WORLD TRADE
ORGANIZATIONG/STR/N/7/USA
24 November 2003
(03-6255)
Working Party on
State Trading EnterprisesOriginal:  English
STATE TRADING
New and Full Notification Pursuant to Article XVII:4(a)
of the GATT 1994 and Paragraph 1 of the Understanding
on the Interpretation of Article XVII
UNITED STATES
The following communication, dated 19 November 2003, is being circulated at the request of
the Delegation of the United States.
_______________
Pursuant to Article XVII:4 of GATT 1994 an d paragraph 1 of the Understanding on the
Interpretation of Article XVII of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade, the United States
makes the following full and new notification of its state trading enterprises for 2001:
I. COMMODITY CREDIT CORPORATION
1. Enumeration of State Trading Enterprise
(a) Identification of state trading enterprise
The US Department of Agriculture’s Commodity Credit Corporation (CCC).
(b) Description of products
Non-fat dry milk (0402), Butter (0405), Ch eese (0406), Honey (0409), Dry beans (0713),
Wheat (1001), Rye (1002), Barley (1003), Oats ( 1004), Corn (1005), Rice (1006), Sorghum (1007),
Soybeans (1201), Peanuts (1202), Flaxseed (1204), Sunflower seeds (1206), Sugar (1212), Tobacco
(2401), Cotton (5201), Mohair (5102),  Wool (4102), and Pulses (0708).
2. Reason and purpose
(a) Reason or purpose
The Commodity Credit Corporation (CCC) is a government-owned and operated entity within
the US Department of Agriculture.  CCC was created to stabilize, support, and protect farm income
and prices.   CCC also helps maintain balanced and adequate supplies of agricultural commodities and
helps in their orderly distribution.G/STR/N/7/USA
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(b) Legal authority
CCC was incorporated on 17 October 1933, under a Delaware charter with a capitalization of
$3 million.  It was initially managed and operated in close affiliation with the Reconstruction Finance
Corporation, which funded its operations.  On 1 July 1939, CCC was transferred to USDA by the
President's Reorganization Plan I.  It was reincorporated on 1 July 1948, as a federal corporation
within USDA by the Commodity Credit Corporation Charter Act  (62 Stat. 1070, 15 U.S.C. 714).
3.  Description of the functioning of the state trading enterprise
(a) Summary statement providing overview of operations of the state trading enterprise
The CCC Charter Act, as amended, authorizes  CCC to support prices of agricultural
commodities through loans, purchases, payments, and other operations, and makes available materials
and facilities required in the production and marke ting of agricultural comm odities.  The CCC Charter
Act also authorizes the sale of agricultural commodities to other government agencies and foreign
governments, and food donations to domestic, foreign, or international relief agencies.
(b) Specification of exclusive or special rights or privileges enjoyed by the state trading
enterprise
Organization:   CCC is managed by a Board of Directors, subject to the general supervision
and direction of the Secretary of Agriculture, who is an ex officio  Director and Chairman of the Board.
In addition to the Secretary, the Board consists of seven members who are appointed by the President
of the United States with the advice and consent of the Senate.  The members of the Board and the
Corporation's officers are all officials of USDA.  CCC has no operating personnel.  Its price support,
storage, reserve and diversion programmes, and its domestic acquisition and disposal activities forprice supported commodities, are carried out primarily through the personnel and facilities of the
Farm Service Agency (FSA).  Export sales (except for tobacco and peanuts) and foreign assistance
donations of CCC-controlled stocks are administered through the General Sales Manager of the
Foreign Agricultural Service (FAS).
Financing:  CCC has an authorized capital stock of $100 million held by the United States,
with the authority to have outstanding borrowings of up to $30 billion at any one time.  The fiscalyear 1988 appropriation act, P.L. 100-202, increased the statutory borrowing authority from $25 to
$30 billion.
Funds are borrowed from the Treasury.  Interest on borrowings from the Treasury (and on
capital stock) is paid at a rate based upon the average interest rate of all outstanding marketableobligations (of comparable maturity date) of the US Government as of the preceding month.  Interest
may also be paid on other notes and obligations at a rate prescribed by the CCC and approved by the
Secretary of the Treasury.  The Department of Agriculture and Related Agencies Appropriation Act ,
1966, made provision for terminating interest after 30 June 1964, on the portion of the CCC's
borrowings from the Treasury equal to the unreimbur sed realized losses recorded on the books of the
Corporation after the end of the fiscal year in which such losses are realized.
Commodity Support Activities :  The basic structure and operational elements of commodity
support programmes are contained in legislation commonly known as "the Farm Bill".  The Federal
Agriculture, Improvement and Reform Act of 1996  (P.L. 104-127, 110 Stat. 888) authorized
commodity support programmes for 1996 through 2002.  The Farm Security and Rural Investment
Act of 2002 authorizes commodity support programmes for 2002 through 2007.
Commodity support operations, handled primarily through loan, purchase and payment
programmes, include those for wheat, corn, oilseeds, cotton, rice, tobacco, milk and milk products,G/STR/N/7/USA
Page 3
barley, oats, sorghum, peanuts, sugar, honey, wool, mohair and pulses.  Support for milk and products
of milk is carried out through purchases of butter, cheese and non-fat dry milk from processors and
handlers.  There are no CCC support programmes for processed products, other than dairy products
and sugar.
In carrying out commodity support programmes, the CCC acquires inventory in two principal
ways:
Takeover – Under the non-recourse loan programme, a producer must redeem the commodity
by loan repayment time.  If not, CCC takes over title and possession of the commodity, which
was pledged as collateral for the non-recourse loan.  The non-recourse nature of such loans
means that CCC must accept the collateral as full repayment of the loan at the producer’s
option.  Settlement of the loan is then made at the loan rate based on the quantity and quality
of the commodity involved.  In limited situations, CCC also offers recourse loans.  However,
these loans cannot be forfeited and commodities involved are not a source of CCC inventory.
Purchases - Prices of specified commodities are supported through CCC purchases of the
commodities from producers or processors.  For example, support for milk and products of
milk is carried out through purchases of butter, cheese, and non-fat dry milk from processors
and handlers.
Domestic Food Assistance Programmes :  In certain circumstances, CCC is authorized to
donate food commodities acquired through the non-recourse commodity loan programmes or from
CCC inventory for use in the Food Distribution on Indian Reservation Programme, and by federal,
state, and private agencies.  The commodities are used for the National School Lunch
Programme/Child Nutrition Commodity Programmes, Commodity Supplemental Food Programme,
the Emergency Food Assistance Programme and charitab le institutions for distribution to the needy.
CCC provides surplus dairy products to the armed services and to veterans hospitals without
charge, except for the cost of packaging.  CCC also donates food acquired through support
programmes to federal penal and correctional institutions and to State correctional institutions for
minors, except where service is provided on a concessional basis.  CCC makes available to the
Secretary of the Department of the Interior grain acquired through support operations to be used as
feed for migratory waterfowl for the purpose of preventing crop damage.  The Secretary of theDepartment of the Interior may also requisition CCC-owned grain for feeding starving migratory
birds, and any state may requisition CCC-owned grain upon the finding of the Secretary of the
Department of the Interior that resident game birds and other resident wildlife are threatened with
starvation.
CCC makes available farm commod ities or products in areas of acute economic distress, and
in connection with certain major disasters, as determined by the President of the United States.
Export Programmes :  CCC is authorized to promote the export of US agricultural
commodities and products through grants, sales, payments to exporters, direct credits and the conductof other activities related to the exportation of commodities.  CCC uses the services of USDA
agencies to administer international food donation and food assistance programmes (e.g. Food for
Progress).
The Foreign Agricultural Service (FAS) uses the services of CCC to provide export credit
guarantees and operate export subsidy programmes.   FAS administers four export credit guarantee
programmes:  the short-term "supplier credit" programme (SCGP), the export credit guarantee
programme (GSM-102), the intermediate export credit guarantee programme (GSM-103), and the
Facility Guarantee Programme (FGP).  Under th e Export Enhancement Programme (EEP) and Dairy
Export Incentive Programme (DEIP), cash bonuses are paid to US exporters, allowing them to meetG/STR/N/7/USA
Page 4
prevailing world market prices for targeted US agricultural commodities.  Only the DEIP is
operational at this time.
