RESTRICTEDWORLD TRADE
ORGANIZATIONG/AG/NG/S/11/Add.2
15 September 2000
(00-3627)
Committee on Agriculture
Special Session
THE EFFECTS OF THE REDUCTION COMMITMENTS ON
WORLD TRADE IN AGRICULTURE
Statistical Background Paper by the Secretariat
Addendum
1. At the second Special Session of the Committee on Agriculture on 29-30 June 2000, it was
agreed that the Secretariat would provide additional data on the agricultural trade performance ofdeveloping countries in the context of Article 20(b) concerning the effects of the reduction
commitments on world trade in agriculture (paragraph 7(h) of G/AG/NG/2 refers).  The present
addendum to the statistical background paper by the Secretariat G/AG/NG/S/11 dated 9 June 2000
responds to this request.
2. This background paper has three sections.  Section I  focuses on the export performance of
developing countries with respect to total agricultural products.  Table 1 shows the value of
developing countries' exports of total agricultur al products in the period 1990-98.  In addition, the
table provides a regional break-down for the devel oping countries.  Table 2 shows the corresponding
market shares in world exports of agricultural pr oducts.  Table 3 shows the growth rates with respect
to exports of agricultural products for the period under examination.
3. It may be noted that the agricultural trade performance of developing countries has already
been covered in the Secretariat's background paper G/AG/NG/S/6 dated 23 May 2000 (Tables I.2 andI.3 refer).  The main difference between the concepts used in the former and the present paper lies in
the definition of agricultural products.  The b ackground paper G/AG/NG/S/6 is based on the definition
of agricultural products used by the WTO Statistics Division which is broader than the product
coverage of the Agreement on Agriculture as listed in Annex 1 thereto.
1  The present background
paper draws on FAO data (FAOSTAT database at www.fao.org).  It may be noted that the FAOdefinition of agricultural products comes close, but is not identical, to the product coverage of the
Agreement on Agriculture.  In terms of total world trade in agricultural products, this difference in
product coverage is not very significant, however.
4. The country coverage of developing countries is that employed by the FAO, with the addition
of three WTO Members (Israel, Malta and Romania) whose scheduled commitments reflect theUruguay Round modalities as they applied to developing countries.  South Africa has also been
included amongst the developing countries (see Annex 1 for a list of developing countries).
5. Section II  provides data regarding the participation of developing countries in the trade of the
following agricultural products:  sugar, wheat/wheat flour, coarse grains, rice, oilseeds, bovine meat,
                                                     
1 Of particular significance is the inclusion of trade in fish (products) in the definition of agricultural products
used by the WTO Statistics Division.  The Secretariat has r ecently launched a project to construct a trade matrix based
on the Annex 1 definition.  The results are expected to be available by the end of the year.G/AG/NG/S/ 11/Add.2
Page 2
pigmeat, poultry meat, dairy products and eggs, and fruit and vegetables (Tables 4 to 13).  Except for
oilseeds, these are also the products/product groups where non-subsidizing developing countries have
had to compete with significant volumes of subsidiz ed exports (G/AG/NG/S/5, page 5 refers).  Each of
the product tables contains the export volumes and market shares of the developing countries, and a
regional break-down.  In addition, the export volumes and an export volume index have beenprovided.
2
6. Section III provides data on the export performance of the developing countries (in
comparison to the world) with respect to primary and value-added agricultural products.  For this
purpose, 536 agricultural products for which FAO trade data are available have been classified
according to their stage in the value-added chain (Annex 2).  Primary agricultural products include
products which have received no or very little pro cessing, such as wheat, oilseeds and green coffee.3
Processed products, such as wheat flour, oilcakes and roasted coffee have been assigned to the "value-
added" category of agricultural products.  Certai n other high-value products have also been included
although they have not undergone further processing.  For example, perishable products like fresh fruit
and vegetables generally contain a significant element of distribution services (value-added) when
they are exported.
7. Table 14 shows the growth rates of exports of primary and value-added products in the period
1990-98.  Table 15 shows a break-down of growth rates for the periods 1990-94, 1994-97 and
1994-98.  Table 16 provides the underlying export values.  All three tables show data for total
agricultural products as well as selected product groups.  In the case of fruit and vegetables, an
additional distinction has been made between fresh and processed fruit and vegetables.
                                                     
2 For such heterogeneous baskets as dairy products and eggs, and fruit and vegetables, export values only have
been provided.
3 It may be noted that the level of aggregation of the trade data does not always allow to distinguish between
primary and value-added agricultural products.  For example,  there is no break-down for tea shipped in bulk and value-
added tea (tea bags, high-value tea ready for consumption).G/AG/NG/S/ 11/Add.2
Page 3
SECTION I
Agricultural trade performance of developing countries
Table 1 - Developing countries' exports of agricultural products by region, 1990-98 (billion US$)
1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998
Developing
countries,
of which:93.0 93.6 96.1 95.7 115.1 133.5 139.3 141.4 136.5
Africa 12.2 11.5 11.0 10.8 13.4 15.2 16.4 15.5 15.6
Developing Asia 43.9 47.7 51.0 50.7 59.8 69.2 72.0 68.2 64.5
Latin America and
the Caribbean35.0 32.4 32.2 32.2 39.7 46.4 48.1 54.9 54.1
Other developingcountries
1.9 2.0 1.9 2.0 2.3 2.6 2.9 2.7 2.3
World 216.4 213.5 229.7 227.2 262.7 304.7 323.4 323.9 305.5
Notes: (1)  See Annex 1 for a list of developing countries.
(2)  Data are net of intra-EC trade.  EC data refer to the EC(15) as from 1986.
Source: FAO (1999), "FAOSTAT Statistics Database" at www.fao.org.
Table 2 -  Developing countries' share in the value of world exports of agricultural products by region,
1990-98 (per cent)
1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998
Developing
countries,
of which:43.0 43.8 41.9 42.1 43.8 43.8 43.1 43.7 44.7
Africa 5.7 5.4 4.8 4.8 5.1 5.0 5.1 4.8 5.1
Developing Asia 20.3 22.4 22.2 22.3 22.8 22.7 22.3 21.1 21.1
Latin America and
the Caribbean16.2 15.2 14.0 14.2 15.1 15.2 14.9 17.0 17.7
Other developingcountries
0.9 0.9 0.8 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.8
World 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100
Notes: (1)  See Annex 1 for a list of developing countries.
(2)  Data are net of intra-EC trade.  EC data refer to the EC(15) as from 1986.
Source: FAO (1999), "FAOSTAT Statistics Database" at www.fao.org.G/AG/NG/S/ 11/Add.2
Page 4
Table 3 - Growth of the value of agricultural exports by region, 1990-98 (per cent)
Annual percentage changeAverage annual growth
(per cent)
1995 1996 1997 1998 90-94 94-97 94-98
Developing countries,
of which:15.9 4.4 1.5 -3.4 5.5 7.1 4.4
Africa 13.6 7.8 -5.0 0.4 2.2 5.2 4.0
Developing Asia 15.7 4.0 -5.3 -5.4 8.0 4.5 1.9
Latin America and the
Caribbean17.0 3.6 14.3 -1.5 3.2 11.5 8.1
Other developingcountries   15.5 10.2 -5.3 -14.7       4.7      6.4         0.7
World 16.0 6.1 0.2 -5.7 5.0 7.2 3.8
Notes: (1)  See Annex 1 for a list of developing countries.
(2)  Data are net of intra-EC trade.  EC data refer to the EC(15) as from 1986.
