RESTRICTEDWORLD TRADE
ORGANIZATIONWT/ACC/807/27/Add.2
4 October 2002
(02-5334)
Working Party on the Accession of the
Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia
ACCESSION OF THE FORMER YUGOSLAV REPUBLIC OF MACEDONIA
Addendum
Schedule CLIV – Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia
Part II – Schedule of Specific Commitments in Services
List of Article II MFN Exemptions
As indicated in paragraph 256 of the Report on the Working Party on the Accession of the
Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia (WT/ACC/807/27), the Schedule of Specific Commitments
on Services resulting from the negotiations between the Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia and
WTO Members is annexed to the draft Protocol of Accession of the Former Yugoslav Republic of
Macedonia and is reproduced hereunder.WT/ACC/807/27/Add.2
Page 2Modes of supply: (1)  Cross border supply (2)  Consumption abroad (3)  Commercial presence (4)  Presence of natural persons
Sector or Sub-Sector Limitations on Market Access Limitations on National Treatment Additional Commitments
I. HORIZONTAL COMMITMENTS
All sectors
CPC codes inscribed in this schedule are those
contained in document:
Statistical Papers Series M No. 77, 
Provisional Central Product Classification,Department of International Economic and SocialAffairs, Statistical Office of the United Nations,New York, 1991.
Commercial Presence
In order to supply services, foreign service
provider is required to be registered in
FYROM as a sole proprietor, a tradingcompany
1, or as a branch. A representative
office registered in FYROM cannot conductbusiness operations.
                                                     
1 Pursuant to Article 16 from the Law on Trading Companies:
A trading company is an association of two or more natural or legal persons that make monetary or non-monetary contributions or  contribute rights in property which are
used for joint operations and who share the profit or losses from such operations.
A trading company shall be an independent and permanent legal person which undertakes activities for the purpose of realizing p rofit.
A trading company may be incorporated by one person (company incorporated by a single person) as provided by this Law.The Law on Trading Companies, Article 18, offers the following forms of trading companies: 1) General Partnership; 2) Limited P artnership; 3) Limited Liability
Company; 4) Joint-Stock Company; or 5) Limited Stock Partnership.WT/ACC/807/27/Add.2
Page 3Modes of supply: (1)  Cross border supply (2)  Consumption abroad (3)  Commercial presence (4)  Presence of natural persons
Sector or Sub-Sector Limitations on Market Access Limitations on National Treatment Additional Commitments
Temporary Entry and Stay of Natural
Persons
Unbound, except:
For the entry and temporary stay of natural
persons who  fall into one of the followingcategories:Unbound except for the categories in the
Market Access column.
(i) Intracorporate transferees
Natural persons being temporarily
transferred to supply services through
commercial presence in the territory ofFYROM.  Intracorporate transferees arepersons occupying senior managerial orexecutive positions.  This category alsoincludes specialists - natural persons
possessing high or uncommon qualifications
or knowledge essential for the functioning ofthe company, which are important to theservices that the company supplies, and whoposses knowledge of the organization's
services, research equipment, techniques or
management.
For temporary stay of
intracorporate transferees a temporaryresidence clearance is valid up to three years
and is renewable upon request up to two
years.WT/ACC/807/27/Add.2
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Sector or Sub-Sector Limitations on Market Access Limitations on National Treatment Additional Commitments
(ii) Business visitors
Natural persons who stay
temporarily in FYROM in order to conclude
the contract for the sale of a service on behalf
of the enterprise they are employed ormandated for or participate in businessmeetings, fairs and other similar activities.Business visitors are persons not based in
FYROM and receiving no remuneration from
a source located in FYROM, who are engagedin activities related to representing a servicessupplier for the purpose of negotiating for thesale of the services of that supplier.  Thoserepresentatives cannot be engaged in making
direct sales to the general public or in
supplying services themselves.
The duration of temporary stay for
business visitors is limited to 90 days with thepossibility of renewal upon request.
Real Estate and Land Rights
(1) Unbound(2) Unbound(3) None for ownership of buildings of
foreign providers registered inFYROM as sole proprietor or tradecompany.
(4) Unbound
Subsidies
(1) (2) (3) (4) Eligibility for subsidies
reserved for national services and servicesuppliers.WT/ACC/807/27/Add.2
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Sector or Sub-Sector Limitations on Market Access Limitations on National Treatment Additional Commitments
II. COMMITMENTS IN SPECIFIC SECTORS
1. BUSINESS SERVICES
A. Professional Services
(a) Legal services
- Consultancy on home country, foreign andinternational law(part of CPC 861)(1) None
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the
Horizontal Section(1) None
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the
Horizontal Section
(b) Accounting and bookkeeping services
(CPC 86212, 86213, 86219 and 8622)(1) None
(2) None
(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the
Horizontal Section(1) None
(2) None
(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the
Horizontal Section
(b) Auditing services
(CPC 86211)(1) (2) Concluding a contract with a
domestic audit company is required.Foreign company must be registered inits own country for providing auditing
services.
(3) A foreign auditing company can
establish only one auditing company in
FYROM.If the foreign company is not registeredin its own country for providingauditing services, its participation inthe total capital of the new established
auditing company in FYROM cannot
exceed 25%.Auditing report must be officiallyproduced by an auditing company, notby an employee or a contracted auditoras a natural person.