CCC also is authorized to make direct (subsidized) sales of dairy products from its inventories
to export markets.  However, CCC has not done so since 1995.
(c) Type of entities other than the state trading enterprise that are allowed to engage in
importation/exportation and conditions for participation
All import and export activities within the customs territory of the United States may be
freely entered into by private sector traders without any special conditions or restrictions.
(d) How import/export levels are determined by the state trading enterprise
Although authorized to conduct direct export sales by the CCC Charter Act, the CCC is
currently not engaged in direct export sales activity.  During periods when the CCC direct sales
programme is active, export levels are determined by estimating actual stocks over and above what isanticipated to be sold back to the domestic industry.
(e) How export prices are determined
For the direct export sales programme, CCC de termines export prices through negotiations
with foreign buyers based on competitive conditions at prevailing world market prices.
(f) How resale prices of imported products are determined
CCC does not import.(g) Whether long-term contracts are negotiated by the state trading enterprise.  Whether
the state trading enterprise is used to fulfil contractual obligations entered into by the
government
CCC is not authorized to negotiate long-term sales contracts.  However, CCC does act to
fulfil certain contractual obligations entered into  by the government.  For example, CCC provides
export credit guarantees and operates export subsidy programmes.  CCC uses the services of the
Foreign Agricultural Service of the US Department of Agriculture to enter into cooperative
agreements with non-profit agricultural trade commodity groups to administer the Market Access
Programme and Foreign Market Development Progra mme.  CCC is authorized to contract for use of
privately owned facilities in carrying out its activities.  CCC also has authority to acquire personalproperty and to rent or lease office space necessary for its business. CCC is prohibited from acquiring
real property, or any interest in property, except for the purpose of protecting its financial interests
and for providing adequate storage to carry out its programmes.
(h) Brief description of market structure
CCC has not made any export sales since 1995.  During periods when the direct export sales
programme was operational, CCC sales activity comprised a very small share of total US agricultural
commodity exports.  Moreover, CCC export sales volume represented a minimal level of competition
for the US private sector trade.
Data on direct export sales do not include CCC disposals from inventory for domestic or
foreign food assistance programmes.  CCC inventory operations are detailed each year in the Report
of the President of the Commodity Credit Corporation.G/STR/N/7/USA
Page 5
4. Statistical information
(See attached Tables I - III)
5. Reason why no foreign trade has taken place
As indicated in previous sections above, the CCC has not engaged in direct export sales
activity since US Fiscal Year 1995.  Products  previously exported under the CCC direct sales
programme are now handled through the private trade.
6. Additional information
n.a.
II. ISOTOPE PRODUCTION AND DISTRIBUTION PROGRAMME
1. Enumeration of the State Trading Enterprise
(a) Identification
The United States maintains the Isotope Production and Distribution Programme within the
Department of Energy.
(b) Description of product affected
The products affected are isotopes under Harmonized Tariff System headings 2844 and 2845.
2. Reason and purpose for introducing a nd maintaining state trading enterprises
(a) Reason and purpose
The Department of Energy, through its laboratories, provides radioactive and stable isotope
products and associated services to a wide and varied domestic and international market.  The IsotopeProduction and Distribution (IP&D) Programme produces  and sells radioactive and stable isotopes,
by-products, surplus materials, and related isotope services.  These products and services are sold
worldwide and are used for a variety of research, development, biomedical, and industrial
applications.  The programme's objectives are to produce and distribute isotopes for research and
development, medical diagnostics and therapy, and other applications that are in the national interest.DOE is examining opportunities to have new ventures funded or co-funded by the private sector.
(b) Summary of basis for exclusive rights or privileges
The Atomic Energy Act of 1954 provides the basic authority for the Department of Energy to
produce and distribute isotopes and to support research and development of new isotope products and
technology.
3.  Description of the functioning of the state trading enterprises
(a) Overview
The IP&D Programme markets, stores, and distributes isotopes that are currently produced at
Department of Energy laboratories.  The Department  supplies isotopes for use in medicine, research
and development, and industry.  The Department of  Energy is the only US source of many importantG/STR/N/7/USA
Page 6
isotopes. The Department of Energy is involved in isotope production and distribution only where: (1)
there is no US private sector capability; (2) there is a need for unique government facilities such as
nuclear reactors and associated hot cells, particle accelerators and isotope enrichment facilities; or (3)
other productive capacity is insufficient to meet pressing US needs.
The specific materials sold under the programme are listed in Annex I. Prices for the products
sold are based on a number of factors, including production costs and market value.
The programme also develops improved means of producing and separating isotopes that are
needed to serve the national interest. Such services include, but are not limited to, irradiation services,
target preparation and processing, source encapsulation and other special preparations, analyses and
separations, services related to shipping, and processing returned isotopes.
The programme's mission is to maintain the infrastructure required to support the national
need for a reliable supply of isotope products, services, and related technology used in medicine,
industry, and research.  This assures that critical isotope production infrastructure is operated in a
safe, secure, environmentally compliant and cost-effective manner, thus ensuring that the facilities areavailable to users who need DOE-produced isotopes.  To this end, the Isotope Programme functions
as a business and, therefore, focuses attention on the quality of products and services, customer
satisfaction, cost control, marketing, pricing stability, and revenue and cash collections.
Commercial isotopes are sold on a full cost-recovery basis.  These costs include direct costs
related to the production of a specific isotope as well as infrastructure costs. Research isotopes are
sold on a direct cost recovery basis as only di rect costs are including in their pricing structure.
Because no appropriation is made in the IP&D Budget for isotope production and distribution,
customers are required to make advance payment fo r all isotope transactions save for those isotopes
sold from inventory.  The IP&D sells isotopes to government entities, domestic purchasers, and toforeign purchasers.
The Department coordinates its activities with commercial producers to ensure the continued
availability of essential isotopes.  The Department is streamlining its activities by consolidating or
privatizing wherever possible to reduce the cost to US taxpayers.
(b) Specification of privilege
The Department of Energy Office of Nuclear Energy operates the Isotope Production and
Distribution programme on a revolving fund and maintains financial viability through revenues from
sales and annual appropriations. Prior to creation of the revolving fund in1989, the Department of
Energy subsidized the programme.  The Energy and Water Development Appropriations Act for fiscal
year 1995 authorizes the Secretary of Energy to transfer available amounts appropriated for use by the
Department of Energy into the revolving fund to continue activities.
(c) Other types of entities allowed to import or export;  conditions on participation
Private companies and universities engaged in the production and distribution of isotopes are
permitted to import and export isotopes.
(d) How import or export levels are esta blished for state trading enterprises
The programme forecasts future trends through frequent interactions between isotope
customers and programme staff, site visits, attend ance at professional meetings, and coordination of
programme activities with stakeholders in the isotope community. Research on market sizes, pricing
pressures, competition, and customer feedback is also obtained through independent surveys and
studies, as well as programme management assessments.G/STR/N/7/USA
Page 7
(e) How export prices are determined
Prices charged for the programme’s products are based on production costs, market value, and
research needs.
(f) How import prices are determined
Import prices are determined by production costs and market value.(g) Whether long-term contracts are negotiated
Whether state trading methods are used to fulfil contractual obligations:Yes, long-term contracts are negotiated ofte n with price discounts for quantity purchases.
(h) Description of market structure
The worldwide isotope market has three majo r components: medical, industry (including
homeland security), and scientific (non-medical) research. This market is characterized by high
barriers to entry, production facilities that are primarily government owned and operated, and demand
driven by a few major commercial customers. The number of suppliers for selected major isotopes isgrowing due to a shortage of suppliers for these key isotopes used in hospitals and the private sector.
4. Statistical information
Table I: Import information by product:  See Attached Tables.
Table II: Export information by product:  See Attached Tables.Table III: Domestic activities where STE also trades products internationally :  See Attached
Tables.
5. Reason why no foreign trade has taken place (if this is the case) in products affected
1995 – 2002 : Table I. The State Trading Enterprise (Isotope Production and Distribution) is
engaged in the primary production and distribution of stable (enriched) and radio-isotopes. These
isotopes are not imported for resale. In those few cases where radioactive materials have been
imported, significant value has been added to the product by the State Trading Enterprise prior tobeing sold in form required by customers. No  Heavy Water (HS 2844.40.0010) imported during this
reporting period.
