WORLD TRADE
ORGANIZATIONWT/CTE/W/143
22 June 2000
(00-2533)
Committee on Trade and Environment
ITEM 4: PROVISIONS OF THE MULTILATERAL TRADING SYSTEM WITH RESPECT
TO THE TRANSPARENCY OF TRADE MEASURES USED FOR ENVIRONMENTAL
PURPOSES, AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEASURES AND REQUIREMENTS,
WHICH HAVE SIGNIFICANT TRADE EFFECTS
Environmental Database for 1999
Note by the Secretariat
1. This note contains the WTO Environmental Database (EDB) for 1999.1  The EDB was
established in 19982 in fulfilment of the recommendation in the 1996 Report of the CTE to the
Singapore Ministerial Conference (WT/CTE/1) for the Secretariat to compile and update annually all
environment-related notifications to the WTO.  Th is note constitutes a list of environment-related
measures or provisions that were notified in 1999.  It has been prepared in accordance with the views
expressed by Members on WT/CTE/W/46, using the search methodology adopted in WT/CTE/W/78,3
and the search words set out in WT/CTE/W/102.  The list of search words is attached as an annex to
this note.
I. NOTIFICATIONS
2. WTO Members submitted 2,427 notifications in 1999 under the various WTO Agreements.4
The notifications included in this note specifie d environment as the main objective, among other
reasons for notifying the measure or provision.  The notifications are referred to below and are listed
in the attached tables, according to the Agreements under which they were issued.5  In cases where
notifications were made under more than one Agreement, all relevant symbols are mentioned.  This
note includes references to the environment-related measures, provisions or programmes mentioned inthe Trade Policy Reviews carried out in 1999.
3. Environment-related notifications can be broadly grouped in two categories.  The first
consists of those notifications that list environmental or related factors as the principal objective for
notifying.  The provisions of the GATT 1994 and WTO Agreements that refer explicitly, or are
generally regarded as related to environmental objectives include the following:
                                                     
1 The document containing the Environmental Data Base for 1998 is contained in WT/CTE/W/118, for
1997 in WT/CTE/W/77 and for 1996 in WT/CTE/W/46.
2 See WT/CTE/3.
3 Bearing in mind the complexity and the need to exercise considerable judgement in what constitutes
an environment-related measure, the Secretariat has made this listing as comprehensive as possible, although ithas in some cases shortened or summarized the relevant information.
4 The 2,427 records in the Central Registry of Notifications (CRN) include addendum, corrigendum,
revision, and some notifications issued as a communication from the notifying Member.
5 The search through the various WTO and GATT (1994) notifications was based on the information
contained in the Working Group of Notification Obliga tions and Procedures (NOP) documents G/NOP/W/2 and
G/NOP/W/16/Rev.1, and the Technical Cooperation Handbook of Notifications.WT/CTE/W/143
Page 2
(a) Annex 2 paragraph 12 of the Agreement on Agriculture;
(b) Article 5 paragraph 2 of the Agreement on the Application of Sanitary and
Phytosanitary Measures (SPS);
(c) Article 8.2(c) of the Agreement on Subsidies and Countervailing Measures (SCM);
(d) Articles 2 and 5 of the Agreement on Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT);
(e) Article XIV(b) of the General Agreement on Trade in Services (GATS);
(f) Article 27.2 of the Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property
Rights (TRIPS);  and
(g) Article XX(b) and (g) of the GATT 1994.
4. The second category includes notifications that are not primarily environment-related, but that
include reference to environment-related aspects.  For instance, notifications containing the text of
regional trade agreements may include a clause or a specific environmental provision.
A. AGREEMENT ON TECHNICAL BARRIERS TO TRADE (TBT)
5. Among the 1,162 notifications circulated pursuant to the TBT Agreement in 1999,
environment was mentioned as the main or among the objectives of 84 notifications, as illustrated inTable 1 (pages 14-17).  This constituted 12.5 per cent of the total number of 669 notifications in 1999.
Environment-related notifications have been steadily increasing over the years as illustrated in the
table below:
Year Number of
environment-related
TBT notificationsTotal number of TBT
notifications% of environment-
related notifications
1980-90 211 2,687 7.8
1991 35 358 9.7
1992 36 394 9.1
1993 42 487 8.6
1994 35 508 6.9
1995 41 3,928 10.6
1996 53 460 11.5
1997 89 794 11.2
1998 98 648 15.1
1999 84 669 12.5
1980-1999 723 6,749 10.7
6. TBT notifications contained a diverse group of environmental measures related to: vehicles,
engines, fuels, energy saving, genetically modi fied organisms (GMOs), biotechnology, organic
agriculture, pesticides, fertilizers, wastes, eco-taxes, ozone-depleting substances (ODS), hazardous
materials, and others.  Eighteen notifications covered vehicles and engines, two notifications were
made for eco-taxes, eight notifications were presented regarding fuels, five notifications mentioned
pesticides and fertilizers, 12 notifications dealt with GMOs, organic farming, six notifications were
made for energy efficiency, four notifications were submitted in relation to wastes, seven notificationsreferred to ozone-depleting substances, four notifications concerned hazardous materials, and 18 other
notifications were made in relation to the environment in general.WT/CTE/W/143
Page 3
Others, 21,5  % Vehicles, engines, 21,5 %
Eco-taxes, 2 %
Fuels, 10 %
Pesticides, fertilizers, 6 %
GMO's, organic farming, 14%, Energy efficiency, 7 %Wastes , 5 %ODS, 8 %Hazardous materials, 5 %7. The product break-up of TBT notifications is as follows:
B. AGREEMENT ON THE APPLICATION OF SANITARY AND PHYTOSANITARY (SPS) MEASURES
8. In 1999, 450 notifications were issued under the SPS Agreement.  As all SPS measures deal
with the safety and protection of human, animal and plant health, treating these measures taken for
human, animal and plant health as directly environment related might be misleading.  They, therefore,
have not been included in this note.  However, although it may be a matter of judgement, 12 SPS
notifications, found during the search, are mentioned in Table 2 (page 17).
C. AGREEMENT ON SUBSIDIES AND COUNTERVAILING MEASURES (SCM)
9. In 1999, 27 notifications issued under the SCM Agreement included environment-related
measures, which are mentioned in Table 3 (pages 18-19).  These notifications covered a variety of
programmes, and provisions such as, environmental subsidies, environmental protection measures and
wastewater management programmes, incentives fo r pollution control, environment protection, and
subsidies for pollution prevention.
D. AGREEMENT ON AGRICULTURE
10. In 1999, 220 notifications were submitted by Members, under the various Articles of the
Agreement on Agriculture.  Twenty-eight of thes e notifications were related to environmental
measures.  Table 4 (pages 20-21) includes information on these notifications, 21 of which were made
under the heading “environmental programmes”.
11. Agricultural domestic support for environment-friendly agriculture, soil conservation, general
services on environment, for instance control of erosion, waste management, preservation of
countryside, forests, promotion of sustainable utilization of natural agricultural resources and
payments for special ecological services were among the measures notified.
E. AGREEMENT ON ANTI-DUMPING
12. In 1999, three notifications were submitted under Article 18.5 of the Agreement on
Implementation of Article VI (Anti-Dumping) of the GATT 1994 that concerned the environment.
These notifications, which were also notified under the SCM Agreement, are presented in Table 5
(page 22).  The measures notified included environmental subsidies granted to adapt existing facilities
to new environmental requirements.WT/CTE/W/143
Page 4
F. AGREEMENT ON IMPORT LICENSING PROCEDURES (ILP)
13. In 1999, 66 notifications were made under th e Agreement on Import Licensing Procedures
(ILP).  Ten of these notifications listed in Table 6 (pages 22-23) were environment related, which
were mostly made pursuant to Article 7.3 of the Agreement.  They followed the format of Replies to
Questionnaires on ILP (Annex to G/L/C/3).  The im port licensing procedural requirements were made
in accordance with international conventions such  as the Basel Convention on hazardous and toxic
waste, the Montreal Protocol on ozone-depleting substances, and CITES on endangered species.
14. Import licensing requirements for ozone-depleting substances, renewable wastes, toxic
substances, endangered species, and non-automatic licensing for environmental concerns regarding
wild animals, were among the measures cited in Replies to Questionnaires on ILP.
