WT/TPR/S/22
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II. RECENT DEVELOPMENTS INCANADIAN TRADE POLICY
(1) Internal Reform andInternational Integration
1. Trade policy hascontinued toform acoreelement oftheGovernment 'sreform agenda over
thepasttwoyears, complementing andsupporting theprocess ofdomestic regulatory change. The
relationship withtheUnited States, which takes about fourfifths ofCanada 'sexports, hasremained
apriority. After 30years ofbilateral market integration -under theAutoPact, theCanada-U.S. Free
Trade Agreement and,since 1994, theNAFTA -many sectors arenowexposed to,andperform well
in,fullcompetition withtheirU.S.counterparts. Nevertheless, while bilateral relations aregenerally
described asharmonious, some recent high-profile disputes (Annex II.1)haveconfirmed theneedfor
multilateral rules anddisciplines. Theimportance oftheWTO asaforum forinternational policy
formulation hasbeenfurther amplified byconcerns about bilateral understandings thatmayexclude
Canada, suchastheso-called Blair House Agreement oflate1993.1
2. Consultation andco-ordination between federal andprovincial governments haveintensified
inrecent years. WTO disciplines, aswellasbudgetary constraints, havecontributed totheelimination
oftrade-distorting subsidy programmes. Remaining policy challenges arisefromregulatory barriers
between theprovinces, segmenting public procurement markets, sheltering State-trading monopolies
(e.g.intheelectricity sector) andimpeding factor mobility. Suchbarriers havenotonlycomplicated
Canada 'sexternal relations, butconditioned thedomestic environment forinvestment andtrade; for
example, regional specialization patterns mayexplain thelongevity ofsupply management inthedairy
andpoultry sectors.
3. TheFederalGovernmentcontinuestoworkcloselywiththeprovincestocreateasingleCanadian
internal market andreduce domestic barriers; theAgreement onInternational Trade (Box II.1)has
beenakeyelement inthisprocess ofpolicy harmonization.
1TheAgreement between theUnited States andtheEUaddressed arange ofcontroversial agricultural issues
thathadparalysed theUruguay Round. While acknowledging thepositive contribution tothenegotiating process,
non-participants withstrong farm trade interests, likeCanada, were concerned about theirnon-involvement in
abilateral agreement thatwaspresented asafaitaccompli .Canada WT/TPR/S/22
Page 11
BoxII.1 TheAgreement onInternal Trade (AIT)
TheAgreement onInternal Trade hasbeen signed bytheFederal Government andthegovernments of
thetenprovinces, theNorth-west Territories andtheYukon Territory. Itcame into effect on
1July1995 andapplies initially to11sectors orpolicy instruments: procurement; environmental
protection; consumer-related measures andstandards; labour mobility; investment; agricultural and
food products; alcoholic beverages; communications; transport; natural resource processing; and
energy.
Intheareas covered, theParties arecommitted nottoestablish newbarriers totrade (butnotnecessarily
toremove existing ones), tofacilitate themovement ofpersons, goods, services andinvestment, provide
equal treatment irrespective oforigin inCanada, reconcile relevant standards andregulations andensure
thatadministrative policies donothamper product andfactor mobility. Several barriers, notably in
agriculture andtransport, have been leftforfurther negotiations. Energy hasnotyetbeen included.
Negotiations ongovernment procurement areunder way. Over 100provincial government entities and
Crown Corporations have sofarbeen exempt from procurement disciplines. While allgoods and
services areinprinciple subject toopen government procurement, several services arespecifically
excluded; forexample, thelistofexclusions contains legal, engineering, advertising, public relations,
architectural, accounting andauditing services, which remain subject toprovincial licensing requirements.
Although municipalities, publicly-funded academic institutions, school andpublic health agencies arein
principle covered bytheAIT, negotiations between provinces arestillunder way.
Each Party isresponsible forcompliance bylower levels ofgovernment, Crown Corporations andnon-
governmental bodies exercising exclusive functions onitsterritory. Anumber of"legitimate objectives"
may provide legal cover intheevent ofnon-compliance: public security andsafety; public order;
protection ofhuman, animal orplant lifeorhealth; protection oftheenvironment; consumer protection;
protection ofworkers 'health, safety andwell-being; andaffirmative action fordisadvantaged groups.