1995 – 2002: Table II. Cobalt-60 (HS 2844.40.0010) not sold to foreign customers during this
reporting period. Only sold domestically for the years 1995 and 1996 and reported as such inTable III. Heavy water (HS 2845.10.0000) not exported during this reporting period.
6. Additional Information
None.G/STR/N/7/USA
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ANNEX 1
List of isotopes sold
Actinium-225
Aluminium-26
Americium-241, -243
Arsenic-73
Beryllium-7
Bismuth-207
Calcium-42, -43, -44, -46, -48Californium-252
Cadmium-109, -112
Cesium-137
Chromium-50, -53
Cobat-60Copper-67
Curium-244, -248
Dysprosium-163
Gadolinium-148
Gallium-69Germanium-68
Helium-3
Holmium-166
Hydrogen-2, -3
Iodine-125, -131Iridium-192
Iron-54, -55, -57, -58
Krypton-78, -86
Lead-204
Lithium-6, -7
Lutetium-176, -177
Magnesium-28Molybdenum-99
Nickel-61, -62, -63
Palladium-103
Phosphorous-32
Platinum-195mPlutonium-238, -239, -240, -242
Polonium-209
Rubidium-85, -87
Samarium-152
Selenium-75Silicon-29, -32
Sodium-22
Strontium-82, -84, -85, -88, -89, -90
Technetium-95m,99
Tellurium-124Thallium-203
Thorium-229, -230
Titanium-44
Tungsten-188/Rhenium-188
Uranium-234, -235, -238G/STR/N/7/USA
Page 9
Xenon-124, -126, -127, -133
Yttrium-88, -90
Zinc-65, -66, -68, -70
Zirconium-90, -92, -94, -96
III. NAVAL PETROLEUM AND OIL SHALE RESERVES
1. Identification of the state trading en terprise ("STE") and scope of products
(a) Identification
Naval Petroleum And Oil Shale Reserves.
(b) Description of products affected
The products affected are Crude Petroleum,  Harmonized Tariff System Number 2709; and
Natural Gas, Harmonized Tariff System Number 2711.
2. Reason and purpose for establishing and maintaining the STE
(a) Reason or purpose
The Naval Petroleum And Oil Shale Reserves were established in the early 1900s as large
untapped sources of crude oil that could be utilized by the military in times of short supply or
emergencies.
(b) Legal authority
The Naval Petroleum And Oil Shale Reserves were established by a series of Executive
Orders issued in:  1909, 1910, and 1912 (President Taft); 1915 (President Wilson); 1923 (President
Harding); and 1924 (President Coolidge).  The Naval Petroleum Reserves Production Act of 1976
(Public Law 94-258) is the basic authorizing legislation for the Reserves.  Other legislation governing
the administration and operation of the Naval Petroleum Reserves includes the Department of EnergyOrganization Act of 1977 (Public Law 95-258); National Defence Authorization Act for Fiscal Year
1996 (Public Law 104-106); National Defence Author ization Act for Fiscal Year 1998 (Public Law
105-85); Strom Thurmond National Defence Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 1999 (Public Law
105-261); and the Floyd D. Spence National Defence Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2001 (Public
Law 106-398).
3.  Description and functioning of the STE
(a) Overview of operations
The Naval Petroleum And Oil Shale Reserves are managed by the United States Department
of Energy (DOE) and operate similar to a comm ercial petroleum development and production
company.  Wells are drilled within the Reserves for crude oil and natural gas, and the produced
products are sold on the open market by competit ive bidding.  The Naval Petroleum And Oil Shale
Reserves does not engage in any importing or exporting activities of any kind.G/STR/N/7/USA
Page 10
(b) Specification of exclusive rights and privileges granted to the STE
The Naval Petroleum And Oil Shale Reserves receive annual appropriations through the
regular budgeting process.  All revenues received from product sales are deposited into the general
fund of the Treasury.  No other exclusive rights or privileges are granted.
(c) Other types of entities that participate in the same activities as the STE
The Naval Petroleum And Oil Shale Reserves operate very much like a commercial oil and
gas development and production company.  Thousands of such commercial companies presently exist
in the United States.
(d) Criteria/considerations taken into account by the STE in determining quantities of
imports and exports
The Naval Petroleum And Oil Shale Reserves does not engage in any importing or exporting
activities of any kind.
(e) How the STE determines its export price
The Naval Petroleum And Oil Shale Reserves does not engage in any importing or exporting
activities of any kind.
(f) How the STE determines the price for imports resold to domestic customers
The Naval Petroleum And Oil Shale Reserves does not engage in any importing or exporting
activities of any kind.
(g) Whether and how long-term contracts are negotiated by the STE
Contracts for the purchase of produced products are negotiated through an open competitive
bidding process and typically have a term of 6 to 12 months.
(h) Brief description of market structure
The crude oil and natural gas markets in the United States are diverse, competitive, and not
under the control or influence of the Federal government.
4. Data tables
Table I: Import information by product:  Not applicable ; no products are imported by Naval
Petroleum And Oil Shale Reserves.
Table II: Export information by product:  Not applicable ; no products are exported by Naval
Petroleum And Oil Shale Reserves.
Table III: Domestic activities where STE also trades products internationally :  Not applicable ;
the Naval Petroleum And Oil Shale Reserves does not trade internationally.
5. Explanation of why no trade has taken place
The mission of the Naval Petroleum And Oil Shale Reserves does not require the importation
or export of any products.G/STR/N/7/USA
Page 11
6. Other information
None.
IV. POWER ADMINISTRATIONS
1.  Enumeration of the State Trading Enterprise
(a) Identification
The United States maintains the Bonneville Power Administration, Southeastern Power
Administration, Southwestern Power Administrati on, and Western Area Power Administration within
the Department of Energy.
(b) Description of product affected
The product affected is Electrical Ener gy, Harmonized Tariff System Number 2716.
2. Reason and purpose for introducing a nd maintaining state trading enterprises
(a) Reason and purpose
The Power Marketing Administrations (PMA’s) market wholesale electricity generated at
hydroelectric dams owned and managed by the Unite d States Army Corps of Engineers (Corps) and
the United States Bureau of Reclamation (Reclamation).  The federal government began to market
electricity after the Congress authorized the construction of the dams and established major waterprojects, primarily in the 1930s to the 1960s.  The Corps and the Reclamation operate these projects to
provide or manage water for such multiple purposes as irrigation, flood control, navigation,
recreation, water supply, and environmental enhancement.  These agencies also generate electricity at
about 130 hydropower plants located at federal water projects.  The PMAs sell the power that is not
used for projects’ purposes to “preference customers” - cooperatives and public bodies, such as
municipal utilities, irrigation districts, and military installations.  Any remaining excess power is sold
to other utilities.
The self-financed Bonneville is obligated to meet requesting electric utility, non-generating,
electric loads in its Pacific Northwest marketing area, encourage conservation, develop renewable
energy resources and to protect, mitigate and enhance the fish and wildlife of the Columbia River and
its tributaries.  Bonneville sells at wholesale the electric power produced at 31 operating federal
hydroelectric projects operated by the Corps a nd Reclamation and acquires and sells non-Federal
electric power and conservation resources sufficient to meet the net, non-generating, requirements of
Bonneville customers.  Bonneville’s Administrator and the Corps’ Division Engineer, Northwestern
Division, are directed by Executive Order to be the US Entity overseeing the execution of the 1961
Columbia River Treaty between the US and Canada.
(b) Summary of basis for exclusive rights or privileges
The Department of Energy is responsible for the regionally based PMAs, which operate
pursuant to their enabling legislation, including th e Department of Energy Organization Act of 1977.
The missions of the Southeastern Power Administ ration and the Southwestern Power Administration,
are set forth in section 5 of the Flood Control Act of 1944 as set out in Title 16, Section 825s of the
United States Code.G/STR/N/7/USA
Page 12
The Bonneville Project Act of 1937 (“Project Act”) established the Bonneville Power
Administration within the Department of the Inte rior.  The Bonneville Project Act, the Federal
Columbia River Transmission System Act of 1974, The Pacific Northwest Electric Power Planning
and Conservation Act of 1980, and other federal laws, contain provisions that define Bonneville’s
mission and/or affect the way it is carried out.
