Electronic Participation

Sara Hofmann, Csaba Csáki, Noella Edelmann, Thomas Lampoltshammer,
Ulf Melin, Peter Parycek, Gerhard Schwabe, Efthimios Tambouris

► To cite this version:

Sara Hofmann, Csaba Csáki, Noella Edelmann, Thomas Lampoltshammer, Ulf Melin, et al.. Electronic Participation: 12th IFIP WG 8.5 International Conference, ePart 2020, Linköping, Sweden, August 31 – September 2, 2020, Proceedings. Springer International Publishing, LNCS-12220, 2020, Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 978-3-030-58140-4. 10.1007/978-3-030-58141-1 . hal-03201953

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Distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License
Founding Editors

Gerhard Goos

Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany

Juris Hartmanis

Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA

Editorial Board Members

Elisa Bertino

Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA

Wen Gao

Peking University, Beijing, China

Bernhard Steffen

TU Dortmund University, Dortmund, Germany

Gerhard Woeginger

RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany

Moti Yung

Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
More information about this series at http://www.springer.com/series/7409
Sara Hofmann · Csaba Csáki ·
Noella Edelmann · Thomas Lampoltshammer ·
Ulf Melin · Peter Parycek ·
Gerhard Schwabe · Efthimios Tambouris (Eds.)

Electronic Participation

12th IFIP WG 8.5 International Conference, ePart 2020
Linköping, Sweden, August 31 – September 2, 2020
Proceedings

<figure><img src="image_2.png" /></figure>

Springer
Editors

Sara Hofmann
University of Agder
Kristiansand, Norway

Noella Edelmann
Danube University Krems
Krems, Austria

Ulf Melin
Linköping University
Linköping, Sweden

Gerhard Schwabe
University of Zurich
Zurich, Switzerland

Csaba Csáki
Corvinus University of Budapest
Budapest, Hungary

Thomas Lampoltshammer
Danube University Krems
Krems, Austria

Peter Parycek
Danube University Krems
Krems, Austria

Efthimios Tambouris
University of Macedonia
Thessaloniki, Greece

ISSN 0302-9743

ISSN 1611-3349 (electronic)

Lecture Notes in Computer Science

ISBN 978-3-030-58140-4

ISBN 978-3-030-58141-1 (eBook)

https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-58141-1

LNCS Sublibrary: SL3 – Information Systems and Applications, incl. Internet/Web, and HCI

© IFIP International Federation for Information Processing 2020

This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed.

The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use.

The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, expressed or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. The publisher remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

This Springer imprint is published by the registered company Springer Nature Switzerland AG
The registered company address is: Gewerbestrasse 11, 6330 Cham, Switzerland
# Preface

Welcome to the third joint EGOV-CeDEM-ePart 2020! The conference presents the merger of the IFIP WG 8.5 Electronic Government (EGOV), the IFIP WG 8.5 Electronic Participation (ePart), and the E-Democracy and Open Government Conference (CeDEM). The conference is a well-known international venue for exchanging ideas among researchers and also practitioners in the field of e-Government, Open Government, eParticipation, and e-Democracy, as well as the role of social media, digital transformation in society, artificial intelligence, policy information, smart governance, and social innovation.

This year's preparation and execution of the conference have been heavily influenced by the COVID-19 pandemic. Originally planned to take place at Linköping University in Sweden, EGOV-CeDEM-ePart 2020 was held as a fully digital conference during August 31 – September 2. The authors recorded a short presentation of their paper beforehand so that during the conference the focus was on providing feedback, discussion, and learning from each other. While we lost some of the ad-hoc meetings and informal gatherings, we managed to have much interaction and participation.

