WORLD TRADE
ORGANIZATIONTN/MA/W/25/Add.1
13 May 2003
(03-2529)
Negotiating Group on Market Access
NON-TARRIFF BARRIER NOTIFICATIONS
Addendum
I. EUROPEAN CO MMUNITIES ...............................................................................................2
II. MACAO, CHINA................................................................................................................ ......7
III. NORWAY1............................................................................................................................... ..8
IV. SWITZ ERLA ND................................................................................................................. ....44
V. SEPARATE CUSTOMS TERRITORY OF TAIWAN, PENGHU, KINMEN
AND MATS U ...................................................................................................................... ....49
VI. URUG UAY ..................................................................................................................... .........53
                                                     
1 The information for Norway completely replaces the incomplete information produced in
document TN/MA/W/25, which was due to technical problems with the file received.TN/MA/W/25/Add.1
Page 2
I. EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES
Maintaining
ParticipantProducts affected by
the barrierNature of the barrier Tr ade Effects of the
barrierInventory
categoryRelevant WTO
provisionTreatment of the
barrier
12 3 4 5 6 7
Textiles and leather
(including HS 4104)A Member prohibited the export
of raw hides and skins and bovinewet blue, whilst on exports of goatand sheep wet blue it levied 40 %
export duty.
Article XI of GATT 1994prohibits quantitative exportrestrictions, export licences andexport embargoes unless it can bedemonstrated that the restrictions
are temporary and are aimed at
relieving a critical shortage ofproducts essential to the exportingMember. The Member referred todid not state that the restrictions
were temporary. FAO statistics,
furthermore, did not bear out anycritical shortage.Further to WTO consultations, theMember replaced the export banwith export duties on raw hides
and skins, wet blue, tanned hides
and skins.Export duties placed
upon hides and skinsresult in serious marketaccess difficulties for the
EC industry.
According to FAOfigures, exports of hidesand skins by the Memberimposing these barriersamounted to zero  in
1994. The current rates of
export duties amount to ade facto export ban.Export taxes MultilateralTN/MA/W/25/Add.1
Page 3Maintaining
ParticipantProducts affected by
the barrierNature of the barrier Tr ade Effects of the
barrierInventory
categoryRelevant WTO
provisionTreatment of the
barrier
12 3 4 5 6 7
The EU tanning industryestimates that in 2001 theloss caused by themeasures referred to wasover € 35,5 million.
Such export restrictions
artificially insulate thelocal leather market,provide an unfaircompetitive advantage tolocal tanners that,
sheltered from
international competition,do not strengthen specificcompetitive advantagesor improve their
technology in order, for
instance, to reduce theenvironmental impact ofthe tanning activity.Most notably, because ofsuch export duties
producers of the raw
materials are generallypaid prices that are belowworld market prices.TN/MA/W/25/Add.1
Page 4
Maintaining
ParticipantProducts affected by
the barrierNature of the barrier Tr ade Effects of the
barrierInventory
categoryRelevant WTO
provisionTreatment of the
barrier
12 3 4 5 6 7
Horizontal A Member’s government actively
promoted a campaign called "Buy[National] Products" to encouragethe sale of domestic products andto reduce imports.
The campaign was aimed at
describing imports as unpatrioticand consisted of differentmeasures: aggressive promotionof domestic products andcompanies, including through
press, websites, and TV
advertising, trade fairs, etc.In some cases the campaignincluded threats to companiesimporting goods deemed to be
“available” in the country, as well
as other anti-import initiativessuch as discriminatory tax audits,biased criticism of foreignproducts, publication of biasedstatistics by government agencies,
etc.
Buy [national] campaign, insofarthey are directly operated bygovernment agencies (and notcivil society or non governmentalorganisations), can be considered
as restrictive practices having
voluntary protectionist effects.The negative atmosphere
created by this campaignhit EU industries, bothfor consumer and forcapital goods. In
particular several
consumer goods imports(e.g. cosmetics, fashionitems, cars, or homeappliances) plummetedbecause they had been
described as products
sold with excessivedistribution margins andconsequently at prices notjustified by the products’
intrinsic value.Buy national
campaignMultilateralTN/MA/W/25/Add.1
Page 5Maintaining
ParticipantProducts affected by
the barrierNature of the barrier Tr ade Effects of the
barrierInventory
categoryRelevant WTO
provisionTreatment of the
barrier
12 3 4 5 6 7
Dual use goods A Member has established a
comprehensive system of exportcontrols to prevent exports of dualuse goods to specific destinations.Other Members do so and this is
not questionable.
However, the system of theMember concerned requires, inter
alia, that companies based or
operating in the EU comply withthat Member’s “re-export”
controls, including prohibitions on
re-exports to specific destinationsbecause of national security andforeign policy reasons.Grave concerns are raised by
measures providing for sanctions
(prohibition of contracting orprocurement, bans on imports,etc.) against foreign companiesviolating their own countries'export controls, whenever such
violations are considered by the
referred Member to have had adetrimental effect on nationalsecurity.The Member did also put in placeother trade measures having
extraterritorial effects.The extraterritorial nature
of such export controlshas had seriousrepercussions on EUcompanies.Application of
national lawsandregulationsoutside
national
bordersMultilateralTN/MA/W/25/Add.1
Page 6
Maintaining
ParticipantProducts affected by
the barrierNature of the barrier Tr ade Effects of the
barrierInventory
categoryRelevant WTO
provisionTreatment of the
barrier
12 3 4 5 6 7
Horizontal Administrative tiers below the
central government have activelypromoted selective purchasinglaws, whereby access ofcompanies to contracts is severely
or completely curtailed on the
basis of the companies’ businesslinks with specific third countries.The EU strongly objects
to such attempts toregulate the behaviour ofEU companies that areacting in full compliance
with EU laws and
regulations.Regulations
by local,regional orindependentauthorities and
bodiesMultilateralTN/MA/W/25/Add.1
Page 7II. MACAO, CHINA
Maintaining
ParticipantProducts affected by
the barrierNature of the barrier Tr ade Effects of the
barrierInventory
categoryRelevant WTO
provisionTreatment of the
barrier
12 3 4 5 6 7
Clothing and textileproducts- Quotas
- Customs proceduresImpeding and/or
restricting effects on
market accessParts II and
IVAGATT It could be
discussed under the
Trade Facilitation
umbrella.TN/MA/W/25/Add.1
Page 8
III. NORWAY
The notification is structured in two parts.  Part I provides a summary of the NTBs which Norwegian economic operators face.  T he NTBs are grouped
into seven categories with fairly generic descriptions.  This table is based on the information provided in part II where the N TBs are grouped according to
individual maintaining members.  For the moment these members remain unidentified and alternative references are used.
A. PART I
Maintaining
ParticipantProducts affected by
the barrierNature of the barrier Trade Effects of
the barrierInventory
categoryRelevant WTO
provisionTreatment of the
barrier
Generic
Fish and fish
productsCUSTOMS PRACTICES/
ADMINISTRATIVEPROCEDURES
• Extensive documentation
requirements
• Special invoice requirements
• Documents must be
authenticated by embassy/
chamber of commerce
• Lack of transparency as to
existing tariff levels
• Customs tariff based on
CCCN
• Customs tariff not clearly
based on any recognised
international customsclassification code
• Clean report of findings
required prior to export.
• Quality certificates required/
Health certificates requiredAdditional time and
costPart II C / D /
G
Part IV L
Part IIIGATT art. VIII
Agreement on
SPS/TBTTN/MA/W/25/Add.1
Page 9Maintaining
ParticipantProducts affected by
the barrierNature of the barrier Trade Effects of
the barrierInventory
categoryRelevant WTO
provisionTreatment of the
barrier
Generic CUSTOMS FEES, EXTRA
TAXES AND SURCHARGES
• Statistical fee/ tax
• Customs surcharges and fees.
• High fees related to financial
transactions
• Port taxes, inspection tax
• Customs fee for shipmentsAdditional cost Part V B GATT art. VIII
Generic STANDARDS AND
CERTIFICATION
• National standards different
from international standards
• Product, environment and
labelling requirements
• Advance approval of
products/ Attestation,certification requirements
• Special registration
requirements
• Comprehensive safety
regulations/ Special sanitaryand health related
requirementsAdditional time and
costPart III B
Part IV K
Part III
Part IV L
Part III/PartIV KAgreement on
TBT/SPS
Agreement on
TBT/SPSTN/MA/W/25/Add.1
Page 10
Maintaining
ParticipantProducts affected by
the barrierNature of the barrier Trade Effects of
the barrierInventory
categoryRelevant WTO
provisionTreatment of the
barrier
Generic QUANTITATIVE
RESTRICTIONS AND
IMPORT LICENSING
• Special requirements
regarding registration and
import licences
• Import prohibitions and
import quotas
• Anti-dumping measuresAdditional time and
cost
Part IV A
Part II AAgreement on Import
Licensing ProceduresGATT art. XIGATT art. VI
Generic PRESHIPMENT INSPECTION
• Specific limitations.
• Comprehensive regulations
for preshipment inspection.
• Preshipment inspection
required for all shipments/shipments of certain goodsAdditional time and
costPart IV L Agreement on
Preshipment Inspection
Generic CURRENCY RESTRICTIONS
• Exchange restrictions/
control.
• Currency licence required for
shipment of goods.
