/USA/139 United States Plant regulators Environment protection
G/SPS/N/Italy/64 Italy Hares Environment protection
G/SPS/N/USA/137 United States Solid wood packaging from China Environment protection
G/SPS/N/Korea/49 Republic of Korea Various plants Plant protection
G/SPS/N/El Salvador/8 El Salvador Various plants Plant protection
G/SPS/N/Canada/44 Canada Wood Plant protection
G/SPS/N/Korea/52 Republic of Korea Plants and their products Plant protectionWT/CTE/W/118
Page 17Table 3:  Agreement on Subsidies and Countervailing Measures
NUMBER OF THE
NOTIFICATIONCOUNTRY
NOTIFYINGMEASURE/PROGRAMME TITLE OBJECTIVE
G/SCM/N/38/EEC/Add13 EC (for Spain) Envi ronmental subsidies, to re-utilization of oils Environment protection
G/SCM/N/38/EEC/Add15 EC (for  UK) Subsidy programmes for energy efficiency, environmental technologies
and innovation schemeEnvironment protection
G/SCM/N/38/EEC/Add14 EC (for Sweden) E nvironmental aid, investment grants for ecologically sustainable
developmentEnvironment protection
G/SCM/N/25/EEC/Add.1 EC (for Austria) Aid to environmental protection measures and waste water management
programmesEnvironment protection
G/SCM/N/25/EEC EC (for Denmar k) Agricultural investments to improve environment, and loan guarantees for
these investmentsEnvironment protection
G/SCM/N/25/EEC/Add.4 EC (for Fi nland) Environmental loans for SMEs Environment protection
G/SCM/N/25/EEC EC (for Ireland) Relief for bio-fuel pilot projects Environment protection
G/SCM/N/25/EEC EC (for German y) Promotion of efficient use of energy Energy efficiency
G/SCM/N/25/EEC EC (for Italy) Ra tionalizing the use of energy and renewable energy resources,
reconversion of asbestos production, reduction of energy consumptionEnergy efficiency and
environment protection
G/SCM/N/25/EEC EC (for
Luxembourg)Aid for environment protection and rational use of energy Energy efficiency and
environment protection
G/SCM/N/25/EEC EC (for
Netherlands)Philips Eco-design; reference projects on environment technologies Environmental technologies
development
G/SCM/N/25/EEC EC (for Sweden) Env ironmental aid programme, support for landscape conservation and
bio-diversity, support for conservation of local breeds threatened by
extinctionEnvironment conservation
G/SCM/N/25/USA USA Clean coal  demo programme Utilization of environmentally
clean energy resources
G/SCM/N/38/EEC/Add.1 EC (for Austria) Waste water management Environment protection
G/SCM/N/38/EEC/Add.3 EC (for Denmar k) - Grant scheme for collection and recovery of waste oil
- Subsidy for waste, recycling and cleaner technologiesEnvironment protection
G/SCM/N/38/NOR Norway Assistance to environmenta l improvement,  cleaner technology, waste
reduction, recycling, hazardous waste,  new energy programmesEnvironment management and
protection
G/SCM/N/3-16-25/TUN Tunisia Incentives for pollution control and environment protection Environment protection
G/SCM/N/38/JPN Japan Subsidy for pollution prevention fund Environment protection
G/SCM/N/25/EEC EC (for UK) New and renewable energy programs Energy
G/SCM/N/38/KOR Republic of Korea Grant for low emissi on diesel technology development Environment protectionWT/CTE/W/118
Page 18 NUMBER OF THE
NOTIFICATIONCOUNTRY
NOTIFYINGMEASURE/PROGRAMME TITLE OBJECTIVE
G/SCM/N/1/EEC/2 EC Payments under environm ental programmes Environment protection
G/SCM/N/38/SVN Slovenia Fund for environmenta l development Environment development and
protection
G/SCM/N/16-25-38/MEX Mexico Subsidies for prevention and contro l of environmental  contamination Environment protection
G/SCM/N/1/PAN Panama Exceptions to countervailing duties among which are assistance to
promote adaptation of existing facilities to new environmentalrequirements imposed by new laws and regulationsAdaptation to new
environmental laws
G/SCM/N/25/THA Thailand Investment promotion incentives for factories facing environmental
problemsAdaptation to environmental
requirements
G/SCM/N/38/CHE Switzerland Apricot cultivation subsid ies  being determined, among other factors, by
environmental charges accepted by the producerEnvironment preservation
G/SCM/N/38/EEC/Add.2 EC  (for Belgium) S ubsidies for environment protecting investments Environment protection
G/SCM/N/38/EEC/Add.6 EC (for Germ any) Biotechnology 2000 programme Promoting preventive research
