Import Health Standard  
Issued under the Biosecurity Act 1993   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Seeds for Sowing  
155.02.05  
26 October 2022  
 Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing   Final  26 October 2022  
Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  1 of 176 TITLE  
Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing  
COMMENCEMEN T 
This consolidated  import health standard  comes into force on  26 October 2022 . 
This import health standard amends the import health standard Seeds for Sowing (155.02.05) , which came 
into force on 15 February  2021 and consolidates all amendments made up to the commencement of this 
standard.  
The amendment history to this import health standard is set out in Appendix 2.  
ISSUING AUTHORITY  
This import health standard  is issued  under section 24A of the Biosecurity Act 1993  and incorporates 
amendments made in accordance with section 24B(1)(a) of that Act.  
 
 
 
Dated at Wellington, 26 October 2022  
 
 
 
Manager Plant Health , Animal & Plant Health   
Ministry for Primary Industries  
(acting under delegated authority of the Director -General)  
 
Contact for further information  
Plant Imports  
Animal and Plant Health Directorate  
Ministry for Primary Industries (MPI)  
Plant Imports  
PO Box 2526  
Wellington 6140  
Email: plantimports@mpi.govt.nz  
 Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing   Final  26 October 2022  
Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  2 of 176 Contents  Page 
Introduction  5 
Part 1:  General Requirements  7 
1.1 Application  7 
1.2 Incorporation of material by reference  7 
1.3 Definitions  7 
1.4 Requirements for seed for sowing  7 
1.5 Documentation  9 
1.6 Post-entry quarantine  11 
1.7 Seed for sowing of New Zealand origin  11 
1.8 Seed for sowing imported as laboratory specimens  12 
1.9 Seed imported as pelleted seed  12 
Part 2:  Specific Requirements  16 
2.1 Abies  17 
2.2 Acer 18 
2.3 Acrocomia  19 
2.4 Actinidia  20 
2.5 Agropyron  23 
2.6 Agrostis  24 
2.7 Arabidopsis thaliana  25 
2.8 Arachis hypogaea  26 
2.9 Avena  27 
2.10  Beta  31 
2.11  Brassica napu s 32 
2.12  Camellia sinensis  33 
2.13  Camissonia  34 
2.14  Cannabis sativa  35 
2.15  Capsicum  38 
2.16  Carpinus  41 
2.17  Carthamus tinctorius  42 
2.18  Carya   43 
2.19  Castanea  45 
2.20  Cicer   46 
2.21  Citrus   47 
2.22  Cocos   48 
2.23  Coffea   49 
2.24  Coriandrum  50 
2.25  Corylus   51 
2.26  Corypha  52 
2.27  Cucumis  53 
2.28  Cucurbitaceae  56 
2.29  Cuminum  61 
2.30  Desmodium  62 
2.31  Echinochloa  63 
2.32  Elaeis   64 
2.33  Eriobotrya  65 Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing   Final  26 October 2022  
Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  3 of 176 2.34  Fagus   66 
2.35  Fragaria  67 
2.36  Glebionis  70 
2.37  Glycine   71 
2.38  Gossypium  73 
2.39  Helianthus  74 
2.40  Hordeum  76 
2.41  Humulus  80 
2.42  Juglans   81 
2.43  Lablab   82 
2.44  Lavandula  83 
2.45  Lens   84 
2.46  Linum usitatissimum  85 
2.47  Lithocarpus densiflorus  86 
2.48  Livistona  87 
2.49  Lophophora williamsii  88 
2.50  Lotus   89 
2.51  Macadamia  90 
2.52  Malus   91 
2.53  Mangifera  93 
2.54  Medicago  94 
2.55  Myrtaceae  95 
2.56  Nicotiana tabacum  96 
2.57  Oxyria   98 
2.58  Panicum  99 
2.59  Papaver som niferum  100 
2.60  Persea   101 
2.61  Petunia   102 
2.62  Phaseolus  104 
2.63  Phoenix  107 
2.64  Pinus   108 
2.65  Pisum   114 
2.66  Populus  117 
2.67  Prunus   118 
2.68  Pseudotsuga menziesii  120 
2.69  Psophocarpus  124 
2.70  Pyrus   125 
2.71  Quercus  127 
2.72  Raphanus sativus  129 
2.73  Ribes   130 
2.74  Rubus   133 
2.75  Sesamum  136 
2.76  Solanum  137 
2.77  Solanum l ycopersicum  139 
2.78  Solanum tuberosum  143 
2.79  Sorghum  144 
2.80  Stenotaphrum  145 
2.81  Trigonella foenum -graecum  146 
2.82  Triticum   147 
2.83  Ulmus   151 Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing   Final  26 October 2022  
Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  4 of 176 2.84  Vaccinium  152 
2.85  Vicia   155 
2.86  Vigna   157 
2.87  Vitis  158 
2.88  Zea  160 
Appendix 1: Definitions  168 
Appe ndix 2: Amendment Record  171 
Appendix 3: Declaration Form  175 
Appendix 4: Species on the Plants Biosecurity Index eligible for import into New Zealand as 
pelleted seeds for sowing  176 
 
 Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing   Final  26 October 2022  
Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  5 of 176 Introduction  
This introduction is not part of the import health standard (IHS), but is intended to indicate its general effect.  
Purpose  
This Standard specifies the requirements for the importation of seeds intended for sowing in New Zealand.  
Background  
The New Zealand Biosecurity Act 1993 provides the legal basis for excluding, eradicating and effectively 
managing pests and unwanted organisms.  
Each IHS issued under the Act specifies requirements to be met for the effective management of risks 
associated with imported goods that may pose a biosecurity threat to New Zealand. This IHS includes 
requirements that must be met in the exporting country, during transit and importation, and post clearance if 
specified before biosecurity clearance is given.  
Addition al information to the requirements is included in guidance text boxes.  
Who should read this import health standard?  
This IHS should be read by  anyone involved in the process of importing seed s for sowing into New Zealand 
from all countries and outlines t he import requirements that must be met.  
Importers of seed for laboratory testing, analysis or research (where biosecurity clearance is not required) 
should refer to either this Standard or the Standard  Research  samples (excluding animal samples)  
(RESEARCH.IHS ).  
Products containing viable seed that also contain organic growing media must also meet the requirements of 
the Standard  Fertilisers and Growing Media of Plant Origin  (IHS.FERTGRO ). 
Why is this importan t? 
It is the importers responsibility to ensure the requirements of this Standard are met. Consignments that do 
not comply with the requirements of this Standard may not be cleared for entry into New Zealand and further 
information may be sought from importers.  
Importers are liable for all associated expenses.  
Equivalence  
MPI may consider a pre -export application for an equivalent phytosanitary measure to be approved, different 
from that provided for in this Standard , if in the opinion of the Direct or-General, it is considered to be 
equivalent to the current measures taken for managing the risks associated with the importation of those 
goods.  
Equivalence will be considered with reference to the International Standard for Phytosanitary Measures 
ISPM  24. Guidelines for the determination and recognition of equivalence of phytosanitary measures .  
Document history  
Refer to Appendix 2 for the amendment record for this Standard . Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing   Final  26 October 2022  
Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  6 of 176 Other information  
This is not an exhaustive list of compliance requirements an d it is the importer ’s responsibility to be familiar 
with and comply with all New Zealand laws.  
Listed below are other New Zealand legislative requirements that may also apply to seeds for sowing.  
Importers of Cannabis sativa , Lophophora williamsii  and Papaver somniferum  must contact Medsafe before  
importation for advice on licensing:  
 
Medicines Control  
Medsafe  
Email: medicinescontrol@health.govt.nz   
Phone: (04) 816 2444  
 Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing   Final  26 October 2022  
Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  7 of 176 Part 1:  General R equirements   
1.1 Application  
(1) This import health standard  (IHS)  applies to viable seed, and products containing viable seed  
(including  pre-germinated seeds as defined in Appendix 1 ) from species that are listed in the MPI Plant 
Biosecurity Index,  that are imported for the purpose of planting.  
(2) This IHS does not apply to species  listed as “requires assessment” or “prohibited entry”  in the MPI 
Plant Biosecurity Index, which are not eligible to be imported under this standard .  
(3) This IHS applies to see d for sowing from any country, unless otherwise specified in Part 2: Specific 
Requirements.  
 
Guidance  
• A guide to importing seeds for sowing  can be found on the MPI website . 
 
1.2 Incorporation of material by reference  
(1) The following documents are incorporated by reference under section 142M of the Act;  
a) ISPM 1 . Phytosanitary principles fo r the protection of plants and the application of phytosanitary 
measures in international trade . Rome, IPPC, FAO ; 
b) ISPM 4 . Requirements for the establishment of pest free areas . Rome, IPPC, FAO ; 
c) ISPM 5 . Glossary of phytosanitary terms . Rome, IPPC, FAO ; 
d) ISPM 10 . Requirements for the establishment of pest free pl aces of production and pest free 
production sites . Rome, IPPC, FAO ; 
e) ISPM 12 . Guidelines for phytosanitary certificates . Rome, IPPC, FAO ;  
f) ISPM 20 . Guidelines for a phytosanitary import regulatory system . Rome, IPPC, FAO;  
g) ISPM 38 . International movement of seeds . Rome, IPPC, FAO  
h) MPI Official New Zealand Pest Register (ONZPR) ; 
i) MPI Standard MPI-ABTRT  Approved Biosecurity Treatments ; 
j) MPI Schedule of Regulated (Quarantine) Weed Seeds ; 
k) MPI Plants Biosecurity Index (PBI) ;  
l) MPI Protocol for Testing for the Presence of Genetically Modified Plant Material . Wellington, MPI.  
(2) Under section 142O(3) of the Act it is declared that section 142O(1) does not apply, that is, a notice  
under section 142O(2) of the Act is not required to be published before material that amends or 
replaces any material incorporated by reference has legal effect as part of those documents.    
1.3 Definitions  
(1) Definitions that apply to this IHS are listed in Appendix 1.  
1.4 Requirements for seed for sowing  
(1) On arrival  in New Zealand, seeds must be made available for inspection and examination by MPI 
inspectors at the importer’s expense.  
(2) Seed for sowing must meet the following requirements:  
a) all seed for sowing must be clearly identified with the scientific name (i.e. g enus and species);  
b) all hybrid species must be clearly identified as hybrid species, and either:  Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing   Final  26 October 2022  
Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  8 of 176 i) listed in the MPI Plant Biosecurity Index as hybrid species eligible to be imported; or  
ii) identified by the scientific names (genus and species) of both parents ; 
c) all packaging associated with seed for sowing must be clean, free from soil and other 
contaminants;  
d) all seed for sowing from fleshy fruits must have all traces of flesh removed  (including pods) , 
except:  
i) Orchidaceae seed (which may be imported in dry/green  pods); or  
ii) when otherwise stated in Part 2: Specific Requirements.  
e) seed for sowing must be free from the following:  
i) regulated pest(s) including any quarantine pest(s) as listed in Part 2: Specific 
Requirements;  
ii) soil particles greater than 0.1% by weight;  
iii) unidentified seed . 
(3) Quarantine weed seed contamination must not exceed the  MPL of 0.01%. To achieve 95% confidence 
that the MPL (of 0.01% probability) will not be exceeded, no quarantine weeds seeds are permitted (i.e 
acceptance = No.  = 0) in a sample(s) drawn and analysed by a MPI  – approved method (e.g. ISTA 
sampling methodology as approved by MPI).  
(4) All importers of seed for sowing must make a declaration  to identify whether they are importing 
pelleted seeds or not.  
 
Guidance  
• If undeclared seeds  are detected during inspection the seed consignment will be held until an 
assessment has been made and MPI determine s the biosecurity risk of the seeds.  
• The Maximum Pest Limit (MPL) for visually detectable regulated pests on seed for sowing is, at a 95% 
confidence level, not more than 0.5% of the units in the consignment are infested:  
− this equates to an acceptable level of zero units infested by regulated pests in a sample size of a 
minimum of 5  kg. 
• Each line of seed must undergo inspection to verify that  the seed and associated documentation is 
compliant with the requirements of this IHS.  
• An officially drawn 5 kilogram sample will be inspected for visually regulated pests from each line (or the 
whole line if less than 5  kg).  
• An officially drawn sample wi ll be inspected for contaminants from each line as per MPI current 
procedures.  
• Hybrids are eligible for import, provided that every species in the parentage is listed as eligible in the 
PBI  
• A declaration form to be completed by all importers of seeds for  sowing can be found on this link: 
Importer declaration for seed imports . 
1.4.1 Requirements for seed for sowing species listed in the MPI Plant Biosecurity Index  
(PBI) as "Basic”  
(1) Seed consignments must meet all the requirements of Part 1: General Requirements.  
 
Guidance  
• In order to facilitate processing, the importer may provide a phytosanitary certificate, which must meet 
the requirements set under Part 1.5.2 of this IHS.  Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing   Final  26 October 2022  
Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  9 of 176 1.4.2 Requirements for seed for sowing listed in the PBI with specific import requirements  
(1) Seed for Sowing under the import specification as "see 155.02.05 under… “ must meet all the 
requirements of Part 1: General Requirements and any specific requirements in Part 2: Specific  
Requirements.  
1.4.3 Treatment Requirements  
(1) Any approved phytosanitary treatment, as required in Part 2: Specific Requirements, must be 
completed either:  
a) offshore prior to export; or  
b) on arrival in New Zealand, at an MPI approved facility at the importer’s expense.  
(2) If performed offshore, the export ing country NPPO must confirm that any treatment(s) as required in 
Part 2: Specific Requirements is endorsed in the disinfestation and/or disinfection treatment section of 
the phytosanitary certificate.  
1.5 Documentation  
1.5.1 Permit to Import  
(1) A permit to import is required if specified in Part 2: Specific Requirements.  
(2) Any permit, as required in Part 2 or Part 1.8, must be presented to MPI at the New Zealand Border 
together with all other required documentation.  
1.5.2 Phytosanitary certificate  
(1) A phytosanitary certificate is required if specified in Part 2: Specific Requirements.  
(2) For consignments arriving with a phytosanitary certificate, the phytosanitary certificate must be issued 
by the exporting country National Plant Protection Organisation (NP PO) in accordance with ISPM 12 . 
Phytosanitary certificates .  
(3) The phytosanitary certificate must include any additional declaration(s) required under Part 2: Specific 
Requirements.  
(4) The phytosanitary certificate must certify that the seed has been inspected  in accordance with 
appropriate official procedures and found to be free of any visually detectable regulated pests and 
conforms to New Zealand’s import requirements.  
(5) If pests are detected that are not listed in this IHS or ONZPR , the exporting country NPPO must 
establish their regulatory status by contacting MPI prior to issuing the certificate.  
(6) The exporting country NPPO must not issue a phytosanitary certificate if a viable regulated pest is  
detected, unless the consignment is treated in order to eliminate it.  
(7) If the exporting NPPO is satisfied that the pre -shipment inspection activities have been carried out 
effectively the following declaration, or a variation that is compliant with ISPM 12 . Phytosanitary 
certificates and has been approved by MPI prior to shipment must be included on the phytosanitary 
certificate:  
“This is to certify that the plants, plant products or other regulated articles described herein have been 
inspected and/or tested according to appropriate official procedures and are considered to be free from 
the quarantine pests specified by the importing contracting party and to conform with the current 
phytosanitary requirements of the importing contracting party, i ncluding those for regulated non -
quarantine pests.”  
 Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing   Final  26 October 2022  
Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  10 of 176 Guidance  
Phytosanitary certificate  
• Information about the regulated pests for New Zealand is available in ONZPR .  
• The phytosanitary certificate should contain sufficient detail to enable identification of the consignment 
and its component parts. Information should include:  
− lot number(s);  
− number and description of packages;  
− country/place of origin of the seed; and  
− variety name(s).  
 
Seed analysis certificate (SAC)  
• In order to facilitate processing, the importer may provide a SAC (original or PDF copy), which must 
meet the following criteria:  
− be issued by an ISTA or AOSA accredited seed testing station, or an accredited labor atory that 
follows the ISTA or AOSA methodology;  
− state the actual weight of the sample examined;  
− state the seed lot number and aligns with traceability information on the phytosanitary certificate 
(for seeds where phytosanitary certificate is presented);  
− be endorsed that the minimum size of the sample examined was as prescribed for the 
determination of other species by number in ISTA (as published in Seed Science and 
Technology 24, 1996);  
− state the botanical name of each identified species of seed or nem atode gall found in the sample 
(any unidentified genera or species are to be recorded as such);  
− give the percentage of soil particles present in the sample;  
− certify that no quarantine weed seeds  were present in the sample.  
1.5.3 Genetically modified testing certificate  
(1) Genetically modified (GM) testing certificates are required for all consignments of Brassica napus var. 
oleifera , Glycine max, Gossypium hirsutum,  Medicago sativa, Zea mays var. indentata and Zea mays 
var. saccharata, unless stated in the MPI Protocol for Testing for the Presence of Genetically Modified 
Plant Material . 
(2) A GM testing certificate is required for Cucurbita pepo  (see Cucurbitaceae ), Petunia  and Linum 
usitatissimum  unless a non -GM declaration is provided.  
(3) GM testing certificates must:  
a) state the sampling method used for each seed line (e.g. automatic in -line machine);  
b) contain the same lot number or unique ide ntifier as stated on all the other import documentation 
for consignments arriving in New Zealand . 
(4) Testing must be conducted by facilities approved by MPI and a copy of the completed test certificate 
must accompany the consignment imported into New Zealand.   
(5) Importers must provide all test records when required by an MPI inspector.  
 
Guidance  
• A non -GM declaration template is provided in Appendix 3 . Refer to specific requirements for each 
species in Part 2. _Appendix_3:_Declaration  
• Complete guidelines for sampling and testing for the presence of GM seeds are specified in the MPI 
Protocol for Testing for the Presence of Genetically Modified Plant Material . The MPI Protocol for 
Testing for the Presence of Genetically Modified Plant Material  and a list of MPI approved facilities for 
testing for genetically modified pla nt material can be found on MPI website under Genetically modified 
seeds . Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing   Final  26 October 2022  
Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  11 of 176 • MPI will examine the test certificates on arrival to confirm that they reconcile with the actual seed for 
sowing.  
• If consignments arrive at the border without having been tested for the presence of GM seeds, MPI will 
offer the importer the options of re -shipment, destruction, or having the consignment sampled and 
tested accor ding to the MPI Protocol for Testing for the Presence of Genetically Modified Plant Material  
at the importer’s expense.  
• Any consignment that is found to contain unapproved GM seeds will not be permitted to enter 
New Zealand and will be re -shipped or destro yed, unless the importer obtains an approval to grow the 
GM variety from the Environmental Protection Authority (EPA).  
• All test results must be available to MPI on request.  
1.6 Post -entry quarantine  
(1) Seed for sowing must be imported into a post entry quarantine (PEQ) facility if required by Part 2: 
Specific Requirements.  
(2) The transitional (PEQ) facility must be approved to the MPI Facility Standard: Post Entry Quarantine 
for Plants  (MPI.STD.PEQ).  
(3) Seed for sowing must be actively growing during the quara ntine period, and must be tested, treated or 
inspected for regulated pests at the importer’s expense.  
(4) Testing must be undertaken by a diagnostic laboratory approved by MPI to 155.04.03: Standard for 
Transitional Facilities for the Identification of Organisms . 
1.6.1 Testing  
(1) The unit for testing is defined as an individual seedling and each seedling must be labelled individually 
and test ed separately, unless one of the following methods has been used:  
a) Polymerase chain reaction:  
i) samples taken from up to five seedlings of the same species growing in PEQ can be 
combined to form a single composite sample for pre -determined testing by polymer ase 
chain reaction (PCR).  
b) Enzyme -linked immunosorbent assay:  
i) for viruses that are not pollen transmitted, samples taken from up to five seedlings can be 
combined to form a single composite sample for enzyme -linked immunosorbent assay 
(ELISA) testing;  
ii) the phytosanitary certificate must be endorsed with an additional declaration (AD) stating 
that the seeds have been derived from the same parent plant.  
c) Graft (woody) indexing:  
i) where prior permission is received from MPI, samples taken from up to five seedlings  can 
be combined to form a single composite sample for testing by graft indexing;  
ii) the phytosanitary certificate must be endorsed with an AD stating that the seeds have 
been derived from the same parent plant.  
1.7 Seed for sowing of New Zealand origin  
(1) Importers must make the seeds and its documentation available for inspection by an MPI inspector.  
(2) Seed for sowing exported from New Zealand, given clearance into the importing country or rejected 
prior to clearance, may be returned to New Zealand under on e of the following circumstances:  Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing   Final  26 October 2022  
Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  12 of 176 1.7.1  Seed for sowing unopened offshore:  
(1) Product that remains in its original and unopened packaging must be accompanied with a re -export 
phytosanitary certificate issued by the NPPO of the overseas country.  
1.7.2  Seed for sowing op ened offshore:  
(1) Seed that has been grown in New Zealand, exported to another country, packaged in that same 
country and returned to New Zealand, must be accompanied with:  
a) the original or a copy of the New Zealand issued phytosanitary certificate,  
b) an export  bill of lading; and  
c) a declaration from the overseas packaging company manager; stating that:  
i) the re -exported seed is the same seed as covered by the attached phytosanitary certificate 
and bill of lading; and  
ii) the quality system used by the company ensures that the seed is not contaminated by any 
other seed lots, residues from grading or packaging machines, or storage pests.  
 
Guidance  
• Inspection is required by an MPI inspector to confirm that packaging and labelling is consistent with the 
documentation provided.  
• Seeds of New Zealand origin with a basic import specification can be imported if it mee ts the 
requirements in Section 1.4 – Requirements for seed for sowing of this standard  
1.8 Seed for sowing imported as laboratory specimens  
Guidance  
• Import requirements for research samples can be found in the Research Samples (excluding animal 
samples)  import health standard.  
1.9 Seed imported as pelleted seed  
(1) Only species listed in Appendix 4  of IHS 155.02.05: Seeds for sowing  may be imported into New 
Zealand as pelleted seeds for sowing from all countries.  
(2) Pelleted seed lots of the following species must have a representative sample officially drawn and 
sealed (according to ISTA methodology) from each lot and tested for purity at an MPI -approved 
laboratory for the presence of quarantine weed seeds and other contaminants.  
a) Beta vulgaris  
b) Allium cepa  
c) Allium porrum  
d) Allium ampeloprasum  
e) Apium graveolens  
f) Brassica napus  
g) Brassica oleracea  
h) Cichorium inty bus 
i) Cichorium endivia  
j) Daucus carota  
k) Foeniculum vulgare  
l) Pastinaca sativa  
m) Spinacia oleracea  Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing   Final  26 October 2022  
Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  13 of 176 (3) The representative seed sample of species listed in Part 1.9(2) must comply with the applicable 
requirements in Parts 1.9(9) to 1.9(11) of this IHS.  
(4) Pelleted seed lots of Solanum lycopersicum  species imported for the purpose of rootstock are not 
required to undergo onshore purity testing.  
(5) If requested by an MPI inspector, pelleted seed lots of all other species listed in Appendix 4 must have 
a represen tative sample officially drawn and sealed (according to ISTA methodology) from each lot 
and tested for purity at an MPI -approved laboratory for the presence of quarantine weed seeds and 
other contaminants.  
(6) If a pelleted seed lot of Lactuca sativa is reque sted by the MPI inspector to have a representative 
sample officially drawn and sealed (according to ISTA methodology) and tested for purity at an MPI -
approved laboratory for the presence of quarantine weed seeds and other contaminants, the 
representative s ample must comply with the applicable requirements of Part 1.9(12) of this IHS.  
(7) All imported pelleted seed lots that are required to be tested for purity onshore must be held in an MPI -
approved transitional facility pending the return of the laboratory res ults.  
(8) All importers of Beta vulgaris  (fodder beet) must make a declaration  that the Beta vulgaris  seed in their 
consi gnments is not one of the specific seed lots of the following varieties of Beta vulgaris  var rapacea : 
Kyros 16UB128, Bangor 16UB126, Bangor 15UB079, Bangor 16UB114, Feldherr 16UB131 or Troya 
16UB112.  
Beta vulgaris seed grown in all countries except Italy  
(9) The representative sample for pelleted Beta vulgaris  seed grown in all countries except Italy must 
comply with either option 1 or option 2:  
a) Option 1:  A ‘bare’ seed sample of at least 31,540 seeds accompanying the pelleted seed lot, 
which includes an official label issued by the ISTA -accredited seed laboratory stating  the 
information below will be sent for seed analysis at an MPI  approved laboratory at the importers 
expense : 
i) that the seeds have been sampled, labelled and sealed according to ISTA rules;  
ii) the same lot/line number or unique identifier as stated on the pelleted seed lot;  
iii) the species and variety name;  
iv) the sample weight, and  
v) the date, name and signature of the ISTA accredited/approved sampler.  
b) Option 2:  For individual lots of pelleted seed n ot accompanied by a bare seed sample, a 
representative sample of at least 31,540 pelleted seeds  will be drawn according to ISTA 
methodology and sent for seed analysis at an MPI  approved laboratory at the importers expense.  
Beta vulgaris seed grown in Italy  
(10) The representative sample of pelleted Beta vulgaris  seed grown in Italy must comply with either option 
1 or option 2.  
a) Option 1:  A ‘bare’ seed sample of at least 48,480  seeds accompanying the pelleted seed lot, 
which includes an official label issued by th e ISTA -accredited seed laboratory stating  the 
information below will be sent for seed analysis at an MPI  approved laboratory at the importers 
expense:  
i) that the seeds have been sampled, labelled and sealed according to ISTA rules;  
ii) the same lot/line number o r unique identifier as stated on the pelleted seed lot;  
iii) the species and variety name;  
iv) the sample weight, and  
v) the date, name and signature of the ISTA accredited/approved sampler.  Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing   Final  26 October 2022  
Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  14 of 176 b) Option 2:  For individual lots of pelleted seed not accompanied by a bare seed sample, a 
representative sample of at least 48,480  pelleted seeds  will be drawn according to ISTA 
methodology and sent for seed analysis at an MPI  approved laboratory at the importers expense.  
Vegetable species grown in all countries (Allium cepa, Allium porrum, Allium ampeloprasum, Apium 
graveolens, Brassica napus, Brassica oleracea, Cichorium intybus, Cichorium endivia, Daucus carota, 
Foeniculum v ulgare, Pastinaca sativa and Spinacia oleracea)  
(11) The representative sample of pelleted vegetable species must comply with either option 1 or 2.  
a) Option 1:  A ‘bare’ seed sample of at least 31,540 seeds accompanying the pelleted seed lot, 
which includes an off icial label issued by the ISTA -accredited seed laboratory stating  the 
information below will be sent for seed analysis at an MPI  approved laboratory at the importers 
expense:  
i) that the seeds have been sampled, labelled and sealed according to ISTA rules;  
ii) the same lot/line number or unique identifier as stated on the pelleted seed lot;  
iii) the species and variety name;  
iv) the sample weight, and  
v) the date, name and signature of the ISTA accredited/approved sampler.  
b) Option 2:  
i) For individual lots of pelleted seed of l ess than 300,000 seeds and not accompanied by a 
bare seed sample, a representative sample of at least 10% of the total size of each lot will 
be drawn according to ISTA methodology and sent for seed analysis at an MPI  approved 
laboratory at the importers ex pense.  
ii) For individual lots of pelleted seed of 300,000 pelleted seeds or greater, and not 
accompanied by a bare seed sample, a representative sample of at least 31,540 pelleted 
seeds will be drawn according to ISTA methodology and sent for seed analysis at  an MPI  
approved laboratory at the importers expense.  
Lettuce (Lactuca sativa)  
(12) The representative sample for pelleted lettuce seeds must comply with either option 1 or option 2. The 
options for representative samples are:  
a) Option 1: A ‘bare’ seed sample of  at least 31,540 seeds accompanying the pelleted seed lot, 
which includes an official label issued by the ISTA -accredited seed laboratory stating the 
information below will be sent for seed analysis at an MPI  approved laboratory at the importers 
expense:  
i) that the seeds have been sampled, labelled and sealed according to ISTA rules;  
ii) the same lot/line number or unique identifier as stated on the pelleted seed lot;  
iii) the species and variety name;  
iv) the sample weight, and  
v) the date, name and signature of the ISTA ac credited/approved sampler.  
b) Option 2:  For individual pelleted seed lots of lettuce that are not accompanied by a ‘bare’ seed 
sample, a representative sample will be officially drawn and sealed (according to ISTA 
methodology) and tested for purity at an MPI-approved laboratory for the presence of quarantine 
weed seeds and other contaminants.  
i) For individual lots of pelleted seed of less than 300,000 seeds and not accompanied by a 
bare seed sample, a representative sample of at least 10% of the total size of each lot will 
be drawn according to ISTA methodology and sent for seed analysis at an MPI  approved 
laboratory at the importers expense.  
ii) For individual lots of pelleted seed of 300,000 pelleted seeds or greater, and not 
accompanied by a bare seed sample,  a representative sample of at least 31,540 pelleted  Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing   Final  26 October 2022  
Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  15 of 176 seeds will be drawn according to ISTA methodology and sent for seed analysis at an MPI  
approved laboratory at the importers expense.  
 
Guidance  
• A declaration form to be completed by all importers of pelleted Beta vulgaris  seed for sowing can be 
found on this link: Importer declaration for all importers of pelleted Beta vulgaris seeds for sowing . 
• A risk analysis for importation as pelleted seed has been undertaken for the species listed in Appendix 4 
of this IHS. Importers who wish to import species that are not l isted in Appendix 4 as pelleted seed must 
contact MPI prior to import as further risk analysis may need to be undertaken for these species.  
• The requirements for pelleted seed relate to the country of origin of the seed.  
• Identification of a quarantine weed seed or a contaminant in a pelleted seed lot of species listed in 
Appendix 4 constitutes a non -conformance.  
• An MPI inspector may request a sample of a lot of pelleted Lactuca sativa seed to be taken for purity 
testing under Part 1.9(6) of this IHS to valid ate phytosanitary certification that accompanied the lot.  
− Normally, the sampling regime will be, per importer, per species imported, for sampling and purity 
testing of one in ten lots (1/10) (randomly).  
− If an importer demonstrates significant compliance in ten consecutive compliance checks, the 
inspector may only require sampling and purity testing of one in every twenty lots (1/20) 
(randomly). However, if there is a non -compliance, the frequency of sampling and testing may go 
back to one in ten (1/10) lo ts.  
− If there is a non -compliance when the MPI inspector requests sampling and purity testing at the 
frequency of one every ten lots, then MPI may require that the next ten lots shall be fully verified by 
purity testing.  
• For pelleted seed lots of flowering  plants and ornamental species listed in Appendix 4, MPI reserves the 
right to undertake validation audits to confirm that imported consignments are free from quarantine weed 
seeds. Audits may be conducted on a random basis and it will be conducted at an M PI approved facility 
at the expense of the importer.  
  
 Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing   Final  26 October 2022  
Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  16 of 176 Part 2:  Specific Requirements  
(1) This part sets out the specific phytosanitary requirements that must be met in addition to Part 1: 
General Requirements , for the following seeds:  
Abies  
Acer  
Acrocomia  
Actinidia  
Agropyron  
Agrostis  
Arabidopsis thaliana  
Arachis hypogaea  
Avena  
Beta 
Brassica napus  
Camellia sinensis  
Camissonia  
Cannabis sativa  
Capsicum  
Carpinus  
Carthamus tinctorius  
Carya  
Castanea  
Cicer  
Citrus  
Cocos  
Coffea  
Coriandrum  
Corylus  
Corypha  
Cucumis  
Cucurbitaceae  
Cuminum  
Desmodium  Echinochloa  
Elaeis  
Eriobotrya  
Fagus  
Fragaria  
Glebionis  
Glycine  
Gossypium  
Helianthus  
Hordeum  
Humulus  
Juglans  
Lablab  
Lavandula  
Lens  
Linum usitatissimum  
Lithocarpus densiflorus  
Livistona  
Lophophora williamsii  
Lotus  
Macadamia  
Malus  
Mangifera  
Medicago  
Myrtaceae  
Nicotiana tabacum  
Oxyria  
Panicum  
Papaver somniferum  
Persea  Petunia  
Phaseolus  
Phoenix  
Pinus  
Pisum  
Populus  
Prunus  
Pseudotsuga menziesii  
Psophocarpus  
Pyrus  
Quercus  
Raphanus sativus  
Ribes  
Rubus  
Sesamum  
Solanum  
Solanum lycopersicum  
Solanum tuberosum  
Sorghum  
Stenotaphrum  
Trigonella foenum -graecum  
Triticum  
Ulmus  
Vaccinium  
Vicia  
Vigna  
Vitis 
Zea 
 
  Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing   Final  26 October 2022  
Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  17 of 176 2.1 Abies   
The following requirements only apply to species in the Plant Biosecurity Index listed under Import 
Specifications for Seed for Sowing as “see 155.02.05 under Abies ”. 
Approved countries:  All 
Quarantine pests:  Verticillium albo -atrum  [strain]  
Import permit:  Not required  
PEQ : Not required  
Phytosanitary certificate:  Required  
2.1.1 Approved treatment  
(1) All Abies  seeds must be treated as per MPI Standard MPI-ABTRT  Approved Biosecurity Treatments . 
2.1.2 Phytosanitary certificate  
(1) The exporting country NPPO must confirm any treatment(s) as required by the IHS in the disinfestation 
and/or disinfection treatment section.  
(2) If satisfied that the pre -shipment activities have be en undertaken, the exporting country NPPO must 
confirm this by providing the certifying statement as per Part 1.5.2 of this import health standard.  
 
Guidance  
• Refer to Clause 1.11  of MPI Standar d MPI-ABTRT  Approved Biosecurity Treatments . 
 
  Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing   Final  26 October 2022  
Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  18 of 176 2.2 Acer  
The following requirements only apply to species in the Plant Biosecurity Index listed under Import 
Specifications for Seed for Sowing as “see 155.02.05 under Acer ”. 
Approved countries:  All 
Quarantine pests:  None  
Import permit:  Required  
PEQ : Not required  
Phytosanitary certificate:  Required  
2.2.1 Approved treatment  
(1) All Acer seeds must be treated as per MPI Standard MPI-ABTRT  Approved Biosecurity Treatments . 
2.2.2 Phytosanitary certificate  
(1) The expo rting country NPPO must confirm any treatment(s) as required by the IHS in the disinfestation 
and/or disinfection treatment section.  
(2) If satisfied that the pre -shipment activities have been undertaken, the exporting country NPPO must 
confirm this by provid ing the certifying statement as per Part 1.5.2 of this import health standard.  
 
Guidance  
• Refer to Clause 1.11  of MPI Standard MPI-ABTRT  Approved Biosecurity Treatments . 
 
  Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing   Final  26 October 2022  
Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  19 of 176 2.3 Acrocomia  
The following requirements only apply to species in the Plant Biosecurity Index listed under Import 
Specifications for Seed for Sowing as “see 155.02.05 under Acrocomia ”. 
Approved countries:  All countries except Guam, the Philippines and the Solomon Island s 
Quarantine pests:  Coconut cadang -cadang viroid  
Import permit:  Not required  
PEQ : Not required  
Approved treatment : Not required  
Phytosanitary certificate:  Required  
2.3.1 Phytosanitary certificate - Additional declarations  
(1) If satisfied that the pre -shipment activ ities have been undertaken, the exporting country NPPO must 
confirm this by providing the certifying statement as per Part 1.5.2 of this import health standard and 
also the following additional declaration(s)  to the phytosanitary certificate:  
a) “The Acrocom ia seeds have been produced in an approved country and have not been produced 
in Guam, the Philippines or the Solomon Islands”.  
 AND  
b) “The Acrocomia  seeds have been produced in a ‘pest free area’ free from Coconut cadang -
cadang viroid” . 
  Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing   Final  26 October 2022  
Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  20 of 176 2.4 Actinidia  
The following requirements only apply to species in the Plant Biosecurity Index listed under Import 
Specifications for Seed for Sowing as “see 155.02.05 under Actinidia ”. 
Approved countries:  All 
Quarantine pests : Apple stem grooving virus  [Actinidia  infecting strain]  
Import permit:  Required  
PEQ:  Level 3B  
Minimum PEQ period:  six months  
Approved treatment : Not required  
Phytosanitary certificate:  Required  
2.4.1 Phytosanitary certificate  
(1) If satisfied that the pre -shipment activities have been underta ken, the exporting country NPPO must 
confirm this by providing the certifying statement as per Part 1.5.2 of this import health standard.  
2.4.2 Testing requirements  
Organism  MPI acceptable detection methods  
Apple stem grooving virus  [Actinida  
infecting strain]*  ELISA (Bioreba or Loewa) or PCR (Clover et al., 2003) 
and herbaceous indicators Cq, Nb, Ng, No and Pv.  
(1) Indicator hosts: Chenopodium quinoa  (Cq), and Nicotiana benthamiana  (Nb), N. occidentalis  cv. 37B 
(No), N. glutinosa  (Ng) and Phaseo lus vulgaris  cv. Prince (Pv). At least two plants of each indicator 
species must be used in mechanical inoculation tests.  
(2) Indicator plants must be grown under appropriate temperatures and must be shaded for 12 -24 hrs prior 
to inoculation. Maintain post -inoculated indicator species under appropriate glasshouse conditions for 
at least 4 weeks. Inspect inoculated indicator plants at least twice per week for symptoms of virus 
infection.  
(3) Testing must be carried out on Actinidia plants while they are in active gr owth. For bioassay and 
ELISA, plants shall be sampled from at least two positions on every stem including a young, fully 
expanded leaflet at the top of the stem and an older leaflet from a midway position.  
(4) PCR and ELISA need to be validated using positive controls/reference material prior to use in 
quarantine testing.  
(5) Positive and negative controls must be used in ELISA tests.  
(6) For ELISA tests, the unit for testing is an individual seedling because of the presence of pollen 
transmitted viruses for which pre -determined testing is required (denoted by ‘*’ in the table above).  
(7) Positive and negative controls (including a blank water control) must be used in PCR.  
(8) Actinidia  plants in a PEQ facility must be inspected for signs of pest and disease at least twice per 
week during periods of active growth and once per week during dormancy.  
 Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing   Final  26 October 2022  
Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  21 of 176 Guidance  
• Positive internal controls and a negative plant control should be used to provide  confidence in 
testing results.  
• Internal controls in PCR tests are important to avoid the risk of false negatives.  
• Prospective importers who wish to import eligible species of seed under this IHS schedule 
should contact MPI at PlantImports@mpi.govt.nz  well in advance of their intended import to 
discuss their importation p lans and apply for an import permit. This is because MPI will need to 
undertake a risk assessment that could potentially lead to changes being made to import 
requirements and this could lead to longer timeframes for issuance of a permit . 
Reference  
• Clover, G R G; Pearson, M N; Elliott, D R; Tang, Z; Smales, T E; Alexander, B J R (2003) 
Characterization of a strain of Apple stem grooving virus in Actinidia chinensis  from China. Plant 
Pathology 52: 371 -378. 
 
  Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing   Final  26 October 2022  
Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  22 of 176 Pest list for Actinidia  REGULATED PESTS (actionable)  
 
Virus      
    
Capillovirus  Apple stem grooving virus [Actinidia infecting strain]  
 
  Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing   Final  26 October 2022  
Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  23 of 176 2.5 Agropyron  
The following requirements only apply to species in the Plant Biosecurity Index listed under Import 
Specifications for Seed for Sowing as “see 155.02.05 under Agropyron ”.  
Approved countries:  All 
Quarantine pests:  Tilletia controversa , other Ustilaginales,  Trogoderma  spp. 
Import permit:  Not required  
PEQ : Not required  
Phytosanitary certificate:  Required  
2.5.1 Approved Treatments  
(1) All Agropyron  seeds must be treated as per MPI Standard MPI-ABTRT  Approved Biosecurity 
Treatments . 
2.5.2 Phytosanitary certificate - Additional declarations  
(1) The exporting country NPPO must confirm any treatment(s) as required by the IHS in the disinfestation 
and/or disinfection treatment section.  
(2) If satisfied that the pre -shipment activities have been undertaken, the exporting country NPPO must 
confirm this by providing the certifying statement as per Part 1.5.2 of this import health standard an d 
also the following additional declaration(s)  to the phytosanitary certificate:  
a) “The Agropyron seeds have been:  
i) produced in a ‘pest free area’ free from Tilletia controversa ”; 
OR 
ii) “produced in a crop that has been inspected during the growing season accord ing to 
appropriate procedures and no Tilletia controversa  was detected”;  
OR 
iii) “had an representative sample of 600 seeds officially drawn in which no spores of Tilletia 
controversa  were found”.  
2.5.3 Testing requirements  
(1) Testing is required to be completed offsho re prior to export, or on arrival in New Zealand.  
(2) Pre-export testing for each seed lot must be endorsed by the NPPO on the phytosanitary certificate, or 
if tested on arrival in New Zealand, must be completed by an MPI -approved testing laboratory.  
 
Guidance  
• Refer to Clause 1.11  of MPI Standard MPI-ABTRT  Approved Biosecurity Treatments . 
  Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing   Final  26 October 2022  
Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  24 of 176 2.6 Agrostis  
The following requirements only apply to species in the Plant Biosecurity listed under Import Specifications for 
Seed for Sowing as “see 155.02.05 under Agrostis ”. 
Approved countries:  All 
Quarantine pests:  Trogoderma  spp., Ustilaginales  
Import permit:  Not Required  
PEQ : Not required  
Phytosanitary certificate:  Required  
2.6.1 Approved treatments   
(1) All Agrostis  seeds must be treated as per MPI Standard MPI-ABTRT  Approved Biosecurity 
Treatments . 
2.6.2 Phytosanita ry certificate  
(1) The exporting country NPPO must confirm any treatment(s) as required by the IHS in the disinfestation 
and/or disinfection treatment section.  
(2) If satisfied that the pre -shipment activities have been undertaken, the exporting country NPPO must 
confirm this by providing the certifying statement as per Part 1.5.2 of this import health standard.  
 
Guidance  
• Refer to Clause 1.11  of MPI Standard MPI-ABTRT  Approved Biosecurity Treatments . 
 
  Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing   Final  26 October 2022  
Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  25 of 176 2.7 Arabidopsis thaliana  
The following requirements only apply to species in the Plant Biosecurity Index listed under Import 
Specifications  for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Arabidopsis thaliana ”. 
Approved countries:  All 
Quarantine pests:  None  
Import permit:  See below  
PEQ : Not required  
Approved treatment : Not required  
Phytosanitary certificate:  Not required  
2.7.1 GM seed  
(1) A permit to import is requ ired.  
(2) All GM seed must also be imported in accordance with a HSNO approval.  
2.7.2 Non-GM seed  
(1) A declaration signed by the exporter and importer must accompany the consignment declaring that the 
consignment does not contain GM seeds.  
(2) The declaration form is provided in Appendix 3.  
 Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing   Final  26 October 2022  
Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  26 of 176 2.8 Arachis hypogaea  
The following requirements only apply to species in the Plant s Biosecurity Index listed under import 
specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Arachis hypogaea ”. 
Approved countries:  All. 
Quarantine pests:  Ralstonia pseudosolanacearum  
Import permit:  Not required  
PEQ: Not required  
Phytosanitary certificate:  Required  
2.8.1 Phytosanitary certificate - Additional declarations  
(1) The exporting country NPPO must confirm any treatment(s) as required by the IHS in the disinfe station 
and/or disinfection treatment section.  
(2) If satisfied that the pre -shipment activities have been undertaken, the exporting country NPPO must 
confirm this by providing the certifying statement as per Part 1.5.2 of this import health standard and 
also the following additional declaration(s) to the phytosanitary certificate:  
a) The Arachis hypogaea  seeds have been:  
i) produced in a pest free area free from Ralstonia pseudosolanacearum  
OR 
ii) produced in a pest free place of production free from  Ralstonia pseudosol anacearum  
OR 
iii) officially tested, on a representative sample of a minimum of 400 seeds, officially drawn 
according to ISTA or AOSA sampling methodology, using an NPPO -approved testing 
method, and found free from Ralstonia pseudosolanacearum  
2.8.2 Testing requireme nts 
(1) Testing is required to be completed offshore prior to export, or on arrival in New Zealand.  
(2) Pre-export testing for each seed lot must be endorsed by the NPPO on the phytosanitary certificate, or 
if tested on arrival in New Zealand, must be completed by an MPI -approved testing laboratory.  
(3) Testing on -shore will be performed using an MPI -approved testing method.  
 
  Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing   Final  26 October 2022  
Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  27 of 176 2.9 Avena  
The following requirements only apply to species in the Plant Biosecurity Index listed under import 
specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Avena ”. 
Approved countries:  Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, 
Germany, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, The Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, 
Switzerland, United Kingdom and United States of America.  
Quarantine pests:  Refer to pest list for Avena  
Import permit:  Not required  
PEQ: Not required  
Phytosanitary certificate:  Required  
2.9.1 Approved treatments  
(1) In lieu of pest free area for Cephalosporium gramineum  the Avena  seeds must be treated as per MPI 
Standard MPI-ABTRT  Approved Biosecurity T reatments . 
2.9.2 Phytosanitary certificate - Additional declarations  
(1) The exporting country NPPO must confirm any treatment(s) as required by the IHS in the disinfestation 
and/or disinfection treatment section.  
(2) If satisfied that the pre -shipment activities have b een undertaken, the exporting country NPPO must 
confirm this by providing the certifying statement as per Part 1.5.2 of this import health standard and 
also the following additional declaration(s)  to the phytosanitary certificate:  
a) “The Avena  seeds have bee n: 
i) produced in a ‘pest free area’ free from Xanthomonas campestris  pv. undulosa and High 
plains virus;   
  OR 
ii) produced in a ‘pest free place of production’ free from Xanthomonas campestris  pv. 
undulosa  and High plains virus” . 
 AND  
b) “The Avena  seeds have been:  
i) produced in a ‘pest free area’ free from Anguina tritici”;   
  OR 
ii) “produced in a ‘pest free place of production’ free from Anguina tritici’;  
  OR 
iii) “inspected microscopically in accordance with official procedures and Anguina tritici  was 
not detected”.  
 AND  
c) “The Avena  seeds have been:  
i) produced in a ‘pest free area’ free from Cephalosporium gramineum”;  
  OR 
ii) “treated with a fungicide combination in MPI approved treatments”.  
 Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing   Final  26 October 2022  
Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  28 of 176 Guidance  
• Refer to Clause 1.11  of MPI Standard MPI-ABTRT  Approved Biosecurity Treatments . 
  Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing   Final  26 October 2022  
Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  29 of 176 Pest list for Avena  REGULATED PESTS (actionable)  
 
Insect      
 Insecta   
  Blattodea   
   Blattidae   
    Blatta orientalis  oriental cockroach  
  Coleoptera   
   Bostrichidae   
    Prostephanus truncatus               larger grain borer  
   Cryptophagidae   
    Cryptophagus schmidti   
   Cucujidae   
    Cathartus quadricollis  squarenecked grain beetle  
   Curculionidae   
    Caulophilus oryzae  broadnosed  grain weevil  
   Dermestidae   
    Trogoderma granarium  khapra beetle  
    Trogoderma inclusum  trogoderma beetle  
    Trogoderma ornatum  trogoderma beetle  
    Trogoderma simplex  dermestid beetle  
    Trogoderma sternale  dermestid beetle  
    Trogoderma variabile  warehouse beetle  
   Mycetophagidae   
    Mycetophagus quadriguttatus  spotted hairy fungus beetle  
   Nitidulidae   
    Carpophilus obsoletus  dried fruit beetle  
   Ptinidae   
    Gibbium psylloides  shiny spider beetle  
    Mezium americanum  american spider beetle  
    Niptus hololeucus  golden spider beetle  
    Pseudoeurostus hilleri  spider beetle  
    Ptinus clavipes  brown spider beetle  
    Ptinus fur  whitemarked spider beetle  
    Ptinus villiger  hairy spider beetle  
    Tipnus unicolor  spider beetle  
    Trigonogenius globulus   
   Tenebrionidae   
    Alphitobius laevigatus  black fungus beetle  
    Alphitophagus bifasciatus  two-banded fungus beetle  
    Blaps mucronata  cellar beetle  
    Gnatocerus maxillosus  slenderhorned flour beetle  
    Latheticus oryzae  longheaded flour beetle  
    Palorus ratzeburgi  smalleyed flour beetle  Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing   Final  26 October 2022  
Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  30 of 176     Palorus subdepressus  depressed flour beetle  
    Tribolium audax  american black flour beetle  
    Tribolium destructor  dark flour beetle  
   Trogossitidae   
    Lophocateres pusillus  siamese grain beetle  
  Hemiptera   
   Lygaeidae   
    Elasmolomus sordidus  seed bugs  
  Lepidoptera   
   Cosmopterigidae   
    Pyroderces rileyi  pink scavenger caterpillar  
   Oecophoridae   
    Anchonoma xeraula  grain moth  
   Pyralidae   
    Corcyra cephalonica  rice moth  
    Ephestia figulilella  raisin moth  
    Paralipsa gularis  stored nut moth  
   Tineidae   
    Nemapogon variatella  corn moth  
Mite     
 Arachnida    
  Acarina   
   Eriophyidae   
    Aceria tosichella  wheat curl mite  
    Aceria tulipae [vector]  wheat curl mite  
   Siteroptidae   
    Siteroptes cerealium  asparagus spider mite  
   Tarsonemidae   
    Steneotarsonemus spirifex  oat spiral mite  
Nematode     
 Secernentea   
  Tylenchida   
   Anguinidae   
    Anguina tritici [vector]  seed gall nematode  
Fungus      
 Hyphomycetales   
  Moniliaceae   
    Cephalosporium gramineum   
Bacterium     
   Pseudomonadaceae   
    Xanthomonas campestris pv. 
undulosa  leaf streak  
Virus      
  High plains virus   Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing   Final  26 October 2022  
Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  31 of 176 2.10 Beta  
The following requirements only apply to species in the Plant Biosecurity Index listed under Import 
Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Beta”. 
Approved countries:  All 
Quarantine pests:  Clavibacter michiganensis  subsp. sepedonicus . 
Import permit : Not required  
PEQ : Not required  
Approved treatment : Not required  
Phytosanitary certificate:  Required  
2.10.1  Phytosanitary certificate - Additional Declaration  
(1) If satisfied that the pre -shipment activities have been undertaken, the exporting country NPPO must 
confirm this by providing the certifying statement as per Part 1.5.2 of this import health standard and 
also the following additional declaration(s)  to the phytosanitary certificate:  
a) “The Beta seeds have been:  
i) produced in a ‘pest free area’ free from Clavibacter michiganensis  subsp. sepedonicus;  
  OR 
ii) Clavibacter michiganensis  subsp. sepedonicus  was not detected in a representative 
sample of 3200 seeds drawn from this consignment.  
2.10.2  Testing requirements  
(1) Testing is required to be completed offshore prior to export, or on arrival in New Zealand.  
(2) Pre-export testing for each seed lot must be endorse d by the NPPO on the phytosanitary certificate, or 
if tested on arrival in New Zealand, must be completed by an MPI -approved testing laboratory.  
 
  Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing   Final  26 October 2022  
Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  32 of 176 2.11 Brassica napus  
These requirements only apply to species in the Plant Biosecurity Index listed under Import Specifications for 
Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Brassica napus ”. 
Approved countries:  All 
Quarantine pests:  None  
Import Permit:  Permit not required, unless seeds are to be grown in PEQ.  
PEQ : Not required, unless imported under options 2.2.2 or 2.2.3 of the  MPI Protocol  for Testing for the 
Presence of Genetically Modified Plant Material.  
Approved treatment : Not required  
Phytosanitary certificate:  Required  
2.11.1   Phytosanitary certificate  
(1) If satisfied that the pre -shipment activities have been undertaken, the exporting country NPPO must 
confirm this by providing the certifying statement as per Pa rt 1.5.2 of this import health standard.  
2.11.2   GM seed testing  
(1) In addition to the phytosanitary requirements above, all consignments of Brassica napus  var. oleifera  
(oilseed rape) are required to be representatively sampled, tested, and found to be free of un approved 
GM seed according to the MPI Protocol for Testing for the Presence of Genetically Modified Plant 
Material (refer to Part 1.5.3 Genetically modified testing certificate  in this IHS).  
(2) The full scientific name of the Brassica napus sub-species or variety, plus the appropriate common 
name, must be specified on the phytosanitary certificate, e.g. Brassica napus var. biennis (forage rape) 
or Brassica napus var. oleifera (oilseed rape).  
(3) Importers of consignments of Brassica napus that a re not identified appropriately will be offered the 
options of re -shipment, destruction or testing for the presence of unapproved GM seeds.  
 
Guidance  
• Validation of Brassica napus  varieties - MPI reserves the right to undertake validation audits to confirm 
that the variety matches that which is stated on the phytosanitary certificate. Audits may be conducted 
on a random basis and if required, grow out testing of samples will be conducted at an MPI accredited 
facility at the expense of the importer.  
• The MPI Protocol for Testing for the Presence of Genetically Modified Plant Material can be found at 
https ://www.mpi.govt.nz/document -vault/10250  
• More information on genetically modified seeds can also  be found at 
https://www.mpi.govt.nz/importing/plants/seeds -for-sowing/genetically -modified -seeds/  
 
  Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing   Final  26 October 2022  
Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  33 of 176 2.12 Camellia sinensis  
The following requirements onl y apply to species in the Plant Biosecurity Index listed under Import 
Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Camellia sinensis ”. 
Approved countries: All 
Quarantine pests:  Exobasidium vexans, Phloem necrosis  
Import permit: Required  
PEQ:  Level 1  
Minimum PEQ period: 1 growing season  
Isolation: 50m exclusion area  
Phytosanitary certificate:  Required  
2.12.1  Approved treatments  
(1) All Camellia sinensis  seeds must be treated as per MPI Standard MPI-ABTRT  Approved Biosecurity 
Treatments . 
2.12.2   Phytosanitary certificate - Additional declaration  
(1) The exporting country NPPO must confirm any treatment(s) as required by the IHS in the d isinfestation 
and/or disinfection treatment section.  
(2) If satisfied that the pre -shipment activities have been undertaken, the exporting country NPPO must 
confirm this by providing the certifying statement as per Part 1.5.2 of this import health standard and  
also the following additional declaration(s) to the phytosanitary certificate:  
a) “The Camellia sinensis  seeds have been produced in a ‘pest free area’ free from Exobasidium 
vexans  and Phloem necrosis” .  
 
Guidance  
• Refer to Clause 1.11  of MPI Standard MPI-ABTRT  Approved Biosecurity Treatments . 
  Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing   Final  26 October 2022  
Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  34 of 176 2.13 Camissonia  
The following requirements only apply to species in the Plant Biosecurity Index listed under Import 
Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Camissonia ”. 
Approved countries:  All 
Quarantine pests : Peronospora arthurii  
Import permit: Not Required  
PEQ : Not required  
Phytosanitary certificate:  Required  
2.13.1  Approved treatments   
(1) All Camissonia  seeds must be treated as per MPI Standard MPI-ABTRT  Approved Biosecurity 
Treatments . 
2.13.2   Phytosanitary certific ate  
(1) The exporting country NPPO must confirm any treatment(s) as required by the IHS in the disinfestation 
and/or disinfection treatment section.  
(2) If satisfied that the pre -shipment activities have been undertaken, the exporting country NPPO must 
confirm this by providing the certifying statement as per Part 1.5.2 of this import health standard.  
 
Guidance  
• Refer to Clause 1.11  of MPI Standard MPI-ABTRT  Approved Biosecurity Treatments . 
  Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing   Final  26 October 2022  
Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  35 of 176 2.14 Cannabis sativa  
The following requirements only apply to species in the Plant Biosecurity Index listed under Import 
Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Cannabis sativa ”. 
Approved countries:  All 
Quarantine pests:  Refer to pest list for  Cannabis sativa  
Import permit: Not Required  
PEQ : Not required  
Phytosanitary certificate:  Required  
 
Guidance  
• Importers of  Cannabis sativa  must contact Medsafe before  importation for advice on licensing:  
Medicines Control  
Medsafe  
Email: medicinescontrol@health.govt.nz   
Phone: (04) 816 2444  
2.14.1   Approved treatments  
(1) In lieu of pest free area or pest free place of production for Pseudomonas syringae  pv. cannabina  and 
Xanthomonas campestris  pv. cannabis , the Cannabis sativa seeds must be treated using a hot water 
dip (for bacteria and parasitic weed) prior to shipment o r on arrival in New Zealand;  
a) hot water treatment must be conducted as per MPI Standard MPI-ABTRT  Approved Biosecurity 
Treatments .  
(2) In lieu of pest free area for Leptosphaeria  woroninii, Septori a cannabis  and Curvularia cymbopogonis ,  
the Cannabis sativa  seeds must be treated with fungicide as per MPI Standard MPI-ABTRT  Approved 
Biosecurity Treatments . 
2.14.2   Phytosanitary certificate - Additional declarations  
(1) The exporting country NPPO must confirm any treatment(s) as required by the IHS in the disinfestation 
and/or disinfection treatment section.  
(2) If satisfied that the pre -shipment activities have been undert aken, the exporting country NPPO must 
confirm this by providing the certifying statement as per Part 1.5.2 of this import health standard and 
also the following additional declaration(s) to the phytosanitary certificate:  
a) “The Cannabis sativa  seeds have bee n: 
i) produced in a ‘pest free area’ free from the named regulated bacteria ( Pseudomonas 
syringae  pv. cannabina  and Xanthomonas campestris  pv. cannabis )”;  
  OR 
ii) “produced in a ‘pest free place of production’ free from the named regulated bacteria 
(Pseudomonas  syringae  pv. cannabina  and Xanthomonas campestris  pv. cannabis )”; 
  OR 
iii) “treated with hot water treatment in MPI approved treatments”;  
 AND  
b) “The Cannabis sativa  seeds have been:  Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing   Final  26 October 2022  
Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  36 of 176 i) produced in a ‘pest free area’ free from the named regulated fungi ( Leptospha eria 
woroninii, Septoria cannabis  and Curvularia cymbopogonis )”; 
  OR 
ii) “treated with an approved fungicide combination in MPI approved treatments”.  
 
Guidance  
• The hot water treatment that would be carried out in New Zealand as an alternative to the same 
treatment prior to shipment, cannot be permitted as no MPI - approved facility is currently 
available in New Zealand.  
• Refer to Clause 1.11  of MPI Standard MPI-ABTRT  Approved Biosecurity Treatmen ts. 
 
References:  
• Hemp Diseases and Pests: Management and Biological Control. J. M. McPartland, R. C. Clarke 
and D. P. Watson 2000. CAB International.  
  Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing   Final  26 October 2022  
Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  37 of 176 Pest list for Cannabis  sativa  REGULATED PESTS (actionable)  
  
Insect    
  Pyrrhocoris apterus  fire bug 
  Episyrphus balteatus   
  Ischiodon scutellaris  syrphid fly  
  Metasyrphus latifasciatus  syrphid fly  
  Sphaerophoria scripta  hover fly  
  Syritta pipiens  hover fly  
Mite   
  Aculops cannabicola  hemp russett mite  
Fungus    
  Curvularia cymbopogonis   
  Leptosphaeria woroninii   
  Septoria cannabis  yellow leaf spot  
Bacterium    
  Pseudomonas syringae pv. cannabina   
  Xanthomonas campestris pv. cannabis   
Weed    
  Orobanche ramosa  branched broomrape  
  Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing   Final  26 October 2022  
Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  38 of 176 2.15 Capsicum  
The following requirements only apply to species in the Plant Biosecurity Index listed under Import 
Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Capsicum ”. 
Approved countries:  All countries  
Quarantine pests:  Pepper chat fruit viroid; Potato spindle tub er viroid, Tomato brown rugose fruit virus, 
Tomato mottle mosaic virus  
Import permit : Not required  
PEQ : Not required  
Approved treatment : Not required  
Phytosanitary certificate:  Required  
2.15.1   Phytosanitary certificate - Additional declaration  
(1) If satisfied that the pre -shipment activities have been undertaken, the exporting country NPPO must 
confirm this by providing the certifying statement as per Part 1.5.2 of this import health standard and 
also the following additional declaration(s) to the phytosanitary certificate:  
The [ Capsicum annuum; C. baccatum; C. cardenasii; C. chinense; C. eximium; C. frutescens; C. 
microcarpum; C. pendulum; C. pubescens ] seeds for sowing have been  
a) For Potato spindle tuber viroid  (PSTVd):  
i) produced in (country name) w here Potato spindle tuber viroid  is not known to occur.  
  OR 
ii) produced in a ‘pest free place of production’, where parent plants were tested according to 
a NPPO approved methodology and found free from Potato spindle tuber viroi d. 
  OR 
iii) officially tested, on a representative sample of a minimum of 3000 seeds officiall y drawn 
according to the ISTA or AOSA sampling methodology using an approved PCR NPPO 
testing method, and found to be free from Potato spindle tuber viroid . 
OR 
iv) For seed lots with less than 15,000 seeds : produced from parent plants that were 
officially samp led according to an NPPO -approved methodology during the active growing 
period and tested according to an NPPO -approved methodology and found free from 
Potato spindle tuber viroid . 
 AND  
b) For Pepper chat fruit viroid  (PCFVd):  
i) produced in a ‘pest free area’ free from Pepper chat fruit viroid . 
  OR 
ii) Pepper chat fruit viroid  (PCFVd)  is absent/not known to occur in ____________(name of 
country) . 
  OR 
iii) produced in a ‘pest free place of production’ free from Pepper chat fruit viroid . Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing   Final  26 October 2022  
Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  39 of 176   OR 
iv) officially tested, on a representative sample of a minimum of 3000 seeds officially drawn 
according to the ISTA or AOSA sampling methodology using an approved PCR NPPO 
testing method, and found to be free from Pepper chat fruit viroid . 
OR 
v) For seed lots wit h less than 15,000 seeds : produced from parent plants that were 
officially sampled according to an NPPO -approved methodology during the active growing 
period and tested according to an NPPO -approved methodology and found free from 
Pepper chat fruit  viroid.  
AND  
c) For Tomato brown rugose fruit virus (TBRFV):  
i) produced in ‘pest free area’, free from Tomato brown rugose fruit virus . 
OR 
ii) produced in a ‘pest free place of production’ free from Tomato brown rugose fruit virus . 
OR 
iii) officially tested, on a representative sample of a minimum of 3000 seeds officially drawn 
according to the ISTA or AOSA sampling methodology, using an NPPO -approved PCR 
testing method  and found free from Tomato brown rugose fruit virus . 
OR 
iv) For seed lots wi th less than 15,000 seeds : produced from parent plants that were 
officially sampled according to an NPPO -approved methodology during the active growing 
period and tested according to an NPPO -approved methodology and found free from 
Tomato brown rugose fruit virus . 
AND  
d) For Tomato mottle mosaic virus  (ToMMV):  
i) produced in a ‘pest free area’ free from Tomato mottle mosaic virus . 
  OR 
ii) produced in a ‘pest free place of production’ free from Tomato mottle mosaic virus . 
  OR 
iii) officially tested, on a repr esentative sample of a minimum of 3000 seeds officially drawn 
according to the ISTA or AOSA sampling methodology, using an NPPO -approved ELISA 
or NPPO -approved PCR testing method, and found free from Tomato mottle mosaic virus . 
OR 
iv) For seed lots with less t han 15,000 seeds : produced from parent plants that were 
officially sampled according to an NPPO -approved methodology during the active growing 
period and tested according to an NPPO -approved methodology and found free from 
Tomato mottle mosaic  virus.  
2.15.2  Testing requirements  
(1) Testing is required to be completed offshore prior to export, or on arrival in New Zealand.  
(2) Pre-export testing for each seed lot must be endorsed by the NPPO on the phytosanitary certificate, or 
if tested on arrival in New Zealand, mus t be completed by an MPI -approved testing laboratory.  
(3) Testing on -shore will be performed using an MPI -approved testing method.  Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing   Final  26 October 2022  
Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  40 of 176 (4) For seed lots of 15,000 or more seeds:  
a) A representative sample of a minimum of 3 ,000 seeds, officially drawn according to ISTA or 
AOSA methodology is required from each seed lot and tested as specified in the schedule . 
(5) For seed lots with less than 15,000 seeds:  
a) A composite sample of a minimum of 3 ,000 seeds must be officially drawn across all seed lots of 
the same seed specie s in a consignment, which must have been produced at the same place of 
production or production site.  
(6) In order to achieve a composite sample, proportionate sampling must be carried out across all lots 
imported. A sample of seeds must be drawn from each im ported lot within a consignment, adding up to 
3,000 seeds. The size of the sample from each lot must be proportionate to the size of the imported lot 
within the consignment.  
(7) All importers who test a composite sample on  arrival in New Zealand must make a declaration  to 
identif y the place of production or production site of the lots that form the composite sample.  
 
Guidance  
• The sample size from each lot to form the composite sample should be calculated  as follows:  
a) The proportion of each lot in the total consignment (seed number) is calculated using the 
equation:  
𝑃𝑟𝑜𝑝𝑜𝑟𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛  𝑜𝑓 𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙  𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑠𝑖𝑔𝑛𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡  𝑠𝑖𝑧𝑒 = 𝑁𝑜.  𝑜𝑓 𝑠𝑒𝑒𝑑𝑠  𝑖𝑛 𝑒𝑎𝑐ℎ 𝑙𝑜𝑡
𝑇𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙  𝑛𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟  𝑜𝑓 𝑠𝑒𝑒𝑑𝑠  𝑖𝑛 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑠𝑖𝑔𝑛𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡  
b) Calculate the sample size for each lot (number of seeds) using a total composite sample size 
of 3,000 seeds:  
𝑆𝑎𝑚𝑝𝑙𝑒  𝑠𝑖𝑧𝑒  𝑜𝑓 𝑒𝑎𝑐ℎ 𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 = 3,000 seeds  × 𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑝𝑜𝑟𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛  𝑜𝑓 𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙  𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑠𝑖𝑔𝑛𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡  𝑠𝑖𝑧𝑒   
c) Take the sum of the sample size for each lot to check that the total composite sample for the 
consignment is at least 3 ,000 seeds.  
• The ISHI -Veg local lesion bioassay for Tomato brown rugose fruit virus  and Tomato mottle mosaic virus  
is not accepted as a valid test by MPI.  
• Additional declarations on phytosanitary certificates to meet the offshore testing requirements for 
Tomato brown rugose fruit virus  in import health standard 155.02.05: Seeds for Sowing  should be based 
only on a negative result obtained in an NPPO -approved PCR test and not on results from a bioassay.  
• Additional declarations on phytosanitary certificates to meet the offshore testing requirements for 
Tomato mottle mosaic virus  in import he alth standard 155.02.05: Seeds for Sowing should be based 
only on a negative result obtained in an NPPO -approved ELISA or NPPO -approved PCR test and not 
on results from a bioassay.  
• For measures involving testing of parent plants, the  measures must be appli ed for every parent plant 
(both the seed parent and the pollinator parent) used to produce the seed lot.  
 
  Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing   Final  26 October 2022  
Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  41 of 176 2.16 Carpinus  
The following requirements only apply to species in the Plant Biosecurity Index listed under Import 
Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Carpinus ”. 
Approved countries:  All 
Quarantine pests:  Cladosporium caryigenum  
Import permit:  Required  
PEQ : Not required  
Phytosanitary certificate:  Required  
2.16.1   Approved treatments  
(1) All Carpinus  seeds must be treated as per MPI Standard MPI-ABTRT  Approved Biosecurity 
Treatments . 
2.16.2   Phytosanitary certificate - Additional declaration  
(1) The exporting country NPPO must confirm any treatment(s) as required by the IHS in the disinfestation 
and/or disinfection treatment section.  
(2) If satisfied that the pre -shipment activities have been undertaken, the exporting country NPPO must 
confirm this by providing the certifying statement as per Part 1.5.2 of this import health standard and 
also the following additional declaration(s)  to the phytosanitary certificate:  
a) “The Carpinus seeds have been produced in an area where Cladosporium caryigenum  is not 
known to occur”.  
 
Guidance  
• Refer to Clause 1.11  of MPI Standard MPI-ABTRT  Approved Biosecurity Treatments . 
• Prospective importers who wish to import eligible species of seed under this IHS schedule should 
contact MPI at PlantImports@mpi.govt.nz  well in advance of their intended import to discuss their 
importation plans and apply for an import permit. This is because MPI will need to undertake a risk 
assessment that could potentially lead to changes being made to import requirements and this coul d 
lead to longer timeframes for issuance of a permit  
  Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing   Final  26 October 2022  
Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  42 of 176 2.17 Carthamus tinctorius  
The following requirements only apply to species in the Plant Biosecurity Index listed under Import 
Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Carthamus tinctorius ”. 
Approved countries:  All 
Quarantine pests:  Alternaria carthami, Cercospora carthami, T rogoderma  spp. 
Import permit: Not required  
PEQ : Not required  
Phytosanitary certificate:  Required  
2.17.1  Approved treatment  
(1) All Carthamus tinctorius  seeds for sowing must be treated as per MPI Standard MPI-ABTRT  Approved 
Biosecurity Treatments . 
2.17.2   Phytosanitary certificate  
(1) The exporting country NPPO must confirm any treatment(s) as required by the IHS in the disinfestation 
and/or disinfection treatment section.  
(2) If satisfied that the pre -shipment activitie s have been undertaken, the exporting country NPPO must 
confirm this by providing the certifying statement as per Part 1.5.2 of this import health standard.  
 
