INF/TE/IDP/RD/146/Rev.1  
 
19 January  2024 
(24-0445) Page: 1/12 
 Original: English  
 
UNOFFICIAL ROOM DOCUMENT1 
 
 
DIALOGUE ON PLASTIC POLLUTION AND ENVIRONMENTALLY  
SUSTAINABLE PLASTICS TRADE ( DPP) 
COMPILATIONS ATTACHED TO THE MC13 STATEMENT  
Revision  
The following document has been presented during the DPP pre -plenary meeting held on 
23 November  2023 (INF/TE/IDP/RD/146 ) and has been  revised  and presented during the meeting 
held on 26 January 2024. It  is being circulated at the request of the Dialogue Coordinators.  
 
 
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1 Documents issued in the RD series are not official WTO documents. They usually appear in their 
language of submission and will not be translated systematically into the working languages of the WTO. They 
are intended for use in WTO meeting rooms and are a ttributed an unofficial symbol for archiving purposes only.  
Les documents de la série RD ne sont pas des documents officiels de l 'OMC. Ils ne paraissent 
généralement que dans la langue dans laquelle ils ont été communiqués et ne seront pas systématiquement 
traduits dans les langues de travail de l'OMC. Ils sont destinés aux salles de réunion de l'OMC et une cote non 
officielle leur est attribuée à des fins d'archivage.  
Los documentos de la serie RD no son documentos oficiales de la OMC. Por lo general se distribuyen en 
el idioma en que han sido presentados y no se traducen sistemáticamente a los idiomas de trabajo de la 
Organización. Se distribuyen para su uso en las salas de reunión de la OMC y se les asigna una signatura no 
oficial a efecto s de archivo únicamente.  INF/TE/IDP/RD/146/Rev.1  
 
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  DIALOGUE ON PLASTIC POLLUTION AND ENVIRONMENTALLY  
SUSTAINABLE PLASTICS TRADE ( DPP) 
COMPILATIONS ATTACHED TO THE MC13 STATEMENT  
 
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The factual compilations  below  do not imply  an endorsement of any particular Member practice  and 
do not affect the regulatory framework  and practices of each Member.  
 
1  FACTUAL COMPILATION I – OPEN, ILLUSTRATIVE, NON -EXHAUSTIVE AND EVOLVING 
COMPILATION OF TRADE -RELATED TRANSPARENCY EFFORTS AND POTENT IAL ACTIONS 
IDENTIFIED  
1.1.  Across the work of the Dialogue, delegations and relevant stakeholders have extensively shared 
their trade -related plastics policies and approaches to tackle plastic pollution, including their efforts 
to improve transparency, monitor ing and understanding of trade flows across the full life cycle of 
plastics, including flows of plastics embedded in or associated with internationally traded goods, as 
well as of  alternative  plastics and non -plastic substitutes and related trade measures.  These 
discussions have been reflected in the Dialogue's Informal Summaries and Aide Memoires prepared 
by coordinators and facilitators, in the room documents (RDs) containing studies and presentations 
produced for the meetings, as well as in the Factual S ummaries of technical discussions under the 
reduction ( INF/TE/IDP/RD/125 ) and promotion workstreams ( INF/TE/IDP/RD/88/Rev.1 ).2 
Delegations have further shared their trade -related plastics measures (TrPMs) through a dedicate d 
Survey, whose results have been compiled in the Dialogue TrPMs Report ( INF/TE/IDP/W/11 ).  
1.2.  Reflecting such work, and recognizing the need to periodically update this compilation based 
on global, regional and domestic efforts  and outcomes , including  those of other international 
processes, as well as on technical and scientific developments, the open, illustrative, non -exhaustive 
and evolving compilation of suggestions and practices below has been developed based on the trade -
related transparency effo rts and approaches identified in the Survey and in Dialogue discussions:  
a. Support efforts undertaken at the WCO to improve international cooperation on the 
classifications of plastics  and plastic products , and of potential alternative plastics and 
non-plastic substitutes, in order to support monitoring and regulation of trade across their 
life cycles . 
b. Improve precise identification of targeted goods/products in domestic customs 
classification to facilitate better monitoring, evaluation, reporting and regulat ion of trade 
in polymers, chemicals, additives, plastics and plastic products, and explore opportunities 
for individual and collective actions to improve this transparency in the plastics economy . 
c. Identify customs and related technological solutions that c an support transparency of 
trade flows across the life cycle of plastics . 
d. Promote cooperation, including with the private sector, on standards, product identifiers 
and other applications that can support transparency of trade flows across the life cycle of  
plastics . 
e. Improve the understanding and transparency of TrPMs and enhance cooperation and peer -
learning, including by:  
o Updating the Survey of TrPMs on a regular basis, including with draft or proposed 
measures .  
o Sharing domestic, regional and internationa l experiences leading to, whenever 
appropriate and practical, compilations of specific trade policy approaches . 
 
