*Acrocomia media* O.F.Cook, *Bull. Torrey Bot. Club* 28 (10): 566 (Cook 1901).

*Acrocomia erioacantha* Barb.Rodr., *Contr. Jard. Bot. Rio de Janeiro* 2: 85 (Barbosa Rodrigues 1902).

*Acrocomia ulei* Dammer, *Notizbl. Königl. Bot. Gart. Berlin* 6: 266 [30 June 1915] (Dammer 1915).

*Acrocomia pilosa* Léon, *Mem. Soc. Cub. Hist. Nat.* "Felipe Poey" 14: 52 (Léon 1940).

*Acrocomia chunta* Covas & Ragonese, *Revista Argent. Agron.* 8: 2 (Covas & Ragonese 1941).

*Acrocomia belizensis* L.H.Bailey, *Gentes Herb.* 4 (12): 445 [30 Sep. 1941] (Bailey 1941).

*Acrocomia hospes* L.H.Bailey, *Gentes Herb.* 4 (12): 449 [30 Sep. 1941] (Bailey 1941).

*Acrocomia ierensis* L.H.Bailey, *Gentes Herb.* 4 (12): 473 [30 Sep. 1941] (Bailey 1941).

*Acrocomia karukerana* L.H.Bailey, *Gentes Herb.* 4 (12): 466 [30 Sep. 1941] (Bailey 1941).

*Acrocomia panamensis* L.H.Bailey, *Gentes Herb.* 4 (12): 444 [30 Sep. 1941] (Bailey 1941).

*Acrocomia quisqueyana* L.H.Bailey, *Gentes Herb.* 4 (12): 471 [30 Sep. 1941] (Bailey 1941).

*Acrocomia subinermis* Léon ex L.H.Bailey, *Gentes Herb.* 4 (12): 474 [30 Sep. 1941] (Bailey 1941).

*Acrocomia antiguana* L.H.Bailey, *Gentes Herb.* 8: 142 (Bailey 1949).

*Acrocomia christopherensis* L.H.Bailey, *Gentes Herb.* 8: 140 (Bailey 1949).

*Acrocomia grenadana* L.H.Bailey, *Gentes Herb.* 8: 144 (Bailey 1949).

*Acrocomia viegasii* L.H.Bailey, *Gentes Herb.* 8: 139 (Bailey 1949).

*Acrocomia spinosa* H.E.Moore, *Gentes Herb.* 9: 238 (Moore 1963).

NOTES. — Incipiently domesticated by pre-Columbian Amerindians (Clement 1999; Levis *et al.* 2017). In French Guiana, restricted to savannas. Wendland (in Kerchove 1878: 230) mistakenly listed "*Acrocomia Zapotecis* Karw." as a synonym of *A. mexicana* Karw. ex Mart. Actually, Martius' sentence: "*A Zapotecis Jaçangha* [...] *dicitur*" (Martius 1824: 286) only means that "Jaçangha" is the vernacular name of *A. mexicana* for the Zapotecs. The attribution of this "binomial" to L. B. de Karwinsky ("*Acrocomia zapotecis* Karw.") (Wendland in Kerchove 1878: 230) is also a mistake. Karwinsky wrote the name *A. mexicana* on the type specimen that he collected. *Bactris globosa* Gaertn. appears as *B. minor* Gaertn. on plate.

VERNACULAR NAMES. — Ka: mokaya, mukaya • Cr: moukaya • Br: macaúba, mucajá.

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — A single collection, *J.-J. de Granville* 17664, dbh 28 cm.

Genus *Astrocaryum* G.Mey.

[141] *Astrocaryum jauari* Mart.

*Hist. Nat. Palm.* 2 (3): 76 [after 13 Apr. 1824] (Martius 1824).

*Astrocaryum guara* Burret, *Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin-Dahlem* 11: 15 [30 Dec. 1930] (Burret 1930).

NOTE. — Hyperdominant in Amazonia (ter Steege *et al.* 2020), but not yet found in inventories of trees above 10 cm dbh in French Guiana.

VERNACULAR NAMES. — Ka: sauwalai • Wn: jawala • Nt: liba awaa • Br: jauari.

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — No specimen seen. The species is present on the banks of Maroni River, according to Granville & Gayot (2014).

SIZE. — Up to 30 cm dbh (Granville & Gayot 2014).

[142] *Astrocaryum minus* Trail

*J. Bot.* 15: 78 (Trail 1877).

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 10 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: *J.-J. de Granville* 17659.

SIZE. — Up to 12 cm dbh (Granville & Gayot 2014).

[143] *Astrocaryum murumuru* Mart.

*Hist. Nat. Palm.* 2 (3): 70 [after 13 Apr. 1824] (Martius 1824).

*Astrocaryum yaupapyense* Barb.Rodr., *Vellozia* 1: 48 (Barbosa Rodrigues 1888).

NOTES. — Hyperdominant in Amazonia (ter Steege *et al.* 2020), but not yet found in inventories of trees above 10 cm dbh in French Guiana. Incipiently domesticated by pre-Columbian Amerindians (Clement 1999; Levis *et al.* 2017).

VERNACULAR NAMES. — Wp: mulumulu sï • Br: murumuru.

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 10 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: *J.-J. de Granville* & *F. Kahn* 11201.

SIZE. — Up to 27 cm dbh (Granville & Gayot 2014).

[144] *Astrocaryum rodriguesii* Trail
(Fig. 10C)

*J. Bot.* 15: 79 (Trail 1877), "*Rodriguezii*".

VERNACULAR NAMES. — Pa: amuu • Wp: patali • Wn: widajimë • Br: tucumã-branco.

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 6 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: *D. Sa-batier* & *M.-F. Prévost* 4921.

INVENTORY DATA (FG). — 18 trees in 6 plots; Fmax = 1.6 %; dbhinv = 20.9 cm.

[145] *Astrocaryum sciophilum* (Miq.) Pulle

* Enum. Vasc. Pl. Surinam* 73 (Pulle 1906). — *Bactris sciophila* Miq., *Natuurk. Verh. Wet. Haarlem*, ser. 2, 7: 208 (Miquel 1851).

NOTE. — Hyperdominant in Amazonia (ter Steege *et al.* 2020).
VERNACULAR NAMES. — Pa: kwasii-muumuuwa, kwaswe-muumuuwa
• Ka: mulumulu • Te: mubulu • Wp: mulumulu • Wn: mumu,
muumu • Nt: bugu • Cr: mouroumourou • Br: murumuru.

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 25 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: *A.H. Gentry & E.M. Zardini* **50232**.

INVENTORY DATA (FG). — 1197 trees in 107 plots; Fmax = 19.8 %; dbhinv = 22.3 cm.

[146] *Astrocaryum vulgare* Mart.

Hist. Nat. Palm. 2 (3): 74 [after 13 Apr. 1824] (Martius 1824).

Astrocaryum awarra de Vriese, *Jaarb. Kon. Ned. Maatsch. Aanm. Tuinb.* 1848: 12 (de Vriese 1848).

Astrocaryum guianense Splitg. ex Mart., *Hist. Nat. Palm.* 3 (10): 323 [Jan.-July 1853] (Martius 1853).

Astrocaryum segregatum Drude, *Fl. Bras. [Martius]* 3 (2): 382 [1 Nov. 1881] (Drude 1881).

Astrocaryum tucumoides Drude, *Fl. Bras. [Martius]* 3 (2): 381 [1 Nov. 1881] (Drude 1881).

NOTE. — Incipiently domesticated by pre-Columbian Amerindians
(Levis *et al.* 2017).

VERNACULAR NAMES. — Pa: wahatwi • Ka: awala, awala'i • Te: dzawala • Wp: awala • Wn: awala • Nt: awaa • Cr: awara, wara • Br: tucumā-do-Pará.

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 6 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: *J.-J. de Granville* **8340**.

SIZE. — Up to 20 cm dbh (Granville & Gayot 2014).

Genus *Attalea* Kunth

[147] *Attalea maripa* (Aubl.) Mart.

Voy. Amér. Mér. 7 (3, Palmiers): 123 (Martius 1847). — *Palma maripa* Aubl., *Hist. Pl. Guiane* 2: 974 [Jun.-Dec. 1775] (Aublet 1775). — *Maximiliana maripa* (Aubl.) Drude, *Fl. Bras. [Martius]* 3 (2): 452 [1 Nov. 1881] (Drude 1881). — *Englerophoenix maripa* (Aubl.) Kuntze, *Revis. Gen. Pl.* 2: 728 [5 Nov. 1891] (Kuntze 1891). — *Ethnora maripa* (Aubl.) O.F.Cook, *J. Wash. Acad. Sci.* 30: 297 (Cook 1940).

Maximiliana regia Mart., *Hist. Nat. Palm.* 2 (4): 132 [Jan.-Mar. 1826] (Martius 1826). — *Englerophoenix regia* (Mart.) Kuntze, *Revis. Gen. Pl.* 2: 728 [5 Nov. 1891] (Kuntze 1891). — *Temenia regia* (Mart.) O.F.Cook, *Natl. Hort. Mag.* 18: 276 (Cook 1939). — *Attalea regia* (Mart.) Wess.Boer, *Indig. Palms Surin.* 150 (Wessels Boer 1965).

Maximiliana elegans H.Karst., *Linnaea* 28: 271 [“1856” publ. Jan. 1857] (Karsten 1857).

Maximiliana martiana H.Karst., *Linnaea* 28: 273 [“1856” publ. Jan. 1857] (Karsten 1857).

Maximiliana caribaea Griseb. & H.Wendl., *Fl. Brit. W.I.* [*Grisebach*] 522 [Oct. 1864] (Grisebach & Wendland 1864). — *Englerophoenix caribaeum* (Griseb. & H.Wendl.) Kuntze, *Revis. Gen. Pl.* 2: 728 [5 Nov. 1891] (Kuntze 1891).

*Scheelea maripa* hort. ex H.Wendl., *Palmiers* [*Kerchove*] 256 (Wendland 1878), *nom. nud.*

Maximiliana tetrasticha Drude, *Fl. Bras. [Martius]* 3 (2): 455 [1 Nov. 1881] (Drude 1881). — *Scheelea tetrasticha* (Drude) Burret, *Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin-Dahlem* 10: 667 [10 July 1929] (Burret 1929).

Maximiliana longirostrata Barb.Rodr., *Vellovia*, ed. 2, 1: 112 (Barbosa Rodrigues 1891). — *Englerophoenix longirostrata* (Barb.Rodr.) Barb.Rodr., *Sert. Palm. Brasil.* 1: 77 (Barbosa Rodrigues 1903).

Maximiliana macropetala Burret, *Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin-Dahlem* 10: 699 [10 July 1929] (Burret 1929). — *Attalea macropetala* (Burret) Wess.Boer, *Indig. Palms Surin.*: 155 (Wessels Boer 1965).

Maximiliana macrogyne Burret, *Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin-Dahlem* 10: 692 [10 July 1929] (Burret 1929).

Maximiliana stenocarpa Burret, *Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin-Dahlem* 10: 696 [10 July 1929] (Burret 1929).

*Attalea cryptanthera* Wess.Boer, *Pittieria* 17: 310 (Wessels Boer 1988).

NOTES. — Hyperdominant in Amazonia (ter Steege *et al.* 2020). Incipiently domesticated by pre-Columbian Amerindians (Clement 1999; Levis *et al.* 2017).

VERNACULAR NAMES. — Pa: arawa-kagta, kahikti • Ka: malipa • Te: balipa • Wp: inaya, malipa, malipa tay • Wn: malipa • Nt: maypa • Cr: maripa • Br: anajá, inajá.

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 12 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: the type from French Guiana (not traced).

INVENTORY DATA (FG). — 49 trees in 30 plots; Fmax < 1%; dbhinv = 32.8 cm.

Genus *Cocos* L.

[148] *Cocos nucifera* L.

*Sp. Pl.* 2: 1188 [1 May 1753] (Linnaeus 1753). — *Calappa nucifera* (L.) Kuntze, *Revis. Gen. Pl.* 2: 982 [5 Nov. 1891] (Kuntze 1891).

*Palma cocos* Mill., *Gard. Dict.*, ed. 8, n. 2 [16 Apr. 1768] (Miller 1768).

*Cocos mamillaris* Blanco, *Fl. Filip. [F.M. Blanco]* 722 (Blanco 1837).

*Cocos indica* Royle, *Ill. Bot. Himal. Mts.*: 395 (Royle 1840).

*Cocos nana* Griff., *Not. Pl. Asiat.* 3: 166 (Griffith 1851).

*Cocos nucifera* var. *synphyllica* Becc., *Agric. Colon.* 10: 586 (Beccari 1916).

*Diplothemium henryanum* F.Br., *Bull. Bernice P. Bishop Mus.* 84: 128 (Brown 1931).

NOTE. — A species native to the South-West Pacific, introduced and naturalised on all tropical shores.

VERNACULAR NAMES. — Pa: koko • Ka: koko, kokoepu • Te: koko • Wp: koko • Wn: koko • Nt: kokonoto bon, kokoonto bon • Fr: cocotier • Br: cóco, coqueiro.

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 2 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: *J.-J. de Granville* **7203**, dbh 25-28 cm.
## Genus *Euterpe* Mart.

### [149] *Euterpe oleracea* Mart.

*Hist. Nat. Palm.* 2 (2): 29 [before 13 Apr. 1824] (Martius 1824).

*Euterpe brasiliana* Oken, *Allg. Naturgesch.* 3 (1): 674 (Oken 1841).

*Catis martiana* O.F.Cook, *Bull. Torrey Bot. Club* 28 (10): 557 (Cook 1901), “Martiniana”, nom. illeg. superfl. (based on *Euterpe oleracea*).

*Euterpe badiocarpa* Barb.Rodr., *Contr. Jard. Bot. Rio de Janeiro* 1: 12 (Barbosa Rodrigues 1901).

*Euterpe beardii* L.H.Bailey, *Gentes Herb.* 7: 426 (Bailey 1947).

*Euterpe cuatrecasana* Dugand, *Revista Acad. Colomb. Ci. Exact.* 8 (31): 393 [Dec. 1951] (Dugand 1951).

**NOTES.** — Hyperdominant in Amazonia (ter Steege *et al.* 2020). Incipiently domesticated by pre-Columbian Amerindians (Clement 1999; Levis *et al.* 2017).

**VERNACULAR NAMES.** — Pa: was • Ka: wasay, wasei • Te: watsey • Wp: wasay, wasey, wasey iipi manu • Wn: wapu • Nt: pina • Cr: pino, wassay • Br: açaí-do-pará.

**HERBARIUM DATA (FG).** — 21 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: *J.-J. de Granville et al. 8057*.

**INVENTORY DATA (FG).** — 743 trees in 34 plots; Fmax = 48.7 %; dbhinv = 20.5 cm.

### [150] *Euterpe precatoria* Mart.

*Voy. Amér. Mér.* 7 (3, Palmiers): 10 (Martius 1847).

*Euterpe oleracea* Engel, *Linnaea* 33: 671 (Engel 1865), nom. illeg. hom., non Mart. (Martius 1824).

*Euterpe stenophylla* Trail ex Thurn, *Timebri* 3: 229 (Thurn 1884).

*Euterpe jatapuensis* Barb.Rodr., *Contr. Jard. Bot. Rio de Janeiro* 1: 12 (Barbosa Rodrigues 1901).

*Euterpe subrubminata* Burret, *Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin-Dahlem* 15: 3 [15 Feb. 1940] (Burret 1940).

*Euterpe petiolata* Burret, *Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin-Dahlem* 15: 101 [15 Feb. 1940] (Burret 1940).

*Euterpe langloisii* Burret, *Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin-Dahlem* 13: 346 [30 Dec. 1936] (Burret 1936).

*Euterpe confertiflora* L.H.Bailey, *Gentes Herb.* 7: 427 (Bailey 1947).

**NOTES.** — Hyperdominant in Amazonia (ter Steege *et al.* 2020), but not yet found in inventories of trees above 10 cm dbh in French Guiana. Incipiently domesticated by pre-Columbian Amerindians (Levis *et al.* 2017).

**VERNACULAR NAMES.** — Ka: wapu • Wp: kusili ape, wasey iipipě'i, wasey sī • Wn: wapuimë • Nt: pina • Br: açaí-da-mata, juçara.

**HERBARIUM DATA (FG).** — No specimen seen, present according to (Granville & Gayot 2014).

**SIZE.** — Up to 25 cm dbh (Granville & Gayot 2014).

## Genus *Manicaria* Gaertn.

### [151] *Manicaria saccifera* Gaertn. (Fig. 10D)

*Fruct. Sem. Pl.* 2: 468 [Sep.-Dec. 1791] (Gaertner 1791). — *Pilophora saccifera* (Gaertn.) H.Wendl., *Palmiers [Kerchove]* 253 (Wendland 1878).

*Pilophora testicularis* Jacq., *Fragm. Bot.* 32 (Jacquin 1801).

*Manicaria plukenetii* Griseb. & H.Wendl., *Fl. Brit. W.I. [Grisebach]* 518 [Oct. 1864] (Grisebach & Wendland 1864). — *Manicaria saccifera* var. plukenetii (Griseb. & H.Wendl.) Drude, *Fl. Bras. [Martius]* 3 (2): 520 [1 May 1882] (Drude 1882).

*Manicaria saccifera* var. mediterranea Trail, *J. Bot.* 14: 332 (Trail 1876).

*Manicaria atricha* Burret, *Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin-Dahlem* 10: 1013 [1 Aug. 1930] (Burret 1930).

**VERNACULAR NAMES.** — Pa: tuuvan • Ka: tululi • Te: tululi • Wp: tululi • Cr: tourouri • Fr: toulouri • Br: buçú, ubuçú.

**HERBARIUM DATA (FG).** — 10 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: *J.-J. de Granville 10319*.

**SIZE.** — Up to 30 cm dbh (Granville & Gayot 2014).

## Genus *Mauritia* L.f.

### [152] *Mauritia flexuosa* L.f.

*Suppl. Pl.*: 454 [“1781” publ. Apr. 1782] (Linnaeus 1782).

*Sagus americana* Poir., *Encycl. [J. Lamarck et al.]* 6 (2): 395 [28 Aug. 1805] (Poiret 1805).

*Mauritia vinifera* Mart., *Hist. Nat. Palm.* 2 (2): 42 [before 13 Apr. 1824] (Martius 1824).

*Mauritia sagus* Schult. & Schult.f., *Syst. Veg. [Roemer & Schultes]* 7 (2): 1321 [Oct.-Dec. 1830] (Schultes & Schultes 1830), nom. illeg. superfl. (based on *Sagus americana*).

*Mauritia setigera* Griseb. & H.Wendl., *Fl. Brit. W.I. [Grisebach]* 515 [Oct. 1864] (Grisebach & Wendland 1864).

*Saguerus americanus* H.Wendl., *Palmiers [Kerchove]* 256 (Wendland 1878), “americana”, nom. nud.

*Mauritia sphaerocarpa* Burret, *Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin-Dahlem* 10: 569 [30 Mar. 1929] (Burret 1929).

*Mauritia minor* Burret, *Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin-Dahlem* 11: 1 [30 Dec. 1930] (Burret 1930).

*Mauritia flexuosa* var. venezuelana Steyerm., *Fieldiana, Bot.* 28 (1): 90 (Steyermark 1951).

**NOTES.** — Hyperdominant in Amazonia (ter Steege *et al.* 2020), but not yet found in inventories of trees above 10 cm dbh in French Guiana. Incipiently domesticated by pre-Columbian Amerindians (Clement 1999; Levis *et al.* 2017). *Saguerus americanus* H.Wendl. (in Kerchove 1878: 256, as “Saguerus americana” Poir., vide *Mauritia flexuosa* L. f.) is obviously a mistranscript of *Sagus americana*. Wendland lists “*Sagus americana* Poir.” as a synonym of *M. flexuosa* (Kerchove 1878: 251). *Sagus americana* Poiret (1805: 395) was based on Aublet’s description of the “Bache” (Aublet 1775, 2[Suppl.]: 103), which did not come with a Latin name nor a formal diagnosis.
**VERNACULAR NAMES.** — Pa: isao, isau • Ka: mulisi, muliši • Te: bilitsi • Wp: milisi • Wn: koai, kuwai • Nt: moysi • Cr: palmié-bache • Br: buriti.

**HERBARIUM DATA (FG).** — 8 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: *J.-J. de Granville 3750*.

**SIZE.** — Up to 60 cm dhb (Granville & Gayot 2014).

## Genus *Oenocarpus* Mart.

[153] *Oenocarpus bacaba* Mart.

*Hist. Nat. Palm.* 2 (1): 24 [Nov. 1823] (Martius 1823).

*Areca bacaba* Arruda, *Trav. Brazil* [H. Koster]: 490 (Arruda 1816), *nom. nud*.

*Oenocarpus hoppii* Burret, *Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin-Dahlem* 11: 1041 [20 Jan. 1934] (Burret 1934).

*Oenocarpus grandis* Burret, *Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin-Dahlem* 12: 612 [6 Dec. 1935] (Burret 1935). — *Oenocarpus bacaba* var. *grandis* (Burret) Wess.Boer, *Pittieria* 17: 131 (Wessels Boer 1988).

**NOTES.** — Hyperdominant in Amazonia (ter Steege *et al.* 2020). Incipiently domesticated by pre-Columbian Amerindians (Clement 1999; Levis *et al.* 2017), and one of five species whose relative density in tree communities likely indicative of pre-Columbian archeological sites in French Guiana (Molino *et al.* 2021).

**VERNACULAR NAMES.** — Pa: woki • Ka: kumin, kumu • Te: pindo uhu, wila'a • Wp: a'i pino, pino, pino akusiway, pino e'e, pino tamanuwa • Wn: kumu • Nt: komu • Cr: komou • Br: bacaba.

**HERBARIUM DATA (FG).** — 21 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: *P.A. Poiteau s.n.* (original material P[P00725199]).

**INVENTORY DATA (FG).** — 660 trees in 131 plots; $F_{max}$ = 10 %; $dbh_{inv}$ = 31 cm.

[154] *Oenocarpus bataua* Mart. var. *bataua*

*Hist. Nat. Palm.* 2 (1): 23 [Nov. 1823] (Martius 1823). — *Jessenia bataua* (Mart.) Burret, *Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin-Dahlem* 10: 300 [30 Mar. 1928] (Burret 1928).

*Jessenia polycarpa* H.Karst., *Linnaea* 28: 388 (Karsten 1857).

*Jessenia repanda* Engl., *Linnaea* 33: 691 (Engler 1865).

*Oenocarpus seje* Cuervo, *Trat. Elem. Bot.*: 458 (Cuervo 1913), *nom. nud*.

*Jessenia weberbaueri* Burret, *Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin-Dahlem* 10: 840 [30 Dec. 1929] (Burret 1929).

**NOTES.** — Hyperdominant in Amazonia (ter Steege *et al.* 2020). Incipiently domesticated by pre-Columbian Amerindians (Clement 1999; Levis *et al.* 2017).

**VERNACULAR NAMES.** — Pa: patau • Ka: patawa • Te: pataua • Wp: patawa • Nt: afa komu • Cr: patawa • Br: patauá.

**HERBARIUM DATA (FG).** — 18 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: *F. Bilot & B. Jadin* 1232.

**INVENTORY DATA (FG).** — 1140 trees in 147 plots; $F_{max}$ = 7.5 %; $dbh_{inv}$ = 31.8 cm.

[155] *Oenocarpus bataua* var. *oligocarpus* (Griseb. & H.Wendl.) A.J.Hend.

*Palms Amazon:* 120 (Henderson 1995), “oligocarpa”. — *Jessenia oligocarpa* Griseb. & H.Wendl., *Fl. Brit. W.I. [Grisebach]* 516 [Oct. 1864] (Grisebach & Wendland 1864). — *Oenocarpus oligocarpa* (Griseb. & H.Wendl.) Wess.Boer, *Fl. Suriname* 5 (1): 58 (Wessels Boer 1965). — *Jessenia bataua* subsp. *oligocarpa* (Griseb. & H.Wendl.) Balick, *Advances Econ. Bot.* 3: 126 (Balick 1986).

**NOTE.** — Known only from the Guiana Shield.

**VERNACULAR NAMES.** — Pa: tavu, tawu • Ka: sapululi, tabululi, tapululi • Wp: tapululi • Cr: gro-komou.

**HERBARIUM DATA (FG).** — 5 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: *J.-J. de Granville 3411*.

**SIZE.** — Up to 40 cm dhb (Granville & Gayot 2014).

## Genus *Socratea* H.Karst.

[156] *Socratea exorrhiza* (Mart.) H.Wendl.

*Bonplandia* 8: 103 (Wendland 1860). — *Iriartea exorrhiza* Mart., *Hist. Nat. Palm.* 2 (2): 36 [before 13 Apr. 1824] (Martius 1824), “exhoriza”.

*Iriartea orbigniana* Blume ex Mart., *Hist. Nat. Palm.* 3 (7): 187 [23 Sep. 1838] (Martius 1838). — *Socratea orbigniana* (Blume ex Mart.) H.Karst., *Linnaea* 28: 264 [“1856” publ. Jan. 1857] (Karsten 1857), “*Orbignyana*”. — *Iriartea exorrhiza* var. *orbigniana* (Blume ex Mart.) Drude, *Fl. Bras. [Martius]* 3 (2): 540 [1 May 1882] (Drude 1882).

*Socratea elegans* H.Karst., *Linnaea* 28: 264 [“1856” publ. Jan. 1857] (Karsten 1857). — *Iriartea exorrhiza* var. *elegans* (H.Karst.) Drude, *Fl. Bras. [Martius]* 3 (2): 539 [1 May 1882] (Drude 1882).

*Iriartea durissima* Oerst., *Vidensk. Meddel. Dansk Naturhist. Foren. Kjøbenhavn* 1858: 30 (Oersted 1859). — *Socratea durissima* (Oerst.) H.Wendl., *Bonplandia* 8: 103 (Wendland 1860).

*Iriartea philonotia* Barb.Rodr., * Enum. Palm. Nov.*: 13 (Barbosa Rodrigues 1875). — *Socratea philonotia* (Barb.Rodr.) Hook.f., *Gen. Pl. [Bentham & Hooker f.]* 3 (2): 900 [14 Apr. 1883] (Hooker 1883).

