G/AG/N/CAN/154  
 
25 January 2023  
(23-0605) Page: 1/6 
Committee on Agriculture  Original: English/French  
 
NOTIFICATION  
The following submission, dated 9 November 2022, is being circulated at the request of the 
delegation of Canada . The notification concerns actions taken within the framework of the Decision 
on Measures Concerning the Possible Negative Effects of the Reform Programme on Least Developed 
and Net Food -Importing Developing Countries ( Table NF:1 ) during the Calendar Year 2019 . 
 
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Note that with the entering into force of the Food Assistance Convention on 1 Ja nuary 2013, Canada 
reports Food Assistance Operations relevant to the NFIDC decision based on a calendar year basis. 
Data from the IDRC are reported on a fiscal -year basis.  
 G/AG/N/CAN/154  
 
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  Table NF:1  
NOTIFICATION UNDER ARTICLE 16.2 OF THE AGREEMENT: MONITORING OF THE  
FOLLOW -UP TO THE DECISION ON MEASURES CONCERNING THE POSSIBLE  
NEGATIVE EFFECTS OF THE REFORM PROGRAMME ON LEAST -DEVELOPED  
AND NET FOOD -IMPORTING DEVELOPING COUNTRIES:  
CANADA  
REPORTING PERIOD: CALENDAR YEAR 2019  
_______________ _______________________________________________________________  
 
1  QUANTITY OF FOOD AID PROVIDED TO LEAST -DEVELOPED AND NET FOOD -IMPORTING 
DEVELOPING COUNTRIES  
As a signatory to the 2013 Food Assistance Convention (FAC), Canada established a minimum annual 
food assistance level of CAD 250 million. Total food assistance reported under the FAC exceeded 
that target, providing a contribution of CAD 351 million. Approximately CAD 262 million went to  LDCs 
and NFIDCs.  
  
Food assistance incorporates a mix of tools, including provision of eligible products, cash, vouchers, 
nutritional interventions, and livelihood protection in emergency and early recovery situations. 
Consistent with FAC Requirements, all of Canada's food assistance is expressed in value terms.  
 
Table  A - Canadian Food Assistance to LDCs and NFIDCs 20191 
Country  Value  Disbursed 
CAD Food Assistance Partner(s)  
Africa LDCs    
Burkina Faso  750,000  WFP 
Burundi  123,212  ICRC 
Central  African  Republic  3,843,060  ACF, ICRC and WFP  
Chad 8,526,605  CARE Canada, ICRC, IRC and WFP  
Democratic Republic of Congo  16,369,042  ICRC, NRC, PIN, Solidarité International and 
WFP 
Eritrea  9,058  ICRC 
Ethiopia  12,781,128  CARE  Canada,  Canadian  Lutheran  World 
Relief  (CLWR), Concern, HelpAge, Save the 
Children, UNICEF and WFP  
Malawi  375,000  WFP 
Mali 1,065,324  ICRC and WFP  
Mozambique  6,752,812  UNICEF and WFP  
Niger 16,291,373  ACF, Development and Peace, ICRC and WFP  
Rwanda  500,000  WFP 
Senegal  13,777  ICRC 
Somalia  12,553,420  ACF, CARE Canada, ICRC, UNICEF, WFP and 
World Vision  
South Sudan  21,609,096  Concern, ICRC, UNICEF, WFP and World 
Vision  
Sudan  7,851,948  CARE Canada, ICRC, UNICEF and WFP  
Uganda  1,663,029  ICRC and WFP  
Total Africa LDCs  111,077,885   
Africa NFIDCs    
Côte d'Ivoire  21,903  ICRC 
Kenya  2,728,000  UNICEF and WFP  
Africa NFIDCs  2,749,903   
Total Africa LDCs and NFIDCs  113,827,788   
Americas LDCs    
Haiti 8,054,453  UNICEF and WFP  
Total Americas LDCs  8,054,453   G/AG/N/CAN/154  
 