2 These documents are available at the Dialogue's dedicated website: 
https://www.wto.org/english/tratop_e/ppesp_e/ppesp_e.htm   INF/TE/IDP/RD/146/Rev.1  
 
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  o Enhancing efforts to identify and share TrPMs  which are not currently well captured in 
the Survey, including subsidies, support measures, internal taxes, and extended 
producer responsibility ( EPR) schemes . 
o Providing structured information on TrPMs  and related issues in trade policy reviews . 
 
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  INF/TE/IDP/RD/146/Rev.1  
 
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  2  FACTUAL COMPILATION II – OPEN, ILLUSTRATIVE, NON -EXHAUSTIVE AND EVOLVING 
COMPILATION OF TRADE -RELATED CAPACITY BUILDING AND TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE 
NEEDS OF DEVELOPING MEMBERS, LEAST DEVELOPED MEMBERS AND VULNERABLE SMALL 
ISLAND DEVELOPING STATES (SIDS) IDENTIFIED IN DIALOGUE DISCUSSIONS . 
2.1.  Across the work of the Dialogue, delegations and relevant stakeholders have extensively shared 
their trade -related plastics policies and approaches to address pollution, including their trade -related 
capacity building and technical assistance needs. These discussions have been reflected in the 
Dialogue's Informal Summaries and Aide Memoires prepared by coordinators and facilitators, in the 
room documents (RDs) c ontaining studies and presentations produced for the meetings, as well as 
in the Factual Summaries of technical discussions under the reduction ( INF/TE/IDP/RD/125 ) and 
promotion workstreams ( INF/TE/IDP/RD/88/Rev.1 ).3 Delega tions have further shared their Aid for 
Trade (AfT) needs assessments, approaches and suggestions through a dedicated Survey, whose 
results have been compiled in the Dialogue's AfT Assessment Report ( INF/TE/IDP/W/12 ). 
2.2.  Reflecting such work, and reco gnizing the need to periodically update this compilation based 
on global, regional and domestic efforts  and outcomes , including those of other international 
processes, as well as on technical and scientific developments, the open, illustrative, non -exhaust ive 
and evolving compilation below of suggestions and practices has been developed based on the needs 
and approaches most often identified in the Survey and in Dialogue discussions:  
a. Enhance cooperation with institutions identified in discussions so far who  lead or support 
technical assistance and capacity building projects to tackle plastic pollution with trade -
related elements, including: UNCTAD; UNEP; BRS; WCO; World Bank; GEF; WHO; FAO; 
ISO; UNIDO; UNDP; IMO; INTERPOL; UNODC; OECD; ALADI; Inter -American 
Development Bank; European Investment Bank; Pacific Regional Infrastructure Facility; 
Oceania Customs Organisations; Secretariat of the Pacific Regional Environment 
Programme; WEF; IUCN and WWF . 
b. Involve relevant stakeholders in technical assistance and capacity building discussions and 
actions, including representatives of the: civil society; academia; businesses; industry 
associations; chambers of commerce; regional and international organi zations; financial 
institutions; and research ins titutions . 
c. Pursue the following actions to help better identify AfT plastic -related projects and needs 
in the AfT Global Review and increase Members' engagement in the process:  
o Prior categorisation of existing plastic -related programmes to better identify their 
nature, scope and linkages to trade . 
o Exchange of case studies, experiences and challenges in the implementation of 
domestic programmes, policies, activities, and efforts and establish a public platform 
containing good practices from Members . 
o Increase  discussions on the topic in the Dialogue, feed findings into the AfT review 
process and prioriti ze plastic pollution in AfT strategies . 
o Introduce questions allowing for inputs on Members' priorities and needs on technical 
assistance and capacity building programmes specific or complementary to plastics 
and plastic pollution . 
o Introduce questions allowing Members and regional and international donor 
institutions and organi zations to share specific information on existing AfT 
programmes targeted at tackling p lastic pollution . 
o Organi ze Training and capacity building workshops (technical and  
non-technical) for delegates . 
o WTO Secretariat to work closely with the OECD and other institutions, including 
regional organi zations, identified in the discussions to enhance transparency of plastic 
pollution -related AfT information, while avoiding duplication of work . 
d. Priority areas in addressing trade -related aspects of plastic pollution identified by 
respondents of the AfT Sur vey (in order of response frequency):  
 