Source: FAO (1999), "FAOSTAT Statistics Database" at www.fao.org.G/AG/NG/S/ 11/Add.2
Page 5
SECTION II
Developing countries' participation in the trade of
selected agricultural products
General note:
(1)  Data are net of intra-EC trade.  EC data refer to the EC(15) as from 1986.
(2)  See Annex 1 for a list of developing countries.
Source: FAO (1999), "FAOSTAT Statistics Database" at www.fao.org.G/AG/NG/S/ 11/Add.2
Page 6
Table 4 – Developing countries' exports of sugar, 1990-98
1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998
Export value (million US$)
Developing countries,
of which:8,666 6,061 5,826 4,875 5,196 6,804 7,366 6,864 6,714
Africa 1,133 966 891 705 897 928 1,031 990 1,078
Developing Asia 1,368 1,145 1,949 1,579 1,537 1,914 2,160 1,671 1,382
Latin America & the Caribbean 6,007 3,764 2,832 2,438 2,590 3,765 3,965 4,054 4,152
Other developing countries 158 187 154 153 173 197 210 149 102
World 11,927 8,809 8,357 7,732 8,425 11,018 11,122 10,449 10,261
Market share (per cent)
Developing countries,
of which:72.7 68.8 69.7 63.0 61.7 61.8 66.2 65.7 65.4
Africa 9.5 11.0 10.7 9.1 10.6 8.4 9.3 9.5 10.5
Developing Asia 11.5 13.0 23.3 20.4 18.2 17.4 19.4 16.0 13.5
Latin America & the Caribbean 50.4 42.7 33.9 31.5 30.7 34.2 35.7 38.8 40.5
Other developing countries 1.3 2.1 1.8 2.0 2.1 1.8 1.9 1.4 1.0
World 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100
Export volume (million tonnes)
Developing countries,
of which:18.8 18.7 21.5 17.5 17.2 20.6 23.1 23.6 24.4
Africa 2.7 2.2 1.8 1.4 1.9 1.8 2.4 2.4 2.6
Developing Asia 4.1 4.7 7.7 6.0 5.3 5.9 7.0 5.9 5.1
Latin America & the Caribbean 11.6 11.3 11.6 9.6 9.5 12.5 13.3 15.0 16.5
Other developing countries 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.2
World 28.3 27.8 30.5 28.3 28.4 33.2 34.9 35.3 36.7
Export volume index (1990=100)
Developing countries,
of which:100 99 114 93 91 109 123 125 130
Africa 100 84 69 53 71 66 88 89 95
Developing Asia 100 113 186 144 128 142 170 143 124
Latin America & the Caribbean 100 98 100 83 82 108 115 129 142
Other developing countries 100 108 94 109 113 109 102 76 55
World 100 98 108 100 100 117 123 125 130
Note: Includes raw and refined sugar in raw equivalent.G/AG/NG/S/ 11/Add.2
Page 7Table 5 – Developing countries' exports of wheat and wheat flour, 1990-98
1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998
Export value (million US$)
Developing countries,
of which:1,386 1,154 1,547 1,318 1,288 2,071 2,145 2,548 2,193
Africa 99 39 77 77 50 113 106 135 113
Developing Asia 309 561 703 442 448 645 923 701 546
Latin America & the Caribbean 977 542 766 798 790 1,202 865 1,661 1,491
Other developing countries 0 12 2 1 1 110 251 50 44
World 14,323 12,039 15,645 13,545 12,549 16,110 19,030 16,958 14,118
Market share (per cent)
Developing countries,
of which:9.7 9.6 9.9 9.7 10.3 12.9 11.3 15.0 15.5
Africa 0.7 0.3 0.5 0.6 0.4 0.7 0.6 0.8 0.8
Developing Asia 2.2 4.7 4.5 3.3 3.6 4.0 4.9 4.1 3.9
Latin America & the Caribbean 6.8 4.5 4.9 5.9 6.3 7.5 4.5 9.8 10.6
Other developing countries 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.7 1.3 0.3 0.3
World 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100
Export volume (million tonnes)
Developing countries,
of which:9.0 11.6 13.0 10.0 9.8 13.2 11.0 15.0 15.7
Africa 0.5 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.3 0.6 0.4 0.5 0.5
Developing Asia 2.0 5.3 6.3 3.4 3.7 4.0 5.0 3.5 3.1
Latin America & the Caribbean 6.5 6.0 6.3 6.1 5.8 8.0 4.2 10.5 11.6
Other developing countries 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.6 1.4 0.5 0.5
World 94.4 104.3 110.6 102.9 98.5 99.9 93.4 101.9 100.9
Export volume index (1990=100)
Developing countries,
of which:100 129 144 111 109 146 122 166 174
Africa 100 36 71 92 53 123 85 115 108
Developing Asia 100 264 313 170 183 196 250 171 155
Latin America & the Caribbean 100 92 97 94 90 123 64 162 178
Other developing countries 100 7,193 473 267 251 38,418 82,342 26,946 27,243
World 100 110 117 109 104 106 99 108 107G/AG/NG/S/ 11/Add.2
Page 8Table 6 – Developing countries' exports of coarse grains, 1990-98
1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998
Export value (million US$)
Developing countries,
of which:1,574 1,916 2,361 2,279 2,510 1,422 2,287 3,248 2,869
Africa 408 131 132 238 683 331 498 345 205
Developing Asia 661 1,195 1,402 1,332 1,177 222 277 1,159 945
Latin America & the Caribbean 505 588 822 705 642 842 1,458 1,698 1,668
Other developing countries 1 1 4 4 8 28 55 46 49
World 11,190 9,964 11,282 9,620 9,775 11,926 15,186 12,210 10,106
Market share (per cent)
Developing countries
of which:14.1 19.2 20.9 23.7 25.7 11.9 15.1 26.6 28.4
Africa 3.7 1.3 1.2 2.5 7.0 2.8 3.3 2.8 2.0
Developing Asia 5.9 12.0 12.4 13.8 12.0 1.9 1.8 9.5 9.4
Latin America & the Caribbean 4.5 5.9 7.3 7.3 6.6 7.1 9.6 13.9 16.5
Other developing countries 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.4 0.4 0.5
World 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100
Export volume (million tonnes)
Developing countries
of which:13.0 17.2 20.6 20.7 21.7 11.5 12.5 23.8 24.2
Africa 3.2 1.0 0.8 1.8 5.6 2.6 2.7 2.4 1.5
Developing Asia 5.3 10.6 12.3 12.6 11.1 1.9 1.5 8.1 7.7
Latin America & the Caribbean 4.4 5.5 7.6 6.3 5.0 6.8 8.0 13.0 14.6
Other developing countries 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.3 0.4
World 92.1 88.8 98.6 86.3 86.5 96.7 90.3 91.1 89.7
Export volume index (1990=100)
Developing countries
of which:100 132 159 159 167 89 96 184 186
Africa 100 32 24 55 173 80 84 74 46
Developing Asia 100 199 230 236 207 36 27 151 144
Latin America & the Caribbean 100 125 171 142 114 154 180 294 329
Other developing countries 100 198 956 438 901 22,832 39,929 38,316 48,211
World 100 96 107 94 94 105 98 99 97G/AG/NG/S/ 11/Add.2
Page 9Table 7 – Developing countries' exports of rice, 1990-98
1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998
Export value(million US$)
Developing countries,
of which:2,374 2,683 3,421 3,326 3,975 5,118 5,191 5,725 7,434
Africa 28 46 86 61 97 65 128 82 145
Developing Asia 2,134 2,400 3,028 2,838 3,403 4,496 4,409 4,846 6,545
Latin America & the Caribbean 212 237 305 426 475 555 651 796 743