(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the
Horizontal Section(1) (2) A foreign audit company not
registered in FYROM, butregistered to conduct audit in thecountry where its main office is
located, may perform audit in
FYROM only on a contract basis incooperation with a domestic auditcompany.
(3) An auditing company must employ
at least two auditors licensed in
FYROM.
(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the
Horizontal SectionWT/ACC/807/27/Add.2
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(c) Taxation services
(CPC 863)(1) None
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the
Horizontal Section(1) None
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the
Horizontal Section
(d) Architectural services
(CPC 8671)
(e) Engineering services
(CPC 8672)
(f) Integrated engineering services
(CPC 8673)(1) None
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the
Horizontal Section(1) None
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the
Horizontal Section
(g) Urban planning and landscape architectural
services
(CPC 8674)(1) None
(2) None
(3) Unbound(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the
Horizontal Section(1) None
(2) None
(3) Unbound(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the
Horizontal Section
(h) Medical and dental services
(CPC 9312)(1) (2) (3) (4) Unbound (1) (2) (3) (4) Unbound The reform process is
ongoing.  FYROM willnegotiate taking commitments
after 1 January 2004.
(i) Veterinary services
(CPC 932)(1) None
(2) None
(3) Unbound(4) Unbound(1) None
(2) None
(3) Unbound(4) Unbound
(j) Services provided by midwives, nurses,
physiotherapists and para-medical personnel(CPC 93191)(1) (2) (3) (4) Unbound (1) (2) (3) (4) Unbound The reform process is
ongoing.  FYROM willnegotiate taking commitmentsafter 1 January 2004.
B. Computer and Related Services
(a) Consultancy services related to the
installation of computer hardware(CPC 841)
(b) Software implementation services
(CPC 842)
(c) Data processing services
(CPC 843)
(d) Data base services
(CPC 844)
(e) Other
(CPC 845+849)(1) None
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the
Horizontal Section(1) None
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the
Horizontal SectionWT/ACC/807/27/Add.2
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Sector or Sub-Sector Limitations on Market Access Limitations on National Treatment Additional Commitments
C. Research and Development Services
(except research in the field of historical and cultural identity of Macedonian people and nationalities who live in FYROM)
(b) R&D services on social sciences and
humanities
(CPC 852)(1) None
(2) None
(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the
Horizontal section.(1) None
(2) None
(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the
Horizontal Section
D. Real Estate and Land Services
(b) On a fee or contract basis
(CPC 822)(1) Unbound
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the
Horizontal Section(1) Unbound
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the
Horizontal Section
E. Rental/Leasing Services Without Operators and With Operators
(a) Relating to ships
(CPC 83103)(1) None
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the
Horizontal Section(1) None
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the
Horizontal Section
(b) Relating to aircraft
(CPC 83104)(1) None
(2) None
(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the
Horizontal Section(1) None
(2) None
(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the
Horizontal Section
(c) Relating to other transport equipment
(CPC 83101+ 83102+ 83105)(1) None
(2) None(3) None
(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the
Horizontal Section(1) None
(2) None(3) None
(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the
Horizontal Section
(d) Relating to other machinery and
equipment(CPC 83106-83109)(1) None
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the
Horizontal Section(1) None
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the
Horizontal SectionWT/ACC/807/27/Add.2
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(e) Rental services relating to pre-recorded video
cassettes and optical discs for usein home entertainment equipment (CPC 83202)(1) None
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the
Horizontal Section(1) None
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the
Horizontal Section
F. Other Business Services
(a) Advertising services
(CPC 871)(1) None
(2) None
(3) None
(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the
Horizontal Section(1) None
(2) None
(3) None
(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the
Horizontal Section
(b) Market research and public opinion polling
services(CPC 864)  (1) None
(2) None(3) Unbound(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the
Horizontal Section(1) None
(2) None(3) Unbound(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the
Horizontal Section
(c) Management consulting services
(CPC 865)(1) None
(2) None
(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the
Horizontal Section(1) None
(2) None
(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the
Horizontal Section
(d) Services related to management consulting;
(CPC 866)(1) None
(2) None(3) None
(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the
Horizontal Section(1) None
(2) None(3) None
(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the
Horizontal Section
(e) Technical testing and analysis services
(CPC 8676)(1) Institutions should be registered in the
international accreditation system.
