# Make it Happen – Carrying out Research and Analysing Data (PARTHENOS Webinar)

George Bruseker, Carlo Meghini

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George Bruseker, Carlo Meghini. Make it Happen – Carrying out Research and Analysing Data (PARTHENOS Webinar). 3rd cycle. Germany. 2018. cel-01767716

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PARTHENOS
Pooling Activities, Resources and Tools
for Heritage E-research Networking
Optimization and Synergies

Make it Happen -
Carrying out Research
and Analysing Data

(George Bruseker & Carlo Meghini)

A Webinar of the PARTHENOS
eHumanities and eHeritage Series

Picture: Linking Open Data cloud diagram 2017, by Andrejs Abele, John P. McCrae, Paul Buitelaar, Anja Jentzsch and Richard Cyganiak. http://lod-cloud.net/ CC-BY-SA

Webinar start: 05.04.2018, 11:00 CEST

Moderation: Ulrike Wuttke

(University of Applied Sciences Potsdam)

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Fachhochschule Potsdam
University of
Applied Sciences

Join the conversation on Twitter:

#PARTHENOSWebinar

@Parthenos_EU
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PARTHENOS

Pooling Activities, Resources and Tools
for Heritage E-Research Networking,
Optimization and Synergies

<figure><img src="image_5.png" /></figure>

Fachhochschule Potsdam
University of
Applied Sciences

# PARTHENOS eHumanities and eHeritage Webinar Series

Make it Happen
- Carrying out
Research and
Analysing Data

George Bruseker
(FORCE, Greece) &
Carlo Meghini (CNR, Italy)

<figure><img src="image_6.png" /></figure>

Date and Time: 05.04.2028, 11:00 - 12:00 CEST

Moderation: Ulrike Wuttke
(University of Applied Sciences Potsdam)

Join the conversation on Twitter:
#PARTHENOSWebinar

@Parthenos_EU

<figure><img src="image_7.png" /></figure>

Unless otherwise stated this work is licensed under a [Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

Graphic: Otto, the Open Access Otter CC-BY 4.0, Katja Diederichs
## Some Housekeeping...

* As a participant you will be **muted** and not be seen throughout the webinar.

* For **questions** and **remarks** please use the **chat**. For questions, please use the word **question**.

* Your questions are going to be answered by the trainers during / after the presentation.

* If you have **sound problems**, please test your technical settings. You have to click on the **speaker symbol** on top to to be able to hear (it has to be **green**).

* **Help us improve:** Follow up e-mail with a link to a short **feedback survey**.
<figure><img src="image_8.png" /></figure>

# Some words about PARTHENOS...

* **PARTHENOS** stands for: Pooling Activities, Resources and Tools for Heritage eResearch Networking, Optimization and Synergies

* PARTHENOS is a **Horizon 2020** project with the aim to **strengthen the cohesion of Heritage related E-research**

* Running time: 1 May 2015 - 30 April 2019

* PARTHENOS has 16 partners from 9 European countries

* PARTHENOS Coordinator: PIN Scrl (Italy)

* The PARTHENOS webinar series is a **cross PARTHENOS training effort**

<figure><img src="image_9.png" /></figure>
Which country are you participating from?

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Cartography OpenStreetMap, licensed as CC BY-SA [copyright page]( copyright page).
# Make it Happen –
Carrying Out Research and Analysing Data

## Trainers

<figure><img src="image_11.png" /><figcaption>**George Bruseker**
(FORTH, Greece)</figcaption></figure>

<figure><img src="image_12.png" /><figcaption>**Carlo Meghini**
(CNR, Italy)</figcaption></figure>

## Moderation

<figure><img src="image_13.png" /></figure>

Fachhochschule Potsdam
University of
Applied Sciences

<figure><img src="image_14.png" /><figcaption>**Dr Ulrike Wuttke**
(University of
Applied Sciences
Potsdam,
Germany)</figcaption></figure>
# "MAKE IT HAPPEN"