*Socratea macrochlamys* Burret, *Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin-Dahlem* 10: 918 [30 Mar. 1930] (Burret 1930).

*Socratea microchlamys* Burret, *Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin-Dahlem* 11: 3 [30 Dec. 1930] (Burret 1930).

*Socratea hoppii* Burret, *Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin-Dahlem* 11: 232 [10 Nov. 1931] (Burret 1931).

*Socratea gracilis* Burret, *Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin-Dahlem* 15: 1 [15 Feb. 1940] (Burret 1940).

*Socratea albolineata* Steyerm., *Fieldiana, Bot.* 28 (1): 9 (Steyermark 1951).

**NOTE.** — Hyperdominant in Amazonia (ter Steege *et al.* 2020).

**VERNACULAR NAMES.** — Pa: pup • Ka: pasiwi • Te: patsi'i • Wp: pasi'i • Wn: pëpë • Nt: paasaa • Cr: awara-monpé • Br: paxiúba.

**HERBARIUM DATA (FG).** — 27 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: *B.M. Boom & S.A. Mori* 2415.
INVENTORY DATA (FG). — 81 trees in 39 plots; F<sub>max</sub> = 1.4%; dbh<sub>inv</sub> = 20 cm.

## Genus *Syagrus* Mart.

[157] *Syagrus inajai* (Spruce) Becc.

Agric. Colon. 10: 467 (Beccari 1916). — *Maximiliana inajai* Spruce, J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 11: 163 [“1871” publ. Dec. 1869] (Spruce 1869). — *Cocos inajai* (Spruce) Trail, J. Bot. 15: 79 (Trail 1877).

Cocos aequatorialis Barb.Rodr., Enum. Palm. Nov.: 38 (Barbosa Rodrigues 1875).

Cocos speciosa Barb.Rodr., Enum. Palm. Nov.: 38 (Barbosa Rodrigues 1875). — *Syagrus speciosa* (Barb.Rodr.) Barb.Rodr., Prot.-App. Enum. Palm. Nov. 49 (Barbosa Rodrigues 1879). — *Calappa speciosa* (Barb.Rodr.) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 982 [5 Nov. 1891] (Kuntze 1891).

Cocos chavesiana Barb.Rodr. ex Becc., Malpighia 1: 445 (Beccari 1887). — *Syagrus chavesiana* (Barb.Rodr. ex Becc.) Barb.Rodr., Vellosia 1: 52 (Barbosa Rodrigues 1888).

VERNACULAR NAMES. — Pa: kurip, kwip (adult form), mahayapna (juvenile form) • Te: dzata'i • Wp: malaliapu, malaliapu lo (juvenile form), yata'i (adult form) • Wn: halikuli • Cr: féy-chasèr (juvenile form), parépou-djab (adult form) • Br: inajai, jata, pupunha-de-porco.

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 17 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: J.-J. de Granville et al. 9913.

INVENTORY DATA (FG). — 17 trees in 5 plots; F<sub>max</sub> = 1.7%; dbh<sub>inv</sub> = 13 cm.

[158] *Syagrus stratincola* Wess. Boer

Fl. Suriname 5 (1): 170 (Wessels Boer 1965).

NOTE. — Known only from the Guiana Shield.

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 10 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: J.-J. de Granville 17651.

SIZE. — Up to 10 cm dbh (Granville & Gayot 2014).

Family BIGNONIACEAE Juss.

Genus *Handroanthus* Mattos

[159] *Handroanthus capitatus* (Bureau & K.Schum.) Mattos

Loefgrenia 50: 4 (Mattos 1970). — *Tecoma capitata* Bureau & K.Schum., *Fl. Bras. [Martius]* 8 (2): 337 [15 Feb. 1897] (Bureau & Schumann 1897). — *Tabebuia capitata* (Bureau & K.Schum.) Sandwith, *Recueil Trav. Bot. Néerl.* 34: 226 (Sandwith 1937).

*Tecoma leucoxylon* (L.) Mart. ex DC. var. *miquelii* A.DC., *Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle]* 9: 219 [1 Jan. 1845] (Candolle 1845).

*Tabebuia glomerata* Urb., *Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg.* 14: 305 (Urban 1916).

*Tabebuia hypolepra* Sprague & Sandwith, *Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew* 1932 (1): 25 [23 Feb. 1932] (Sprague & Sandwith 1932).

VERNACULAR NAMES. — Pa: kwik-kamwi • Ka: alawani, alawone • Wp: waiwi'i • Cr: débenn-vert, lébenn-vert • Br: pau-d'arco.

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 42 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: *D. Sabatier & J.-F. Molino* 5025.

INVENTORY DATA (FG). — 11 trees in 8 plots; F<sub>max</sub> < 1%; dbh<sub>inv</sub> = 93.1 cm.

[160] *Handroanthus impetiginosus* (Mart. ex DC.) Mattos

Loefgrenia 50: 2 (Mattos 1970). — *Tecoma impetiginosa* Mart., *Syst. Mat. Med. Veg. Bras.* 54 (Martius 1843), *nom. nud.* — *Tecoma impetiginosa* Mart. ex DC., *Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle]* 9: 218 [1 Jan. 1845] (Candolle 1845). — *Tabebuia impetiginosa* (Mart. ex DC.) Standl., *Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Bot. Ser.* 11 (5): 176 (Standley 1936).

*Tabebuia avellanedae* Lorentz ex Griseb., *Symb. Fl. Argent.*: 258 (Grisebach 1879). — *Gelseminum avellanedae* (Lorentz ex Griseb.) Kuntze, *Revis. Gen. Pl.* 3 (3): 245 [28 Sep. 1898] (Kuntze 1898). — *Tecoma avellanedae* (Lorentz ex Griseb.) Speg., *Anal. Soc. Rural Argent. (Cat. Descr. Maderas)*: 379 (Spegazzini 1910). — *Handroanthus avellanedae* (Lorentz ex Griseb.) Mattos, *Loefgrenia* 50: 3 (Mattos 1970).

*Tabebuia palmeri* Rose, *Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb.* 1 (4): 109 [30 June 1891] (Rose 1891).

*Tecoma adenophylla* K.Schum., *Fl. Bras. [Martius]* 8 (2): 412 [15 Feb. 1897] (Bureau & Schumann 1897).

*Tecoma ipe* Mart. ex K.Schum. var. *integrifolia* Hassl., *Revista Inst. Parag.* 3: 166 (Hassler 1901), *nom. nud.*

*Tecoma ipe* var. *integra* Sprague, *Bull. Herb. Boissier*, sér. 2, 5: 86 (Sprague 1905). — *Tecoma integra* (Sprague) Chodat, *Bull. Soc. Bot. Genève*, sér. 2, 9: 242 (Chodat 1917), “integrum”. — *Tabebuia ipe* (Mart. ex K.Schum.) Standl. var. *integra* (Sprague) Sandwith, *Lloydia* 2 (3): 213 (Sandwith 1939).

*Tecoma ipe* f. *leucotricha* Hassl., *Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg.* 9: 60 (Hassler 1910).

*Tabebuia nicaraguensis* S.F.Blake, *Contr. Gray Herb.*, n.s., 52: 95 (Blake 1917).

*Tecoma avellanedae* var. *alba* Lillo, *Seg. Contr. Conoc. Arbol. Argent.*: 13 (Lillo 1917).

*Tabebuia dugandii* Standl., *Trop. Woods* 36: 17 (Standley 1933).

*Tabebuia schunkevigoi* D.R.Simpson, *Fieldiana, Bot.* 36 (1): 1 (Simpson 1972).

VERNACULAR NAMES. — Nt: lebi giin ati • Cr: lébenn-ròz • Fr: ébène rose, ébène soufrée • Br: pau-d'arco-roxo.

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 5 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: *S. Gonzalez* 1093.

INVENTORY DATA (FG). — 12 trees in 10 plots; F<sub>max</sub> < 1%; dbh<sub>inv</sub> = 120 cm.

[161] *Handroanthus obscurus* (Bureau & K.Schum.) Mattos

Loefgrenia 50: 4 (Mattos 1970). — *Tecoma obscura* Bureau & K.Schum., *Fl. Bras. [Martius]* 8 (2): 343 [15 Feb. 1897] (Bureau &
Schumann 1897). — *Tabebuia obscura* (Bureau & K.Schum.) Sandwith, *Recueil Trav. Bot. Néerl.* 34: 226 (Sandwith 1937).

*Tabebuia subtilis* var. *schultesiana* Sandwith, *Bot. Mus. Leafl.* 17 (3): 96 [21 Nov. 1955] (Sandwith 1955). — *Tabebuia obscura* var. *schultesiana* (Sandwith) Sandwith, *Mutisia* 25: 16 (Sandwith 1956).

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — A single collection, *C. Feuillet* 1122.

SIZE. — Venezuela, Amazonas. *G. Davidse* 27581 (MO), 10 m.

[162] *Handroanthus serratifolius* (Vahl) S.O.Grose

*Syst. Bot.* 32 (3): 666 [1 July 2007] (Grose 2007). — *Bignonia serratifolia* Vahl, *Eclog. Amer.* 2: 46 (Vahl 1798). — *Tabebuia serratifolia* (Vahl) G.Nicholson, *Ill. Dict. Gard.* 7: 1 (Nicholson 1887).

*Bignonia flavescens* Vell., *Fl. Flumin.* 252 [“1825” publ. 7 Sep.-28 Nov. 1829] (Vellozo 1829). — *Tecoma flavescens* (Vell.) Mart. ex DC., *Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle]* 9: 216 [1 Jan. 1845] (Candolle 1845). — *Handroanthus flavescens* (Vell.) Mattos, *Loefgrenia* 50: 2 (Mattos 1970).

*Bignonia araliacea* Cham., *Linnaea* 7: 683 (Chamisso 1832). — *Tecoma araliacea* (Cham.) DC., *Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle]* 9: 221 [1 Jan. 1845] (Candolle 1845). — *Gelseminum araliaceum* (Cham.) Kuntze, *Revis. Gen. Pl.* 3 (2): 245 [28 Sep. 1898] (Kuntze 1898). — *Tabebuia araliacea* (Cham.) Morong & Britton, *Ann. New York Acad. Sci.* 7: 190 (Morong & Britton 1893). — *Handroanthus araliaceus* (Cham.) Mattos, *Loefgrenia* 50: 2 (Mattos 1970).

*Tecoma speciosa* DC., *Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle]* 9: 218 [1 Jan. 1845] (Candolle 1845). — *Gelseminum speciosum* (DC.) Kuntze, *Revis. Gen. Pl.* 3 (3): 245 [28 Sep. 1898] (Kuntze 1898).

*Tecoma conspicua* DC., *Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle]* 9: 221 [1 Jan. 1845] (Candolle 1845). — *Bignonia conspicua* Rich. ex DC., *Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle]* 9: 221 [1 Jan. 1845] (Candolle 1845), *nom. nud. pro syn.*

*Tecoma patrisiana* DC., *Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle]* 9: 221 [1 Jan. 1845] (Candolle 1845).

*Tecoma nigricans* Klotzsch ex M.R.Schomb., *Reis. Br.-Guiana* [*Ri. Schomburgk*] 3: 1159 [“1848” publ. 7-10 Mar. 1849] (Schomburgk 1849), *nom. nud.*

*Tecoma atractocarpa* Bureau & K.Schum., *Fl. Bras. [Martius]* 8 (2): 326 [15 Feb. 1897] (Bureau & Schumann 1897). — *Handroanthus atractocarpus* (Bureau & K.Schum.) Mattos, *Loefgrenia* 50: 2 (Mattos 1970).

*Tabebuia monticola* Pittier, *Cat. Fl. Venez. [Pittier]* 2: 409 (Pittier 1947), *nom. nud.*

NOTE. — Hyperdominant in Amazonia (ter Steege *et al.* 2020).

VERNACULAR NAMES. — Pa: kwik • Ka: alawani, alawone • Te: tadju • Wp: tayi • Wn: alaone, alawone • Nt: giin ati • Cr: débenn-vert, lébenn • Fr: ébène verte • Br: ipê, pau-d'arco-amarelo.

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 45 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: *J.-B. Patris s.n.* (original material of *Tecoma patrisiana*: G-DC, G00133858]).

INVENTORY DATA (FG). — 54 trees in 33 plots; Fmax = 1 %; dbhinv = 110 cm.

[163] *Handroanthus subtilis*
(Sprague & Sandwith) S.O.Grose
(Fig. 11A)

*Syst. Bot.* 32 (3): 666 [1 July 2007] (Grose 2007). — *Tabebuia subtilis* Sprague & Sandwith, *Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew* 1932 (1): 23 [23 Feb. 1932] (Sprague & Sandwith 1932).

NOTE. — Known only from the Guiana Shield.

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 5 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: *D. Sabatier & M.-F. Prévost* 4826.

INVENTORY DATA (FG). — 19 trees in 12 plots; Fmax < 1%; dbhinv = 48.3 cm.

Genus *Jacaranda* Juss.

[164] *Jacaranda copaia* (Aubl.) D.Don subsp. *copaia*

*Edinburgh Philos. J.* 9 (18): 267 [Oct. 1823] (Don 1823). — *Bignonia copaia* Aubl., *Hist. Pl. Guiane* 2: 650 [Jun.-Dec. 1775] (Aublet 1775), “*Copaia*”. — *Bignonia procera* Willd., *Sp. Pl.*, ed. 4 3 (1): 307 (Willdenow 1800), *nom. illeg. superfl.* (based on Bignonia copaia). — *Jacaranda procera* R.Br., *Bot. Mag.* 49: t. 2327 (Brown 1822), *nom. illeg. superfl.* (based on *Bignonia copaia*).

NOTE. — Hyperdominant in Amazonia (ter Steege *et al.* 2020).

VERNACULAR NAMES. — Pa: pada • Ka: kopaya, kupaiya, kupaya • Te: mee'i • Wp: mapili poã, pala'i • Wn: kupahja, kupaja • Nt: fayaati, feyati, yasimanbo • Cr: koupaya • Fr: copaia, faux simarouba • Br: caroba, pará-pará.

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 19 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: *J.B. Aublet* 32 (original material P-Ad.[P00320334]).

INVENTORY DATA (FG). — 374 trees in 146 plots; Fmax = 2.8%; dbhinv = 69.4 cm.

[165] *Jacaranda copaia* subsp. *spectabilis*
(Mart. ex DC.) A.H.Gentry

*Rhodora* 79: 441 (Gentry 1977). — *Jacaranda spectabilis* Mart. ex DC., *Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle]* 9: 229 [1 Jan. 1845] (Candolle 1845). — *Jacaranda copaia* var. *spectabilis* (Mart. ex DC.) Bureau ex Bureau & K.Schum., *Fl. Bras. [Martius]* 8 (2): 387 [15 Feb. 1897] (Bureau & Schumann 1897).

*Jacaranda copaia* var. *paraensis* Huber, *Bull. Soc. Bot. Genève*, sér. 2, 6: 202 [“1914” publ. 1915] (Huber 1915). — *Jacaranda paraensis* (Huber) Vattimo, *Rodriguésia* 29 (42): 285 (Vattimo 1977).

*Jacaranda superba* Pittier, *Bol. Soc. Venez. Ci. Nat.* 6 (41): 19 [“1939” publ. 1940] (Pittier 1940).

*Jacaranda amazonensis* Vattimo, *Rodriguésia* 29 (44): 231 (Vattimo 1978).

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 16 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: *M.-F. Prévost* 1119.

SIZE. — Up to 45 cm dbh (Gentry 1992).
<figure><img src="image_19.png" /><figcaption>FIG. 11. — Bignoniaceae: **A, Handroanthus subtilis** (Sprague & Sandwith) S.O.Grose (D. Sabatier & E. Fonty 5588); **B, Tabebuia insignis** (Miq.) Sandwith (M.-F. Prévost & D. Sabatier 4818). Bixaceae: **C, Bixa** sp. A (D. Sabatier & J.-F. Molino 5609); **D, Cochlospermum orinocense** (Kunth) Steud. (D. Sabatier & J.-F. Molino 5070). © D. Sabatier/IRD.</figcaption></figure>

[166] *Jacaranda duckei* Vattimo

*Rodriguésia* 36 (59): 79 (Vattimo 1984).

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 2 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: *A.H. Gentry & C. Feuillet* 63218.

SIZE. — Up to 12 m tall (Gentry 1992).

[167] *Jacaranda obtusifolia* Bonpl.
subsp. *rhombifolia* (G.Mey.) A.H.Gentry

Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 29: 257 (Gentry 1978). — *Jacaranda rhombifolia* G.Mey., Prim. Fl. Esseq.: 213 [Nov. 1818] (Meyer 1818). — *Jacaranda filicifolia* D.Don, Edinburgh Philos. J. 9 (18): 266 [Oct. 1823] (Don 1823), *nom. illeg. superfl.* (based on *Jacaranda rhombi*
*folia*). — *Jacaranda obtusifolia* var. *rhombifolia* (G.Mey.) Sandwith, Kew Bull. 8 (4): 458 [“1953” publ. 2 Jan. 1954] (Sandwith 1954).

*Bignonia filicifolia* A.Anderson, *Trans. Soc. London Encour. Arts* 25: 200 (Anderson 1807), *nom. nud.*

*Jacaranda filicifolia* var. *puberula* K.Schum., *Fl. Bras. [Martius]* 8 (2): 390 [15 Feb. 1897] (Schumann 1897).

VERNACULAR NAMES. — Ka: arisisi'i, woto kolalu.

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — A single collection, M.-F. Prévost 1718.

SIZE. — Up to 15 m tall (Gentry 1992).

Genus *Tabebuia* Gomes ex DC.

[168] *Tabebuia fluviatilis* (Aubl.) DC.

*Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle]* 9: 215 [1 Jan. 1845] (Candolle 1845). — *Bignonia fluviatilis* Aubl., *Hist. Pl. Guiane* 2: 655 [Jun.-Dec. 1775] (Aublet 1775). — *Zeyheria fluviatilis* (Aubl.) Miq., *Flora* 25 (2): 431 (Miquel 1842). — *Couralia fluviatilis* (Aubl.) Splitg., *Tijdschr. Nat. Geschied. Physiol.* 9: 15 [Aug.-Sep. 1842] (Splitgerber 1842). — *Tecoma fluviatilis* (Aubl.) Miq., *Stirp. Surinam. Select.*: 121 [“1850” publ. Mar. 1851] (Miquel 1851). — *Potamoxylon fluviatile* (Aubl.) Pichon, *Bull. Soc. Bot. France* 92 (9): 228 (Pichon 1945).

*Bignonia aquatilis* E.Mey., *Nova Acta Phys.-Med. Acad. Caes. Leop.-Carol. Nat. Cur.* 12: 780 (Meyer 1825). — *Tecoma aquatilis* (E.Mey.) DC., *Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle]* 9: 225 [1 Jan. 1845] (Candolle 1845). — *Tabebuia aquatilis* (E.Mey.) Sprague & Sandwith, *Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew* 1932 (1): 21 [23 Feb. 1932] (Sprague & Sandwith 1932).

*Bignonia digitata* E.Mey., *Nova Acta Phys.-Med. Acad. Caes. Leop.-Carol. Nat. Cur.* 12: 782 (Meyer 1825). — *Zeyheria digitata* (E.Mey.) Miq., *Flora* 25 (2): 431 (Miquel 1842).

*Tecoma meyeriana* A.DC., *Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle]* 9: 221 [1 Jan. 1845] (Candolle 1845).

VERNACULAR NAMES. — Pa: waravru-kamwi-seine • Ka: pandalan
• Cr: bwa-blanché.

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 11 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: *J.B. Aublet* 200 (original material P-Ad., not seen); *R.A.A. Oldeman* B-884: 7 m × 23 cm.

[169] *Tabebuia insignis* (Miq.) Sandwith
(Fig. 11B)

*Recueil Trav. Bot. Néerl.* 34: 224 (Sandwith 1937). — *Tecoma insignis* Miq., *Stirp. Surinam. Select.*: 122 [“1850” publ. Mar. 1851] (Miquel 1851). — *Gelseminum insigne* (Miq.) Kuntze, *Revis. Gen. Pl.* 2: 480 [5 Nov. 1891] (Kuntze 1891).

*Bignonia dura* Klotzsch ex R.Knuth, *Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Beih.* 43: 638 (Knuth 1827), *nom. nud.*

*Tecoma dura* Bureau & K.Schum., *Nat. Pflanzenfam. [Engler & Prantl]* 4 (3b): 238 (Bureau & Schumann 1894). — *Tabebuia dura* (Bureau & K.Schum.) Sprague & Sandwith, *Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew* 1932 (1): 21 [23 Feb. 1932] (Sprague & Sandwith 1932). — *Handroanthus durus* (Bureau & K.Schum.) Mattos, *Loefgrenia* 50: 4 (Mattos 1970).

*Tabebuia roraimae* Oliv., *Timehri* 5: 201 (Oliver 1886). — *Tecoma roraimae* (Oliv.) K.Schum., *Nat. Pflanzenfam. [Engler & Prantl]* 4 (3b): 238 (Schumann 1894).

*Tecoma leucoxylon* (L.) Mart. ex DC. var. *salpingophora* Bureau & K.Schum., *Fl. Bras. [Martius]* 8 (2): 342 [15 Feb. 1897] (Bureau & Schumann 1897).

*Tecoma albiflora* Ducke, *Arch. Jard. Bot. Rio de Janeiro* 4: 175 (Ducke 1925).

VERNACULAR NAMES. — Pa: kwik-kamwi, kwik-marikasmatgene
• Ka: kupayalan, panda, pokata • Cr: bwa-blanché • Br: capitari,
ipê-branco-do-brejo.

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 16 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: *M.-F. Prévost* & *D. Sabatier* 4818.

INVENTORY DATA (FG). — 50 trees in 19 plots; $F_{max}$ = 1.7 %; dbh$_{inv}$ = 85.9 cm.

[170] *Tabebuia stenocalyx* Sprague & Stapf

*Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew* 1910 (6): 196 (Sprague & Stapf 1910).

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — A single collection, R.S. Cowan 38837 (MO).

SIZE. — Up to 25 m tall (Gentry 1992).

Family BIXACEAE Kunth
Genus *Bixa* L.

[171] *Bixa arborea* Huber

*Bol. Mus. Goeldi Hist. Nat. Ethnogr.* 6: 87 (Huber 1910).

VERNACULAR NAMES. — Pa: ihap-kamwi • Wp: uluku tawa • Br: urucu-da-mata.

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 2 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: *D. Sabatier* & *P. Birnbaum* 4451.

INVENTORY DATA (FG). — 5 trees in 1 plot; $F_{max}$ < 1 %; dbh$_{inv}$ = 22.9 cm.

[172] *Bixa* sp. A
(Fig. 11C)

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 3 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: *B. Du-trève* 489, dbh = 14 cm.

Genus *Cochlospermum* Kunth

[173] *Cochlospermum orinocense* (Kunth) Steud.
(Fig. 11D)

Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel], ed. 2, 1: 393 (Steudel 1840). — *Bombax orinocense* Kunth, *Nova genera et species plantarum* [H.B.K.] 5: 301 [June 1822] (Kunth 1822). — *Wittelsbachia orinocensis* (Kunth) Mart., *Nova genera et species plantarum* [Martius] 1 (4): 83 [“1824” publ. Jan.-Mar. 1826] (Martius 1826). — *Maximilianea orinocensis* (Kunth) Kuntze, *Revis. Gen. Pl.* 1: 44 [5 Nov. 1891] (Kuntze 1891).
*Cochlospermum parkeri* Planch., *London J. Bot.* 6: 310 (Planchon 1847). — *Maximilianea parkeri* (Planch.) Kuntze, *Revis. Gen. Pl.* 1: 44 [5 Nov. 1891] (Kuntze 1891).

*Cochlospermum parvifolium* Planch., *London J. Bot.* 6: 311 (Planchon 1847), “parviaefolium”. — *Maximilianea parvifolia* (Planch.) Kuntze, *Revis. Gen. Pl.* 1: 44 [5 Nov. 1891] (Kuntze 1891), “pawiaefolia”.

*Cochlospermum wentii* Pulle, * Enum. Vasc. Pl. Surinam*: 310 (Pulle 1906).

*Cochlospermum williamsii* J.F.Macbr., *Candollea* 5: 388 (Macbride 1934), “*Cochleospermus Williamsii*”.

NOTE. — A species found only on the edges of inselbergs.

VERNACULAR NAMES. — Pa: sirisiri, wakäu-dariu • Wp: mäu'i sili • Cr: koton-périch • Br: algodão-do-mato, castanha-de-periquito, periquiteira-da-terra-firme, siri-siri.

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 16 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: *D. Sabatier & J.-F. Molino* 5070, dbh 25 cm.

Family BURSERACEAE Kunth
Genus *Dacryodes* Vahl

[174] *Dacryodes cuspidata* (Cuatrec.) Daly

*Brittonia* 41 (1): 25 (Daly 1989). — *Trattinnickia cuspidata*
*Cuatrec., Webbia* 12 (2): 423 (Cuatrecas 1957).

VERNACULAR NAMES. — Nt: aluau.

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 36 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: *M.-F. Prévost & D. Sabatier* 2625.

INVENTORY DATA (FG). — 106 trees in 43 plots; Fmax = 1.5%; dbhinv = 86 cm.

[175] *Dacryodes decidua* Daly & M.C.Martínez

*Brittonia* 71 (2): 206 (Daly & Martínez 2019).

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 1 collection at CAY. Sel. exs.: *D. Loubry* 1224 (holo-, NY[01076225, 01076226]; iso-, CAY[CAY115397, CAY115398]), dbh = 50 cm.

[176] *Dacryodes nitens* Cuatrec.

*Trop. Woods* 106: 64 (Cuatrecas 1957).

VERNACULAR NAMES. — Pa: araksim, sedri-seine • Te: waluwa'i • Wp: ayawa sili • Nt: gaan moni • Br: caranha.

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 27 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: *D. Sabatier* 1196.

INVENTORY DATA (FG). — 155 trees in 72 plots; Fmax = 2.1%; dbhinv = 49.7 cm.

[177] *Dacryodes oblongipetala* Daly & M.C.Martínez

*Brittonia* 71 (2): 213 (Daly & Martínez 2019).