 Guidance  
• Refer to Clause 1.11  of MPI Standard MPI-ABTRT  Approved Biosecurity Treatments . 
  Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing   Final  26 October 2022  
Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  43 of 176 2.18 Carya  
The following requirements only apply to species in the Plant Biosecurity Index listed under Import 
Specifications for Seed as “se e 155.02.05 under Carya ”. 
Approved countries:  Australia, USA  
Quarantine pests : Cladosporium caryigenum,  Conotrachelus  spp., Curculio caryae , Cydia caryana , 
Trogoderma  spp., Xylella fastidiosa  
Import permit: Required only for seeds produced in a country not  recogni sed by MPI as free from Xylella 
fastidiosa  
PEQ : Level 2 – required only for seeds produced in a country not recogni sed by MPI as free from Xylella 
fastidiosa  
Minimum PEQ period : 6 months  
Phytosanitary certificate:  Required  
2.18.1  Approved Treatments  
(1) In lieu of pest free area for Conotrachelus  spp., Curculio caryae  or Cydia caryana  all Carya  seeds must 
be fumigated (in) as per MPI Standard MPI-ABTRT  Approved Biosecurity Treatments . 
(2) The Carya  seeds must be treated with fungicide as per MPI Standard MPI-ABTRT  Approved 
Biosecurity Treatments . 
2.18.2   Phytosanitary certificate - Additional declarations  
(1) The exporting country NPPO must confirm any treatment(s) as required by the IHS in the disinfestation 
and/or disinfection treatment section.  
(2) If satisfied that the pre -shipment activities have been under taken, the exporting country NPPO must 
confirm this by providing the certifying statement as per Part 1.5.2 of this import health standard and 
also the following additional declaration(s)  to the phytosanitary certificate:  
a) “The Carya seed or nuts have been:  
i) produced in an area where they are not known to be attacked by Conotrachelus  spp., 
Curculio caryae  or Cydia caryana;   
OR 
ii) fumigated with methyl bromide at ______ pressure for ____ hours at _____ g/m³ at a 
temperature of _____C”;  
iii) the pressure/time/rate  temperature combination used is to be in accordance with the scale 
in MPI Standard MPI-ABTRT  Approved Biosecurity Treatments . 
AND  
b) “The Carya seeds or nuts have been produced in an area where Cladosporium caryigenum  is not 
known to occur”.  
AND  
c) For seeds produced in a country recogni sed by MPI as free from Xylella fastidiosa  
i) The seeds in this consignment have been grown in, and exported from, the country of 
origin [ insert country name ], which is  free from Xylella fastidiosa . 
OR Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing   Final  26 October 2022  
Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  44 of 176 d) For seeds produced in a country not recogni sed by MPI as free from Xylella fastidiosa  
i) The seeds in this consignment have been grown in, and exported from, a pest free area 
[insert area name ] or pest free place of production [ insert place name ], which is free from 
Xylella fastidiosa . 
2.18.3   Inspection and testing requirements for seeds produced in a country  not recogni sed 
by MPI as free from Xylella fastidiosa  
Organism  MPI acceptable detection methods   
Xylella fastidiosa  Growing season inspection in PEQ for disease symptom expression AND  PCR  
(1) Plants must be inspected at least once per week for signs of pest and disease  by the PEQ facility 
operator (or a person nominated by the operator) . 
(2) The plants must be teste d for Xylella fastidiosa  during the quarantine period, at an MPI -approved 
diagnostic facility, as described below:  
a) Samples must be collected and tested at the end of the summer (or ‘summer -like’) period;  
i) The unit for testing is defined in section 1.6.1 “Te sting”.  
ii) Plants shall be sampled from at least four positions; including a minimum of two young, 
fully expanded leaves at the top of the stem and two older leaves from a midway position.  
iii) The samples must be tested by PCR for Xylella fastidiosa . 
iv) PCR need s to be validated using positive controls/reference material prior to use in 
quarantine testing.  
v) Positive and negative controls (including a blank water control) must be used in PCR.  
vi) All samples must test negative  
 
Guidance  
• Refer to Clause 1.11  of MPI Standard MPI-ABTRT  Approved Biosecurity Treatments . 
• The full list of countries which are not recognised by MPI as free from Xylella fastidiosa  can be viewed 
on the website: https://www.biosecurity.govt.nz/dmsdocument/15655   
  Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing   Final  26 October 2022  
Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  45 of 176 2.19 Castanea  
The following requirements only apply to species in the Plant Biosecurity Index listed under Import 
Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 und er Castanea ”. 
Approved countries:  All 
Quarantine pests:  Ceratocystis fagacearum; Cryphonectria parasitica ; Curculio spp.;  Cyrtepistomus 
castaneus  
Import permit:  Required  
PEQ: Level 3B  
Minimum PEQ period:  2 years  
Approved treatment : Not required  
Phytosanitary certificate:  Required  
2.19.1   Phytosanitary certificate - Additional declaration  
(1) If satisfied that the pre -shipment activities have been undertaken, the exporting country NPPO must 
confirm this by providing the certifying statement as per Part 1.5.2  of this import health standard and 
also the following additional declaration(s)  to the phytosanitary certificate:  
a) “The Castanea seeds have been:  
i) produced in trees that have been officially inspected and found to be free of diseases 
caused by Cryphonectri a spp; 
OR 
ii) produced in an area  where Cryphonectria parasitica  is known not to occur”.  
2.19.2   Inspection and testing requirements  
Organism  MPI acceptable detection methods  
Ceratocystis fagacearum  Growing season inspection in PEQ for disease symptom expression  
Cryphonectria parasitica  Growing season inspection in PEQ for disease symptom expression  
 
Guidance  
• Prospective importers who wish to import eligible species of seed under this IHS schedule should 
contact MPI at PlantImports@mpi.govt.nz  well in advance of their intended import to discuss their 
importation p lans and apply for an import permit. This is because MPI will need to undertake a risk 
assessment that could potentially lead to changes being made to import requirements and this could 
lead to longer timeframes for issuance of a permit.  
  Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing   Final  26 October 2022  
Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  46 of 176 2.20 Cicer  
The following requirements only apply to species in the Plant Biosecurity Index listed under Import 
Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Cicer ”. 
Approved countries:  All 
Quarantine pests:  Ascochyta rabiei, Megaselia arietina, Trogoderma  spp. 
Impo rt permit: Not required  
PEQ : Not required  
Approved treatments : Not required  
Phytosanitary certificate:  Required  
2.20.1   Phytosanitary certificate - Additional declaration  
(1) If satisfied that the pre -shipment activities have been undertaken, the exporting country N PPO must 
confirm this by providing the certifying statement as per Part 1.5.2 of this import health standard and 
also the following additional declaration(s)  to the phytosanitary certificate:  
a) “The Cicer  seeds have been:  
i) produced in a ‘pest free area’ free from Ascochyta rabiei ; 
OR 
ii) produced in a ‘pest free place of production’ free from Ascochyta rabiei” . 
 
   Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing   Final  26 October 2022  
Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  47 of 176 2.21 Citrus  
The following requirements only apply to species in the Plant Biosecurity Index listed under Import 
Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Citrus ”. 
Approved countries:  Australia, Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary , 
Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, United Kingdom, 
United States of America.  
Quarantine pests:  Xanthomonas campestris  pv. citri, ‘Candidatus Liberibacter africanus’ , ‘Candidatus 
Liberibacter asiati cus’, ‘Candidatus Liberibacter americanus’.  
Import permit:  Not required  
PEQ:  Not required  
Approved treatments : Not required  
Phytosanitary certificate:  Required  
2.21.1   Phytosanitary certificate - Additional declarations  
(1) If satisfied that the pre -shipment activities have been undertaken, the exporting country NPPO must 
confirm this by providing the certifying statement as per Part 1.5.2 of this import health standard and  
also the following additional declaration(s)  to the phytosanitary certificate:  
a) “The Citrus  seeds have been produced in an area where Xanthomonas campestris  pv. citri is not 
known to occur”;  
AND  
b) “The Citrus seeds have been produced in an area where ‘ Candi datus ’ Liberibacter spp. is not 
known to occur”.  
   Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing   Final  26 October 2022  
Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  48 of 176 2.22 Cocos  
The following requirements only apply to species in the Plant Biosecurity Index listed under Import 
Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Cocos ”. 
Approved countries:  All countries except  Guam, the Philippines and the Solomon Islands  
Quarantine pests:  Coconut cadang -cadang viroid  
Import permit: Not required  
PEQ : Not required  
Approved treatments : Not required  
Phytosanitary certificate:  Required  
2.22.1   Phytosanitary certificate - Additional declarations  
(1) If satisfied that the pre -shipment activities have been undertaken, the exporting country NPPO must 
confirm this by providing the certifying statement as per Part 1.5.2 of this import health standard and 
also the following additional declaration(s)  to the phytosanitary certificate:  
a) “The Cocos  seeds have been produced in an approved country and have not been produced in 
Guam, the Philippines or the Solomon Islands”  
AND  
b) “The Cocos  seeds have been produced in a ‘pest free area’ free from Coconut cadang -cadang  
viroid” . 
 
   Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing   Final  26 October 2022  
Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  49 of 176 2.23 Coffea  
The following requirements only apply to species in the Plant Biosecurity Index listed under Import 
Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Coffea ”. 
Approved countries:  Australia, Cook Islands, Hawaii, Samoa, Tonga  
Quarantine pests:  Stephanoderes hampei  
Import permit:  Not required  
PEQ : Not required  
Phytosanitary certificate:  Required  
2.23.1  Approved treatments  
(1) All Coffea  seeds must be treated as per MPI Standard MPI-ABTRT  Approved Biosecurity Treatments . 
2.23.2   Phytosanitary certificate - Additional declaration  
(1) The exporting country NPPO must confirm any treatment(s) as required by the IHS in the disinfestation 
and/or disinfection treatment section.  
(2) If satisfied that the pre -shipment activities have been undertaken, the exporting country NPPO must 
confirm this by providing the certifying statement as per Part 1.5.2 of this import health standard.  
 
Guidance  
• Refer to Clause 1.11  of MPI Standard MPI-ABTRT  Approved Biosecurity Treatments . 
  Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing   Final  26 October 2022  
Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  50 of 176 2.24 Coriandrum  
The following requirements only apply to species in the Plant Biosecurity Index listed under Import 
Specifications for Seed a s “see 155.02.05 under Coriandrum ”. 
Approved countries:  All 
Quarantine pests:  Ramularia coriandri, Trogoderma  spp. 
Import permit: Not required  
PEQ : Not required  
Phytosanitary certificate:  Required  
2.24.1  Approved treatments  
(1) All Coriandrum seeds must be treated as per MPI Standard MPI-ABTRT  Approved Biosecurity 
Treatments . 
2.24.2   Phytosanitary certificate - Additional declaration  
(1) The exporting country NPPO must confirm any treatment(s) as required by the IHS in the disinfestation 
and/or disinfection treatment section.  
(2) If satisfied that the pre -shipment activities have been undertaken, the exporting country NPPO must 
confirm this by providing the certifying statement as per Part 1.5.2 of this import health standard and 
also the following additional declaration(s)  to the phytosanitary certificate:  
a) “The Coriandrum seeds have been:  
i) produced in a ‘pest free area’, free from  Ramularia coriandri;  
OR 
ii) produced in a ‘pest free place of production’ free from Ramularia coriandri .” 
 
Guidance  
• Refer to Clause 1.11  of MPI Standard MPI-ABTRT  Approved Biosecurity Treatments . 
  Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing   Final  26 October 2022  
Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  51 of 176 2.25 Corylus  
The following requirements only apply to species in the Plant Biosecurity Index listed under Import 
Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Corylus” .  
Approved countries:  All 
Quarantine pests:  Cydia latiferreana, Curculio nucum   
Import permit: Not required  
PEQ : Not required  
Approved treatments : Not requ ired 
Phytosanitary certificate:  Required  
2.25.1   Phytosanitary certificate  
(1) If satisfied that the pre -shipment activities have been undertaken, the exporting country NPPO must 
confirm this by providing the certifying statement as per Part 1.5.2 of this import heal th standard.  
2.25.2  Phytosanitary requirements  
(1) All Corylus  seeds imported into New Zealand must have their shells removed to permit inspection, 
prior to entry.  
  Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing   Final  26 October 2022  
Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  52 of 176 2.26 Corypha  
The following requirements only apply to species in the Plant Biosecurity Index listed unde r Import 
Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Corypha ”. 
Approved countries:  All countries except Guam, the Philippines and the Solomon Islands  
Quarantine pests:  Coconut cadang -cadang viroid . 
Import permit: Not required  
PEQ : Not required  
Approved  treatments : Not required  
Phytosanitary certificate:  Required  
2.26.1   Phytosanitary certificate - Additional declarations  
(1) If satisfied that the pre -shipment activities have been undertaken, the exporting country NPPO must 
confirm this by providing the certifying statement as per Part 1.5.2 of this import health standard and 
also the following additional declaration(s)  to the phytosanitary certificate:  
a) “The Corypha  seeds have been produced in an approved country and have not been produced in 
Guam, the Philippines or the Solomon Islands”.  
AND  
b) “The Corypha  seeds have been produced in a’pest free area’ free from Coconut cadang -cadang 
viroid” . 
  Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing   Final  26 October 2022  
Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  53 of 176 2.27 Cucumis  
The following r equirements only apply to species in the Plant Biosecurity Index listed under Import 
Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Cucu mis”.  
Approved countries : All 
Quarantine pests : Cucumber green mottle mosaic virus  (CGMMV) ; Kyuri green mottle mosaic virus  
(KGMMV); Melon necrotic spot virus  (MNSV)  
Import permit : Not required  
PEQ : Not required  
Approved treatment : Not required  
Phytosanitary certificate:  Required  
2.27.1   Phytosanitary certificate – Additional declarations  
(1) The required additional declarations must be endorsed in full on the phytosanitary certificate. No 
variations in the wording will be accepted by MPI, with the exception of translation artefacts.  
(2) If satisfied that the pre -shipment activities have been under taken, the exporting country NPPO must 
confirm this by providing the certifying statement as per Part 1.5.2 of this import health standard and 
also the following additional declaration(s)  to the phytosanitary certificate:  
The [ Citrullus lanatus; Cucumis me lo] seeds for sowing in this consignment have been:  
a) For Cucumber green mottle mosaic virus  (CGMMV):  
i) sourced from  a “pest free area ”, free from the named regulated virus Cucumber green 
mottle mosaic virus  
OR  
ii) Cucumber green mottle mosaic virus  (CGMMV) is absent/not known to occur in 
____________(name of country) . 
OR 
iii) sourced from  mother plants that were sampled according to a n NPPO -approved 
methodology and tested using a n NPPO -approved ELISA or a n NPPO -approved PCR 
method, during the active growing period and found free from Cucumber green mottle 
mosaic virus . 
OR 
iv) sourced from  a seed lot officially sampled according to ISTA or AOSA methodology, and 
tested using the ISTA -validated ELISA or a n NPPO -approved  PCR method and found free 
from Cucumber green mottle mosaic virus.  
OR 
v) For seed lots with less than 10,000 seeds : produced from mother plants that were 
officially sampled according to an NPPO -approved methodology during the active growing 
period and tested  according to an NPPO -approved methodology and found free from 
Cucumber green mottle mosaic virus . 
AND  Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing   Final  26 October 2022  
Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  54 of 176 b) For Kyuri green mottle mosaic virus  (KGMMV):  
i) sourced from a  “pest free area”, free from Kyuri green mottle mosaic virus ;  
OR  
ii) Kyuri  green mottle mosaic virus  (KGMMV) is absent/not known to occur in 
____________(name of country)  
OR  
iii) sourced from  a “pest free place of production”, free from Kyuri green mottle mosaic virus ;  
OR  
iv) sourced from  a seed lot officially sampled according to IST A or AOSA methodology, and 
tested using a n NPPO -approved serological (ELISA) or molecular (PCR) method and 
found free from Kyuri green mottle mosaic virus . 
OR  
v) For seed lots with less than 10,000 seeds:  produced from mother plants that were 
officially sampled according to an NPPO -approved methodology during the active growing 
period and tested according to an NPPO -approved methodology and found free from Kyuri 
green mottle mosaic virus.  
AND  
c) For Melon ne crotic spot  virus  (MNS V):  
i) sourced from  a “pest free area ”, free from Melon necrotic spot virus  (MNSV)  
OR  
ii) Melon necrotic spot virus  (MNSV)  is absent/not known to occur in ____________(name of 
country)  
OR 
iii) sourced from  mother plants that were sampled according to a n NPPO -approved 
methodology and tested using a n NPPO -approved ELISA or a n NPPO -approved PCR 
method, during the active growing period and found free from Melon necrotic spot virus  
OR 
iv) sourced from  a seed lot off icially sampled according to ISTA or AOSA methodology, and 
tested using an NPPO - or ISTA -approved ELISA or an NPPO -approved PCR method and 
found free from Melon necrotic spot virus . 
OR 
v) For seed lots with less than 1 0,000 seeds:  produced from mother plants that were 
officially sampled according to an NPPO -approved methodology during the active growing 
period and tested according to an NPPO -approved methodology and found free from 
Melon necrotic spot virus . 
2.27.2   Testing requirements  
(1) Testing is required to be completed offshore prior to export, or on arrival in New Zealand.  
(2) Pre-export testing for each seed lot must be endorsed by the NPPO on the phytosanitary certificate, or 
if tested on arrival in New Zealand, must be completed  by an MPI -approved testing laboratory.  
(3) For seed lots of 10,000 or more seeds:  
a) A representative sample of a minimum of 2 ,000 seeds, officially drawn according to ISTA or 
AOSA methodology is required from each seed lot and tested as specified in the schedul e; Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing   Final  26 October 2022  
Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  55 of 176 (4) For seed lots with less than 10,000 seeds:  
a) A composite sample of a minimum of 2 ,000 seeds must be officially drawn across all seed lots of 
the same seed species in a consignment, which must have been produced at the same place of 
production or productio n site.  
(5) In order to achieve a composite sample, proportionate sampling must be carried out across all lots 
imported. A sample of seeds must be drawn from each imported lot within a consignment, adding up to 
2,000 seeds. The size of the sample from each lo t must be proportionate to the size of the imported lot 
within the consignment.  
(6) All importers who test a composite sample on  arrival in New Zealand must make a declaration  to 
identify  the place of production or production site of the lots that form the composite sample.  
 
Guidance  
• The sample size from each lot should be calculated as follows:  
− The proportion of each lot in the total consignment (seed number) is calculated using the 
equation:  
𝑃𝑟𝑜𝑝𝑜𝑟𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛  𝑜𝑓 𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙  𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑠𝑖𝑔𝑛𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡  𝑠𝑖𝑧𝑒 = 𝑁𝑜.  𝑜𝑓 𝑠𝑒𝑒𝑑𝑠  𝑖𝑛 𝑒𝑎𝑐ℎ 𝑙𝑜𝑡
𝑇𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙  𝑛𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟  𝑜𝑓 𝑠𝑒𝑒𝑑𝑠  𝑖𝑛 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑠𝑖𝑔𝑛𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡  
− Calculate the sample size for each lot (number of seeds) using a total composite sample size of 
2,000 seeds:  
𝑆𝑎𝑚𝑝𝑙𝑒  𝑠𝑖𝑧𝑒  𝑜𝑓 𝑒𝑎𝑐ℎ 𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒= 2,000 seeds  × 𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑝𝑜𝑟𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛  𝑜𝑓 𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙  𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑠𝑖𝑔𝑛𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡  𝑠𝑖𝑧𝑒   
− Take the sum of the sample size for each lot to check that the total composite sample for the 
consignment is at least 2 ,000 seeds.  
• For measures involving testing of mother plants, the measures must be applied for every mother plant 
(the seed pare nt) used to produce the seed lot.  
 
 
 
  Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing   Final  26 October 2022  
Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  56 of 176 2.28 Cucurbitaceae   
The following requirements only apply to species in the Plant Biosecurity Index listed under Import 
Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Cucurbitaceae” .  
Approved countries : All 
Quarantine pests : Cucumber green mottle mosaic virus  (CGMMV) ; Kyuri  green mottle mosaic virus  
(KGMMV)   
Import permit : Not required  
PEQ : Not required  
Approved treatment : Not required  
Phytosanitary certificate:  Required  
2.28.1   Phytosanitary certificate – Additional declarations  
(1) The required additional declarations must be endorsed in full on the phytosanitary certificate, no 
variations in the wording will be accepted by MPI, with exception of translation artifacts.  
(2) If satisfied that the pre -shipment activities have been undertaken, the exporting country NPPO must 
confirm th is by providing the certifying statement as per Part 1.5.2 of this import health standard and 
also the following additional declaration(s)  to the phytosanitary certificate:  
The [ Benincasa hispida; Cucumis anguria; Cucumis metulliferus; Cucumis myriocarpus;  Cucurbita 
ficifolia; Cucurbita maxima; Cucurbita mixta Cucurbita moschata; Cucurbita pepo; Cucumis sativus; 
Lagenaria siceraria; Luffa acutangula; Luffa cylindrical; Luffa aegyptiaca; Momordica charantia; 
Portulaca oleraceae ] seeds for sowing in this cons ignment have been:  
a) For Cucumber green mottle mosaic virus  (CGMMV):  
i) produced in a Pest free area, free from the named regulated virus Cucumber green mottle 
mosaic virus;  
OR  
ii) Cucumber green mottle mosaic virus  (CGMMV) is absent/not known to occur in 
_____ _______(name of country)  
OR 
iii) produced in mother plants that were sampled according to a NPPO approved methodology 
and tested using a NPPO approved ELISA or a NPPO approved PCR method, during the 
active growing period and found free from Cucumber green mottle mosaic virus . 
OR 
iv) produced in a seed lot officially sampled according to ISTA or AOSA methodology, and 
tested using the ISTA validated ELISA or a NPPO approved PCR method and found free 
from Cucumber green mottle mosaic virus.  
OR 
v) For seed lots with less than 10,000 seeds : produced from mother plants that were 
officially sampled according to an NPPO -approved methodology during the active growing 
period and tested according to an NPPO -approved methodology and found free from 
Cucumber green mottle mosaic virus . 
 Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing   Final  26 October 2022  
Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  57 of 176 AND  
b) For Kyuri green mottle mosaic virus  (KGMMV):  
i) produced in  a “Pest free area”, free from Kyuri green mottle mosaic virus ;  
OR  
ii) Kyuri green mottle mosaic virus  (KGMMV) is absent/not known to occur in 
____________(name of country)  
OR  
iii) produced in a “Pest Free Place of Production”, free from Kyuri green mottle mosaic virus ;  
OR  
iv) produced in a seed lot officially sampled according to ISTA or AOSA methodology, and 
tested using a NPPO approved serological (ELISA) or molecular (PCR) method a nd found 
free from Kyuri green mottle mosaic virus . 
OR  
v) For seed lots with less than 10,000 seeds:  produced from mother plants that were 
officially sampled according to an NPPO -approved methodology during the active growing 
period and tested according to a n NPPO -approved methodology and found free from Kyuri 
green mottle mosaic virus.  
2.28.2   Testing requirements  
(1) Testing is required to be completed offshore prior to export, or on arrival in New Zealand.  
(2) Pre-export testing for each seed lot must be endorsed by the NPPO on the phytosanitary certificate, or 
if tested on arrival in New Zealand, must be completed by an MPI -approved testing laboratory.  
(3) For seed lots of 10,000 or more seeds:  
a) A representative sample of a minimum of 2 ,000 seeds, officially drawn accordi ng to ISTA or 
AOSA methodology is required from each seed lot and tested as specified in the schedule;  
(4) For seed lots with less than 10,000 seeds:  
a) A composite sample of a minimum of 2 ,000 seeds must be officially drawn across all seed lots of 
the same seed species in a consignment, which must have been produced at the same place of 
production or production site.  
(5) In order to achieve a composite sample, proportionate sampling must be carried out across all lots 
imported. A sample of seeds must be drawn from e ach imported lot within a consignment, adding up to 
2,000 seeds. The size of the sample from each lot must be proportionate to the size of the imported lot 
within the consignment.  
(6) All importers who test a composite sample on  arrival in New Zealand must mak e a declaration  to 
identify the place of production or production site of the lots that form the composite sample.  
 
Guidance  
• The sample size from each lot should be calculated as follows:  
− The proportion of each lot in the total consignment (seed number) is calculated using the equation:  
𝑃𝑟𝑜𝑝𝑜𝑟𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛  𝑜𝑓 𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙  𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑠𝑖𝑔𝑛𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡  𝑠𝑖𝑧𝑒 = 𝑁𝑜.  𝑜𝑓 𝑠𝑒𝑒𝑑𝑠  𝑖𝑛 𝑒𝑎𝑐 ℎ 𝑙𝑜𝑡
𝑇𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙  𝑛𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟  𝑜𝑓 𝑠𝑒𝑒𝑑𝑠  𝑖𝑛 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑠𝑖𝑔𝑛𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡  
− Calculate the sample size for each lot (number of seeds) using a total composite sample size of 
2,000 seeds:  
𝑆𝑎𝑚𝑝𝑙𝑒  𝑠𝑖𝑧𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑒𝑎𝑐ℎ 𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒= 2,000 seeds  × 𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑝𝑜𝑟𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛  𝑜𝑓 𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙  𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑠𝑖𝑔𝑛𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡  𝑠𝑖𝑧𝑒  Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing   Final  26 October 2022  
Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  58 of 176 − Take the sum of the sample size for each lot to check that the total composite sample for the 
consignment is at least 2 ,000 seeds.  
• For measures involving testing of mother plants, the measures must be applied for every moth er plant 
(the seed parent) used to produce the seed lot.  
2.28.3   Cucurbita pepo  
(1) Different varieties of Yellow Straightneck, Yellow Crookneck squash and Green Zucchini seeds have 
been genetically modified. The following varieties are prohibited entry to New Zeal and without HSNO 
approval by EPA:   
a) Cucurbita pepo  event ZW20;  
b) Cucurbita pepo  event CZW3;  
c) Yellow Crookneck squash variety “Revenue”; “Tigress”; “Destiny III”; Prelude II;  
d) Yellow Straightneck  squash variety “XPT1832 III”; “Conqueror III”; “Patriot II”; “Liberator III”;  
e) Green Zucchini variety “SV6009YG”; “Judgement III”; “Justice III”; “Declaration II”; “Independence 
II”.  
(2) Cucurbita pepo  importers are required to comply with one of the two options listed below:  
Option 1:  
a) a declaration signed by the exporter and importer must accompany the consignment declaring 
that the consignment does not contain GM seeds (the declaration form template is provided in 
Appendix 3).  
OR 
Option 2:  
b) a representative sample from each seed lot of Cucurbita pepo  must be sampled, tested, and 
found to be free of unapproved GM seed according to the MPI Protocol for Testing for the 
Presence of Genetically Modified P lant Material  (refer to Part 1.5.3 Genetically modified testing 
certificate  in this IHS). More information can also be found at 
https://www.mpi.govt.nz /importing/plants/seeds -for-sowing/genetically -modified -seeds/  
 
Guidance  
• The MPI Protocol for Testing for the Presence of Genetically Modified Plant Material can be found at 
https://www.mpi.govt.nz/document -vault/10250    
• The declaration form template is provided in Appendix 3.  
 
References:  
• Ling et al., 2014. First report of Cucumber green mottle mosaic virus  infecting  greenhouse cucumber 
in Canada. Plant Disease 98 (5): 701 -2.  
• Reingold et al., 2013. First report of Cucumber green mottle mosaic virus  (CGMMV) symptoms in 
watermelon used for the discrimination of non -marketable fruits in Israeli commercial fields. New 
Disease Reports 28, 11.  
• ISTA https ://www.seedtest.org/upload/cms/user/SH -07-026-2014.pdf  
• Daryono, B. S., Somowiyarjo, S., Natsuaki, K. T. 2005. Biological and Molecular Characteri zation of 
Melon -Infecting Kyuri Green Mottle Mosaic virus  in Indonesia. Journal of Phytopathology 153, 588 -
595. 
• Daryono, B.S., Somowiyarjo, S. and Natsuaki , K.T. 2006. Biological characterization and complete 
nucleotide sequence of coat protein of Kyuri green mottle mosaic virus  isolated from angled loofah in 
Indonesia. Jour. Agri. Sci. Tokyo Univ. of Agric. 51 (1), 42 -52. (Printed in English)  Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing   Final  26 October 2022  
Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  59 of 176 • Daryono, B. S.  and Natsuaki, K.T. 2012. Application of Multiplex RT -PCR for Detection of Cucurbit -
infecting Tobamovirus. Jordan Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 8 (1): 46 -56. 
• Hongyun, C., Wendjun, Z., Qinsheng, G. and Shuifang, Z. 2008. Real time TaqMan RT -PCR assay fo r 
the detection of Cucumber green mottle mosaic virus . Journal of Virological Methods, 149 (2): 326 -9. 
• Kwon, J. Y., Hong, J. S., Kim, M. J., Choi, S. H., Byeong, E. M., Song, E. G., Kim, H. H., Ryu, K. H. 
2014. Simultaneous multiplex PCR detection of seven  cucurbit infecting viruses. Journal of Virological 
Methods 206, 133 -139. 
 
  Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing   Final  26 October 2022  
Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  60 of 176 Pest list for Cucurbitaceae  REGULATED PESTS (actionable)  
Virus      
   
Cucumber green mottle mosaic virus  
Kyuri green mottle mosaic virus  CGMMV  
KGMMV  
 
  Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing   Final  26 October 2022  
Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  61 of 176 2.29 Cuminum  
The following requirements only apply to species in the Plant Biosecurity Index listed under Import 
Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Cuminum ”. 
Approved countries:  All 
Quarantine pests:  Alternaria burnsii   
Import permit: Not required  
PEQ : Not required  
Phytosanitary certificate:  Required  
2.29.1  Approved treatments  
(1) All Cuminum  seeds must be treated as per MPI Standard MPI-ABTRT  Approved Biosecurity 
Treatments . 
2.29.2   Phytosanitary certificate - Additional declaration  
(1) The exporting country NPPO must confirm any treatment(s) as required by the IHS in the disinfestation 
and/or disinfection treatment section.  
(2) If satisfied that the pre -shipment activities have been underta ken, the exporting country NPPO must 
confirm this by providing the certifying statement as per Part 1.5.2 of this import health standard and 
also the following additional declaration(s)  to the phytosanitary certificate:  
a) “The Cuminum seeds have been:  
i) produc ed in a ‘pest free area’, free from Alternaria burnsii;   
OR 
ii) produced in a ‘pest free place of production’, free from Alternaria burnsii”.   
 
Guidance  
• Refer to Clause 1.11  of MPI Standard MPI-ABTRT  Approved Biosecurity Treatments . 
  Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing   Final  26 October 2022  
Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  62 of 176 2.30 Desmodium  
The following requirements only apply to species in the Plant Biosecurity Index listed under Import 
Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Desmodium ”. 
Approved countries:  All 
Quarantine pests:  Desmodium mosaic virus, Trogoderma  spp. 
Import permit:  Not required  
PEQ : Not required  
Approved treatments : Not required  
Phytosanitary certificate:  Required  
2.30.1   Phytosanitary certificate - Additional declaration  
(1) If satisfied that the pre -shipment activities have been undertaken, the exporting country NPPO must 
confirm this by providing the certifying statement as per Part 1.5.2 of this import health standard and 
also the following additional declaration(s)  to the phytosanitary certificate:  
a) “The Desmodium  seeds have been:  
i) produced in an area where Desmodium mosaic virus  is not known to occur;  
OR 
ii) produced in a crop that has been inspected during the growing season according to 
appropriate procedures and no Desmodium mosaic virus  was detected”.  
  Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing   Final  26 October 2022  
Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  63 of 176 2.31 Echinochloa  
The following requirements only apply to species in the Plant Biosecurity Index listed unde r Import 
Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Echinochloa ”. 
Approved countries:  All 
Quarantine pests:  Sclerospora graminicola, Trogoderma  spp., Ustilaginales  
Import permit: Not required  
PEQ : Not required  
Phytosanitary certificate:  Required  
2.31.1  Appr oved treatments  
(1) All Echinochloa  seeds must be treated as per MPI Standard MPI-ABTRT  Approved Biosecurity 
Treatments . 
2.31.2   Phytosanitary certificate - Additional declaration  
(1) The exporting country NPPO must confirm any treatment(s) as required by the IHS in the disinfestation 
and/or disinfection treatment section.  
(2) If satisfied that the pre -shipment activities have been underta ken, the exporting country NPPO must 
confirm this by providing the certifying statement as per Part 1.5.2 of this import health standard and 
also the following additional declaration(s)  to the phytosanitary certificate:  
a) “The Echinochloa seeds have been:  
i) produced in a ‘pest free area’, free from  Sclerospora graminicola;  
OR 
ii) produced in a ‘pest free place of production’, free from  Sclerospora graminicola”.  
 
Guidance  
• Refer to Clause 1.11  of MPI St andard MPI-ABTRT  Approved Biosecurity Treatments . 
  Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing   Final  26 October 2022  
Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  64 of 176 2.32 Elaeis  
The following requirements only apply to species in the Plant Biosecurity Index listed under Import 
Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Elaeis ”. 
Approved countries:  All countries excep t Guam, the Philippines and the Solomon Islands  
Quarantine pests:  Coconut cadang -cadang viroid  
Import permit: Not required  
PEQ : Not required  
Approved treatment : Not required  
Phytosanitary certificate:  Required  
2.32.1   Phytosanitary certificate - Additional declarations  
(1) If satisfied that the pre -shipment activities have been undertaken, the exporting country NPPO must 
confirm this by providing the certifying statement as per Part 1.5.2 of this import health standard and  
also the following additional declaration(s)  to the phytosanitary certificate:  
a) “The Elaeis  seeds have been produced in an approved country and have not been produced in 
Guam, the Philippines or the Solomon Islands”.  
AND  
b) “The Elaeis  seeds have been produce d in a ‘pest free area’ free from Coconut cadang -cadang 
viroid” . 
  Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing   Final  26 October 2022  
Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  65 of 176 2.33 Eriobotrya  
The following requirements only apply to species in the Plant Biosecurity Index listed under Import 
Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Eriobotrya ”. 
Approved countri es: All 
Quarantine pests:  Pseudomonas syringae  pv. eriobotryae  
Import permit:  Required  
Approved treatments : Not required  
Phytosanitary certificate:  Required  
(1) Importers must comply with one of the two options listed below:  
2.33.1  Option 1:  
 PEQ : Not required  
 Phytosanitary certificate - Additional declaration s 
(1) If satisfied that the pre -shipment activities have been undertaken, the exporting country NPPO must 
confirm this by providing the certifying statement as per Part 1.5.2 of this import health standard and 
also the following additional declaration(s)  to the phytosanitary certificate:  
a) “the Eriobotrya  seeds have been produced in an area where Pseudomonas syringae  pv. 
eriobotryae  is not known to occur”.  
2.33.2  Option 2:  
 PEQ : Level 3 B  
 Minimum  PEQ  Period : 2 growing seasons  
 Phytosanita ry certificate  
(1) If satisfied tha t the pre -shipment activities have been undertaken, the exporting country NPPO must 
confirm this by providing the certifying statement as per Part 1.5.2 of this import health standard.  
 
