# Proceedings of the 11th International Operational Modal Analysis Conference (IOMAC 2025)

Michael Döhler, Adrien Mélot, Manuel Aenlle López

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Michael Döhler, Adrien Mélot, Manuel Aenlle López. Proceedings of the 11th International Operational Modal Analysis Conference (IOMAC 2025). IOMAC 2025 - 11th International Operational Modal Analysis Conference, May 2025, Rennes, France. 2025, 978-84-09-75120-4. hal-05407607

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International Operational
Modal Analysis Conference

May 20 - 23, 2025 | Rennes, France
20 years

iomac

<figure><img src="image_6.png" /></figure>
Michael Döhler · Adrien Mélot
Manuel Aenlle López
Editors

Proceedings of the
11th International Operational
Modal Analysis Conference
(IOMAC 2025)

May 20–23, 2025

Rennes

France
# Publishing Information

**Editors:**

Michael Döhler
Adrien Mélot
Manuel Aenlle López

**Title:**

Proceedings of the 11th International Operational Modal Analysis Conference (IOMAC 2025)

© 2025 by the Authors and International Group of Operational Modal Analysis

All rights reserved.

The Authors retain the copyright to their individual papers. The International Group of Operational Modal Analysis holds the right to publish and distribute the collective proceedings. No part of this publication may be reproduced, distributed, or transmitted in any form or by any means without explicit permission from the copyright holders. Proper citation of the source is required for any use of content from this publication.

## INTERNATIONAL GROUP OF OPERATIONAL MODAL ANALYSIS

Campus de Gijón
C/ Pedro Puig Adam s/n, Edificio 7
33204, Gijón, Spain
Email: iomac@uniovi.es
www.iomac.eu

ISBN: 978-84-09-75120-4
Preface

We are pleased to present the Proceedings of the 11th International Operational Modal Analysis Conference (IOMAC 2025), held from May 20–23 at Inria, the French National Institute for Research in Digital Science and Technology, in Rennes, France. This edition marks a special milestone: the 20th anniversary of the IOMAC series, launched in 2005.

IOMAC focuses on the identification and evaluation of structural dynamic properties under natural operating conditions. Positioned at the crossroads of structural dynamics, statistics, and sensing technology, Operational Modal Analysis (OMA) has matured over the past two decades into a dynamic field with a wide range of theoretical, methodological, and application-driven developments.

The theme “OMA and Beyond” at IOMAC 2025 highlights the expanding role of OMA – not only as a tool for estimating modal parameters, but as a foundational approach for analyzing systems under operational conditions across civil, mechanical, aeronautical, and geotechnical engineering. As engineering systems grow in complexity, OMA increasingly integrates with digital twins, hybrid modeling, and physics-informed learning. This evolution is particularly reflected in the conference’s special sessions. Several of them extend beyond traditional OMA approaches, embedding the philosophy of OMA into new directions, ranging from Bayesian inference in engineering dynamics and computational methods to physics-enhanced learning and digital twin frameworks. Other sessions highlight the integration of advanced optical measurement technologies or explore emerging application domains such as machine diagnostics, aeronautics, and wind energy, to name just a few. We sincerely thank the special session organizers for their dedication in shaping such a forward-looking technical program.

IOMAC 2025 brought together over 140 experts from around the globe. In addition to 90 peer-reviewed technical presentations, the program featured four outstanding invited lectures: a keynote from Prof. Eleni Chatzi (ETH Zurich), the Lecture of Honor from Prof. Spilios Fassois (University of Patras), and two industrial presentations from Safran Helicopter Engines and Airbus, delivered by Dr. Frédéric Battle and Dr. Fabien Ayme. Further highlights included a 3-minute PhD pitch competition and an industrial plenary session featuring the six conference exhibitors.

Special thanks go to the Local Organizing Committee for their exceptional work in coordinating the conference and ensuring a welcoming atmosphere. We also warmly thank our sponsors and exhibitors, who have strongly supported this event and highlighted the crucial role of industry in advancing innovation in our field.