in the area of environment
G/SCM/N/38/EEC/Add.7 EC (for Greece) Law No: 2601/98 on subsidies to contribute to the protection of the
environment and energy savingEnvironment protection and
energy saving
G/SCM/N/38/EEC/Add.8 EC (for Ir eland) Subsidy programme for pure bred berry herds of cattle Environment and heritage
conservation
G/SCM/N/38/EEC/Add.9 EC (for It aly) Subsidy scheme for realization of National Energy Plan Energy efficiency and
environment protection
G/SCM/N/38/JPN/Supp.1 Japan Subsidy for the developmen t of housing technology;  to harmonise it with
the environmentEnvironment protection
G/SCM/N/38/KOR Republic of Korea Subsidies for environmental engineering and technological development
programmesEnvironment protection
G/SCM/N/3-16-38/USA United States Programmes to realise envir onmentally compatible subsonic aircraft Environment protection
G/SCM/N/25/EEC EC (for Spai n) Aid for the indigenous species of Cantabria Saving indigenous species from
extinction
G/SCM/N/38/JPN Japan Subsidies for bekko and ivory industries Relieving industries, which
were injured by CITESWT/CTE/W/118
Page 19Table 4:  Agreement on Agriculture
NUMBER OF THE
NOTIFICATIONCOUNTRY
NOTIFYINGMEASURE/PROGRAMME TITLE OBJECTIVE
G/AG/N/AUS/20 Australia - Sand and water resources research and development
- National climate variability programme- Sustainable use of land, water and vegetation
- Improve the use of climate forecasts
G/AG/N/AUS/18 Australia National feral animal control pr ogramme Reduce the damage to the environment, and
agriculture caused by feral animals
G/AG/N/ZAF/21 South Africa Domestic suppor t commitment for soil conservation works
and conversion of marginal landsResource conservation and environmental
management
G/AG/N/CHE/13 Switzerland Live bovine animals Conservation of endangered native breeds
G/AG/N/CYP/7 Cyprus - Environm ental programmes research
- Subsidies for soil conservation works and plant protection
associationsEnvironment protection
G/AG/N/CZE/ 17 Czech Republic Landscape conservation Environment protection
G/AG/N/EEC/12 EC Structural adjustment assistance provided through resource
retirement programmeLeaving or suspending agricultural production
G/AG/N/I ND/1 India Market price support, payments under environmental
programmes for soil conservation and desert developmentSoil conservation, desert development
G/AG/N/KEN/4 Kenya Range land developmen t services To conserve range lands
G/AG/N/KEN/5 Kenya Conservation of rang e resources To conserve range lands
G/AG/N/USA/17 United States - Pollution prevention model
- Natural resource conservation service
- Great plains and agricultural conservation
- Environmental payments, soil and water loansEnvironment protection
G/AG/N/AUS/21 Australia Assistance progra mmes for net-food-importing countries-
Africa programme to combat desertificationCombat desertification
G/AG/N/BRA/10 Brazil Environmental mappi ng and information collection Env ironmental information gathering
G/AG/N/CHE/15 Switzerland Payments for special ecological services, environmentally
friendly wine growing methods etc.Environment protection
G/AG/N/CHL/18 Chile Land reclamati on and restore productivity of soil Environment protection
G/AG/N/COL/8 Colombi a Technical research and development for improving
agricultural productivity and protect environmentEnvironment protection
G/AG/N/ISL/11 I celand Promotion of organic production Environment protection
G/AG/N/KOR/18 Republic of
KoreaPayments for prevention of soil erosion and soil
acidificationSoil protectionWT/CTE/W/118
Page 20 NUMBER OF THE
NOTIFICATIONCOUNTRY
NOTIFYINGMEASURE/PROGRAMME TITLE OBJECTIVE
G/AG/N/SVK/14 Slovak Repub lic Ecological procedures Environment protection
G/AG/N/SVN/8 Slovenia Reducti on of substantial environmental damage, control of
damage sources, support for environmental projectsEnvironment protection
G/AG/N/THA/29 Thailand Envi ronment promotion programmes, encouragement of
utilization of non-chemicalsEnvironment protection
G/AG/N/ARG/4 Argentina Prevent and control desertification Combat desertificationWT/CTE/W/118
Page 21Table 5:  Agreement on Import Licencing Procedures
NUMBER OF THE
NOTIFICATIONCOUNTRY
NOTIFYINGSUBJECT OBJECTIVE
G/LIC/N/3/HKG/2 Hong
Kong,ChinaReplies to questionnaire on import licencing, responses regarding ozone depleting
