RESTRICTED
WORLD TRADE G/TBT/W/36
25March 1997
ORGANIZATION(97-1224)
Committee onTechnical Barriers toTrade Original: English/
French/
Spanish
NOTE FROM THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITY
Firstthree-year review oftheoperation andimplementation oftheAgreement onTechnical
Barriers toTrade annexed totheMarrakech Agreement establishing the
World Trade Organization
1. Article 15.4oftheAgreement onTechnical Barriers toTrade laysdown thatnotlaterthan
theendofthethirdyearfromthedateofentry intoforce oftheAgreement, theCommittee established
therebyshallreviewtheoperationandimplementationoftheAgreement,includingtheprovisionsrelating
totransparency. Theobject ofthisreview istorecommend anadjustment oftherights andobligations
oftheAgreement where necessary toensure mutual economic advantage andbalance ofsuchrights
andobligations,withoutprejudicetotheprovisionsonthespecialanddifferentialtreatmentofdeveloping
country Members.
2. TheEuropean Community setsoutbelow theproposals thatitexpressly reserved theright
tosubmit forthisfirstthree-year review inthememo ofJuly1996 entitled “Technical Regulations,
Standards andConformity assessment intheWTO ”thatitpresented inadvance oftheSingapore
Ministerial Conference.
3. These proposals aredictated bythedesire toensure, firstofall,theapplication infulland
proper operation oftheAgreement onTechnical Barriers toTrade, theneedforandurgency ofwhich
were restated intheSingapore Ministerial Declaration andtostrengthen themechanisms introduced
bythatAgreement. Theyarebased ontheconviction thatthisagreement canandmustplayanessential
roleinpreventing andeliminating non-tariff barriers toworld trade, which havebecome moreimportant
because ofthesignificant reduction intariff barriers. Theassessment tobemade ofprogress onthe
liberalization ofworld trade ingoods, particularly industrial products andontheneed fornew
developments inthisareacannot failtotakeaccount ofthesituation withregard totheelimination
oftechnical barriers totrade.
4. TakingintoconsiderationthestateoftheapplicationoftheAgreement,theEuropeanCommunity
feelsthat,asthings stand, itisneither necessary norappropriate toconsider changes toitsprovisions.
Thefirstobjective toensure themutual economic advantage andbalance ofrights andobligations sought
bytheAgreement istheapplication ofallthesubstantive andprocedural provisions ofthisAgreement
byalltheMembers oftheWTO, together withtheadoption ofdecisions bytheCommittee toincrease
transparency when technical regulations, procedures fortheassessment ofconformity orstandards
areadopted.
5. Itisalsoappropriate thatontheoccasion ofthefirstthree-year review oftheimplementation
andoperation oftheAgreement theCommittee onTechnical Barriers toTrade should undertake astudy
ofthevarious approaches toregulatory policy andtheirconsequences foraccess tothemarket. For
itspart,theEuropean Community hasprovided adescription oftheCommunity approach totechnical
regulations andstandards inanannex tothereport which itpresented inaccordance withArticle 15.2
(document G/TBT/2/add.12). Initially, itisproposed thattheCommittee should draw upaworkG/TBT/W/36
Page2
programmegearedtotheexaminationofthevariousconformityassessmentproceduresandstrengthening
theroleofinternational standards intheapplication oftheAgreement onTechnical Barriers toTrade,
soastobeinaposition topropose operational measures subsequently.
