146. Leffler EM, Gao Z, Pfeifer S, Ségurel L, Auton A, Venn O, et al. Multiple instances of ancient balancing selection shared between humans and chimpanzees. *Science*. 2013;339:1578–82.

147. Těšický M, Vinkler M. Trans-species polymorphism in immune genes: general pattern or MHC-restricted phenomenon? *J Immunol Res*. 2015;2015:838035.

148. Teoh PH, Shu-Chien AC, Chan WK. Pbx1 is essential for growth of zebrafish swim bladder. *Dev Dyn*. 2010;239:865–74.

149. Selleri L, Depew MJ, Jacobs Y, Chanda SK, Tsang KY, Cheah KSE, et al. Requirement for Pbx1 in skeletal patterning and programming chondrocyte proliferation and differentiation. *Development*. 2001;128:3543–57.

150. Le Tanno P, Breton J, Bidart M, Satre V, Harbuz R, Ray PF, et al. PBX1 haploinsufficiency leads to syndromic congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract (CAKUT) in humans. *J Med Genet*. 2017;54:502–10.

151. Borah S, Barrodia P, Swain RK. Nucleolar protein 4-like has a complex expression pattern in zebrafish embryos. *Int J Dev Biol*. 2016;60:53–6.

152. Pasquet A. Effects of domestication on fish behaviour. In *Teletchea F*, editor. Animal domestication. London: IntechOpen Ltd. 2018.

153. Żarski D, Le Cam A, Nynca J, Köpp C, Ciesielski S, Sarosiek B, et al. Domestication modulates the expression of genes involved in neurogenesis in high-quality eggs of Sander lucioperca. *Mol Reprod Dev*. 2020;87:934–51.

154. Yoshida GM, Lhorente JP, Carvalheiro R, Yáñez JM. Bayesian genome-wide association analysis for body weight in farmed Atlantic salmon (*Salmo salar* L.). *Anim Genet*. 2017;48:698–703.

155. Cáceres P, Barria A, Christensen KA, Bassini LN, Correa K, Garcia B, et al. Genome-scale comparative analysis for host resistance against sea lice between Atlantic salmon and rainbow trout. *Sci Rep*. 2021;11:13231.

156. Causey DR. Proteomic and molecular investigations of links between growth and immune function in salmonids. *PhD thesis*, University of Aberdeen. 2018.

157. Tymchuk WE, Beckman B, Devlin RH. Altered expression of growth hormone/insulin-like growth factor I axis hormones in domesticated fish. *Endocrinology*. 2009;150:1809–16.

158. Palińska-Żarska K, Król J, Wožny M, Kamaszewski M, Szudrowicz H, Wychetek W, et al. Domestication affected stress and immune response markers in *Perca fluviatilis* in the early larval stage. *Fish Shellfish Immunol*. 2021;114:184–98.

159. Milanetto M, Tiso N, Braghetta P, Volpin D, Argenton F, Bonaldo P. Emilin genes are duplicated and dynamically expressed during zebrafish embryonic development. *Dev Dyn*. 2008;237:222–32.

160. DiBenedetto AJ, Guinto JB, Ebert TD, Bee KJ, Schmidt MM, Jackman TR. Zebrafish brd2a and brd2bare paralogous members of the bromodomain-ET (BET) family of transcriptional coregulators that show structural and expression divergence. *BMC Dev Biol*. 2008;8:39.

161. D'Ambrosio J, Morvezen R, Brard-Fudulea S, Bestin A, Acin Perez A, Guéméné D, et al. Genetic architecture and genomic selection of female reproduction traits in rainbow trout. *BMC Genomics*. 2020;21:558.

162. Khendek A, Alix M, Viot S, Ledoré Y, Rousseau C, Mandiki R, et al. How does a domestication process modulate oogenesis and reproduction performance in Eurasian perch? *Aquaculture*. 2017;473:206–14.

163. Zhang J, Zheng T, Zhou X, Wang H, Li Z, Huan C, et al. *ATP1B3* restricts hepatitis B virus replication via reducing the expression of the envelope proteins. *Virol Sin*. 2021;36:678–91.

164. Zheng B, Zhang J, Zheng T, Wang H, Li Z, Huan C, et al. *ATP1B3* cooperates with *BST-2* to promote hepatitis B virus restriction. *J Med Virol*. 2020;92:201–9.

165. Armesto P, Infante C, Cousin X, Ponce M, Manchado M. Molecular and functional characterization of seven Na+/K+-ATPase β subunit paralogs in Senegalese sole (*Solea senegalensis*) Kaup, 1858). *Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol*. 2015;182:14–26.

