RESTRICTEDWORLD TRADE
ORGANIZATIONWT/ACC/VNM/14
28 June 2000
(00-2649)
Working Party on the
Accession of VietnamOriginal:  English
ACCESSION OF VIETNAM
Notification on State Trading Enterprises
The Government of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam has submitted the following
Notification on State Trading Enterprises, with the re quest that it be circulated to the members of the
Working Party.
_______________WT/ACC/VNM/14
Page 2LIST OF STATE TRADING ENTERPRISES OF VIETNAM
No Products HS Name of enterprise Functions of enterprise
1 Rice 100600 - Southern Food Corporation (VINAFOOD II)
- Northern Food Corporation (VINAFOOD I)
- Gedosico Import-Export Company
- Grain Import-Export Company- Saigon General Trading Corporation
- Other authorised exporters- Monitoring and proposing measures for
stabilizing  domestic food market and price;
- Authorised rice exporters.
2 Fertilizer 3102, 3104, 3105 - Agricultural Materials Corporation (VIGECAM))
- 34 other authorised importers- Production and trading of fertilizer,
supplying and reserving agricultural
materials;
- Authorised fertilizer importers.
3 Crude oil 27090010 Vietnam Oil & Gas Corporation (PETRO VIETNAM) - Exploration, exploitation of oil and gas,
processing oil & gas products, providing oil
& gas related services;
- Natural sole exporter of crude oil.
4 Petrol & gasoline 271011, 271012,
271012, 271020,
271030- Petroleum & Gasoline Corporation
(PETROLIMEX)
- PETECH- PETECHIM
- SAIGON PETRO
- VINAPCO (Airlines Petrol & Gasoline Company)- Authorised importers of gasoline and petrol
for supplying to local consumption;
- Exclusive right to re-export air gasoline.
5 Pharmaceutical
products2936, 2938, 2940,
2941, 2950, 3001,
3003, 3004, 3005,
3006, 1302, 0906,
1211, 3301- Vietnam Pharmacy Corporation (VINAPHARM)
- 31 other authorise importer/exporterProduction, distribution, import , export of
drugs and pharmaceutical materials.
6 Coal 270111 - Vietnam Coal Corporation (VINACOAL)
- PT Vietmindo Energitama- Direct control of coal mines; exploration,
mine building, exploitation and sale of coal;- Authorised exporters of coal.
7 Gemstone 710210, 710391 Vietnam Gemstone & Gold Corporati on (VIGEGO) Control of exploration, exploitation and
trading of gemstones.WT/ACC/VNM/14
Page 3No Products HS Name of enterprise Functions of enterprise
8 Aircraft spare parts
and aviation
equipments,
facilities880200, 880300,
401130, 847989,
840710, 8205,
340319, 350699,
320990, 381400,
8701, 8705, 8709,8713, 8716Airlines Import Export Corporation (AIRIMEX) - En suring the supply of aircraft, equipments,
facilities and materials used in aviation;
- Sole importer of aircraft and aviation
materials, spare parts.
9 Printing equipment 8440, 8442, 8443 Printing Materials & Equipments Import Export
Company (PRINTEXIM)- Import, export and trading of printing
equipments and materials;
- Authorised importer/exporter of printed
equipments.
10 Cinematographic
and Video
Materials8523, 9007 Cinematographic and Video Materials Company
(VINEMATIM)Authorised importer/exporter of
cinematographic equipments and materials.
11 Feature films 3706, 8524 Vietnam Films Import/Export and Distribution Company
(FAFILM VIETNAM)Sole importer and distributor of feature films
(including 35mm film, video, VCD).
12 Books, newspapers 4901, 4902, 4903 Books & Newspapers Import Export Company
(XUNHASABA)Sole importer and distributor of books and
newspapers.
13 Spirits 2204-2208 20 importers authorised by the Ministry of Trade Authorised importers of various kinds of
bottled wine, liqueurs and spirits.WT/ACC/VNM/14
Page 4
1. Southern Food Corporation
I. ENUMERATION OF STATE TRADING ENTERPRISES
A. IDENTIFICATION OF STATE TRADING ENTERPRISES
Name: Southern Food Corporation (VINAFOOD II)
Address: 42 Chu Manh Trinh, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
Tel: 84 8 8292342
Fax: 84 8 8292344
B. DESCRIPTION OF PRODUCTS AFFECTED (INCLUDING TARIFF ITEM NUMBER (S) ENCOMPASSED
IN PRODUCT DESCRIPTION )
Various kinds of rice (HS: 100600)
II. REASON AND PURPOSE
A. REASON OR PURPOSE FOR ESTABLISHING AND /OR MAINTAINING STATE TRADING ENTERPRISE
VINAFOOD II was established under Decision 311/TTg dated 24 May 1995 of the Prime
Minister in order to strengthen the state capability of food market control and stabilization aswell as domestic price stabilization. The corporation is the top rice exporters among those
assigned by the Government.
B. S
UMMARY OF LEGAL BASIS FOR GRANTING THE RELEVANT EXCLUSIVE OR SPECIAL RIGHTS OR
PRIVILEGES , INCLUDING LEGAL PROVISIONS AND SUMMARY OF STATUTORY OR
CONSTITUTIONAL POWERS
1. Decision No. 12/1998/QD-TTg dated 23 January 1998 of the Prime Minister on the
management plan of rice export and fertilizer import in 1998;
2. Circular No. 01/1998/TM/XNK dated 14 Fe bruary 1998 of the Ministry of Trade
guiding the implementation of the abov e-mentioned Decision No. 12/1998/QD-TTg.
III. DESCRIPTION OF THE FUNCTIONING OF THE STATE TRADING ENTERPRISE
A. SUMMARY STATEMENT PROVIDING OVERVIEW OF OPERATIONS OF THE STATE TRADING
ENTERPRISE
VINAFOOD II consists of 32 subsidiaries located from the central to southern provinces of
Vietnam.  Followings are main activities of the Corporation:
1. Trading, producing and processing agricultural products;
2. Import, export of food, agricultural products, foodstuffs and materials used in
agriculture and foodstuffs industry;
3. Import of fertilizer for agricultural production;
4. Building food storage;
5. Research and application of technical innovations in terms of processing and
maintaining agricultural foodstuffs.WT/ACC/VNM/14
Page 5
B. SPECIFICATION OF EXCLUSIVE OR SPECIAL RIGHTS OR PRIVILEGES ENJOYED BY THE STATE
TRADING ENTERPRISE
VINAFOOD II is allocated 1/5 of total annual rice export quota of the country.
C. TYPE OF ENTITIES OTHER THAN THE STATE TRADING ENTERPRISE  THAT ARE ALLOWED  TO
ENGAGE IN IMPORTATION /EXPORTATION AND CONDITIONS FOR PARTICIPATION
1. Northern Food Corporation
2. Gedosico Import-Export Company (under the Ministry of Trade)
3. Agricultural Materials Corporation
4. Grains Import-Export Company (Grainco)
5. Saigon General Trading Corporation
6. Can Tho Red Flag Farm, and
7. local authorised enterprises including private enterprises, who meet the capital and
market conditions set out in Item 1.3 of the Circular No. 01/1998/TM/XNK dated
14 February 1998 of the Ministry of Trade.
D. HOW IMPORT /EXPORT LEVELS  ARE ESTABLISHED BY THE STATE TRADING ENTERPRISE
Export level is based on the quota allocated annually and the export implementation of the
previous year.
E. HOW EXPORT PRICES ARE DETERMINED
Export price is determined based on purchase price and relating expenses including
packaging, storage, transportation, delivery expenses, bank interests and profit, taking into
account market price. Minimum export price of rice is stipulated by the Government.
F. HOW THE RESALE PRICES OF IMPORTED PRODUCTS ARE DETERMINED
Not applicable.
G. WHETHER LONG -TERM CONTRACTS ARE NEGOTIATED  BY THE STATE TRADING ENTERPRISE .
WHETHER THE STATE TRADING ENTERPRISE IS USED TO FULFIL CONTRACTUAL OBLIGATIONS
ENTERED INTO BY THE GOVERNMENT
The Corporation is entitled to sign long term contracts, however, such contract  has not been
signed so far.
The Corporation is used to fulfil the government's contractual obligations e.g. rice export
contracts to the Philippines, Malaysia, Indonesia, Iran.
H. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF MARKET STRUCTURE
The rice exported under government contracts is about 60 per cent of total export of the
Corporation, the rest is ex ported through private contr acts. In 1998, VINAFOOD II exported
37 per cent of total rice export to the Philippines, 14 per cent to Indonesia and 6.5 per cent to
Malaysia.
IV. STATISTICAL INFORMATION
See Table II & III.WT/ACC/VNM/14
Page 6
V. REASON WHY NO FOREIGN TRADE HAS TAKEN PLACE
VINAFOOD II does not import rice.