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 5 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: *R.A.A. Oldeman* B-3097.

INVENTORY DATA (FG). — 2 trees in 2 plots; Fmax < 1%; dbhinv = 21.7 cm.

[178] *Dacryodes roraimensis* Cuatrec.

*Trop. Woods* 106: 62 (Cuatrecas 1957).

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 2 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: *S.A. Mori* & *T.D. Pennington* 17983.

SIZE. — Up to 40 m tall (Daly 1997).

[179] *Dacryodes villosa* Daly & M.C.Martínez

*Brittonia* 71 (2): 223 (Daly & Martínez 2019).

NOTES. — Known only from French Guiana.

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 2 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: *D. Sabatier* & *M.-F. Prévost* 3382 (holo-, NY[03231016, 03231017]; iso-, CAY[CAY081853]), dbh = 80 cm.

[180] *Dacryodes* sp. A

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 3 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: *D. Sabatier* & *J.-F. Molino* 5555.

INVENTORY DATA (FG). — 25 trees in 15 plots; Fmax < 1%; dbhinv = 85 cm.

Genus *Protium* Burm.f.

[181] *Protium altissimum* (Aubl.) Marchand
(Fig. 12A)

*Adansonia [Baillon]* 8: 51 (Marchand 1867). — *Icica altissima*
Aubl., *Hist. Pl. Guiane* 1: 342 [Jun.-Dec. 1775] (Aublet 1775). —
*Amyris altissima* (Aubl.) Willd., *Sp. Pl.*, ed. 4 2 (1): 336 [Mar. 1799]
(Willdenow 1799). — *Elaphrium altissimum* (Aubl.) Spreng. ex
D.Dietr., *Syn. Pl. [D. Dietrich]* 2: 1272 [1-20 Dec. 1840] (Dietrich
1840). — *Bursera altissima* (Aubl.) Baill., *Hist. Pl. [Baillon]* 5: 297
[June 1874] (Baillon 1874). — *Tingulonga altissima* (Aubl.) Kuntze,
*Revis. Gen. Pl.* 1: 108 [5 Nov. 1891] (Kuntze 1891). — *Tetragastris
altissima* (Aubl.) Swart, *Recueil Trav. Bot. Néerl.* 39: 413 (Swart
1942). — *Protium excelsior* Byng & Christenh., *Global Fl.* 4: 140 [9
Feb. 2018] (Byng & Christenhusz 2018), *nom. illeg. superfl.* (based
on *Icica altissima*).

*Tetragastris phanerosepala* Sandwith, *Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew* 1932 (5): 209 [27 June 1932] (Sandwith 1932).

NOTE. — Hyperdominant in Amazonia (ter Steege *et al.* 2020).

VERNACULAR NAMES. — Pa: ayay, ayay-wahuyo • Ka: pilika • Te: dzadza'i • Wp: yaya'i, yaya'i sī • Wn: aimalaje, simajali • Nt: lebi sali • Cr: bwa-yaya, lansan-rouj, lansan-roz, sèd-bagas • Fr: cèdre
bagasse, cèdre blanc (fide Aublet 1775) • Br: almesclão, breu-grande, breu-manga.

**HERBARIUM DATA** (FG). — 218 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: *J.B. Aublet s.n.* (lecto-, BM[not seen], designated by Swart [1942: 415]); *B.M. Boom & S.A. Mori* 2222.

**INVENTORY DATA** (FG). — 894 trees in 80 plots; $F_{max} = 24.1\%$; $dbh_{inv} = 105$ cm.

[182] *Protium altsonii* Sandwith

Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1928 (9): 369 [25 Oct. 1928] (Sandwith 1928).

*Protium puberulentum* Steyerm., *Fieldiana*, Bot. 28 (2): 276 (Steyermark 1952).

*Protium paraense* Cuatrec., *Bol. Mus. Paraense Emílio Goeldi, N.S.*, Bot. 11: 4 (Cuatrecasas 1961).

**VERNACULAR NAMES.** — Pa: marinaiwa-wašiunó • Br: breu-branco.

**HERBARIUM DATA** (FG). — 9 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: *D. Sabatier & M.-F. Prévost* 3983.

**INVENTORY DATA** (FG). — 22 trees in 8 plots; $F_{max} = 1.1\%$; $dbh_{inv} = 40.4$ cm.

[183] *Protium amazonicum* (Cuatrec.) Daly

Fl. Venez. Guayana 3: 713 (Daly 1997). — *Paraprotium amazonicum* Cuatrec., *Bot. Mus. Leafl.* 18 (4): 156 [4 Apr. 1958] (Cuatrecasas 1958).

*Protium fimbriatum* Swart, *Acta Bot. Neerl.* 15: 48 (Swart 1966).

**NOTE.** — Hyperdominant in Amazonia (ter Steege *et al.* 2020), but not yet found in inventories of trees above 10 cm dbh in French Guiana.

**HERBARIUM DATA** (FG). — A single collection, *R.A.A. Oldeman* 1862.

**SIZE.** — Brazil, Amazonas. *C.A. Cid Ferreira* 6948 (MO), 18 m × 25 cm.

[184] *Protium apiculatum* Swart

*Recueil Trav. Bot. Néerl.* 39: 201 (Swart 1942).

*Protium firmum* Swart, *Acta Bot. Neerl.* 15: 49 (Swart 1966).

**NOTES.** — Hyperdominant in Amazonia (ter Steege *et al.* 2020), and one of five species whose relative density in tree communities likely indicative of pre-Columbian archeological sites in French Guiana (Molino *et al.* 2021).

**VERNACULAR NAMES.** — Pa: ahuwahu, auwau, auwau-purubumna, ayao, ayau • Wp: ii, waluwai, waluwai pilá, waluwai sî • Nt: lebi moni, sali • Cr: bwa-lansan • Fr: encens • Br: breu-vermelho.

**HERBARIUM DATA** (FG). — 143 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: *D. Sabatier & M.-F. Prévost* 4426.

**INVENTORY DATA** (FG). — 307 trees in 82 plots; $F_{max} = 6.4\%$; $dbh_{inv} = 54.1$ cm.

[185] *Protium aracouchini* (Aubl.) Marchand

Adansonia [Baillon] 8: 51 (Marchand 1867). — *Icica aracouchini* Aubl., *Hist. Pl. Guiane* 1: 343 [Jun.-Dec. 1775] (Aublet 1775). — *Bursera aracouchini* (Aubl.) Baill., *Traité Bot. Méd. Phan.* 2: 951 [Mar. 1884] (Baillon 1884), “*Aracouchili*”. — *Tingulonga aracouchini* (Aubl.) Kuntze, *Revis. Gen. Pl.* 1: 108 [5 Nov. 1891] (Kuntze 1891). — *Amyris heterophylla* Willd., *Sp. Pl.*, ed. 4 2 (1): 335 [Mar. 1799] (Willdenow 1799), *nom. illeg. superfl.* (based on *Icica aracouchini*). — *Icica heterophylla* DC., *Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle]* 2: 77 [mid Nov. 1825] (Candolle 1825), *nom. illeg. superfl.* (based on *Icica aracouchini*). — *Elaphrium heterophyllum* Spreng. ex D.Dietr., *Syn. Pl. [D. Dietrich]* 2: 1271 [1-20 Dec. 1840] (Dietrich 1840), *nom. illeg. superfl.* (based on *Amyris heterophylla*, thus indirectly on *Icica aracouchini*).

*Protium divaricatum* Engl. var. *intermedium* Swart, *Recueil Trav. Bot. Néerl.* 39: 199 (Swart 1942).

*Protium aracouchini* var. *angustifolium* Swart, *Acta Bot. Neerl.* 15: 45 (Swart 1966).

**VERNACULAR NAMES.** — Pa: marinaiwa • Ka: alakuseli, alakušini • Wn: alakuseli.

**HERBARIUM DATA** (FG). — 16 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: *J.B. Aublet s.n.* (original material LINN[LINN-HS 672.2]).

**INVENTORY DATA** (FG). — 23 trees in 12 plots; $F_{max} < 1\%$; $dbh_{inv} = 42.2$ cm.

[186] *Protium calendulinum* Daly

Brittonia 59 (1): 7 (Daly 2007).

**HERBARIUM DATA** (FG). — 5 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: *R.A.A. Oldeman* 1912.

**INVENTORY DATA** (FG). — 1 tree, $dbh = 15$ cm.

[187] *Protium cuneatum* Swart

*Recueil Trav. Bot. Néerl.* 39: 191 (Swart 1942).

**VERNACULAR NAMES.** — Pa: ahuwahu, auwau • Ka: pilika • Wp: waluwai sî • Nt: tongi moni • Cr: bwa-lansan • Fr: encens.

**HERBARIUM DATA** (FG). — 29 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: *D. Sabatier & M.-F. Prévost* 2198, $dbh = 48$ cm.

**INVENTORY DATA** (FG). — 40 trees in 16 plots; $F_{max} = 1.1\%$; $dbh_{inv} = 45.6$ cm.

[188] *Protium decandrum* (Aubl.) Marchand

Adansonia [Baillon] 8: 51 (Marchand 1867). — *Icica decandra* Aubl., *Hist. Pl. Guiane* 1: 346 [Jun.-Dec. 1775] (Aublet 1775), “*Pentandra*” on plate. — *Amyris decandra* (Aubl.) Willd., *Sp. Pl.*, ed. 4 2 (1): 336 [Mar. 1799] (Willdenow 1799). — *Elaphrium decandrum* (Aubl.) Spreng. ex D.Dietr., *Syn. Pl. [D. Dietrich]* 2: 1271 [1-20 Dec. 1840] (Dietrich 1840). — *Bursera decandra* (Aubl.) Baill., *Hist. Pl. [Baillon]* 5: 262, 297 [June 1874] (Baillon 1874).

*Icica enneandra* Aubl., *Hist. Pl. Guiane* 1: 345 [Jun.-Dec. 1775] (Aublet 1775). — *Amyris enneandra* (Aubl.) Willd., *Sp. Pl.*, ed. 4 2 (1): 335 [Mar. 1799] (Willdenow 1799). — *Elaphrium*
<figure><img src="image_20.png" /><figcaption>FIG. 12. — Burseraceae: **A, Protium altissimum** (Aubl.) Marchand (D. Sabatier & J.-F. Molino 5203); **B, Protium morii** Daly (M.-F. Prévost & D. Sabatier 4952); **C, Protium trifoliolatum** Engl. (M.-F. Prévost et al. 4484); **D, Protium polybotryum** (Turcz.) Engl. (D. Sabatier & J.-F. Molino 5201). A, B, D, © D. Sabatier/IRD; C, © M.-F. Prévost/IRD.</figcaption></figure>

*enneandrum* (Aubl.) Spreng. ex D.Dietr., *Syn. Pl. [D. Dietrich] 2: 1271* [1-20 Dec. 1840] (Dietrich 1840). — *Tingulonga enneandra* (Aubl.) Kuntze, *Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 107* [5 Nov. 1891] (Kuntze 1891). — *Protium schomburgkianum* Engl., *Fl. Bras. [Martius] 12* (2): 276 [1 Sep. 1874] (Engler 1874), *nom. illeg. superfl.* (based on *Icica enneandra*).

*Protium orinocense* Rusby, *Descr. S. Amer. Pl. 35* [20 Dec. 1920] (Rusby 1920).

NOTE. — Hyperdominant in Amazonia (ter Steege *et al.* 2020).

VERNACULAR NAMES. — Pa: ahuwahu, auwau, marinaiwa, sirasira, sirasra • Ka: alakuseli, aliwa'u, šipya, sipyo, šipyo • Nt: tingi moni • Cr: bwa-lansan • Fr: encens • Br: breu-preto, breu-vermelho.

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 42 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: *J.B. Aublet s.n.* (original material of *Icica enneandra*: LINN, LINN-HS 672.4).

INVENTORY DATA (FG). — 204 trees in 49 plots; Fmax = 2.9 %; dbhinv = 48.2 cm.

[189] *Protium demerarense* Swart

*Acta Bot. Neerl.* 15: 46 (Swart 1966).

VERNACULAR NAMES. — Ka: alakuseli, šipya, sipyo, šipyo • Nt: moni.

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 29 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: *S.A. Mori et al.* 24011.

INVENTORY DATA (FG). — 76 trees in 15 plots; Fmax = 2.4 %; dbhinv = 52 cm.
[190] *Protium divaricatum* Engl. subsp. *fumarium* Daly

*Brittonia* 44 (3): 294 (Daly 1992).

NOTE. — Known only from French Guiana.

VERNACULAR NAMES. — Br: breu-cicantá.

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 29 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: S.A. Mori & T.D. Pennington 18034 (holo-, NY[00345683]; iso-, CAY, MG[MG126679], MO[MO2071216], P[P02440861]).

INVENTORY DATA (FG). — 4 trees in 2 plots; Fmax < 1%; dbhinv = 28.3 cm.

[191] *Protium gallicum* Daly

*Brittonia* 50 (4): 520 (Daly 1998).

VERNACULAR NAMES. — Pa: araksim, marinaiwa, sirasira-seine • Wp: sipi, tulii, walakuseli • Nt: tingi moni • Cr: bwa-lansan-blan • Fr: encens.

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 49 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: *Service Forestier 7073* (holo-, NY[00370252]; iso-, U[U0008214]).

INVENTORY DATA (FG). — 317 trees in 52 plots; Fmax = 7.5%; dbhinv = 41.7 cm.

[192] *Protium giganteum* Engl. var. *giganteum*

Fl. Bras. [Martius] 12 (2): 277 [1 Sep. 1874] (Engler 1874). — *Tingulonga gigantea* (Engl.) Kuntze, *Revis. Gen. Pl.* 1: 108 [5 Nov. 1891] (Kuntze 1891).

Icica acuminata Poir., *Encycl. [J. Lamarck et al.]* Suppl. 3: 136 [24 Sep. 1813] (Poiret 1813), *syn. nov.* — *Amyris acuminata* DC., *Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle]* 2: 78 [mid Nov. 1825] (Candolle 1825), *nom. nud. pro. syn.*

*Protium duckei* Huber, *Bol. Mus. Goeldi Hist. Nat. Ethnogr.* 5 (2): 432 (Huber 1909).

*Protium cupreatum* Cuatrec., *Bol. Mus. Paraense Emilio Goeldi, N.S., Bot.* 11: 1 (Cuatrecasas 1961).

*Protium pernervatum* Cuatrec., *Bol. Mus. Paraense Emilio Goeldi, N.S., Bot.* 11: 5 (Cuatrecasas 1961).

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — No collection at CAY. Sel. exs.: *Unknown coll. s.n.* ("Herb. Poir.") (original material of *Icica acuminata*: P[P05308177]).

SIZE. — Brazil, Amazonas. *A. Vicentini* 1008 (MO), 20 m × 20 cm.

[193] *Protium giganteum* var. *crassifolium* (Engl.) Daly

*Brittonia* 44 (3): 296 (Daly 1992). — *Protium crassifolium* Engl., *Fl. Bras. [Martius]* 12 (2): 270 [1 Sep. 1874] (Engler 1874). — *Icica crassifolia* (Engl.) Rich. ex Engl., *Monogr. Phan. [A.DC. & C.DC.]* 4: 81 [Mar. 1883] (Engler 1883).

VERNACULAR NAMES. — Pa: ahuwahu, araksim-priyo, auwau.

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 18 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: *L. C. Richards* s.n. (holo-, B[not seen, photo F neg. 12568]; iso-, P[P02440864]).

INVENTORY DATA (FG). — 65 trees in 39 plots; Fmax < 1%; dbhinv = 55 cm.

[194] *Protium goudotianum* (Tul.) Byng & Christenh.

Global Fl. 4: 134 [9 Feb. 2018] (Byng & Christenhusz 2018). — *Icica goudotiana* Tul., *Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot.* sér. 3, 7: 372 (Tulasne 1847). — *Crepidospermum goudotianum* (Tul.) Triana & Planch., *Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot.* sér. 5, 14: 300 (Triana & Planchon 1872).

*Crepidospermum sprucei* Hook.f., *Gen. Pl.* [Bentham & Hooker f.] 1 (1): 325 [7 Aug. 1862] (Hooker 1862).

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 2 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: *B.M. Boom* & *S.A. Mori* 1885.

INVENTORY DATA (FG). — 10 trees in 6 plots; Fmax < 1%; dbhinv = 35.5 cm.

[195] *Protium guianense* (Aubl.) Marchand

Adansonia [Baillon] 8: 52 (Marchand 1867). — *Icica guianensis* Aubl., *Hist. Pl. Guiane* 1: 340 [Jun.-Dec. 1775] (Aublet 1775), “Guyannensis” on plate. — *Icica viridiflora* Lam., *Encycl. [J. Lamarck et al.]* 3 (1): 225 [19 Oct. 1789] (Lamarck 1789), *nom. illeg. superfl.* (based on *Icica guianensis*). — *Amyris guianensis* (Aubl.) Willd., *Sp. Pl.*, ed. 4 2 (1): 335 [Mar. 1799] (Willdenow 1799), *nom. illeg. hom., non Aubl.* (Aublet 1775: 336). — *Elaphrium guianense* (Aubl.) Spreng. ex D.Dietr., *Syn. Pl. [D. Dietrich]* 2: 1271 [1-20 Dec. 1840] (Dietrich 1840), “gujanense”. — *Tingulonga guianensis* (Aubl.) Kuntze, *Revis. Gen. Pl.* 1: 107 [5 Nov. 1891] (Kuntze 1891).

*Icica hostmannii* Miq., *Stirp. Surinam. Select.*: 66 [“1850” publ. Mar. 1851] (Miquel 1851). — *Protium hostmannii* (Miq.) Engl., *Fl. Bras. [Martius]* 12 (2): 266 [1 Sep. 1874] (Engler 1874), “hostmanni”. — *Tingulonga hostmannii* (Miq.) Kuntze, *Revis. Gen. Pl.* 1: 108 [5 Nov. 1891] (Kuntze 1891).

*Protium heptaphyllum* var. *puberulum* Engl., *Fl. Bras. [Martius]* 12 (2): 263 [1 Sep. 1874] (Engler 1874).

VERNACULAR NAMES. — Ka: miyuluwa, sipyo • Wn: alakuhele, pakila siku • Nt: tingi moni • Cr: bwa-lansan • Fr: encens.

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 20 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: *J.B. Aublet s.n.* (original material LINN[LINN-HS 672.5]).

INVENTORY DATA (FG). — 106 trees in 40 plots; Fmax = 2.5%; dbhinv = 33.7 cm.

[196] *Protium heptaphyllum* (Aubl.) Marchand

Vidensk. Meddel. Dansk Naturhist. Foren. Kjøbenhavn 1873: 55 (Marchand 1873). — *Icica heptaphylla* Aubl., *Hist. Pl. Guiane* 1: 337 [Jun.-Dec. 1775] (Aublet 1775). — *Amyris ambrosiaca* L.f., *Suppl. Pl.*: 216 [“1781” publ. Apr. 1782] (Linnaeus 1782), *nom. illeg. superfl.* (based on *Icica heptaphylla*). — *Elaphrium heptaphyllum* (Aubl.) Spreng. ex D.Dietr., *Syn. Pl. [D. Dietrich]* 2: 1271 [1-20 Dec. 1840] (Dietrich 1840). — *Tingulonga heptaphylla* (Aubl.) Kuntze, *Revis. Gen. Pl.* 1: 107 [5 Nov. 1891] (Kuntze 1891).

*Icica surinamensis* Miq., *Stirp. Surinam. Select.*: 65 [“1850” publ. Mar. 1851] (Miquel 1851). — *Protium heptaphyllum* var. *surinamense* (Miq.) Swart, *Recueil Trav. Bot. Néerl.* 39: 298 (Swart 1942).

*Protium multiflorum* Engl., *Fl. Bras. [Martius]* 12 (2): 273 [1 Sep. 1874] (Engler 1874). — *Tingulonga multiflora* (Engl.) Kuntze, *Revis. Gen. Pl.* 1: 108 [5 Nov. 1891] (Kuntze 1891). — *Protium heptaphyllum* var. *multiflorum* (Engl.) Swart, *Recueil Trav. Bot. Néerl.* 39: 297 (Swart 1942).
*Protium angustifolium* Swart, *Recueil Trav. Bot. Néerl.* 39: 190 (Swart 1942).

*Protium heptaphyllum* var. *floribundum* Swart, *Recueil Trav. Bot. Néerl.* 39: 191 (Swart 1942).

*Protium heptaphyllum* var. *unifoliolatum* Swart, *Recueil Trav. Bot. Néerl.* 39: 191 (Swart 1942).

*Protium octandrum* Swart, *Recueil Trav. Bot. Néerl.* 39: 198 (Swart 1942).

*Protium hostmannii* var. *brasiliense* Swart, *Acta Bot. Neerl.* 15: 52 (Swart 1966).

NOTE. — Hyperdominant in Amazonia (ter Steege *et al.* 2020).

VERNACULAR NAMES. — Pa: marinaiwa-kamwi • Ka: alakuseli, alakušini, aliwa'u, šipya, šipyo • Wp: sipi, walakuseli • Wn: aawa, alakuede, alakuheke, alakuhele • Nt: tingi moni • Cr: bwa-lansan-blan • Fr: encens blanc • Br: almecegueira, breu-branco-verdadeiro.

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 74 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: *J.B. Aublet s.n.* (original material LINN, LINN-HS 672.3).

INVENTORY DATA (FG). — 15 trees in 9 plots; Fmax < 1%; dbhinv = 30.9 cm.

[197] *Protium inodorum* Daly

Brittonia 50 (4): 517 (Daly 1998).

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 2 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: S.A. *Mori & B.M. Boom* 15302 (holo-, NY[0370253, 0370254]; iso-, CAY[CAY034925], MO[MO-1110102]).

SIZE. — Up to 20 cm dbh (Daly 1998).

[198] *Protium insigne* (Triana & Planch.) Engl.

*Monogr. Phan. [A.DC. & C.DC.]* 4: 77 [Mar. 1883] (Engler 1883). — *Icica insignis* Triana & Planch., *Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot.* sér. 5, 14: 299 (Triana & Planchon 1872). — *Icicopsis insignis* (Triana & Planch.) Engl., *Fl. Bras. [Martius]* 12 (2): 256 [1 Sep. 1874] (Engler 1874). — *Tingulonga insignis* (Triana & Planch.) Kuntze, *Revis. Gen. Pl.* 1: 108 [5 Nov. 1891] (Kuntze 1891).

VERNACULAR NAMES. — Br: breu-sucuruba.

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 86 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: *D. Sabatier & J.-F. Molino* 5205.

INVENTORY DATA (FG). — 95 trees in 42 plots; Fmax = 1.7%; dbhinv = 66 cm.

[199] *Protium melinonii* Engl.

*Monogr. Phan. [A.DC. & C.DC.]* 4: 68 [Mar. 1883] (Engler 1883), "Melinonis".

NOTE. — The epithet "melinonis", which honours the French botanist E. Mélinon, is to be automatically corrected to "melinonii" (Turland *et al.* 2018: Art. 60.8).

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — Apparently endemic, presence attested by a single collection, *E.M. Mélinon* 250, 1842 (original material P[P00781031], L[L0017689]).

SIZE. — > 10 cm dbh (Cardoso *et al.* 2017).

[200] *Protium morii* Daly
(Fig. 12B)

Brittonia 44 (3): 287 (Daly 1992).

VERNACULAR NAMES. — Pa: ahuwahu, auwau • Wp: ayawa sili, nemo ākā, sipi sili, waluwai, waluwai sī.

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 89 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: *M.-F. Prévost & D. Sabatier* 4952.

INVENTORY DATA (FG). — 206 trees in 54 plots; Fmax = 5.2%; dbhinv = 75 cm.

[201] *Protium occultum* Daly

Bol. Mus. Paraense Emilio Goeldi, N.S., Bot. 7 (2): 253 (Daly 1991).

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 2 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: S.A. *Mori et al.* 22719.

SIZE. — Up to 26.5 cm dbh (Daly 2002).

[202] *Protium opacum* Swart subsp. *rabelianum* Daly

Brittonia 44 (3): 291 (Daly 1992).

VERNACULAR NAMES. — Pa: ahuwahu, auwau, auwau-seine • Ka: aliwa'u • Te: waluwa'i • Wp: waluwai, waluwai pilā • Nt: lebi moni • Cr: bonm-kochon, bwa-lansan-gran-bwa • Fr: baume cochon • Br: almecegueira, breu-preto.

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 131 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: *D. Sabatier & M.-F. Prévost* 2602.

INVENTORY DATA (FG). — 787 trees in 173 plots; Fmax = 4.4%; dbhinv = 70 cm.

[203] *Protium pallidum* Cuatrec.

Bol. Mus. Paraense Emilio Goeldi, N.S., Bot. 11: 8 (Cuatrecasas 1961).

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 24 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: S.A. *Mori et al.* 22810.

INVENTORY DATA (FG). — 17 trees in 5 plots; Fmax = 1.6%; dbhinv = 40 cm.

[204] *Protium pilosum* (Cuatrec.) Daly

Brittonia 44 (1): 24 (Daly 1989). — *Tetragastris pilosa* Cuatrec., *Bol. Mus. Paraense Emilio Goeldi, N.S., Bot.* 11: 8 (Cuatrecasas 1961).

VERNACULAR NAMES. — Wp: waluwai sili • Br: breu-branco.

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 30 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: *A.H. Gentry et al.* 63129.

SIZE. — Up to 12 m tall (Daly 2002).
[205] *Protium plagiocarpium* Benoist

Bull. Soc. Bot. France 66 (8): 359 [“1919” publ. 1920] (Benoist 1920).

VERNACULAR NAMES. — Pa: marinaiwa-puvemna • Wp: sipi lā, sipi laānga, sipi sili, sipi towi’i.

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 27 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: *R. Benoist* 368 (original material P, not seen).

INVENTORY DATA (FG). — 33 trees in 27 plots; Fmax < 1%; dbhinv = 20.2 cm.

[206] *Protium polybotryum* (Turcz.) Engl. (Fig. 12D)

Fl. Bras. [Martius] 12 (2): 278 [1 Sep. 1874] (Engler 1874). — Icica polybotrya Turcz., *Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou* 31 (1): 473 (Turczaninow 1858). — *Tingulonga polybotrya* (Turcz.) Kuntze, *Revis. Gen. Pl.* 1: 108 [5 Nov. 1891] (Kuntze 1891).