G. AGREEMENT ON SAFEGUARDS
15. In 1999, one notification6 issued under the Agreement on Safeguards was environment
related.  The measure referred in the notification was exemption of payments of customs duty on
densified wood fibre plate to the established actual assemblers of door shutters.
H. AGREEMENT ON CUSTOMS VALUATION
16. Among the 58 notifications made under Article 22.2 of the Agreement on Implementation of
Article VII of the GATT 1994 (Customs Valuation) in 1999, one notification was relevant to theenvironment.
 7  This notification dealt with customs regulations for the application of the procedures
of destruction and abandonment in favour of the State, where destruction of goods caused damage to
the environment.
I. STATE TRADING
17. There were no notifications submitted in relation to environment pursuant to Article XVII:
4(a) of the GATT 1994 and paragraph 1 of the Understanding on the Interpretation of Article XVII
(State trading).
J. REGIONAL TRADE AGREEMENTS (RTAS ), I NCLUDING THE UNDERSTANDING ON THE
INTERPRETATION OF ARTICLE XXIV OF GATT 1994
18. Table 7 (pages 23-24) captures 24 regional trade agreements (RTAs) that were notified in
1999, which had environment-related provisions.  All of the RTAs included general exceptions related
to the environment.  The measures stated in the RTAs were mainly general exceptions to trade in
relation to environmental protection, and liberalization of environmental services.
K. AGREEMENT ON TRADE -RELATED ASPECTS OF INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS (TRIPS )
19. Among the TRIPS notifications made in 1999, three contained environment-related
provisions.  Table 8 (page 24) lists these notifications, which included national legislation on
non-patentability of inventions which were not environmentally friendly and consideration ofenvironmental pollution data as not a commercial secret.
                                                     
6 G/SG/N/8/IND/3.  The same measure is also notified in G/SG/N/9/IND/2.
7 G/VAL/N/1/LVA/1.WT/CTE/W/143
Page 5
L. THE GENERAL AGREEMENT ON TRADE IN SERVICES (GATS )
20. There were no environment-related notifications made pursuant to Article III.3 of the GATS
in 1999.
M. QUANTITATIVE RESTRICTIONS
21. Among the notifications pursuant to the Decision on Notification Procedures for Quantitative
Restrictions (QRs),8 two notifications are relevant to the environment.  One notification listed import
restrictions on toxic waste and nuclear material, and the other import restrictions on certain chemical
substances pursuant to the Montreal Protocol under Article XX(b).9
N. AGREEMENT ON TRADE -RELATED INVESTMENT MEASURES (TRIMS )
22. In 1999, there were no environment-related notifications made to the TRIMS Agreement.
O. AGREEMENT ON BALANCE -OF-PAYMENTS (BOP)
23. There were no environment-related notifications made pursuant to the Understanding on the
Balance-of-Payments provisions of GATT 1994.
P. PLURILATERAL TRADE AGREEMENTS :  AGREEMENT ON GOVERNMENT PROCUREMENT
24. There were no environment-related notifications made to the Agreement on Government
Procurement.
II. TRADE POLICY REVIEWS
25. There were 12 Trade Policy Reviews (TPRs) carried out in 1999.  The TPRs of Argentina and
Togo were included in the 1998 Environmental Database.10  References to environment-related
measures, provisions or programmes contained in the Secretariat and Government reports for the
other ten TPRs are listed below in the order in which these TPRs were prepared (Guinea, Egypt, US,
Bolivia, Israel, Philippines, Romania, Nicaragua,  Papua New Guinea, and Thailand).  Environment-
related references are mainly found in relation to import/export restrictions, some of which pursuant
to multilateral environmental agreements (MEAs), and government environmental and resource
conservation programmes.  Several TPRs contain sections on environment-related measures and
programmes.
26. The Secretariat TPR of Guinea (WT/TPR/S/54 ) refers to the Government's project to
restructure the livestock farming sector, which was launched in August 1987 with the aim of
intensifying livestock production, improving the genetic performance of local breeds, improving the
institutional framework and developing new semi-i ntensive production systems.  The aims of the
project also include addressing protection of the environment and conservation of renewable
resources by adopting new livestock rearing and farming standards.
27. The Government Report of the TPR of Egypt (WT/TPR/G/55) notes concern about the fact
that environmental standards may be used as a new ba rrier to trade, in particular for the exports that
are of interest to developing countries, which should be allowed to participate in developing these
standards, and should be assisted in having easy access to environmentally-sound technologies.
                                                     
8 Adopted by the Council for Trade in Goods on 1 December 1995 in G/L/59.
9 G/MA/NTM/QR/N/1/Add.6 and Add.7.
10 WT/CTE/W/118.WT/CTE/W/143
Page 6
28. The Secretariat TPR of Egypt (WT/TPR/S/55) states that since Egypt's previous Review, the
Government has removed fertilizers and pesticides from the list of products subject to price controls.
However, key inputs such as electricity and water are provided to farmers almost free of charge.  The
subsidization of water for irrigation, despite its scarcity, has distorted production in favour of water-
intensive crops such as sugar cane and rice, and has the potential to create environmental problems.
29. The Government Report of the United States TPR (WT/TPR/G/56) states that international
trade, complemented by appropriate national environmental policies, can make an important
contribution to environmental protection by reducing market distortions that interfere with cost
internalization, alleviating poverty, helping governments generate the resources that they need to
address environmental challenges and creating markets for environmental goods, services and
technologies.  The US attaches great importance to the work of the WTO in addressing the linkages
between trade and environment in support of our shared commitment to sustainable development as
reflected in the Preamble to the WTO Agreement.  Th e US sees two important elements to this work:
to ensure that in efforts to open markets and develop effective rules to guard against trade
protectionist actions, the ability of Members to pursue other important and legitimate policy goals is
not inappropriately constrained;  and to identify and pursue areas where trade liberalization holds
particular promise for yielding both trade and environmental benefits.  Three areas that hold suchpromise are the reduction or elimination of trade distorting measures in the agriculture sector, the
eliminations of subsidies that contribute to over-fishing and opening markets for environmental goods
and services.  More generally, it is vitally important that trade and environmental officials work
closely together with respect to the agendas of both the WTO and international environmental fora.
30. Reference is made in both the Government and Secretariat reports of the US to environmental
issues in the context of regional agreements.  NAFTA is the first comprehensive trade agreement
accompanied by an agreement on environmental i ssues related to trade.  NAFTA parties have
subscribed a North American Agreement on Environmental Cooperation (NAAEC), which created the
North American Commission on Environmental C ooperation (CEC), whose work concentrates on
environmental conservation;  protection of human health;  cooperation and law enforcement;  and thetrade-off between the environment, trade, and the economy .  These provisions help to ensure that
expanded trade supports the improvement of environmental conditions and the enforcement ofnational environmental laws in North America.
31. Reference is made to the Border Environm ent Cooperation Commission, which is a NAFTA-
created institution that certifies environmental projects with the aim of improving the U.S.-Mexico
border environment.  Since its creation, 24 environmental infrastructure projects have been certified.
Since it was established in 1995, the North American Development Bank (NAD Bank) has approved a
total of US$105 million in loans, guarantees, and grants to help finance 14 environmental projects.  In
April of 1997, the NAD Bank and the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) established the Border
Environment Infrastructure Fund.
32. Reference is made to the fact that it has been agreed to conduct the negotiations to create the
Free Trade Area of the Americas (FTAA) in a ma nner that will build broad public understanding of
and support for the FTAA.  Recognizing the need for open communication with the public throughout
the hemisphere, Ministers endorsed the creation of a Committee of Government Representatives on
the Participation of Civil Society.  For the first time in the history of trade negotiations, a plurilateral
committee has been created whose purpose is to provide an effective means for civil society(e.g., business, labour, consumers, academics, environmental organizations, etc.) to contribute to the
negotiating process.
33. Reference is made to APEC's early voluntary liberalization, which was agreed by Members
for nine sectors, including energy, environmental goods and services, fish and fish products, and
forest products.  In November 1998, the US and the EU concluded a joint action plan for theWT/CTE/W/143
Page 7
Transatlantic Economic Partnership to address trade issues in eight areas, including technical barriers
to trade and environment.
