. /.WORLD TRADE
ORGANIZATIONWT/MIN(01)/ST/73
11 November 2001
(01-5639)
MINISTERIAL CONFERENCE
Fourth SessionDoha, 9 - 13 November 2001Original:  Spanish
PARAGUAY
Statement by H.E. Mr Luís Maria Ramírez Boettner
Ambassador, Permanent Representative to the WTO,
Former Minister of Foreign Affairs
I should like first of all to congratulate you, Mr Chairman, on your election to lead the work
of this important Fourth Ministerial Meeting of the World Trade Organization and to assure you of
our full support so that this meeting may attain the objectives towards which we are all striving,
namely finding a way of establishing more liberalized international trade with clear, fair and equitablerules that take account of the interests of all Member States – the developed, developing and least-
developed alike.
Paraguay is working for the strengthening of the WTO itself so that it may be the determinant
for development through international trade, enabling  all Member States to grow and strengthen their
economies through sustained and sustainable development, and to eradicate poverty and provide
greater well-being for their peoples.  This is why we wish the WTO to be of worldwide reach and we
are therefore happy to welcome the People's Republic of China and the customs territory of Taiwan,
Penghu, Kinmen and Matsu, which will make a meaningful contribution to improved international
trade.  We are also hopeful that the negotiations will soon be concluded for the incorporation of the
Russian Federation, Algeria and other countries so that trade can be truly multilateral.
There is no doubt that we are beginning this Fourth Ministerial Conference at a time of
dramatic events and tensions throughout the world as a result of the tragic and evil events of
11 September, compounded by incipient world recession that is penalizing the international trade of
the developing and least-developed countries and by extension, their economies.  In many cases,
including that of Paraguay, this is even affecting national policy by reason of the shortage ofeconomic resources caused by lack of access to markets, which means that we are unable to forge
ahead with our development and fulfil our aspirations towards economic and social improvement.
Paraguay has no coastline, which means higher freight rates and difficulties of access to
markets for our trade.  It is a predominantly agricultural country and 78 per cent of its exports areproducts from agriculture, cattle rearing and forestry, 49 per cent of the population being engaged in
these activities, which represent 28 per cent of our GDP.  For us therefore, it is of crucial importance
to be able to expand agricultural trade and gain access to the markets of developed countries and for
the products from those countries not to compete with us based on the appreciable subsidies that they
receive and also for agricultural trade not to be distorted by domestic support, which is alsoconsiderable.  It suffices to cite the OECD study which states that in the year 2000, its Member States
recorded a total of US$1 billion per day in agricultural subsidies and that, on account of the denial of
access for our products to the markets of developed countries and given the aforementioned support to
their agriculture, we are being unfairly displaced from international agricultural trade.
If we are aiming at negotiations for a broad development and growth agenda, it is absolutely
necessary to pay heed to what we are proposing in the Cairns Group – including the extendedWT/MIN(01)/ST/73
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MERCOSUR – that is, the gradual opening of markets, the reduction and eventual elimination of
subsidies and the removal of trade-distorting domestic support, and the maintenance of special and
differential treatment for developing countries.  This would enable us to realize the aspiration we had
during the Uruguay Round, which remained thwarted as only Article 20 of the Agreement on
Agriculture was approved.
We insist that if we accept a classification of small economies, despite denials that this means
creating a category, it is in fact the case, landlocked developing countries should be included, for apart
from their small economies, they face the critical problem of having to transit across other States to
reach the sea, which means extra freight costs that should be taken into account through a reduction of
tariffs by importing countries.  Moreover, formulas  should be found to allow funding agencies, when
granting loans for the improvement of transportation and border traffic, to offer better terms, for
example lower interest rates for the necessary works, longer time-frames and a reduction in the
national contribution.
I am now no less fervent a believer in the advantages of multilateralism in international trade
than on 15 April 1994 when I signed the Marrakesh Agreements on behalf of the Republic ofParaguay, but this does not mean that I do not also believe in regional agreements to facilitate trade,
open markets, stimulate economic growth in those countries that are similar and traditionally
interrelated, such as MERCOSUR, to which we belong.
Regional agreements and bilateral ones amongst similar countries pave the way for
multilateralism and also make it possible for trade between those countries to serve as an incentive to
produce more and better and to become integrated in world trade.  Therefore, even though they may
seem to be a negation of multilateralism, they are a first step that plays a meaningful role in making
trade a determinant of development and greater well-being.
We are also advocates of special and differential treatment for developing countries, as this is
the only way in which the latter can keep pace w ith the developed countries in international trade.
But when this special and differential treatment is accorded by developed countries, without
reciprocity, it must come under the rules laid down in the Enabling Clause.
I conclude by expressing the hope that in this meeting of the WTO we will be able, with
wisdom and flexibility, to seek an equitable and fair formula that will allow developing countries toreap the benefits that we are all expecting from international trade and that a stronger WTO will
emerge from this meeting.
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