DEAS 1071 :2021  
ICS 59 .080.30  
 
© EA C 2021                                                                                                                          First Edition 2021   
 DRAFT EAST AFRICAN STANDARD  
Duvet  — Specification  
EAST AFRICAN COMMUNITY  
 
  DEAS  1071 :2021  
ii © EAC 2021  – All rights reserved  
 Copyright notice  
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Tanzania  
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Reproduction for sales purposes may be subject to royalty payments or a licensing agreement.  
Violators may be prosecuted .  DEAS  1071 :2021  
© EAC 2021 – All rights reserved  iii 
 Contents  Page 
Foreword  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ............................  iv 
1 Scope  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ......................  1 
3 Terms and definitions  ................................ ................................ ................................ ...........................  2 
4 Requirements  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ .........  2 
4.1 Fibre Compositions  ................................ ................................ ................................ ...............................  3 
4.2 Dimensions  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ............  3 
4.3 Physical appearances  ................................ ................................ ............... Error! Bookmark not defined.  
4.4 Seams and stitching  ................................ ................................ ................................ ..............................  3 
4.5 Warmth -to-mass ratio  ................................ ................................ ................................ ...........................  3 
4.6 Mass per unit area  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ . 3 
4.7 Thermal insulance  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ . 3 
4.8 Permeability of casing fabric s ................................ ................................ ................................ .............  3 
4.9 The physical and colourfastness properties  ................................ ................................ ......................  3 
6 Marking  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ...................  5 
7 Packing ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ...................  5 
Annex  A (normative)  Method for determination of Thermal insulance  ................................ .......................  6 
A.1 Apparatus  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ...............  6 
A.2 Procedure  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ...............  6 
Annex  B (normative)  Determination of mass per unit area  ................................ ................................ ...........  8 
Annex  C (normative)  Warmth -to-mass  ratio  ................................ ................................ ................................ ... 9 
C.1 Procedure  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ...............  9 
Annex  D (normative)  Permeability of casing fabrics  ................................ ......... Error! Bookmark not defined.  
Bibliography  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ......................  10 
 
  DEAS  1071 :2021  
iv © EAC 2021  – All rights reserved  
 Foreword  
Development of the East African Standards has been necessitated by the need for harmonizing requirements 
governing quality of products and services in the East Afr ican Community. It is envisaged that through 
harmonized standardization, trade barriers that are encountered when goods and services are exchanged 
within the Community will be removed.  
The Community has established an East African Standards Committee  (EASC) mandated to develop and 
issue East African Standards  (EAS) . The Committee is composed of representatives of the National 
Standards Bodies in Partner States, together with the representatives from the public and private sector 
organizations  in the commun ity.  
East African Standards are developed through  Technical Committees that are representative of key 
stakeholders including government, academia, consumer groups, private sector and other interested parties. 
Draft East African Standards are circulated to  stakeholders through the National Standards Bodies in the 
Partner States. The comments received are discussed and incorporated before finalization of standards, in 
accordance with the Principles and procedures for development of East African  Standards.  
East African Standards are subject to review, to keep pace with technological advances. Users of the East 
African Standards are therefore expected to ensure that they always have the latest versions of the standards 
they are implementing .  
The committee resp onsible  for this document is Technical Committee EASC/TC 061, Textiles, textile products 
and accessories . 
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be subject of patent 
rights. EAC shall not be held responsible fo r identifying any or all such patent rights.  DRAFT EAST AFRICAN STANDARD  DEAS  1071 :2021  
 