Other developing countries 0 0 1 0 0 1 3 0 0
World 3,472 3,786 4,561 4,363 5,377 6,535 6,693 7,154 9,214
Market share (per cent)
Developing countries
of which:68.4 70.9 75.0 76.2 73.9 78.3 77.6 80.0 80.7
Africa 0.8 1.2 1.9 1.4 1.8 1.0 1.9 1.2 1.6
Developing Asia 61.5 63.4 66.4 65.1 63.3 68.8 65.9 67.7 71.0
Latin America & the Caribbean 6.1 6.3 6.7 9.8 8.8 8.5 9.7 11.1 8.1
Other developing countries 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
World 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100
Export volume (million tonnes)
Developing countries
of which:8.5 9.2 12.0 12.4 13.2 17.5 15.7 16.4 23.1
Africa 0.1 0.2 0.4 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.4 0.2 0.5
Developing Asia 7.8 8.5 10.8 11.0 11.7 15.9 13.8 14.2 20.9
Latin America & the Caribbean 0.6 0.6 0.9 1.2 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.9 1.8
Other developing countries 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
World 11.7 12.3 15.2 15.8 17.0 21.6 19.4 19.8 27.6
Export volume index (1990=100)
Developing countries
of which:100 109 142 147 156 207 186 194 274
Africa 100 169 375 212 297 173 347 225 445
Developing Asia 100 109 139 142 151 205 177 183 269
Latin America & the Caribbean 100 96 150 211 199 244 278 329 303
Other developing countries 100 39 282 147 85 445 798 23 116
World 100 106 130 136 145 185 166 170 236G/AG/NG/S/ 11/Add.2
Page 10Table 8 – Developing countries' exports of oilseeds, 1990-98
1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998
Export value (million US$)
Developing countries,
of which:3,357 3,194 2,867 2,993 4,003 3,346 3,901 4,518 4,868
Africa 194 167 144 179 225 220 335 306 245
Developing Asia 1,017 1,143 779 763 1,064 993 962 737 681
Latin America & the Caribbean 2,101 1,835 1,860 1,982 2,641 2,043 2,497 3,365 3,828
Other developing countries 45 49 84 69 73 91 107 109 114
World 8,373 8,523 8,715 9,288 10,800 11,509 14,289 15,036 13,331
Market share (per cent)
Developing countries
of which:40.1 37.5 32.9 32.2 37.1 29.1 27.3 30.0 36.5
Africa 2.3 2.0 1.7 1.9 2.1 1.9 2.3 2.0 1.8
Developing Asia 12.1 13.4 8.9 8.2 9.9 8.6 6.7 4.9 5.1
Latin America & the Caribbean 25.1 21.5 21.3 21.3 24.5 17.7 17.5 22.4 28.7
Other developing countries 0.5 0.6 1.0 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.9
World 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100
Export volume (million tonnes)
Developing countries
of which:12.3 11.4 10.9 11.2 13.8 11.4 11.2 13.8 18.0
Africa 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.7 0.5 0.8 0.8 0.8
Developing Asia 2.3 2.6 1.9 1.9 2.4 1.7 1.6 1.4 1.3
Latin America &the Caribbean 9.4 8.2 8.4 8.6 10.6 8.9 8.6 11.4 15.6
Other developing countries 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.4
World 32.4 33.7 36.0 36.8 40.4 42.9 46.6 50.0 51.1
Export volume index (1990=100)
Developing countries
of which:100 92 88 91 112 92 91 112 146
Africa 100 85 88 117 145 115 171 171 166
Developing Asia 100 110 81 81 102 74 69 58 56
Latin America & the Caribbean 100 88 90 91 113 95 92 121 166
Other developing countries 100 93 96 113 106 115 135 160 205
World 100 104 111 113 125 132 144 154 157G/AG/NG/S/ 11/Add.2
Page 11Table 9 – Developing countries' exports of bovine meat, 1990-98
1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998
Export value (million US$)
Developing countries,
of which:2,158 2,400 2,170 2,188 2,355 2,695 2,307 2,650 2,580
Africa 154 181 187 210 202 255 249 234 158
Developing Asia 382 491 275 342 300 425 396 570 553
Latin America & the Caribbean 1,614 1,704 1,677 1,607 1,825 1,994 1,647 1,837 1,864
Other developing countries 7 24 31 30 28 21 14 9 5
World 8,201 9,155 9,768 9,174 9,895 10,495 9,473 10,333 9,779
Market share (per cent)
Developing countries
of which:26.3 26.2 22.2 23.9 23.8 25.7 24.3 25.6 26.4
Africa 1.9 2.0 1.9 2.3 2.0 2.4 2.6 2.3 1.6
Developing Asia 4.7 5.4 2.8 3.7 3.0 4.0 4.2 5.5 5.7
Latin America & the Caribbean 19.7 18.6 17.2 17.5 18.4 19.0 17.4 17.8 19.1
Other developing countries 0.1 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.0
World 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100
Export volume (thousand tonnes)
Developing countries
of which:1,271 1,246 1,031 1,144 1,175 1,275 1,169 1,442 1,329
Africa 68 73 80 107 92 115 102 101 63
Developing Asia 284 396 206 286 246 309 281 462 459
Latin America & the Caribbean 916 762 725 731 821 841 779 874 804
Other developing countries 4 15 19 21 16 10 7 5 3
World 3,995 4,633 4,877 4,762 5,011 5,078 4,925 5,640 5,403
Export volume index (1990=100)
Developing countries
of which:100 98 81 90 92 100 92 113 105
Africa 100 107 118 157 135 170 150 149 92
Developing Asia 100 140 73 101 87 109 99 163 162
Latin America & the Caribbean 100 83 79 80 90 92 85 95 88
Other developing countries 100 360 469 502 395 243 159 134 69
World 100 116 122 119 125 127 123 141 135G/AG/NG/S/ 11/Add.2
Page 12Table 10 – Developing countries' exports of pigmeat, 1990-98
1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998
Export value (million US$)
Developing countries,
of which:1,180 1,594 1,490 1,606 1,931 2,372 2,457 1,274 1,049
A f r i c a 445669 1 098
Developing Asia 1,140 1,490 1,313 1,405 1,698 2,144 2,152 858 687
Latin America & the Caribbean 35 54 109 125 130 168 242 321 340
Other developing countries 1 47 62 70 97 52 51 87 14
World 4,436 4,701 4,452 4,921 5,888 6,864 7,737 6,983 6,047
Market share (per cent)
Developing countries
of which:26.6 33.9 33.5 32.6 32.8 34.6 31.8 18.2 17.4
Africa 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1
Developing Asia 25.7 31.7 29.5 28.6 28.8 31.2 27.8 12.3 11.4
Latin America & the Caribbean 0.8 1.2 2.5 2.5 2.2 2.4 3.1 4.6 5.6
Other developing countries 0.0 1.0 1.4 1.4 1.6 0.8 0.7 1.2 0.2
World 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100
Export volume (thousand tonnes)
Developing countries
of which:493 671 529 586 700 756 768 541 534
A f r i c a 323334644
Developing Asia 470 600 426 462 553 646 616 346 352
Latin America & the Caribbean 20 29 55 59 57 67 111 133 169
Other developing countries 0 39 44 63 87 38 35 58 9
World 1,751 1,890 1,559 1,895 2,315 2,418 2,674 2,757 2,880