VERNACULAR NAMES. — Pa: marinaiwa-purubumna • Ka: pakila šipyoli, tamunen pilika.

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 9 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: *D. Sabatier & M.-F. Prévost 3209*.

INVENTORY DATA (FG). — 133 trees in 12 plots; Fmax = 8.1%; dbhinv = 54.5 cm.

[207] *Protium rhoifolium* (Benth.) Byng & Christenb.

Global Fl. 4: 134 [9 Feb. 2018] (Byng & Christenhusz 2018). — *Hedwigia rhoifolia* Benth., *Hooker's J. Bot. Kew Gard. Misc.* 4: 17 (Bentham 1852). — *Crepidospermum rhoifolium* (Benth.) Triana & Planch., *Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot. sér.* 5, 14: 300 (Triana & Planchon 1872). — *Hemicrepidospermum rhoifolium* (Benth.) Swart, *Recueil Trav. Bot. Néerl.* 39: 205 (Swart 1942).

VERNACULAR NAMES. — Pa: ara-kamwi • Ka: ayawalan, pakila šipyoli • Wp: ii, kulitu • Nt: moni.

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 23 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: *D. Sabatier 1001*.

INVENTORY DATA (FG). — 36 trees in 24 plots; Fmax < 1%; dbhinv = 49.5 cm.

[208] *Protium robustum* (Swart) D.M.Porter

Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 56 (3): 476 [1969 publ. 17 July 1970] (Porter 1970). — *Protium neglectum* var. *robustum* Swart, *Recueil Trav. Bot. Néerl.* 39: 204 (Swart 1942).

VERNACULAR NAMES. — Ka: alukasi, pakila šipyoli • Te: waluwa'i • Wp: ayawa ilikili, nemo ākā • Cr: bwa-lansan-rouj.

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 19 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: *D. Sabatier & J.-F. Molino 5194*.

INVENTORY DATA (FG). — 52 trees in 18 plots; Fmax = 3.7%; dbhinv = 25.1 cm.

[209] *Protium sagotianum* Marchand

Adansonia [Baillon] 8: 69 (Marchand 1867).

Bursera caudata Turcz., *Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou* 36 (1): 614 (Turczaninow 1863). — *Icicopsis caudata* (Turcz.) Engl., *Fl. Bras. [Martius]* 12 (2): 257 [1 Sep. 1874] (Engler 1874). — *Tingulonga caudata* (Turcz.) Kuntze, *Revis. Gen. Pl.* 1: 107 [5 Nov. 1891] (Kuntze 1891).

NOTE. — Hyperdominant in Amazonia (ter Steege *et al.* 2020).

VERNACULAR NAMES. — Pa: ahuwahu, auwau • Ka: pakila šipyoli • Te: waluwa'i • Wp: nemo ākā • Wn: aawa, awa • Nt: lebi moni, moni • Cr: bwa-lansan, chipa • Fr: encens • Br: breu-branco, breuinhambu.

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 80 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: *P.A. Sagot* 1191, Aug. 1858 (type P[P00781026]).

INVENTORY DATA (FG). — 251 trees in 71 plots; Fmax = 3.3%; dbhinv = 67 cm.

[210] *Protium spruceanum* (Benth.) Engl.

Fl. Bras. [Martius] 12 (2): 276 [1 Sep. 1874] (Engler 1874). — *Icica spruceana* Benth., *Hooker's J. Bot. Kew Gard. Misc.* 4: 16 (Bentham 1852). — *Tingulonga spruceana* (Benth.) Kuntze, *Revis. Gen. Pl.* 1: 108 [5 Nov. 1891] (Kuntze 1891).

*Protium almecega* Marchand, *Vidensk. Meddel. Dansk Naturhist. Forn.* Kjøbenhavn 1873: 56 (Marchand 1873). — *Tingulonga almecega* (Marchand) Kuntze, *Revis. Gen. Pl.* 1: 108 [5 Nov. 1891] (Kuntze 1891), “*almacega*”.

NOTE. — Hyperdominant in Amazonia (ter Steege *et al.* 2020).

VERNACULAR NAMES. — Pa: sirasira, sirasra • Te: waluwa'i • Wp: sipi • Br: almecegueira-do-brejo.

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 6 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: *J.-F. Molino & D. Sabatier 2284*.

INVENTORY DATA (FG). — 51 trees in 9 plots; Fmax = 1.8%; dbhinv = 40.4 cm.

[211] *Protium stevensonii* (Standl.) Daly

Brittonia 71 (3): 345 [epubl. 29 May 2019] (Daly 2019). — *Tetragastris stevensonii* Standl., *Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Bot. Ser.* 4 (8): 216 [24 Oct. 1929] (Standley 1929).

*Hedwigia panamensis* Engl., *Bot. Jahrb. Syst.* 1: 42 (Engler 1881). — *Tetragastris panamensis* (Engl.) Kuntze, *Revis. Gen. Pl.* 1: 107 [5 Nov. 1891] (Kuntze 1891). — *Protium picramnioides* Byng & Christenb., *Global Fl.* 4: 134 [9 Feb. 2018] (Byng & Christenhusz 2018), *nom. illeg. superfl.* (based on *Tetragastris panamensis*).

*Tetragastris panamensis* var. *hirtella* Swart, *Recueil Trav. Bot. Néerl.* 39: 207 (Swart 1942).

*Tetragastris paraensis* Cuatrec., *Bol. Mus. Paraense Emilio Goeldi, N.S.*, Bot. 11: 7 (Cuatrecasas 1961).

*Tetragastris panamensis* var. *grandifolia* Swart, *Acta Bot. Neerl.* 15: 56 (Swart 1966).
**VERNACULAR NAMES.** — Pa: araksim, auwau-purubumna, kawap-kamwi, sirasira, sirasra • Ka: tamunen pilika • Wp: waluwai, waluwai pilá • Wn: aimalaje, simajali • Nt: gaan busi moni, weti sali • Br: barrotinho, breu-preto.

**HERBARIUM DATA (FG).** — 65 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: *M.-F. Prévost & P. Grenand 4274*.

**INVENTORY DATA (FG).** — 192 trees in 88 plots; $F_{max} = 2.9\%$; $dbh_{inv} = 80.5$ cm.

[212] *Protium strumosum* Daly

*Brittonia* 44 (3): 283 (Daly 1992).

**HERBARIUM DATA (FG).** — A single collection, *C. Feuillet 2263*.

**SIZE.** — Up to 15 m tall (Daly 1992).

[213] *Protium subserratum* (Engl.) Engl.

*Monogr. Phan. [A.DC. & C.DC.] 4:* 89 [Mar. 1883] (Engler 1883). — *Icicopsis subserrata* Engl., *Fl. Bras. [Martius] 12* (2): 259 [1 Sep. 1874] (Engler 1874). — *Tingulonga subserrata* (Engl.) Kuntze, *Revis. Gen. Pl.* 1: 108 [5 Nov. 1891] (Kuntze 1891).

**VERNACULAR NAMES.** — Pa: sirasira, sirasra.

**HERBARIUM DATA (FG).** — 37 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: *D. Sabatier & M.-F. Prévost 2927*.

**INVENTORY DATA (FG).** — 167 trees in 82 plots; $F_{max} = 1\%$; $dbh_{inv} = 50.5$ cm.

[214] *Protium surinamense* Byng & Christenbh.

*Global Fl.* 4: 134 [9 Feb. 2018] (Byng & Christenhusz 2018). — *Hedwigia hostmannii* Engl., *Monogr. Phan. [A.DC. & C.DC.]* 4: 97 [Mar. 1883] (Engler 1883). — *Tetragastris hostmannii* (Engl.) Kuntze, *Revis. Gen. Pl.* 1: 106 [5 Nov. 1891] (Kuntze 1891).

**NOTES.** — Known only from the Guiana Shield. One of five species whose relative density in tree communities likely indicative of pre-Columbian archeological sites in French Guiana (Molino *et al.* 2021).

**VERNACULAR NAMES.** — Pa: ahuwahu, auwau • Ka: pilika, wipitano • Wp: yaya'i, yaya'i sī • Cr: bois-yaya, yaya.

**HERBARIUM DATA (FG).** — 25 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: *D. Sabatier & M.-F. Prévost 1354*.

**INVENTORY DATA (FG).** — 67 trees in 38 plots; $F_{max} < 1\%$; $dbh_{inv} = 59$ cm.

[215] *Protium tenuifolium* (Engl.) Engl. (Fig. 13A)

*Monogr. Phan. [A.DC. & C.DC.] 4:* 76 [Mar. 1883] (Engler 1883). — *Icicopsis tenuifolia* Engl., *Fl. Bras. [Martius] 12* (2): 255 [1 Sep. 1874] (Engler 1874). — *Tingulonga tenuifolia* (Engl.) Kuntze, *Revis. Gen. Pl.* 1: 108 [5 Nov. 1891] (Kuntze 1891).

*Protium neglectum* Swart, *Recueil Trav. Bot. Néerl.* 39: 203 (Swart 1942).

**NOTE.** — Hyperdominant in Amazonia (ter Steege *et al.* 2020).

**VERNACULAR NAMES.** — Pa: ahuwahu, auwau, auwau-seinô • Wp: waluwai, waluwai pilá • Wn: awa.

**HERBARIUM DATA (FG).** — 30 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: *D. Sabatier & M.-F. Prévost 4072*.

**INVENTORY DATA (FG).** — 195 trees in 95 plots; $F_{max} = 1.9\%$; $dbh_{inv} = 72.5$ cm.

[216] *Protium trifoliolatum* Engl. (Fig. 12C)

*Fl. Bras. [Martius] 12* (2): 266 [1 Sep. 1874] (Engler 1874). — *Tingulonga trifoliolata* (Engl.) Kuntze, *Revis. Gen. Pl.* 1: 108 [5 Nov. 1891] (Kuntze 1891). — *Tetragastris trifoliolata* (Engl.) Cuatrec., *Bol. Mus. Paraense Emilio Goeldi, N.S.*, *Bot.* 11: 9 (Cuatrecasas 1961).

*Protium martianum* Engl., *Fl. Bras. [Martius] 12* (2): 266 [1 Sep. 1874] (Engler 1874). — *Tingulonga martiana* (Engl.) Kuntze, *Revis. Gen. Pl.* 1: 108 [5 Nov. 1891] (Kuntze 1891).

*Protium titubans* J.F.Macbr., *Candollea* 5: 379 (Macbride 1934).

*Protium pauciflorum* Swart, *Recueil Trav. Bot. Néerl.* 39: 196 (Swart 1942).

*Protium joannis* Cuatrec., *Bol. Mus. Paraense Emilio Goeldi, N.S.*, *Bot.* 11: 2 (Cuatrecasas 1961).

**NOTE.** — Hyperdominant in Amazonia (ter Steege *et al.* 2020).

**VERNACULAR NAMES.** — Pa: marinaiwa • Ka: pakila šipyoli • Te: waluwa'i • Wp: ii, sipi lā, sipi laānga, sipi sili, sipi towi'i • Wn: aimalaje • Nt: sali.

**HERBARIUM DATA (FG).** — 80 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: *D. Sabatier & M.-F. Prévost 1836*.

**INVENTORY DATA (FG).** — 133 trees in 37 plots; $F_{max} = 6.6\%$; $dbh_{inv} = 32.1$ cm.

Genus *Trattinnickia* Willd.

[217] *Trattinnickia boliviana* (Swart) Daly

*Kew Bull.* 54 (1): 130 (Daly 1999). — *Trattinnickia lawrancei* Standl. var. *boliviana* Swart, *Acta Bot. Neerl.* 1: 249 (Swart 1952).

**HERBARIUM DATA (FG).** — A single collection, *R.A.A. Oldeman 2106*.

**SIZE.** — Brazil, Acre. *D.C. Daly* 6912 (MO), 25 m × 35 cm.

[218] *Trattinnickia burserifolia* Mart. (Fig. 13B)

*Nova genera et species plantarum [Martius] 3* (2): 93 [“1829” publ. Jan.-Mar (?) 1831] (Martius 1831), “burseraefolia”.

*Trattinnickia guianensis* Klotzsch, *Reis. Br.-Guiana [Ri. Schomburgk] 3:* 1188 [“1848” publ. 7-10 Mar. 1849] (Klotzsch 1849), *nom. nud.*

*Trattinnickia schomburgkii* Klotzsch, *Reis. Br.-Guiana [Ri. Schomburgk] 3:* 1188 [“1848” publ. 7-10 Mar. 1849] (Klotzsch 1849), *nom. nud.*

*Trattinnickia burserifolia* var. *obtusa* Engl., *Fl. Bras. [Martius] 12* (2): 284 [1 Sep. 1874] (Engler 1874).
<figure><img src="image_21.png" /><figcaption>FIG. 13. — Burseraceae: **A**, *Protium tenuifolium* (Engl.) Engl. (J.-F. Molino & D. Sabatier 2248); **B**, *Trattinnickia burserifolia* Mart. (M.-F. Prévost 4566). Calophyllaceae: **C**, *Calophyllum brasiliense* Cambess. (D. Sabatier & J.-F. Molino 5002); **D**, *Mahurea palustris* Aubl. (D. Sabatier & M.-F. Prévost 3021). A, © J.-F. Molino/IRD; B, © M.-F. Prévost/IRD; C, D, © D. Sabatier/IRD.</figcaption></figure>

*Trattinnickia burserifolia* var. *quinquejuga* Engl., *Fl. Bras. [Martius]* 12 (2): 284 [1 Sep. 1874] (Engler 1874).

*Trattinnickia subchoripetala* Swart, *Recueil Trav. Bot. Néerl.* 39: 210 (Swart 1942).

*Trattinnickia multiflora* Cuatrec., *Webbia* 12 (2): 424 (Cuatrecasas 1957).

NOTE. — Hyperdominant in Amazonia (ter Steege *et al.* 2020).

VERNACULAR NAMES. — Wp: sipi.

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 15 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: *M.-F. Prévost 4566*.

INVENTORY DATA (FG). — 33 trees in 9 plots; Fmax = 2.2 %; dbhinv = 46.8 cm.

[219] *Trattinnickia demerarae* Sandwith

Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1931 (4): 185 [18 Apr. 1931] (Sandwith 1931).

NOTE. — Known only from the Guiana Shield.

VERNACULAR NAMES. — Pa: ahuwahu, auwau • Ka: apoto ayawa, ayawa, pakila sipyoli • Wp: ayawa, waluwai, waluwai pilã • Nt: gaan moni • Cr: bonm-kochon, bwa-lansan • Fr: baume cochon.

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 24 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: *D. Sabatier & M.-F. Prévost 2278*.

INVENTORY DATA (FG). — 63 trees in 42 plots; Fmax = 1.2 %; dbhinv = 156.9 cm.
[220] *Trattinnickia glaziovii* Swart

Recueil Trav. Bot. Néerl. 39: 208 (Swart 1942), “Glazovii”.

*Trattinnickia schwackeana* Glaz., *Bull. Soc. Bot. France* 52 (Mém. 3a): 92 (Glaziou 1905), *nom. nud*.

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 4 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: *B. Riéra* 1092.

INVENTORY DATA (FG). — 1 tree, dbh = 13.4 cm.

[221] *Trattinnickia rhoifolia* Willd.

*Sp. Pl.*, ed. 4 4 (2): 975 [Apr. 1806] (Willldenow 1806). — *Hedwigia rhoifolia* (Willd.) Baill., *Hist. Pl. [Baillon]* 5: 266 [June 1874] (Baillon 1874), *nom. illeg. hom.*, *non* Benth. (Bentham 1852).

*Trattinnickia ryanii* Didr., *Vidensk. Meddel. Dansk Naturhist. Foren.* Kjøbenhavn 1857: 125 (Didrichsen 1857).

*Trattinnickia rhoifolia* var. *sprucei* Engl., *Fl. Bras. [Martius]* 12 (2): 283 [1 Sep. 1874] (Engler 1874).

*Trattinnickia rhoifolia* var. *willldenowii* Engl., *Fl. Bras. [Martius]* 12 (2): 283 [1 Sep. 1874] (Engler 1874).

VERNACULAR NAMES. — Pa: araksim, ayao, ayau • Ka: aiyawa, ayawa, pilika • Wp: ayawa • Wn: awa • Nt: gaan moni • Cr: bwa-lansan, bwa-yawa • Fr: encens • Br: breu-sucuruba.

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 34 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: *M.-F. Prévost & D. Sabatier* 2193.

INVENTORY DATA (FG). — 10 trees in 9 plots; Fmax < 1%; dbhinv = 110 cm.

Family CALOPHYLLACEAE J.Agardh
Genus *Calophyllum* L.

[222] *Calophyllum brasiliense* Cambess.
(Fig. 13C)

*Fl. Bras. Merid.* [*A. St.-Hil.*] (quarto ed.) 1 (8): 320 [28 June 1828] (Cambessèdes 1828).

*Calophyllum longifolium* Willd., *Mag. Neuesten Entdeck. Gesammten Naturk. Ges. Naturf. Freunde Berlin* 5: 80 (Willldenow 1811). — *Calophyllum brasiliense* subsp. *longifolium* (Willd.) Vesque, *Monogr. Phan.* [*A.DC. & C.DC.*] 8: 592 [Dec. 1893] (Vesque 1893).

*Calophyllum lucidum* Benth., *London J. Bot.* 2: 370 (Bentham 1843).

*Calophyllum revolutum* Rich. ex Engl., *Fl. Bras. [Martius]* 12 (1): 398 [1 Apr. 1888] (Engler 1888), *nom. nud. pro syn.*

*Calophyllum brasiliense* var. *elongatum* Engl., *Fl. Bras. [Martius]* 12 (1): 398 [1 Apr. 1888] (Engler 1888).

*Calophyllum brasiliense* subsp. *verum* Vesque, *Monogr. Phan.* [*A.DC. & C.DC.*] 8: 591 [Dec. 1893] (Vesque 1893).

*Calophyllum brasiliense* var. *genuina* Vesque, *Monogr. Phan.* [*A.DC. & C.DC.*] 8: 591 [Dec. 1893] (Vesque 1893), *nom. inval.* (Turland et al. 2018: Art. 24.3).

*Calophyllum brasiliense* var. *burchellii* Vesque, *Monogr. Phan.* [*A.DC. & C.DC.*] 8: 592 [Dec. 1893] (Vesque 1893).

*Calophyllum brasiliense* var. *gardneri* Vesque, *Monogr. Phan.* [*A.DC. & C.DC.*] 8: 592 [Dec. 1893] (Vesque 1893).

*Calophyllum brasiliense* var. *spruceanum* Vesque, *Monogr. Phan.* [*A.DC. & C.DC.*] 8: 592 [Dec. 1893] (Vesque 1893), “Spruceana”.

*Calophyllum brasiliense* subsp. *mariae* Vesque, *Monogr. Phan.* [*A.DC. & C.DC.*] 8: 593 [Dec. 1893] (Vesque 1893).

*Calophyllum brasiliense* subsp. *wrightii* Vesque, *Monogr. Phan.* [*A.DC. & C.DC.*] 8: 594 [Dec. 1893] (Vesque 1893).

*Calophyllum chiapense* Standl., *Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb.* 20 (6): 192 [29 Aug. 1919] (Standley 1919).

*Calophyllum rekoi* Standl., *Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb.* 20 (6): 192 [29 Aug. 1919] (Standley 1919). — *Calophyllum brasiliense* var. rekoi (Standl.) Standl., *Trop. Woods* 30: 7 [1 June 1932] (Standley 1932).

*Calophyllum antillanum* Britton, *Sci. Surv. Porto Rico & Virgin Islands* 5: 584 (Britton 1924). — *Calophyllum brasiliense* var. antillanum (Britton) Standl., *Trop. Woods* 30: 7 [1 June 1932] (Standley 1932). — *Calophyllum jacquinii* Fawc. & Rendle, *Fl. Jamaica* [*Fawcett & Rendle*] 5: 200 (Fawcett & Rendle 1926), *nom. illeg. superfl.* (based on the same “*C. calaba* Jacq.” as *C. antillanum*).

*Calophyllum ellipticum* Rusby, *Mem. New York Bot. Gard.* 7: 303 (Rusby 1927).

*Calophyllum piaroanum* An.Castillo & C.Gil, *Ernstia*, ser. 2, 1 (1): 41 (Castillo & Gil 1991).

NOTES. — Hyperdominant in Amazonia (ter Steege *et al.* 2020). *C. antillanum* Britton and *C. jacquinii* Fawc. & Rendle were each intended as a new name for “*C. calaba* Jacq.” with reference to Jacquin (1763: 269), but this name does not exist. Jacquin (1763: 269) did not publish a new name, he only referred to *C. calaba* L. (Linnaeus 1753: 514). However, he did so by mistake since Linnaeus’ species is Asiatic, whereas the taxon he was treating is from the Caribbean Region.

VERNACULAR NAMES. — Pa: mpitit-wašiunē, pareine-āra • Ka: kula:la • Wp: yakale’i • Cr: bwa-kayman, manni-rouj • Br: cedro-do-pantano, guanambi, jacareúba.

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 15 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: *P. Grenand* 637.

INVENTORY DATA (FG). — 2 trees in 2 plots; Fmax < 1%; dbhinv = 57.6 cm.

Genus *Caraipa* Aubl.

[223] *Caraipa ampla* Ducke

*Arch. Jard. Bot. Rio de Janeiro* 3: 218 (Ducke 1922).

*Caraipa variabilis* Cambess. “var. β” (unnamed), *Mém. Mus. Hist. Nat.* 16: 417 (Cambessèdes 1828), *nom. inval.*

VERNACULAR NAMES. — Pa: wakukwa-tiranó-purubumna • Wp: wila pile lu • Cr: pajilé • Br: tamacoaré, tamaquaré.

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 9 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: *L.C. Richard s.n.* (type of *Caraipa variabilis* “var. β”: P[P01901082]).

INVENTORY DATA (FG). — 1 tree, dbh = 28.6 cm.
[224] *Caraipa densifolia* Mart.

*Nova genera et species plantarum* [Martius] 1 (4): 105 [“1824” publ. Jan.-Mar. 1826] (Martius 1826).

*Caraipa variabilis* Cambess., Mém. Mus. Hist. Nat. 16: 416 (Cambessèdes 1828).

*Caraipa fasciculata* Cambess., Mém. Mus. Hist. Nat. 16: 417 (Cambessèdes 1828).

*Caraipa laxiflora* Benth., London J. Bot. 2: 364 (Bentham 1843).

*Caraipa laurifolia* Spruce ex Choisy, Mém. Soc. Phys. Genève 14 (1): 164 (Choisy 1855).

*Caraipa myrciifolia* Spruce ex Benth., J. Proc. Linn. Soc., Bot. 5: 62 [“1861” publ. Nov. 1860] (Bentham 1860), “myrciaefolia”, nom. nud. pro syn.

*Caraipa fasciculata* var. laxiflora (Benth.) Wawra, Fl. Bras. [Martius] 12 (1): 323 [1 Apr. 1886] (Wawra 1886).

*Caraipa excelsa* Ducke, Arch. Jard. Bot. Rio de Janeiro 3: 219 (Ducke 1922).

*Caraipa melhemiana* Paula, Ci. & Cult. 20 (2): 133 (Paula 1968).

NOTE. — Silva (1971: 25) provided two references for *C. melhemiana*, the first given above, and a second, *Ci. & Cult.* 21 (4): 170 (Paula 1969). None of them could be verified.

VERNACULAR NAMES. — Ka: sepeipyo, sepupi • Wp: wila pile lu • Nt: auman pisi • Cr: pajilé • Br: tamacoaré, tamaquaré.

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 51 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: *J.-F. Molino* 921.

INVENTORY DATA (FG). — 31 trees in 12 plots; Fmax = 1.2%; dbhinv = 47.9 cm.

[225] *Caraipa parvifolia* Aubl.

Hist. Pl. Guiane 1: 561 [Jun.-Dec. 1775] (Aublet 1775).

NOTE. — Known only from French Guiana.

VERNACULAR NAMES. — Fr: manche-hache (*fide* Aublet 1775).

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 7 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: *J.B. Aublet s.n.* (original material P[P00106271]); *M.-F. Prévost* 3278, dbh = 40 cm.

[226] *Caraipa punctulata* Ducke

Arch. Jard. Bot. Rio de Janeiro 3: 216 (Ducke 1922).

*Caraipa colombiana* Ewan, Nat. Hist. Misc. 88: 4 (Ewan 1951).

*Caraipa ferruginea* Steyerm., Fieldiana, Bot. 28 (2): 384 (Steyermark 1952).

VERNACULAR NAMES. — Pa: wakukwa-tiranó-purubumna • Cr: pajilé • Br: tamacoaré, tamaquaré.

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 15 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: *J.-F. Molino et al.* 2083.

INVENTORY DATA (FG). — 31 trees in 14 plots; Fmax < 1%; dbhinv = 34.5 cm.

[227] *Caraipa racemosa* Cambess.

Mém. Mus. Hist. Nat. 16: 415 (Cambessèdes 1828).

VERNACULAR NAMES. — Wp: tamukwâlê âká, wila pile lu • Cr: pajilé • Br: tamacoaré, tamaquaré.

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 8 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: *L. C. Richard s.n.* (holo-, P[P00106270]; iso-, M[M0274726]).

INVENTORY DATA (FG). — 4 trees in 3 plots; Fmax < 1%; dbhinv = 39 cm.

[228] *Caraipa richardiana* Cambess.

Mém. Mus. Hist. Nat. 16: 414 (Cambessèdes 1828).

*Caraipa richardiana* var. *distorta* Wawra, Fl. Bras. [Martius] 12 (1): 318 [1 Apr. 1886] (Wawra 1886).

*Caraipa psidiifolia* Ducke, Arch. Jard. Bot. Rio de Janeiro 3: 214 (Ducke 1922).

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 3 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: *L. C. Richard s.n.* (holo-, P[P00106269]; iso-, P[P01901085, P01901086]).

SIZE. — Up to 15 m tall (Kubitzki 1978).

