RESTRICTED
ORGANIZACI ÓNMUNDIAL WT/ACC/CHN/4
4dediciembre de1996
DEL COMERCIO(96-5091)
Original: inglés
GRUPO DETRABAJO SOBRE LAADHESI ÓNDECHINA
Comunicación deChina
Laversión revisada adjunta delaLista deCompromisos Específicos relativos alcomercio de
servicios deChina1,defecha 21denoviembre de1996, querefleja losresultados delasnegociaciones
sobre servicios celebradas entreChina ylosMiembros delaOMC desde enero de1995, sedistribuye
alosmiembros delGrupo deTrabajo apetición delaRepública Popular deChina.
1Inglés solamente.WT/ACC/CHN/4
Page3
CHINA -SCHEDULE OFSPECIFIC COMMITMENTS
(Revised version, October 1996)
Note
1. Thisnewversion oftheSchedule ofSpecific Commitments ofChina isprepared taking into
account oftheprinciples andrules provided forintheGATS andreflecting theresults ofservices
negotiations heldbetween China andWTO Members since January 1995.
2. This document contains revisions andtechnical corrections oftheSchedule ofSpecific
Commitments ofChina submitted inOctober 1995, ascontained inWTO document Spec(88)13/Add.19.
3. Thisdocument maycontain technical errors, misprints and/or omissions. China therefore
reserves therighttomake amendments and/or corrections tothisSchedule ofSpecific Commitments
torectify anyerrors, misprints and/or omissions.
4. Thewords withstrikeout shallbedeleted, andthewords withshade shallbeadded tothe
Schedule ofSpecific Commitments.WT/ACC/CHN/4
Page5CHINA -SCHEDULE OFSPECIFIC COMMITMENTS
(Revised Version, October 1996)
Modes ofsupply: (1)Cross-border supply (2)Consumption abroad (3)Commercial presence (4)Presence ofnatural persons
Sector orsub-sector Limitations onmarket access Limitation onnational treatment Additional commitment
I.HORIZONTAL COMMITMENTS
ALL SECTORS
INCLUDED INTHIS
SCHEDULE(3)InChina, foreign invested enterprises include
foreign capital enterprises (also referred toas
wholly foreign-owned enterprises) andjoint-
ventures enterprisesand there aretwotypes of
joint-ventures enterprises: equity joint ventures
andcontractual joint ventures.
Theproportion offoreign investment inan
equity joint venture shall benolessthan25per
centoftheregistered capital ofthejoint
venture.
Theestablishment ofbranches byforeign
enterprises isunbound asthelaws and
regulations onbranches offoreign enterprises is
areunder formulation.
Representative offices offoreign enterprises are
allowed permitted tobeestablished inChina,
buttheyshall notengage inanyprofit-making
activities except fortherepresentative offices
under CPC 861, 862, 863, 86502 inthe
sectoral specific commitments.(3)Unbound foralltheexisting subsidies to
domestic services suppliers inthesectors of
audiovisual, aviation andmedical services.1
1China reserves therighttomodify, revise andwithdraw thiscommitment inaccordance withtheoutcome ofthefuture negotiations ontheissue ofsubsidies under theframework ofGATS.WT/ACC/CHN/4
Page6CHINA (continued)
Modes ofsupply: (1)Cross-border supply (2)Consumption abroad (3)Commercial presence (4)Presence ofnatural persons
Sector orsub-sector Limitations onmarket access Limitations onnational treatment Additional commitments
ThelandinthePeople 'sRepublic ofChina is
State-owned. Useoflandbyenterprises and
individuals issubject tothefollowing maximum
term limitations:
(a)70years forresidential purposes;
(b)50years forindustrial purposes;
(c)50years forthepurpose ofeducation,
science, culture, public health andphysical
education;
(d)40years forcommercial, tourist and
recreational purposes;
(e)50years forcomprehensive utilization or
other purposes.WT/ACC/CHN/4
Page7CHINA (continued)
Modes ofsupply: (1)Cross-border supply (2)Consumption abroad (3)Commercial presence (4)Presence ofnatural persons
Sector orsub-sector Limitations onmarket access Limitations onnational treatment Additional commitments
(4)Unbound except formeasures concerning the
entry andtemporary stayofanatural persons
whofallsintooneofthefollowing
categories:
(a)Managers, executives andspecialists defined
assenior employees ofacorporation ofa
Member totheGATS thathasestablished
arepresentative office, branch orsubsidiary
intheterritory ofthePeople 'sRepublic of
China, temporarily moving asintracorporate
transferees, shall bepermitted entry foran
initial period ofthree years'sstay;
(b)Managers, executives andspecialists defined
assenior employees ofother Members
totheGATS, being engaged intheforeign
invested enterprises intheterritory ofthe
People 'sRepublic ofChina forconducting
business, shall begranted along-term stay
permit asstipulated intheterms ofcontracts
concerned oranminimum initial stayof
three years, which everisshorter;(4)Unbound except forthemeasures
concerning theentry andtemporary stayof
anatural persons whofallsintothe
categories referred tounder themarket
access column.WT/ACC/CHN/4
Page8
CHINA (continued)
Modes ofsupply: (1)Cross-border supply (2)Consumption abroad (3)Commercial presence (4)Presence ofnatural persons
Sector orsub-sector Limitations onmarket access Limitations onnational treatment Additional commitments
(c)Service salespersons -persons notbased in
theterritory ofthePeople 'sRepublic of
China andreceiving noremuneration from a
source located within China, andwhoare
engaged inactivities related torepresenting
aservice supplier forthepurpose of
negotiation forthesaleofservices ofthat
supplier where: (a)such sales arenot
directly made tothegeneral public; and(b)
thesalesperson isnotengaged insupplying
theservice. :Eentry forsalespersons is
limited toa90-day period;WT/ACC/CHN/4
Page9CHINA (continued)
Modes ofsupply: (1)Cross-border supply (2)Consumption abroad (3)Commercial presence (4)Presence ofnatural persons
Sector orsub-sector Limitations onmarket access Limitations onnational treatment Additional commitments
II.SECTOR -SPECIFIC COMMITMENTS
1.BUSINESS SERVICES
A.Professional services
(a)Legal services (CPC 861)
excluding Chinese law
practice)(1)None
(2)None
(3)Foreign lawfirms canprovide legal services
onlybytheform ofrepresentative office in
Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, Shenzhen,
Haikou, Dalian, Qingdao, Ningbo, Yantai,
Tianjin, Suzhou, Xiamen, Zhuhai, Hangzhou,
Fuzhou, Wuhan, Chengdu, Shenyang and
Kunming only.
Therepresentative offices inChina shall not
exceed thenumber of80.Aforeign lawfirm
canonlyestablish onerepresentative office in
China.
Thebusiness scope offoreign lawfirms'
representative office islimited tothefollowing:(1)None
(2)None
(3)None Allrepresentatives shall beresident in
China nolessthansixmonths each year.