34. The Secretariat TPR of the United States (WT/TPR/S/56) notes that the importation of certain
goods may be prohibited or subject to licensing in order to safeguard consumer health and wellbeing,
or to preserve domestic plant and animal life and the environment.  Potential distortions tocompetition may arise as a consequence of various forms of assistance provided by federal and state
governments to certain types of investment, including those related to environmental protection.  The
Federal Government levies a variety of excise taxes on specific goods and services, including certain
environmentally hazardous products, levied on an ad valorem  or per unit basis.  While the taxes
usually apply to imported and domestically produced products alike, there are a few exceptions.
Ozone-depleting chemicals that are diverted or recovered in the US as part of a recycling process are
not subject to the federal excise taxes levied on newly manufactured or imported ozone-depletingchemicals.
35. As of 31 December 1998, the US had notified 124 technical regulations to the
TBT Committee, mostly regarding measures adopted for health or safety reasons, particularly in the
food, pharmaceutical and automotive industries.  Other measures were taken for environmental or
consumer protection purposes.  The US had submitted 144 notifications to the SPS Committee by theend of 1998, mostly concerning measures taken for health, safety or environmental reasons.
36. Environmental regulations may be issued at the federal or at the state level and are enforced
under:  the Fisherman's Protective Act of 1967 (which provides for trade measures other then product
regulation);  the Marine Mammal Protection Act of 1972;  Section 609 of Public Law 101-162;  the
Endangered Species Act of 1973, as amended, the High Seas Driftnet Fisheries Enforcement Act;  theEnergy Policy and Conservation Act;  and the Clean Air Act, as amended by the Clean Air Act
Amendments of 1990.
37. Imports of Yellowfin tuna harvested in the eastern tropical Pacific Ocean are required to be
accompanied by documentary evidence supplied by the exporting country stating, among other things,
that dolphin mortality limits permitted for the exporting country are not exceeded.
 11   T h e
International Dolphin Conservation Program Act includes provisions that amend the labelling
requirements of tuna products contained in the Dolphin Protection Consumer Information Act.  Tuna
products harvested in the eastern Pacific Ocean may be labelled "dolphin safe" only if the vessel used
corresponds to requirements set by the Department of Commerce, or the product shows compliance
with International Dolphin Conservation Program requirements.  U.S. vessels operating in the eastern
tropical Pacific Ocean Yellowfin tuna fishery are re quired to obtain a licence from the Department of
Commerce.  Regulations prohibiting imports of Atlantic bluefin tuna and its products in any formharvested by vessels of Belize, Honduras (as of  4 August 1997) and Panama (as of 1 January 1998)
were put in place in 1997.  The regulations are aimed at achieving the implementation of
International Commission for the Conservation of Atlantic Tunas (ICCAT) recommendations.  Under
the High Driftnet Fisheries Enforcement Act of 1992, imports of fish and fish products from Italy
require a government certificate stating the non-use of large-scale driftnets.
38. Following a ruling of the U.S. Court of Intern ational Trade (29 December 1995), the scope of
Section 609 of Public Law 101-162, which prohibi ts the import of shrimp and shrimp products
harvested with commercial fishing technology that may adversely affect sea turtles, was extended to
all countries that harvest shrimp.  As of 1 May 1996, shrimp imports are prohibited unless the USDA
certifies either that the harvesting nation has adopted a comparable programme to protect sea turtles(use turtle-excluder devices) or that the fishing environment of the harvesting nation does not pose
risk to sea turtles.  Imports not certified by USDA are allowed for shrimp harvested from aquaculture
                                                     
11 Exporting countries are also required to supply evid ence that they are a member or have taken steps
to become a member of the Inter-American Tropical Tuna Commission.WT/CTE/W/143
Page 8
facilities;  by boats using turtle-excluder devices or that retrieve nets through non-mechanical means;
or in areas with no sea turtles, provided they are accompanied by certification from the harvester and
a government official of exporting country.
39. Other import prohibitions include:  any wild animal or bird if captured or exported contrary to
the law of the foreign country;  feathers or skins of any wild bird, except for scientific and educationalpurposes.  In order to implement the International Convention on the Conservation of Atlantic Tunas
(ICCAT), imports of Atlantic Bluefin Tuna and its products in any form harvested by vessels of
Panama, Honduras and Belize are prohibited.
12
40. The US Conservation Reserve Programme has been notified to the WTO Committee on
Agriculture as a "green box" programme.  As noted by the U.S. authorities, this programme is not
notifiable to the Subsidies Committee because it is generally available to all agricultural producers
and is, therefore, non-specific.
41. The Government Report of the TPR of Bolivia (WT/TPR/G/57) notes that in order to
implement the TBT Agreement, the Bolivian St andardization, Metrology, Accreditation and
Certification System was established in 1997 to promote the competitiveness and quality of Bolivian
goods and services in national and international markets, to guarantee human, animal and plant health
and safety and to ensure protection of the environment and the consumer.
42. The Secretariat TPR of Bolivia (WT/TPR/S/57) notes that Bolivia does not use import
prohibitions except for products deemed by the authorities to cause prejudice to public health,
environment or morality.  Prohibited items include toxic and radioactive materials.  Other products,
such as refrigerating equipment and air conditioning equipment containing CFC-12, are prohibited
through specific regulations.  Certain imports are subject to specific technical requirements:compliance with anti-pollution norms for motor vehicles and engines;  and certification that
refrigerating and air conditioning equipment does not contain CFC-12 as a refrigerant.  Import
licences are required for insecticides, radioactive materials, and for several chemical substances.
43. The Secretariat TPR of Israel (WT/TPR/S/58) mentions that Israel's commitments under the
GATS essentially bound the existing policy framework for market access including in the area of
environment.  Import prohibitions as of June 1999 include matches made from white or yellow
phosphorus for environmental protection.  Currently, some 42 items, by broad categories, are
prohibited under law for various reasons, such as compliance with international agreements (including
those regarding dangerous drugs and protection of plants and animals), and the conservation of local
resources.  An export monitoring system is in place for exports of wastes for environmental reasons.
As of April 1999, Israel maintained 65 standards for environmental protection.
44. The Government Report of the Philippines TPR (WT/TPR/G/59) states that the Philippines
finds the interface of trade and environment challenging because both involve legitative interests that
are inscribed, on the one hand, in WTO rules, and on the other, in MEAs.  As the WTO continues
with the examination of the relationship between the two, the Philippines attaches particular
importance to the potential benefits of removing trade-restricting and distorting measures because
these will be more effective in achieving a more open and non-discriminatory international tradingsystem that can provide concrete opportunities for countries to uplift their standards of living.  While
it is certainly important that trade and development policies give full recognition to the protection of
the environment, the preservation of the principles and disciplines of the multilateral trading system
remains paramount for the Philippines.
                                                     
12 Imports from Honduras and Belize had been prohibited since 4 August 1997;  while imports from
Panama have been prohibited since 1 January 1998.WT/CTE/W/143
Page 9
45. The Secretariat TPR of the Philippines (WT/TPR/S/59) refers to the Medium-Term Philippine
Development Plan which outlined policies, strategies, priority sector activities and legislation for the
period 1999-2004 to achieve a sustainable development path anchored on growth with social equity.
Cooperation in the field of investment was streng thened significantly with the conclusion of an
agreement to establish an ASEAN Investment Area by  2010;  under the Agreement, all restrictions to
foreign direct investment in manufacturing, except those justified on health, safety, security, and
environmental grounds13, are to be removed for ASEAN investors, who will also receive full national
treatment.  Imports regulations are in place on cyanide, cyanide compounds and chlorofluorocarbons
to protect the environment and to fulfil obligations under international treaties;  and on pesticides,
including agricultural chemicals to protect human and plant health.
46. The Philippines notified existing trade-related investment measures in the coconut-based
chemical sector whereby local-content requirements exist to make use of coconut-based chemicals forreasons of protecting the environment.  Through the Coconut Investment Fund and the Coconut
Consumers Stabilization Fund, the Government apparently collects levies from coconut producers to
finance, inter alia , government-owned coconut oil mills.  All local soap and detergent manufactures
are required to use at least 60 per cent of locally produced surfactant
14
47. Exports are allowed without restriction except for certain products classified as "regulated"
for reasons of national interest and international agreements, or "prohibited" for environmental
reasons or to conserve depletable raw materials (see table below).  The regulated and prohibited
export products require export clearance from appropriate government agencies prior to filing an
export declaration and shipment.  Exports classified  as prohibited may not be exported except for
scientific or testing purposes.  The Philippines does not maintain export controls on agriculturalcommodities, except for a ban on exports of genetic material.