© EAC 2021  – All rights reserved  1 
 Duvet s — Specification   
1 Scope  
This Draft East Africa n Standard specifies requirements, sampling and test methods for duvets  
NOTE  Duvets are also known as quilts or comforters  
2 Normative references   
The foll owing documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content constitutes 
requirements of this document.  For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, 
the latest edition of the referenced docume nt (including any amendments) applies.  
ISO 105 -B01, Textiles — Tests for colour fastness — Part B01: Colour fastness to light: Daylight  
ISO 105 -B02, Colour fastness to artificial light: Xenon arc fading lamp test   
ISO 105 -C10, Colour fastness to washing wit h soap or soap and soda  
ISO 105 -D01, Colour fastness to dry cleaning using perchloroethylene solvent  
ISO 105 -E04, Tests for colour fastness -- Part E04: Colour fastness to perspiration  
ISO 105 -X12, Colour fastness to rubbing  
ISO 1833 (all parts),  Textiles — Quantitative chemical analysis  
ISO 3175 -1, Textiles — Professional care, drycleaning and wetcleaning of fabrics and garments — Part 1: 
Assessment of performance after cleaning and finishing  
ISO 3758, Care labelling code using symbols  
ISO 3759 , Textiles — Preparation, marking and measuring of fabric specimens and garments in tests for 
determination of dimensional change  
ISO 5077 , Textiles — Determination of dimensional change in washing and drying  
ISO 6330, Domestic washing and drying procedures for textile  testing  
ISO 9237 , Textiles — Determination of the permeability of fabrics to air  
ISO 12945 -2, Determination of fabric propensity to surface fuzzing and to pilling -- Part 2: Modified Martindale 
method  
ISO 13934 -1, Determination  of maximum force and elonga tion at maximum force using the strip method  
ISO 13938 -2, Pneumatic method for determination of bursting strength and bursting distension  
ISO 14362 -1, Textiles — Methods for determination of certain aromatic amines derived from azo colorants — 
Part 1: Dete ction of the use of certain azo colorants accessible with and without extracting the fibres  DEAS  1071 :2021  
2 © EAC 2021  – All rights reserved  
 ISO 14362 -3, Textiles — Methods for determination of certain aromatic amines derived from azo colorants — 
Part 3: Detection of the use of certain azo colorants, whi ch may release 4 -aminoazobenzene  
ISO 16373 -1, Textiles — Dyestuffs — Part 1: General principles of testing coloured textiles for dyestuff 
identification  
ISO 16373 -2, Textiles — Dyestuffs — Part 2: General method for the determination of extractable dyestuf fs 
including allergenic and carcinogenic dyestuffs (method using pyridine -water)  
ISO 16373 -3, Textiles — Dyestuffs — Part 3: Method for determination of certain carcinogenic dyestuffs 
(method using triethylamine/methanol)  
ISO 22198 , Textiles — Fabrics — Determination of width and length  
ISO 24153 , Random sampling and randomization procedures  
3 Terms and definitions  
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions shall apply.  
3.1  
duvet  
bed covering assembly, consisting of insulating filler secured between two layers of fabric designed to reduce 
heat loss  
3.2  
warmth -to-mass ratio  
measure of the efficiency of the duvet which equals to the ratio of the thermal resistance of the duvet (in togs) 
to its mass per unit area  
3.3  
tog value  
unit equal to ten times the thermal insulance  
NOTE  Tog is also known as thermal resistance of a duvet  
4 Requirements  
4.1 General requirements  
4.1.1  Duvets shall be:  
a) free from defects as described in ISO 8498 and ISO 8499 ; 
b) made such that all seams are neatly stitc hed and securely backstitched ; and  
c) made such that all ends of sewing have been tr immed and loose threads removed.  
4.1.2  The ends and side edges shall be secured together by seaming, binding, or overlocking  DEAS  1071 :2021  
© EAC 2021 – All rights reserved  3 
 4.2 Specific requirements  
4.2.1 Fibre composition  of the casing fabric and filling  
The fibre composition and proportion of the duvet shall be as declared and tested in accordance with any 
relevant part of ISO 1833.Where the fabric is a blend of two or more fibres, the fibre composition and 
proportion sha ll be as declared subject to  a tolerance of ± 5%.  
4.2.2 Dimensions  
The mean width and mean length of the duvet shall not vary more than ± 4 % from the dimensions declared 
on the label when measured in accordance with ISO 22198 .   
4.2.3 Seams and stitching  
All seams of the casing shall be sewn with not less than 32 st itches per 10 cm for duvets , unless one of the 
following occurs.  
a) If the edges of the casing are bound in this case, they shall be sewn with not less than 20 stitches Per 
10 cm  
b) If the edges of t he casing are overlocked in this case they shall be sewn with not less than 50 stitches 
per 10 cm  
4.2.4 Warmth -to-mass ratio  
When determined in accordance with Annex C the warmth -to-mass ratio of a duvet shall be at least 100  
4.2.5 Mass per unit area  
The m ass pe r unit area shall be within ± 5  % of the declared value  when measured in accordance with Annex 
B. 
4.2.6 Thermal insulance  
When determined in accordance with annex A, the thermal insulance of a duvet shall be within – 0.5 togs or + 
3 togs of the decla red value.  
4.2.7 Permeability of casing fabrics  
The casing fabric shall be capable of satisfactorily retaining the filling and allowing a sufficient level of 
moisture vapour transmission.  
4.2.8 Physical properties of casing fabrics  
Duvets shall conform to  the physical requirements specified in Table 1 when tested in accordance with the 
test methods specified therein.  
Table 1  — Physical requirement s for casing fabric for duvets only  
S/N 
Parameter  Requirement  
Test method  
Woven Duvet  Knitted Duvet  
 