Guidance  
• Prospective importers who wish to import eligible species of seed under this IHS schedule should 
contact MPI at PlantImports@mpi.govt.nz  well in advance of their intended import to discuss their 
importation p lans and apply for an import permit. This is because MPI will need to undertake a risk 
assessment that could potentially lead to changes being made to import requirements and this could 
lead to longer timeframes for issuance of a permit.  
  Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing   Final  26 October 2022  
Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  66 of 176 2.34 Fagus  
The follo wing requirements only apply to species in the Plant Biosecurity Index listed under Import 
Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Fagus ”. 
Approved countries:  All 
Quarantine pests:  Tortricidae  
Import permit: Not required  
PEQ : Not required  
Phytosanitary certificate:  Required  
2.34.1  Approved treatments  
(1) All Fagus  seeds must be treated as per MPI Standard MPI-ABTRT  Approved Biosecurity Treatments . 
2.34.2   Phytosanitary certificate  
(1) The exporting country NPPO must confirm any treatment(s) as required by the IHS in the disinfestation 
and/or disinfection treatment section.  
(2) If satisfied that the pre -shipment activities have been undertaken, the exporting country NPPO must 
confirm this by providing the certifying statement as per Part 1.5.2 of this import health standard.  
 
Guidance  
• Refer to Clause 1.11  of MPI Standard MPI-ABTRT  Approved Biosecurity Treatments . 
  Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing   Final  26 October 2022  
Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  67 of 176 2.35 Fragaria  
The following requirements only apply to species in the Plant Biosecurity Index listed under Import 
Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Fragaria ”. 
Approved countries:  All 
Quarantine pests:  Refer to “Pest list for Fragaria.  
Import permit:  Requir ed 
PEQ:  Level 3B  
Minimum PEQ period:  6 months  
Approved treatments : Not required  
Phytosanitary certificate:  Required  
2.35.1   Phytosanitary certificate  
(1) If satisfied that the pre -shipment activities have been undertaken, the exporting country NPPO must 
confirm this by providing the certifying statement as per Part 1.5.2 of this import health standard.  
2.35.2   Inspection and testing requirements  
Organism  MPI acceptable detection methods  
Fragaria chiloensis latent virus  Herbaceous indexing with Cq  
Raspberry ringspot virus*  ELISA or PCR and herbaceous indexing with Cq  
Strawberry latent ringspot virus*  ELISA or PCR and herbaceous indexing with Cq  
Tobacco streak virus*  ELISA or PCR and herbaceous indexing with Cq  
Tomato  ringspot virus*  ELISA or PCR and herbaceous indexing with Cq  
Cq – Chenopodium quinoa  
(1) Tests are to be carried out on plants germinated from the imported seeds.  
(2) Testing must be carried out on plants while they are in active growth.  
(3) Indicator plants must be grown under appropriate temperatures.  
(4) Indicator plants must be shaded for 12 -24 hrs prior to inoculation.  
(5) Post-inoculated indicator plants must be maintained under appropriate glasshouse conditions for at 
least 4 weeks.  
(6) Post-inoculated indicator pl ants must be inspected at least twice per week for signs of virus infection 
with observations being recorded on a weekly basis.  
(7) For ELISA tests, the unit for testing is an individual seedling because of the presence of pollen 
transmitted viruses for which pre-determined testing is required (denoted by ‘*’ in the table above).  
(8) PCR and ELISA need to be validated using positive controls/reference material prior to use in 
quarantine testing.  
(9) Positive, negative, and buffer controls must be used in ELISA tests.  
(10) Positive controls must be used in PCR.  Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing   Final  26 October 2022  
Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  68 of 176 (11) Fragaria  plants in a PEQ facility must be inspected for signs of pest and disease at least once per 
week.  
 
Guidance  
• Positive internal controls and a negative plant control should be used.  
• Internal controls in PCR tests are important to avoid the risk of false negatives.  
• Prospective importers who wish to import eligible species of seed under this IHS schedule should 
contact MPI at PlantImports@mpi.govt.nz  well in advance of their intended import to discuss their 
importation plans and apply for an import permit. This is because MPI will need to undertake a risk 
assessment th at could potentially lead to changes being made to import requirements and this could 
lead to longer timeframes for issuance of a permit.  
 
  Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing   Final  26 October 2022  
Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  69 of 176 Pest list for Fragaria  REGULATED PESTS (actionable)  
Virus      
   Fragaria chiloensis latent virus   
   Raspberry ringspot virus   
   Strawberry latent ringspot virus  
(strains not in New Zealand)   
   Tobacco streak virus   
   Tomato ringspot virus (strains not in New Zealand)   
  Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing   Final  26 October 2022  
Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  70 of 176 2.36 Glebionis  
The following requirements only apply to species in the Plant Biosecurity Index listed under Import 
Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Glebionis ”. 
Approved countries:  All countries  
Quarantine pests:  Potato spindle tuber viroid  
Import permit: Not required  
PEQ : Not required  
Approved treatment : Not required  
Phytosanitary certificate:  Required  
2.36.1   Phytosanitary certificate - Additional declarations  
(1) If satisfied that the pre -shipment activities have been undertaken, the exporting country NPPO must 
confirm this by providing the certifying statement as per Part 1.5.2 of this import health standard and 
also the following additional declaration(s)  to the phytosanitary certificate:  
a) “The [insert species name] seeds have been:  
i) produced in a ‘pest free area’ f ree from Potato spindle tuber viroid ; 
OR 
ii) produced in a ‘pest free place of production’ where parent plants have been tested 
according to an NPPO approved methodology and found free from Potato spindle tuber 
viroid ; 
OR 
iii) officially tested, on a representative  sample of a minimum of 3000 seeds officially drawn 
according to the ISTA or AOSA sampling methodology using an NPPO approved PCR 
testing method, and found to be free from Potato spindle tuber viroid ”. 
2.36.2   Testing requirements  
(1) Testing is required to be comple ted offshore prior to export, or on arrival in New Zealand.  
(2) Pre-export testing for each seed lot must be endorsed by the NPPO on the phytosanitary certificate, or 
if tested on arrival in New Zealand, must be completed by an MPI -approved testing laboratory . 
(3) Testing on -shore will be performed using an MPI -approved testing method.  
  Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing   Final  26 October 2022  
Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  71 of 176 2.37 Glycine  
The following requirements only apply to species in the Plant Biosecurity Index listed under Import 
Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Glycine .” 
Approved countries:  All 
Quarantine pests:  Peronospora manshurica, Trogoderma  spp. 
Import Permit:  Permit not required, unless seeds are to be grown in PEQ.  
PEQ : Not required, unless imported under options 2.2.2 or 2.2.3 of the MPI Protocol  for Testing for the 
Presence of Genetically Modified Plant Material.  
Phytosanitary certificate:  Required  
2.37.1  Approved treatments  
(1) All Glycine  seeds must be treated as per MPI Standard MPI-ABTRT  Approved Biosecurity Treatments . 
2.37.2   Phytosanitary certificate - Additional declarations  
(1) The exporting country NPPO must confirm any treatment(s) as required by the IHS in the disinfestation 
and/or disinfecti on treatment section.  
(2) If satisfied that the pre -shipment activities have been undertaken, the exporting country NPPO must 
confirm this by providing the certifying statement as per Part 1.5.2 of this import health standard and 
also the following additional  declaration(s)  to the phytosanitary certificate:  
a) “The Glycine  seeds have been:  
i) inspected in accordance with appropriate official procedures and found to be free of any 
visually detectable regulated pests, including Trogoderma  spp”.  
AND  
b) “The Glycine  seeds have been:  
i) produced in a ‘pest free area’ free from Peronospora manshurica;   
OR 
ii) produced in a ‘pest free place of production’ free from Peronospora manshurica”.  
AND  
c) “The Glycine  seeds have been treated against Peronospora manshurica  using one of the 
approved fungicide combinations”.  
2.37.3  GM seed testing  
(1) In addition to the phytosanitary requirements above, all consignments of Glycine max  (soybean) are 
required to be representatively sampled, tested, and found to be free of unapproved GM seed 
according to the MPI Protocol for Testing for the Presence of Genetically Modified Plant Material (refer 
to Part 1.5.3: Genetically Modified Testing Certificate ). 
 
Guidance  
• The MPI Protocol for te sting for the presence of genetically modified plant material can be found at 
https ://www.mpi.govt.nz/document -vault/10250  Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing   Final  26 October 2022  
Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  72 of 176 • More information on genetically modified seeds can also be found at 
https://www.mpi.govt.nz/importing/plants/seeds -for-sowing/genetically -modified -seeds/  
• Refer to Clause 1.11  of MPI Standard MPI-ABTRT  Approved Biosecurity Treatments  
 
  Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing   Final  26 October 2022  
Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  73 of 176 2.38 Gossypium  
The following requirements only apply to species in the Plant Biosecurity Index listed under Import 
Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Gossypium ”. 
Approved countries:  Australia  
Quarantine pests:  Anthonomus grandis, Trogoderma  spp. 
Import Permi t: Permit not required, unless seeds are to be grown in PEQ.  
PEQ : Not required, unless imported under options 2.2.2 or 2.2.3 of the MPI Protocol  for Testing for the 
Presence of Genetically Modified Plant Material.  
Approved treatment : Not required  
Phytosanitary certificate:  Required  
2.38.1   Phytosanitary certificate - Additional declaration  
(1) If sat isfied that the pre -shipment activities have been undertaken, the exporting country NPPO must 
confirm this by providing the certifying statement as per Part 1.5.2 of this import health standard and 
also the following additional declaration(s)  to the phytos anitary certificate:  
a) “The seed has been cleaned and is completely free of lint”.  
2.38.2   GM seed testing  
(1) In addition to the phytosanitary requirements above, all consigments of Gossypium hirsutum  (cotton) 
are required to be representatively sampled, tested, and found to be free of unapproved GM seed 
according to the MPI Protocol for Testing for the Presence of Genetically Modified Plant Material (refer 
to Part 1.5.3: Genetically Modified Testing Certificate ).  
(2) Importers of consignments of Gossypium hirsutum that are not identified appropriately will be offered 
the options of re -shipment, destruction or testing for the presence of unapproved GM seeds.  
  Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing   Final  26 October 2022  
Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  74 of 176 2.39 Helianthus  
The following requirements only apply to species in the Plant Biosecurity Index listed under Imp ort 
Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Helianthus .” 
Approved countries:  Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, Chile, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, 
Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Swede n, 
Switzerland, United Kingdom, United States of America  
Quarantine pests:  Alternaria helianthi, Neolasioptera helianthi (syn. Lasioptera murtfeldtiana), Plasmopara 
halstedii, Septoria helianthi, Sunflower mosaic virus , Trogoderma spp. 
Import permit:  Not r equired  
PEQ:  Not required  
Phytosanitary certificate:  Required  
2.39.1  Approved treatments  
(1) All Helianthus  seeds must be treated as per MPI Standard MPI-ABTRT  Approved Biosecurity 
Treatments . 
2.39.2   Phytosanitary certificate - Additional declarations  
(1) The exporting country NPPO must confirm any treatment(s) as required by the IHS in the disinfestation 
and/or disinfection treatment section.  
(2) If satisfied that the pre -shipment activities have been under taken, the exporting country NPPO must 
confirm this by providing the certifying statement as per Part 1.5.2 of this import health standard and 
also the following additional declaration(s)  to the phytosanitary certificate:  
a) “The Helianthus  seeds have been pr oduced in a crop that has been inspected during the growing 
season according to appropriate procedures and no Alternaria helianthi, Neolasioptera helianthi, 
Plasmopara halstedii, Septoria helianth i or Sunflower mosaic virus  was detected;  
OR 
b) “The Helianthus  seeds have been produced in an area where Alternaria helianthi, Neolasioptera 
helianthi, Plasmopara halstedii, Septoria helianthi and Sunflower mosaic virus are not known to 
occur";  
OR 
c) “The Helianthus  seeds have:  
i) been produced in a crop that has been inspected during the growing season according to 
appropriate procedures and no Neolasioptera helianthi, Plasmopara halstedii or Sunflower 
mosaic virus was detected;  
AND  
ii) had 600 pure seeds drawn and tested i n accordance  with the general directions for s eed 
health testing in the current International Rules for Seed Testing and no evidence of 
contamination with Alternaria helianthi  or Septoria helianthi  was found".  
 
Guidance  
• Refer to Clause 1.11  of MPI Standard MPI-ABTRT  Approved Biosecurity Treatments . 
 Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing   Final  26 October 2022  
Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  75 of 176 Pest list for  Helianthus REGULATED PESTS (actionable ) 
Insect  
 Insecta  
  Coleoptera  
   Dermestidae  
    Trogoderma granarium  khapra beetle  
    Trogoderma variabile  warehouse beetle  
  Diptera  
   Asteraceae  
    Neolasioptera helianthi  
(syn. Lasioptera murtfeldtiana)  midge  
Fungus  
 Ascomycota  
  Pleosporales  
   Pleosporaceae  
    Alternaria helianthi   
  Dothideales  
   Leptosphaeriaceae  
    Leptosphaeria lindquistii  leaf spot  
Mitosporic fungi (Coelomycetes)  
 Sphaeropsidales  
  Sphaerioidaceae   
    Septoria helianthi  septoria leaf spot  
Mitosporic fungi  (Hyphomycetes)  
 Hyphomycetales  
  Moniliaceae  
    Aspergillus parasiticus  mould  
Oomycota  
 Peronosporales  
  Peronosporaceae  
    Plasmopara halstedii  downy mildew  
Bacterium  
  Pseudomonadaceae  
    Pseudomonas syringae pv. aptata  bacterial spot  
    Pseudomonas syringae pv. tagetis  bacterial leaf spot  
Virus  
   Potyviridae  
   Potyvirus  
    Sunflower mosaic virus   
 
  Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing   Final  26 October 2022  
Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  76 of 176 2.40 Hordeum  
The following requirements only apply to species in the Plant Biosecurity Index listed under Import 
Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Hordeum ”. 
Approved countries:  Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France,  
Germany, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, 
Sweden, Switzerland, United Kingdom and United States of America  
Quarantine pests:  Refer to “Pest list for Hordeum ” 
Import permit:  Not required  
PEQ:  Not required  
Phytosanitary certificate:  Required  
2.40.1  Approved treatments  
(1) In lieu of pest free area for Cephalosporium gramineum and Fusarium longipes  all Hordeum  seed for 
sowing seeds must be treated as per MPI Standard MPI-ABTRT  Approved Biosecurity Treatments .  
2.40.2   Phytosanitary certificate - Additional declarations  
(1) The exporting country NPPO must confirm any treatment(s) as required by the IHS in the disinfestation 
and/or disinfection treatment section.  
(2) If satisfied that the pre -shipment activities have been undertaken, the exporting country NPPO must 
confirm this by providing the certifying statement as per Part 1.5.2 of this import health standard a nd 
also the following additional declaration(s)  to the phytosanitary certificate:  
a) "The Hordeum  seeds have been:  
i) produced in a ‘pest free area’ free from the named regulated bacteria ( Pseudomonas 
syringae pv. striafaciens, Rathayibacter tritici , Xanthomonas campestris pv. undulosa ) and 
virus ( High plains virus ); 
OR 
ii) produced in a ‘pest free place of production’ free from the named regulated bacteria 
(Pseudomonas syringae  pv. striafaciens, Rathayibacter tritici, Xanthomonas campestris  
pv. undulosa ) and virus ( High plains virus )"; 
AND  
b) "The Hordeum seeds have been:  
i) produced in a “pest free area” free from the named regulated fungi ( Cephalosporium 
gramineum, Fusarium longipes )”; 
OR 
ii) “treated with one of the fungicide combinations in MPI approved treatm ents”;  
AND  
c) "The Hordeum  seeds have been:  
i) produced in a ‘pest free area’ free from Tilletia controversa”;  
OR 
ii) “produced in a ‘pest free place of production’ free from Tilletia controversa , and treated 
with one of the fungicide combinations in MPI approved treatments”;  Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing   Final  26 October 2022  
Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  77 of 176 OR  
iii) “had a representative sample of 600 seeds drawn from this consignment according to the 
International Seed Testing Association’s methodology and have been tested for Tilletia 
controversa , and treated with one of the fungicide comb inations in MPI approved 
treatments.”  
2.40.3  Testing requirements for Tilletia controversa  
(1) Testing is required to be completed offshore prior to export, or on arrival in New Zealand.  
(2) Pre-export testing for each seed lot must be endorsed by the NPPO on the phytos anitary certificate, or 
if tested on arrival in New Zealand, must be completed by an MPI -approved testing laboratory.  
 
Guidance  
•  Refer to Clause 1.11  of MPI Standard MPI-ABTRT  Approved Biosecurity Treatments . 
 
  Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing   Final  26 October 2022  
Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  78 of 176 Pest list for Hordeum  REGULATED PESTS (actionable)  
Insect      
 Insecta    
Blattodea   
   
Blattidae   
    
Blatta orientalis  oriental cockroach    
Coleoptera     
Curculionidae   
    
Caulophilus oryzae  broadnosed  grain weevil     
Dermestidae   
    
Trogoderma granarium  khapra beetle      
Trogoderma grassmani  trogoderma beetle      
Trogoderma inclusum  trogoderma beetle      
Trogoderma irroratum  trogoderma beetle      
Trogoderma ornatum  trogoderma beetle      
Trogoderma simplex  dermestid beetle      
Trogoderma sternale  dermestid beetle      
Trogoderma variabile  warehouse beetle     
Languriidae   
    
Pharaxonotha kirschii  mexican grain beetle     
Tenebrionidae   
    
Embaphion muricatum  false wireworm      
Latheticus oryzae  longheaded flour beetle      
Palorus ratzeburgi  smalleyed flour beetle      
Palorus subdepressus  depressed flour beetle      
Tribolium audax  american black flour beetle      
Tribolium destructor  dark flour beetle    
Lepidoptera   
   
Tineidae   
    
Haplotinea insectella  casemaking moth      
Tinea fictrix  casemaking moth  
Mite     
 
Arachnida    
  
Acarina   
   
Acaridae   
    
Acarophenax tribolii [Animals 
Biosecurity]  grain mite  
   
Eriophyidae   
    
Aceria tosichella  wheat curl mite      
Aceria tulipae [vector]  wheat curl mite     
Pyemotidae   
    
Pyemotes herfsi  straw itch mite  
Fungus     Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing   Final  26 October 2022  
Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  79 of 176  
Basidiomycota: Ustomycetes   
  
Tilletiaceae    
  Tilletia controversa  dwarf bunt  
Mitosporic fungi (Hyphomycetes)   
Hyphomycetales    
Moniliaceae      
Cephalosporium gramineum  stripe   
Tuberculariales    
Tuberculariaceae      
Fusarium longipes  fusarium head blight  
Bacterium     
  
Corynebacteriaceae      
Rathayibacter tritici  yellow ear rot    
Pseudomonadaceae      
Pseudomonas syringae pv. striafaciens  bacterial stripe blight      
Xanthomonas campestris pv. undulosa  leaf streak  
Virus      
    
High plains virus   
  Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing   Final  26 October 2022  
Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  80 of 176 2.41 Humulus  
The following requirements only apply to species in the Plant Biosecurity Index listed under Import 
Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Humulus lupulus ”. 
Approved countries:  All 
Quarantine pests:  Pseudoperonospora humuli, Verticillium albo -atrum  
Import permit:  Required  
PEQ:  Level 3B  
Minimum PEQ Period:  1 growing season  
Approved treatments : Not required  
Phytosanitary certificate:  Required  
2.41.1   Phytosanitary certificate  
(1) If satisfied that the pre -shipment activities have been undertaken, the exporting country NPPO must 
confirm this by providing the certifying statement as per Part 1.5.2 of this import health standard.  
  
Guidance  
• Positive internal controls and a negative plant control should be used.  
• Internal controls in PCR tests are important to avoid the risk of false negatives.  
• Prospective importers who wish to import eligible species of seed under this IHS schedule should 
contact MPI at PlantImports@mpi.govt.nz  well in advance of their intended import to discuss their 
importation plans and apply for an import permit. This is because MPI will need to undertake a risk 
assessment that could potentially lead to changes being  made to import requirements and this could 
lead to longer timeframes for issuance of a permit.  
  Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing   Final  26 October 2022  
Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  81 of 176 2.42 Juglans  
The following requirements only apply to species in the Plant Biosecurity Index listed under Import 
Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Juglans ”. 
Approved countries:  Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, 
Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Mexico, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, 
United Kingdom, United States of America  
Quarantine pests:  Gnomonia leptostyla , Pyralidae; Tortricidae; Trogoderma  spp., Cherry leaf roll virus  
Import permit:  Required  
PEQ: Level 1  
Minimum PEQ Period:  2 growing seasons  
Isolation:  50m exclusion area  
Phytosanitary certificate:  Required  
2.42.1  Approved treatments  
(1) All Juglans  seeds must be fumigated as per MPI Standard MPI-ABTRT  Approved Biosecurity 
Treatments . 
2.42.2   Phytosanitary certificate - Additional declarations  
(1) The exporting country  NPPO must confirm any treatment(s) as required by the IHS in the disinfestation 
and/or disinfection treatment section.  
(2) If satisfied that the pre -shipment activities have been undertaken, the exporting country NPPO must 
confirm this by providing the certi fying statement as per Part 1.5.2 of this import health standard and 
also the following additional declaration(s)  to the phytosanitary certificate:  
a) “The Juglans  seed have been:  
i) inspected during the growing season according to appropriate procedures, and no  
Gnomonia leptostyla  or Cherry leaf roll virus  was detected;  
OR 
ii) produced in an area where Gnomonia leptostyla  and Cherry leaf roll virus  are not known to 
occur”.  
AND  
b) “The seed was fumigated with methyl bromide at ___ pressure for ___ hours at ___ g/m³ at a 
temperature of ___ °C ”; 
 
Guidance  
• Refer to Clause 1.11  of MPI Standard MPI-ABTRT  Approved Biosecurity Treatments . 
• Prospective importers who wish to import eligible species of seed under this IHS schedule should 
contact MPI at PlantImports@mpi.govt.nz  well in advance of their intended import to discuss their 
importation p lans and apply for an import permit. This is because MPI will need to undertake a risk 
assessment that could potentially lead to changes being made to import requirements and this could 
lead to longer timeframes for issuance of a permit.  Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing   Final  26 October 2022  
Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  82 of 176 2.43 Lablab  
The follow ing requirements only apply to species in the Plant Biosecurity Index listed under Import 
Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Lablab ”. 
Approved countries:  All 
Quarantine pests:  Earias vitella, Maruca testulali, Trogoderma  spp. 
Import permit:  Not required  
PEQ : Not required  
Approved treatment : Not required  
Phytosanitary certificate:  Required  
For seed in pods:  
2.43.1   Phytosanitary certificate - Additional declaration  
(1) If satisfied that the pre -shipment activities have been undertaken, the exporting country NPPO must 
confirm this by providing the certifying statement as per Part 1.5.2 of this import health standard and 
also the following additional declaration(s)  to the phytosanitary certificate:  
a) “The pods were inspected before export and no caterpillars of Earias vitella  or Maruca testulalis  
were found in a 600 unit sample”.  
 
  Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing   Final  26 October 2022  
Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  83 of 176 2.44 Lavandula  
The following requirements only apply to species in the Plant Biosecurity Index listed under Import 
Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under under Lavandula ”. 
Approved countries:  All 
Quarantine pests:  Coniothyrium lavandulae, Phoma lavandulae  
Import  permit:  Not Required  
PEQ : Not required  
Phytosanitary certificate:  Required  
2.44.1  Approved treatments  
(1) All Lavandula  seeds must be treated as per MPI Standard MPI-ABTRT  Approved Biosecurity 
Treatments . 
2.44.2   Phytosanitary certificate - Additional declaration  
(1) The exporting country NPPO must confirm any treatment(s) as required by the IHS in the disinfestation 
and/or disinfection treatment section.  
(2) If satisfied that the pre -shipment activities have been unde rtaken, the exporting country NPPO must 
confirm this by providing the certifying statement as per Part 1.5.2 of this import health standard and 
also the following additional declaration(s)  to the phytosanitary certificate:  
a) “The Lavandula seeds have been:  
i) produced in a ‘pest free area’, free from  Coniothyrium lavandulae  and Phoma lavandulae   
OR 
ii) produced in a ‘pest free place of production’, free from  Coniothyrium lavandulae  or Phoma 
lavandulae”.  
 
Guidance  
• Refer to Clause 1.11  of MPI Standard MPI-ABTRT  Approved Biosecurity Treatments . 
 
  Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing   Final  26 October 2022  
Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  84 of 176 2.45 Lens  
The following requirements only apply to species in the Plant Biosecurity Index listed under Import 
Specifications for Seed as “se e 155.02.05 under Lens ”. 
Approved countries:  All 
Quarantine pests:  Trogoderma granarium  
Import permit: Not Required  
PEQ : Not required  
Approved treatment : Not required  
Phytosanitary certificate:  Required  
2.45.1   Phytosanitary certificate - Additional declaration  
(1) If satisfied that the pre -shipment activities have been undertaken, the exporting country NPPO must 
confirm this by providing the certifying statement as per Part 1.5.2 of this import health standard and 
also the following additional declaration(s)  to the phytosanitary certificate:  
a) “The Lens  seeds have been inspected in accordance with appropriate official procedures and 
found to be free of Trogoderma granarium” . 
OR 
b) “Trogoderma granarium ” is absent/not kno wn to occur in   (name of country)  
 
   Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing   Final  26 October 2022  
Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  85 of 176 2.46 Linum usitatissimum  
The following requirements only apply to species in the Plant Biosecurity Index listed under Import 
Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Linum usitatissimum ”. 
Approved countries:  All 
Quarantine pests:  None  
Import permit:  Permit not required   
PEQ: Not required.  
Approved treatments : Not required  
Phytosanitary certificate:  Required  
2.46.1  Phytosanitary certificate  
(1) If satisfied that the pre -shipment activities have been undertaken, the exporting country NPPO must 
confirm this by providing the certifying statement as per Part 1.5.2 of this import health standard.  
2.46.2   GM seed declaration  
(1) There are no specific requirements for Linum usitatissimum  seeds except for the following GM event 
which is prohibited entry to New Zealand without HSNO approval by  the EPA:  
a) Linum usitatissimum  var. FP967 (CDC Triffid).  
(2) Importers are required to comply with one of the two options listed below:  
Option 1:  
a) a declaration signed by the exporter and importer must accompany the consignment declaring 
that the consignment do es not contain GM seeds (refer to Appendix 3: Declaration form ).  
Option 2:  
b) samples must be representatively sampled, tested, and found to be free of unapproved GM seed 
according to the MPI Protocol for Testing for the Presence of Genetically Modified Pla nt Material 
(refer to Part 1.5.3 Genetically modified testing certificate  in this IHS).   Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing   Final  26 October 2022  
Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  86 of 176 2.47 Lithocarpus densiflorus  
The following requirements only apply to species in the Plant Biosecurity Index listed under Import 
Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 u nder Lithocarpus densiflorus ”. 
Approved countries:  Australia, Canada, Germany, India, Israel, Japan, Mexico, Tunisia, United Kingdom, 
United States of America  
Quarantine pests:  Ceratocystis fagacearum , Tortricidae  
Import permit:  Required  
PEQ:  Level 1  
Isolation:  50 m  
Phytosanitary certificate:  Required  
2.47.1  Approved Treatments  
(1) All Lithocarpus densiflorus  seeds must be treated as per MPI Standard MPI-ABTRT  Approved 
Biosecurity Treatments . 
2.47.2   Phytosanitary certificate - Additional declarations  
(1) The exporting country NPPO must confirm any treatment(s) as required by the IHS in the disinfestation 
and/or disinfection treatment section.  
(2) If satisfied that the pre -shipment activities have been under taken, the exporting country NPPO must 
confirm this by providing the certifying statement as per Part 1.5.2 of this import health standard and 
also the following additional declaration(s)  to the phytosanitary certificate:  
a) “The Lithocarpus densiflorus  seed has been:  
i)  collected from trees that have been officially inspected for disease caused by Ceratocystis 
fagacearum  and no disease was detected;  
OR 
ii) produced in an area where Ceratocystis fagacearum  is not known to occur”.  
 
Guidance  
• Refer to Clause 1.11  of MPI Standard MPI-ABTRT  Approved Biosecurity Treatments . 
• Prospective importers who wish to import eligible species of seed under this IHS schedule should 
contact MPI at PlantImports@mpi.govt.nz  well in advance of their intended import to discuss their 
importation plans and apply for an import permit. This is because MPI will need to undertake a risk 
assessment that could potentially lead to changes being made to import requirements and this coul d 
lead to longer timeframes for issuance of a permit.  
  Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing   Final  26 October 2022  
Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  87 of 176 2.48 Livistona  
The following requirements only apply to species in the Plant Biosecurity Index listed under Import 
Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Livistona ”. 
Approved countries:  All count ries except Guam, the Philippines and the Solomon Islands  
Quarantine pests:  Coconut cadang -cadang viroid  
Import permit: Not required  
PEQ : Not required  
Approved treatment : Not required  
Phytosanitary certificate:  Required  
2.48.1   Phytosanitary certificate - Additio nal declarations  
(1) If satisfied that the pre -shipment activities have been undertaken, the exporting country NPPO must 
confirm this by providing the certifying statement as per Part 1.5.2 of this import health standard and 
also the following additional decla ration(s)  to the phytosanitary certificate:  
a) “The Livistona seeds have been produced in an approved country and have not been produced 
in Guam, the Philippines or the Solomon Islands”.  
AND  
b) “The Livistona  seeds have been produced in a ‘pest free area’ free f rom Coconut cadang -cadang 
viroid” . 
 
   Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing   Final  26 October 2022  
Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  88 of 176 2.49 Lophophora williamsii  
The following requirements only apply to species in the Plant Biosecurity Index listed under Import 
Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Lophophora williamsii ”. 
Approved countries:  All 
Quarantine pests:  None  
Import permit:  Required  
PEQ : Not required  
Approved treatments : Not required  
Phytosanitary certificate:  Required  
2.49.1  Phytosanitary certificate  
If satisfied that the pre -shipment activities have been undertaken, the exporting country NPPO must confirm 
this by providing the certifying statement as per Part 1.5.2 of this import health standard.  
 
Guidance  
• Importers of Lophophora williamsii  must contact Medsafe before  importation for advice on licensing:  
Medicines Control  
Medsafe  
Email: medicine scontrol@health.govt.nz   
Phone: (04) 816 2444  
• Prospective importers who wish to import eligible species of seed under this IHS schedule should 
contact MPI at PlantImports@mpi.govt.nz  well in advance of their intended import to discuss their 
importation plans and apply for an import permit. This is because MPI will need to undertake a risk 
assessment that could potentially lead to changes being made to import requirements and this could 
lead to longer timeframe s for issuance of a permit.  
 
 
  Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing   Final  26 October 2022  
Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  89 of 176 2.50 Lotus  
The following requirements only apply to species in the Plant Biosecurity Index listed under Import 
Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Lotus ”. 
Approved Countries:  All 
Quarantine pests:  Trogoderma  spp. 
Import permit: Not required  
PEQ : Not required  
Approved treatment : Not required  
Phytosanitary certificate:  Required  
2.50.1   Phytosanitary certificate - Additional declaration  
If satisfied that the pre -shipment activities have been undertaken, the exporting country NPPO must confirm 
this by providing the certifying statement as per Part 1.5.2 of this import health standard .   Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing   Final  26 October 2022  
Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  90 of 176 2.51 Macadamia  
The following requirements only apply to species in the Plant Biosecurity Index listed under Import 
Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Macadamia ”. 
Approved countries:  All 
Quarantine pests:  Cryptophlebia ombrodelta, Deudorix epijarbas, Dichocrocis punctiferalis  
Import permit: Not required  
PEQ : Not required  
Phytosanitary certificate:  Required  
2.51.1  Approved treatments  
(1) All Macadamia  seeds must be fumigated as per MPI Standard MPI-ABTRT  Approved Biosecurity 
Treatments . 
2.51.2   Phytosanitary certificate - Additional declaration  
(1) The exporting country NPPO must confirm any treatment(s) as required by the IHS in the disinfestation 
and/or disinfection treatment section.  
(2) If satisfied that the pre -shipment activities have been undertaken, the exporting country NPPO must 
confirm this b y providing the certifying statement as per Part 1.5.2 of this import health standard.  
a) “The Macadamia  seed was fumigated with methyl bromide at ______ pressure for ___ hours at 
___ g/m³ at a temperature of ___ °C  “;  
 
Guidance  
• Refer to Clause 1.11  of MPI Standard MPI-ABTRT  Approved Biosecurity Treatments . 
  Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing   Final  26 October 2022  
Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  91 of 176 2.52 Malus  
These requirements only apply to species in the Plant Biosecurity Index listed under Import Specifications for 
Seed as “see 155.02.05  under Malus ”. 
Approved countries:  All 
Quarantine pests:  Apple scar skin viroid, Monilinia fructigena, Tomato bushy stunt virus  
Import permit:  Required  
PEQ : Level 2. Herbaceous indexing and PCR testing must be completed, and if seedlings have tested 
negative, they may be transferred to Level 1 PEQ for woody indexing.  
Approved treatments : Not required  
Phytosanitary certificate:  Required  
2.52.1   Phytosanitary certificate  
(1) If satisfied that the pre -shipment activities have been undertaken, the exporting country  NPPO must 
confirm this by providing the certifying statement as per Part 1.5.2 of this import health standard.  
2.52.2  Inspection and testing requirements  
Organism  MPI acceptable detection methods (listed below)  
Apple scar skin viroid  PCR and woody indexing  
Monilinia fructigena  Growing season inspection in PEQ for disease symptom expression  
Tomato bushy stunt virus  PCR and herbaceous Indexing  
(1) Tests are to be carried out on plants germinated from the imported seeds.  
(2) The quarantine period will begin once the plants have entered a period of active growth and have two 
fully expanded leaves.  
(3) Virus testing is to be conducted on new spring growth. Vi roid testing is to be done during the summer 
period. For each Malus  plant, at least two fully -expanded leaves must be sampled from different 
branches of the main stem, one a younger leaf and one an older leaf.  
(4) Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) tests. All PCR  tests must be validated using positive and negative 
controls prior to use in quarantine testing. Positive and negative controls must be used in all tests. 
Internal control primers to check the PCR competency of the samples and a negative plant control 
should also be used in PCR tests.  
(5) Herbaceous indexing will use the indicators Chenopodium quinoa  and Nicotiana clevelandii (Nc).   
(6) Woody Indexing will use one of the indicators Malus  x domestica  ‘Golden Delicious’ or ‘Red Delicious’ 
Delicious’.  
(7) Inspection of t he Malus plants by the Operator of the PEQ facility for signs of pest and disease must be 
at least twice per week for the first 3 months of active growth, and during spring and autumn. All other 
times of active growth (summer), plants should be inspected o nce per week. A record of inspections 
carried out by the Operator is to be kept and made available to the MPI Inspector on request.  
 Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing   Final  26 October 2022  
Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  92 of 176 Guidance  
• Seedlings will be inspected and tested for regulated pests at the expense of the importer. The 
quarantine period may be extended if material is slow growing, pests are detected, or further testing is 
required.  
• Positive internal controls and a negative plant control should be used.  
• Internal controls in PCR tests are important to avoid the risk of false negatives.  
• Prospective importers who wish to import eligible species of seed under this IHS schedule should 
contact MPI at PlantImports@mpi.govt.nz  well in advance of their intended import to discuss th eir 
importation plans and apply for an import permit. This is because MPI will need to undertake a risk 
assessment that could potentially lead to changes being made to import requirements and this could 
lead to longer timeframes for issuance of a permit.  
  Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing   Final  26 October 2022  
Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  93 of 176 2.53 Mangifera  
The following requirements only apply to species in the Plant Biosecurity Index listed under Import 
Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Mangifera ”. 
Approved countries:  All 
Quarantine pests: Sternochetus mangiferae, Xanthomonas campe stris pv. mangiferae -indicae  
Import permit: Required  
PEQ:  Level 1  
Minimum period:  2 growing seasons  
Isolation:  50 m exclusion area  
Approved treatment : Not required  
Phytosanitary certificate:  Required  
2.53.1   Phytosanitary certificate - Additional declaration  
(1) If satisfied that the pre -shipment activities have been undertaken, the exporting country NPPO must 
confirm this by providing the certifying statement as per Part 1.5.2 of this import health standard and 
also the following additional declaration(s)  to the phyt osanitary certificate:  
a) “The Mangifera seeds have been collected from trees which were inspected during the growing 
season and Xanthomonas campestris  pv. mangiferae -indicae  was not detected”.  
 
