WORLD TRADE
ORGANIZATIONGATS/SC/129
20 December 2000
(00-5616)
Trade in Services
GEORGIA
Schedule of Specific Commitments
(This is authentic in English only)
_______________GATS/SC/129
Page 2
GEORGIA - SCHEDULE ON SPECIFIC COMMITMENTS
Modes of Supply: (1) Cross-border supply (2) Consumption abroad (3) Commercial presence (4) Presence of natural persons
Sector or Sub-sector Limitations on Market Access Limitations on National Treatment Additional commitments
I. HORIZONTAL COMMITMENTS
Commitments include all
sectors1) None
2) None3) Privatisation
An organisation, in which the Government's share
exceeds 25%, has no right to particip ate as a buyer in privatisation
process.
4) Entry and temporary stay
Unbound, except for measures concerning temporary
entry and stay of nationals of another member who fall into the
categories listed below:1) Unbound for subsidies
2) Unbound for subsidies3) At least one manager of a
"corporation with limited liability"
must have his domicile in Georgia.
The establishment of a branchrequires a representative (naturalperson) with domicile in Georgiawho is duly authorized by thecompany to fully represent it.
Eligibility for subsidies may be
limited to persons established in aparticular geographical sub-divisionof Georgia.Real estate purchase
Unbound except for the following :(i) to buy non agricultural land(ii) to buy buildings needed toconduct services activities(iii) Leasing of agricultural landno more than 49 years, and non
agricultural land no more than 99
years.(iv) to buy agricultural land byjoint ventures
4) Unbound, except for measures
concerning the categories of natural
persons referred to in the market
access columnGATS/SC/129
Page 3Modes of Supply: (1) Cross-border supply (2) Consumption abroad (3) Commercial presence (4) Presence of natural persons
Sector or Sub-sector Limitations on Market Access Limitations on National Treatment Additional commitments
Services Salespersons - persons not based in the territory of the
Georgia and receiving no remuneration from a source locatedwithin the Georgia, who are engaged in activities related torepresenting a services supplier for the purpose of negotiating forsale of the services of that supplier: a) such sales are not directly
made to the general public and b) the salesperson is not engaged
in supplying the service. Entry for persons named in this sectionis limited to a 90-day period. Prolongation is allowed only once ayear after two months from the date of expiration of this period..
Commitments include all
sectorsPersons responsible for the setting up of a commercial presence:
Persons who are employees of an enterprise not having presencein Georgia and who have been beforehand employees of that
enterprise outside Georgia for a time period not less than one year
immediately preceding their application for admission, and whoare entering Georgia for the purpose of setting up a commercialpresence of that enterprise in Georgia. Persons responsible for thesetting-up of a commercial presence may not engage in makingdirect sales to the general public or supplies services themselves.
Entry for these persons is limited to a one-year period.
Persons who are employees of an enterprise outside Georgia nothaving commercial presence in Georgia (other than enterprises
Providing services as defined by CPC 872), which has concludeda services contract with an enterprise engaged in substantive
business in Georgia, and who have been beforehand employees of
the enterprise outside Georgia for a time period of not less thanone year immediately preceding their application for admission.Per contract, temporary entry for a limited number of servicesuppliers will be granted for a single period of three month, thenumber of service suppliers depending on the size of the task to
be performed under the contract. Individual services providers
not employed by such enterprise outside Georgia andconsidered as persons seeking access to the Georgian employmentmarket.GATS/SC/129
Page 4
Modes of Supply: (1) Cross-border supply (2) Consumption abroad (3) Commercial presence (4) Presence of natural persons
Sector or Sub-sector Limitations on Market Access Limitations on National Treatment Additional commitments
Intra-corporate Transferees - managers, executives and
specialists, as defined below, who are employees of firms thatprovide services within Georgia through a branch, subsidiary, oraffiliate established in Georgia and who have been in the prioremployees of their firm outside the Georgia for a period of not
less than one year, immediately preceding the date of their
application for admission and who are one of the following:
Commitments include allsectorsa)  managers - persons within an organisation who
primarily direct the organisation, or a department or sub-divisionof the organisation, supervise and control the work of othersupervisory, professional or managerial employees, have the
authority to hire and fire or remand the decision on hiring, firing,
or other personal actions (such as promotion or leaveauthorisation), and exercise discretionary authority over day-to-day operations. Do not include first line supervisors, unless theemployees supervised are professionals, not does it includeemployees who primarily perform tasks necessary for the
provision of the service.
b) Executives - persons within the organisation who
primarily direct the management of the organisation, establish thegoals and policies of the organisation, exercise wide latitude indecision-making, and receive only general supervision or
direction from higher-level executives, the board of directors, or
stockholders of the business. Executives would not directlyperform tasks related to the actual provision of a service orservices of the organisation.
c) Specialists - persons within an organisation who possessknowledge at an advanced level of continued expertise and who
possess priority knowledge of the organisation's services, research
equipment, techniques, or management.