• Foreign currency controlled
by domestic central bankAdditional cost Part IV D GATT art. VIII
Generic OTHERS
• Transportation must be
insured in importing country
• National transport regulationsAdditional time and
costPart II G – IV
LGATT art. VIIITN/MA/W/25/Add.1
Page 11B. PART II
1. Import Restrictions
Maintaining
ParticipantProducts affected by
the barrierNature of the barrier Tr ade Effects of the
barrierInventory
categoryRelevant WTO
provisionTreatment of the
barrier
12 3 4 5 6 7
Generic Import license required. Validity
of license: 6 months.Additional time and cost Part IV A Agreement on
Import LicensingProcedures
Generic National importer must be
registered by customs authorities.
Frequent changes in regulations
on license requirements.Additional time required
prior to exportsPart IV A Agreement on
Import Licensing
Procedures
Pharmaceutical
productsSpecial requirements regarding
registration.Additional time and cost Part IV A Agreement on
Import LicensingProcedures
Textiles, clothing,footwearImport license required for some
products.Additional time and cost Part IV A Agreement on
Import LicensingProcedures
Generic Registration required for all
importers. Goods on "restricted
list" can only be imported byapproved importers.Additional time and cost Part IV A Agreement on
Import Licensing
Procedures
Generic Import license required for most
goods.Additional time and cost Part IV A Agreement on
Import LicensingProcedures
Generic All importers need to have a
"company import license".Additional time and cost Part IV A Agreement on
Import Licensing
Procedures
Generic Comprehensive licensing system Ambiguity with respect
to product coverage oflicensing arrangement.Part IV A Agreement on
Import LicensingProcedures
Generic Import license required for all
goods. Validity of license: 4months.Additional time and cost Part IV A Agreement on
Import LicensingProceduresTN/MA/W/25/Add.1
Page 12
Maintaining
ParticipantProducts affected by
the barrierNature of the barrier Tr ade Effects of the
barrierInventory
categoryRelevant WTO
provisionTreatment of the
barrier
12 3 4 5 6 7
Generic Import license required for certain
products.Additional time and cost. Part IV A Agreement on
Import LicensingProcedures
Generic Import license required for almost
all goods. Import of usedmachines and electric appliances
restricted.Additional time and cost Part IV A Agreement on
Import LicensingProcedures
Generic Comprehensive system of import
regulation.Additional time and cost Part IV A Agreement on
Import LicensingProcedures
Generic Registration required for all
goods. Import license required forsome goods, incl. chemicals.Additional time and cost Part IV A Agreement on
Import LicensingProcedures
PharmaceuticalproductsImport license required. Additional time and cost Part IV A Agreement on
Import Licensing
Procedures
Pesticides, cosmetics Registration required. Additional time Part IV A Agreement on
Import LicensingProcedures
Generic Import restrictions such as import
prohibitions, import licenses andimport quotas for certain goods.Additional time and cost Part IV A Agreement on
Import LicensingProcedures
Generic Import restricted to state trading
companies or joint ventures with
import license and only for importof goods relevant for theircommercial activities.Limits exports.
Additional time and costPart IV A,
Part I AAgreement on
Import Licensing
Procedures,GATT art. XI
Generic Import license required for certain
machines, appliances andtransportation vehicles.Additional time and cost Part IV A Agreement on
Import LicensingProcedures
Generic Import license required for most
goods.Additional time and cost Part IV A Agreement on
Import Licensing
ProceduresTN/MA/W/25/Add.1
Page 13Maintaining
ParticipantProducts affected by
the barrierNature of the barrier Tr ade Effects of the
barrierInventory
categoryRelevant WTO
provisionTreatment of the
barrier
12 3 4 5 6 7
Chemical andpharmaceuticalproducts, leathergoodsImport license required. Additional time and cost Part IV A Agreement on
Import LicensingProcedures
Generic Import license required for
shipments. Validity of license: 6
months.Additional time and cost Part IV A Agreement on
Import Licensing
Procedures
Generic Import license required for all
goods. Validity of license: 6months.Additional time and cost Part IV A Agreement on
Import LicensingProcedures
Pharmaceuticalproducts, cosmeticsImport license required. Additional time and cost Part IV A Agreement on
Import LicensingProcedures
Generic Comprehensive import licensing
restrictions. Import of certain
medical products are prohibited,
while certain electrical andchemical products require license.Additional time and cost. Part IV A Agreement on
Import Licensing
Procedures
fish and fish products
e.q. cod, herring,mackerel, saitheimport licenses import restrictions PART IV Agreement on
import licensingprocedures
Generic Import of goods limited to
importers with import licenseAdditional time and cost. Part IV A Agreement on
Import Licensing
Procedures
fish and fish productse.q. cod, mackerel,herring, sardine.quantitative restrictions import restrictions PART IV (A) GATT XI
fish and fish products import licenses extra time and cost Part IV Import licensing
proceduresTN/MA/W/25/Add.1
Page 14
Maintaining
ParticipantProducts affected by
the barrierNature of the barrier Tr ade Effects of the
barrierInventory
categoryRelevant WTO
provisionTreatment of the
barrier
12 3 4 5 6 7
Telecommunicationsequipment,pharmaceuticals,cosmetics, sanitaryproductsImport license required. Additional time and cost. Part IV A Agreement on
Import LicensingProcedures
Generic Import license required for all
commercial import.Additional time and cost. Part IV A Agreement on
Import Licensing
Procedures
Generic Import license required for most
goods.Additional time and cost. Part IV A Agreement on
Import LicensingProcedures
Generic Import license required for certain
goods.Additional time and cost. Part IV A Agreement on
Import LicensingProcedures
Generic Import license required for certain
goods.Additional time and cost. Part IV A Agreement on
Import Licensing
Procedures
fish and fish products(ex.03.02, ex. 03.03,ex 16.04, ex.16.05)import licenses import restrictions PART IV (A) Agreement on
import licensingprocedures
Generic Import license required for most
goods.Additional time and cost. Part IV A Agreement on
Import Licensing
Procedures
Generic Import license required for most
goods.Additional time and cost. Part IV A Agreement on
Import LicensingProcedures
Chemical products,certain metalsImport license required. Additional time and cost. Part IV A Agreement on
Import LicensingProcedures
Generic Registration of all imports. Additional time and cost. Part IV A Agreement on
Import Licensing
ProceduresTN/MA/W/25/Add.1
Page 15Maintaining
ParticipantProducts affected by
the barrierNature of the barrier Tr ade Effects of the
barrierInventory
categoryRelevant WTO
provisionTreatment of the
barrier
12 3 4 5 6 7
Certain householdgoodsImport prohibition Limits exports. Part IV A Agreement on
Import LicensingProcedures
Generic Import restrictions on certain
products.Additional time and cost. Part IV A Agreement on
Import LicensingProcedures
Generic Registration required for all
importers. Imports of used clothes
prohibited.Additional time and cost. Part IV A Agreement on
Import Licensing
Procedures
Generic Import license required for certain
products, including gold andchemicals.Additional time and cost. Part IV A Agreement on
Import LicensingProcedures
Generic Comprehensive import licensing
procedures.Additional time and cost Part IV A Agreement on
Import LicensingProcedures
Generic Import license required for
shipment of certain goods with
value of above USD 5000,-.Additional time and cost Part IV A Agreement on
Import Licensing
Procedures
Motor vehicles Import license required. Additional time and cost Part IV A Agreement on
Import LicensingProcedures
Generic Quantitative restrictions on certain
products.Additional time and cost Part IV A Agreement on
Import Licensing
Procedures,
GATT art. XI
Generic Comprehensive licensing system Additional time and cost Part IV A Agreement on
Import LicensingProcedures
Generic Import licensing system for
various products.Additional time and cost Part IV A Agreement on
Import LicensingProceduresTN/MA/W/25/Add.1
Page 16
Maintaining
ParticipantProducts affected by
the barrierNature of the barrier Tr ade Effects of the
barrierInventory
categoryRelevant WTO
provisionTreatment of the
barrier
12 3 4 5 6 7
Generic Comprehensive system of import
regulation.Additional time and cost Part IV A Agreement on
Import LicensingProcedures
Generic Import license required for certain
products, including petroleum,some textiles, pharmaceutical
products where similar products
are being produced domestically.Additional time and cost.
Limits exports.Part IV A Agreement on
Import LicensingProcedures
Generic License required for certain
goods.Additional time and cost Part IV A Agreement on
Import LicensingProcedures
Generic All import must be registered.