6. Theapplication oftheTBTAgreement isfarfrom being satisfactory since, asisclearfrom
thestatistics contained inthereport bytheCommittee onTechnical Barriers toTrade fortheSingapore
Ministerial Conference, itisstillnotbeing applied toalargeextent, particularly inthenewMembers,
although notransitional period waslaiddown. Only around athirdoftheMembers haveinformed
theCommittee ofprocedural measures inexistence ortaken toensure theimplementation and
administration oftheAgreement inaccordance withArticle 15.2thereof. Similarly, alimited number
ofstandardizing bodies haveaccepted theCode ofGood Practice forthePreparation, Adoption and
Application ofStandards, annexed totheAgreement. Thenumber ofnotifications ofproposed technical
regulations andconformity assessment procedures, fortheirpart,isrelatively low,ifonlygiven the
number ofWTO Members andthelength oftheperiod inquestion. TheEuropean Community also
notes thatonlyaround 30Members notified oneormore proposals in1995or1996andthatofthose
notifiedonlyatinyfractionoriginatefromlocalgovernmentbodies,althoughthenotificationofproposals
bylocalgovernmentbodiesdirectlybelowcentralgovernmentlevelisobligatory.Norhasanyagreement
concluded byaMember withanother Member orother country intheareas covered bytheAgreement
beennotified, including intheareaofthemutual recognition ofconformity assessment procedures.
7. Inreality, theroleoftheAgreement asaninstrument fortheexchange ofinformation appears
sofartohavetaken precedence overtherolethatitshould playwithaview totheelimination of
technical barriers totrade. Thisisshown firstly bythenumber ofinformation points responsible for
meeting requests forinformation fromothermembers andinterested parties andsecondly theuncertainty
which often reigns astothebody orbodies responsible forimplementing notification procedures.
8. Inthemedium term, granting andincreasing technical assistance fordeveloping country
Members, particularly theleastdeveloped, should enable thissituation tobeatleastpartly resolved.
9. Intheimmediate term, however, action should betaken ontherequest inparagraph 11ofthe
Singapore Ministerial Declaration firstly toMembers toredouble theirefforts tomeettheirobligations
onnotification andsecondly tothecompetent bodies totakeappropriate measures toensure thatthose
obligations arerespected.
I. IMPLEMENTATION AND ADMINISTRATION OFTHE TBTAGREEMENT
10. TheEuropean Community suggests thattheCommittee setsitself theobjective ofobtaining
fromallMembers, atthelatest bytheendofthisthree-year review, alistofmeasures taken toensure
theimplementation andadministration oftheAgreement, inaccordance withtheArticle 15.2, aswas
established bydecision oftheCommittee (G/TBT/1/Rev.4 of6August 1996). AsthePresidency has
already sentreminders inMay1996 tothose members whohadnotfulfilled theirobligations under
Article 15.2, itisnecessary fortheCommittee toexamine, inindividual talksandtheninmeetings
tobeheldin1997, thesituation ofeachMember Statefailing torespond tothisreminder orresponding
onlypartly. Aninitial evaluation ofthequality ofthemeasures taken toensure implementation and
administration oftheAgreement could then becarried outandthenecessary decisions or
recommendations adopted attheendofthethree-year review.
11. Acceptance oftheCode ofGood Practice Relating toStandards bythestandardizing bodies
isvitalifthebalance ofrights andobligations between theMember States istobeensured. There
arestillmany Members, including developed countries, inwhich nostandardizing bodyhasaccepted
theCode ofGood Practice.G/TBT/W/36
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12. Special attention must therefore bepaidtothisquestion inthereview oftheoperation and
implementation oftheAgreement andthere mustbeasignificant improvement inthesituation bythe
endofthereview. Recourse tothedisputes settlement procedure which, under Article 14.4, isallowed
incases where aMember considers thatanother Member hasnotachieved satisfactory results under,
among others, Article 4onthepreparation, adoption andapplication ofstandards anditstradeinterests
aresignificantly affected should beregarded onlyastheultimate means ofobtaining acceptance of
andcompliance withtheCode ofgood practice bythestandardizing bodies.
13. Inanyevent, itisworth pointing outthatparagraph NoftheCode ofgoodpractice laysdown
thatabody which hasaccepted theCode needreply tocomments relating toadraftstandard onlyif
theyhavebeenreceived through standardizing bodies thathavethemselves accepted thisCode. If
necessary, thestrictapplication ofthisprovision willhelptorestore thebalance ofrights andobligations
between Members.