[229] *Caraipa* sp. A

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 2 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: *D. Sabatier & M.-F. Prévost* 3117.

INVENTORY DATA (FG). — 17 trees in 1 plot; Fmax = 2.6%; dbhinv = 29.3 cm.

[230] *Caraipa* sp. B

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 2 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: *M.-F. Prévost & D. Sabatier* 4936.

INVENTORY DATA (FG). — 2 trees in 1 plot; Fmax < 1%; dbhinv = 22.3 cm.

Genus *Mahurea* Aubl.

[231] *Mahurea palustris* Aubl.
(Fig. 13D)

Hist. Pl. Guiane 1: 558 [Jun.-Dec. 1775] (Aublet 1775). — *Bonnetia palustris* (Aubl.) J.F.Gmel., *Syst. Nat.*, ed. 13[bis], 2 (1): 814 [late Sep.-Nov. 1791] (Gmelin 1791).

*Bonnetia meridionalis* Sw., Fl. Ind. Occid. 2: 967 [late 1800] (Swartz 1800), nom. illeg. superfl. (based on *Mahurea palustris*).

NOTE. — Known only from the Guiana Shield.

VERNACULAR NAMES. — Pa: atit-kamwi.

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 36 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: *J.B. Aublet s.n.* (original material BM[BM000624839], P-LA[P00287390]).

INVENTORY DATA (FG). — 24 trees in 10 plots; Fmax < 1%; dbhinv = 75.9 cm.
Family CANELLACEAE Mart.
Genus *Cinnamodendron* Endl.

[232] *Cinnamodendron tenuifolium* Uittien
(Fig. 14A)

Recueil Trav. Bot. Néerl. 22: 367 ["1925" publ. Jan. 1926] (Uit-
tien 1926).

NOTE. — Known only from the Guiana Shield.

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 8 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: *D. Sabatier 1055*.

INVENTORY DATA (FG). — 1 tree, dbh = 13.1 cm.

Family CANNABACEAE Martinov
Genus *Trema* Lour.

[233] *Trema integerrima* (Beurl.) Standl.
(Fig. 14B)

Contr. Arnold Arbor 5: 55 (Standley 1933). — *Sponia integerrima* Beurl., *Kongl. Vetens.-Akad. Handl.* 40: 144 ["1854" publ. 1856] (Beurling 1856).

*Trema laxiflora* Lundell, * Wrightia* 2 (2): 50 (Lundell 1960).

NOTE. — *Trema* is neuter, but treated as feminine in accordance
with botanical tradition (Turland *et al*. 2018: Art. 62).

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — A single collection, *D. Sabatier et al.* 6043, dbh 65 cm.

[234] *Trema micrantha* (L.) Blume

*Mus. Bot.* 2 (1-8): 58 ["1852" publ. Feb. 1856] (Blume 1856).
— *Rhamnus micranthus* L., *Syst. Nat.*, ed. 10, 2: 937 [7 June 1759] (*Linnaeus 1759*). — *Celtis micrantha* (L.) Sw., *Prodr. [Swartz]* 53 [20 Jun.-29 July 1788] (*Swartz 1788*), "micranthus". — *Sponia micrantha* (L.) Decne. ex Planch., *Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot.* sér. 3, 10: 333 [Dec. 1848] (Planchon 1848).

*Celtis lima* Sw., *Prodr. [Swartz]* 53 [20 Jun.-29 July 1788] (*Swartz 1788*). — *Sponia lima* (Sw.) Decne., *Nouv. Ann. Mus. Hist. Nat.* 3: 498 (*Decaisne 1834*), *nom. inval.* (*genus name and epithet not associated*). — *Trema lima* (Sw.) Blume, *Mus. Bot.* 2 (1-8): 58 ["1852" publ. Feb. 1856] (Blume 1856).

*Celtis mollis* Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd., *Sp. Pl.*, ed. 4 4 (2): 996 [Apr. 1806] (*Willdenow 1806*). — *Sponia mollis* (Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.) Decne., *Nouv. Ann. Mus. Hist. Nat.* 3: 498 (*Decaisne 1834*), *nom. inval.* (*genus name and epithet not associated*). — *Trema mollis* (Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.) Blume, *Mus. Bot.* 2 (1-8): 58 ["1852" publ. Feb. 1856] (Blume 1856).

*Celtis rugosa* Willd., *Sp. Pl.*, ed. 4 4 (2): 996 [Apr. 1806] (*Willde-
now 1806*).

*Celtis canescens* Kunth, *Nova genera et species plantarum [H.B.K.] 2:* 28 [28 Apr. 1817] (Kunth 1817). — *Sponia canescens* (Kunth) Decne., *Nouv. Ann. Mus. Hist. Nat.* 3: 498 (Decaisne 1834), *nom. inval.* (*genus name and epithet not associated*). — *Celtis albicans* Willd. ex Steud., *Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel]*, ed. 2, 1: 316 (Steudel 1840), *nom. illeg. superfl.* (based on *Sponia canescens*, thus indi-

rectly on *Celtis canescens*). — *Trema canescens* (Kunth) Blume, *Mus. Bot.* 2 (1-8): 58 ["1852" publ. Feb. 1856] (Blume 1856).

*Celtis riparia* Kunth, *Nova genera et species plantarum [H.B.K.] 2:* 28 [28 Apr. 1817] (Kunth 1817). — *Sponia riparia* (Kunth) Decne., *Nouv. Ann. Mus. Hist. Nat.* 3: 498 (Decaisne 1834), *nom. inval.* (*genus name and epithet not associated*). — *Trema riparia* (Kunth) Blume, *Mus. Bot.* 2 (1-8): 58 ["1852" publ. Feb. 1856] (Blume 1856).

*Celtis macrophylla* Kunth, *Nova genera et species plantarum [H.B.K.] 2:* 30 [28 Apr. 1817] (Kunth 1817). — *Sponia macrophylla* (Kunth) Decne., *Nouv. Ann. Mus. Hist. Nat.* 3: 498 (Decaisne 1834), *nom. inval.* (*genus name and epithet not associated*). — *Trema macrophylla* (Kunth) Blume, *Mus. Bot.* 2 (1-8): 58 ["1852" publ. Feb. 1856] (Blume 1856).

*Celtis schiedeana* Schltdl., *Linnaea* 7: 140 (Schlechtendal 1832). — *Sponia schiedeana* (Schltdl.) Planch., *Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot.* sér. 3, 10: 335 [Dec. 1848] (Planchon 1848). — *Trema schiedeana* (Schltdl.) Blume, *Mus. Bot.* 2 (1-8): 58 ["1852" publ. Feb. 1856] (Blume 1856).

*Sponia peruviana* Klotzsch, *Linnaea* 20: 536 [Oct. 1847] (Klotzsch 1847).

*Celtis microcarpa* Salzm. ex Planch., *Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot.* sér. 3, 10: 333 [Dec. 1848] (Planchon 1848), *nom. nud. pro syn.*

*Celtis rufescens* Banks ex Planch., *Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot.* sér. 3, 10: 334 [Dec. 1848] (Planchon 1848), *nom. nud. pro syn.* — *Sponia rufescens* Planch., *Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot.* sér. 3, 10: 334 [Dec. 1848] (Planchon 1848). — *Trema rufescens* (Planch.) Blume, *Mus. Bot.* 2 (1-8): 58 ["1852" publ. Feb. 1856] (Blume 1856).

*Sponia chichilea* Planch., *Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot.* sér. 3, 10: 334 [Dec. 1848] (Planchon 1848). — *Celtis chichilea* Ruiz & Pav. ex Planch., *Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot.* sér. 3, 10: 334 [Dec. 1848] (Planchon 1848), *nom. nud. pro syn.* — *Trema chichilea* (Planch.) Blume, *Mus. Bot.* 2 (1-8): 58 ["1852" publ. Feb. 1856] (Blume 1856).

*Sponia crassifolia* Liebm., *Kongel. Danske Vidensk. Selsk. Skr., Naturvidensk. Math. Afd.*, ser. 5, 2: 340 (Liebmann 1851).

*Sponia grisea* Liebm., *Kongel. Danske Vidensk. Selsk. Skr., Naturvidensk. Math. Afd.*, ser. 5, 2: 340 (Liebmann 1851).

*Trema melinonii* Blume, *Mus. Bot.* 2 (1-8): 64 ["1852" publ. Feb. 1856] (Blume 1856), "Melinona".

*Urtica alnifolia* Bertero ex Griseb., *Fl. Brit. W.I. [Grisebach]* 709 [Oct. 1864] (Grisebach 1864), *nom. nud. pro syn.*

*Celtis curiandiuba* A.I.Gomes ex Planch., *Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle]* 17: 204 [16 Oct. 1873] (Planchon 1873), *nom. nud.*

*Trema floridana* Britton, Fl. S.E. U.S. [Small] 366, 1329 [22 July 1903] (Britton 1903). — *Trema micrantha* var. *floridana* (Britton) Standl. & Steyerm., *Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Bot. Ser.* 23 (2): 40 [14 Feb. 1944] (Standley & Steyermark 1944).

*Trema micrantha* var. *obtusata* Urb., *Symb. Antill. [Urban]* 4 (2): 195 [15 Feb. 1905] (Urban 1905).

*Trema strigillosa* Lundell, *Phytologia* 1 (10): 337 [27 Nov. 1939] (Lundell 1939). — *Trema micrantha* var. *strigillosa* (Lundell) Standl. & Steyerm., *Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Bot. Ser.* 23 (2): 40 [14 Feb. 1944] (Standley & Steyermark 1944).

NOTES. — Incipiently domesticated by pre-Columbian Amerindians (Levis *et al.* 2017). Decaisne (1834: 498) was the first to propose the transfer of *Celtis micrantha* (i.e. *Rhamnus micrantha*) into *Sponia*,
<figure><img src="image_22.png" /><figcaption>A</figcaption></figure>

<figure><img src="image_23.png" /><figcaption>B</figcaption></figure>

<figure><img src="image_24.png" /><figcaption>C</figcaption></figure>

<figure><img src="image_25.png" /><figcaption>D</figcaption></figure>

FIG. 14. — Canellaceae: *A, Cinnamodendron tenuifolium* Uittien (D. Sabatier 1055). Cannabaceae: *B, Trema integerrima* (Beurl.) Standl. (D. Sabatier et al. 6043). Capparaceae: *C, Capparidastrum osmanthum* (Diels) Cornejo & Iltis (D. Sabatier 6330); *D, Neocalyptrocalyx leprieurii* (Briq.) Iltis (D. Sabatier 3048). © D. Sabatier/IRD.

but he did not associate the genus name with the specific epithet, making the combination invalid.

VERNACULAR NAMES. — Pa: maremi-etni • Ka: konolie, kunuliye • Te: kwanali'i • Wp: kulani'i • Wn: kumiklan • Nt: misobisobi • Cr: bwa-löm, bwa-ranmié • Br: coatindiva, pau-de-polvora, periquitinha.

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 57 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: *D. Sabatier & M.-F. Prévost* 5276.

SIZE. — Up to 20 m tall (Berg 1992).

Family CAPPARACEAE Juss.

NOTES

According to Cardinal-McTeague *et al.* (2016) and Tamboli *et al.* (2018), *Capparis* L. s.s. (*Capparis* sect. *Eucapparis* DC., including type) is an Old World taxon. All New World species (“NW capparoids”) form three or more distinct clades, among which two are clearly monophyletic (*Cynophalla* J.Presl and *Crateva* L.). The phylogenetic status of the remaining clades
is still unclear. If they are merged (the conclusion anticipated by Christenhusz *et al.* 2018), then the correct name would be *Morisonia* L. However, we think this too speculative and retain the genera *Calanthea*, *Capparidastrum*, *Neocalyptrocalyx* and *Preslianthus*.

## Genus *Calanthea* (DC.) Miers

[235] *Calanthea pulcherrima* (Jacq.) Miers

Proc. Roy. Hort. Soc. London 4: 161 (Miers 1864). — *Capparis pulcherrima* Jacq., Enum. Syst. Pl.: 24 [Aug.-Sep. 1760] (Jacquin 1760). — *Linnaeobreynia pulcherrima* (Jacq.) Hutch., Gen. Fl. Pl. 2: 310 (Hutchinson 1967), in adnot. — *Morisonia pulcherrima* (Jacq.) Christenh. & Byng, Global Fl. 4: 142 [9 Feb. 2018] (Christenhusz & Byng 2018).

Colicodendron pulchellum Seem., Bot. Voy. Herald [Seemann] 2: 78 [Aug. 1852] (Seemann 1852), nom. illeg. superfl. (based on *Capparis pulcherrima*).

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 2 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: *H. Richard* & *A. Mambe* 622.

INVENTORY DATA (FG). — 1 tree, dbh = 11.5 cm.

## Genus *Capparidastrum* (DC.) Hutch.

[236] *Capparidastrum frondosum* (Jacq.) Cornejo & Iltis

Harvard Pap. Bot. 13 (2): 232 [17 Dec. 2008] (Cornejo & Iltis 2008). — *Capparis frondosa* Jacq., Enum. Syst. Pl.: 24 [Aug.-Sep. 1760] (Jacquin 1760). — *Pleuteron frondosa* (Jacq.) Raf., Sylva Télur.: 109 (Rafinesque 1838). — *Uterveria frondosa* (Jacq.) Bertol., Horti Bonon. Pl. Nov. 2: 8 (Bertoloni 1839). — *Morisonia frondosa* (Jacq.) Christenh. & Byng, Global Fl. 4: 141 [9 Feb. 2018] (Christenhusz & Byng 2018).

*Capparis elegans* Mart., *Flora* 22 (1, Beibl.): 24 (Martius 1839). — *Capparidastrum elegans* (Mart.) Hutch., Gen. Fl. Pl. 2: 310 (Hutchinson 1967).

*Capparis stenophylla* Standl., J. Wash. Acad. Sci. 13: 437 (Standley 1923).

VERNACULAR NAMES. — Ka: abalaba, apalaba, mapalaba • Br: feijão-bravo-preto.

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 8 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: *G. Cremers* 8448.

SIZE. — Belize. *S. W. Brewer* 8580 (MO), 10 m × 15 cm.

[237] *Capparidastrum osmanthum* (Diels) Cornejo & Iltis
(Fig. 14C)

Harvard Pap. Bot. 13 (2): 234 [17 Dec. 2008] (Cornejo & Iltis 2008). — *Capparis osmantha* Diels, Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin-Dahlem 14: 332 [31 Mar. 1939] (Diels 1939).

*Capparis guaguaensis* Steyerm., *Fieldiana*, Bot. 28 (1): 238 (Steyermark 1951).

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 2 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: *D. Sabatier* et al. 6003.

INVENTORY DATA (FG). — 3 trees in 3 plots; Fmax < 1%; dbhinv = 36.3 cm.

[238] *Capparidastrum solum* (J.F.Macbr.) Cornejo & Iltis

Harvard Pap. Bot. 11 (1): 17 (Cornejo & Iltis 2006), “sola”. — *Capparis sola* J.F.Macbr., *Candollea* 5: 359 (Macbride 1934). — *Morisonia sola* (J.F.Macbr.) Christenh. & Byng, *Global Fl.* 4: 142 [9 Feb. 2018] (Christenhusz & Byng 2018).

*Capparis acutifolia* J.F.Macbr., *Candollea* 5: 358 (Macbride 1934), nom. illeg. hom., non Sweet (1830).

*Capparis sola* var. *longiracemosa* Dugand, *Caldasia* 7 (32): 110 (Dugand 1955).

VERNACULAR NAMES. — Wp: yawalù lemo.

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 2 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: *P. Grenand* 715.

SIZE. — Ecuador, Napo. *J. Korning* & *K. Thomsen* 47802 (MO), 13.7 m × 12.7 cm.

## Genus *Crateva* L.

[239] *Crateva tapia* L.

Sp. Pl. 1: 444 [1 May 1753] (Linnaeus 1753).

*Crateva gynandra* L., *Sp. Pl.*, ed. 2, 1: 636 [Sep. 1762] (Linnaeus 1762).

*Cleome arborea* Schrad., Gött. Gel. Anz. 2: 707 [5 May 1821] (Schrader 1821).

*Crateva acuminata* DC., *Prodr.* [*A. P. de Candolle*] 1: 243 [mid Jan. 1824] (*Candolle* 1824), “*Crataeva*”.

*Crateva radiatiflora* DC., *Prodr.* [*A. P. de Candolle*] 1: 243 [mid Jan. 1824] (*Candolle* 1824).

*Crateva tapioides* DC., *Prodr.* [*A. P. de Candolle*] 1: 243 [mid Jan. 1824] (*Candolle* 1824), “*Crataeva*”.

*Colicodendron obliquifolium* Turcz., *Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou* 27 (3): 328 (Turczaninow 1854).

*Crateva benthamii* Eichler, *Fl. Bras.* [*Martius*] 13 (1): 265 [1 Dec. 1865] (Eichler 1865), “*Crataeva*”.

*Crateva benthamii* var. leptopetala Eichler, *Fl. Bras.* [*Martius*] 13 (1): 265 [1 Dec. 1865] (Eichler 1865), “*Crataeva*”.

*Crateva bahiana* Ule, *Bot. Jahrb. Syst.* 42 (2-3): 202 [29 Dec. 1908] (Ule 1908), “*Crataeva*”.

*Crateva coriacea* Herzog, *Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg.* 7: 52 (Herzog 1909), “*Crataeva*”.

*Crateva glauca* Lundell, *Bull. Torrey Bot. Club* 69 (5): 389 [May 1942] (Lundell 1942), “*Crataeva*”. — *Crateva tapia* var. *glauca* (Lundell) Standl. & Steyerm., *Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Bot. Ser.* 23 (2): 55 [14 Feb. 1944] (Standley & Steyermark 1944), “*Crataeva*”.
*Capparis radiatiflora* Ruiz & Pav., *Anales Inst. Bot. Cavanilles* 16: 387 (Ruiz & Pavón 1959).

*Capparis ternata* Tafalla, *Fl. Huayaquilensis* 1: 161 (Tafalla 1989), *nom. nud.*

NOTE. — *Crateva radiatiflora* DC. was based on *Capparis radiatiflora* Ruiz & Pav., but the latter was unpublished at the time, therefore it cannot serve as a basionym.

VERNACULAR NAMES. — Ka: kuleku, kulelu • Br: catauré, trapiá.

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 20 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: G.S. *Perrottet 201* (type of *Crateva acuminata*: G-DC, G00207195)).

SIZE. — Brazil, Acre. *D.C. Daly* 10186 (MO), 8 m × 18 cm.

## Genus *Cynophalla* J.Presl

[240] *Cynophalla polyantha*
(Triana & Planch.) Cornejo & Iltis

*Harvard Pap. Bot.* 13 (1): 118 [30 June 2008] (Cornejo & Iltis 2008). — *Capparis polyantha* Triana & Planch., *Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot. sér. 4, 17: 76* (Triana & Planchon 1862). — *Capparis flexuosa* (L.) L. subsp. *polyantha* (Triana & Planch.) Iltis, *Fl. Venez. Guayana* 4: 139 (Iltis 1998). — *Morisonia polyantha* (Triana & Planch.) Christenh. & Byng, *Global Fl.* 4: 142 [9 Feb. 2018] (Christenhusz & Byng 2018).

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 2 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: *J.-F. Molino & D. Sabatier* 3313.

INVENTORY DATA (FG). — 1 tree, dbh = 15.2 cm.

## Genus *Neocalyptrocalyx* Hutch.

[241] *Neocalyptrocalyx leprieurii* (Briq.) Iltis
(Fig. 14D)

*Harvard Pap. Bot.* 13 (1): 110 [30 June 2008] (Iltis 2008). — *Capparis leprieurii* Briq., *Annuaire Conserv. Jard. Bot. Genève* 17: 393 (Briquet 1914).

VERNACULAR NAMES. — Pa: korosol-kamwi.

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 32 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: *F.M.R. Leprieur s.n.* (original material F[V0053118F], P[P06795080]).

INVENTORY DATA (FG). — 12 trees in 9 plots; Fmax < 1%; dbhinv = 14 cm.

[242] *Neocalyptrocalyx maroniensis*
(Benoist) Cornejo & Iltis

*Harvard Pap. Bot.* 13 (1): 112 [30 June 2008] (Cornejo & Iltis 2008). — *Capparis maroniensis* Benoist, *Bull. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat.* 25: 296 (Benoist 1919).

*Capparis surinamensis* J.C.Went, *Recueil Trav. Bot. Néerl.* 30: 164 [July 1933] (Went 1933). — *Neocalyptrocalyx surinamensis* (J.C.Went) Hutch., *Gen. Fl. Pl.* 2: 308 (Hutchinson 1967).

NOTE. — Known only from the Guiana Shield.

VERNACULAR NAMES. — Pa: ã-wakaha • Ka: ombatapo • Wp: akusi luway.

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 14 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: *R.enoist 339 bis* (lecto-, P[P04022914], designated by Cornejo & Iltis [2008: 112]; isolecto-, P[P04022915, P04022916]).

INVENTORY DATA (FG). — 49 trees in 25 plots; Fmax = 1.6%; dbhinv = 55.4 cm.

[243] *Neocalyptrocalyx morii* Cornejo & Iltis

*J. Bot. Res. Inst. Texas* 2 (2): 807 (Cornejo & Iltis 2008).

NOTE. — Known only from French Guiana.

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 15 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: S.A. *Mori et al.* 24021 (holo-, NY[01095755]; iso-, CAY[CAY074676]).

INVENTORY DATA (FG). — 2 trees in 2 plots; Fmax < 1%; dbhinv = 38.8 cm.

## Genus *Preslianthus* Iltis & Cornejo

[244] *Preslianthus pittieri* (Standl.) Iltis & Cornejo

*Harvard Pap. Bot.* 16 (1): 70 [June 2011] (Iltis & Cornejo 2011). — *Capparis pittieri* Standl., *J. Wash. Acad. Sci.* 17: 253 (Standley 1927). — *Morisonia pittieri* (Standl.) Christenh. & Byng, *Global Fl.* 4: 142 [9 Feb. 2018] (Christenhusz & Byng 2018).

*Capparis schunkei* J.F.Macbr., *Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Bot. Ser.* 4 (7): 170 [24 Oct. 1929] (Macbride 1929).

*Capparis crotonantha* Standl., *Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Bot. Ser.* 4 (8): 210 [24 Oct. 1929] (Standley 1929).

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 3 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: S.A. *Mori et al.* 25729.

INVENTORY DATA (FG). — 1 tree, dbh = 11.3 cm.

## Family *CARICACEAE* Dumort.
Genus *Jacaratia* A.DC.

[245] *Jacaratia spinosa* (Aubl.) A.DC.
(Fig. 15A)

*Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle]* 15 (1): 419 [May 1864] (Candolle 1864). — *Carica spinosa* Aubl., *Hist. Pl. Guiane* 2: 908 [Jun.-Dec. 1775] (Aublet 1775). — *Papaya spinosa* (Aubl.) DC., *Encycl. [J. Lamarck et al.]* 5: 3 [9 Jan. 1804] (Candolle 1804).

*Carica dodecaphylla* Vell., *Fl. Flumin. Icon.* 10: t. 132 [“1827” publ. 29 Oct. 1831] (Vellozo 1831). — *Jacaratia dodecaphylla* (Vell.) A.DC., *Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle]* 15 (1): 420 [May 1864] (Candolle 1864).

*Jacaratia actinophylla* Pohl ex Solms, *Fl. Bras. [Martius]* 13 (3): 191 [15 Aug. 1889] (Solms 1889), *nom. nud.*

*Jacaratia dodecaphylla f. longiflora* Hassl., *Bull. Herb. Boissier* 7 (App. 1): 74 (Hassler 1899).
Jacaratia dodecaphylla var. lucida Hassl., Bull. Herb. Boissier, sér. 2, 2: 745 (Hassler 1902), "Eichleri".

Jacaratia costaricensis I.M.Johnst., Contr. Gray Herb. 70: 79 (John-
ston 1924).

VERNACULAR NAMES. — Pa: akabdat, kumak-kamwi • Wp: yalakasi
• Nt: tukuman udu • Br: mamão-do-mato, mamão-rana.

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 19 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: *J.B. Aublet s.n.* (original material BM[BM001008452]).

INVENTORY DATA (FG). — 14 trees in 12 plots; Fmax < 1%; dbhinv = 67.7 cm.

Family CARYOCARACEAE Voigt
Genus *Caryocar* F.Allam.

[246] *Caryocar glabrum* (Aubl.) Pers.

Syn. Pl. [Persoon] 2 (1): 84 [Nov. 1806] (Persoon 1806). — *Saouari glabra* Aubl., Hist. Pl. Guiane 1: 599 [Jun.-Dec. 1775] (Aublet 1775). — *Pekea ternata* Poir., Encycl. [J. Lamarck et al.] 5: 148 [9 Jan. 1804] (Poiret 1804), nom. illeg. superfl. (based on *Saouari glabra*). — *Rhizobolus saouvari* Corrèa, Ann. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat. 8: 394 (Corrèa 1806), nom. illeg. superfl. (based on *Saouari glabra*). — *Rhizobolus saouari* Steud., Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel] 1: 688 (Steudel 1821), "*Souari*", nom. illeg. superfl. (based on *Saouari glabra*). — *Rhizobolus glaber* (Aubl.) Corrèa ex Steud., Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel], ed. 2, 2: 449 (Steudel 1841), nom. illeg. superfl. (based on *Caryocar glabrum*, i.e. on the type of *Saouari* Aubl.)

*Caryocar toxiferum* Barb.Rodr., *Vellosia* 1: 11 (Barbosa Rodrigues 1888).

*Caryocar coccineum* Pilg., *Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin-Dahlem* 10: 127 [10 July 1927] (Pilger 1927).

*Caryocar tessmannii* Pilg., *Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin-Dahlem* 10: 126 [10 July 1927] (Pilger 1927).

NOTES. — Hyperdominant in Amazonia (ter Steege *et al.* 2020). Incipiently domesticated by pre-Columbian Amerindians (Clement 1999; Levis *et al.* 2017).

VERNACULAR NAMES. — Pa: sawa • Ka: alukumalilan, sawali • Wp: peke'a lā • Wn: inuuman • Nt: agugagi, maka sii • Cr: chawari-gran-bwa, chawari-rouj • Fr: chawari montagne • Br: piquiárana, tatajuba.