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  Country  Value  Disbursed 
CAD Food Assistance Partner(s)  
Americas NFIDCs    
Venezuela, Bolivarian Republic of2 1,038,163  Protected  
Total Americas NFIDCs  1,038,163   
Total Americas LDCs and NFIDCs  9,092,616   
Asia and Pacific LDCs    
Afghanistan  3,647,255  ICRC, MCC and WFP  
Bangladesh  12,069,960  ACF, ICRC, UNICEF and WFP  
Myanmar  1,846,094  HOPE, ICRC and WFP  
Total Asia and Pacific LDCs  17,563,308   
Asia and Pacific NFIDCs    
Pakistan  615,320  ICRC, UNICEF and WFP  
Sri Lanka  23,319  ICRC 
Total Asia and Pacific NFIDCs  638,639   
Total Asia and Pacific LDCs 
and NFIDCs  18,201,948   
Europe,  Middle  East and Maghreb 
LDCs   
Mauritania  250,000  WFP 
Yemen  20,661,433  ACF, ADRA, CARE Canada, ICRC, Save the 
Children, UNICEF and WFP  
Total Europe, Middle East and 
Maghreb LDCs  20,911,433   
Europe, Middle East and Maghreb 
NFIDCs    
Jordan  7,821,478  ICRC,UNICEF and WFP  
Tunisia  3,957  ICRC 
Total Europe, Middle East 
and Maghreb NFIDCs  7,825,435   
Total Europe, Middle East 
and Maghreb LDCs and NFIDCs  28,736,868   
Global Support3 91,747,892  Canadian Foodsgrain Bank, Nutrition 
International and WFP  
Total  261,607,111   
1 Data for the purposes of this notification were gathered for Least Developed Countries (LDCs) as 
recognized by the United Nations and published by the United Nations Office of the Hi gh 
Representative for the Least Developed Countries, Landlocked Developing Countries and Small 
Island Developing States ( https://www.un.org/develo pment/desa/dpad/wp -
content/uploads/sites/45/publication/ldc_list.pdf ) and the Development Assistance Committee of the 
OECD plus the Net Food Importing Developing Countries (NFIDCs outlined in G/AG/5/Rev.11 
(available at: http://docsonline.wto.org ).  
2 Partners in the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela remain undisclosed for protection reasons.  
3 This value represents the unearmarked long -term institutional support provided to WFP, the 
Canadian Foodgrains Bank, and Nut rient International for activities including voucher transfers, cash 
transfers and provision of in -kind food assistance. It also includes support to the WFP's Immediate 
Response account. Regional and country specific recipient information is not available.  
2  INDICATION OF THE PROPORTION IN FULLY GRANT FORM OR APPROPRIATE 
CONCESSIONAL TERMS  
All Canadian food assistance is provided in fully grant form. In 2008, Canada fully untied its food 
assistance budget, opening up 100% of its food assistance budget to international procurement and 
supporting the purchase of food in developing countries.  
3  TECHNICAL AND FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE UNDER PARAGRAPH 3(III) OF THE DECISION  
In 2019, Canada provided humanitarian assistance funding to 52 implementing partners to help 
meet the needs of communities affected by natural disasters, conflict and complex emergencies in 
over 54 countries. In addition to its support to shelter, WASH, education, protection and health 
initiatives, Canada supported humanitarian food and nutrition as sistance through 23 implementing 
partners to benefit populations in 52 countries and regions. Throughout the year, the vast majority 
of food security crises to which Canada responded were caused by conflicts and forced displacement. 
Indeed, key responses t o conflict areas include: the Democratic Republic of Congo  (DRC) G/AG/N/CAN/154  
 
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  (CAD 16 M), Ethiopia (CAD  12 M), Myanmar and Bangladesh (CAD  13 M), Yemen ( CAD 20.6 M), 
South  Sudan (CAD  21.6 M), and the regional responses to the Lake Chad basin (CAD  33.3 M) 
and the Syria and Iraq crises (CAD  46.5 M) and Lebanon (CAD  12.7 M).  
 
Canada has continued to promote gender responsive humanitarian action as part of its Feminist 
International Assistance Policy. As part of this work, in 2019 Canada partnered with WFP, 
UN Population Fund (UNFPA) and UN Children's Fund (UNICEF) to implement the project Breaking 
Barriers to Girls' Education  in Niger and Chad. Canada has been a top supporter of WFP's school 
feeding program since 2003 and this project builds on the collaborative work being done in this area 
to further improve gender responsiveness. Breaking Barriers to Girls' Education  not only provides 
nutritious and fortified school meals to children in emergency contexts, but also integrates school 
health packages that include education services about nutrition and health, as well as sexual and 
reproductive health and gender -based violence.  
 
Canada also contributed to narrowing the gap between humanitarian and development activities by 
helping to develop projects such as the Re silience Initiative, which represents an unprecedented 
effort to support and invest in the same vulnerable communities over a five -year period through 
integrated, context -specific, gender -transformative and nutrition -sensitive assistance interventions 
addressing both immediate food needs and the root causes of hunger. This pilot initiative is being 
implemented by WFP, FAO and IFAD and aims to develop best practices and methodologies for 
addressing food insecurity in protracted crises by increasing beneficia ry resilience to shocks, crises 
and stresses.  
 
Furthermore, Canada is a founding donor and has been a key partner of Nutrition International 
throughout the organization's 25 -year history. As part of this important collaboration, in  2019 
Canada helped suppo rt Nutrition Internationals efforts to scale up direct, evidence -based and 
cost-effective nutrition interventions for children under the age of five and mothers in over 
70 countries worldwide, with a particular focus on sub -Saharan Africa and South Asia. T he 
investment also works toward national ownership and sustainability of these activities and services.  
 