substances, hazardous waste and endangered species and animals, radioactive
substancesEnvironment protection
G/LIC/N/3/ NZL/1/Add.1 New Zealand Replies to questionnaire on import licencing, responses regarding procedures for
materials dealt under Basel ConventionEnvironment protection
G/LIC/N/1/ARG/2 Argentina Replies to  questionnaire on import licencing, regarding import procedures for
nuclear elements, protection of local wild fauna and flora, etcEnvironment protection
G/LIC/N/3/ISL/ 1 Iceland Replies to questionnaire on import licencing, regarding ozone protection, radioactive
goods, hazardous and health related goodsEnvironment protection
G/LIC/N/3/PHL/2 Phi lippines Replies to questionnaire on import licencing, regarding radioactive materials and
ozone depleting substancesEnvironment protection
G/LIC/N/3/MLT/2 Malta Replies to questionnaire on import licen cing, regarding radioactive materials Environment protection
G/LIC/N/3/USA/2 United States Replies to  questionnaire on import licencing, regarding radioactive materials, nuclear
facilities, endangered plants, species, fish, wildlifeEnvironment protection
G/LIC/N/3/MAC/2 Macau Replies to ques tionnaire on import licencing, regarding ozone depleting substances,
species under CITES CodeEnvironment protection
G/LIC/N/1/ NER/1 Niger Replies to questionnaire on import licencing, regarding hydrocarbon fuels Environment protection
G/LIC/N/3/TUR/2 Turkey Replies to questionnaire on import licencing, regarding radioactive elements and
hazardous chemicalsEnvironment protection
G/LIC/N/3/ KOR/2 Republic of
KoreaReplies to questionnaire on import licencing, regarding toxic substances and
chemicals, endangered animals and plants, wastes, nuclear materials, ozone depleting
substancesEnvironment protection
G/LIC/N/1/BRA/1 Brazil List of products subject to import licencing procedures, regarding products which
may cause environmental damage (Notified under articles 1.4(a), 5 and 8.2(b) a.Environment protection
G/LIC/N/3/BOL/2 Bolivia Replies to questionnaire on import licencing, regarding products which may damage
environment and human healthEnvironment protection
G/LIC/N/3/BRA/1 Brazil Replies to ques tionnaire on import licencing, regarding products which are subject to
non-automatic licencing and may cause environmental damage (Notified under
article 7.3)Environment protection
G/LIC/N/3/I ND/1 Indonesia Regulations on selected imported g oods, which among other aims, intend to protect
the environment, within the framework of international agreementsEnvironment protection
G/LIC/N/3/JAM/1 Jamaica Among the purposes of Jamaica's import licencing, environment is specified Environment protectionWT/CTE/W/118
Page 22 NUMBER OF THE
NOTIFICATIONCOUNTRY
NOTIFYINGSUBJECT OBJECTIVE
G/LIC/N/3/TTO/ 2 Trinidad and
TobagoNon-automatic import licencing for environmental concerns Environment protection
G/LIC/N/1/PHL/1 Phili ppines Administrative orders regarding environmentally hazardous substances Environment protection
G/LIC/N/1/ZWE/2 Zimbabwe Statutory in strument 557 on control of goods related to wildlife (Notified under
articles 1.4(a) and 8.2(b))Environment protection
G/LIC/N/1/TUR/2/Rev.1 Turkey A pproval necessity for import licencing for radioactive substances (Notified under
articles 1.4(a) and 8.2(b))Environment protectionWT/CTE/W/118
Page 23Table 6:  Regional Trade Agreements
NUMBER OF THE
NOTIFICATIONCOUNTRIES
INVOLVEDCONTEXT OF THE MEASURE OBJECTIVE
WT/REG/56/2 Czech Republic and
IsraelFree Trade Agreement, Article 15; General Exceptions, which
enables restrictions on imports, exports or goods in transit, justified
on grounds of environmental measuresEnvironment protection
WT/REG/35/3 Slovenia and Lithuania Free Trade Agreem ent, III-General Provisions-General Exceptions,
which enables restrictions on imports, exports or goods in transit,
justified on grounds of protecting the environmentEnvironment protection
WT/REG/49/1 Poland and Lithuania Free Trade Agreemen t, Article 18; general exceptions provided for
environmental concernsEnvironment protection
WT/REG/57/2 Slovak Republic and
IsraelFree Trade Agreement, Article 15 on general exceptions provided for
environmental concernsEnvironment protection
WT/REG/58/1 Turkey and Hungary Free Trade Agreem ent, Article 22, regarding non-economical reasons