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 78 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: *J.B. Aublet s.n.* (lecto-, LINN[LINN-HS 968.3] designated by Prance [Prance & Silva 1973: 40]).

INVENTORY DATA (FG). — 271 trees in 144 plots; Fmax = 1.3%; dbhinv = 143 cm.

[247] *Caryocar microcarpum* Ducke

Arch. Jard. Bot. Rio de Janeiro 4: 133 (Ducke 1925).

*Caryocar glabrum* var. *edule* Wittm., *Fl. Bras. [Martius]* 12 (1): 349 [1 Apr. 1886] (Wittmack 1886).

*Caryocar glabrum* var. *pilosum* Wittm., *Fl. Bras. [Martius]* 12 (1): 349 [1 Apr. 1886] (Wittmack 1886).

*Caryocar riparium* A.C.Sm., *Lloydia* 2 (3): 195 (Smith 1939).

NOTE. — *Caryocar glabrum* var. *edule* is pro parte in synonymy (excluding synonymy with *C. edule* Casar.)

VERNACULAR NAMES. — Pa: kwairu • Ka: alukumali • Te: alakubali • Wp: seweli • Wn: ulimë, wulimë • Nt: kasanyan, maka sii • Cr: chawari-dilo, chawari-rivié • Fr: chawari rivière • Br: piquiárana-do-igapó.

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 44 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: *M.-F. Prévost 1361*, 25 m × 80 cm.

INVENTORY DATA (FG). — 1 tree, dbh = 47.4 cm.

[248] *Caryocar villosum* (Aubl.) Pers.
(Fig. 15B)

Syn. Pl. [Persoon] 2 (1): 84 [Nov. 1806] (Persoon 1806), "vil-losa". — *Saouari villosa* Aubl., Hist. Pl. Guiane 1: 601 [Jun.-Dec. 1775] (Aublet 1775). — *Pekea villosa* (Aubl.) Poir., Encycl. [J. Lamarck et al.] 5: 148 [9 Jan. 1804] (Poiret 1804).

*Pekea butyrosa* Aubl., Hist. Pl. Guiane 1: 594 [Jun.-Dec. 1775] (Aublet 1775), "*butirosa*", pro parte quoad fructus et flores tantum. — *Rhizobolus butyrosus* (Aubl.) J.F.Gmel., Syst. Nat., ed. 13[bis], 2 (1): 840 [late Sep.-Nov. 1791] (Gmelin 1791), pro parte folia exclusa. — *Caryocar butyrosum* (Aubl.) Willd., Sp. Pl., ed. 4 2 (2): 1243 [Dec. 1799] (Willdenow 1799).

*Caryocar villosum* var. *esculifolium* Wittm., *Fl. Bras. [Martius]* 12 (1): 354 [1 Apr. 1886] (Wittmack 1886).

*Caryocar villosum* var. *macrophyllum* Wittm., *Fl. Bras. [Martius]* 12 (1): 354 [1 Apr. 1886] (Wittmack 1886).

NOTE. — Incipiently domesticated by pre-Columbian Amerindians (Clement 1999; Levis *et al.* 2017).

VERNACULAR NAMES. — Pa: pikia • Ka: pekea • Te: peke'a • Wp: peke'a • Wn: wake • Nt: agugagi, maka sii • Cr: bwa-dibè, pékéya • Fr: arbre à beurre, péquéia • Br: pequiá, piquiá.

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 18 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: *J.B. Aublet s.n.* (original material P-JU, P00671713)].

INVENTORY DATA (FG). — 4 trees in 2 plots; Fmax < 1%; dbhinv = 200 cm.

Family CELASTRACEAE R.Br.
Genus *Cheilocclinium* Miers

[249] *Cheilocclinium cognatum* (Miers) A.C.Sm.

Brittonia 3 (3): 529 (Smith 1940). — *Kippistia cognata* Miers, *Trans. Linn. Soc. London* 28 (2): 417 [post 17 May 1872] (Miers 1872). — *Salacia cognata* (Miers) Peyr., *Fl. Bras. [Martius]* 11 (1): 144 [1 Feb. 1878] (Peyritsch 1878).

*Salacia cognata* var. *egensis* Peyr., *Fl. Bras. [Martius]* 11 (1): 144 [1 Feb. 1878] (Peyritsch 1878), "*Egensis*". — *Tontelea egensis* Poepp. ex Peyr., *Fl. Bras. [Martius]* 11 (1): 144 [1 Feb. 1878] (Peyritsch 1878), *nom. nud. pro syn.*

*Salacia cognata* var. *genuina* Peyr., *Fl. Bras. [Martius]* 11 (1): 144 [1 Feb. 1878] (Peyritsch 1878), *nom. inval.* (Turland *et al.* 2018: Art. 24.3). — *Cheilocclinium lineolatum* (A.C.Sm.) A.C.Sm., *Brittonia* 3 (3): 533 (Smith 1940).
<figure><img src="image_26.png" /><figcaption>FIG. 15. — Caricaceae: **A**, *Jacaratia spinosa* (Aubl.) A.DC. (M.-F. Prévost et al. 4478). Caryocaraceae: **B**, *Caryocar villosum* (Aubl.) Pers. (M.-F. Prévost & S. González 5329). Celastraceae: **C**, *Maytenus* sp. B (D. Sabatier et al. 4786); **D**, *Zinowiewia aymardii* Steyerm. © D. Sabatier/IRD.</figcaption></figure>

*Elaeodendron macrophyllum* Rusby, *Descr. S. Amer. Pl.* 24 [20 Dec. 1920] (Rusby 1920).

*Salacia sphaerocarpa* Rusby, *Descr. S. Amer. Pl.* 52 [20 Dec. 1920] (Rusby 1920).

*Salacia lineolata* A.C.Sm., *Bull. Torrey Bot. Club* 66 (4): 234 [Apr. 1939] (Smith 1939).

*Cheiloclinium neglectum* A.C.Sm., *Brittonia* 3 (3): 532 (Smith 1940).

NOTE. — Hyperdominant in Amazonia (ter Steege *et al.* 2020). Sometimes found as a liana.

VERNACULAR NAMES. — Pa: arak-priyu • Ka: aletipi • Wp: ipo âtá, tatu mila • Br: pitombinha, uarutama.

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 92 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: *D. Sabatier & M.-F. Prévost 2152*.

INVENTORY DATA (FG). — 69 trees in 48 plots; $F_{max} < 1\%$; $dbh_{inv} = 23.6$ cm.

## Genus *Maytenus* Molina

### [250] *Maytenus guyanensis* Klotzsch ex Reissek

Fl. Bras. [Martius] 11 (1): 19 [15 Feb. 1861] (Reissek 1861). — *Maytenus guyanensis* Klotzsch, *Reis. Br.-Guiana* [Ri. Schomburgk] 3: 1097 ["1848" publ. 7-10 Mar. 1849] (Klotzsch 1849), *nom. subnud.*

*Maytenus guyanensis* f. crenulata Steyerm., *Fieldiana*, *Bot.* 28 (2): 338 (Steyermark 1952), "guianensis".

NOTE. — Reissek cited "*M. guyanensis* Kl." [instead of "*guianensis*"], but as *M. guyanensis* Klotzsch is not validly published, "*guianensis*" should be considered as the original spelling.

VERNACULAR NAMES. — Ka: uwato epityi • Br: chichuasca.

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 9 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: *D. Sabatier & M.-F. Prévost 2541*.

INVENTORY DATA (FG). — 11 trees in 7 plots; $F_{max} < 1\%$; $dbh_{inv} = 57.6$ cm.
[251] *Maytenus* sp. A

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — A single collection, *J.-F. Molino & D. Sabatier 2850*.

INVENTORY DATA (FG). — 1 tree, dbh = 69.6 cm.

[252] *Maytenus* sp. B
(Fig. 15C)

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — A single collection, *D. Sabatier et al. 4786*.

INVENTORY DATA (FG). — 11 trees in 8 plots; Fmax < 1%; dbhinv = 40.3 cm.

Genus *Monteverdia* A.Rich.

[253] *Monteverdia floribunda* (Reissek) Biral

*Syst. Bot.* 42 (4): 689 [epubl. 18 Dec. 2017] (Biral 2017). — *Maytenus floribunda* Reissek, *Fl. Bras. [Martius]* 11 (1): 16 [15 Feb. 1861] (Reissek 1861).

*Maytenus cardenasii* Rusby, *Mem. New York Bot. Gard.* 7: 290 (Rusby 1927).

*Maytenus erythrocarpa* Rusby, *Mem. New York Bot. Gard.* 7: 290 (Rusby 1927).

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 6 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: *J.-F. Molino & D. Sabatier 1994*.

INVENTORY DATA (FG). — 14 trees in 12 plots; Fmax < 1%; dbhinv = 24.5 cm.

[254] *Monteverdia myrsinoides* (Reissek) Biral

*Syst. Bot.* 42 (4): 689 [epubl. 18 Dec. 2017] (Biral 2017). — *Maytenus myrsinoides* Reissek, *Fl. Bras. [Martius]* 11 (1): 21 [15 Feb. 1861] (Reissek 1861). — *Maytenus reissekii* Urb., *Festschr. Ascherson 58* (Urban 1904), *nom. illeg. superfl.* (based on *Maytenus myrsinoides* Reissek, *non* Urb. [Urban 1904]).

NOTE. — By transferring *Myginda myrsinoides* Kunth [= *Crosso-petalum myrsinoides* (Kunth) Kuntze (1891), “*myrtinodes*”)] into *Maytenus Molina*, Urban (1904: 58) created a later homonym of *Maytenus myrsinoides* Reissek. Curiously, he treated the latter as if it was itself the later homonym, and created a new name for the corresponding taxon. As a result, *Maytenus reissekii* is superfluous.

VERNACULAR NAMES. — Ka: palakasana • Wp: kawe là • Cr: bwa-bich • Br: apiranga, cafezinho.

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 29 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: *M.-F. Prévost & P. Grenand 910*.

INVENTORY DATA (FG). — 20 trees in 16 plots; Fmax < 1%; dbhinv = 68.4 cm.

[255] *Monteverdia oblongata* (Reissek) Biral

*Syst. Bot.* 42 (4): 689 [epubl. 18 Dec. 2017] (Biral 2017). — *Maytenus oblongata* Reissek, *Fl. Bras. [Martius]* 11 (1): 25 [15 Feb. 1861] (Reissek 1861).

NOTE. — Known only from the Guiana Shield.

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 47 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: *J.-F. Molino et al. 2086*.

INVENTORY DATA (FG). — 170 trees in 77 plots; Fmax = 1.1%; dbhinv = 86 cm.

Genus *Salacia* L.

[256] *Salacia elliptica* (Mart.) G.Don

*Gen. Hist.* 1: 628 [early Aug. 1831] (Don 1831). — *Anthodon ellipticus* Mart., *Mant. 1* [*Schultes*]: 348 (Martius 1822), “*Anthodon*”. — *Tonsella elliptica* (Mart.) Spreng., *Syst. Veg.* [*Sprengel*] 1: 178 [“1825” publ. late 1824] (Sprengel 1824). — *Raddia elliptica* (Mart.) Miers, *Trans. Linn. Soc. London* 28 (2): 395 [post 17 May 1872] (Miers 1872).

*Anthodon glomeratus* Mart., *Mant. 1* [*Schultes*]: 348 (Martius 1822), “*Anthodus*”. — *Tonsella glomerata* (Mart.) Spreng., *Syst. Veg.* [*Sprengel*] 1: 177 [“1825” publ. late 1824] (Sprengel 1824). — *Salacia glomerata* (Mart.) G.Don, *Gen. Hist.* 1: 628 [early Aug. 1831] (Don 1831). — *Raddia glomerata* (Mart.) Miers, *Trans. Linn. Soc. London* 28 (2): 397 [post 17 May 1872] (Miers 1872).

*Anthodon oblongifolius* Mart., *Mant. 1* [*Schultes*]: 348 (Martius 1822), “*Anthodus*”. — *Tonsella oblongifolia* (Mart.) Spreng., *Syst. Veg.* [*Sprengel*] 1: 178 [“1825” publ. late 1824] (Sprengel 1824). — *Salacia oblongifolia* (Mart.) G.Don, *Gen. Hist.* 1: 628 [early Aug. 1831] (Don 1831). — *Raddia oblongifolia* (Mart.) Miers, *Trans. Linn. Soc. London* 28 (2): 393 [post 17 May 1872] (Miers 1872). — *Salacia elliptica* var. *oblongifolia* (Mart.) Peyr., *Fl. Bras. [Martius]* 11 (1): 157 [1 Feb. 1878] (Peyritsch 1878).

*Salacia obtusifolia* Cambess., *Fl. Bras. Merid. [A. St.-Hil.]* (quarto ed.) 2 (13): 105 [10 Oct. 1829] (Cambessèdes 1829). — *Tontelea obtusifolia* (Cambess.) Endl. ex Walp., *Repert. Bot. Syst. [Walpers]* 1 (3): 400 [6-8 Nov. 1842] (Walpers 1842).

*Salacia erythroxyloides* Cambess., *Fl. Bras. Merid. [A. St.-Hil.]* (quarto ed.) 2 (13): 106 [10 Oct. 1829] (Cambessèdes 1829). — *Tontelea erythroxyloides* (Cambess.) Endl. ex Walp., *Repert. Bot. Syst. [Walpers]* 1 (3): 400 [6-8 Nov. 1842] (Walpers 1842).

*Salacia obtusifolia* var. *parviflora* Cambess., *Fl. Bras. Merid. [A. St.-Hil.]* (quarto ed.) 2 (13): 106 [10 Oct. 1829] (Cambessèdes 1829).

*Tontelea guianensis* Klotzsch, *Reis. Br.-Guiana* [*Ri. Schomburgk*] 2: 9 [12-15 July 1848] (Klotzsch 1848), *nom. nud.*

*Salacia guianensis* Klotzsch, *Reis. Br.-Guiana* [*Ri. Schomburgk*] 3: 1183 [“1848” publ. 7-10 Mar. 1849] (Klotzsch 1849), *nom. nud.*

*Raddia fasciculata* Miers, *Trans. Linn. Soc. London* 28 (2): 391 [post 17 May 1872] (Miers 1872).

*Raddia firmifolia* Miers, *Trans. Linn. Soc. London* 28 (2): 391 [post 17 May 1872] (Miers 1872).

*Raddia lacunosa* Miers, *Trans. Linn. Soc. London* 28 (2): 392 [post 17 May 1872] (Miers 1872). — *Salacia lacunosa* (Miers) Peyr., *Fl. Bras. [Martius]* 11 (1): 158 [1 Feb. 1878] (Peyritsch 1878).

*Raddia pachyphylla* Miers, *Trans. Linn. Soc. London* 28 (2): 396 [post 17 May 1872] (Miers 1872). — *Salacia pachyphylla* (Miers) Peyr., *Fl. Bras. [Martius]* 11 (1): 158 [1 Feb. 1878] (Peyritsch 1878).

*Salacia elliptica* var. *apiculata* Peyr., *Fl. Bras. [Martius]* 11 (1): 157 [1 Feb. 1878] (Peyritsch 1878).
*Salacia affinis* Peyr., *Fl. Bras.* [Martius] 11 (1): 159 [1 Feb. 1878] (Peyritsch 1878).

*Salacia amygdalina* Peyr., *Fl. Bras.* [Martius] 11 (1): 159 [1 Feb. 1878] (Peyritsch 1878).

*Salacia duckei* A.C.Sm., *Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb.* 29 (8): 331 [23 Jan. 1950] (Smith 1950).

*Salacia induta* Rizzini, *Rodriguésia* 28 (41): 171 (Rizzini 1976).

NOTE. — Mostly as a liana, rarely a tree.

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 3 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: R.A.A. Oldeman B-2028.

INVENTORY DATA (FG). — 1 tree, dbh = 17 cm.

[257] *Salacia impressifolia* (Miers) A.C.Sm.

Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 66 (4): 247 [Apr. 1939] (Smith 1939). — *Raddia impressifolia* Miers, *Trans. Linn. Soc. London* 28 (2): 392 [post 17 May 1872] (Miers 1872).

*Anthodon grandiflorus* Benth., *Hooker's J. Bot. Kew Gard. Misc.* 4: 10 (Bentham 1852). — *Salacia grandiflora* (Benth.) Peyr., *Fl. Bras.* [Martius] 11 (1): 157 [1 Feb. 1878] (Peyritsch 1878), *nom. illeg.* *hom., non* Kurz (1872).

*Salacia polyanthomaniaca* Barb.Rodr., *Vellosia* 1: 16 (Barbosa Rodrigues 1888).

VERNACULAR NAMES. — Wp: kusi'u së'ë, wali lapi'a • Br: tartaruginha, waimiratipi.

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 8 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: *D. Sabatier* 876.

SIZE. — Up to 12 m tall (Mennega & Hedin 1999).

[258] *Salacia juruana* Loes.

Verh. Bot. Vereins Prov. Brandenburg 48: 181 ["1906" publ. 8 Mar. 1907] (Loesener 1907).

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 4 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: S.A. Mori & J.J. Pipoly 15534.

SIZE. — Ecuador, Pastaza. *A. Alvarez 2510* (MO), 12 m × 14.5 cm.

Genus *Zinowiewia* Turcz.

[259] *Zinowiewia aymardii* Steyerm.
(Fig. 15D)

*Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard.* 75 (3): 1064 [19 Oct. 1988] (Steyermark 1988).

NOTE. — Known only from the Guiana Shield.

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 2 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: *D. Sabatier & J.-F. Molino* 5692.

INVENTORY DATA (FG). — 4 trees in 2 plots; Fmax < 1%; dbhinv = 82 cm.

Family CHRYSOBALANACEAE R.Br.
Genus *Acioa* Aubl.

[260] *Acioa guianensis* Aubl.
(Fig. 16A, B)

Hist. Pl. Guiane 2: 698 [Jun.-Dec. 1775] (Aublet 1775). — *Acia dulcis* Willd., *Sp. Pl.*, ed. 4 3 (1): 717 (Willdenow 1800), *nom. illeg. superfl.* (based on *Acioa guianensis*). — *Acioa dulcis* Steud., *Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel] 1: 9* (Steudel 1821), *nom. illeg. superfl.* (based on *Acioa guianensis*). — *Moquilea aubletiana* Blume, *Mus. Bot.* 2 (1-8): 92 ["1852" publ. Feb. 1856] (Blume 1856), *nom. nov.* (based on *Acioa guianensis*), *non Moquilea guianensis* Aubl. — *Licania aubletiana* (Blume) Lemée, *Fl. Guyane Franç.* 2: 23 (Lemée 1952).

VERNACULAR NAMES. — Pa: ašiu-aška • Nt: nengee udu • Cr: achiwa • Br: castanha-de-cotia.

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 6 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: *J.B. Aublet s.n.* (original material BM[BM000953533]).

INVENTORY DATA (FG). — 3 trees in 2 plots; Fmax < 1%; dbhinv = 84.8 cm.

[261] *Acioa somnolens* Maguire

Brittonia 7: 272 [Dec. 1951] (Maguire 1951).

NOTE. — Known only from French Guiana.

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 2 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: *E.M. Mélinon* 230, 1842 (holo-, P[P00741119]; iso-, P[P00741120]).

Genus *Chrysobalanus* L.

[262] *Chrysobalanus icaco* L.

*Sp. Pl.* 1: 513 [1 May 1753] (Linnaeus 1753).

*Chrysobalanus purpureus* Mill., *Gard. Dict.*, ed. 8, n. 2 [16 Apr. 1768] (Miller 1768).

*Chrysobalanus pellocarpus* G.Mey., *Prim. Fl. Esseq.* 193 [Nov. 1818] (Meyer 1818). — *Chrysobalanus icaco* var. *pellocarpus* (G.Mey.) Hook.f., *Fl. Bras.* [Martius] 14 (2): 7 [17 Apr. 1867] (Hooker 1867). — *Chrysobalanus icaco* subsp. *pellocarpus* (G.Mey.) E.Murray, *Kalmia* 12: 19 (Murray 1982).

*Chrysobalanus ellipticus* Sol. ex Sabine, *Trans. Hort. Soc. London* 5: 453 (Sabine 1824). — *Chrysobalanus icaco* var. *ellipticus* (Sol. ex Sabine) Hook.f., *Fl. Bras.* [Martius] 14 (2): 7 [17 Apr. 1867] (Hooker 1867). — *Chrysobalanus icaco* subsp. *ellipticus* (Sol. ex Sabine) Souza, *Ann. Univ. Abidjan*, C. 15: 101 (Souza 1980).

*Chrysobalanus luteus* Sabine, *Trans. Hort. Soc. London* 5: 453 (Sabine 1824). — *Chrysobalanus icaco* var. *luteus* (Sabine) Souza, *Ann. Univ. Abidjan*, C. 15: 104 (Souza 1980).

*Chrysobalanus orbicularis* Schumach., *Beskr. Guin. Pl.* 232 (Schumacher 1827). — *Chrysobalanus icaco* subsp. *orbicularis* (Schumach.) Souza, *Ann. Univ. Abidjan*, C. 15: 101 (Souza 1980).

*Chrysobalanus guianensis* Klotzsch, *Reis. Br.-Guiana* [Ri. Schomburgk] 3: 1024 ["1848" publ. 7-10 Mar. 1849] (Klotzsch 1849), *nom. nud.*

*Chrysobalanus savannarum* Britton, *Bull. Torrey Bot. Club* 48 (12): 331 ["1921" publ. 1922] (Britton 1922).
*Chrysobalanus interior* Small, *Man. S.E. Fl.*: 645 (Small 1933).

*Chrysobalanus icaco* var. *genuinus* Stehlé, M. Stehlé & Quentin, *Fl. Guadeloupe* [Stehlé] 2 (3): 48 (Stehlé *et al.* 1949), *nom. inval.* (Turland *et al.* 2018: Art. 24.3).

*Chrysobalanus icaco* f. *albus* G.Klotz, *Wiss. Z. Friedrich-Schiller-Univ. Jena, Math.-Naturwiss. Reihe* (Beitr. Phytotax. 6) 29: 461 (Klotz 1980).

*Chrysobalanus icaco* var. *macrocarpus* Souza, *Ann. Univ. Abidjan, C.* 15: 104 (Souza 1980), *nom. inval.* (type not properly cited).

*Chrysobalanus icaco* var. *roseus* Souza, *Ann. Univ. Abidjan, C.* 15: 101 (Souza 1980), *nom. inval.* (no type designated).

**NOTES.** — Incipiently domesticated by pre-Columbian Amerindians (Clement 1999; Levis *et al.* 2017). In French Guiana, restricted to coastal sandridges.

**VERNACULAR NAMES.** — Pa: warahu • Ka: konoto epi • Cr: prin-lans, prin-zikak • Br: guajuru.

**HERBARIUM DATA (FG).** — 36 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: *D. Sabatier* 4896, *dbh* = 12 cm.

## Genus *Couepia* Aubl.

[263] *Couepia bracteosa* Benth.

*J. Bot. [Hooker]* 2: 215 (Bentham 1840). — *Moquilea bracteosa* (Benth.) Walp., *Repert. Bot. Syst. [Walpers]* 2 (1): 7 [5-9 Apr. 1843] (Walpers 1843).

*Couepia bracteosa* var. *grandifolia* Benoist, *Bull. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat.* 29: 597 (Benoist 1923).

*Couepia bracteosa* var. *minor* Ducke, *Arch. Jard. Bot. Rio de Janeiro* 5: 117 (Ducke 1930).

**NOTE.** — Incipiently domesticated by pre-Columbian Amerindians (Clement 1999; Levis *et al.* 2017).

**VERNACULAR NAMES.** — Ka: kuwepi, kwepi • Br: marirana, pajurá-de-racha, pajurá-verdadeiro.

**HERBARIUM DATA (FG).** — 15 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: *E.M. Mélinon s.n.* (original material of *Couepia bracteosa* var. *grandifolia*: P[P04848416, P04848419, P04848420]).

**INVENTORY DATA (FG).** — 107 trees in 46 plots; $F_{max} < 1\%$; $dbh_{inv} = 48.1$ cm.

[264] *Couepia caryophylloides* Benoist

*Bull. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat.* 28: 253 (Benoist 1922).

**VERNACULAR NAMES.** — Pa: bukutru-gateu-duwě • Wp: wila yisi • Nt: kwebi kookoo • Cr: bwa-golèt, golèt-nwé, grigri-rouj • Fr: gaulette noire • Br: pajurá-verdadeiro.

**HERBARIUM DATA (FG).** — 36 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: *G. Wachenheim sér. 3, 0.11* (holo-, P[P00741076]; iso-, P[P00741077, P00741078]).

**INVENTORY DATA (FG).** — 205 trees in 78 plots; $F_{max} = 1.6\%$; $dbh_{inv} = 131$ cm.

[265] *Couepia excelsa* Ducke

*Arch. Jard. Bot. Rio de Janeiro* 5: 116 (Ducke 1930).

**NOTE.** — Known only from the Guiana Shield.

**VERNACULAR NAMES.** — Wn: kula waju.

**HERBARIUM DATA (FG).** — 3 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: *M. Fleury* 1348.

**INVENTORY DATA (FG).** — 8 trees in 7 plots; $F_{max} < 1\%$; $dbh_{inv} = 24.2$ cm.

[266] *Couepia exflexa* Fanshawe & Maguire

*Bull. Torrey Bot. Club* 75 (4): 376 [Jul.-Aug. 1948] (Fanshawe & Maguire 1948).

**NOTE.** — Known only from the Guiana Shield.

**HERBARIUM DATA (FG).** — A single collection, *S.A. Mori et al.* 23464.

**SIZE.** — Guyana. *P. Mutchnick et al.* 117 (MO), 15 m.

[267] *Couepia guianensis* Aubl. subsp. *guianensis*

*Hist. Pl. Guiane* 1: 519 [Jun.-Dec. 1775] (Aublet 1775). — *Acia amara* Willd., *Sp. Pl.*, ed. 4 3 (1): 717 (Willdenow 1800), *nom. illeg. superfl.* (based on *Couepia guianensis*). — *Acioa amara* Steud., *Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel]* 1: 9 (Steudel 1821), *nom. illeg. superfl.* (based on *Couepia guianensis*). — *Moquilea couepia* Steud., *Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel]*, ed. 2, 2: 159 (Steudel 1841), *nom. illeg. superfl.* (based on *Couepia guianensis*).