Recognizing that not all food security needs are short term, Canada also provided multi -year funding 
to the International Bank for Reconstruction and D evelopment (IBRD) of the World Bank to improve 
food security and to support household resilience to shocks. IBRD collaborated with the government 
of Ethiopia through the Productive Safety Net Program to deliver a complementary set of activities, 
which incl uded cash for work, land rehabilitation and irrigation, livelihood support, and direct cash 
transfers for the most vulnerable.  
 
In terms of geographical distribution of the food assistance for 2019, 41.2% of Canada's food 
assistance went to sub -Saharan Afr ica, almost 24% went to the Middle -East and Northern 
Africa  (MENA), 5.5% went to Asia, 3.5% went to the Americas and 0.1% went to Europe. There was 
a slight decrease to the share for Sub -Saharan Africa over 2018 (when the allocation was close 
to 60%) and b ack to 2015 and 2016 levels (at 58%). With a significant portion of multi -year food 
assistance funding, the MENA region slightly decreased (30% in 2018), which still represents a 
significant increase from 2016 (19.6%). Asia's share of Canadian food assista nce diminished from 
the 11.7% average between 2015 -2017. Funding to the Americas increased compared to  1.8% 
in 2018.4 
 
THE INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT RESEARCH CENTRE (IDRC)  
 
Part of Canada's foreign affairs and development efforts, the International Develo pment Research 
Centre (IDRC) invests in knowledge, innovation, and solutions to improve lives of people in the 
developing world. Bringing together the right partners around opportunities for impact, 
IDRC supports leaders for today and tomorrow and helps dr ive change for those who need it most.  
 
In FY2018/2019 its total budget (including administrative costs) was CAD  146.3 million. In 
FY2018/2019, IDRC undertook disbursements in the agriculture sector (including agriculture, fishery 
and forestry) totalling CAD 4.509 million, which represented about 3.1% of its total allocation.  
 
A review for FY2018/2019 of IDRC identified some 13 projects in agriculture and related sectors, 
in LDCs and NFIDCs with a value of CAD  2.07 million (about 46% of all disbursements i n agriculture); 
See Table B.  
  G/AG/N/CAN/154  
 
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  Table B - IDRC Bilateral Programming Disbursements (by Region and Country), for 
Agriculture and Related Sectors (including agriculture, fishery and forestry), to LDCs 
and NFIDCs, FY2018/2019  
Country  Value Disbursed CAD '000 
AFRICA   
Benin 11 
Burkina Faso  386 
Ethiopia  -42 
Mali 148 
Niger 63 
Africa LDCs * 566  
   
Kenya  70 
Africa NFDICs  70 
Total Africa LDCs and NFDICs  636 
   
MIDDLE EAST & NORTH AFRICA   
Morocco  250 
Tunisia  232 
Middle East & North Africa NFIDCs  482 
Total Middle East & North Africa LDCs and NFIDCs  482 
  
AMERICAS   
Bolivia , Plurinational State of  223 
Americas LDCs  223 
Total Americas LDCs and NFDICs  223 
   
ASIA  
Cambodia  122 
Lao People's Democratic Republic  122 
Myanmar  469 
Nepal 14 
Total Asia LDCs  727 
   
Sri Lanka  6 
Total Asia NFDICs  6 
Total Asia LDCs and NFDICs  733 
   
IDRC  
Total IDRC to LDCs*  1,516  
Total IDRC to NFIDCs*  558 
GRAND TOTAL IDRC TO LDCs/NFIDCs*  2,074  
4 More information available in the consolidate Narrative report on Food Assistance by members of the 
Food Assistance Convention – 2019 ( https://www.foodassistanceconvention.org/en/reports.aspx  ). 
* Total project counts  are "distinct" counts as one project may be active in more than one country.  
4  OTHER RELEVANT INFORMATION WITH RESPECT TO ACTIONS TAKEN WITHIN THE 
FRAMEWORK OF THE DECISION  
Canada provided its food assistance in 2019 through 23 UN agencies and NGOs.5 The WF P continued 
to receive the majority of Canada's food assistance funding, amounting to 63.3% of Canada's total 
food assistance allocations in 2019. Nutrition International and the Canadian Foodgrains Bank 
respectively received 8.5% and 7% of Canada's contri bution. The remainder was provided to 
Micronutrient Initiative, the ICRC and other Canadian and international NGOs.  
5 Action Against Hunger, The Adventist Development Relief Agency (ADRA) Canada, The Canadian 
Foodgrains, CARE Canada, The Canadian Lutheran  World Relief (CLWR), Concern Worldwide, 
Development and Peace, The Food and Agriculture Organization of the UN (FAO), World Food Program 
(WFP), HelpAge, HOPE, The International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC), the International Rescue 
Committee (IRC), L 'Oeuvre Léger, The Mennonite Central Committee Canada (MCCC), Micronutrient G/AG/N/CAN/154  
 
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  Initiative, Norwegian Refugee Council, Oxfam -Quebec, Person In Need, Save the Children Canada, 
Solidarités International, The United Nations International Children's Emergency Fund  (UNICEF) and 
World Vision Canada.  
 
 
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