While protection ofprovincial production isnotassuch considered alegitimate objective, governments
may continue tooperate regional economic development programmes within their jurisdictions
(Chapter III(4)(iv)(c)).
TheAgreement establishes aCommittee onInternal Trade, made upofCabinet-level representatives of
each oftheparties. TheCommittee ismandated, inter alia,tosupervise theimplementation and
application oftheAITandassist intheresolution ofdisputes. AWorking Group onAdjustment willbe
established toconduct anannual evaluation oftheeffects oftheAgreement oneach province and
territory.
TheAgreement contains ageneral dispute settlement mechanism with twodistinct processes ifprior
consultations andconciliation fail: agovernment-to-government process or,inthecaseofindividuals, a
person-to-government process. Intheformer case, apanel may beconstituted; intheevent ofnon-
compliance withitsdecisions, theissue maybereferred totheCommittee onInternal Trade; retaliation
isdescribed asameans oflastresort. Issues raised intheperson-to-government process aretobe
considered firstbythegovernments concerned. Intheabsence ofasatisfactory solution, acomplaint
deemed reasonable andrelevant byaneutral arbitrator canbereferred toapanel. While nosanctions
areprovided forinthiscontext, theissue remains ontheCommittee 'sagenda until itisresolved. There
have been nopanel proceedings todate(one complaint hasbeen received sofarandisstillsubject to
consultations).
SeeBoxIII.1 forAITprovisions ontechnical trade barriers, Chapter IV(4)(iii)(c) forlocal residence
requirements and(iv)(c) forsubsidies.WT/TPR/S/22
Page 12Trade Policy Review
(2) Trade Policy Objectives andTrends
(i) Participation intheWTO
(a) Recent developments
4. Canada ratified theUruguay Round Final Acttobecome afounding member oftheWorld
Trade Organization on1January 1995. Domestic implementation oftheWTO Agreements involved
amendments to29federal statutes, covering areas fromtransport subsidies totraderemedies, business
licences, trademarks, copyrights andpatents. TheWTO Implementation Act(Loidemiseenoeuvre
del'Accord surl'Organisation mondiale ducommerce )ofNovember 1994gavetheWTO Agreement
legaleffect inCanadian law.2TheActdidnottouch onthesensitive balance between federal and
sub-federal legislation andpolicy competence.3Table II.1provides anoverview ofthenotifications
made byCanada totheWTO inthecontext oftheimplementation process.
(b) General policy orientation
5. Canada 'sactive involvement inregional integration andco-operation processes, viaNAFTA
andAPEC, maybeconsidered anatural corollary ofitsgeo-strategic andeconomic interests. Inthe
viewoftheauthorities, however, thisinvolvement mustbesurrounded by,andremain compatible with,
acoherent body ofmultilateral rules anddisciplines. TheWTO framework isconsidered akey
instrument forensuring positive co-operation within andbetween regional systems.
6. Canada advocates further tariff reductions, possibly leading tofullelimination, asameans
ofdefusing tensions between regional andmultilateral obligations. Short-term priorities include
zero-for-zero tariffagreements forhigh-technology products andvegetable oils,andimproved market
access fortextiles andclothing fromtheleast-developed countries. Inthelonger term, Canada favours
theelimination oftariffandnon-tariff barriers, onareciprocal basis, forallmanufactured andresource-
based products, further liberalization offarmtradeand,inthiscontext, aprohibition ofexport subsidies.
Asamember oftheCairns Group, Canada subscribed inJune1996 toachallenging reform agenda,
bothfromaninternationalanddomesticpolicyperspective.TheGroup'sdeclaration,madeinCartagena,
Colombia, callsforgreater effort "toachieve theelimination ofexport subsidies, todiscipline trade-
distorting domestic support (...)andtoachieve further significant improvements inmarket access".4
2DFAIT (1994).