3 These documents are available at the Dialogue's dedicated website: 
https://www.wto.org/english/tratop_e/ppesp_e/ppesp_e.htm   INF/TE/IDP/RD/146/Rev.1  
 
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  o Improve the environmentally sound management, recovery and recycling of plastics . 
o Move towards more circular economies of plastics . 
o Design and implement trade policies to address plastic pollution . 
o Facilitate access to  key technologies . 
o Expand trade in environmentally sustainable and effective non -plastic substitutes and 
alternative plastics . 
o Develop and strengthen local capacities to produce environmentally sustainable and 
effective non -plastic substitutes and alternat ive plastics to single -use plastics . 
o Encourage collaboration with the relevant stakeholders through, inter alia , the 
exchange of knowledge and experience relating to the development of and access to 
environmentally sustainable and effective (including cost  and functionally effective) 
non-plastic substitutes and alternative plastic to single -use plastics . 
e. Specific needs and challenges in addressing trade -related aspects of plastic pollution 
identified by respondents of the AfT and TrPM Surveys (in order of r esponse frequency):  
o Domestic private sector engagement and partnerships  
o Access to technology  
o Civil society engagement, including local and domestic stakeholders  
o Technical assistance on policy implementation  
o Financial and investment assistance  
o Technical ass istance on policy development  
o Cooperation from value chain actors (incl. exporters)  
o Certification, testing and metrology  
o Regional cooperation  
o Cooperation from exporting and importing Members  
o Customs challenges  
 
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  INF/TE/IDP/RD/146/Rev.1  
 
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  3  FACTUAL COMPILATION III – OPEN, ILLUSTRATIVE, NON -EXHAUSTIVE AND EVOLVING 
COMPILATION OF PRODUCTS MOST OFTEN ADDRESSED BY TRPMS AND IDENTIFIED IN 
DIALOGUE DISCUSSIONS  
3.1.  Across the work of the Dialogue, delegations and stakeholders have extensively shared the ir 
trade-related plastics policies and approaches to address pollution. These discussions have been 
reflected in the Dialogue's Informal Summaries and Aide Memoires prepared by coordinators and 
facilitators, in the room documents (RDs) containing studies a nd presentations produced for the 
meetings, as well as in the Factual Summary of technical discussions under the reduction workstream 
(INF/TE/IDP/RD/125 ).4 Delegations have further shared their trade -related plastics measures 
(TrPMs) through a dedicated Survey, whose results have been compiled in the Dialogue TrPMs Report 
(INF/TE/IDP/W/11 ). 
3.2.  Reflecting such work, and recognizing the need to periodically update this compilation based 
on global, regional and domestic efforts  and outcomes , including those of other international 
processes, as well as on technical and scientific developments, the open, illustrative, non -exhaustive 
and evolving compilation below has been developed based on the specific plastic and plastic products 
that have most often been identified in TrPMs and in Dialogue discussions:  
a. Specific goods most often targeted by TrPMs and raised in Dialogue discussions (in order 
of frequency):  
o Packaging  
o Single -use plastic products (in general)  
o Wastes and scraps  
o (Single-use) Plastic ba gs 
o Tableware  
o Food containers  
o (Products containing) Recycled plastics (e.g. to ensure food safety)  
o Straws  
o Cups 
o (Expanded) Polystyrene  
o Bottles  
o Film 
o (Microbeads in) Care products  
o Cotton buds  
o Beverage stirrers  
o Plastic lids  
o Sachets  
o Tyres  
o (Plastics component in) Electronics  
o Textiles  
o PVC 
o Fishing Gear  
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4 These documents a re available at the Dialogue's dedicated website: 
https://www.wto.org/english/tratop_e/ppesp_e/ppesp_e.htm   INF/TE/IDP/RD/146/Rev.1  
 
