APPENDIX TABLES United States WT/TPR/S/56 
 Page 231 
 
 
TableAI.1 
Exports by group of products, 1990-97 
(US$ million and per cent) 
Commodity 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997
Total (US$ million) 374,449.6  400,983.9 424,871.6 439,222.9 481,833.3 546,441.6  582,11 8.2  643,178.5 
- Total primary products 21.9  20.2 19.5 18.1 17.7 19.0  18.1  15.8 
        
--  Agriculture 15.6  14.4 14.6 13.8 13.7 14.4  13.8  11.7 
---  Food 11.1  10.4 10.9 10.4 10.1 10.5  10.7  9.0 
         2222 Soya beans 1.0  1.0 1.0 1.1 0.9 1.0  1.3  1.2 
         0449 Maize, other 
         unmilled 1.6  1.2 1.1 1.0 0.8 1.3  1.5  0.8 
         1222 Cigarettes contg. 
         tobacco 1.3  1.1 1.0 0.9 1.0 0.9  0.8  0.7 
---  Agricultural raw material 4.5  3.9 3.7 3.4 3.5 3.9  3.1  2.7 
        
--  Mining 6.3  5.8 4.9 4.3 4.0 4.5  4.2  4.0 
---  Ores and other minerals 1.7  1.4 1.1 1.0 1.1 1.3  1.0  1.0 
---  Non-ferrous metals 1.4  1.4 1.2 1.0 1.1 1.3  1.2  1.1 
---  Fuels 3.3  3.0 2.6 2.2 1.8 1.9  2.1  1.9 
        
- Manufactures 73.2  75.1 75.5 75.9 77.2 76.4  77.0  79.9 
--  Iron & steel 0.9  1.1 0.9 0.8 0.8 1.0  0.9  0.9 
--  Chemicals 10.4  10.7 10.3 10.3 10.7 11.1  10.6  10.8 
--  Other semi-manufactures 4.9  5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.5  5.5  5.6 
--  Machinery and transport 
      equipment 46.1  46.9 47.3 47.6 48.3 46.9  47.9  50.3 
---  Power generating 
       machines 2.6  2.7 2.7 2.7 2.5 2.4  2.3  2.6 
         7149 Parts, jet, gas 
          turbine eng 1.4  1.3 1.2 1.1 1.0 1.0  1.0  1.2 
---  Other non-electrical 
       machinery 9.0  9.1 9.0 9.2 9.4 9.6  9.9  10.2 
         7239 Pts nes, cvl. 
         enginrg. mach 0.9  1.0 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.9  1.0  1.0 
         7284 Mach. appl. spcl 
          indus nes 0.6  0.6 0.6 0.6 0.7 1.0  1.0  1.0 
----   Agricultural machinery 
        and tractors 0.7  0.6 0.6 0.7 0.6 0.6  0.7  0.7 
---  Office machines & 
       telecommunications 
       equipment 12.1  11.9 11.9 12.5 13.7 14.7  14.7  15.4 
         7764 Electronic 
         microcircuits 2.4  2.3 2.3 2.7 3.3 3.7  3.6  3.9 
         7599 Parts, data proc.  
         etc. mch 2.6  2.6 2.5 2.4 2.5 2.8  2.9  2.9 
         7523 Digtl proc, storage 
         units 1.4  1.4 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3  1.6  1.4 
         7649 Parts, telecommun. 
         equipt 1.0  1.0 1.0 1.2 1.2 1.2  1.2  1.2 
         7643 TV, radio 
         transmittrs etc 0.4  0.5 0.5 0.6 0.8 0.9  0.8  1.0 
         7529 Data proc 
         equipment, nes 0.3  0.3 0.3 0.3 0.5 0.6  0.9  1.0 
---   Other electrical machines 4.2  4.3 4.4 4.6 4.9 4.9  5.0  5.1 
         7731 Insultd wire, etc. 
         Condctr. 0.5  0.5 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.7  0.7  0.7 
Table AI.1 (cont'd) 
 WT/TPR/S/56 Trade Policy Review 
Page 232 
 
 
Commodity 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997
---   Automotive products 8.4  8.5 9.2 9.8 10.0 9.3  9.1  9.2 
         7843 Other parts, motor 
         vehicl 3.9  3.6 3.9 4.3 4.4 4.2  4.0  4.2 
         7812 Pass. transport 
         vehicles 2.7  2.8 3.2 3.2 3.3 2.9  2.8  2.5 
         7821 Goods vehicles 0.7  0.9 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.8  1.0  1.1 
         7132 Intrnl comb engine 
         vehcl 0.5  0.6 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7  0.6  0.7 
---   Other transport 
        equipment 9.7  10.3 10.1 8.7 7.7 6.1  6.9  7.8 
         7924 Aircrft etc. ULW 
         >15000kg 4.7  5.5 5.5 4.3 3.5 2.1  2.6  3.3 
         7929 Parts, nes, aircraft, 
         equip 2.6  2.5 2.1 2.1 2.0 1.9  2.0  2.0 
--  Textiles 1.3  1.4 1.4 1.3 1.3 1.3  1.3  1.4 
--  Clothing 0.7  0.8 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.2  1.3  1.3 
--  Other consumer goods 9.0  9.2 9.5 9.7 9.7 9.3  9.5  9.6 
         8722 Othr. medical 
         instruments 0.6  0.6 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7  0.7  0.8 
        
- Other 4.9  4.8 5.0 6.0 5.1 4.7  5.0  4.3 
         9310 Special trans not 
         classd 3.3  3.2 3.2 3.2 3.2 3.0  3.0  2.9 
--   Gold 0.8  0.8 1.0 2.1 1.2 0.9  1.1  0.9 
Source : UNSD, Comtrade database (SITC Rev.3). United States WT/TPR/S/56 
 Page 233 
 
 
Table AI.2 
Imports by group of products, 1990-97  
(US$ million and per cent) 
Commodity 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997
Total (US$ million) 517,524.5  508,944.1 553,496.5 603,153.6 689,030.0 770,821.5  817,62 7.2  898,025.5 
        
- Total primary products 24.0  21.8 20.6 19.4 18.2 17.7  18.8  18.5 
        
--  Agriculture 7.7  7.7 7.6 7.3 7.1 6.9  7.0  6.9 
---   Food 5.8  5.9 5.7 5.3 5.0 4.8  4.9  5.0 
---   Agricultural raw material 1.9  1.8 1.9 2.0 2.0 2.1  2.0  1.9 
         2482 Wood, conifer, sawn 0.5  0.5 0.6 0.8 0.9 0.7  0.8  0.8 
        
--  Mining 16.3  14.1 13.0 12.1 11.1 10.8  11.8  11.6 
---   Ores and other minerals 1.1  1.0 0.9 0.7 0.7 0.8  0.7  0.7 
---   Non-ferrous metals 1.9  1.7 1.6 1.5 1.7 1.9  1.7  1.7 
---   Fuels 13.3  11.4 10.6 9.8 8.7 8.2  9.4  9.2 
         3330 Crude petroleum 9.0  7.8 7.4 6.8 5.9 5.9  6.5  6.4 
         3341 Motor gasolene, light 
         oil 1.3  1.0 1.0 0.8 0.6 0.5  0.8  0.7 
        
- Manufactures 72.6  74.7 75.8 77.1 78.3 78.9  77.6  77.8 
--  Iron & steel 2.1  2.0 1.8 1.8 2.2 2.0  2.0  1.9 
--  Chemicals 4.6  5.0 5.2 5.1 5.1 5.5  5.7  5.8 
--  Other semi-manufactures 6.9  6.7 6.6 6.8 6.7 6.9  6.7  6.7 
         6672 Diamonds. excl. 
         industrial 0.8  0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8  0.8  0.8 
--  Machinery and transport 
      equipment 41.4  42.5 42.8 44.0 45.7 46.4  45.2  44.9 
---   Power generating machines 1.5  1.6 1.6 1.5 1.4 1.2  1.3  1.4 
---   Other non-electrical 
        machinery 6.2  5.9 5.7 5.9 6.4 6.6  6.4  6.3 
----    Agricultural machinery 
         and tractors 0.5  0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4  0.3  0.4 
---   Office machines & 
       telecommunic-ations 
       equipment 12.2  13.5 14.5 15.3 16.5 18.2  17.2  16.9 
         7764 Electronic 
         microcircuits 2.1  2.3 2.5 2.9 3.4 4.6  4.0  3.6 
         7599 Parts, data proc. etc. 
         mch 1.5  1.7 1.8 2.0 2.4 2.9  2.6  2.7 
         7527 Storage units, data 
         proc. 1.2  1.3 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.9  2.0  2.2 
         7526 Input or output units 1.1  1.3 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.7  1.6  1.7 
         7638 Sound, video 
         recordng etc 0.9  1.0 1.1 0.9 0.9 0.8  0.9  0.8 
         7649 Parts, telecommun. 
         equipt 0.7  0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7  0.7  0.7 
         7641 Line telephone etc. 
         equip 0.5  0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.4  0.6  0.6 
---   Other electrical machines 3.8  4.0 4.1 4.2 4.2 4.3  4.4  4.6 
         7731 Insultd wire, etc. 
         condctr 0.6  0.6 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.7  0.7  0.8 
---   Automotive products 15.3  15.1 14.6 14.9 14.9 14.0  13.7  13.4 
         7812 Pass. transport 
         vehicles 9.2  9.3 8.6 8.9 9.1 8.6  8.3  8.3 
Table AI.2 (cont'd) 
 WT/TPR/S/56 Trade Policy Review 
Page 234 
 
 
Commodity 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997
         7843 Other parts, motor 
         vehicl 3.1  2.9 3.0 3.0 2.9 2.7  2.6  2.4 
         7821 Goods vehicles 1.7  1.6 1.8 1.6 1.4 1.3  1.3  1.4 
         7132 Intrnl comb. engine 
         vehcl 0.8  0.7 0.7 0.8 0.9 0.8  0.9  0.8 
---   Other transport equipment 2.3  2.5 2.5 2.3 2.2 2.1  2.2  2.2 
--  Textiles 1.3  1.4 1.5 1.5 1.4 1.4  1.3  1.4 
--  Clothing 5.2  5.4 6.0 5.9 5.6 5.4  5.3  5.6 
         8453 Jersys, pullovrs, etc. 
         knit 0.9  0.9 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.7  0.7  0.8 
--  Other consumer goods 11.2  11.6 11.9 12.1 11.6 11.3  11.4  11.5 
         8514 Oth. footwear, lthr. 
         uppers 1.3  1.2 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.0  1.0  1.0 
         8942 Children ┐s toys 0.7  0.8 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.8  0.9  1.0 
         8211 Convertible seats, 
         parts 0.5  0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5  0.6  0.6 
        
- Other 3.4  3.5 3.6 3.5 3.5 3.4  3.6  3.7 
         9310 Special trans not 
         classd 3.1  3.0 3.1 3.0 3.1 3.0  3.2  3.3 
--  Gold 0.2  0.4 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3  0.3  0.3 
Source : UNSD, Comtrade database (SITC Rev.3). United States WT/TPR/S/56 
 Page 235 
 
 
Table AI.3 
Exports by destination, 1990-97 
(US$ million and per cent) 
 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997
Total (US$ million) 374,449.6  400,983.9 424,871.6 439,222.9 481,833.3 546,441.6  582,11 8.2  643,178.5 
    
America 34.8  35.0 36.8 38.1 39.9 37.7  38.4  40.9 
   Canada 20.9  19.7 19.6 20.9 21.5 20.7  20.5  21.0 
   Other America 14.0  15.3 17.2 17.1 18.4 17.0  18.0  19.9 
      Mexico 7.3  8.0 9.3 9.2 10.2 8.2  9.4  10.6 
      Brazil 1.3  1.5 1.3 1.3 1.6 2.0  2.0  2.3 
      Venezuela 0.8  1.1 1.2 1.0 0.8 0.8  0.8  1.0 
    
Europe 29.6  29.1 27.3 25.7 24.1 24.2  24.0  23.8 
   EU15 26.2  25.6 24.0 21.8 21.0 21.3  20.6  20.6 
      United Kingdo m 5.9  5.2 5.0 5.6 5.1 4.8  4.9  5.3 
      Germany 4.7  5.0 4.7 4.1 3.8 3.9  3.8  3.6 
      Netherlands 3.3  3.2 3.1 2.8 2.7 2.9  2.7  2.8 
      France 3.5  3.6 3.3 2.8 2.6 2.4  2.4  2.4 
      Belgiu m-Luxembourg 2.6  2.5 2.2 2.0 2.2 2.2  2.0  2.0 
      Italy 2.0  2.0 2.0 1.4 1.4 1.5  1.4  1.3 
   EFTA 1.5  1.6 1.3 1.7 1.3 1.3  1.6  1.5 
      Switzerland 1.1  1.2 0.9 1.4 1.0 1.0  1.3  1.2 
   East Europe 1.1  1.2 1.3 1.4 1.1 1.0  1.2  1.2 
      Former USSR 0.8  0.9 0.9 0.9 0.7 0.7  0.8  0.8 
   Other Europe 0.8  0.7 0.7 0.9 0.6 0.6  0.5  0.6 
    
Asia 30.7  31.3 31.1 31.9 31.7 34.0  33.3  31.3 
   Middle Eas t 2.9  3.7 3.8 3.7 3.2 3.0  3.2  3.0 
      Saudi Arabia 1.1  1.6 1.7 1.5 1.2 1.1  1.2  1.3 
   East Asia 26.8  26.8 26.5 27.3 27.8 30.1  29.3  27.5 
      Japan 12.3  11.5 10.8 10.5 10.6 11.2  10.9  9.7 
      Korea, Rep. of 3.8  3.8 3.3 3.3 3.6 4.5  4.4  3.8 
      Chinese Taipei 3.0  3.2 3.4 3.5 3.4 3.3  2.9  2.9 
      Singapore 2.0  2.1 2.1 2.4 2.4 2.5  2.5  2.4 
      Hong Kong 1.6  1.8 1.9 2.0 2.1 2.3  2.1  2.1 
      China 1.3  1.6 1.7 2.0 1.9 2.1  2.0  1.9 
      Malaysia 0.8  0.9 0.9 1.3 1.4 1.5  1.4  1.6 
      Thailand 0.8  0.9 0.9 0.8 1.0 1.1  1.2  1.1 
      Philippines 0.7  0.5 0.6 0.8 0.8 0.9  1.0  1.1 
   South Asia 1.0  0.8 0.7 0.9 0.7 0.9  0.8  0.8 
    
