# Glycerol based NaDES as green solvents for ultrasound-assisted extraction of phycocyanin from Arthrospira platensis-RSM optimization and ANN modeling

Soukaina Hilali, Laura Wils, Barbara Clement-Larosière, Leslie Boudesocque-Delaye

► To cite this version:

Soukaina Hilali, Laura Wils, Barbara Clement-Larosière, Leslie Boudesocque-Delaye. Glycerol based NaDES as green solvents for ultrasound-assisted extraction of phycocyanin from Arthrospira platensis-RSM optimization and ANN modeling. 2nd International Meeting on Deep Eutectic System, Jun 2021, Lisbon, Portugal. [hal-04951867](https://hal.science/hal-04951867v1)

HAL Id: hal-04951867

https://hal.science/hal-04951867v1

Submitted on 24 Feb 2025

HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access
archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci-
entific research documents, whether they are pub-
lished or not. The documents may come from
teaching and research institutions in France or
abroad, or from public or private research centers.

L'archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est
destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents
scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non,
émanant des établissements d'enseignement et de
recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires
publics ou privés.

<figure><img src="image_1.png" /></figure>

Distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License
## Introduction and objectives

Phycocyanin exhibits anti-oxidative, immunity enhancing, anti-viral, anti-tumour, and anti-inflammatory effects. Therefore, purified phycocyanin have gained importance over synthesized compound in a wide range of application including; **food, cosmetic, pharmaceutical and nutraceutical** application.

Ultrasound assisted extraction (UAE) appears as a promising process for efficient green PC extraction. Such green technologies seek new substitute to the commonly used organic solvents such as NaDES.

<figure><img src="image_2.png" /></figure>

The aim of this study was to investigate the eco-extraction of phycocyanin via ultrasound using five different NaDES. **Response surface methodology (RSM)** and **artificial neural network (ANN)** were adapted in this study for the generation of predictive models to simulate and optimize phycocyanin extraction. Input parameters were extraction time (15-60 min), temperature (25-50°C), and water addition (20-60%). The influence of these variables on the phycocyanin extraction efficiency was investigated using Box-Behnken design.

## Materials and methods

### 1-NaDES

<table><tr><td>Glycerol/glucose</td><td>(GG)</td></tr><tr><td>glycerol/betaine</td><td>(GB)</td></tr><tr><td>glycerol/proline</td><td>(GP)</td></tr><tr><td>glycerol/glucose/betaine</td><td>(GGB)</td></tr><tr><td>glycerol/glucose/proline</td><td>(GGP)</td></tr></table>

### 2-Biomass:

Spirulina with 25,8 dry matter.

### 3-Sotwares

Design Expert-Respond Surface methodology (RSM)

Matlab-Artificial neural network (ANN)

## Results and discussion

<figure><img src="image_3.png" /></figure>

Surface methodology illustration the effect of time and temperature on the phycocyanin yield of each NaDES and Comparison of experimental with predicted values of RSM and ANN models.

ANN model

<figure><img src="image_4.png" /></figure>

ANN and RSM comparison.

<table><thead><tr><th rowspan="2"></th><th colspan="5">Predicted by RSM</th><th colspan="5">Predicted by ANN</th></tr><tr><th>G:G</th><th>G:B</th><th>G:P</th><th>G:G:B</th><th>G:G:P</th><th>G:G</th><th>G:B</th><th>G:P</th><th>G:G:B</th><th>G:G:P</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>R<sup>2</sup></td><td>0.981</td><td>0.857</td><td>0.895</td><td>0.865</td><td>0.755</td><td>0.984</td><td>0.992</td><td>0.981</td><td>0.986</td><td>0.956</td></tr><tr><td>RMSE (the root mean square error)</td><td>0.779</td><td>2.174</td><td>2.222</td><td>3.258</td><td>5.169</td><td>0.732</td><td>0.351</td><td>0.717</td><td>0.660</td><td>1.313</td></tr><tr><td>SEP (standard error of prediction)</td><td>13.368</td><td>48.211</td><td>44.482</td><td>63.405</td><td>92.619</td><td>12.556</td><td>7.783</td><td>14.357</td><td>12.841</td><td>23.533</td></tr><tr><td>RPD (relative percent of deviation)</td><td>3.104</td><td>9.595</td><td>10.056</td><td>14.069</td><td>21.036</td><td>1.233</td><td>0.965</td><td>1.741</td><td>2.019</td><td>2.994</td></tr></tbody></table>

<figure><img src="image_5.png" /></figure>

## Conclusion

The finding of this study allows the prediction of phycocyanin yield under three different experimental conditions via ultrasound assisted extraction for 5 different NaDES. Stability study was further implemented with two conditions. The results confirmed the NaDES showed higher conservation values compared to water; it was also observed that high glucose concentrated NaDES were better adopted at conserving phycocyanin. The box-Behnken design was effectively employed to generate the optimized list of conditions for the optimal PCC.

<figure><img src="image_6.png" /></figure>