The proceedings are organized into thematic chapters aligned with the conference sessions. We extend our gratitude to the International Scientific Committee and the Special Session Organizers for their essential role in the paper review process and in shaping the conference program. We hope these proceedings offer valuable insights into the state-of-the-art and future directions of OMA. We are confident that the knowledge shared and connections formed at IOMAC 2025 will continue to drive innovation in the field, and we look forward to the ongoing growth of this dynamic international community.

Michael Döhler
IOMAC 2025 Chair

Manuel Aenlle López
IOMAC Association Chair
IOMAC 2025 Sponsors

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DEWESoft®
measurement innovation

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Structural
Vibration
Solutions

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Dynamic
Design
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SIEMENS

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Geocomp
A Sercel Business

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MMATIDIA
A NEW LOOK AT LIDAR

Ínria

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Région
BRETAGNE

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Université
de Rennes

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RENNES
MÉTROPOLE
## IOMAC 2025 Local Organizing Committee

* Michael Döhler, Inria (Chair)

* Palle Andersen, Structural Vibration Solutions A/S

* Edith Blin, Inria

* Christophe Droz, Inria

* Alvaro Gavilán Rojas, Inria

* Szymon Greś, Aalborg University

* Niels-Jørgen Jacobsen, Hottinger Brüel & Kjær

* Adrien Mélot, Inria

* Alexander Mendler, Technical University of Munich

* Laurent Mevel, Inria

* Gunther Tessier, Inria

## Permanent IOMAC Committee

* Manuel Aenlle López, University of Oviedo (Chair)

* Pelayo Fernández Fernández, University of Oviedo (Vice-Chair)

* Palle Andersen, Structural Vibration Solutions

* Carmelo Gentile, Politecnico di Milano

* Niels-Jørgen Jacobsen, Hottinger Brüel & Kjær

* Carlos Ventura, University of British Columbia
IOMAC Scientific Committee

Manuel Aenlle López, University of Oviedo

Sandro Amador, Technical University of Denmark

Palle Andersen, Structural Vibration Solutions

Jörg Bienert, Technische Hochschule Ingolstadt

Ruben Boroscheck, University of Chile

Anders Brandt, University of Southern Denmark

Rune Brincker, Technical University of Denmark

Javier Cara Cañas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid

Giuliano Coppotelli, Università degli Studi di Roma “La Sapienza”

Álvaro Cunha, University of Porto, Faculty of Engineering (FEUP)

Eddy Dascotte, Dynamic Design Solutions (DDS)