VI. ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
None.WT/ACC/VNM/14
Page 7TABLE II
VINAFOOD II
STATISTICAL INFORMAT ION, EXPORTS (1998)
Description of
products (including
HS number(s)Total quantity
exported
(million tonnes)Quantity exported by
state trading
enterprise
(million tonnes)Average procurement
price
(USD/tonne)Average
representative
domestic sales price
(USD/tonne)Average export price
(USD/tonne)National production
(million tonnes)
Rice (HS: 1006) 3.8 2.7 247 231.8 263.9 USD/tonne 16
TABLE III
VINAFOOD III
STATISTICAL INFORMATION, DOMESTIC ACTIV ITIES (1998)
Description of products
(including HS number(s)Domestic purchases by state
trading enterprise(million tonnes)National production
(million tonnes)Domestic sales by state
trading enterprise(million tonnes)National consumption
(million tonnes)
Rice (HS: 1006) 3.15 16 0.8 11WT/ACC/VNM/14
Page 8
2. Agricultural Materials Corporation
I. ENUMERATION OF STATE TRADING ENTERPRISES
A. IDENTIFICATION OF STATE TRADING ENTERPRISES
Name: Agricultural Materials Corporation (VIGECAM)
Address: 16 Ngo Tat To Str., Hanoi, Vietnam
Tel: 84 4 8237247
Fax: 84 4 8254647
B. DESCRIPTION OF PRODUCTS AFFECTED (INCLUDING TARIFF ITEM NUMBER (S) ENCOMPASSED
IN PRODUCT DESCRIPTION )
1. UREA (HS: 3102)
2. DAP (HS: 3105)
3. KALI (HS: 3104)
4. SA (HS: 3102)
5. NPK (HS: 3105)
II. REASON AND PURPOSE
A. REASON OR PURPOSE FOR ESTABLISHING AND /OR MAINTAINING STATE TRADING ENTERPRISE
VIGECAM was established by the Decision No. 412 NN-TCCB/QD dated
30 December 1995 of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development in order toimplement the following functions:
1. Taking part in establishment of master plan of  development of  agricultural materials
supply and reserve network;
2. Trading in fertilizer, food and various kinds of agricultural products;
3. Import, production and sale of various kinds of fertilizer;
4. Production of fertilizer packaging;
5. Export of food and agricultural products;
6. Transportation and delivery of agricultural materials and products;
7. Enter to joint ventures with local/foreign partners for expanding market.
B. S
UMMARY OF LEGAL BASIS FOR GRANTING THE RELEVANT EXCLUSIVE OR SPECIAL RIGHTS OR
PRIVILEGES , INCLUDING LEGAL PROVISIONS AND SUMMARY OF STATUTORY OR
CONSTITUTIONAL POWERS
1. Decision No. 12/1998/QD-TTg dated 23 January 1998 of the Prime Minister on the
management plan of rice export and fertilizer import in 1998;
2. Circular No. 01/1998/TM/XNK dated 14 Fe bruary 1998 of the Ministry of Trade
guiding the implementation of the abov e-mentioned Decision No. 12/1998/QD-TTg.
III. DESCRIPTION OF THE FUNCTIONING OF THE STATE TRADING ENTERPRISE
A. SUMMARY STATEMENT PROVIDING OVERVIEW OF OPERATIONS OF THE STATE TRADING
ENTERPRISE
VIGECAM, a main fertilizer supplier for agricultural production in whole country (20 per
cent - 30 per cent annual requirement), has 3 branches in Hai phong, Da nang and Ho ChiWT/ACC/VNM/14
Page 9
Minh city, 6 subsidiaries supplying fertilizer in whole country with 100 retailers and
distributors in 28 cities and provinces.
B. SPECIFICATION OF EXCLUSIVE OR SPECIAL RIGHTS OR PRIVILEGES ENJOYED BY THE STATE
TRADING ENTERPRISE
The Corporation is one of authorised importer of fertilizer which is allocated the fertilizer
import quota annually. The Corporation is allowed to import fertilizer by financial aid.
C. TYPE OF ENTITIES OTHER THAN THE STATE TRADING ENTERPRISE  THAT ARE ALLOWED  TO
ENGAGE IN IMPORTATION /EXPORTATION AND CONDITIONS FOR PARTICIPATION
There are 35 enterprises authorised to import fertilizer including private enterprises, who meet
the conditions of capital, supply network, etc. set out in Item 2.4 of Circular No. 01/1998
TM/XNK dated 14 February 1998 of the Ministry of Trade.
D. HOW IMPORT LEVELS  ARE ESTABLISHED BY THE STATE TRADING ENTERPRISE
Based on the quota allocated annually.
E. HOW EXPORT PRICES ARE DETERMINED
-
F. HOW THE RESALE PRICES OF IMPORTED PRODUCTS ARE DETERMINED
The ceiling retail price of Urea is stipulated by the Government Pricing Committee.
G. WHETHER LONG -TERM CONTRACTS ARE NEGOTIATED  BY THE STATE TRADING ENTERPRISE .
WHETHER THE STATE TRADING ENTERPRISE IS USED TO FULFIL CONTRACTUAL OBLIGATIONS
ENTERED INTO BY THE GOVERNMENT
The Corporation is entitled to negotiate long term contracts.
H. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF MARKET STRUCTURE
At present, local production of fertilizer only meets a small part of the country's demand, the
rest of demand is met by import. Imported fertilizer is distributed through 100 retailers in the
country.
IV. STATISTICAL INFORMATION
See Table I.
V. REASON WHY NO FOREIGN TRADE HAS TAKEN PLACE
The Corporation does not export fertilizer .
VI. ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
None.WT/ACC/VNM/14
Page 10TABLE I
VIGECAM
STATISTICAL INFORMATION, IMPORTS
Description of
products (including
HS number(s)Total quantity
imported (tonne)Quantity imported
by state trading
enterprise (tonne)Average import
price  (USD/tonne)Average
representative
domestic sales price
(VND/tonne)Mark-up National production
1997
Urea (3102)
NPK (3105)
SA    (3102)
Kali  (3104)
DAP (3105) 1,448,000
    319,000
    128,000
    295,811
    267,654      431,150
        98,500
        41,700
        61,100
        21,650      164.55
      191.62
      101.66
      132.26
      240.40179.5
200.9
111.1
141.0
252.1
1998
Urea (3102)
NPK (3105)
SA    (3102)
Kali  (3104)
DAP (3105) 1,949,793
    461,145
    343,145    335,611
    364,256      436,096
      110,756
        48,248        79,040
      108,495      124.40
      169.49
        60.36      131.19
      226.40149.6
209.4
  85.5153.8
265.0WT/ACC/VNM/14
Page 11
3. Vietnam Oil & Gas Corporation
I. ENUMERATION OF STATE TRADING ENTERPRISES
A. IDENTIFICATION OF STATE TRADING ENTERPRISES
Vietnam Oil & Gas Corporation (PETROVIETNAM)
Address: 22 Ngo Qu yen, Hanoi, Vietnam
Tel: 84 4 8252526
Fax: 84 4 8265942
B. DESCRIPTION OF PRODUCTS AFFECTED (INCLUDING TARIFF ITEM NUMBER (S)
ENCOMPASSED IN PRODUCT DESCRIPTION )
Crude oil (HS 27090010)
II. REASON AND PURPOSE
A. REASON OR PURPOSE FOR ESTABLISHING AND /OR MAINTAINING STATE TRADING
ENTERPRISE
PETROVIETNAM was established under the Decree No.37/CP dated 29 May 1995
on the organisation of PETROVIETNAM with the aim at doing researches,
exploration, exploitation, processing, stock, transportation of oil and gas and
providing oil & gas related services, exportation and importation of petroleummaterials, equipment, crude oil, petroleum products, distribution of petroleum
products, carrying out other trading activities permitted by the law and performing
other tasks assigned by the State.
B. S
UMMARY OF LEGAL BASIS FOR GRANTING THE RELEVANT EXCLUSIVE OR SPECIAL
RIGHTS OR PRIVILEGES , INCLUDING LEGAL PROVISIONS AND SUMMARY OF
STATUTORY OR CONSTITUTIONAL POWERS
1. Law on Petroleum ratified by Vietnamese National Assembly on 7 July 1993;
2. Decree No. 84/CP dated 17 December 1996 of the Government on detailed
stipulation of implementation of Petroleum Law;
3. Decrees No. 37/CP dated 29 May 1995 on the organisation of
PETROVIETNAM and Decree No. 38/CP dated 30 May 1995 on theapproval of the Charter of organisation and operation of PETROVIETNAM.
III. DESCRIPTION OF THE FUNCTIONING OF THE STATE TRADING
ENTERPRISE
A. S
UMMARY STATEMENT PROVIDING OVERVIEW OF OPERATIONS OF THE STATE
TRADING ENTERPRISE
PETROVIETNAM is granted exclusive right to explore and exploit oil and gas over
the whole territory, territorial waters, economic special privilege zones, continental
shelf and offshore islands under the sovereignty of the Socialist Republic of Vietnamand is eligible for operating petroleum-relating activities overseas upon the approval
of the Government. Any activities of oil & gas exploration, exploitation by other
organisations and individuals in Vietnam is only able to be carried out by signing
contracts with PETROVIETNAM.WT/ACC/VNM/14
Page 12
B. SPECIFICATION OF EXCLUSIVE OR SPECIAL RIGHTS OR PRIVILEGES ENJOYED BY THE
STATE TRADING ENTERPRISE
PETROVIETNAM is the exclusive exporter of crude oil of Vietnam.
C. TYPE OF ENTITIES OTHER THAN THE STATE TRADING ENTERPRISE  THAT ARE
ALLOWED  TO ENGAGE IN IMPORTATION /EXPORTATION AND CONDITIONS FOR
PARTICIPATION
None.
D. HOW EXPORT LEVELS  ARE ESTABLISHED BY THE STATE TRADING ENTERPRISE
Export levels are determined by the crude oil exploitation plans of oil wells.