Therepresentative office shall notemploy
Chinese practitioner lawyers.WT/ACC/CHN/4
Page10
CHINA (continued)
Modes ofsupply: (1)Cross-border supply (2)Consumption abroad (3)Commercial presence (4)Presence ofnatural persons
Sector orsub-sector Limitations onmarket access Limitations onnational treatment Additional commitments
(a)providing clients withconsultancy onhome
country 'slaw,international treaty andpractice,
toprovide itsclients withconsultancy onthe
legislation ofthecountry/region where the
lawyers ofthelawfirmarepermitted toengage
inlawyer 'sprofessional work, andon
international Conventions andpractices;
(b)handling legal affairs onbehalf ofandentrusted
byChinese clients andlawfirms inthecountry
inwhich thelawfirmisregistered forlegal
business;
tohandle, when entrusted byitsclients or
Chinese lawfirms, legal affairs ofthe
country/region where thelawyers ofthelaw
firmarepermitted toengage inlawyers '
professional work;
(c)acting onbehalf offoreign clients toentrust a
Chinese lawfirmtodealwithlegal affairs in
theterritory ofChina.
toentrust, onbehalf offoreign clients,
Chinese lawfirms todealwiththeChinese
legal affairs.WT/ACC/CHN/4
Page11CHINA (continued)
Modes ofsupply: (1)Cross-border supply (2)Consumption abroad (3)Commercial presence (4)Presence ofnatural persons
Sector orsub-sector Limitations onmarket access Limitations onnational treatment Additional commitments
Thechief representative shall beapartner of
alawfirmandamember ofthebarofhis
country andpractises home country lawforfive
consecutive years alsomember ofthebarofthe
country/region where he/she haspractised
lawyers 'professional work fornolessthanfive
consecutive years.
Other representatives shall bepractitioner
lawyers whoaremembers ofthebaroftheir
country andpractise lawintheir country for
more thanthree years thecountry (countries)/
region (regions) where theyhave practised
lawyers 'professional work fornolessthan
three consecutive years.
Alltherepresentatives shall beresident inChina
nolessthansixmonths each year.
Theforeign lawfirms'representative offices
shall notemploy Chinese lawyers.
(4)Unbound except asindicated inhorizontal
commitments.(4)Unbound except asindicated inhorizontal
commitments.WT/ACC/CHN/4
Page12
CHINA (continued)
Modes ofsupply: (1)Cross-border supply (2)Consumption abroad (3)Commercial presence (4)Presence ofnatural persons
Sector orsub-sector Limitations onmarket access Limitations onnational treatment Additional commitments
(b)Accounting, auditing
andbookkeeping
services (CPC 862)
(c)Taxation services
(CPC 8630)
F.(c) Financial management
consulting services
(CPC 86502)(1)None
(2)None
(3)(a)AfForeign accounting firms isare
permitted toestablish representative
offices inChina. Such representative
offices areprohibited from supplying
auditing services.
Thechief representative shall holdtheCPA or
equivalent professional titleofhis/her home
country.
(b)Foreign accounting firms which meet the
following conditions arepermitted to
establish acontractual joint-venture
accounting firmwithChinese partner in
China:
(i) withprofessional personnel noless
than200; and
(ii) withannual business income noless
thanUS$20 million.
Oneforeign accounting firmcanonlyestablish
onejoint venture-accounting firminChina.(1)None
(2)None
(3)Thestaffmembers oftherepresentative
offices must holdtheCPA orequivalent titles
oftheir home countries.
Theforeign professional staffmembers
employed byacontractual joint-venture
accounting firmmust holdtheCPA or
equivalent titles oftheir home countries.
NoneWT/ACC/CHN/4
Page13CHINA (continued)
Modes ofsupply: (1)Cross-border supply (2)Consumption abroad (3)Commercial presence (4)Presence ofnatural persons
Sector orsub-sector Limitations onmarket access Limitations onnational treatment Additional commitments
TheChief Executive Officer ofthe
joint-venture accounting firmshall hold
theCPA orequivalent professional title
ofhis/her home country.
(c)International accounting firms are
permitted torecruit Chinese accounting
firms astheir member firms.
Foreigners employed bythemember
firms shall beprofessionals and
approved bytheMinistry ofFinance.
(4)Unbound except asindicated inhorizontal
commitments andthefollowing: employees
offoreign accounting firms canobtain
temporary permission topractice
auditing services inChina.(4)Unbound except asindicated inhorizontal
commitments.WT/ACC/CHN/4
Page14CHINA (continued)
Modes ofsupply: (1)Cross-border supply (2)Consumption abroad (3)Commercial presence (4)Presence ofnatural persons
Sector orsub-sector Limitations onmarket access Limitations onnational treatment Additional commitments
(d)Architectural services
(CPC 8671)(1)Only intheform ofthrough cooperation
withChinese partners.
(2)None
(3)Only informs ofjoint ventures.
(4)Unbound except asindicated inhorizontal
commitments.(1)None
(2)None
(3)Registered architects orenterprises engaged
inarchitectural services inhome country.
(4)Unbound except asindicated inhorizontal
commitments.
(e)Engineering services
(CPC 8672)
(f)Integrated engineering
services (CPC 8673)(1)Foreign services suppliers canprovide
services intheform ofOnly through
cooperation withChinese partners.
(2)None
(3)Only informs ofjoint ventures.
(4)Unbound excepted asindicated inhorizontal
commitments.(1)None
(2)None
(3)Registered engineers orenterprises engaged
inengineering services inhome country.
(4)Unbound except asindicated inhorizontal
commitments.
(g)Urban planning
(excluding general
urban planning)
(CPC 8674)(1)None Only through cooperation with
Chinese partners.
(2)None
(3)Only informs ofjoint ventures.
(4)Unbound except asindicated inhorizontal
commitments.(1)None
(2)None
(3)None Registered engineers orenterprises
engaged inurban planning services inhome
country.
(4)Unbound excepted asindicated inhorizontal
commitments.WT/ACC/CHN/4
Page15CHINA (continued)
Modes ofsupply: (1)Cross-border supply (2)Consumption abroad (3)Commercial presence (4)Presence ofnatural persons
Sector orsub-sector Limitations onmarket access Limitations onnational treatment Additional commitments
(h)Medical anddental
services (CPC 9312)(1)None
(2)None
(3)Wholly foreign-owned hospitals orclinics
(i.e.foreign-capital enterprises) arenot
permitted, butforeign services suppliers are
permitted toestablish equity joint-venture or
contractual joint-venture hospitals orclinics
withChinese partners withquantitative
limitations inlinewithChina 'sneeds.
(4)Foreign doctors withprofessional certificates
issued byhome state shall bepermitted to
provide short-term medical services inChina.
Thelicence shall beobtained from thehealth
authorities atprovincial level after they
obtain licences from theMinistry ofPublic
Health. Theterm ofservice issixmonths
andmaybeextended tooneyear.(1)None
(2)None
(3)Themajority ofthedoctors andmedical
personnel ofthejoint-venture hospitals and
clinics shall beofChinese nationality.
(4)Unbound except asindicated inhorizontal
commitments.WT/ACC/CHN/4
Page16CHINA (continued)
Modes ofsupply: (1)Cross-border supply (2)Consumption abroad (3)Commercial presence (4)Presence ofnatural persons
Sector orsub-sector Limitations onmarket access Limitations onnational treatment Additional commitments
B.Computer andrelated
services
(a)Consultancy services
related totheinstallation
ofcomputer hardware
(CPC 841)(1)None
(2)None
(3)None
(4)IUnbound except asindicated inhorizontal
commitments.(1)None
(2)None
(3)None
(4)Certified engineers, orpersonnel with
Bachelor 'sdegree (orabove) and3-years
ofexperience inthese fields.
(b)Software
implementation services
(CPC 842)
-Systems andsoftware
consulting services
(CPC 8421)
-Systems analysis
services
(CPC 8422)(1)None
(2)None
(3)Only informs ofjoint ventures.
