RESTRICTEDWORLD TRADE
ORGANIZATIONTN/S/O/COL
18 September 2003
(03-4999)
Council for Trade in Services
Special SessionOriginal:  Spanish
COLOMBIA
Initial Offer
The following initial offer was received from the delegation of Colombia on
4 September 2003 with the request that it be circulated to the Members of the Council for Trade in
Services.
_______________
Colombia hereby submits its conditional initial offer of specific commitments in services.
The offer is not a legal text and is submitted pursuant to the mandate established in paragraph 15 of
the Doha Ministerial Declaration concerning Members' commitment to submit an initial offer for the
current negotiations, and in the context of the Development Agenda.
This initial offer is made in the context of paragraphs 47 and 49 of the Doha Ministerial
Declaration, especially in the light of the need to achieve an overall balance in the outcome of all
World Trade Organization (WTO) negotiations.  Accordingly, this offer is contingent on such an
overall balance and Colombia reserves the right to modify and/or withdraw it in the course of the
current negotiations.
In conformity with Article 1.3(b)(c) of the GATS, services supplied in the exercise of
governmental authority are not included in this offer.
As regards matters pertaining to domestic regulation and GATS rules, Colombia accords
priority to the negotiation of horizontal disciplines in the context of paragraph 7 of the Guidelines andProcedures for the Negotiations on Trade in Services (S/L/93).
Furthermore, pursuant to Article VI of the GATS Colombia reserves the right to establish,
maintain and fully implement its national legislation in order to achieve legitimate policy objectives in
consumer protection, health and the environment among other areas.  It likewise reserves the right torevise or amend this offer in the light of the results reached in the Working Party on GATS Rules and
the Working Party on Domestic Regulation.
In drawing up this initial offer, Colombia took as a basis, as far as was possible, the Services
Sectoral Classification List (MTN.GNS/W/120) and the definitions contained in the United Nations'Central Product Classification.
Colombia is ready to comment on or clarify any doubts concerning its conditional initial
offer.  Queries should be addressed to the Permanent Mission of Colombia to the WTO in Geneva, or
to the Ministry of Trade, Industry and Tourism of Colombia (Foreign Investment and Services
Department).
_______________TN/S/O/COL
Page 2COLOMBIA - CONSOLIDATED SCHEDULE OF SPECIFIC COMMITMENTS
Modes of supply:            (1)    Cross-border supply         (2)    Consumption abroad           (3)    Commercial presence         ( 4)    Presence of natural persons
Sector or subsector Limitations on market access Limit ations on national treatm ent Additional commitments
I. HORIZONTAL COMMITMENTS
ALL SECTORS INCLUDED
IN THIS SCHEDULE
(3) Foreign investment is allowed in all sectors of
the economy except for investment projects inactivities relating to national defence and theprocessing and disposal of toxic, hazardous orradioactive waste not produced in Colombia.
With regard to foreign corporations, a tax
exists on remittances of profits.   Colombia
considers that this tax is compatible with the
provisions of the General Agreement on Trade
in Services, in particular with the footnote to
Article XVI(d), and therefore it is not specified
or scheduled in this offer .With regard to foreign corporations, a tax exists on
remittances of profits.
Unappropriated land along the Colombian
coastlines and in the border regions withneighbouring countries may be awarded solelyto Colombians by birth.  Unappropriated land
thus acquired cannot be transferred to foreigners.
In the islands of the San Andrés and Providencia
Archipelago, the acquisition of real property byforeigners, as well as immigration and humansettlements, are governed by special provisionsfor which all relevant reservations areestablished here.TN/S/O/COL
Page 3Modes of supply:            (1)    Cross-border supply         (2)    Consumption abroad           (3)    Commercial presence         ( 4)    Presence of natural persons
Sector or subsector Limitations on market access Limit ations on national treatm ent Additional commitments
(4) Unbound, except for measures affecting the
entry and temporary stay of natural persons inthe following categories:(4) Unbound, except for the categories of persons
indicated in the market access column.
Managers, legal representatives and technical
specialists, with the exception of the professionalservices subsectors.
Any employer with a staff of more than ten
employees must employ Colombians in aproportion of not less than 90 per cent of thestaff of ordinary employees and not less than80 per cent of the skilled employees orspecialists, administrative staff or persons inposts of responsibility.
II.  SECTOR-SPECIFIC COMMITMENTS
1.  BUSINESS SERVICES
A.  Professional services
(a) Legal services (CPC 861)
Only legal advisoryservices in foreignlegislation andinternational legislation(excludes advice andlitigation in national law)(1) None
(2) None(3) Unbound
(4) Unbound(1) None
(2) None(3) Unbound
(4) UnboundTN/S/O/COL
Page 4Modes of supply:            (1)    Cross-border supply         (2)    Consumption abroad           (3)    Commercial presence         ( 4)    Presence of natural persons
Sector or subsector Limitations on market access Limit ations on national treatm ent Additional commitments
(b) Accounting and
book-keeping services(CPC 862)(1) Unbound
(2) None(3) In public accounting companies, at least 80 per
cent of partners must be public accountants andthe legal representative shall be a publicaccountant when all partners are publicaccountants.(1) Unbound
(2) None(3) It is necessary to be registered as an accountant,
for which it is necessary to be a Colombiannational having the exercise of civil rights or analien domiciled in Colombia for at least threeyears prior to the application, and satisfy thefollowing requirements:
(a) Possess the degree of public accountant 
from  a Colombian University, show evidence of experience in activities relating to accounting in general of not less than one year, acquired simultaneously  with or subsequently to the above studies.