Export volume index (1990=100)
Developing countries
of which:100 136 107 119 142 153 156 110 108
Africa 100 79 98 106 112 166 219 158 147
Developing Asia 100 128 91 98 118 138 131 74 75
Latin America & the Caribbean 100 146 279 297 289 340 562 671 854
Other developing countries 100 10,253 11,645 16,407 22,903 9,882 9,234 15,223 2,347
World 100 108 89 108 132 138 153 157 165G/AG/NG/S/ 11/Add.2
Page 13Table 11 – Developing countries' exports of poultry meat, 1990-98
1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998
Export value (million US$)
Developing countries,
of which:956 1,216 1,387 1,546 1,932 2,401 3,004 2,523 2,567
A f r i c a 7 6 81 31 0 7 81 41 7
Developing Asia 537 712 841 872 1,189 1,652 2,019 1,899 1,675
Latin America & the Caribbean 384 469 511 627 688 712 942 578 848
Other developing countries 27 29 26 34 45 30 35 32 27
World 2,589 3,041 3,365 3,765 4,725 5,967 7,171 6,612 6,361
Market share (per cent)
Developing countries
of which:36.9 40.0 41.2 41.1 40.9 40.2 41.9 38.2 40.4
Africa 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.4 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.3
Developing Asia 20.8 23.4 25.0 23.2 25.2 27.7 28.2 28.7 26.3
Latin America & the Caribbean 14.8 15.4 15.2 16.6 14.6 11.9 13.1 8.7 13.3
Other developing countries 1.0 1.0 0.8 0.9 0.9 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.4
World 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100
Export volume (thousand tonnes)
Developing countries
of which:661 757 893 1,098 1,210 1,386 1,828 1,697 1,915
A f r i c a 53496336 1 1
Developing Asia 306 371 464 529 656 897 1,191 1,217 1,204
Latin America & the Caribbean 343 374 418 549 532 479 625 466 693
Other developing countries 7 9 7 12 15 8 9 9 7
World 1,954 2,117 2,453 3,021 3,607 4,548 5,395 5,590 5,848
Export volume index(1990=100)
Developing countries
of which:100 115 135 166 183 210 277 257 290
Africa 100 62 98 191 141 69 76 126 237
Developing Asia 100 121 152 173 215 293 389 398 394
Latin America & the Caribbean 100 109 122 160 155 140 182 136 202
Other developing countries 100 115 100 168 206 103 127 115 97
World 100 108 126 155 185 233 276 286 299G/AG/NG/S/ 11/Add.2
Page 14Table 12 – Developing countries' exports of dairy products and eggs, 1990-98
1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998
Export value (million US$)
Developing countries,
of which:723 776 800 927 1,133 1,353 1,544 1,629 1,538
Africa 60 65 68 96 83 93 102 108 115
Developing Asia 419 504 548 549 684 738 886 891 740
Latin America & the Caribbean 224 179 159 253 336 500 532 606 671
Other developing countries 20 28 25 29 29 22 25 24 12
World 8,471 8,640 9,786 9,853 10,124 12,499 13,065 13,551 12,512
Market share (per cent)
Developing countriesof which: 8.5 9.0 8.2 9.4 11.2 10.8 11.8 12.0 12.3
Africa 0.7 0.8 0.7 1.0 0.8 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.9
Developing Asia 4.9 5.8 5.6 5.6 6.8 5.9 6.8 6.6 5.9
Latin America & the Caribbean 2.6 2.1 1.6 2.6 3.3 4.0 4.1 4.5 5.4
Other developing countries 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1
World 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100G/AG/NG/S/ 11/Add.2
Page 15Table 13 – Developing countries' exports of fruit and vegetables, 1990-98
1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998
Export value (million US$)
Developing countries,
of which:19,723 20,659 21,470 20,849 23,192 26,413 27,142 26,190 26,242
Africa 1,869 2,070 2,100 1,979 2,059 2,590 2,572 2,516 2,592
Developing Asia 9,377 10,189 10,520 10,562 11,844 12,682 12,844 11,878 11,355
Latin America & the Caribbean 7,642 7,643 8,210 7,710 8,672 10,355 11,005 11,147 11,665
Other developing countries 834 757 641 598 618 786 722 649 630
World 31,540 33,259 34,951 34,699 39,523 44,170 45,547 44,643 44,671
Market share (per cent)
Developing countriesof which: 62.5 62.1 61.4 60.1 58.7 59.8 59.6 58.7 58.7
Africa 5.9 6.2 6.0 5.7 5.2 5.9 5.6 5.6 5.8
Developing Asia 29.7 30.6 30.1 30.4 30.0 28.7 28.2 26.6 25.4
Latin America & the Caribbean 24.2 23.0 23.5 22.2 21.9 23.4 24.2 25.0 26.1
Other developing countries 2.6 2.3 1.8 1.7 1.6 1.8 1.6 1.5 1.4
World 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100
Note:  Includes nuts, pulses and cassava.G/AG/NG/S/ 11/Add.2
Page 16
SECTION III
Developing countries' performance in the trade of primary and value-added agricultural
products
Table 14 -  Growth of the value of exports of primary and value-added agricultural products,
1990-98 (per cent)
Stage in value-
added chainAverage annual
export growth
in 1990-98
(per cent)
Total agricultural products
+                 1.9World++                 5.8
+                 3.0Developing countries++                 6.4
Cereals, pulses, cassava
+1 . 6World++ 7.3
+8 . 2Developing countries++ 8.8
Sugar & products
+- 3 . 8World++ 5.0
+- 5 . 9Developing countries++  8.9
Dairy products & eggs
+n aWorld++ 5.3
+n aDeveloping countries++ 10.5
Meat & live animals
+ n aWorld++ 4.2
+ n aDeveloping countries++ 3.2
Fruit & vegetables
+ n a
fresh 5.5 World
processed 4.1
+n a
fresh 5.8 Developing countries
processed 2.5
Oilseeds, vegetable oils &
cakes
+6 . 1World++ 8.4
+5 . 2Developing countries++ 7.9G/AG/NG/S/ 11/Add.2
Page 17
Table 14 (cont'd.)
Stage in value-
added chainAverage annual
export growth
in 1990-98
(per cent)
Natural fibres & rubber
+- 1 . 7World++  na
+- 2 . 7Developing countries++  na
Coffee, tea, cocoa
+5 . 8World++ 8.7
+5 . 5Developing countries++ 6.8
Nuts
+5 . 6World++ 5.4
+5 . 1Developing countries++ 5.6
Spices
+6 . 0World++  na
+7 . 1Developing countries++  na
Tobacco & products
+3 . 1World++ 2.8
+4 . 4Developing countries++ 9.0
Beverages
+ n aWorld++ 6.6
+ n aDeveloping countries++ 11.3
Hides & skins
+ n aWorld++ -0.2
+ n aDeveloping countries++ 2.6
Notes: (1) "+ "  denotes primary agricultural product.
       "++" denotes value-added or processed agricultural product.
  "na" denotes not applicable.(2) See Annex 1 for a list of developing countries.  In this table, Israel, Malta and Romania are 
not included amongst the developing countries.
(3) Data are net of intra-EC trade.  EC data refer to the EC(15) as from 1986.