Guidance  
• Prospective importers who wish to import eligible species of seed under this IHS schedule should 
contact MPI at PlantImports@mpi.govt.nz  well in advance of their intended import to discuss their 
importation p lans and apply for an import permit. This is because MPI will need to undertake a risk 
assessment that could potentially lead to changes being made to import requirements and this could 
lead to longer timeframes for issuance of a permit.  
  Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing   Final  26 October 2022  
Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  94 of 176 2.54 Medicago  
The following requirements only apply to species in the Plant Biosecurity Index listed under Import 
Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Medicago ”. 
Approved countries:  All 
Quarantine pests:  Pea early browning virus, Peanut stunt virus, Trogoderm a granarium, Xanthomonas 
campestris  pv. alfalfae . 
Import Permit:  Permit not required, unless seeds are to be grown in PEQ.  
PEQ :  Not required, unless imported under options 2.2.2 or 2.2.3 of the MPI Protocol  for Testing for the 
Presence of Genetically Modified Plant Material.  
Approved treatment : Not required  
Phytosanitary certificate:  Required  
2.54.1   Phytosanitary certificate - Additional declarations  
(1) If satisfied that the pre -shipment activities have been undertaken, the exporting country NPPO must 
confirm this by providing the certifying statement as per Part 1.5.2 of this import health standa rd and 
also the following additional declaration(s)  to the phytosanitary certificate:  
a) “The Medicago  seeds have been inspected in accordance with appropriate official procedures 
and found to be free of Trogoderma granarium”.  
OR 
b) “Trogoderma granarium ” is absent/not known to occur in   (name of country)  
AND  
c) “The Medicago  seeds have been:  
i) produced in a ‘pest free area’ free from Pea early browning virus , Peanut stunt virus  and 
Xanthomonas campestris  pv. alfalfae ; 
OR 
ii) produced in a ‘pest free place of production’ free from Pea early browning virus, Peanut 
stunt virus  and Xanthomonas campestris  pv. alfalfae ”. 
2.54.2   GM seed testing  
(1) In addition to the phytosanitary requirements above, all consignments of Medicago sativa  (lucer ne/ 
alfalfa) are required to be representatively sampled, tested, and found to be free of unapproved GM 
seed according to the MPI Protocol for Testing for the Presence of Genetically Modified Plant Material 
(refer to Part 1.5. 3: Genetically Modified Testi ng Certificate ).  
 
Guidance  
• The MPI Protocol for Testing for the Presence of Genetically Modified Plant Material can be found at 
https ://www.mpi.govt.nz/document -vault/10250   
• More information o n genetically modified seeds can also be found at 
https://www.mpi.govt.nz/importing/plants/seeds -for-sowing/genetically -modified -seeds/   
  Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing   Final  26 October 2022  
Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  95 of 176 2.55 Myrtaceae  
The following requirements only apply to species in the Plant Biosecurity Index listed under Import 
Specifications for Seed for Sowing IHS “see 155.02.05 under Myrtaceae ”. 
Approved countries:  All 
Quarantine pests : Austropuccinia psidii  (formerly Puccinia psidii  or Uredo rangelii)  
Import permit : Not required  
PEQ : Not required  
Phytosanitary certificate:  Required  
2.55.1  Approved treatments  
(1) In lieu of country freedom for Austropuccinia psidii  all Myrtaceae  seeds must be treated as per MPI 
Standard MPI-ABTRT  Approved Biosecurity Treatments . 
2.55.2  Phytosanitary certificate – Additional declarations  
(1) The required additional declarations must be endorsed in full on the phytosanitary certificate, no 
variation s in the wording will be accepted by MPI, with exception of translation artefacts.  
(2) The exporting country NPPO must confirm any treatment(s) as required by the IHS in the disinfestation 
and/or disinfection treatment section.  
(3) If satisfied that the pre -shipme nt activities have been undertaken, the exporting country NPPO must 
confirm this by providing the certifying statement as per Part 1.5.2 of this Import Health Standard and 
also the following additional declaration(s)  to the phytosanitary certificate:  
a) “Aust ropuccinia psidii  is absent in ____________ (name of country)”  
 OR 
b) The Myrtaceae  seeds must be treated with one of the approved fungicide combinations as per 
MPI Standard MPI-ABTRT  Approved Biosecurity Treatments . 
 
Guidance  
• Refer to Clause 1.11  of MPI Standard MPI-ABTRT  Approved Biosecurity Treatments . 
  Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing   Final  26 October 2022  
Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  96 of 176 2.56 Nicotiana tabacum  
The following requirements only apply to species in the Plant Biosecurity Index listed under Import 
Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Nicotiana tabacum ”. 
Approved countries:  All 
Quarantine pests:  Peronospora tabacina  
Phytosanitary certificate : Required  
(1) Importers must comply with one of the three options listed below:  
2.56.1  Option 1: Offshore measure  
Import Permit : Not required  
PEQ : Not required  
Approved treatment  
a) All Nicotiana tabacum  seeds must be treated as per MPI Standard MPI-ABTRT  Approved 
Biosecurity Treatments . 
Phytosanitary certificate – Additional declarations:  
a) The exporting country NPPO must confirm any treatment(s) as required by the IHS in the 
disinfestation and/or disinfection treatment section.  
b) If satisfied that the pre -shipment activities have been undertaken, the exporting country NPPO 
must confirm this by providing the certifying statement as per Part 1.5.2 of this import health 
standard and also the following a dditional declaration to the phytosanitary certificate:  
i) “The Nicotiana tabacum seed in this consignment have been inspected during the growing 
season and no Peronospora tabacini  was detected”;  
OR 
ii) “produced in an area where Peronospora tabacini  is not known to occur”.  
2.56.2  Option 2: Onshore measure  
Import Permit : Not required  
PEQ : Not required  
Approved treatment  
a) All Nicotiana tabacum  seeds must be treated as per MPI Standard MPI-ABTRT  Approved 
Biosecurity Treatments . 
Phytosanitary certificate  
a) If satisfied that the pre -shipment activities have been undertaken, the exporting country NPPO 
must confirm this by providing the certifying statement as per Part 1.5.2 of this import health 
standard . 
Phytosanitary requirements  
a) All seeds must be imported untreated and tested at an MPI-approved testing laboratory  for 
Peronospora tabacini prior to any treatment occurring.  
b) Only seeds tested and found free from Peronospora tabacini will be treated with o ne of the 
fungicide combinations in the MPI approved treatments prior to biosecurity clearance.  Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing   Final  26 October 2022  
Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  97 of 176 2.56.3  Option 3: Onshore measure  
Import Permit : Required  
PEQ : Level 3B  
Minimum PEQ period : 1 growing season  
Approved treatment : Not required  
Phytosanitary certificate  
a) If satisfied that the pre -shipment activities have been undertaken, the exporting country NPPO 
must confirm this by providing the certifying statement as per Part 1.5.2 of this import health 
standard.  
 
Guidance  
• Refer to Clause 1.1 1 of MPI Standard MPI-ABTRT  Approved Biosecurity Treatments . 
  Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing   Final  26 October 2022  
Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  98 of 176 2.57 Oxyria  
The following requirements only apply to species in the Plant Biosecurity Index listed under Import 
Specifications for See d as “see 155.02.05 under Oxyria ”. 
Approved countries:  All 
Quarantine pests:  Ustilago vinosa  
Import permit: Not required  
PEQ : Not required  
Phytosanitary certificate:  Required  
2.57.1  Approved treatments  
(1) All Oxyria  seeds must be treated as per MPI Standard MPI-ABTRT  Approved Biosecurity Treatments . 
2.57.2   Phytosanitary certificate  
(1) The exporting country NPPO must confirm any treatment(s) as required by the IHS  in the disinfestation 
and/or disinfection treatment section.  
(2) If satisfied that the pre -shipment activities have been undertaken, the exporting country NPPO must 
confirm this by providing the certifying statement as per Part 1.5.2 of this import health st andard.  
 
Guidance  
• Refer to Clause 1.11  of MPI Standard MPI-ABTRT  Approved Biosecurity Treatments . 
  Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing   Final  26 October 2022  
Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  99 of 176 2.58 Panicum  
The following requirements only apply to species in the Plant Biosecurity Index list ed under Import 
Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Panicum ”. 
Approved countries:  All 
Quarantine pests : Trogoderma  spp., Ustilaginales  
Import permit: Not required  
PEQ : Not required  
Phytosanitary certificate:  Required  
2.58.1  Approved treatments  
(1) All Panicum  seeds must be treated as per MPI Standard MPI-ABTRT  Approved Biosecurity 
Treatments . 
2.58.2   Phytosanitary certificate - Additional declaration  
(1) The exporting country NPPO must c onfirm any treatment(s) as required by the IHS in the disinfestation 
and/or disinfection treatment section.  
(2) If satisfied that the pre -shipment activities have been undertaken, the exporting country NPPO must 
confirm this by providing the certifying statem ent as per Part 1.5.2 of this import health standard . 
  
Guidance  
• Refer to Clause 1.11  of MPI Standard MPI-ABTRT  Approved Biosecurity Treatments . 
 
  Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing   Final  26 October 2022  
Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  100 of 176 2.59 Papaver somniferum  
The following requirements only apply to species in the Plant Biosecurity Index listed under Import 
Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Papaver somniferum ”. 
Approved countries:  All 
Quarantine pests : None  
Import permit : Not required  
PEQ:  Not required  
Approved treatment : Not required  
Phytosanitary certificate:  Required  
2.59.1  Phytosanitary certificate  
(1) If satisfied that the pre -shipment activities have been undertaken, the exporting country NPPO must 
confirm this by providing the certifying statem ent as per Part 1.5.2 of this import health standard.  
 
Guidance  
• Importers of Papaver somniferum  must obtain written approval from Medsafe before  importation . 
Medicines Control  
Medsafe  
Email: medicinescontrol@health.govt.nz   
Phone: (04) 816 2444  
  Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing   Final  26 October 2022  
Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  101 of 176 2.60 Persea  
The following requirements only apply to species in the Plant Biosecurity Index listed under Import 
Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Persea ”. 
Approved countries:  USA  
Quarantine pests: Avocado sunblotch viroid , Blackstreak  
Import permit:  Requ ired 
PEQ:  Level 3B  
Minimum PEQ period:  1 growing season  
Approved treatment : Not required  
Phytosanitary certificate:  Required  
2.60.1   Phytosanitary certificate  
(1) If satisfied the pre -shipment activities have been undertaken, the exporting country NPPO must 
confirm t his by providing the certifying statement as per Part 1.5.2 of this import health standard.  
 
Guidance  
• Prospective importers who wish to import eligible species of seed under this IHS schedule should 
contact MPI at PlantImports@mpi.govt.nz  well in advance of their intended import to discuss their 
importation plans and apply for an import permit. This is because MPI will need to undertake a risk 
assessment that could potentially lead to changes being made to imp ort requirements and this could 
lead to longer timeframes for issuance of a permit.  
  Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing   Final  26 October 2022  
Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  102 of 176 2.61 Petunia  
These requirements only apply to species in the Plant Biosecurity Index listed under Import Specifications for 
Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Petunia ”.  
Approved countries:  All  
Quarantine pests : Potato spindle tuber viroid , Tomato chlorotic dwarf viroid  
Import Permit:  Permit not required, unless seeds are to be grown in PEQ.  
PEQ : Not required, unless imported under options 2.2.2 or 2.2.3 of the MPI Protocol  for Testing for the 
Presence of Genetically Modified Plant Material.  
Approved treatment : Not required  
Phytosanitary certificate:  Required  
2.61.1   Phytosanitary requirements  
(1) If satisfied that th e pre -shipment activities have been undertaken, the exporting country NPPO must 
confirm this by providing the certifying statement as per Part 1.5.2 of this import health standard and also 
the following additional declaration(s) to the phytosanitary certif icate:  
a) “The [insert species name] seeds for sowing have been:  
i) produced in a ‘pest free area’ free from Potato spindle tuber viroid;  
OR 
ii) produced in a ‘pest free place of production’, where parent plants have been tested 
according to a NPPO approved methodology and found free from Potato spindle tuber 
viroid;  
OR 
iii) officially tested, on a representative sample of a minimum of 3000 seeds offici ally drawn 
according to the ISTA or AOSA sampling methodology using a NPPO approved PCR 
testing method, and found to be free from Potato spindle tuber viroid ”. 
b) “The [insert species name] seeds for sowing have been:  
i) produced in a ‘pest free area’ free from  Tomato chlorotic dwarf viroid;  
OR 
ii) produced in a ‘pest free place of production’, where parent plants have been tested 
according to a NPPO approved methodology and found free from Tomato chlorotic dwarf 
viroid;  
OR 
iii) officially tested, on a representative sample of a minimum of 3000 seeds offi cially drawn 
according to the ISTA or AOSA sampling methodology using a NPPO approved PCR 
testing method, and found to be free from Tomato chlorotic dwarf viroid ”. 
(2) The full scientific name of the Petunia  species and variety must be specified on the phytosa nitary 
certificate.  
2.61.2   GM seed testing  
(1) For all lots of Petunia , in addition to the phytosanitary requirements above, importers are required to 
comply with one of  the two options listed below:  Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing   Final  26 October 2022  
Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  103 of 176 Option 1:  
a) a declaration signed by the exporter and importer mus t accompany the consignment 
declaring that the consignment does not contain GM seeds (refer to Appendix 3: 
Declaration form).  
Option 2:  
b) samples from each lot must be representatively sampled, tested, and found to be free of 
unapproved GM seed according to  the MPI Protocol for Testing for the Presence of 
Genetically Modified Plant Material (refer to Part 1.5.3 Genetically modified testing 
certificate in this IHS). Every lot tested must be specified on the testing certificate.  
2.61.3   Testing requirements  
(1) Testing i s required to be completed offshore prior to export, or on arrival in New Zealand.  
(2) Pre-export testing for each seed lot must be endorsed by the NPPO on the phytosanitary certificate, or 
if tested on arrival in New Zealand, must be completed by an MPI -appro ved testing laboratory.  
(3) Testing on -shore will be performed using an MPI -approved testing method.  
 
Guidance  
• The MPI Protocol for Testing for the Presence of Genetically Modified Plant Material can be found at 
https ://www.mpi.govt.nz/document -vault/10250   
• More information on genetically modified seeds  can also be found at 
https://www.mpi.govt.nz/importing/plants/seeds -for-sowing/genetically -modified -seeds/   
 
  Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing   Final  26 October 2022  
Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  104 of 176 2.62 Phaseolus  
The following requirements o nly apply to species in the Plant Biosecurity Index listed under Import 
Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Phaseolus ”. 
Approved countries:  Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, 
Ireland, Italy, Luxembou rg, the Netherlands, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, the United Kingdom and the United 
States of America.  
Quarantine pests:  Refer to “Pest list for Phaseolus”.  
Import permit : Not required  
PEQ : Not required  
Phytosanitary certificate:  Required  
2.62.1  Approved treatments  
(1) In lieu of pest free area for Cochliobolus miyabeanus, Elsinoe phaseoli, and Phoma exigua  var. 
diversispora  all Phaseolus  seeds must be treated as per MPI Standard MPI-ABTRT  Approved 
Biosecurit y Treatments . 
2.62.2   Phytosanitary certificate - Additional declarations  
(1) The exporting country NPPO must confirm any treatment(s) as required by the IHS in the disinfestation 
and/or disinfection treatment section.  
(2) If satisfied that the pre -shipment activities have been undertaken, the exporting country NPPO must 
confirm this by providing the certifying statement as per Part 1.5.2 of this import health standard and 
also the following additional declaration(s) to the phytosanitary certificate:  
The Phaseolus seeds have been:  
a) For Curtobacterium flaccumfaciens pv. flaccumfaciens : 
i) produced in a ‘pest free area’ free from  Curtobacterium flaccumfaciens pv. flaccumfacien s. 
OR 
ii) produced in a ‘pest free place of production’  free from Curtobacterium flaccumfaciens pv. 
flaccumfaciens . 
OR 
iii) officially tested on a representative sample of a minimum of 4000 seeds officially drawn 
according to the ISTA or AOSA sampling methodology using an NPPO - approved  testing 
method ology , and  found to be free from Curtobacterium flaccumfaciens pv. 
flaccumfaciens . 
AND  
b) For Bean common mosaic virus [blackeye cowpea mosaic strain]  and Southern bean mosaic 
virus : 
i) produced in a ‘pest free area’ free from Bean common mosaic virus [blackeye cowpea 
mosaic strain]  and Southern bean mosaic virus . 
OR 
ii) produced in a ‘pest free place of production’ free from Bean common mosaic virus 
[blackeye cowpea mosaic strain]  and Southern bean mosaic virus . Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing   Final  26 October 2022  
Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  105 of 176 OR 
iii) officially tested on a representative sample of a minimum of 2000 seeds officially drawn 
according to the ISTA or AOSA sampling methodology using an NPPO - approved testing 
methodology, and found to be free from Bean common mosaic virus [blackeye cowpea 
mosaic strain]  and Southern bean mosaic virus . 
AND  
c) For Cochliobo lus miyabeanus, Elsinoe phaseoli  and Phoma exigua  var. diversispora  
i) produced in a ‘pest free area’ free from Cochliobolus miyabeanus, Elsinoe phaseoli  and 
Phoma exigua  var. diversispora . 
OR 
ii) “treated with one of the fungicide combinations in MPI approved treatments . 
2.62.3  Testing requirements  
(1) Testing is required to  be completed offshore, prior to  export.  
(2) Pre-export testing for each seed lot must be endorsed by the NPPO on the phytosanitary certificate.  
 
Guidance  
• Refer to Clause 1.11  of MPI standard MPI-ABTRT  Approved Biosecurity Treatments . 
  Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing   Final  26 October 2022  
Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  106 of 176 Pest list for Phaseolus  REGULATED PESTS (actionable)  
Insect     
 
Insecta    
Coleoptera   
   
Bostrichidae   
    
Prostephanus truncatus  larger grain borer     
Bruchidae   
    
Acanthoscelides argillaceus  bean weevil      
Acanthoscelides obvelatus  bruchid beetle      
Bruchidius atrolineatus  seed beetle      
Bruchidius incarnatus  seed beetle      
Bruchus pisorum  pea weevil      
Callosobruchus analis  cowpea weevil      
Callosobruchus maculatus  cowpea weevil      
Callosobruchus phaseoli  cowpea weevil      
Zabrotes subfasciatus  mexican bean weevil    
Lepidoptera   
   
Pyralidae   
    
Etiella grisea  pod borer      
Etiella  grisea drososcia  pod borer      
Etiella zinckenella  limabean pod borer     
Tortricidae   
    
Cydia fabivora  pod moth      
Matsumuraeses phaseoli  adzuki pod worm  
Fungus     
 
Ascomycota   
 
Dothideales    
Elsinoaceae      
Elsinoe phaseoli  scab    
Pleosporaceae      
Cochliobolus miyabeanus (anamorph 
Bipolaris oryzae)   
    
mitosporic fungi (Coelomycetes)   
 
Sphaeropsidales    
Sphaerioidaceae      
Phoma exigua var. diversispora  ascochyta leaf spot  
Bacterium     
  
Corynebacteriaceae      
Curtobacterium flaccumfaciens pv. 
flaccumfaciens  bacterium wilt  
Virus      
    
Bean common mosaic virus [blackeye 
cowpea mosaic strain]   
    
Southern bean mosaic virus    Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing   Final  26 October 2022  
Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  107 of 176 2.63 Phoenix  
The following requirements only apply to species in the Plant Biosecurity Index listed under Import 
Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Phoenix ”. 
Approved countries : All countries except Guam, the Philippines and the Solomon Islands  
Quarantine pests : Coconut cadang -cadang viroid, Fusarium oxysporum  f. sp. c anariensis  
Import permit: Not required  
PEQ : Not required  
Approved treatments : Not required  
Phytosanitary certificate:  Required  
2.63.1   Phytosanitary certificate - Additional declarations  
(1) If satisfied that the pre -shipment activities have been undertaken, the exporting country NPPO must 
confirm this by providing the certifying statement as per Part 1.5.2 of this import health standard and  
also the following additional declaration(s)  to the phytosanitary certificate:  
a) “The Phoenix  seeds have been produced in an approved country and have not been produced in 
Guam, the Philippines or the Solomon Islands”.  
(2) If the consignment contains Phoenix c anariensis, Phoenix dactylifera or Phoenix reclinata seeds:  
a) “The Phoenix  seeds have been produced in a ‘pest free area’ free from Fusarium oxysporum  f. 
sp. c anariensis” . 
  Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing   Final  26 October 2022  
Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  108 of 176 2.64 Pinus  
The following requirements only apply to species in the Plant Biosecurity Inde x listed under Import 
Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Pinus ”. 
Approved countries:  All 
Quarantine pests:  Refer to “Pest list for Pinus.”  
Import permit:  Required only for seeds produced in areas not known to be free from Fusarium circinatum.  
PEQ : Level 3B - Required only for seeds produced in areas not known to be free from Fusarium circinatum . 
Phytosanitary certificate:  Required  
2.64.1  Approved Treatments  
(1) All Pinus seeds must be treated as per MPI Standard MPI-ABTRT  Approved Biosecurity Treatments . 
2.64.2   Phytosanitary certificate - Additional declarations  
(1) The exporting country NPPO must confirm any treatment(s) as required by the IHS in the disinfestation 
and/or disinfection treatment section.  
(2) If satisfied that the pre -shipment activities have been undertaken, the exporting country NPPO must 
confirm this b y providing the certifying statement as per Part 1.5.2 of this import health standard and 
also the following additional declaration(s)  to the phytosanitary certificate:  
a) “The Pinus  seeds have been:  
i) officially inspected during the growing season according to  appropriate procedures and no 
Dioryctria abietivorella  or Conophthorus coniperda  was detected.  
OR  
ii) inspected for evidence of the presence of insect pests and none was found”.  
AND  
b) “The Pinus  seeds have been treated with one of the fungicides in MPI approved treatments ”. 
AND  
c) For seeds produced in areas approved by MPI as being free of Fusarium circinatum  ONLY :  
i) “The Pinus  seeds have been produced in pest free areas that are, as verified by pe st 
surveillance methods, free from Fusarium circinatum  (syn. Fusarium subglutinans  f sp. 
pini)”.  
OR  
For seeds produced in areas not recogni sed by MPI as being free from Fusarium 
circinatum :  
ii) Import Permit:  Required  
PEQ : Level 3B  
Minimum Period : To be determined at the time of permit issuance.  
 
Guidance  
• A list of MPI approved pest free areas is provided using this link: Fusarium circinatum . Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing   Final  26 October 2022  
Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  109 of 176 2.64.3  Testing requirements  
(1) MPI will determine, via the requirements on a permit to import, the testing required for Pinus spp. 
seeds for sowing for quarantine pests. The quarantine period will vary depending on the pests that 
may be associated with the commodity and the tests requir ed. 
  Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing   Final  26 October 2022  
Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  110 of 176 Pest list for Pinus  REGULATED PESTS (actionable)  
Insect     
 
Insecta   
  
Coleoptera   
   
Anobiidae   
    
Ernobius punctulatus  borer     
Cerambycidae   
    
Xylotrechus schaefferi  longhorn beetle     
Curculionidae   
    
Conotrachelus neomexicanus  cone borer, curculio     
Scolytidae   
     
Conophthorus coniperda  white pine cone beetle       
Conophthorus ponderosae  lodgepole cone beetle       
Conophthorus resinosae  red pine cone beetle     
Diptera   
    
Cecidomyiidae   
     
Cecidomyia bisetosa  gall midge       
Resseliella silvana  gall midge     
Heteroptera   
    
Coreidae   
     
Lepispilus sulcicollis  seed eater       
Leptoglossus corculus  leaffooted pine seed bug       
Leptoglossus  occidentalis  coreid bug      
Scutelleridae   
     
Tetyra bipuctata  shield backed pine seed bug     
Hymenoptera   
    
Torymidae   
     
Megastigmus albifrons  seed chalcid     
Lepidoptera   
    
Pyralidae   
     
Dioryctria abietivorella  fir coneworm , pine knothorn moth       
Dioryctria amatella  southern pine coneworm       
Dioryctria auranticella  pyralid moth       
Dioryctria clarioralis  coneworm       
Dioryctria disclusa  webbing coneworm       
Dioryctria merkeli  loblolly pine coneworm       
Dioryctria rossi  cone borer, pyralid moth      
Tortricidae   
     
Commophila fuscodorsana  tortricid moth       
Cydia anaranjada  slash pine seedworm       
Cydia ingens  logleaf pine seed worm       
Cydia miscitata  cone borer, tortricid moth  Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing   Final  26 October 2022  
Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  111 of 176      
Cydia piperana  cone borer, ponderosa pine seed 
moth       
Cydia toreuta  cone borer, eastern pine 
seedworm   
Fungus     
  
Ascomycota   
   
Diaporthales   
    
Melanconidaceae   
     
Melanconis stilbostoma (anamorph  
Melanconium bicolor)  mould  
  
Dothideales     
Dothioraceae       
Sydowia polyspora (anamorph  
Sclerophoma pythiophila)  pine leaf blight, tip dieback  
   
Mycosphaerellaceae       
Mycosphaerella dearnessii 
(anamorph  
Lecanosticta acicola)  brown needle spot  
   
Pleosporaceae       
Setosphaeria rostrata (anamorph  
Exserohilum rostratum)  leaf blight, black mould  
  
Hypocreales     
Hypocreaceae       
Nectria inventa (anamorph  
Verticillium tenerum)  verticillium rot  
  
Pezizales     
Otideaceae       
Caloscypha  fulgens (anamorph  
Geniculodendron pyriforme)  cold fungus  
   
Pyronemataceae       
Pyronema omphalodes  mould   
Mitosporic fungi       
Coniosporium aterrimum  mould       
Lacellina graminicola  mould   
Mitosporic fungi (Coelomycetes)    
Sphaeropsidales     
Sphaerioidaceae       
Botryodiplodia acicola  mould       
Coniothyrium quercinum  mould   
Unknown (Coelomycetes)       
Melanconium apiocarpon  mould       
Pestalotia breviseta  mould       
Pestalotia foedans  mould       
Pestalotiopsis glandicola  mould       
Sirococcus conigenus  shoot blight  Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing   Final  26 October 2022  
Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  112 of 176  
Mitosporic Fungi (Hyphomycetes)    
Hyphomycetales     
Hyphomycetales       
Cladosporium cucumerinum  black mould       
Cladosporium naumovi  black mould       
Curvularia inaequalis  black mould       
Stemphylium piriforme  leaf mould     
Moniliaceae       
Acremonium subverticillatum  mould       
Aspergillus funiculosus  mould       
Penicillium arenarium  penicillium mould rot       
Penicillium aurantiogriseum  penicillium mould rot       
Penicillium brevicompactum  penicillium mould rot       
Penicillium canadense  penicillium mould rot       
Penicillium chrysogenum  penicillium mould rot       
Penicillium divergens  penicillium mould rot       
Penicillium fuscum  penicillium mould rot       
Penicillium gladioili  penicillium mould rot       
Penicillium oxalicum  penicillium mould rot       
Penicillium viridicatum  penicillium mould rot       
Torula convoluta  mould       
Verticillium albo -atrum  
[severe strain]  mould  
  
Tuberculariales     
Tuberculariaceae       
Fusarium arthrosporoides  dry rot       
Fusarium chlamydosporum  root and stem rot       
Fusarium circinatum (syn. Fusarium  
subglutinans f. sp. pini)  pine pitch canker  
     
Fusarium moniliforme var. 
intermedium  mould  
     
Fusarium polyphialidicum  fusarium mould   
Unknown (Hyphomycetes )      
Oidium verticilloides  mould   
Oomycota    
Pythiales     
Pythiaceae       
Pythium aphanidermatum  root and seed rot   
Zygomycota: Zygomycetes    
Mucorales     
Mucoraceae       
Mucor hiemalis  mucor fruit rot       
Mucor mucedo  mucor fruit rot       
Mucor plumbeus  mould  Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing   Final  26 October 2022  
Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  113 of 176      
Mucor racemosus  storage rot       
Mucor ramanianus  mould     
Syncephalastraceae       
Syncephalastrum racemosum  mould  
  Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing   Final  26 October 2022  
Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  114 of 176 2.65 Pisum  
The following requirements only apply to species in the Plant Biosecurity Index listed under Import 
Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Pisum ”. 
Approved countries:  Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, 
Germany, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Taiwan, 
the United Kingdom and the United States of America.  
Quarantine pests:  Refer to “Pest list for Pisum”.  
Import permit:  Not required  
PEQ : Not required  
Phyt osanitary certificate:  Required  
2.65.1  Approved Fumigation treatment  
(1) All lots of Pisum  seed imported into New Zealand are required to be fumigated according to the 
specifications listed in MPI-ABTRT  Approved Biosecurity Treatment . 
(2) The treatment is required to be completed offsho re prior to export, or on arrival in New Zealand by an 
MPI approved treatment provider.  
(3) Pre-export treatment for each seed lot must be endorsed by the NPPO on the phytosanitary certificate, 
where the fumigant used and application rate must be clearly stat ed, or if done on arrival in New 
Zealand, must be completed at an MPI -approved facility.  
2.65.2  Approved Fungicide Treatments  
(1) In lieu of pest free area for Cladosporium cladosporioides f. sp. pisicola  all pisum seed must be treated 
as per MPI Standard MPI-ABTRT  Approved Biosecurity Treatments . 
2.65.3   Phytosanitary certificate - Additional declarations  
(1) The exporting country NPPO must confirm any treatment(s) as required by the IHS in the disinfestation 
and/o r disinfection treatment section.  
(2) If satisfied that the pre -shipment activities have been undertaken, the exporting country NPPO must 
confirm this by providing the certifying statement as per Part 1.5.2 of this import health standard and 
also the followin g additional declaration(s)  to the phytosanitary certificate:  
The Pisum  seeds have been:  
a) For Broad bean mottle virus  and Broad bean stain virus : 
i) produced in a ‘pest free area’ free from Broad bean mottle virus  and Broad bean stain 
virus . 
OR 
ii) produced in a ‘pest free place of production’ free from Broad bean mottle virus  and Broad 
bean stain virus . 
OR 
iii) officially tested, on a representative sample of a minimum of 3,000 seeds officially drawn 
according to the ISTA or AOSA sampling methodology, us ing an NPPO -approved 
methodology, and found free from  Broad bean mottle virus  and Broad bean stain virus . 
AND  Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing   Final  26 October 2022  
Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  115 of 176 b) For Pea early -browning virus : 
i) produced in a ‘pest free area’ free from Pea early -browning virus . 
OR 
ii) produced in a ‘pest free place of production’ free from Pea early -browning virus . 
OR 
iii) officially tested, on a representative sample of a minimum of 2,000 seeds officially drawn 
according to the ISTA or AOSA sampling methodology, using an NPPO -approved 
metho dology, and found free from  Pea early -browning virus . 
AND  
c) For Cladosporium cladosporioides  f. sp. Pisicola : 
i) produced in a ‘pest free area’ free from Cladosporium cladosporioides  f. sp. Pisicola . 
OR 
ii) treated with one of the fungicide combinations in MPI appr oved treatments.  
2.65.4  Testing requirements  
(1) Testing is required to  be completed offshore, prior to export.  
(2) Pre-export testing for each seed lot must be endorsed by the NPPO on the phytosanitary certificate.  
 
Guidance  
• MPI may verify treatment certification provid ed from both offshore and onshore treatments 
through an audit sampling regime, as per ISPM 20.  Guidelines for a phytosanitary import 
regulatory system . 
• Refer to Clause 1.11  of MPI standard MPI-ABTRT  Approved Biosecurity Treatments . 
 
  Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing   Final  26 October 2022  
Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  116 of 176 Pest list for Pisum  REGULATED PESTS (actionable)  
Insect      
 
Insecta   
   
Coleoptera   
    
Bruchidae   
     
Acanthoscelides zeteki  bruchid beetle       
Bruchidius atrolineatus  seed beetle       
Bruchidius incarnatus  seed beetle       
Bruchidius quinqueguttatus  bruchid beetle       
Bruchus affinis  bruchid beetle       
Bruchus emarginatus  Mediterranean pulse beetle       
Bruchus ervi  bruchid beetle       
Bruchus lentis  bruchid beetle       
Bruchus pisorum  pea weevil       
Bruchus rufimanus  broad bean weevil       
Bruchus tristis  bruchid beetle       
Callosobruchus analis  cowpea weevil       
Callosobruchus chinensis  oriental cowpea weevil       
Callosobruchus maculatus  cowpea weevil      
Dermestidae   
     
Trogoderma granarium  khapra beetle     
Lepidoptera   
    
Lycaenidae   
     
Euchrysops cnejus  blue butterfly      
Noctuidae   
     
Spodoptera praefica  western yellowstriped armyworm      
Pyralidae   
     
Etiella zinckenella  limabean pod borer      
Tortricidae   
     
Cydia nigricana  pea moth   
Mitosporic fungi (Hyphomycetes)    
Hyphomycetales     
Dematiaceae   
     
Cladosporium cladosporioides f. sp. 
pisicola   cladosporium blight  
 
Virus     
     
Broad bean mottle virus   
     
Broad bean stain virus   
     
Pea early -browning virus   
  Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing   Final  26 October 2022  
Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  117 of 176 2.66 Populus  
The following requirements only apply to species in the Plant Biosecurity Index listed under Import 
Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Populus ”. 
Approved countries:  Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece , 
Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, United 
Kingdom, and United States of America  
Quarantine pests:  Marssonina spp. 
Import permit:  Required  
PEQ:   Level 2 and Level 1  
Minimum PEQ period : 2 growing seasons as follows:  
a) in a Level 2 quarantine facility for the first season;  
b) in a Level 1 quarantine facility subsequently.  
Isolation:  50m exclusion area when planted outside.  
Approved treatment : Not required  
Phytosanitary certificate:  Required  
2.66.1  Phyto sanitary certificate  
(1) If satisfied that the pre -shipment activities have been undertaken, the exporting country NPPO must 
confirm this by providing the certifying statement as per Part 1.5.2 of this import health standard . 
 
Guidance  
• Prospective importers w ho wish to import eligible species of seed under this IHS schedule should 
contact MPI at PlantImports@mpi.govt.nz  well in advance of their intended import to discuss their 
importation plans and apply for an i mport permit. This is because MPI will need to undertake a risk 
assessment that could potentially lead to changes being made to import requirements and this could 
lead to longer timeframes for issuance of a permit.  
  Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing   Final  26 October 2022  
Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  118 of 176 2.67 Prunus  
The following requirements only apply to species in the Plant Biosecurity Index listed under Import 
Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Prunus ”. 
Approved countries:  All 
Quarantine pests:  Eurytoma amygdali, Cherry leaf roll virus  [strains not in  New Zealand], Cherry rasp leaf 
virus, Prune dwarf virus  [strains not in New Zealand], Prunus necrotic ringspot virus  [strains not in New 
Zealand], Plum pox virus, Tomato bushy stunt virus, Cucumber green mottle mosaic virus  (CGMMV), 
Monilinia fructigena  
Import permit:  Required  
PEQ:  Level 3B  
Minimum PEQ period:  6 months  
Approved treatment : Not required  
Phytosanitary certificate:  Required  
2.67.1   Phytosanitary certificate - Additional declaration  
(1) If satisfied that the pre -shipment activities have been undertaken, the exporting country NPPO must 
confirm this by providing the certifying statement as per Part 1.5.2 of this import health standard and 
also the following additional declaration(s)  to the phytosanitary certificate:  
a) “The Prunus  seeds have been inspected in accordance with appropriate official procedures and 
found to be free of Eurytoma amygdali .” 
2.67.2   Inspection and testing requirements  
Organism  MPI acceptable detection methods  
Monilinia fructigena  Growing season inspection in PEQ for disease symptom expression.  
Cherry leaf roll virus*  ELISA (Agdia) or PCR AND herbaceous indicators Cq, Cs.  
Cherry rasp leaf virus  ELISA or PCR using the method of James et al. (1991) AND 
herbaceous indicators Cq, Cs.  
Plum pox virus  Durviz ELISA (Agdia) or PCR using the  method of Wetzel et al. 
(1991) AND herbaceous indicators Nc and Cf.  
Prunus necrotic ringspot virus*  ELISA (Agdia) or PCR using the method of Spiegel et al. (1996) AND 
herbaceous indicators Cs.  
Tomato bushy stunt virus*  ELISA (Agdia) or PCR AND herbaceou s indicators Cq, Nc.  
Cucumber green mottle mosaic 
virus  ELISA or PCR  
Indicator hosts: Chenopodium foetidum (Cf), Chenopodium quinoa (Cq), Cucumis sativus (Cs) and Nicotiana clevelandii 
(Nc).  
(1) For bioassay and ELISA, plants shall be sampled from at least two positions on every stem including a 
young, fully expanded leaflet at the top of each stem and an older leaflet from a midway position.  
(2) Indicator plants must be grown under appropriate temperatures.  
(3) Indicator plants must be shaded for 12 -24 hrs pr ior to inoculation.  Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing   Final  26 October 2022  
Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  119 of 176 (4) Maintain post -inoculated indicator species under appropriate glasshouse conditions for at least 4 
weeks.  
(5) Inspect plants at least once per week for signs of pest and disease.  
(6) Inspect inoculated herbaceous indicator plants at least twice per week for symptoms of virus infection.  
(7) At least two plants of each indicator species unless otherwise stated must be used in mechanical 
inoculation tests.  
(8) Positive and negative controls must be used in ELISA tests.  
(9) Testing must be carried out on plants while they are in active growth.  
(10) Positive and negative controls (including a blank water control) must be used in PCR.  
(11) For ELISA tests, the unit for testing is an individual seedling because of the presence of pollen 
transmitted viruses for which pre -determined testing is required (denoted by ‘*’ in the table above).  
(12) ELISA or PCR for PPV must test negative before herbaceous indicator tests are conducted.  
 
Guidance:  
• Positive internal controls and a negative plant control should be used.  
• Internal controls in PCR tests are important to avoid the risk of false negatives.  
 
References:  
• James D, Howell WE, Mink GI, 2001.Molecular evidence of the relationship between a viru s associated 
with flat apple disease and Cherry rasp leaf virus as determined by RT -PCR. Plant Disease 85, 47 -52. 
• Spiegel S, Scott SW, BowmanVance V, Tam Y, Galiakparov NN, Rosner A, 1996. Improved detection 
of prunus necrotic ringspot virus by the polymer ase chain reaction. European Journal of Plant 
Pathology 102, 681 -685. 
• Wetzel T, Candresse T, Ravelonandro M, Dunez J, 1991. A polymerase chain -reaction assay adapted 
to plum pox potyvirus detection. Journal of Virological Methods 33, 355 -365. 
• Prospective i mporters who wish to import eligible species of seed under this IHS schedule should 
contact MPI at PlantImports@mpi.govt.nz  well in advance of their intended import to discuss their 
importation plans and appl y for an import permit. This is because MPI will need to undertake a risk 
assessment that could potentially lead to changes being made to import requirements and this could 
lead to longer timeframes for issuance of a permit.  
  Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing   Final  26 October 2022  
Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  120 of 176 2.68 Pseudotsuga menziesii  
The fo llowing requirements only apply to species in the Plant Biosecurity Index listed under Import 
Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Pseudotsuga menziesii ”. 
Approved countries:  All 
Quarantine pests:  Refer to “Pest list for Pseudotsuga menziesii”.  
Import permit:  Required only for seeds produced in areas not known to be free from Fusarium circinatum  
PEQ : Level 3B - Required only for seeds produced in areas not known to be free from Fusarium circinatum  
Phytosanitary certificate:  Required  
2.68.1  Approved treatment  
(1) All Pseudotsuga menziesii  seeds must be treated as per MPI Standard MPI-ABTRT  Approved 
Biosecurity Treatments . 
2.68.2   Phytosanitary certificate - Additional declarations  
(1) The exporting country NPPO must confirm any treatment(s) as required by the IHS in the disinfestation 
and/or disinfection treatment section.  
(2) If satisfied that the pre -shipment activities have been undertaken, the exporting country NPPO must 
confirm this by providing the certifying statement as per Part 1.5.2 of this import health standard and 
also the following additional declaration(s)  to the phytosanitary certificate:  
a) “The Pseudotsuga menziesii  seeds have been:  
i) collected from trees that have  been officially inspected during the growing season 
according to appropriate procedures and no Dioryctria abietivorella  was detected.  
OR  
ii) inspected for evidence of the presence of insect pests and none was found”.  
AND  
b) “The Pseudotsuga menziesii  seeds ha ve been treated for regulated pests”.  
AND  
c) For seeds produced in areas approved by MPI as being free of Fusarium circinatum  ONLY :  
i) The Pseudotsuga menziesii  seeds for sowing have been produced in pest free areas that 
are, as verified by pest surveillance methods, free from Fusarium circinatum  (syn. 
Fusarium subglutinans  f sp. pini). 
OR  
For seeds produced in areas not recogni sed by MPI as being free from Fusa rium 
circinatum : 
ii) Import Permit : Required  
PEQ : Level 3B  
Minimum PEQ period : To be determined at the time of permit issuance.  
 
Guidance  
• A list of MPI approved pest free areas is provided using this link: Fusarium circinatum .   
• Refer to Clause 1.11  of MPI Standard MPI-ABTRT  Approved Biosecurity Treatments . Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing   Final  26 October 2022  
Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  121 of 176 2.68.3  Testing requirements  
(1) MPI will determine, via the requirements on a permit to import, the testing required for Pseudotsuga 
menziesii  seeds for sowing for quarantine pests. The quarantine period will vary depending  on the 
pests that may be associated with the commodity and the tests required.  
 
  Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing   Final  26 October 2022  
Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  122 of 176 Pest list for Pseudotsuga menziesii  REGULATED PESTS (actionable)  
Insect      
 
Insecta   
  
Coleoptera   
   
Anobiidae   
     
Ernobius punctulatus  borer      
Curculionidae   
     
Lepesoma lecontei  weevil      
Scarabaeidae   
     
Melolontha melolontha  cockchafer     
Diptera   
    
Cecidomyiidae   
     
Asynapta keeni  gall midge       
Contarinia constricta  gallmidge       
Contarinia cuniculator  gall midge       
Contarinia oregonensis  douglas fir cone gall midge       
Contarinia pseudotsugae  gall midge       
Contarinia washingtonensis  gall midge      
Lonchaeidae   
     
Earomyia aquilonia  fir seed maggot       
Earomyia barbara  fir seed maggot     
Hemiptera   
    
Coreidae   
     
Leptoglossus occidentalis  coreid bug     
Lepidoptera   
    
Blastobasidae   
     
Holcocera augusti  blastobasid moth      
Geometridae   
     
Eupithecia albicapitata  looper       
Eupithecia spermaphaga  looper      
Pyralidae   
     
Dioryctria abietivorella  fir coneworm      
Tortricidae   
     
Barbara colfaxiana  douglas fir cone moth       
Chionodes periculella  gelechiid moth       
Commophila fuscodorsana  tortricid moth       
Endopiza piceana  tortricid moth       
Laspeyresia bracteatana  leafroller       
Zeiraphera diniana  douglas fir cone moth   
Fungus      
  
Ascomycota   
   
Pezizales   
    
Otideaceae   Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing   Final  26 October 2022  
Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  123 of 176      
Caloscypha fulgens  cold fungus   
Mitosporic Fungi (Hyphomycetes)    
Hyphomycetales     
Moniliaceae       
Penicillium chrysogenum  penicillium mould rot    
Tuberculariales     
Tuberculariaceae       
Fusarium circinatum (syn.  
Fusarium subglutinans f. sp. pini)  pine pitch canker  
  Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing   Final  26 October 2022  
Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  124 of 176 2.69 Psophocarpus  
The following requirements only apply to species in the Plant Biosecurity Index listed under Import 
Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Psophocarpus ”. 
Approved countries : All 
Quarantine pests : Etiella spp., Maruca testulali, Trogoderma  spp. 
Import permit: Not required  
PEQ : Not required  
Approved treatment : Not required  
Phytosanitary certificate:  Required  
For Seed in pods ONLY : 
2.69.1   Phytosanitary certificate - Additional declaration  
(1) If satisfied that the pre -shipment activities have been undertaken, the exporting country NPPO must 
confirm this by providing the certifying statement as per Part 1.5.2 of this import health standard and 
also the following additional declaration(s)  to the phytosanitary certificate:  
a) “The Psophocarpus pods have been inspected before export and no caterpillars of Etiella  spp. or 
Maruca testulalis  were found in a 600 unit sample”.   
  Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing   Final  26 October 2022  
Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  125 of 176 2.70 Pyrus  
The following requirements only apply to species in the Plant Biosecurit y Index listed under Import 
Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Pyrus ”. 
Approved countries:  All 
Quarantine pests : Apple scar skin viroid, Monilinia fructigena, Tomato bushy stunt virus, Pear bark measle  
Import permit:  Required  
PEQ:  Level 3B  
Minimum PEQ period : 6 months  
Approved treatment : Not required  
Phytosanitary certificate:  Required  
2.70.1   Phytosanitary requirements  
(1) If satisfied that the pre -shipment activities have been undertaken, the exporting country NPPO must 
provide the certifying statement as per Part 1.5.2 of this import health standard.  
2.70.2   Inspection and testing requirements  
Organism  MPI acceptable detection methods  
Monilinia fructigena  Growing season inspection in PEQ for disease symptom expression.  
Apple scar skin viroid  PCR using the method of Hadidi et al. (1990).   
Tomato bushy stunt virus*  ELISA (Agdia) or PCR AND herbaceous indicators Cq, Nc.  
Pear bark measle  Growing season inspection in PEQ for disease expression.  
Indicator hosts: Chenopodium quinoa (Cq ) and Nicotiana clevelandi (Nc).  
(1) For bioassay and ELISA, plants shall be sampled from at least two positions on every stem including a 
young, fully expanded leaflet at the top of each stem and an older leaflet from a midway position.  
(2) Indicator plants must be grown under appropriate temperatures.  
(3) Indicator plants must be shaded for 12 -24 hrs prior to inoculation.  
(4) Maintain post -inoculated indicator species under appropriate glasshouse conditions for at least 4 
weeks.  
(5) Inspect plants at least once per week for signs of pest and disease.  
(6) Inspect inoculated herbaceous indicator plants at least twice per week for symptoms of virus infection.  
(7) PCR and ELISA need to be validated using positive controls/reference material prior to use in 
quarantine testing.  
(8) At leas t two plants of each indicator species unless otherwise stated must be used in mechanical 
inoculation tests.  
(9) Positive and negative controls must be used in ELISA tests.  
(10) Testing must be carried out on plants while they are in active growth.  
(11) Positive and neg ative controls (including a blank water control) must be used in PCR.  Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing   Final  26 October 2022  
Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  126 of 176 (12) For ELISA tests, the unit for testing is an individual seedling because of the presence of pollen 
transmitted viruses for which pre -determined testing is required (denoted by ‘*’ in the  table above).  
 
Guidance  
• Positive internal controls and a negative plant control should be used.  
• Internal controls in PCR tests are important to avoid the risk of false negatives.  
• Prospective importers who wish to import eligible species of seed under th is IHS schedule should 
contact MPI at PlantImports@mpi.govt.nz  well in advance of their intended import to discuss their 
importation plans and apply for an import permit. This is because MPI will need to unde rtake a risk 
assessment that could potentially lead to changes being made to import requirements and this could 
lead to longer timeframes for issuance of a permit.  
 
References:  
• Hadidi A, Yang X, 1990. Detection of pome fruit viroids by enzymatic cDNA ampli fication. Journal of 
Virological Methods 30, 261 -269.   
 
  Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing   Final  26 October 2022  
Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  127 of 176 2.71 Quercus  
The following requirements only apply t o species in the Plant Biosecurity Index listed under Import 
Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Quercus ”. 
Approved countries:  Australia, Canada, Germany, India, Israel, Japan, Mexico, Spain, Tunisia, United 
Kingdom and United States of America   
Quarantine pests:  Ceratocystis fagacearum, Cryphonectria parasitica , Curculionidae  
Import permit : Required  
PEQ : Level 3B  
Minimum PEQ period : 2 years  
Phytosanitary certificate:  Required  
2.71.1  Approved treatments  
(1) All Quercus  seeds must be fumigated as per MPI Standard MPI-ABTRT  Approved Biosecurity 
Treatments . 
2.71.2   Phytosanitary certificate - Additional declarations  
(1) The exporting country NPPO must confirm any treatment(s) as required by the IHS in the disinfestation 
and/or disinfection treatment section.  
(2) If satisfied that the pre -shipment activities have been undertaken, the exporting country NPPO must 
confirm this by providing the certifying statement as per Part 1.5.2 of this import health standard an d 
also the following additional declaration(s)  to the phytosanitary certificate:  
a) “The Quercus  seeds have been:  
i) collected from trees that have been officially inspected during active growth and no 
diseases caused by Ceratocystis fagacearum  or Cryphonectria parasitica  were detected;  
OR 
ii) produced in an area where Ceratocystis fagacearum  and Cryphonectria parasitica  are not 
known to occur”.  
AND  
b) “The Quercus  seeds have been fumigated with methyl bromide at ___ pressure for ___ hours at 
___ g/m³ at a temperature of ___°C”;  
2.71.3  Inspection and testing requirements  
Organism  MPI acceptable detection methods  
Ceratocystis fagacear um Growing season inspection in PEQ for disease symptom expression.  
Cryphonectria parasitica  Growing season inspection in PEQ for disease symptom expression.  
 
Guidance  
• Refer to Clause 1.11  of MPI Standard MPI-ABTRT  Approved Biosecurity Treatments . 
• Prospective importers who wish to import eligible species of seed under this IHS schedule should 
contact MPI at PlantImports@mpi.govt.nz  well in advance of their intended import to discuss their Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing   Final  26 October 2022  
Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  128 of 176 importation plans and apply for an import permit. This is because MPI will need to undertake a risk 
assessment that could potentially lead to changes be ing made to import requirements and this could 
lead to longer timeframes for issuance of a permit.  
 Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing   Final  26 October 2022  
Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  129 of 176 2.72 Raphanus sativus  
The following requirements only apply to species in the Plant Biosecurity Index listed under Import 
Specifications for Seed as “see 155. 02.05 under Raphanus sativus .” 
Approved countries : All 
Quarantine pests : None  
Import permit: Not required  
PEQ : Not required  
Approved treatment : Not required  
Phytosanitary certificate:  Required  
2.72.1  Phytosanitary certificate - Additional declaration  
(1) If satisfied  that the pre -shipment activities have been undertaken, the exporting country NPPO must 
confirm this by providing the certifying statement as per Part 1.5.2 of this import health standard.  
  Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing   Final  26 October 2022  
Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  130 of 176 2.73 Ribes  
The following requirements only apply to species in the Plant Biosecurity Index listed under Import 
Specifications for Seed as “See 155.02.05 under Ribes ”. 
Approved countries:  All 
Quarantine pests:  Refer to pest list for Ribes  
Import permit:  Required  
PEQ:  Level 3B  
Minimum PEQ period:  6 months  
Approved treatment : Not required  
Phytosanitary certificate:  Required  
2.73.1   Phytosanitary requirements  
(1) If satisfied that the pre -shipment activities have been undertaken, the exporting country NPPO must 
confirm this by provi ding the certifying statement as per Part 1.5.2 of this import health standard.  
2.73.2   Inspection and testing requirements  
Organism  MPI acceptable detection methods  
For both “Currant type” and “Gooseberry types” Ribes   
Raspberry ringspot virus*  ELISA or PCR  
AND  
herbaceous indexing with Ca and Cq  
OR  
Cq, Cs and Nc  
For “Currant type” Ribes  only 
Tobacco rattle virus  [strains not in New Zealand]  Herbaceous indexing with Ca and Cq  
OR  
Cq, Cs and Nc.  
Indicators: Chenopodium amaranticolor , Ca - Chenopodium quinoa, Cq – Cucumis sativus, Cs – Nicotiana 
clevelandii, Nc.  
(1) Tests are to be carried out on plants germinated from the imported seeds.  
(2) Testing must be carried out on plants while they are in active growth.  
(3) Indicator plants must be grow n under appropriate temperatures.  
(4) Indicator plants must be shaded for 12 -24 hrs prior to inoculation.  
(5) For each Ribes  plant, at least two fully -expanded leaves must be sampled from different branches of 
the main stem, one a younger leaf and one an older lea f.  
(6) Post-inoculated indicator plants must be maintained under appropriate glasshouse conditions for at 
least 4 weeks.  
(7) Post-inoculated indicator plants must be inspected at least twice per week for signs of virus infection 
with observations being recorded o n a weekly basis.  Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing   Final  26 October 2022  
Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  131 of 176 (8) For ELISA tests, the unit for testing is an individual seedling because of the presence of pollen 
transmitted viruses for which pre -determined testing is required (denoted by ‘*’ in the table above).  
(9) PCR and ELISA need to be validated us ing positive controls/reference material prior to use in 
quarantine testing;  
(10) Positive, negative, and buffer controls must be used in ELISA tests.  
(11) Positive controls must be used in PCR.  
(12) Inspection of the Ribes  plants by the operator of the PEQ facility for signs of pest and disease must be 
at least once per week.  
 
Guidance  
• Positive internal controls and a negative plant control should be used.  
• Internal controls in PCR tests are important to avoid the risk of false negatives.  
• Prospective importers who wish to import eligible species of seed under this IHS schedule should 
contact MPI at PlantImports@mpi.govt.nz  well in advance of their intended import to discuss their 
importatio n plans and apply for an import permit. This is because MPI will need to undertake a risk 
assessment that could potentially lead to changes being made to import requirements and this could 
lead to longer timeframes for issuance of a permit.  
 
  Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing   Final  26 October 2022  
Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  132 of 176 Pest list for  Ribes  REGULATED PESTS (actionable)  
Virus      
    
Raspberry ringspot virus   
    
Tobacco rattle virus (strains not in 
New Zealand)   
    
*For organisms intercepted that are not listed within this pest list refer to Biosecurity 
Organisms Register for Imported Commodities ( ONZPR ) to determine the regulatory 
status.  
  Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing   Final  26 October 2022  
Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  133 of 176 2.74 Rubus  
The following requirements only apply to species in the Plant Biosecurity Index listed under Import 
Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Rubus ”. 
Approved countrie s: All 
Quarantine pests: Refer  to pest list for  Rubus  
Import  permit : Required  
PEQ : Level 2  
Minimum PEQ p eriod : 3 months  
Approved treatment : Not required  
Phytosanitary certificate:  Required  
2.74.1   Phytosanitary certificate  
(1) If satisfied that the pre -shipment activities have been undertaken, the exporting country NPPO must 
confirm this by provid ing the certifying statement as per Part 1.5.2 of this import health standard.  
2.74.2   Inspection and testing requirements  
Organism  MPI acceptable detection methods   
Raspberry ringspot virus  ELISA or PCR and herbaceous indexing with Cq, Cs and Nc  
Tomato ringspot virus  ELISA or PCR and herbaceous indexing with Cq, Cs and Nc  
Indicators: Chenopodium quinoa , Cq – Cucumis sativus, Cs – Nicotiana clevelandii, Nc.  
(1) Tests are to be carried out on plants germinated from the imported seeds.  
(2) The quarantine period will begin once the plants have entered a period of active growth and have two 
fully expanded leaves.  
(3) Virus testing needs to be conducted on new spring growth . For each Rubus  plant, at least two young 
fully- expanded leaves must be sampled from different branches of the main stem, one a younger leaf 
and one older leaf.  
(4) Herbaceous Indicator plants must be grown under appropriate temperatures at 18 -25 °C. 
(5) Indica tor plants must be shaded for 24 hrs prior to inoculation.  
(6) Post-inoculated indicator plants must be maintained under appropriate glasshouse conditions for at 
least 4 weeks.  
(7) Post-inoculated indicator plants must be inspected at least twice per week for sign s of virus infection 
with observations being recorded on a weekly basis.  
(8) Positive and negative (buffer solution) controls must be used on all herbaceous indexing tests.  
(9) PCR and ELISA tests need to be validated using positive controls/reference material pri or to use in 
quarantine testing;  
(10) Positive, negative, and buffer controls must be used in ELISA tests.  
(11) Positive and negative controls must be used in PCR.  Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing   Final  26 October 2022  
Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  134 of 176 (12) Inspection of the Rubus  plants by the operator of the PEQ facility for signs of pest and disease must be 
at least twice per week during periods of active growth.  
 
Guidance  
• Positive internal controls and a negative plant control should be used.  
• Internal controls in PCR tests are important to avoid the risk of false negatives.  
• Prospective importers who wish to import eligible species of seed under this IHS schedule should 
contact MPI at PlantImports@mpi.govt.nz  well in advance of their intended import to discuss their 
importation p lans and apply for an import permit. This is because MPI will need to undertake a risk 
assessment that could potentially lead to changes being made to import requirements and this could 
lead to longer timeframes for issuance of a permit . 
 
  Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing   Final  26 October 2022  
Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  135 of 176 Pest list for  Rubus  REGULATED PESTS (actionable)  
Virus  
    Raspberry ringspot virus  
    Tomato ringspot virus  
    *For organisms intercepted that are not listed within this pest list refer to Biosecurity  
Organisms Register for Imported Commodities  (ONZPR ) to determine the regulatory 
status.  
  Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing   Final  26 October 2022  
Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  136 of 176 2.75 Sesamum  
The following requirements only apply to species in the Plant Biosecurity Index listed under Import 
Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Sesamum ”. 
Approved c ountries : All 
Quarantine pests: Alternaria sesami, Cercoseptoria sesami, Xanthomonas campestris  pv. sesami, 
Trogoderma  spp. 
Import permit: Not required  
PEQ : Not required  
Phytosanitary certificate:  Required  
2.75.1  Approved treatment  
(1) All Sesamum  seeds must be treated as per MPI Standard MPI-ABTRT  Approved Biosecurity 
Treatments . 
2.75.2   Phytosanitary certificate - Additional declaration  
(1) The exporting country NPPO must confirm any treatment(s) as required by the IHS in the dis infestation 
and/or disinfection treatment section.  
(2) If satisfied that the pre -shipment activities have been undertaken, the exporting country NPPO must 
confirm this by providing the certifying statement as per Part 1.5.2 of this import health standard and 
also the following additional declaration(s)  to the phytosanitary certificate:  
a) “The Sesamum  seeds have been:  
i) produced in  a ‘pest free area’ free from Alternaria sesami , Cercoseptoria sesami  and 
Xanthomonas campestris pv. sesami ;  
OR 
ii) produced in  a ‘pest free place of production’ free from Alternaria sesami , Cercoseptoria 
sesami  or Xanthomonas campestris pv. sesami ”.  
 
Guidance  
• Refer to Clause 1.11  of MPI Standard MPI-ABTRT  Approved Biose curity Treatments . 
  Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing   Final  26 October 2022  
Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  137 of 176 2.76 Solanum  
The following requirements only apply to species in the Plant Biosecurity Index listed under Import 
Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Solanum .” For Solanum lycopersicum  and Solanum 
tuberosum , please refer to the individual schedules which fol low. 
Approved c ountries : All 
Quarantine pests: Potato spindle tuber viroid  
Import permit: Not required  
PEQ : Not required  
Approved treatment : Not requir ed 
Phytosanitary certificate:  Required  
2.76.1   Phytosanitary certificate - Additional declarations  
(1) If satisfied that the pre -shipment activities have been undertaken, the exporting country NPPO must 
confirm this by providing the certifying statement as per Part 1.5.2 of this import health standard and  
also the following additional declaration(s)  to the phytosanitary certificate:  
a) “The [insert species name]  seeds for sowing have been:  
i) produced in  a ‘pest free area’ free from Potato spindle tuber viroid;   
OR 
ii) produced in  a ‘pest free place of production’ f ree from Potato spindle tuber viroid”;  
OR 
iii) “The [insert species name] seeds for sowing have been officially tested, on a 
representative sample and using appropriate methods, and found to be free from Potato 
spindle tuber viroid ”. 
OR 
iv) For Solanum melongena  seed lots with less than 15,000 seeds:  produced from parent 
plants that were officially sampled according to an NPPO -approved methodology during 
the active growing period and tested according to an NPPO -approved methodology and 
found free from Potato spindle tuber viroid . 
2.76.2  Testing requirements  
(1) Testing is required to be completed offshore prior to export, or on arrival in New Zealand.  
(2) Pre-export testing for each seed lot must be endorsed by the NPPO on the phytosanitary certificate, or 
if tested o n arrival in New Zealand, must be completed by an MPI -approved testing laboratory.  
(3) For seed lots of 15,000 or more seeds : 
a) A representative sample of a minimum of 3 ,000 seeds, officially drawn according to ISTA or 
AOSA methodology is required from each seed lot and tested as specified in the schedule;  
(4) For Solanum melongena  seed lots with less than 15,000 seeds:  
a) A composite sample of a minimum of 3 ,000 seeds must be of ficially drawn across all seed lots of 
the same seed species in a consignment, which must have been produced at the same place of 
production or production site.  Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing   Final  26 October 2022  
Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  138 of 176 (5) To achieve a composite sample, proportionate sampling must be carried out across all lots of Solanum 
melongena  imported. A sample of seeds must be drawn from each imported lot within a consignment, 
adding up to 3 ,000 seeds. The size of the sample from each lot must be proportionate to the size of the 
imported lot within the consignment.  
(6) All importe rs who test a composite sample on  arrival in New Zealand must make a declaration  to 
identify the place of production or production site of the lots that form the composite sample.  
 
Guidance  
• The sample size from each lot to form the composite sample should be calculated as follows:  
− The proportion of each lot in the total consignment (seed number) is calculated using the 
equation:  
𝑃𝑟𝑜𝑝𝑜𝑟𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛  𝑜𝑓 𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙  𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑠𝑖𝑔𝑛 𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡 𝑠𝑖𝑧𝑒 = 𝑁𝑜.  𝑜𝑓 𝑠𝑒𝑒𝑑𝑠  𝑖𝑛 𝑒𝑎𝑐ℎ 𝑙𝑜𝑡
𝑇𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙  𝑛𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟  𝑜𝑓 𝑠𝑒𝑒𝑑𝑠  𝑖𝑛 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑠𝑖𝑔𝑛𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡  
− Calculate the sample size for each lot (number of seeds) using a total composite sample size of 
3,000 seeds:  
𝑆𝑎𝑚𝑝𝑙𝑒  𝑠𝑖𝑧𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑒𝑎𝑐ℎ 𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒= 3,000 seeds  × 𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑝𝑜𝑟𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛  𝑜𝑓 𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙  𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑠𝑖𝑔𝑛𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡  𝑠𝑖𝑧𝑒   
− Take the sum of the sample size for each lot to check that the total composite sample for the 
consignment is at least 3 ,000 seeds.  
• For measures involving testing of parent plants, the measures must be applied for every parent plant 
(both the seed parent and the pollinator parent) used to produce the seed lot.  
 
 
  Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing   Final  26 October 2022  
Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  139 of 176 2.77 Solanum lycopersicum  
The following requirements only apply to species in the Plant s Biosecurity Index listed under Import 
Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Solanum lycopersicum ”. 
Approved c ountries : All countries   
Quarantine pests: Columnea latent viroid , Pepino mosaic virus, Potato spindle tuber viroid , Tomato chlorotic 
dwarf viroid , Tomato brown rugose fruit virus , Tomato apical stunt viroid, Tomato plant a macho viroid , Tomato 
mottle mosaic virus  
Import permit: Not required  
PEQ : Not required  
Approved treatment : Not required  
Phytosanitary certific ate: Required  
2.77.1   Phytosanitary certificate - Additional declarations  
(1) If satisfied that the preshipment activities have been undertaken, the exporting country NPPO must 
confirm this by providing the certifying statement as per Part 1.5.2 of this import health  standard and 
also the following additional declarations to the phytosanitary certificate:  
a) “The Solanum lycopersicum  seeds have been prepared to industry standards with thorough 
cleaning to remove all traces of flesh from the seeds. ” 
AND  
b) “The Solanum lycop ersicum  seeds have been:  
i) produced in  a ‘pest -free area’ free from Pepino mosaic virus . 
OR 
ii) produced in  a ‘pest-free place of production’ free from Pepino mosaic virus . 
OR 
iii) officially tested, on a representative sample  of a minimum of 3 ,000 seeds officially drawn 
according to the ISTA or AOSA sampling methodology , using an NPPO -approved ELISA 
or NPPO -approved PCR testing method, and found to be free from Pepino mosaic virus . 
OR  
iv) For seed lots with less than 15,000 seeds:  produced from parent plants  that were 
officially sampled according to an NPPO -approved methodology during the active growing 
period and tested according to an NPPO -approved methodology and found free from 
Pepino mosaic virus.  
AND  
c) “ The Solanum lycopersicum  seeds have been:  
i) produced  in a ‘pest -free area’ free from Columnea latent viroid , Potato spindle tuber viroid, 
Tomato apical stunt viroid , Tomato chlorotic dwarf viroid , and Tomato planta macho viroid . 
OR  
ii) produced in a ‘pest -free place of production’ free from Columnea latent viroid , Potato 
spindle tuber viroid, Tomato apical stunt viroid , Tomato chlorotic dwarf viroid, and Tomato 
planta macho viroid.  Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing   Final  26 October 2022  
Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  140 of 176 OR 
iii) produced in a ‘pest -free place of production’ where parent plants have be en tested 
according to a n NPPO -approved methodology and found free from Columnea latent viroid , 
Potato spindle tuber viroid , Tomato apical stunt viroid , Tomato chlorotic dwarf viroid , and 
Tomato planta macho viroid .  
OR 
iv) officially tested, on a representati ve sample of a minimum of 3 ,000 seeds officially drawn 
according to the ISTA or AOSA sampling methodology , using a n NPPO -approved PCR 
testing method, and found to be free from Columnea latent viroid , Potato spindle tuber 
viroid , Tomato apical stunt  viroid , Tomato chlorotic dwarf viroid , and Tomato planta macho 
viroid .” 
OR  
v) For seed lots with less than 15,000 seeds:  produced from parent plants that were 
officially sampled according to an NPPO -approved methodology during the active growing 
period and tested a ccording to an NPPO -approved methodology and found free from 
Columnea latent viroid , Potato spindle tuber viroid, Tomato apical stunt viroid , Tomato 
chlorotic dwarf viroid, and Tomato planta macho viroid . 
AND  
d) “The Solanum lycopersicum  seeds have been:  
i) produced in  a ‘pest -free area’ , free from Tomato brown rugose fruit virus  
OR  
ii) produced in  a ‘pest -free pla ce of production’ free from Tomato brown rugose fruit virus . 
OR  
iii) officially tested, on a representative sample of a minimum of 3 ,000 seeds officially drawn 
according to the ISTA or AOSA sampling methodology, using an NPPO -approved PCR 
testing method , and found free from Tomato brown rugose fruit virus .” 
OR 
iv) For seed lots with less than 15,000 seeds:  produced from parent plants that w ere 
officially  sampled according to an NPPO -approved methodology during the active growing 
period and tested according to an NPPO -approved methodology and found free from 
Tomato brown rugose fruit virus . 
AND  
e) “The Solanum lycopersicum  seeds have been:  
i) produced in  a ‘pest -free area’ , free from Tomato mottle mosaic  virus  
OR  
ii) produced in  a ‘pest -free pla ce of production’ free from Tomato mottle mosaic  virus . 
OR  
iii) officially tested, on a representative sample of a minimum of 3 ,000 seeds officially drawn 
according to the ISTA or AOSA sampling methodology, using an NPPO -approved ELISA 
or NPPO -approved PCR testing method , and found free from Tomato mottle mosaic  virus .” 
OR 
iv) For seed lots with less than 15,000 seeds:  produced from pa rent plants that were 
officially sampled according to an NPPO -approved methodology during the active growing Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing   Final  26 October 2022  
Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  141 of 176 period and tested according to an NPPO -approved methodology and found free from 
Tomato mottle mosaic virus . 
2.77.2  Testing requirements  
(1) Testing is require d to be completed offshore prior to export, or on arrival in New Zealand.   
(2) Pre-export testing for each seed lot must be endorsed by the NPPO on the phytosanitary certificate or , 
if tested on arrival in New Zealand, must be completed by an MPI -approved testing laboratory.  
(3) Testing onshore will be performed using an MPI -approved testing method.  
(4) For seed lots of 15,000 or more seeds:  
a) A representative sample of a minimum of 3 ,000 seed s, officially drawn according to ISTA or 
AOSA methodology is required from each seed lot and tested as specified in the schedule . 
(5) For seed lots with less than 15,000 seeds:  
a) A composite sample of a minimum of 3 ,000 seeds must be officially drawn across all seed lots of 
the same seed species in a consignment, which must have been produced at the same place of 
production or production site.  
(6) To achieve a composite sample, proportionate sampling must be carried out across all lots imported. A 
sample of seeds must be drawn from each imported lot within a consignment, adding up to 3 ,000 
seeds. The size of the sample from each lot must be proportionate to the size of the imported lot within 
the consignment.  
(7) All importer s who test a composite sample on  arrival in New Zealand must make a declaration  to 
identify the place of production or production site of the lots that form the composite sample.  
 