(2) None(3) Unbound(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the
Horizontal Section(1) None
(2) None
(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the
Horizontal Section
(f) Advisory and Consulting Services Relating to
Agriculture, Hunting and Forestry
(part of CPC 881)(1) None
(2) None
(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the
Horizontal Section(1) None
(2) None
(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the
Horizontal SectionWT/ACC/807/27/Add.2
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Sector or Sub-Sector Limitations on Market Access Limitations on National Treatment Additional Commitments
(g) Services incidental to fishing
(CPC 882)(1) None
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the
Horizontal Section(1) None
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the
Horizontal Section
(h) Advisory and consulting services relating to
mining(part of CPC 883)(1) None
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the
Horizontal Section(1) None
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the
Horizontal Section
(k) Placement and supply services of Personnel
(CPC 872)(1) None
(2) None
(3) None
(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the
Horizontal Section(1) None
(2) None
(3) None
(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the
Horizontal Section
(l) Investigation and security
(CPC 873)(1) Unbound
(2) None(3) Unbound(4) Unbound(1) Unbound
(2) None(3) Unbound(4) Unbound
(m) Scientific and technical consulting services
(CPC 8675)(1) None
(2) None
(3) None
(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the
Horizontal Section(1) None
(2) None
(3) None
(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the
Horizontal Section
(n) Maintenance and repair of equipment (not
including maritime vessels, aircraft or othertransport equipment)(CPC 633, 8861-8866)(1) None
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the
Horizontal Section(1) None
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the
Horizontal Section
(o) Building-cleaning services
(CPC 874)(1) Unbound
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the
Horizontal Section(1) Unbound
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the
Horizontal Section
(p) Photographic services
(CPC 875)       (1) Unbound
(2) None(3) None
(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the
Horizontal Section(1) Unbound
(2) None(3) None
(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the
Horizontal SectionWT/ACC/807/27/Add.2
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(q) Packaging services
(CPC 876)(1) Unbound
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the
Horizontal Section(1) Unbound
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the
Horizontal Section
(r) Printing, publishing
(CPC 88442)(1) None
(2) None(3) None. For publishing: None, except for
access to subsidies: Unbound
(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the
Horizontal Section(1) None
(2) None(3) None
(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the
Horizontal Section
2. COMMUNICATION SERVICES
A. Postal Services
(CPC 7511)(1) Universal postal services are provided
exclusively by the public enterpriseMacedonian Post Office.
(2) None
(3) Universal postal services are provided
exclusively by the public enterpriseMacedonian Post Office.
(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the
Horizontal Section(1) None
(2) None
(3) None
(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the
Horizontal Section
B. Courier Services
(CPC 7512)(1) None
(2) None
(3) None
(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the
Horizontal Section(1) None
(2) None
(3) None
(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the
Horizontal Section
C. Telecommunication Services:
The commitments in this sector has been scheduledin accordance with the "Notes for Scheduling Basic
Telecom Services Commitments
(S/GBT/W/2/Rev.1)" and "Market AccessLimitations on Spectrum Availability(S/GBT/W/3)"See the Reference Paper
attachedWT/ACC/807/27/Add.2
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Sector or Sub-Sector Limitations on Market Access Limitations on National Treatment Additional Commitments
(1) (3) (4) Macedonian Telecommunications
has an exclusive right until 31 December2004  to build, posses and work with fixedpublic telecommunication networks.If FYROM should issue
additional licenses for fixedpublic telecommunicationsnetworks before
1 January 2005, foreign firms
will be permitted to competefor the licenses on an equaland transparent basis withdomestic firms, the
exclusivity period will be
terminated, and thecommitments scheduled from1 January 2005 will beimmediately effective.
Basic Telecommunication Services
(a) Voice telephone services (1) Macedonian Telecommunications is an
exclusive provider of services until31 December  2004.  None, as of1 January 2005
(2) None
(3) Macedonian Telecommunications is an
exclusive provider of services until31 December  2004.  None, as of1 January 2005
(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the
Horizontal Section(1) None
(2) None
(3) None
(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the
Horizontal Section
(b) Packet-switched data transmission services (1) None
(2) None
(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the
Horizontal Section(1) None
(2) None
(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the
Horizontal Section
(c) Circuit-switched data transmission services (1) None
(2) None(3) None
(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the
Horizontal Section(1) None
(2) None(3) None
(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the
Horizontal SectionWT/ACC/807/27/Add.2
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(d) Telex services (1) Macedonian Telecommunications is an
exclusive provider of services until31 December  2004. None, as of1 January 2005
(2) None
(3) Macedonian Telecommunications is an
exclusive provider of services until31 December  2004. None, as of1 January 2005
(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the
Horizontal Section(1) None
(2) None
(3) None
(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the
Horizontal Section
(e) Telegraph services (1) Macedonian Telecommunications is an
exclusive provider of services until31 December  2004.  None, as of1 January 2005
(2) None(3) Macedonian Telecommunications is an
exclusive provider of services until
31 December  2004.  None, as of1 January  2005
(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the
Horizontal Section(1) None
(2) None
(3) None
(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the
Horizontal Section
(f) Facsimile services (1) None
(2) None
(3) None
(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the
Horizontal Section(1) None
(2) None
(3) None
(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the
Horizontal Section
(g) Private leased circuit services: (1) Macedonian Telecommunications is an
exclusive provider of services until31 December 2004.  None, as of1 January 2005
(2) None
(3) Macedonian Telecommunications is an
exclusive provider of services until31 December 2004.  None, as of1 January  2005
(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the
Horizontal Section(1) None
(2) None
(3) None
(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the
Horizontal SectionWT/ACC/807/27/Add.2
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(o) Other services:
-  Mobile telecommunications(1) None
(2) None(3) Unbound until 31 December  2004.
Beginning 1 January 2005,  None.
(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the
Horizontal Section(1) None
(2) None(3) None
(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the
Horizontal SectionIf FYROM should issue
additional licenses for mobiletelephone services before1 January 2005, foreign firms
will be permitted to compete
for the licenses on an equaland transparent basis withdomestic firms.