E. HOW EXPORT PRICES ARE DETERMINED
Export price is determined case by case taking into account  market price. Minimum
export price is stipulated by the Government. There are two kinds of contract:
- Long-term contract, which will be reviewed after every 6 months;
- Spot contract.
F. HOW THE RESALE PRICES OF IMPORTED PRODUCTS ARE DETERMINED
Not applicable.
G. WHETHER LONG -TERM CONTRACTS ARE NEGOTIATED  BY THE STATE TRADING
ENTERPRISE . W HETHER THE STATE TRADING ENTERPRISE IS USED TO FULFILL
CONTRACTUAL OBLIGATIONS ENTERED INTO BY THE GOVERNMENT
Yes, but so far the Vietnamese Government has not used PETROVIETNAM to fulfill
the Government's contractual obligations yet.
H. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF MARKET STRUCTURE
The export market is allocated as follows:
Japan: 55 per cent
Singapore: 15 per centUS: 15 per cent
Australia: 10 per cent
China:   5 per cent
IV. STATISTICAL INFORMATION
Vietnam's crude oil export over 3 recent years:
1996:   8.4 million tons
1997:   9.8 million tons1998: 12.3 million tonsWT/ACC/VNM/14
Page 13
V. REASON WHY NO FOREIGN TRADE HAS TAKEN PLACE
There is no crude oil importation
VI. ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
None.WT/ACC/VNM/14
Page 14
4. Petroleum and Gasoline Corporation
I. ENUMERATION OF STATE TRADING ENTERPRISES
A. IDENTIFICATION OF STATE TRADING ENTERPRISES
Petroleum and Gasoline Corporation (PETROLIMEX)
Address: 1 Kham Thien, Hanoi, Vietnam
Tel: 84 4 8512603/512898
Fax: 84 4 8519203
Telex: 411241
B. DESCRIPTION OF PRODUCTS AFFECTED (INCLUDING TARIFF ITEM NUMBER (S)
ENCOMPASSED IN PRODUCT DESCRIPTION )
Mogas 83 and Mogas 92 (HS: 271011, 271019, 271012)
Diesel (HS: 271020)
Kerosine (HS: 271050)
ZA1 (HS: 271040)Mazut (HS: 271030)
II. REASON AND PURPOSE
A. R
EASON OR PURPOSE FOR ESTABLISHING AND /OR MAINTAINING STATE TRADING
ENTERPRISE
PETROLIMEX is established under the Decision 224/TTg of the Prime Minister to
ensure the supply of fuel  for national production and consumption.
B. SUMMARY OF LEGAL BASIS FOR GRANTING THE RELEVANT EXCLUSIVE OR SPECIAL
RIGHTS OR PRIVILEGES , INCLUDING LEGAL PROVISIONS AND SUMMARY OF
STATUTORY OR CONSTITUTIONAL POWERS
Decision No. 11/QD-TTg  dated 23 January 1998 of the Prime Minister on the
administration of export and import  in 1998.
III. DESCRIPTION OF THE FUNCTIONING OF THE STATE TRADING
ENTERPRISE
A. SUMMARY STATEMENT PROVIDING OVERVIEW OF OPERATIONS OF THE STATE
TRADING ENTERPRISE
PETROLIMEX's function is to import petrol and gasoline for domestic consumption,
supply to foreign liners operating offshore of Vietnam, industrial zones, exportprocessing zones in Vietnam and for re-export.
B. S
PECIFICATION OF EXCLUSIVE OR SPECIAL RIGHTS OR PRIVILEGES ENJOYED BY THE
STATE TRADING ENTERPRISE
PETROLIMEX is one of five authorized importers of petrol and gasoline. The
Corporation is allocated 60 per cent of annual import quota of petrol and gasoline.WT/ACC/VNM/14
Page 15
C. TYPE OF ENTITIES OTHER THAN THE STATE TRADING ENTERPRISE  THAT ARE
ALLOWED  TO ENGAGE IN IMPORTATION /EXPORTATION AND CONDITIONS FOR
PARTICIPATION
1. Petec
2. Petechim
3. Saigon Petro
4. Vinapco (The Aviation Petrol and Gasoline Company which is the exclusive
re-exporter of aircraft gasoline)
D. HOW IMPORT /EXPORT LEVELS ARE ESTABLISHED BY THE STATE TRADING ENTERPRISE
Import level is established based on the following criteria:
1. The overall demand of the domestic market taking into account the previous
year's demand;
2. Annually allocated import quota;
3. Commercial considerations.
E. HOW EXPORT PRICES ARE DETERMINED
1. Based on import price to determine the re-exporting price
2. Based on actual trading cost
3. Based on price and cost of other suppliers
F. HOW THE RESALE PRICES OF IMPORTED PRODUCTS ARE DETERMINED
The ceiling price is determined by the Government.
G. WHETHER LONG -TERM CONTRACTS ARE NEGOTIATED  BY THE STATE TRADING
ENTERPRISE . W HETHER THE STATE TRADING ENTERPRISE IS USED TO FULFILL
CONTRACTUAL OBLIGATIONS ENTERED INTO BY THE GOVERNMENT
Yes.
H. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF MARKET STRUCTURE
The Corporation covers around 60 per cent market share in Vietnam.
IV. STATISTICAL INFORMATION
See attached Table
V. REASON WHY NO FOREIGN TRADE HAS TAKEN PLACE
-
VI. ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
None.WT/ACC/VNM/14
Page 16TABLE I
PETROLEUM AND GASOLINE CORPORATION
STATISTICAL INFORMATION, IMPORTS (1997)
Description of
products (including
HS 96)Total quantity
importedQuantity imported
by state trading
enterprise
(thousand m3)Average import
price (USD/m3)Average
representative
domestic sales price
(USD/m3)Mark-up
(USD/m3)National production
Car gasoline
(HS 2710 1100,
2710 1900, 2710
1200)    869.2 145.90 328.9 283.0
Diesel (2710 2000) 1,781.4 154.75 277.8 123.0
ZA1 (271040)    139.6 163.19 292.2 129.1
Gasoline oil
(2709 0090)     63.0 168.62 292.2 123.6
Fuel oil (Mazut)
(2710 3000)   758.2 112.12 145.0 32.9
Note: - The average exchange rate is 11,700 VND/USD in 1997
- The mark-up includes import duty, special consumption tax and surchargeWT/ACC/VNM/14
Page 17
5. Vietnam Pharmacy Corporation
I. ENUMERATION OF STATE TRADING ENTERPRISES
A. IDENTIFICATION OF STATE TRADING ENTERPRISES
Vietnam Pharmacy Corporation (VINAPHARM)
Address: 138B Giang Vo, Hanoi, VietnamTel: 84 4 8443665/8443515
Fax: 84 4 8443665
B. D
ESCRIPTION OF PRODUCTS AFFECTED (INCLUDING TARIFF ITEM NUMBER (S) ENCOMPASSED
IN PRODUCT DESCRIPTION )
1. Provitamins, vitamins and hormones
Provitamins and vitamins, natural or reproduced by synthesis (including natural concentrates),
derivatives thereof used primarily as vitamins, and intermixtures of the foregoing, whether
or not in any solvent (HS 2936);
2. Glycosides and vegetable alkaloids, natural or reproduced by synthesis, and their salts,
ethers, esters and other derivatives
Glycosides, natural or reproduced by synthesis, and their salts, ethers, esters and other
derivatives (2938);
3. Other organic compounds  (2940)
Antibiotics  (2941, 2950)
1. Glands and other organs for organo-therapeutic uses, dried, whether or not powdered;
extracts of glands or other organs or of their secretions for organo-therapeutic uses;
heparin and its salts; other human or animal substances prepared for therapeutic or
prophylactic uses, not elsewhere specified or included (3001);
2. Medicaments (excluding goods of heading No.30.02, 30.05 or 30.06) consisting of
two or more constituents which have been mixed together for therapeutic or
prophylactic uses, not put up in measured doses or in forms or packing for retail sale
(3003);
3. Medicaments (excluding goods of heading No. 30.02, 30.05 or 30.06) consisting of
mixed or unmixed products for therapeutic or prophylactic uses, put up in measured
doses or in forms or packing for retail sale (3004);
4. Wadding, gauze, bandages and similar articles (for example, dressings, adhesive
plasters, poultices), impregnated or coated with pharmaceutical substances or put upin forms or packing for retail sale for medical, surgical, dental or veterinary purposes
(3005);
5. Pharmaceutical goods specified in Note 4 to this Chapter  (3006);WT/ACC/VNM/14
Page 18
6. Vegetable saps and extracts; pectic substances, pectinates and pectates; agar-
agar and other mucilages and thickeners, whether or not modified, derived from
vegetable products (1302);
7. Cinnamon and cinnamon-tree flowers (0906);
8. Plants and parts of plants (including seeds and fruits), of a kind used primarily in
perfumery, in pharmacy or for insecticidal, fungicidal or of similar purposes, fresh or
dried, whether or not cut, crushed or powdered (1211);
9. Essential oils (terpeneless or not), including concrete and absolutes; resinoids;
extracted oleoresins; concentrates of essential oils in fats, in fixed oils, in waxes or
the like, obtained by enfleurage or maceration; terpenic by-products of thedeterpenation of essential oils; aqueous distillates and aqueous solutions of essential
oils (3301);
II. REASON AND PURPOSE
A. R
EASON OR PURPOSE FOR ESTABLISHING AND /OR MAINTAINING STATE TRADING ENTERPRISE
The Corporation was established with the aim at trading and organising the distribution
network of pharmaceutical products.