Source: FAO (1999), "FAOSTAT Statistics Database" at www.fao.org.G/AG/NG/S/ 11/Add.2
Page 18
Table 15 -  Growth of the value of exports of primary and value-added agricultural products,
1990-98 (per cent)
Average annual export growth (per cent) Stage in
value-added
chain 1990-94 1994-97 1994-98
Total agricultural products
+ 0.5 7.6 3.3World++ 7.5 7.0 4.1
+ 1.5 7.4 4.6Developing countries++ 8.6 6.9 4.3
Cereals, pulses, cassava
+ -1.3 8.3 4.5World++ 8.7 11.5 5.9
+ 6.7 9.8 9.7Developing countries++ 14.1 14.4 3.7
Sugar & products
+ -12.3 8.4 5.5World++ 4.3 7.7 5.6
+ -14.8 7.8 3.9Developing countries++ 6.5 11.8 11.3
Dairy products & eggs
+ na na naWorld++ 5.4 9.9 5.2
+ na na naDeveloping countries++ 12.3 13.7 8.8
Meat & live animals
+ na na naWorld++ 6.6 5.3 1.9
+ na na naDeveloping countries++ 6.9 0.7 -0.3
Fruit & vegetables
+ na na na
fresh 6.9 5.4 4.0 World
processed 5.0 3.9 3.2
+ na na na
fresh 6.1 6.9 5.5 Developing countries
processed 2.8 3.0 2.1
Oilseeds, vegetable oils &
cakes
+ 6.6 12.2 5.7World++ 9.9 10.2 6.8
+ 4.3 4.8 6.0Developing countries++ 10.7 8.9 5.2G/AG/NG/S/ 11/Add.2
Page 19
Table 15 (cont'd.)
Average annual export growth (per cent) Stage in
value-added
chain 1990-94 1994-97 1994-98
Natural fibres & rubber
+ 0.2 3.1 -3.5World++ na na na
+ -1.2 4.4 -4.1Developing countries++ na na na
Coffee, tea, cocoa
+ 5.9 8.3 5.6World++ 12.5 9.9 5.0
+ 5.7 7.9 5.2Developing countries++ 8.5 10.2 5.2
Nuts
+ 10.0 -0.4 1.3World++ 8.8 4.1 2.0
+ 11.2 -3.4 -0.7Developing countries++ 8.4 4.1 2.8
Spices
+ 4.8 8.9 7.2World++ na na na
+ 4.3 12.2 10.0Developing countries++ na na na
Tobacco & products
+ 1.2 9.3 5.0World++ 5.6 3.3 0.1
+ 3.1 11.3 5.8Developing countries++ 16.7 5.8 1.8
Beverages
+ na na naWorld++ 9.5 6.3 3.7
+ na na naDeveloping countries++ 17.2 8.7 5.7
Hides & skins
+ na na naWorld++ -0.5 6.7 0.1
+ na na naDeveloping countries++ 1.6 4.9 3.6
Notes: (1) "+ "  denotes primary agricultural product.
       "++" denotes value-added or processed agricultural product.
  "na" denotes not applicable.(2) See Annex 1 for a list of developing countries.  In this table, Israel, Malta and Romania are 
not included amongst the developing countries.
(3) Data are net of intra-EC trade.  EC data refer to the EC(15) as from 1986.
Source: FAO (1999), "FAOSTAT Statistics Database" at www.fao.org.G/AG/NG/S/ 11/Add.2
Page 20Table 16 -  Exports of primary and value-added agricultural products, 1990-98 (million US$)
Stage in
value-
added
chain1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998
Total agricultural products
World + 84,008 76,280 80,143 73,415 85,656 101,347 110,090  106,722 97,559
++ 132,579 137,359 149,733 153,945 177,202 203,550 213,468 217,320 208,036
Developing + 42,094 39,237 37,391 35,62 6 44,593 50,606 52,950 55,281 53,287
++ 49,520 52,860 57,295 58,631 68, 923 80,960 84,283 84,223 81,585
Cereals, pulses, cassava
World + 30,581 27,114 32,724 28,647 29,069 35,435 41,411 36,893 34,611
++ 7,139 7,699 8,741 9,095 9,967 12, 033 13,723 13,805 12,557
Developing + 7,284 7,460 9,231 8,556 9,459 9,938 10,509 12,524 13,717
++ 1,458 1,751 1,892 2,010 2, 467 3,137 3,733 3,691 2,856
Sugar & products
World + 8,267 5,935 4,710 4,390 4,894 6,695 6,974 6,241 6,052
++ 6,170 5,658 6,600 6,482 7, 315 8,808 9,244 9,145 9,112
Developing + 7,327 5,060 4,002 3,488 3,854 5,269 5,618 4,824 4,498
++ 2,242 2,091 3,065 2,632 2, 883 3,486 3,876 4,032 4,426
Dairy products & eggs
World + na na na na na na na na na
++ 8,557 8,790 10,003 10,128 10,56 2 12,954 13,580 14,010 12,936
D e v e l o p i n g + n an a n an an an an a n an a
++ 714 760 790 918 1,135 1,373 1,580 1,666 1,591
Meat & live animals
World + na na na na na na na na na
++ 22,908 24,851 26,281 26,540 29, 537 33,407 34,696 34,534 31,876
D e v e l o p i n g + n an a n an an an an a n an a
++ 6,820 7,584 7,470 7,974 8,914 10,437 10,400 9,089 8,792G/AG/NG/S/ 11/Add.2
Page 21Table 16 (cont'd.)
Stage in
value-
added
chain1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998
Fruit & vegetables
World + na na na na na na na na na
fresh 14,070 15,577 16,080 16,230 18,401 20,863 21,297 21,576 21,550
processed 10,889 10,981 11,774 11,45 8 13,228 14,926 15,619 14,821 15,022
Developing + na na na na na na na na na
fresh 8,208 9,202 9,485  9,449 10, 407 12,184 12,452 12,698 12,873
processed 6,233 6,250 6,523 6,098 6,973  8,071 8,635 7,619 7,568
Oilseeds, vegetable oils &
cakes
World + 7,742 7,809 8,121 8,604 10,00 2 10,558 13,398 14,140 12,475
++ 15,064 15,465 17,398 17,282 21, 984 26,336 25,908 29,399 28,620
Developing + 2,849 2,620 2,457 2,485 3,375 2,645 3,206 3,885 4,266
++ 10,708 10,993 12,070 12,386 16, 079 18,875 18,669 20,773 19,712
Natural fibres & rubber
World + 18,510 16,362 16,734 14,129 18,629 23,459 22,619 20,438 16,139
++ na na na na na na na na na
Developing + 9,371 8,719 7,982 7,226 8,929 11,894 12,446 10,156 7,537
++ na na na na na na na na na
Coffee, tea, cocoa
World + 11,599 10,721 9,127 9,711 14, 595 16,438 15,481 18,544 18,169
++ 3,798 3,746 4,359 4,963 6, 084 7,292 7,794 8,084 7,403
Developing + 11,011 10,214 8,625 9,109 13,742 15,548 14,627 17,251 16,836
++ 1,477 1,430 1,492 1,631 2, 045 2,426 2,589 2,734 2,506
Nuts
World + 1,058 1,257 1,349 1,385 1,551 1,602 1,716 1,532 1,635
++ 1,716 1,718 1,801 2,049 2, 406 2,539 2,647 2,716 2,604
Developing + 800 957 1,034 1,073 1,224 1,196 1,288 1,104 1,191
++ 1,002 953 999 1,167 1,383 1,496 1,327 1,560 1,544G/AG/NG/S/ 11/Add.2
Page 22
Table 16 (cont'd.)
Stage in
value-
added
chain1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998
Spices
World + 1,455 1,500 1,554 1,489 1,751 2,015 2,021 2,262 2,311
++ na na na na na na na na na
Developing + 1,065 1,081 1,104 1,043 1,263 1,493 1,505 1,781 1,847
++ na na na na na na na na na
Tobacco & products
World + 4,465 5,246 5,467 4,661 4,688 4,684 5,927 6,126 5,688
++ 9,397 9,422 10,665 10,852 11,67 2 11,993 13,379 12,870 11,729
Developing + 2,332 3,050 2,875 2,559 2,631 2,522 3,648 3,626 3,294
++ 2,445 2,946 3,723 4,151 4, 541 5,167 6,043 5,378 4,882
Beverages
World + na na na na na na na na na
++ 11,771 12,409 14,015 14,389 16, 951 18,855 19,437 20,360 19,586
D e v e l o p i n g + n an a n an an an an a n an a
++ 1,723 2,273 2,506 2,669 3, 255 3,821 3,913 4,183 4,059
Hides & skins
World + na na na na na na na na na
++ 4,911 3,816 3,798 3,889 4, 823 5,493 5,878 5,861 4,844
D e v e l o p i n g + n an a n an an an an a n an a
++ 814 548 556 635 867 1,009 980 1,002  998
Notes: (1)"+ "  denotes primary agricultural product.