License required from authoritiesfor exports that require after-sales
service.Additional time and cost Part IV A Agreement on
Import LicensingProcedures
Generic Importer is required to apply for
import certificate prior to imports.Additional time and cost Part IV A Agreement on
Import LicensingProcedures
Generic Import restrictions attached to
various goods.Additional time and cost Part IV A Agreement on
Import LicensingProcedures
whole fresh salmon anti-dumping measure marginal exports of the
products concernedPART II(A) GATT VI
Generic Comprehensive import
procedures.Additional time and cost Part IV A Agreement on
Import LicensingProcedures
Generic Compulsory registration for
imports of various products.Additional time and cost Part IV A Agreement on
Import LicensingProcedures
Electric apparatus Import restrictions Additional time and cost Part IV A Agreement on
Import Licensing
ProceduresTN/MA/W/25/Add.1
Page 172. Currency Restrictions
Maintaining
ParticipantProducts affected by
the barrierNature of the barrier Tr ade Effects of the
barrierInventory
categoryRelevant WTO
provisionTreatment of the
barrier
12 3 4 5 6 7
Generic Exchange restrictions Additional time and cost. Part IV D GATT article
VIII
Generic Currency licence required for
shipment of goods when value
exceeds USD 300.Additional time required
prior to exports.Part IV D GATT article
VIII
Generic Foreign currency controlled by
Central bank.Additional time required
prior to exports.Part IV D GATT article
VIII
Generic Currency license required for
most purchasesAdditional time required
prior to exports.Part IV D GATT article
VIII
Generic Currency license required for
shipments above USD 4000,-.Additional time required
prior to exports.Part IV D GATT article
VIII
Generic Currency license required for
shipments above USD 5000,-.Additional time required
prior to exports.Part IV D GATT article
VIII
Generic Currency license required for all
shipments.Additional time required
prior to exports.Part IV D GATT article
VIII
Generic Currency license required for
shipmentsAdditional time required
prior to exports.Part IV D GATT article
VIII
Generic Currency license required for all
purchases.Additional time required
prior to exports.Part IV D GATT article
VIII
Generic Currency license required for all
purchases.Additional time required
prior to exports.Part IV D GATT article
VIII
Generic Currency license required for all
purchases.Additional time required
prior to exports.Part IV D GATT article
VIII
Generic Currency license required for all
purchases.Additional time required
prior to exports.Part IV D GATT article
VIII
Generic Currency license required. Additional time required
prior to exports.Part IV D GATT article
VIII
Generic Currency control by Central bank.
Additional documentation in thisrespect.Additional time required
prior to exports.Part IV D GATT article
VIIITN/MA/W/25/Add.1
Page 18
Maintaining
ParticipantProducts affected by
the barrierNature of the barrier Tr ade Effects of the
barrierInventory
categoryRelevant WTO
provisionTreatment of the
barrier
12 3 4 5 6 7
Generic Currency license required for
shipmentsAdditional time required
prior to exports.Part IV D GATT article
VIII
Generic Import certificate required from
local bank for shipment of goodswith value above USD 2500,-Additional time required
prior to exports.Part IV D GATT article
VIII
Generic Authorized banks must be used
for transactionsAdditional time required
prior to exports.Part IV D GATT article
VIII
Generic Capital control by central bank Additional time required
prior to exports.Part IV D GATT article
VIIITN/MA/W/25/Add.1
Page 193. Product, environment and labelling requirement
Maintaining
ParticipantProducts affected by
the barrierNature of the barrier Tr ade Effects of the
barrierInventory
categoryRelevant WTO
provisionTreatment of the
barrier
12 3 4 5 6 7
Generic Special marking and labelling
requirement for a variety of
productsAdditional time and cost Part IV K Agreement on
TBT
Electrical appliances Special certification required Additional time and cost Part III C Agreement on
TBT
PharmaceuticalproductsSpecial requirements regarding
labellingAdditional time and cost Part IV K Agreements on
TBT / SPS
fish and fish products advance approval of products
before exports.extra time and cost PART III/
PART IV (L)TBT/SPS-
agreement
Pharmaceuticalproducts, electrical
appliances, building
materialsSpecial labelling requirements Additional time and cost Part IV K Agreements on
TBT / SPS
Generic Special packaging requirements.
Packaging material made of woodmust be accompanied by healthcertificates.Additional time and cost Part IV K Agreements on
TBT and SPS
fish and fish products attestation/ certificate
requirementsextra time and cost PART III/
PART IV (L)TBT/SPS-
agreement
Generic Special labelling requirements if
similar product is produced
domesticallyAdditional time and cost Part IV K Agreement on
TBT
All products made of
wood includingpackagingExporter must prove that imported
product and packaging is notinfected by vermin. Use ofwooden materials for packaging
require issuance of health
certificate.Additional time and cost Part III B Agreement on
SPS
Fish and fishproducts salted anddried fishAdvanced approval of products
before exports, standards differentfrom international standardsextra time and cost,
unpredictabilityPART III/
PART IV (L)TBT/SPS-
agreementTN/MA/W/25/Add.1
Page 20
Maintaining
ParticipantProducts affected by
the barrierNature of the barrier Tr ade Effects of the
barrierInventory
categoryRelevant WTO
provisionTreatment of the
barrier
12 3 4 5 6 7
Fish and fishproductsattestation/ certificate
requirementsunpredictability
extra time and costPART III/
PART IV (L)TBT/SPS-
agreement
Electrical equipmentand appliancesApproval required from.
Standards different forinternational standards.Additional time and cost Part III B/C Agreement on
TBT
Pharmaceutical
products, cosmetics,
products forhousehold cleaningApproval required Additional time and cost Part III C Agreements on
TBT / SPS
Generic Special packaging requirements
for wood and special labellingrequirementsAdditional time and cost Part IV K Agreements on
TBT / SPS
Metals National standards different from
international standards.Additional time and cost Part III B Agreement on
TBT
Generic Comprehensive certification
systemsAdditional time and cost Part III C Agreement on
TBT
Generic Labelling requirements if similar
product is produced domesticallyLimits exports Part IV K Agreement on
TBT
Generic Special packaging requirements,
especially when use of woodenmaterials.Additional time and cost Part IV K Agreements on
TBT / SPS
Fish and fishproductsrequirements regarding packaging extra time and cost PART IV (K)/
PART IV (L)TBT/SPS-
agreement
Generic Special marking requirements Additional time and cost Part IV K Agreement on
TBT
PharmaceuticalproductsRegistration required Additional time and cost Part III C Agreements on
TBT / SPS
Generic For certain products special
requirements for public healthreasonsAdditional time and cost Part III B Agreements on
TBT / SPSTN/MA/W/25/Add.1
Page 21Maintaining
ParticipantProducts affected by
the barrierNature of the barrier Tr ade Effects of the
barrierInventory
categoryRelevant WTO
provisionTreatment of the
barrier
12 3 4 5 6 7
Generic Comprehensive and complicated
product requirements for certaingoods.Additional time and cost Part III B Agreements on
TBT / SPS
Generic Comprehensive and complicated
product requirements forconsumer goodsAdditional time and cost Part III B Agreements on
TBT / SPS
Generic Special labelling requirements.
Wooden packaging must be
accompanied by health certificate.Additional time and cost Part IV K Agreement on
TBT/SPS
Pharmaceutical
productsSpecial labelling requirements Additional time and cost Part IV K Agreements on
TBT / SPS
Electronic productsand componentsSpecial regulations regarding
inspection.Additional time and cost Part III C Agreement on
TBT
fish and fish products attestation/ certificate
requirementsunpredictability
extra time and costPART III
/PART IV (L)TBT/SPS-
agreement
Fire protection
equipmentAdditional national testing
required in addition to
certificationAdditional time and cost Part III C Agreement on
TBT
Water supply
equipmentUse of different standards Additional time and cost Part III B Agreement on
TBT
Generic Complicated regulations for
import of certain productsAdditional time and cost Part III B Agreements on
TBT / SPS
Generic Special labelling requirements Additional time and cost Part IV K Agreement on
TBT
Water supplyequipment, building
materialsNational standards different from
international standards.Additional time and cost Part III B Agreement on
TBT
Generic Comprehensive safety regulations
for various productsAdditional time and cost Part III B Agreements on
TBT / SPS
Filters National standards different from
international standards.Additional time and cost Part III B Agreement on
TBT
Generic Special labelling requirements Additional time and cost Part IV K Agreement on
TBTTN/MA/W/25/Add.1
Page 22
Maintaining
ParticipantProducts affected by
the barrierNature of the barrier Tr ade Effects of the
barrierInventory
categoryRelevant WTO
provisionTreatment of the
barrier
12 3 4 5 6 7
Generic Special marking requirements
regarding origin and contentAdditional time and cost Part IV K Agreement on
TBT
Generic Special labelling requirements Additional time and cost Part IV K Agreement on
TBT
Fish and fishproductsattestation/ certificate
requirementsunpredictability extra
time and costPART III/
PART IV (L)TBT/SPS-
agreement
Generic Special labelling requirements Additional time and cost Part IV K Agreement on
TBT
Toys, household
appliancesSpecial product requirements Additional time and cost Part III B Agreement on
TBT
Pharmaceutical and
cosmetic productsRegistration required by health
authoritiesAdditional time and cost Part III C Agreements on
TBT / SPS
Textiles, toys,cosmetics, aerosols,TVsSpecial labelling requirements Additional time and cost Part IV K Agreement on
TBT
Electrical householdappliancesSpecial testing requirements.
