# The Recommended Network of Semantic Resources for the Food Supply Chain

Bernadette Durand, Catherine Roussey

<figure><img src="image_1.png" /></figure>

► To cite this version:

Bernadette Durand, Catherine Roussey. The Recommended Network of Semantic Resources for the Food Supply Chain. 2026, 9 p. 10.5281/zenodo.17249682. hal-05461334

HAL Id: hal-05461334

https://hal.science/hal-05461334v1

Submitted on 16 Jan 2026

HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access
archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci-
entific research documents, whether they are pub-
lished or not. The documents may come from
teaching and research institutions in France or
abroad, or from public or private research centers.

L'archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est
destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents
scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non,
émanant des établissements d'enseignement et de
recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires
publics ou privés.

<figure><img src="image_2.png" /></figure>
<figure><img src="image_3.png" /></figure>

Transparency solutions for transforming the food system

Recommended
Network of
Semantic
Resources for the
Food Supply Chain
# Network of Semantic Resources for the Food Supply Chain

## Introduction

The recommended semantic resources that make up the network of shared semantic resources for the agricultural and food supply chains creates a **standardized, interoperable framework** that integrates and harmonizes data across stakeholders.

## Purpose

Data integration and interoperability across food supply chain actors—and ultimately, all supply chains—can be achieved by adopting shared semantic resources. This ensures that all stakeholders interpret data and its relationships uniformly, enabling seamless communication and collaboration.

**This also gives rise to:**

* Traceability and Transparency

* Circular Economy Enablement

* Resource Efficiency and Sustainability

* Regulatory Compliance and Reporting

* Sustainable Finance (ESG)

* Innovation and Advanced Technologies

* Resilience and Crisis Management

## How to use this document

**Data managers, software engineers and developers:**

To navigate the diagram (on the following page), click on the desired section to make your selection. This will direct you to the corresponding page containing relevant semantic resources and related topics. You may return to the diagram from any section.

1. **General Supply Chain:** Select this section on the diagram to access general resources applicable to all supply chain actors.

2. **Sector Selection:** Choose the food supply chain sector(s) that align with your enterprise's or association's activities.

3. **Transporters:** Select this section to view general resources useful for all supply chain actors that require the use of transportation.

4. **Regulators:** Click this section to access resources pertaining to regulations and reporting.

5. **Tools:** Select this section to explore tools related to semantic resources and hetnets.
<figure><img src="image_4.png" /><figcaption>Network of Semantic Resources for the Food Supply Chain</figcaption></figure>

<figure><img src="image_5.png" /></figure>

TITAN

<figure><img src="image_6.png" /></figure>
# PRODUCTION

## NAMING

* AGROVOC

* FOODON

* Environment (ENVO)

* NCBI Taxonomy

* TaxREF-LD

## GENES

* Gene Ontology (GO)

* Sequence Types and Features Ontology (SO)

## CROPS

* Plant traits (PTO)

* Phenotypic qualities (PATO)

* CropOntology (CO)

* Catalogue of Cultivated crops in France (GEVES) - Referential resource only

* Plant Stress Ontology (PSO)

* BBCH-Based Plant Phenological Description Ontology (PPDO)

* Crop Planning and Production Process Ontology (3CPO)

* ThesOlive

* EPPO Plant and pest Codes Ontology

* Agronomy Ontology (AgrO)

## ANIMAL PRODUCTS

* Vertebrate breed (VBO)

## MICROBES

* Mycobank - Database

* NCBI Taxonomy

## SEAFOOD

* MarineTLO

* Aquatic food (AQFO)

## FOOD SAFETY

## SUSTAINABILITY

## SENSORS and IOT

Return to Diagram
# TRANSFORMATION

## NAMING

## PROCESS

* Food transformation (PO2)

* Food Transformation (TransformOn)

* Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (CHEBI)

## SENSORS and IOT

* Sensor, Observation, Sample and Actuator Ontology (SOSA)

* Semantic Sensor Network (SSN)

* Smart Aplicatios Reference Ontology (SAREF)

* SAREF4AGRI

## FOOD SAFETY

## SUSTAINABILITY

## NUTRITION

Return to Diagram
DISTRIBUTION

NAMING

SENSORS

TRANSPORTATION

* GeoSPARQL

• ERA Railway

CUSTOMS

* FEDERATED

SUSTAINABILITY

FOOD SAFETY

Return to Diagram
CONSUMERS

NAMING

FOOD SAFETY

SUSTAINABILITY

NUTRITION

Return to Diagram
REGULATION

NAMING

SENSORS

FOOD SAFETY

* Predictive microbiology (FMPM)

* Food safety and analysis (FSO)

SUSTAINABILITY

* Sustainable development goals (SDGIO)

* Circular Economy Ontology Network (CEON)

* Environmental monitoring facility vocabulary (SmOD)

NUTRITION

* Nutritional studies (ONS)

* FoodKG

CUSTOMS

Return to Diagram
GENERAL SUPPLY CHAIN

* The Friend of a Friend (FOAF)

* Good Relations

* The Organization Ontology

* Time Ontology

* Provenance (Prov-O)

* Relations Ontology (RO) – OBO Foundry

* Global Traceability Standard (GS1 Web Vocabulary)

* Traceability Vocabulary

* Circular Economy Ontology Network (CEON)

* ERA Railway

* FEDERATED

* Units of Measurement Ontology (UO)

Return to Diagram

TOOLS

* PyKEEN - Python package for knowledge graph embeddings

* hetnetpy - Python package for data structures for hetnets and algorithms for edge prediction

* hetmatpy - Python package for matrix operations of hetnets

* XSwap - Python package with an algorithm for degree-preserving network randomization (permutation)

Return to Diagram