166. Muragaki Y, Mariman E, van Beersum SE, Perälä M, van Mourik J, Warman ML, et al. A mutation in the gene encoding the α2 chain of the fibril-associated collagen IX, *COL9A2*, causes multiple epiphyseal dysplasia (EDM2). *Nat Genet*. 1996;12:103–5.

167. Baker S, Booth C, Fillman C, Shapiro M, Blair MP, Hyland JC, et al. A loss of function mutation in the *COL9A2* gene causes autosomal recessive Stickler syndrome. *Am J Med Genet A*. 2011;155:1668–72.

168. Xu H, Dong R, Zeng Q, Fang L, Ge Q, Xia C, et al. Col9a2 gene deletion accelerates the degeneration of intervertebral discs. *Exp Ther Med*. 2022;23:207.

169. Rhee K, Brunori M, Besset V, Trousdale R, Wolgemuth DJ. Expression and potential role of Fsrg1, a murine bromodomain-containing homologue of the *Drosophila* gene female sterile homeotic. *J Cell Sci*. 1998;111:3541–50.

170. Howarth DL, Yin C, Yeh K, Sadler KC. Defining hepatic dysfunction parameters in two models of fatty liver disease in zebrafish larvae. *Zebrafish*. 2013;10:199–210.

171. Umasuthan N, Revathy KS, Whang I, Kim E, Oh MJ, Jung SJ, et al. Genomic identification and molecular characterization of a non-mammalian *TNFAIP8L2* gene from *Oplegnathus fasciatus*. *Gene*. 2014;542:52–63.

172. Sullivan C, Lage CR, Yoder JA, Postlethwait JH, Kim CH. Evolutionary divergence of the vertebrate TNFAIP8 gene family: Applying the spotted gar orthology bridge to understand ohnolog loss in teleosts. *PLoS One*. 2017;12: e0179517.

173. Miller BC, Zhao Z, Stephenson LM, Cadwell K, Pua HH, Lee HK, et al. The autophagy gene *ATG5* plays an essential role in B lymphocyte development. *Autophagy*. 2008;4:309–14.

174. Ye X, Zhou XJ, Zhang H. Exploring the role of *autophagy-related gene 5 (ATG5)* yields important insights into autophagy in autoimmune/auto-inflammatory diseases. *Front Immunol*. 2018;9:2334.

175. Raghuram V, Weber S, Raber J, Chen DH, Bird TD, Maylie J, et al. Assessment of mutations in KCNN2 and ZNF135 to patient neurological symptoms. *NeuroReport*. 2017;8:375–9.

176. Liu C, Zhao B. Murine *GRXCR1* has a different function than *GRXCR2* in the morphogenesis of stereocilia. *Front Cell Neurosci*. 2021;15: 714070.

177. Lorente-Cánovas B, Eckrich S, Lewis MA, Johnson SL, Marcotti W, Steel KP. *Grxcr1* regulates hair bundle morphogenesis and is required for normal mechanoelectrical transduction in mouse cochlear hair cells. *PLoS One*. 2022;17: e0261530.

178. Zhang SH, Liu DX, Wang L, Li YH, Wang YH, Zhang H, et al. A CASPR1–ATP1B3 protein interaction modulates plasma membrane localization of Na+/K+-ATPase in brain microvascular endothelial cells. *J Biol Chem*. 2019;294:6375–86.

179. Nosková L, Stránecký V, Hartmannová H, Přístoupilová A, Barešová V, Ivánek R, et al. Mutations in DNAJC5, encoding cysteine-string protein alpha, cause autosomal-dominant adult-onset neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis. *Am J Hum Genet*. 2011;89:241–52.

180. Mukudai Y, Kondo S, Fujita A, Yoshihama Y, Shirota T, Shintani S. Tumor protein D54 is a negative regulator of extracellular matrix-dependent migration and attachment in oral squamous cell carcinoma-derived cell lines. *Cell Oncol*. 2013;36:233–45.

181. Zhuang Y, Ly RC, Frazier CV, Yu J, Qin S, Fan XY, et al. The novel function of tumor protein D54 in regulating pyruvate dehydrogenase and metformin cytotoxicity in breast cancer. *Cancer Metab*. 2019;7:1.

182. Oksenberg N, Stevison L, Wall JD, Ahituv N. Function and regulation of *AUTS2*, a gene implicated in autism and human evolution. *PLoS Genet*. 2013;9:e1B003221.

183. Hori K, Shimaoka K, Hoshino M. *AUTS2* gene: keys to understanding the pathogenesis of neurodevelopmental disorders. *Cells*. 2021;11:11.