Exceptions may be granted when
use of international standards.Additional time and cost Part III C Agreement on
TBT
PharmaceuticalproductsSpecial labelling requirements Additional time and cost Part IV K Agreements on
TBT / SPS
Electrical appliances Special technical requirements Additional time and cost Part III B Agreement on
TBT
Generic Special product requirements for
certain productsAdditional time and cost Part III B Agreements on
TBT
Filters Use of different standards Additional time and cost Part III B Agreement on
TBT
Fish and fishproductsattestation/ certificate
requirementsextra time and cost PART IV (L),
PART III (B)SPS/TBT-
agreement
Chemicals, fertilizers Special product requirements Additional time and cost Part III B Agreement on
TBT
PharmaceuticalproductsCertification by authorities
required prior to imports.Additional time and cost Part III C Agreements on
TBT / SPSTN/MA/W/25/Add.1
Page 23Maintaining
ParticipantProducts affected by
the barrierNature of the barrier Tr ade Effects of the
barrierInventory
categoryRelevant WTO
provisionTreatment of the
barrier
12 3 4 5 6 7
PharmaceuticalproductsRegistration required by health
authoritiesAdditional time and cost Part III C Agreements on
TBT / SPS
Paint, tyres, yarn, silk Special labelling requirements Additional time and cost Part IV K Agreement on
TBT
Cosmetics,pharmaceuticalproductsSpecial product requirements Additional time and cost Part III B Agreements on
TBT / SPS
Electrical equipment
and appliancesNational standards different from
international standardsAdditional time and cost Part III B Agreement on
TBT
Pharmaceuticals and
pesticidesRegistration required by health
authoritiesAdditional time and cost Part III C Agreements on
TBT / SPS
Various electricalappliances andequipmentCertification required from
authoritiesAdditional time and cost Part III C Agreement on
TBT
Generic Comprehensive products
requirementsAdditional time and cost Part III C Agreement on
TBT
Generic Special labelling requirements Additional time and cost Part IV K Agreement on
TBT
Generic Special product requirements for a
variety of productsAdditional time and cost Part III B Agreement on
TBT
Electrical appliances National standards different from
international standardsAdditional time and cost Part III B Agreement on
TBT
Generic Special labelling requirements Additional time and cost Part IV K Agreement on
TBT
Fish and fishproducts (salted anddried cod)standards different from
international standardsunpredictability PART
III/PART IV(L)TBT/SPS-
agreement
Pharmaceutical
products, electrical
equipment, radio-and TV equipment,children clothing,toysCertification required that goods
correspond with national
requirements.Additional time and cost Part III B / C Agreements on
TBT / SPSTN/MA/W/25/Add.1
Page 24
Maintaining
ParticipantProducts affected by
the barrierNature of the barrier Tr ade Effects of the
barrierInventory
categoryRelevant WTO
provisionTreatment of the
barrier
12 3 4 5 6 7
PharmaceuticalproductsRegistration required by
authoritiesAdditional time and cost Part III C Agreements on
TBT / SPS
PharmaceuticalproductsSpecial labelling requirements Additional time and cost Part IV K Agreements on
TBT / SPS
Generic Special packaging requirements Additional time and cost Part IV K Agreements on
TBT / SPS
Pharmaceuticalproducts and kitchen
equipmentSpecial sanitary and health related
requirementsAdditional time and cost Part III B Agreements on
TBT / SPS
fish and fish products attestation/ certificate
requirementsextra time and cost PART
III/PART IV(L)TBT/SPS-
agreement
Pharmaceutical andchemical productsComprehensive and complicated
product requirementsAdditional time and cost Part III B Agreements on
TBT / SPS
Measurementdevises, electrical
appliances, motor
vehiclesNational standards different from
international standardsAdditional time and cost Part III B Agreement on
TBT
Generic Special labelling requirements Additional time and cost Part IV K Agreement on
TBT
Pesticides andpharmaceuticalproductsComprehensive and complicated
product requirementsAdditional time and cost Part III B Agreements on
TBT / SPS
PharmaceuticalproductsSpecial registration and labelling
requirementsAdditional time and cost Part III C / IV
KAgreements on
TBT / SPS
Pharmaceutical
products, pesticidesSpecial product requirements Additional time and cost Part III B Agreements on
TBT / SPS
Used goods Inspection required Additional time and cost Part III C Agreement on
TBT
Chemicals Special labelling requirements Additional time and cost Part IV K Agreement on
TBT
Pharmaceutical andsanitary productsCertification required from
authoritiesAdditional time and cost Part III C Agreements on
TBT / SPSTN/MA/W/25/Add.1
Page 25Maintaining
ParticipantProducts affected by
the barrierNature of the barrier Tr ade Effects of the
barrierInventory
categoryRelevant WTO
provisionTreatment of the
barrier
12 3 4 5 6 7
Generic Use of national standards for
many productsAdditional time and cost Part III B Agreement on
TBT
Building materials Extensive certification
procedures. Special labellingrequirements.Additional time and cost Part III C / IV
KAgreement on
TBT
fish and fish products attestation/ certificate
requirementsunpredictability PART III/
PART IV (L)TBT/SPS-
agreement
Textiles, cosmetics,
pharmaceuticals,
fertilizer, pesticides,gold, silver, platinumSpecial labelling requirements Additional time and cost Part IV K Agreements on
TBT / SPS
Generic Comprehensive and complicated
product and labellingrequirementsAdditional time and cost Part III B / IV
KAgreement on
TBT
Building materials,mechanical and
electrical appliances
and equipment,safety equipment,pressure tanks, toysCertificate of conformity required
to ensure comparability with
international and national
standardsAdditional time and cost Part III C Agreement on
TBT
fish and fish products attestation/ certificate
requirementsunpredictability PART
III/PART IV
(L)TBT/SPS-
agreement
Generic Use of national product and
labelling requirementsAdditional time and cost Part III B / IV
KAgreement on
TBT
PharmaceuticalproductsRegistration required. Special
labelling requirements.Additional time and cost Part III C / IV
KAgreements on
TBT / SPS
Generic "Registered Trade Mark" can only
be used for trade marks registeredin South AfricaAdditional time and cost Part III C Agreement on
TBTTN/MA/W/25/Add.1
Page 26
Maintaining
ParticipantProducts affected by
the barrierNature of the barrier Tr ade Effects of the
barrierInventory
categoryRelevant WTO
provisionTreatment of the
barrier
12 3 4 5 6 7
Generic Special product requirements for a
variety of consumer products.Certification needed fromIndustry AdvancementAdministration.Additional time and cost Part III B / C Agreement on
TBT
Fish and fish
productsattestation/ certificate
requirementsunpredictability extra
time and costPART III/
PART IV (L)TBT/SPS-
agreement
Pharmaceutical
products, cosmetics,pesticides, machinesSpecial product requirements Additional time and cost Part III B Agreement on
TBT / SPS
Water supplyequipmentUse of different standards Additional time and cost Part III B Agreement on
TBT
Generic Certification required from
authorities for certain productsAdditional time and cost Part III C Agreement on
TBT
Generic Special labelling requirements for
certain productsAdditional time and cost Part IV K Agreement on
TBT
Electrical appliances Cer tification needed from
authoritiesAdditional time and cost Part III C Agreement on
TBT
Pharmaceuticalproducts and medicalequipmentCertification needed from
authoritiesAdditional time and cost Part III C Agreements on
TBT and SPS
Pharmaceuticalproducts, poisonoussubstances, pesticidesRegistration required Additional time and cost Part III C Agreements on
TBT and SPS
Generic National standards different from
international standards for certain
productsAdditional time and cost Part III B Agreement on
TBT
Fish and fish
productsattestation/ certificate
requirementsextra time and cost PARTIII/PAR
T IV (L)TBT/SPS-
agreement
PharmaceuticalproductsRegistration required Additional time and cost Part III C Agreements on
TBT / SPS
Refrigerators National standards different from
international standardsAdditional time and cost Part III B Agreement on
TBTTN/MA/W/25/Add.1
Page 27Maintaining
ParticipantProducts affected by
the barrierNature of the barrier Tr ade Effects of the
barrierInventory
categoryRelevant WTO
provisionTreatment of the
barrier
12 3 4 5 6 7
Pharmaceuticals,chemicals, pesticides,various industrialproductsComprehensive and complicated
product requirementsAdditional time and cost Part III B Agreements on
TBT / SPS
Generic Special labelling requirements for
certain productsAdditional time and cost Part IV K Agreement on
TBT
Fish and fish
productsattestation/ certificate
requirementsunpredictability, extra
time and costPART
III/PART IV
(L)TBT/SPS-
agreement
Pharmaceutical
productsRegistration required by national
health authoritiesAdditional time and cost Part III C Agreements on
TBT / SPS
Generic Use of national standards Additional time and cost Part III C Agreements on
TBT / SPS
Generic Stickers prohibited on packaging Additional time and cost Part IV K Agreement on
TBT
Household
appliances,
inflammable textiles,electrical appliances,pharmaceuticalproducts, cosmetics,poisonous substancesExtensive product requirements Additional time and cost Part III B Agreements on
TBT / SPS
Textiles, wool, fur,electrical appliances,
pharmaceuticalproducts, cosmetics,dangeroussubstances, medicalequipmentExtensive labelling requirements Additional time and cost Part IV K Agreements on
TBT / SPS
Generic Special packaging requirements Additional time and cost Part IV K Agreement on
TBT
Certain products National standards different from
international standards.Additional time and cost Part III B Agreement on
TBTTN/MA/W/25/Add.1
Page 28
Maintaining
ParticipantProducts affected by
the barrierNature of the barrier Tr ade Effects of the
barrierInventory
categoryRelevant WTO
provisionTreatment of the
barrier
12 3 4 5 6 7
Fish oil and fishmeal attestation/ certificate
requirementsextra time and cost PART III/
PART IV (L)TBT/SPS-
agreement
Pharmaceuticalproducts, cosmetics,
veterinary goodsRegistration required Additional time and cost Part III C Agreements on
TBT / SPS
Pesticides Special labelling requirements Additional time and cost Part IV K Agreements on
TBT
Fish and fishproductsadvance approval of products
before exportsextra time and cost PART III/
PART IV (L)TBT/SPS-
agreement
Generic Special product requirements for
certain consumer productsAdditional time and cost Part III B Agreement on
TBT
Fertilizers, pesticides,cosmetics andpharmaceutical
productsRegistration required by national
authoritiesAdditional time and cost Part III C Agreements on
TBT / SPS
Generic Special labelling requirements Additional time and cost Part IV K Agreement on
TBT
Generic Special marking requirements Additional time and cost Part IV K Agreement on
TBTTN/MA/W/25/Add.1
Page 294. Trade documents/Customs procedures
Maintaining
ParticipantProducts affected by
the barrierNature of the barrier Trade Effects of
the barrierInventory
categoryRelevant WTO
provisionTreatment of the
barrier
Generic Extensive documentation
requirements. Clean report offindings required. Separate
certificates required from
fabricators of el ectrical material.