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  4  FACTUAL COMPILATION IV – OPEN, ILLUSTRATIVE, NON -EXHAUSTIVE AND EVOLVING 
COMPILATION OF TRPMS ON REDUCTION AND OTHER APPROACHES  
4.1.  Across the work of the Dialogue, delegations and stakeholders have extensively shared their 
trade-related plastics policies and approaches to address pollution. These discussions have been 
reflected in the Dialogue's Informal Summaries and Aide Memoires prepared by coordinators and 
facilitators, in the r oom documents (RDs) containing studies and presentations produced for the 
meetings, as well as in the Factual Summary of technical discussions under the reduction workstream 
(INF/TE/IDP/RD/125 ).5 Delegations have further shared their trade -related plastics measures 
(TrPMs) through a dedicated Survey, whose results have been compiled in the Dialogue TrPMs Report 
(INF/TE/IDP/W/11 ). 
4.2.  Reflecting such work, and recognizing the need to periodically update this compilation based 
on global, region al and domestic efforts  and outcomes , including those of other international 
processes, as well as on technical and scientific developments, the open, illustrative, non -exhaustive 
and evolving compilation below has been developed based on the specific TrPM s that have most 
often been identified in the TrPMs Survey and in Dialogue discussions, as well as options for trade -
related actions:  
a. Types of TrPMs most often identified in the Survey and raised in Dialogue discussions (in 
order of frequency):  
o Technical r egulations or specifications (and related conformity assessment 
procedures), usually pursuing the following objectives:  
▪ Eco-design and labelling requirements (e.g. to facilitate recycling, reuse, reduce 
unnecessary packing, material composition , additives  and transparency) . 
▪ Recycling targets and/or recyclability requirements . 
▪ Waste management (including its trans -boundary movement) and leakage 
avoidance (e.g. degradability/compostability requirements) . 
▪ Chemical, toxic, and hazardous substances management . 
▪ Food safety requirements, in particular for goods with recycled content . 
 
o Bans/prohibitions, usually pursuing the following objectives:  
▪ Restricting single -use plastics and other goods (sometimes coupled with 
exceptions for medical goods, those certifiably degradable and/or compostable, 
or considering socio -economic factors) . 
▪ Waste management (including its trans -boundary movement) and leakage 
avoidance (e.g. banning imports and exports of wastes based on the Basel 
Convention, including when fina l destination/disposal cannot be ascertained) . 
▪ Chemical, toxic, and hazardous substances management (e.g. prohibiting the 
addition of microplastics in certain goods, or targeting certain polymers or 
additives such as those covered by the Stockholm Conventi on). 
 
o Import and export licences, usually pursuing the following objectives:  
▪ Waste management (including its trans -boundary movement) and leakage 
avoidance (e.g. implementing the Basel Convention prior informed consent 
requirements, or to verify waste recy clability, degradability and other criteria) . 
▪ Addressing single -use plastics and other goods (e.g. to help implement 
restrictions on single -use products, including by monitoring upstream inputs) . 
▪ Chemical, toxic, and hazardous substances management (e.g. t o help implement 
controlled chemicals, additives and verify hazardousness criteria in recycled 
plastics) . 
 
o Internal taxes, usually pursuing the following objectives:  
 
5 These documents are available at the Di alogue's dedicated website: 
https://www.wto.org/english/tratop_e/ppesp_e/ppesp_e.htm   INF/TE/IDP/RD/146/Rev.1  
 
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  ▪ Fees (on goods, services or on a sector basis) to finance collection, repurposing 
and recy cling activities and targets (and promote reuse, refill systems) . 
▪ (reimbursable) Charges on single -use products (e.g. bags) to reduce their 
consumption, promote re usable  goods and facilitate collection . 
 
o EPR schemes, usually pursuing the following objectiv es: 
▪ Waste management (including its trans -boundary movement) and leakage 
avoidance . 
▪ Enhance collection and recycling rates . 
▪ Stimulate eco -designing innovation . 
▪ Promote reuse, refill systems . 
 
b. Options for trade -related actions raised in Dialogue discussions:  
o Align requirements and restrictions in key TrPMs (e.g. those targeting single -use 
plastic bags) to facilitate implementation, avoid illegal trade and improve market for 
non-plastic substitutes and alternative plastics . 
o Extend restrictions to e xports currently only applicable to domestic consumption 
and/or imports . 
o Extend restrictions to domestic production and consumption currently applicable to 
imports and/or exports . 
o Following a specific request, apply equivalent restrictions to exports of pl astics and 
plastics products, including wastes and additives, to countries and regions which have 
imposed restrictions on such goods . 
o Revise and continue to apply EPR schemes to exports, including at their end of life . 
o Review and realign tariff profiles to  level the playing field between plastics and 
non-plastic substitutes and alternative plastics . 
o Prioritize the development of international standards applicable to sustainable and safe 
non-plastic substitutes and alternative plastics . 
o Prioritize sustainabl e and safe non -plastic substitutes and alternative plastics in public 
procurement tenders . 
o Promote eco/sustainable design of products to facilitate the reduction of material use, 
their reuse, refill, refurbishment, remanufacturing or recycling . 
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  INF/TE/IDP/RD/146/Rev.1  
 