Entry for persons named in this section is limited to a three-year
period that may be extended for up two additional years for a total
term not to exceed five yearsGATS/SC/129
Page 5Modes of Supply: (1) Cross-border supply (2) Consumption abroad (3) Commercial presence (4) Presence of natural persons
Sector or Sub-sector Limitations on Market Access Limitations on National Treatment Additional commitments
II SECTOR SPECIFIC COMMITMENTS
1. BUSINESS
SERVICES
A. Professional Services
a) Legal services
(Includingconsultancy on homecountry law andinternational law)(CPC 861)1) None
2) None
3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section1) None
2) None
3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in the
horizontal section
b) Accounting, auditing
and bookkeeping
services(CPC 862)1) None
2) None
3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section1) None
2) None
3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in the
horizontal section
c) Taxation services
(CPC 863)1) None
2) None
3) None
4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section1) None
2) None
3) None
4) Unbound except as indicated in the
horizontal section
d) Architectural services
(CPC 8671)1) None
2) None3) None
4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section1) None
2) None3) None
4) Unbound except as indicated in the
horizontal section
e) Engineering services
(CPC 8672)1) None
2) None3) None
4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section1) None
2) None3) None
4) Unbound except as indicated in the
horizontal sectionGATS/SC/129
Page 6
Modes of Supply: (1) Cross-border supply (2) Consumption abroad (3) Commercial presence (4) Presence of natural persons
Sector or Sub-sector Limitations on Market Access Limitations on National Treatment Additional commitments
f) Integrated 
engineering services(CPC 8673)1) None
2) None3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section1) None
2) None3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in the
horizontal section
g) Urban planning and
Landscape
architectural services(CPC 8674*)1) None
2) None
3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section1) None
2) None
3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in the 
horizontal section
h) Medical and dental
services
(excluding
transplants andautopsy)(CPC 9312)1) Unbound*
2) None
3) None
4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section1) Unbound*
2) None
3) None
4) Unbound except as indicated in the 
horizontal section
i) Veterinary services
(CPC 932)1) Unbound*
2) None
3) None
4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section1) Unbound*
2) None
3) None
4) Unbound except as indicated in the 
horizontal section
B. Computer and
Related Services
a) Consulting services
related to theinstallation ofcomputer hardware
(CPC 841)1) None
2) None
3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section1) None
2) None
3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in the 
horizontal section
b) Software
implementationservices(CPC 842)1) None
2) None3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section1) None
2) None3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in the 
horizontal sectionGATS/SC/129
Page 7Modes of Supply: (1) Cross-border supply (2) Consumption abroad (3) Commercial presence (4) Presence of natural persons
Sector or Sub-sector Limitations on Market Access Limitations on National Treatment Additional commitments
c) Data processing
services(CPC 843)1) None
2) None3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section1) None
2) None3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in the
horizontal section
d) Data base services
(CPC 844)1) None
2) None
3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section1) None
2) None
3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in the 
horizontal section
Maintenance andrepair services of
office machinery and
equipment includingcomputers(CPC 845)1) Unbound*
2) None
3) None
4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section1) Unbound*
2) None
3) None
4) Unbound except as indicated in the 
horizontal section
e) Data preparation
services
(CPC 849 exc.8499)1) None
2) None
3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section1) None
2) None
3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in the 
horizontal section
C. Research and
Development
Services
a) R&D services on
natural sciences(CPC 851)1) None
2) None3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section1) None
2) None3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in the 
horizontal section
b) R&D services on
social sciences and
humanities(CPC 852)1) None
2) None
3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section1) None
2) None
3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in the 
horizontal sectionGATS/SC/129
Page 8
Modes of Supply: (1) Cross-border supply (2) Consumption abroad (3) Commercial presence (4) Presence of natural persons
Sector or Sub-sector Limitations on Market Access Limitations on National Treatment Additional commitments
c) Interdisciplinary
R&D services(CPC 853)1) None
2) None3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section1) None
2) None3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in the 
horizontal section
D. Real Estate Services
a) Involving own or 
leased property
(CPC 821)
 1) None
2) None3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section1) None
2) None3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in the 
horizontal section
b) On a fee or contract 
basis
(CPC 822)1) None
2) None
3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section1) None
2) None
3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in the 
horizontal section
E. Rental/Leasing
services without
Operators
a) Relating to ships
(CPC 83103)1) None
2) None
3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section1) None
2) None
3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in the 
horizontal section
b) Relating to aircraft
(CPC 83104)1) None
2) None
3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section1) None
2) None
3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in the 
horizontal section
c) Relating to other
transport equipment
(CPC 83101  + 83102 
+ 83105)1) None
2) None
3) None
4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section1) None
2) None
3) None
4) Unbound except as indicated in the 
horizontal sectionGATS/SC/129
Page 9Modes of Supply: (1) Cross-border supply (2) Consumption abroad (3) Commercial presence (4) Presence of natural persons
Sector or Sub-sector Limitations on Market Access Limitations on National Treatment Additional commitments
d) Relating to other
machinery andequipment(CPC 83106 – 83109)1) None
2) None3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section1) None