EGOV-CeDEM-ePart 2020 attracted different types of submissions, including completed research, ongoing research, practitioner papers, reflections and viewpoints, posters, and workshops. In addition, the conference organized a PhD colloquium. EGOV-CeDEM-ePart welcomes individuals from academic and applied backgrounds as well as from business, public authorities, NGOs, NPOs, and education institutions. The submissions are distributed over the following tracks:

* General e-Government & e-Governance Track

* General e-Democracy & e-Participation Track

* AI, Data Analytics & Automated Decision Making Track

* Smart Cities (Government, Communities & Regions) Track

* Social Media Track

* Social Innovation Track

* Open Data: Social and Technical Aspects Track

* Digital Society Track

* Cybersecurity Track

* Legal Informatics Track

* Practitioners' Track

The ePart proceedings contain 11 completed research papers, which accounts for an acceptance rate of 33%. The papers are distributed among the General e-Democracy & e-Participation, Social Media, Legal Informatics, Digital Society, and Social Innovation tracks. Another 30 completed research papers are included in the LNCS EGOV proceedings (vol. 12219).

The volume starts with eParticipation Developments and the case of a district authority in Hungary that decided to build an eParticipation program from scratch presented by Csaba Csáki. He unveils challenges of using digital technologies in extended democratic decision making. Joachim Åström and Martin Karlsson take on a
new perspective of trust research in eParticipation. They analyze Swedish public managers' trust in citizens when collaborating with them in participation projects.

In the area of Digital Transformation, Efthimios Tambouris and Epameinondas Troulinos investigate the transformation of information systems in the jurisdiction. They explore how the governance structure of the Integrated Administrative Court Case Management System of Greece has affected the decisions regarding interoperability. Nitesh Bharosa, Silvia Lips, and Dirk Draheim analyze data exchange infrastructures, which are needed for transforming the public sector. In doing so, they compare the different approaches in The Netherlands and in Estonia. A more theoretical perspective on digital transformation is taken by Thomas Vogl. He discusses diverse perspectives to the study of technologically supported social innovation in the public sector.

Two papers deal with Open Government and Transparency. Noella Edelmann and Mary Francoli explore the connection between a government's membership in the Open Government Partnership initiative and their digital transformation. Another perspective of openness is pursued by Changwoo Suh, Byungtae Lee, Habin Lee, Youngseok Choi, and Sunghan Ryu. In their contribution, they identify what attributes of online games need to be disclosed to the market for policy makers.

Several papers in our volume consider the User Perspective. Charalampos Alexopoulos, Shefali Virkar, Michalis Avgerinos Loutsaris, Anna-Sophie Novak, and Euripidis Loukis analyze how to design effective and useful systems for the provision of legal information. In this context, they identify the legal information requirements of designers of public policies. Mariana S. Gustafsson, Elin Wihlborg, and Johanna Sefyrin consider the concept of citizenship and how it is mediated by technology. Their findings are based on a field study in Swedish libraries where they examine how citizenship is practiced in an advanced digital society. Karin Skill and Ahmed Kaharevic also consider the Swedish context. They explore digital participation and inclusion in eHealth in a marginalized neighborhood. The volume closes with a study on chatbots in public agencies. Linett Simonsen, Tina Steinstø, Guri Verne, and Tone Bratteteig present their findings from chat logs and identify different types of lack of domain knowledge.

We would like to thank all the contributors who have aided in making this year's conference a success. Our gratitude goes to the track chairs, the members of the Program Committee and the additional reviewers for their effort in preparing the conference as well as reviewing and selecting the accepted papers, and to the authors for submitting their papers. A special thanks goes to the local organizers at Linköping University for their preparation and their flexibility in these challenging times. The conference was only possible with the help and contribution from all of you.