3However,somelegalchangesappearintendedtoclarifytheFederalGovernment'sconstitutionalresponsibility
forinter-provincial andinternational trade. In1996, Agriculture andAgrifood Canada plans tointroduce six
newordersand20amendmentsundertheAgriculturalProductsMarketingActthatwouldextendfederalauthority
toprovincial marketing boards andagencies acting insuch trade-related areas.
4Cairns Group Ministerial Meeting, Cartagena, 13-14 June1996, WTO document WT/L/155, 24June1996.Canada WT/TPR/S/22
Page 13
Table II.1
Principal notifications made inthecontext ofimplementing WTO Agreements, August 1996a
WTO Agreement Document Main contents
General Agreement on
Tariffs andTrade 1994Schedule V Schedule oftariff concessions
General Agreement on
Trade inServicesGATT documents GATS/SC/16,
GATS/EL/16, 15April 1994 andsupplementsSchedules ofSpecific Commitments inservices;
ListofArticle II(MFN) exemptions.
Agreement onTrade-
related Aspects of
Intellectual Property
Rights (TRIPS)
(Article I.3)WTO document IP/N/1/CAN/C/1,
3April 1996Copyright Act; WTO Agreement Implementation
Act,Sections 56-69.
Agreement onAgriculture
(Article 18)WTO documents G/AG/W/2,
17March 1995; G/AG/N/CAN/2,
25September 1995, andAdd.1;
G/AG/N/CAN/3, 15February 1996; and
G/AG/N/CAN/4, 18March 1996Implementation dates foragricultural commitments.
Information about theadministration oftariff quotas
andtheuseofthespecial safeguard provision.
Agreement onTextiles
andClothing, Articles
2.1and3.1; and
Article 2.6WTO documents G/TMB/N/62,
19April 1995, Add.1, and
Corr.1-3.
WTO document G/TMB/W/2,
10October 1994, andCorr.1-2Quantitative restrictions maintained byCanada on
31December 1994 (restraints under bilateral
agreements andunilateral restraints).
Firstintegration stage under theAgreement on
Textiles andClothing.
Agreement onTechnical
Barriers toTrade
(Article 15)WTO document G/TBT/3,
14February 1996Laws, regulations andadministrative arrangements.
Agreement onTrade-
related Investment
Measures (TRIMs)
(Article 5.1)Nonotification.
Agreement onAnti-
dumping Practices
(Articles 18.5and32.6)GATT documents G/ADP/N/1/CAN/1,
6April 1995, G/ADP/N/1/CAN/2,
9June1995.Laws andregulations relevant totheAgreement.
Agreement onRules of
Origin
(Annex IIandArt.5.1)WTO document G/RO/N/1,
9May1995 andAdd.1.Preferential andnon-preferential rules oforigin
Agreement onCustoms
Valuation
(Article 22.2)WTO document G/VAL/N/1/CAN/1,
29January 1996National legislation andregulations.
Agreement on
Preshipment Inspection
(Article 5)WTO document G/PSI/IE/1, 28March 1996 Listofexperts forindependent reviews. Notification
oftheabsence oflawsorregulations related to
preshipment inspection
Agreement onImport
Licensing Procedures
(Article 1.4)WTO document G/LIC/N/1/CAN/1,
16February 1996Rules andinformation about import licensing
procedures, andImport Control List.
Agreement onSubsidies
andCountervailing
Measures
(Article 32.6)WTO document G/SCM/N/1/CAN/1,
6April 1995Laws andregulations relevant totheAgreement:
"Special Import Measures Act"andanumber of
provisions ofthe"International Trade Tribunal Act".
Agreement onSafeguard
Measures
(Article 12.6)WTO document G/SG/N/CAN/1,
12April 1995; G/SG/N/CAN/2,
4April 1996Laws andregulations andadministrative procedures
relative tosafeguard measures.
Plurilateral Trade
AgreementsCanada hassigned theAgreement onTrade inCivil
Aircraft, theInternational Bovine Meat Agreement
andtheAgreement onGovernment Procurement.
a Exluding regular oradhocnotifications ofmeasures taken under theindividual agreements.