CARRYING OUT RESEARCH AND ANALYSING
DATA in a Research Infrastructure

A Webinar of the Parthenos eHumanities and eHeritage Series
Webinar Programme

1. Benefits and Challenges of Research Infrastructures for Researchers

2. Technical Challenges to Setting up an Effective RI and the Parthenos Proposition

3. Step-by-Step of the Research-Register-Research, On-demand Integration Cycle
The Journey

<figure><img src="image_15.png" /><figcaption>Martin Grandjean, Henri Bergson et les paradoxes de Zénon : Achille battu par la tortue ? [WikiMedia Commons, CC-BY SA4.0.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Zeno_Achilles_Paradox.png)</figcaption></figure>

<figure><img src="image_16.png" /><figcaption>Gordon Joly. Be more tortoise and less hare. Flickr. CC-BY SA2.0. [https://www.flickr.com/photos/loopzilla/26687633281](https://www.flickr.com/photos/loopzilla/26687633281)</figcaption></figure>
# 1. Benefits and Challenges of Research Infrastructures for Researchers
# What is a Research Infrastructure

A complex IT system, set up and constantly enriched by a research organization to provide its scientific community with digital resources for conducting research.

A virtual doppleganger of the real community

## Resources:

* Data and Knowledge, including scientific literature

* Data and Knowledge Processing Tools

* Services

* Authentication, Authorization, Accounting

* User and Community Management

* Resource Discovery and Access

* Virtual Research Environments

* ... and more
Poll: Are you happy with the data, tools and services you have access to?
# Research in an RI Context - Benefits

<table><thead><tr><th></th><th></th><th></th><th></th><th></th><th></th><th></th><th></th><th></th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>Name</td><td>Sex</td><td>Fold</td><td>Pulse</td><td>Age</td><td>Clap</td><td>Exer</td><td>Smoke</td><td>Health</td></tr><tr><td>Label</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Type</td><td>Factor</td><td>Factor</td><td>Number</td><td>Number</td><td>Factor</td><td>Factor</td><td>Factor</td><td>Number</td></tr><tr><td>Format</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Levels</td><td>Female#...</td><td>Left R#...</td><td></td><td></td><td>Left#,#...</td><td>Freq#,#...</td><td>Heavy#,...</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>1</td><td>Female</td><td>Left R</td><td>92</td><td>18.25</td><td>Left</td><td>Some</td><td>Never</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>2</td><td>Male</td><td>Left R</td><td>104</td><td>17.583</td><td>Left</td><td>None</td><td>Regular</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>3</td><td>Male</td><td>Left R</td><td>87</td><td>16.917</td><td>Neither</td><td>None</td><td>Occas</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>4</td><td>Male</td><td>Left R</td><td></td><td>20.333</td><td>Neither</td><td>None</td><td>Never</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>5</td><td>Male</td><td>Neither</td><td>35</td><td>23.667</td><td>Right</td><td>Some</td><td>Never</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>6</td><td>Female</td><td>Left R</td><td>64</td><td>21</td><td>Right</td><td>Some</td><td>Never</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>7</td><td>Male</td><td>Left R</td><td>83</td><td>18.833</td><td>Right</td><td>Freq</td><td>Never</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>8</td><td>Female</td><td>Left R</td><td>74</td><td>35.833</td><td>Right</td><td>Freq</td><td>Never</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>9</td><td>Male</td><td>Left R</td><td>72</td><td>19</td><td>Right</td><td>Some</td><td>Never</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>10</td><td>Male</td><td>Left R</td><td>90</td><td>22.333</td><td>Right</td><td>Some</td><td>Never</td><td></td></tr></tbody></table>

Unknown. Picture of Dataset. Wikimedia Commons. GNU. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Dataset-survey_R-MASS_package.png

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Richard Cyganiak and Anja Jentzsch. Picture of LOD. Wikimedia Commons. CC-ASA 3.0. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Lod-datasets_2009-07-14.svg