Oceania 2.6  2.4 2.5 2. 2 2.3 2.2  2.3  2.2 
      Australia 2.2  2.0 2.0 1.8 2.0 1.9  2.0  1.8 
    
Africa 2.1  2.2 2.3 2.1 1.9 1.8  1.8  1.8 
   Sub-saharian Africa 0.6  0.6 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.5  0.5  0.5 
   Other Africa 1.5  1.5 1.6 1.5 1.4 1.3  1.3  1.3 
    
Othe r 0.1  0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1  0.1  0.1 
Source : UNSD, Comtrade database (SITC Rev.3). WT/TPR/S/56 Trade Policy Review 
Page 236 
 
 
 
Table AI.4 
Imports by origin, 1990-97 
(US$ million and per cent) 
 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997
Total (US$ million ) 517 ,524.5  508 ,944.1 553 ,496.5 603 ,153.6 689 ,030.0 770 ,821.5  817 ,627.2  898 ,025.5 
        
America 31.1  31.3 31.3 31.7 32.4 33.3  35.0  35.1 
   Canada 18.1  18.4 18.3 18.8 19.1 19.2  19.5  19.1 
   Other America 13.0  12.9 13.0 12.9 13.3 14.0  15.4  16.1 
      Mexico 5.9  6.2 6.5 6.8 7.3 8.1  9.1  9.7 
      Venezuela 1.9  1.7 1.6 1.4 1.3 1.4  1.7  1.6 
      Brazil 1.7  1.4 1.5 1.3 1.4 1.2  1.1  1.1 
        
Europe 22.3  21.2 21.0 20.5 20.6 20.5  20.8  20.9 
   EU15 20.0  18.9 18.9 18.1 18.0 17.7  18.0  18.1 
      Germany 5.6  5.3 5.3 4.9 4.7 4.9  4.9  4.9 
      United Kingdom 4.0  3.7 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.6  3.6  3.7 
      France 2.6  2.7 2.8 2.6 2.5 2.3  2.3  2.4 
      Italy 2.6  2.4 2.3 2.3 2.2 2.2  2.3  2.2 
      Belgium-Luxembourg 0.9  0.8 0.9 0.9 1.0 0.8  0.9  0.9 
   EFTA 1.5  1.5 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.5  1.5  1.4 
      Switzerland 1.1  1.1 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0  1.0  1.0 
   East Europe 0.5  0.4 0.4 0.6 0.9 1.0  0.9  1.0 
      Former USSR 0.2  0.2 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.7  0.6  0.6 
   Other Europe 0.4  0.4 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3  0.3  0.3 
        
Asia 42.1  43.5 44.0 44.4 44.0 43.4  41.2  40.9 
   Middle East 3.9  3.4 3.0 2.7 2.4 2.3  2.3  2.4 
      Saudi Arabia 2.1  2.4 2.0 1.4 1.2 1.2  1.2  1.1 
   East Asia 37.2  39.0 39.7 40.3 40.2 39.8  37.5  37.0 
      Japan 18.1  18.8 18.1 18.3 17.8 16.5  14.4  13.8 
      China 3.1  4.0 5.0 5.6 6.0 6.3  6.7  7.3 
      Chinese Taipei 4.6  4.8 4.7 4.4 4.1 3.9  3.8  3.8 
      Korea, Rep. of 3.7  3.5 3.1 2.9 3.0 3.2  2.8  2.6 
      Singapore 2.0  2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.5  2.5  2.3 
      Malaysia 1.1  1.2 1.6 1.8 2.1 2.3  2.2  2.1 
      Thailand 1.1  1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.5  1.4  1.5 
      Philippines 0.7  0.7 0.8 0.9 0.9 1.0  1.0  1.2 
      Hong Kong 1.9  1.9 1.9 1.7 1.5 1.4  1.3  1.2 
      Indonesia 0.7  0.7 0.9 1.0 1.0 1.0  1.1  1.1 
   South Asia 1.0  1.1 1.2 1.3 1.3 1.3  1.3  1.4 
      India 0.7  0.7 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.8  0.8  0.9 
        
Oceania 1.2  1.1 1.0 0. 8 0.8 0.7  0.7  0.8 
        
Africa 3.3  2.9 2.7 2.6 2.2 2.1  2.4  2.3 
   Sub-saharian Africa 2.3  2.0 2.0 1.8 1.5 1.4  1.7  1.6 
   Other Africa 1.0  0.9 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.7  0.7  0.7 
        
Other 0.0  0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0  0.0  0.0 
Source : UNSD, Comtrade database (SITC Rev.3). 
 United States WT/TPR/S/56 
 Page 237 
 
 
Table AII.1 
List of trade and investment agreements ent ered by the United States between 1996 and 1998 
A. Agreements That Have Entered into Force 
Multilateral Agreements 
International Tropical Timber Agreement (Signed in 1994;  entered into force 1 January 1997) 
WTO Basic Telecommunications Services Agreement (15 February 1997) 
First Round of the NAFTA Tariff Acceleration Exercise (26 March 1997) 
WTO Information Technology Agreement (ITA) (26 March 1997) 
WTO Guidelines for the Negotiation of Mutual R ecognition Agreements on Accountancy (29 May 1997) 
WTO Financial Services Agreem ent (12 December 1997;  entered into force on 1 March 1999) 
Bilateral Agreements 
Albania -Bilateral Investme nt Treaty (4 January 1998) 
Armenia -Bilateral Investment Treaty (29 March 1996) 
Australia -Settlement on Leather Products Trade (25 November 1996) 
Brazil -Memorandum of Understanding between  the Government of Brazil and the Gove rnment of the United States Concerning
   Trade Measures in the Automotive Sector (16 March 1998) 
Cambodia -Agreement Between the United Stat es of America and the Kingdom of Cambodi a on Trade Relations and Intellectual   
   Property Rights Protection (8 October 1996) 
Canada -Agreement on Trade in Softwood Lumber (1 April 1996) 
 -Agreement on Barley Tariff-Rate Quota (8 September 1997) 
China -Agreement on Intellectual Property Rights (17 June 1996) 
 -Interim Agreement on Market Access for Foreign Financial Information Co mpanies (24 October 1997) 
 -Agreement to Strengthen Space La unch Trade Terms (27 October 1997) 
Colombia -Memorandum of Understanding on Trade in Bananas (9 January 1996) 
Costa Rica -Memorandum of Understanding on Trade in Bananas (9 January 1996) 
Croatia -Memorandum of Understanding on Intellectual Property Rights (26 May 1998) 
Estonia -Bilateral Investment Treaty (16 February 1996) 
European -Exchange of Letters Concerning Implementation of the Marrakesh Agreement Establishing the World Trade Organization  
Union   and Related Matters (26 June 1996) 
 -Exchange of Letters between the United States of America and the European Community on a Settlement for Cereals and  
   rice, and Accompanying Exchange of  Letters on Rice Prices (22 July 1996) 
 -Agreement for the Conclusion of Negotiations between th e United States of America and the European Community under
   Article XXIV:6, and Accompanying Exchange of Letters (22 July 1996) 
 -Tariff Initiative on Distille d Spirits (28 February 1997) 
 -Agreement on Global Electronic Commerce (9 December 1997) 
 -Agreed Minute on Humane Tra pping Standards (18 December 1997) 
Georgia -Bilateral Investment Treaty (17 August 1997) 
Germany -German Agreement to Reform its  Procurement System (30 September 1996) 
Israel -U.S.-Israel Agreement on Trade in Agriculture (4 December 1996) 
 -U.S.-Israel Agreement on Almonds and Certain Other Agricultural Trade Issues (30 November 1997 
Japan -U.S.-Japan Semiconductor Accord (2 August 1996) 
 -Interim Understanding for the Continuation of Japan-U.S. Insurance Talks (30 September 1996) 
 -U.S.-Japan Insurance Agreement (15 December 1996) 
 -Japan’s Recognition of U.S.-Grademarked Lumber (13 January 1997) 
 -Resolution of WTO dispute with Ja pan on Sound Recordings (13 January 1997) 
 -National Policy Agency procurement of VHF Radio Communications System (31March 1997) 
 -U.S.-Japan Agreement on Deregul ation Initiative (19 June 1997) 
 -U.S.-Japan Agreement to Extend and Strengthen the NTT Procurement Procedures Agreements (1 October 1997) 
Table AII.1 (cont'd) 
 WT/TPR/S/56 Trade Policy Review 
Page 238 
 
 
 -U.S.-Japan Agreement on Dis tilled Spirits (17 December 1997) 
Korea -Exchange of Letters on Implementation of th e 1992 Telecommunications Agreement (12 April 1996) 
 -Korean Commitments on Trade in Telecommunica tions Goods and Services (23 July 23, 1997) 
 -Memorandum of Understanding to Increase Market Access for Foreign Passenger Vehicles  in Korea (20 October 1998) 
Latvia -Bilateral Investment Treaty (26 December 1996) 
Mongolia -Bilateral Investment Treaty (1 January1997) 
Nicaragua -Bilateral Intellectual Property Right s Agreement with Nicaragua (22 December 1997) 
Paraguay -Memorandum of Understanding on Inte llectual Property Rights (17 November 1998) 
Peru -Memorandum of Unde rstanding on IPR (23 May 1997) 
Philippines -Agreement regarding Pork and Poultry Meat (13 February 1998) 
Russia -Joint Memorandum of Understanding on Ma rket Access for Aircraft (30 January 1996) 
 -Agreed Minutes regarding exports of poultry products from  the United States to Russia (15, 25, and 29 March 1996) 
 -Agreement on Russian Firearms & Ammunition (3 April 1996) 
Chinese -Telecommunications Liberalization by Chinese Taipei (19 July 1996)                                                                               
Taipei -U.S.-Taiwan Medical Device Issue:  List of Principles (30 September 1996) 
 -Agreement on Market Access (20 February 1998) 
Trinidad -Bilateral Investment Treaty (26 December 1996)                                                                                                                       
and Tobago 
Turkey -WTO Settlement Concerning Taxation of Foreign Film Revenues (14 July 1997) 
Ukraine -Space Launch Agreement (21 February 1996) 
 -Bilateral Investment Treaty (16 November 1996) 
Vietnam -Copyright Agreement (27 June 1997) 
B. Agreements That Have Not Yet Entered into Force  
Multilateral Agreements 
Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) Mutual Recognition Arra ngement for Conformity Assessment of Telecommunications 
Equipment (8 May 1998) 
Bilateral Agreements 
Azerbaijan -Bilateral Investment Treaty (1 August 1997; awaiting U. S. ratification and exchange of  instruments of ratification)  
Bolivia -Bilateral Investment Treaty (17 April 1998, ratif ied by Bolivia; awaits U. S. Senate ratification) 
China -Agreement on Trade in Textiles and Textile Products (1 February 1997) 
Croatia -Bilateral Investment Treat (13 Ju ly 1996; awaiting ratification by both partie s and exchange of instruments of ratific ation) 
European -Agreement on Mutual Recognition of Product Testing or A pproval Requirements (20 June 1997;  not yet ratified)            
Union 
Jordan -Bilateral Investment Treaty (signed 2 July 1997) 
Laos -Bilateral Trade Agreement (initialed 13 August 1997) 
 -Bilateral Investment Treaty (initialed 13 August 1997) 
Lithuania -Bilateral Investme nt Treaty (14 January 1998) 
Mozambique-Bilateral investment treaty signed with Mozambique (1 December 1998; must still be ra tified by U.S. Senate and by          
   Mozambican legislature) 
Source: Information provided by the U.S. authorities. United States WT/TPR/S/56 
 Page 239 
 
 
Table AII.2  
Status of selected notification requirements to the WTO, as circu lated to WTO Members on 1996-03.99 
WTO Agreement Description of 
requirement Periodicity Document No. of most recent 
notification or number of notification. Comments 
Agriculture         
(Art. 18.2) Information on tariff 
quotas administration Once, then changes G/AG/N/USA/19, 23 October 1998 - 
Agriculture 
(Art. 18.2) Volume of imports 
under tariff quotas Annual G/AG/N/USA/23,3 March 1999 - 
Agriculture         
(Art. 5.7 and 18.2) Special safeguard 
trigger volume Once for all products, or 
the first time each 
safeguard is used G/AG/N/USA/18, 
16 September 1998. - 
Agriculture         
(Art. 5.7 and 18.2) Special safeguard 
trigger prices Once for all products, or 
the first time each 
safeguard is used  - 
Agriculture (Art. 5.7 
and 18.2) Summary of special 
safeguards taken Annual G/AG/N/USA/24, 10 March 1999 - 
Agriculture         
(Art. 18.2) Domestic Support Annual  G/ AG/N/USA/17, 15 June 1998 - 
Agriculture         
(Art. 10 and 18.2) Export subsidies 
(outlays and quantities) Annual  G/AG/N/USA/14, 28 May 1998 
G/AG/N/USA/22, 22 February 1999 - 
Agriculture (Art. 10 
and 18.2) Food aid provided Annual G/AG/ N/USA/12/Add.1, 19 March 
1998. - 
Agriculture 
(Art. 18.3) Domestic support 
(modification of 
legislation) Before new measure is 
adopted or 30 days after 
adoption G/AG/NUSA/5, 11 September 1996 
G/AG/NUSA/25, 11 March 1999 - 
Agriculture         
(Art. 16.2) Impact on net food-
importing countries; 
food and technical assistance Annual G/AG/N/20, 17 November 1998 - 
Textiles and 
Clothing              
Art. 2.8 (a) and 2.11 Second phase of the 
integration Once G/TMB/N/213, 11 February 1997, 
addenda and corrigendum - 
Textiles and 
Clothing             
(Art. 2.1 and 3.1) Outstanding measures 
as of 1 January 1995 Once G/TMB/N/63, 19 April 1995, 
addenda and corrigendum; 
G/TMB/N/66, 28 April 1995 and addendum and corrigenda - 
Textiles and 
Clothing             
(Art. 2.17)  Administrative 
arrangements Ad hoc 31 administrative arrangements - 
Textiles and 
Clothing             
(Art. 6.9) Bilateral agreements Ad hoc 4 bilateral agreements - 
Textiles and 
Clothing              
(Art. 2.18) Accelerated quota 
growth for "small 
suppliers" Once G/TMB/N/311, 18 December1997 - 
Subsidies            
(Art. 32) Laws and regulations Once by March 1995, 
then changes G/SCM/N/1/USA/1, April 1995, and 
corrigendum and supplements. - 
Subsidies            
(Art. 25) Specific subsidies 
granted Annual G/SCM/N/38/USA, 3 November 
1998 - 
Subsidies            
(Art. 25.11) Countervailing duty 
actions taken Every six months when 
measure is taken G/SCM/N/47/USA, 9 March 1999 
G/SCM/N/49, 10 March 1999 Covered the period 1 July  
1998 - 31 Dec, 1998. 
Anti-dumping      
(Art. 18) Laws and regulations Once by March 1995, 
then changes G/ADP/N/1/USA/1, 10 April 1995, 
corrigendum and supplements - 
Table AII.2 (cont'd)WT/TPR/S/56 Trade Policy Review 
Page 240 
 