Source: WTO Secretariat.WT/TPR/S/22
Page 14Trade Policy Review
7. Further policy initiatives areintended toprevent technical andother regulatory barriers from
replacing tariffs asthesearebeing reduced under WTO andNAFTA provisions. Forexample, Canada
promotes theconclusion ofmultilateral agreements onconformity testsandcertificates5andtheinclusion
ofeco-labelling programmes inaCode ofGood Practice under theWTO Agreement onTechnical
Barriers toTrade (Chapter III(4)(i)(c)). Inthesame vein, theauthorities areinterested inspecifying
timeperiods forregulatory procedures under WTO provisions, including forriskassessment under
theAgreement ontheApplication ofSanitary andPhytosanitary Measures. Although Canada hasnot
yetofferedtheinclusionofitsprovincialentitiesundertheWTOAgreementonGovernmentProcurement
(ChapterIII(4)(ii)),ithascalledfor"abalancedandliberalizedagreement"coveringallWTOMembers.6
8. Theauthorities havestressed theneedtocomplete theUruguay Round 's"unfinished business"
intheareas offinancial services, basic telecommunications andmaritime transport. They arenot,
however, fullyconvinced oftheeffectiveness ofsuchsector-specific negotiations. Intheabsence of
countervailing pressure inother areas, these maytooeasily fallvictim topowerful interest groups in
large countries.
(c) Newthemes
9. Canada strongly supports theestablishment ofaWTO working party, orasimilar forum, to
clarify connections between tradeandcompetition policy andtodiscuss theneedforanynewdisciplines.
Theauthorities areconcerned thatprivate anti-competitive practices, going beyond thereach ofnational
orinternational disciplines, could thwart thebenefits oftrade liberalization. Inasimilar vein, they
acknowledge thattrade measures within theWTO framework, inparticular anti-dumping and
subsidy/countervailing actions, mayhaveanadverse impact oncompetition.
10. ACanadiannon-paperpresentedintheWTOinApril1996envisagesaworkprogrammefocusing
onthelinksbetween tradeandinvestment, including anexamination ofrelevant WTO provisions, and
therôleofinvestment fordevelopment andgrowth. Theprogramme might helptodefine thestructure
ofaWTO Agreement onInternational Investment (seealsosection(3)).
11. Canadaconsiderstherelationshipbetweentradeliberalization,economicgrowthandbasiclabour
standards aspositive andmutually consistent. Inviewoftheimportance ofthese issues forallWTO
Members, theauthorities support discussion inWTO foraasacontribution tothework oftheILO,
theinstitution withprimary responsibility forlabour standards. Canada isopposed toapproaches that
could lendthemselves totheuseoftrade measures toenforce corelabour standards, given the
protectionist potential.
(ii) Regional trade initiatives
12. Canada hascontinued topaygreat attention totheNAFTA implementation process. While
highlysatisfiedwiththedevelopmentofbilateraltrade,andtheresultingmomentumforoutward-oriented
business strategies, theauthorities areseeking topromote stronger export diversification, bothinterms
5Asasecond-best alternative, Canada iscurrently negotiating mutual recognition agreements onarange of
products with theEuropean Union, Japan and, inthecontext ofNAFTA, theUnited States andMexico
(Chapter III(4)(i)(b))..
6WTO document GPA/IC/M/5, 6December 1995. InApril 1996, "Quad" members (i.e.Canada, theEU,
theUnited States andJapan) agreed toinitiate work onaninterim arrangement toimprove transparency and
openness andprovide fordueprocess tohelpreduce corruption.Canada WT/TPR/S/22
Page 15
ofproductsanddestinations.ThisincludespromotingtraderelationswithneighbouringAsianeconomies,
intensifying co-operation withother American countries aswellascultivating traditional links with
Europe.