    "++" denotes higher value or processed agricultural product.
    "na" denotes not applicable.(2) See Annex 1 for a list of developing countries.  In this ta ble, Israel, Malta and Romania are not included amongst the deve loping countries.
(3) Data are net of intra-EC trade.  EC data refer to the EC(15) as from 1986.
Source: FAO (1999), "FAOSTAT Statistics Database" at www.fao.org.G/AG/NG/S/ 11/Add.2
Page 23
Annex 1 – FAO list of developing countries (as modified)
Afghanistan *
Algeria
Amer. Samoa
AngolaAnguillaAntigua & BarbudaArgentina
Aruba
BahamasBahrain *Bangladesh *BarbadosBelize
Benin
BermudaBhutan *BoliviaBotswanaBouvet Is
Br Ind Oc Tr
Br Virgin IsBrazilBrunei Dar. *Burkina Faso
Burundi
China *Cambodia *CameroonCanton IsCape Verde
Cayman Is
Central Afric. Rep.ChadChileHong Kong, China*Christmas Is
Cocos Is
ColombiaComorosCongo, Dem. Rep.Congo, Rep
Cook Is
Costa Rica
Côte d'IvoireCubaCyprus *Djibouti
Dominica
Dominican RpEast Timor *EcuadorEgyptEl Salvador
Eq Guinea
EritreaEthiopiaEthiopia PdrFalkland IsFiji Islands
Fr Guiana
Fr PolynesiaFr South Ter
GabonGambia
Gaza Strip *
GhanaGreenlandGrenadaGuadeloupeGuam
Guatemala
GuineaGuinea-BissauGuyanaHaitiHeard Is
Honduras
India *Indonesia *Iran *Iraq *
Israel
Jamaica
Johnston IsJordan *KenyaKiribati
Korea D P Rp *
Korea *Kuwait *Laos *Lebanon *Lesotho
Liberia
LibyaMacau *MadagascarMalawiMalaysia *
Maldives *
MaliMaltaMarshall IsMartinique
Mauritania
MauritiusMayotteMexicoMicronesiaMidway Is
Mongolia *
MontserratMoroccoMozambiqueMyanmar *N Marianas
Namibia
NauruNepal *Neth. AntillesNew Caledonia
Nicaragua
Niger
NigeriaNiueNorfolk IsOman *
Pacific Is
Pakistan *PalauPanamaPapua N. GuineaParaguay
Peru
Philippines *Pitcairn IsPuerto RicoQatar *Reunion
Romania
RwandaSamoaSao Tome PrincipeSaudi Arabia *
Senegal
SeychellesSierra LeoneSingapore *Solomon IsSomalia
South Africa
SouthgeorgiaSri Lanka *St HelenaSt Kitts & NevisSt Lucia
St Pier Mq
St VincentSudanSurinameSwaziland
Syria *
Tanzania
Thailand *TogoTokelauTonga
Trinidad & Tobago
TunisiaTurkey *Turks CaicosTuvaluUS Virgin Is
Uganda
United Arab Emir.*UruguayUs Minor IsVanuatuVenezuela
Viet Nam *
Wake IsWallis Fut IWestern SaharaYemen *
Zambia
Zimbabwe
Notes:
(1)  The FAO list of developing countries has been modified to include Israel, Malta, Romania and South
Africa.
(2)   Developing countries that are included in the region of "Developing Asia" (see Sections I and II) are
indicated by an asterisk.
Source:  FAO.G/AG/NG/S/ 11/Add.2
Page 24
Annex 2 – Classification into primary and value-added agricultural products
++ BV Rice Fermented
Beverages++ CE Germ of Maize ++ CE Food Prep.Flour,Malt
Ext
++ BV Beer of Barley ++ CE Flour of Maize ++ CE Flour of Potatoes
++ BV Must of Grapes ++ CE Bran of Maize ++ CE Potato Tapioca
++ BV Wine ++ CE Oil of Maize + CE Cassava
++ BV Vermouths and Similar ++ CE Cake of Maize ++ CE Flour of Cassava
++ BV Marc of Grapes + CE Rye ++ CE Cassava Tapioca
++ BV Waters,Ice, etc. ++ CE Flour of Rye + CE Cassava Dried
++ BV Beverages Non-
Alcoholic++ CE Bran of Rye + CE Yautia (Cocoyam)
++ BV Beverages Dist
Alcoholic+ CE Oats + CE Taro (Coco Yam)
+ CE Wheat ++ CE Oats, Rolled + CE Yams
++ CE Flour of Wheat ++ CE Bran of Oats + CE Roots and Tubers nes
++ CE Bran of Wheat + CE Millet ++ CE Flour of Roots and
Tuber
++ CE Macaroni ++ CE Flour of Millet + CE Roots and Tubers
Dried
++ CE Germ of Wheat ++ CE Bran of Millet + CE Beans, Dry
++ CE Bread + CE Sorghum + CE Broad Beans, Dry
++ CE Bulgur, Wholemeal ++ CE Flour of Sorghum + CE Peas, Dry
++ CE Pastry ++ CE Bran of Sorghum + CE Chick-Peas
+ CE Rice, Paddy + CE Buckwheat + CE Cow Peas, Dry
+ CE Rice, Husked ++ CE Flour of Buckwheat + CE Pigeon Peas
+ CE Milled/Husked Rice + CE Quinoa + CE Lentils
+ CE Milled Paddy Rice + CE Fonio + CE Bambara Beans
+ CE Rice, Broken + CE Triticale + CE Vetches
++ CE Bran of Rice ++ CE Flour of Triticale + CE Lupins
++ CE Oil of Rice Bran ++ CE Bran of Triticale + CE Pulses nes
++ CE Cake of Rice Bran + CE Canary Seed ++ CE Flour of Pulses
++ CE Rice Flour + CE Mixed Grain ++ CE Bran of Pulses
++ CE Breakfast Cereals ++ CE Flour of Mixed
Grain+ CO Coffee, Green
+ CE Barley ++ CE Bran of Mixed Grain ++ CO Coffee Roasted
+ CE Pot Barley + CE Cereals nes ++ CO Coffee Subst Cont
Coffee
+ CE Barley, Pearled ++ CE Infant Food ++ CO Coffee Extracts
++ CE Bran of Barley ++ CE Wafers + CO Coffee Husks and
Skins
++ CE Barley Flour and Grits ++ CE Flour of Cereals + CO Cocoa Beans
++ CE Malt of Barley ++ CE Bran of Cereals ++ CO Cocoa Paste
++ CE Malt Extracts ++ CE Cereal Prep nes + CO Cocoa Husks+Shell
+ CE Maize ++ CE Mixes and Doughs ++ CO Cocoa ButterG/AG/NG/S/ 11/Add.2
Page 25
Annex 2 (cont'd.)