(4)Unbound except asindicated inhorizontal
commitments.(1)None
(2)None
(3)None
(4)Certified engineers, orpersonnel with
Bachelor 'sdegree (orabove) and3-years
ofexperience inthese fields.WT/ACC/CHN/4
Page17CHINA (continued)
Modes ofsupply: (1)Cross-border supply (2)Consumption abroad (3)Commercial presence (4)Presence ofnatural persons
Sector orsub-sector Limitations onmarket access Limitations onnational treatment Additional commitments
-Systems design
services
(CPC 8423)
-Programming services
(CPC 8424)
-Systems maintenance
services
(CPC 8425)(1)Unbound
(2)None
(3)Only informs ofjoint ventures.
(4)Unbound except asindicated inhorizontal
commitments.(1)Unbound
(2)None
(3)None
(4)Certified engineers, orpersonnel with
Bachelor 'sdegree (orabove) and3-years
ofexperience inthese fields.
(c)Data-processing services
(CPC 843)
-Input preparation
services
(CPC 8431)(1)None
(2)None
(3)Only informs ofjoint ventures.
(4)Unbound except asindicated inhorizontal
commitments.(1)None
(2)None
(3)None
(4)Certified engineers, orpersonnel with
Bachelor 'sdegree (orabove) and3-years
ofexperience inthese fields.WT/ACC/CHN/4
Page18CHINA (continued)
Modes ofsupply: (1)Cross-border supply (2)Consumption abroad (3)Commercial presence (4)Presence ofnatural persons
Sector orsub-sector Limitations onmarket access Limitations onnational treatment Additional commitments
-Data-processing and
tabulation services
(CPC 8432)
-Time-sharing services
(CPC 8433)(1)Foreign information suppliers canprovide
services bysigning business contracts with
thecompetent authority (theMinistry ofPost
andTelecommunications) which arranges the
circuit andthedesignated gateway. None2
(2)None
(3)None
(4)Unbound except asindicated inhorizontal
commitments.(1)Foreign service suppliers canonlybe
terminal users ofthecircuit andarenot
permitted toestablish networks inChina.
(2)None
(3)None
(4)Certified engineers, orpersonnel with
Bachelor 'sdegree (orabove) and3-years
ofexperience inthese fields.
(e)Maintenance andrepair
services ofoffice
machinery and
equipment including
computers (CPC 845)(1)Unbound*
(2)None
(3)Only informs ofjoint ventures.
(4)Unbound except asindicated inhorizontal
commitments.(1)Unbound*
(2)None
(3)None
(4)Certified engineers, orpersonnel with
Bachelor 'sdegree (orabove) and3-years
ofexperience inthese fields.
2Foreign service suppliers canprovide services bysigning business contracts withthecompetent authority (theMinistry ofPostandTelecommunications) which arranges thecircuit andthedesignated
gateway.
*Unbound duetolackoftechnical feasibility.WT/ACC/CHN/4
Page19CHINA (continued)
Modes ofsupply: (1)Cross-border supply (2)Consumption abroad (3)Commercial presence (4)Presence ofnatural persons
Sector orsub-sector Limitations onmarket access Limitations onnational treatment Additional commitments
D.Real estate services
(a)Real estate services
involving ownorleased
property
(CPC 821)(1)None
(2)None
(3)Only informs ofjoint ventures.
(4)Unbound except asindicated inhorizontal
commitments.(1)None
(2)None
(3)None
(4)Unbound except asindicated inhorizontal
commitments.
(b)Real estate services ona
feeorcontract basis
(CPC 822)(1)None
(2)None
(3)Only informs ofjoint ventures.
(4)Unbound except asindicated inhorizontal
commitments.(1)None
(2)None
(3)None
(4)Unbound except asindicated inhorizontal
commitments.WT/ACC/CHN/4
Page20CHINA (continued)
Modes ofsupply: (1)Cross-border supply (2)Consumption abroad (3)Commercial presence (4)Presence ofnatural persons
Sector orsub-sector Limitations onmarket access Limitations onnational treatment Additional commitments
E.Rental andleasing
services without
operators
(CPC 8310)(1)None
(2)None
(3)Foreign services suppliers whomeet the
following conditions arepermitted toprovide
services inChina ontrialbasis intheform of
equity joint venture only:
(a) foreign investment inthejoint venture
shall notexceed 50percent;
(b) foreign investors shall befinancial
institutions, andhave thecapability of
collecting funds abroad;
(c) theregistered capital ofthejoint
venture shall benolessthan
US$10 million.
(4Unbound except asindicated inhorizontal
commitments.(1)None
(2)None
(3)None
(4)Unbound except asindicated inhorizontal
commitments.WT/ACC/CHN/4
Page21CHINA (continued)
Modes ofsupply: (1)Cross-border supply (2)Consumption abroad (3)Commercial presence (4)Presence ofnatural persons
Sector orsub-sector Limitations onmarket access Limitations onnational treatment Additional commitments
F.Other business services
(a)Advertising services
(CPC 871)(1)Foreign services suppliers whowant tosolicit
advertisement from China shall conduct
advertising business through theChinese
advertising agents possessing theright to
operate foreign advertisement. Only through
Chinese advertising agents which have the
right tooperate foreign advertisements.
(2)None Only through Chinese advertising
agents which have theright tooperate foreign
advertisements.
(3)Foreign enterprises engaged inadvertising
services canestablish advertising companies
inChina onlyinforms ofjoint ventures.
(4)Unbound except asindicated inhorizontal
commitments.(1)Unbound None
(2)None
(3)None
(4)Unbound except asindicated inhorizontal
commitments.
(c)Management consulting
service (CPC 865,
excluding CPC 86502)(1)None
(2)None
(3)Only informs ofjoint ventures.
(4)Unbound except asindicated inhorizontal
commitments.(1)None
(2)None
(3)None
(4)Unbound except asindicated inhorizontal
commitments.WT/ACC/CHN/4
Page22CHINA (continued)
Modes ofsupply: (1)Cross-border supply (2)Consumption abroad (3)Commercial presence (4)Presence ofnatural persons
Sector orsub-sector Limitations onmarket access Limitations onnational treatment Additional commitments
(e)Technical testing and
analysis services
(CPC 8676)
freight inspection
(CPC 749, excluding
statutory inspection)(1)None
(2)None
(3)Foreign services suppliers which have been
engaged ininspection services inhistheir
owncountries formore than3years are
permitted toestablish joint-venture technical
testing, andanalysis andfreight inspection
institutions orcompanies withChinese
partners intheform ofequity joint ventures.
Theregistered capital ofthejoint venture
shall benolessthanUS$500,000.
Thejoint venture shall beinoperation no
more than30years.
(4)Unbound except asindicated inhorizontal
commitments.(1)None
(2)None
(3)None
(4)Unbound except asindicated inhorizontal
commitments.
(f)Services incidental to
agriculture, forestry,
hunting andfishing
(CPC 881, 882)(1)None
(2)None
(3)Only informs ofjoint ventures.
(4)Unbound except asindicated inhorizontal
commitments.(1)None
(2)None
(3)None
(4)Unbound except asindicated inhorizontal
commitments.WT/ACC/CHN/4
Page23CHINA (continued)
Modes ofsupply: (1)Cross-border supply (2)Consumption abroad (3)Commercial presence (4)Presence ofnatural persons
Sector orsub-sector Limitations onmarket access Limitations onnational treatment Additional commitments
(m)Related scientific
technical consulting
services
(CPC 8675)(1)None
(2)None
(3)Only informs ofjoint ventures.