(b) Or possess  the degree of public accountant
or  an equivalent title issued by foreign institutions of countries with which Colombia has signed agreements  on recognition of degrees and endorsed by  the duly authorized governmental body.
(4) Unbound (4) Unbound
(c) Tax advisory services
(CPC 863)(1) Unbound
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal
section.(1) Unbound
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal
section.TN/S/O/COL
Page 5Modes of supply:            (1)    Cross-border supply         (2)    Consumption abroad           (3)    Commercial presence         ( 4)    Presence of natural persons
Sector or subsector Limitations on market access Limit ations on national treatm ent Additional commitments
(d)     Management consulting
services (CPC 865)(1)     Unbound
(2)     None
(3)     None
(4)     Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal
section.(1)     Unbound
(2)     None
(3)     None
(4)     Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal
section.Technical amendment:  this
subsector will be relocated forthe sake of alignment with theW/120 classification.
(e)  Engineering services
(CPC 86721)(1)  None
(2)  None(3)  Unbound(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the
horizontal section.(1) None
(2)  None(3)  Unbound(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the
horizontal section.
(g)  Urban planning and 
architectural services(CPC 86742)(1) None
(2)  None(3)  Unbound(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the 
horizontal section.(1) None
(2)  None(3)  Unbound(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the 
horizontal section.
B. Computer and related
services
(a) Consultancy services
related to the installation ofcomputer hardware
(CPC 841)(1) Unbound
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal
section.(1) Unbound
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal
section.
(b) Software implementation
services (CPC 842)(1) Unbound
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal
section.(1) Unbound
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal
section.TN/S/O/COL
Page 6Modes of supply:            (1)    Cross-border supply         (2)    Consumption abroad           (3)    Commercial presence         ( 4)    Presence of natural persons
Sector or subsector Limitations on market access Limit ations on national treatm ent Additional commitments
(c) Data processing services
(CPC 843)(1) Unbound
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the 
horizontal section.(1) Unbound
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal
section.
(d) Data base services
(CPC 844)(1) Unbound
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal
section.(1) Unbound
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal
section.
C.  Research and
development services
(a) R&D services on  natural
sciences(CPC 85101)
(b)  R&D services on social
sciences and humanities(CPC 852)
(c)  Interdisciplinary R&D
services (CPC 853). These include research services and their technological applications that involve a variety of disciplines and areas of  their use for social purposes.(1)  None
(2) None
(3)  None
(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the 
horizontal section.(1) None
(2)  None
(3) Unbound
(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the 
horizontal section.TN/S/O/COL
Page 7Modes of supply:            (1)    Cross-border supply         (2)    Consumption abroad           (3)    Commercial presence         ( 4)    Presence of natural persons
Sector or subsector Limitations on market access Limit ations on national treatm ent Additional commitments
E. Rental/leasing services
without operators
(c)  Rental/leasing services
Rental/leasing services
concerning other meansof transport withoutoperator(1) Unbound
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal
section.(1) Unbound
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal
section.
F.  Other business services
(b)  Market research and
 public opinion pollingservices (CPC 864)(1)  Unbound
(2)  None(3)  None(4)  Unbound, except as indicated in the 
horizontal section.(1) Unbound
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the 
horizontal section.
(c)  Management consulting
service (CPC 865)(1) Unbound
(2) None(3)  None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the 
horizontal section.(1) Unbound
(2) None(3)  None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the 
horizontal section.
(e) Technical testing and
analysis services(CPC 8676)(1) Unbound
(2) None(3) None
(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the 
horizontal section.(1) Unbound
(2) None(3) None.  In order for a foreign firm to carry 
out technical testing and analysiswork, the service provision contract must contain clauses ensuring technology transfer to local firms.
(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the 
horizontal section.
(o) Building-cleaning 
services (CPC  874)(1) Unbound
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the 
horizontal section.(1) Unbound
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the 
horizontal section.TN/S/O/COL
Page 8Modes of supply:            (1)    Cross-border supply         (2)    Consumption abroad           (3)    Commercial presence         ( 4)    Presence of natural persons
Sector or subsector Limitations on market access Limit ations on national treatm ent Additional commitments
Hydrocarbon services1
In geology, geophysics,
geochemistry
Seismic (1) None
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal
section.(1) None
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal
section.
Basin outline surveys (1) None
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal
section.(1) None
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal
section.
Magnetometric surveys (1) None
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal
section.(1) None
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal
section.
Gravimetric surveys (1) None
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal
section.(1) None
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal
section.
Photogeology (1) None
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal
section.(1) None
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontalsection.
                                                     
1 Colombia reserves the right, in the course  of the current negotia tions,  to relocate the commitme nts included in this paragrap h in the light of the progress and
results achieved in the ongoing discussions in the WTO regarding  the various classification pr oposals for ener gy-related servic es.TN/S/O/COL
Page 9Modes of supply:            (1)    Cross-border supply         (2)    Consumption abroad           (3)    Commercial presence         ( 4)    Presence of natural persons
Sector or subsector Limitations on market access Limit ations on national treatm ent Additional commitments
Satellite positioning (1) None
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal
section.(1) None
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal
section.