14. TheTBTAgreement doesnotexpressly require thecommunication byMembers ofinformation
ontheirtechnical assistance programmes. Nevertheless, theEuropean Community isoftheopinion
thatitwould bejudicious forMembers toappend suchinformation andtoupdate themregularly, because
thiswould contribute totheenhancement oftransparency intheapplication oftheTBTAgreement.
Arecapitulatory listofitsownactions inthisfieldisattached tothepresent note, asanexample.
II. SCOPE OFTHE TBTAGREEMENT
15. While acknowledging thatthescope oftheAgreement willbeclarified onlyassolutions are
adopted inindividual cases, theEuropean Community considers thatitisdesirable, inorder toensure
consistency intheapplication ofthisAgreement, torestate thedefinition ofunnecessary barrier to
international trade which determines thescope. Asregards technical regulations, itislaiddown in
theAgreement thattheseshallnotbemoretrade-restrictive thannecessary tofulfilalegitimate objective,
taking account oftherisksnon-fulfilment would create. Thisprovision requires anassessment tobe
made ofwhether themeasure complained ofisproportionate totheobjectives pursued. Thechoice
oftheappropriate measures toachieve those objectives may, then, besubject toanexamination by
apanel astowhether suchmeasures areexcessive.
16. Asregards conformity assessment procedures, thesame principle ofproportionality applies
since under theAgreement suchprocedures shallnotbemore strict orbeapplied more strictly than
isnecessary togivetheimporting Member adequate confidence thattheproducts conform withthe
applicable technical regulations orstandards. Anexamination ofthevarious types ofconformity
assessment procedures should becarried out.Ofthese procedures, themanufacturer ’sdeclaration of
conformity appears tobetheonewhich apriori istheleasttrade-restrictive. Theuseofthisprocedure
should therefore bepromoted, provided thatittakessufficient account ofthepublic order requirements
ofprotection ofhuman health orsafety, theenvironment andconsumers. Forthisapproach tosucceed,
twoconditions havetobemet.
- Manufacturersmustbeabletoprovidetheproofrequiredbytheregulations(particularly
thetechnical documentation enabling anassessment ofconformity with public
requirements tobemade) andtakeallthenecessary measures toensure thatthe
manufacturing process guarantees theconformity oftheproducts tothistechnical
documentation;
- Thepublic authorities must beabletoensure proper supervision ofthemarket.
Itisproposed thattheCommittee gives theworking party referred toinparagraph 13
below thetaskofexamining allaspects ofthemanufacturer ’sdeclaration ofconformityG/TBT/W/36
Page4
andtheconditions governing itsapplication andsubmitting areport onthissubject
sothatitcanadopt theappropriate decisions orrecommendations.
17. Thisworking party could extend itsinvestigations tothethirdparty conformity assessment
procedures inthose cases where itappears indispensable tohaverecourse tothese procedures inorder
torationalise theirapplication.
18. Thequestion ofdetermining thescope oftheAgreement alsoarises inrelation toeco-labelling
programmes based onproduct lifecycles andinvolving criteria relating toprocesses andproduction
methods notconnected withtheproducts, which areanessential element ofsuchprogrammes. The
European Community points outthatitstated itsposition onthismatter inadocument presented to
theCommittee onTrade andEnvironment. Itstresses that,while maintaining theintegrity ofthese
programmes, itisnecessary toensure greater transparency oftheirdevelopment andoperation. This
question hasbeenthesubject ofadetailed examination intheCommittee onTechnical Barriers toTrade
andtheCommittee onTrade andEnvironment, described inthereports drawn upbythose committees
fortheSingapore Ministerial Conference. Inaccordance withtheMinisterial Declaration adopted on
thatoccasion, theexamination ofthisquestion must continue.