August 2020

Sara Hofmann

Csaba Csáki

Noella Edelmann

Thomas Lampoltshammer

Ulf Melin

Peter Parycek

Gerhard Schwabe

Efthimios Tambouris
# Organization

## Conference Lead Organizer

Marijn Janssen

Delft University of Technology, The Netherlands

## General e-Government and e-Governance Track

Gabriela Viale Pereira

Danube University Krems, Austria

Ida Lindgren

Linköping University, Sweden

Hans Jochen Scholl

University of Washington, USA

## General e-Democracy and e-Participation Track

Noella Edelmann

Danube University Krems, Austria

Peter Parycek

Danube University Krems, Austria

Robert Krimmer

Tallinn University of Technology, Estonia

## Smart Cities (Government, Communities and Regions) Track

Manuel Pedro Rodríguez
Bolívar

University of Granada, Spain

Karin Axelsson

Linköping University, Sweden

Nuno Lopes

DTx: Digital Transformation CoLab, Portugal

## AI, Data Analytics and Automated Decision Making Track

Habin Lee

Brunel University London, UK

Euripidis Loukis

University of the Aegean, Greece

Evangelos Kalampokis

University of Macedonia, Greece

## Social Media Track

Sara Hofmann

University of Agder, Norway

Marius Rohde Johannessen

University of South-Eastern Norway, Norway

Panos Panagiotopoulos

Queen Mary University of London, UK

## Social Innovation Track

Csaba Csáki

Corvinus University of Budapest, Hungary

Gianluca Misuraca

European Commission's Joint Research Centre, Spain

Marijn Janssen

Delft University of Technology, The Netherlands
## Open Data: Social and Technical Aspects Track

Anneke Zuiderwijk

Delft University of Technology, The Netherlands

Ramon Gil-Garcia

University at Albany, SUNY, USA

Efthimios Tambouris

University of Macedonia, Greece

## Digital Society Track

Thomas Lampoltshammer

Danube University Krems, Austria

Christian Østergaard
Madsen

IT University of Copenhagen, Denmark

Katarina L. Gidlund

Mid Sweden University, Sweden

## Cybersecurity Track

Natalia Kadenko

Delft University of Technology, The Netherlands

Marijn Janssen

Delft University of Technology, The Netherlands

## Legal Informatics Track

Peter Parycek

Danube University Krems, Austria

Anna-Sophie Novak

Danube University Krems, Austria

## Practitioners' Track

Francesco Mureddu

The Lisbon Council, Belgium

Peter Reichstädter

Austrian Parliament, Austria

Francesco Molinari

Politecnico di Milano, Italy

Morten Meyerhoff Nielsen

United Nations University, Portugal

## Chair of Outstanding Papers Awards

Noella Edelmann

Danube University Krems, Austria

Evangelos Kalampokis

University of Macedonia, Greece

## PhD Colloquium Chairs

Gabriela Viale Pereira

Danube University Krems, Austria

J. Ramon Gil-Garcia

University at Albany, SUNY, USA

Ida Lindgren

Linköping University, Sweden

## Program Committee

Suha Alawadhi

Kuwait University, Kuwait

Karin Ahlin

Mid Sweden University, Sweden

Valerie Albrecht

Danube University Krems, Austria
Laura Alcaide-Muñoz

Karin Axelsson

Ana Alice Baptista

Peter Bellström

Flavia Bernardini

Lasse Berntzen

Radomir Bolgov

Paul Brous

Luiz Paulo Carvalho

Walter Castelnovo

Alexopoulos Charalampos

Youngseok Choi

Wichian Chutimaskul

Antoine Clarinval

Andreiwid Sheffer Corrêa

J. Ignacio Criado

Joep Crompvoets

Peter Cruickshank

Jonathan Crusoe

Csaba Csáki

Frank Danielsen

Lieselot Danneels

Todd R. Davies

Athanasios Deligiannis

Edna Dias Canedo

Bettina Distel

Noella Edelmann

Montathar Faraon

Margarita Fourer

Sabrina Franceschini

Gangadharan G. R.