The authority for Western Area Power Administration’s operations derives from the federal
reclamations laws, in particular section 9(c) of the Reclamation Project Act of 1939.
3.  Description of the functioning of the state trading enterprise
(a) Overview
The United States federal government markets wholesale electricity to publicly-owned and
investor-owned utilities and provides transmission service (wheeling) to wholesale buyers and sellers
of electricity.  Bonneville, Western and Sout hwestern own and operate high voltage power
transmission lines and also make use of other utilit ies’ transmission systems in order to deliver power
to their customers’ power grids.  Southeastern reli es on other utilities’ transmission systems to deliver
power to their customers’ power grids.
The PMAs sell electric power that is not used by the Reclamation or the Corps to provide or
manage water for such multiple purposes as irrigation, flood control, navigation, recreation, watersupply, and environmental enhancement.  The federal government, as of 2001, produced and
marketed about seven percent of all US electricity production and about 10 percent of US electric
utility production of electricity through the combined efforts of the PMAs as well as the Tennessee
Valley Authority (TVA).  The TVA is a wholly owned federal corporation that generates and markets
federal power in Tennessee and parts of six other southeastern states.
In addition to its federal projects, Bonneville Power Administration has acquired all of the
generating capability of one operational nuclear power plant, the Energy Northwest Columbia
Generating Station.
(b) Specification of privilege
The PMAs, except the self-financed Bonneville, are funded primarily by annual
appropriations to the Department of Energy, and most of the non-Bonneville PMA revenue generated
is deposited in the Miscellaneous Receipts account and the Reclamation Fund in the US Treasury.
The PMAs, are exempt from Federal income taxation and from state and local taxation.
The Federal Government has invested capital into the power features of the federal generating
agencies and the PMAs, through annual appropriations, and also borrowing authority in the case of
the self-financed Bonneville, which the PMAs are required to repay with interest.  The interest rates
are set by law, administrative order pursuant to law, or administrative policies.  For example,
Bonneville repays the appropriations:  (1) Bonnevill e received and expended prior to receiving self-
financing authority in 1974 and (2) the power component of appropriations the Corps and
Reclamation have received and expended for the Federal Columbia River Power System (FCRPS).
As of the of FY 2002, $3.966 billion of appropriations, bearing an average 7.0 percent interest rate,
remained to be repaid by Bonneville.
To finance its capital programmes, Bonneville is authorized by the Federal Columbia River
Transmission System Act of 1974, as amended, to issue to the US Treasury up to $4.45 billion of
interest-bearing bonds with terms and repayment conditions comparable to debt issued by US
government corporations.  Bonneville is statutor ily treated (16 USC 838i (c)) as a wholly owned US
Government corporation under provisions of th e Government Corporation Control Act (31 USCG/STR/N/7/USA
Page 13
9106) for purposes of its financial and budget operations.  As of the end of FY 2002, Bonneville had
outstanding, at an average interest rate of 6.2 percent, $2.771 billion of bonds issued to the Treasury.
Total non-federal debt, for non-Federal projects, at the end of FY 2002 was $6.202 billion, and bore
an average interest rate of 5.5 percent.  Total Bonneville debt at the end of FY 2002 was thus $12.939
billion and bore an overall average interest rate of 6.1 percent.
(c) Other types of entities allowed to import or export;  conditions on participation
More than 3,000 private investor-owned, local government-owned, and cooperatively-owned
utilities engaged in the generation, transmission and distribution of electricity are permitted to import
and export electricity.  The Department of Energy, Office of Fossil Energy, grants permits for the
construction of international border facilities and export authorizations.  No authorization is needed toimport electricity. Investment in these activities is permitted, and such companies are subject to the
laws of the United States and to state laws.
(d) How import or export levels are established for state trading enterprises
The PMAs may export electricity as authorized by each PMA’s legislative authority and by
its management.  Southeastern and Southwestern do not import or export power to other countries.
Western imports and exports only nonfirm power.  A portion of the firm power generated at federal
and nonfederal Columbia River projects is owned by Canada (“Canadian Entitlement”) under the
terms of the Columbia River Treaty, and Bonneville delivers that power to the US Canada border andis obligated to do so through September 16, 2024.  Additionally, from time to time, Bonneville may
export short-term nonfirm or firm energy or capacity.
The PMAs are not required to obtain export authorizations from the Department of Energy,
Office of Fossil Energy.  Import and export levels are determined by supply and demand.
How import and export levels are established for companies engaged in electricity generation,
transmission and distribution:  Private investor-owned, local government-owned, and cooperatively
owned utilities’ import and export levels are based on supply and demand.  The Department of
Energy, Office of Fossil Energy authorizes export s based on the effect of the transaction on the
technical reliability of the regional US electricity grid, taking into account environmental impacts.
(e) How export prices are determined
Western’s rates for export sales of nonfirm energy are market-based.  Bonneville’s rates for
export sales of nonfirm or firm energy are established consistent with its governing statutes and
reviewed by the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC).
(f) How import prices are determined
Bonneville and Western pay market-based rate s for their nonfirm or firm power imports.
(g) Whether long-term contracts are negotiated
Western does not sign long-term contracts for the exportation or importation of nonfirm
power.  Bonneville, Southeastern, Southwestern, and Western sign long-term contracts for the sale of
federally-generated power within the United States.  Bonneville concluded on April 1, 2003 35-yearcontracts with a consortium of Northwest utilities (“Canadian Storage Power Exchange”) to deliver
Canadian Entitlement purchased by them under the Columbia River Treaty for that time period.  To
the extent that the Columbia River Treaty is a “contract” between Canada and the United States,
delivery of Canadian Entitlement is a long-term export obligated to run through 16 September 2024 atG/STR/N/7/USA
Page 14
a minimum.  The magnitude of the export is 4.7 TWh (one Terawatt hour equals a million megawatt
hours) annually at peak rates of 1170 MW.
Whether state trading methods are used to fulfil contractual obligations:  The PMA’s perform
their power marketing responsibilities in accordance with the various federal authorizing statutes thatguide and/or direct them.
(h) Description of market structure
The structure for the electricity market is competitive.  Private investor-owned utilities, both
US and foreign-owned, government instrumentalitie s and government-owned providers of electricity,
are engaged in the generation, transmission and distribution of electricity in the US  The regionalelectric grids are interconnected with Canada and Mexico.  There is no tariff on electricity.
4. Data tables
Table I: Import information by product:  See Attached Tables.
Table II: Export information by product:  See Attached Tables.Table III: Domestic activities where STE also trades products internationally :  See Attached
Tables.
5. Explanation of why no trade has taken place
n.a.
6. Other information
None.
V. STRATEGIC PETROLEUM RESERVE
1. Enumeration of the state trading enterprise
(a) Identification
The United States maintains the Strategic Petroleum Reserve within the Department of
Energy.
(b) Description of product affected
The product affected is Crude Petroleum, Harmonized Tariff System Number 2709.
2. Reason and purpose for introducing a nd maintaining state trading enterprises
(a) Reason or purpose
The Strategic Petroleum Reserve (SPR) is a crude oil stockpile, managed by the Department
of Energy (DOE).  The SPR mission is to reduce vulnerability to economic, national security, and
foreign policy consequences of supply interruptions by discouraging supply disruptions as a tool of
other nations and by adding to crude oil supplies in the United States, in the event of a disruption due
either to policy, military or natural causes.G/STR/N/7/USA
Page 15
(b) Summary of basis for exclusive or special rights or privileges
The SPR was created pursuant to the Energy Policy and Conservation Act of
22 December 1975 (Public Law 94-163), as amended, to reduce the impact of disruptions in suppliesof petroleum products and to carry out obligations of the United States under the Agreement on an
International Energy Programme.
3.  Description and functioning of the state trading enterprise
(a) Overview
The United States, through the Strategic Petroleum Reserve of the Department of Energy,
owns and operates four underground storage facilities for crude oil with a combined storage capacity
of700 million barrels.  SPR acquires both domestic and imported crude oil through purchase and
exchange, and as well as production and royalties from Federal lands.  In recent years, oil has been
obtained primarily through the competitive exchange of Federal offshore royalty oil for domestic orimported oil to be delivered to the SPR.