++ CO Cocoa Powder and
Cake++ DA Eggs Liquid Hen + FI Flax Fibre Raw
++ CO Chocolate Products nes ++ DA Eggs Dry Whole Yolks
Hen+ FI Flax Fibre and Tow
+ CO Tea ++ DA Eggs, excluding Hen + FI Flax Tow Waste
+ CO Mate ++ FE Fruit Pulp for Feed + FI Hemp Fibre and Tow
++ CO Extract Tea,Mate, Prep. + FE Cane Tops + FI Kapok Fibre
+ CO Tea nes + FE Straw, Husks + FI Jute
++ DA Cow Milk, Whole,
Fresh+ FE Maize for
Forage+Silage+ FI Jute-Like Fibres
++ DA Cream, Fresh + FE Alfalfa for
Forage+Silag+F I R a m i e
++ DA Butter of Cow Milk + FE Turnips for Fodder + FI Sisal
++ DA Ghee (From Cow Milk) + FE Beets for Fodder + FI Agave Fibres nes
++ DA Skim Milk of Cows + FE Swedes for Fodder + FI Abaca (Manila Hemp)
++ DA Whole
Milk,Condensed+ FE Leaves and Tops, Vines + FI Coir
++ DA Whey, Condensed + FE Forage Products nes + FI Fibre Crops nes
++ DA Yoghurt ++ FE Veg Products for Feed + FI Natural Rubber
++ DA Yogurt Concentr.Or
Not++ FE Food Wastes + FI Rubber Natural Dry
++ DA Butterm,Curdl,Acid.Mi
lk++ FE Dregs from
Brewing+Dist.+ FI Natural Gums
++ DA Whole Milk,
Evaporated+ FE Vegetables+Roots,Fodd
er+ FI Wool, Greasy
++ DA Skim Milk, Evaporated ++ FE Compound Feed, Cattle + FI Wool, Scoured
++ DA Skim Milk, Condensed ++ FE Compound Feed,
Poultry+ FI Grease Incl Lanolin
Wool
++ DA Dry Whole Cow Milk ++ FE Compound Feed, Pigs + FI Wool Shoddy
++ DA Dry Skim Cow Milk ++ FE Pet Food + FI Hair Carded or Combed
++ DA Dry Buttermilk ++ FE Compound Feed,Oth or
nes+ FI Wool and Hair Waste
++ DA Dry Whey ++ FE Gluten Feed and Meal + FI Fine Goat Hair
++ DA Cheese (Whole Cow
Milk)++ FE Feed Supplements + FI Coarse Goat Hair
++ DA Whey, Fresh ++ FE Other Concentrates, nes + FI Hair of Horses
++ DA Cheese (Skim Cow
Milk)++ FE Vitamins + FI Cocoons, Reelable
++ DA Whey Cheese ++ FE Feed Additives + FI Silk, Raw and Waste
++ DA Processed Cheese + FE Hay Non-Leguminous + FI Cocoons, Unreelable
++ DA Prod.Of Nat.Milk
Constit+F E H a y
(Clover,Lucerne,etc)+ FI Hair Fine Animal
++ DA Ice Cream and Edible
Ice+ FE Hay (Unspecified) + FI Hair Coarse nes
++ DA Ghee (From Buffalo
Milk)++ FE Alfalfa Meal and Pellets ++ FV Potatoes
++ DA Butter+Ghee (Sheep
Milk)+ FI Cotton Lint ++ FV Potatoes, frozen
++ DA Cheese of Sheep Milk + FI Cotton Carded Combed ++ FV Sweet Potatoes
++ DA Cheese of Goat Milk + FI Cotton Waste ++ FV Cabbages
++ DA Hen Eggs + FI Cotton Linter ++ FV ArtichokesG/AG/NG/S/ 11/Add.2
Page 26
Annex 2 (cont'd.)
++ FV Asparagus ++ FV Vegetables Pr by
Vinegar++ FV Stone Fruit nes, Fresh
++ FV Lettuce ++ FV Vegetables Prepared
nes++ FV Strawberries
++ FV Spinach ++ FV Vegetables Frozen ++ FV Raspberries
++ FV Tomatoes ++ FV Veg. in Temp
Preservativ++ FV Gooseberries
++ FV Tomatojuice
Concentrated++ FV Veg.Prep or
Pres.Frozen++ FV Currants
++ FV Tomatojuice Single-
Stren++ FV Homogenized Veget.
Prep.++ FV Blueberries
++ FV Tomato Paste ++ FV Bananas ++ FV Cranberries
++ FV Peeled Tomatoes ++ FV Plantains ++ FV Berries nes
++ FV Cauliflower ++ FV Oranges ++ FV Grapes
++ FV Pumpkins, Squash,
Gourds++ FV Oranjuice Single-
Strengt++ FV Raisins
++ FV Cucumbers and
Gherkins++ FV Oranjuice Concentrated ++ FV Grape Juice
++ FV Eggplants ++ FV Tang.Mand.Clement.Sa
tsma++ FV Watermelons
++ FV Chillies&Peppers,
Green++ FV Tangerine Juice ++ FV Cantaloupes&oth Melons
++ FV Onions+Shallots,
Green++ FV Lemons and Limes ++ FV Figs
++ FV Onions, Dry ++ FV Lemonjuice Single-
Streng++ FV Figs, Dried
++ FV Garlic ++ FV Lemonjuice
Concentrated++ FV Mangoes
++ FV Leeks and
Oth.Alliac.Veg++ FV Grapefruit and Pomelos ++ FV Avocados
++ FV Beans, Green ++ FV Grapefruitjuice Sing-Str ++ FV Pineapples
++ FV Peas, Green ++ FV Grapefruitjuice
Concentr++ FV Pineapples, Canned
++ FV Broad Beans, Green ++ FV Citrus Fruit nes ++ FV Pineapplejuice Sing-Stre
++ FV String Beans ++ FV Citrusjuice Single-Stren ++ FV Dates
++ FV Carrots ++ FV Citrusjuice
Concentrated++ FV Pineapplejuice Concentr.
++ FV Okra ++ FV Apples ++ FV Mango Juice
++ FV Green Corn (Maize) ++ FV Ferm. Beverages Exc
Wine++ FV Mango Pulp
++ FV Sweet Corn Frozen ++ FV Applejuice Single
Streng++ FV Persimmons
++ FV Sweet Corn Prep. or
Pres++ FV Applejuice
Concentrated++ FV Kiwi Fruit
++ FV Mushrooms ++ FV Pears ++ FV Papayas
++ FV Dried Mushrooms ++ FV Quinces ++ FV Fruit Tropical Fresh nes
++ FV Canned Mushrooms ++ FV Apricots ++ FV Fruit Tropical Dried nes
++ FV Chicory Roots ++ FV Dry Apricots ++ FV Fruit Fresh nes
++ FV Veg Prod Fresh or
Dried++ FV Sour Cherries ++ FV Fruit Dried nes
++ FV Carobs ++ FV Cherries ++ FV Fruit Juice nes
++ FV Vegetables Fresh nes ++ FV Peaches and Nectarines ++ FV Fruit Prepared nes
++ FV Juice of Vegetables nes ++ FV Plums ++ FV Flour of Fruit
++ FV Vegetables Dehydrated ++ FV Plums, Dried (Prunes) ++ FV Fruit,Nut,Peel,Sugar PrsG/AG/NG/S/ 11/Add.2
Page 27
Annex 2 (cont'd.)