(4)Unbound except asindicated inhorizontal
commitments.(1)None
(2)None
(3)None
(4)Unbound except asindicated inhorizontal
commitments.
-Offshore oilfield
services geological,
geophysical andother
scientific prospecting
services
(CPC 86751)
Sub-surface surveying
services
(CPC 86752)(1)None
(2)None
(3)Only intheform ofpetroleum exploitation in
cooperation withChinese partners.
(4)Unbound except asindicated inhorizontal
commitments.(1)None
(2)None
(3)None
(4)Unbound except asindicated inhorizontal
commitments.
-Onshore oilfield services (1)None
(2)None
(3)Only intheform ofpetroleum exploitation in
cooperation withChina National Petroleum
Corp. (CNPC) inthedesignated areas
approved bytheChinese Government.(1)None
(2)None
(3)Theforeign service supplier shall furnish
CNPC accurately andpromptly withthe
reports onthepetroleum operations, and
shall submit toCNPC thedataand
samples aswellasvarious technological,
economic, accounting andadministrative
reports related topetroleum operations.WT/ACC/CHN/4
Page24CHINA (continued)
Modes ofsupply: (1)Cross-border supply (2)Consumption abroad (3)Commercial presence (4)Presence ofnatural persons
Sector orsub-sector Limitations onmarket access Limitations onnational treatment Additional commitments
Inorder tocarry outthepetroleum contract,
theforeign service supplier shall establish a
branch, subsidiary orrepresentative office
within theterritory ofthePeople 'sRepublic
ofChina andgothrough registration
formalities inaccordance withthelaws.
Thedomiciles ofthesaidoffices shall be
determined through consultation withCNPC.
Theforeign service supplier shall open its
bank account withabank approved bythe
Chinese authorities toengage inforeign
exchange business within theChinese
territory.
Tomeet therequirements oftheBidding
Documents andModel Contract from the
Chinese side.
(4)Unbound except asindicated inhorizontal
commitments.CNPC shall have theownership ofallof
thedatarecords, samples, vouchers and
other original information acquired during
theimplementation ofthepetroleum
operations.
Theforeign service supplier shall use
appropriate andadvanced technology and
managerial experience, andhave the
obligation totransfer itstechnology and
passonitsexperience totheChinese
personnel.
Theinvestment offoreign service
suppliers shall bemade inUSdollars or
other hard currencies.
With regard topersonnel, materials,
equipment, facilities andservices required
inthepetroleum operations, priority shall
begiven totheemployment oftheChinese
subcontractors, provided thattheyare
competitive indelivery, time, price and
quality.
(4)Unbound except asindicated inhorizontal
commitments.WT/ACC/CHN/4
Page25CHINA (continued)
Modes ofsupply: (1)Cross-border supply (2)Consumption abroad (3)Commercial presence (4)Presence ofnatural persons
Sector orsub-sector Limitations onmarket access Limitations onnational treatment Additional commitments
(n)Maintenance andrepair
ofequipment services
(CPC 886)(1)None
(2)None
(3)Only informs ofjoint ventures.
(4)Unbound except asindicated inhorizontal
commitments.(1)None
(2)None
(3)None
(4)Unbound except asindicated inhorizontal
commitments.
(p)Photographic services
(CPC 875)(1)None
(2)None
(3)Only informs ofjoint ventures.
(4)Unbound except asindicated inhorizontal
commitments.(1)None
(2)None
(3)None
(4)Unbound except asindicated inhorizontal
commitments.
(s)Convention services
(CPC 87909)(1)None
(2)None
(3)Only informs ofjoint ventures.
(4)Unbound except asindicated inhorizontal
commitments.(1)None
(2)None
(3)None
(4)Unbound except asindicated inhorizontal
commitments.WT/ACC/CHN/4
Page26
CHINA (continued)
Modes ofsupply: (1)Cross-border supply (2)Consumption abroad (3)Commercial presence (4)Presence ofnatural persons
Sector orsub-sector Limitations onmarket access Limitations onnational treatment Additional commitments
(t)Translation and
interpretation services
(CPC 87905)(1)None
(2)None
(3)Only intheform ofequity joint ventures.
Foreign service suppliers whoshall meet the
following conditions shall bepermitted to
establish joint-venture companies inChina:
(a) withmore than10years of
establishment;
(b) withforeign capital lessthan49per
centoftheregistered capital.
(4)Unbound except asindicated inhorizontal
commitments.(1)None
(2)None
(3)None
(4)Qualifications areasfollows: three years
ofexperience intranslation or
interpretation andagood command ofthe
working language(s).WT/ACC/CHN/4
Page27CHINA (continued)
Modes ofsupply: (1)Cross-border supply (2)Consumption abroad (3)Commercial presence (4)Presence ofnatural persons
Sector orsub-sector Limitations onmarket access Limitations onnational treatment Additional commitments
2.COMMUNICATION
SERVICES
Value-added services
including thefollowing:
h.Electronic mail
i.Voice mail
j.On-line information
anddatabase
retrieval
k.Electronic data
interchange
l.Value-added facsimile
services (including
store andforward,
store andretrieve)
m.Code andprotocol
conversion
n.NoOn-line
information and/or
dataprocessing
(including transaction
processing)(1)Foreign information suppliers canprovide
services bysigning business contracts withthe
competent authority (theMinistry ofPostand
Telecommunications) which arranges the
circuit andthedesignated gateway. None3
(2)None
(3)Unbound
(4)Unbound except asindicated inhorizontal
commitments.(1)None
(2)None
(3)Unbound
(4)Unbound except asindicated inhorizontal
commitments.
3Foreign service suppliers canprovide services bysigning business contract withthecompetent authority (theMinistry ofPostandTelecommunications) which arranges thecircuit andthedesignated
gateway.WT/ACC/CHN/4
Page28CHINA (continued)
Modes ofsupply: (1)Cross-border supply (2)Consumption abroad (3)Commercial presence (4)Presence ofnatural persons
Sector orsub-sector Limitations onmarket access Limitations onnational treatment Additional commitments
3.CONSTRUCTION AND
RELATED
ENGINEERING
SERVICES
(CPC 511, 512, 513,
514, 515, 516, 517)(1)None
(2)None
(3)Only informs ofjoint ventures.
(4)Unbound except asindicated inhorizontal
commitments.(1)None
(2)None
(3)Unbound
(4)Unbound except asindicated inhorizontal
commitments.WT/ACC/CHN/4
Page29CHINA (continued)
Modes ofsupply: (1)Cross-border supply (2)Consumption abroad (3)Commercial presence (4)Presence ofnatural persons
Sector orsub-sector Limitations onmarket access Limitations onnational treatment Additional commitments
4.DISTRIBUTION
SERVICES
C.Retailing services
(CPC 631, 632,
motorcycles in6121)
(excluding rice, edible
oilandsaltinbulkin
CPC 63109,
CPC 63243,
CPC 63245, books,
newspapers and
magazines in
CPC 63253, petsand
agricultural fertilizer in
CPC 63295,
CPC 63297)(1)Unbound
(2)None
(3)Foreign service suppliers arepermitted to
supply services onlyinforms ofjoint
ventures infiveSpecial Economic Zones
(Shenzhen, Zhuhai, Shantou, Xiamen and
Hainan) andsixcities (Beijing, Shanghai,
Tianjin, Guangzhou, Dalian andQingdao).
Ineach place, thetotal ofnomore thantwo
joint-venture retailing corporations are
permitted.
Foreign services suppliers shall bethe
enterprises engaged inretailing services.