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  5  FACTUAL COMPILATION V – OPEN, ILLUSTRATIVE, NON -EXHAUSTIVE AND EVOLVING 
COMPILATION OF ALTERNATIVE PLASTICS AND NON -PLASTIC SUBSTITUTES AND OTHER 
RELEVANT GOODS, SERVICES AND TECHNOLOGIES MOST OFTEN ADDRESSED BY TRPMS 
AND IDENTIFIED IN DIALOGUE DI SCUSSIONS  
5.1.  Across the work of the Dialogue, delegations and stakeholders have extensively shared their 
trade-related plastics policies and approaches to promote environmentally sustainable, safe and 
effective alternative plastics and non -plastics substitute s, as well as other relevant goods, services 
and technologies. These discussions have been reflected in the Dialogue's Informal Summaries and 
Aide Memoires prepared by coordinators and facilitators, in the room documents (RDs) containing 
studies and presen tations produced for the meetings, as well as in the Factual Summary of technical 
discussions under the promotion workstream ( INF/TE/IDP/RD/88/Rev.1 ).6 Delegations have further 
shared their trade -related plastics measures (TrPMs) thro ugh a dedicated Survey, whose results 
have been compiled in the Dialogue TrPMs Report ( INF/TE/IDP/W/11 ). 
5.2.  Reflecting such work, and recognizing the need to periodically update this compilation based 
on global, regional and domestic outcomes and efforts to identify solutions with the best socio -
economic and environmental outcome from a lifecycle perspective , including those of other 
international processes, as well as on technical and scientific developments, the open, illustrative, 
non-exhaustive and evolving compilation below has been developed based on the specific goods, 
materials and services that have most often been identified in TrPMs and in Dialogue discussions:  
a. Specific non -plastic substitutes mentioned by TrPMs and raised in the Dialogue 
discussions:  
 
Abaca (Manila hemp)  Algae biomass / Seaweed 
(brown, red, green)  Aluminium  
Areca leaves  Balsa Wood  Bamboo  
Banana/Plantain (leaves, 
stem, pseudo -stems or fib res) By-products of ready -made 
garments ("jhoot")  Calabash hard shell  
Casein  Cellulose (fib re, nanofibers)  Ceramics  
Clay Coconut Husks  Coir 
Cork Corn husks, other by -products  Cotton (linters)  
Down  Fish skin or residues  Flax  
Fruit peels  Glass  Grape waste  
Hay  Hemp  Jute  
Leather  Linen  Microbial cellulose of mixed 
vegetables and bacteria  
Murta  Mushroom -based resins and 
materials  Natural waxes (e.g. beeswax)  
Nettles  Palm  Paper (cardboard)  
Pineapple leaves  Plant Waste  Rattan  
Ray  Rayon  Rice paper  
Silk  Sisal  Steel  
Straw  Sugarcane pulp – bagasse  Tofu waste  
Wheat (fibre, paper, husks, 
stems)  White clover  Wood (bark, pulp, chip)  
Wools (e.g. alpaca, angora, 
cashmere, sheep)  Natural fib res (vegetable 
fibres; animal fibres)  Mineral materials  
Technologies relevant fo r the production of non -plastic substitutes  
 
b. Specific alternative plastics mentioned by TrPMs and raised in the Dialogue discussions:  
o (Marine, naturally, commercially) Biodegradable plastics  
o Bio Low-Density Polyethylene (Bio -LDPE)  
o Bioplastics  
 
6 These documents are available at the Dialogue's dedicated web site: 
https://www.wto.org/english/tratop_e/ppesp_e/ppesp_e.htm   INF/TE/IDP/RD/146/Rev.1  
 
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  o Bio-polypropylene  
o Corn-based resins  
o Low-density polyethylene (multiple use)  
o Polybutylene succinate (PBS)  
o Polylactic acid (PLA) and CPLA  
o rPET and other recycled plastics and recycled plastic containing goods  
o (Easily, commercially, effectively) Recyclable pl astics and resins  
o Technologies relevant for the production of alternative plastics and meeting recycled 
content standards/requirements . 
 