Remote sensors (1) None
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal
section.(1) None
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal
section.
Biostratigraphic services (1) None
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal
section.(1) None
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal
section.
Acquisition of informationon sub-soil geology(1) None
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal
section.(1) None
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal
section.
Map-making (1) None
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal
section.(1) None
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal
section.
In drilling of hydrocarbon wells
Supply of drillingequipment and
corresponding tests(1) None
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal
section.(1) None
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal
section.TN/S/O/COL
Page 10Modes of supply:            (1)    Cross-border supply         (2)    Consumption abroad           (3)    Commercial presence         ( 4)    Presence of natural persons
Sector or subsector Limitations on market access Limit ations on national treatm ent Additional commitments
Drilling of wells (1) None
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal
section.(1) None
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal
section.
Drilling fluids (1) None
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal
section.(1) None
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal
section.
Taking, processing andinterpretation of samples(1) None
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal
section.(1) None
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal
section.
Coring, cementing, casing (1) None
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal
section.(1) None
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal
section.
Fishing services (1) None
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal
section.(1) None
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal
section.
Directional well services (1) None
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal
section.(1) None
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal
section.TN/S/O/COL
Page 11Modes of supply:            (1)    Cross-border supply         (2)    Consumption abroad           (3)    Commercial presence         ( 4)    Presence of natural persons
Sector or subsector Limitations on market access Limit ations on national treatm ent Additional commitments
Supply of well
cementation andstimulation equipment(1) None
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal
section.(1) None
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal
section.
In production of
hydrocarbons
Well finishing(completion)(1) None
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal
section.(1) None
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal
section.
Pressure and productiontests(1) None
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal
section.(1) None
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal
section.
Reconditioning of wells,
stimulation (acidizing,fracturing, packing)(1) None
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal
section.(1) None
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal
section.
Design, erection andmaintenance of productionfacilities (separator tanks,heaters, collecting lines)(1) None
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal
section.(1) None
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal
section.TN/S/O/COL
Page 12Modes of supply:            (1)    Cross-border supply         (2)    Consumption abroad           (3)    Commercial presence         ( 4)    Presence of natural persons
Sector or subsector Limitations on market access Limit ations on national treatm ent Additional commitments
Design, operation and
maintenance ofproduction, includingmechanical pumping,hydraulic pumping,electrosubmersiblepumping, gas lift, andwork carried out on wellsafter completion (cleaning,repairs)(1) None
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal
section.(1) None
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal
section.
Design, construction,operation and maintenanceof oil and gas pipelines(1) None
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal
section.(1) None
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal
section.
Other1
Administration, operationand maintenance of oilfields(1) None
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal
section.(1) None
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal
section.
Inspection of equipment,tubes and pipes and otherelements used in drillingand hydrocarbon
production(1) None
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal
section.(1) None
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal
section.
                                                     
1 Colombia reserves the right, in the course  of the current negotia tions, to relocate the commitme nts included in this paragraph in the light of the progress and
results achieved in the ongoing discussions in the WTO regarding  the various classification pr oposals for ener gy-related servic es.TN/S/O/COL
Page 13Modes of supply:            (1)    Cross-border supply         (2)    Consumption abroad           (3)    Commercial presence         ( 4)    Presence of natural persons
Sector or subsector Limitations on market access Limit ations on national treatm ent Additional commitments
Environmental
conservation and industrialsafety in connection withoil spills, pollution and fire(1) None
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal
section.(1) None
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal
section.
Mining services1
Geological prospecting
Geological field surveys (1) None
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal
section.(1) None
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal
section.
General geological map-making(1) None
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal
section.(1) None
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal
section.
Semi-detailed geologicalmap-making(1) None
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal
section.(1) None
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal
section.
Detailed geological map-making(1) None
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal
section.(1) None
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal
section.
                                                     
1 Colombia reserves the right, in the course  of the current negotia tions, to relocate the commitme nts included in this paragraph in the light of the progress and
results achieved in the ongoing discussions in the WTO regarding  the various classification pr oposals for ener gy-related servic es.TN/S/O/COL
Page 14Modes of supply:            (1)    Cross-border supply         (2)    Consumption abroad           (3)    Commercial presence         ( 4)    Presence of natural persons
Sector or subsector Limitations on market access Limit ations on national treatm ent Additional commitments
Interpretation of remote-
sensing images(1) None
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal
section.(1) None
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal
section.
Photogeology (1) None
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal
section.(1) None
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal
section.
Geophysical prospecting:geoelectrical, gravimetric,resistivity, magnetometric,refraction and reflexionseismic prospecting(1) None
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal
section.(1) None
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal
section.
Exploratory drilling (1) None
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal
section.(1) None
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal
section.
Trench and spot sampling (1) None
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal
section.(1) None
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal
section.
Petrographical analysis (1) None
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal
section.(1) None
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal
section.TN/S/O/COL
Page 15Modes of supply:            (1)    Cross-border supply         (2)    Consumption abroad           (3)    Commercial presence         ( 4)    Presence of natural persons
Sector or subsector Limitations on market access Limit ations on national treatm ent Additional commitments
Chemical analysis (1) None
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal
section.(1) None
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal
section.