(4)Unbound except asindicated inhorizontal
commitments.(1)Unbound
(2)None
(3)Unbound
(4)Unbound except asindicated inhorizontal
commitments.WT/ACC/CHN/4
Page30
CHINA (continued)
Modes ofsupply: (1)Cross-border supply (2)Consumption abroad (3)Commercial presence (4)Presence ofnatural persons
Sector orsub-sector Limitations onmarket access Limitations onnational treatment Additional commitments
5.EDUCATIONAL
SERVICES
(CPC 923, 924)(1)None
(2)None
(3)Unbound
(4)Unbound except asindicated inhorizontal
commitments.(1)None
(2)None
(3)Unbound
(4)Qualifications areasfollows: possession
ofMaster 'sdegree orabove, andan
appropriate professional title(e.g.
professor, senior engineer orlecturer or
above, etc.)WT/ACC/CHN/4
Page31CHINA (continued)
Modes ofsupply: (1)Cross-border supply (2)Consumption abroad (3)Commercial presence (4)Presence ofnatural persons
Sector orsub-sector Limitations onmarket access Limitations onnational treatment Additional commitments
6.ENVIRONMENTAL
SERVICES
(excluding environmental
quality monitoring and
pollution source
inspection)
A. Sewage services
(CPC 9401)
B. Solid waste disposal
Services
(CPC 9402)
C. Cleaning services of
exhaust gases
(CPC 9404)
D. Noise abatement
services
(CPC 9405)
E. Nature andlandscape
protection services
(CPC 9406)
F. Other environmental
protection services
(CPC 9409)(1) Unbound except forenvironmental
consultation services.
(2) None
(3) Foreign services suppliers engaged inthe
environmental services arepermitted to
provide services onlyinforms ofjoint
ventures.
(4) Unbound except asindicated inhorizontal
commitments.(1) None
(2) None
(3) None
(4) Unbound except asindicated inhorizontal
commitments.WT/ACC/CHN/4
Page32CHINA (continued)
Modes ofsupply: (1)Cross-border supply (2)Consumption abroad (3)Commercial presence (4)Presence ofnatural persons
Sector orsub-sector Limitations onmarket access Limitations onnational treatment Additional commitments
7. FINANCIAL
SERVICES
A. Allinsurance and
insurance-related
services
(CPC 812)
(a) Lifeinsurance
provided toforeigners
andChinese citizens
whobearpayment of
premiums by
themselves persons
residing abroad, and
lifeinsurance provided
topersons residing in
China whobear
payment ofpremiums
bythemselves(1) None, other thanthatservice must be
supplied through acommercial presence
with exemption ofinsurance of
international transport involving import and
export, andreinsurance. Unbound except
fortheinternational transport insurance and
reinsurance.
(2) None
(3) A.During theexperimental period, only
twotypes offoreign insurance institutions
arepermitted inShanghai andGuangzhou
China: thebranch ofaforeign insurance
company andtheChinese-foreign
joint-venture insurance company.
Theexperimental areas would begradually
expanded tosome other open coastal cities.
ThefirstonewillbethecityofGuangzhou
nolater than1July1996.
Representative offices areallowed tobe
established inChina.(1) None
(2) None
(3) A.Requirements ofregistered capital
andguarantee funds:
abranch ofaforeign insurance company
underwriting either lifeinsurance or
non-life insurance shall payinasits
guarantee funds US$4 million orequivalent
inother convertible currencies tothebranch
ofthePeople 'sBank ofChina inShanghai;
abranch ofaforeign insurance company
underwriting bothlifeinsurance and
non-life insurance shall payinasits
guarantee funds US$8 million orequivalent
inother convertible currencies tothebranch
ofthePeople 'sBank ofChina inShanghai;WT/ACC/CHN/4
Page33CHINA (continued)
Modes ofsupply: (1)Cross-border supply (2)Consumption abroad (3)Commercial presence (4)Presence ofnatural persons
Sector orsub-sector Limitations onmarket access Limitations onnational treatment Additional commitments
(b)Non-life insurance of
foreign enterprises
abroad, property
insurance, itsrelative
liability insurance and
credit insurance of
foreign capital invested
enterprises inChina
(c)Reinsurance related to
(a)and(b)
(d)Services auxiliary to
insurance (excluding
brokerage andagency
services)B.Qualifications forestablishing aforeign
insurance institution areasfollows:
-theinvestor shall beaforeign insurance
company withmore than30years of
establishment;
-itshall have arepresentative office of
overtwoconsecutive years inChina;
-itshall have totalassets ofmore than
US$5 billion attheendoftheyearprior
toapplication.-theregistered capital ofaChinese foreign
joint insurance company underwriting
either lifeornon-life insurance shall be
US$20 million orequivalent inother
convertible currencies;
-theregistered capital ofaChinese foreign
joint insurance company underwriting
bothlifeandnon-life insurance shall be
US$40 million orequivalent inother
convertible currencies;
-paid-in capital ofaChinese-foreign joint
insurance company shall benolessthan
50percentofitsregistered capital;
-aChinese-foreign joint insurance
company must draw 25percentofthenet
profit after taxeach yearasreserve funds
until thetotalamount ofitspaid-in capital
plusreserve funds istwice asits
registered capital;WT/ACC/CHN/4
Page34CHINA (continued)
Modes ofsupply: (1)Cross-border supply (2)Consumption abroad (3)Commercial presence (4)Presence ofnatural persons
Sector orsub-sector Limitations onmarket access Limitations onnational treatment Additional commitments
B.Other regulations oninsurance business:
Theresponsibility foreach perilous unit
innon-life insurance underwritten bya
foreign insurance institution shall not
exceed 10percentofitstotal netassets,
theexceeded portion shall betransacted
asreinsurance toother insurance
institutions;
theinvestment ofthebranch ofa
foreign insurance company andthe
Chinese foreign joint insurance company
shall besubject tothefollowing
limitations:
purchasing bonds issued by
enterprises notexceeding 10% ofits
total investment;
trust lending inforeign currencies
(itshall have collateral orguarantee
byfinancial institutions; toeach unit
ofequity itslending shall not
exceed 5percentofitstotal
investment, thewhole sumofits
lending shall notexceed 30percent
ofitstotalinvestments);
equity investment (notexceeding
15percentofitstotal investment);
other business operations ratified by
thePeople 'sBank ofChina;WT/ACC/CHN/4
Page35CHINA (continued)
Modes ofsupply: (1)Cross-border supply (2)Consumption abroad (3)Commercial presence (4)Presence ofnatural persons
Sector orsub-sector Limitations onmarket access Limitations onnational treatment Additional commitments
(4)Unbound except asindicated inhorizontal
commitments.senior managerial personnel inaforeign
insurance institution shall notconcurrently
holdimportant positions inother
economic organizations;
aforeign insurance institution shall
appoint acertified public accountant and
actuary, such appointment issubject to
theapproval bythelocal branch ofthe
People 'sBank ofChina inShanghai;
-theforeign insurance institution shall not
conduct thestatutory insurance business.
Requirement ofreinsurance: aforeign
insurance institution shall transact 20per
centofitstotalinsurance business as
reinsurance tothePeople 'sInsurance
Company ofChina.
(4)Unbound except asindicated inhorizontal
commitments.WT/ACC/CHN/4
Page36CHINA (continued)
Modes ofsupply: (1)Cross-border supply (2)Consumption abroad (3)Commercial presence (4)Presence ofnatural persons
Sector orsub-sector Limitations onmarket access Limitations onnational treatment Additional commitments
B.Banking andother
financial services
(excluding insurance)
Banking services
1.Foreign currency
business:
-Deposit-taking4
(CPC 81115, 81116,
81119)
-Payment andmoney
transmission service
including credit,
charge anddebit
cards, travellers '
cheque andbanking
drafts (CPC 81339)(1)Unbound
(2)None
(3)A.Five types offoreign financial institutions
arepermitted toprovide services inChina.