 
WTO Agreement Description of 
requirement Periodicity Document No. of most recent 
notification or number of 
notification. Comments 
Anti-dumping      
(Art. 16.4) Anti-dumping actions 
taken Every six months 
preliminary or final anti-
dumping actions G/ADP/N/47/USA, 23 March 1999 
 G/ADP/N/49, 5 March 1999 Covered the period 1 July 
1998 - 31 Dec 1998 
Safeguards          (Art. 12) Laws and regulations Once by March 1995, 
then changes G/SG/N/1/USA/1, 6 April 1995 - 
Safeguards          
(Art. 12) Investigations and 
actions taken Ad hoc 4 notifications during 1996 – March 
1999 - 
Technical Barriers to 
Trade (Art. 2.9) Technical regulations Ad hoc 99 notifications (1996- 03.1999) - 
Sanitary and 
Phytosanitary 
Measures Measures taken Ad hoc 126 notifications (1996- 03.1999) - 
Preshipment 
Inspection (Art 5) Laws and regulations 
which put the 
Agreement into force Once, then changes only G/PSI/N/1/Add.4, to be issued The United States does 
not have any laws or 
regulations governing PSI
Import Licensing 
Procedures (Art 7.3) Questionnaire;  rules 
and information 
concerning procedures for the submission of 
applications Annual for 
questionnaire;  rules and 
information once, then changes G/LIC/N/3/USA/2,16 October 1998 - 
Import Licensing 
Procedures 
(Art..1.4(a) and 8.2 (b)) Laws and regulations 
relevant to import 
licensing  G/LIC/N/1/USA/1, 3 October 1996 
G/LIC/N/1/USA/1/rev.1, 3 October 
1996 - 
Rules of Origin Preferential and 
non-preferential rules of 
origin Non-preferential in 
April 1995;  preferential 
as soon as entry into force G/RO/N/18, 3 November 1997 
G/RO/N/12, 1 October 1996 - 
Trade-related 
Investment Measures Notifications under 
article 6.2 of the trims 
agreement of publications in which 
trims may be found  G/TRIMS/N/2/Rev.4, 5 August 1998 - 
GATT 1994       
(Part IV) Enabling Clause Ad hoc WT/COMTD/N/1/Add.2,                  
8 December 1998 Additional items for 
Generalized System of 
Preferences (GSP). 
GATT Council for 
Trade in Goods, 
G/L/59 Complete notifications 
on non-tariff measures Every two years, 
beginning January 1996 G/MA/NTM/QR/1/Add.6,                 
4 May 1999 - 
GATT                
(Art. XXVIII) United States reserved 
its right under the 
provisions of 
Art XXVIII:5 of the GATT to modify its 
Schedule XX during the 
three-year period commencing on 1 January 1997  G/MA/12, 19 December 1996 - 
GATS                  
(Art 7.4) Any existing Art 7.4 
recognition measures Ad hoc S/C/N/51,10 February 1997  
S/C/N/52,10 February 1997 
S/C/N/53,10 February 1997 S/C/N/68, 12 February 1998 Accounting     
Architecture    
Engineering (Washington Accord)          Accounting
Table AII.2 (cont'd)
 
TRIPS                
(Art. 63.2) Laws and regulations Once, th en changes 13 notifications - United States WT/TPR/S/56 
 Page 241 
 
 
WTO Agreement Description of 
requirement Periodicity Document No. of most recent 
notification or number of 
notification. Comments 
Plurilateral 
Government 
Procurement 
Agreement (Decision 
GPA/1/Add.1) Laws and regulations 
following a provided 
checklist Once GPA/23,15 July 1998 - 
Source : WTO documents. WT/TPR/S/56 Trade Policy Review 
Page 242 
 
 
Table AII.3 
Disputes in which the United States has been involved as a complainant, 1996-1999 (March) 
Complaint 
against Subject-matter Consultationsa Panel Appeal/Implementation 
United States 
against Korea 
(WT/DS3) Measures 
concerning the 
testing and 
inspection of Agricultural 
Products 6 April 1995    
Unites States 
(WT/DS11) the European 
Communities 
and Canada against Japan Taxes on 
Alcoholic Beverages  Requested by the 
United States on 21 June 1995, established on 29 
June 1995, joined by the 
United States and Canada on 17 July 1995; 
requested by Canada on 
7 July 1995, circulated on 17 July 1995, joined 
by the United States on 
21 July 1995 and the EU on 27 July 1995;  
requested by the 
United States on 7 July 1995, established on 17 July 1995. Requested on 15 September 
1995 by the EU, Canada and the United States, established on 
27 September 1995.  The panel 
report was circulated on 11 July 1996. Japan appealed the panel decision 
on 8 August 1996.  The report of the Appellate Body was circulated 
on 4 October 1996.The Appellate 
Report and the panel reports was adopted on 1 November 1996.  On 
24 December 1996 the 
United States applied for binding arbitration.  The Arbitrator report 
was circulated on 14 February 
1997.  Period of implementation to be 15 months. 
United States against the 
European 
Communities (WT/DS13) Duties on imports 
of grains Request for consultation 
dated 19 July 1995. On  28 September 1995 the 
United States requested the 
establishment of a panel. 
This request was dropped on 3 December 1996.  
On l3 February 1997 the 
United States made a renewed request for the establishment of 
a panel.  On 20 March 1997 the 
U.S. withdrew the request for a panel.  On 26 March the 
United States made a fresh 
request for the establishment of a panel.  On 30 April 1997, the 
United States withdrew the 
request for a panel in view of the fact that the EC had adopted 
regulations implementing an 
agreement reached on this matter.  
United States 
against Australia 
(WT/DS21) Measures 
affecting the 
importation of 
salmonids 17 November 1995  Panel established on 
10 April 1997.  Panel report 
circulated on 12 June 1998. Australia appealed the on 
12 July 1998.  The APB reversed 
some of the Panel's findings.  The 
APB's report was circulated on 20 October 1998.  The DSB adopted the reports on 6 
November 1998. 
United States (WT/DS26/1) and 
Canada against the European 
Communities Measures 
Affecting Meat 
and Meat Products 
(Hormones) 31 January 1996 The United States requested 
establishment of a panel on 
25 April 1996.  The panel was established on 20 May 1996.  
The report of the panel was 
circulated on 18 August 1997. On 29 September 1997 the EC 
appealed.  The APB's report was 
circulated on 16 January 1998.  The reports were adopted on 
13 February 1998.  The period of 
implementation expires on 13 May 1999.  
Table AII.3 (cont'd) United States WT/TPR/S/56 
 Page 243 
 
 
Complaint 
against Subject-matter Consultationsa Panel Appeal/Implementation 
United States 
with Ecuador, 
Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico 
against the 
European Communities 
(WT/DS27) Regime for the 
Importation, Sale 
and Distribution of Bananas. 5 February 1996 A panel was established on 
8 ay1996.  The report of the 
panel was circulated on 22 May 1997.  The European Communities 
notified its intention to 
appeal certain issues of law and legal interpretation on 
11 June 1997.  The report of the 
Appellate Body was circulated on 9 September 1997.  On 
25 September 1997 the Appellate 
Body report and the Panel report were adopted by the DSB.  On 17 November 1997, 
the complainants requested that 
the "reasonable period of time" for implementation of the 
recommendation and rulings of 
the DSB be determined by binding arbitration.  The report of 
the Arbitrator was circulated on 
1 January 1998.  The period of implementation expired on 
1 January 1999.  The arbitrators 
report and the report of the panels were issued to the parties on 
6 April 1999. 
United States 
against Japan (WT/DS28) Measures 
Concerning Sound 
Recordings Request for consultation 
dated 9 February 1996. On 24 January 1997 both 
parties informed the DSB 
that they had reached a mutually satisfactory 
solution to the dispute.   
United States 
against Canada 
(WT/DS31) Certain Measures 
Concerning 
Periodicals 11 March 1996 The DSB established a panel on 
19 June 1996.  The report of the 
Panel was circulated on 14 March 1997. On 29 April 1997, Canada notifies 
its intention to appeal certain 
issues of law and legal interpretations developed by the 
Panel.  The report of the Appellate 
Body was circulated on 30 June 1997.  The DSB adopted the 
Appellate Body report and the 
Panel report on 30 July 1997.  Canada withdrew the contested 
measure. 
United States, (Argentina, 
Australia, Canada New Zealand and 
Thailand) against 
Hungary (WT/DS35) Export subsidies 
in respect of 
agricultural products Request for consultations 
on 27 March 1996.  On 9 January 1997, (Argentina, 
Australia, New Zealand and the 
United States requested the establishment of a panel.  
On 25 February 1997 the 
DSB established a panel .  On 30 July 1997 Australia on behalf of the complainants 
notified the DSB that the parties 
to the dispute had  reached a mutually agreed solution, which 
required Hungary to seek a 
waiver of certain of its WTO obligations. Pending Adoption of 
the waiver, the complaint was 
not formally withdrawn.  
Table AII.3 (cont'd) WT/TPR/S/56 Trade Policy Review 
Page 244 
 
 
Complaint 
against Subject-matter Consultationsa Panel Appeal/Implementation 
United States 
against Pakistan 
(WT/DS36) Patent Protection 
for 
Pharmaceutical and Agricultural 
Chemical 
Products  Request for consultation 
dated 30 April 1996.  On 4 July 1996 the United States 
requested establishment.  On 
25 February 1997, both parties informed the DSB 
that they had reached  a mutually 
agreed solution.  On 28 February 1997 the terms of the agreement 
were communicated to the 
Secretariat.   
United States 
against Portugal 
(WT/DS37) Patent Protection 
under the 
Industrial 
Property Act Request for consultation 
dated 30 April 1996.  On 
3 October 1996 both 
parties notified a mutually agreed solution 
to the DSB.    
United States 
against Korea  
(WT/DS41) Measures 
concerning the 
testing and inspection of 
Agricultural 
Products 24 May 1996    
United States 
against Turkey 
(WT/DS43) Taxation of 
Foreign Film 
Revenues Request for consultation 
on 12 June1996.  On January 1997 the 
United States requested the 
establishment of a panel.  On 25 February 1997 the 
DSB established a panel.  On 14 
July 1997, both parties notified the DSB of a mutually agreed 
solution.  
United States 
against Japan 
(WT/DS45) Measures 
affecting 
distribution services. 13 June 1996, further 
consultations were 
requested on 20 June 1996.   
United States 
against India 
(WT/DS50) Patent Protection 
for 
Pharmaceuticals 
and Agricultural Chemical 
Products 2 July of 1996 The United States requested 
establishment of a panel on 
7 November 1996.  The DSB 
established a panel on 20 November 1996.  Report 
circulated on 5 September 1997. India appealed certain issues of 
law and interpretation. The APB 
report and panel report were 
adopted by the DSB on 16 January 1998.  On 22 April 1998, 
implementation period of 15 
months was agreed . 
United States against Brazil (WT/DS52) Certain measures 
affecting trade and investment in 
the automotive 
sector 9 August 1996    
United States 
against Argentina (WT/DS56) Certain Measures 
Affecting Imports of Footwear, Textiles, Apparel 
and other items 4 October 1996 The United States requested the 
establishment of a panel on 9 January 1997. The panel was established on 25 February 1997.  
The panel report was circulated 
on 25 November 1997. On 21 January the 1998 Argentina 
appealed.  The APB's report was circulated on 27 March 1998.  The panel report as modified by the 
Appellate Body were adopted by 
the DSB on 22 April 1998.  An agreement on implementation has 
been reached. 
Table AII.3 (cont'd) United States WT/TPR/S/56 
 Page 245 
 
 
Complaint 
against Subject-matter Consultationsa Panel Appeal/Implementation 
United States 
against Australia 
(WT/DS57) Textiles, Clothing 
and Footwear 
Import Credit Schemes Request for consultation 
dated 7 October 1996.  
An official release from the USTR in Washington 
on 25 November 1996 
indicated that the case had been settled.   
United States 
against Japan 
(WT/DS44) Measures 
Affecting 
Consumer Photographic 
Film and Paper. 13 October 1996 The United States requested the 
establishment of a panel on 20 
September on 1996.  The panel was established on 16 October 
1996.  The panel report was 
adopted by the DSB on 22 April 1998.  
United States 
against Indonesia 
(WT/DS59) Certain measures 
affecting the 
automobile 
industry  15 October 1996 The United States requested the 
establishment of a panel on 12 
June 1997.  The panel was 
established on  30 July 1997.  On 23 July 1998, the DSB adopted 
the panel report. Indonesia requested for a review 
of the Panel's report on 6 April 
1998.  Implementation of the 
recommendation expires on 23 July 1999 
United States against the 
European 
Communities, the United Kingdom, 
and Ireland 
(WT/DS62, 67, 68) Customs 
Classification of 
Certain Computer 
Equipment 14 November 1996 On 25 February 1997 the 
DSB established the panel.  
The panel report circulated 
on 5 February 1998. On 24 March 1998, the EC 
notified its intention to appeal 
certain issues of law and legal 
interpretations by the Panel.  The report of the Appellate Body 
was circulated on 5 June 1998.  
On 22 June 1998, the DSB adopted the Appellate Body report 
and the Panel report.  
United States 
against Brazil 
(WT/DS65) Certain measures 
affecting trade 
and investment in the automotive 
sector 10 January 1997   
United States 
against the 
Philippines (WT/DS74/1) Measures  
affecting pork 
and poultry  Request for consultation 
on 1 April 1997.  On 
12 March 1998, the parties communicated 
a mutually agreed 
solution to their dispute.   
United States 
against Japan (WT/DS76/1) Measures 
Affecting Agricultural 
products 7 April 1997 The United States requested the 
establishment of a panel on 3 October 1997.  The panel was 
established on 18 November 
1997.  Panel report was circulated on 27 October 1998. On 24 Mar 1998 Japan appealed.  
The APB upheld the basic findings and the report was 
circulated on 22 February 1999.  
The APB and Panel's Reports were adopted on 19 March 1999. 
United States against Belgium (WT/DS80/1) Measures 
Affecting Commercial 
Telephone 
Directory Services 2 May 1997    
Table AII.3 (cont'd) WT/TPR/S/56 Trade Policy Review 
Page 246 
 
