WORLD TRADE  
ORGANIZATION  G/AG/N/USA/52 
26 March 2004 
 (04-1389) 
Committee on Agriculture Original:   English 
  
 
 
NOTIFICATION  
 
  The following submission, dated 11 March 2004, is  being circulated at the request of the 
Delegation of the United States .  The notification concerns actions taken within the framework of the 
Decision on Measures Concerning the Possible Negative Effects of the Reform Programme on Least-Developed and Net Food-Importing Developing Countries ( Table NF:1 ). 
 G/AG/N/USA/52 
Page 2  
 
 Table NF:1 
 
NOTIFICATION UNDER ARTICLE 16:2 OF THE AGREEMENT: 
MONITORING OF THE FOLLOW-UP TO THE DECISION ON 
MEASURES CONCERNING THE POSSIBLE NEGATIVE EFFECTS OF 
THE REFORM PROGRAMME ON LEAST-DEVELOPED AND NET 
FOOD-IMPORTING DEVELOPING COUNTRIES:  United States of America 
 
REPORTING PERIOD: 
1 July 2000 – 30 September 2000 for items (1.a) and (2.a)  
1 October 2000 – 31 September 2001 for items (1.b, (2.b), (3) and (4)  
 
 
(1.a) Quantity of food aid provided to least-developed and net food-importing developing 
countries
 1 July – 30 September 2000: 
 
 
  Tonnage    Product  
 
 3,420   Beans  
 2,460   Bulgar 
 8,800   Soy fortified bulgur 
 102,930    C o r n  
 12,510   Cornmeal  2,200   Soy Fortified Cornmeal  13,660   Corn-Soy Blend 
 3,570   Corn Soya Milk 
 440,580   Wheat  34,210   Flour  1,010   Wheat soy blend  3,710   Lentils  1,000   Non-fat dry milk 
 27,180   Vegetable oil 
 5,630   Peas  21,410   Soybean oil  2,500   Tallow  40,920
   R i c e  
 
Total  727,700 
 
 
(1.b) Quantity of food aid provided to least-developed and net food-importing developing 
countries 1 October 2000 - 30 September 2001: 
 
 
  Tonnage    Product  
 
 25,010   Beans 
 68,940   Bulgar 
 331,040   Corn  74,610   Corn-Soy Blend  106,750   Cornmeal  25,360   Lentils 
 2,170   Non-fat Dry Milk  G/AG/N/USA/52 
 Page 3 
 
 
  31,210   Peas 
 57,560   Rice  25,390   Soy Fortified Bulgar  24,760   Soy Fortified Cornmeal  2,440   Soy Fortified Sorghum Grits 
 9,000   Soybean Meal 
 167,760   Soybeans  3,000   Tallow  325,450   Vegetable Oil  1,125,440   Wheat 
 32,470   Wheat Flour 
 3,070   Wheat Soy Blend  
Total 2,441,430 
  
(2.a) Indication of the proportion in fully gran t form or appropriate concessional terms from 
1 July - 30 September 2000: 
 
 The aid listed above was provided under the P.L. 480, Food for Progress, and Section 416(b) 
programs.  The allocations to the various  food aid programs were as follows:  
 
 24,750 MT Title I concessional sales;  197,170 MT Title II Emergency & developm ent assistance in partnership with 
Private Voluntary Organizations (PVOs), NGOs and World Food Program (WFP) in fully grant form; 
 42,000 MT Food for Progress grants th rough PVOs, WFP and governments;  and 
 463,780 MT Section 416(b) grants through PVOs, the WFP and governments.   
(2.b) The allocations to the various food aid programs were as follows from 1 October 2000 – 
30 September 2001: 
 
 141,000 MT Title I concessional sales;  1,141,640 MT Title II Emergency & deve lopment assistance in partnership with 
Private Voluntary Organizations (PVOs), NGOs and World Food Program (WFP) in fully grant form; 
 31,800 MT Food for Progress through PVOs , WFP and governments;  and 
 1,126,990 MT Section 416(b) grants through PVOs, the WFP and governments.   Title I aid is provided on long-term concessi onal terms in accordance with the guidelines of 
the Food Aid Convention.  Aid under Title II, Food for Progress and Section 416(b) Programs is provided in fully grant form.   (3) Technical and financial assistance under paragraph 3(iii) of the Decision:  
 The principal source of US financial assistance and funding for technical assistance for developing countries is the US Agency for In ternational Development (USAID) within the 
Department of State.  All of the figures reported below represent budgetary obligations or estimates 
for the reporting period:  G/AG/N/USA/52 
Page 4  
 
 USAID Global Assistance to Agriculture  Not Allocated to Specific Countries
: 
 