Value-added Telecommunication Services
(h) Electronic mail (1) None
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the
Horizontal Section(1) None
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the
Horizontal Section
(i) Voice mail (1) None
(2) None
(3) None
(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the
Horizontal Section(1) None
(2) None
(3) None
(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the
Horizontal Section
(j) On-line information and data base retrieval (1) None
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the
Horizontal Section(1) None
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the
Horizontal Section
(k) Electronic data interchange (EDI) (1) None
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the
Horizontal Section(1) None
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the
Horizontal Section
(l) Enhanced/value-added facsimile services,
incl. store and forward, store and retrieve(1) None
(2) None
(3) None
(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the
Horizontal Section(1) None
(2) None
(3) None
(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the
Horizontal Section
(m) Code and protocol conversion (1) None
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the
Horizontal Section(1) None
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the
Horizontal SectionWT/ACC/807/27/Add.2
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(n) On-line information and/or data processing
(incl. transaction processing)(1) None
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the
Horizontal Section(1) None
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the
Horizontal Section
3. CONSTRUCTION AND RELATED ENGINEERING SERVICES
A. General construction work for buildings
(CPC 512)
B. General construction
work for civil engineering(CPC 513)
C. Installation and assembly work
(CPC 514+516)
D. Building completion and finishing work.
(CPC 517)
E. Other
(CPC 511+515+518)(1) Unbound
(2) None
(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the
Horizontal Section(1) Unbound
(2) None
(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the
Horizontal Section
4. DISTRIBUTION SERVICES
Subsectors below exclude trade in arms, chemical products, explosives and precious metals
A. Commission Agents’ Services
(CPC 6111, 6113, 6121, 621)
B. Wholesale Trade
(CPC 61111, 6113, 6121, 622)
C. Retailing Services
(CPC 6111, 6113, 6121, 631, 632,
including audio and video records, tapes and
optical discs (CPC 63234))
D. Franchising
(CPC 8929)(1) None
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the
Horizontal Section(1) None
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the
Horizontal Section
5. EDUCATION SERVICES
All education services included in this section:
Subsectors listed below only cover privatelyfunded education services.Educational services in investigation, security anddefense areas and in history and culture of people
and nationalities in FYROM are excluded.(1) (2) (3) (4) Unbound for grants and
scholarshipsWT/ACC/807/27/Add.2
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B. Secondary Education Services
(CPC 922)(1) None
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the
Horizontal Section(1) None
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the
Horizontal Section
C. Higher Education Services
(CPC 923)(1) None
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the
Horizontal Section(1) None
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the
Horizontal Section
D. Adult Education
(CPC 924)(1) None
(2) None
(3) None
(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the
Horizontal Section(1) None
(2) None
(3) None
(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the
Horizontal Section
6. ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES
A. Sewage Services
(CPC 9401)
B. Refuse Disposal Services
(CPC 9402)
C. Sanitation and Similar Services
(CPC 9403)
D. Other
- Cleaning services of exhaust gases
(CPC 94040)- Noise abatement services (CPC 94050)- Nature and landscape protection services
(CPC 94060)(1) Unbound
(2) None
(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the
Horizontal Section(1) Unbound
(2) None
(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the
Horizontal SectionWT/ACC/807/27/Add.2
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7. FINANCIAL SERVICES
All sectors:  A single legal person (insurance company or a bank) cannot provide both insurance and banking services.  FYROM will conduct a r eview of the situation in the light of developments
in the regulation of financial services sectors and will report whether this limitation can be abolished.  Such a review will t ake place by 31 December 2008.  Domestic and foreign bank or insurance
company operating in FYROM may set up or acquire another legal person providing the other line of business subject to the follo wing commitments.
A. Insurance and Insurance Related Services as
defined in the "Annex on Financial services"(1) None for reinsurance and retrocession,
maritime and aviation insurance,insurance sold for transportation
vehicles licensed for commercial
purposes, services auxiliary toinsurance, and brokerage for suchservices. Unbound for other insuranceservices.
(2) None for reinsurance and retrocession,
maritime and aviation insurance,
insurance sold for transportationvehicles licensed for commercialpurposes, services auxiliary toinsurance, and brokerage for suchservices. Unbound for other insurance
services.
(3) Establishment of an insurance joint-
stock company in FYROM is required.Branching will be allowed from1 January 2008, or until such earlierdate that FYROM allows it.  No other
forms of establishment are allowed
until FYROM allows them.A foreign or domestic legal or naturalperson, other than an insurancecompany or a bank, may not hold more
than 25% of stocks management rights
in an insurance company.  Thisrequirement is valid until1 January 2008 or until such earlierdate that FYROM allows higher levelsof stocks management rights
.
Thereafter, none.
(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the
Horizontal Section(1) None
(2) None
(3) None
(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the
Horizontal SectionWT/ACC/807/27/Add.2
Page 17Modes of supply: (1)  Cross border supply (2)  Consumption abroad (3)  Commercial presence (4)  Presence of natural persons
Sector or Sub-Sector Limitations on Market Access Limitations on National Treatment Additional Commitments
B. Banking and Other Financial Services
(excluding insurance) (Definitions basedon the Annex on Financial services)(3) Only a legal person established in
FYROM may provide banking and otherfinancial services.  A foreign bank canprovide banking services by establishing a
bank or subsidiary in FYROM.
Starting no later than 1 January
2008, or such earlier date that FYROMallows it, banking services may be providedthrough branches of foreign banks.
A bank must be established as
joint-stock company.
An individual natural or legal
person other than a bank may not hold morethan one third of the stocks withmanagement rights of the bank established
in FYROM.  This requirement is in force
until 1 January 2003.
Brokerage houses, closed
investment funds, fund managementcompanies and the Central Depository ofSecurities are to be established as joint-stock
companies.