X-Ray spectrography (1) None
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal
section.(1) None
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal
section.
Calculation of reserves and
mine development
Mining geology
(1) None
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal
section.(1) None
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal
section.
Economic geology (1) None
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal
section.(1) None
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal
section.
Feasibility studies (1) None
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal
section.(1) None
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal
section.
Project management (1) None
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the 
horizontal section.(1) None
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal
section.TN/S/O/COL
Page 16Modes of supply:            (1)    Cross-border supply         (2)    Consumption abroad           (3)    Commercial presence         ( 4)    Presence of natural persons
Sector or subsector Limitations on market access Limit ations on national treatm ent Additional commitments
Mine surveying and design (1) None
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal
section.(1) None
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal
section.
Construction assembly andinfrastructure studies(1) None
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal
section.(1) None
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal
section.
Road design (1) None
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal
section.(1) None
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal
section.
Terrain utilization (1) None
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal
section.(1) None
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal
section.
Optimization of operations (1) None
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal
section.(1) None
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal
section.
Geotechnics:  slopestability, slope design(1) None
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal
section.(1) None
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal
section.TN/S/O/COL
Page 17Modes of supply:            (1)    Cross-border supply         (2)    Consumption abroad           (3)    Commercial presence         ( 4)    Presence of natural persons
Sector or subsector Limitations on market access Limit ations on national treatm ent Additional commitments
Environmental impact
studies(1) None
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal
section.(1) None
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal
section.
Ground-water
hydrogeology(1) None
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal
section.(1) None
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal
section.
Geomorphology:  basinand terrain management(1) None
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal
section.(1) None
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal
section.
Mineral ore enrichmentand processing(1) None
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal
section.(1) None
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal
section.
Legal advisory servicesrelating to mining(1) None
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal
section.(1) None
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal
section.TN/S/O/COL
Page 18Modes of supply:            (1)    Cross-border supply         (2)    Consumption abroad           (3)    Commercial presence         ( 4)    Presence of natural persons
Sector or subsector Limitations on market access Limit ations on national treatm ent Additional commitments
2.C. TELECOMMUNICATION SERVICES
For the establishment and operation of telecommunication services , the Colombian State adheres to the standards and recommendat ions laid down by the International
Telecommunication Union (ITU) and its regulatory bodies, the CCITT and CCIR.  Consequently, in the event of any divergence betw een their principles and those set out in the
GATS agreements for the telecommunication sector, the international agreements signed by Colombia in the framework of the ITU s hall apply.  They shall also serve as the rules
of interpretation in conflicts that may arise between parties pursuant to the GATS negotiations on telecommunication services.
The commitments in thisschedule do not coverradio and television
broadcasting services.The licence or concession for the supply of
telecommunications services is granted only toenterprises legally set up in Colombia.The annexed Reference Paper
is adopted, with the notes andreservations indicated.
All sectors
1. For public use, exclusively
facilities-based services
Local and extended local 
voice telephony2(1) None
(2) None(3) Foreign investment is permitted up to a
maximum of 70% of the capital of the enterprise
licensed to operate.
(4) Unbound, except as indicated by horizontal
commitments.(1) None
(2) None(3) None
(4) Unbound, except as indicated by horizontal
commitments.
National and international long-
distance telephonyLong-distance traffic must be routed through
operators licensed to provide a long-distance
telephone service.  Deliberate inversion of the
genuine direction of international traffic (call-back) is not allowed.
                                                     
2  "Extended local" voice telephony (departmental or regional telephony) is the service supplied by the same operator to users i n a continuous geographical area consisting of
adjacent municipalities, provided the area does not go outside that of the Department.TN/S/O/COL
Page 19Modes of supply:            (1)    Cross-border supply         (2)    Consumption abroad           (3)    Commercial presence         ( 4)    Presence of natural persons
Sector or subsector Limitations on market access Limit ations on national treatm ent Additional commitments
(1) None
(2) None(3) Foreign investment is permitted up to a
maximum of 70% of the capital of the enterpriselicensed to operate.  National and internationallong-distance services are provided by the
National Telecommunications Enterprise.  Any
additional number of operators will bedetermined by an economic needs test.(1) None
(2) None(3) None
(4) Unbound, except as indicated by horizontal
commitments.(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal
commitments.
Carrier services
Packet-switched data
transmission services
Circuit-switched data
transmission services
Telex services
Telegraph servicesCarrier services3 may only be supplied by operators
duly authorized to engage in such activities or to
provide the relevant services in Colombia.  Theauthorization to supply carrier services does notinvolve a concession to supply othertelecommunications services.
(1) None
(2) None(3) Foreign investment is permitted up to a
maximum of 70% of the capital of the enterpriselicensed to operate.
(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal
commitments.(1) None
(2) None(3) None
(4) Unbound, except as indicated by horizontal
commitments.
