<figure><img src="image_7.png" /><figcaption>**B. Phase-amplitude coupling**</figcaption></figure>

<figure><img src="image_8.png" /><figcaption>**Figure 4. Predicting ASD severity from EEG oscillatory activity.**</figcaption></figure>

(A)prediction accuracy of ASD symptom severity using the EEG power, neural tracking based on all electrodes)

(B)prediction accuracy of ASD symptom severity using the phase-amplitude coupling (cluster-based)

The red line shows the chance level determined by an inverse binomial distribution. For the exact location of clusters, see topographies on top of panel B.
<figure><img src="image_9.png" /><figcaption>B. Neural tracking</figcaption></figure>

<figure><img src="image_10.png" /></figure>

<figure><img src="image_11.png" /><figcaption>C. Phase-amplitude coupling (mid-central electrodes and posterior-occipital electrodes)</figcaption></figure>

<figure><img src="image_12.png" /></figure>

<figure><img src="image_13.png" /><figcaption>D. Language reception prediction from beta/gamma coupling</figcaption></figure>

<figure><img src="image_14.png" /><figcaption>**Figure 5.** Predicting development level in young children from EEG oscillatory activity using a regularized linear model (Lasso).</figcaption></figure>

(A and B) Low-gamma power significantly predicts Language expression in TD (A), delta-/theta-tracking significantly predict all tested cognitive components but language reception for theta tracking in ASD, and none in TD (B). (C) Theta/low-gamma PAC specifically predicted language reception in TD (C), whereas beta/low-gamma specifically predicted language reception in young children with ASD (C, left panel). R2 values represent the proportion of the
variance that is explained by the features for each target variable. (D) Language reception prediction from beta-gamma coupling (r=-0.33, P = 0.04).

Asterisks indicate the significant R2, P<0.05; β refers to low-beta, γ refers to low-gamma. For exact locations of clusters, see topographies on top of each panel in C. The missing bars indicate the R2 is close to zero. See also Supplementary Fig.5