*Couepia leptostachya* Benth. ex Hook.f., *Fl. Bras.* [Martius] 14 (2): 44 [17 Apr. 1867] (Hooker 1867).

*Couepia versicolor* Benoist, *Bull. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat.* 29: 596 (Benoist 1923).

*Couepia surinamensis* Kleinhoonte, *Recueil Trav. Bot. Néerl.* 22: 390 [“1925” publ. Jan. 1926] (Kleinhoonte 1926).

**NOTE.** — Hyperdominant in Amazonia (ter Steege *et al.* 2020).

**VERNACULAR NAMES.** — Pa: kwep-puvemna • Ka: kuwepi, kwepi • Te: alama'i • Nt: kwebi kookoo • Cr: bwa-golèt, golèt-koumaté • Fr: gaulette • Br: pajurá-verdadeiro.

**HERBARIUM DATA (FG).** — 34 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: *J.B. Aublet s.n.* (lecto-, BM[BM000065023] designated by Prance [1981: 349]).

**INVENTORY DATA (FG).** — 207 trees in 97 plots; $F_{max} = 1.1\%$; $dbh_{inv} = 72.1$ cm.

[268] *Couepia guianensis* subsp. *glandulosa* (Miq.) Prance

*Brittonia* 33 (3): 350 (Prance 1981). — *Couepia glandulosa* Miq., *Stirp. Surinam. Select.*: 28 [“1850” publ. Mar. 1851] (Miquel 1851). — *Moquilea glandulosa* (Miq.) Walp., *Ann. Bot. Syst. [Walpers]* 2 (3): 463 [25-28 Feb. 1852] (Walpers 1852).

*Couepia myrtifolia* Benth. ex Hook.f., *Fl. Bras.* [Martius] 14 (2): 44 [17 Apr. 1867] (Hooker 1867).
<figure><img src="image_27.png" /><figcaption>FIG. 16. — Chrysobalanaceae: **A, B, Acioa guianensis** Aubl.; **C, Couepia joaquinae** Prance (D. Sabatier & J.-F. Molino 5341); **D, Gaulettia elata** (Ducke) Sothers & Prance (D. Sabatier & M.-F. Prévost 4932); **E, Hirtella davisii** Sandwith (D. Sabatier & J.-F. Molino 5708). A, B, © M.-F. Prévost/IRD; C-E, © D. Sabatier/IRD.</figcaption></figure>

*Couepia thyrsiflora* Hook.f., *Fl. Bras.* [Martius] 14 (2): 45 [17 Apr. 1867] (Hooker 1867).

VERNACULAR NAMES. — Wp: kumalaki sili, pali'i sili • Cr: bwagolèt, golèt-koumaté • Br: pajurá-verdadeiro.

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 15 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: *M.-F. Prévost & P. Grenand 2027*.

SIZE. — Brazil, Pará. *G. T. Prance* 1701 (MO), 12 m × 15 cm.

[269] *Couepia habrantha* Standl.

Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Bot. Ser. 17 (3): 249 (Standley 1937).

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 11 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: S.A. *Mori et al. 25554*.

INVENTORY DATA (FG). — 45 trees in 26 plots; Fmax = 2%; dbhinv = 46.2 cm.

[270] *Couepia joaquinae* Prance
(Fig. 16C)

Kew Bull. 46 (1): 107 (Prance 1991).

NOTE. — Known only from the Guiana Shield.

VERNACULAR NAMES. — Pa: bukutru-ateu, bukutru-gateu.

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 11 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: *D. Sabatier & J.-F. Molino 5341*.

INVENTORY DATA (FG). — 27 trees in 13 plots; Fmax = 2.2%; dbhinv = 41.4 cm.

[271] *Couepia magnoliifolia* Benth. ex Hook.f.

*Fl. Bras.* [Martius] 14 (2): 43 [17 Apr. 1867] (Hooker 1867).

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 3 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: *D. Loubry 1698*.

INVENTORY DATA (FG). — 10 trees in 10 plots; Fmax < 1%; dbhinv = 31.2 cm.

[272] *Couepia martinii* Prance

*Fl. Neotrop. Monogr.* 9: 238 [8 June 1972] (Prance 1972).

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — Apparently endemic, presence at-
tested by a single collection, *J. Martin s.n.* (holo-, NY[00428114];
iso-, BM[BM000602473, BM000602474, BM000602475],
F[V0053868F], K[K000220967, K000220968]].

SIZE. — > 10 cm dbh (Cardoso *et al.* 2017).

[273] *Couepia obovata* Ducke

*Arch. Inst. Biol. Veg.* 2 (1): 35 [Sep. 1935] (Ducke 1935).

VERNACULAR NAMES. — Br: macucu-murici, pajurazinho, uchirana.

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 8 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: *D. Sabatier & M.-F. Prévost 3125*.

INVENTORY DATA (FG). — 20 trees in 16 plots; Fmax < 1%; dbhinv = 61.1 cm.

[274] *Couepia rankiniae* Prance

Kew Bull. 47 (4): 640 (Prance 1992), "rankinae", "rankinii" on figure.

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — A single collection, S.A. Mori et al. 25174.

SIZE. — Up to 20 m tall (Prance 1992).

[275] *Couepia* sp. A

NOTE. — This species resembles *C. cognata* (Steud.) Fritsch.

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 2 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: *D. Sabatier & J.-F. Molino 5634*.

INVENTORY DATA (FG). — 8 trees in 6 plots; Fmax < 1%; dbhinv = 29.8 cm.

Genus *Exellodendron* Prance

[276] *Exellodendron barbatum* (Ducke) Prance

Fl. Neotrop. Monogr. 9: 199 [8 June 1972] (Prance 1972). —
*Parinari barbata* Ducke, Arch. Jard. Bot. Rio de Janeiro 3: 45 (Ducke
1922), "*Parinarium barbatum*".

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 3 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: *J.-J. de Granville et al. 6121*.

INVENTORY DATA (FG). — 15 trees in 6 plots; Fmax = 1.2%; dbhinv = 26.4 cm.

Genus *Gaulettia* Sothers & Prance

[277] *Gaulettia canomensis* (Mart.) Sothers & Prance

Phytotaxa 172 (3): 184 [18 June 2014] (Sothers & Prance 2014). — *Hirtella canomensis* (Mart.) Spreng., *Syst. Veg. [Sprengel] 4* (2): 341 [Jan.-June 1827] (Sprengel 1827). — *Moquilea canomensis* Mart., *Nova genera et species plantarum [Martius] 2* (2): 80 [Jan.-June 1827] (Martius 1827). — *Couepia canomensis* (Mart.) Benth. ex Hook.f., *Fl. Bras. [Martius] 14* (2): 42 [17 Apr. 1867] (Hooker 1867).

*Parinari pilosa* Standl., Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Bot. Ser. 17 (3): 259 (Standley 1937).

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — A single collection, *D. Sabatier & M.-F. Prévost 3215*.

INVENTORY DATA (FG). — 1 tree, dbh = 17.8 cm.

[278] *Gaulettia elata* (Ducke) Sothers & Prance
(Fig. 16D)

Phytotaxa 172 (3): 186 [18 June 2014] (Sothers & Prance 2014). — *Couepia elata* Ducke, *Arch. Inst. Biol. Veg.* 2 (1): 35 (Ducke 1935).

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 3 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: *D. Sabatier & S. Gonzalez 5370*.

INVENTORY DATA (FG). — 2 trees in 2 plots; Fmax < 1%; dbhinv = 70 cm.

[279] *Gaulettia parillo* (DC.) Sothers & Prance

Phytotaxa 172 (3): 188 [18 June 2014] (Sothers & Prance 2014). — *Couepia parillo* DC., *Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle]* 2: 526 [mid Nov. 1825] (Candolle 1825). — *Moquilea parillo* (DC.) Steud., *Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel]*, ed. 2, 2: 159 (Steudel 1841), "parilla".

*Couepia pauciflora* Huber, *Bol. Mus. Goeldi Hist. Nat. Ethnogr.* 5 (2): 372 (Huber 1909).

*Couepia villosa* Fanshawe & Maguire, *Bull. Torrey Bot. Club* 75 (4): 378 [Jul.-Aug. 1948] (Fanshawe & Maguire 1948).

VERNACULAR NAMES. — Pa: ë-kiavũ, ë-kiavunô • Ka: palipyo, polipyo, polipyoli • Wp: pali'i lã • Cr: golèt-ti-fey.

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 35 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: *Unknown coll. s.n.* ("Herb. Ventenat") (type G[G00177583]).

INVENTORY DATA (FG). — 26 trees in 17 plots; Fmax < 1%; dbhinv = 42 cm.

Genus *Hirtella* L.

[280] *Hirtella araguariensis* Prance

*Fl. Neotrop. Monogr.* 9: 278 [8 June 1972] (Prance 1972).

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 10 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: *C. Delnatte 1445*.

INVENTORY DATA (FG). — 1 tree, dbh = 17.5 cm.

[281] *Hirtella bicornis* Mart. & Zucc. var. *bicornis*

Abh. Math.-Phys. Cl. Königl. Bayer. Akad. Wiss. 1: 377 (Martius & Zuccarini 1832).

*Hirtella praealta* Sagot, *Ann. Sci. Nat.*, Bot. sér. 6, 15: 304 (Sagot 1883).

VERNACULAR NAMES. — Pa: bukutru-gateu-duwē, bukutru-gateu-seinô-puvemna • Ka: kumboeta ši, malimiapo • Te: wila pulua • Wp: tulipalapo, weyu'i • Nt: atila kookoo, kookoo • Cr: golèt-ti-fey • Fr: gaulette à petites feuilles • Br: ajuru, caraipé, caripé.
HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 5 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: *P.A. Sagot* 792, Aug. 1855 (holotype of *Hirtella praealta*: P[P00741050]; iso-, B[not seen, photo F neg. 3351], BR[BR0000006969158], F[V0044063F], G[G00359638], GOET[GOET000875], K[K000220875, K000220876], L[L.1890947], MPU[MPU024071], NY[00335297, 00428266], P[P00741051, P00741052], S[S-R-8150], U[U0001103, U0001104]].

INVENTORY DATA (FG). — 292 trees in 94 plots; Fmax = 5.1%; dbhinv = 48.1 cm.

[282] *Hirtella bicornis* var. *pubescens* Ducke

Arch. Jard. Bot. Rio de Janeiro 3: 269 (Ducke 1922).

Hirtella caudata Kleinhoonte, Recueil Trav. Bot. Néerl. 22: 389 [“1925” publ. Jan. 1926] (Kleinhoonte 1926).

VERNACULAR NAMES. — Wp: tulipalapo, weyu'i • Cr: golèt-ti-fèy • Br: ajuru, caraipé, caripé.

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 33 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: *M.-F. Prévost & D. Sabatier* 2744.

INVENTORY DATA (FG). — 23 trees in 15 plots; Fmax = 1.2%; dbhinv = 36.5 cm.

[283] *Hirtella ciliata* Mart. & Zucc.

Abh. Math.-Phys. Cl. Königl. Bayer. Akad. Wiss. 1: 378 (Martius & Zuccarini 1832).

Grangeria brasiliensis Hoffmanns. ex Mart. & Zucc., Abh. Math.-Phys. Cl. Königl. Bayer. Akad. Wiss. 1: 378 (Martius & Zuccarini 1832), nom. nud. pro syn.

Hirtella rubra Benth., J. Bot. [Hooker] 2: 217 (Bentham 1840).

Hirtella rotundata Pilg., Notizbl. Königl. Bot. Gart. Berlin 6: 140 [20 Mar. 1914] (Pilger 1914).

VERNACULAR NAMES. — Ka: kumboeta ši, kumboeta sipyoti, kupešinilan • Br: ajururana, chorão.

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 8 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: *J.-P. Lescure* 708.

SIZE. — Up to 12 m tall (Prance 1986).

[284] *Hirtella davisii* Sandwith
(Fig. 16E)

Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1935 (3): 125 [20 May 1935] (Sandwith 1935).

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 22 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: *D. Sabatier & J.-F. Molino* 5708.

INVENTORY DATA (FG). — 34 trees in 15 plots; Fmax < 1%; dbhinv = 55.4 cm.

[285] *Hirtella glandulistipula* Ducke

Arch. Jard. Bot. Rio de Janeiro 3: 265 (Ducke 1922).

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — A single collection, C. Feuillet et al. 10083 (MO).

INVENTORY DATA (FG). — 1 tree, dbh = 15.8 cm.

[286] *Hirtella glandulosa* Spreng.

Neue Entdeck. Pflanzenk. 1: 303 (Sprengel 1820).

Hirtella damaziana Beauverd, Bull. Herb. Boissier, sér. 2, 7: 706 (Beauverd 1907).

Hirtella hookeri Pilg., Notizbl. Königl. Bot. Gart. Berlin 6: 139 [20 Mar. 1914] (Pilger 1914).

Hirtella velutina Pilg., Notizbl. Königl. Bot. Gart. Berlin 6: 141 [20 Mar. 1914] (Pilger 1914).

Hirtella wachenheimii Benoist, Bull. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat. 29: 595 (Benoist 1923).

VERNACULAR NAMES. — Pa: bukutru-gateu-seinó • Wp: iwikwisī, mukwisī • Nt: kookoo, nengee udu • Cr: golèt-blan • Fr: gaulette blanche • Br: vermelhão.

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 33 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: *G. Wachenheim* 372 (holotype of *Hirtella wachenheimii*: P[P00741073]; iso-, K[K000220855], P[P00741074, P00741075]).

INVENTORY DATA (FG). — 117 trees in 73 plots; Fmax = 1.1%; dbhinv = 59.7 cm.

[287] *Hirtella hispidula* Miq.

Stirp. Surinam. Select.: 27 [“1850” publ. Mar. 1851] (Miquel 1851).

Hirtella egensis Fritsch, Ann. K. K. Naturhist. Hofmus. 5: 10 (Fritsch 1890), “Egensis”.

Hirtella subsetosa Fanshawe & Maguire, Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 75 (4): 381 [Jul.-Aug. 1948] (Fanshawe & Maguire 1948).

VERNACULAR NAMES. — Pa: ahavuiye • Wn: kulunë ki.

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 45 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: *J.-F. Molino* et al. 1661.

INVENTORY DATA (FG). — 37 trees in 17 plots; Fmax = 1.4%; dbhinv = 21.2 cm.

[288] *Hirtella macrophylla* Benth. ex Hook.f.

Fl. Bras. [Martius] 14 (2): 36 [17 Apr. 1867] (Hooker 1867).

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 3 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: *P. Grenand* et al. 3380.

SIZE. — Brazil, Mato Grosso. C.A. Cid Ferreira 5668 (MO), 13 m × 12 cm.

[289] *Hirtella macrosepala* Sandwith

Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1939 (10): 549 [“1939” publ. 6 Jan. 1940] (Sandwith 1940).
NOTE. — Known only from the Guiana Shield.

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 2 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: *Service Forestier 7237*.

INVENTORY DATA (FG). — 2 trees in 2 plots; $F_{max} < 1\%$; $dbh_{inv} = 22.3$ cm.

[290] *Hirtella margae* Prance

Proc. Kon. Ned. Akad. Wetensch. C 89 (1): 111 (Prance 1986).

NOTE. — Known only from the Guiana Shield.

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 10 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: *M.-F. Prévost & D. Sabatier 2994*.

INVENTORY DATA (FG). — 5 trees in 4 plots; $F_{max} < 1\%$; $dbh_{inv} = 12.1$ cm.

[291] *Hirtella obidensis* Ducke

Arch. Jard. Bot. Rio de Janeiro 3: 267 (Ducke 1922).

*Hirtella lanceolata* Kleinhoonte, *Recueil Trav. Bot. Néerl.* 22: 388 (Kleinhoonte 1926).

*Hirtella coppenamensis* Kleinhoonte, *Recueil Trav. Bot. Néerl.* 30: 180 (Kleinhoonte 1933).

VERNACULAR NAMES. — Ka: kwepilan.

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 4 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: *D. Sabatier & J.-F. Molino 5079*.

INVENTORY DATA (FG). — 10 trees in 6 plots; $F_{max} < 1\%$; $dbh_{inv} = 22$ cm.

[292] *Hirtella paniculata* Sw. (Fig. 17A)

*Prodr. [Swartz]* 51 [20 Jun.-29 July 1788] (Swartz 1788). — *Hirtella hirsuta* Lam., *Tabl. Encycl.* 2[4 (2)]: 114 [6 Nov. 1797] (Lamarck 1797), *nom. illeg. superfl.* (based on *Hirtella paniculata*). — *Hirtella aggregata* Poir., *Encycl. [J. Lamarck et al.]* Suppl. 3: 53 [24 Sep. 1813] (Poiret 1813), *nom. illeg. superfl.* (based on *Hirtella paniculata*).

*Hirtella indecora* Schott ex Spreng., *Syst. Veg. [Sprengel]* 4 (2): 404 [Jan.-June 1827] (Sprengel 1827), *nom. nud. pro syn.*

*Hirtella bracteosa* Steud., *Flora* 26 (45): 761 [17 Dec. 1843] (Steu-del 1843).

VERNACULAR NAMES. — Pa: ahavuiye, ahavuiye-seine • Ka: alilime'i, kumboeta ši, kumboeta sipyoti, kupešinilan • Wp: yanu'i pilā, yanu'i yowa.

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 50 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: *J.P.B. von Rohr s.n.* (original material BM[BM000617503]); *M.-F. Prévost 3856*, $dbh = 12$ cm.

[293] *Hirtella racemosa* Lam. var. *racemosa*

*Encycl. [J. Lamarck et al.]* 3 (1): 133 [19 Oct. 1789] (Lamarck 1789).

*Tachibota guianensis* Aubl., *Hist. Pl. Guiane* 1: 287 [Jun.-Dec. 1775] (Aublet 1775). — *Salmasia guianensis* (Aubl.) J.F.Gmel., *Syst. Nat.*, ed. 13[bis], 2 (1): 500 [late Sep.-Nov. 1791] (Gmelin 1791), *nom. illeg. superfl.* (based on *Tachibota guianensis*). — *Salmasia racemosa* Willd., *Sp. Pl.*, ed. 4 1 (2): 1502 [July 1798] (Willdenow 1798), *nom. illeg. superfl.* (based on *Tachibota guianensis*).

*Hirtella nemorosa* Hoffmanns. ex Roem. & Schult., *Syst. Veg. [Roemer & Schultes]* 5: 274 [Dec. 1819] (Roemer & Schultes 1819).

*Hirtella scandens* Hoffmanns. ex Roem. & Schult., *Syst. Veg. [Roemer & Schultes]* 5: 274 [Dec. 1819] (Roemer & Schultes 1819).

*Hirtella violacea* Steud., *Flora* 26 (45): 761 [17 Dec. 1843] (Steu-del 1843).

*Hirtella racemosa* var. *metallica* Cuatrec., *Fieldiana*, *Bot.* 27 (1): 60 (Cuatrecasas 1950).

NOTES. — Hyperdominant in Amazonia (ter Steege *et al.* 2020). *Tachibota guianensis* Aublet (1775: 287) predates *H. racemosa* Lamarck (1789: 133), but its epithet is no longer transferable because the name is occupied by *Hirtella guyanensis* (Fritsch) Sandwith (1931) (Sandwith 1963).

VERNACULAR NAMES. — Ka: kumboeta ši, kumboeta sipyoti, kupešinilan, piliwa epulu, piliwa pi • Wp: yanu'i, yanu'i pilā • Wn: kulumnē, kulumnē epī, kulunē epku • Nt: asiantefi • Cr: ti-golèt, ti-golèt-rouj • Br: caripérana-branca.

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 74 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: *J.B. Aublet s.n.* (lectotype of *Tachibota guianensis* [P-JJR, P00778468] designated by Lanjouw & Uittien [1940: 159]).

INVENTORY DATA (FG). — 3 trees in 3 plots; $F_{max} < 1\%$; $dbh_{inv} = 18.1$ cm.

[294] *Hirtella racemosa* var. *hexandra* (Willd.) Prance

*Fl. Neotrop. Monogr.* 9: 328 [8 June 1972] (Prance 1972). — *Hirtella hexandra* Willd., *Syst. Veg. [Roemer & Schultes]* 5: 274 [Dec. 1819] (Willdenow 1819). — *Hirtella americana* L. var. *hexandra* (Willd.) Hook.f., *Fl. Bras. [Martius]* 14 (2): 33 [17 Apr. 1867] (Hooker 1867).

*Hirtella nitida* Humb. & Bonpl. ex Roem. & Schult., *Syst. Veg. [Roemer & Schultes]* 5: 274 [Dec. 1819] (Roemer & Schultes 1819).

*Hirtella acayacensis* Sessé & Moc. ex DC., *Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle]* 2: 529 [mid Nov. 1825] (Candolle 1825).

*Hirtella oblongifolia* DC., *Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle]* 2: 529 [mid Nov. 1825] (Candolle 1825). — *Hirtella americana* var. *oblongifolia* (DC.) Hook.f., *Fl. Bras. [Martius]* 14 (2): 34 [17 Apr. 1867] (Hooker 1867). — *Hirtella racemosa* var. *oblongifolia* (DC.) Standl., *Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Bot. Ser.* 17 (3): 252 (Standley 1937).

*Hirtella rosea* Sessé & Moc. ex DC., *Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle]* 2: 529 [mid Nov. 1825] (Candolle 1825), *nom. nud. pro syn.*

*Hirtella coriacea* Mart. & Zucc., *Abh. Math.-Phys. Cl. Königl. Bayer. Akad. Wiss.* 1: 383 (Martius & Zuccarini 1832).

*Hirtella filiformis* C.Presl, *Symb. Bot. [C. Presl]* 2: 23 [July 1834] (Presl 1834).

NOTES. — The name *Hirtella hexandra* is to be ascribed to Willdenow alone (Turland *et al.* 2018: Art. 46.3, Ex. 15; see also IPNI
2020 and Taylor & Gereau 2019); hence the authorship is neither
“Willd. ex Roem. & Schult.” nor “Willd. ex Schult.”

VERNACULAR NAMES. — Wn: kulumnë • Nt: asiantefi.

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 6 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: *M. Fleury* 238.

SIZE. — Brazil, Maranhão. B.A. Krukoff 11867 (MO), 25 ft. × 4 inch. (7.5 m × 10 cm).

[295] *Hirtella silicea* Griseb.

Fl. Brit. W.I. [Grisebach] 229 [late 1860] (Grisebach 1860).

Hirtella melinonii Benoist, Bull. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat. 29: 596 (Benoist 1923).

Hirtella manigera Kleinhoonte, Recueil Trav. Bot. Néerl. 22: 387 [“1925” publ. Jan. 1926] (Kleinhoonte 1926).

NOTE. — Known only from the Guiana Shield.

VERNACULAR NAMES. — Ka: kupešinilan, palipali • Wp: yanu'i pilà, yanu'i yowa • Cr: golèt-fronmi.

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 52 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: *E.M. Mélinon* 132, 1842 (holotype of *Hirtella melinonii*: P[P00741046]; iso-, NY[00428251], P[P00741045, P00741047], US[00130896]).

INVENTORY DATA (FG). — 9 trees in 3 plots; Fmax = 1.2%; dbhinv = 10.8 cm.

[296] *Hirtella suffulta* Prance

Fl. Neotrop. Monogr. 9: 308 [8 June 1972] (Prance 1972).

VERNACULAR NAMES. — Pa: inutauviye • Nt: kookoo.

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 13 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: *D. Sabatier & M.-F. Prévost* 3296.

INVENTORY DATA (FG). — 13 trees in 6 plots; Fmax < 1%; dbhinv = 52.2 cm.

[297] *Hirtella tenuifolia* Prance

Fl. Neotrop. Monogr. 9: 321 [8 June 1972] (Prance 1972).

VERNACULAR NAMES. — Pa: ahavuiye • Ka: kupešinilan, kumboeta ši, piłiwa epulu • Wn: kulumnë epí, kulunë epku • Nt: santo.

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 50 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: *B. Maguire* et al. 47110 (holo-, NY[00468701]; iso-, IAN[IAN108482], US[00130913]).

INVENTORY DATA (FG). — 2 trees in 2 plots; Fmax < 1%; dbhinv = 16.9 cm.

[298] *Hirtella triandra* Sw.

Prodr. [Swartz] 51 [20 Jun.-29 July 1788] (Swartz 1788). — *Chrysobalanus triandra* (Sw.) Morales, *Anales Acad. Ci. Med. Habana*

23: 390 (Morales 1887). — *Zamzela racemosa* Raf., *Sylva Tellur.*: 90 (Rafinesque 1838), *nom. illeg. superfl.* (based on *Hirtella triandra*).

Hirtella paniculata Lam., *Encycl. [J. Lamarck et al.]* 3 (1): 133 [19 Oct. 1789] (Lamarck 1789), *nom. illeg. hom.*, *non Sw.* (Swartz 1788).

Hirtella cosmibuena Lam., *Tabl. Encycl.* 2[4 (2)]: 114 [6 Nov. 1797] (Lamarck 1797).

Hirtella racemosa Ruiz & Pav., *Flora Peruviana* 3: 5 (Ruiz & Pavón 1802), *nom. illeg. hom.*, *non Lam.* (Lamarck 1789).

Hirtella peruviana Pers., *Syn. Pl. [Persoon]* 1: 250 [1 Apr.-15 June 1805] (Persoon 1805). — *Sphenista peruviana* (Pers.) Raf., *Sylva Tellur.*: 91 (Rafinesque 1838).

Hirtella castanea DC., *Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle]* 2: 528 [mid Nov. 1825] (Candolle 1825).

Hirtella bracteata Mart. & Zucc., *Abh. Math.-Phys. Cl. Königl. Bayer. Akad. Wiss.* 1: 384 (Martius & Zuccarini 1832).

Hirtella jamaicensis Urb., *Symb. Antill. [Urban]* 5 (3): 355 [20 May 1908] (Urban 1908).

Hirtella multiflora Urb., *Symb. Antill. [Urban]* 5 (3): 356 [20 May 1908] (Urban 1908).