                                                     
     3Carrier service is a service providing the necessary capacity to transmit signals between two or more specific points on the te lecommunications network.  This covers
services through circuit- or packet-switched networks and through non-switched networks.TN/S/O/COL
Page 20Modes of supply:            (1)    Cross-border supply         (2)    Consumption abroad           (3)    Commercial presence         ( 4)    Presence of natural persons
Sector or subsector Limitations on market access Limit ations on national treatm ent Additional commitments
Cellular mobile 
telephone services
(800 MHz band)(1) None
(2) None(3) For the cellular mobile telephone service the
country was divided into three regions;  in eachone the service is supplied by two competingoperators, on an exclusive basis until
1 September 1999.  Thereafter, the additional
number of operators shall be subject totechnological possibility.
4 Private licensed
companies must be established as opencorporations, in other words, no natural or legalperson may, alone or through another person,
hold more than 30% of the company share
capital and the shares must be listed in a stockexchange in Colombia.  Foreign investment ispermitted up to a maximum of 70% of thecapital of the enterprise licensed to operate.(1) None
(2) None(3) None
(4) Unbound, except as indicated by horizontal
commitments.(4) Unbound, except as indicated by horizontal
commitments.
Personal Communications services (PCs)(1) None
(2) None(3) The Personal Communications service will be
supplied as from 31 December 1999 by anumber of operators determined by an economic
needs test.  Foreign investment is permitted up
to a maximum of 70 % of the capital of theenterprise licensed to operate.(1) None
(2) None(3) None
(4) Unbound, except as indicated by horizontal
commitments.(4) Unbound, except as indicated by horizontal
commitments.
                                                     
 4  Technological possibility refers to the relevant clause containe d in current concession contracts for cellular mobile telephone  services.TN/S/O/COL
Page 21Modes of supply:            (1)    Cross-border supply         (2)    Consumption abroad           (3)    Commercial presence         ( 4)    Presence of natural persons
Sector or subsector Limitations on market access Limit ations on national treatm ent Additional commitments
Paging services
(900 MHz band)(1) Unbound
(2) None(3) The number of operators to supply two-way
paging services will be determined not later than30 June 1997.  Foreign investment is permittedup to a maximum of 70 % of the capital of the
enterprise licensed to operate.(1) None
(2) None(3) None
(4) Unbound, except as indicated by horizontal
commitments.(4) Unbound, except as indicated by horizontal
commitments.
Trunking(1) None
(2) None(3) The national trunking service will be supplied by
four operators selected by competitive bidding,
not later than 30 June 1997.  Foreign investment
is permitted up to a maximum of 70% of thecapital of the enterprise licensed to operate.(1) None
(2) None(3) None
(4) Unbound, except as indicated by horizontal
commitments.(4) Unbound, except as indicated by horizontal
commitments.
Provision of satellite capacity, exclusively by 
geostationary satellite 
systemsAuthorizations to provide satellite capacity do not
involve a concession to supply other
telecommunications services in Colombia or in
connections with foreign countries.
(1) None(2) None(3) Foreign investment is permitted up to a
maximum of 70% of the capital of the enterprise
licensed to operate.
(4) Unbound, except as indicated by horizontal
commitments.(1) None
(2) None(3) None
(4) Unbound, except as indicated by horizontal
commitments.TN/S/O/COL
Page 22Modes of supply:            (1)    Cross-border supply         (2)    Consumption abroad           (3)    Commercial presence         ( 4)    Presence of natural persons
Sector or subsector Limitations on market access Limit ations on national treatm ent Additional commitments
2. For non-public use,
facilities-based (Relates to
the private
telecommunicationsnetwork, established bynatural or legal persons fortheir private and exclusiveuse, without provision of
services to third persons
and without connection tothe Statetelecommunicationsnetwork or to other private
telecommunications
networks)
Voice  telephone servicesPacket-switched data 
transmission
Circuit-switched data 
transmission
Private leased circuit 
services
Paging services
Trunking services(1) None
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated by horizontal
commitments.(1) None
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated by horizontal
commitments.TN/S/O/COL
Page 23Modes of supply:            (1)    Cross-border supply         (2)    Consumption abroad           (3)    Commercial presence         ( 4)    Presence of natural persons
Sector or subsector Limitations on market access Limit ations on national treatm ent Additional commitments
(1) Unbound
(2) None(3) Telecommunications are a public service which
the State will provide directly or throughconcessions which may be granted exclusivelyto Colombian natural or legal persons, whilereserving in all cases the power of control andsupervision.(1) Unbound
(2) None(3) Unbound
3. Value-added
telecommunicationservices.  For the purposesof this Schedule, value-added services are definedas those which use as acarrier the basic, telematicor transmission services, orany combination of thoseservices and together withthem provide the completecapability for the sendingor exchange ofinformation, by addingother facilities to thecarrier service or satisfyingspecific newtelecommunication needs.(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal
section.(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal
section.
These include:  electronicmail, voice mail, on-lineinformation and databaseretrieval, electronic datainterchange, facsimilestore and forward, codeand/or protocolconversion, on-line dataprocessing andinformation.
Only services that can bedifferentiated from thebasic services areconsidered value-addedservices.TN/S/O/COL
Page 24Modes of supply:            (1)    Cross-border supply         (2)    Consumption abroad           (3)    Commercial presence         ( 4)    Presence of natural persons
Sector or subsector Limitations on market access Limit ations on national treatm ent Additional commitments
Basic services are carrier
services and tele-services.