III. NOTIFICATION PROCEDURE
19. Theprocedure forthenotification oftechnical regulations, conformity assessment procedures
andstandards atdraftstage isthefundamental instrument toensure transparency intheapplication
oftheAgreement andavoid thecreation ofdiscrimination andunnecessary technical obstacles totrade.
Itistherefore essential thatalltheMembers should regularly notify theirproposals under theconditions
laiddown bytheAgreement. Asthisobligation applies notonlytocentral government bodies but
alsotothose localgovernment bodies directly below central government level, ourunderstanding of
thesituation ineachMember country would befacilitated bythepublication ofthelistofMembers
whose suchlocalgovernment bodies areauthorized toadopt regulatory provisions. Itisalsoessential
thatMembers should observe therulesgoverning theprogress ofallstages ofthenotification procedures
aslaiddown inArticles 2and5oftheAgreement andclarified bythedecisions oftheCommittee
onTechnical Barriers toTrade (document G/TBT/1/Rev.4 of6August 1996). Thisincludes theright
notonlytopresent comments, inwriting, butalsotoobtain aresponse tothose comments prior to
theadoption oftheproposal sothatitispossible fortheinterested Member torequest discussions,
ifnecessary, ofitscomments inaccordance withArticle 2.9.4.
20. Inthisareaalso, improvements canandshould bemade totheoperation oftheAgreement
without actually amending it.Tomake decisions already taken bytheCommittee more effective, the
European Community suggests thatthefollowing specific measures beadopted:
Communication ofthetextoftheproposal
21. Anexamination ofthetextofthedrafttechnical regulation orconformity assessment procedure
isessential todetermine whether itsadoption islikely tocreate discrimination orunnecessary obstacles
tointernational trade. Since, inanyevent, Members areobliged toprovide onrequest thetextofa
notified proposal, itwould beappropriate forthetexttoautomatically accompany thenotification sent
totheWTO Secretariat. Thedecisions taken bytheCommittee arelimited toproviding foranindication,
inthenotification, thatatranslation oratranslated summary oftherelevant documents exists. Itis
proposed thatthistranslation ortranslated summary should beattached systematically totheproposal
senttotheSecretariat sothatthedeadline laiddown forcomments canberespected. Each interested
Member could thenobtain these documents directly from theSecretariat.G/TBT/W/36
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Time allowed forcomments
22. Except inurgent cases, Members areobliged toallow reasonable timeforother Members to
make comments inwriting onthenotified proposals (Articles 2.9.4 and5.6.4). TheCommittee has
recommended thataperiod of60daysbeapplied inthisrespect. Toensure thattherightofMembers
tomake comments isnotrendered meaningless because of,forexample, thelatetransmission ofa
notification oroftheapplication ofinternal consultation ordecision making procedures incontravention
oftheprovisions oftheAgreement, theEuropean Community proposes thattheperiod of60daysshould
runfrom thedateonwhich thenotification ispublished bytheWTO.
Authority responsible fortheapplication ofnotification procedures
23. Theimportance ofdesignating anauthority responsible fortheapplication ofnotification
procedures and,byvirtue ofthis,fordealing withcomments made byaMember onaproposal isworth
emphasizing, particularly incases where theinformation point isnotempowered toexercise this
responsibility. Thename andaddress ofthecompetent authority should beindicated either inthereport
referred toinArticle 15.2orinthenotification form. Ifthisauthority isdifferent fromthatresponsible
fordrawing uptheproposal, itshould beindicated inthenotification form. Onthispoint, thedecision
taken bytheCommittee onTechnical Barriers toTrade should thenbeconsolidated.
24. Itisalsoimportant nottoincrease thenumber ofauthorities responsible fortheapplication
ofnotification procedures buttoadhere strictly totheconditions laiddown byArticle 10.11 ofthe
Agreement. Having comments dealtwithbythesameauthority orauthorities which arewellacquainted
withthedetails ofapplying theAgreement willcontribute totheadoption ofsolutions which aremutually
acceptable totheMembers.