2) None3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in the 
horizontal section
e) Leasing or rental
services for
videotapes or opticaldisks(CPC 83202)1) None
2) None
3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section1) None
2) None
3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in the 
horizontal section
F) Other Business
Services
a) Advertising services
(CPC 871)1) None
2) None3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section1) None
2) None3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in the 
horizontal section
b) Market research
services
(CPC 864)1) None
2) None
3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section1) None
2) None
3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in the 
horizontal section
c) Management
consulting services
(CPC 865)1) None
2) None
3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section1) None
2) None
3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in the 
horizontal section
d) Services related to
Management
consulting
(CPC 866)1) None
2) None
3) None
4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section1) None
2) None
3) None
4) Unbound except as indicated in the 
horizontal sectionGATS/SC/129
Page 10
Modes of Supply: (1) Cross-border supply (2) Consumption abroad (3) Commercial presence (4) Presence of natural persons
Sector or Sub-sector Limitations on Market Access Limitations on National Treatment Additional commitments
e) Technical testing and
analysis services(CPC 8676)1) None
2) None3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section1) None
2) None3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in the 
horizontal section
f) Services incidental to
agriculture, hunting
and forestry(CPC 88110)1) None
2) None
3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section1) None
2) None
3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in the 
horizontal section
g) Services incidental to
fishing
(CPC 882**)1) None
2) None
3) None
4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section1) None
2) None
3) None
4) Unbound except as indicated in the 
horizontal section
h) Services incidental to
mining(CPC 883**)1) None
2) None3) None
4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section1) None
2) None3) None
4) Unbound except as indicated in the 
horizontal section
i) Services incidental to
manufacturing(CPC 8841+8842+88
43+8844 8846+8847
+8848+8849+885+886)1) None
2) None3) None
4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section1) None
2) None3) None
4) Unbound except as indicated in the 
horizontal section
j) Services incidental to
energy distribution(CPC 887**)1) None
2) None3) None
4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section1) None
2) None3) None
4) Unbound except as indicated in the 
horizontal section
k) Placement and supply
services of personnel(CPC 87205+87206)1) None
2) None3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section1) None
2) None3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in the 
horizontal sectionGATS/SC/129
Page 11Modes of Supply: (1) Cross-border supply (2) Consumption abroad (3) Commercial presence (4) Presence of natural persons
Sector or Sub-sector Limitations on Market Access Limitations on National Treatment Additional commitments
m) Scientific and
technical consultingservices(CPC 8675)1) None
2) None3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section1) None
2) None3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in the 
horizontal section
p) Photographic
services(CPC 875)
except for aerialphotography)1) None
2) None
3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section1) None
2) None
3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in the 
horizontal section
q) Packaging services
(CPC 876)1) None
2) None
3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section1) None
2) None
3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in the 
horizontal section
r) Printing and
publishing services
(CPC 88442)1) None
2) None
3) None other than : Foreign persons are allowed to supply
services only through the joint ventures. Participation offoreign equity share is not limited
4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section1) None
2) None
3) None
4) Unbound except as indicated in the 
horizontal section
s) Convention services
(part of CPC 8790)1) None
2) None3) None other than : Foreign persons are allowed to supply
services only through the joint ventures. Participation offoreign equity share is not limited
4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section1) None
2) None3) None
4) Unbound except as indicated in the 
horizontal section
t) Other
Repair services ofpersonal andhousehold goods(CPC 633)1) Unbound*
2) None3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section1) Unbound*
2) None3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in the 
horizontal sectionGATS/SC/129
Page 12
Modes of Supply: (1) Cross-border supply (2) Consumption abroad (3) Commercial presence (4) Presence of natural persons
Sector or Sub-sector Limitations on Market Access Limitations on National Treatment Additional commitments
Repair services
incidental to metalproducts, machineryand equipment(CPC 886)1) Unbound*
2) None3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section1) Unbound*
2) None3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in the 
horizontal section
Others businessservices(CPC 879 exc.87909)1) Unbound*
2) None3) None other than : Foreign persons are allowed to supply
services only through the joint ventures. Participation offoreign equity share is not limited
4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section1) Unbound*
2) None3) None
4) Unbound except as indicated in the
horizontal section
2 COMMUNIC-
ATION
SERVICES
B. Courier Services
(CPC 7512)1) None
2) None3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section1) None
2) None3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in the 
horizontal sectionGATS/SC/129
Page 13Modes of Supply: (1) Cross-border supply (2) Consumption abroad (3) Commercial presence (4) Presence of natural persons
Sector or Sub-sector Limitations on Market Access Limitations on National Treatment Additional commitments
C. Telecommunication 
Services
The commitments
taken by Georgia arebased on the
scheduling principles
provided by thefollowing documents:
"Notes for
Scheduling Basic
Telecom Services
Commitments"(S/GBT/W/2/Rev.1)and "Market AccessLimitations onSpectrum
Availability"
(S/GBT/W/3)None except for "joint stock"
companies established or authorised tooperate or supply services as of thedate of accession, at least one third ofthe membership of joint stock
company’s board of directors must be
Georgian nationals resident in thecountry.