for restrictions for protection of fauna and floraEnvironment protection
WT/REG/61/1 Turkey and Lithuania Free Trade Agr eement, Article 23, general exceptions regarding
protection of the environmentEnvironment protection
WT/REG/62/1 Czech Republic and
EstoniaFree Trade Agreement, Article 20, protection of human and animal
lifeEnvironment protection
WT/REG/63/1 Slovak Republic and
EstoniaFree Trade Agreement, Article 20, general exceptions regarding
environment protectionEnvironment protection
WT/REG/54/1 Israel and Hungary F ree Trade Agreement, Article 15, general exceptions, prohibition
and restriction of trade on environmental measuresEnvironment protection
WT/REG/38/2 Canada and Chile Free Trade Agreement, Institutional Dispute Settlement Procedures
under general provisions, dispute settlement in relation to the
environmental conservation agreementsEnvironment protection
WT/REG/38/4 Canada and Chile Answers of the par ties to the questions of the Members regarding
dispute settlement in relation to the environmental and conservation
agreementsEnvironment protection
WT/REG/42/3 Bulgaria and Slovak
RepublicFree Trade Agreement, general provisions, exceptions and
reservations regarding restrictions to trade on grounds of animal and
plant protectionEnvironment protection
WT/REG/45/3 Slovak Republic and
LatviaFree Trade Agreement, general provisions, restrictions and
exceptions for trade on grounds of animal and plant protectionEnvironment protection
WT/REG/47/3 Latvia and Czech
RepublicFree Trade Agreement, general provisions, restrictions and
exceptions for trade on grounds of animal and plant protectionEnvironment protectionWT/CTE/W/118
Page 24 NUMBER OF THE
NOTIFICATIONCOUNTRIES
INVOLVEDCONTEXT OF THE MEASURE OBJECTIVE
WT/REG/46/3 Lithuania and Slovak
RepublicFree Trade Agreement, general provisions, restrictions and
exceptions for trade on grounds of animal and plant protectionEnvironment protection
WT/REG/48/3 Lithuania and Czech
RepublicFree Trade Agreement, general provisions, restrictions and
exceptions for trade on grounds of animal and plant protectionEnvironment protection
WT/REG/59/1 Turkey and Romania Free Trade Agreemen t, Article 20, general exceptions regarding the
protection of fauna, flora and the environmentEnvironment protection
WT/REG/62/2 Slovak Republic and
EstoniaFree Trade Agreement, general provisions, exceptions, reservations
for the protection of fauna, flora, restriction of substances depleting
the ozone layerEnvironment protection
WT/REG/63/2 Czech Republic and
EstoniaFree Trade Agreement, general provisions, exceptions, reservations
for the protection of fauna, flora, restriction of substances depleting
the ozone layerEnvironment protection
WT/REG/38/M/1 Canada and Chile Examination of Canada-Chile FTA, point 56 of minutes of the
meeting regarding dispute settlement within MEAsEnvironment protection
WT/REG/11/9 CEFTA (Czech and
Slovak Republics)CEFTA Q and A Session, trade restrictions regarding uranium,
waste, scrap paper and ferrous waste which existed due to
environmental reasons to be liftedEnvironment protection
WT/REG/34/3 Latvia and Slovenia Free Trade Agreement, general provisions, exceptions, reservations
for the protection of environmentEnvironment protection
WT/REG/39/1 EC Establishment of the EC, services Environment protection
WT/REG/41/4 Bulgaria and Czech
RepublicCEFTA Q and A Session, trade restrictions regarding uranium,
waste, scrap paper and ferrous waste which existed due toenvironmental reasons to be liftedEnvironment protection
WT/REG/42/4 Bulgaria and Slovak
RepublicCEFTA Q and A Session, trade restrictions regarding uranium,
waste, scrap paper and ferrous waste which existed due to
environmental reasons to be liftedEnvironment protection
WT/REG/61/1 Turkey and Lithuania Free Trade Agreemen t, Article 23 regarding general exceptions for
trade restrictions on grounds of environment protectionEnvironment protectionWT/CTE/W/118
Page 25Table 7:  Trade Policy Reviews
NUMBER OF THE
TRADE POLICY
REVIEW OR
RELATED
DOCUMENTCOUNTRY MEASURE/PROGRAMME OBJECTIVE
WT/TPR/G/52 Hong Kong
ChinaImport and export controls implemented by Hong Kong on ozone depleting substances,
endangered species and animals within the framework of CITES, waste within the
framework of Basel ConventionEnvironment protection