RoleoftheCommittee onTechnical Barriers toTrade
25. Without making thenotification procedure more unwieldy ortimeconsuming, itshould be
possible fortheCommittee toplayamore active roleinorder toensure among other things that
notifications conform totherulesoftheAgreement andthearrangements forapplying itaslaiddown
bytheCommittee initsdecisions.
IV. STRENGTHENING THE ROLE OFINTERNATIONAL STANDARDS
26. Thefirstthree yearreview oftheimplementation oftheAgreement onTechnical Barriers to
Trade gives theWTO theopportunity tourgeitsMembers tomake thegreatest possible useof
international standards.
27. Byinternational standards, theAgreement means standards drawn upbyinternational
standardizing bodies, which itdefines asbeing opentotherelevant bodies ofatleastallitsMembers.
Italsostates thatthestandards prepared bytheinternational community arebased onconsensus. Given
thatthescope oftheAgreement isverybroad, since allindustrial andagricultural products aresubject
toitsprovisions, theconcept ofinternational standard covers documents ofadiverse nature which
areinsome cases mandatory andinothers voluntary andwhich originate from government or
non-government bodies. Provided thatthecharacteristics andarrangements forpreparing international
standards referred toabove arerespected, theidentification andinventory ofthose standards forthe
requirements oftheTBTAgreement should bebased onthebroadest possible definition ofthisconcept
totakeaccount ofthediversity bothoftheinternational organizations andthelegal instruments
concerned.G/TBT/W/36
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28. TheAgreement already accords apriority roletointernational standards intheelimination
oftechnical barriers totrade. Itrequires members inprinciple touseinternational standards orthe
relevant parts ofthem asabasis fortheirtechnical regulations, laysdown thatcompliance withthe
relevant international standards creates aprima faciepresumption ofconformity totheAgreement,
exempts drafttechnical regulations conforming tointernational standards fromthenotification obligation
andurgesMemberstoparticipateinthepreparationofinternationalstandardswithaviewtoharmonizing
technical regulations.
29. Similar provisions concern guides orrecommendations frominternational standardizing bodies
relatingtoconformityassessmentprocedures.Provencompliancewiththeseguidesandrecommendations
willplayakeyroleinevaluating thetechnical competence ofconformity assessment bodies necessary
fortheconclusion ofmutual recognition agreements. Thestandardizing bodies aresubject under the
Code ofgoodpractice toidentical constraints concerning theuseofinternational standards asabasis
forthestandards thattheyprepare andparticipation intheirpreparation.
30. Toensure thatthese provisions areapplied effectively andtoincrease theirtransparency, it
isnecessary fortheCommittee todraw upaprocedure which willmake itpossible tomeasure the
extent towhich Members andstandardizing bodies adopt andinanyevent apply international standards,
guides orrecommendations andentrust aworking party withthetaskofcompleting thenecessary
preparatory work.
31. TheCommittee hasnowlaiddown thatthenotification form should ifpossible indicate the
reference totherelevant international standard andthatthenotification concerns adraft technical
regulation, conformity assessment procedure orstandard. Thisprovision should betightened upand
laydown thatnotonlyshould theexistence ofaninternational standard beindicated systematically
butthatintheevent thattheinternational standard isnotapplied, thegrounds therefore should be
specified inthenotification. Thesamerulewould apply totheinternational guides andrecommendations
relating toconformity assessment procedures andshould beextended tothenotification ofthework
programmes ofstandardizing bodies.
32. Thedecision taken atthesixthmeeting oftheCommittee onTechnical Barriers toTrade to
setupatechnicalgrouptoexaminetheISO/IECguidesonconformityassessmentactivitiesinconjunction
withtheapplication ofArticles 5and6oftheAgreement, isparticularly appropriate inthiscontext.
Thework ofthistechnical group should beextended toallprinciples andrules adopted bythe
international bodies other thanISO/IEC which could facilitate theapplication ofArticles 5and6of
theAgreement andcarried outinclosecollaboration withISO/CASCO andtheotherinternational bodies
inorder tospeed upanddirect current developments.