Brokerage houses must be
established by at least two domestic orforeign legal or natural persons.  Thislimitation does not apply if the brokeragehouses are established by a bank, saving
house or an insurance company.
Only brokerage houses, banks,
insurance companies and fund managementcompanies can be founders of the CentralDepository of Securities.  A single founder
cannot hold more than 15% of shares.
Foreign legal and natural persons
are not allowed to establish saving housesand exchange offices.WT/ACC/807/27/Add.2
Page 18Modes of supply: (1)  Cross border supply (2)  Consumption abroad (3)  Commercial presence (4)  Presence of natural persons
Sector or Sub-Sector Limitations on Market Access Limitations on National Treatment Additional Commitments
(a) Acceptance of deposits and other
repayable funds from the public(1) Unbound
(2) Unbound at present.  None after Phase
II of the implementation of theAgreement on Stabilization and
Association of FYROM with the EU.
(3) May be provided by banks and saving
houses only.  Saving houses areauthorized to provide deposit servicesfor natural persons only.
(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the
Horizontal Section(1) None
(2) None
(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the
Horizontal Section
(b) Lending of all types, consumer credit,
mortgage credit, factoring and financing ofcommercial transaction(1) Unbound
(2) None(3) For banks: None
For saving houses:  Granting credits tolegal persons exceeding 150% of theguaranteed capital of the saving houses
must be provided only through a bank.
For other legal persons: They can grantloans to other legal persons only.
(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the
Horizontal Section(1) None
(2) None(3) None
(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the
Horizontal Section
(c) Financial leasing (1) Unbound
(2) None
(3) None
(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the
Horizontal Section(1) None
(2) None
(3) None
(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the
Horizontal Section
(d) All payment and money transmission services (1) Unbound
(2) None for current transactions and direct
investments2.
(3) This type of services may be provided
by banks only.
(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the
Horizontal Section(1) None
(2) None
(3) None
(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the
Horizontal Section
                                                     
2 Direct investments shall denote investments by an investor in tending to establish lasting economic relations and/or to exercis e right to run the trading company or any
other legal person in which he had invested.  The following shall be deemed as direct investments:
(i) incorporating a trading company or extend ing the basic capital of a trading company in full ownership of the investor, estab lishing subsidiary, or
acquiring full ownership of the existing company;  WT/ACC/807/27/Add.2
Page 19Modes of supply: (1)  Cross border supply (2)  Consumption abroad (3)  Commercial presence (4)  Presence of natural persons
Sector or Sub-Sector Limitations on Market Access Limitations on National Treatment Additional Commitments
(e) Guarantees and commitments (1) Unbound
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the
Horizontal Section(1) None
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the
Horizontal Section
(f) Trading for own account or for account of
customers, whether on an exchange, in anover-the-counter market or otherwise, thefollowing:
- money market instruments (cheques,
bills, certificate of  deposits, etc.)(1) Unbound
(2) Unbound at present.  None for banks.
None after Phase I of the
implementation of the Agreement on
Stabilization and Association ofFYROM with the EU.  None fortrading with cheques and bills ofexchange.
(3) This type of services may be provided
by banks and saving houses only.
(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the
Horizontal Section(1) None
(2) None
(3) None
(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the
Horizontal Section
- foreign exchange3(1) Unbound(2) Unbound. None up to the level
determined by the Government
(3) This type of services may be provided
by banks and exchange offices only.
(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the
Horizontal Section(1) None
(2) None
(3) None
(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the
Horizontal Section
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   
(ii) participation in a new or already existing trading company if the investor holds or acquires more than 10% share in the bas ic capital of the trading
company, exceeding 10% of the voting rights;  (iii) long-term loan with five or more years of maturity, when it is a matter of a loan from the investor intended for the tradi ng company which is in his full
ownership; and(iv) long-term loan with five or more years of maturity, when it is a matter of a loan intended for establishing lasting economi c relations if granted among
persons associated in mutual economic venture.
3 Covers foreign exchange services supplied by exchange offices to natural persons.WT/ACC/807/27/Add.2
Page 20Modes of supply: (1)  Cross border supply (2)  Consumption abroad (3)  Commercial presence (4)  Presence of natural persons
Sector or Sub-Sector Limitations on Market Access Limitations on National Treatment Additional Commitments
- derivative products (including
futures and options)(1) Unbound
(2) Unbound at present. None for banks.
None after Phase I of theimplementation of the Agreement on
Stabilization and Association of
FYROM with the EU.
(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the
Horizontal Section(1) None
(2) None
(3) None
(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the
Horizontal Section
- exchange rate and interest rate
instruments, such as swaps and
forward rate agreements(1) Unbound
(2) Unbound at present. None for banks.
None after Phase II of the
implementation of the Agreement onStabilization and Association ofFYROM with the EU.
(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the
Horizontal Section(1) None
(2) None
(3) None
(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the
Horizontal Section
- transferable securities (1) Unbound
(2) Unbound at present.  None for direct
investments.  None for banks, forsecurities issued by OECD membercountries and international institutions,and for securities with investment
rating.  None after Phase I of the
implementation of the Agreement onStabilization and Association ofFYROM with the EU.
(3) Only brokerage houses and banks are
permitted to offer these types of
services.