B. SUMMARY OF LEGAL BASIS FOR GRANTING THE RELEVANT EXCLUSIVE OR SPECIAL RIGHTS OR
PRIVILEGES , INCLUDING LEGAL PROVISIONS AND SUMMARY OF STATUTORY OR
CONSTITUTIONAL POWERS
Import licence issued by the Ministry of Trade.
III. DESCRIPTION OF THE FUNCTIONING OF THE STATE TRADING ENTERPRISE
A. SUMMARY STATEMENT PROVIDING OVERVIEW OF OPERATIONS OF THE STATE TRADING
ENTERPRISE
Vietnam Pharmacy Corporation has the following functions: research, production, circulation,
export and import of medicine and materials used for producing medicine, pharmaceutical
products, ethereal oil, chemical products, me dical package, medical equipment, cosmetics,
organisation of fairs and exhibitions, transportation and storage.
Vietnam Pharmacy Corporation is assigned the task of national reservation of medicine and
drug.
B. SPECIFICATION OF EXCLUSIVE OR SPECIAL RIGHTS OR PRIVILEGES ENJOYED BY THE STATE
TRADING ENTERPRISE
Vietnam Pharmacy Corporation is composed of 7 members empowered to be the leading
agencies of pharmaceutical product export and import of the total 32 leading pharmaceutical
product export and import agencies across the whole country. The Corporation is Vietnam's
exclusive importer of addictive drugs.WT/ACC/VNM/14
Page 19
C. TYPE OF ENTITIES OTHER THAN THE STATE TRADING ENTERPRISE  THAT ARE ALLOWED  TO
ENGAGE IN IMPORTATION /EXPORTATION AND CONDITIONS FOR PARTICIPATION
31 exporting-importing corporations which are assigned under the responsibility of provinces
authority.
D. HOW IMPORT /EXPORT LEVELS  ARE ESTABLISHED BY THE STATE TRADING ENTERPRISE
1. Import volume is determined on the basis of market demand and of sale value within
the previous 5 years;
2. Export volume is determined on the basis of overseas market's demand and of the
domestic production capability.
E. HOW EXPORT PRICES ARE DETERMINED
Export price is determined according to the market price.
F. HOW THE RESALE PRICES OF IMPORTED PRODUCTS ARE DETERMINED
Based on commercial criteria.
G. WHETHER LONG -TERM CONTRACTS ARE NEGOTIATED  BY THE STATE TRADING ENTERPRISE .
WHETHER THE STATE TRADING ENTERPRISE IS USED TO FULFILL CONTRACTUAL OBLIGATIONS
ENTERED INTO BY THE GOVERNMENT
Vietnam Pharmacy Corporation is assigned by the Ministry of Health to be the contractor to
supply medicine, pharmaceutical materials, chemi cal products used for drug production to the
National Drug Reservation Programme, provide the National healthcare assistance and anti-
malaria Programmes with medicine and chemical products.
The Corporation is also assigned the task of repayment of some Government's debts by
commodities (if any).
H. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF MARKET STRUCTURE
Vietnam Pharmacy Corporation covers 40 per cent market share of pharmaceutical products
over the whole country and 80 per cent of Vietnam's export volume.
IV. STATISTICAL INFORMATION
See attached Table.
V. REASON WHY NO FOREIGN TRADE HAS TAKEN PLACE
-
VI. ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
NoneWT/ACC/VNM/14
Page 20TABLE I
VIETNAM PHARMACY CORPORATION (VINAPHARM)
STATISTICAL INFORMATION, IMPORTS
Descriptionof products
(including HS 96)Total quantity
importedQuantity imported by
state trading
enterprise
(million USD)Average import
priceAverage
representative
domestic sales
priceMark-up National production
2936, 2938, 2940, 3001,
3003, 3004, 3005118.4
2941, 2950 28.6
0906, 1211 5.0
9018, 8705 9.3
TABLE II
VIETNAM PHARMACY CORPORATION (VINAPHARM)
STATISTICAL INFORMATION, EXPORTS
Description of products
(including HS 96)Total quantity
exportedQuantity exported
by state trading
enterprise
(million USD)Average
procurement priceAverage representative
domestic sales priceAverage export
priceNational production
3301, 1211, 0906 5.6
1302 1.8
3303, 3304 4.0WT/ACC/VNM/14
Page 21TABLE III
VIETNAM PHARMACY CORPORATION (VINAPHARM)
STATISTICAL INFORMATION, DOMESTIC ACTIVITIES
Description of products
(including HS 96)Domestic purchases by state
trading enterpriseNational production Domestic sales by state trading
enterpriseNational consumption
2936, 2938, 2940, 2950, 3001,
3003, 3004, 3005, 0906, 1302,
1211, 33012,365.8 billion VND 664.5 billion VND 2,800 billion VND 450 million VNDWT/ACC/VNM/14
Page 22
6. Vietnam Coal Corporation
I. ENUMERATION OF STATE TRADING ENTERPRISE
A. IDENTIFICATION OF STATE TRADING ENTERPRISES
Name:  Vietnam Coal Corporation (VINACOAL)
Address:  108 Le Duan Str., Hanoi, Vietnam
Tel:  84 4 851780
Fax: 84 4 8510724
B. DESCRIPTION OF PRODUCTS AFFECTED (INCLUDING TARIFF ITEM NUMBER (S) ENCOMPASSED
IN PRODUCT DESCRIPTION )
1. Coal (HS 2701 1100)
2. Industrial explosives (HS 3601, 3602, 3603)
II. REASON AND PURPOSE
A. REASON OR PURPOSE FOR ESTABLISHING AND /OR MAINTAINING STATE TRADING ENTERPRISE
VINACOAL was established under the Decision 563/TTg dated 10 October 1994 of the
Prime Minister with the aim at implementing state management of coal resources and other
activities of exploration, exploitation, processing and consumption of coal to sufficiently and
steadily supply coal fuel and material to the national economic industries as well as for
exportation.
B. SUMMARY OF LEGAL BASIS FOR GRANTING THE RELEVANT EXCLUSIVE OR SPECIAL RIGHTS OR
PRIVILEGES , INCLUDING LEGAL PROVISIONS AND SUMMARY OF STATUTORY OR
CONSTITUTIONAL POWERS
1. Law on Mineral Resources ratified by the National Assembly on 20 March 1996;
2. Decree No. 27/CP dated  6 May 1996 of the Government on the approval of the
Charter of organisation and operation of VINACOAL;
3. Decision No. 381/TTg dated 27 July 1994 of the Prime Minister on the re-
organisation and restructure of coal exploitation and trade;
4. Instruction No.382/TTg dated 28 July 1994 of the Prime Minister on developing of
coal industry and restructure of coal exploitation and trade;
5. Instruction No. 417/TTg dated 17 July 1995 of the Prime Minister on continuing the
re-organisation, reinforcement of management, restructure and promoting productionin coal exploitation and trade.
III. DESCRIPTION OF THE FUNCTIONING OF THE STATE TRADING ENTERPRISE
A. S
UMMARY STATEMENT PROVIDING OVERVIEW OF OPERATIONS OF THE STATE TRADING
ENTERPRISE
VINACOAL currently consists of 53 member enterprises which carry out the following
activities:
1. Exploration, designing, building of coal mines, exploitation of open-cast and
underground coal mines, transportation, refining and sale of coal;
2. Doing research on natural conditions and mining technology;
3. Training of management personnel and miners;WT/ACC/VNM/14
Page 23
4. Production and trading of industrial explosives;
5. Trading of mine-relating equipment and material;
6. Supply of industrial and civil construction and installation services, transportation,
designing consultation services.
B. SPECIFICATION OF EXCLUSIVE OR SPECIAL RIGHTS OR PRIVILEGES ENJOYED BY THE STATE
TRADING ENTERPRISE
1. VINACOAL is one of two enterprises authorised to engage in trading of industrial
explosives;
2. VINACOAL  is authorised by the State to directly control coal mines; its functions
include exploration, exploitation, processing and trading in coal; other enterprises
desiring to export coal must obtain prior VINACOAL's approval.
C. TYPE OF ENTITIES OTHER THAN THE STATE TRADING ENTERPRISE  THAT ARE ALLOWED  TO
ENGAGE IN IMPORTATION /EXPORTATION AND CONDITIONS FOR PARTICIPATION
1. Another company under the Ministry of  Defens e is also allowed to engage in trading
of industrial explosives;
2. PT Vietmindo Energitama Company, an Indonesian company which has signed a
Business Cooperation Contract with Uong  Bi Coal Company of VINACOAL is also
allowed to exploit and export coal in Dong Vong, Quang Ninh province.
D. HOW IMPORT /EXPORT LEVELS  ARE ESTABLISHED BY THE STATE TRADING ENTERPRISE
Export level is based on the market demand, price and domestic consumption and output.
E. HOW EXPORT PRICES ARE DETERMINED
Export price is determined according to commercial criteria.
F. HOW THE RESALE PRICES OF IMPORTED PRODUCTS ARE DETERMINED
According to commercial criteria.
G. WHETHER LONG -TERM CONTRACTS ARE NEGOTIATED  BY THE STATE TRADING ENTERPRISE .
WHETHER THE STATE TRADING ENTERPRISE IS USED TO FULFIL CONTRACTUAL OBLIGATIONS
ENTERED INTO BY THE GOVERNMENT
The Corporation has negotiated long-term coal exporting contracts.
H. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF MARKET STRUCTURE
Export market: Japan is the largest export mark et, then EU, Bungari, Russia, China, Taiwan,
ASEAN, Republic of Korea, South Af rica, US, Brazil, Cuba, Venezuela.
IV. STATISTICAL INFORMATION
See attached Table.WT/ACC/VNM/14
Page 24
V. REASON WHY NO FOREIGN TRADE HAS TAKEN PLACE
VINACOAL does not import coal.
VI. ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
NoneWT/ACC/VNM/14
Page 25STATE TRADING
VIETNAM COAL CORPORATION (VINACOAL)
STATISTICAL INFORMATION, EXPORTS
Year Description of products
(including HS 96)Total quantity
exportedQuantity exported by
state trading
enterprise (million
tonnes)Average
procurement
priceAverage representative
domestic sales priceAverage export
price
(USD/tonne)National
production
1996 Coal (HS 2701 1100) 3.6 31.1
1997 Coal (HS 2701 1100) 3.5 31.4
1998 Coal (HS 2701 1100) 2.9 31.8WT/ACC/VNM/14
Page 26
7. Vietnam Gemstone and Gold Corporation
I. ENUMERATION OF STATE TRADING ENTERPRISES
A. IDENTIFICATION OF STATE TRADING ENTERPRISES
Vietnam Gemstone and Gold Corporation (VIGEGO)
Address: 91 DinhTien Hoang, Hanoi, Vietnam
Tel: 84 4 8251285/8265286
Fax: 84 4 8266785
B. DESCRIPTION OF PRODUCTS AFFECTED (INCLUDING TARIFF ITEM NUMBER (S) ENCOMPASSED
IN PRODUCT DESCRIPTION )
Gemstones: diamond, ruby, sapphire, emerald (HS: 71021000, 71039100)
II. REASON AND PURPOSE
A. REASON OR PURPOSE FOR ESTABLISHING AND /OR MAINTAINING STATE TRADING ENTERPRISE
VIGEGO was established under the Decision 633/TTg dated 4 October 1995 of the Prime
Minister with the aim at management of expl oration, exploitation and trade in precious gems
and gold. The Corporation is a fundament for development of precious gems industry.
B. SUMMARY OF LEGAL BASIS FOR GRANTING THE RELEVANT EXCLUSIVE OR SPECIAL RIGHTS OR
PRIVILEGES , INCLUDING LEGAL PROVISIONS AND SUMMARY OF STATUTORY OR
CONSTITUTIONAL POWERS
1. Decree No.65/CP dated 13 October 1995 of the Government promulgating the
regulation on management of activities concerning precious stones;
2. Decree No.11/CP dated 27 February 1996 on promulgation of the Charter of
organisation and operation of VIGEGO;
3. Notice No. 63/TB dated 6 August 1998 of Deputy Prime Minister Tran Duc Luong on
the master plan of  gold mining;
4. Circular No.131/TCHQ-GSQL dated 24 J une 1997 of the General Department of
Customs on the guidelines to implement the Decree No.65/CP dated 13 October 1995
of the Government;
5. Circular No.03/TM-CSTTTN dated 11 March 1997 of Ministry of Trade on the
guidelines to implement the Government's stipulations on gemstone trading,
exporting and importing and processing.
III. DESCRIPTION OF THE FUNCTIONING OF THE STATE TRADING ENTERPRISE
A. SUMMARY STATEMENT PROVIDING OVERVIEW OF OPERATIONS OF THE STATE TRADING
ENTERPRISE
VIGEGO was established on 4 October 1995 and since then has unitedly managed the
exploration, exploitation, processing and management of the domestic market of gold,
gemstone.WT/ACC/VNM/14
Page 27
B. SPECIFICATION OF EXCLUSIVE OR SPECIAL RIGHTS OR PRIVILEGES ENJOYED BY THE STATE
TRADING ENTERPRISE
VIGEGO is empowered by the State to control the exploitation and export of the gemstone
mentioned in Part I.B.
C. TYPE OF ENTITIES OTHER THAN THE STATE TRADING ENTERPRISE  THAT ARE ALLOWED  TO
ENGAGE IN IMPORTATION /EXPORTATION AND CONDITIONS FOR PARTICIPATION
Any other enterprise which meets the following requirements as provided in the Circular
No.03/TM-CSTTTN dated 11 March 1997 of Ministry of Trade :
1. Having the permit of gemstone exploitation issued by Ministry of Industry or having
a foreign investment licence relating to gemstone issued by Ministry of Planning and
Investment or having a certificate of gemstone business registration;
2. Legal capital must be at least of  5 bi llion VND or 500,000 USD will be allowed to
export and import gemstone.
However, any exploited gemstone worth of  or above 100 million VND/per stone after
being priced must be sealed and kept at VIGEGO for being sold by auction. Theappraisal and examination, estimation shall be implemented by VIGEGO.
D. H
OW IMPORT /EXPORT LEVELS  ARE ESTABLISHED BY THE STATE TRADING ENTERPRISE
Based on commercial criteria.
E. HOW EXPORT PRICES ARE DETERMINED
Export price is determined by appraisal value.
F. HOW THE RESALE PRICES OF IMPORTED PRODUCTS ARE DETERMINED
Based on commercial criteria.
G. WHETHER LONG -TERM CONTRACTS ARE NEGOTIATED  BY THE STATE TRADING ENTERPRISE .
WHETHER THE STATE TRADING ENTERPRISE IS USED TO FULFIL CONTRACTUAL OBLIGATIONS
ENTERED INTO BY THE GOVERNMENT
Yes, but so far the Government has not used  the Corporation to fulfill the Government's
contractual obligations.
H. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF MARKET STRUCTURE
Export market: Japan, Thailand, Australia, France, Belgium, Sri Lanka.
IV. STATISTICAL INFORMATION
See attached Table.WT/ACC/VNM/14
Page 28
V. REASON WHY NO FOREIGN TRADE HAS TAKEN PLACE
-
VI. ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
None.WT/ACC/VNM/14
Page 29TABLE I
VIETNAM GEMSTONE AND GOLD CORPORATION (VIGEGO)
STATISTICAL INFORMATION, IMPORTS
Year Description of products
(including HS number(s)Total
quantity
importedQuantity imported by state
trading enterprise
(million USD)Average
import priceAverage
representative
domestic sales priceMark-up National
production
1998 Gemstones
(HS 7102 1000, 7103 9100)  0.45
TABLE II
VIETNAM GEMSTONE AND GOLD CORPORATION (VIGEGO)
STATISTICAL INFORMATION, EXPORTS
Year Description of products (including
HS 96)Total
quantity
exportedQuantity exported by state
trading enterprise
(million VND)Average
procurement
priceAverage representative
domestic sales priceAverage
export priceNational
production
1996 Unprocessed precious gems
Processed precious gems1,006.4
   146.6
1997 Unprocessed precious gems
Processed precious gems6,173.1
   532.3
1998 Precious gems 7,134.6WT/ACC/VNM/14
Page 30 TABLE III
VIETNAM  GEMSTONES AND GOLD CORPORATION (VIGEGO)
STATISTICAL INFORMATION, DOMESTIC ACTIVITIES
Year Description of products
(including HS number(s)Domestic purchases by
state trading enterpriseNational production Domestic sales by state
trading enterprise
(million VND)National consumption
1996 Precious gems
(HS 7102 1000, 7103 9100)4,573.6
1997 Precious gems
(HS 7102 1000, 7103 9100)3,973.0WT/ACC/VNM/14
Page 31
8. Airlines Import Export Corporation
I. ENUMERATION OF STATE TRADING ENTERPRISES
A. IDENTIFICATION OF STATE TRADING ENTERPRISES
Name: Airlines Import-Export Company (AIRIMEX)
Address: 100 Nguyen Van Cu, Gialam, Hanoi, Vietnam
Tel: 84 4 8271351/8271939
Fax: 84 4 8271925
B. DESCRIPTION OF PRODUCTS AFFECTED (INCLUDING TARIFF ITEM NUMBER (S) ENCOMPASSED
IN PRODUCT DESCRIPTION )
1. Aircraft (for examples, helicopters, aeroplanes); spacecraft (including
2. satellites) and suborbital and spacecraft launch vehicles (HS code: 880200)
3. Parts of aeroplanes or helicopters (880300)
4. New pneumatic tyres, of rubber of a kind used on aircraft (401130)
5. Machines, mechanical appliances for the use of repairing and maintenance of aircraft
(84798900)
6. Hand tools (including glaziers’ diamonds), not elsewhere specified or included; blow
lamps; vices, clamps and the like, other than accessories for and parts of, machine
tools, anvils; portable forges; hand or pedal-operated grinding wheels with
frameworks for the use of repairing and maintenance of aircraft and plane engine
(8205)
7. Aircraft engines  (840710)
8. Lubricants for plane engines (340319)
9. Glues and adhesives for aviation use (350699)
10. Paints for aviation use (32099090)
11. Organic composite solvents and thinners, not elsewhere specified or included;
prepared paint or varnish removers for aviation use (381400)
12. Airport specialized motor vehicles, tractors (8701, 8705, 8709, 8713)
13. Trailers and semi-trailers; other vehicles, not mechanically propelled; parts thereof
(8716)
II. REASON AND PURPOSE
A. REASON OR PURPOSE FOR ESTABLISHING AND /OR MAINTAINING STATE TRADING ENTERPRISE
AIRIMEX was established under the Decision No.197/TCHK dated 21 March 1989 of
Vietnam Civil Aviation General Department and was re-established under the DecisionWT/ACC/VNM/14
Page 32
No.1173/QD/TCCB-LD dated 30 July 1994 of Ministry of Transportation for supplying
airplanes, facilities, equipment, materials, spare-parts to other enterprises of aviation industry.