 
Complaint 
against Subject-matter Consultationsa Panel Appeal/Implementation 
United States 
against Ireland 
(WT/DS82/1) Measures 
Affecting the 
Grant of Copyright and 
Neighbouring 
Rights 14 May 1997 On 9 January 1998 the 
United States requested the 
establishment of a panel  
United States 
against Denmark 
(WT/DS83/1) Measures 
Affecting the 
Enforcement of 
Intellectual Property Rights 14 May 1997   
United States 
against Korea 
(WT/DS84/1) Taxes on 
Alcoholic 
Beverages 23 May 1997 The United States requested the 
establishment of a panel on 10 
September 1997.  The panel was 
established 16 October 1997.  The report of the panel was 
circulated 17 September 1998. On 20 October 1998, Korea 
notified the intention to appeal.  
The APBs report was circulated 
on 18 January 1999 and was adopted on 17 February 1998.  On 
19 March 1999, Korea informed 
the DSB that it was considering options for implementation of the 
DSB's recommendation.  eriod of 
time for implementation to be determined by arbitration. 
United States against Sweden (WT/DS86/1) Measures 
Affecting the Enforcement of 
Intellectual 
Property Rights 28 May 1997.  On 
2 December 1998 the two parties notified a 
mutually agreed solution   
United States 
against India (WT/DS90/1) Quantitative 
Restrictions on Imports of 
Agricultural, 
Textiles and Industrial 
Products 15 July 1997 The United States  requested the 
establishment of a panel on 3 October 1997.  The panel was 
established on 
18 November 1997.  Panel report was issued 6 of April 1999.  
United States 
against Mexico 
(WT/DS101/1) Anti-Dumping 
Investigation of 
High-Fructose Corn Syrup 
(HFCS) 4 September 1997    
United States 
against the 
Philippines (WT/DS102/1) Measures  
affecting pork 
and poultry  Request for consultation 
on 7 October 1997.  
On 12 March 1998, the parties communicated 
a mutually agreed 
solution to their dispute.   
United States 
against Canada (WT/DS103/1) Measures 
Affecting the Importation of Milk and the 
Exportation of 
Dairy Products. 8 October 1997 The United States requested the 
establishment 2 February 1998 of a panel. The panel was established on 25 March 1998.   
United States 
against the European 
Communities 
(WT/DS104/1) Measures  
Affecting the Exportation of 
Processed Cheese 8 October 1997    
Table AII.3 (cont'd) United States WT/TPR/S/56 
 Page 247 
 
 
Complaint 
against Subject-matter Consultationsa Panel Appeal/Implementation 
United States 
against Australia 
(WT/DS106/1) Subsidies 
Provided to 
Producers and Exporters of 
Automotive 
Leather 10 November 1997 The United States requested the 
establishment of a panel on 9 
January 1998. The panel was established on 22 January 1998.  
On 11 June 1998 the 
United States withdrew its request for a panel.  
United States 
against Chile 
(WT/DS109/1) Taxes on 
Alcoholic 
Beverages 11 December 1997  Panel has already been 
established  
United States 
against the European 
Communities 
(WT/DS115/1) Measures 
Affecting the Grant of 
Copyright and 
Neighbouring Rights 6 January 1998  9 January 1998 the 
U.S. requested the establishment of a panel  
United States 
against the 
European 
Communities (WT/DS124/1) Enforcement of 
Intellectual 
Property Rights 
for Motion Pictures and Television 
Programmes 30 April 1998    
United States 
against Greece 
(WT/DS125/1) Enforcement of 
Intellectual 
Property Rights for Motion 
Pictures and 
Television Programmes 30 April 1998    
United States 
against Australia 
(WT/DS126/1) Subsidies 
Provided to 
Producers and 
Exporters of Automotive 
Leather 4 May 1998  The United States requested the 
establishment of a panel on 
11 June 1998.  The panel was 
established on 22 June 1998.  
United States 
against Belgium 
(WT/DS127/1) Certain Income 
Tax Measures 
Constituting Subsidies  5 May 1998    
United States 
against the 
Netherlands 
(WT/DS128/1) Certain Income 
Tax Measures 
Constituting 
Subsidies  5 May 1998    
United States 
against Greece (WT/DS129/1) Certain Income 
Tax Measures Constituting Subsidies  5 May 1998    
United States 
against Ireland 
(WT/DS130/1) Certain Income 
Tax Measures 
Constituting 
Subsidies  5 May 1998    
Table AII.3 (cont'd) 
 
 WT/TPR/S/56 Trade Policy Review 
Page 248 
 
 
Complaint 
against Subject-matter Consultationsa Panel Appeal/Implementation 
United States 
against France 
(WT/DS131/1) Certain Income 
Tax Measures 
Constituting Subsidies  5 May 1998    
United States 
against Mexico 
(WT/DS132) Anti-Dumping 
Investigation of 
High-Fructose Corn Syrup 
(HFCS) 8 May 1998 On 8 October 1998 the 
United States requested the 
establishment of a panel.  The panel was established 
on 25 November 1998.  
United States 
against Korea 
(WT/DS161/1 Measures 
Affecting Imports 
of Fresh Chilled, and Frozen Beef 1 February 1999   
United States 
against Korea 
(WT/DS163/1) Measures 
Affecting 
Government 
Procurement 16 February 1999   
United States 
against Argentina (WT/DS164/1 Measures 
Affecting Imports of Footwear 4 March 1999   
a Sometimes date in which WTO document was circulated. 
Source : WTO documents. United States WT/TPR/S/56 
 Page 249 
 
 
Table AII.4 
Disputes involving complaints against the United States, 1996-1999 (March) 
Complaint 
by/against Subject matter Consultationsa Panel Appeal/Implementation 
Venezuela 
(WT/DS2) and 
Brazil 
(WT/DS4)  Standards for 
Reformulated and 
Conventional 
Gasoline 2 February 1995 A single panel considered 
the complaints of both 
countries.                   
Panel report (WT/DS2/R), 29 January 1996. The United States appealed on 21 February 1996.  
On 22 April 1996, the Appellate Body issued its 
report .  The Appellate Report was adopted by the 
DSB on 20 May 1996.  The United States announced implementation on 19 August 1997. 
Costa Rica (WT/DS24) Restrictions on 
Imports of Cotton 
and Man-Made 
Fibre Underwear 15 January 1996 The report of the panel 
was circulated on 
8 November 1996. On 11 November 1996, Costa Rica notifies its 
decision to appeal against one aspect of the Panel 
report.  The report of the Appellate Body 
was circulated on 10 February 1997.  The Appellate Body's report and the Panel report were adopted by 
the DSB on 25 February 1997.  The U.S. complied 
with the measure immediately. 
India  
(WT/DS32) Measures 
affecting imports 
of women's and 
girls' wool coats 14 March 1996 India requested the 
establishment of a panel 
on14 March 1996.  A 
panel was established on 
17 April 1996.  On 25 April 1996, India 
requested termination of 
further action in light of the US removal of the safeguard measures on 
these products, which 
came into effect on 24 April 1996.  
India  
(WT/DS33) Measure 
Affecting Imports of Woven Shirts 
and Blouses 15 March 1996 A panel was established 
at the DSB meeting on 17 April 1996.  The report 
of the Panel was circulated 
to Members on 6 January 1997. On 24 February 1997, India notifies its intention to 
appeal certain issues of law and legal interpretation.  The report of the Appellate Body was circulated on 
25 April 1997. The Appellate Body report and the 
Panel report were adopted by the DSB on 23 May 1997.  The United States announced the withdrawal 
of the measure on 22 Nov 1996 before the panel 
concluded its work 
The European 
Communities 
(WT/DS39) Tariff increases 
on products from 
the European 
Communities  17 April 1996 On 19 June 1996 the 
EC requested the 
establishment of a panel. 
The United States 
withdrew the measure on 15 July 1996, and the EC 
decided not to pursue its 
panel request, reserving its right to reconvene if 
necessary.   
The European 
Communities 
(WT/DS38) The Cuban 
Liberty and 
Democratic Solidarity Acts  3 May 1996  The European 
Communities requested 
the establishment of a panel on 3 October 1996.  The DSB established a 
panel at its meeting on 
20 November 1996.  At the request of the EC, 
dated 21 April 1997, the 
panel suspended its work.  The Panel's authority 
lapsed on 22 April 1998   
Table AII.4 (cont'd)WT/TPR/S/56 Trade Policy Review 
Page 250 
 
 
Complaint 
by/against Subject matter Consultationsa Panel Appeal/Implementation 
Mexico 
(WT/DS49) Anti-Dumping 
Investigation 
regarding import 
of fresh or chilled 
tomatoes On 1 July 1996 
Mexico requested 
consultation on.  
Official releases 
of the US Commerce 
Department 
indicated that the case had been settled.   
India, 
Malaysia, Pakistan and 
Thailand 
(WT/DS58) Import 
prohibition of certain shrimp 
and shrimp 
products 8 October 1996 On 25 February 1997 the 
DSB established a panel. The Panel's report was 
circulated on 15 May 
1998. The United States appealed on 13 July 1998.  On 12 
October 1998 the DSB decided on the appeal.  The DSB adopted the report on 5 November1998.  The 
implementation period expires on 6 December 1999. 
Philippines (WT/DS61) Import 
prohibitions of 
certain shrimp 
and shrimp 
products 25 October 1996    
The European 
Communities 
(WT/DS63) Anti-Dumping 
Measures on 
imports of solid 
Urea from the 
former German Democratic 
Republic 28 November 
1996    
Colombia 
(WT/DS78/1) Safeguard 
Measure against 
imports of Broom Corn Brooms 28 April 1997   
The European 
Communities 
(WT/DS85/1) Measures 
affecting textiles 
and apparel 
products (changes in rules of origin) On 23 May 1997 
the European 
Communities 
requested consultations with the United 
States.  On 11 
February 1998, the two parties 
notified their 
mutually agreed solution.   
The European 
Communities 
(WT/DS88/1) Measures 
affecting 
Government 
Procurement 20 June 1997 On 8 December 1998 
request for establishment 
of a panel.  On 
21 October 1998 a panel was established.  On 
10 February 1999 the 
complainant requested the panel to suspend 
proceedings.  
Table AII.4 (cont'd)United States WT/TPR/S/56 
 Page 251 
 
 
Complaint 
by/against Subject matter Consultationsa Panel Appeal/Implementation 
Korea 
(WT/DS89/1) Anti-Dumping 
Duties on imports 
of colour 
television 
receivers form Korea 10 July 1997 On 6 November 1997, 
Korea requested the 
establishment of a panel.  
On 5 January 1998 Korea 
informed the DSB that it was withdrawing its 
request for a panel but 
reserving the right to reintroduce the request.  On 22 September 1998 
Korea announced that it 
was definitively withdrawing the request 
because the imposition of 
anti-dumping duties had been revoked.  
Japan 
(WT/DS95/1) Measures 
affecting 
Government 
Procurement 18 July 1997  On 8 September 1998 
request for establishment 
of a panel.  On 
21 October 1998 a panel 
was established.  On 10 February 1999 the complainant requested 
the panel to suspend 
proceedings.  
Chile 
(WT/DS97/1) Countervailing 
Duty 
investigation of 
imports of 
Salmon  5 August 1997   
Korea 
(WT/DS99/1) Anti-Dumping 
Duty on Dynamic 
Random Access Memory 
Semiconductors  
(DRAMS) on one Megabit or above 
from Korea 14 August 1997 Korea requested the 
establishment of a panel 
on 6 November 1997.  The DSB established a 
panel on 16 January 1998.  
Panel's report circulated on 29 January 1999.  
The European 
Communities 
(WT/DS100/1) Measures 
affecting imports 
of poultry products 18 August 1997   
The European 
Communities (WT/DS108/1)  Tax Treatment 
for "Foreign Sales 
Corporation" 18 November 
1997 22 September 1998 the 
DSB established a panel.  
Argentina 
(WT/DS111/1) Tariff Rate Quota 
for imports of 
groundnuts  9 December 1997   
The European 
Communities (WT/DS118/1) Harbour 
Maintenance Tax 6 February 1998    
The European 
Communities (WT/DS136) United States - 
Anti-Dumping Act of 1916  9 June 1998  On 11 November 1998 
request for the establishment of a panel.  
On 1 February 1999 a 
panel was established.  
Table AII.4 (cont'd)WT/TPR/S/56 Trade Policy Review 
Page 252 
 
 
Complaint 
by/against Subject matter Consultationsa Panel Appeal/Implementation 
The European 
Communities 
(WT/DS138/1) Imposition on 
Countervailing 
Duties on Certain  Hot-rolled Lead 
and Bismuth 
Carbon Steel Products 
Originating in the 
United Kingdom 30 June 1998  On 14 January 1999 
request for the 
establishment of a panel. On 17 February 1999 a 
panel was established.  
Canada 
(WT/DS144/1) Certain measures 
affecting the 
import of cattle, swine and grain 28 September 
1998   
The European 
Communities 
(WT/DS151/1) Measures 
affecting textiles 
and apparel 
products 19 November 
1998, EC 
contends that the 
United States has 
not implemented its commitments 
as contained in 
the agreed solution to 
WT/DS85/1.   
The European 
Communities 
(WT/DS152/1) Section 301-310 
of the Trade Act 
of 1974 25 November 
1998 On 26 January 1999, the 
EC requested 
establishment of a panel.  
On 2 March, the DSB established a panel.  
Japan 
(WT/DS162/1) Anti-Dumping 
Act of 1919(II) 10 February 1999   
The European 
Communities 
(WT/DS160/1) Sections 110(5) 
of the U.S. 
Copyright Act 26 February 1999   
The European 
Communities 
(WT/DS165/1) Import Measures 
on Certain 
Products from the 
European Communities 4 March 1999   
The European 
Communities (WT/DS166/1) Definitive 
Safeguard Measure on 
Imports of Wheat 
Gluten  17 March 1999   
Canada 
(WT/DS167/1) Countervailing 
Duty 
Investigation with respect to 
Live Cattle 19 March 1999   
 
a Sometimes date in which WTO document was circulated. Source : WTO documents. United States WT/TPR/S/56 
 Page 253 
 