**Publisher's Note**

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
146. Leffler EM, Gao Z, Pfeifer S, Ségurel L, Auton A, Venn O, et al. Multiple instances of ancient balancing selection shared between humans and chimpanzees. *Science*. 2013;339:1578–82.

147. Těšický M, Vinkler M. Trans-species polymorphism in immune genes: general pattern or MHC-restricted phenomenon? *J Immunol Res*. 2015;2015:838035.

148. Teoh PH, Shu-Chien AC, Chan WK. Pbx1 is essential for growth of zebrafish swim bladder. *Dev Dyn*. 2010;239:865–74.

149. Selleri L, Depew MJ, Jacobs Y, Chanda SK, Tsang KY, Cheah KSE, et al. Requirement for Pbx1 in skeletal patterning and programming chondrocyte proliferation and differentiation. *Development*. 2001;128:3543–57.

150. Le Tanno P, Breton J, Bidart M, Satre V, Harbuz R, Ray PF, et al. PBX1 haploinsufficiency leads to syndromic congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract (CAKUT) in humans. *J Med Genet*. 2017;54:502–10.

151. Borah S, Barrodia P, Swain RK. Nucleolar protein 4-like has a complex expression pattern in zebrafish embryos. *Int J Dev Biol*. 2016;60:53–6.

152. Pasquet A. Effects of domestication on fish behaviour. In *Teletchea F*, editor. Animal domestication. London: IntechOpen Ltd. 2018.

153. Żarski D, Le Cam A, Nynca J, Köpp C, Ciesielski S, Sarosiek B, et al. Domestication modulates the expression of genes involved in neurogenesis in high-quality eggs of Sander lucioperca. *Mol Reprod Dev*. 2020;87:934–51.

154. Yoshida GM, Lhorente JP, Carvalheiro R, Yáñez JM. Bayesian genome-wide association analysis for body weight in farmed Atlantic salmon (*Salmo salar* L.). *Anim Genet*. 2017;48:698–703.

155. Cáceres P, Barria A, Christensen KA, Bassini LN, Correa K, Garcia B, et al. Genome-scale comparative analysis for host resistance against sea lice between Atlantic salmon and rainbow trout. *Sci Rep*. 2021;11:13231.

156. Causey DR. Proteomic and molecular investigations of links between growth and immune function in salmonids. *PhD thesis*, University of Aberdeen. 2018.

157. Tymchuk WE, Beckman B, Devlin RH. Altered expression of growth hormone/insulin-like growth factor I axis hormones in domesticated fish. *Endocrinology*. 2009;150:1809–16.

158. Palińska-Żarska K, Król J, Wožny M, Kamaszewski M, Szudrowicz H, Wychetek W, et al. Domestication affected stress and immune response markers in *Perca fluviatilis* in the early larval stage. *Fish Shellfish Immunol*. 2021;114:184–98.

159. Milanetto M, Tiso N, Braghetta P, Volpin D, Argenton F, Bonaldo P. Emilin genes are duplicated and dynamically expressed during zebrafish embryonic development. *Dev Dyn*. 2008;237:222–32.

160. DiBenedetto AJ, Guinto JB, Ebert TD, Bee KJ, Schmidt MM, Jackman TR. Zebrafish brd2a and brd2bare paralogous members of the bromodomain-ET (BET) family of transcriptional coregulators that show structural and expression divergence. *BMC Dev Biol*. 2008;8:39.

161. D'Ambrosio J, Morvezen R, Brard-Fudulea S, Bestin A, Acin Perez A, Guéméné D, et al. Genetic architecture and genomic selection of female reproduction traits in rainbow trout. *BMC Genomics*. 2020;21:558.

162. Khendek A, Alix M, Viot S, Ledoré Y, Rousseau C, Mandiki R, et al. How does a domestication process modulate oogenesis and reproduction performance in Eurasian perch? *Aquaculture*. 2017;473:206–14.

163. Zhang J, Zheng T, Zhou X, Wang H, Li Z, Huan C, et al. *ATP1B3* restricts hepatitis B virus replication via reducing the expression of the envelope proteins. *Virol Sin*. 2021;36:678–91.

164. Zheng B, Zhang J, Zheng T, Wang H, Li Z, Huan C, et al. *ATP1B3* cooperates with *BST-2* to promote hepatitis B virus restriction. *J Med Virol*. 2020;92:201–9.

165. Armesto P, Infante C, Cousin X, Ponce M, Manchado M. Molecular and functional characterization of seven Na+/K+-ATPase β subunit paralogs in Senegalese sole (*Solea senegalensis*) Kaup, 1858). *Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol*. 2015;182:14–26.