 
 
Min  DEAS  1071 :2021  
4 © EAC 2021  – All rights reserved  
 i Breaking 
strength , N, 
min Warp  350 N/A 
ISO 13934 -1 
Weft 200 N/A 
ii Bursting Strength , kpa , min.  N/A 155 ISO 13938 -2 
iii Pilling , min.  4 4 ISO 12945 -2 
iv 
Dimensional changes after 
5 wash es, %. ± 3 ± 5 ISO 6330  (Procedure 
4N) 
ISO 5077 and ISO 3 759 
v Dimensional changes after 
5 dry cleaning  cycles , %   ± 3  ± 5 ISO 3175 -1 
vi 
Air 
permeability
, mL/(cm2•s) 
 Woven 
casing 
made from 
spun staple 
yarns  25 – 30 - 
ISO 9237  
Casing 
made from 
other woven 
fabrics  15 -20 - 
 
4.2.9  Colourfastness propertie s of casing fabrics  
Duvets shall conform to the colourfastness requirements specified in Table  2 when tested in accordance with 
the test methods specified therein.  
Table 2  — Colourfastness requirements for casing fabric of duvet s  
S/N Parameter  Requirement  Test Method  
Woven Duvet  Knitted Duvet  
i Colourfastness to 
washing , min.  Colour change  4 4 ISO 105 -C10 
staining  
ii Colourfastness to  
dry cleaning , min.  Colour change  4 4 ISO 105 -D01 
staining  
iii Colourfastness to 
rubbing , min.  Dry 4 4  
ISO 105 -X12 Wet 3-4 3-4 
iv Colourfastness to light, min.  4 4 ISO 105 -B02 
ISO 105 -B01 
v Colourfastness to 
perspiration  
(Acid) , min.  Colour change  4 4 ISO 105 -E04 
staining  
vi Colourfastness to 
perspiration  
(Alkali) , min.  Colour change  4 4 ISO 105 -E04 
staining  
 DEAS  1071 :2021  
© EAC 2021 – All rights reserved  5 
 4.2.10  Restricted colourants  
When tested in accordance with ISO 14362 -1, ISO 14362 -3, ISO 16373 -2 and ISO 16373 -3, duvets shall be 
free from restricted colorants listed  
Colorants in duve ts shall be identified and classified in accordance with ISO 16373 -1. 
5 Packaging  
Duvets shall be wrapped individually in an acceptable wrapper and then packed in a suitable bulk container  
6 Labelling  
a) The following information shall appear in either Englis h, Kiswahili, or French or in combination in 
legible and indelible marking on a label securely attached to an edge of, or on top (near on e of the 
corners) of each duvet.m anufacturer’s name or trademark  
b) the length and width of the duvets in centime ters  
c) fibre composition of the casing fabric and of the filling shall be declared  
d) care instructions according to  ISO 3758  
e) the tog value  
f) mass per unit area, in g/ m2 
g) country of origin  or manufacture  
7 Sampling  
Sampling shall be done in accordance with ISO 24153  DEAS  1071 :2021  
6 © EAC 2021  – All rights reserved  
 Anne x A 
(normative ) 
 