They are:subsidiary ofaforeign bank,
branch ofaforeign bank, Chinese-foreign
joint bank, foreign finance company and
Chinese-foreign joint finance company.
Establishment ofthefivetypes offoreign
financial institutions arelimited tothe
following regions: Shanghai, Shenzhen,
Zhuhai, Hainan, Xiamen, Shantou,
Guangzhou, Fuzhou, Tianjin, Nanjing,
Qingdao, Dalian, Ningbo, Beijing
Shenyang, Shijiazhuang, Xi'an,Hefei,
Hangzhou, Suzhou, Wuhan, Chongqing,
Chengdu, Kunming.(1)Unbound
(2)None
(3)A.Requirements ofregistered capital and
guarantee funds:
-theminimum registered capital ofa
subsidiary offoreign bank anda
Chinese-foreign joint bank shall be
RMBY 300million equivalent in
freely convertible currencies; the
minimum registered capital ofa
foreign finance company anda
Chinese-foreign joint finance
company shall beRMBY 200million
equivalent infreely convertible
currencies; their paid-in capital shall
benolessthan50percent oftheir
registered capital;
-abranch offoreign bank shall be
allocated byitshead office asumof
nolessthanRMBY 100million
equivalent infreely convertible
currencies asitsoperating funds;
4(a)Atthepresent stage, thefivetypes offoreign financial institutions arenotpermitted totakedeposits from citizens residing inChina; buttheycantakedeposits from foreign-invested enterprises andtheycanalsotake
deposits ofloans proceeds from Chinese enterprises from which theyhavegranted theloans.
(b)Each deposit which aChinese-foreign jointfinance company takes shallbenolessthanUS$100,000 oritsequivalent inother convertible currencies foraperiod ofatleastthree months.WT/ACC/CHN/4
Page37CHINA (continued)
Modes ofsupply: (1)Cross-border supply (2)Consumption abroad (3)Commercial presence (4)Presence ofnatural persons
Sector orsub-sector Limitations onmarket access Limitations onnational treatment Additional commitments
-Lending5
(CPC 8113)
-Guarantees
(CPC 81199)
-Trading foraccount
ofcustomers6
(CPC 81333)
-Custodial
depository andtrust
service7
(CPC 8119 or
81319)China willfurther expand theopening
regions totheextent ofother 10cities,
including Beijing, Shenyang andsome other
provincial capitals andeconomic centers.-within 30days from receipt ofthe
approval certificate issued bythe
People 'sBank ofChina, afinancial
institution ofthefivetypes must raise
infullitspaid-in capital oroperating
funds tobeverified byaChinese
certified public accountant whoshall
issue acertificate ofcapital or
operating fund verification;
-asubsidiary ofaforeign bank,
Chinese- foreign joint bank, foreign
finance company andChinese-foreign
joint finance company must draw
25percentofthenetprofit after tax
each yearasreserve until thetotal
amount ofitspaid-in capital plus
reserve funds equals toitsregistered
capital;
5(a)Loans toChinese citizens areexcluded.
(b)Thefivetypes offoreign financial institutions arefreetogrant loans toforeign-capital enterprises, equity jointventures andcontractual jointventures, andtheirlending toChinese enterprises aresubject totherules
andregulations issued bytheState Administration ofExchange Control.
6Excluding transferable securities andother negotiatable instrument andfinancial assets inclusive ofbullion.
7Custodial depository services areapplicable tosubsidiaries offoreign banks, branches offoreign banks, Chinese-foreign jointbanks; trustservices areapplicable toChinese-foreign jointfinance companies.WT/ACC/CHN/4
Page38CHINA (continued)
Modes ofsupply: (1)Cross-border supply (2)Consumption abroad (3)Commercial presence (4)Presence ofnatural persons
Sector orsub-sector Limitations onmarket access Limitations onnational treatment Additional commitments
-Advisory andother
auxiliary financial
service (including
credit reference and
analysis)
(CPC 8133,
excluding 81331)
-Provision and
transfer offinancial
information data
processing and
related software by
supplier offinancial
services
(CPC 8131)B.Foreign financial institutions whomeet the
following conditions arepermitted to
establish asubsidiary offoreign bank ora
foreign finance company inChina:
-Itshall beafinancial institution;
-itshall have hadarepresentative office
ofovertwoyears'standing inChina;
-itshall have total assets ofmore than
US$10 billion attheendoftheyear
prior totheapplication.
C.Foreign financial institutions whomeet the
following conditions arepermitted to
establish abranch ofaforeign bank in
China:
-Itshall have hadarepresentative office
ofovertwoyears'standing inChina;
-itshall have total assets ofmore than
US$20 billion attheendoftheyear
prior totheapplication;
-itshome country orregion shall have a
sound financial supervisory system.-abranch offoreign bank must keep
25percentofitsafter taxprofit in
China tosupplement itsoperating
funds until thekeptprofit isequal to
itsoperating funds.
B.Other regulations onbanking business:
-Thetotalamount ofloans andother
facilities granted byaforeign bank,
branch ofaforeign bank, Chinese
foreign joint bank, foreign finance
company andChinese-foreign joint
finance company toanyenterprises
shall notbemore than30percentof
itspaid-in capital plustotal reserves,
unless otherwise specially approved
bythePeople 'sBank ofChina;
-thetotalamount ofinvestment bya
subsidiary ofaforeign bank, abranch
ofaforeign bank, aChinese-foreign
joint bank, aforeign finance company
andaChinese-foreign joint finance
company shall notbemore than
30percentofitspaid-in capital plus
itstotalreserves. Thepreceding
sentence does notapply tothe
investments infinancial institutions
approved bythePeople 'sBank of
China;WT/ACC/CHN/4
Page39CHINA (continued)
Modes ofsupply: (1)Cross-border supply (2)Consumption abroad (3)Commercial presence (4)Presence ofnatural persons
Sector orsub-sector Limitations onmarket access Limitations onnational treatment Additional commitments
D.Foreign financial institutions whomeet
thefollowing conditions arepermitted to
establish aChinese-foreign bank ora
Chinese-foreign finance company in
China:
-Itshall beafinancial institution;
-itshall have arepresentative office in
China;
-itshall have total assets ofmore than
US$10 billion attheendoftheyear
prior totheapplication.
(4)Unbound except asindicated inhorizontal
commitments.-thetotalassets ofafinancial institution of
thefivetypes shall notbemore than
20times ofitspaid-in capital plustotal
reserves.
-afinancial institution ofthefivetypes shall
engage atleast oneChinese citizen asits
senior managerial personnel.
-afinancial institution ofthefivetypes shall
appoint acertified public accountant and
such appointment issubject totheapproval
bythePeople 'sBank ofChina orits
branches.
-thechief representative ofarepresentative
office from aforeign financial institution
shall berequired toreside inChina.
