# Exploring the Inter-Individual Variability in Response to Food in Seniors Living at Home: The MetabotypAGE Project

Claudine Manach, Cécile Gladine, Christine Morand, Laurent Mosoni, Estelle Pujos-Guillot, Didier Rémond, Sergio Polakof

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## To cite this version:

Claudine Manach, Cécile Gladine, Christine Morand, Laurent Mosoni, Estelle Pujos-Guillot, et al. "Exploring the Inter-Individual Variability in Response to Food in Seniors Living at Home: The MetabotypAGE Project." The 14th European Nutrition Conference FENS 2023 Belgrade, Serbia, Proceedings, 2024, 10.3390/proceedings2023091332. [https://hal-04521895](https://hal-inrae.fr/hal-04521895)

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# Exploring the Inter-Individual Variability in Response to Food in Seniors Living at Home: The MetabotypAGE Project

Claudine Manach, Cécile Gladine, Christine Morand, Laurent Mosoni, Estelle Pujos-Guillot, Didier Rémond, Sergio Polakof

► To cite this version:

Claudine Manach, Cécile Gladine, Christine Morand, Laurent Mosoni, Estelle Pujos-Guillot, et al. Exploring the Inter-Individual Variability in Response to Food in Seniors Living at Home: The MetabotypAGE Project. The 14th European Nutrition Conference FENS 2023 Belgrade, Serbia, Proceedings, 2024, 10.3390/proceedings2023091332. [https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2023091332](https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2023091332)

HAL Id: hal-04521895

https://hal.inrae.fr/hal-04521895v1

Submitted on 26 Mar 2024

HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access
archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci-
entific research documents, whether they are pub-
lished or not. The documents may come from
teaching and research institutions in France or
abroad, or from public or private research centers.

L'archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est
destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents
scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non,
émanant des établissements d'enseignement et de
recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires
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Distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License
Abstract

# Exploring the Inter-Individual Variability in Response to Food in Seniors Living at Home: The MetabotypAGE Project †

Claudine Manach *, Cécile Gladine, Christine Morand ID, Laurent Mosoni, Estelle Pujos-Guillot ID, Didier Rémond and Sergio Polakof ID

Human Nutrition Unit, Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France;
cecile.gladine@inrae.fr (C.G.); christine.morand@inrae.fr (C.M.); laurent.mosoni@inrae.fr (L.M.);
estelle.pujos-guillot@inrae.fr (E.P.-G.); didier.remond@inrae.fr (D.R.); sergio.polakof@inrae.fr (S.P.)

* Correspondence: claudine.manach@inrae.fr

† Presented at the 14th European Nutrition Conference FENS 2023, Belgrade, Serbia, 14–17 November 2023.

**Abstract:** There is a high inter-individual variability in response to food, determined by multiple interacting factors, such as age, sex, genotype, gut microbiota, eating behaviours, physical activity or socio-demographic factors. Previous studies demonstrated the possibility to predict the postprandial glycemic response to food in healthy adults based on deep phenotyping. We hypothesize that inter-individual variability may be amplified at later ages, as a result of different life trajectories and long-life exposures. The MetabotypAGE project proposes exploring the inter-individual variability in response to food in the elderly (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier NCT06163794). The first interdisciplinary task aimed to establish the best tools and methods to recruit a large highly diverse group of subjects including those living in rural areas, and to carry out deep phenotyping adapted to the older population living at home. The second objective of MetabotypAGE is an exploratory study on 150 healthy people aged 60 to 75, who will wear a CGM for 2 weeks, during which they will eat four standardized test meals. Their post-prandial glycemia will be followed after the test meals. Furthermore, their metabolic flexibility will be assessed with a nutritional challenge test (type PhenFlex) at the clinical center. Volunteers will be extensively phenotyped with a battery of functional tests (physical aptitude, gustatory, olfactory and masticatory function, cognition, vascular function...), analyses on plasma, PBMC, urine, feces and saliva (biochemical, transcriptomics, metagenomics, and metabolomics) and >30 questionnaires to cover many dimensions including their metabolism, physical capacity, socio-economical status, cognitive function, digestive function, and dietary habits. The volunteers will be classified in various metabotypes using clustering methods, based on the glycemic responses to test meals. Then, the multidimensional data collected will be used (i) to characterize the metabotypes (descriptive statistics) and (ii) to explore links between postprandial response to the test meals and the subjects' descriptive data, using correlation networks based on a Gaussian Graphical Model method. The MetabotypAGE consortium combines partners with complementary skills in nutrition and health of the elderly, several clinical research structures, and local players in social action for senior citizens. Our ultimate goal is to lay solid bases for the development of tailor-made recommendations for seniors.

**Keywords:** deep-phenotyping; seniors; post-prandial glycemia; precision nutrition

<figure><img src="image_3.png" /></figure>

check for
updates

**Citation:** Manach, C.; Gladine, C.; Morand, C.; Mosoni, L.; Pujos-Guillot, E.; Rémond, D.; Polakof, S. Exploring the Inter-Individual Variability in Response to Food in Seniors Living at Home: The MetabotypAGE Project. *Proceedings* 2023, *91*, 332. https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2023091332

Academic Editors: Sladjana Sobajic and Philip Calder

Published: 19 February 2024

<figure><img src="image_4.png" /></figure>

**Copyright:** © 2024 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

**Author Contributions:** C.M. (Claudine Manach) and S.P.: funding acquisition and project administration. C.M. (Claudine Manach), C.G., C.M. (Christine Morand), L.M., E.P.-G., D.R. and S.P. contributed to conceptualization, methodology, resources. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.