Total  $39,395,000 
 
(Includes expenditures on crop production, livestock pr oduction, resource management, infrastructure, 
policies and planning, training and extension, and agribusiness credit) 
  Some USAID funds are used to support agricu ltural technical assistan ce to least-developed 
and net food-importing developing countries by other US Government agencies, including the 
International Cooperation and De velopment (ICD) Program area of USDA's Foreign Agricultural 
Service.  For example, ICD provides technical assistance and training programs focused on: 
agricultural policy formulation; marketing; agribusiness development; enhancing sanitary/phytosanitary capacity; promotion of inter-reg ional and international trade; development of 
market news and statistical systems;  famine  early warning and mitigation; grasshopper/locust 
eradication efforts; and natural resource mana gement.  The funding for these agencies' programs 
comes primarily from USAID and is included in the figures above. 
 US Department of Agriculture Programs
 
 
Total, Cochran Fellowship Program $4,600,000 
  The USDA Foreign Agricultural Service's ICD program area operates the Cochran Fellowship 
Program, which provides short-term training in th e United States designed to assist participating 
countries to develop agricultural systems necessary to meet the food needs of their populations.   
 
Total, Emerging Markets Program $10,000,000 
 
 The Emerging Markets Program was authorized by the Food, Agriculture, Conservation, and Trade Act of 1990, as amended.  The legislation calls for $10 million in funding per year to assist 
public and private organizations in providing techni cal assistance to promote market development, 
improve market access, or assist in the development of emerging market economies.   
 US Contributions to Multilateral Organizations with an Agricultural Emphasis ($)
 
 
International Development Association $771,300,000 UN Development Program $105,320,000 World Food Program $30,717,998 International Fund for Agricultural Development $5,000,000 
International Institute for C ooperation on Agriculture $16,359,412 
Food and Agriculture Organization $72,741,000 Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research $45,400,000 African Development Bank Group $131,100,000 Asia Development Bank Group $90,700,000 
Inter-American Development Bank Group $41,600,000 
 
Total  $1,310,238,410 
 
Peace Corps Funds to Support Agricultural Volunteers ($)
 
 
Least-Developed Countries $3,914,000 
NFIDCs $1,612  
Total  $3,915,612 
  G/AG/N/USA/52 
 Page 5 
 
 
  Additional development programs in least -developed and net f ood-importing developing 
countries are provided by the US Peace Corps.  The Peace Corps sponsors volunteers who provided technical assistance to:  produce agricultural products and by-products; increase agricultural 
productivity; safely use agricultural chemicals; and process, store or market agricultural goods and 
by-products. 
 
Value of Food Assistance Used in Development Programs ($)
 
 
Total  $700,558,470 
  This figure represents the US value of the co mmodities donated under either Title I, Title II, 
Food for Progress or Section 416(b) food aid progra ms that were monetized.  When food aid is 
monetized, or sold locally, it produces funds that may be used for local agricultural development 
programs and to cover local administrative costs for the program.  Typically, the proceeds funds are used for water management or irrigation programs, farm credit, agricultural infrastructure, health 
programs, or to purchase local foods that will provide  a nutritionally complete diet to recipients.   
  The total includes $424.9 million of Title II funds, which include commodity and freight.   In fiscal year 2001, 71 per cent of Title II development programs were in least-developed (LDC) and net food-importing developing countries (NFIDC).  (4) Other relevant information with respect to  actions taken within the framework of the 
Decision: 
 
 WTO developing countries, least-developed c ountries and net food- importing developing 
countries had access to the following US Governme nt officially-supported export credit guarantee 
programs.  Figures include GSM-102, GSM-103 and Supplier Credit Guarantee Program. 
    A v a i l a b l e
  Applications  
 
Total   $4,871,000,000  $3,155,600,000 G/AG/N/USA/52 
Page 6  
 
 Table NF:1 
 
NOTIFICATION UNDER ARTICLE 16:2 OF THE AGREEMENT: MONITORING OF THE 
FOLLOW-UP TO THE DECISION ON ME ASURES CONCERNING THE POSSIBLE 
NEGATIVE EFFECTS OF THE REFORM PROGRAM ON LEAST-DEVELOPED AND NET 
FOOD-IMPORTING DEVELOPING COUNTRIES: 
United States of America 
 
REPORTING PERIOD: 
1 October 2001 – 31 September 2002 
 
 
(1) Quantity of food aid provided to least-developed and net food-importing developing countries: 
 
 Tonnage
  Product  
 
 26,660  Beans  68,920  Bulgar  235,230  Corn  46,020  Corn-Soy Blend 
 540  Corn-Soy Milk 
 74,430  Cornmeal  17,520  Lentils  8,420  Non-fat dry milk  21,440  Peas 
 53,580  Rice 
 1,460  Grits  220,620  Vegetable Oil  80  Dehydrated Vegetables  864,790  Wheat  33,450  Wheat Flour 
 4,120
  Wheat Soy Blend 
 
Total  1,677,280  
 
 
(2) Indication of the proportion in fully gr ant form or appropriate concessional terms:  
 
 The aid listed above was provided under the P.L. 480, Food for Progress, and Section 416(b) 
programs.  The allocations to the vari ous food aid programs were as follows: 
 