(4)Unbound except asindicated inhorizontal
commitments.WT/ACC/CHN/4
Page40CHINA (continued)
Modes ofsupply: (1)Cross-border supply (2)Consumption abroad (3)Commercial presence (4)Presence ofnatural persons
Sector orsub-sector Limitations onmarket access Limitations onnational treatment Additional commitments
2.Local currency
business:
Local currency business
canbeconducted by
foreign financial
institutions inChina on
anexperimental basis
when theprotocol
becomes effective.WT/ACC/CHN/4
Page41CHINA (continued)
Modes ofsupply: (1)Cross-border supply (2)Consumption abroad (3)Commercial presence (4)Presence ofnatural persons
Sector orsub-sector Limitations onmarket access Limitations onnational treatment Additional commitments
9.TOURISM AND
TRAVEL RELATED
SERVICES
A.Hotels (including
apartment buildings)
andrestaurants
(CPC 6411, 64193
64210)(1)None
(2)None
(3)Foreign services suppliers mayconstruct,
renovate andoperate hotel andrestaurant
establishments inChina informs ofjoint
ventures.
(4)Foreign managers, specialists andsenior
executives whohave signed contracts with
joint-venture hotels andrestaurants inChina
shall bepermitted toprovide services in
China.(1)None
(2)None
(3)None
(4)Unbound except asindicated inhorizontal
commitments.WT/ACC/CHN/4
Page42CHINA (continued)
Modes ofsupply: (1)Cross-border supply (2)Consumption abroad (3)Commercial presence (4)Presence ofnatural persons
Sector orsub-sector Limitations onmarket access Limitations onnational treatment Additional commitments
B.Travel Agency
(CPC 7471)(1)None
(2)None
(3)Foreign service suppliers whomeet the
following conditions arepermitted toprovide
services intheform ofequity joint-venture
firstcategory travel agencies8intheholiday
resorts9designated bytheChinese
Government:
(1a)Aninternational travel agency mainly
engaged inholiday travel business10;or
(2b)atravel agency which hasbeen being
abletosend more than5,000 travellers
toChina annually.(1)None
(2)None
(3)None
8Firstcategory travel agencies arethose thatliaise withforeign touroperators directly andreceive foreign visitors, overseas Chinese, compatriots from Hong Kong, Macao andTaiwan whocome toChina orreturn tothe
mainland fortravel.
9There are1112holiday resorts designated bytheChinese government: Jinshitan inDalian, Shilaoren inQingdao,Taihu Lake inSuzhou, Taihu Lake inWuxi, Zhijiang inHangzhou, Hengsha Island inShanghai, Wuyi
Mountain inFujian Province, Meizhou Island inFuzhou, Nanhu Lake inGuangzhou, Dianchi Lake inKunming, Yalong BayinSanya, andYintan inBeihai.
10Referring toaninternational travel agency whose main business istoorganize outbound tourgroups orindividuals forholidays atholiday resorts.WT/ACC/CHN/4
Page43CHINA (continued)
Modes ofsupply: (1)Cross-border supply (2)Consumption abroad (3)Commercial presence (4)Presence ofnatural persons
Sector orsub-sector Limitations onmarket access Limitations onnational treatment Additional commitments
Theequity joint-venture firstcategory travel
agency intheholiday resorts shall meet the
following conditions:
(1a)Itshall have atleast 25interpreters and
tourist guides;
(2b)itsregistered capital shall benoless
thanUS$1 million oritsequivalent in
other convertible currencies;
(3c)theChinese sideshall have atleast
51percentoftheregistered capital;
(4d)itshall keep adeposit ofUS$100,000
oritsequivalent inother convertible
currencies inthebank designated bythe
State Bureau ofAdministration of
Tourism theChina National Tourism
Administration asoperation guarantee
fund,. andtThe fund isundertaken by
bothsides according totheir investment
proportion.
Only oneequity joint-venture travel agency
ispermitted tobesetupineach holiday
resort.
Theterm ofoOperations term oftheequity
joint-venture travel agency intheholiday
resorts shall notexceed 20years.WT/ACC/CHN/4
Page44CHINA (continued)
Modes ofsupply: (1)Cross-border supply (2)Consumption abroad (3)Commercial presence (4)Presence ofnatural persons
Sector orsub-sector Limitations onmarket access Limitations onnational treatment Additional commitments
Thebusiness scope oftheequity joint-
venture travel agency isasfollows:
(1a)travel andreception services forforeign
travellers intheholiday resorts;
(2b)travel services forlocal domestic
travellers intheholiday resorts;
(3c)travel services forforeign travellers
whotaketheholiday resorts asoneof
their destinations;
(4d)other travel services intheholiday
resorts.
ATheequity joint-venture travel agency is
notallowed permitted toestablish branches
inChina.
(4)Unbound except asindicated inhorizontal
commitments.(4)Unbound except asindicated inhorizontal
commitments.WT/ACC/CHN/4
Page45CHINA (continued)
Modes ofsupply: (1)Cross-border supply (2)Consumption abroad (3)Commercial presence (4)Presence ofnatural persons
Sector orsub-sector Limitations onmarket access Limitations onnational treatment Additional commitments
11.TRANSPORT
SERVICES
C.Aviation services(1)Unbound
(2)None
(3)Foreign services suppliers (foreign airline
companies willbegiven priorities) are
permitted toestablish joint-venture airlines
onanexperimental basis.
InDuring theexperimental period, onlyone
ortwojoint ventures arepermitted subject
totheapproval oftheGeneral
Administration ofCivil Aviation ofChina
(CAAC). Further opening issubject tothe
results oftheexperiments.
Inrunning ajoint-venture airline, the
fForeign investment inajoint-venture
airline islimited to35percent,. and
fForeign voting rights cannot exceed 25per
cent,. andbBoth theboard chairman and
thegeneral manager shall beChinese.
Foreign services suppliers areallowed
permitted toinvest establish joint ventures
inagricultural andforestry civilindustries
byestablishing joint ventures. The
proportion oftheinvestment shall be
decided bybothsides ofthejoint venture.
(4)Unbound except asindicate inhorizontal
commitments.(1)Unbound
(2)None
(3)None
(4)Unbound except asindicate inhorizontal
commitments.WT/ACC/CHN/4
Page46CHINA (continued)
Modes ofsupply: (1)Cross-border supply (2)Consumption abroad (3)Commercial presence (4)Presence ofnatural persons
Sector orsub-sector Limitations onmarket access Limitations onnational treatment Additional commitments
A.Maritime transport
services
-International transport
(freight andpassengers)
(CPC 7211 and7212 less
excluding cabotage
transport services)(1)(a)Liner shipping (including passenger
transportation): None
(b)Bulk, tramp andother international
shipping (including passenger
transportation): None
(2)None(1)(a)None
(b)None
(2)NoneThefollowing services attheport
aremade available tointernational
maritime transport suppliers on
reasonable andnon-discriminatory
terms andconditions:
1.Pilotage
2.towing andtugassistance
3.provisioning, fuelling and
watering
4.garbage collecting andballast
waste disposalWT/ACC/CHN/4
Page47CHINA (continued)
Modes ofsupply: (1)Cross-border supply (2)Consumption abroad (3)Commercial presence (4)Presence ofnatural persons
Sector orsub-sector Limitations onmarket access Limitations onnational treatment Additional commitments
(3)(a)Establishment ofregistered companies
forthepurpose ofoperating afleet under
thenational flagoftheState of
establishment thePeople 'sRepublic of
China:
Foreign service suppliers arepermitted
toestablish joint-venture shipping
companies.
Theregistered capital oftheforeign
partner Foreign investment shall not
exceed 49percentofthetotalregistered
capital ofthejoint venture.
Thechairman ofboard ofdirectors and
thegeneral manager ofthejoint venture
shall beappointed bytheChinese side.