 
Table AII.5 
NAFTA disputes involving the United States under Chapters 19 and 20 initiated or terminated between 1996 and end-February 
1999 
Description Investigation No. Status at 28.02.99 
I.  Complaints against rulings by U.S. agencies   
Porcelain-on-steel cookware from Mexico (Dumping) USA-95- 1904-01 Final order affirming th e determination on remand 
issued on 19 July 1996 
Gray Portland cement and cement clinker from Mexico (Dumping) USA-95-1904-02 Panel affirmed Agency's determination 
Color picture tubes from Canada  (Dumping) USA-95-1904-03 Panel affi rmed Agency's determination 
Oil country tubular goods from Mexico (Dumping) USA-95- 1904-04 Final order affirming th e determination on remand 
issues on 2 December 1996 
Fresh cut flowers from Mexico (Dumping) USA-95-1904-05 Final order affirming the determination on remand 
issued on 2 December 1996 
Porcelain-on-steel cooling ware from Mexico (6
th Anti-dumping Duty Administrative Review USA-96-1904-01 Terminated – No decision issued 
Gray Portland cement and clinker from Mexico 
(5th Anti-dumping Duty Administrative Review) USA-97-1904-01 Active 
Gray Portland cement and clinker from Mexico 
(4th Anti-dumping Duty Administrative Review) USA-97-1904-02 Panel affirmed agency's determination 
Certain corrosion resistant carbon steel flat products 
from Canada USA-97-1904-03 Active 
Pure and alloy magnesium from Canada 
(3th Countervailing Duty Administrative Review) USA-97-1904-04 Terminated – No decision issued 
Porcelain-on-steel cookware from Mexico 
(8th Anti-dumping Duty Administrative Review) USA-97-1904-05 Terminated – No decision issued 
Circular welded non-alloy st eel pipe and tube from 
Mexico (Dumping) USA-98-1904-05 Active 
Circular welded non-alloy st eel pipe and tube from 
Mexico (Dumping) USA-97-1904-06 Terminated – No decision issued 
Porcelain-on-steel cookware from Mexico 
(9th Anti-dumping Duty Administrative Review) USA-97-1904-07 Active 
Steel wire rod from Ca nada (Countervailing Duty 
Determination) USA-97-1904-08 Suspended 
Corrosion-resistant carbon steel flat products from 
Canada (Dumping) USA-CDA-98-1904-01 Pr oceeding stayed 
Gray Portland cement and clinker from Mexico 
(6th Anti-dumping Duty Administrative Review) USA-MEX-98-1904-02 Active 
Brass sheet and strip from Canada  (Dumping) USA-CDA-98-1904-03 Active 
Porcelain-on-steel cookware from Mexico 
(10th Anti-dumping Duty Administrative Review) USA-MEX-98-1904-04 Active 
Certain corrosion-resistant carbon steel flat products 
from Canada (results of anti-dumping administrative 
review) USA-CDA-99-1904-01 Active 
Certain cut-to-length carbon steel plate from Canada 
(results of anti-dumping administrative review) USA-CDA-99-1904-02 Active 
II.  Complaints against rulings by Canadian  or Mexican agencies affecting U.S. exports  
Refined sugar, refined from sugar cane or sugar beets, 
in granulated, liquid and powdered form, originating 
in or exported from the United States of America 
(Dumping) (investigation by Canada) CDA-95-1904-04 Final order affirmi ng the determination on remand 
issued on 30 January 1997 
Table AII.5 (cont'd) 
 WT/TPR/S/56 Trade Policy Review 
Page 254 
 
 
Description Investigation No. Status at 28.02.99 
Bacteriological culture media from Becton Dickinson 
and company and DIFCO laboratories of the United 
States (Dumping) (investigation by Canada) CDA-96-1904-01 Terminated – No decision issued 
Concrete panels, reinforced with fibreglass mesh, 
originating in or exported from the United States of 
America and produced by or on behalf of custom building products, its successors and assigns, for use 
or consumption in the province of British Columbia 
or Alberta (Injury) (inve stigation by Canada) CDA-97-1904-01 Panel affirmed ag ency's determination on 26 
August 1998 
Certain prepared baby foods originating in or 
exported from the United States (Injury) (investigation by Canada) CDA-USA-98-1904-01 Active 
Certain cold-reduced flat-rolled sheet products of 
carbon steel (including high-strength low-alloy steel) 
originating in or exported from the United States of 
America (Injury) (investigation by Canada) CDA-USA-98-1904-02 Active 
Import of flat coated steel products, in and from the 
United States of America (Dumping) (investigation 
by Mexico) MEX-94-1904-01 Final decision affirm ing the third determination on 
remand issued on 13 April 1998 
Polystyrene and impact crystal from the United States of America (Dumping) (investigation by Mexico) MEX-94-1904-03 Panel affirmed the agency's determination 
Seamless line pipe originati ng in the United States of 
America (Dumping) (investigation by Mexico) MEX-95-1904-01 Terminated – No decision issued 
Imports of Hydrogen Peroxide originating in the 
United States of America (Countervailing Duty) 
(investigation by Mexico) MEX-97-1904-01 Terminated – No decision issued 
Imports of high-fructose corn syrup originating in the 
United States of America (Dumping) (investigation 
by Mexico) MEX-USA-98-1904-01 Active 
Certain solder joint pressure  pipe fittings and solder 
joint drainage, waste and vent pipe fittings, made of cast copper alloy, wrought copper alloy or wrought 
copper, originating in or exported from the United 
States of America (order rescinding injury finding) 
(investigation by Canada) CDA-98-1904-03 Active 
III.  Review of Canadian measures aff ecting U.S. exports (under NAFTA chapter 20)  
Tariffs applied by Canada to certain U.S.-origin 
agricultural products USA-95-2008-01 Panel report issued on 2 December 1996 
IV.  Review of U.S. measures (under NAFTA chapter 20)  
U.S. safeguard action taken on broomcorn brooms 
from Mexico USA-97-2009-01 Panel report issued on 30 January 1999 
Cross-border trucking services and investment 
(requested by Mexico) USA-98-2008-01 Active 
Cross-border bus services (request ed by Mexico) USA-98-2008-02 Active 
Source : NAFTA Secretariat. United States WT/TPR/S/56 
 Page 255 
 
 
Table AIII.1 
Anti-dumping duty orders in effect on  1 January 1999 by co untry and products 
Country/ 
Customs territory Products Number of 
orders 
Argentina Barbed Wire and Barbless Wire Strand; Carbon Steel Wire Rod; Oil Country Tubular Goods; 
Silicon Metal; Line and Pressure Pipe; Welded Carbon Steel Pipe and Tube. 6 
Armenia Solid Urea 1 
Australia Canned Bartlett Pears; Corrosi on-Resistant Carbon Steel Flat Prod. 2 
Austria Railway Track Maintenance Equipment 1 
Azerbaijan Solid Urea 1 
Bangladesh Cotton Shop Towels 1 
Belarus Solid Urea 1 
Belgium Cut-to-Length Carbon Steel Plate;  Industrial. Phosphoric Acid; Sugar. 3 
Brazil Brass Sheet & Strip; Car bon Steel Butt-Weld Pipe Fittings; Circular-Welded Non-Alloy Steel 
Pipe; Cut-to-Length Carbon Steel Plate; Ferrosilicon; Frozen Con centrated Orange Juice; Hot 
Rolled Lead & Bismuth Carbon Steel Products; Industrial Nitrocellulose; Iron Construction Castings; Malleable Cast Iron Pipe Fittings; Silic omanganese; Silicon Metal; Stainless Steel Bar; 
Stainless Steel Wire Rod; Sta ndard Line and Pressure Pipe. 15 
Canada Elemental Sulphur; Red Raspberries; Cut-to-L ength Carbon Steel Plate; Sugar and Syrup; Iron 
Construction Castings; Oil Country Tubular G oods; Brass Sheet & Strip; Corrosion-Resistant 
Carbon Steel Flat Products; Color Picture Tubes;  Pure and Alloy Magnesium; New Steel Rails; 
Racing Plates;  Steel Jacks. 13 
Chile Fresh Cut Flowers; Fresh Atlantic Salmon; Preserved Mushrooms. 3 
China Potassium Permanganate; Chlo ropicrin; Cotton Shop Towels;  Ba rium Chloride; Greig Polyester 
Cotton Print Cloth;  Natural Bristle Paint Brushe s and Brush Heads; Iron Construction Castings;  
Petroleum Wax Candles; Porcelain-on-Steel Cooking Ware;    Tapered Roller Bearings;  Industrial Nitrocellulose;  Heavy Forged Hand Tool s;  Sparklers;   Chrome-plated Lug Nuts;  
Carbon Steel Butt-Weld Pipe Fittings; Sulfanilic  Acid;  Tungsten Ore Concentrates;  Silicon 
Metal;  Ferrosilicon;  Compact Ductile Iron Wate rworks Fittings and Glands;  Sebacic Acid;  
Sulphur Chemicals (Sodium Thiosulfate);  Helical Spring Lock Washers;  Paper Clips;  Pencils, 
cased; Silicomanganese;  Coumarin;  Garlic,  Fr esh;   Pure Magnesium;  Furfuryl Alcohol; 
Glycine;  Melamine Institutional Dinnerware;   Manganese Metal; Polyvinyl Alcohol; Brake 
Rotors; Persulfates. 36  
Chinese Taipei Carbon Steel Butt-Weld Pipe Fittings; Ca rbon Steel Plate; Circular-W elded Non-Alloy Pipes and 
Tubes; Chrome-Plated Lug Nuts; Color  Television Receivers; Stainless Steel Flanges; Helical 
Spring Lock Washers; Malleable Cast Iron Pipe Fittings; Melamine Institutional Dinnerware; Oil 
Country Tubular Goods; Polyvinyl Alcohol; Porcelain-on-Steel Cooking Ware; Telephone 
Systems and sub-assemblies thereof; Light,Walle d Rectangular Welded Carbon Steel Pipe and 
Tubing; Small Diameter Welded Carbon Circular Pipes and Tubes; Stainless Steel Butt-Weld 
Pipe Fittings; Stainless Steel C ooking Ware (Top-of-the-Stove) ; St ainless Steel Flanges; Static 
Random Access Memory Semiconductors (SRAMs ); Welded ASTMA A-312 Stainless Steel 
Pipes. 20 
Colombia Fresh Cut Flowers. 1 
Ecuador Fresh Cut Flowers. 1 
Estonia Solid Urea. 1 
Finland Cut-to-Length Carbon Steel Plate; Rayon Staple Fiber. 2 
France Anhydrous Sodium Metasilicate; Brass Sheet & Strip; Calcium Alumin ate Cement and Cement 
Clinker (Flux); Corrosion-Resistant Carbon Steel  Flat Products; Hot Rolled Lead and Bismuth 
Carbon Steel; Industrial Nitrocellulose; Large Power Transformers;  Sorbitol; Antifriction  
Bearings; Stainless Steel Wire Rod; Sugar. 12 
Table AIII.1 (cont'd)  WT/TPR/S/56 Trade Policy Review 
Page 256 
 
 
Country/ 
Customs 
territory Products Number of 
orders 
Georgia Solid Urea. 1 
Germany Animal Glue; Barium Carbonate; Brass Sheet and Strip; Cold-Rolled Carbon Steel Flat Products; 
Corrosion-Resistant Carbon Steel Flat Products; Cut-to-Length Carbon Steel Plate; Hot Rolled 
Lead and Bismuth Carbon Steel Products; Indus trial Belts Except Synchronous and V Belts; 
Industrial Nitrocellulose; Large Newspaper Prin ting Presses and Components; Sugar; Sulphur 
Chemicals (Sodium Thiosulfate); Seamless Line  and Pressure Pipe; Antifriction Bearings. 14 
 
Greece Electrolytic Manganese Dioxide. 1 
Hungary Tapered Roller Bearings. 1 
India Stainless Steel Flanges; Welded Carbon Steel Pipes and Tubes;  Stainless Steel Bar; Stainless 
Steel Wire Rod ; Sulfanilic Acid. 5 
Indonesia Melamine Institutional Dinnerware 1 
Iran Pistachio Nuts, In Shell 1 
Israel Oil Country Tubular Goods; Industrial Phosphoric Acid. 2 
Italy Brass Fire Protection Equipment; Brass Fire Protection Equipment; Brass Sheet & Strip; Certain 
Pasta; Grain-Oriented Electrical Steel; Granular Polytetraflouroetheylene  Resin; Large Power  
Transformers;  Stainless Steel Wire Rod; Pre ssure Sensitive (Plastic) Tape; Seamless Line and 
Pressure Pipe; Antifriction Bearings; Oil Country Tubular Goods; Industrial Belts. 13 
Japan Roller Chain - Other Than Bi cycle;  Synthetic Methionine;  Steel Wire Rope; Tapered Roller 
Bearings, Over 4 Inches; Tapered Roller Bearings;  Under 4 Inches Ball Bearings; Melamine, in Crystal Form; Steel Wire Strand P.C.; Calc ium Hypochlorite; Cellular Mobile Phones and 
Subassemblies; Carbon Steel Butt-Weld Pipe Fitti ngs; Cast Iron Pipe Fittings, Malleable; Color 
Picture Tubes; Stainless Steel Butt-Weld Pipe F ittings; Forklift Trucks, Internal Combustion Ind.; 
Brass Sheet and Strip; Nitrile Rubber; Granular Po lytetrafluoroetheylene Resin; 3.5" Micro Disks 
and Media Thereof; Antifriction Bearings; Elect ric Cutting/Sanding/Grinding Tools, Professional; 
Industrial Belts; Telephone Systems and subassemblie s Thereof; Mechanical Transfer Presses; 
Drafting Machines and Parts Ther eof; Industrial Nitrocellulose; Multiangle Laser Light Scattering 
Instruments; Grey Portland Cement and Cement C linker; Benzyl Paraben; Professional Electric 
Cutting/Sanding/Grinding Tools; Acrylic Sheet;  Melamine;  Impression Fabric; Corrosion-
Resistant Carbon Steel Flat Products; Defrost Time rs; Grain-Oriented Electrical Steel; Stainless 
Steel Bar; Oil Country Tubular Goods; Polyviny l Alcohol; Large Newspaper Printing Presses and 
Components; Clad Steel Plate; Gas Turbo Compressors; Stainless Steel Wire Rod;  Fish Netting 
of Manmade Fiber;  Large Powe r Transformers;  Titanium Sponge;  Television Receivers; Small 
Electric Motors; High Power Microwave Amplifiers; Bicycle Speedometers.            
49 
Kazakstan Ferrosilicon; Solid Urea; Titanium Sponge. 3 
Kenya Fresh Cut Flowers (Standard Carnations). 1 
Korea, Rep. of Malleable Cast Iron Pipe Fittings; Stai nless Steel Cooking Ware; Color Pictures Tubes; Color 
Television Receivers; Industrial Nitrocellulose; Polyethylene Terephthalate Film; Circular-
Welded Non-Alloy Steel Pipes Telephone Systems and Subassemblies Thereof; Welded Stainless 
Steel Pipes (ASTM A-312); Steel Wire Rope (C arbon); DRAMS of 1 Megabit and Above Brass 
Sheet and Strip; Stainless Steel Butt-Weld Pipe Fittings; Cold-Rolled Carbon Steel Flat Products; 
Corrosion-Resistant Carbon Steel Flat Products; O il Country Tubular Goods; Stainless Steel Wire 
Rod. 17 
Kyrgyzstan Solid Urea. 1 
Latvia Solid Urea. 1 
Lithuania Solid Urea. 1 
Malaysia Extruded Rubber Thread. 1 
Mexico Cooking Ware, Porcelain on Steel; Fresh Cut Flowers; Circular-Welde d Non-Alloy Pipe; Grey 
Portland Cement and Cement Clinker; Steel Wi re Rope (Carbon); Cut-to-Length Carbon Steel 
Plate; Oil Country Tubular Goods. 7 
Table AIII.1 (cont'd)  United States WT/TPR/S/56 
 Page 257 
 