Transportation must be insured.Customs tariff is based on CCCN.Additional time
and costPart II C / D /
GGATT art. VIII
Generic Extensive documentation
requirements. Special invoice
form requirementsAdditional time
and costPart II D / G GATT art. VIII
Generic Extensive documentation
requirements. Confirmation ofcorrect invoice required. Detailedlist of content needed whichcorresponds with invoice.Authentication of documents
required. Transportation must be
insured.Additional time
and costPart II D / G GATT art. VIII
Generic Statistic fee Additional cost Part V B GATT art. VIII
Generic Extensive documentation
requirements. All documents mustbe authenticated by chamber ofcommerce (or embassy if sodemanded by importer).Additional time
and costPart II D / G GATT art. VIII
Generic Special invoice requirements.
Transportation must be insured in.Additional time
and costPart II G GATT art. VIII
Generic Special invoice requirements. Additional time
and costPart II G GATT art. VIII
Generic Transportation must be insured.
Clean report of findings requiredprior to export.Additional time
and costPart II G GATT art. VIIITN/MA/W/25/Add.1
Page 30
Maintaining
ParticipantProducts affected by
the barrierNature of the barrier Trade Effects of
the barrierInventory
categoryRelevant WTO
provisionTreatment of the
barrier
Generic Extensive documentation
requirements. Certificatesrequired for various products.Confirmation by exporter requiredon invoice.Additional time
and costPart II G GATT art. VIII
Generic Customs surcharges and fees . Additional cost Part V B GATT art. VIII
Generic Extensive documentation
requirements. Special
confirmation by exporter required
on invoice. Most documents mustbe authenticated by embassy.Certificate required for import ofcertain machinery.Additional time
and costPart II D / G GATT art. VIII
Generic Port taxes. Extra customs duty Additional cost Part V B GATT art. VIII
Generic Extensive documentation
requirements. Clean report of
findings required prior to export.
Special confirmation by exporterrequired on invoice.Additional time
and costPart II G GATT art. VIII
Generic Extensive documentation
requirements. Clean report offindings required prior to export.
Customs tariff based on CCCN.Additional time
and costPart II C / G GATT art. VIII
Generic Special invoice requirements. Additional time
and costPart II G GATT art. VIII
Generic Clean report of findings required
prior to export. Specialconfirmation by exporter requiredon invoice.Additional time
and costPart II G GATT art. VIII
Generic Special invoice requirements Additional time
and costPart II G GATT art. VIIITN/MA/W/25/Add.1
Page 31Maintaining
ParticipantProducts affected by
the barrierNature of the barrier Trade Effects of
the barrierInventory
categoryRelevant WTO
provisionTreatment of the
barrier
Generic Special invoice requirements.
Extensive documentationrequirements. Documents must beauthenticated by embassy.Additional time
and costPart II D/G GATT art. VIII
Generic Extensive documentation
requirements.Additional time
and costPart II G GATT art. VIII
Generic Port tax, inspection tax Additional cost Part V B GATT art. VIII
Generic Special documentation
requirementsAdditional time
and costPart II G GATT art. VIII
Generic Extensive documentation
requirements. Special
confirmation by exporter requiredon invoice.Additional time
and costPart II G GATT art. VIII
Generic Extensive documentation
requirements. Specialconfirmation by exporter requiredon invoice.Additional time
and costPart II G GATT art. VIII
Generic Extensive documentation
requirements. Certificate ofproduct content may be requested.Clean report of findings requiredprior to export. Confirmation byexporter required on invoice.Additional time
and costPart II G GATT art. VIII
Generic National surcharges and fees for
statistics, solidarity and customs.Additional  cost Part V B GATT art. VIII
Generic Special invoice requirements.
Extensive documentationrequirements.Additional time
and costPart II G GATT art. VIII
Generic Special confirmation by exporter
required on invoice.Additional time
and costPart II G GATT art. VIIITN/MA/W/25/Add.1
Page 32
Maintaining
ParticipantProducts affected by
the barrierNature of the barrier Trade Effects of
the barrierInventory
categoryRelevant WTO
provisionTreatment of the
barrier
Generic Extensive documentation
requirements and complicatedstorage and customs procedures.Consular invoice required forshipment with value above USD100. Transportation must be
insured.Additional time
and costPart II D / G GATT art. VIII
Generic Clean report of findings required.
Extensive documentationrequirements. Transportation mustbe insured.Additional time
and costPart II G GATT art. VIII
Generic Extensive documentation
requirements. All documents mustbe authenticated by embassy.Additional time
and costPart II D / G GATT art. VIII
Generic Surcharges on imports. Additional cost Part V B GATT art. VIII
Generic Special documentation
requirements. Certificate of
content required forpharmaceutical products.Authentication required.Transportation must be insured.
Special conformation by exporter
required on invoice.Additional time
and costPart II  D / G
Part V (B)GATT art. VIII
Generic Special documentation
requirements. Transportation mustbe insured. Special confirmationby exporter required on invoice.Additional time
and costPart II  G GATT art. VIII
Generic Extensive documentation
requirements. Special invoice
must be used. Clean report of
findings required.Additional time
and costPart II G GATT art. VIII
Generic Special invoice form required in
addition to "normal" invoice.Transportation must be insured.Additional time
and costPart II G GATT art. VIIITN/MA/W/25/Add.1
Page 33Maintaining
ParticipantProducts affected by
the barrierNature of the barrier Trade Effects of
the barrierInventory
categoryRelevant WTO
provisionTreatment of the
barrier
Generic Extensive documentation
requirements. Quality certificaterequired for some pharmaceuticaland chemical products. Specialconfirmation by exporter requiredon invoice. Documents must be
authenticated by the embassy.Additional time
and costPart II D / G GATT art. VIII
Generic Customs surcharges. Additional cost Part V B GATT art. VIII
Generic Extensive documentation
requirements. Clean report offindings required. Specialconfirmation by exporter requiredon invoice. Transportation mustbe insured. Customs tariff is
based on CCCN.Additional time
and costPart II C / G GATT art. VIII
Generic Special invoice requirements Additional time
and costPart II G GATT art. VIII
Generic Special confirmation by exporter
required on invoice.Additional time
and costPart II G GATT art. VIII
Generic Transportation must be insured. Additional time
and costPart II G GATT art. VIII
Generic Extensive documentation
requirements.  Clean report of
findings is required for certain
steel products. Certificate ofcleanliness required for usedclothes. Weight certificaterequired for paper.Additional time
and costPart II G GATT art. VIII
Generic Surcharges and extra customs
fees. Lack of transparency as to
existing tariff levels.Additional cost Part V B GATT art. VIIITN/MA/W/25/Add.1
Page 34
Maintaining
ParticipantProducts affected by
the barrierNature of the barrier Trade Effects of
the barrierInventory
categoryRelevant WTO
provisionTreatment of the
barrier
fish and fish products(salmon)Special additional duty extra cost PART V (B) GATT VIII
Generic Certificate of content required for
pharmaceutical products. Clean
report of findings required for
blood transfusion equipment.Certificate of conformity requiredfor certain used machines. Extracost for approval of documents.Additional time
and costPart II D / G GATT art. VIII
Generic Extra surcharges. Lack of
transparency as to existing tariff
levels.Additional cost Part V B GATT art. VIII
Generic Extensive labelling and
documentation requirements.Additional time
and costPart II G / IV
KGATT art. VIII
Generic Extensive documentation
requirements. Certificatesrequired for certain products.Additional time
and costPart II G GATT art. VIII
Generic Customs surcharges. Additional cost Part V B GATT art. VIII
Generic Certificates required for certain
products.Additional time
and costPart II G GATT art. VIII
Generic Extensive documentation
requirements. Certificates
required for certain products.Authentication of documentsrequired. Transportation must beinsured.Additional time
and costPart II D / G GATT art. VIII
Generic Customs surcharges. Additional cost Part V B GATT art. VIII
Generic Extensive documentation
requirements.  Clean report of
findings required. Transportation
must be insured.Additional time
and costPart II D / G GATT art. VIIITN/MA/W/25/Add.1
Page 35Maintaining
ParticipantProducts affected by
the barrierNature of the barrier Trade Effects of
the barrierInventory
categoryRelevant WTO
provisionTreatment of the
barrier
Generic Port tax, transportation tax,
customs surcharges.Additional cost Part V B GATT art. VIII
Generic Customs tariff not clearly based
on any recognized internationalcustoms classification code.Additional time
and costPart II C GATT art. VIII
Generic Extensive documentation
requirements. Authentication ofdocuments by consulate required.
Certificates required for certain
products.Additional time
and costPart II D / G GATT art. VIII
Generic Extensive documentation
requirements. Clean report offindings required.Additional time
and costPart II G GATT art. VIII
Generic No public custom warehouses.