Carrier services areservices which provide thenecessary capacity for thetransmission of signalsbetween two or moredefined points in thetelecommunicationnetwork.  They compriseservices carried outthrough circuit-switched orpacket-switched networksand services carried outthrough unswitchednetworks.
They include, inter alia ,
leasing services of isolatedpairs and dedicatedcircuits.
Tele-services are thosewhich in themselvesprovide the full capabilityfor communicationbetween users, includingterminal equipmentfunctions.  They include,among things, fixed,mobile and mobile-cellulartelephony, telgraphy andtelex services.TN/S/O/COL
Page 25Modes of supply:            (1)    Cross-border supply         (2)    Consumption abroad           (3)    Commercial presence         ( 4)    Presence of natural persons
Sector or subsector Limitations on market access Limit ations on national treatm ent Additional commitments
3. CONSTRUCTION AND
RELATEDENGINEERINGSERVICES
A. General construction work
for buildings (CPC 512)(1) Unbound*
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal
section.(1) Unbound*
(2) None
(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal
section.
B. General construction work
for civil engineering
(CPC 513)
For dams (CPC 51330) (1) Unbound*
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal
section.(1) Unbound*
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal
section.
For golf courses(CPC 51372)(1) Unbound*
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal
section.(1) Unbound*
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal
section.
C. Installation and assembly
work
For derrick operations(CPC 51570)(1) Unbound*
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal
section.(1) Unbound*
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal
section.TN/S/O/COL
Page 26Modes of supply:            (1)    Cross-border supply         (2)    Consumption abroad           (3)    Commercial presence         ( 4)    Presence of natural persons
Sector or subsector Limitations on market access Limit ations on national treatm ent Additional commitments
D.  Building completion and
finishing work (CPC 517)(1) Unbound*
(2) Unbound*(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the 
horizontal section.(1) Unbound*
(2) Unbound*(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the 
horizontal section.
E.  Other
Pre-erection work atbuilding and constructionsites (CPC 511)(1) Unbound*
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal
section.(1) Unbound*
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal
section.
Engineering for
hydrocarbon deposits
Study and evaluation of
hydrocarbon deposits(1) None
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal
section.(1) None
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal
section.
Production analysis andcontrol(1) None
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal
section.(1) None
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal
section.
Improved recovery ofhydrocarbons(1) None
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal
section.(1) None
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal
section.
Maximum production rates (1) None
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal
section.(1) None
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal
section.TN/S/O/COL
Page 27Modes of supply:            (1)    Cross-border supply         (2)    Consumption abroad           (3)    Commercial presence         ( 4)    Presence of natural persons
Sector or subsector Limitations on market access Limit ations on national treatm ent Additional commitments
Petrophysical and
petrochemical analysis ofrocks and fluids(1) None
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal
section.(1) None
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal
section.
7. FINANCIAL SERVICES
ALL FINANCIAL
SERVICES(3) The Government may make an authorization for
domestic and foreign financial entities to operatein Colombia subject to an economic needs test.For this purpose, factors such as the publicinterest and local and general economic and
financial conditions are taken into account.(3) In the disposal of State holdings in enterprises,
special conditions are offered exclusively to
Colombian natural or legal persons.
The establishment of suppliers of financial
services from abroad is only permitted in theform of affiliated companies or subsidiaries.Other forms, particularly branches, are excluded.The supply of the service must correspond to thepurpose specifically authorized for the affiliatedcompany or subsidiary, which must adopt thecorporate form required by Colombianlegislation.  Agencies of foreign financialentities may not provide financial services inColombia.
The supply of financial services in Colombiarequires prior Government authorization.  Suchauthorization is granted in accordance with therelevant requirements in Colombian legislationand with the regulatory principles generallyaccepted at the international level.TN/S/O/COL
Page 28Modes of supply:            (1)    Cross-border supply         (2)    Consumption abroad           (3)    Commercial presence         ( 4)    Presence of natural persons
Sector or subsector Limitations on market access Limit ations on national treatm ent Additional commitments
In particular, the authorization permitting
suppliers of financial services to operate inColombia is subject to verification by the
respective supervisory department of the
character, responsibility and qualifications ofpersons participating in the operation as owners,directors or managers.
In addition, the relevant supervisory department
verifies that the applicant entities havesatisfactory controls to prevent the laundering ofassets and to manage risks, and that they haveconsolidated supervision in conformity withgenerally accepted principles in this respect atthe international level.
1. Insurance and insurance-
related services
(a) Direct insurance (including
co-insurance) other than
 life insurance(1) Unbound, except for insurance related to foreign
trade operations, exclusively for externaljourneys, i.e. those which begin or end in a
Colombian port.
(2) Unbound(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal
commitments applicable to all the sectors
included in this Schedule.(1) Unbound
(2) Unbound
(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal
commitments applicable to all the sectors
included in this Schedule.
(b) Reinsurance and 
retrocession(1) None
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal
commitments applicable to all the sectors
included in this Schedule.(1) None
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal
commitments applicable to all the sectors
included in this Schedule.TN/S/O/COL
Page 29Modes of supply:            (1)    Cross-border supply         (2)    Consumption abroad           (3)    Commercial presence         ( 4)    Presence of natural persons
Sector or subsector Limitations on market access Limit ations on national treatm ent Additional commitments
(c) Insurance intermediation
such as brokerage and
agency(1) Unbound
(2) Unbound(3) None
(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal
commitments applicable to all the sectorsincluded in this Schedule.(1) Unbound
(2) Unbound(3) None
(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal
commitments applicable to all the sectorsincluded in this Schedule.