 
Country/ 
Customs 
territory Products Number of 
orders 
Moldova Solid Urea. 1 
Netherlands Aramid Fibre (of PPP-T); Brass Sheet a nd Strip; Cold-Rolled Carbon Steel Flat Products. 3 
New Zealand Brazing Copper Wire and Rod (low-fuming); Kiwifruit, Fresh. 2 
Norway Fresh and Chilled Atlantic Salmon 1 
Poland Cut-to-Length Carbon Steel Plate 1 
Romania Antifriction Bearings; Cut-to-Length Carbon St eel Plate; Solid Urea; Tapered Roller Bearings. 4 
Russia Ferrosilicon; Ferrovanadium and Nitride Va nadium; Pure Magnesium; Solid Urea; Titanium 
Sponge. 5 
Singapore Ball Bearings; Color Picture Tubes; Small Diameter Standard Rect angular Pipe and Tube; 
Industrial Belts. 4 
South Africa Brazing Copper Wire and R od, Low-fuming; Furfuryl Alcohol. 2 
Spain Cut-to-Length Carbon Steel Plate; Potassium Pe rmanganate; Stainless Steel Bar; Stainless Steel 
Wire Rod. 4 
Sweden Antifriction Bearings; Bra ss Sheet and Strip; Cut-to-Lengt h Carbon Steel Plate; Seamless 
Stainless Steel Hollow Products; Stainless Steel Plate. 5 
Tajikistan Solid Urea. 1 
Thailand Carbon Steel Butt-Weld Pipe  Fittings; Canned Pineapple Fruit; Circular-Welded Carbon Pipe and 
Tube; Furfuryl Alcohol; Malleable Cast Iron Pipe Fittings. 6 
Turkey Aspirin; Certain Pasta; Rebar Steel; Welded Carbon Pipes and Tubes. 4 
Turkmenistan Solid Urea. 1 
Ukraine Ferrosilicon; Pure Magnesium; So lid Urea; Titanium Sponge ;Uranium. 5 
United Kingdom Antifriction Bearings; Cut-to-Length Car bon Steel Plate; Hot-Rolled Lead and Bismuth Carbon 
Steel; Industrial Nitrocellulose; Sul phur Chemical (Sodium Thiosulfate). 5 
Uzbekistan Solid Urea. 1 
Venezuela Circular-Welded N on-Alloy Pipe; Ferrosilicon. 2 
Yugoslavia Industrial Nitrocellulose. 1 
Source : International Trade Administration; WT O document G/ADP/N/41/ USA, 25 September 1998.  
 
 WT/TPR/S/56 Trade Policy Review 
Page 258 
 
 
Table AIII.2 
Countervailing duty orders in  effect on 1 January 1999 
Country Products Number of Orders 
Argentina Wool, oil country tubular goods; welded carbon steel pipe and tube  products;  leather. 4 
Belgium Carbon steel flat products. 1 
Brazil Castor oil products;  agricultural tillage ;  iron construction castings (heavy castings 
only);  brass sheet and strip;  hot rolled l ead/bismuth carbon steel products;  carbon steel 
flat products. 5 
Canada Live swine and fresh, chilled and frozen pork (order on swine only);  new steel rails;  
pure and alloy magnesium. 3 
Chile Fresh cut flowers. 1 
Chinese Taipei Top-of-the-stove  stainless steel cooking ware. 1 
EC Sugar 1 
France Brass sheet and strip;  hot rolled lead/b ismuth carbon steel products;  carbon steel flat 
products. 3 
Germany Hot rolled lead/bismuth carbon steel products;  carbon steel flat products. 2 
India Iron metal castings;  sulfanilic acid. 2 
Iran In-shell pistachio nuts;  roasted in shell pistachios. 2 
Israel Oil country tubular goods;  industrial phosphoric acid. 2 
Italy Grain-oriented electrical steel;  seamless lines and pressure pipe;  oil country tubular 
goods;  pasta, certain stainless steel wire rods. 5 
Korea Top-of-the-stove stainless steel cooking ware;  carbon steel flat products. 2 
Malaysia Extruded rubber thread. 1 
Mexico Porcelain-on-steel cooking wa re;  carbon steel flat products. 2 
Netherlands Fresh cut flowers. 1 
Norway Fresh and chille d atlantic salmon. 1 
Pakistan Cotton shop towels. 1 
Peru Fresh cut flowers. 1 
Spain Stainless steel wire rod;   carbon steel flat products. 2 
Sweden Cold-rolled carbon steel products;  carbon steel flat products. 2 
Thailand Textiles and textile products. 1 
Turkey Pasta, certain. 1 
United Kingdom Hot rolled lead/bismuth carbon st eel products;  carbon steel flat products 2 
Venezuela Ferrosilicon 1 
Source : U.S. Department of Commerce, International Trade Administration. United States WT/TPR/S/56 
 Page 259 
 
 
Table AIII.3 
Calendar of Sunset Reviews, July 1998-December 1999, and results available as of 30 April 1999  
July 1998  
Australia:  Canned Bartlett Pears a 
Canada:  Steel Jacks a 
France:  Large Power Transformers a 
Italy:  Large Power Transformersa 
Japan:  Fish Netting of Manmade Fibrea;  Large Power 
Transformers a;  Titanium Sponge a;  Bicycle Speedometers a 
Kazakstan:  Titanium Sponge a;  Roller Chain 
Russia:  Titanium Sponge a 
Ukraine:  Titanium Sponge a 
August 1998  
Canada:  Elemental Sulphur c;  Racing Plates a 
Japan:  Synthetic Methionine;  Polychloroprene Rubber;  Acrylic 
Sheet a;  Melamine 
Sweden:  Stainless Steel Plate 
September 1998 
Austria:  Railway Track Equipment a 
Brazil:  Cotton Yarn a  
Finland:  Rayon Staple Fiber a 
Germany:  Animal Glue a 
Italy:  Pressure Sensitive Taped 
Japan:  Steel Wire Strand d;  Impression Fabric a 
Sweden:  Rayon Staple Fiber (C)a 
October 1998  
Belgium:  Sugar 
Canada:  Sugar and Syrups 
China:  Barium Chloride d 
EC:  Sugar (C) France:  Sugar;  Anhydrous Sodium Metasilicate;  Sorbitol 
d 
Germany:  Sugar;  Barium Carbonate a 
Japan:  Television Receivers a;  Small Electric Motors a;  High 
Power Microwave Amplifiers a 
Korea:  Color Television Receivers a 
Taiwan:  Color Television Receivers a 
November 1998  
Argentina:  Carbon Steel Wire Rod;  Steel Wire Rod (C) 
Brazil:  Iron Metal Castings 
Canada:  Iron Metal Castings China:  Chloropicrin; 
d Griege Polyester Cotton Print; d  Iron 
Construction Castings;  Potassium Permanganate 
Brazil:  Heavy Iron Construction Castings (C) 
India:  Iron Metal Castings (C) December 1998  
Argentina:  Barbed Wire d 
Brazil:  Castor Oil a (C);  Frozen Concentr ated Orange Juice (C) a; 
Frozen Concentrated Orange Jui ce;  Agricultural Tillage Tools a 
Canada:  Live Swine;  Red Raspberries a 
China:  Sebacic Acid d 
Colombia:  Textiles & Textile Products (C) a 
Japan:  Calcium Hypochlorite a 
Thailand:  Certain Textile Mill Products (C) a 
January 1999  
Bangladesh:  Shop Towels 
Brazil:  Malleable Cast Iron Pipe Fittings China:  Candles;  Paint Brushes;  Shop Towels 
Japan:  Brazing Copper Wire & Rod;  Cellular Mobile Phone 
a;  
Steel Wire Rope 
Korea:  Brazing Copper Wire & Rod;  Steel Wire Rope 
Mexico:  Steel Wire Rope New Zealand:  Brazing Copper Wire & Rod
 a 
Pakistan:  Shop Towels (C) 
Peru:  Cotton Shop Towels (C) 
South Africa:  Brazing Copper Wire & Rod a 
Taiwan:  Brazing Copper Wire & Rod 
Thailand:  Brazing Copper Wire & Rod 
February 1999  
Brazil:  Brass Sheet & Strip (C);  Brass Sheet & Strip 
Chile:  Standard Carnations (C);  Standard Carnations China:  Porcelain-on-Steel Cooking Ware 
Colombia:  Fresh Cut Flowers 
Ecuador:  Fresh Cut Flowers France:  Brass Sheet & Strip (C);  Brass Sheet & Strip 
Germany:  Brass Sheet & Strip 
Italy:  Brass Sheet & Strip Japan:  Brass Sheet & Strip 
Kenya:  Standard Carnations 
b 
Korea:  Brass Sheet & Strip;  Top-of-the-Stove Stainless Steel 
Cooking Ware;  Top-of-the-Stove Stainless Steel Cooking Ware (C) 
Mexico:  Fresh Cut Flowers;  Porcelain-on-Steel Cooking Ware; 
Porcelain-on-Steel Cooking Ware (C) 
Netherlands:  Brass Sheet & Strip;  Standard Chrysanthemums (C) d 
Peru:  Pompon Chrysanthemums (C) 
Sweden:  Brass Sheet & Strip 
Taiwan:  Porcelain-on-Steel Cooking Ware;  Top-of-the-Stove 
Stainless Steel Cooking Ware (C);  Top-of-the-Stove Stainless Steel 
Cooking Ware 
 
 
 
 
 Table AIII.3 (cont'd) 
  WT/TPR/S/56 Trade Policy Review 
Page 260 
 
 
Italy:  Brass Fire Protection  Equipmenta 
Singapore:  Refrigeration Compressors (C) a 
Spain:  Potassium Permanganate 
  
March 1999  
Armenia:  Solid Urea 
Azerbaijan:  Solid Urea d 
Belarus:  Solid Urea 
Belgium:  Industrial Phosphoric Acid Canada:  Color Picture Tubes Estonia:  Solid Urea 
Georgia:  Solid Urea 
d 
Israel:  Industrial Phosphoric Acid (C);  Industrial Phosphoric 
Acid d 
Japan:  Color Picture Tubes 
Kazakstan:  Solid Urea d 
Korea:  Color Picture Tubes 
Kyrgyzstan:  Solid Urea d 
Latvia:  Solid Urea d 
Lithuania:  Solid Urea 
Moldova:  Solid Urea d 
Romania:  Solid Urea Russia:  Solid Urea 
Singapore:  Color Picture Tubes 
Tajikistan:  Solid Urea Turkey:  Aspirin 
Turkmenistan:  Solid Urea 
Ukraine:  Solid Urea Uzbekistan:  Solid Urea 
April 1999  
Canada:  Potassium Chloride 
d 
China:  Tapered Roller Bearings France:  Cylindrical Roller Bearings, Ball Bearings, Spherical 
Ball Bearings 
Germany:  Spherical Plain Be arings and Cylindrical Roller 
Bearings 
Hungary:  Tapered Roller Bearings 
Italy:  Ball Bearings and Cylindrical Roller Bearings Japan:  Tapered Roller Beari ngs;  Tapered Roller Bearings; 
Cylindrical Roller Bearings, Ball Bearings, and Spherical Plain 
Bearings;  Forklift Trucks;  Nitrile Rubber 
Romania:  Tapered Roller Bearings;  Ball Bearings 
Singapore:  Ball Bearings 
Sweden:  Ball Bearings, Cylindrical Roller Bearings United Kingdom:  Ball Bearings, Cylindrical Roller Bearings 
May 1999  
Argentina:  Light Walled Rectangular Tubing 
Brazil:  Circular-Welded Non-Alloy Steel Pipe;  Carbon Steel 
Butt-Weld Pipe Fittings 
Canada:  Oil Country Tubular Goods May 1999  (cont'd) 
Italy:  Granular Polytetraflouroetheylene Resin Japan:  Granular Polytetrafluoroeth eylene Resin;  Carbon Steel Butt-
Weld Pipe Fittings;  Micro Disks;  Electrolytic Manganese Dioxide 
Korea:  Circular-Welde d Non-Alloy Steel Pipes 
Mexico:  Circular-Welded Non-Alloy Steel Pipes Singapore:  Small Diam eter Standard & Rectangular Pipe & Tube 
Taiwan:  Oil Country Tubular G oods;  Light Walled Rectangular 
Tubing;  Circular-Welde d Non-Alloy Steel Pipes 
Carbon Steel Butt-Weld Pipe Fittings;  Small Diameter Carbon Steel 
Pipe and Tube 
Thailand:  Welded Carbon Steel Pipes and Tubes;  Carbon Steel 
Butt-Weld Pipe Fittings 
Turkey:  Welded Carbon Steel Pipe s, Tubes and Line Pipes (C);  
Welded Carbon Steel Pipes and Tubes 
Venezuela:  Circular-Welded Non-Alloy Steel Pipes 
June 1999  
Brazil:  Industrial Nitrocellulose 
Canada:  Steel Rail;  Steel Rail (C) 
China:  Industrial Nitrocellulose 
France:  Industrial Nitrocellulose Germany:  Industrial Nitrocellulose;  Industrial Belts Except 
Synchronous & V Belts 
Italy:  Synchronous and V-Belts Japan:  Industrial Nitrocellulose;  Drafting Machines;  Small 
Business Telephone Systems;  Mechanical Transfer Presses; 
Multiangle Laser Light Scattering Instruments;  Benzyl Paraben; 
Industrial Belts 
Korea:  Industrial Nitrocellulose;  Small Business Telephone 
Systems 
Singapore:  V-Belts Taiwan:  Small Business Telephone Systems 
United Kingdom:  Industrial Nitrocellulose 
Yugoslavia:  Industrial Nitrocellulose 
July 1999  
Brazil:  Stainless Steel Wire Rods 
China:  Bars, Wedges, Axes, Adzes, Picks, Mattocks, Hammers, 
Sledges;  Sparklers;  Sulfur Chemicals (Sodium Thiosulfate) 
France:  Stainless Steel Wire Rods 
Germany:  Sulfur Chemicals (Sodium Thiosulfate) India:  Stainless Steel Wire Rods 
Japan:  Stainless Steel Butt-Weld Pipe Fittings 
Korea:  Welded Stainless Steel Pipes;  Polyethylene Terephthalate 
Film;  Stainless Steel Butt-Weld Pipe Fittings 
Norway:  Fresh & Chilled Atlantic Salmon;  Fresh & Chilled 
Atlantic Salmon (C) 
Spain:  Stainless Steel Wire Rods (C)  
 Table AIII.3 (cont'd) 
  United States WT/TPR/S/56 
 Page 261 
 