Starting no later than 1 January 2004,
none. This limitation does not apply to
holding companies.Georgia undertakes the
obligations contained in thereference paper attachedhereto
a) Voice telephone
services (CPC7521)
b) Packet-switched data
transmission services
(CPC 7523*)
c) Circuit-switched data
transmission services(CPC 7523*)
d) Telex services
(CPC 7523*)1) None
2) None3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section1) None
2) None3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in the 
horizontal sectionGATS/SC/129
Page 14
Modes of Supply: (1) Cross-border supply (2) Consumption abroad (3) Commercial presence (4) Presence of natural persons
Sector or Sub-sector Limitations on Market Access Limitations on National Treatment Additional commitments
e) Telegraph services 
(CPC 7522)
f) Facsimile services 
(CPC 7521*+7529*)
g) Private leased circuit
services
(CPC 7522*+7523*)
h) Electronic mail
(CPC 7523*)
i) Voice mail
(CPC 7523*)
j) On-line information
and database retrieval
(CPC 7523*)
k) Electronic data
interchange (EDI)(CPC 7523*)
l) Enhanced/value-
added facsimile
services, includingstore and forward,store and retrieve(CPC 7523*).GATS/SC/129
Page 15Modes of Supply: (1) Cross-border supply (2) Consumption abroad (3) Commercial presence (4) Presence of natural persons
Sector or Sub-sector Limitations on Market Access Limitations on National Treatment Additional commitments
m) Code and protocol
conversion
n) On-line information
and/or dataprocessing (incl.
Transaction
processing)(CPC 843*)
o) Other mobile services
analogue/Digital
cellular services
(CPC 75213*)PCS (personalcommunicationservices,CPC 75213*)
Paging services
(CPC 75291*)Mobile data services (CPC 7523*)
D. Audio-visual services
a) Motion picture and
video tape production
and distributionservices
 (CPC 9611)1) None
2) None
3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section1) None
2) None
3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in the 
horizontal section
b) Motion picture 
projection services
(CPC 9612)1) None
2) None
3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section1) None
2) None
3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in the 
horizontal sectionGATS/SC/129
Page 16
Modes of Supply: (1) Cross-border supply (2) Consumption abroad (3) Commercial presence (4) Presence of natural persons
Sector or Sub-sector Limitations on Market Access Limitations on National Treatment Additional commitments
c) Radio and television
services excludingtransmission services(CPC 9613exc.96133)1) None
2) None3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section1) None
2) None3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in the 
horizontal section
e) Sound recording 1) None
2) None3) None other than: Foreign persons are allowed to supply
services only through joint ventures. Participation offoreign equity share is not limited
4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section1) None
2) None3) None
4) Unbound except as indicated in the 
horizontal section
3. CONSTRUCTION
AND RELATEDENGINEERINGSERVICES
A. General construction
work for buildings
(CPC 512)1) Unbound other than consulting and advisory services
2) None
3) None
4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal sectionNone except for "joint stock"
companies established or authorised tooperate or supply services as of thedate of accession, at least one third of
the membership of joint stock
company’s board of directors must beGeorgian nationals resident in thecountry.Starting no later than 1 January 2004,
none.
This limitation does not apply toholding companies.
1) Unbound other than consulting and 
advisory services
2) None
3) Not less than 50% of the entire staff
must be Georgian citizens
4) Unbound except as indicated in the
horizontal sectionGATS/SC/129
Page 17Modes of Supply: (1) Cross-border supply (2) Consumption abroad (3) Commercial presence (4) Presence of natural persons
Sector or Sub-sector Limitations on Market Access Limitations on National Treatment Additional commitments
B. General construction
work for civil
engineering
(CPC 513)1) Unbound other than consulting and advisory service
2) None
3) None
4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section1) Unbound other than consulting and
advisory services
2) None3) Not less than 50% of the entire staff
must be Georgian citizens
4) Unbound except as indicated in the
horizontal section
C. Installation and
assembling work
(CPC 514+516)1) Unbound other than consulting and advisory services
2) None
3) None
4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section1) Unbound other than consulting and
advisory services
2) None3) Not less than 50% of the entire staff
must be Georgian citizens
4) Unbound except as indicated in the 
horizontal section
D. Building completion
and finishing work
(CPC 517)1) Unbound other than consulting and advisory services
2) None
3) None
4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section1) Unbound other than consulting and 
advisory services
2) None3) Not less than 50% of the entire staff
must be Georgian citizens
4) Unbound except as indicated in the
horizontal section
E. Other
(CPC 511,515,518)1) Unbound other than consulting and advisory services
2) None
3) None
4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section1) Unbound other than consulting and
advisory services
2) None
3) Not less than 50% of the entire staff
must be Georgian citizens
4) Unbound except as indicated in the
horizontal section
4. DISTRIBUTION
SERVICES
A. Commission agents
services
(CPC 621)1) None
2) None3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section1) None
2) None3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in the
horizontal sectionGATS/SC/129
Page 18
Modes of Supply: (1) Cross-border supply (2) Consumption abroad (3) Commercial presence (4) Presence of natural persons
Sector or Sub-sector Limitations on Market Access Limitations on National Treatment Additional commitments
B. Wholesale trade
services
(CPC 622)1) None
2) None3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section1) None
2) None3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in the 
horizontal section
C. Retailing services
(CPC 631+ 632 +611 + 612)1) None
2) None
3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section1) None
2) None
3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in the 
horizontal section
D. Franchising
(CPC 8929)1) None