Yingying Gao

Luz Maria Garcia

Francisco García Morán

Elisabeth Gebka

J. Paul Gibson

J. Ramon Gil-Garcia

Dimitris Gouscos

Malin Granath

Stefanos Gritzalis

Christine Große

Divya Kirti Gupta

Martijn Hartog

Marcia Hino

University of Granada, Spain

Linköping University, Sweden

University of Minho, Portugal

Karlstadt University, Sweden

Universidade Federal Fluminense, Brazil

University of South-Eastern Norway, Norway

Saint Petersburg State University, Russia

Delft University of Technology, The Netherlands

UFRJ, Brazil

University of Insubria, Italy

University of the Aegean, Greece

University of Southampton, UK

King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi, Thailand

Université de Namur, Belgium

Federal Institute of São Paulo, Brazil

Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Spain

KU Leuven, Belgium

Edinburgh Napier University, UK

Linköping University, Sweden

Corvinus University of Budapest, Hungary

University of Agder, Norway

KU Leuven, Belgium

Stanford University, USA

International Hellenic University, Greece

Universidade de Brasília, Brazil

University of Münster, Germany

Danube University Krems, Austria

Kristianstad University, Sweden

Danube University Krems, Austria

Regione Emilia-Romagna, Italy

IBM, India

Delft University of Technology, The Netherlands

Universidad de la Sierra Sur, Mexico

European Commission's Joint Research Centre, Belgium

University of Namur, Belgium

Institut Mines-Télécom, France

University at Albany, SUNY, USA

University of Athens, Greece

Linköping University, Sweden

University of Piraeus, Greece

Mid Sweden University, Sweden

Indus Business Academy, India

Delft University of Technology, The Netherlands

FGV EAESP, Brazil
<table>
  <tr>
    <td>Sara Hofmann</td>
    <td>University of Agder, Norway</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>Roumiana Ilieva</td>
    <td>Technical University of Sofia, Bulgaria</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>Tomasz Janowski</td>
    <td>Danube University Krems, Austria</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>Marijn Janssen</td>
    <td>Delft University of Technology, The Netherlands</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>Marius Rohde Johannessen</td>
    <td>University of South-Eastern Norway, Norway</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>Gustaf Juell-Skielse</td>
    <td>Stockholm University, Sweden</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>Yury Kabanov</td>
    <td>National Research University, Russia</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>Natalia Kadenko</td>
    <td>Delft University of Technology, The Netherlands</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>Muneo Kaigo</td>
    <td>University of Tsukuba, Japan</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>Evangelos Kalampokis</td>
    <td>CERTH, Greece</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>Eleni Kanellou</td>
    <td>NTUA, Greece</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>Evika Karamagioli</td>
    <td>Université Paris 8, France</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>Areti Karamanou</td>
    <td>University of Macedonia, Greece</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>Ilka Kawashita</td>
    <td>University of Minho, Portugal</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>Jongwoo Kim</td>
    <td>Hanyang University, South Korea</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>Fabian Kirstein</td>
    <td>Fraunhofer Institute, Germany</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>Helena Korge</td>
    <td>Tallinn University of Technology, Estonia</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>Robert Krimmer</td>
    <td>Tallinn University of Technology, Estonia</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>Thomas Lampoltshammer</td>
    <td>Danube University Krems, Austria</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>Habin Lee</td>
    <td>Brunel University, UK</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>Hong Joo Lee</td>
    <td>The Catholic University of Korea, South Korea</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>Azi Lev-On</td>
    <td>Ariel University Center, Israel</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>Johan Linåker</td>
    <td>Lund University, Sweden</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>Ida Lindgren</td>
    <td>Linköping University, Sweden</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>Nuno Lopes</td>
    <td>DTx: Digital Transformation CoLab, Portugal</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>Euripidis Loukis</td>
    <td>University of the Aegean, Greece</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>Rui Pedro Lourenço</td>
    <td>INESC Coimbra, Portugal</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>Nikolaos Loutas</td>
    <td>European Commission's Joint Research Centre, Belgium</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>Edimara Luciano</td>
    <td>Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>Luis F. Luna-Reyes</td>
    <td>University at Albany, SUNY, USA</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>Bjorn Lundell</td>
    <td>University of Skövde, Sweden</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>Ahmad Luthfi</td>
    <td>Delft University of Technology, The Netherlands</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>Cristiano Maciel</td>
    <td>Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Brazil</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>Christian Østergaard Madsen</td>
    <td>IT University of Copenhagen, Denmark</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>Johan Magnusson</td>
    <td>University of Gothenburg, Sweden</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>Ricardo Matheus</td>
    <td>Delft University of Technology, The Netherlands</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>Keegan Mcbride</td>