Guido De Roeck, KU Leuven

Michael Döhler, Inria

Pelayo Fernández Fernández, University of Oviedo

Dora Foti, Politecnico di Bari

Liga Gaille, Riga Technical University

Carmelo Gentile, Politecnico di Milano

Szymon Greś, Aalborg University

Jacek Grosel, Wroclaw Univ. of Technology

Niels-Jørgen Jacobsen, Hottinger Brüel & Kjær

Jyrki Kullaa, Helsinki Metropolia University of Applied Sciences

Filipe Magalhães, University of Porto

Alexander Mendler, Technical University of Munich

Laurent Mevel, Inria

Bart Peeters, Siemens Industry Software

Carlo Rainieri, National Research Council of Italy

Julie Regnier, Cerema

Edwin Reynders, KU Leuven

Thomas Schmidt, University of Applied Sciences Magdeburg

Janko Slavič, University of Ljubljana

Dmitri Tcherniak, Hottinger Brüel & Kjær

Carlos Ventura, University of British Columbia
# Table of contents

<table><thead><tr><th></th><th></th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>S1 - Diagnosis of rotating machinery</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td>Incipient gear fault detection under varying operating speed and load via Multiple Model vibration time series methods</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Dimitrios M. Bourdalos, Xenofon D. Konstantinou, John S. Sakellariou, Spilos D. Fassois</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td>Model Updating of Rotating Wind Turbines Using Operational Modal Analysis and Floquet Mode Decomposition</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Nina Delette, Enora Denimal Goy, Jean-Lou Pfister, Laurent Mevel, Reda El Amri</td><td>9</td></tr><tr><td>Harmonic removal for Automated Operational Modal Analysis of coupled rotor foundation system influenced by magnetic bearings and gas seals</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Nathali Dreher, Mona Amer, Tiago Machado</td><td>17</td></tr><tr><td>Assessment of harmonic suppression methods within OMA of an axial piston pump under constant speed</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Vijayasankar Irissappane, Christian Svendsen, Luis David Avendaño-Valencia</td><td>29</td></tr><tr><td>S2 - Monitoring for railway infrastructure: technologies and methods</td><td>39</td></tr><tr><td>Modal analysis of road and rail bridges for damage detection and resonance prediction</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Lutz Auersch, Samir Said, Rolf Rohrmann</td><td>39</td></tr><tr><td>Suitability of MEMS accelerometers for continuous monitoring of railway bridges – a case study</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Chanalisa Salvi, Carlos Moutinho, Sérgio Pereira, Elsa Caetano</td><td>47</td></tr><tr><td>Ambient vibration testing results to estimate the predominant periods of soil motion and the shear wave velocity profile in an anthropic soil zone associated with the Mexico City METRO,</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Jorge A. Avila, Roberto Duran, Jorge A. Avila Haro</td><td>55</td></tr><tr><td>S3 - Advances in modal analysis for aeronautical and space systems</td><td>63</td></tr><tr><td>Dynamic Characterization of a Flexible Wing Model Using Stochastic Modal Appropriation for Nonlinear Aeroelastic Analysis</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Daniele Antonini, Gianpietro Fronteddu, Roberto Giovanni Sbarra, Ludovica Onofri, Giuliano Coppotelli, Maher Abdelgani</td><td>63</td></tr><tr><td>Fast and relaxed vector fitting: an application to a fighter jet aircraft</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Marco Civera, Gabriele Dessena, Bernardino Chiaia</td><td>74</td></tr><tr><td>Modal parameter extraction via the Loewner Framework: Current progress and future directions</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Gabriele Dessena, Marco Civera</td><td>81</td></tr></tbody></table>
Application of gyroscopes for stability monitoring in flutter tests
Martin Tang, Keith Soal, Marc Böswald, Yves Govers 92

S4 - Dynamic identification and long-term modal-based monitoring of bridges 99

Long-term operational modal analysis of a steel-concrete composite bridge
Ana Avramova, and Carmelo Gentile 99

Experimental Damping Identification of a Bridge Case Study in Norway under
Still Air Conditions
Marco M. Rosso, Marco Civera, Gabriele Dessena, Bernardino Chiaia, Giuseppe
C. Marano 107

System identification and model calibration of a steel road bridge
Falk Hille, Ronald Schneider, Patrick Simon, Ralf Herrmann, and Matthias Baeßler 114

A multi-scenario approach for structural health monitoring of existing bridges
Laura Ierimonti, Agnese Natali, Giuseppe Chellini, Michele Morici, Laura Gioiella,
Enrique García-Macías, Andrea Dall'Asta, Filippo Ubertini, Walter Salvatore 122

A design map for a structural health monitoring system based on redundancy of
autocovariance functions
Jyrki Kullaa 130

Wavelet-Based Damage Sensitive Features Extraction for Structural Health Mon-
itoring of Bridges
Luigi Severa, Silvia Milana, Nicola Roveri, Eleonora Maria Tronci, Antonio Culla,
Antonio Carcaterra 138

Examining environmental influences on natural frequencies with the help of local
distance correlation
Carina Beering 146

Addressing Mode-Mixing Challenges in Structural Health Monitoring: Numerical
and experimental validation
Lakhadive Mehulkumar Rajkumar, Anshu Sharma, Basuraj Bhowmik 153

Operational modal analysis of two similar multi-span bridges
Ana Avramova, Paolo Borlenghi, Carmelo Gentile 161

Finite element model refinement of a reinforced concrete highway arch bridge
based on Operational Modal Analysis
Ilenia Rosati, Edwin Reynders, Marco Di Ludovico, Carlo Rainieri 169