During an emergency "drawdown" of crude oil from the reserve, the Department of Energy is
to competitively sell and distribute the crude oil to purchasers primarily through commercial pipelines
and marine terminals.  The oil stored in the reserve may not be exported, except for exchange.
The SPR holds about 620 million barrels of crude oil, the largest emergency oil stockpile in
the world. Together, the facilities and crude oil represent more than a $20 billion national investment.
(b) Specification of privilege
The Department of Energy, Strategic Petroleum Reserve, is an agency of the United States
Government funded by annual appropriations and by the Strategic Petroleum Reserve Account and
the SPR Petroleum Account.  During an emerge ncy drawdown and sale of crude oil, the SPR
Petroleum Account is the source of funding the incr emental costs of withdrawing oil from the storage
caverns and transporting it to the point where purchasers take title.   If additional funds are required
for drawdown, they may be transferred from the Strategic Petroleum Reserve Account or otherDepartment of Energy offices. The Federal Government deposits to the account an amount equal to
receipts realized from sales resulting from an emergency drawdown to create additional funding to fill
the SPR. In recent years, funds in the SPR Petroleum Account have been transferred to the Strategic
Petroleum Reserve Account.
(c) Other types of entities allowed to import or export;  conditions on participation
Private companies engaged in the exploration, production, refining, storage and distribution
of crude oil are permitted to import and export crude oil.  Investment in these activities is permitted,
and such investment is subject to the laws of the United States and to state laws.
(d) How import/export levels are established for state trading enterprises
Import and export levels are not established for the Department of Energy, Strategic
Petroleum Reserve.
How import/export levels are established for other entities:  Import and export levels for
private investors engaged in the exploration, production, refining, storage and distribution of crude oil
are based on supply and demand.   Currently, net imports are required to meet demand.G/STR/N/7/USA
Page 16
(e) How export prices are determined
The Department of Energy, Strategic Petroleu m Reserve does not export crude oil, and oil
from the SPR may not be exported, except for exchange.   The price of SPR crude oil is determined
through competition.
(f) How import prices are determined
The price of crude oil acquisition contracts is negotiated by the Department of Energy,
Strategic Petroleum Reserve, and the  supplier.  .  Imported and domestic crude oil is commingled in
the underground storage facilities.
(g) Whether long-term contracts are negotiated by the state enterprise
The Department of Energy, Strategic Petroleum Reserve negotiates six-months’ term royalty
exchange contracts to fill the Reserve.
Whether state-trading methods are used to fulfil government contractual obligations:
(h) Market structure
The structure of the crude oil market is intern ational and competitive.  Vertically-integrated
oil companies and independent companies, both  US and foreign-owned, are engaged in the
exploration, production, refining, storage and distribution of crude oil in the US  The tariffs on crude
oil are 5.25 cents per barrel for crude oil testing under 25 degrees API and 10.5 cents per barrel for
crude oil testing 25 degrees API or more.
4. Data tables
Table I: Import information by product:  See Attached Tables.
Table II: Export information by product:  See Attached Tables.Table III: Domestic activities where STE also trades products internationally :  See Attached
Tables.
5. Explanation of why no trade has taken place
n.a.
6. Other information
None.G/STR/N/7/USA
Page 17TABLE I
STATE TRADING:  Commodity Credit Corporation (CCC)
STATISTICAL INFORMATION, IMPORTS FISCAL YEAR 1998
Description of
Product Including HS
NumberTotal Quantity
Imported*Quantity Imported by
State Trading
EnterpriseAverage Import Price Average
Representative
Domestic Sales PriceMark-up** National Production
Non-Fat Dry Milk -
HS 0402105,000 MT 0 n.a. $2,548/MT n.a. 515,000 MT
But. & But. Oil  HS
040510 &04059030,000 MT 0 n.a. $2,530/MT n.a. 530,000 MTG/STR/N/7/USA
Page 18
TABLE II
STATE TRADING:  Commodity Credit Corporation (CCC)
STATISTICAL INFORMATION, EXPORTS FISCAL YEAR 1998
Description of
Product Including HS
NumberTotal Quantity
Exported*Quantity Exported by
State Trading
EnterpriseAverage Procurement
Price**Average
Representative
Domestic Sales PriceAverage Export Price National Production
Non-Fat Dry Milk -
HS 040210104,000 MT 0 n.a. $2,548/MT n.a. 515,000 MT
But. & But. Oil  HS
040510 &0405903,000  MT 0 n.a. $2,530/MT n.a. 530,000 MTG/STR/N/7/USA
Page 19TABLE III
STATE TRADING:  Commodity Credit Corporation (CCC)
STATISTICAL INFORMATION, DOMEST IC ACTIVITIES FISCAL YEAR 1998
(Metric Tons)
Description of Product
Including HS NumberDomestic Purchases By State
Trading EnterprisesNational Production Domestic Sales By State
Trading EnterpriseNational Consumption
Non-Fat Dry Milk (0402) 59,132 514,827 1,522 400,976
Honey (0409) 0 99,934 0 117,934
Butter (0405) 0 529,796 0 547,940
Cheese (0406) 65 3,398,315 711 3,475,426
Wheat (1001) 772,617 69,318,006 98,373 37,584,674
Barley (1003) 610 7,663,899 8,448 7,206,678
Oats (1004) 0 2,409,483 334 3,846,464
Corn (1005) 282,918 247,890,114 47,348 185,885,834
Rice (1006) 105,415 8,364,246 45 5,170,954
Sorghum (1007) 77,372 13,208,614 686 7,798,162
Soybeans (1201) 0 74,598,203 30,427 48,748,520
Peanuts (1202) 0 1,797,787 0 678,946
Flaxseed (1204) 0 170,391 0 285,687
Sugar (1212) 0 7,597,000 0 9,079,000
Cotton (5201) 0 3,030,332 1,306 2,222,966
Sunflower (1206) 9,480 2,391,867 91 2,027,000
Wool (4102) 0 11,797 0 52,027
Mohair (4102) 0 2,109 0 n/aG/STR/N/7/USA
Page 20
TABLE I
STATE TRADING:  Isotopes Production and Distribution
STATISTICAL INFORM ATION, IMPORTS 1998
Description of
Product Including HS
NumberTotal Quantity
Imported*Quantity Imported by
State Trading
EnterpriseAverage Import Price Average
Representative
Domestic Sales PriceMark-up** National Production
Element, Isotope &
Compound with
Radioactivity only -
HS 2844.40.0010Unknown $0 n.a. Unknown n.a. Unknown
Radioactive Element,
Isotope &
Compound, nesoi -
HS 2844.40.0020Unknown $0 n.a. Unknown n.a. Unknown
Heavy Water
(deuerium oxide) -
HS 2845.10.0000Unknown $0 n.a. Unknown n.a. Unknown
Isotopes, except
heading 2844;
compound
inorganic/organic,
nesoi - HS
2845.90.0000Unknown $0 n.a. Unknown n.a. UnknownG/STR/N/7/USA
Page 21TABLE II
STATE TRADING:  Isotopes Production and Distribution
STATISTICAL INFORMATION, EXPORTS 1998
Description of
Product Including HS
NumberTotal Quantity
Exported*Quantity Exported by
State Trading
EnterpriseAverage Procurement
Price**Average
Representative
Domestic Sales PriceAverage Export Price National Production
Element, Isotope &
Compound with
Radioactivity only -
HS 2844.40.0010Unknown 0 n.a. Unknown n.a. Unknown
Radioactive Element,
Isotope &
Compound, nesoi -
HS 2844.40.0020Unknown 280,689 GBq $0 Unknown $0.52/GBq Unknown
Heavy Water
(deuerium oxide) -
HS 2845.10.0000Unknown 0 n.a. Unknown n.a. Unknown
Isotopes, except
heading 2844;
compound
inorganic/organic,
nesoi - HS
2845.90.0000Unknown 1.4 kg $0 Unknown $892,257/kg UnknownG/STR/N/7/USA
Page 22
TABLE III
STATE TRADING:  Isotopes Production and Distribution
STATISTICAL INFORMATION, DOMESTIC ACTIVITIES 1998
Description of Product
Including HS NumberDomestic Purchases By State
Trading EnterprisesNational Production Domestic Sales By State
Trading EnterpriseNational Consumption
Element, Isotope &
Compound with
Radioactivity only - HS
2844.40.0010$0 Unknown 0 Unknown
Radioactive Element, Isotope
& Compound, nesoi - HS
2844.40.0020$0 Unknown 130,020 curies Unknown
Heavy Water (deuerium
oxide) - HS 2845.10.0000$0 Unknown 0 Unknown
Isotopes, except heading
2844; compound
inorganic/organic, nesoi - HS
2845.90.0000$0 Unknown 3.2 kg UnknownG/STR/N/7/USA
Page 23TABLE I
STATE TRADING:  Power Marketing Administration
STATISTICAL INFORMATION, IMPORTS 1998
Description of
Product Including
HS NumberTotal Quantity
Imported*Quantity Imported by State
Trading EnterpriseAverage Import Price Average
Representative
Domestic Sales PriceMark-up** National Production
Western Electrical Energy -
HS 271640 billion KWH 22.5 million KWH $.0149/KWH $.0647/KWH N/A 3,620.3 billion
KWH
Bonneville Electrical Energy -
HS 271640 billion KWH Op. Agrmnts: .3 billion
KWH.  Energy: .7 billion
KWHExchanges: n/a.  Energy:
$.0239/KWH$.0647/KWH N/A 3,620.3 billion
KWH
Southwestern Electrical Energy -
HS 271640 billion KWH 0 N/A $.0647/KWH N/A 3,620.3 billion
KWH
Southeastern Electrical Energy -
HS 271640 billion KWH 0 N/A $.0647/KWH N/A 3,620.3 billion
KWHG/STR/N/7/USA
Page 24
TABLE II
STATE TRADING:  Power Marketing Administration
STATISTICAL INFORMATION, EXPORTS 1998
Description of
Product Including
HS NumberTotal Quantity
Exported*Quantity Exported by State
Trading EnterpriseAverage
Procurement
Price**Average
Representative
Domestic Sales PriceAverage Export Price National Production
Western Electrical Energy -
HS 271614 billion KWH 31.5 million KWH $.0160/KWH $.0674/KWH $.0217/KWH 3,620.3 billion KWH
Bonneville Electrical Energy -
HS 271614 billion KWH Op. Agrmnts: 1 billion KWH.