(b)Other forms ofcommercial presence for
thesupply ofinternational maritime
transport services: Unbound
(4)(a)Ship'screw: Unbound except as
indicated inhorizontal commitments.
(b)Keypersonnel employed bycommercial
presences asdefined under mode (3)(b)
above: Unbound except asindicated in
horizontal commitments.(3)(a)None
(b)Unbound
(4)(a)Unbound except asindicated in
horizontal commitments.
(b)Unbound except asindicated in
horizontal commitments.5.portCaptain 'sservices
6.navigation aids
7.shore-based operational services
essential toshipoperations,
including communications,
water andelectrical suppliers
supplies
8.emergency repair facilities
9.anchorage, berth andberthing
services.WT/ACC/CHN/4
Page48CHINA (continued)
Modes ofsupply: (1)Cross-border supply (2)Consumption abroad (3)Commercial presence (4)Presence ofnatural persons
Sector orsub-sector Limitations onmarket access Limitations onnational treatment Additional commitments
H.Maritime auxiliary services
(a)Maritime cargo-handling
services
(CPC 7222)
(CPC 741)
(b)Storage andwarehousing
services
(CPC 742)
(c)Customs clearance services(1)Unbound*
(2)None
(3)Only informs ofjoint ventures.
(4)Unbound except asindicated inhorizontal
commitments.
(1)Unbound*
(2)None
(3)Only informs ofjoint ventures.
(4)Unbound except asindicated inhorizontal
commitments.
(1)Unbound*
(2)None
(3)Only informs ofjoint ventures.
(4)Unbound except asindicated inhorizontal
commitments.(1)Unbound*
(2)None
(3)None
(4)Unbound except asindicated inhorizontal
commitments.
(1)Unbound*
(2)None
(3)None
(4)Unbound except asindicated inhorizontal
commitments.
(1)Unbound*
(2)None
(3)None
(4)Unbound except asindicated inhorizontal
commitments.
*Unbound duetolackoftechnical feasibility.WT/ACC/CHN/4
Page49CHINA (continued)
Modes ofsupply: (1)Cross-border supply (2)Consumption abroad (3)Commercial presence (4)Presence ofnatural persons
Sector orsub-sector Limitations onmarket access Limitations onnational treatment Additional commitments
(d)Container station and
depot services
(e)Maritime agency services(1)Unbound*
(2)None
(3)Only informs ofjoint ventures.
(4)Unbound except asindicated inhorizontal
commitments.
(1)Unbound None
(2)None
(3)Only informs ofjoint ventures.
(4)Unbound except asindicated inhorizontal
commitments.(1)Unbound*
(2)None
(3)None
(4)Unbound except asindicated inhorizontal
commitments.
(1)Unbound None
(2)None
(3)None
(4)Unbound except asindicated inhorizontal
commitments.
*Unbound duetolackoftechnical feasibility.WT/ACC/CHN/4
Page50CHINA (continued)
Modes ofsupply: (1)Cross-border supply (2)Consumption abroad (3)Commercial presence (4)Presence ofnatural persons
Sector orsub-sector Limitations onmarket access Limitations onnational treatment Additional commitments
Maritime freight
forwarding services(1)Unbound
(2)None
(3)Theforeign services suppliers engaged in
maritime freight forwarding services are
permitted toprovide service onlyinforms of
joint ventures andtheregistered capital of
foreign partner inthejoint venture shall not
exceed 60percent.
(4)Unbound except asindicated inhorizontal
commitments.(1)Unbound
(2)None
(3)None
(4)Unbound except asindicated inhorizontal
commitments.WT/ACC/CHN/4
Page51CHINA (continued)
Modes ofsupply: (1)Cross-border supply (2)Consumption abroad (3)Commercial presence (4)Presence ofnatural persons
Sector orsub-sector Limitations onmarket access Limitations onnational treatment Additional commitments
International freight
forwarding agency
services (CPC 748, 749
excluding freight
inspection)(1)Unboud
(2)None
(3)Theforeign services suppliers engaged in
freight forwarding services Foreign freight
forwarding agencies which have atleast
three consecutive years experience are
permitted toprovide service onlyinforms of
setupfreight forwarding agency joint
ventures inChina. and
tThe proportion offoreign investment inthe
joint venture shall notexceed 4950percent.
Theminimum registered capital ofthejoint
ventures engaged inmaritime, aviation and
landforwarding services shall be
US$1 million, US$800thousand and
US$600 thousand respectively. Ifthejoint
venture engages intwoormore thantwo
kinds offreight forwarding services, the
minimum registered capital shall beincreased
accordingly.
Theminimum registered capital ofthejoint
venture shall benolessthanUS$1 million.(1)Unbound
(2)None
(3)NoneWT/ACC/CHN/4
Page52CHINA (continued)
Modes ofsupply: (1)Cross-border supply (2)Consumption abroad (3)Commercial presence (4)Presence ofnatural persons
Sector orsub-sector Limitations onmarket access Limitations onnational treatment Additional commitments
Foreign service suppliers shall have atleast
three consecutive years experience offreight
forwarding services. TheoOperation term of
thejoint venture shall notexceed 20years.
After one-year operation inChina, thejoint
venture cansetupbranches when allthe
registered capitals ofbothsides have been
finalized. Another US$120,000 shall beadded
totheoriginal registered capital ofthejoint
venture fortheset-up ofeach branch.
Aforeign freight forwarding agency mayset
upasecond joint venture after itsfirstjoint
venture being inoperation forfiveyears.
(4)Unbound except asindicated inhorizontal
commitments.(4)Unbound except asindicated inhorizontal
commitments.WT/ACC/CHN/4
Page53CHINA (continued)
Modes ofsupply: (1)Cross-border supply (2)Consumption abroad (3)Commercial presence (4)Presence ofnatural persons
Sector orsub-sector Limitations onmarket access Limitations onnational treatment Additional commitments
B.Internal waterway
transport services
(b)Freight transport
(CPC 7222)
F.Road transport services
(b)Freight transport
(CPC 7123, including
71231 to71233)(1)Only international shipping inports open to
foreign vessels shall bepermitted.
(2)None
(3)Unbound
(4)Unbound except asindicated inhorizontal
commitments.
(1)Unbound
(2)None
(3)Only informs ofjoint ventures.
(4)Unbound except asindicated inhorizontal
commitments.(1)Limitations asindicated under market
access column.
(2)None
(3)Unbound
(4)Unbound except asindicated inhorizontal
commitments.
(1)Limitations asindicated under market
access column. Unbound
(2)None
(3)Unbound
(4)Unbound except asindicated inhorizontal
commitments.WT/ACC/CHN/4
Page54LIST OFARTICLE IIEXEMPTION FOR CHINA
(Revised Version, October 1996)
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5)
Sector orsub-sector Description ofmeasures indicating
itsinconsistency withArticle IICountries towhich the
measures appliesIntended duration Conditions creating theneed forthe
exemption
Maritime transport
International transport
Freight andpassengersTheparties concerned may, through bilateral
agreement, establish entities toengage in
usual business inChina either asjoint
ventures orwholly-owned subsidiaries subject
totheChinese laws onjoint ventures andon
foreign capital enterprises forships owned or
operated bycarriers oftheparties concerned.Unspecified. Unforeseeable. According topresent state oftrade
between signatories.
Agreements ofcargo sharing. Algeria, Argentina,
Bangladesh, Brazil,
Thailand, U.S.A.,
Zaire.Subject tothe
effective duration of
theagreements
concerned.According topresent state oftrade
between signatories.