S5 - Optical methods for structural identification and monitoring 177

Advancements in structural dynamics characterization: the role of Video Motion
Magnification in full-field Operational Deflection Shape characterization
Francesco Cosco, Davide Mastrodicasa, Emilio Di Lorenzo, Domenico Mundo 177

Frequency-domain Triangulation for Single-Camera Sound Radiation Measure-
ment
Domen Gorjup, Sofia Baldini, Gianluca Guernieri, Paolo Gardonio, Janko Slavič,
and Roberto Rinaldo 185

Vibration analysis of a car door using randomly sampled stereo camera measure-
ments with a large stereo angle
Yonggang Wang, Thijs Willems, Nathan Dwek, Matteo Krichner, Frank Naets 192
<table>
  <tbody>
    <tr>
      <td>Multi-target computer-vision dynamic monitoring of displacements in a full-scale building<br>Laura Gioiella, Fabio Micozzi, Morgan McBain, Michele Morici, Alessandro Zona, Andrea Dall'Asta, Barbara G. Simpson, Andre R. Barbosa</td>
      <td>200</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Mode-shape magnification in high-speed camera measurements<br>Krištof Čufar, and Janko Slavič, Miha Boltežar</td>
      <td>208</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Optimal sensor placement of FBGs based on the effective independence method for OMA of a Vierendeel truss bridge<br>Dimitrios Anastasopoulos, Eleni N. Chatzi, Geert Lombaert, Edwin P. B. Reynders</td>
      <td>216</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Post-processing of fiber optic sensors data with consideration of strain transfer for distributed strain measurements<br>Mira Kabbara, Xavier Chapeleau, Qinghua Zhang, Frédéric Bourquin</td>
      <td>225</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Modal shape reconstruction with distributed fiber optic strain sensing<br>Nicolas Aubert, Vincent Baumann, Aghiad Khadour</td>
      <td>233</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td><b>S6 - OMA for digital twins</b></td>
      <td><b>241</b></td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Cable tensioning during retrofitting of a suspension bridge: a case study on the use of updated nonlinear models<br>Santiago Bertero, Agustin Bertero, Raúl Bertero</td>
      <td>241</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Combined Geometrical and Modal Model Calibration via Reality Capture and Geometrical Modal Analysis: Application to a Steel Building<br>Yunus Kantekin, Rodrigo Sarlo</td>
      <td>250</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Integrated structural condition assessment of an ancient Mayan Temple<br>C. E. Ventura, T. Nunez, M. Motamedi, V.C. Hernandez, S. R. Hernandez, D. Bautista</td>
      <td>260</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Efficient system identification, model updating, and virtual sensing in the Digital-Twin-as-a-Service software platform<br>Dmitri Tcherniak, Prasad Talasila, Martin Dalgaard Ulriksen, Giuseppe Abbiati, Swarup Mahato, Anders Malund Dammark Jensen</td>
      <td>271</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td><b>S7 - Bayesian approaches for engineering dynamics</b></td>
      <td><b>280</b></td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Improving Bayesian filters for structural health monitoring applications with subspace-based noise covariance estimates<br>Neha Aswal, Szymon Greś, Laurent Mevel, Qinghua Zhang</td>
      <td>280</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>A Gibbs sampler for removing environmental effects in structural health monitoring features<br>Max D. Champneys, Tim J. Rogers, Elizabeth J. Cross, Keith Worden</td>
      <td>288</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Probabilistic Damage Detection in a Post-Tensioned Concrete Bridge Using Bayesian Neural Networks for Continuous Model Updating: a Numerical Study<br>Francesco Mariani, Laura Ierimonti, Filippo Ubertini, Ilaria Venanzi</td>
      <td>296</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Exploring physically meaningful prior distributions for OMA<br>Brandon J. O'Connell, Timothy J. Rogers</td>
      <td>304</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Probabilistic Super-Resolution for High-Fidelity Physical System Simulations with Uncertainty Quantification<br>Pengyu Zhang, Connor Duffin, Alex Glyn-Davies, Arnaud Vadeboncoeur, Mark Girolami</td>
      <td>312</td>
    </tr>
  </tbody>
</table>
S8 - Modeling and computational methods for physical model-based identification 320