(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the
Horizontal Section(1) None
(2) None
(3) None
(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the
Horizontal SectionWT/ACC/807/27/Add.2
Page 21Modes of supply: (1)  Cross border supply (2)  Consumption abroad (3)  Commercial presence (4)  Presence of natural persons
Sector or Sub-Sector Limitations on Market Access Limitations on National Treatment Additional Commitments
- other negotiable instruments and
financial assets, such as bullion(1) Unbound
(2) Unbound at present. None for banks.
None after Phase I of theimplementation of the Agreement on
Stabilization and Association of
FYROM with the EU.
(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the
Horizontal Section(1) None
(2) None
(3) None
(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the
Horizontal Section
(g) Participation in issues of all kinds of securities,
under-writing and placement as agent (whether
publicly or privately) and provision of service
related to such issues(1) Unbound
(2) None, except for placement with
residents of FYROM.
(3) This type of services may be provided
by banks and brokerage houses only.
(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the
Horizontal Section(1) None
(2) None
(3) None
(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the
Horizontal Section
(h) Money broking4(1) Unbound(2) Unbound.  None for banks.
(3) None for banks.  None for legal
persons for payments in and from aforeign country.
(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the
Horizontal Section(1) None
(2) None
(3) None
(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the
Horizontal Section
(i) Asset management, such as cash or portfolio
management, all forms of collective investment
management, custodial depositary and trust
services(1) Unbound
(2) Unbound at present.  None for banks
after 1 January 2008.  None for
portfolio management after1 January 2008.
(3) None for banks.  None for brokerage
houses for portfolio management
(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the
Horizontal Section(1) None
(2) None
(3) None
(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the
Horizontal Section
                                                     
4 Covers selling and buying of foreign currency between legal persons on the foreign exchange market.WT/ACC/807/27/Add.2
Page 22Modes of supply: (1)  Cross border supply (2)  Consumption abroad (3)  Commercial presence (4)  Presence of natural persons
Sector or Sub-Sector Limitations on Market Access Limitations on National Treatment Additional Commitments
(j) Settlement and clearing services for financial
assets: securities, derivative products, and othernegotiable instruments(1) Unbound
(2) Unbound at present.  None for banks.
None after Phase I of theimplementation of the Agreement on
Stabilization and Association of
FYROM with the EU.
(3) Unbound(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the
Horizontal Section(1) None
(2) None
(3) None
(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the
Horizontal Section
(k) Advisory, intermediation and other auxiliary
financial services: credit reference and
analysis, investment and portfolio research and
advice, advice on acquisitions and on corporaterestructuring and strategy(1) None
(2) None
(3) Only trading companies, banks, saving
houses and brokerage houses mayprovide these types of services.
(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the
Horizontal Section(1) None
(2) None
(3) None
(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the
Horizontal Section
(l) Provision and transfer of financial information,
and financial data processing and related
software  by providers of other financial
services(1) None
(2) None
(3) None
(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the
Horizontal Section(1) None
(2) None
(3) None
(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the
Horizontal Section
8. HEALTH RELATED AND SOCIAL SERVICES (other than those listed under 1.A.h-j.)
A. Hospital services
(CPC 9311)
B. Other Human Health Services
(CPC 9319 (other than 93191))(1) (2) (3) (4) Unbound (1) (2) (3) (4) Unbound The reform process is
ongoing.  FYROM willnegotiate taking commitmentsafter 1 January 2004.
9. TOURISM AND TRAVEL RELATED SERVICES
A. Hotels and Restaurants (incl. catering)
(CPC 641-643)(1) Unbound
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the
Horizontal Section(1) Unbound
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the
Horizontal Section
B. Travel Agencies and Tour Operators' Services
(CPC 7471)(1) None
(2) None
(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the
Horizontal Section(1) None
(2) None
(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the
Horizontal SectionWT/ACC/807/27/Add.2
Page 23Modes of supply: (1)  Cross border supply (2)  Consumption abroad (3)  Commercial presence (4)  Presence of natural persons
Sector or Sub-Sector Limitations on Market Access Limitations on National Treatment Additional Commitments
C. Tourist Guides Services
(CPC 7472)(1) Unbound
(2) None(3) Unbound(4) Unbound(1) Unbound
(2) None(3) Unbound(4) Unbound
10. RECREATIONAL, CULTURAL AND SPORTING SERVI CES (Other than audiovisual services)
A.   Other entertainment and cultural services
- Cinema Theatre Operation Services(part of CPC 96199)(1) Unbound
(2) None(3) None, except for access to subsidies:
Unbound
(4) Unbound except as indicated in the
Horizontal section(1) Unbound
(2) Unbound(3) None
(4) None
B. News agency services
(CPC 962)(1) None
(2) None(3) Unbound(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the
Horizontal Section(1) None
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the
Horizontal Section
D. Sporting and other recreational services
(CPC 964)(1) None
(2) None
(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the
Horizontal Section(1) None
(2) None
(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the
Horizontal Section
11. TRANSPORT SERVICES
C. Air Transport Services(d) Aircraft repair and maintenance services (1) Unbound
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the
Horizontal Section(1) Unbound
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the
Horizontal Section
(e) Supporting services for air transport
- Selling and marketing of air transport services
only(1) None
(2) None
(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the
Horizontal Section(1) Unbound
(2) None
(3) Unbound(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the
Horizontal Section
