DEAS 149:2023 
ICS 67.160 .01 
 
 
© EAC 20 22                                                                                                                                 
 
DRAFT EAST AFRICAN STANDARD  
Carbon dioxide for beverage industry — Specification  
 
EAST AFRICAN COMMUNITY  DEAS 149:2023 
© EAC 20 23— All rights reserved                 ii 
 Foreword  
Development of the East African Standards has been necessitated by the need for harmonizing 
requirements governing quality of products and se rvices in the East African Community. It is 
envisaged that through harmonized standardization, trade barriers that are encountered when goods 
and services are exchanged within the Community will be removed.  
In order to achieve this objective, the Communit y established an East African Standards Committee 
mandated to develop and issue East African Standards.   
The Committee is composed of representatives of the National Standards Bodies in Partner States, 
together with the representatives from the private sec tors and consumer organizations. Draft East 
African Standards are circulated to stakeholders through the National Standards Bodies in the Partner 
States. The comments received are discussed and incorporated before finalization of standards, in 
accordance w ith the procedures of the Community.  
East African Standards are subject to review, to keep pace with technological advances. Users of the 
East African Standards are therefore expected to ensure that they always have the latest versions of 
the standards the y are implementing .  
© East African Community 20 22 – All rights reserved* 
East African Community  
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Fax: 255 27 2504255  
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© EAC 2023 — All rights reserved  
  
 Carbon dioxide for beverage industry − Specification  
1 Scope  
This draft East African Standard prescribes the requirements methods of test and  sampling for carbon 
dioxide used for the carbonation of be verages.  
It does not apply to the following:  
a) carbon dioxide used for fire extinguishers, refrigeration, inflation rafts, welding applications 
and other general commercial purposes.   
b) material intended for medical use.  
2 Normative references  
The following  referenced documents are in dispensable for the application of this document. For dated 
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced 
document (including any amendments) applies.  
EAS 123, Distilled water — Specification . 
EAS 150, Methods for analysis of purity of carbon dioxide . 
3 Terms and definitions  
For the purposes of this standard, the following  terms and definitions shall apply.  
3.1  
carbon dioxide  
Carbon dioxide is a colorless, odorless, non-combustible gas with a form ula co2 , liquifiable to a 
heavy, volatile, colorless liquid or solid . 
3.2  
carbonation  
The addition of carbon dioxide into beverages through dissolving the gas in potable water/ beverages  
under controlled conditions of temperature and pressure to get the r equired gas volume . 
  
© EAC 20 23— All rights reserved                 2 
 4 General requirements  
4.1 The carbon dioxide may be derived from , fermentation of carbohydrates or from natural 
sources.  
 
4.2 A carbonated solution of the product in distilled water shall be free from any objectionable taste 
or odou r.  
4.3 When tested according to the methods prescribed in EAS 150, the product shall comply with 
the require ments listed in Table 1.  
5 Packaging  
Carbon dioxide shall be shipped and handled as a solid or liquid product in either steel cylinders 
conforming  to appropriate East African Standards or in insulated trucks.  
6 Sampling  
The product shall be sampled usin g the method described in Annex A.  
7 Quality of reagents  
For the analysis of the carbon dioxide, unless otherwise specified, analytical grade reag ents and 
distilled water complying with EAS 123(see clause 2) shall be used in all tests.   
© EAC 20 23– All rights reserved                3 
 Table 1 − Quality requirements for carbon dioxide  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 S/N Characteristic  Requirement  Test method, EAS 
150 
1 Carbon dioxide, % by volume, min.  99.9 Part 1  
2 Carbon mono xide, ppm, max.  10 Part 2  
3 Oil, ppm, max.  0.003  Part 4  
4 Water ppm, max  20 Part 5  
5 Volatile hydrocarb ons for example, 
methane, ppm, max.  50 Part 6  
6 Arsenic, mg/m3, max.  0.5 Part 7  
7 Hydrogen phosphide, hydrogen 
sulphide and other reducing organic 
substances.  To pass test  Part 8  
8 Total residual gases, % v/v, max, (when 
completely vaporised at 20 oC an d 
101.3 kPa pressure)  0.2 Part 9  
9 Nitric oxide (NO) and nitrogen dioxide 
(NO 2), ppm, max.  2.5 Part 10  
10 Sulphur  compounds, ppm, max.  0.2 Part 11   
© EAC 20 23— All rights reserved                 4 
 Annex A  
(normative)  
 