Products requiring prior export approval/permit from relevant government agencies
Office/agency Regulated Prohibited
Forest Management Bureau,
Department of Environmentof Natural ResourcesLogs, poles and piles including log core and
flitches/railroad ties;  LumberBakawan (Mangrove)
Bureau of Fisheries and
Equatic ResourcesBangus fry;  Mother Bangus (sabalo;
Prawn spawner and fry
Undersized raw shells of Trocas, Gold lip,
Black lip, Turbo mamoratus and KapisTrumpet shells (Triton);  helmet
shells (Cassis);  live specimens, raw
shells, meat and by-products of giant
clams (Tridacna gigas, T. derasa,T. squamosa, T. maxima, T. crocea,hippopus porcellanus, H. hippopus)
Wild, marine species, e.g. water snakes(cerberus rynhops);  seasnakes;  live skin orproducts from the skin or meatWild marine species e.g. precious,
semi-precious and all ordinary corals,raw and by-products
Protected Areas and WildlifeBureauFrogs;  live, skin or products from the skin or
meat
Wild terrestrial species, to include live,stuffed, preserved, by-products andderivatives, e.g.:Wild terrestrial species whether live,
stuffed or by-products, e.g.:
Mammals (i.e. Philippine monkeys, cloud-
rats, ant eaters, Philippine tarsier and skunk)Mammals (i.e. tamaraw, tarsier, deers,
sea cow, fruit bats)
                                                     
13These exclusions are to be progressively phased out by 2003.
14This measure was initially notified as a local content requirement on 25 April 1995 as
G/TRIMS/N/PHL/1.  It was later notified again as G/TRIMS/N/2/Rev.5 in 1999.WT/CTE/W/143
Page 10
Office/agency Regulated Prohibited
Aves (i.e. bleeding heart pigeons, java
sparrows, tree sparrow, parrot finches,
Philippine white-eye, Philippine starlings,hanging parakeets, brush cuckoo, plaintivecuckoo, amethyst fruit dove, blue-tailed bee-eater, crested mynah, pink-necked green
pigeon, painted quail, button quails, bended
rail, plain swamphen, green-winged dove,slender-billed cuckoo, white-eared browndove, kingfishers, black-naped oriole, black-
naped monarch, red amadavat guiaberol)Aves (i.e. eagles, redvent cockatoo,
Palawan peacock pheasant, Palawan
mynah, horn bills, nicobar pigeon,Mindoro imperial pigeon, Peregrinefalcon, spotted green shank, kotch'spitta, giant scops own and Eastern
sarus crane)
Reptiles (i.e. gecko, monitor and sail-finned
lizards, land turtles)Reptiles (e.g. crocodiles, marine
turtles, pythons)
Flora (i.e. tree ferns, cycas plant, all species
of orchids, aloe plant, sanders alocasia,
striped alocasia, volavol, bungang ipod,cactus, Philippine camia/garland, Himalayanyew, Agar wood, eagle wood, big-leaf
mahogany and red-sanders)Flora (i.e. lady's slipper orchid, vanda
sanderiana, pitcher plant,
dendrobicum cruenthum)
All species of butterflies
Exotic wildlife species found under AppendixII of CITES such as parrots, macaw, pigeonsand conuresExotic wildlife species found under
Appendix I of the CITES such asbuffon macaw, scarlet macaw
Department of Environmentand Natural ResourcesBamboo, monkey pod ( acacia), rattan
(including poles)
Source :  Secretariat TPR of Romania (WT/TPR/S/59).
48. The Government report of the TPR of Romania (WT/TPR/G/60) states that as
of 1 January 1998, all Romanian foreign trade is free of any prohibition or quantitative limitation.
Some products (raw materials, low manufactured goods) continue to be monitored through an
automatic export licensing system, which encompasses exhaustible natural resources or those
affecting the environment.  Automatic import licenses are also used for goods with an impact on
human and plant health.  The Ministry of Industr y and Commerce issues automatic export or import
licenses.  Exceptions to this rule encompass products which might affect human health, environmental
protection or trade in precious metals, for which prior endorsement is required from the Ministry of
Health, Ministry of Environment and the National Bank of Romania respectively.  Excise taxes for
motor vehicles vary between 0 and 18 per cent, in accordance with engine capacity and the degree of
pollution.15  Romania notified the right to use certain subsidies, in accordance with the facilities
provided for countries in transition, including related to environmental programmes.
49. The Secretariat Report (WT/TPR/S/60) notes Romania's implementation of its commitments
under certain MEAs joined during the period under re view, particularly the Basel Convention and the
Montreal Protocol.  The import control system currently applies to:  scrap metal and other wastes;
and products dangerous for human health or for the environment.  Romania has also ratified CITES,the Convention on Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution, the UN Convention on the Law of the
Sea, the Montreal Protocol, the Basel Conven tion, and the UN Framework Convention on Climate
Change.
50. After years of overexploitation by the former communist regime, the new Forestry Code of
1996 requires the régie  to manage the national forests on a sustainable basis, accounting for
environmental preservation.  On the proposal of the Ministry of Waters, Forests and the Environment,
the Government decides on annual ceilings for cut wood production, and sells the resulting allocation
to economic agents on the basis of auctions.  Until 1998, domestic prices for cut wood were
                                                     
15 For example, the top rate of 18 per cent applies to gasoline-powered vehicles with an engine capacity
of over 2,500 cubic centimetres, reduced by 50 per cent (to 9 per cent) for vehicles with a lower pollution level.WT/CTE/W/143
Page 11
depressed, in relation to world market prices, by the export ban on cut wood (automatic import
licensing continues to apply).  Tariffs applied at the border rise with the degree of processing,
from 7 per cent on sawn wood to 30 per cent on shaped wood and some 20 per cent on furniture and
other finished products.
51. The Secretariat TPR of Nicaragua (WT/TPR/S/61) mentioned import prohibitions for the
protection of human health, animal and plant life, and the environment in compliance with domestic
legislation or international commitments.  Since the early 1990s export prohibitions have affected
timber of two species (cedar and mahogany, as from 1997), lobsters in reproductive phase, and
estuary shrimps in larval stage (as from 1991);  these measures are to protect the environment and
natural resources.  Export licensing requirements apply to ensure the enforcement of quality and
sanitary controls or to meet international commitments with respect to conservation of wildlife
(CITES export certificates) and environmental protection.  Licensing in the form of authorization isalso required for exports of sawn wood other than cedar and mahogany (as from 1992, Ministry of the
Environment and Natural Resources);  and scrap of cast iron, copper bronze and aluminum.
52. Legislation passed in 1997 envisages fiscal incentives (e.g. projects for recycling household
and industrial waste, duty-free treatment of "clean" machinery and equipment) to promote
environmental protection, pollution control, and sustainable use of natural resources.  It also provides,inter alia , for import prohibition and export authorization of dangerous waste;  prior appraisal and
permits for any industrial or other projects or works carrying environmental risks;  sanctions;  and the
establishment of a National Committee on Environment and a National Fund for the Environment.
Implementing regulations are pending.  Nicaragua subscribes to most major environment-related
international agreements.
53. A Plan of Forest Action was passed in 1992 to assure conservation and sustainable
development/exploitation of forest resources;  in 1994, specific conservation conditions were set for
granting forest exploitation contracts.  Two large forest reserves (Bosawás, Si-A-Paz) situated in
border areas are to guarantee the preservation of resources.  In April 1998, in response to reports on
environmental degradation due to rapid deforestation, a complete suspension (including previouslyissued permits) was introduced on felling precious woods, such as mahogany, cedar and bombax
(bombacopsis quinatum ), until the year 2003;  although sanctions and fines were set for violations,
concern has been expressed about the ability to implement this regulation.  Illegal logging (and
massive fires) seems to have continued depleting the Bosawás forest reserve.  In July 1999, new
legislation on the management and conservation of forest resources was being processed, it provides,
inter alia , for fiscal incentives as well as the establishment of a National Forest Fund and institutional
strengthening.  Although border protection for wood stands at 1.4 per cent, average tariff levels forwooden cases and furniture are 13.3 per cent and 14.2 per cent, thus encouraging domestic processing.