Computer Reservation System (CRS) services (1) None
(2) None(3) None
(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the
Horizontal Section(1) Unbound
(2) None(3) Unbound
(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the
Horizontal SectionWT/ACC/807/27/Add.2
Page 24Modes of supply: (1)  Cross border supply (2)  Consumption abroad (3)  Commercial presence (4)  Presence of natural persons
Sector or Sub-Sector Limitations on Market Access Limitations on National Treatment Additional Commitments
E. Rail Transport Services
(d) Maintenance and repair of rail transport
equipment(CPC 8868)(1) Unbound
(2) None(3) Unbound
(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the
Horizontal Section(1) None
(2) None(3) None
(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the
Horizontal Section
F. Road Transport Services(a) Passenger transportation
(CPC 71213, 7122)
(b) Freight transportation
(CPC 7123)
(c) Rental of commercial vehicles with
operator (CPC 7124)
(d) Maintenance and repair of road transport
equipment(CPC 6112)(1) Unbound
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the
Horizontal Section(1) Unbound
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the
Horizontal Section
G. Pipeline Transport
(a) Transportation of fuels
(CPC 7131)
(b) Transportation of other goods
(CPC 7139)(1) None
(2) None
(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the
Horizontal Section(1) None
(2) None
(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in
the Horizontal Section
H. Services Auxiliary to all Modes of Transport
Air Transport(b) Storage and warehouse services
(CPC 742)
(c) Freight transport agency services
(CPC 748)(1) Unbound
(2) None(3) Unbound
(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the
Horizontal Section(1) Unbound
(2) None(3) Unbound
(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the
Horizontal Section
Road Transport(b) Storage and warehouse services
(CPC 742)
(c) Freight transport agency services
(CPC 748)(1) Unbound
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the
Horizontal Section(1) Unbound
(2) None(3) None(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the
Horizontal SectionWT/ACC/807/27/Add.2
Page 25Modes of supply: (1)  Cross border supply (2)  Consumption abroad (3)  Commercial presence (4)  Presence of natural persons
Sector or Sub-Sector Limitations on Market Access Limitations on National Treatment Additional Commitments
Rail Transport Services
(b) Storage and warehouse services
 (CPC 742)
(c) Freight transport agency services
(CPC 748)(1) Unbound
(2) None(3) Unbound
(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the
Horizontal Section(1) None
(2) None(3) None
(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the
Horizontal SectionWT/ACC/807/27/Add.2
Page 26
REFERENCE PAPER
Scope
The following are definitions and principles on the regulatory framework for the basic
telecommunications services.
Definitions
Users mean service consumers and service suppliers.
Essential facilities mean facilities of a public te lecommunications transport network or service that
(a) are exclusively or predominantly provided by a single or limited number of suppliers;
and
(b) cannot feasibly be economically or technically substituted in order to provide a service.
A major supplier is a supplier which has the ability to materially affect the terms of participation (having
regard to price and supply) in the relevant market for basic telecommunications services as a result of:
(a) control over essential facilities;  or(b) use of its position in the market.
1. Competitive safeguards
1.1 Prevention of anti-competitive practices in telecommunications
Appropriate measures shall be maintained for the purpose of preventing suppliers who, alone or
together, are a major supplier from engaging in or continuing anti-competitive practices.
1.2 Safeguards
The anti-competitive practices referred to above shall include in particular:(a) engaging in anti-competitive cross-subsidization;(b) using information obtained from compe titors with anti-competitive results;  and
(c) not making available to other services suppliers on a timely basis technical information
about essential facilities and commercially relevant information which are necessary for
them to provide services.
2. Interconnection
2.1 This section applies to linking with supplie rs providing public telecommunications transport
networks or services in order to allow the us ers of one supplier to communicate with users of
another supplier and  to access services provided by another supplier, where specificcommitments are undertaken.WT/ACC/807/27/Add.2
Page 27
2.2 Interconnection to be ensured
Interconnection with a major supplier will be ensured at any technically feasible point in the
network.  Such interconnection is provided.
(a) under non-discriminatory terms, conditions (including technical standards and
specifications) and rates and of a quality no le ss favourable than that provided for its
own like services or for like services of non-affiliated service suppliers or for its
subsidiaries or other affiliates;
(b) in a timely fashion, on terms, conditions  (including technical standards and
specifications) and cost-oriented rates that ar e transparent, reasonable, having regard to
economic feasibility, and sufficiently unbundled so that the supplier need not pay for
network components or facilities that it does not  require for the service to be provided;
and
(c) upon request, at points in addition to th e network termination points offered to the
majority of users, subject to charges that reflect the cost of construction of necessary
additional facilities.
2.3 Public availability of the proced ures for interconnection negotiations
The procedures applicable for interconnection to a major supplier will be made publicly
available.
2.4 Transparency of interconnection arrangements
It is ensured that a major supplier will make  publicly available either its interconnection
agreements or a reference interconnection offer.
2.5 Interconnection:  dispute settlement
A service supplier requesting interconnection with a major supplier will have recourse, either:
(a) at any time or
(b) after a reasonable period of time which has been made publicly known to an
independent domestic body, which may be a regulatory body as referred to in paragraph
5 below, to resolve disputes regarding appropriate terms, conditions and rates forinterconnection within a reasonable period of time, to the extent that these have not
been established previously.