33. Pending theresults ofthiswork, itisproposed thattheMembers confirm theapplication of
therecommendation oftheCommittee onTechnical Barriers toTrade adopted under theprevious
Agreement, which laysdown thatconformity assessment activities arebased ontheprinciples andrules
setoutinISO/IEC Guides 25,39and43.Thisrecommendation should becomplemented bythe
indication oftheISO/IEC guides adopted subsequently.
34. Ultimately, onthebasisofexperience gained, consideration willhavetobegiven towhether
itispossible tointroduce aprocedure formonitoring theinternational harmonization process andthe
useofinternational standards, guides orrecommendations, involving theestablishment ofalistof
international standards which haveamajor impact ontrade onthelines oftheAgreement onthe
Application ofSanitary andPhytosanitary Measures (SPS). Inthiscasealso,thislistwould mention
theindication bytheMembers oftheinternational standards, guides orrecommendations thatthey
apply. Toassess ifsuchaprocedure isfeasible, itshould benecessary totakeaccount ofthescopeG/TBT/W/36
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oftheTBTAgreement andtohaveregard totheoutcome oftheapplication oftheprocedure provided
forbytheSPSAgreement. (cf.Article 12oftheSPSAgreement; Documents G/SPS/W/51 and58).
35. Developing theroleofinternational standards intheapplication oftheagreement ontechnical
barriers totrade presupposes theactive participation oftheinternational standardizing bodies.
36. Inthisconnection, theCommunity welcomes thecooperation thathasbeenestablished between
theSecretariat oftheWorld Trade Organization andtheInternational Organization forStandardization
(ISO) toprovide information ontheapplication oftheCode ofGood Practice annexed totheAgreement
onTechnical Barriers toTrade inaccordance withtheMarrakech Ministerial Decision of15April 1994.
Thisco-operation should beextended firstly totheinternational harmonization process proper and
secondly toalltheinternational organizations involved inthisprocess.
37. Asaresult ofcloser linkswiththeWTO, theinternational standardizing bodies should bebetter
abletotakeaccount oftheneeds ofinternational trade, revealed inthecourse of,among other things,
theapplication oftheAgreement onTechnical Barriers toTrade, when setting theirpriorities andin
doing sototakeaccount ofthose products inwhich theleastdeveloped countries haveaspecial interest.
TheinprinciplebindingeffectaccordedbytheAgreementtointernationalstandardsandotherdocuments
willalsoleadthese organizations toconsider themethod ofdrawing uptheirdocuments inorder to
make itmore effective andadopt highquality documents laying down stringent requirements within
reasonabledeadlines,inparticularasregardsnewproducts.Similarly,thiseffectwillnotfailtoinfluence
therules applicable tothetransposition oracceptance ofthese documents bythemembers ofthe
international organizations concerned, asisshown byworkwithin thebodies oftheCodex Alimentarius.
38. Henceforth, theinternational standardizing bodies could provide themembers oftheWTO
withmore information ontheirwork bygiving them access totheregularly updated listofstandards
which theyhaveadopted andwhich intheirview haveanimmediate effect oninternational trade.
Thisdocument would include thelistsrelating tothetransposal oracceptance ofinternational standards
bythemembers ofthose bodies. Thislistcould subsequently serve asabasis forthepreparation of
thelistofinternational standards which haveamajor impact ontrade referred toabove.
39. Moreover,theseinternationalbodiescouldrespondtothenotificationsofprojectscommunicated
totheminaccordance withArticle 10.6oftheAgreement onTechnical Barriers toTrade byproviding
Members, through theSecretariat, withthenecessary information ontheprogress ofinternational
standardization intheareainquestion andbyindicating, where appropriate, those initiatives which
willbetaken withaviewtothepreparation ofinternational standards inthatarea. Such initiatives
could moreover alsomeettherecommendations issued bytheCommittee onTechnical Barriers toTrade.