Design optimisation of lightweight aerospace structures for vibration fatigue
Stefan Anderson, Jonathan Cooper, Fabrizio Scarpa, Brano Titurus 320

Wave-based modelling of arbitrarily complex periodic waveguides with nonlinear boundaries
Vincent Mahé, Adrien Mélot, Benjamin Chouvion, Christophe Droz 331

An efficient neural network-based surrogate model for predicting static gear contact conditions
Valentin Mouton, Adrien Mélot, Emmanuel Rigaud, Joël Perret-Liaudet 339

Computational methods for whirl flutter analysis
Charles Jacquet, Camille Denoël, Loïc Salles 340

Detection of Stall Induced Vibrations in Standstill Wind Turbines
Chandramouli Santhanam, Torben Knudsen, David John Laino 351

Subspace-based wavenumber identification in periodic waveguides adapted to full-field vibration measurements
Alvaro Gavilán Rojas, Qinghua Zhang, Olivier Robin, Christophe Droz 360

1D-CAE model building and simulation based on modal parameter identification of Electrical-Mechanical coupling system
Soichiro Takata 367

S9 - Physics-enhanced learning for structural health monitoring tasks 375

Physics-aware neural network integrated with stochastic subspace identification for quantification of physical changes
Nikhil Mahar, Nikesh Yadav, Gajendra Yadav, Subhamoy Sen, Laurent Mevel 375

Application of pseudo-anomaly generation in unsupervised fault diagnosis of wind turbine bearings under changing operating conditions
Magnus Munk Jensen, Szymon Greś, Rafał Wiśniewski, Dorte Hammershøi 383
Feasibility study of utilising modal-based features for finite element model-informed artificial neural network-based damage identification
Bing Zhen Cheah, Zhi Chao Ong, Shin Yee Khoo, Pei Yi Siow, Zainah Ibrahim, Chee Ghuan Tan 392

Damage Identification in Rotary Shafts via Vibration Monitoring and Physics-Informed Neural Networks
Vasiliki Panagiotopoulou, Konstantinos Vlachas, Marco Giglio, Claudio Sbarufatti, Eleni Chatzi 400

Robustness vs. effectiveness of transfer learning in damage identification depending on feature selection
Andrea Venturi, Daniele Dessi, Giuseppe Ruta 408

Stochastic modal analysis of pipe wall thinning structure based on Generative Adversarial Net (GAN) associated with interfacial roughness model
Banri Yamamoto, Soichiro Takata 417

S10 - Vibration-based assessment and monitoring for wind energy structures 425

First steps towards the development of structural health monitoring approaches for wind turbines in seismic-prone areas
Mona Amer, Tomás Núñez, Carlos E. Ventura 425
<table>
  <tbody>
    <tr>
      <td>Identification and long-term tracking of modal parameters of a 150m wind measurement mast using ambient excitation<br>Kevin Gnebner, Yves Govers, Julian Sinske, Ralf Buchbach, Philipp Kober, Giulia Jelicic</td>
      <td>434</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Reliable damping ratio estimates from a 50m+ wind turbine rotor blade as a guide for prototype testing in the low frequency regime<br>Yves Govers, Kevin Gnebner, Philipp Kober, Giulia Jelicic</td>
      <td>445</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Analysis of the aerodynamic damping in the modal parameter estimation of wind turbines<br>Javier Ibarrola Chamizo, Iñigo Vilella, Gorka Gainza, Miroslav Zivanovic, Aitor Plaza, Xabier Iriarte, Alfonso Carlosena</td>
      <td>455</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Measuring displacements and vibration frequencies of wind towers by means of a ground-based radar interferometer<br>Giovanni Nico, Olimpia Masci</td>
      <td>463</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Finite element model updating of a small-scale wind turbine blade using strain-based pull-and-release test data<br>Silvia Vettori, André Tavares, Mirco Giorgi, Emilio Di Lorenzo, Giuliano Coppotelli</td>
      <td>471</td>
    </tr>
  </tbody>
</table>