(d) Services auxiliary to 
insurance, such as consultancy, actuarial, risk
 assessment and claim 
settlement services(1) Unbound
(2) Unbound(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal
commitments applicable to all the sectors
included in this Schedule.(1) Unbound
(2) Unbound(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal
commitments applicable to all the sectors
included in this Schedule.
2. Banking and other financial
services (excluding
insurance):
(a) Acceptance of deposits and
other repayable funds fromthe public
(b) Lending of all types,
including consumer credit,mortgage credit, factoringby financial institutions,and financing of
commercial transactions(1) Unbound
(2) Unbound(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal
commitments applicable to all the sectors
included in this Schedule.(1) Unbound
(2) Unbound(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal
commitments applicable to all the sectors
included in this Schedule.
(c) Financial leasing services
(d) Guarantees and 
commitmentsTN/S/O/COL
Page 30Modes of supply:            (1)    Cross-border supply         (2)    Consumption abroad           (3)    Commercial presence         ( 4)    Presence of natural persons
Sector or subsector Limitations on market access Limit ations on national treatm ent Additional commitments
(e) Trading for own account or
for account of customers,whether on an exchange or
in an over-the-counter
market, of the instrumentsmentioned insubparagraphs (x) (C), (E)and (F) of paragraph 5(a) ofthe Annex on financial
services
(f) Participation in issues of
all kinds of securities,including underwriting andplacement as agent(whether publicly orprivately) and provision of
services related to such
issues
(g) Money broking
(h) Provision and transfer of
financial information,financial data processing
and related software by
suppliers of other financialservicesTN/S/O/COL
Page 31Modes of supply:            (1)    Cross-border supply         (2)    Consumption abroad           (3)    Commercial presence         ( 4)    Presence of natural persons
Sector or subsector Limitations on market access Limit ations on national treatm ent Additional commitments
(i) Advisory, intermediation
and other auxiliaryfinancial services on all the
activities listed in
subparagraphs (a) to (h),including credit referenceand analysis, investmentand portfolio research andadvice, advice on
acquisitions and on
corporate restructuring andstrategy
9. TOURISM AND
TRAVEL-RELATEDSERVICES
A. Hotels (CPC 641)
(1) Unbound
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal
section.(1) Unbound
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal
section.
B. Travel agencies and tour
operators services
Travel agencies andtourism(CPC 74710)(1) None
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal
section.(1) None
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal
section.
Wholesale agencies(CPC 74710)(1) None
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the horizonta
 section.(1) None
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal
section.TN/S/O/COL
Page 32Modes of supply:            (1)    Cross-border supply         (2)    Consumption abroad           (3)    Commercial presence         ( 4)    Presence of natural persons
Sector or subsector Limitations on market access Limit ations on national treatm ent Additional commitments
C. Tourist guides services
(CPC 7472)(1) None
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the
horizontal section.(1)  None
(2) None(3)  None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the
horizontal section.
11. TRANSPORT
SERVICES
A. Maritime transport
servicesSuppliers of international
maritime transport servicesmay avail themselves, underreasonable and non-discriminatory  terms andconditions, of the followingservices:
Container  station and depot
services(1) Unbound*
(2) None(3) None
(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the 
horizontal section.(1) Unbound*
(2) None(3) None, but port services in waters under
Colombia's jurisdiction may be supplied onlyby vessels operating under the Colombian
flag.
Any government subsidies awarded will apply
only to companies where at least 51% of theequity is Colombian-held.
(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the
horizontal section.(1) Pilotage,
(2) Towing and tug 
assistance,
(3) Provisioning, fuelling 
and watering,
(4) Garbage collecting and 
ballast waste disposal,
(5) Port captain's services,(6) Navigation aids,(7) Shore-based
operational servicesessential to shipoperations, includingcommunications, waterand electrical supplies,
(8) Emergency repair
facilities,
(9) Anchorage, berth and 
berthing services.TN/S/O/COL
Page 33
ANNEX
Reference Paper
The additional commitments appearing in this  schedule apply to basic telecommunications
services where specific commitments are undertaken.
Scope
The following are definitions and principles on the regulatory framework for the basic
telecommunications services.
Definitions
Users mean service consumers.
Essential facilities mean facilities of a public telecommunications transport network or service
that:
(a) Are exclusively or predominantly provided by a single or limited number of suppliers;
and
(b) cannot feasibly be economically or technically substituted in order to provide a service.
A major supplier is a supplier which has the ability to materially affect the terms of participation
(having regard to price and supply) in the relevant  market for basic telecommunications services as a
result of:
(a) Control over essential facilities;  or(b) use of its position in the market.
1. Competitive safeguards
1.1 Prevention of anti-competitive practices in telecommunications
Appropriate measures shall be maintained for the purpose of preventing suppliers who, alone or
together, are a major supplier from engaging in or continuing anti-competitive practices.