2) None
3) None
4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section1) None
2) None
3) None
4) Unbound except as indicated in the 
horizontal section
5. EDUCATIONAL
SERVICES
A. Primary education
services
(CPC 921)1) None
2) None
3) None
4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section1) None
2) None
3) None
4) Unbound except as indicated in the 
horizontal section
B. Secondary education
services
Privately FundedOnly(CPC 922*)1) None
2) None
3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section1) None
2) None
3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in the 
horizontal section
C. Higher education
services
Privately FundedOnly(CPC 923*)1) None
2) None
3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section1) None
2) None
3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in the 
horizontal sectionGATS/SC/129
Page 19Modes of Supply: (1) Cross-border supply (2) Consumption abroad (3) Commercial presence (4) Presence of natural persons
Sector or Sub-sector Limitations on Market Access Limitations on National Treatment Additional commitments
D. Adult education
(CPC 924)1) None
2) None3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section1) None
2) None3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in the
horizontal section
6. ENVIRONMENTAL
SERVICES
A. Sewage services
(CPC 9401)1) Unbound other than consulting and advisory services
2) None
3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section1) Unbound other than consulting and
advisory services
2) None3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in the
horizontal section
B. Refuse disposal
services
(CPC 9402)1) Unbound other than consulting and advisory services
2) None
3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section1) Unbound other than consulting and
advisory services
2) None3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in the 
horizontal section
C. Sanitation and similar
services
(CPC 9403)1) Unbound other than consulting and advisory services
2) None
3) None
4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section1) Unbound other than consulting and
advisory services
2) None3) None
4) Unbound except as indicated in the
horizontal section
D. Cleaning services of
exhaust gases
(CPC 9404)1) Unbound other than consulting and advisory services
2) None
3) None
4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section1) Unbound other than consulting and
advisory services
2) None3) None
4) Unbound except as indicated in the
horizontal sectionGATS/SC/129
Page 20
Modes of Supply: (1) Cross-border supply (2) Consumption abroad (3) Commercial presence (4) Presence of natural persons
Sector or Sub-sector Limitations on Market Access Limitations on National Treatment Additional commitments
E. Noise abatement
services
(CPC 9405)1) Unbound other than consulting and advisory services
2) None
3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section1) Unbound other than consulting and
advisory services
2) None3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in the 
horizontal section
F. Other nature and
landscape protection
services
(CPC 9406)1) Unbound other than consulting and advisory services
2) None
3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section1) Unbound other than consulting and
advisory services
2) None3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in the
horizontal section
G. Other environmental
protection services
(CPC 9409)1) None
2) None3) None other than:  Foreign persons are allowed to supply
services only through the joint ventures. Participation offoreign equity share is not limited
4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section1) None
2) None3) None
4) Unbound except as indicated in the
horizontal sectionGATS/SC/129
Page 21Modes of Supply: (1) Cross-border supply (2) Consumption abroad (3) Commercial presence (4) Presence of natural persons
Sector or Sub-sector Limitations on Market Access Limitations on National Treatment Additional commitments
7. FINANCIAL
SERVICES
A. Insurance and
insurance-related
services
a) Life, accident and
health insurance
services (except
workerscompensationinsurance)
 (CPC 81211+81291+
81212) 
    
 
    
 
 1) Allowed for service suppliers who have established a
commercial presence in Georgia and who are permitted tosupply direct insurance for residents of Georgia
 2) None
 3) None
 4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section None except for "joint stock"
companies established or authorised tooperate or supply services as of thedate of accession, at least one third ofthe membership of joint stock
company’s board of directors must be
Georgian nationals resident in thecountry. Starting no later than1 January 2004, none. This limitationdoes not apply to holding companies.
 
 1) Unbound
   2) None
 3) None
 4) Unbound except as indicated in the
horizontal section
b) Non-life insurance
services(CPC 8129 excl.81291 and excl.81293) 1) Allowed for service suppliers who have established a
commercial presence in Georgia and who are permitted tosupply direct insurance for residents of Georgia
 2) None
 3) None
 4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section 1) Unbound
   2) None
3) None 4) Unbound except as indicated in the
horizontal section
- Marine, aviation and
other transportinsurance services(CPC 81293)1) Unbound except direct insurance regarding international
transport involving import into Georgia where None
2) None3) None 4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section 1) None
  2) None
3) None 4) Unbound except as indicated in the
horizontal sectionGATS/SC/129
Page 22
Modes of Supply: (1) Cross-border supply (2) Consumption abroad (3) Commercial presence (4) Presence of natural persons
Sector or Sub-sector Limitations on Market Access Limitations on National Treatment Additional commitments
c) Reinsurance and
retrocession(CPC 81299)1) None
2) None3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section1) None
2) None3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in the
horizontal section
d) Services auxiliary to
insurance such as
consultancy,actuarial, riskassessment andclaims settlementservices
(CPC 8140)1) None
2) None
3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section1) None
2) None
3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in the
horizontal section
Insuranceintermediation, suchas brokerage andagency(CPC 8140)1) None