Extensive documentationrequirements. Clean report of
findings required.Additional time
and costPart II G GATT art. VIII
Generic Customs classification based on
the CCCN-code. Extensivedocumentation requirements.Invoice must be authenticated bychamber of commerce. Clean
report of findings required for
shipments.Additional time
and costPart II C / D /
GGATT art. VIII
Generic Special invoice requirements Additional time
and costPart II G GATT art. VIII
Generic Customs classification system
based on CCCN-code. Extensivedocumentation requirements.Inspection certificate required.
Transport must be insured.Additional time
and costPart II C / G GATT art. VIII
Generic Statistical tax Additional cost Part V B GATT art. VIII
Generic Special invoice requirements Additional time
and costPart II G GATT art. VIIITN/MA/W/25/Add.1
Page 36
Maintaining
ParticipantProducts affected by
the barrierNature of the barrier Trade Effects of
the barrierInventory
categoryRelevant WTO
provisionTreatment of the
barrier
Generic Extensive documentation
requirements. National transportregulations.Additional time
and costPart II G GATT art. VIII
Generic Import surcharges Additional cost Part V B GATT art. VIII
Generic Special documentation
requirements. Clean report offindings required.Additional time
and costPart II G GATT art. VIII
Generic Special documentation
requirements.Additional time
and costPart II G GATT art. VIII
Generic Customs surcharges Additional cost Part V B GATT art. VIII
fish and fish products consular formalities extra time and cost PART II (D) GATT VIII
Generic Special invoice requirements Additional time
and costPart II G GATT art. VIII
Generic Extensive documentation
requirements. Authentication bychamber of commerce required.Clean report of findings required.Transportation must be insured.Additional time
and costPart II D / G GATT art. VIII
Generic Special certificate required when
use of wooden packaging.Additional time
and costPart II G GATT art. VIII
Generic Port and customs taxes Additional cost Part V B GATT art. VIII
Generic Detailed invoice requirements.
Documents must be authenticatedby embassy. Transportation mustbe insured.Additional time
and costPart II D / G GATT art. VIII
Generic Extensive documentation
requirements. Clean report offindings required.Additional time
and costPart II G GATT art. VIII
Generic Extensive documentation
requirements. National forms.
Clean report of findings required.Other certificates required.Transportation must be insured.Additional time
and costPart II G GATT art. VIII
Generic Port and customs taxes Additional cost Part V B GATT art. VIIITN/MA/W/25/Add.1
Page 37Maintaining
ParticipantProducts affected by
the barrierNature of the barrier Trade Effects of
the barrierInventory
categoryRelevant WTO
provisionTreatment of the
barrier
Generic Extensive documentation and
certificate of origin required.Documents must be authenticatedby chamber of commerce andArabic embassy. Transportationmust be insured.Additional time
and costPart II D / G GATT art. VIII
Generic Extensive documentation
requirements. Transport must be
insured.Additional time
and costPart II G GATT art. VIII
Generic Strict customs formalities for
import. Extensive documentationrequirements. Various certificatesrequired.Additional time
and costPart II G GATT art. VIII
fish and fish products consular formalities extra time and
costsPART II (D) GATT VIII
Generic Extensive documentation
requirements. Documents must be
authenticated by chamber ofcommerce. Various certificatesrequired.Additional time
and costPart II D / G GATT art. VIII
Generic Customs fee for shipments with
value above USD 5.000,-Additional cost Part V B GATT art. VIII
Generic Extensive documentation
requirements. Various certificates
required, including clean report offindings.Additional time
and costPart II G GATT art. VIII
Generic Special documentation
requirements.Additional time
and costPart II G GATT art. VIII
Generic Special documentation
requirements, including certificateof origin.Additional time
and costPart II G GATT art. VIII
Medical equipment Consular formalities regarding
signatures etc.Extra time and cost Part II D GATT art. VIIITN/MA/W/25/Add.1
Page 38
Maintaining
ParticipantProducts affected by
the barrierNature of the barrier Trade Effects of
the barrierInventory
categoryRelevant WTO
provisionTreatment of the
barrier
Generic Extensive and detailed
documentation requirements.Various certificates required.Authentication of documentsrequired by chamber ofcommerce/ embassy.Additional time
and costPart II D / G GATT art. VIII
Generic National Certificate of
Conformity required.
Transportation must be insured.Additional time
and costPart II G GATT art. VIII
Generic Extensive documentation
requirements. Various certificatesrequired, including clean report offindings. Transportation must beinsured.Additional time
and costPart II G GATT art. VIII
Generic Extensive documentation
requirements. Various certificates
required, including clean report offindings. Transportation must beinsured.Additional time
and costPart II G GATT art. VIII
Generic Extensive documentation
requirements. Various certificates
required, including clean report of
findings. Documents must beauthenticated by Bureau Veritasand embassy. Transportation mustbe insured.Additional time
and costPart II D / G GATT art. VIII
Generic Special invoice requirements Additional time
and costPart II G GATT art. VIII
Generic Certificate of origin authenticated
by chamber of commerce
required. Inspection certificatesrequired for pharmaceuticals,sanitary products and cosmetics.Additional time
and costPart II D / G GATT art. VIIITN/MA/W/25/Add.1
Page 39Maintaining
ParticipantProducts affected by
the barrierNature of the barrier Trade Effects of
the barrierInventory
categoryRelevant WTO
provisionTreatment of the
barrier
Generic Port tax, storage tax, transit tax,
customs taxAdditional cost Part V B GATT art. VIII
Generic Clean report of findings required.
Transportation must be insured.Additional time
and costPart II G GATT art. VIII
fish and fish products consular formalities extra time and cost PART II (D) GATT VIII
Generic Extensive documentation
requirements. Various certificatesrequired. Various documents mustbe authenticated.Additional time
and costPart II D / G GATT art. VIII
Generic Extensive documentation
requirements. Various certificates
required, including clean report offindings. Transportation ofshipments of value above XOF200.000,- must be insured.Additional time
and costPart II G GATT art. VIII
Generic Special invoice requirements Additional time
and costPart II G GATT art. VIII
Generic Extensive documentation
requirements. Various certificatesrequired. Transportation must beinsured.Additional time
and costPart II G GATT art. VIII
Generic Customs fee Additional cost Part V B GATT art. VIII
Generic Extensive documentation
requirements. Various certificatesrequired. Transportation must be
insured .Additional time
and costPart II G GATT art. VIII
Generic Various fees Additional cost Part V B GATT art. VIII
Generic Extensive documentation
required. Extensive invoice andcertification requirements.Authentication of all documentsby chamber of commerce /consulate necessary.Additional time
and costPart II D / G GATT art. VIIITN/MA/W/25/Add.1
Page 40
Maintaining
ParticipantProducts affected by
the barrierNature of the barrier Trade Effects of
the barrierInventory
categoryRelevant WTO
provisionTreatment of the
barrier
Generic Port and customs taxes.  High fees
related to financial transactions.Additional cost Part V B GATT art. VIII
Generic Special  documentation
requirements.Additional time
and costPart II G GATT art. VIII
Generic Various taxes Additional cost Part V B GATT art. VIII
Generic Extensive documentation
required, including variouscertificates. Maritime transport ofgoods to be conducted by
domestic vessels.Additional time
and costPart II G / IV
LGATT art. VIII
consular formalities extra time and cost PART II (D) GATT VIII
Generic Customs surcharges Additional cost Part V B GATT art. VIII
Generic Extensive documentation
required, including variouscertificates. Authentication of all
documents by embassy.Additional time
and costPart II D / G GATT art. VIII
Generic Transportation must be insured. Additional time
and costPart II G GATT art. VIII
Generic Price controls. Additional taxes
and fees.Additional cost Part V B GATT art. VIIITN/MA/W/25/Add.1
Page 415. Preshipment Inspection
Maintaining
ParticipantProducts affected by
the barrierNature of the barrier Trade Effects of
the barrierInventory
categoryRelevant WTO
provisionTreatment of the
barrier
Generic Comprehensive regulations for
preshipment inspection.Preshipment inspection required
for all shipments above the value
of USD 50.000,-.Additional time
and costPart IV L Agreement on
Preshipment Inspection
Generic Preshipment inspection required
for all shipmentsAdditional time
and costPart IV L Agreement on
Preshipment Inspection
Generic Preshipment inspection required
for all shipments above the valueof USD 5.000,-  For import of
chemicals, pharmaceutical
products and used clothes thecorresponding value is USD3.000,-.Additional time
and costPart IV L Agreement on
Preshipment Inspection
Generic Preshipment inspection required
for all shipmentsAdditional time
and costPart IV L Agreement on
Preshipment Inspection
Generic Preshipment inspection required
for all shipmentsAdditional time
and costPart IV L Agreement on
Preshipment Inspection
Generic Preshipment inspection required
for all shipments above the value
of USD 4.000,-Additional time
and costPart IV L Agreement on
Preshipment Inspection
Generic Preshipment inspection required
for all shipments above the valueof USD 1.000,-Additional time
and costPart IV L Agreement on
Preshipment Inspection
Generic Preshipment inspection required
for all shipments above the value
of USD 3.000,-Additional time
and costPart IV L Agreement on
Preshipment InspectionTN/MA/W/25/Add.1
Page 42
Maintaining
ParticipantProducts affected by