Since the early 1990s, export prohibitions have affected unprocessed timber logs, and logs of cedar
and mahogany, while exports of sawn wood require prior authorization.
54. With respect to mining, a series of environmental protection measures are being enforced
through the issue by the Ministry of Environment and Natural Resources of permits on environmentalimpact and resource utilization.  Average border pr otection in mining is low (2.3 per cent).  A Mining
Development Fund has operated since 1995 and includes funding for environmental protection.  Since
1996, a bill on mining has been under examination at the National Assembly.  It deals among other
things with environmental protection.
55. The Government Report of the TPR of Papua New Guinea (PNG) (WT/TPR/G/62) notes that
the Government's forestry policy is predicated upon:  the continuation of environmentally and
economically sustainable production;  the progressive development of viable value-added sectors such
as sawmilling, veneer and furniture production;  and the progressive localization of ownership of
logging and processing facilities.  To achieve these and other subsidiary objectives the Government
employs a series of revenue and policy measures, which include:  export taxes on round log exports asWT/CTE/W/143
Page 12
an incentive to downstream processing of forest products;  and restrictions on the export of high-value
species such as ebony, black bean, and rosewood.
56. The Secretariat TPR of PNG (WT/TPR/S/62-2) states that special procedures apply to mining
and petroleum investment as well as to forestry and fishing, where respective ministers exercise
discretionary approval in accordance with set procedures.  The Ministers for Lands and PhysicalPlanning and for Environment and Conservation also have some discretionary powers over foreign
investment.  Licences to log natural forests are the constitutional responsibility of the national
Government.  Loggers must also obtain a business licence from the relevant provincial government to
commence operations, and negotiate access to forests with traditional landowners.  The PNG Forest
Board in accordance with the Forestry Act of 1991 and the National Forestry Policy control logging
rights.  Government policy is implemented by the PNG Forest Authority, and has been interpreted in
the PNG Forestry Development Guidelines issued in 1993.  Unlike in the 1993 Guidelines, the Actexempts current logging projects from conformity with the new environmental and logging practices.
A logging code of conduct, adopted in 1996, contains many of the temporary guidelines on clear
felling introduced in 1995.
57. The Government Report of Thailand (WT/TPR/G/63) refered to import prohibitions on
certain products for reasons of public health and safety, and environmental consideration and in
compliance with its obligations under international agreements.  Import controls are maintained for
the purpose of public health and safety, environmental protection.  Thailand attaches great importance
to investments that will bring technological developments to Thailand and help improve infrastructure
facilities as well as environmental restoration and protection.  Thailand has ratified a number of
MEAs:  the Montreal Protocol, Basel Convention, CITES, ITTA, and the Convention on ClimateChange.  Thailand is in the process of ratifying or acceding to the Convention on Biological Diversity,
the Convention to Combat Desertification and th e Kyoto Protocol to the Convention on Climate
Change;  Thailand is a signatory to the UN High S eas Fishery and FAO Code of Responsible Fishery.
58. Thailand participates in ISO 14000 meetings in which international standards on
environmental management, labelling, auditing and impact assessments are being made.  For thestandards that have already been finalized under the ISO 14000 series, relevant governmental
agencies and private organizations have encouraged Thai companies and SMEs to follow these
standards even though they are voluntary.  At present, Thailand is a leading country in the
ASEAN region to receive ISO 14001 certificates as many companies in Thailand have been certified
as meeting ISO on environmental management.  The Ministry of Industry has a programme to assist
SMEs to attain ISO standards in addition to putting more resources into training certifiers and
accreditors.
59. The Ministry of Science, Technology and Environment, under direction from the
National Environment Committee, is in the process of considering appropriate environmental taxes
and charges in Thailand in accordance with the “polluters pays principle.”  The Ministry also
conducts regular public awareness programmes to instil a sense of environmental responsibility.  A
Thai eco-labelling scheme called “Green Label Thailand” was introduced in 1994 and jointlyadministered by the Thailand Environment Institute and Ministry of Industry.  The label is currently
given to ten product groups such as recycled paper, energy-saving refrigerators and air-conditioners,
and non-CFC sprays.  The criteria for awarding the label to most products are identical or similar to
those found in developed countries.  This helps explain why so far there have been only a few of
products that have been awarded the Green Label.  Nevertheless, it is believed that such high andstringent criteria will be useful for companies that have successfully met the standards as it will be
easier for them to apply for eco-labelling in other countries.WT/CTE/W/143
Page 13
60. The Secretariat TPR of Thailand (WT/TPR/S/63-3) notes that non-automatic licensing applies
for public health or environmental reasons to imports of ceramic food containers coated with lead, to
clenbuterol compounds, and to plastic waste, parings, and scrap used motor vehicles, used
motorcycles, and used diesel engines.  Export licences for environmental reasons are listed below.
Exports licensed for environmental reasons
Wood and articles of wood,
rattanNon-automatic licensing Forest conservation
Wood charcoal Non-automatic licensing Forest conservation
Coal, all types except briquette
from Hongai anthracite coalProhibition unless approved by the
National Energy AdministrationConservation of natural resources
Elephants Non-automatic licensing Animal conservation
Black tiger shrimp, live Export permission To preserve the original species
Ornamental fish Export permission Animal conservation
Rare sea animals Export permission Animal conservation
Horses, mules and donkeys Non-automatic licensing Animal conservation
Tree shrews Non-automatic licensing Conservation of rare animal
species
Wild animals (277 kinds) Non-automatic licensing Animal conservation
Wild animal carcasses (292kinds)Non-automatic licensing Animal conservation
Coral Non-automatic licensing Conservation of seacoast and
deep-sea
Geomyda spinosa Non-automatic licensing Animal conservation
Natural sand Ban on exports Conservation of exhaustible
resources
Minerals composed with natural
sandProhibition unless approved by the
Department of Mineral ResourcesConservation of exhaustible
resources
Source: Government of Thailand.
61. Fish and prawn exports are subject to licensing for reasons of health and safety.  In addition to
health and safety measures, the Department of Fisheries controls trade in fishery products for
environmental purposes in accordance with CITES (this applies for example to marine mammals,
alligators, and sea turtles).  Tariffs on fish imports were substantially reduced in August 1999 in order
to avoid negative tariff escalation.  Recent environmental problems may limit the further growth of
shrimp exports.  As a result of the damaging effect of shrimp farms on water and soil, in mid-1998 the
Government banned inland shrimp farming in the rice growing plains of central Thailand.  Shrimpfarms in other areas may continue to operate as long as they recycle their waste, so as not to pollute
irrigation canals.  Approximately 13 per cent of the farmed areas are affected by the ban.  According
to the Thai Frozen Foods Association, output in 1999 could be one fifth lower than in 1998 as a result
of the measure.
62. Thailand's large shrimp processing industry, developed under Board of Investment
promotional privileges, is currently experiencing problems of over-capacity, which could be
aggravated by the recent ban on shrimp farming.  A ccording to the authorities, the oversupply results
from market factors, such as the graduation from GSP schemes in Thailand's major export markets.