2) None3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section1) None
2) None3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in the
horizontal section 
B. Banking and other
Financial Services
 a) Acceptance of
deposits and other
repayable funds from
the republic
 (CPC 81115-81119)1) None
2) None
3) None
4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section1) None
2) None
3) None
4) Unbound except as indicated in the
horizontal section 
b) Lending of all types,
include, inter alia,
consumer credit,
mortgage credit,factoring andfinancing ofcommercialtransaction
(CPC 8113)1) None
2) None
3) None
4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section1) None
2) None
3) None
4) Unbound except as indicated in the
horizontal section GATS/SC/129
Page 23Modes of Supply: (1) Cross-border supply (2) Consumption abroad (3) Commercial presence (4) Presence of natural persons
Sector or Sub-sector Limitations on Market Access Limitations on National Treatment Additional commitments
 c) Financial leasing
 (CPC 8112)1) None
2) None3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section1) None
2) None3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in the
horizontal section 
 d) All payment and
money transmission
services
 (CPC 81339)1) None
2) None
3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section1) None
2) None
3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in the
horizontal section 
 e) Guarantees and
commitments
 (CPC 81199)1) None
2) None
3) None
4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section1) None
2) None
3) None
4) Unbound except as indicated in the
horizontal section 
 f) Trading for own
account or foraccount of customers,
whether on an
exchange, in an over-the-counter market orotherwise, thefollowing:1) None
2) None3) None
4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section1) None
2) None3) None
4) Unbound except as indicated in the
horizontal section
 -m o n e y  m a r k e t
instruments (cheques,bills, certificate ofdeposits, etc.) (CPC81339);
 - foreign exchange;
(CPC 81333)1) None
2) None3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section1) None
2) None3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in the
horizontal section
 - Derivative products
including but notlimited to, futures andoptions; (CPC 81339)1) None
2) None3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section1) None
2) None3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in the
horizontal sectionGATS/SC/129
Page 24
Modes of Supply: (1) Cross-border supply (2) Consumption abroad (3) Commercial presence (4) Presence of natural persons
Sector or Sub-sector Limitations on Market Access Limitations on National Treatment Additional commitments
 - exchange rate and
interest rateinstruments,including productssuch as swaps,
forward rate
agreements,etc.(CPC 81339)1) None
2) None3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section1) None
2) None3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in the
horizontal section
 -  transferable
securities;
 - (CPC 81321)
 1) None
2) None3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section1) None
2) None3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in the
horizontal section
- other negotiable
instruments andfinancial assets,including bullion(CPC 81339)1) None
2) None3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section1) None
2) None3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in the
horizontal section
 g) Participation in issues
of all kinds ofsecurities, includingunderwriting andplacement as agent
(whether publicly or
privately) andprovision of servicerelated to such issues;(CPC 8132) 1) None
 2) None
 3) None
4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section 1) None
 2) None
 3) None
4) Unbound except as indicated in the 
horizontal section
 h) Money broking;
 (CPC 81339)
  1) None
 2) None
 3) None
 4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section 1) None
 2) None
 3) None
 4) Unbound except as indicated in the
horizontal sectionGATS/SC/129
Page 25Modes of Supply: (1) Cross-border supply (2) Consumption abroad (3) Commercial presence (4) Presence of natural persons
Sector or Sub-sector Limitations on Market Access Limitations on National Treatment Additional commitments
 i) Asset management
such as cash orportfoliomanagement, allforms of collective
investment
management, pensionfunding, custodial,depository and trustservices (CPC 8119,
81323) 1) None
 2) None
 3) None
 4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section 1) None
 2) None
 3) None
 4) Unbound except as indicated in the
horizontal section
 j) Settlement and
clearing services for
financial assets, incl.securities, derivativeproducts, and othernegotiableinstruments
 (CPC 81339, 81319) 1) None
 2) None
 3) None
 4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section 1) None
 2) None
 3) None
 4) Unbound except as indicated in the
horizontal sectionGATS/SC/129
Page 26
Modes of Supply: (1) Cross-border supply (2) Consumption abroad (3) Commercial presence (4) Presence of natural persons
Sector or Sub-sector Limitations on Market Access Limitations on National Treatment Additional commitments
 k) Advisory, inter-
mediation and otherauxiliary financialservices on all theactivities listed in
5(a)(v) through (xv)
of the Annex onFinancial Services,incl. credit referenceand analysis,
investment and
portfolio research andadvice, advice onacquisitions and oncorporaterestructuring and
strategy
 (CPC 8131, 8133) 1) None
 2) None
 3) None
 4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section 1) None
 2) None
 3) None
 4) Unbound except as indicated in the
horizontal section
 l) Provision and transfer
of financialinformation andfinancial dataprocessing and
related software by
providers of otherfinancial services
 (CPC 8131, 842, 844)
  1) None
 2) None
 3) None
 4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section 1) None
 2) None
 3) None
 4) Unbound except as indicated in the
horizontal sectionGATS/SC/129
Page 27Modes of Supply: (1) Cross-border supply (2) Consumption abroad (3) Commercial presence (4) Presence of natural persons
Sector or Sub-sector Limitations on Market Access Limitations on National Treatment Additional commitments
8. HEALTH RELATED
AND SOCIALSERVICES
The knowledge ofGeorgian language
(the State language)
is obligatory forpharmacists, whoworks in Georgia.