Meth ods of sampling  
A.1 General  
Samples of carbon dioxide needed to perform all the tests required by the standard shall be taken 
from the same manufacturing lot, using identical sampling procedures. Rigid met al connections or 
flexible reinforced nylon hose sh all be used throughout the sampling equipment and shall be kept as 
short as possible. All components shall have a design pressure of not less than 2 x104 kPa.  
A.2 Principle of sampling methods  
Two method s are given as follows:  
a) direct sampling, in which the sample is passed to an evaporator and then directly to the 
analytical apparatus.   
b) sampling in a cylinder in which case the sample is transferred in a cylinder to a laboratory.  
A.3 Direct sampling  
Connect the sample valve (see A.1) to an evaporating d evice and then via a control valve to the 
analytical apparatus. Thoroughly purge the connections, valves and the evaporating device with the 
sample.  
A.4 Sampling in a cylinder  
A.4.1  Requirements for the cylinder  
A.4.1.1  The cylinder, of water capacity 1 .4 kg or 2.0 kg, shall comply with the relevant East 
African Standard and be fitted with a valve at each end.  
A.4.1.2  An internal copper syphon tube of at least 5 mm diameter, and a length equal to one th ird 
of the length of the cylinder shall be brazed t o the base of one valve. This valve shall be clearly 
identified.  
A.4.1.3  The cylinder shall be coated internally with tin (containing 1 % (m/m) lead) applied by hot 
dipping the cylinder after the walls ha ve been descaled. Alternatively, stainless steel cy linders 
designed for the purpose may be used. The stainless -steel  cylinders shall have a valve fitted at each 
end. An internal stainless steel syphon tube of at least 5 mm diameter, and of length equal to one  
© EAC 20 23– All rights reserved                5 
 third of the length of the cylinder, shall be f itted to the base of one valve and this valve shall be clearly 
identified.  
A.4.2  Procedure  
A.4.2.1  Flush both cylinder valves with liquid carbon dioxide and thoroughly purge the sample 
point with the liq uid carbon dioxide to be sampled. Connect the non -syphon valve to the sample point 
using suitable connections (see A.1). Hold the cylinder vertically with the syphon valve uppermost and 
open the non -syphon valve to pressurise the cylinder.  
A.4.2.2  Slowly o pen the syphon valve and fill the cylinder with liq uid carbon dioxide by blowing off 
first gas and then carbon dioxide snow. Disconnect the cylinder and blow off approximately one fifth of 
the carbon dioxide from the gas phase through the non -syphoned valv e in the uppermost position. 
Shake the cylinder and  blow off the remaining carbon dioxide through the non -syphoned valve in the 
lower position until only carbon dioxide gas is discharged from it.  
A.4.2.3  Allow the sample to equilibrate to room temperature , prior to analysis. Analyse the 
sample as soon as is practicable after this thermal equilibrium is attained.  
A.4.2.4  To withdraw the sample for analysis, support the sampling cylinder vertically with the 
syphoned valve uppermost. Connect the non -syphoned  valve of the sampling cylinder (liquid carbon 
dioxide) to an evaporating device and then via a control valve to the analytical apparatus. Thoroughly 
purge the connections, valves, and the evaporating device before starting the analysis.  
NOTE  For the dete rmination of oil content the liquid carbon dioxide should be solidified by 
isenthalpic expansion.