 
China:  Carbon Steel Butt-Weld Pipe Fittings 
Greece:  Electrolytic Manganese Dioxide 
India:  Welded Carbon Steel Pipes and Tubes 
Israel:  Oil Country Tubular Goods;  Oil Country Tubular Goods 
(C) Sweden:  Seamless Stainless Steel Hollow Products 
Taiwan:  Welded Stainless Steel Pipes;  Stainless Steel Butt-Weld 
Pipe Fittings 
United Kingdom:  Sulfur Chemicals (Sodium Thiosulfate)  
September 1999  
Australia:  Corrosion-Resistan t Carbon Steel Flat Products 
Belgium:  Cut-to-Length Carbon Steel Plate;  Cut-to-Length 
Carbon Steel Plate 
Brazil:  Cut-to-Length Carbon Steel  Plate (C);  Cut-to-Length 
Carbon Steel Plate 
Canada:  Cut-to-Length Carbon Steel Plate Finland:  Cut-to-Length Carbon Steel Plate 
France:  Corrosion-Resistant Carbon Steel Flat Products (C); 
Corrosion-Resistant Carbon Steel Flat Products Plate 
Germany:  Cut-to-Length Carbon Steel Plate (C);  Cut-to-Length 
Carbon Steel Plate;  Corrosion- Resistant Carbon Steel Flat 
Products;  Cold-Rolled Carbon Steel Flat Products 
Japan:  Corrosion-Resistant Carbon Steel Flat Products 
Korea:  Cold-Rolled Carbon Steel Flat Products and Corrosion-
Resistant Carbon Steel Flat Products (C);  Corrosion-Resistant Carbon Steel Flat Products;  Cold-Rolled Carbon Steel Flat  
Mexico:  Cut-to-Length Carbon Steel Plate (C);  Cut-to-Length 
Carbon Steel Plate Products 
Netherlands:  Cold-Rolled Carbon Steel Flat Products 
Poland:  Cut-to-Length Carbon Steel Plate 
Romania:  Cut-to-Length Carbon Steel Plate Spain:  Cut-to-Length Carbon Steel Plate (C);  Cut-to-Length 
Carbon Steel Plate 
Sweden:  Carbon Steel Products (C);  Cut-to-Length Carbon 
Steel Plate (C);  Cut-to-Length Carbon Steel Plate 
Taiwan:  Carbon Steel Plate 
United Kingdom:  Cut-to-Length Carbon Steel Plate (C);  Cut-to-
Length Carbon Steel Plate 
October 1999  
Brazil:  Hot-Rolled Lead & Bismut h Carbon Steel Products (C); 
Hot-Rolled Lead & Bismuth Carbon  Steel Products 
China:  Sulfanilic Acid 
 October 1999  (cont'd)  
France:  Hot-Rolled Lead & Bismuth Carbon  Steel Products;  
Hot-Rolled Lead & Bismuth Carbon  Steel Products (C) 
Germany:  Hot-Rolled Lead & Bismuth Carbon Steel Products;  
Hot-Rolled Lead & Bismuth Carbon  Steel Products (C) 
India:  Sulfanilic Acid ;  Sulfanilic Acid (C) 
United Kingdom:  Hot-Rolled Lead & Bismuth Carbon Steel 
Products;  Hot-Rolled Lead & Bismuth Carbon Steel Products (C) 
November 1999  
Argentina:  Silicon Metal 
Brazil:  Silicon Metal;  Ferrosilicon;  Silicomanganese 
China:  Silicon Metal;  Ferrosilicon;  Silicomanganese; Helical 
Spring Lock Washers;  Compact Ductile Iron Waterworks Fittings and Glands 
Japan:  Electric Cutting Tools 
Kazakstan:  Ferrosilicon Korea:  DRAMS of 1 Megabit and Above 
Russia:  Ferrosilicon 
Taiwan:  Helical Spring Lock Washers Ukraine:  Ferrosilicon;  Silicomanganese 
Venezuela:  Ferrosilicon (C);  Ferrosilicon 
December 1999  
China:  Garlic;  Paper Clips;  Cased Pencils 
India:  Forged Stainless Steel Flanges 
Italy:  Grain-Oriented Electrical Steel;  Grain-Oriented Electrical 
Steel (C) 
Japan:  Defrost Timers;  Grain-Oriented Electrical Steel;  Color 
Negative Photo Paper & Chemical Components 
Netherlands:  Aramid Fibre;  Color Negative Photo Paper & 
Chemical Components 
Taiwan:  Forged Stainless Steel Flanges 
 
a Review terminated;  order re voked effective 1 January 2000. 
b No domestic participation notified by De partment of Commerce. Revocation pending. 
c Negative USITC determination. Revocation pending. 
d Affirmative USITC  determination. 
Source : U.S. Department of Commerce, International Trade Administration. WT/TPR/S/56 Trade Policy Review 
Page 262 
 
 
 Table AIII.4 
Bilateral intellectual property agreements signed by the United States, as at 31 December 1998 
Name of Agreement/Country Date of Agreement /Status Main issues/ differences with TRIPS 
Agreement 
Ecuador Intellectual Property Rights Agreement 1 December 1993, to be fully implemented 
by 30 September 1994/ Agreement not 
ratified by Ecuador. Terms of protection for patents, copyrights, 
trademark, and designs in line with the TRIPS 
Agreement. Ecuador was not a GATT 
contracting party at the time the Agreement was negotiated. No five-year transition period  
for the developing country party. 
Jamaica Intellectual Property Rights Agreement  4 February 1994/ Enforcement 18 months 
after signature/ in force. Initial duration of 
the Agreement is 10 years/in force Agreement provides the same level of 
protection than NAFTA regarding full national 
treatment for U.S. intellectual property owners.  
Full protection for the copyright content of 
programming carried by satellites.  
Manufacture, import, sell, or lease of a device or system used in decoding an encrypted 
program-carrying satellite signal without the 
authorization of the lawful distributor of that signal is made a criminal offence. Trademark 
cancelled if not use for at least two years 
(compared to three years under TRIPS). No five-year transition period  for the developing 
country party. 
Japan Actions to be Taken by the 
Patent Office 16 August 1994/ in force The Japan Pa tent Office (JPO): (a) agrees to 
institute a revised opposition system by 1 January 1996.; (b) establishes as of  1 January 
1996 a system of accelerated examination of 
patent applications to be processed within 36 
months from the date of request; (c) is not to 
grant, after 1 July 1995, a dependent patent 
compulsory license other than to remedy a practice determined after judicial or 
administrative process to be anti-competitive.   
USPTO: (a) agrees to institute an "early 
publication" system by 1 January 1996, to 
make publicly available all applications, filed 
after 1 January 1996, as soon as possible after the expiration of 18 months from the filing 
date or, where priority is claimed under 35 
USC 1 19, 120, 121 or 365, from the earliest priority date.  New re-examination procedures 
to be in place by 1 January 1996 to include 
compliance with all aspects of 35 USC 112 except for the best mode requirement and to 
expand the opportunity for third parties to 
participate in any examiner interviews. Other than to remedy a practice after judicial or administrative process to be anti-competitive 
or to permit public non-commercial use, after 1 
July 1995, the USPTO is not to grant a dependent patent compulsory license. 
Korea Intellectual Property Rights and Insurance Agreement 31 July 1986/in force since 1 January 1987. 
Several parts of the Agreement superseded by TRIPS Agreement. [Please confirm] 
 Patent terms extended to 15 years in Korea; 
copyright protection to 20 years.  Korea agreed 
to remove the requirement for technology 
inducement as a condition for accepting 
applications for trademark licenses.  Korea 
repealed export requirements on goods covered 
by trademark licenses, and lifted restrictions on 
royalty terms in licenses.  Consultations to be 
held under the auspices  of the Korea-U.S. 
Economic Consultation Trade Subgroup for 
intellectual property issues. 
  Table AIII.4 (cont'd) 
   
   United States WT/TPR/S/56 
 Page 263 
 
 
Name of Agreement/Country Date of Agreement /Status Main issues/ differences with TRIPS 
Agreement 
Latvia Trade Relations and 
Intellectual Property Rights 
Agreement 6 July 1994/ in force. Agreement for an 
initial period of 10 years. Scope similar to TRIPS Agreement. National 
treatment not required with respect to 
procedures under the Patent Cooperation Treaty or procedures for acquisition or 
maintenance of trademarks under the Madrid 
Agreement Concerning the International Registration of Marks. Protection of encrypted 
satellite signals since 31 December 1995. No 
transition period; most parts of the Agreement to be put in place by 31 December 1995. 
Lithuania Trade Relations and Intellectual Property Rights 
Agreement 26 April 1994/ in force. Agreement for an 
initial period of 10 years. Scope similar to TRIPS Agreement. National 
treatment not required with respect to 
procedures under the Patent Cooperation 
Treaty or procedures for acquisition or maintenance of trademarks under the Madrid 
Agreement Concerning the International 
Registration of Marks. Protection of encrypted satellite signals since 31 December 1995. No 
transition period; most parts of the Agreement 
to be put in place by 31 December 1995. 
Nicaragua Intellectual Property Rights 
Agreement 7 January 1998 Term of protecti on for copyrights longer than 
in TRIPS Agreement: 75 years 
Paraguay  Memorandum of 
Understanding and Enforcement Action Plan on Intellectual Property 
Rights 17 November 1998 Specific near-ter m and longer-term obligations 
to strengthen Paraguaya n intellectual property 
law and enforcement procedures. Paraguay 
committed to implement institutional reforms 
to strengthen enforcement at its borders, to pursue amendments to facilitate effective 
prosecution of copyright piracy, to take 
immediate action against known centers of piracy and counterfeiting, and to coordinate the 
anti-piracy efforts of its customs, police, 
prosecutorial and tax authorities. Paraguay also agreed to pursue reform of its patent law, and 
to ensure that its government ministries use 
only authorized software. 
People's Republic of China 
Memorandum of Understanding on 
Intellectual Property Rights. 17 January 1992/ in force The Chinese Government agreed to provide 
administrative protection to U.S. 
pharmaceutical and agricultural chemical product inventions not  previously subject to 
protection by exclusive rights or subject to an 
exclusive right to prohibit others from making, using or selling it in the United States granted 
between 1 January 1986 and 1 January 1993 
and not  marketed in China. Administrative protection was granted for seven and a half 
years.  
Patents: protection period of 20 years. Copyright: protection for 50 years, including 
computer programmes. 
China agreed to ac cede to the Berne 
Convention, to the Geneva Convention . 
  Table AIII.4 (cont'd) 
   
   
      
   
         WT/TPR/S/56 Trade Policy Review 
Page 264 
 
 
Name of Agreement/Country Date of Agreement /Status Main issues/ differences with TRIPS 
Agreement 
  In accordance with Ar ticle 142 of the General 
Principles of the Civil Code of the People's 
Republic of China where there is an inconsistency between the provisions of the 
Berne Convention and the Geneva Convention 
on the one hand, and Chinese domestic law and regulations on the other hand, the international 
Conventions will prevail subject to the 
provisions to which China has declared a reservation, which is permitted by those Conventions. China agreed to amend its 
copyright law and regulations to implement the 
Conventions. 
People's Republic of China Memorandum of Understanding/ 
Action Plan in Intellectual Property 
Rights. 26 February 1995/ in force Establishment of Copyright Verification 
Systems. Enforcement of Copyrights and 
Trademarks. 
 