**Funding:** This work was financially supported by the INRAE Institution grant.
Abstract

# Exploring the Inter-Individual Variability in Response to Food in Seniors Living at Home: The MetabotypAGE Project †

Claudine Manach *, Cécile Gladine, Christine Morand ID, Laurent Mosoni, Estelle Pujos-Guillot ID, Didier Rémond and Sergio Polakof ID

Human Nutrition Unit, Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France;
cecile.gladine@inrae.fr (C.G.); christine.morand@inrae.fr (C.M.); laurent.mosoni@inrae.fr (L.M.);
estelle.pujos-guillot@inrae.fr (E.P.-G.); didier.remond@inrae.fr (D.R.); sergio.polakof@inrae.fr (S.P.)

* Correspondence: claudine.manach@inrae.fr

† Presented at the 14th European Nutrition Conference FENS 2023, Belgrade, Serbia, 14–17 November 2023.

**Abstract:** There is a high inter-individual variability in response to food, determined by multiple interacting factors, such as age, sex, genotype, gut microbiota, eating behaviours, physical activity or socio-demographic factors. Previous studies demonstrated the possibility to predict the postprandial glycemic response to food in healthy adults based on deep phenotyping. We hypothesize that inter-individual variability may be amplified at later ages, as a result of different life trajectories and long-life exposures. The MetabotypAGE project proposes exploring the inter-individual variability in response to food in the elderly (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier NCT06163794). The first interdisciplinary task aimed to establish the best tools and methods to recruit a large highly diverse group of subjects including those living in rural areas, and to carry out deep phenotyping adapted to the older population living at home. The second objective of MetabotypAGE is an exploratory study on 150 healthy people aged 60 to 75, who will wear a CGM for 2 weeks, during which they will eat four standardized test meals. Their post-prandial glycemia will be followed after the test meals. Furthermore, their metabolic flexibility will be assessed with a nutritional challenge test (type PhenFlex) at the clinical center. Volunteers will be extensively phenotyped with a battery of functional tests (physical aptitude, gustatory, olfactory and masticatory function, cognition, vascular function...), analyses on plasma, PBMC, urine, feces and saliva (biochemical, transcriptomics, metagenomics, and metabolomics) and >30 questionnaires to cover many dimensions including their metabolism, physical capacity, socio-economical status, cognitive function, digestive function, and dietary habits. The volunteers will be classified in various metabotypes using clustering methods, based on the glycemic responses to test meals. Then, the multidimensional data collected will be used (i) to characterize the metabotypes (descriptive statistics) and (ii) to explore links between postprandial response to the test meals and the subjects' descriptive data, using correlation networks based on a Gaussian Graphical Model method. The MetabotypAGE consortium combines partners with complementary skills in nutrition and health of the elderly, several clinical research structures, and local players in social action for senior citizens. Our ultimate goal is to lay solid bases for the development of tailor-made recommendations for seniors.

**Keywords:** deep-phenotyping; seniors; post-prandial glycemia; precision nutrition

**Author Contributions:** C.M. (Claudine Manach) and S.P.: funding acquisition and project administration. C.M. (Claudine Manach), C.G., C.M. (Christine Morand), L.M., E.P.-G., D.R. and S.P. contributed to conceptualization, methodology, resources. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.

**Funding:** This work was financially supported by the INRAE Institution grant.

<figure><img src="image_2.png" /></figure>

check for
updates

**Citation:** Manach, C.; Gladine, C.; Morand, C.; Mosoni, L.; Pujos-Guillot, E.; Rémond, D.; Polakof, S. Exploring the Inter-Individual Variability in Response to Food in Seniors Living at Home: The MetabotypAGE Project. *Proceedings* 2023, 91, 332. https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2023091332

Academic Editors: Sladjana Sobajic and Philip Calder

Published: 19 February 2024

<figure><img src="image_3.png" /></figure>

**Copyright:** © 2024 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
**Institutional Review Board Statement:** Comité de protection des personnes Ouest VI (SI ID 23.00861.000213; IDRCB 2023-A01102-43).

**Informed Consent Statement:** Written informed consent was obtained from all subjects involved in the study.

**Data Availability Statement:** Not applicable.

**Conflicts of Interest:** The authors declare no conflict of interest.

**Disclaimer/Publisher's Note:** The statements, opinions and data contained in all publications are solely those of the individual author(s) and contributor(s) and not of MDPI and/or the editor(s). MDPI and/or the editor(s) disclaim responsibility for any injury to people or property resulting from any ideas, methods, instructions or products referred to in the content.
**Institutional Review Board Statement:** Comité de protection des personnes Ouest VI (SI ID 23.00861.000213; IDRCB 2023-A01102-43).

**Informed Consent Statement:** Written informed consent was obtained from all subjects involved in the study.

**Data Availability Statement:** Not applicable.

**Conflicts of Interest:** The authors declare no conflict of interest.

**Disclaimer/Publisher's Note:** The statements, opinions and data contained in all publications are solely those of the individual author(s) and contributor(s) and not of MDPI and/or the editor(s). MDPI and/or the editor(s) disclaim responsibility for any injury to people or property resulting from any ideas, methods, instructions or products referred to in the content.