## Shared Datasets
# Research in an RI Context - Benefits

<figure><img src="image_19.png" /><figcaption>José-Manuel Benito Álvarez, Picture of Stone Tools, Wikipedia, CC BY-SA 2.5 https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/32/Chopping_tool.gif</figcaption></figure>

<caption>Unknown. Picture of Tools as 'Tools', Pxhere.com CC 0 https://c.pxhere.com/photos/a9/84/tools_logo_workEquipment_pictorial_letters_image_letters_tool_setEquipment-1347523.jpg</caption>

## Shared Tools
Research in an RI Context - Benefits

<figure><img src="image_20.png" /><figcaption>Four Blair Services Pvt. Ltd., Graphic Representing Services. Wikimedia, CC ASA 4.0
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Services4.png</figcaption></figure>

Shared Services
Research in an RI Context? - Ends

<figure><img src="image_21.png" /></figure>

Unknown. Graphic of Sharing Economy. Escuela de Organizacion Industrial. Unknown
http://www.eoi.es/blogs/imsd/what-you-have-is-what-i-need-collaborative-economy/

Efficient and Trustworthy Sharing of Knowledge
# Research in an RI Context? - Problems

## Lack of:

- Visibility of Resources

- Standards

- Shared/sharing Culture

<figure><img src="image_22.png" /><figcaption>Hans Hillewaert. Graphic of Acquifer. Wikimedia Commons. CC ASA 3.0 https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Acquifer_tr.svg</figcaption></figure>

<figure><img src="image_23.png" /><figcaption>Agnico-Eagle. Photograph of Gold bars created by Agnico-Eagle. Wikimedia Commons. CC0 1.0 https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Gold_Bars.jpg</figcaption></figure>

<figure><img src="image_24.png" /><figcaption>Pixabay. Graphic of Sharing. Pixabay. CC0 1.0 https://pixabay.com/en/child-kid-sharing-friendship-game-145067</figcaption></figure>
Move to RI based Research Requires

<figure><img src="image_25.png" /></figure>

4. Deploy Critical Scholarly Apparatus in Virtual Research Environment

3. Common Workflows

2. Common Research Infrastructure Context

1. Shared General Priorities

<caption>Unknown. Fig. 146 in Manual of Egyptian archaeology and guide to the study of antiquities in Egypt. For the use of students and travellers. Flickr. Unknown. https://www.flickr.com/photos/internetarchivebookimages/14589744169/</caption>
2. Technical Challenges to
Setting up an Effective RI
and the Parthenos
Proposition
Poll: What percentage of your time do you devote to downloading, installing, configuring, and maintaining IT tools or trying to understand and clean existing datasets for your research?
# How do we get there?
## Meeting the Info Integration Challenge

1. Unknown. Graphic Representing Actors. Pixabay. CC0
https://pixabay.com/en/business-team-people-group-894846/
2. Unknown. Graphic Representing Actors. Pixabay. CC0
https://pixabay.com/en/objects-thingsicons-beach-sun-1315199/
3. Moini. Graphic Representing Tools on the wall. Public Domain Files. None.
http://www publicdomainfiles com /show_file.php?id=13526406018618
4. Unknown. Graphic Representing Actors. Pixabay. CC0
https://pixabay.com/en/arrow-target-range-bullseye-sport-2889040/

Data are inherently heterogeneous
owing, inter alia, to the diversity of:

<figure><img src="image_26.png" /><figcaption>Actors₁</figcaption></figure>

<figure><img src="image_27.png" /><figcaption>Objects₂</figcaption></figure>

<figure><img src="image_28.png" /><figcaption>Tools₃</figcaption></figure>

<figure><img src="image_29.png" /><figcaption>Goals₄</figcaption></figure>

<figure><img src="image_30.png" /><figcaption>motivates</figcaption></figure>

## Common Information Integration Solutions

<table><thead><tr><td></td><td>Minimalist</td><td>Maximalist</td></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>Core Fields</td><td>Few or None</td><td>Comprehensive</td></tr><tr><td>Extensibility</td><td>Open</td><td>Closed</td></tr><tr><td>Advantages</td><td>Light, Flexible, Expressive</td><td>Complete and comprehensive for its time</td></tr><tr><td>Disadvantages</td><td>Weak Automated Integration, difficulty of maintenance</td><td>Heavy conversion and update price, unevenness of source data, takes a strong position</td></tr></tbody></table>
# Info Integration Challenge and the Supermarket Bias

<figure><img src="image_31.png" /><figcaption>TheeErin, Picutre of Planking in Supermarket, Wikimedia Commons, CC ASA 2.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Planking_in超级market.jpg</figcaption></figure>

Information Integration perceived as:

- List of Items

- Maximalist List

- Minimalist List

But this is **not adequate for** science and **scholarship**. We need to know:

- Where it came from?

- How was it made?

- Who is responsible for it?

- How can we learn more about it?

Not a list of items, but a picture of a scientific/scholarly environment.
# Down with the Catalogue, Up with the Register!

<figure><img src="image_32.png" /></figure>

Services

<figure><img src="image_33.png" /></figure>

Projects

An adequate Data or Conceptual Model for RIs should provide a framework for describing and mapping basic relations that hold between:

Services, Actors, Projects, Datasets, Software, Research Infrastructures

This will **provide** not yet another aggregation but a picture of the research infrastructure and information integration landscape itself to identify, support and build useful and sustainable aggregations.

<figure><img src="image_34.png" /></figure>

Datasets

<figure><img src="image_35.png" /></figure>

Research
Infrastructures

This picture serves the function of determining what has been integrated, where and by who and gives the ability to plan and managed the continuous activity of multiple integrations for different purposes

<figure><img src="image_36.png" /></figure>

Software

<figure><img src="image_37.png" /></figure>

Actors
# Parthenos Entities

<figure><img src="image_38.png" /></figure>
# Research Infrastructure Components for Scholarship

A register linked to an aggregation environment supports targeted, on-demand integration of datasets, software and services in VREs for scholars to carry out critically grounded research.

<figure><img src="image_39.png" /></figure>
# What's a VRE?

A complex IT system, made available by one or more RIs for a designated research community to collaboratively conduct research on a specific theme.

The members of the designated community find in the VRE the digital resources:

* Data and Knowledge, including scientific literature

* Data and Knowledge Processing Tools

* Services

that they need for their activity. These digital resources are provided by the underlying RIs.
In their most general form, VREs have an overarching role, enabling interoperation across RIs

<figure><img src="image_40.png" /></figure>

* Courtesy of the VRE4EIC
Project: www.vre4eic.eu
3. Step-by-Step of the Research - Register - Research on-demand integration Cycle
<figure><img src="image_41.png" /><figcaption># The Research and Register Data Cycle Overview</figcaption></figure>
# 1. Register Resources

This step is the foundation of all further research. It establishes the basic knowledge of who holds what data, how it was produced, and how it can be accessed.

<figure><img src="image_42.png" /></figure>

Unknown. Graphic Representing Registration. Pixabay. CC0
https://pixabay.com/en/register-keyboard-257986/

Tools
General

* Spreadsheet

* RDMS

* Triple Store

Particular

* G-Spreadsheets

* Drupal

* OrientDB

## Resources

* Parthenos Minimal Metadata Recommendation

* Basic G-Spreadsheets
# 1. Register Resources

<figure><img src="image_43.png" /></figure>

ABOUT EHRI

NEWS & EVENTS

EHRI TRAINING

EHRI PUBLICATIONS

ONLINE RESOURCES

Contact Home

<figure><img src="image_44.png" /></figure>

EUROPEAN HOLOCAUST
RESEARCH INFRASTRUCTURE

<figure><img src="image_45.png" /></figure>

SEARCH

LATEST NEWS

https://www.ehri-project.eu/

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Parthenos Registry Top Level