Guidance  
• The sampl e size from each lot to form the composite sample should be calculated as follows:  
− The proportion of each lot in the total consignment (seed number) is calculated using the following 
equation:  
𝑃𝑟𝑜𝑝𝑜𝑟𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛  𝑜𝑓 𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙  𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑠𝑖𝑔𝑛𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡  𝑠𝑖𝑧𝑒= 𝑁𝑜.  𝑜𝑓 𝑠𝑒𝑒𝑑𝑠  𝑖𝑛 𝑒𝑎𝑐ℎ 𝑙𝑜𝑡
𝑇𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙  𝑛𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟  𝑜𝑓 𝑠𝑒𝑒𝑑𝑠  𝑖𝑛 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑠𝑖𝑔𝑛𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡  
− Calculate the sample size for each lot (number of seeds) using a total composite sample size of 
3,000 seeds:  
𝑆𝑎𝑚𝑝𝑙𝑒  𝑠𝑖𝑧𝑒  𝑜𝑓 𝑒𝑎𝑐ℎ 𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒= 3,000 seeds  × 𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑝𝑜𝑟𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛  𝑜𝑓 𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙  𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑠𝑖𝑔𝑛𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡  𝑠𝑖𝑧𝑒   
− Take the sum of the sample size for each lot to check that the total composite sample for the 
consignment is at least 3 ,000 seeds.  
• The ISHI -Veg local lesion bioassay for Tomato brown rugose fruit virus  and Tomato mottle mosaic virus  
is not accepted as a valid test by MPI.  
• The use of a bioassay to detect the presence of Pepino mosaic virus  on seed samples is not accepted 
as a valid test by MPI.   
• Additional declarations on phytosanitary certificates to meet the offshore testing requirements for 
Tomato brown rugose fruit virus  in import health standard 155.02.05: Seeds for Sowing  should be based 
only on a negative result obtained in an NPPO -approved  PCR test and not on results from a bioassay.  
• Additional declarations on phytosanitary certificates to meet the offshore testing requirements for Pepino 
mosaic virus  and Tomato mottle mosaic virus  in import health standard 155.02.05: Seeds for Sowing  
shoul d be based only on a negative result obtained in an NPPO -approved ELISA or NPPO -approved 
PCR test and not on results from a bioassay.  
• For tomato seed lots tested for quarantine pests onshore in New Zealand at an MPI -approved testing 
laboratory, additional declarations by the exporting NPPO are not required to be endorsed on the 
phytosanitary certificate . Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing   Final  26 October 2022  
Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  142 of 176 • For measures involving testing of parent plants, the measures must be applied for every parent plant 
(both the seed parent and the pollinator pa rent) used to produce the seed lot.  
  Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing   Final  26 October 2022  
Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  143 of 176 2.78 Solanum tuberosum  
The following requirements only apply to species in the Plant Biosecurity Index listed under Import 
Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Solanum tuberosum ”. 
Approved c ountries : All 
Quarant ine pests: Andean potato latent virus, Andean potato mild mosaic virus, Potato black ring virus,  
Potato spindle tuber viroid, Potato virus T, Tobacco ringspot virus  
Import permit : Required  
PEQ : Level 3 B 
Minimum  PEQ  period : 1 growing season  
Approved treatme nt: Not required  
Phytosanitary certificate:  Required  
2.78.1   Phytosanitary certificate  
(1) If satisfied that the pre -shipment activities have been undertaken, the exporting country NPPO must 
confirm this by providing the certifying statement as per Part 1.5.2 of this import health standard.  
 
Guidance  
• Prospective importers who wish to import eli gible species of seed under this IHS schedule should 
contact MPI at PlantImports@mpi.govt.nz  well in advance of their intended import to discuss their 
importation plans and apply for an import permit. This is  because MPI will need to undertake a risk 
assessment that could potentially lead to changes being made to import requirements and this could 
lead to longer timeframes for issuance of a permit . 
 
  Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing   Final  26 October 2022  
Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  144 of 176 2.79 Sorghum  
The following requirements only apply to species i n the Plant Biosecurity Index listed under Import 
Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Sorghum ”. 
Approved c ountries:  Australia, USA  
Quarantine pests: Peronosclerospora sorghi, Sclerospora graminicola, Trogoderma  spp., Ustilaginales  
Import permit : Not required  
PEQ : Not required  
Phytosanitary certificate:  Required  
2.79.1  Approved treatments  
(1) All Sorghum seeds must be treated as per MPI Standard MPI-ABTRT  Approved Biosecurity 
Treatments . 
2.79.2   Phytosanitary certificate - Additional declaration  
(1) The exporting country NPPO must confirm any treatment(s) as required by the IHS in the disinfestation 
and/or disinfection treatment section.  
(2) If satisfied that the pre -shipment activities have been underta ken, the exporting country NPPO must 
confirm this by providing the certifying statement as per Part 1.5.2 of this import health standard and 
also the following additional declaration(s)  to the phytosanitary certificate:  
a) “The Sorghum  seeds have been:  
i) produc ed in  a ‘pest free area’ free from Peronosclerospora sorghi  and Sclerospora 
graminicola.  
OR 
ii) produced in  a ‘pest free place of production’ free from Peronosclerospora sorghi  and 
Sclerospora graminicola”.  
 
Guidance  
• Refer to Clause 1.11  of MPI Standard MPI-ABTRT  Approved Biosecurity Treatments . 
  Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing   Final  26 October 2022  
Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  145 of 176 2.80 Stenotaphrum  
The following requirements only apply to species in the Plant Biosecurity Index listed under Import 
Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Stenotaphrum ”. 
Approved c ountries : All 
Quarantine pests: Panicum mosaic virus  
Import  permit : Required  
PEQ:  Level 3 B 
Minimum PEQ p eriod : 1 growing season  
Approved treatment : Not required  
Phytosanitary certificate:  Required  
2.80.1   Phytosanitary certificate  
(1) If satisfied that the pre -shipment activities have been undertaken, the exporting country NPPO must 
confirm this by providing the certifying statement as per Part 1.5.2 of this import health standard.  
 
Guidance  
• Prospective importers who wish to import eli gible species of seed under this IHS schedule should 
contact MPI at PlantImports@mpi.govt.nz  well in advance of their intended import to discuss their 
importation plans and apply for an import permit. This is  because MPI will need to undertake a risk 
assessment that could potentially lead to changes being made to import requirements and this could 
lead to longer timeframes for issuance of a permit . 
 
 
 
 
  Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing   Final  26 October 2022  
Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  146 of 176 2.81 Trigonella foenum -graecum  
The following requirements only apply to species in the Plant Biosecurity Index listed under Import 
Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Trigonella foenum -graecum ”. 
Approved c ountries : All 
Quarantine pests: Cercosporidium traversiana, Trogoderma  spp. 
Import permit: Not required  
PEQ : Not required  
Phytosanitary certificate:  Required  
2.81.1  Approved treatments  
(1) All Trigonella foenum -graecum  seeds must be treated as per MPI Standard MPI-ABTRT  Approved 
Biosecurity Treatments . 
2.81.2   Phytosanitary certificate - Additional declaration  
(1) The exporting country NPPO must confirm any treatment(s) as required by the IHS in the dis infestation 
and/or disinfection treatment section.  
(2) If satisfied that the pre -shipment activities have been undertaken, the exporting country NPPO must 
confirm this by providing the certifying statement as per Part 1.5.2 of this import health standard and 
also the following additional declaration(s)  to the phytosanitary certificate:  
a) “The Trigonella foenum -graecum  seeds have been:  
i) produced in  a ‘pest free area’ free from Cercosporidium traversiana;    
OR 
ii) produced in  a ‘pest free place of production’ free from Cercosporidium traversiana .  
 
Guidance  
•  Refer to Clause 1.11  of MPI Standard MPI-ABTRT  Approved Biosecurity Treatments . 
  Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing   Final  26 October 2022  
Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  147 of 176 2.82 Triticum  
The following requirements only apply to species in the Plant Biosecurity Index listed under Import 
Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Triticum ”. 
Approved c ountries : Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France , 
Germany, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, The Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, 
Switzerland, United Kingdom and United States of America.  
Quarantine pests: Refer to “Pest List for Triticum”.  
Import permit: Not required  
PEQ : Not re quired  
Phytosanitary certificate:  Required  
2.82.1   Approved treatments  
(1) In lieu of pest free area for Alternaria triticina, Cephalosporium gramineum, and Curvularia verruculosa  
all Triticum  seeds must be treated as per MPI Standard MPI-ABTRT  Approved Biosecurity Treatments  
2.82.2   Phytosanitary Certificate - Additional declarations  
(1) The exporting country NPPO must confirm any treatment(s) as required by the IHS in the dis infestation 
and/or disinfection treatment section.  
(2) If satisfied that the pre -shipment activities have been undertaken, the exporting country NPPO must 
confirm this by providing the certifying statement as per Part 1.5.2 of this import health standard and 
also the following additional declaration(s)  to the phytosanitary certificate:  
a) “The Triticum  seeds have been:  
i) produced in  a ‘pest free area’ free from the named regulated bacteria ( Rathayibacter tritici , 
Xanthomonas campestris pv. undulosa ) and viruses ( High plains virus, Indian peanut 
clump virus )”; 
OR 
ii) “produced in  a ‘pest free place of production’ free from the named regulated bacteria 
(Rathayibacter tritici, Xanthomonas campestris  pv. undulosa ) and viruses ( High plains 
virus, Indian peanut clu mp virus )”. 
AND  
b) “The Triticum  seeds have been:  
i)  produced in  a ‘pest free area’ free from Anguina tritici” ,  
OR  
ii) “produced in  a ‘pest free place of production’ free from Anguina tritici” , 
OR 
iii) “inspected microscopically in accordance with official procedures and Anguina tritici  was 
not detected ”. 
AND  Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing   Final  26 October 2022  
Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  148 of 176 c) “The Triticum  seeds have been:  
i) produced in  a ‘pest free area’ free from the named regulated fungi ( Alternaria triticina, 
Cephalosporium gramineum, Curvularia verruculosa )”; 
OR 
ii) “treated with one of the fungicide combinations in MPI approv ed treatments ”;  
AND  
d) “The Triticum  seeds have been:  
i) produced in  a ‘pest free area’ free from Tilletia controversa  and Tilletia indica” ; 
OR 
ii) “produced in  a ‘pest free place of production’ free from Tilletia controversa  and Tilletia 
indica  and treated with an approved fungicide treatment”;  
OR  
iii) “a representative sample of 600 seeds, drawn from this consignment according to the 
International Seed Testing Associations methodology, has been tested for Tilletia 
controversa  and Tilletia indica  (and no spores of Tilletia controversa  or Tilletia indica  were 
found in a representative sample of 600 seeds drawn from this consignment) AND treated 
with an approved fungicide treatment”.  
2.82.3  Testing requirements  
(1) Testing is required to be completed offshore prior to export, or on arrival in New Zealand.  
(2) Pre-export  testing for each seed lot must be endorsed by the NPPO on the phytosanitary certificate, or 
if tested on arrival in New Zealand, must be completed by an MPI -approved testing laboratory.  
 
Guidance  
•  Refer to Clause 1.11  of MPI Standard MPI-ABTRT  Approved Biosecurity Treatments . 
 
  Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing   Final  26 October 2022  
Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  149 of 176 Pest list for  Triticum  REGULATED PESTS (actionable)  
Insect      
 
Insecta   
  
Blattodea   
   
Blattidae   
    
Blatta orientalis  oriental cockroach    
Coleoptera   
   
Bostrichidae   
    
Dinoderus distinctus  bostrichid beetle      
Prostephanus truncatus  larger grain borer     
Bruchidae   
    
Callosobruchus chinensis  oriental cowpea weevil     
Curculionidae   
    
Caulophilus oryzae  broadnosed grain weevil     
Dermestidae   
    
Trogoderma glabrum  khapra beetle      
Trogoderma granarium  khapra beetle      
Trogoderma grassmani  trogoderma beetle      
Trogoderma inclusum  trogoderma beetle      
Trogoderma ornatum  trogoderma beetle      
Trogoderma simplex  dermestid beetle      
Trogoderma sternale  dermestid beetle      
Trogoderma variabile  warehouse beetle     
Languriidae   
    
Pharaxonotha kirschii  Mexican grain beetle     
Tenebrionidae   
    
Cynaeus angustus  larger black flour beetle      
Latheticus oryzae  longheaded flour beetle      
Palorus ratzeburgi  smalleyed flour beetle      
Palorus subdepressus  depressed flour beetle      
Tribolium audax  american  black flour beetle      
Tribolium freemani  flour beetle      
Ulomoides dermestoides  darkling beetle    
Diptera   
   
Cecidomyiidae   
    
Contarinia pisi  pea midge    
Lepidoptera   
   
Noctuidae   
    
Faronta albilinea  wheat head armyworm     
Pyralidae   
    
Corcyra cephalonica  rice moth      
Paralipsa gularis  stored nut moth     
Tineidae   
    
Cephitinea colonella  grain moth      
Haplotinea insectella  casemaking moth    
Psocoptera   Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing   Final  26 October 2022  
Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  150 of 176    
Liposcelidae   
    
Troctes minutus  psocid  
Mite     
 
Arachnida    
  
Acarina   
   
Acaridae   
    
Caloglyphus krameri   
    
Michaelopus macfarlanei   
   
Eriophyidae   
    
Aceria tulipae (vector)  wheat curl mite      
Aceria tosichella  wheat curl mite     
Tarsonemidae   
    
Tarsonemus granarius   
   
Tuckerellidae   
    
Tuckerella ablutus   
    
unknown Acarina   
    
Paratriophtydeus coineaurius   
Nematode     
 
Secernentea   
  
Tylenchida   
   
Anguinidae   
    
Anguina tritici [vector]  seed gall nematode  
Fungus      
 
Basidiomycota: Ustomycetes   
  
Ustilaginales   
   
Tilletiaceae   
    
Tilletia controversa  dwarf bunt      
Tilletia indica  karnal bunt  
Mitosporic fungi (Hyphomycetes)   
Hyphomycetales    
Dematiaceae      
Alternaria triticina   
    
Curvularia verruculosa   
  
Moniliaceae      
Cephalosporium gramineum  stripe    
Corynebacteriaceae      
Rathayibacter tritici  yellow ear rot    
Pseudomonadaceae      
Xanthomonas campestris pv. 
undulosa  leaf streak  
Virus      
  
High plains virus   
  
Indian peanut clump virus   
 
  Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing   Final  26 October 2022  
Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  151 of 176 2.83 Ulmus  
The following requirements only apply to species in the Plant Biosecurity Index listed under Import 
Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Ulmus ”. 
Approved c ountries:  All 
Quarantine pests: Cherry leaf roll virus, Elm mottle virus  
Import permit: Not required  
PEQ: Not required   
Approved treatment: Not required  
Phytosanitary certificate:  Required  
2.83.1   Phytosanitary Certificate - Additional declaration  
(1) If satisfied that the pre -shipment activities have been undertaken, the exporting countr y NPPO must 
confirm this by providing the certifying statement as per Part 1.5.2 of this import health standard and 
also the following additional declaration(s)  to the phytosanitary certificate:  
a) “The Ulmus seeds have been:  
i) produced in  trees which were offi cially inspected during the growing season and no Cherry 
leaf roll virus  or Elm mottle virus  was detected;  
OR 
ii) produced in  an area where Cherry leaf roll virus  and Elm mottle virus  are not known to 
occur”.  
   Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing   Final  26 October 2022  
Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  152 of 176 2.84 Vaccinium  
The following requirements only apply to species in the Plant Biosecurity Index listed under Import 
Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Vaccinium ”. 
Approved c ountries:  All 
Quarantine pests: Refer to pest list for Vaccinium   
Import permit : Required.  
PEQ:  Level 3 B 
Minimum P EQ p eriod : 6 months  
Approved treatment : Not requir ed 
Phytosanitary certificate:  Required  
2.84.1   Phytosanitary cerificate  
(1) If satisfied that the pre -shipment activities have been undertaken, the exporting country NPPO must 
confirm this by providing the certifying statement as per Part 1.5.2 of this import health standard.  
2.84.2   Inspection and testing requirements  
Organism  MPI acc eptable detection methods  
Diaporthe vaccinii  Growing season inspection in PEQ for disease symptom expression.  
Botryosphaeria vaccinii  Growing season inspection in PEQ for disease symptom expression.  
Monilinia fructigena  Growing season inspection in PEQ  for disease symptom expression.  
Monilinia vaccinii -corymbosi  Growing season inspection in PEQ for disease symptom expression.  
Blueberry shock virus * ELISA (Agdia) or PCR AND herbaceous indicators Nb, Nc.  
Blueberry leaf mottle virus * ELISA (Agdia) or PCR AND herbaceous indicators Cq, Nc.  
Peach rosette mosaic virus * ELISA (Agdia) or PCR AND herbaceous indicators Ca, Cq  
Tomato ringspot virus * ELISA (Agdia) or PCR AND herbaceous indicators Cq, Nc.  
Indicator hosts: Chenopodium amarantic olor (Ca), C. quinoa  (Cq), Nicotiana benthamiana  (Nb), and N. clevelandi  (Nc).  
(1) For bioassay and ELISA, plants shall be sampled from at least two positions on every stem including a 
young, fully expanded leaflet at the top of each stem and an older leaflet from a midway position.  
(2) Indicator plants must be grown under appropriate temperatures.  
(3) Indicator plants must be shaded for 12 -24 hrs prior to inoculation.  
(4) Maintain post -inoculated indicator species under appropriate glasshouse conditions for at least 4 
weeks. 
(5) Inspect plants at least once per week for signs of pest and disease.  
(6) Inspect inoculated herbaceous indicator plants at least twice per week for symptoms of virus infection..  
(7) PCR and ELISA need to be validated using positive controls/reference material prior to use in 
quarantine testing.  Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing   Final  26 October 2022  
Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  153 of 176 (8) At least two plants of each indicator species unless otherwise stated must be used in mechanical 
inoculation tests.  
(9) Positive and negative controls must be used in ELISA tests.  
(10) For ELISA tests,  the unit for testing is an individual seedling because of the presence of pollen 
transmitted viruses for which pre -determined testing is required (deno ted by ‘*’ in the table above).  
(11) Testing must be carried out on plants while they are in active growth.  Positive and negative controls 
(including a blank water control) must be used in PCR.  
 
Guidance  
• Positive internal controls and a negative plant control should be used.  
• Internal controls in PCR tests are important to avoid the risk of false negatives.  
 
  Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing   Final  26 October 2022  
Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  154 of 176 Pest list for Vaccinium  REGULATED PESTS (actionable)  
Fungus   
Ascomycota   
Diaporthales  
Valsaceae    
Diaporthe vaccinii (anamorph 
Phomopsis vaccinii)  twig blight  
Dothideales  
Botryosphaeriaceae    
Botryosphaeria vaccinii (anamorph 
Phyllosticta elongata)   
Leotiales  
Sclerotiniaceae    
Monilinia fructigena (anamorph 
Monilia fructigena)  european brown rot  
  
Monilinia vaccinii -corymbosi  brown rot  
Virus  
Bromoviridae   
Ilarvirus   
  
Blueberry shock virus   
Comoviridae   
 
Nepovirus   
  
Blueberry leaf mottle virus   
  
Peach rosette mosaic virus   
  
Tomato ringspot virus [strains not in 
New Zealand]   
  Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing   Final  26 October 2022  
Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  155 of 176 2.85 Vicia  
The following requirements only apply to species in the Plant Biosecurity Index listed under Import 
Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Vicia ”. 
Approved c ountries:  Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, 
Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, United Kingdom 
and United States of America.  
Quarantine pests:  Refer to pest list for Vicia  
Import permit : Not required.  
PEQ : Not required  
Phytosanitary certificate:  Required  
2.85.1  Approved treatments  
(1) All Vicia  seeds must be treated as per MPI Standard MPI-ABTRT  Approved Biosecurity Treatments . 
2.85.2  Phytosanitary certificate - Additional declarations  
(1) The exporting country NPPO must confirm any treatment(s) as required by the IHS in the disinfestation 
and/or disinfection treatment section.  
(2) If satisfied that the pre -shipment activities have been undert aken, the exporting country NPPO must 
confirm this by providing the certifying statement as per Part 1.5.2 of this import health standard and 
also the following additional declaration(s)  to the phytosanitary certificate:  
a) “The Vicia seeds have been:  
i) produce d in a “pest free area’ free from the named regulated viruses ( Artichoke yellow 
ringspot virus, Broad bean mottle virus, Broad bean stain virus, Broad bean true mosaic 
virus, Pea early -browning virus )”. 
OR 
ii) “produced in  a ‘pest free place of production’ fre e from the named regulated viruses 
(Artichoke yellow ringspot virus, Broad bean mottle virus, Broad bean stain virus, Broad 
bean true mosaic virus, Pea early -browning virus )”. 
 
Guidance  
• Refer to Clause 1.11  of MPI Standard MPI-ABTRT  Approved Biosecurity Treatments . 
 
  Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing   Final  26 October 2022  
Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  156 of 176 Pest list for Vicia  REGULATED PESTS (actionable)  
Insect      
 
Insecta   
  
Coleoptera   
   
Bruchidae   
    
Bruchidius incarnatus  seed beetle      
Bruchidius quinqueguttatus  bruchid beetle      
Bruchus atomarius  bruchid beetle      
Bruchus dentipes  bruchid beetle      
Bruchus pisorum  pea weevil      
Bruchus rufimanus  broad bean weevil      
Callosobruchus chinensis  oriental cowpea weevil      
Callosobruchus maculatus  cowpea weevil      
Callosobruchus phaseoli  cowpea weevil     
Dermestidae   
    
Trogoderma granarium  khapra beetle     
Tenebrionidae   
    
Tribolium destructor  dark flour beetle    
Diptera   
   
Cecidomyiidae   
    
Contarinia pisi  pea midge    
Lepidoptera   
   
Lycaenidae   
    
Virachola livia  pomegranate butterfly  
Virus      
    
Artichoke yellow ringspot virus   
    
Broad bean mottle virus   
    
Broad bean stain virus   
    
Broad bean true mosaic virus   
    
Pea early -browning virus   
  Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing   Final  26 October 2022  
Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  157 of 176 2.86 Vigna  
The following requirements only apply to species in the Plant Biosecurity Index listed under Import 
Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Vigna ”. 
Approved c ountries:  All 
Quarantine pests:  Curtobacterium flaccumfaciens  pv. flaccumfaciens , Xanthomo nas campestris  pv. 
vignicola, Earias vitella, Maruca testulalis, Trogoderma  spp. 
Import permit: Not required  
PEQ : Not required  
Approved treatment : Not required  
Phytosanitary certificate:  Required  
2.86.1   Phytosanitary certificate - Additional declarations  
(1) If satisfied that the pre -shipment activities have been undertaken, the exporting country NPPO must 
confirm this by providing the certifying statement as per Part 1.5.2 of this import health standard and  
also the following additional declaration(s)  to the phytosanitary certificate:  
a) “The Vigna  seed have been:  
i) collected from plants  which were inspected during the growing season according to 
appropriate procedures and no Curtobacterium flaccumfaciens  pv. flaccumfaciens  or 
Xanthomonas campestris  pv. vignicola  was detected.  
OR 
ii) produced in  an area where Curtobacterium flaccumfaciens  pv. flaccumfaciens  and 
Xanthom onas campestris  pv. vignicola  are not known to occur”.  
AND [For seed in pods]:  
b) “The Vigna  seed pods were inspected before export and no caterpillars of Earias vitella  or 
Maruca testulalis  were found in a 600 unit sample”.  
 
  Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing   Final  26 October 2022  
Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  158 of 176 2.87 Vitis  
The following requirements only apply to species in the Plant Biosecurity Index listed under Import 
Specifications  for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Vitis”. 
Approved c ountries:  All 
Quarantine pests:  Grapevine angular mosaic virus, Grapevine Bulgarian latent virus, Grapevine chrome 
mosaic virus, Grapevine fanleaf virus  [strains not in New Zealand], Grapevine line patter n virus, Grapevine 
yellow speckle viroid -2, Peach rosette mosaic virus, Tomato ringspot virus . 
Import permit : Required  
PEQ:  Level 2  
Minimum  PEQ  period:  3 months  
Approved treatment : Not required  
Phytosanitary certificate:  Required  
2.87.1   Phytosanitary certificate  
(1) If satisfied that the pre -shipment activities have been undertaken, the exporting country NPPO must 
confirm this by providing the certifying statement as per Part 1.5.2 of this import health standard.  
2.87.2   Inspection and testing requirements  
Organism  MPI acceptable detection methods  
Grapevine angular mosaic virus  Growing season inspection  
Grapevine Bulgarian latent virus  Herbaceous indicators (Ca and Cq)   
Grapevine chrome mosaic virus  Herbaceous indic ators (Ca, Cq, Cs and Nt)  
Grapevine fanleaf virus  [strains not in 
New Zealand]  ELISA or PCR AND herbaceous indicators (Ca, Cq and Cs)  
Grapevine line pattern virus  Growing season inspection  
Grapevine yellow speckle viroid -2 PCR and Growing season inspection  
Peach rosette mosaic virus * ELISA or PCR AND herbaceous indicators (Ca, Cq, Cs and Nt)  
Tomato ringspot virus * ELISA or PCR AND herbaceous indicators (Ca and Cq)  
Herbaceous indexing will use the indicators Ca - Chenopodium amaranticolor, Cq - Chenopodium quinoa, Cs - Cucumis 
sativus and Nt - Nicotiana tabacum.  
(1) Tests are to be carried out on plants germinated from the imported seeds.  
(2) The quarantine period will begi n once the plants have entered a period of active growth and have two 
fully expanded leaves.  
(3) Virus testing is to be conducted on new spring growth. For each plant, at least two fully -expanded 
leaves must be sampled from different branches of the main stem,  one a younger leaf and one an 
older leaf.  
(4) For ELISA tests, the unit for testing is an individual seedling because of the presence of pollen 
transmitted viruses for which pre -determined testing is required (denoted by ‘*’ in the table above).  Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing   Final  26 October 2022  
Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  159 of 176 (5) All PCR and ELISA tests must be validated using positive controls prior to use in quarantine testing. 
Positive and negative controls (including a blank water control for PCR) must be used in all tests.  
(6) At least two plants of each herbaceous indicator species must be used in each test. Herbaceous 
indicator plants must be grown under appropriate temperatures and must be shaded for 24 hrs prior to 
inoculation. Maintain post -inoculated indicator species under appropriate glasshouse conditions for at 
least 4 weeks. Inspect  inoculated indicator plants at least twice per week for symptoms of virus 
infection.  
(7) Inspection of the Vitis plants by the operator of the PEQ facility for signs of pest and disease must be 
at least twice per week while in active growth. A record of inspe ctions carried out by the Operator is to 
be kept and made available to the MPI Inspector on request.  
 
Guidance  
• Positive internal controls and a negative plant control should be used.  
• Internal controls in PCR tests are important to avoid the risk of false negatives.  
  Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing   Final  26 October 2022  
Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  160 of 176 2.88 Zea 
The following requirements only apply to species in the Plant Biosecurity Index listed under Import 
Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Zea”. 
Approved countries: Australia, Austria, Canada, Chile, Finland, France, German y, Greece, Hungary, Japan, 
the Netherlands, Norway, South Africa, Sweden, Switzerland, the United Kingdom and the United States of 
America . 
Quarantine pests: Acidovorax avenae subsp. avenae, Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. nebraskensis, 
Pantoea stewartii, High plains virus, Maize dwarf mosaic virus, Maize chlorotic mottle virus, Sugarcane 
mosaic virus, Botryosphaeria zeae, Cochliobolus pallescens, Cochliobolus tuberculatus, Claviceps gigantea, 
Gloeocercospora sorghi, Ustilago maydis, Peronosclero spora heteropogoni, P. maydis, P. philippinensis, P. 
sacchari, P.  sorghi,  Sclerophthora rayssiae var. zeae,  Stenocarpella macrospora and Cephalosporium 
maydis.  
Regulated pests:  Refer to pest list for Zea  
Import  Permit : Permit n ot required, unless seeds ar e to be grown in PEQ.  
PEQ : Not required, unless imported under options 2.2.2 or 2.2.3 of the MPI Protocol  for Testing for the 
Presence of Genetically Modified Plant Material . 
Phytosanitary certificate:  Required  
2.88.1  Approved treatments  
(1) In lieu of pest free area for the regulated fungi specified a ll Zea seeds must be treated as per MPI 
Standard MPI-ABTRT  Approved Biosecurity Treatments . 
2.88.2  Phytosanitary certificate - Additional declarations  
(1) The exporting country NPPO must confirm any treatment(s) as required by the IHS in the disinfestation 
and/or disinfection treatment section.  
(2) If satisfied that the pre -shipment activities have been undertaken, the exporting country NPPO must 
confirm this by providing the certifying statement as per P art 1.5.2 of this import health standard and 
also the following additional declaration(s)  to the phytosanitary certificate:  
The Zea seeds have been  
a) For Acidovorax avenae  subsp. avenae  and Clavibacter michiganensis  subsp . nebraskensis :  
i) produced in  a ‘pest free area’ free from the named regulated bacteria Acidovorax avenae  
subsp. avenae  and Clavibacter michiganensis  subsp. nebraskensis . 
OR 
ii) produced in  a ‘pest free place of production’ free from the named regulated bacteria 
Acidovorax avenae  subsp. avenae  and Clavibacter michiganensis  subsp. nebraskensis . 
OR 
iii) a representative sample, officially drawn from this consignment according to ISTA or 
AOSA methodology, has been tested for the presence of and found free from the named 
regulated bacteria Acidovor ax avenae  subsp. avenae  and Clavibacter michiganensis  
subsp. nebraskensis . 
OR Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing   Final  26 October 2022  
Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  161 of 176 iv) For seed lots with less than 15,000 seeds  - produced from parent plants that were  
officially inspected during the active growing period and at the fruit maturity stage before 
seeds were  harvested, according to appropriate procedures, and found free from 
Acidovorax avenae subsp. avenae  and Clavibacter michiganensis  subsp. nebraskensis . 
b) For Pantoea stewartii : 
i) produced in  a ‘pest free area’ free  from the named regulated bacteria Pantoea stewartii . 
OR 
ii) produced in  a ‘pest free place of production’ free from the named regulated bacteria 
Pantoea stewartii . 
OR 
iii) a representative sample, officially drawn from this consignment according to ISTA or 
AOSA me thodology, has been tested for the presence of and found free from the named 
regulated bacteria Pantoea stewartii . 
OR 
iv) For seed lots with less than 15,000 seeds  – produced in a place of production or 
production site where control of vectors of Pantoea stewartii  was carried out appropriately ; 
and are from parent plants that were  officially inspected during the active growing period 
and at the fruit maturity stage before seeds  were  harvested, according to appropriate 
procedures, and found free from  Pantoea stewartii .  
c) For High plains virus  and Maize dwarf mosaic virus :  
i) produced in  a ‘pest free area’ free from the named regulated viruses High plains virus  and 
Maize dwarf mosaic virus . 
OR 
ii) produced in  a ‘pest free place of production’ free from the named regulated viruses High 
plains virus and Maize dwarf mosaic virus . 
OR 
iii) a representative sample, officially drawn from this consignment according to ISTA or 
AOSA methodology, has been tested for the presence of and found free from the named 
regulated viruses High plains virus and Maize dwarf mosaic virus . 
OR 
iv) For seed lots with  less than 15,000 seeds  - produced from parent plants that were  
officially  sampled according to an NPPO -approved methodology during the active growing 
period and tested according to an NPPO -approved methodology and found free from  High 
plains virus and Maize dwarf mosaic viru s.  
d) For Maize chlorotic mottle virus  and Sugarcane mosaic virus : 
i) produced in  a ‘pest free area’ free from the named regulated viruses Maize chlorotic mottle  
virus and S ugarcane mosaic virus . 
OR 
ii) a representative sample, officially drawn from this consignment according to ISTA or 
AOSA methodology, has been tested for and found free from the named regulated viruses 
Maize chlorotic mottle  virus and S ugarcane mosaic virus . 
OR 
iii) For seed lots with less t han 15,000 seeds : produced from parent plants that were 
officially sampled according to an NPPO -approved methodology during the active growing Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing   Final  26 October 2022  
Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  162 of 176 period and tested according to an NPPO -approved methodology and found free from 
Maize chlorotic mottle  virus and Sugarcane mosaic virus.  
e) For Botryosphaeria zeae, Cochliobolus pallescens, Cochliobolus tuberculatus, Claviceps 
gigantea, Gloeocercospora sorghi, Ustilago maydis, Peronosclerospora heteropogoni, 
Peronosclerospora maydis, Peronosclerospora philippinensis, Pe ronosclerospora sacchari, 
Peronosclerospora sorghi, Sclerophthora rayssiae var. zeae, Stenocarpella macrospora and 
Cephalosporium maydis : 
i) produced in  a ‘pest free area’ free from the named regulated fungi Botryosphaeria zeae, 
Cochliobolus pallescens, Cochliobolus tuberculatus, Claviceps gigantea, Gloeocercospora 
sorghi, Ustilago maydis, Peronosclerospora heteropogoni, Peronosclerospora maydis, 
Peronosc lerospora philippinensis, Peronosclerospora sacchari, Peronosclerospora sorghi, 
Sclerophthora rayssiae var. zeae, Stenocarpella macrospora and Cephalosporium maydis . 
OR 
ii) treated with one of the fungicide combinations in MP I approved treatments . 
 