Energy: 1.6 billion KWHN/A $.0674/KWH Op. Agrmnts: n/a.
Energy: $.0143/KWH3,620.3 billion KWH
Southwestern Electrical Energy -
HS 271614 billion KWH 0 N/A $.0674/KWH N/A 3,620.3 billion KWH
Southeastern Electrical Energy -
HS 271614 billion KWH 0 N/A $.0674/KWH N/A 3,620.3 billion KWHG/STR/N/7/USA
Page 25TABLE III
STATE TRADING:  Power Marketing Administration
STATISTICAL INFORMATION, DOMESTIC ACTIVITIES 1998
Description of Product
Including HS NumberDomestic Purchases By State
Trading EnterprisesNational Production Domestic Sales By State
Trading EnterpriseNational Consumption
Western Electrical Energy - HS 2716 5.9 billion KWH 3, 620.3 billion KWH 45.0 billio n KWH 3,424.0 billion KWH
Bonneville Electrical Energy - HS 2716 5,265 million KWH 3 ,620.3 billion KWH 88,879 million KWH 3,424.0 billion KWH
Southwestern Electrical Energy - HS 2716 76,488,000 KWH 3, 620.3 billion KWH 6, 131,173,000 KWH 3, 424.0 billion KWH
Southeastern Electrical Energy - HS 2716 0 3,620.3 billion KWH 8,752,401,964 KWH 3,424.0 billion KWHG/STR/N/7/USA
Page 26
TABLE I
STATE TRADING:  Strategic Petroleum Reserve
STATISTICAL INFORM ATION, IMPORTS 1998
Description of
Product Including HS
NumberTotal Quantity
Imported*Quantity Imported by
State Trading
EnterpriseAverage Import Price Average
Representative
Domestic Sales PriceMark-up** National Production
Crude Oil - HS 2709 3,177,584
(1,000 Barrels)0 n.a. $10.87 (Per Barrel) n.a. 2,281,919
(1,000 Barrels)G/STR/N/7/USA
Page 27TABLE II
STATE TRADING:  Strategic Petroleum Reserve
STATISTICAL INFORMATION, EXPORTS 1998
Description of
Product Including HS
NumberTotal Quantity
Exported*Quantity Exported by
State Trading
EnterpriseAverage Procurement
Price**Average Representative
Domestic Sales PriceAverage Export Price National Production
Crude Oil - HS 2709 40,102
(1,000 Barrels)0 n.a. $10.87 (Per Barrel) n.a. 2,281,919
(1,000 Barrels)G/STR/N/7/USA
Page 28
TABLE III
STATE TRADING:  Strategic Petroleum Reserve
STATISTICAL INFORMATION, DOMESTIC ACTIVITIES 1998
Description of Product
Including HS NumberDomestic Purchases By State
Trading EnterprisesNational Production Domestic Sales By State
Trading EnterpriseNational Consumption
Crude Oil - HS 2709 0 2,281,919 (1,000 Barrels) 0 18,917
(1,000 Barrels/Day Average)G/STR/N/7/USA
Page 29TABLE I
STATE TRADING:  Commodity Credit Corporation (CCC)
STATISTICAL INFORMATION, IMPORTS FISCAL YEAR 1999
Description of
Product Including HS
NumberTotal Quantity
Imported*Quantity Imported by
State Trading
EnterpriseAverage Import Price Average
Representative
Domestic Sales PriceMark-up** National Production
Non-Fat Dry Milk -
HS 0402105,000 MT 0 n.a. $2,290/MT n.a. 617,000 MT
But. & But. Oil  HS
040510 &04059018,000 MT 0 n.a. $2,720/MT n.a. 579,000  MTG/STR/N/7/USA
Page 30
TABLE II
STATE TRADING:  Commodity Credit Corporation (CCC)
STATISTICAL INFORMATION, EXPORTS FISCAL YEAR 1999
Description of
Product Including HS
NumberTotal Quantity
Exported*Quantity Exported by
State Trading
EnterpriseAverage Procurement
Price**Average
Representative
Domestic Sales PriceAverage Export Price National Production
Non-Fat Dry Milk -
HS 040210217,000 MT 0 n.a. $2,290/MT n.a. 617,000 MT
But. & But. Oil  HS
040510 &0405902,000 MT 0 n.a. $2,720/MT n.a. 579,000 MTG/STR/N/7/USA
Page 31TABLE III
STATE TRADING:  Commodity Credit Corporation (CCC)
STATISTICAL INFORMATION, DOMEST IC ACTIVITIES FISCAL YEAR 1999
(Metric Tons)
Description of Product
Including HS NumberDomestic Purchases By State
Trading EnterprisesNational Production Domestic Sales By State
Trading EnterpriseNational Consumption
Non-Fat Dry Milk (0402) 79,795 616,886 16,840 356,977
Honey (0409) 0 93,100 0 133,356
Butter (0405) 0 579,238 0 592,845
Cheese (0406) 0 3,580,659 0 3,667,749
Wheat (1001) 5,648,887 62,568,549 183,901 35,407,430
Barley (1003) 0 6,096,283 66,188 6,705,911
Oats (1004) 0 2,119,184 5,385 3,614,225
Corn (1005) 204,657 239,558,527 368,063 192,490,141
Rice (1006) 242,853 9,344,005 12,292 5,529,293
Sorghum (1007) 109,225 15,113,702 28,373 8,636,401
Soybeans (1201) 39,952 72,223,483 177,609 47,402,249
Peanuts (1202) 0 1,737,028 33 699,170
Flaxseed (1204) 181 199,755 3,311 372,610
Sugar (1212) 0 8,203,000 0 9,049,000
Cotton (5201) 0 3,694,348 218 2,142,844
Sunflower (1206) 41,549 1,969,436 34,745 1,811,000
Wool (4102) 0 11,147 0 35,153
Mohair (4102) 0 1,157 0 n/aG/STR/N/7/USA
Page 32
TABLE I
STATE TRADING:  Isotopes Production and Distribution
STATISTICAL INFORM ATION, IMPORTS 1999
Description of
Product Including HS
NumberTotal Quantity
Imported*Quantity Imported by
State Trading
EnterpriseAverage Import Price Average
Representative
Domestic Sales PriceMark-up** National Production
Element, Isotope &
Compound with
Radioactivity only -
HS 2844.40.0010Unknown 0 n.a. Unknown n.a. Unknown
Radioactive Element,
Isotope &
Compound, nesoi -
HS 2844.40.0020Unknown 0 n.a. Unknown n.a. Unknown
Heavy Water
(deuerium oxide) -
HS 2845.10.0000Unknown 0 n.a. Unknown n.a. Unknown
Isotopes, except
heading 2844;
compound
inorganic/organic,
nesoi - HS
2845.90.0000Unknown 0 n.a. Unknown n.a. UnknownG/STR/N/7/USA
Page 33TABLE II
STATE TRADING:  Isotopes Production and Distribution
STATISTICAL INFORMATION, EXPORTS 1999
Description of
Product Including HS
NumberTotal Quantity
Exported*Quantity Exported by
State Trading
EnterpriseAverage Procurement
Price**Average
Representative
Domestic Sales PriceAverage Export Price National Production
Element, Isotope &
Compound with
Radioactivity only -
HS 2844.40.0010Unknown 0 n.a. Unknown n.a. Unknown
Radioactive Element,
Isotope &
Compound, nesoi -
HS 2844.40.0020Unknown 1,978612 GBq $0 Unknown $0.80/GBq Unknown
Heavy Water
(deuerium oxide) -