Method for determination of thermal insulance  
A.1 Apparatus  
A.1.1  Electric blanket , of size at least 600 mm × 450 mm, that has electricity supplies that is controlled by 
a variable transformer or that has a set -point controller.  
A.1.2  Poly urethane foam mattress , of a nominal thickness 25 mm and of a length and width greater than 
the corresponding dimensions of the duvet under test  
A.1.3  Aluminum sheet , of thickness 1.5 mm and of other dimensions equal to those of the electrically 
heated bla nket 
A.1.4  Two pieces of a polyester -and-cotton shirting , each of length and width slightly greater than the 
corresponding Dimensions of the duvet under test  
A.1.5  At least six thermocouples  
A.1.6  At least six small low -temperature heat flow meters  
A.1.7  Adhesive tape  
A.1.8  Suitable slow -speed fan , capable of creating a horizontal breeze of velocity not exceeding 0.3 m/s 
over the entire upper surface of the duvet  
A.2 Procedure  
A.2.1  Determine, to the nearest 1 g, the mass of the duvet under test and record the mass in kilograms.  
A.2.2  Place the mattress on a table and place the electric blanket in the center of the mattress.  
A.2.3  Cover the electric blanket with the aluminums sheet, and then cover the latter with one of the pieces 
of fabric.  
A.2.4 Within an area of size 450 mm × 350 mm and within the boundaries of the electric blanket, tape the 
heat flow meters and the thermocouples to the upper surface of the piece of fabric in random configuration.  
A.2.5  Gently place the duvet over the entire assembly and e nsure that no heat flow meter is closer than 300 
mm to an edge or end of the duvet, and cover with the other piece of fabric.  
A.2.6  Place the fan in such a position that it creates a horizontal breeze of velocity not exceeding 0.3 m/s 
over the entire upper  surface of the duvet.  
A.2.7  Suspend two more thermocouples 300 mm above the assembly and in the air stream created by the 
fan 
A.2.8  Switch on the electric blanket and so adjust the power supply that the temperature under the duvet is 
maintained at 33 °C ±  5 °C.  DEAS  1071 :2021  
© EAC 2021 – All rights reserved  7 
 A.2.9  Record the temperature indicated by each thermocouple and the rate of heat flow indicated by each 
heat flow meter disc. Calculate the mean ambient temperature (as indicated by the suspended 
thermocouples), the mean temperature under the duvet,  and the rate of heat flow.  
A.2.10  Calculate the thermal insulance, using the following formula:  
M = (t1 − t2) / ø  
Where; 
M is the thermal insulance, in metre -squared kelvin per watt;  
t1 is the mean temperature under the duvet, in degrees Celsius;  
t2 is the mean ambient (room) temperature, in degrees Celsius; and  
ø is the mean rate of heat flow, in wa tts per square metre.  
A.2.11  Select two additional test areas by moving the duvet plus the upper piece of fabric, ensuring that the 
test areas do not overlap, and on each of these areas repeat the procedures given in A .2.9 and A .2.10 
A.2.12 From the result s on the three test areas, calculate the mean thermal insulance of the duvet plus the 
cover fabric.  
A.2.13 Remove the duvet and repeat the procedures given in A .2.9 and A .2.10 with the upper piece of fabric 
as the only means for covering the assembly.  
A.2.14 Calculate the mean thermal insulance of the upper piece of fabric.  
A.2.15 Calculate the total mean thermal insulance of the duvet by subtracting the value obtained in A .2.14 
from the value obtained in A .2.12. 
A.2.16 Calculate the tog value by multiplyin g the thermal insulance (A .2.15) by 10.  
A.2.17 Check for compliance with 4.6 DEAS  1071 :2021  
8 © EAC 2021  – All rights reserved  
 Annex  B 
(normative ) 
 
Determination of mass per unit area  
B.1 Condition duvet in accordance with ISO 139 B.2 Determine the mass of the conditioned duvet to the 
nearest gram.  
B.3 Calculate the mass per square metre:  
from  
 
Where ; 
 m is the mass of the conditioned duvet ;(in g)  
l is the length of the duvet (in, cm) determined in accordance with ISO 22198  
b is the width of the duvet (in, cm) determined in accordance with ISO 22198 Express the results in g /m2. 
 
 DEAS  1071 :2021  
© EAC 2021 – All rights reserved  9 
 Annex  C 
(normative ) 
 
Determination of w armth -to-mass ratio  
C.1 Procedure  
C.1.1 Determine, to the nearest centimeter, the length and width (see 4.2) of the duvet   
C.1.2 Calculate the mean length and the mean width of the duvet i n meters.  
C.1.3 Calculate the warmth -to-mass ratio, Q, in meters to the fourth kelvin per watt per kilogram, as follows:  
 
Where ; 
M is the mean thermal insulance (see A .2.15), in metre -squared kelvin per watt;  
L is the mean length ( C.1.1 ), in metres;  
b is the mean width ( C.1.2 ), in metres; and  
m is the mass of the duvet (see A .2.1), in kilograms.  
 
 DEAS  1071 :2021  
10 © EAC 2021  – All rights reserved  
 Bibliography  
FDKS 2668: 2016 , Duvet, Quilts and Accessory products — Specification  
 DEAS  1071 :2021    
 
© EAC 2021  – All rights reserved