3. Universal service
Any Member has the right to define the kind of universal service obligation it wishes to
maintain.  Such obligations will not be regarded as anti-competitive per se , provided they are
administered in a transparent, non-discriminatory  and competitively neutral manner and are not more
burdensome than necessary for the kind of universal service defined by the Member.WT/ACC/807/27/Add.2
Page 28
4. Public availability of licensing criteria
Where a licence is required, the following will be made publicly available:
(a) all the licensing criteria and the period of time normally required to reach a decision
concerning an application for a licence  and
(b) the terms and conditions of  individual licences.The reasons for the denial of a licence will be made known to the applicant upon request.
5. Independent regulators
The regulatory body is separate from, and not accountable to, any supplier of basic
telecommunications services. The decisions of a nd the procedures used by regulators shall be
impartial with respect to all market participants.
6. Allocation and use of scarce resources
Any procedures for the allocation and use of scarce resources, including frequencies, numbers
and rights of way, will be carried out in an ob jective, timely, transparent and non-discriminatory
manner. The current state of allocated frequency bands will be made publicly available, but
detailed identification of frequencies allocated for specific government uses is not required.WT/ACC/807/27/Add.2
Page 29List of Article II (MFN) Exemptions of the Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia
Sector or subsectorDescription of measure indicating its
inconsistency with Article IICountries to which
the measure appliesIntended durationConditions creating the need
for the exemption
Real estate and Land
All SectorsForeign natural persons may by
inheritance obtain a right to ownership of real
estate and land on the territory of FYROM,under condition of reciprocity.
Foreign legal persons may, under
condition of reciprocity, obtain a right toownership of real estate and land on the
territory of FYROM through inheritance, on
the basis of a testament.
A foreign natural person may, under
condition of reciprocity, obtain a right toownership of a flat or a building in FYROM.
A foreign natural person may, under
condition of reciprocity, obtain a right to
ownership and right to a long-term lease ofbusiness premises on the territory of FYROM.
A foreign natural or legal person may,
under conditions of reciprocity, obtain a right
to a long-term lease of building land for
construction of business buildings andpremises and apartment buildings andapartments on the territory of FYROM.
Building land can be owned by domestic
natural and legal persons only.  Foreign
natural and legal persons are only permitted to
acquire long-term leases of no more than 99years.
A foreign natural or legal person may,
under  conditions of reciprocity, obtain a rightto long-term lease of agricultural land on the
territory of FYROM.All countries Indefinite Requirements of bilateral and
regional commitments.
Legal Services
(excludingconsultancy on homecountry, foreign andinternational law)Legal services of foreign suppliers may be
provided on the basis of reciprocity. All countries Indefinite Reciprocal coordination of the
legal profession within theoverall regional developmentof judicial and administrativeinstitutions.WT/ACC/807/27/Add.2
Page 30Sector or subsectorDescription of measure indicating its
inconsistency with Article IICountries to which
the measure appliesIntended durationConditions creating the need
for the exemption
Audiovisual Services
-Production and
distribution ofcinematographicworks and televisionprogrammesMeasures based upon government-to-
government framework agreements, and
plurilateral agreements, on co-production ofaudiovisual works, which confer nationaltreatment to audiovisual works covered bythese agreements, in particular in relation todistribution and access to funding.All countries with whom
cultural co-operation may
be desirable.Indefinite The aim of these agreements is
to promote cultural links
between the countriesconcerned.
Audiovisual services 
- Production and
distribution ofaudiovisual worksthrough broadcastingor other forms oftransmission to the
publicMeasures which define works of European
origin in such a way as to extend national
treatment to audiovisual works which meetcertain linguistic and origin criteria regardingaccess to broadcasting or similar forms oftransmission.European countries Indefinite The measures aim, within the
sector, to promote cultural
values both within ECMember States, and with othercountries in Europe, as well asachieving linguistic policyobjectives.
Audiovisual Services
- Production and
distribution oftelevisionprogrammes andcinematographic
worksMeasures granting the benefit of any support
programmes (such as Action Plan for
Advanced Television Services, EURECAAudiovisuel, MEDIA or EURIMAGES) toaudiovisual works, and suppliers of suchworks, meeting certain European origin
criteria.European countries Indefinite.  Exemption needed,
for certain countries, only until
an economic integrationagreement is concluded orcompleted.These programmes aim at
preserving and promoting the
regional identity of countrieswithin Europe which havelong standing cultural links.
Educational Services Preferences may be extended in
implementation of student exchange programs,
for visits by educators, and for educationalinstitutions in order to promote cooperation incultural exchange.All countries Indefinite The requirement for particular
international participation in the
development of general andspecialized educationalprograms, including specialregional or international
programs.
CRS and sales andmarketing of air
transport servicesThe obligations of CRS system vendors or of
parent and participating air carriers shall not
apply where equivalent treatment is notaccorded in the country of origin of the parentcarrier or of the system vendor.All countries where a CRS
system vendor or a parent
air carrier is located.Indefinite The need for the exemption
results from the insufficient
development of multilaterallyagreed rules for the operation ofCRS.WT/ACC/807/27/Add.2
Page 31Sector or subsectorDescription of measure indicating its
inconsistency with Article IICountries to which
the measure appliesIntended durationConditions creating the need
for the exemption
Road Transport
ServicesMeasures applied under existing or future
agreements with the governments of other
countries offer favourable treatment.All countries with which
FYROM has agreements
on road transport in force.Indefinite The need for exemption is
linked to the region
characteristics of the roadtransport services and to thenecessity to regulate trafficrights in and across theterritory of FYROM and
between FYROM and the
countries concerned.
__________