<figure><img src="image_51.png" /></figure>

File Edit View Insert Format Data Tools Add-ons Help

Add-ons Help

Help

Last edit was made 8 days ago by Maria Theodoridou

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EHRI Portal

<table><thead><tr><th></th><th>A</th><th>B</th><th>C</th><th>D</th><th>E</th><th>F</th><th>G</th><th>H</th><th>I</th><th>J</th><th>K</th><th>L</th><th>M</th><th>N</th><th>O</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>1</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>competenc<br>e1</td><td>competenc<br>e2</td><td>competenc<br>e3</td><td>Provided<br>by</td><td>Provided<br>by2</td><td>Provided<br>by3</td><td>Declared<br>Begin/End<br>of<br>operation</td><td>Last<br>confirmation</td><td>Date of<br>Registration<br>(w/Partners)</td><td>Availability</td><td>Conditions<br>of<br>use/rights<br>Type</td><td>Conditions<br>of Use</td></tr><tr><td>14</td><td>PE17</td><td>11</td><td>EHRI Portal</td><td>The EHRI portal offers access to information on Holocaust-related archival material held in institutions across Europe and beyond.</td><td>Holocaust<br>Related Archive<br>Material</td><td></td><td></td><td>EHRI<br>Consortium</td><td></td><td></td><td>2015</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>https://i-proj.s</td></tr></tbody></table>

<figure><img src="image_55.png" /></figure>

EHRI Portal Dataset

<table><thead><tr><th></th><th>C</th><th>D</th><th>E</th><th>F</th><th>G</th><th>H</th><th>I</th><th>J</th><th>K</th><th>L</th><th>M</th><th>N</th><th>O</th><th>P</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>1</td><td>Title</td><td>Description</td><td>Part of</td><td>Hosted by</td><td>Curated by</td><td>Curation Plan</td><td>Encoding Type</td><td>Encoding Type 2</td><td>Schema/Forma<br>t</td><td>Schema/Forma<br>t2</td><td>Schema/Forma<br>t3</td><td>subject1</td><td>subject2</td><td>Subject3</td></tr><tr><td>14</td><td>EHRI Portal<br>Dataset</td><td>The EHRI portal offers access to information on Holocaust-related archival material held in institutions across Europe and beyond.</td><td></td><td>EHRI Portal</td><td>EHRI Portal</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>EAD</td><td></td><td>Holocaust Related Archive<br>Material</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr></tbody></table>
## 2. Data Mapping and Transformation

This step is used both to enrich the initial registry as well as to populate VREs with particular highly integrated datasets based on a useful local standard.

<figure><img src="image_56.png" /></figure>

Beijing Tongzhou Modern International New City Investment and Operation Bureau, 通州新城规划图. Wikimedia Commons. Public Domain.
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Tongzhou_New_City_Plan_mapping_03.jpg

### Tools

General

* Mapping Tool

* Transform Engine

* Data Cleaning

* Vocabularies Management

* Aggregation Manager

Particular

* X3ML Toolkit

* Themas Vocabulary Manager

* D-Net

### Resources

* Parthenos Entities Document

* Parthenos Minimal Metadata Document

* CIDOC CRM
## 2. Data Mapping and Transformation

<figure><img src="image_57.png" /><figcaption>### MAPPING</figcaption></figure>

<figure><img src="image_58.png" /><figcaption>### Data Inspection and Cleaning</figcaption></figure>

<figure><img src="image_59.png" /></figure>
## 3. Resource Analysis

This step proceeds to an analysis of the available resources in relation to research questions. It considers the available data sources and their formats as well as the tools available and their ability to work with certain formats.