++ FV Homogen.Cooked
Fruit Pre++ ME Beef Dried Salt
Smoked++ ME Offals Liver Geese
++ HI Cattle Hides, Fresh ++ ME Meat Extracts ++ ME Offals Liver Ducks
++ HI Hides Wet-Salted
Cattle++ ME Sausages Beef and
Veal++ ME Turkeys
++ HI Hides Dry-Salted
Cattle++ ME Beef Preparations ++ ME Turkey Meat
++ HI Hides nes Cattle ++ ME Homogenized Meat
Prep.++ ME Offals Liver Turkeys
++ HI Skins Wet-Salt Calves ++ ME Liver Preparations ++ ME Pigeons Other Birds
++ HI Skins Dry-Salt Calves ++ ME Buffaloes ++ ME Meat of Pigeon
Oth.Birds
++ HI Skins nes Calves ++ ME Buffalo Meat ++ ME Horses
++ HI Hides Wet-Salted
Buffal++ ME Sheep ++ ME Horsemeat
++ HI Hides Dry-Salted
Buffal++ ME Mutton and Lamb ++ ME Offals of Horse
++ HI Skin Wet-Salted Sheep ++ ME Offals of Sheep,
Edible++ ME Asses
++ HI Skin Dry-Salted Sheep ++ ME Fat of Sheep ++ ME Mules
++ HI Skin nes Sheep ++ ME Goats ++ ME Camels
++ HI Skin With Wool Sheep ++ ME Goat Meat ++ ME Meat of Camels
++ HI Karakul Skins ++ ME Pigs ++ ME Rabbits
++ HI Skins Wet-Salted
Goats++ ME Pigmeat ++ ME Rabbit Meat
++ HI Skins Dry-Salted Goats ++ ME Offals of Pigs,
Edible++ ME Game Meat
++ HI Skins nes Goats ++ ME Fat of Pigs ++ ME Meat, Dried, nes
++ HI Skin Wet-Salted Pigs ++ ME Pork ++ ME Meat nes
++ HI Skin Dry-Salted Pigs ++ ME Bacon-Ham of Pigs ++ ME Offals nes
++ HI Skin nes Pigs ++ ME Pig Butcher Fat ++ ME Animal Oils and Fats
nes
++ HI Hides Wet-Salted
Horses++ ME Sausages Pig Meat ++ ME Live Animals nes
++ HI Hides Dry-Salted
Horses++ ME Meat Preparations
Pigs++ ME Meat Prepared nes
++ HI Hides Unspecified
Horses++ ME Lard ++ ME Meat Meal
++ HI Rabbit Skins ++ ME Chickens ++ ME Beehives
++ HI Fur Skins ++ ME Chicken Meat ++ ME Beeswax
++ HI Hide Wet-Salted ++ ME Offals Liver of
Chickens+ NT Brazil Nuts
++ HI Hide Dry-Salted ++ ME Fat Liver Prep(Foie
Gras)+N T C a s h e w  N u t s
++ HI Hide nes ++ ME Meat Canned
Chicken+ NT Chestnuts
++ HI Leather Used and
Waste++ ME Fat of Poultry + NT Almonds
++ ME Cattle ++ ME Fat of Poultry
Rendered+ NT Walnuts
++ ME Beef and Veal ++ ME Ducks + NT Pistachios
++ ME Offals of Cattle, Edible ++ ME Duck Meat + NT Kolanuts
++ ME Fat of Cattle ++ ME Geese + NT Hazelnuts (Filberts)
++ ME Beef and
Veal,Boneless++ ME Goose Meat + NT Areca Nuts (Betel)G/AG/NG/S/ 11/Add.2
Page 28
Annex 2 (cont'd.)
++ NT Brazilnuts Shelled ++ OI Oil of Sunflower
Seed++ OI Flour/Meal of
Oilseeds
++ NT Cáshew Nuts Shelled ++ OI Cake of Sunflower
Seed++ OI Liquid Margarine
++ NT Almonds Shelled + OI Rapeseed ++ OI Margarine +
Shortening
++ NT Walnuts Shelled ++ OI Oil of Rapeseed ++ OT Lard and Stearine Oil
++ NT Hazelnuts Shelled ++ OI Cake of Rapeseed ++ OT Degras
+ NT Nuts nes + OI Olive Residues ++ OT Tallow
++ NT Preprd
Nuts(Excl.Grnuts)++ OI Oil of Olive
Residues++ OT Food Prepared nes
+ OI Soybeans ++ OI Oil of Tung ++ OT Fat Preparations nes
++ OI Oil of Soya Beans ++ OI Oil of Jojoba ++ OT Food Wastes Prep
Feed
++ OI Cake of Soya Beans + OI Safflower Seed ++ OT Oils Boiled etc
++ OI Soya Sauce ++ OI Oil of Safflower ++ OT Oils Hydrogenated
++ OI Soya Paste + OI Sesame Seed ++ OT Fatty Acids Oils
+ OI Groundnuts in Shell ++ OI Oil of Sesame Seed ++ OT Res Fatty Subst
++ OI Groundnuts Shelled ++ OI Cake of Sesame
Seed++ OT Crude Organic
Materls
++ OI Oil of Groundnuts + OI Mustard Seed ++ OT Spermaceti
++ OI Cake of Groundnuts ++ OI Oil of Mustard Seed ++ OT Waxes Veg
++ OI Prepared Groundnuts ++ OI Cake of Mustard + SG Sugar Cane
++ OI Peanut Butter ++ OI Flour of Mustard + SG Sugar Beets
+ OI Coconuts + OI Poppy Seed ++ SG Maple Sugar and
Syrups
++ OI Coconuts, Dessicated ++ OI Oil of Poppy Seed + SG Sugar (Centrifugal,
Raw)
++ OI Copra + OI Melonseed ++ SG Sugar non Centrifugal
++ OI Oil of Coconuts + OI Kapokseed in Shell ++ SG Sugar Refined
++ OI Cake of Coconuts ++ OI Oil of Kapok ++ SG Molasses
+ OI Palm Kernels ++ OI Cake of Kapok ++ SG Other Fructose and
Syrup
++ OI Oil of Palm + OI Cottonseed ++ SG Sugar and Syrups nes
++ OI Oil of Palm Kernels ++ OI Oil of Cotton Seed ++ SG Sugar Confectionery
++ OI Cake of Palm Kernels ++ OI Cake of Cotton Seed + SG Beet Pulp, Dry
+ OI Olives + OI Linseed + SG Bagasse
++ OI Oil of Olive ++ OI Oil of Linseed ++ SG Glucose and Dextrose
++ OI Olives, Preserved ++ OI Cake of Linseed ++ SG Lactose
+ OI Karite Nuts (Sheanuts) + OI Hempseed ++ SG Isoglucose
++ OI Butter of Karite Nuts ++ OI Cake of Hempseed ++ SG Honey
+ OI Castor Beans + OI Oilseeds nes + SP Hops
++ OI Oil of Castor Beans ++ OI Oil of Veget Origin
nes+ SP Pepper,White/Long/Bl
ack
+ OI Sunflower Seed ++ OI Cakes of Oilseeds
n+B276+ SP Pimento, AllspiceG/AG/NG/S/ 11/Add.2
Page 29
Annex 2 (cont'd.)
+ SP Vanilla
+ SP Cinnamon (Canella)
+ SP Cloves, Whole+Stems
+ SP Nutmeg, Mace,
Cardamons
+ SP Anise, Badian, Fennel
+S P G i n g e r
+ SP Spices nes
+ TO Tobacco Leaves
++ TO Cigarettes
++ TO Cigars Cheroots
++ TO Tobacco Products nes
Key:
+ Primary agricultural product
     ++ Value-added agricultural product
BV Beverages (excl. fruit juices)
CE Cereals, pulses, cassava
CO Coffee, tea and cocoa
DP Dairy products, eggs
FV Fruit and vegetables
FE Other feedstuffs
FI Natural fibres, rubber
HI Hides and skins
ME Meat and live animals
NT Nuts
OI Oilseeds, cakes, vegetable oils
SG Sugar and products
SP Spices
TO Tobacco and products
OT Other (incl. cut flowers)
Source:  Classification based on FAO product listing.
__________