V. COORDINATION OFTHE ACTIVITIES OFNATIONAL, REGIONAL AND
INTERNATIONAL STANDARDIZING BODIES
40. Fortheprocess oftheinternational harmonization ofstandards tobeeffective andtherole
ofinternational standards intheapplication oftheAgreement onTechnical Barriers toTrade tobe
developed, there must beclarification oftheorganization ofthestructures andworking methods of
thestandardizing bodies atthevarious levels, andinparticular non-government bodies, aswellas
effective coordination oftheiractivities.
41. Inthisareaalso, theAgreement laysthefirstfoundation stones since theCode ofPractice
callsonthenational andregional standardizing bodies tomake every effort toavoid duplication of,
oroverlap with, thework ofother suchbodies orwiththework ofinternational bodies.G/TBT/W/36
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42. Because oftheresponsibility oftheinternational standardizing bodies toensure theproper
functioning oftheAgreement onTechnical Barriers toTrade, those bodies should beasked todefine
thecooperation between themselves andtheregional andnational bodies making them up,toensure
thatthehierarchy ofstandards isrespected andtoharmonize thearrangements forsuchcooperation
between bodies established indifferent geographical areas. Such harmonization should inparticular
cover amutual information procedure onstandardization work, theconditions governing thetransfer
ofstandardization workatinternational levelandmeasures aimed atensuring thatinternational, regional
andnational standards areconsistent. Atthesame time, national andregional standardizing bodies
could usefully develop mutual information procedures withtheircounterparts inother regions ofthe
world.
43. TheEuropean Community points outthatISOandCEN ontheonehand andtheIECand
CENELEC ontheother haveconcluded agreements setting outthedetails oftheircooperation (Vienna
Agreement of1991, Lugano Agreement, replaced bytheDresden Agreement of1996). Moreover,
CEN hasjustcreated anewtypeoflinkwiththenational standardizing bodies ofnon-European third
countries inorder tostepupitscontacts andincrease awareness ofitswork. Thepreparation ofEuropean
standards alsoentails effective harmonization ofstandards within theCommunity inaccordance with
therulessetoutontheonehandbytheEuropean standardization bodies, CEN, CENELEC andETSI
andontheother bytheEuropean Community inDirective EEC/83/189 of28March 1983, aslast
amended byDirective 94/10/EEC of23March 1994 (cf.Annex tothereport bytheEuropean
Community ontheimplementation andadministration oftheAgreement onTechnical Barriers toTrade).
Therulesthusdeveloped inEurope could serve asaworking basisforthepreparation ofharmonized
measures atworld level.G/TBT/W/36
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ANNEX
CURRENT ACTIONS
THIRD
COUNTRIESNATURE OF
PROGRAMMESECTORS DURATION AMOUNT(ECU)
India Metrology, standardization,
certification, quality
assurance, testingVehicle,
foodstuffs,
domestic
electrical
appliances
andITTPart1
1988/1992
Part2:
1992-19972.000.000
2.528.000
SriLanka Standards, quality
assurance, conformityHorizontal 2years 450.000
Vietnam Standards, quality
assurance, conformityHorizontal 3years 3.500.000
Malta Standardization,
certification, metrology,
quality assurance, testingHorizontal 3years 2.200.000
Mexico Certification, accreditation,
standardizationNotspecific 4years
1992/19961.650.000
Morocco Certification, accreditation,
metrology, quality
promotionHorizontal 3years
1993/19961.575.000
Algeria Certification,
standardization, intellectual
property, quality assurancePlumbing
Cement6years
1992-1997400.000
Tunisia Certification,
standardization, quality
assuranceHorizontal 1995/1997
3years5.000.000
Egypt Identification mission to
design acomprehensive