c. Services mentioned by TrPMs and raised in the Dialogue discussions:  
o Refill and cleaning bottle and other consumer goods  containers schemes  
o Reusable/returnable (takeaway food) packaging  
o Social and environmental impact assessment services  
o Tracking, segregation, traceability and identification services  
o Renting, leasing and other product -service systems  
o Labelling, certification and conformity assessment services (e.g. regarding commercial 
compostability)  
o Product eco -design, research and development  
o Return and reimbursement systems (e.g. bottle and boxes deposit systems)  
o Upcycling processes  
o Research and de velopment services  
o Post-consumer sorting, disassembly, remanufacturing and recycling services  
o Waste recovery, collection and management  
o Clean -up services  
 
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  INF/TE/IDP/RD/146/Rev.1  
 
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  6  FACTUAL COMPILATION VI – OPEN, ILLUSTRATIVE, NON -EXHAUSTIVE AND EVOLVING 
COMPILA TION OF TRPMS ON PROMOTION AND OTHER APPROACHES  
6.1.  Across the work of the Dialogue, delegations and stakeholders have extensively shared their 
trade-related plastics policies and approaches to promote environmentally sustainable trade. These 
discussions have been reflected in the Dialogue's Informal Summaries and Aide Memoires prepared 
by coordinators and facilitators, in the room documents (RDs) containing studies and presentations 
produced for the meetings, as well as in the Factual Summary of technical disc ussions under the 
promotion workstream ( INF/TE/IDP/RD/88/Rev.1 ).7 Delegations have further shared their trade -
related plastics measures (TrPMs ) through a dedicated Survey, whose results have been compiled 
in the Dialogue TrPMs Report ( INF/TE/IDP/W/11 ). 
6.2.  Reflecting such work, and recognizing the need to periodically update this compilation based 
on global, regional and domestic efforts  and outcomes , including those of other international 
processes, as well as on technical and scientific developments, the open, illustrative, non -exhaustive 
and evolving compilation below has been developed based on the specific TrPMs that have most 
often been identified in the TrPMs Survey and in Dialogue discussions:  
6.3.  Types of TrPMs most often identified in the Survey and raised in Dialogue discussions (in order 
of frequency):  
a. Technical regulations or specifications (and related conformity assessment procedures ), 
usually pursuing the following objectives:  
o Promotion of non -plastic substitutes and alternative plastics (e.g. by requiring 
minimum recycled content or certain preferable characteristics such as ease of 
recycling, composting or degradability, restricting certain goods while expressly 
exempting non -plastic substitutes and/or alternative plastics, or requiring labels to 
inform consumers) . 
o Promotion of technologies for waste management and other uses (e.g. requiring 
certain minimum performance for recycling processes or eco -design and circularity 
requirements as part of wider technology development efforts) . 
b. Bans/prohibitions, usually pursuing the following objectives:  
o Promotion of non -plastics substitutes and alternative plastics (e .g. by expressly 
exempting substitutes and/or alternatives, often coupled with wider technology 
development efforts) . 
c. Support measures, including grants and direct payments, preference in public 
procurement, tax concessions, and non -monetary support (e.g. advisory services and 
research and development, governmental certification or recognition labels, education 
campaigns and provision of collection and waste management infrastructure), usually 
pursuing the following objectives:  
o Promotion of non -plastics sub stitutes and alternative plastics, often specifically 
targeting the single -use plastics issue (e.g. research and development of new 
sustainable technologies, alternatives, and non -plastic substitutes, including through 
innovation grants and competitions, o r public procurement schemes with mandatory 
or preferential requirements for sustainable alternatives and non -plastic substitutes to 
certain plastic products, reusable packaging, or a minimum content of recycled 
plastics) . 
o Promoting re use and refill models  (e.g. financing or providing collection, cleaning 
services) . 
o Promotion of technologies for waste management and other uses (e.g. 
waste -to-energy or waste -to-fuel facilities and other resource utilization schemes, or 
specific plastic goods recycling, such as packaging and agricultural films) . 
 
7 These documents are available at the Dialogue's dedicated website: 
https://www.wto.org/english/tratop_e/ppesp_e/ppesp_e.htm   INF/TE/IDP/RD/146/Rev.1  
 
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  d. Internal taxes, including value -added tax, income tax, environmental taxes on specific 
products (packaging or waste fee/levies), specific industry/sectoral contributions (e.g. as 
part of EPR schemes), usually pursuing the following objectives:  
o Promotion of non -plastics substitutes and alternative plastics (e.g. by expressly 
exempting substitutes and/or alternatives or by applying differential taxes, often 
coupled with wider technology development efforts) . 
 
__________