B. SUMMARY OF LEGAL BASIS FOR GRANTING THE RELEVANT EXCLUSIVE OR SPECIAL RIGHTS OR
PRIVILEGES , INCLUDING LEGAL PROVISIONS AND SUMMARY OF STATUTORY OR
CONSTITUTIONAL POWERS
Business Registration Certificate No. 100162 dated 27 September 1994 granted by the State
Planning Committee.
III. DESCRIPTION OF THE FUNCTIONING OF THE STATE TRADING ENTERPRISE
A. SUMMARY STATEMENT PROVIDING OVERVIEW OF OPERATIONS OF THE STATE TRADING
ENTERPRISE
Following are scope of activities of AIRIMEX:
1. Import and export of airplanes, equipment, materials, spare-parts for aviation industry
and other materials;
2. Providing the services of cargo forwarding, air-ticket booking and ticket agency.
B. SPECIFICATION OF EXCLUSIVE OR SPECIAL RIGHTS OR PRIVILEGES ENJOYED BY THE STATE
TRADING ENTERPRISE
1. The Company is the exclusive importer and retailer of the products mentioned in the
Section B.
2. AIRIMEX is not subject to VAT in respect of its importation and exportation of
airplanes, engines, materials, spare-parts, equipment, specialized facilities used for
aviation transportation.
3. AIRIMEX is provided with special financial aid as well as out-of-State budget
subsidies by the Government.
C. TYPE OF ENTITIES OTHER THAN THE STATE TRADING ENTERPRISE  THAT ARE ALLOWED  TO
ENGAGE IN IMPORTATION /EXPORTATION AND CONDITIONS FOR PARTICIPATION
Other organisations are only permitted to export and import similar products upon the
approval and assignment of Vietnam Civil Aviation General Department or Vietnamese
Government.
D. HOW IMPORT /EXPORT LEVELS  ARE ESTABLISHED BY THE STATE TRADING ENTERPRISE
On the basis of the demand for product consumption of aviation industry.
E. HOW EXPORT PRICES ARE DETERMINED
Not applicable.
F. HOW THE RESALE PRICES OF IMPORTED PRODUCTS ARE DETERMINED
Based on commercial criteria.WT/ACC/VNM/14
Page 33
G. WHETHER LONG -TERM CONTRACTS ARE NEGOTIATED  BY THE STATE TRADING ENTERPRISE .
WHETHER THE STATE TRADING ENTERPRISE IS USED TO FULFIL CONTRACTUAL OBLIGATIONS
ENTERED INTO BY THE GOVERNMENT
Yes.
H. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF MARKET STRUCTURE
AIRIMEX covers 100 per cent of domestic market share of aviation specialised materials and
equipment.
IV. STATISTICAL INFORMATION
See attached Table.
V. REASON WHY NO FOREIGN TRADE HAS TAKEN PLACE
There is no exporting activities.
VI. ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
None.WT/ACC/VNM/14
Page 34TABLE I
AIRIMEX
STATISTICAL INFORMATION, IMPORTS
No. Description of products
(including HS 96)Total quantity
importedQuantity imported by
state trading
enterprise
(USD)Average import
priceAverage
representative
domestic sales priceMark-up National
production
1 Printed circuits  (853400) 404,887
2 Indicator panels for the use
of notification of flight
information (8531)128,010
3 Luggage conveyor belts
(842833)153,006
4 Pumps (84138190) 138,648
5 Trailers and semi-trailers;
other vehicles, not
mechanically propelled; parts
thereof  for the use of pulling
aircraft  (871690)344,031
6 Electrical magnetic
gates/doors (854398)100,789
7 Aviation aluminum
containers  (761699)656,053
8 Lubricants ( 3403) 210,109
9 Hydraulic brake fluids and
other prepared liquids for
hydraulic transmission, not
containing or containing less
than 70% by weight ofpetroleum oils or oils
obtained from bituminous
minerals (381900)48,644WT/ACC/VNM/14
Page 35No. Description of products
(including HS 96)Total quantity
importedQuantity imported by
state trading
enterprise
(USD)Average import
priceAverage
representative
domestic sales priceMark-up National
production
10 Spoons, forks, ladles,
skimmers, cake-servers, fish-knives, butter-knives, sugar
tongs and similar kitchen or
tableware for the service
usage on board of planes
(8215)536,357
11 Tools for the use of repairing
aircraft (8205)790,339
12 Aircraft engines  (840710) 2,484,630
13 Passenger seats used on
board of planes (880300)91,844
14 Plane hangars (73089090) 343,052
15 Systems of signal lights
(940540)44,400
16 Meal ration boxes (8512) 216,075
17 Hydraulic jacks (842549) 17,200
18 Glues & adhesives for the
use in aviation (350699)17,584
19 Aluminum trays and boxes
(8512)173,933
20 Aircraft pneumatic tyres, of
rubber (401130)9,609,485
21 Apparatus and appliances for
inspecting, examining and
searching luggage (902229)238,131
22 Dolly  rotary trays (871680) 71,948
23 Parts of aeroplanes or
helicopters (880300)31,972,705
24 Headphones and earphones
(85183010)202,200
25 Machines and mechanical
appliances for aircraft
maintenance (847989)2,966WT/ACC/VNM/14
Page 36No. Description of products
(including HS 96)Total quantity
importedQuantity imported by
state trading
enterprise
(USD)Average import
priceAverage
representative
domestic sales priceMark-up National
production
26 Apparatus and appliances for
metal analysis (802790)163,306
27 Radar apparatus, radio
navigational aid apparatusand radio remote control
apparatus (852610)8,900,690
28 Instruments and apparatus
for inspecting, examiningand screening engines
(902730)978,880
29 Wheelbarrows and trailers
for meal ration distribution
(87168010)637,555
30 Works trucks, self-propelled,
of the type used in airports
for short distance transport of
luggage (870900)387,243
31 Special purpose motor
vehicles used in airport
platforms (870590)546,612
32 Crane lorries (870510) 146,871
33 Tractors for the use of
pulling luggage (870100)121,878
34 Tractors for the use of
pulling aircraft (870100)2,726,803
35 Motor vehicles for electricity
generator (870590)267,744
36 Motor vehicles for air
generator (870590)234,750
37 Trucks for lifting cargoes and
luggage (870900)1,860,275
38 Motor vehicles for electricity
charge (870590)609,720WT/ACC/VNM/14
Page 37No. Description of products
(including HS 96)Total quantity
importedQuantity imported by
state trading
enterprise
(USD)Average import
priceAverage
representative
domestic sales priceMark-up National
production
39 Works trucks for the use of
meal ration transporting(870900)320,960
40 Motor vehicles for electricity
transmission (870590)35,585
41 Motor vehicles for
passengers transporting by
elevator (870590)616,056
42 Motor vehicles for cold air
emission (870590)1,422,492
43 Works trucks or tractors
used in airports for cargo
transition (870900)394,292
44 Motor vehicles for sanitary
usage (870590)1,180,680
45 Parts and accessories of the
specialised motor vehicles
(8708)665,443WT/ACC/VNM/14
Page 38
9. Printing Materials & Equipments Import Export Company
I. ENUMERATION OF STATE TRADING ENTERPRISES
A. IDENTIFICATION OF STATE TRADING ENTERPRISES
Name: The Printing Materials and Equipment Export Import Corporation (PRINTEXIM)
Address: 14 Nguyen Dinh Chieu, Di strict 1, Hochiminh City, Vietnam
Tel: 84 8 8296428/291085
Fax: 84 8 8224694
B. DESCRIPTION OF PRODUCTS AFFECTED (INCLUDING TARIFF ITEM NUMBER (S) ENCOMPASSED
IN PRODUCT DESCRIPTION )
The specialised printing equipment including book-binding machines, book-sewing machines,
typesetting machines, and other accessories (HS 8440, 8442, 8443)
II. REASON AND PURPOSE
A. REASON OR PURPOSE FOR ESTABLISHING AND /OR MAINTAINING STATE TRADING ENTERPRISE
To control the quantities of printing equipment imported and exported for the purpose of
supervising the publishing and printing activities in Vietnam
B. SUMMARY OF LEGAL BASIS FOR GRANTING THE RELEVANT EXCLUSIVE OR SPECIAL RIGHTS OR
PRIVILEGES , INCLUDING LEGAL PROVISIONS AND SUMMARY OF STATUTORY OR
CONSTITUTIONAL POWERS
Business Registration Licence, Import and Export Licences issued by the Ministry of Culture
and Information.
III. DESCRIPTION OF THE FUNCTIONING OF THE STATE TRADING ENTERPRISE
A. SUMMARY STATEMENT PROVIDING OVERVIEW OF OPERATIONS OF THE STATE TRADING
ENTERPRISE
PRINTEXIM was established in February 1993 with the main task of importing and exporting
the printing materials and equipment. Besides, the Corporation also imports other materials,
paper, ink for supplying the domestic market.
B. SPECIFICATION OF EXCLUSIVE OR SPECIAL RIGHTS OR PRIVILEGES ENJOYED BY THE STATE
TRADING ENTERPRISE
PRINTEXIM is one of 5 importers of printing materials described in Part I-B after being
issued the exporting and importing licence for each consignment by Ministry of Culture.Except for the above-mentioned materials, all other printing materials and equipment are
allowed to be freely imported into Vietnam.