 148,760 MT Title I concessional sales; 
 912,440 MT Title II Emergency & developm ent assistance in partnership with 
Private Voluntary Organizations (PVOs), NGOs and World Food 
Program (WFP) in fully grant form; 
 40,110 MT Food for Progress grants thr ough PVOs, WFP, and governments; and  
 575,970 MT Section 416(b) grants through PVOs, the WFP and governments.   Title I aid is provided on long-term concessi onal terms in accordance with the guidelines of 
the Food Aid Convention.  Aid under Title II, Food for Progress and Section 416(b) Programs is 
provided in fully grant form.   G/AG/N/USA/52 
 Page 7 
 
 
 (3) Technical and financial assistance under paragraph 3(iii) of the Decision: 
 
 The principal source of US financial assistance and funding for technical assistance for 
developing countries is the US Agency for In ternational Development (USAID) within the 
Department of State.  All of the figures reported below represent budgetary obligations or estimates 
for the reporting period: 
 
USAID Global Assistance to Agriculture  Not Allocated to Specific Countries : 
 
Total  $38,329,000 
 
(Includes expenditures on crop production, livestock pr oduction, resource management, infrastructure, 
policies and planning, training and extension, and agribusiness credit) 
 
 Some USAID funds are used to support agricu ltural technical assistan ce to least-developed 
and net food-importing developing countries by other US Government agencies, including the 
International Cooperation and De velopment (ICD) Program area of USDA's Foreign Agricultural 
Service.  For example, ICD provides technical assistance and training programs focused on: agricultural policy formulation; marketing; agribusiness development; enhancing 
sanitary/phytosanitary capacity; promotion of inter-reg ional and international trade; development of 
market news and statistical systems; famine early warning and mitigation; grasshopper/locust 
eradication efforts; and natural resource mana gement.  The funding for these agencies' programs 
comes primarily from USAID and is included in the figures above. 
 
US Department of Agriculture Programs  
 
Total, Cochran Fellowship Program $4,300,000 
 
 The USDA Foreign Agricultural Service' s ICD program area maintains the Cochran 
Fellowship Program, which provides short-term training in the United States designed to assist participating countries to develop agricultural sy stems necessary to meet the food needs of their 
populations.   
 
Total, Emerging Markets Program $10,000,000 
 
 The Emerging Markets Program was authorized by the Food, Agriculture, Conservation, and Trade Act of 1990, as amended.  The legislation calls for $10 million in funding per year to assist 
public and private organizations in providing techni cal assistance to promote market development, 
improve market access, or assist in the development of emerging market economies.   
 
US Contributions to Multilateral Organizations with an Agricultural Emphasis
 
 International Development Association $773,300,000 
UN Development Program $110,141,000 
World Food Program $ 28,133,895 International Fund for Agricultural Development $20,000,000 International Institute for C ooperation on Agriculture $16,359,412 
Food and Agriculture Organization $72,456,930 G/AG/N/USA/52 
Page 8  
 
 Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research $45,400,000 
African Development Bank Group $105,900,000 Asia Development Bank Group $71,800,000 Inter-American Development Bank Group $34,900,000  Total  $1,278,391,237 
 
Peace Corps Funds to Support Agricultural Volunteers
 
 Least-Developed Countries $4,061,000 
NFIDCs $1,389,000 
 
Total  $5,450,000 
 
 Additional development programs in least -developed and net f ood-importing developing 
countries are provided by the US Peace Corps.  The Peace Corps sponsors volunteers who provided 
technical assistance to: produce agricultural pro ducts and by-products; increase agricultural 
productivity; safely use agricultural chemicals; and process, store or market agricultural goods and 
by-products. 
 
Value of Food Assistance Used in Development Programs  
 
Total  $645,778,000 
 
 This figure represents the U.S. value of the commodities donated under either Title I, Title II, 
Food for Progress or Section 416(b) food aid progra ms that were monetized.  When food aid is 
monetized, or sold locally, it produces funds that may be used for local agricultural development 
programs and to cover local administrative costs fo r the program.  Typically, the proceeds are used for 
water management or irrigation prog rams, farm credit, agricultural infr astructure, health programs, or 
to purchase local foods that will provide a nutritionally complete diet to recipients.  
 
 The total includes $370.1 million of Title II funds, which include commodity and freight.   In fiscal year 2002, 79 per cent of Title II development programs were in least-developed (LDC) and net food-importing developing countries (NFIDC). 
 
 
(4) Other relevant information with respect to actions taken within the framework of the 
Decision: 
 
 WTO developing countries, least-developed c ountries and net food- importing developing 
countries had access to the following US Governme nt officially-supported export credit guarantee 
programs.  Figures include GSM-102, GSM-103 and Supplier Credit Guarantee Program. 
    A v a i l a b l e
  Applications  
 
Total   $5,009,000,000  $3,091,000,000 
 
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