A. Management and
operation by contract
of hospital and
healthcare facilities
on a "for fee"basis"
 (CPC 931) 1) None
 2) None
 3) None
 4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section 1) None
 2) None
 3) None
 4) Unbound except as indicated in the
horizontal section
B. Other Human Health
Services
(CPC 9319, other
than 93191)
  1) None
 2) None
 3) None
 4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section 1) None
 2) None
 3) one
 4) Unbound except as indicated in the
horizontal section
C. Social Services
(CPC 933)
  1) None
 2) None
 3) None
 4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section 1) None
 2) None
 3) None
 4) Unbound except as indicated in the
horizontal section
9. TOURISM AND
TRAVEL RELATEDSERVICES
A. Hotels and
restaurants (including
catering)
(CPC 641-643) 1) Unbound*
 2) None
 3) None
 4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section 1) Unbound*
 2) None
 3) None
 4) Unbound except as indicated in the
horizontal sectionGATS/SC/129
Page 28
Modes of Supply: (1) Cross-border supply (2) Consumption abroad (3) Commercial presence (4) Presence of natural persons
Sector or Sub-sector Limitations on Market Access Limitations on National Treatment Additional commitments
B. Travel Agencies and
Tour Operators
Services
(CPC 7471) 1) None
 2) None
 3) None
 4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section 1) None
 2) None
 3) None
 4) Unbound except as indicated in the
horizontal section
C. Tourist Guides
Services
(CPC 7472) 1) None
 2) None
 3) None
 4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section 1) None
 2) None
 3) None
 4) Unbound except as indicated in the
horizontal section
10. RECREATIONAL,
CULTURAL AND
SPORTING
SERVICES
A. Entertainment
Services (including
theatre, live bands
and circus services)
(CPC 9619) 1) None
 2) None
 3) None
 4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section 1) None
 2) None
 3) None
 4) Unbound except as indicated in the
horizontal section
B. News Agency
Services
(CPC 962)1) None
2) None3) None
4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section1) None
2) None3) None
4) Unbound except as indicated in the
horizontal section
C. Libraries, Archives,
Museums and other
Cultural Services
(CPC 963)1) None
2) None3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section1) None
2) None3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in the
horizontal section
D. Sporting and other
Recreational Services
(CPC 964)1) None
2) None3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section1) None
2) None3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in the
horizontal sectionGATS/SC/129
Page 29Modes of Supply: (1) Cross-border supply (2) Consumption abroad (3) Commercial presence (4) Presence of natural persons
Sector or Sub-sector Limitations on Market Access Limitations on National Treatment Additional commitments
11. TRANSPORT
SERVICESNone except for "joint stock"
companies established or authorised tooperate or supply services as of thedate of accession, at least one third ofthe membership of joint stock
company’s board of directors must be
Georgian nationals resident in thecountry. Starting no later than1 January 2004, none. This limitationdoes not apply to holding companies.
A. Maritime Transport
Services
b) Freight transportation
(CPC 7212**)1) Unbound*
2) None3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section1) None
2) None3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in the
horizontal section
c) Rental of vessels with
crew(CPC 7213)1) Unbound*
2) None3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section1) None
2) None3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in the 
horizontal section
d) Maintenance and
repair of vessels(CPC 8868**)1) Unbound*
2) None3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section1) Unbound*
2) None3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in the
horizontal section
e) Pushing and towing
services
(CPC 7214)1) Unbound*
2) None
3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section1) Unbound*
2) None
3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in the
horizontal sectionGATS/SC/129
Page 30
Modes of Supply: (1) Cross-border supply (2) Consumption abroad (3) Commercial presence (4) Presence of natural persons
Sector or Sub-sector Limitations on Market Access Limitations on National Treatment Additional commitments
C. Air Transport
Services
b) Sales and marketing,
including computerreservation systems1) None
2) None3) None
4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section1) None
2) None3) None
4) Unbound except as indicated in the
horizontal section
d) Maintenance and
repair of aircraft(CPC 8868**)1) Unbound*
2) None3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section1) Unbound*
2) None3) None4) Unbound except as indicated in the
horizontal section
E. Rail Transport
Services
(CPC 7111, 7112, 7113)1) Unbound
2) None3) Railroad infrastructure is the state property and its
exploitation is a monopoly
- Rail transport:  None
4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section1) Unbound
2) None3) Railroad infrastructure is the state
property and its exploitation is amonopoly
- Rail transport:  None
4) Unbound except as indicated in the
horizontal section
d) Maintenance and
repair of rail transportequipment
(CPC 8868**)1) Unbound*
2) None3) None
4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section1) Unbound*
2) None3) None
4) Unbound except as indicated in the
horizontal section
F. Road Transport
Services
d) Maintenance and
repair of road
transport equipment
(CPC 6112+8867)1) Unbound*
2) None
3) None
4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section1) Unbound*
2) None
3) None
4) Unbound except as indicated in the
horizontal sectionGATS/SC/129
Page 31Modes of Supply: (1) Cross-border supply (2) Consumption abroad (3) Commercial presence (4) Presence of natural persons
Sector or Sub-sector Limitations on Market Access Limitations on National Treatment Additional commitments
e) Freight transportation
Services(CPC 7123)1) None
2) None3) None other than : Foreign persons are allowed to supply
services only through the joint ventures. Participation offoreign equity share is not limited
4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section1) None
2) None3) None
4) Unbound except as indicated in the
horizontal section
H. Services auxiliary to
all modes of transport
a) Cargo handling
services(CPC 741)1) Unbound*
2) None3) None other than : Foreign persons are allowed to supply
services only through the joint ventures. Participation of
foreign equity share is not limited
4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section1) Unbound*
2) None3) None
4) Unbound except as indicated in the
horizontal section
b) Storage and
warehousing services
(CPC 742)1) Unbound*
2) None
3) None other than : Foreign persons are allowed to supply
services only through the joint ventures. Participation offoreign equity share is not limited
4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section1) Unbound*
2) None
3) None
4) Unbound except as indicated in the 
horizontal section
c) Freight transport
agency services(CPC 748)1) Unbound
2) None3) None other than:  Foreign persons are allowed to supply
services only through the joint ventures. Participation offoreign equity share is not limited
4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section1) Unbound
2) None3) None
4) Unbound except as indicated in the
horizontal sectionGATS/SC/129
Page 32
Modes of Supply: (1) Cross-border supply (2) Consumption abroad (3) Commercial presence (4) Presence of natural persons
Sector or Sub-sector Limitations on Market Access Limitations on National Treatment Additional commitments
d) Other supporting and
auxiliary transportservices(CPC 749*)
- Freight brokerage 
services;
- Bill auditing and
freight rateinformation services1) None
2) None3) None other than:  Foreign persons are allowed to supply
services only through the joint ventures. Participation offoreign equity share is not limited
4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section1) None
2) None3) None
4) Unbound except as indicated in the
horizontal section
- Freight inspection
services1) None
2) None
3) None
4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section1) None
2) None
3) None
4) Unbound except as indicated in the
horizontal sectionGATS/SC/129
Page 33
ANNEX
REFERENCE PAPER
Scope
The following are definitions and principles on the regulatory framework for the basic
telecommunications services.