People's Republic of China 
Intellectual Property Rights 
Agreement.  17 June 1996/ in force Enforcement Agreement of the 1995 
Memorandum of Understanding. Geared 
towards fighting CD piracy. 
Peru Memorandum of Understanding 
on Intellectual Property Rights 23 May 1997/ in force Amendments to avoid conflict between 
provisions of different international 
agreements. 
Philippines Intellectual Property Rights Understanding 6 April 1993/ in force. Enforcement of intellectual property right in 
the Philippines, amendments to its copyright 
law; introduction of protection for sound 
recordings for at least 50 years from the date of first fixation or publication, and of exclusive 
rights for producers of sound recordings and 
their successors; exclusive right for authors of computer programs; amendments to trademark 
law to provide protection in line with the 
(then)draft text on TRIPS; to stop denying protection to internationally well-known mark 
because of lack of use or registration in the 
Philippines; on patents agreement to introduce amendments to domestic laws to comply with 
draft text on TRIPS.  
Singapore Copyrights/ Patents 
Understandings Copyrights Understanding, 31 May 1987/ 
Patents Understanding 26 April 1995/ in 
force. Singapore issued the Copyright (International 
Protection) Regulati ons 1987 promulgated 
under section 184 of the Singapore Copyright 
Act 1987 protecting works of U.S. nationals and residents and works first published in the 
United States in Singapore on the same basis 
as works of Singaporean nationals and residents and works first published in 
Singapore.  Protection retroactive for works 
still enjoy copyright protection in the United States.. The United States accepted to grant protection under Title 17 to works created on 
or after the effective date of the proclamation 
to nationals, domiciliaries of Singapore, or first published in Singapore. Singapore accepted to 
amend the Patents Act of 1994 to comply with 
TRIPS obligations. 
Sri Lanka  
Intellectual Property Rights 
Agreement 20 September 1991/ in force. Protection of copyrights for 50 years. 
Trademark protection for ten years.  
Compulsory licensing of trademarks not  permitted.  
  Table AIII.4 (cont'd) 
   
   
   United States WT/TPR/S/56 
 Page 265 
 
 
Name of Agreement/Country Date of Agreement /Status Main issues/ differences with TRIPS 
Agreement 
  Transfer of trademarks permitted. Patents 
protected for 20 years; compulsory licenses 
allowed only to remedy an adjudicated violation of competition laws, to address a 
declared national emergency, and to enable 
compliance with national air pollutant standards. Compulsory licenses non-exclusive 
and non-assignable. Payment of remuneration 
to the patent owner required, except for cases of violations of competition law. Enforcement procedures similar to TRIPS Agreement. 
Taiwan 
Copyrights/Trademarks/Intellectual 
Property Rights Understanding 31 January 1993 [Please confirm]/ 5 June 
1992 (IPR)/ in force Agreement for the protection of copyright 
between the American Institute in Taiwan 
(AIT) and the Coordination Council for North American Affairs (CCNAA). 
Agreement for the protection of intellectual 
property rights between the Coordination Council for North American Affairs (CCNAA) 
and the American Institute in Taiwan (AIT). 
(Action plan for the protection of intellectual property rights) 
 
Thailand Agreement on Intellectual 
Property Rights Protection and Enforcement b 31 August 1993/ in force Enforcement of Copyrights protection 
Thailand Copyright/ Intellectual 
Property Rights Understandings 9 February 1994, in force Commitment to eradicate piracy and ensure 
adequate and effective enforcement of copyrights and trademarks over the long-term. 
 
Trinidad and Tobago Intellectual 
Property Rights Agreement. 26 September 1994, in force for an initial 
period of ten years. Agreement goes beyond TRIPS commitments; 
it includes a protection period of 75 years for 
copyrights from the date of publication, or 
failing publication within this period, 100 years since date of creation. Full protection for the 
copyright content of programming carried by 
satellites.  
Manufacture, import, sell, or lease of a device 
or system used in decoding an encrypted 
program-carrying satellite signal without the authorization of the lawful distributor of that 
signal. is made a criminal offence. Trademark 
cancelled if not use for at least two years (compared to three years under TRIPS). No 
five-year transition period  for the developing 
country party. 
 
Vietnam Establishment of Copyright 
Relat. Agreement 1997 [please provide date¡ / in force 
[confirm]  National treatment for copyright protection. 
Consultation mechanism for resolution of disputes 
Source : U.S. Department of Commerce, International Trade Administration. WT/TPR/S/56 Trade Policy Review 
Page 266 
 
 
Table AIII.5 
Exclusion and cease and desist orde rs issued by the USITC in section 337 investigations, 1996 and 1997a 
Investigation Year Remedial Order 
Certain Neodymium-Iron-Boron magnet s, Magnet Alloys, and articles 
containing the same, Inv. No. 337-TA-372 1996 General exclusion order 
Cease and desist order 
Certain electrical connectors and products containing same, Inv. 
No. 337-TA-374 1996 Limited exclusion order 
Cease and desist order 
Certain variable speed wind turbines, Inv.  No. 337-TA-376 1996 Limited exclusion order 
Certain Asian-Style Kamaboko fish cakes, I nv. No. 337-TA-378 1996 Limited exclusion order 
Cease and desist order (2) 
Certain hardware logic emulation systems, Inv. No. 337-TA-383 
(temporary relief) 1996 Temp. limited exclusion order 
Temp. cease and desist order 
Certain condensers, parts thereo f and products containing same, 
including air conditioners for automobiles, Inv. No. 337-TA-334 
(Remand) 1997 Limited exclusion order 
Certain Neodymium-Iron-Boron Magnets , Magnet Alloys, and articles 
containing the same, Inv. No. 337- TA-372 (enforcement proceeding) 1997 Limited exclusion order 
Cease and desist order 
(Consent order was converted into LEO 
and C&D order) 
Certain agricultural tractors under 50 power take-off horsepower, Inv. 
No. 337-TA-380 1997 General exclusion order 
Cease and desist order (11) 
Certain flash memory circuits a nd products containing same, Inv. 
No. 337-TA-382 1997 Limited exclusion order 
Cease and desist order 
Certain hardware logic emulation systems, Inv. No. 337-TA-383 
(permanent relief) 1997 Limited exclusion order 
Cease and desist order 
Certain toothbrushes and packaging thereof, Inv. No. 337-TA-391 1997 Limited exclusion order 
a Calendar years.  No exclusion or cease and de sist orders were issued by the USITC in 1998. 
Source:  USTR;  and USITC. United States WT/TPR/S/56 
 Page 267 
 
 
Table AIII.6  
Federal Trade Commission:  Consent Orders  Issued and Civil Penalty Actions FY 1997  
Company 
Consent Orders  Type of Matter  Product/Service  Consent Order Date  
American 
Cyanamid 
Company Vertical price 
fixing  Agricultural chemicals Prohibits Amer ican Cyanamid from entering into 
agreements that control prices and from 
conditioning the payment of rebates or other 
incentives on the resale prices its dealers charge for its products. 12.5.97 
American Home 
Products 
Corporation Horizontal 
merger Canine and feline 
vaccines Requires American Home  Products to divest 
Solvay's U.S. and Canadian rights to the three 
vaccines to Schering-Plough Corporation. and to 
manufacture and supply the vaccines to Schering-Plough until Schering-Plough obtains all necessary 
government certifications and approvals to 
manufacture and sell the vaccines. 16.5.97 
Autodesk, Inc. Horizontal 
merger Computer-aided 
design software 
engines Prohibits Autodesk or Softdesk from reacquiring 
IntelliCADD without prior FTC notice for ten 
years.  18.6.97 
Baxter 
International, Inc. Horizontal 
merger Blood plasma products Requires Baxt er to divest its Autoplex blood 
plasma product and to license Immuno's fibrin 
sealant to Commission-approved buyers.  24.3.97 
The Boeing 
Company Horizontal 
merger Defense and space 
vehicles To remedy the possibility that as a competitor and 
supplier, Boeing would have inappropriate access 
to competitively sensitive in formation  in the space 
launch vehicle business, the consent order establishes two information restrictions: (1) 
preventing the flow of competitively sensitive 
information between Boei ng's team and a division 
of Rockwell that currently provides wings to the 
other team, and (2) pr ohibiting Boeing from 
disclosing non-public information from any space launch vehicle manufacturer to its own launch 
vehicle division. 5.3.97 
Cadence Design 
Systems, Inc. Horizontal 
merger routing Software for integrated 
circuits Requires Cadence to allow developers to 
participate in Cadence's software interface 
programmes. 11.8.97 
Ciba Geigy 
Limited;  Chiron 
Corporation; 
Novartis AG; Sandoz 
Corporation; 
Sandoz Ltd Horizontal 
merger R&D in gene therapy 
treatments, corn 
herbicides, flea-
control products. In the gene therapy market, the order requires the 
licensing of certain intellectual properties to 
Rhone-Poulenc Rorer and other firms to permit 
continued competition in R&D and commercialization for a broad range of future 
medical treatments. In addition, Sandoz agreed to 
divest its U.S. and Canadian corn herbicide business to BASF Aktiengesellschaft within 10 
days.  The consent order also requires the 
divestiture of Sandoz's flea-control business to Central Garden and Pet Supply of Lafayette, 
California, within 30 days. 28.3.97 
Class Rings, Inc. Horizontal 
merger Commemorative Class 
Rings Prevents class rings from acquiring Town & 
Country's Gold Lance, In c., division, which will 
remain as an independent competitor, and prohibits 
Town & Country from acquiring any interest in 
Castle Harlan or Class Rings.  In addition, for ten years, the order requires the three companies to 
obtain Commission appr oval before acquiring 
certain assets from one another. 20.12.96 
Cooperative 
Computing, Inc. Horizontal 
merger Electronic automotive 
parts catalogues Requires Cooperative Computing to divest its 
electronic parts catalog and related assets to 
MacDonald Computer Services or another Commission-approved buyer. 20.6.97 
   Table AIII.6 (cont'd) 
     
     
     WT/TPR/S/56 Trade Policy Review 
Page 268 
 
 
Company 
Consent Orders  Type of Matter  Product/Service  Consent Order Date  
CVS Corporation Horizontal 
merger Drug Stores Requires CVS to divest 114 Revco stores in 
Virginia and 6 pharmacie s in Binghamton.  Under 
terms of the order, CVS agreed to divest the Revco stores in Virginia to Eckerd Corporation, a 
subsidiary of J. C. Penney Company, and the 
pharmacies in Binghamton to Medicine Shoppe International, Inc. 13.8.97 
Dwights's Energy 
Data, Inc. Horizontal 
merger Gas and oil production 
data Requires Dwight's Energy Data licensing of its gas 
and oil production data to an FTC-approved buyer . 28.7.97 
Fresenius, AG Horizontal 
merger Hemodialysis 
concentrate Requires Fresenius to divest a production facility in 
Lewisberry, Pennsylvania, to Di-Chem, Inc., or to another Commission-approved acquirer.  15.10.96 
General Mills, Inc. Horizontal 
merger Ready-to-eat cereals Acquired Ralcorp retains its private-label cereal 
business, as well as the right  to transfer them to any 
other firm without the aut horization or approval of 
General Mills. Prohibits General Mills from 
delaying production of the private-label rival cereals. 16.5.97 
Hale Products, Inc. Exclusive deali ng Fire truck pumps Prohibits Hale from engaging in any conduct that 
restrains fire truck manufacturers from purchasing mounted fire pumps from any other company. 25.11.96 
J. C. Penney 
Company, Inc. Horizontal 
merger Drug stores Requires J. C. Pe nney to divest 34 Thrift drug 
stores in the Charlotte and Raleigh-Durham areas of North Carolina, all 110 Rite Aid drug stores in North Carolina, and all 17 Rite Aid drug stores in 
the Charleston, South Carolina, area to a 
Commission-approved buyer.  The FTC approved divestiture of the stores to  New Kerr Drug, Inc., in 
May 1997.  28.2.97 
Mahle GmbH Horizontal 
merger Diesel Engine Pistons Requires Mahle to pay a record $5.6 million civil 
penalty for failing to notify the two federal antitrust 
agencies before consummating the acquisition. 9.6.97 
Montana 
Associated 
Physicians, Inc. Horizontal 
restraints Physician Services Prohibits Mont ana Associated Physicians and 
Billings Physician Hospital Alliance from entering 
into any agreemen ts with physicians to refuse to 
deal with third-party payers and to fix or control the fees charged for any physician's services. 13.1.97 
NGC Corporation Horizontal 
merger Natural gas 
fractionation Requires NGC to divest its 80% interest in the 
Mont Belvieu I natural gas liquids fractionation 
facility in Texas. The Commission approved NGC's 
sale of the assets to Koch Hydrocarbon Company, a 
division of Koch Industries, Inc. 12.12.96 
Phillips Petroleum 
Company Horizontal 
merger Natural gas 
transportation Phillips agreed to divest 160 miles of its natural gas 
pipeline system in the Anadarko Basin area of 
Oklahoma to KN Gas Gathering, Inc., under a consent order settling antitrust concerns stemming 
from its acquisition of certain ANR Pipeline 
Company gas gathering assets. 28.3.97 
Tenet Healthcare 
Corporation Horizontal 
merger Inpatient hospital 
services Requires Tenet to divest OrNda's French Hospital 
Medical Center within six months to an FTC-
approved acquirer. 20.5.97 
Time Warner Inc. Horizontal 
merger  Cable television In acquisition of Tu rner's Cable News Network, the 
order reduces Time Warner's enhanced 
opportunities for bundling Time Warner and Turner 
programming, bars Time Warner from discriminating in price against rival cable systems, 
and requires Time Warner's cable interests to carry 
a rival television station to Turner's Cable News Network. 3.2.97 
   Table AIII.6 (cont'd) 
     
     United States WT/TPR/S/56 
 Page 269 
 
 
Company 
Consent Orders  Type of Matter  Product/Service  Consent Order Date  
Waterous 
Company, Inc. Exclusive dealing Fire truck pumps Prohib its Waterous from engaging in any conduct 
that restrains fire truck manufacturers from 
purchasing mounted fire pumps from any other company 22.11.96 
Wesley-Jensen 
Corporation Horizontal 
merger  Contact lenses Requires Wesley-J essen to divest the Pilkington 
Barnes Hind opaque lens business to a 
Commission-approved acquirer.  On 18 March 
1997, the FTC approved divestiture to The Cooper Companies, Inc. 3.1.97 
Civil Penalty Actions  
Figgie 
International Inc. Pre-merger 
notification Consumer and 
industrial products US$150,000 civil penalty for failing to notify pre-
merger 14.2.97 
Mahle GmbH Pre-merger 
notification Diesel engine pistons US$5.6 million civil penalty for failing to notify 
pre-merger. 23.6.97 
Red Apple 
Companies, Inc. Order violation Grocery st ores US$600,000 civil penalty  for failing to notify pre-
merger. 23.2.97 
Schnuck Markets, 
Inc. Order violation Grocery stores US$3 million civil penalty to settle allegations that 
the supermarket chain allowed numerous stores, 
designated for divestiture under a 1995 FTC 
consent order, to deteri orate before being sold. 28.7.97 
Source : FTC, Annual Report of the Federal Trade Commission Fiscal Year 1997. 
  
__________