<table>
  <tbody>
    <tr>
      <td><b>S11 - Bayesian filters for identification and infrastructure monitoring</b></td>
      <td><b>479</b></td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Compensating Low Instrumentation for Mode Shape Estimation in Bayesian Filtering with Time-Delayed Data Embedding<br>Ananay Thakur, Shereena O A, Subhamoy Sen, and Laurent Mevel</td>
      <td>479</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>A comparison of subspace-based and maximum likelihood noise covariance estimation within Kalman filtering for virtual sensing applications<br>Andriana Georgantopoulou, Szymon Greś, Luis David Avendaño-Valencia</td>
      <td>487</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>A novel lagged estimation framework for sparsely observed systems supplemented with virtual measurements sampled in delayed time<br>Shereena O A, Subhamoy Sen, Laurent Mevel</td>
      <td>495</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Identifiability Analysis of the Input Excitation of two Mechanical Systems using the Lie-derivative and the Empirical Gramian Method<br>Mathias Thing, Giuseppe Abbiati</td>
      <td>503</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Subspace System Identification with Unknown Disturbance Rejection<br>Qinghua Zhang</td>
      <td>511</td>
    </tr>
  </tbody>
</table>

<table>
  <tbody>
    <tr>
      <td><b>Advanced signal processing methods</b></td>
      <td><b>519</b></td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Using Scanning Laser Doppler Vibrometry for Experimental Frequency-based Substructuring<br>Marie Brøns</td>
      <td>519</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Definition of a single axis excitation set-up for a multi-axial random fatigue assessments<br>Luca Campello, Raffalla Sesana, Vivien Denis, Cristiana Delprete, Roger Serra</td>
      <td>528</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>A Deep Learning Model for Cross-Building Seismic Response Sequence Reconstruction<br>Hongyu Huang, Yuxin Pan, Teng Li</td>
      <td>536</td>
    </tr>
  </tbody>
</table>
<table>
  <tbody>
    <tr>
      <td>Analysis of brake squeal using the Harmonic Balance Vector (HBV) signal model: dependence of squeal frequency, fundamental and harmonic shapes on operational parameters</td>
      <td></td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Guillaume Martin, Etienne Balmes, Guilherme Malacrida Alves, Guillaume Vermot des Roches</td>
      <td>544</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td><strong>Civil structures applications</strong></td>
      <td><strong>553</strong></td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Evaluation of a low-cost instrument for ambient vibration testing of concrete gravity dams</td>
      <td></td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Michael Dupuis</td>
      <td>553</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Vibration and Modal Analysis of the Roman Wall of Lugo</td>
      <td></td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Manuel Aenlle López, Natalia García Fernández, Pelayo Fernández, José Ignacio López Rego Uriarte</td>
      <td>561</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Vibration based early scour detection for multi-pier bridges</td>
      <td></td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Solaine Hachem, Frédéric Bourquin, Dominique Siegert</td>
      <td>570</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td><strong>Damage detection</strong></td>
      <td><strong>579</strong></td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Proportional flexibility matrices using modal parameters estimated with operational modal analysis</td>
      <td></td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Manuel Aenlle, Natalia García Fernández, Pelayo Fernández</td>
      <td>579</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Structural damage detection on a full scale masonry cross vault subjected to quasi-static cyclic loading tests</td>
      <td></td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Alejandro Bendezu, Daniele Pellegrini, César Chácara</td>
      <td>589</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Robust data-driven health monitoring of full-scale concrete dam structures via stochastic ML schemes</td>
      <td></td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Simona Bogoevska, Eleni Chatzi</td>
      <td>597</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Use of ensemble learning in damage identification based on curvature analysis</td>
      <td></td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Daniele Dessi, Andrea Venturi, Fabio Passacantilli</td>
      <td>605</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Operational Strain Modal Analysis and Wavelet Analysis for Damage Detection in Glass Beams</td>