HS 2845.10.0000Unknown 0 n.a. Unknown n.a. Unknown
Isotopes, except
heading 2844;
compound
inorganic/organic,
nesoi - HS
2845.90.0000Unknown 7.5 kg $0 Unknown $90,659/kg UnknownG/STR/N/7/USA
Page 34 TABLE III
STATE TRADING:  Isotopes Production and Distribution
STATISTICAL INFORMATION, DOMESTIC ACTIVITIES 1999
Description of Product
Including HS NumberDomestic Purchases By State
Trading EnterprisesNational Production Domestic Sales By State
Trading EnterpriseNational Consumption
Element, Isotope &
Compound with
Radioactivity only - HS
2844.40.0010$0 Unknown 0 Unknown
Radioactive Element, Isotope
& Compound, nesoi - HS
2844.40.0020$0 Unknown 171,130 Curies Unknown
Heavy Water (deuerium
oxide) - HS 2845.10.0000$0 Unknown 0 Unknown
Isotopes, except heading
2844; compound
inorganic/organic, nesoi - HS
2845.90.0000$0 Unknown 10.3 kg UnknownG/STR/N/7/USA
Page 35TABLE I
STATE TRADING:  Power Marketing Administration
STATISTICAL INFORMATION, IMPORTS 1999
Description of
Product Including
HS NumberTotal Quantity
Imported*Quantity Imported by State
Trading EnterpriseAverage Import Price Average
Representative
Domestic Sales
PriceMark-up** National Production
Western Electrical Energy -
HS 271643 billion KWH 3.0 million KWH $.0649/KWH $.0664/KWH N/A 3,694.8 billion
KWH
Bonneville Electrical Energy -
HS 271643 billion KWH Op. Agrmnts: .1 billion KWH.
Energy: .6 billion KWHOp. Agrmnts: n/a.
Energy: $.0299/KWH$.0664/KWH N/A 3,694.8 billion
KWH
Southwestern Electrical Energy -
HS 271643 billion KWH 0 N/A $.0664/KWH N/A 3,694.8 billion
KWH
Southeastern Electrical Energy -
HS 271643 billion KWH 0 N/A $.0664/KWH N/A 3,694.8 billion
KWHG/STR/N/7/USA
Page 36
TABLE II
STATE TRADING:  Power Marketing Administration
STATISTICAL INFORMATION, EXPORTS 1999
Description of
Product Including
HS NumberTotal Quantity
Exported*Quantity Exported by State
Trading EnterpriseAverage
Procurement Price**Average
Representative
Domestic Sales
PriceAverage Export Price National Production
Western Electrical Energy -
HS 271614 billion KWH 282.9 million KWH $.0160/KWH $.0664/KWH $.0167/KWH 3,694.3 billion
KWH
Bonneville Electrical Energy -
HS 271614 billion KWH Op. Agrmnts: 2.6 billion KWH.
Energy: 2.8 billion KWHN/A $.0664/KWH Op. Agrmnts: n/a.
Energy: $.0157/KWH3,694.3 billion
KWH
Southwestern Electrical Energy -
HS 271614 billion KWH 0 N/A N/A N/A 3,694.3 billion
KWH
Southeastern Electrical Energy -
HS 271614 billion KWH 0 N/A N/A N/A 3,694.3 billion
KWHG/STR/N/7/USA
Page 37TABLE III
STATE TRADING:  Power Marketing Administration
STATISTICAL INFORMATION, DOMESTIC ACTIVITIES 1999
Description of Product
Including HS NumberDomestic Purchases By State
Trading EnterprisesNational Production Domestic Sales By State
Trading EnterpriseNational Consumption
Western Electrical Energy - HS 2716 6.9 billion KWH 3, 694.8 billion KWH 44.8 billio n KWH 3,500.9 billion KWH
Bonneville Electrical Energy - HS 2716 9,119 million KW H 3,694.8 billion KWH 96,000 KWH 3,500.9 billion KWH
Southwestern Electrical Energy - HS 2716 13,701,000 KWH 3, 694.8 billion KWH 6, 592,848,000 KWH 3, 500.9 billion KWH
Southeastern Electrical Energy - HS 2716 30,186,000 KWH 3, 694.8 billion KWH 5, 708,038,648 KWH 3, 500.9 billion KWHG/STR/N/7/USA
Page 38
TABLE I
STATE TRADING:  Strategic Petroleum Reserve
STATISTICAL INFORM ATION, IMPORTS 1999
Description of
Product Including HS
NumberTotal Quantity
Imported*Quantity Imported by
State Trading
EnterpriseAverage Import Price Average
Representative
Domestic Sales PriceMark-up** National Production
Crude Oil - HS 2709 3,186,663
(1,000 Barrels)6,635 (1,000 Barrels) $37.58 $15.56 (Per Barrel) n.a. 2,146,732
(1,000 Barrels)G/STR/N/7/USA
Page 39TABLE II
STATE TRADING:  Strategic Petroleum Reserve
STATISTICAL INFORMATION, EXPORTS 1999
Description of
Product Including HS
NumberTotal Quantity
Exported*Quantity Exported by
State Trading
EnterpriseAverage Procurement
Price**Average
Representative
Domestic Sales PriceAverage Export Price National Production
Crude Oil - HS 2709 43,031
(1,000 Barrels)0 n.a. $15.56 (Per Barrel) n.a. 2,146,732
(1,000 Barrels)G/STR/N/7/USA
Page 40
TABLE III
STATE TRADING:  Strategic Petroleum Reserve
STATISTICAL INFORMATION, DOMESTIC ACTIVITIES 1999
Description of Product
Including HS NumberDomestic Purchases By State
Trading EnterprisesNational Production Domestic Sales By State
Trading EnterpriseNational Consumption
Crude Oil - HS 2709 1,422 (1,000 Barrels) 2,146,732 (1,000 Barrels) 0 19,519
(1,000 Barrels/Day Average)G/STR/N/7/USA
Page 41TABLE I
STATE TRADING:  Commodity Credit Corporation (CCC)
STATISTICAL INFORMATION, IMPORTS FISCAL YEAR 2000
Description of
Product Including HS
NumberTotal Quantity
Imported*Quantity Imported by
State Trading
EnterpriseAverage Import Price Average
Representative
Domestic Sales PriceMark-up** National Production
Non-Fat Dry Milk -
HS 0402103,000 MT 0 n.a. $2,240/MT n.a. 659,000 MT
But. & But. Oil  HS
040510 &04059015,000 MT 0 n.a. $2,610/MT n.a. 570,000 MTG/STR/N/7/USA
Page 42
TABLE II
STATE TRADING:  Commodity Credit Corporation (CCC)
STATISTICAL INFORMATION, EXPORTS FISCAL YEAR 2000
Description of
Product Including HS
NumberTotal Quantity
Exported*Quantity Exported by
State Trading
EnterpriseAverage Procurement
Price**Average
Representative
Domestic Sales PriceAverage Export Price National Production
Non-Fat Dry Milk -
HS 040210142,000 MT 0 n.a. $2,240/MT n.a. 659,000 MT
But. & But. Oil  HS
040510 &0405904,000 MT 0 n.a. $2,610/MT n.a. 570,000 MTG/STR/N/7/USA
Page 43TABLE I
STATE TRADING:  Isotopes Production and Distribution
STATISTICAL INFORM ATION, IMPORTS 2000
Description of
Product Including HS
NumberTotal Quantity