(a) NAFTA7
13. Canadian exporters havebenefited greatly fromcloser regional integration inNorth America,
recently promoted bycyclical andexchange ratedevelopments. From Canada 'sperspective, NAFTA
hasproved analmost unqualified success.8Bilateral trade hasexpanded veryrapidly and,toagreat
majority, remained freeofproblems. Where frictions haveoccurred, inareassuchassoftwood lumber,
wheatorsupply-managedfarmproducts,solutionshavebeenfoundthroughNAFTApanelsorotherwise.9
14. Thesoftwood-lumber casealsotouched onawider issue thatCanada hadsought toaddress
(anddefuse) fromtheinception oftheCanada-U.S. FTA: thecontinued application ofanti-dumping,
countervailing andsafeguards legislation tobilateral trade. InDecember 1995, theUnited States
maintained 14anti-dumping measures onimports from Canada. Two NAFTA working groups,
established in1994 tonegotiate areplacement régime forsuchmeasures within seven years, have
produced noconcrete results todate.10
15. Canada supports further enlargements ofNAFTA, starting inparticular withChile. (Canadian
companies havestrong commercial interests inChile'smining sector.) Thetwocountries havesigned
aninterim freetrade agreement tofacilitate Chile'salignment withNAFTA rulesandpractices and,
atthesametime, giveimpetus totheFTAA process (seebelow). Theagreement covers tradeingoods
andservices, contains rulesoninvestment andprovides forco-operation onenvironmental andlabour
issues.
(b) Western Hemisphere FreeTrade Area oftheAmericas (FTAA)
16. TheFTAA initiative waslaunched inDecember 1994attheMiami Summit oftheAmericas;
itinvolves 34countries. TheFTAA isenvisaged toprovide forfulltariff elimination by2005, "with
some limited exceptions tobeagreed", andprogressive abolition oftrade andinvestment barriers.11
(c) Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC)
17. Through itsmembership inAPEC, Canada hassought inrecent years tostrengthen itstrade
andinvestment linkswithneighbouring countries inAsiaandOceania. Inthiscontext, APEC isseen
7Foramore detailed presentation oftheNAFTA implementation process seeGATT (1995).
8Asindicated inChapter IV(4)(ii)(b), notalltrading partners mayfully share thisview.
9SeeChapters III(3)(ii)((c), IV(2)(i) and(ii).Forafulloverview ofdispute settlement cases under NAFTA
provisions seeWTO (1997).
10According totheHon. Mr.RoyMacLaren, former Minister forInternational Trade, "despite thesuccessful
conclusion ofthefree-trade negotiations, wehave failed todealfully withoneofthemost menacing weapons
inthearsenal ofprotectionism, andinsodoing, weleftarather large skeleton inthecloset". DFAIT (1995a).
11DFAIT (1995b).WT/TPR/S/22
Page 16Trade Policy Review
asanattractive forum forcloser co-operation withsome ofthemostdynamic economies intheworld12;
thismayinclude common liberalization initiatives form.f.n. implementation.
(d) Bilateral free-trade agreements (FTAs)
18. Inaddition totheinterim agreement withChile, Canada hasconcluded anFTAwithIsrael.
Theagreement,whichtookeffecton1July1996,isdesignedtoeliminatetariffsonallindustrialproducts
andonfooditems "ofinterest tobothcountries"13;itextends tothePalestinian Territories viaIsrael's
common customs territory withtheWest Bank andGaza. According totheauthorities, thestructure
oftheFTAanditseconomic effects arecomparable totheagreements concluded bytheUnited States
andtheEuropean Union withIsrael.
(e) Long-term perspectives
19. Given theproliferation offree-trade initiatives inAmerica andEurope andtheabsence ofsimilar
undertakings across theAtlantic, theauthorities havecalled forefforts to"re-energize theeconomic
relationship withEurope". Suchefforts mayinclude tradeandinvestment initiatives withthelong-term
objective offullliberalization.14While noconcrete stepshaveyetbeendecided, except forthesetting
upofaworking group withGermany tosketch outthepossible content ofanagreement, Canada and
theEuropean Union recently managed tosolve arange ofbilateral concerns. These were related in
particular totheEU'simport rulesforgrain, andtheaccession inJanuary 1995ofthree newmember
States.15
(iii) Autonomous policy initiatives
20. Arecent revision ofCanada 'sGeneralized Preferential Tariff (GPT), initiated in1994, was
intended tostemtheerosion ofpreferences inthewake oftheUruguay Round andNAFTA. Measures
implemented inJanuary 1996included thelowering ofGPTratestotwothirds ofthe(reduced) m.f.n.
ratesandanextension ofproduct coverage byapproximately 220lines. TheCanadian authorities are
currently considering theintroduction ofagraduation mechanism, ostensibly toensure thattheGPT
remains adevelopment instrument. Itappears tobeopenatpresent, whether suchamechanism would
beaccompaniedbyaccessimprovementsforlessadvancedcountries,forexampleintheformofduty-free
imports ofproducts subject totariffication.