1.2 Safeguards
The anti-competitive practices referred to above shall include in particular:(a) Engaging in anti-competitive cross-subsidization
1;
(b) using information obtained from compe titors with anti-competitive results;  and
(c) not making available to other services suppliers on a timely basis technical information
about essential facilities and commercially relevant information which are necessary forthem to provide services.
                                                     
1   The Colombian State reserves the right to maintain subsidies among different strata of one and the same
service.TN/S/O/COL
Page 34
2. Interconnection
2.1 This section applies to linking with supplie rs providing public telecommunications transport
networks or services in order to allow the users of one supplier to communicate with users of another
supplier and to access services provided by a nother supplier, where specific commitments are
undertaken.
2.2 Interconnection to be ensured
Interconnection with a major supplier will be ensured at any technically feasible point in the
network.2  Such connection is provided:
(a) Under non-discriminatory terms, conditi ons (including technical standards and
specifications) and rates and of a quality no le ss favourable than that provided for its
own like services or for like services of non-affiliated service suppliers or for its
subsidiaries or other affiliates;
(b) in a timely fashion, on terms, conditions  (including technical standards and
specifications) and cost-oriented rates that ar e transparent, reasonable, having regard to
economic feasibility, and sufficiently unbundled so that the supplier need not pay fornetwork components or facilities that it does not  require for the service to be provided;
and
(c) upon request, at points in addition to th e network termination points offered to the
majority of users, subject to charges that reflect the cost of construction of necessaryadditional facilities.
2.3 Public availability of the proced ures for interconnection negotiations
The procedures applicable for interconnection to a major supplier will be made publicly
available.
2.4 Transparency of interconnection arrangements
It is ensured that a major supplier will make  publicly available either its interconnection
agreements or a reference interconnection offer.
2.5 Interconnection:  dispute settlement
A service supplier requesting interconnection with a major supplier will have recourse, either:(a) At any time;  or(b) after a reasonable period of time which has been made publicly known to an
independent domestic body, which may be a regulatory body as referred to in paragraph
5 below, to resolve disputes regarding appropriate terms, conditions and rates for
                                                     
2  When a request is made to the major supplier (operator) or any existing telecommunications services
operator for interconnection at a point different from the one proposed by them, they shall have the right to requirethe new operator to pay the cost caused by that decision.  In the event of a dispute concerning the point ofinterconnection, the regulatory body may rule on the dispute and allocate costs in the light of the relevant rules and
of equitable and objective criteria.TN/S/O/COL
Page 35
interconnection within a reasonable period of time, to the extent that these have not
been established previously.3
3. Universal service
Any Member has the right to define the kind of universal service obligation it wishes to
maintain.  Such obligations will not be regarded as anti-competitive per se , provided they are
administered in a transparent, non-discriminatory  and competitively neutral manner and are not more
burdensome than necessary for the kind of universal service defined by the Member.
4. Public availability of licensing criteria
Where a licence is required, the following will be made publicly available:
(a) All the licensing criteria and the period of time normally required to reach a decision
concerning an application for a licence;  and
(b) the terms and conditions of individual licences.The reasons for the denial of a licence will be made known to the applicant upon request.
5. Independent regulators
The decisions of and the procedures used by regulators shall be impartial with respect to all
market participants.
6. Allocation and use of scarce resources
Any procedures for the allocation and use of scarce resources, including frequencies, numbers
and rights of way, will be carried out in an objective4, timely, transparent and non-discriminatory
manner.  The current state of allocated frequency bands will be made publicly available, but detailed
identification of frequencies allocated for specific government uses is not required.
                                                     
3  This item is adopted on the understanding that "independent domestic body" refers to the body
determined by Colombian law.
4  "Objective" means that allocation and use depend on availability and the national frequency table.TN/S/O/COL
Page 36COLOMBIA - FINAL LIST OF ARTICLE II (MFN) EXEMPTIONS
Sector or subsector Description of measure
indicating its inconsistency with
Article IICountries to which the measure
appliesIntended duration Conditions  creating the need for
the exemption
Telecommunications The principle of national
treatment for the purposes ofcommercial presence is onlygranted to suppliers of services inthe Andean Market ofValue-AddedTelecommunications ServicesAndean Group countries Indefinite Maintains preferential treatment
for suppliers of the relevantservices belonging to countriesmembers of the Andean Group
Audiovisual Measures under existing or future
bilateral or multilateralagreements on theco-production of audiovisualworks for the cinema ortelevision, in particular withregard to their distribution, accessand financing conditionsBelgium;  countries members of
the Latin American Agreement onCinematographic Co-Production;
other countries concernedUnlimited Protects the principle of the
agreements concerned
Insurance and
insurance-relatedservicesAccess to the Colombian market
through the commercial presenceof foreign suppliers of financialservices depends on whether ornot the country of origin of suchsuppliers grants satisfactorypossibilities of access to theirmarkets for Colombian suppliers
of financial services.All countries Indefinite Improves the conditions for the
commercial presence abroad ofColombian suppliers of financial
services.TN/S/O/COL
Page 37Sector or subsector Description of measure
indicating its inconsistency with
Article IICountries to which the measure
appliesIntended duration Conditions creating  the need for
the exemption
Banking and other
financial services,excluding insurance
Land transport Measures which grant
preferential treatment to countriesof the Andean Road FreightSystemCountries of the Andean Group Unlimited Protects regional integration efforts
in this area
__________