C. T
YPE OF ENTITIES OTHER THAN THE STATE TRADING ENTERPRISE  THAT ARE ALLOWED  TO
ENGAGE IN IMPORTATION /EXPORTATION AND CONDITIONS FOR PARTICIPATION
Four other enterprises.WT/ACC/VNM/14
Page 39
D. HOW IMPORT /EXPORT LEVELS  ARE ESTABLISHED BY THE STATE TRADING ENTERPRISE
Based on domestic price and demand.
E. HOW EXPORT PRICES ARE DETERMINED
Based on market price in importing country.
F. HOW THE RESALE PRICES OF IMPORTED PRODUCTS ARE DETERMINED
Based on domestic market price
G. WHETHER LONG -TERM CONTRACTS ARE NEGOTIATED  BY THE STATE TRADING ENTERPRISE ,
WHETHER THE STATE TRADING ENTERPRISE IS USED TO FULFILL CONTRACTUAL OBLIGATIONS
ENTERED INTO BY THE GOVERNMENT
PRINTEXIM has not ever negotiated any long-term contract does not have to fulfill
contractual obligations enter into by the government.
H. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF MARKET STRUCTURE
PRINTEXIM  imports printing materials and equipment and then distributes to the domestic
printing factories.
IV. STATISTICAL INFORMATION
See attached Table.
V. REASON WHY NO FOREIGN TRADE HAS TAKEN PLACE
-
VI. ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
None.WT/ACC/VNM/14
Page 40TABLE I
THE PRINTING MATERIALS AND EQUIPMENT EXPORT IMPORT CORPORATION
PRINTEXIM
STATISTICAL INFORMATION, IMPORTS
Year Description of
products (including
HS 96)Total quantity
importedQuantity imported by
state trading enterpriseAverage import
priceAverage representative
domestic sales priceMark-up National production
1996 8440/8442/8443 68 23664 5% Not applicable
1997 8440/8442/8443 134 23010 5% Not applicable
1998 8440/8442/8443 108 33448 5% Not applicableWT/ACC/VNM/14
Page 41TABLE II
THE PRINTING MATERIALS AND EQUIPMENT EXPORT IMPORT CORPORATION (PRINTEXIM)
STATISTICAL INFORMATION, EXPORTS
Year Description of
products (including
HS 96)Total quantity
importedQuantity exported by
state trading enterpriseAverage
procurement
priceMark-up Average export
priceNational production
1996 8440/8442/8443 10 5% 11934 Not applicable
1997 8440/8442/8443 28 5% 18137 Not applicable
1998 8440/8442/8443 06 5% 74800 Not applicableWT/ACC/VNM/14
Page 42
10. Cinematographic and Video Materials Company
I. ENUMERATION OF STATE TRADING ENTERPRISES
A. IDENTIFICATION OF STATE TRADING ENTERPRISES
Name: The Cinematographic and Video Materials Export Import Company (VINEMATIM)
Address: 65 Tran H ung Dao, Hanoi, Vietnam
Tel: 84 4 8263082/8256103
Fax: 84 4 8267547
B. DESCRIPTION OF PRODUCTS AFFECTED (INCLUDING TARIFF ITEM NUMBER (S) ENCOMPASSED
IN PRODUCT DESCRIPTION )
Cinematographic equipment and materials (HS: 8525, 9007)
II. REASON AND PURPOSE
A. REASON OR PURPOSE FOR ESTABLISHING AND /OR MAINTAINING STATE TRADING ENTERPRISE
To cater and modernise the cinema and film-producing system to the service of film industry.
B. SUMMARY OF LEGAL BASIS FOR GRANTING THE RELEVANT EXCLUSIVE OR SPECIAL RIGHTS OR
PRIVILEGES , INCLUDING LEGAL PROVISIONS AND SUMMARY OF STATUTORY OR
CONSTITUTIONAL POWERS
Export and Import License.
III. DESCRIPTION OF THE FUNCTIONING OF THE STATE TRADING ENTERPRISE
A. SUMMARY STATEMENT PROVIDING OVERVIEW OF OPERATIONS OF THE STATE TRADING
ENTERPRISE
VINEMATIM  was established in July 1979 with the main function of exporting and
importing sound, light equipment and materials, musical instruments, telecommunication and
television broadcasting equipment and materials, other cultural products and consumption
items to the service of cultural activities in accordance with the State's regulation, consulting
and designing the service of technical installation of the above-mentioned equipment and
materials.
B. SPECIFICATION OF EXCLUSIVE OR SPECIAL RIGHTS OR PRIVILEGES ENJOYED BY THE STATE
TRADING ENTERPRISE
VINEMATIM is one of the three units which have been allowed to trade and import
specialised equipment and materials to the service of cinematography.
C. TYPE OF ENTITIES OTHER THAN THE STATE TRADING ENTERPRISE  THAT ARE ALLOWED  TO
ENGAGE IN IMPORTATION /EXPORTATION AND CONDITIONS FOR PARTICIPATION
Other units of the cinematographic industry including one in the North and the other in the
South.WT/ACC/VNM/14
Page 43
D. HOW IMPORT /EXPORT LEVELS  ARE ESTABLISHED BY THE STATE TRADING ENTERPRISE
Based on the Corporation's business plan of exportation and importation and dependent on the
State's allocated expenditure and market demand.
E. HOW EXPORT PRICES ARE DETERMINED
There is no exporting activities
F. HOW THE RESALE PRICES OF IMPORTED PRODUCTS ARE DETERMINED
The retail price of each kind of imported product is determined by the import price plus
import duty, revenue tax and other necessary cost, and also on the basis of domestic market
price.
G. WHETHER LONG -TERM CONTRACTS ARE NEGOTIATED  BY THE STATE TRADING ENTERPRISE .
WHETHER THE STATE TRADING ENTERPRISE IS USED TO FULFILL CONTRACTUAL OBLIGATIONS
ENTERED INTO BY THE GOVERNMENT
VINEMATIM has negotiated a lot of long-term contracts such as agent contract of product
distribution signed with some foreign producers.
VINEMATIM does not have to perform the Government's contractual obligations.
H. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF MARKET STRUCTURE
VINEMATIM imports cinematographic equipment and materials and then supplies them to
the agencies of the cinema industry.
IV. STATISTICAL INFORMATION
See attached Table.
V. REASON WHY NO FOREIGN TRADE HAS TAKEN PLACE
VINEMATIM business activities do not include domestic production and exportation.
VI. ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
None.WT/ACC/VNM/14
Page 44TABLE I
THE CINEMATOGRAPHIC AND VIDEO MATERIALS EXPORT IMPORT CORPORATION (VINEMATIM)
STATISTICAL INFORMATION, IMPORTS
Description of products
(including HS 96)Total quantity
importedQuantity imported
by state trading
enterprise (million
USD)Average import
priceAverage representative
domestic sales priceMark-up National production
Cinematographic and
video equipment and
materials, sound and light
equipment and
electronics
(8525, 9007)1997: 2.7
1998: 3.55%
5%Not applicable
Not applicableWT/ACC/VNM/14
Page 45
11. Vietnam Film Import-Export and Distribution Company
I. ENUMERATION OF STATE TRADING ENTERPRISES
A. IDENTIFICATION OF STATE TRADING ENTERPRISES
Name: Vietnam Film Import - Export and Distribution Company (FAFILM VIETNAM)
Address: 19 Nguyen Trai, Thanh Xuan District, Hanoi, Vietnam
Tel: 84 4 8533374/8534566
Fax: 84 4 8531611
B. DESCRIPTION OF PRODUCTS AFFECTED (INCLUDING TARIFF ITEM NUMBER (S) ENCOMPASSED
IN PRODUCT DESCRIPTION )
1. Cinematographic films of a width of 35mm  (3706)
2. Other films (3706)
3. Film video tapes (8524)
4. VHS video tapes (8524)
5. Betacam video tapes (8524)
6. Various types of film VCDs (8524)
II. REASON AND PURPOSE
A. REASON OR PURPOSE FOR ESTABLISHING AND /OR MAINTAINING STATE TRADING ENTERPRISE
The Company was established under the Decision on establishment No. 801/QD dated
24 June 1993 of Ministry of Culture and Information to  distribute the products of domestic
film producers to, import various types of films for supply to all localities in the country.
B. SUMMARY OF LEGAL BASIS FOR GRANTING THE RELEVANT EXCLUSIVE OR SPECIAL RIGHTS OR
PRIVILEGES , INCLUDING LEGAL PROVISIONS AND SUMMARY OF STATUTORY OR
CONSTITUTIONAL POWERS
1. Decree No.48/CP dated 17 July 1995 of the Government.
2. Decision No. 474/TC-QD dated 20 April 1992.
3. Decision on establishment No. 801/QD dated 24 June 1993 of Ministry of Culture
and Information.