<figure><img src="image_60.png" /></figure>

Unknown. Graphic Representing Analysis. Pixabay. CC0
https://pixabay.com/en/problem-analysis-mark-marker-hand-449368/

### Tools

General

- Registry

- Research Questions

Particular

- Your Registry

- Your Research Questions

### Resources

- Parthenos Minimal Metadata
## 3. Resource Analysis

<figure><img src="image_61.png" /></figure>

<figure><img src="image_62.png" /></figure>
## 4. VRE Setup and Population

This setup establishes a custom environment for plugging in available services and tools to work on harmonized and integrated datasets.

<figure><img src="image_63.png" /></figure>

Unknown. Graphic Representing ViRE. Pixabay. CC0
https://pixabay.com/en/linked-connected-network-team-152575/

### Tools

<table><thead><tr><th>General</th><th>Particular</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td><ul><li>VRE Software Platform</li></ul></td><td><ul><li>D4Science</li></ul></td></tr></tbody></table>

### Resources

* [D4Science Documentation](#)
The D4Science VREs' of Carlo

<figure><img src="image_64.png" /></figure>
## 5. Research, Results, Register

Using the resources deployed in the VRE, researchers carry out primary research generating new datasets and then re-register them to the overall system register. This creates fully provenanced knowledge.

<figure><img src="image_65.png" /></figure>

Unknown. Graphic Representing Virtual Research. Pixabay. CC0 https://pixabay.com/en/face-faces-dialogue-talk-psyche-3189805/

### Tools

General

* As per research goal

Particular

* As per research goal

### Resources

* Domain dependent
Poll: What are the chief benefits you hope from an RI?
# Conclusions

1. Share and Understand Priorities

2. Build the data foundations, build the knowledge foundations (register what you have and what you know)

3. From the foundations extend your knowledge through targeted VREs

4. Slow but steady cross the infinite distance

<figure><img src="image_66.png" /></figure>
Questions & Answers

<figure><img src="image_67.png" /><figcaption>(Picture CCO https://pixabay.com/photo-2999583/)</figcaption></figure>
# Announcements

* **Next PARTHENOS webinar:**

* **24.04.2018, 13:00 CEST:**
    Boost your eHumanities and eHeritage research with Research Infrastructures (Darja Fišer, Ulrike Wuttke)

* **New PARTHENOS Training Suite module:**
Manage, Improve and Open Up Your Research and Data

* **PARTHENOS YouTube Channel:** e.g.
PARTHENOS TRAINING: Ontologies Explained (in 5 minutes or less) (with Kristen Schuster, KCL)

* **PARTHENOS Webinar Workshop** at the European Summer University in Digital Humanities 2018 (ESU), Leipzig:
How Research Infrastructures empower eHumanities and eHeritage Research(ers)
Questions & Answers

<figure><img src="image_68.png" /><figcaption>(Picture CCO https://pixabay.com/photo-2999583/)</figcaption></figure>
Thank you for joining us!

✓ Please help us improving the PARTHENOS Webinar Series and fill out the short Feedback Survey that we'll sent you in a follow-up e-mail.

<figure><img src="image_69.png" /></figure>

(Picture: CCO https://pixabay.com/photo-1889007/)
<figure><img src="image_70.png" /></figure>

PARTHENOS

Pooling Activities, Resources and Tools
for Heritage E-Research Networking,
Optimization and Synergies

<figure><img src="image_71.png" /></figure>

Fachhochschule Potsdam
University of
Applied Sciences

PARTHENOS eHumanities and eHeritage Webinar Series

Moderation and
Contact:

Dr Ulrike Wuttke
(University of Applied
Sciences Potsdam)

wuttke@fh-potsdam.de

Twitter: @UWuttke

www.parthenos-project.eu

www.fh-potsdam.de

<figure><img src="image_72.png" /></figure>

Join the conversation on Twitter:

#PARTHENOSWebinar

@Parthenos_EU

<figure><img src="image_73.png" /></figure>

Unless otherwise stated this work is licensed under a [Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

Graphic: Otto, the Open Access Otter CC-BY 4.0, Katja Diederichs