# LIVING AND WORKING IN RURAL AREAS, SOCIAL WORKSHOPS ACTION, FROM INTEGRATION TO INCLUSION?

Franck Chignier-Riboulon, Mauricette Fournier
(UMR)

Territoires Lab, Clermont University, France)

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Unité mixte de recherche

Territoires

Observer, analyser, accompagner les transitions territoriales
# INTRODUCTION: A FIELDWORK IN PROGRESS

* A specific research call

* A partnership research

* An inter-relational approach

* Main expectations

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# 1- METHODOLOGY

## A- spatiality and territoriality

- Choosing the sites

- Perimeter issue

- Local life environment

<figure><img src="image_4.png" /><figcaption>Location of the social workshops

Mountaneous areas

Boundaries of the "Regions"

 boundaries of the "Départements"

Social workshops :
1 - Rochefort-Montagne
2 - Bussy-Albieux, Crèmaux
3 - Saint-Paul-de-Viarax
4 - Entremont-Le-Vieux</figcaption></figure>

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# 1- METHODOLOGY

## B - the fieldwork

- Workers and staff

- Immersion and observation

- Interviews

## C - Data and statistics

- Understanding local environment

- Spaces and territories

- Relationship, integration

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# 2- THE FRENCH CONTEXT, FROM EXCLUSION TO SOCIAL AND PROFESSIONAL INCLUSION

## A- Disability, status and work, a long way

- 1898, law on handicap and work accidents

- 1924, law on WW1 disabled soldiers and employment

- 1949, Allowance for disabled people

## B- Sheltered employment

- 1957, definition of disabled worker and sheltered employment

- 1975, status of disabled worker and integration trend

- Handicapped people as a rural resource.

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## 2- THE FRENCH CONTEXT, FROM EXCLUSION TO SOCIAL AND PROFESSIONAL INCLUSION

### C- The trend to professional inclusion

- The international evolution, thanks to WHO

- 1980, enlargement of the definition

- 2001, international classification

- The 2005 French law, a new situation

- A broader definition including psychic handicap

- Handicap defined as incapacity or diminution of capacity, for a variable time.

- Right to participate completely in social life

- The new context : adaptation of the society to the person, and no more adaptation of the person to the society.

- Therefore, changing job possibility, overall from sheltered to open market.

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# 3- FOUR SITES, FOUR LOCAL SITUATIONS

## A- Main situational elements of the social workshops

- An enabling environment

- Conditions of creation

- Involvement of local representatives

- Relationship

- Micro-society

- Networks

- Direct sale on local market

- territorialities

- Management

- Autonomy

- Leadership

- Changing position opportunity

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Source: UMR Territoires

Mountaneous areas

Boundaries of the "Regions"

boundaries of the "Départements"

Social workshops :

1 - Rochefort-Montagne

2 - Bussy-Albieux, Crèmaux

3 - Saint-Paul-de-Viarax

4 - Entremont-Le-Vieux

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# 3- FOUR SITES, FOUR LOCAL SITUATIONS

# B- ENTREMONT, CREATING A MICRO-SOCIETY

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# 3- FOUR SITES, FOUR LOCAL SITUATIONS

## C- Rochefort-Montagne,
A very local
environment

- Family proximity

- Local networks in
wood industry

- Several sites and
geographical
proximities

<figure><img src="image_13.png" /><figcaption>Rochefort-Montagne : customers of the workshop</figcaption></figure>

<figure><img src="image_14.png" /><figcaption>Total of customers
by municipality :</figcaption></figure>

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# FIRST CONCLUSIONS

* An almost mid-term research

* Collective representations and first results of the fieldwork

* From sheltered employment to open labor market...

* Local environment and desires of employees

* Leadership and management

* Which well-being?

* Psychic and mental are specific handicaps

* Quality of the environment is central in a social and professional way

* Changing job and status is not considered as better

* Maybe, societal evolution meets “save money” policies

* Nevertheless, turnover rate is higher than national one

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