Fish products, have an average applied tariff of approximately 30 per cent, down from 45 per cent
in 1995.  A quantitative import restriction is in place on fishmeal, together with an import surcharge.WT/CTE/W/143
Page 14
Table 1:  Agreement on Technical Barriers to Trade
Symbol of the notification Member
NotifyingDescription of the
measure, product
or issueObjective
G/TBT/Notif.99.3 Japan Vehicles, machines Promote energy
conservation
G/TBT/Notif.99.11 E.C. Pesticide active substances Protection of the
environment
G/TBT/Notif.99.17 Belgium Thermal insulation of
buildingsEnergy saving
G/TBT/Notif.99.24 Denmark Products containing
"Diuron", and "Irgarol"Protection of the aquatic
environment
G/TBT/Notif.99.25 Denmark Lead and lead containing
productsProtection of the
environment
G/TBT/Notif.99.37 Uruguay Products depleting the ozone
layerProtection of the
environment
G/TBT/Notif.99.46 Netherlands Granular building materials Protection of the
environment
G/TBT/Notif.99.53 Hong Kong,
ChinaLeaded fuel and fuel
additives containing leadProtection of the
environment
G/TBT/Notif.99.54 U.S. Spark ignition engines Protection of the
environment
G/TBT/Notif.99.81 Netherlands Re-use of slightly polluted
soilSoil management
G/TBT/Notif.99.83 Netherlands Building and demolition
wastesPrevent dumping of re-
usable waste
G/TBT/Notif.99.87 Netherlands Hovercrafts Prevent pollution of the
environment
G/TBT/Notif.99.90 Thailand Motorcycles and mopeds Protection of the
environment
G/TBT/Notif.99.95 Switzerland Products containing living
GMOsProtection of the
environment
G/TBT/Notif.99.96 Denmark Bunkering ships (oil tankers) Prevention of oil
pollution
G/TBT/Notif.99.115 Chile Fuel – oil Protection of the
environment
G/TBT/Notif.99.164 Belgium Eco-taxes Protection of the
environment
G/TBT/Notif.99.165 Belgium Eco-taxes Protection of the
environment
G/TBT/Notif.99.169 Mexico Vehicles Protection of the
environment
G/TBT/Notif.99.170 Thailand Fuels Protection of the
environment
G/TBT/Notif.99.171 Thailand Fuels Protection of the
environment
G/TBT/Notif.99.195 Netherlands Short chained chlorinated
paraffinsDecreasing pollution of
aquatic environment
G/TBT/Notif.99.206 Mexico CFCs Protection of the
environment
G/TBT/Notif.99.207 Mexico New autos and lorries Protection of the
environment
G/TBT/Notif.99.233 E.C. Motor vehicles Protection of the
environment
G/TBT/Notif.99.240 Bolivia Dichlorofluoromethane Reduces number of CFCsWT/CTE/W/143
Page 15
Symbol of the notification Member
NotifyingDescription of the
measure, product
or issueObjective
G/TBT/Notif.99.241 Bolivia Dichlorofluoromethane Reduces number of CFCs
G/TBT/Notif.99.243 France Turbines, engines etc. Protection of the
environment
G/TBT/Notif.99.244 New Zealand Foods derived from gene
technologyConsumer information
G/TBT/Notif.99.250 Switzerland Medicines that contain
GMOs, etcConsumer information
G/TBT/Notif.99.252 Colombia Motor vehicles Protection of the
environment
G/TBT/Notif.99.253 Canada Tributyltetradecylphos-
phonium chlorideProtection of the
environment
G/TBT/Notif.99.259 Jamaica Labelling of products and
equipmentConsumer information
G/TBT/Notif.99.286 E.C. Agricultural products and
foodstuffs from organic
productionConsumer information
G/TBT/Notif.99.298 Peru National Electric Code Preservation of the
environment
G/TBT/Notif.99.314 Japan Household freezers Promote environmental
conservation
G/TBT/Notif.99.314/Rev.1 Japan Household freezers Promote environmental
conservation
G/TBT/Notif.99.324 Thailand Product standards To be consistent with
environmental standards
G/TBT/Notif.99.327 E.C. Agricultural products and
foodstuffs from organic
productionInformation labelling
G/TBT/Notif.99.330 Canada Biotech substances Protection of the
environment
G/TBT/Notif.99.332 Sweden Refrigerating, heating plants Protection of the
environment
G/TBT/Notif.99.342 Thailand Hazardous substances Protection of the
environment
G/TBT/Notif.99.343 Norway GMOs containing foodstuffs
and food ingredientsCompliance with
parliament decision
G/TBT/Notif.99.357 El Salvador Waste water discharge Protection of the
environment
G/TBT/Notif.99.360 Australia All motor vehicles Prevent carbon dioxide
pollution
G/TBT/Notif.99.365 France Petrol station pumps Avoid ozone and
photochemical pollution
G/TBT/Notif.99.366 France Petrol pumps in petrol
stationsAvoid ozone and
photochemical pollution
G/TBT/Notif.99.367 France Petrol pumps in petrol
stationsAvoid ozone and
photochemical pollution
G/TBT/Notif.99.368 Finland Dangerous chemicals Assessment of
environmental risks
G/TBT/Notif.99.372 E.C. Pesticide active substances Protection of the
environment
G/TBT/Notif.99.373 E.C. Pesticide active substances Protection of the
environment
G/TBT/Notif.99.376 Hong Kong,
ChinaHousehold electric clothes
dryersPromote energy
efficiency awareness
G/TBT/Notif.99.387 Chile Public transport bus engines Avoidance of pollutionWT/CTE/W/143
Page 16
Symbol of the notification Member
NotifyingDescription of the
measure, product
or issueObjective
G/TBT/Notif.99.393 Philippines Various products; electrical,
mechanical, construction, etcProtection of the
environment
G/TBT/Notif.99.400 Thailand Internal combustion engines Protection of the
environment
G/TBT/Notif.99.401 Thailand Internal combustion engines Protection of the engines
G/TBT/Notif.99.445 Philippines Household appliances Energy efficiency
G/TBT/Notif.99.446 Philippines Household appliances Energy efficiency
G/TBT/Notif.99.455 Australia All passenger motor vehicles Reduce greenhouse gas
emissions
G/TBT/Notif.99.457 U.S. Home insulation labelling Energy efficiency
G/TBT/Notif.99.462 Switzerland Non-clinical testing on
chemical substancesProtection of the
environment
G/TBT/Notif.99.496 Costa Rica Fluorescent lamps Protection of the
environment
G/TBT/Notif.99.507 U.S. Dishwashers Energy efficiency
G/TBT/Notif.99.508 Switzerland Fertilizers Prevention of
environmentallydetrimental practices
G/TBT/Notif.99.512 Netherlands Agricultural-horticultural
sealsProtection of the
environment
G/TBT/Notif.99.516 France Basic steel enriching agents Protection of the
environment
G/TBT/Notif.99.518 Belgium Short molecular chain
chlorinated paraffincontaining productsAquatic environmental
protection
G/TBT/Notif.99.521 E.C. Maize and soya containing
GMOsConsumer information
G/TBT/Notif.99.532 France Household packaging waste Compliance with E.C.