21. Anongoing process oftariffreview (Chapter III(2)(i)(a)) isintended tosimplify tarifftreatment -
includingthroughtheremovalof"nuisance"tariffs,tariffremissionschemesanduser-specificexemptions
-withtheoverall objective ofreducing input andadministrative costs forthebusiness sector.
12Theother members ofAPEC areAustralia, Brunei, China, Chinese Taipei, Hong Kong, Indonesia, Japan,
Republic ofKorea, Malaysia, Mexico, New Zealand, Papua NewGuinea, thePhilippines, Singapore,Thailand
andtheUnited States.
13Department ofForeign Affairs andInternational Trade, News Release, 14January 1996, No.4.
14DFAIT (1995c).
15Inthelattercontext,theEUagreedtotariffreductionsoncertainfarmandfishproducts,paper,snowmobiles
andsome other manufactures. Forexample, Canada isentitled toanallowance of50,000 tonnes ofdurum wheat
dutyfree, theEUtariff oncanary seedhasbeen removed andaccess forpork improved. Inreturn, Canada
withdrew acomplaint ithadfiled under WTO provisions (Annex II.1).Canada WT/TPR/S/22
Page 17
(3) Objectives andTrends inInvestment-related Areas
22. Canada actively participates innegotiations onaMultilateral Agreement onInvestment (MAI)
currently heldintheOECD context. TheMAI isexpected tocontain provisions governing access
andprotection ofinvestment, anddispute settlement. Canada alsosupports investment-related work
inother multilateral foraandhasstrongly encouraged aWTO work programme oninvestment.
23. Reflecting theirinterest inbetter protecting international investment flows, theauthorities are
alsoseeking tointroduce effective disciplines inthecontext oftheFTAA andAPEC and,asthecase
maybe,future NAFTA accession treaties. Onabilateral basis, foreign investment promotion and
protectionagreements(FIPAs),mostlywithdevelopingcountriesandcountriesintransition,areintended
among otherthings toprevent expropriation andrestrictions onthetransfer offunds. Canada hasFIPAs
inforcewiththeformer USSR, theUkraine, Latvia, theCzech andSlovak Republics, Poland, Romania,
Hungary, Barbados, Trinidad andTobago, Argentina, Ecuador, Venezuela, Panama, Peru, Uruguay,
thePhilippines andSouth Africa. Negotiations areunder waywithCosta Rica, Jamaica, Kuwait,
Thailand, India, Slovenia, Indonesia, China, Algeria, Croatia, ElSalvador, Guatemala, Armenia,
Nicaragua, Cuba, Albania, Morocco, Lebanon, Egypt, Uzbekistan andKazakhstan.WT/TPR/S/22
Page 18Trade Policy Review
Annex II.1
Dispute Settlement under GATT/WTO Provisions
24. Canada hasbeenarelatively active userofWTO dispute settlement provisions, withseven
cases initiated since mid-1994 (Annex Table II.1). Incontrast, there hasbeenonlyonerequest for
consultation involving measures maintained byCanada. Cases notsettled under theTokyo Round
Agreements aretolapse attheendof1996 when thecorresponding agreements expire.16
Annex Table II.1
Cases involving Canada under GATT/WTO dispute settlement provisions (Articles XXII andXXIII), August 1996
Case Applicant First
consultationPanel
establishedPanel
report
circulatedPanel
report
adoptedDocumentation
Consultation stage
EU-Regulations affecting
thesaleofimported bovine
semen inItalyCanada 16.7.93 n.a. n.a. n.a. DS42/1
EU-Prohibition onimports
ofpeltandmanufactured
goods ofwildanimalsCanada 26.4.94 n.a. n.a. n.a. DS51/1
Australia -Import
restrictions onsalmonaCanada 5.10.95 n.a. n.a. n.a. DS18/1
Korea -Measures
concerning bottled wateraCanada 8.11.95 n.a. n.a. n.a. DS20/1
Hungary -Export subsidies
inrespect ofagricultural
productsaAustralia,
Canada,
NewZealand,
Thailand andUS27.3.96 n.a. n.a. n.a. DS35/1
Brazil -Export financing
programme foraircraftaCanada 19.6.96 n.a. n.a. n.a. DS46/1
EU-Measures affecting
livestock andmeataCanada 28.6.96 n.a. n.a. n.a. DS48/1
Panel stage
Brazil -Certain automotive
investment measuresaJapan, Canada 30.7.96 n.a. n.a. n.a. WT/DS51
Brazil -Certain measures
affecting trade and
investment intheautomotive
sectoraUS,Canada 9.8.96 n.a. n.a. n.a. WT/DS52
EU-French regulations
concerning thetrade
description ofscallopsaCanada, Chile,
Iceland, Japan
andPeru.26.08.93 7.7.95 n.a. n.a. Mutually agreed
solutions reached.