166. Muragaki Y, Mariman E, van Beersum SE, Perälä M, van Mourik J, Warman ML, et al. A mutation in the gene encoding the α2 chain of the fibril-associated collagen IX, *COL9A2*, causes multiple epiphyseal dysplasia (EDM2). *Nat Genet*. 1996;12:103–5.

167. Baker S, Booth C, Fillman C, Shapiro M, Blair MP, Hyland JC, et al. A loss of function mutation in the *COL9A2* gene causes autosomal recessive Stickler syndrome. *Am J Med Genet A*. 2011;155:1668–72.

168. Xu H, Dong R, Zeng Q, Fang L, Ge Q, Xia C, et al. Col9a2 gene deletion accelerates the degeneration of intervertebral discs. *Exp Ther Med*. 2022;23:207.

169. Rhee K, Brunori M, Besset V, Trousdale R, Wolgemuth DJ. Expression and potential role of Fsrg1, a murine bromodomain-containing homologue of the *Drosophila* gene female sterile homeotic. *J Cell Sci*. 1998;111:3541–50.

170. Howarth DL, Yin C, Yeh K, Sadler KC. Defining hepatic dysfunction parameters in two models of fatty liver disease in zebrafish larvae. *Zebrafish*. 2013;10:199–210.

171. Umasuthan N, Revathy KS, Whang I, Kim E, Oh MJ, Jung SJ, et al. Genomic identification and molecular characterization of a non-mammalian *TNFAIP8L2* gene from *Oplegnathus fasciatus*. *Gene*. 2014;542:52–63.

172. Sullivan C, Lage CR, Yoder JA, Postlethwait JH, Kim CH. Evolutionary divergence of the vertebrate TNFAIP8 gene family: Applying the spotted gar orthology bridge to understand ohnolog loss in teleosts. *PLoS One*. 2017;12: e0179517.

173. Miller BC, Zhao Z, Stephenson LM, Cadwell K, Pua HH, Lee HK, et al. The autophagy gene *ATG5* plays an essential role in B lymphocyte development. *Autophagy*. 2008;4:309–14.

174. Ye X, Zhou XJ, Zhang H. Exploring the role of *autophagy-related gene 5 (ATG5)* yields important insights into autophagy in autoimmune/auto-inflammatory diseases. *Front Immunol*. 2018;9:2334.

175. Raghuram V, Weber S, Raber J, Chen DH, Bird TD, Maylie J, et al. Assessment of mutations in KCNN2 and ZNF135 to patient neurological symptoms. *NeuroReport*. 2017;8:375–9.

176. Liu C, Zhao B. Murine *GRXCR1* has a different function than *GRXCR2* in the morphogenesis of stereocilia. *Front Cell Neurosci*. 2021;15: 714070.

177. Lorente-Cánovas B, Eckrich S, Lewis MA, Johnson SL, Marcotti W, Steel KP. *Grxcr1* regulates hair bundle morphogenesis and is required for normal mechanoelectrical transduction in mouse cochlear hair cells. *PLoS One*. 2022;17: e0261530.

178. Zhang SH, Liu DX, Wang L, Li YH, Wang YH, Zhang H, et al. A CASPR1–ATP1B3 protein interaction modulates plasma membrane localization of Na+/K+-ATPase in brain microvascular endothelial cells. *J Biol Chem*. 2019;294:6375–86.

179. Nosková L, Stránecký V, Hartmannová H, Přístoupilová A, Barešová V, Ivánek R, et al. Mutations in DNAJC5, encoding cysteine-string protein alpha, cause autosomal-dominant adult-onset neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis. *Am J Hum Genet*. 2011;89:241–52.

180. Mukudai Y, Kondo S, Fujita A, Yoshihama Y, Shirota T, Shintani S. Tumor protein D54 is a negative regulator of extracellular matrix-dependent migration and attachment in oral squamous cell carcinoma-derived cell lines. *Cell Oncol*. 2013;36:233–45.

181. Zhuang Y, Ly RC, Frazier CV, Yu J, Qin S, Fan XY, et al. The novel function of tumor protein D54 in regulating pyruvate dehydrogenase and metformin cytotoxicity in breast cancer. *Cancer Metab*. 2019;7:1.

182. Oksenberg N, Stevison L, Wall JD, Ahituv N. Function and regulation of *AUTS2*, a gene implicated in autism and human evolution. *PLoS Genet*. 2013;9:e1B003221.

183. Hori K, Shimaoka K, Hoshino M. *AUTS2* gene: keys to understanding the pathogenesis of neurodevelopmental disorders. *Cells*. 2021;11:11.

**Publisher's Note**

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.