III. DESCRIPTION OF THE FUNCTIONING OF THE STATE TRADING ENTERPRISE
A. SUMMARY STATEMENT PROVIDING OVERVIEW OF OPERATIONS OF THE STATE TRADING
ENTERPRISE
1. Distribution of various types of films and video films over the whole country;
2. Export of all types of domestically-produced films and video films;
3. Import of all types of films, video films for supply to domestic cinema network;
4. Co-operation with other domestic film producers to produce films and video films;
5. Enter into joint venture to distribute international films and video films in Vietnam as
well as Vietnamese films and video films overseas.WT/ACC/VNM/14
Page 46
B. SPECIFICATION OF EXCLUSIVE OR SPECIAL RIGHTS OR PRIVILEGES ENJOYED BY THE STATE
TRADING ENTERPRISE
1. FAFILM VIETNAM is the exclusive importer and distributor of feature films (35mm,
video, VCD);
2. Sole exporter and mandatory exporter of feature films (35mm, video);
3. Preferential  import duty and VAT;
4. Low interest rate loan;
5. FAFILM VIETNAM  is granted import subsidies for some films of high artistic
quality and films for children.
C. TYPE OF ENTITIES OTHER THAN THE STATE TRADING ENTERPRISE  THAT ARE ALLOWED  TO
ENGAGE IN IMPORTATION /EXPORTATION AND CONDITIONS FOR PARTICIPATION
None.
D. HOW IMPORT /EXPORT LEVELS ARE ESTABLISHED BY THE STATE TRADING ENTERPRISE
Based on the company's financial standing.
E. HOW EXPORT PRICES ARE DETERMINED
The export price is negotiated case by case according to commercial criteria.
F. HOW THE RESALE PRICES OF IMPORTED PRODUCTS ARE DETERMINED
According to commercial criteria.
G. WHETHER LONG -TERM CONTRACTS ARE NEGOTIATED  BY THE STATE TRADING ENTERPRISE .
WHETHER THE STATE TRADING ENTERPRISE IS USED TO FULFIL CONTRACTUAL OBLIGATIONS
ENTERED INTO BY THE GOVERNMENT
The Company is eligible for negotiating long-term contracts. 
H. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF MARKET STRUCTURE
The Company covers 100 per cent market share of feature films of 35mm, video, VCD in
Vietnam.
IV. STATISTICAL INFORMATION
See attached Table.
V. REASON WHY NO FOREIGN TRADE HAS TAKEN PLACE
-
VI. ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
None.WT/ACC/VNM/14
Page 47TABLE I
VIETNAM FILM IMPORT EXPORT AND DISTRIBUTION CORPORATION (FAFILM VIETNAM)
STATISTICAL INFORMATION, IMPORTS
Year Description of products
(including HS number(s)Total quantity
importedQuantity imported by
state trading
enterpriseAverage import
price
(USD/set)Average representative
domestic sales priceMark-up National
production
1996 Cimematographic film,
exposed and developed,
whether or not
incorporating sound track
or consisting only of sound
track.(3706)21 sets 21 sets 2500
Serial film records, tapes
(8524)90 sets 90 sets 1300
Separate film records, tapes 240 sets 240 sets 500
1997 Cimematographic film,
exposed and developed,
whether or not
incorporating sound track
or consisting only of sound
track.(3706)60 sets 60 sets 5000
Serial film records, tapes
(8524)97 sets 97 sets 1500
Separate film records, tapes 168 sets 168 sets 600
1998 Cimematographic film,
exposed and developed,
whether or not
incorporating sound track
or consisting only of soundtrack.(3706)37 sets 37 sets 7000
Serial film records, tapes
(8524)
Separate film records, tapesWT/ACC/VNM/14
Page 48
12. Books and Newspapers Import-Export Company
I. ENUMERATION OF STATE TRADING ENTERPRISES
A. IDENTIFICATION OF STATE TRADING ENTERPRISES
Name:  The Books and Newspapers Export Import Corporation (XUNHASABA)
Address: 32 Hai Ba Trung, Hanoi, Vietnam
Tel: 84 4 8247330/8262989
Fax: 84 4 8252860
B. DESCRIPTION OF PRODUCTS AFFECTED (INCLUDING TARIFF ITEM NUMBER (S) ENCOMPASSED
IN PRODUCT DESCRIPTION )
Books, newspapers and magazines (4901, 4902, 4903)
II. REASON AND PURPOSE
A. REASON OR PURPOSE FOR ESTABLISHING AND /OR MAINTAINING STATE TRADING ENTERPRISE
To govern and supervise the exporting and importing activities of books, newspapers,
magazines.
B. SUMMARY OF LEGAL BASIS FOR GRANTING THE RELEVANT EXCLUSIVE OR SPECIAL RIGHTS OR
PRIVILEGES , INCLUDING LEGAL PROVISIONS AND SUMMARY OF STATUTORY OR
CONSTITUTIONAL POWERS
Export and import license issued by Ministry of Culture.
III. DESCRIPTION OF THE FUNCTIONING OF THE STATE TRADING ENTERPRISE
A. SUMMARY STATEMENT PROVIDING OVERVIEW OF OPERATIONS OF THE STATE TRADING
ENTERPRISE
XUNHASABA was established in 1957 with main function of exporting and importing of
books, newspapers, magazines and other kinds of publications.
B. SPECIFICATION OF EXCLUSIVE OR SPECIAL RIGHTS OR PRIVILEGES ENJOYED BY THE STATE
TRADING ENTERPRISE
XUNHASABA is Vietnam's exclusive importer of books, newspapers and magazines.
C. TYPE OF ENTITIES OTHER THAN THE STATE TRADING ENTERPRISE  THAT ARE ALLOWED  TO
ENGAGE IN IMPORTATION /EXPORTATION AND CONDITIONS FOR PARTICIPATION
Not applicable.
D. HOW IMPORT /EXPORT LEVELS ARE ESTABLISHED BY THE STATE TRADING ENTERPRISE
1. According to the clients' firm purchase orders;
2. Based on the plan implementation of the previous years;
3. Based on the domestic market demand.WT/ACC/VNM/14
Page 49
E. HOW EXPORT PRICES ARE DETERMINED
Based on the market price.
F. HOW THE RESALE PRICES OF IMPORTED PRODUCTS ARE DETERMINED
CIF price plus the Corporation's pre-determined profit rate.
G. WHETHER LONG -TERM CONTRACTS ARE NEGOTIATED  BY THE STATE TRADING ENTERPRISE .
WHETHER THE STATE TRADING ENTERPRISE IS USED TO FULFILL CONTRACTUAL OBLIGATIONS
ENTERED INTO BY THE GOVERNMENT
No.
H. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF MARKET STRUCTURE
Books, newspapers and magazines imported by the Corporation are sold by retail through the
Corporation's system of stores or are distribute d to the Corporation's clients such as libraries,
schools and institutions, etc.
IV. STATISTICAL INFORMATION
See attached Table.
V. REASON WHY NO FOREIGN TRADE HAS TAKEN PLACE
-
VI. ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
None.WT/ACC/VNM/14
Page 50TABLE I
THE BOOKS AND NEWSPAPERS EXPORT IMPORT CORPORATION
(XUNHASABA)
STATISTICAL INFORMATION, IMPORTS
Year Description of products
(including HS 96)Total quantity
importedQuantity
imported by state
trading enterprise
(million USD)Average import
priceAverage
representative
domestic sales
priceMark-up National
production
1996 Books, newspapers,
magazines2.0 None
1997 Books, newspapers,
magazines2.6 None
1998 Books, newspapers,
magazines2.7 None
Note: Because XUNHASABA  is an exclusive impor ter of books, newspapers and magazines, the Corporation's import volume is identic al to the whole
country's import volume. The above data excludes the mandatory import volume.WT/ACC/VNM/14
Page 51TABLE II
THE BOOKS AND NEWSPAPERS EXPORT IMPORT CORPORATION
(XUNHASABA)
STATISTICAL INFORMATION, EXPORTS
Year Description of products
(including HS 96)Total quantity
exportedQuantity
exported by state
trading enterprise
(million USD)Average
procurement
priceAverage
representative
domestic sales
priceAverage export
priceNational
production
1996 Books, newspapers,
magazines (4901-4903)0.30
1997 Books, newspapers,
magazines (4901-4903)0.28
1998 Books, newspapers,
magazines (4901-4903)0.36WT/ACC/VNM/14
Page 52
13.  Authorised importers of spirits
A. IDENTIFICATION OF STATE TRADING ENTERPRISES
20 authorised importers, among them 5 companies are from private sector.
B. DESCRIPTION OF PRODUCTS AFFECTED (INCLUDING TARIFF ITEM NUMBER (S) ENCOMPASSED
IN PRODUCT DESCRIPTION )
Wine, liqueurs and spirits (2204-2208)
C. SPECIFICATION OF EXCLUSIVE OR SPECIAL RIGHTS OR PRIVILEGES ENJOYED BY THE STATE
TRADING ENTERPRISE
1. 20 authorised importers are licensed by the Ministry of Trade to import bottled wine,
liqueurs and spirits.
2. Legal basis for granting import licence
3. Circular No. 12/1999/TT-BTM dated 19 May 1999 of the Ministry of Trade.
D. CONDITIONS FOR GRANTING IMPORT LICENCE
1. Spirits importers authorised by the Minitry of Trade in 1998, who meet the conditions
stipulated in paragraph III.1.2.a of th e Circular No. 12/1999/TT-BTM; and
2. Enterprises, who were not granted spirits import licence in 1998 and meet the
following conditions:
- Having Business Registration in terms of spirits;
- Involved in distribution and sale of spirits for a period of at least 1997-1998;
- Having a stable local consumption network;
- Spirits purchase in 1998 was at least 100,000 USD may be granted licence
for importing spirits in 1999. However, in 1999 the Ministry of Tradegranted spirits import licences to only 20 enterprises.
E. S
TATISTICAL  INFORMATION
Not available.
__________