Regulations
G/TBT/Notif.99.546 U.S. Pesticide containers Harmonization of
chemical labelling for
environmental hazards
G/TBT/Notif.99.559 U.K. Motor vehicles Protection of the
environment
G/TBT/Notif.99.570 Netherlands Barges, cleaning products
etc.Protection of the
environment
G/TBT/Notif.99.580 Australia Food processed using gene
technologyConsumer information
G/TBT/Notif.99.582 New Zealand Food produced using gene
technologyConsumer information
G/TBT/Notif.99.590 Canada Power assisted cycles Protection of the
environment
G/TBT/Notif.99.608 Netherlands Timber treated with creosote Protection of the
environment
G/TBT/Notif.99.620 Trinidad and
TobagoDiesel fuel Protection of the
environment
G/TBT/Notif.99.621 Mexico Aircraft Protection of the
environment
G/TBT/Notif.99.633 Czech Republic Ecological farming
foodstuffsHarmonization with the
E.C. rules
G/TBT/Notif.99.634 E.C. Pesticide active substances Protection of the
environment
G/TBT/Notif.99.635 Switzerland Organic agricultural
productsConsumer informationWT/CTE/W/143
Page 17
Symbol of the notification Member
NotifyingDescription of the
measure, product
or issueObjective
G/TBT/Notif.99.653 U.S. HVAC Energy Efficiency Administration of energy
efficiency labelling
provisions
G/TBT/Notif.99.659 Mexico Plant nutrients Protection of the
environment
G/TBT/Notif.99.662 Denmark Municipal solid waste
incinerator residuesPrevention of ground
water pollution
Table 2:  Agreement on the Application of Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures
Symbol of the notification Member
NotifyingDescription of the measure,
product or issueObjective
G/SPS/N/AUS/111 Australia Food produced using gene
technology; proposed labelling
provisionsFood safety
G/SPS/N/BRA/49 Brazil Establishing general conditions
for plant and plant products
importationPlant protection
G/SPS/N/BRA/50 Brazil Establishing general conditions
for plant and plant productsimportation without specificphytosanitary requirementsPlant protection
G/SPS/N/CAN/55 Canada Biotechnology substances,
environmental assessment
regulationsEnvironmental protection
G/SPS/N/CZE/17 Czech Republic Plants and plant products Plant protection
G/SPS/N/GEO/9 Georgia Fauna, flora, biosphere in
generalFauna/flora protection
G/SPS/N/GEO/1 Georgia Fauna, flora Plant protection
G/SPS/N/KOR/55 Korea Foods, food additives,
guidelines on GMOs and foodadditivesHuman and food safety
G/SPS/N/KOR/56 Korea Plants and plant products Plant protection
G/SPS/N/LVA/7 Latvia Import requirements for plants Plant protection
G/SPS/N/MEX/145 Mexico Whales Guidelines to be followed
while observing the whales
G/SPS/N/NZL/52 New Zealand Food produced using gene
technologyFood safetyWT/CTE/W/143
Page 18
Table 3: Agreement on Subsidies and Countervailing Measures
Symbol of the notification Member
NotifyingDescription of the measure,
product or issueObjective
G/SCM/N/38/EEC/Add.12/
Rev.1E.C. for
PortugalSubsidy notification Fostering use of
renewable energyresources andpromoting energyefficiency
G/SCM/N/1/TTO/1/Suppl.116Trinidad andTobagoGovernment service programme,
Payments under environmentalprogrammesProtection of the
environment
G/SCM/N/1/USA/1/Suppl.117USA Subsidies for adaptation of existing
facilitiesProtection of the
environment
G/SCM/N/38/CAN Canada Subsidies for environmental
technology commercialization
programme;  environmental
technology development,environmental industry programmeProtection of the
environment
G/SCM/N/35/CYP Cyprus Assistance to manufacturing
industries to establish pollutioncontrol systemsPollution control
G/SCM/N/38/CYP Cyprus Assistance to manufacturing
industries to establish pollution
control systemsPollution control
G/SCM/N/38/LVA Latvia Limited financial support for
environmental protectionProtection of the
environment
G/SCM/N/38/POL Poland Loan warrants and guarantees, etc. Protection of the
environment
G/SCM/N/38/SVN Slovenia Fund for environmental
development, restructuring of minesProtection of the
environment
G/SCM/N/38/THA Thailand Factory relocation incentives Relocation of
factories facingenvironmentalproblems
G/SCM/N/1/THA/418Thailand Subsidies for adaptation of existing
facilities to new environmental
requirementsProtection of the
environment
G/SCM/N/48/CZE Czech
RepublicEnvironmental aid Protection of the
environment
G/SCM/N/48/EEC E.C. "Cohesion Fund", aid to coal
industry, environmental protectionaidProtection of the
environment
G/SCM/N/48/EEC/Add.1 EC for Austria Aid to national industries for
environmental protection measures,aid to waste water management, etcProtection of the
environment
G/SCM/N/48/EEC/Add.10 EC for
LuxembourgAid for the protection of the
environment and rational use ofenergyProtection of the
environment
G/SCM/N/48/EEC/Add.11 EC for the
NetherlandsLaws on environmental taxes,
subsidies for environmentalProtection of the
environment
                                                     
16 This notification is issued also as G/ADP/N/1/TTO/1/Supp.1.
17 This notification is issued also as G/ADP/N/1/USA/1/Suppl.4.
18 This notification is issued also as G/ADP/N/1/THA/4.WT/CTE/W/143
Page 19
Symbol of the notification Member
NotifyingDescription of the measure,
product or issueObjective
technology, etc
G/SCM/N/48/EEC/Add.12 EC for
PortugalEnergy programme Fostering use of
renewable energyresources
G/SCM/N/48/EEC/Add.14 E.C. for
SwedenNew technology for energy
production and environmentalprotection, grant for new energytechnology, etc.Protection of the
environment
G/SCM/N/48/EEC/Add.4 EC for Finland Environmental loan programme for
SMEs, energy grants, etc.Protection of the
environment,
energy saving
G/SCM/N/48/EEC/Add.6 EC for
GermanyPromoting efficient use of energy,
etc.Protection of the
environment andpromotion ofrenewable energyresource use
G/SCM/N/48/EEC/Add.8 EC for Ireland Scheme for maintaining pure bred
cattleMaintaining pure
bred cattle for
purposes of
environmentalprotection andheritageconservation
G/SCM/N/48/EEC/Add.9 EC for Italy Plan to rationalize the use of energy
and renewable energy resources,
reconversion of asbestos productionProtection of the
environment
G/SCM/N/48/ISL Iceland Payments for sheep and milk
productionIntegrating
environmentalissues withagricultural policy
G/SCM/N/48/JPN Japan Innovative technology development
for energy, environmental issues,coal production developmentprogramme, etc.Protection of the
environment
G/SCM/N/48/KOR Korea Diesel low emission technology
development, environmental
engineering and developmentprogrammeProtection of the
environment
G/SCM/N/48/NOR Norway Assistance to environmental
improvement – development anddiffusion of cleaner technologies,etc.Protection of the
environment
G/SCM/N/48/TUR Turkey VAT exemption for foreign
investments for environmental
protectionProtection of the
environmentWT/CTE/W/143
Page 20
Table 4: Agreement on Agriculture
Symbol of the
notificationMember
NotifyingDescription of the measure,
product or issueObjective
G/AG/N/CAN/29 Canada Domestic support programme on
surplus water irrigationDeveloping
environmentallysustainable irrigation
projects
G/AG/N/CHE/22 Switzerland Paym ents for special ecological
services, etc.Protection of the
environment
G/AG/N/CHL/10 Chile General services aid to research and
development centres for
environmental development amongother purposesProtection of the
environment
G/AG/N/CHE/22 Switzerland Paym ents for special ecological
servicesProtection of the
environment
G/AG/N/CYP/7 Cyprus General Services; research
regarding environmentalprogrammes, subsidies for soilconservationProtection of the
environment
G/AG/N/CYP/7/Rev.1 Cyprus General Services; research
regarding environmental
programmes, subsidies for soilconservationProtection of the
environment
G/AG/N/CYP/9 Cyprus General Services; research
regarding environmentalprogrammes, subsidies for soilconservationProtection of the
environment
G/AG/N/CZE/19 Czech
RepublicEnvironmental programmes;
landscape conservation, etc.Protection of the
environment
G/AG/N/CZE/23 Czech
RepublicSupport for eco-agriculture,
Support for wetlands for the
spread of wild animalsMinimising chemical
inputs in agriculture,
environmentalimprovement
G/AG/N/EEC/12 E.C. Environmental programmes;
preservation of countryside, controlof soil erosion etc.Protection of the
environment
G/AG/N/EEC/12/Rev.1 E.C. Environmental programmes;
preservation of countryside, controlof soil erosion etc.Protection of the
environment
G/AG/N/EEC/16 E.C. Environmental programmes;
preservation of countryside, aid for
environmentally sensitive areas,etc.Protection of the
environment
G/AG/N/EEC/16/Rev.1 E.C. Environmental programmes;
preservation of countryside, aid forenvironmentally sensitive areas,etc.Protection of the
environment
G/AG/N/ISL/14 Iceland Environmental programmes;
promotion of organic production,
etc.Protection of the
environment