WT/DSB/M/20
EU-Duties onimports of
cerealsaCanada 30.6.95 11.10.95 n.a. n.a. WT/9/1. Appears to
havebeensettled
bilaterally (noformal
notification under
DSU Article 3.6).
Annex Table II.1(cont'd)
16Parties wishing tosettle these disputes must initiate newcases under WTO provisions.Canada WT/TPR/S/22
Page 19
Case Applicant First
consultationPanel
establishedPanel
report
circulatedPanel
report
adoptedDocumentation
Japan -Taxes onalcoholic
beveragesaUS,EU,Canada 7.7.95 27.9.95 11.7.96 n.abWT/DS10/1
Canada -Certain measures
concerning periodicalsaUS 30.4.96 19.6.96 n.a. n.a. WT/DS31/1
Implementation stage
US-Measures affecting
alcoholic andmaltbeveragesCanada 29.4.90 27.5.91 16.3.92 16.6.92 Under
implementation.
DS23/1
US-Legislation concerning
theimportation andinternal
saleoftobaccoArgentina,
Canada, Brazil,
Chile,
Colombia,
ElSalvador,
Guatemala,
Thailand and
Zimbabwe7.9.93 25.1.94 12.8.94 4.10.94 Under
implementation.
DS44/4
Memo item: Cases involving Canada under theMTN (Tokyo Round) Agreements
Consultation stage
US-Application of
section 781oftheU.S.
Tariff Actof1930 tobrass
plate from CanadaCanada 21.6.93 n.a. n.a. n.a. ADP/M/41
Canada -Anti-dumping
duties oncertain steel
products (cold-rolled steel
sheet, flathot-rolled carbon
steelsheet andhot-rolled
carbon andalloy steelplate)EU 25.10.93 n.a. n.a. n.a. ADP/110
ADP/M/42
Canada -Anti-dumping
investigation ofimports of
certain hot-rolled carbon
steelplate andhighstrength
lowalloy plate, heattreated
ornot,from ItalyandSpainEU 30.11.93 n.a. n.a. n.a. ADP/112
ADP/M/42
Panel stage
Countervailing dutyon
boneless manufacturing beefEU 30.10.85 29.10.86 13.10.87 Canada not
prepared to
adopt the
reportEfforts toresolve the
issue bilaterally are
continuing.
SCM/M/73
Implementation stage
US-Measures affecting the
export ofsoftwood lumber
from Canada.Canada 16.10.91 16.12.91 19.2.93 27.10.93 Under
implementation.
SCM/M/69
Canada -Anti-dumping
duties onbeer imports from
theUSUS 24.12.92 9.7.92 n.a. n.a. Panel proceedings
suspended atParties '
request (7.5.95).
ADP/M/49
n.a. Notapplicable.
a Subject totheWTO Understanding onRules andProcedures Governing theSettlement ofDisputes.
b Case appealed on8August 1996.
Source: GATT/WTO Secretariat documents.