Guidance  
• Refer to Clause 1.11 of MPI Standard MPI-ABTRT  Approved Biosecurity Treatments . 
• Countries that MPI recognise s endorsing “Pest free area” as an additional declaration for Sugarcane 
mosaic virus  are as follow s:  
− Australia, Austria, Canada, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Japan, the Netherlands, 
Norway, South Africa, Sweden, Switzerland, the United Kingdo m and the United States of America  
• For measures involving testing and inspection of parent plants, the measures must be applied for every 
parent plant (both the seed parent and the pollinator parent) used to produce the seed lot.  
2.88.3  GM seed testing  
(1) In addit ion to the phytosanitary requirements above, all consig nments of Zea mays  (sweet corn, maize) 
are required to be representatively sampled, tested, and found to be free of unapproved GM seed 
according to the Protocol (refer to Part 1.5.4: Genetically Modifi ed Testing Certificate ).  
 
Guidance  
• The MPI Protocol for testing for the presence of genetically modified plant material can be found at 
https://www.mpi.govt.nz/document -vault/10250   
• More information on genetically modified seeds can also be found at 
https://www.mpi.govt.nz/importing/plants/seeds -for-sowing/genetically -modified -seeds/  
• Popcorn does not require GM testing. The full scientific name must be specified on the phytosanitary 
certificate (e.g. Zea mays  var. everta ) to enable popcorn to be given clearance without a GM testing 
certificate.  
2.88.4  Testing requirements  
(1) Testing is required to be completed offshore prior to export , or on arrival in New Zealand .  
(2) Pre-export testing for each seed lot must be endorsed by the NPPO on the phytosanitary certificate, or 
if tested on arrival in New Zealand, must be completed by an MPI -approv ed testing laboratory . 
(3) Pantoea stewartii : A negative result from testing a representative sample of a minimum of 400 seeds, 
using the immunosorbent assay test described by Lamka et al.  (1991), may be used to show the 
consignment is free of Pantoea stewarti i subsp. stewartii . 
(4) Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. neb raskensis : A negative result from testing a representative 
sample of a minimum of 400 seeds, using the sCNS Culture Plate Method (Shepherd, 199 9; Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing   Final  26 October 2022  
Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  163 of 176 www .seedhealth.org ), may be used to show the consignm ent is free of Claviba cter mic higanensi s 
subsp.  Nebraskensis . 
(5) Acidovorax avenae subsp.  avenae : A negative result from testing a representative sample of a 
minimum of 400 seeds, using the methodology of Dange et al. (1978), may be used to show the 
consignment is free of Acidovorax aven ae subsp . Avenae . 
(6) High plains virus: A negative result  from test ing a representative sample of seeds using greenhouse 
grow -out tests and ELISA testing as described  by Forster et al. (2001) and Crop Plant Compendium 
2003 , or a representative sample of a minimum of 3000 seeds , using a PCR NPPO approved method , 
such as Le bas et al. (2005) , may be used to show that the consignment is free  of High plains virus . 
(7) Maize dwarf mosaic virus: A negative result from testing a representative sample of a minimum of 
2000 seeds, using  an NPPO approved method , may be used to show the consignment  is free of Maize 
dwarf mosaic virus . 
(8) Maize chlorotic mottle virus:  A negative result from testing a representative sample of a minimum of 
3000 seeds, u sing ELISA or PCR testing, may be used to show the consignment is free f rom Maize 
chlorotic mottle virus . 
(9) Sugarcane mosaic virus : A negative result from testing a representative sample of a minimum of 
2000 seeds, using an NPPO approved method, may be used to show the consignment is free of 
Sugarcane mosaic  virus . 
 
(10) For seed lots of 15,000 or more seeds : 
a) A representative sample of a minimum of 3 ,400 seeds, officially drawn according to ISTA or 
AOSA methodology is required from each seed lot and tested as specified in the schedule . 
(11) For seed lots with less than 15,000 seeds : 
a) Two composite sample s, one  of a minimum of 3 ,000 seeds  and one of a minimum of 400 seeds,  
must be officially drawn across all seed lots of the same seed species in a consignment, which 
must have been produced at the same place of production or production site .  
(12) To achieve a composite sample, proportionate sampling must be carried out  across all lots imported. 
One sample of seeds must be drawn from each imported lot within a consignment, adding up to 3 ,000 
seeds , and a second sample of seeds must be drawn from each imported lot within a consignment, 
adding up to 400 seeds . The size of the sample from each lot must be proportionate to the size of the 
imported lot within the consignment.  
(13) A minimum of 3,000 seeds must be tested for the presence of High plains virus, Maize dwarf mosaic 
virus, Maize chlorotic mottle virus  and Sugarcane mosai c virus  and a minimum of 400 seeds must be 
tested for the presence of Acidovorax avenae subsp.  avenae, Clavibacter michiganensis subsp.  
nebraskensis and Pantoea stewartii.  References:  
• Dange SRS, Payak MM, Renfro BL, 1978. Seed transmission of Pseudomonas rubrilineans, the incitant 
of bacterial leaf stripe of maize. Indian Phytopathology 31(4):523 -524. 
• Forster RL, Seifers DL, Strausbaugh  CA, Jensen SG, Ball EM, Harvey TL, 2001. Seed transmission of 
the High Plains virus in sweet corn. Plant Disease 85(7):696 -699. 
• Lamka, G L; Hill, J H; McGee, D C; and Braun, E J. 1991: Development of an immunosorbent assay for 
seedborne Pantoea stewartii subsp. stewartii in corn seeds. Phytopathology 81:839 -846. 
• Lebas, B.S.; Ochoa -Corona, F.M.; Elliot, D.R.; Tang, Z. and Alexander, B.J.R. 2005. Development of an 
RT-PCR for High Plains virus indexing scheme in New Zealand post entry quarantine. Plant Diseas e, 
89:1103 -1108.  
• Shepherd, L.M. 1999:  Detection and transmission of Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. nebraskensis of 
corn. Ms Thesis, Iowa State University,  Ames, IA.  Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing   Final  26 October 2022  
Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  164 of 176 (14) All importers who test a composite sample on  arrival in New Zealand must make a declaration  to 
identify the place of production or production site of the lots that form the composite sample.  
 
Guidance  
• The sample size from each lot to form the composite sample s should be calculated as follows:  
− The proportion of each lot in the total consignment (seed number) is calculated using the following 
equation:  
𝑃𝑟𝑜𝑝𝑜𝑟𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛  𝑜𝑓 𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙  𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑠𝑖𝑔𝑛𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡  𝑠𝑖𝑧𝑒 = 𝑁𝑜.  𝑜𝑓 𝑠𝑒𝑒𝑑𝑠  𝑖𝑛 𝑒𝑎𝑐ℎ 𝑙𝑜𝑡
𝑇𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙  𝑛𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟  𝑜𝑓 𝑠𝑒𝑒𝑑𝑠  𝑖𝑛 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑠𝑖𝑔𝑛𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡  
− Calculate the sample size for each lot (number of seeds) using a total composite sample size s of 
3,000 seeds  and 400 seeds :  
𝑆𝑎𝑚𝑝𝑙𝑒  𝑠𝑖𝑧𝑒  𝑜𝑓 𝑒𝑎𝑐ℎ 𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒= 3,000 seeds  × 𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑝𝑜𝑟𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛  𝑜𝑓 𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙  𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑠𝑖𝑔𝑛𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡  𝑠𝑖𝑧𝑒   
𝑆𝑎𝑚𝑝𝑙𝑒  𝑠𝑖𝑧𝑒  𝑜𝑓 𝑒𝑎𝑐ℎ 𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒= 400 seeds  × 𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑝𝑜𝑟𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛  𝑜𝑓 𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙  𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑠𝑖𝑔𝑛𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡  𝑠𝑖𝑧𝑒   
− For the first composite sample, t ake the sum of  the sample size for each lot to check that the total 
composite sample for the consignment is at least 3 ,000 seeds.  For the second composite sample, 
take the sum of the sample size for each lot to check that the total composite sample for the 
consignment i s at least 400 seeds.  
  Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing   Final  26 October 2022  
Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  165 of 176 Pest list for  Zea REGULATED PESTS (actionable)  
Insect      
 Insecta  
   Bostrichidae  
    Dinoderus distinctus  bostrichid beetle  
    Dinoderus minutus  bamboo powderpost beetle  
    Prostephanus truncatus  larger grain borer  
   Cucujidae  
    Cathartus quadricollis  squarenecked grain beetle  
  Curculionidae  
    Caulophilus oryzae  broadnosed grain weevil  
  Dermestidae      
Attagenus unicolor  black carpet beetle      
Trogoderma glabrum  khapra beetle  
    Trogoderma granarium  khapra beetle  
    Trogoderma inclusum  trogoderma beetle      
Trogoderma variabile  warehouse beetle  
  Histeridae      
Teretriosoma nigrescens      
Languriidae  
    Pharaxonotha kirschiI  Mexican grain beetle  
  Melyridae  
  Nitidulidae  
    Carpophilus freemani  dried fruit beetle  
    Carpophilus lugubris  dusky sap beetle  
    Glischrochilus quadrisignatus  four-spotted sap beetle  
  Ptinidae  
    Gibbium psylloides  shiny spider beetle  
  Scolytidae  
    Pagiocerus frontalis  bark borer  
  Tenebrionidae  
    Alphitobius laevigatus  black fungus beetle  
    Cynaeus angustus  larger black flour beetle  
    Gnatocerus maxillosus  slenderhorned flour beetle      
Latheticus oryzae  longheaded flour beetle      
Palorus ratzeburgi  smalleyed flour beetle      
Palorus subdepressus  depressed flour beetle      
Tribolium freemani  flour beetle   
Diptera    
Otitidae      
Euxesta stigmatias    
 
Hemiptera  
  Coreidae  
    Leptoglossus zonatus  coreid bug  
 Lepidoptera  
  Cosmopterigidae  Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing   Final  26 October 2022  
Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  166 of 176     Pyroderces rileyi  pink scavenger caterpillar  
 Noctuidae  
    Sesamia calamistis  pink stalk borer  
    Sesamia nonagrioides  pink borer  
 Pyralidae      
Corcyra cephalonica  rice moth      
Doloessa viridis        
Mussidia nigrivenella  pyralid moth      
Paralipsa gularis  stored nut moth  
 Tortricidae  
    Cryptophlebia leucotreta  false codling moth  
Psocoptera  
 Liposcelidae  
    Liposcelis bostrychophilus  booklouse      
Liposcelis entomophilus  grain psocid      
Liposcelis paetus  booklouse   
Trogiidae      
Lepinotus reticulatus   
Mite     
 Arachnida  
  Acarina  
   Pyemotidae      
Acaropsellina sollers   
Fungus      
 Ascomycota  
  Dothideales  
  Botryosphaeriaceae      
Botryosphaeria zeae (anamorph 
macrophoma zeae)  grey ear rot  
  Pleosporaceae      
Cochliobolus pallescens  
(anamorph Curvularia pallescens)  - 
    
Cochliobolus tuberculatus 
(anamorph Curvularia tuberculata)  leaf spot  
    Gloeocercospora sorghi  zonate leaf spot  
 Hypocreales  
  Clavicipitaceae  
    Claviceps gigantea  ergot  
 Basidiomycota  
 Ustomycetes  
  Ustilaginales  
   Ustilaginaceae  
    Ustilago maydis  boil smut  
Mitosporic Fungi ( Coelomycetes)   
 Sphaerioidales  
 Sphaerioidaceae  
    Stenocarpella macrospora  dry rot of maize  Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing   Final  26 October 2022  
Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  167 of 176 Mitosporic Fungi ( Hyphomycetes)  
 Hyphomycetales  
  Moniliaceae  
    Cephalosporium maydis   
Oomycota  
 Sclerosporales  
  Sclerosporaceae      
Peronosclerospora heteropogoni   
    
Peronosclerospora maydis  Java downy mildew      
Peronosclerospora philippinensis  Philippine downy mildew      
Peronosclerospora sacchari   
    
Peronosclerospora sorghi  sorghum downy mildew  
  Verrucalvaceae  
    Sclerophthora rayssiae var. zeae   
Zygomycota  
Zygomycetes  
 Mucorales  
  Mucoraceae      
Sclerophthora rayssiae var. zeae   
    
Stenocarpella macrospora  dry rot      
Ustilago maydis  boil smut  
Bacterium     
  Pseudomonadaceae      
Acidovorax avenae subsp. avenae  bacterial blight  
  Corynebacteriaceae      
Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. 
nebraskensis  Goss' bacterial wilt  
  Enterobacteriaceae      
Pantoea stewartii  Stewart's bacterial wilt  
Virus      
    
High plains virus   
  Potyviridae  
   Potyvirus      
Maize chlorotic mottle virus  MCMV      
Maize dwarf mosaic virus  MDMV      
Sugarcane mosaic virus  SCMV  
Weed      
 Scrophulariales  
  Scrophulariaceae      
Striga asiatica  witch -weed      
Striga hermonthica  witch -weed  
 
  Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing   Final  26 October 2022  
Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  168 of 176 Appendix  1: Definitions  
Definitions have the same meaning as defined by the Act and ISPM 5: Glossary of Phytosanitary Terms, 
unless set out below:  
 
a.i.  
Active ingredient.  
 
AOSA  
The Association of Official Seed Analysts is an organisation comprised of member laboratories which are 
staffed by certified seed analysts. Such seed testing facilities include official state, federal, and university seed 
laboratories across the United States of America and Canada.  
 
Basic  seed  
Refers to seed listed in the Plant Biosecurity Index under “ Import Specification for Seed for Sowing”.  
 
ONZPR  
Biosecurity Organisms Register for Imported Commodities: MPI dat abase which informs on the quarantine 
status for an organism as either reg ulated or non - regulated f or New Zealand.  
 
Contamination  
Presence in a commodity, storage place, conveyance  or container, of pests or other regulated articles, not 
constituting an infestation.  
 
ELISA  
Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay.  
 
EPA  
Environmental Protection Authority is responsible  for administering the Hazardous Substances and New 
Organisms (HSNO) Act 1 996.  
 
Fleshy fruit  
Any fruit (matured ovary) that is succulent or semi -succulent e.g. a berry, drupe, pome.  
 
Genetically modified organism (GM)  
Any organism in which any of the genes or any of the other genetic material has been modified by in -vitro 
techniques; or is inherited or otherwise derived, through any number of replications, from any genes or other 
genetic material which has been modified  by in-vitro techniques.  [as defined by the HSNO Act 1996]  
 
Growing season inspection  
Visual inspection by a person authorized by the NPPO during period or periods of the year when plants 
active ly grow in an area, place of production or production site.  
 
Herbaceous Indexing  
Virus detection and identification technique where plant viruses are transmitted mechanically or via a vector to 
a number of herbaceous indicator plants for the observation of c haracteristic symptoms.  
 
ISTA  
International Seed Testing Association.  
 
IPPC  
International Plant Protection Convention, as deposited  with FAO in Rome in 1951 and as subsequently 
amended [FAO, 1990].  
 Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing   Final  26 October 2022  
Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  169 of 176 Isolation  
Applies to PEQ facilities which must meet t he minimum isolation requirements (from plants outside the PEQ 
facility) listed in this IHS.  
 
ISPM  
International Standard for Phytosanitary Measures are the international standards  adopted by the Conference 
of FAO, the Interim Commission on Phytosanitary M easures or the Commission on Phytosanitary Measures, 
established under the IPPC [CEPM, 1996; revised CEPM, 1999].  
 
Level 1, Level 2 or Level 3 post-entry quarantine  
A system of post entry quarantine screening whereby seed is grown under certain specified  conditions on a 
property approved to the Facility Standard: Post Entry Quarantine for Plants (MPI.STD.PEQ) . 
 
MPL  
Maximum Pest Limit.  
 
NPPO  
National Plant Protection Organisation is the o fficial  service established by Government to discharge the 
functions specified by the IPPC. [FAO, 1990; formerly Plant Protection Organisation (National)].  
 
Officially tested  
Tested by a laboratory approved by the exporting country NPPO if performed offshore or by the importing 
country NPPO if performed on -shore  
 
PCR  
Polymerase chain reaction  
 
Pelleted seed  
Seed encased in a man -made nutritive or protective covering.  
 
PEQ  
Post Entry Quarantine . Quarantine applied to a consignment after entry.  
 
Permit  
A permit to import issued by MPI that specifies the conditions under which a particular commodity may be 
imported into New Zealand.  
 
Pest  
Any species, strain or biotype of animal or pathogenic agent (fungi, bacteria, viruses, viroids) injurious to 
plants or  plant products .  
Note: For the purpose of this import health standard “pest” includes an organism sometimes associated with the 
pathway, which poses a risk to human or animal or plant life or health (SPS Article 2).  
 
Plant Biosecurity Index  
MPI s earch sy stem for identifying the status of plant species for importing to New Zealand.  
 
Pre-Germinated Seed  
Seed with only the radicle (embryonic root) emerged.  
 
Quarantine Pest  
A pest of potential economic importance to the area endangered thereby and not yet present there, or present 
but not widely distributed and being officially controlled [FAO, 1990; revised FAO 1995; IPPC 1997].  
 
Quarantine W eed Seeds  
An invasive plant spec ies as set out in the MPI Schedule of Regulated (Quarantine) Weed Seeds.   Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing   Final  26 October 2022  
Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  170 of 176  
Regulated Pest  
A quarantine pest or a regulated non - quarantine pest listed in ONZPR  as being regulated for New Zealand.  
Note: If an intercepted organism is not listed in ONZPR , the NPPO must contact MPI to establish the regulatory status.  
 
Representative sample  
A sample that is to be submitted to the approved testing laboratory and may comprise either the whole of the 
composite  seed  sample or a subsample thereof.  
 
SAC  
Seed Analys is Certificate  
 
Seed  
A unit of reproduction used for sowing. This includes spores but excludes vegetative propagules.  Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing   Final  26 October 2022  
Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  171 of 176 Appendix 2: Amendment Record  
Amendments to this IHS will be given a consecutive number and dated. The following table provides a 
summary of the main changes to this IHS since 2009 . 
 
No: Details:  Date:  
26 Revised schedules of special conditions for Hordeum  and Triticum . 7/05/2009  
27 Addition of schedule for Linum usitatissimum . Revised schedule of special 
conditions for Fragaria  and Ribes . Removal of Echinacea angustifolia  from 
section 1.5.2  19/03/2010  
28 Removal of Xanthomonas translucens  pv. translucens  from the Hordeum and 
Triticum  schedules. Revised schedule of Zea, including Japan as an approved 
country with the addition of Gloeocercospora sorghi  to the pest list. Addition of a 
pea seed soak test on  arrival in the Pisum schedule.  22/09/2010  
29 Revised schedules of special conditions for Acer, Carpinus, Carya ovata, 
Castanea  and Quercus  to manage Cryphonectria parasitica . 16/09/2011  
30 Addition of section 2.2.7 ‘Importation of Seed Products’, sectio n 2.2.8 “Seed for 
Sowing of New Zealand Origin’ and section 2.4 ‘Equivalence’.  5/12/2011  
31 Revised schedule for Rubus , and removal of [strains not present in New Zealand] 
from all listings of Tomato ringspot virus  in Fragaria, Rubus , and Vaccinium  
schedules.  20/03/2012  
32 Revised schedule of special conditions for Citrus . 3/04/2012  
33 Updated fungicide treatment option for Avena, Hordeum  and Triticum . 7/05/2012  
34 Reformat of complete IHS, including all schedules.  29/06/2012  
35 Correction to the Zea schedule: removal of Maize mottle chlorotic stunt virus  from 
the quarantine requirements.  24/07/2012  
36 Revision of Section 8 ‘Equivalence’ and Section 9 “Biosecurity clearance’.  27/08/2012  
37 New schedule for tomato ( Solanum lycope rsicum ) and minor correction of 
Macadamia schedule.  19/10/2012  
38 New schedule for Brassica  (urgent amendment) and minor amendment to 
Acrocomia  schedule.  19/04/2013  
39 Revised schedule for Malus  (apple) seed for sowing.  24/04/2013  
40 Removal of schedule for Brassica , retaining schedule for Brassica napus . 02/08/2013  
41 New schedule for grape ( Vitis spp.), incorporated as an urgent amendment.  08/08/2013  
42 Addition of section 6 (Part A), ‘Seed for sowing imported as laboratory 
specime ns’. Revised schedule of special conditions for Arabidopsis thaliana  
(removal of requirement for a phytosanitary certificate). Revised schedules of 
special conditions for Fragaria, Phaseolus, Ribes, Rubus idaeus  and Vitis 
(removal of Tomato black ring viru s from the quarantine requirements).  12/12/2013  
43 Addition of further approved fungicide treatments to the Phaseolus  and Pisum 
schedules  19/6/2014  
44 Revised schedule for Zea mays , specifying a seed sample size for Maize dwarf 
mosaic virus.  18/8/2014  
45 New schedule for Capsicum  and Solanum  19/8/2014  Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing   Final  26 October 2022  
Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  172 of 176 No: Details:  Date:  
46 New schedule for Cucurbitaceae and changes to Zea mays  (urgent amendment)  1/12/2014  
47 Revised schedule for Zea mays , clarifying the requirements for Sugarcane 
mosaic virus  and Maize chloro tic mottle virus  7/8/2015  
48 Publication of the CTO direction for all Zea mays  consignment originated from 
Chile.  11/09/2015  
49 New IHS format. Added section 1.6 (pre -determined testing in PEQ), amended 
phytosanitary certificate requirements and GM testing requirements.  26/11/2015  
50 Reinstating section 6 (Part A) now section 1.9 Part 1: "Seed for sowing imported 
as laboratory specimens". Minor amendment for Beta and Zea schedule . 
Removal of Barley mosaic virus  from the pest list of Hordeum  and revi sed the 
schedule.  21/12/2015  
51 Reinstating and revision of the requirements for species of Rubus and clarification 
of Section 1.9  21/01/2016  
52 Addition to a paragraph related to importation of GMO seeds for reseach 
purposes and also the addition of t he pathogen Andean potato mild mosaic virus 
(APMMV) to the Solanum tuberosum schedule as a regulated pest.  02/03/2016  
53 Revised the Capsicum schedule: addition of PCFVd as a quarantine pest  09/10/2016  
54 Orthographic corrections under Zea, Triticum and Lavandula schedules and 
amendment to the Zea schedule to allow for testing onshore for all quanrantine 
pests listed in the Zea mays pest list, reformatting of Appendix 3: Declaration form 
to facilitate its u se and the addition of a hyperlink to the protocol for GMO testing 
under the Zea schedule.  25/11/2016  
55 Review of the Cucurbitaceae schedule: new measures for CGMMV and addition 
of KGMMV as a quarantine pest. Update of the Capsicum schedule.  26/01/2017  
56 Removal of Clover yellow mosaic virus  and Red clover vein mosaic virus . Addition 
of onshore testing for the Agropyron schedule.  Update  name of PEQ standard, 
update references to Level 3 PEQ to reflect requirements of the reissued PEQ 
standard.  09/03/20 17 
57 Addition of Apiaceae and Petunia schedules and other minor changes.  09/06/2017  
58 Change to the treatment requirements for the Apiaceae schedule and other minor 
changes.  14/12/2017  
59 Removal of pea soak test, addition of compulsory fumigation for pea seeds and 
migration of all approved treatments to MPI-ABTRT . 22/02/2018  
60 Addition of Myrtaceae Specific Requirements  11/07/2018  
61 Addition of onshore testing for Grapevine yellow speckle viroid -2 to the specific 
requirements for Vitis.  11/01/2019  
62 Addition of requirements for Tomato brown rugose fruit virus (TBRFV) to specific 
requirements for Capsicum and Solanum lycopersicum.  19/03/2019  
63 Review of the standard to rem ove errors and clarify ambiguities and current 
requirements as part of the tidying the room project.  02/09/2019  
64 Apiaceae  and Cannabis sativa  specific requirements : Addition of onshore hot 
water treatment as a phytosanitary option; Capsicum  and Solanum lycopersicum  
specific requirements : addition of molecular testing as an offshore phytosanitary 
measure for Tomato brown rugose fruit virus  and inclusion of guidance 28/04/2020  Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing   Final  26 October 2022  
Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  173 of 176 No: Details:  Date:  
information that the ISHI -Veg local lesion bioassay is not accepted by MPI as a 
valid test for Tomato brown rugose fruit virus ; Petunia  specific requirements: 
addition of option for importers to provide a non -GMO declaration to m eet the 
genetically modified (GM) requirements for Petunia  seeds for sowing and removal 
of requirement for ‘appropriate common name’ to be specified on phytosanitary 
certificates for Petunia  seeds for sowing.   
65 Addition of requirements for p elleted seeds for sowing in Section 1.9 of the IHS, 
and inclusion of a requirement for all importers of seed for sowing to make a 
declaration whether their consignment contains pelleted seed or not in Section 
1.4 of the IHS.  16/06/2020  
66. Removal of spec ific requirements for the Apiaceae schedule.  16/06/2020  
67 Addition of additional declaration requirements for Tomato mottle mosaic virus  in 
the specific requierments for Capsicum  spp. and Solanum lycopersicum . 22/07/2020  
68 Removal of requirement for ph ytosanitary certifcates for ‘basic’ pelleted seeds 
within part 1.9.  22/07/2020  
69 Amendment to the Petunia  specific requirements with addition of measures for 
Tomato chlorotic dwarf viroid  and to the Solanum lycopersicum  specific 
requirements with addition of measures for Columnea latent viroid , Tomato apical 
stunt viroid  and Tomato planta macho viroid . Harmonization of measures for 
Potato spindle tuber viroid  and Tomato chlorotic dwarf viroid  in the Solanum 
lycopersicum  specific requirements.  
 22/07/2020  
70 Amendment to the specific requirements for Capsicum  and Solanum 
lycopersicum  to include a suspension notice for import pathways from Israel.  17/12/2020  
71 Amendment to the specific requirements for Capsi cum and Solanum 
lycopersicum  to remove notices of suspension for import pathways from Israel.  15/02/2021  
72 Amendment to section 1.8 Seeds for sowing imported as laboratory specimens to 
remove contents of this section and include guidance directing to imp ort 
requirements under the Research Samples (excluding animal samples) import 
health standard.  21/06/2021  
73 Amendment of 2.72.1(1)(a)(i), 2.82.1(1)(a)(ii) Correction of formatting, terminology 
and grammar in Appendix 3 & 4, paragraph 2 under “Who should read this IHS?”, 
Parts 2.42.1(1)(a), 2.73, 2.80, 2.70, 2.14, 2.74 pest list, 2.44.2, 2.59.2, 2.27.3, 
2.1.2(1), 2.42.1 (1)a, 2.68 Isolation, 2.17 pest list, 2.80 (2), 2.64, 1.9 (2)(10), 2.61 
pest list and in terms used throughout the document. Addition of g uidance to 2 .4 
Actinidia,  2.15 Carpinus , 2.18 Castanea , 2.31 Eriobotrya , 2.33 Fragaria , 2.38 
Humulus , 2.39 Juglans , 2.44 Lithocarpus densiflorus , 2.46 Lophophora williamsii , 
2.49 Malus , 2.50 Mangifera , 2.50 Persea , 2.63 Populus , 2.64 Prunus , 2.67 Pyrus , 
2.68 Quercus , 2.69 Ribes , 2.70 Rubus,  2.74 Solanum tuberosum and 2.76 
Stenotaphrum. Correction of references to the ‘seeds imported as laboratory 
specimens’ section to direct to the research samples IHS in Part 1, Section 
1.5.1(1)(b) and 1.5.1(2)  12/08/2021  
74 Removal of the following pests from pest lists and measures for these pests: 
Hemp streak virus and Hemp mosaic virus in the specific requirements of 
Cannabis sativa , Artichoke yellow ringspot virus  in the specific requirements of 
Phaseolus , Pea enation mosaic virus  in the specific requirements of Pisum  and 
Vicia , Peanut stunt virus  in the specific requirements of Phaseolus  and Vicia; 
Removal of ELISA as a testing option for Tomato brown rugose fruit virus  in the 20/09/2021  Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing   Final  26 October 2022  
Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  174 of 176 No: Details:  Date:  
specific requirements of Capsi cum and Solanum lycopersicum ; Addition of 
measures for Potato spindle tuber viroid  in the specific requirements for Glebionis  
(new schedule) and Petunia . 
75 Addition of Cucumis  schedule for measures for Cucumis melo  and Citrullus 
lanatus  for Melon necrotic spot virus  and removal of Cucumis melo  and Citrullus 
lanatus  from Cucurbitaceae schedule . 5/11/2021  
76 Amendment to the testing requirements for Pepino mosaic virus  in the specific 
requirements for Solanum lycopersicum  21/02/2022  
77 Addition of options for small seed lots in the specific requirements for Capsicum,  
Cucumis, Cucurbitaceae, Solanum, Solanum lycopersicum  and Zea. Addition of 
specific requirements for Raphanus sativus . Addition of Matthiola incana  and 
Cyperus papyrus  to the list of approved species for import as pelleted seed . 
Removal of Broad bean mottle virus , Cowpea severe mosaic virus , Pea early 
browning virus  and Peanut mottle virus  from the specific requirements of 
Phaseolus . Removal of  Peanut mottle virus  and Peanut stunt virus  from the 
specific requirements for Pisum . Removal of  Peronosclerospora sorghi  and 
Sclerospora  graminicola  from the specific requirements for Panicum . Removal of  
Rhizopus maydis  and Phaeocytostroma ambiguum  from the specific requirements 
for Zea. Removal of  Cercospora loti  from the specific requirements for Lotus . 
Addition of the option of offshore seed testing for quarantine pests in the specific 
requirements for Phaseolus  and Pisum . 26/10/2022  Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing   Final  26 October 2022  
Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  175 of 176 Appendix 3: Declaration Form  
To be completed and signed by the exporter and importer.  
As defined by the New Zealand HSNO Act 1996, Genetically modified organism means, unless expressly provided 
otherwise by regulations , any organism in which any of the genes or any other genetic material (a) have been modified by 
in vitro techniques ; or (b) are inherited or otherwise derived, through any number of replications, from any genes or other 
genetic material which has been modif ied by in vitro techniques.  
Note that under the Hazardous Substances and New Organisms (HSNO) Act 1996, the import and release of any 
genetically modified crop without approval from the Environmental Protection Authority (EPA) is unlawful.  
I,. (Exporter’s  name and address)…  
 
declare that according to the requirements set out in the Seed for Sowing Import Health Standard (MPI Import Health 
Standard: 155.02.05: Seeds for Sowing - https ://www.mpi. govt.nz/document -vault/1151 ),  
Insert species name and lot/line number or unique identifier as stated on all the other import documentation  
was produced neither “from” nor “by” genetically modified crops.  
I undertake to inform immediately the importer and the  Ministry for Primary Industries, MPI, New Zealand of any information 
that can undermine the accuracy of this declaration.  
Note that MPI may request evidence as to how production, handling and transport of these seeds is performed in the field, 
or require and audit as a way to provide quality to the production system.  
I (Importer ’s name and address)…  
 
declare to the best of my knowledge  that according to the requirements set out in the Seed for Sowing Import Health 
Standard (MPI Import H ealth Standard: 155.02.05: Seeds for Sowing - https ://www.mpi.govt.nz/document -vault/1151 ),  
Insert species name and lot/line number or unique identifier as stated on all the other import docume ntation  
was produced neither “from” nor “by” genetically modified crops.  
Signed by Exporter  and Company Name (details) and 
date 
 Signed by Importer  and Company Name (details) and 
date 
 
 
Warning: Any person who knowingly makes a statement of information or a declaration that is false or 
misleading in a material particular may on summary conviction, be sentenced to a term of imprisonment 
and/or fined not exceeding $500,000.00.  Import Health Standard : Seeds for Sowing   Final  26 October 2022  
Ministry for Primary Industries   Page  176 of 176 Appendix 4: S pecies on the Plant s Biosecurity Index eligible 
for import into New Zealand as pelleted seeds for sowing  
Ageratum houstonianum  Lisianthus russellianus (= Eustoma grandiflorum)  
Allium cepa  Lobelia sp. 
Allium porrum  Lobularia maritima  
Anethum graveolens  Matthiola incana  
Angelonia salicariifolia  Mimulus sp. 
Antirrhinum sp.  Nemesia sp. 
Apium graveolens  Nicotiana sp. 
Begonia sp.  Ocimum basilicum  
Bellis perennis  Origanum vulgare  
Beta vulgaris  Papaver sp. 
Brassica napus  Pastinaca sativa  
Brassica oleracea  Pentas sp. 
Calceolaria sp.  Pericallis hybrida (= Pericallis x hybrida)  
Calibrachoa hybrida  Petroselinum crispum  
Campanula sp. Petunia sp. 
Celosia sp. Portulaca sp. 
Chaenorhinum sp. Primula sp. 
Chrysanthemum sp  Pyrethrum sp. 
Cichorium endivia  Ranunculus sp. 
Cichorium intybus  Rosmarinus officinalis  
Cineraria maritima (= Senecio cineraria)  Rudbeckia sp. 
Cyperus papyrus  Salpiglossis sinuata  
Daucus carota  Salvia officinalis  
Dianthus sp. Saxifraga sp. 
Diascia barberae  Senecio cruentus (= Pericallis cruenta)  
Dichondra sp. Silene sp. 
Digitalis sp. Solanum lycopersicum   
Eruca sativa  Solenostemon scutellarioides  
Exacum affine  Spinacia oleracea  
Foeniculum vulgare  Streptocarpus sp. 
Gazani a sp. Sutera sp. 
Geranium sp. Tagetes sp. 
Gerbera jamesoni  Tanacetum parthenium  
Gloxinia speciosa (= Sinningia speciosa)  Thymus vulgaris  
Gypsophila sp. Torenia fournieri  
Helichrysum sp. Trachelium caeruleum  
Heuchera sp. Verbascum sp. 
Isolepis sp. Verbena sp. 
Juncus sp. Veronica sp. 
Lactuca sativa  Viola sp. 
Laurentia axillaris (= Isotoma axillaris)  Zinnia sp. 
Linaria sp.