      <td></td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Josué Pacheco-Chérrez</td>
      <td>613</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Influence of Optimised Sensor Placements on Multi-Objective Model Updating for Damage Localisation</td>
      <td></td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Jasper Ragnitz, Clemens Jonscher, Benedikt Hofmeister, Clemens Hübler, Raimund Rolfes</td>
      <td>620</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td><strong>OMA for FEM-based assessment</strong></td>
      <td><strong>628</strong></td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Reviving the I-40 Structural Deficit Paradigm: An Online Computational Behavioural Study Under Imposed Traffic Loads</td>
      <td></td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Anshu Sharma, Lakhadive Mehulkumar Rajkumar, Agnivesh Pani, Basuraj Bhowmik</td>
      <td>628</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Applying Operational Modal Analysis to rammed earth buildings for seismic assessment: an exploratory study</td>
      <td></td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Guillaume Candoni, Michel Vanwolleghem, Youness Azzouz, Stéphane Hans, Antonin Fabbri</td>
      <td>636</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>OMA of a school building damaged by the Illapel earthquake (Chile 2015)</td>
      <td></td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Juan Patricio Reyes, Galo Valdebenito, Elena Oliver-Saiz, Francisco López-Almansa</td>
      <td>645</td>
    </tr>
  </tbody>
</table>
<table>
  <tbody>
    <tr>
      <td>Dynamic Identification and Finite Element Model calibration of the Santa Ana church in Seville<br>Estefanía Chaves, Nuno Mendes, Alberto Barontini, Víctor Compán</td>
      <td>654</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>The ROTMAC concept: an experimental application<br>Natalia García Fernández, Pelayo Fernández, Manuel Aenlle</td>
      <td>662</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Long-term dynamic monitoring of the Leaning Tower of Pisa<br>Laura Vignali, Anna De Falco, Kristof Maes, Edwin Reynders</td>
      <td>674</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td><strong>OMA software</strong></td>
      <td><strong>682</strong></td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Easy automated OMA with open source software<br>Dag Pasquale Pasca, Angelo Aloisio, Marco Civera, Matteo Verzeroli</td>
      <td>682</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>New software for dynamic identification and optimal sensor placement of civil structures and infrastructures<br>Simone Quarchioni, Vanni Nicoletti, Fabrizio Gara</td>
      <td>691</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>A Comparative Study of OMA Techniques Using a Novel Python Library for Structural Health Monitoring<br>Amir Shamsaddinlou, Dario De Domenico, Monica Longo, Dario La Mazza, Giuseppe Mancini, Antonino Recupero</td>
      <td>699</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td><strong>Uncertainty quantification</strong></td>
      <td><strong>708</strong></td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>About the uncertainty of modal parameters estimated in Operational Modal Analysis<br>Javier Cara</td>
      <td>708</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Enhancing Dynamic Identification in Heritage Buildings: A Comparative Study of Optimal Sensor Placement Metrics<br>Estefanía Chaves, Nuno Mendes, Alberto Barontini, Víctor Compán</td>
      <td>715</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Uncertainty Quantification of the Modal Rotation Shape Sensing Method for Geometrically Non-Linear Deformation<br>Janto Gundlach, Marc Böswald, Martin Tang, Jurij Sodja</td>
      <td>724</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Cross-Validation in Stochastic Subspace Identification<br>Simon Marwitz, Tom Lahmer, Volkmar Zabel</td>
      <td>732</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Confidence Intervals for Conditional Covariances of Natural Frequencies<br>Lizzie Neumann, Philipp Wittenberg, Jan Gertheiss</td>
      <td>742</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Quantification of errors in frequency-domain inverse force estimation due to measurement and model noise<br>Christof Van Zijl, Jovana Jovanova, Apostolos Grammatikopoulos</td>
      <td>750</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td><strong>IOMAC editorial</strong></td>
      <td><strong>759</strong></td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>20 Years of IOMAC<br>Rune Brincker, Carmelo Gentile, Manuel Aenlle, Jörg Bienert, Carlo Rainieri, Michael Döhler</td>
      <td>759</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td><strong>Author Index</strong></td>
      <td><strong>771</strong></td>
    </tr>
  </tbody>
</table>