Definitions
Users mean service consumers and service suppliers.
Essential facilities mean facilities of a public telecommunications transport network or service that
(a) are exclusively or predominantly provided by a single or limited number of suppliers;
and
(b) cannot feasibly be economically or technically substituted in order to provide a
service.
A major supplier is a supplier which has the ability to materially affect the terms of participation
(having regard to price and supply) in the relevant market for basic telecommunications services as a
result of:
(a) control over essential facilities;  or
(b) use of its position in the market.
1.  Competitive safeguards
1.1  Prevention of anti-competitive practices in telecommunications
Appropriate measures shall be maintained for the purpose of preventing suppliers who, alone
or together, are a major supplier from engaging in or continuing anti-competitive practices.
1.2  Safeguards
The anti-competitive practices referred to above shall include in particular:
(a) engaging in anti-competitive cross-subsidization;
(b) using information obtained from competitors with anti-competitive results;  and(c) not making available to other services suppliers on a timely basis technical
information about essential facilities and commercially relevant information whichare necessary for them to provide services.
2.  Interconnection
2.1 This section applies to linking with suppliers providing public telecommunications transport
networks or services in order to allow the users of one supplier to communicate with users of another
supplier and to access services provided by another supplier, where specific commitments are
undertaken.GATS/SC/129
Page 34
2.2  Interconnection to be ensured
Interconnection with a major supplier will be ensured at any technically feasible point in the
network.  Such interconnection is provided.
(a) under non-discriminatory terms, conditions (including technical standards and
specifications) and rates and of a quality no less favourable than that provided for its
own like services or for like services of non-affiliated service suppliers or for its
subsidiaries or other affiliates;
(b)  in a timely fashion, on terms, conditions (including technical standards and
specifications) and cost-oriented rates that are transparent, reasonable, having regard
to economic feasibility, and sufficiently unbundled so that the supplier need not pay
for network components or facilities that it does not require for the service to be
provided;  and
(c)  upon request, at points in addition to the network termination points offered to the
majority of users, subject to charges that reflect the cost of construction of necessaryadditional facilities.
2.3  Public availability of the procedures for interconnection negotiations
The procedures applicable for interconnection to a major supplier will be made publicly
available.
2.4  Transparency of interconnection arrangements
It is ensured that a major supplier will make publicly available either its interconnection
agreements or a reference interconnection offer.
2.5  Interconnection:  dispute settlement
A service supplier requesting interconnection with a major supplier will have recourse, either:(a) at any time or
 (b) after a reasonable period of time which has been made publicly known to an
independent domestic body, which may be a regulatory body as referred to in
paragraph 5 below, to resolve disputes regarding appropriate terms, conditions and
rates for interconnection within a reasonable period of time, to the extent that these
have not been established previously.
3.  Universal service
Any Member has the right to define the kind of universal service obligation it wishes to
maintain.  Such obligations will not be regarded as anti-competitive per se, provided they areadministered in a transparent, non-discriminatory and competitively neutral manner and are not more
burdensome than necessary for the kind of universal service defined by the Member.GATS/SC/129
Page 35
4. Public availability of licensing criteria
Where a license is required, the following will be made publicly available:
(a) all the licensing criteria and the period of time normally required to reach a decision
concerning an application for a license;  and
(b) the terms and conditions of individual licenses.
The reasons for the denial of a license will be made known to the applicant upon request.5.  Independent regulators
The regulatory body is separate from, and not accountable to, any supplier of basic
telecommunications services. The decisions of and the procedures used by regulators shall be
impartial with respect to all market participants.
6.  Allocation and use of scarce resources
Any procedures for the allocation and use of scarce resources, including frequencies, numbers and
rights of way, will be carried out in an objective, timely, transparent and non-discriminatory manner.
The current state of allocated frequency bands will be made publicly available, but detailedidentification of frequencies allocated for specific government uses is not required.
__________