the barrierNature of the barrier Trade Effects of
the barrierInventory
categoryRelevant WTO
provisionTreatment of the
barrier
Generic Preshipment inspection required
for all shipments above the valueof USD 5.000,-. For import ofmotor vehicles and highly-demanded clothes all shipmentsmust be inspected.Additional time
and costPart IV L Agreement on
Preshipment Inspection
Generic Preshipment inspection required
for all shipments above the value
of USD 1.000,-Additional time
and costPart IV L Agreement on
Preshipment Inspection
Generic Preshipment inspection required
for all shipments above the valueof USD 2.000,-Additional time
and costPart IV L Agreement on
Preshipment Inspection
Generic Preshipment inspection required. Additional time
and costPart IV L Agreement on
Preshipment Inspection
Generic Preshipment inspection required
for all shipments above the value
of USD 5.000,-Additional time
and costPart IV L Agreement on
Preshipment Inspection
Generic Preshipment inspection required
for all shipments above the valueof USD 3000,- Preshipmentinspection required for allshipments in containers.Additional time
and costPart IV L Agreement on
Preshipment Inspection
Generic Preshipment inspection required
for shipment of certain products.Additional time
and costPart IV L Agreement on
Preshipment Inspection
Generic Preshipment inspection required
for all shipmentsAdditional time
and costPart IV L Agreement on
Preshipment Inspection
Generic Preshipment inspection required. Additional time
and costPart IV L Agreement on
Preshipment Inspection
Generic Preshipment inspection required
for certain goods.Additional time
and costPart IV L Agreement on
Preshipment InspectionTN/MA/W/25/Add.1
Page 43Maintaining
ParticipantProducts affected by
the barrierNature of the barrier Trade Effects of
the barrierInventory
categoryRelevant WTO
provisionTreatment of the
barrier
Generic Preshipment inspection required
for all shipments above the valueof USD 5.000,-. Forpharmaceutical products is thecorresponding value USD 3.000,-.Additional time
and costPart IV L Agreement on
Preshipment Inspection
Generic Preshipment inspection required
for all shipmentsAdditional time
and costPart IV L Agreement on
Preshipment Inspection
Generic Preshipment inspection required
for all shipments above the value
of USD 2.000,-.Additional time
and costPart IV L Agreement on
Preshipment Inspection
Generic Preshipment inspection required
for all shipments.Additional time
and costPart IV L Agreement on
Preshipment InspectionTN/MA/W/25/Add.1
Page 44
IV.  SWITZERLAND
Maintaining
ParticipantProducts affected by
the barrierNature of the barrier Tr ade Effects of the
barrierInventory
categoryRelevant WTO
provisionTreatment of the
barrier
12 3 4 5 6 7
Textile Fiscal stamp Additional costs V-B GATT,
Article III
Import licences Additional costs and
delays in importationIV-A Agreement on
Import licensing
Complex tariff structure that leadsto different ways of calculationUnpredictability and risk
of discriminationII-B, II-C
Excessive technical certification
(quality control) requirements and
difficult, costly marking andlabelling requirementsImpedes or prevent
market accessIII-C, IV-K GATT,TBT
Specific packaging requirements Causes extra costs and
thus impedes orcomplicates marketaccessIV-K TBT
Authorisation requirements/
import ban for certain productsImpedes or complicates
market accessIV-A, IV-B GATT, TBT
Preshipment inspection required Different threshold
levels, systematicinspection for allproducts if the value ishigher than a certain
thresholdII-G Agreement on
preshipmentinspection
Price controls Same effects as under
preshipment inspectionIV-H GATT,
Article III
Import prohibition in case ofretail sale or in the absence of aspecific authorisationImpedes or complicates
market accessIV-B GATTTN/MA/W/25/Add.1
Page 45Maintaining
ParticipantProducts affected by
the barrierNature of the barrier Tr ade Effects of the
barrierInventory
categoryRelevant WTO
provisionTreatment of the
barrier
12 3 4 5 6 7
silk cloth with lessthan 85% of silkauthorisation from the Bank and
import association of textilesGreat difficulties to get
the authorization,prevents or impedesmarket accessIV-B GATT
Watches Luxury tax Cumulative effect
because levied on each
marketing levelV-B GATT,
Article III
Unclear import licensingrequirements which can changewithout prior noticeAdditional costs and
delays and late deliveryIV-A Agreement on
Import licensing
ad valorem  fees Additional costs and does
not correspond to theapproximate costs ofservices renderedV-B GATT
Article VIII
Excessive customs documentation
requirements and burdensome
import proceduresExports impeded or
difficult by the extra
compliance costs,additional delaysII-G GATT
Article VIII
Preshipment inspection required Different threshold
levels, systematicinspection for all
products if the value is
higher than a certainthresholdII-G Agreement on
preshipmentinspection
Anticipated Profit tax Importers must pay a
certain percentage of thevalue of the goods whichis a anticipated profit tax
and acts as a prior import
depositV-A GATT
Article III
Various surcharges, statisticaltaxesAdditional costs V-B GATTTN/MA/W/25/Add.1
Page 46
Maintaining
ParticipantProducts affected by
the barrierNature of the barrier Tr ade Effects of the
barrierInventory
categoryRelevant WTO
provisionTreatment of the
barrier
12 3 4 5 6 7
Foreign currency bank creditfacilities suspended to limitimportsPrevents or impedes
market accessIV-B GATT,
Article III
Excessive marking requirements Additional costs IV-K GATT, TBT
Cosmetics,shampoos and soapsExcessive technical certification
(quality control) requirements anddifficult, costly marking and
labelling requirementsAdditional costs up to 20-
35% of the export value/prevents or impedes
market accessIII-C, IV-K GATT, TBT
Machines Customs reclassification's attempt
in a higher dutiable categoryAdditional costs II-C
Cumbersome certification
requirements and non recognitionof internationally agreed standardsVery long delays up to
several months and highadditional costs whichprevents or impedesmarket accessIII-B, III-C TBT
High import customs clearance
costs and lengthy customs
clearance procedureAdditional costs and
delays in importationII-G GATT
Article VIII
Constantly changing import tariffs
depending on the point of customsentry, on the port of entry, on thecustomers in the importing
countryAdditional costs,
unpredictability,discriminationII-C GATT Article I
Credit given to customers if they
by the machine of the country ofimportDiscriminates among
providersIV-F GATT
Article IIITN/MA/W/25/Add.1
Page 47Maintaining
ParticipantProducts affected by
the barrierNature of the barrier Tr ade Effects of the
barrierInventory
categoryRelevant WTO
provisionTreatment of the
barrier
12 3 4 5 6 7
Arbitrary import formalities inparticular in the field ofreplacement's part deliveryguarantiesInterruption of the
production because themachine could not berepaired on time andserious injury for the
producer following the
interruption of theproductionII-G GATT
Import restrictions for textile
spinning machinesAdditional costs, limits
market accessIV-A GATT
Non efficient patent protection Very long delays to get a
patent registered - piracyby domestic producers
and impossibility to have
the patent rightsrespected in absence ofregistration of the patentTRIPS
Very early registration deadlines
at the customs for cargo vesselsDelay in trade and
Additional costsII-G
Excessive detailed information
required for security reasonsAdditional costs, delays
and data and business
secret protection concernsIII-A TBT
Currency restrictions Additional costs or losses
in income paymentIV-D
Import licenses Difficulties to obtain a
license becauserequirements change veryoften in some cases,
causes additional costs
and delaysIV-A Agreement on
Import licensing
Limitation of customs entry points Additional costs, limits
market accessIV-L GATT
Article VIIITN/MA/W/25/Add.1
Page 48
Maintaining
ParticipantProducts affected by
the barrierNature of the barrier Tr ade Effects of the
barrierInventory
categoryRelevant WTO
provisionTreatment of the
barrier
12 3 4 5 6 7
ad valorem  fee not included in the
final price of the tenderAdditional costs and risk
of discriminationI-C
High fees required by the customs Additional costs II-G GATT
Article VIII
Steel products Import quotas and surveillance
systemAdditional costs and
delay, ev limitations inmarket access due to
application of prohibitive
additional duty ratesIV-A, V-F GATT
All products Several certificates of origin
required and legalisation by thechamber of commerce andadditional legalisation byconsulatesAdditional costs and
delays, ev limitation inmarket access, risk oflosses in case of failure tocomply with all
requirementsII-D,F GATT
Article VIIITN/MA/W/25/Add.1
Page 49V. SEPARATE CUSTOMS TERRITORY OF TAIWAN, PENGHU, KINMEN AND MATSU
Maintaining
ParticipantProducts affected by
the barrierNature of the barrier Tr ade Effects of the
barrierInventory
categoryRelevant WTO
provisionTreatment of the
barrier
12 3 4 5 6 7
Vessels Various subsidies, tax deferments
and loan guarantees forshipbuilders.Protects domestic
shipbuilders fromcompetition.Part I A:
GovernmentaidsAgreement on
Subsidies andCountervailingMeasuresTo be addressed in
the Committee onSubsidies andCountervailing
Measures
Chemicals Proposes specific programmes for
chemicals. This would createburdens on the chemical trade.Adds testing costs to a
wide range of chemicalproducts.Part III A:
GeneralAgreement on
TechnicalBarriers to TradeTo be addressed in
the Committee onTechnical Barriersto Trade
Textiles,pharmaceuticals,electronic
communication
equipments, steel andchemical productsImposes discriminated area TRQ
measures.Discrimination on
imported goods.Part IV J:
Tariff quotasArticle I of the
GATT 1994General Most-
Favoured-Nation
TreatmentTo be addressed in
the NegotiatingGroup on Market
Access for Non-
agriculturalProducts
All products In order to deal with insufficient
warehousing, some Members’customs authorities issue a
regulation stipulating that