WT/TPR/S/34 South Africa Goods subject to  import control, various scrap and waste within the framework of Basel
Convention, irradiating substances, plant prot ection according to the International Plant
Protection LawProtection of the
environment and health
WT/TPR/S/37 Namibia Import licencing for trade in endang ered species, export prohibitions regarding wood,
supply side measures in agriculture related to the environment, environmental policies
etc.Environment protection
WT/TPR/G/41 Australia Export licencing restrictions for su bstances related to the Montreal Protocol and Basel
Convention, quarantine regime etcEnvironment protection
WT/TPR/S/42 Jamaica Import prohibitions and licencing re garding the goods covered in the Montreal Protocol,
CITES and Basel Convention and environment policiesEnvironment protection
WT/TPR/S/47 Argentina Export licencing requirements fo r conservation of wildlife and the environment,
assistance provided for research and development on environmental matters, other
environmental measures, MERCOSUR level ma rking and labelling requirements like
food packaging standards for plastic and metallic recipientsEnvironment protection
WT/TPR/S/49 Trinidad and
TobagoProtection of Plant Varieties Act, environmental policies, etc Environment protection
WT/TPR/S/51 Indonesia Bans on import of substances rela ted to Montreal Protocol, Basel Convention, new
environmental lawsEnvironment protection
WT/TPR/S/53 Canada Licencing, prohibitions and other restri ctions on trade-related  to Montreal Protocol, Basel
Convention and CITESEnvironment protection
WT/TPR/S/32 Japan Trade controls, prohibitions and sancti ons related to CITES, initiatives for environmental
reasons, introduction of "Energy Star" programme in cooperation with the US,
deregulation action plan covering environment related matters, etcEnvironment protection
WT/TPR/S/33 India Import prohibitions and other measur es related to CITES, issuance of standards for
environmentally friendly products, incentives for small scale industries for pollution
control, etcEnvironment protectionWT/CTE/W/118
Page 26 NUMBER OF THE
TRADE POLICY
REVIEW OR
RELATED
DOCUMENTCOUNTRY MEASURE/PROGRAMME OBJECTIVE
WT/TPR/S/39 Nigeria Technical measures maintained for environment protection, import restrictions for
products related to CITES and Basel Convention, controlling waste dump into Nigeria by
Toxic Waste Dump WatchEnvironment protection
WT/TPR/S/36 Lesotho National Environment Action Plan to reverse environment and land degradation, National
Environmental Youth Corps in rehabilitating land and creating employment for the youth,
recycling of agricultural and industrial goodsEnvironment protection
WT/TPR/S/43 Mali Import restrictions on substances related to Montreal Protocol, National Environment
Action Plan on waste elimination and water pollution, law on exploitation of forests, etcEnvironment protection
WT/TPR/S/46 Burkina Faso Prohibition and licencing procedures for substances related to Montreal Protocol,
Environment Law on combating desertification, National Land Management Programme,
National Environment Management CouncilEnvironment protection
WT/TPR/S/48 Togo Introduction of ecological standards, introduction of National Plan of Action for
Environment and Forestry, etcEnvironment protection
WT/TPR/S/38 Swaziland Quantitative restrictions, import licencing, prohibitions and other controls on grounds of
protecting the environmentEnvironment protection
WT/TPR/S/40 Hungary Import licencing and permits required for hazardous materials, endangered species,
technical regulations and standards to preserve the environment.Environment protection
WT/TPR/S/50 Uruguay Prohibitions applied to the importation of hazardous waste Environment protection
WT/TPR/S/45 Solomon
IslandsImport prohibitions and controls in relation with CITES Environment protection
WT/TPR/S/35 Botswana Import prohibitions and contro ls in relation with CITES Environment protection
WT/TPR/S/44 Turkey Environment fund contribution requ irement on all motor vehicles, import restrictions
regarding ozone depleting substances within the framework of Montreal ProtocolEnvironment protection
WT/TPR/G/54 Guinea Energy policy plans, among other aims to pr omote new and renewable forms of energy Environment protection
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