    <td>Tallinn University of Technology, Estonia</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>John McNutt</td>
    <td>University of Delaware, USA</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>Rony Medaglia</td>
    <td>Copenhagen Business School, Denmark</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>Fritz Meiners</td>
    <td>Fraunhofer Institute, Germany</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>Ulf Melin</td>
    <td>Linköping University, Sweden</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>Tobias Mettler</td>
    <td>University of Lausanne, Switzerland</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>Morten Meyerhoff</td>
    <td>United Nations University, Portugal</td>
  </tr>
</table>
<table>
  <tr>
    <td>Jeremy Millard</td>
    <td>Third Millennium Governance, Denmark</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>Yuri Misnikov</td>
    <td>University of Leeds, UK</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>Gianluca Misuraca</td>
    <td>European Commission's Joint Research Centre, Belgium</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>Francesco Molinari</td>
    <td>University of Rijeka, Croatia</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>Francesco Mureddu</td>
    <td>Lisbon Council, Portugal</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>Michael Möstl</td>
    <td>Danube University Krems, Austria</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>Alessia Caterina Neuroni</td>
    <td>Bern University of Applied Sciences, Switzerland</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>Hanne-Westh Nicolajsen</td>
    <td>IT University of Copenhagen, Denmark</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>Mille Nielsen</td>
    <td>IT University of Copenhagen, Denmark</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>Peter Axel Nielsen</td>
    <td>Aalborg University, Denmark</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>Anastasija Nikiforova</td>
    <td>University of Latvia, Latvia</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>Anna-Sophie Novak</td>
    <td>Danube University Krems, Austria</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>Panos Panagiotopoulos</td>
    <td>Queen Mary University of London, UK</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>Darcy Parks</td>
    <td>Linköping University, Sweden</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>Peter Parycek</td>
    <td>Danube University Krems, Austria</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>Sergio Picazo-Vela</td>
    <td>Universidad de las Americas Puebla, Mexico</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>Sofie Pileman</td>
    <td>Linköping University, Sweden</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>Luiz Pereira Pinheiro Junior</td>
    <td>Universidade Positivo, Brazil</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>Kerley Pires</td>
    <td>United Nations University, Portugal</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>Florin Pop</td>
    <td>University Politehnica of Bucharest, Hungary</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>Anisah Herdiyanti Prabowo</td>
    <td>Delft University of Technology, The Netherlands</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>Peter Reichstädter</td>
    <td>Austrian Parliament, Austria</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>Nicolau Reinhard</td>
    <td>University of São Paulo, Brazil</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>Taiane Ritta Coelho</td>
    <td>Federal University of Parana, Brazil</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>A. Paula Rodríguez Müller</td>
    <td>KU Leuven, Belgium</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>Manuel Pedro Rodríguez Bolívar</td>
    <td>University of Granada, Spain</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>Alexander Ronzhyn</td>
    <td>University of Koblenz-Landau, Germany</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>Athanasia Routzouni</td>
    <td>University of the Aegean, Greece</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>Boriana Rukanova</td>
    <td>Delft University of Technology, The Netherlands</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>Per Runeson</td>
    <td>Lund University, Sweden</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>Michael Räckers</td>
    <td>University of Münster, Germany</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>Rodrigo Sandoval-Almazan</td>
    <td>Universidad Autonoma del Estado de Mexico, Mexico</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>Günter Schefbeck</td>
    <td>Austrian Parliament, Austria</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>Hans Jochen Scholl</td>
    <td>University of Washington, USA</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>Hendrik Scholta</td>
    <td>University of Münster, Germany</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>Harrie Scholtens</td>
    <td>European Institute of Public Administration, The Netherlands</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>Johannes Scholz</td>
    <td>Graz University of Technology, Austria</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>Judith Schossböck</td>
    <td>Danube University Krems, Austria</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>Luiza Schuch de Azambuja</td>
    <td>Tallinn University of Technology, Estonia</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>Erich Schweighofer</td>
    <td>University of Vienna, Austria</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>Johanna Sefyrin</td>
    <td>Linköping University, Sweden</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>Tobias Siebenlist</td>
    <td>Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Germany</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>Anthony Simonofski</td>
    <td>KU Leuven, Belgium</td>
  </tr>
</table>
Søren Skaarup