imported goods should be clearedof customs and be removed withina regulated number of days or elsebe confiscated and put up forauction.Seriously infringes on
foreigners’ ownershiprights over the exported
goods.Part II G:
CustomsformalitiesArticle VIII of
the GATT 1994Fees and
Formalities
Connected withImportation andExportationTo be addressed in
the NegotiatingGroup on Market
Access for Non-
agriculturalProductsTN/MA/W/25/Add.1
Page 50
Maintaining
ParticipantProducts affected by
the barrierNature of the barrier Tr ade Effects of the
barrierInventory
categoryRelevant WTO
provisionTreatment of the
barrier
12 3 4 5 6 7
All products To prevent importers from
evading custom duties bylowering the import price, someMembers’ customs authoritiesrequire that imports from certain
Members should be accompanied
by a customs declarationapproved by the receivingMember’s authorities. Thisregulation appears to bediscriminatory, and poses as an
unnecessary trade barrier.Delays flow of trade. Part II G:
CustomsformalitiesArticle VIII of
the GATT 1994Fees andFormalitiesConnected with
Importation and
ExportationTo be addressed in
the NegotiatingGroup on MarketAccess for Non-agricultural
Products
Vehicles Unreasonable restrictions. For
instance, as per the provisions of acertain Member, it is only thosewho produce vehicles and havepreviously exported vehicles from
importing Members that are
allowed to import vehicles;ordinary importers/exporters are not authorized.However, the manufacturer maynot apply to import an amount of
vehicles that exceeds the amount
of vehicles it exported in previousyears.Causes trade-distorting
effects.Part IV A:
Quantitativerestrictions
Part I D:
Restrictive
practicestolerated bygovernmentsArticle XI of the
GATT 1994GeneralElimination ofQuantitative
Restrictions
Article III of the
GATT 1994NationalTreatment on
Internal Taxation
and RegulationTo be addressed in
the NegotiatingGroup on MarketAccess for Non-agricultural
Products
All products Sets minimum import prices by
means of domestic administrativeorders. If the declared price islower than the minimum import
price, the importer is required to
renew its application or providecertification of goods.Violates the principles of
a free market economyand causes tradedistortion effects.Part II B:
ValuationAgreement on
Implementationof Article VII ofthe GATT 1994To be addressed in
the Committee onCustoms ValuationTN/MA/W/25/Add.1
Page 51Maintaining
ParticipantProducts affected by
the barrierNature of the barrier Tr ade Effects of the
barrierInventory
categoryRelevant WTO
provisionTreatment of the
barrier
12 3 4 5 6 7
All products Providing exporters with 6% tax
refunds to encourage exports.Distorts trade. Part I A:
GovernmentaidsAgreement on
Subsidies andCountervailingMeasuresTo be addressed in
the Committee onSubsidies andCountervailingMeasures
Food and drugs The application and review
procedures (including filing
applications to importingMember’s authority, testing,labeling, and certification, etc.)for imported food and drugs arevery long. They are time
consuming and costly. Renewal of
food and drug import certificationis also required on a periodicbasis.The complicated
procedure burdens
importers.Part III A:
GeneralAgreement on
Technical
Barriers to Trade
Agreement on
Application ofSanitary of
Phytosanitary
MeasuresTo be addressed in
the Committees on
Technical Barriersto Trade andSanitary andPhytosanitaryMeasures
Rolled carbon steel,working wire, bar
steel, steel model,
alloy steel products,hollow steel bars orrodsProhibits the import of steel bars
or rods to protect domestic
industries. The issuing import
licenses is not expressly stipulatedand lacks transparency.This non-automatic
licensing has trade-
restrictive effects on
imports and isinconsistent with thetransparency principle.Part IV A:
Import
licensingAgreement on
Import Licensing
ProceduresTo be addressed in
the Committee on
Import Licensing
Food Onerous quarantine requirement,
delayed customs clearance, lackof transparency in administrative
procedure.Increases costs and
consumes time.Part III B:
Technicalregulation and
standards
Part II G:CustomsformalitiesArt. 8 of GATT
1994TBTEliminate
unnecessaryrequirements and
increase
transparencyTN/MA/W/25/Add.1
Page 52
Maintaining
ParticipantProducts affected by
the barrierNature of the barrier Tr ade Effects of the
barrierInventory
categoryRelevant WTO
provisionTreatment of the
barrier
12 3 4 5 6 7
Steel Customs valuation shall be
notarized by specific company.Notarized reports for testing andcertification of goods are requiredand are to be paid by the
applicants.Increases cost, delays
customs clearance, andconsumes time.Part II B:
ValuationPart III C:Testing andcertification
arrangementsArt. 8 of GATT
1994TBTReduce
unnecessaryrequirements
Electronic(Information)Requires a minimum amount of
importation for customs valuation.Extra consular documentationrequired.Does not allow for small
volume of importation.Increases cost.Part II B:
ValuationPart II D:consularformalitiesand
documentationArt. 11 of GATT
1994Art. 8 of GATT1994Reduce
unnecessary andunreasonablerequirementsTN/MA/W/25/Add.1
Page 53VI. URUGUAY
Maintaining
participantProducts affected Nature of th e barrier Trade effects of the
barrierInventory category WTO provisions Treatment
Drugs, cosmetics and
like products, and theraw materials used intheir manufacture;
diagnostic reagents and
personal hygieneproducts or toiletries;chemical contraceptivepreparations and
condoms.Rules and procedures for
the registration and controlof natural medicinalproducts and the
establishments where they
are manufactured, storedand marketed.Not available Specific Limitations:
Requirementsconcerning marking,labelling and
packaging (IV K).Agreement on
Technical Barriers toTradeTo be
determined
Biological, chemicaland pharmaceuticalproducts for animal useand products intendedfor animal nutrition.Official standards issued by
the government,establishing the animalhealth characteristics andspecifications of suchproducts.Not available Specific Limitations:
Requirementsconcerning marking,labelling andpackaging (IV K).Agreement on
Technical Barriers toTradeTo be
determined
These standards also cover
the containers and
packaging used, and theanimal health informationthat must appear on labelsand in instructions forchemical, pharmaceutical,
biological and food
products for animal use orconsumption, where ananimal heath risk isinvolved.
Alcoholic beverages The nature of the product,
its formula, quality, generic
or specific name, and frontand back labels mustcorrespond to government-Not available Specific Limitations:
Requirements
concerning marking,labelling andpackaging (IV K)Agreement on
Technical Barriers to
TradeTo be
determinedTN/MA/W/25/Add.1
Page 54
Maintaining
participantProducts affected Nature of th e barrier Trade effects of the
barrierInventory category WTO provisions Treatment
approved specifications, in
accordance with the
applicable provisions, andmay not be modified.
Drugs, cosmetics andlike products, and theraw materials used intheir manufacture;
diagnostic reagents and
personal hygieneproducts or toiletries;chemical contraceptivepreparations andcondoms.The manufacture,
marketing and export ofsuch products is subject tosanitary registration, sales
authorization and sanitary
control.Not available Customs and
Administrative EntryProcedures:  Customsformalities (II G)Agreement on
Technical Barriers toTradeTo be
determined
Fertilizers and
agrochemicalsCompulsory registration of
plant protection products
for marketing in aMember's territory.  Theprocess is long, expensiveand ineffective.Not available General (III A) or
Testing and
certificationarrangements (III C)Agreement on
Technical Barriers to
TradeTo be
determined
Footwear Eco-labelling.  The eco-
labelling of footwear is
subject to the fulfilment ofcertain criteria.  Such alabel is granted after aseries of tests which provethat recognized
environmental management
systems have beenincorporated in themanufacturing process.Not available Testing and
certification
arrangements (III C)and requirementsconcerning marking,labelling andpackaging (IV K)Agreement on
Technical Barriers to
TradeTo be
determined
Drugs for retail sale
containing penicillins,streptomycin or
derivatives thereof, forImports of these products
must comply withpackaging requirements.
The packaging must beNot available Requirements
concerning marking,labelling and
packaging (IV K)Agreement on
Technical Barriers toTradeTo be
determinedTN/MA/W/25/Add.1
Page 55Maintaining
participantProducts affected Nature of th e barrier Trade effects of the
barrierInventory category WTO provisions Treatment
human use. labelled in Spanish and
indicate the following:
name of the product;composition of the formula;names and addresses of themanufacturer and importer;mode of administration;
directions for use;
warnings and precautions;approved conditions of sale;and expiry date.
Textiles (generic) Quantitative restrictions:
Import quotas.  Quotas havegenerally been under-
utilised, mainly because
importers prefer to purchaseproducts from countrieswithout export quotas, so asto avoid the formalities
involved in applying for the
required import licence.Not available Quantitative
restrictions andimport licensing
(IV A)Agreement on Textiles
and ClothingTo be
determined
Animal or vegetablefertilizersBefore fertilizers can be
introduced into a Member'sterritory, the economicauthority requires import
authorization from the
departments of the
Commission
∗ for the
control of the processingand use of such products.Not available Quantitative
restrictions andimport licensing(IV A)Agreement on Import
Licensing ProceduresTo be
determined
__________
                                                     
∗ Ref:  "Commission for the Control of the Processing and Use of Pesticides, Fertilizers and Toxic Substances" (CICLOPLAFEST) / Comisión para el Control
del Proceso y Uso de plaguicidas, Fertilizantes y Sustancias Tóxicas" – www.cec.org (North Am. Comm. for Env. Cooperation)