Imported*Quantity Imported by
State Trading
EnterpriseAverage Import Price Average
Representative
Domestic Sales PriceMark-up** National Production
Element, Isotope &
Compound with
Radioactivity only -
HS 2844.40.0010Unknown 0 n.a. Unknown n.a. Unknown
Radioactive Element,
Isotope &
Compound, nesoi -
HS 2844.40.0020Unknown 0 n.a. Unknown n.a. Unknown
Heavy Water
(deuerium oxide) -
HS 2845.10.0000Unknown 0 n.a. Unknown n.a. Unknown
Isotopes, except
heading 2844;
compound
inorganic/organic,
nesoi - HS
2845.90.0000Unknown 0 n.a. Unknown n.a. UnknownG/STR/N/7/USA
Page 44 TABLE II
STATE TRADING:  Isotopes Production and Distribution
STATISTICAL INFORMATION, EXPORTS 2000
Description of
Product Including HS
NumberTotal Quantity
Exported*Quantity Exported by
State Trading
EnterpriseAverage Procurement
Price**Average
Representative
Domestic Sales PriceAverage Export Price National Production
Element, Isotope &
Compound with
Radioactivity only -
HS 2844.40.0010Unknown 0 n.a. Unknown n.a. Unknown
Radioactive Element,
Isotope &
Compound, nesoi -
HS 2844.40.0020Unknown 233,354 GBq $0 Unknown $3.26/GBq Unknown
Heavy Water
(deuerium oxide) -
HS 2845.10.0000Unknown 0 n.a. Unknown n.a. Unknown
Isotopes, except
heading 2844;
compound
inorganic/organic,
nesoi - HS
2845.90.0000Unknown 14.7 kg $0 Unknown $32,733/kg UnknownG/STR/N/7/USA
Page 45TABLE III
STATE TRADING:  Isotopes Production and Distribution
STATISTICAL INFORMATION, DOMESTIC ACTIVITIES 2000
Description of Product
Including HS NumberDomestic Purchases By State
Trading EnterprisesNational Production Domestic Sales By State
Trading EnterpriseNational Consumption
Element, Isotope &
Compound with
Radioactivity only - HS
2844.40.0010$0 Unknown 0 Unknown
Radioactive Element, Isotope
& Compound, nesoi - HS
2844.40.0020$0 Unknown 131,601 Curies Unknown
Heavy Water (deuerium
oxide) - HS 2845.10.0000$0 Unknown 0 Unknown
Isotopes, except heading
2844; compound
inorganic/organic, nesoi - HS
2845.90.0000$0 Unknown 13.4 kg UnknownG/STR/N/7/USA
Page 46
TABLE I
STATE TRADING:  Power Marketing Administration
STATISTICAL INFORMATION, IMPORTS 2000
Description of
Product Including
HS NumberTotal Quantity
Imported*Quantity Imported by State
Trading EnterpriseAverage Import Price Average
Representative
Domestic Sales
PriceMark-up** National Production
Western Electrical Energy -
HS 271649 billion KWH 135.0 million KWH $.0259/KWH $.0681/KWH N/A 3,802.1 billion KWH
Bonneville Electrical Energy -
HS 271649 billion KWH Op. Agrmnts: .3 billion KWH.
Energy: .3 billion KWHOp. Agrmnts: n/a.
Energy: $.1055/KWH$.0681/KWH N/A 3,802.1 billion KWH
Southwestern Electrical Energy -
HS 271649 billion KWH 0 N/A N/A N/A 3,802.1 billion KWH
Southeastern Electrical Energy -
HS 271649 billion KWH 0 N/A N/A N/A 3,802.1 billion KWHG/STR/N/7/USA
Page 47TABLE II
STATE TRADING:  Power Marketing Administration
STATISTICAL INFORMATION, EXPORTS 2000
Description of
Product Including
HS NumberTotal Quantity
Exported*Quantity Exported by State
Trading EnterpriseAverage
Procurement Price**Average
Representative
Domestic Sales
PriceAverage Export Price National Production
Western Electrical Energy -
HS 271615 billion KWH 371.5 million KWH $0169/KWH $.0681/KWH $.0185/KWH 3,802.1 billion KWH
Bonneville Electrical Energy -
HS 271615 billion KWH Op. Agrmnts: 3.3 billion KWH.
Energy: 1.1 billion KWHN/A $.0681/KWH Op. Agrmnts: n/a.
Energy: $.0322/KWH3,802.1 billion KWH
Southwestern Electrical Energy -
HS 271615 billion KWH 0 N/A $.0681/KWH N/A 3,802.1 billion KWH
Southeastern Electrical Energy -
HS 271615 billion KWH 0 N/A $.0681/KWH N/A 3,802.1 billion KWHG/STR/N/7/USA
Page 48
TABLE III
STATE TRADING:  Power Marketing Administration
STATISTICAL INFORMATION, DOMESTIC ACTIVITIES 2000
Description of Product
Including HS NumberDomestic Purchases By State
Trading EnterprisesNational Production Domestic Sales By State
Trading EnterpriseNational Consumption
Western Electrical Energy - HS 2716 10.4 billion KWH 3 ,802.1 billion KW H 45.0 billion KWH 3,621 billion KWH
Bonneville Electrical Energy - HS 2716 10,363 million KWH 3,802.1 billion KWH 90,771 million KWH 3,621 billion KWH
Southwestern Electrical Energy - HS 2716 61,450,000 KWH 3 ,802.1 billion KWH 3 ,912,411,000 KWH 3,621 billion KWH
Southeastern Electrical Energy - HS 2716 304,200,000 KWH 3, 802.1 billion KWH 4, 639,479,004 KWH 3,621 billion KWHG/STR/N/7/USA
Page 49TABLE I
STATE TRADING:  Strategic Petroleum Reserve
STATISTICAL INFORM ATION, IMPORTS 2000
Description of
Product Including HS
NumberTotal Quantity
Imported*Quantity Imported by
State Trading
EnterpriseAverage Import Price Average
Representative
Domestic Sales PriceMark-up** National Production
Crude Oil - HS 2709 3,319,816
(1,000 Barrels)4,505 (1,000 Barrels) $24.85 $26.72 (Per Barrel) n.a. 2,130,707
(1,000 Barrels)G/STR/N/7/USA
Page 50 TABLE II
STATE TRADING:  Strategic Petroleum Reserve
STATISTICAL INFORMATION, EXPORTS 2000
Description of
Product Including HS
NumberTotal Quantity
Exported*Quantity Exported by
State Trading
EnterpriseAverage Procurement
Price**Average
Representative
Domestic Sales PriceAverage Export Price National Production
Crude Oil - HS 2709 18,352
(1,000 Barrels)0 n.a. $26.72 (Per Barrel) n.a. 2,130,707
(1,000 Barrels)G/STR/N/7/USA
Page 51TABLE III
STATE TRADING:  Strategic Petroleum Reserve
STATISTICAL INFORMATION, DOMESTIC ACTIVITIES 2000
Description of Product
Including HS NumberDomestic Purchases By State
Trading EnterprisesNational Production Domestic Sales By State
Trading EnterpriseNational Consumption
Crude Oil - HS 2709 2,287 (1,000 Barrels) 2,130,707 (1,000 Barrels) 33,353 (1,000 Barrels) 19,701
(1,000 Barrels/Day Average)
__________