G/AG/N/JPN/34 Japan General services, promotion of soil
conservationEnvironmental programmes;Payments for conservation fromProtection of the
environmentWT/CTE/W/143
Page 21
Symbol of the
notificationMember
NotifyingDescription of the measure,
product or issueObjective
rice production
G/AG/N/KOR/24 Korea Environmental programmes;
payments for prevention of soilerosion, etc.Protection of the
environment
G/AG/N/KOR/25 Korea Direct payments for
environmentally-friendlyagricultureProtection of the
environment
G/AG/N/NOR/22 Norway Environmental programmes;
For ecological production, etc.Protection of the
environment
G/AG/N/NZL/18 New Zealand Environmental programmes
Erosion control, soil conservation
etc.Protection of the
environment
G/AG/N/PER/3 Peru Conservation of natural resources Protection of the
environment
G/AG/N/SLK/18 Slovak
RepublicEnvironmental programmes;
ecological proceduresProtection of the
environment
G/AG/N/SVN/12 Slovenia Environmental programmes;
reduction of substantialenvironmental damage, etc.Protection of the
environment
G/AG/N/THAI/37 Thailand General service;  environmental
promotion programmesProtection of the
environment
G/AG/N/TUN/12 Tunisia General services;  environmental
conservation through landafforestation workProtection of the
environment
G/AG/N/USA/27 USA General services, pollution
prevention, waste management etc.Protection of the
environment
G/AG/N/USA/28 USA Environmental - quality incentives
programme, wetlands reserveprogrammeProtection of the
environment
G/AG/N/ZMB/2 Zambia General services;  soil and
vegetation conservation, waterresource management,environmental programmes;national tree planting, grants to
Environmental Council of ZambiaProtection of the
environment
G/AG/N/ZWE/1 Zimbabwe General measures, research
regarding environmentalprogrammesProtection of the
environmentWT/CTE/W/143
Page 22
Table 5: Agreement on Anti-Dumping
Symbol of the document Member notifying Descri ption Objective
G/ADP/N/1/THA/419Thailand A countervailing duty not
applicable to the subsidies topromote adoption of existing
facilities to new environmental
requirementsEnvironmental
protection
G/ADP/N/1/TTO/1/
Supp.120Trinidad and Tobago Subsidies for adoption of existing
facilities to new environmental
requirements;  Environmentalprogrammes;  Payments underenvironmental programmesEnvironmental
protection
G/ADP/N/1/USA/1/
Supp.421USA Environmental subsidies;
Adoption of existing facilities tonew environmental requirementsEnvironmental
protection
Table 6: Agreement on Import Licensing Procedures
Symbol of the notification Member
NotifyingDescription of the measure,
product or issueObjective
G/LIC/N/1/ISL/1 Iceland Regulations on hazardous and
health related goodsProtection from toxic
substances
G/LIC/N/3/CAN/3 Canada Replies to questionnaire on
import licensingProtection of endangered
species
G/LIC/N/3/HKG/3 Hong Kong,
ChinaReplies to questionnaire on
import licensingImport licensing
procedures on ozonedepleting substances andwastes
G/LIC/N/3/LVA/1 Latvia Replies to questionnaire on
import licensingImport licensing system
for toxic chemicals
G/LIC/N/3/MAR/2.Add.1 Morocco Replies to questionnaire on
import licensingInclusion of ozone
depleting substances to
import licensing
procedures
G/LIC/N/3/MWI/1 Malawi Replies to questionnaire on
import licensingNon-automatic licensing
for wild animals, etc. forenvironmental protection
G/LIC/N/3/PHL/3 Philippines Replies to questionnaire on
import licensing;Import licensing forcommodities like mercury,
CFCs, etc.Protection of the
environment
G/LIC/N/3/ROM/2 Romania Replies to questionnaire on
import licensing;Import licensing for renewablewastesProtection of the
environment
                                                     
19 This notification is issued also as G/SCM/N/1/THA/4.
20 This notification is issued also as G/SCM/N/1/TTO/1/Supp.1.
21 This notification is issued also as G/SCM/N/1/USA/1/Supp.4.WT/CTE/W/143
Page 23
Symbol of the notification Member
NotifyingDescription of the measure,
product or issueObjective
G/LIC/N/3/TUR/3 Turkey Import licensing regarding
radioactive materials, etc.Protection of the
environment
G/LIC/N/3/ZAF/2 South Africa Import licensing for products
covered by the MontrealProtocol, and BaselConventionProtection of the
environment
Table 7:  Regional Trade Agreements
Symbol of the document Member notifying Descri ption Objective
WT/REG49/4/Add.1 Poland and LithuaniaExceptions under Articles 8, 9 on
quantitative restrictionsProtection of the
environment
WT/REG50/2/Add.3 EC and Hungary Liberalization of environmental
servicesProtection of the
environment
WT/REG51/2/Add.3 EC and Poland Liberalization of environmental
servicesProtection of the
environment
WT/REG52/2/Add.3 EC and Slovak Republic Liberalization of environmental
servicesProtection of the
environment
WT/REG54/3 Israel and Hungary Restrictions to trade on
environmental groundsProtection of the
environment
WT/REG55/3 Croatia and Slovenia General exceptions to trade;
environmental exceptionsProtection of the
environment
WT/REG56/4 Czech Republic and
IsraelGeneral exceptions to trade;
environmental exceptionsProtection of the
environment
WT/REG57/4 Slovak Republic and
IsraelGeneral exceptions to trade;
environmental exceptionsProtection of the
environment
WT/REG59/3 Turkey and Romania General exceptions to trade;
environmental exceptionsProtection of the
environment
WT/REG60/3 Turkey and Israel General exceptions to trade;
environmental exceptionsProtection of the
environment
WT/REG61/3 Turkey and Lithuania General exceptions to trade;
environmental exceptionsProtection of the
environment
WT/REG65/1 Poland and Israel General exceptions to trade;
environmental exceptionsProtection of the
environment
WT/REG66/1 Slovenia and Israel General exceptions to trade;
environmental exceptionsProtection of the
environment
WT/REG67/1,
WT/REG67/2Turkey and Czech
RepublicGeneral exceptions to trade;
environmental exceptionsProtection of the
environment
WT/REG68/1,
WT/REG68/2Turkey and Slovak
RepublicGeneral exceptions to trade;
environmental exceptionsProtection of the
environment
WT/REG69/1 EC and Tunisia Articles related to
Prevention of sea pollution;Energy saving, utilisation ofrenewable energy sources, etc.Environmental
protection
WT/REG70/1,WT/REG70/2Turkey and Estonia General exceptions to trade
justified on grounds of
environment protectionEnvironmental
protection
WT/REG72/1 Turkey and Bulgaria General exceptions to trade
justified on grounds ofenvironment protectionEnvironmental
protectionWT/CTE/W/143
Page 24
Symbol of the document Member notifying Descri ption Objective
WT/REG75/1 Kyrgyz Republic and
UzbekistanUnilateral measures allowed for
protection and preservation ofnatural resources, and  Exceptionsallowed in dealing withradioactive wastesEnvironmental
protection
WT/REG77/1 Estonia, Latvia and
LithuaniaVarious environmental articles,
and
Protection of natural resources for
sustainable growthEnvironmental
protection
WT/REG79/1 EFTA-PLO Interim
Agreement for the benefitof the PalestinianAuthorityImplementation of the Agreement
with the objective of environmentprotection, andGeneral exceptions;environmental exceptionsEnvironmental
protection
WT/REG80/1 Poland and Latvia General exceptions;
environmental exceptionsEnvironmental
protection
WT/REG81/1 Kyrgyz Republic and
KazakhstanArticles for the protection of fauna
and floraEnvironmental
protection
WT/REG82/1 Azerbaijan, Armenia,
Belarus, Georgia,Kazakhstan, Moldova,Russian Federation,Ukraine, Uzbekistan,Tajikistan, and Kyrgyz
RepublicGeneral exceptions;
environmental exceptions, andProtection of fauna and flora,Protection of natural resources,Exceptions in dealing withradioactive wastesEnvironmental
protection
Table 8:  Agreement on TRIPS
Symbol of theDocumentMember notifying Des cription Objective
IP/N/1/DNK/1/Rev.1 Denmark Notifications of Laws and
Regulations under Article 63.2 ofthe AgreementTo prevent
damage to theenvironment
IP/N/1/KGZ/P/1 Kyrgyz Republic Decisions on patentability of
inventionsTo prevent grant
of patents toenvironmentally
harmful
inventions
IP/N/1/KGZ/U/1 Kyrgyz Republic Legislation on environmental
pollution data to be regarded notas commercial secretFacilitation of
environmentprotectionWT/CTE/W/143
Page 25
ANNEX
ENVIRONMENTAL DATABASE
ENVIRONMENT-RELATED NOTIFICATIONS:  SEARCH WORDS
- Basel Convention
-B i o
- Carbon
-C I T E S- Clean
- Climate
- Conservation
- Conserve
- Desertification- Eco-label
-E c o l o g y
- Emissions
- Endangered
- Energy- Environment
- Extinct
- Fauna
-F l o r a
- Forest- Green (house)
- Hazardous
- Kyoto Protocol
- Montreal Protocol
- Natural resources
- Ozone
- Package- Packaging
- Pollution
- Preservation
- Preserve
- Recycle- Renewable
- Soil erosion
- Sustainable
-T o x i c
- Waste- Wildlife
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