programmeNotspecific 1996 35.000
Argentina Certification andassistance
tolaboratoriesElectrical and
electronic
products2phases
91-95; 96-981.089.000
Bulgaria Certification,
standardization,
methodology, quality
assurance, testingNotspecific 3years
1996/1998 2.000.000G/TBT/W/36
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CURRENT PROGRAMMES
THIRD
COUNTRIESNATURE OF
PROGRAMMESECTORS DURATION AMOUNT (ECU)
Romania
(Phare)Quality assurance,
standardization,
certification, accreditation,
testingVarious
sectors5years
1993/1997500.000
Hungary
(Phare)Metrology, certification,
accreditation andquality
assuranceNotspecific 5years
1991/1995700.000
Hungary
(Phare)Certification, typeapproval Telecoms 3years
1995/1997500.000
Czech Republic
(Phare)Metrology, standardization,
testingQuality
infrastructure5years
1991/1995690.000
Czech Republic
(Phare)Standardization, metrology Quality
infrastructure4years
1992/1995 1.580.000
Czech Republic
(Phare)Testing, standardization,
accreditationQuality
infrastructure4years
1995/19984.000.000
Czech Republic
(Phare)Testing, certification Telecoms 4years
1991/1994700.000
Slovak Republic Standardization, science and
technologyNotspecific 3years
1995/19975.000.000
Lithuania
(Phare)Standardization,
Approximation of
legislationFoodstuffs
industry
Pressure
equipment.
Electrical
equipment3years
1996/19983.800.000
Latvia
(Phare)Standardization,
approximation oflegislationNotspecific 3years
1996/19982.055.000
Estonia
(Phare)Standardization,
accreditation, metrology,
conformity assessmentQuality
Infrastructure4years
1995/19981.800.000
Romania
(Phare)Standardization, consumer
protectionNotspecific 3years
1996/1998600.000
Bulgaria Certification, methodology,
quality assurance,
standardizationNotspecific 1996/1998
3years2.000.000
Multicountry
Programmes
PRAQ 91,
PRAQ 93
PRAQ IIIMetrology, certification,
standardization,
accreditation, testing,
legislationVarious
sectors35.500.000G/TBT/W/36
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PROGRAMMES INPREPARATION
THIRD
COUNTRIESNATURE OF
PROGRAMMESECTORS DURATION AMOUNT
Pakistan Certification,
standardization, quality
assurance
Chili Certification,
standardization, quality
assurance, metrologyCertification,
quality,
awareness,
Training2years 500.000
Mongolia Standardization,
certification
China Certification,
standardization, quality
assurance, metrologyNotspecific 4years
1997-20005.210.000
Cyprus Standardization,
certification, metrology,
quality assurance
ASEAN Standards, quality
assurance, conformityNotspecific 5years
1997-2002notyet
determined
Jordan Identification mission,
certification,
standardization, quality
assuranceHorizontal 1996 - 30.000
Lebanon Industrial andCommercial
standardsHorizontal 3years
1997-19996.000.000
Morocco Approximation of
legislation, mission to
identify needsHorizontal 1996
2months30.000
Paraguay Certification,
standardization, quality
assurance, metrologyIndustrial
products2-3years
(tobe
determined)+/-900.000
Brazil Metrology, certification Industrial
products8months +/-400.000
MERCOSUR Certification,
standardization, procedures
ofnotification, metrology,
quality assurance and
managementIndustrial
products3years
1993/19963.950.000
AIDMO1Certification,
standardizationNotspecific 3years
1997/2000750.000
1AIDMO =Arab Industrial Development andMining OrganizationG/TBT/W/36
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THIRD
COUNTRIESNATURE OF
PROGRAMMESECTORS DURATION AMOUNT
GCC2Certification, quality,
standardizationTobe
determined3years
1996/1999700.000
ANDEAN PACT
(5countries)Regulations, notification,
standardization, testing,
certification, quality
assurance, metrologyTobe
determined3years
1997-20002.300.000
2GCC =Gulf Cooperation Council