David Spacek

Vera Spitzer

Karin Steiner

Leif Sundberg

Iryna Susha

Proscovia Svärd

Øystein Sæbø

Fredrik Söderström

Efthimios Tambouris

Aurelia Tamo-Larrieux

Luca Tangi

Konstantinos Tarabanis

Luis Terán

Lörinc Thurnay

Jolien Ubacht

Mathias Van Compernolle

Sélinde van Engelenburg

Marco Velicogna

Gabriela Viale Pereira

Shefali Virkar

Cancan Wang

Frederika Welle Donker

Guilherme Wiedenhöft

Elin Wihlborg

Maija Ylinen

Chien-Chih Yu

Thomas Zefferer

Qinfeng Zhu

Anneke Zuiderwijk

IT University of Copenhagen, Denmark

Masaryk University, Czech Republic

University of Koblenz-Landau, Germany

Danube University Krems, Austria

Mid Sweden University, Sweden

Örebro University, Sweden

Mid Sweden University, Sweden

University of Agder, Norway

Linköpings University, Sweden

University of Macedonia, Greece

University of Zurich, Switzerland

Politecnico di Milano, Italy

University of Macedonia, Greece

University of Fribourg, Switzerland

Danube University Krems, Austria

Delft University of Technology, The Netherlands

Ghent University, Belgium

Delft University of Technology, The Netherlands

IRSIG-CNR, Italy

Danube University Krems, Austria

Danube University Krems, Austria

IT University of Copenhagen, Denmark

Knowledge Centre Open Data, The Netherlands

Federal University of Rio Grande, Brazil

Linköping University, Sweden

Tampere University of Technology, Finland

National Cheng Chi University, China

A-SIT Plus GmbH, Austria

University of Groningen, The Netherlands

Delft University of Technology, The Netherlands

**Additional Reviewers**

Michele Benedetti

Yannis Charalabidis

Jaewon Choi

Ruth Angelie Cruz

Alizée Francey

Mariana Gustafsson

Sangwook Ha

Karl Kristian Larsson

Junyeong Lee

Silvia Lips

Yu-lun Liu

Auriane Marmier

Claudio Russo

Janine Ulrich

Colin van Noordt

Gianluigi Viscusi

Dimitris Zeginis
# Contents

## eParticipation Developments

An Attempt to Build an eParticipation Program from Scratch: The Case of a District Municipality. 3

Csaba Csáki

Trust in Citizens and Forms of Political Participation: The View of Public Managers. 15

Joachim Åström and Martin Karlsson

## Digital Transformation

Investigation of Interoperability Governance: The Case of a Court Information System. 29

Epameinondas Troulinos and Efthimios Tambouris

Making e-Government Work: Learning from the Netherlands and Estonia. 41

Nitesh Bharosa, Silvia Lips, and Dirk Draheim

Theoretical Foundations for the Study of Social Innovation in the Public Sector. 54

Thomas M. Vogl

## Open Government and Transparency

Digital Transformation in the Context of the Open Government Partnership. 69

Noella Edelmann and Mary Francoli

What to Be Disclosed? Attributes of Online Games for the Market Transparency Policy. 81

Changwoo Suh, Byungtae Lee, Habin Lee, Youngseok Choi, and Sunghan Ryu

## User Perspectives

Analysing Legal Information Requirements for Public Policy Making. 95

Charalampos Alexopoulos, Shefali Virkar, Michalis Avgerinos Loutsaris, Anna-Sophie Novak, and Euripidis Loukis
<table><tr><td>Technology Mediated Citizenship: What Can We Learn from Library Practices</td><td>109</td></tr><tr><td>Mariana S. Gustafsson, Elin Wihlborg, and Johanna Sefyrin</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>eHealth in the Hood: Exploring Digital Participation in a Swedish Suburb</td><td>121</td></tr><tr><td>Karin Skill and Ahmed Kaharevic</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>"I'm Disabled and Married to a Foreign Single Mother". Public Service Chatbot's Advice on Citizens' Complex Lives</td><td>133</td></tr><tr><td>Linett Simonsen, Tina Steinstø, Guri Verne, and Tone Bratteteig</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Author Index</td><td>147</td></tr></table>