NOTES. — *Hirtella peruviana* Pers. is a legitimate and valid replace-
ment name for *H. racemosa* Ruiz & Pav. Although not intended as
such (the older *H. racemosa* Lam. is not cited in the protologue), it
complies with both requirements of Art. 6.13 (Turland *et al.* 2018):
i) the potentially replaced name (*H. racemosa* Ruiz & Pav.) is given
as synonym, and ii) the conditions for valid publication (descrip-
tion) are independently met. Being legitimate, it has to be treated
as the basionym of *Sphenista peruviana* (Pers.) Raf.

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — No specimen seen, present according
to Prance & Sothers (2003b).

SIZE. — Up to 15 m tall (Prance & Sothers 2003b).

Genus *Hymenopus* (Benth.) Sothers & Prance

[299] *Hymenopus amapaensis* (Prance) Sothers & Prance
(Fig. 17B)

Kew Bull. 71 (4)-58: 17 [epubl. 15 Dec. 2016] (Sothers & Prance 2016). — *Licania amapaensis* Prance, *Fl. Neotrop. Monogr.* 9: 174 [8 June 1972] (Prance 1972).

NOTE. — Known only from the Guiana Shield.

VERNACULAR NAMES. — Pa: inutauviye.

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 23 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: *D. Sabatier & M.-F. Prévost* 3953.

INVENTORY DATA (FG). — 19 trees in 13 plots; Fmax < 1%; dbhinv = 21.9 cm.

[300] *Hymenopus caudatus* (Prance) Sothers & Prance

Kew Bull. 71 (4)-58: 17 [epubl. 15 Dec. 2016] (Sothers & Prance 2016). — *Licania caudata* Prance, *Fl. Neotrop. Monogr.* 9: 100 [8 June 1972] (Prance 1972).

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 8 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: S.A. Mori et al. 24995.

INVENTORY DATA (FG). — 2 trees in 2 plots; Fmax < 1%; dbhinv = 20.4 cm.
<figure><img src="image_28.png" /><figcaption>FIG. 17. — Chrysobalanaceae: A, *Hirtella paniculata* Sw. (M.-F. Prévost 3856); B, *Hymenopus amapaensis* (Prance) Sothers & Prance (M.-F. Prévost & D. Sabatier 3002); C, *Hymenopus latistipulus* (Prance) Sothers & Prance (M.-F. Prévost & D. Sabatier 2992); D, *Licania ovalifolia* Kleinhoonte (D. Sabatier & J.-F. Molino 4835). A-C, © M.-F. Prévost/IRD; D, © D. Sabatier/IRD.</figcaption></figure>

[301] *Hymenopus divaricatus* (Benth.) Sothers & Prance

Kew Bull. 71 (4)-58: 17 [epubl. 15 Dec. 2016] (Sothers & Prance 2016). — *Licania divaricata* Benth., *J. Bot. [Hooker]* 2: 221 (Bentham 1840). — *Licania heteromorpha* Benth. var. *divaricata* (Benth.) Fritsch, *Ann. K. K. Naturhist. Hofmus*. 4: 45 (Fritsch 1889).

VERNACULAR NAMES. — Pa: inutauviye • Ka: anaula, ityulutano yapopale.

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 2 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: *D. Sabatier & J.-F. Molino* 5629.

INVENTORY DATA (FG). — 33 trees in 3 plots; Fmax = 3.6 %; dbhinv = 50.5 cm.
[302] *Hymenopus glabriflorus* (Prance) Sothers & Prance

Kew Bull. 71 (4)-58: 18 [epubl. 15 Dec. 2016] (Sothers & Prance 2016). — *Licania glabriflora* Prance, *Fl. Neotrop. Monogr.* 9: 104 [8 June 1972] (Prance 1972).

VERNACULAR NAMES. — Ka: kumboša šipyoti.

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 7 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: *B.M. Boom & S.A. Mori* 2344.

INVENTORY DATA (FG). — 3 trees in 3 plots; Fmax < 1%; dbhinv = 30.9 cm.

[303] *Hymenopus heteromorphus* (Benth.) Sothers & Prance var. *heteromorphus*

Kew Bull. 71 (4)-58: 18 [epubl. 15 Dec. 2016] (Sothers & Prance 2016). — *Licania heteromorpha* Benth., *J. Bot. [Hooker]* 2: 221 (Bentham 1840).

*Licania guianensis* Klotzsch, *Reis. Br.-Guiana [Ri. Schomburgk]* 3: 1199 [“1848” publ. 7-10 Mar. 1849] (Klotzsch 1849), *nom. nud.*

*Licania benthamii* Hook.f., *Fl. Bras. [Martius]* 14 (2): 12 [17 Apr. 1867] (Hooker 1867).

*Licania biglandulosa* Griseb. ex Urb., *Symb. Antill. [Urban]* 5 (3): 354 [20 May 1908] (Urban 1908).

NOTE. — Hyperdominant in Amazonia (ter Steege *et al.* 2020).

VERNACULAR NAMES. — Pa: asiu, ašiu, asiu-seinô, ašiu-seinô, inutauviye • Ka: anaula, kumeti, yapopale • Wp: wila imi’i, wila umi’i • Wn: kulawaja, kulawaju • Nt: boliken kookoo • Cr: golèt-endjen, golèt-rouj • Fr: gaulette rouge • Br: caripérana, macucu-fofo.

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 51 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: *D. Sabatier & M.-F. Prévost* 2270.

INVENTORY DATA (FG). — 1001 trees in 136 plots; Fmax = 7.5%; dbhinv = 53 cm.

[304] *Hymenopus heteromorphus* var. *glabrus* (Mart. ex Hook.f.) Sothers & Prance

Kew Bull. 71 (4)-58: 18 [epubl. 15 Dec. 2016] (Sothers & Prance 2016). — *Licania glabra* Mart. ex Hook.f., *Fl. Bras. [Martius]* 14 (2): 10 [17 Apr. 1867] (Hooker 1867). — *Licania heteromorpha* var. *glabra* (Mart. ex Hook.f.) Prance, *Fl. Neotrop. Monogr.* 9: 108 [8 June 1972] (Prance 1972).

*Licania costata* Spruce ex Hook.f., *Fl. Bras. [Martius]* 14 (2): 10 [17 Apr. 1867] (Hooker 1867), *nom. nud. pro syn.*

VERNACULAR NAMES. — Wp: wila imi’i, wila umi’i • Cr: golèt-endjen, golèt-rouj • Fr: gaulette rouge • Br: caripérana, macucu-fofo.

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — A single collection, *C. Baraloto et al.* 3500.

INVENTORY DATA (FG). — 4 trees in 2 plots; Fmax < 1%; dbhinv = 37.7 cm.

[305] *Hymenopus intrapetiolaris* (Spruce ex Hook.f.) Sothers & Prance

Kew Bull. 71 (4)-58: 19 [epubl. 15 Dec. 2016] (Sothers & Prance 2016). — *Licania intrapetiolaris* Spruce ex Hook.f., *Fl. Bras. [Martius]* 14 (2): 11 [17 Apr. 1867] (Hooker 1867).

*Licania heteromorpha* var. *grandifolia* Benoist, *Bull. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat.* 25: 513 (Benoist 1919).

*Licania intrapetiolaris* var. *brevis* J.F.Macbr., *Candollea* 5: 369 (Macbride 1934).

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — A single collection, *J. Martin s.n.* (original material of *Licania heteromorpha* var. *grandifolia*: B[BM000602310], K[K000220657], US[00130810]).

SIZE. — Venezuela, Bolíva. *B.M. Boom* 10418 (MO), 15 m × 15 cm.

[306] *Hymenopus laevigatus* (Prance) Sothers & Prance

Kew Bull. 71 (4)-58: 19 [epubl. 15 Dec. 2016] (Sothers & Prance 2016). — *Licania laevigata* Prance, *Fl. Neotrop. Monogr.* 9S: 41 [8 Mar. 1989] (Prance 1989).

VERNACULAR NAMES. — Pa: inutauviye • Wp: wila imi’i, wila umi’i • Br: macucu-sangue.

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 12 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: *D. Sabatier & M.-F. Prévost* 4234.

INVENTORY DATA (FG). — 7 trees in 5 plots; Fmax < 1%; dbhinv = 19.3 cm.

[307] *Hymenopus latifolius* (Benth. ex Hook.f.) Sothers & Prance

Kew Bull. 71 (4)-58: 19 [epubl. 15 Dec. 2016] (Sothers & Prance 2016). — *Licania latifolia* Benth. ex Hook.f., *Fl. Bras. [Martius]* 14 (2): 11 [17 Apr. 1867] (Hooker 1867).

*Licania obovata* Benth. ex Hook.f., *Fl. Bras. [Martius]* 14 (2): 11 [17 Apr. 1867] (Hooker 1867).

VERNACULAR NAMES. — Pa: inutauviye • Br: macucu-sangue.

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 5 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: *D. Sabatier* 1539.

INVENTORY DATA (FG). — 22 trees in 11 plots; Fmax < 1%; dbhinv = 35.7 cm.

[308] *Hymenopus latistipulus* (Prance) Sothers & Prance (Fig. 17C)

Kew Bull. 71 (4)-58: 20 [epubl. 15 Dec. 2016] (Sothers & Prance 2016). — *Licania latistipula* Prance, *Fl. Neotrop. Monogr.* 9: 103 [8 June 1972] (Prance 1972).

NOTE. — Known only from the Guiana Shield.

VERNACULAR NAMES. — Wp: wila imi’i wu, wila umi’i wu.

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 23 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: *D. Sabatier & M.-F. Prévost* 2417.

INVENTORY DATA (FG). — 50 trees in 354 plots; Fmax < 1%; dbhinv = 48.7 cm.
[309] *Hymenopus macrophyllus* (Benth.) Sothers & Prance

Kew Bull. 71 (4)-58: 20 [epubl. 15 Dec. 2016] (Sothers & Prance 2016). — *Licania macrophylla* Benth., *Hooker's J. Bot. Kew Gard. Misc.* 2: 240 (Bentham 1850).

VERNACULAR NAMES. — Pa: inura • Ka: alauna, atana • Te: anawa • Wp: ana wila • Wn: kalapaimë, makalawalaimë • Nt: busi peesina • Cr: anawa, grigri-rouj • Br: anauera, anauira, macucu-terra, pintadinha.

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 27 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: *M.-F. Prévost 1364*, dbh 20 cm.

[310] *Hymenopus occultans* (Prance) Sothers & Prance

Kew Bull. 71 (4)-58: 20 [epubl. 15 Dec. 2016] (Sothers & Prance 2016). — *Licania occultans* Prance, *Fl. Neotrop. Monogr.* 9S: 42 [8 Mar. 1989] (Prance 1989).

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 10 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: *D. Sabatier & M.-F. Prévost 3857*.

INVENTORY DATA (FG). — 31 trees in 17 plots; Fmax < 1%; dbhinv = 34.1 cm.

[311] *Hymenopus reticulatus* (Prance) Sothers & Prance

Kew Bull. 71 (4)-58: 21 [epubl. 15 Dec. 2016] (Sothers & Prance 2016). — *Licania reticulata* Prance, *Fl. Neotrop. Monogr.* 9: 97 [8 June 1972] (Prance 1972).

VERNACULAR NAMES. — Wp: wila imi'i, wila umi'i.

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 12 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: *P. Grenand 642*; *M.-F. Prévost & D. Sabatier 2789*, height 18 m.

Genus *Leptobalanus* (Benth.) Sothers & Prance

[312] *Leptobalanus apetalus* (E.Mey.) Sothers & Prance var. *apetalus*

Kew Bull. 71 (4)-58: 24 [epubl. 15 Dec. 2016] (Sothers & Prance 2016). — Hirtella apetala E.Mey., *Nova Acta Phys.-Med. Acad. Caes. Leop.-Carol. Nat. Cur.* 12: 803 (Meyer 1825). — *Licania apetala* (E.Mey.) Fritsch, *Ann. K. K. Naturhist. Hofmus.* 4: 54 (Fritsch 1889).

*Licania pendula* Benth., *J. Bot. [Hooker] 2*; 218 (Bentham 1840). — *Moquilea pendula* (Benth.) Hook.f., *Fl. Bras. [Martius]* 14 (2): 22 [17 Apr. 1867] (Hooker 1867). — *Licania apetala* var. pendula (Benth.) Fritsch, *Ann. K. K. Naturhist. Hofmus.* 4: 55 (Fritsch 1889).

*Licania floribunda* Benth., *J. Bot. [Hooker] 2*; 219 (Bentham 1840). — *Moquilea floribunda* (Benth.) Hook.f., *Fl. Bras. [Martius]* 14 (2): 21 [17 Apr. 1867] (Hooker 1867).

*Moquilea orinocensis* Rusby, *Descr. S. Amer. Pl.* 27 [20 Dec. 1920] (Rusby 1920).

*Licania dahlgrenii* Standl., *Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Bot. Ser.* 17 (3): 255 (Standley 1937).

*Licania hylaea* Cuatrec., *Brittonia* 8 (3): 198 [July 1956] (Cuatre-casas 1956).

NOTE. — Hyperdominant in Amazonia (ter Steege *et al.* 2020).

VERNACULAR NAMES. — Ka: kuwepi, kwepi • Br: caraipé, caripé.

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 23 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: *D. Sabatier & M.-F. Prévost 2780*.

INVENTORY DATA (FG). — 5 trees in 5 plots; Fmax < 1%; dbhinv = 42 cm.

[313] *Leptobalanus apetalus* var. *apertus* (Benth.) Sothers & Prance

Kew Bull. 71 (4)-58: 24 [epubl. 15 Dec. 2016] (Sothers & Prance 2016). — *Licania aperta* Benth., *J. Bot. [Hooker] 2*; 218 (Bentham 1840). — *Licania apetala* var. *aperta* (Benth.) Prance, *Fl. Neotrop. Monogr.* 9: 68 [8 June 1972] (Prance 1972).

*Licania pubiflora* Benth., *J. Bot. [Hooker] 2*; 219 (Bentham 1840).

*Licania caracasana* Klotzsch ex Hook.f., *Fl. Bras. [Martius]* 14 (2): 25 [17 Apr. 1867] (Hooker 1867), *nom. nud. pro syn.*

*Licania affinis* Kuntze, *Revis. Gen. Pl.* 1: 217 [5 Nov. 1891] (Kuntze 1891), *nom. illeg. hom.*, *non* Fritsch (1889).

*Licania kuntzeana* Urb., *Symb. Antill. [Urban] 5* (3): 353 [20 May 1908] (Urban 1908), in obs. — *Moquilea kuntzeana* (Urb.) R.O.Williams, *Fl. Trinidad & Tobago* 1 (5): 314 [Aug. 1932] (Williams 1932).

VERNACULAR NAMES. — Ka: kuwepi, kwepi • Br: caraipé, caripé.

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — A single collection, *J.-J. de Granville 488*.

SIZE. — Up to 40 m tall (Prance 1972).

[314] *Leptobalanus granvillei* (Prance) Sothers & Prance

Kew Bull. 71 (4)-58: 26 [epubl. 15 Dec. 2016] (Sothers & Prance 2016). — *Licania granvillei* Prance, *Proc. Kon. Ned. Akad. Wetensch. C* 89 (1): 114 (Prance 1986).

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 38 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: *S.A. Mori & B.M. Boom 14764* (holo-, NY[00345874]; iso-, CAY[CAY010621], P[P00745988]).

INVENTORY DATA (FG). — 132 trees in 48 plots; Fmax = 1.7%; dbhinv = 47.7 cm.

[315] *Leptobalanus latus* (J.F.Macbr.) Sothers & Prance

Kew Bull. 71 (4)-58: 26 [epubl. 15 Dec. 2016] (Sothers & Prance 2016). — *Licania lata* J.F.Macbr., *Candollea* 5: 369 (Macbride 1934).

VERNACULAR NAMES. — Br: caripé, macucu-bobo.

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 2 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: *R.A.A. Oldeman B-1468*.

SIZE. — Up to 20 m tall (Prance 1986).

[316] *Leptobalanus longistylus* (Hook.f.) Sothers & Prance

Kew Bull. 71 (4)-58: 26 [epubl. 15 Dec. 2016] (Sothers & Prance 2016). — *Moquilea longistyla* Hook.f., *Fl. Bras. [Martius]* 14 (2):
24 [17 Apr. 1867] (Hooker 1867). — *Licania longistyla* (Hook.f.) Fritsch, *Ann. K. K. Naturhist. Hofmus*. 4: 56 (Fritsch 1889).

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 11 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: *D. Sabatier & M.-F. Prévost 3243*.

INVENTORY DATA (FG). — 77 trees in 27 plots; $F_{max} = 2.6\%$; $dbh_{inv} = 44.8$ cm.

[317] *Leptobalanus octandrus*
(Hoffmanns. ex Roem. & Schult.) Sothers & Prance

Kew Bull. 71 (4)-58: 27 [epubl. 15 Dec. 2016] (Sothers & Prance 2016). — *Hirtella octandra* Hoffmanns. ex Roem. & Schult., *Syst. Veg. [Roemer & Schultes]* 5: 274 [Dec. 1819] (Roemer & Schultes 1819). — *Licania octandra* (Hoffmanns. ex Roem. & Schult.) Kuntze, *Revis. Gen. Pl.* 1: 217 [5 Nov. 1891] (Kuntze 1891). — *Licania turiuva* Cham. & Schltdl., *Linnaea* 2: 550 (Chamisso & Schlechtendal 1827), “*Turiuva*”, nom. illeg. superfl. (based on *Hirtella octandra*). — *Moquilea turiuva* Hook.f., *Fl. Bras. [Martius]* 14 (2): 25 [17 Apr. 1867] (Hooker 1867), nom. illeg. superfl. (based on *Hirtella octandra*).

*Licania bothynophylla* Mart., *Flora* 24 (2, Beibl.): 15 (Martius 1841). — *Moquilea bothynophylla* (Mart.) Hook.f., *Fl. Bras. [Martius]* 14 (2): 26 [17 Apr. 1867] (Hooker 1867).

*Moquilea utilis* Hook.f., *Fl. Bras. [Martius]* 14 (2): 24 [17 Apr. 1867] (Hooker 1867). — *Licania utilis* (Hook.f.) Fritsch, *Ann. K. K. Naturhist. Hofmus*. 4: 56 (Fritsch 1889).

*Licania sellowiana* Klotzsch ex Hook.f., *Fl. Bras. [Martius]* 14 (2): 26 [17 Apr. 1867] (Hooker 1867), nom. nud. pro syn.

*Licania hookeri* Fritsch var. *obtusa* Huber, *Bol. Mus. Goeldi Hist. Nat. Ethnogr.* 5 (2): 368 (Huber 1909).

*Licania takutuensis* Standl., *Lloydia* 2 (3): 182 (Standley 1939).

NOTES. — Hyperdominant in Amazonia (ter Steege *et al.* 2020). *Moquilea turiuva* Hook.f. is based on the illegitimate *Licania turiuva* Cham. & Schltdl. It is thus treated as a new name, not a new combination.

VERNACULAR NAMES. — Ka: kuwepi, kwepi • Br: caraipé, caripé.

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 14 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: *D. Sabatier & J.-F. Molino 5300*.

INVENTORY DATA (FG). — 27 trees in 9 plots; $F_{max} = 2.6\%$; $dbh_{inv} = 52.4$ cm.

[318] *Leptobalanus persaudii*
(Fanshawe & Maguire) Sothers & Prance

Kew Bull. 71 (4)-58: 28 [epubl. 15 Dec. 2016] (Sothers & Prance 2016). — *Licania persaudii* Fanshawe & Maguire, *Bull. Torrey Bot. Club* 75 (4): 375 [Jul.-Aug. 1948] (Fanshawe & Maguire 1948).

NOTE. — Known only from the Guiana Shield.

VERNACULAR NAMES. — Ka: kuwepi, kwepi.

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 6 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: *S.A. Mori et al. 24370*.

SIZE. — Up to 30 m tall (Prance 1986).

[319] *Leptobalanus sprucei* (Hook.f.) Sothers & Prance

Kew Bull. 71 (4)-58: 28 [epubl. 15 Dec. 2016] (Sothers & Prance 2016). — *Moquilea sprucei* Hook.f., *Fl. Bras. [Martius]* 14 (2): 22 [17 Apr. 1867] (Hooker 1867). — *Licania sprucei* (Hook.f.) Fritsch, *Ann. K. K. Naturhist. Hofmus*. 4: 55 (Fritsch 1889).

VERNACULAR NAMES. — Pa: kwep • Nt: kookoo • Br: caraipé, caripé.

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 18 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: *D. Sabatier & M.-F. Prévost 3657*.

INVENTORY DATA (FG). — 160 trees in 59 plots; $F_{max} = 1\%$; $dbh_{inv} = 39.6$ cm.

Genus *Licania* Aubl.

[320] *Licania affinis* Fritsch

*Ann. K. K. Naturhist. Hofmus*. 4: 50 (Fritsch 1889).

*Licania schomburgkiana* Klotzsch, *Reis. Br.-Guiana* [*Ri. Schomburgk*] 3: 1199 [“1848” publ. 7-10 Mar. 1849] (Klotzsch 1849), nom. nud.

VERNACULAR NAMES. — Wp: pali'i towu • Cr: bwa-golèt, golèt.

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 17 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: *D. Sabatier & J.-F. Molino 4834*.

INVENTORY DATA (FG). — 23 trees in 16 plots; $F_{max} < 1\%$; $dbh_{inv} = 51.6$ cm.

[321] *Licania alba* (Bernoulli) Cuatrec.

Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 35 (6): 588 [21 Aug. 1964] (Cuatrecasas 1964). — *Theobroma album* Bernoulli, Neue Denkschr. Schw. Naturf. Ges. 24 (3): 14 (Bernoulli 1871), “alba”.

*Caraipa longifolia* Aubl., *Hist. Pl. Guiane* 1: 561 [Jun.-Dec. 1775] (Aublet 1775).

*Licania venosa* Rusby, *Descr. S. Amer. Pl.* 26 [20 Dec. 1920] (Rusby 1920).

*Licania longifolia* Benoist, *Bull. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat.* 28: 252 (Benoist 1923).

NOTES. — *Caraipa longifolia* Aubl. is the earliest name for this taxon, but the epithet is no longer transferable to *Licania* because the name is occupied by *L. longifolia* Benoist. Although also a synonym of *L. alba*, *L. longifolia* is not based on Aublet's taxon, having a distinct type. Cuatrecasas (1964: 588) erroneously gives “Übersicht Theobroma 14. 1869” as the publication reference for *Theobroma album* Bernoulli; no such name is found therein.

VERNACULAR NAMES. — Pa: bukutru-gateu-seinô, kwep • Ka: kolokolo • Wp: iwa tâ'îy, payula • Wn: etuwe, kuepi • Nt: baaka kookoo, kookoo • Cr: golèt-blan-gran-fey • Fr: gaulette blanche à grandes feuilles • Br: caraipé, caripé.

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 83 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: *L.C. Richard s.n.* (lectotype of *Licania longifolia* [P[P00745942] designated by Prance & Sothers [2003a: 146]]).

INVENTORY DATA (FG). — 2359 trees in 159 plots; $F_{max} = 9.2\%$; $dbh_{inv} = 96.5$ cm.
[322] *Licania canescens* Benoist

Bull. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat. 25: 514 (Benoist 1919).

NOTES. — Benoist (1919: 514) cited two collections in the proto-
logue: “Maroni n° 13 (Mélinon); Maroni n° 43 (Wachenheim)”.
Prance (1972: 134) cited for the type “Mélinon sn, French Guiana,
Maroni, fl (lectotype, P; isolectotypes, GH, K)”; his lectotype
corresponds to three specimens at P (P00745970, P00745972,
P00745973). All three are labelled “*Licania canescens* R. Ben.” ap-
parently in Benoist’s hand, and the same is true of other *Mélinon*
s.n. at F, GH, K, NY and US (see below). It cannot be excluded
that all these Mélinon specimens are isolectotypes. However, there
is only one *Mélinon 13* in P (P00745971), which is therefore here
designated as the lectotype.

VERNACULAR NAMES. — Pa: bukutru-ateu, bukutru-gateu • Te: tsibila lipi • Wp: payula • Nt: kookoo • Cr: golèt-nwé, grigri • Fr: gaulette noire • Br: caraipé, caripé, macucu-farinha-seca.

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 101 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: *E.M.*
*Mélinon 13*, s.d. (lecto-, P[P00745971], here designated; possible
isolectotypes: F[V0053974F {1862}], GH[GH00046252 {s.d.}],
K[K000220889 {1863}], NY[00428358 {s.d.}], P[P00745970 {s.d.}],
P00745972 {1863}, P00745973 {1864}], US[00130724 {s.d.}].

INVENTORY DATA (FG). — 748 trees in 130 plots; Fmax = 4.9 %; dbhinv = 44.7 cm.

[323] *Licania coriacea* Benth.

J. Bot. [Hooker] 2: 221 (Bentham 1840).

*Licania pallidula* Standl., *Bull. Torrey Bot. Club* 67 (4): 286 [Apr. 1940] (Standley 1940).

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — No specimen seen, present according
to Prance (1986).

SIZE. — Up to 25 m tall (Prance 1986).

[324] *Licania cyathodes* Benoist

Bull. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat. 25: 513 (Benoist 1919).

NOTE. — Known only from the Guiana Shield.

VERNACULAR NAMES. — Pa: bukutru-ateu-priye, bukutru-gateu-
priye • Ka: palipyo, polipyo, polipyoli • Wn: konoimë, watumo.

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 6 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: *P.A. Sagot s.n.*, Oct. 1856 (lecto-, P[P00745955], designated by Prance [1972: 113]; and on a label dated January 1966 affixed to the specimen]; isolecto-, P[P00745956, P00745957]).

INVENTORY DATA (FG). — 7 trees in 6 plots; Fmax < 1%; dbhinv = 21 cm.

[325] *Licania davillifolia* Benoist

Bull. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat. 25: 513 (Benoist 1919).

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 21 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: *E.M.*
*Mélinon s.n.* (lecto-, P[P00745952] designated by Prance [1972: 133];

isolecto-, BM[BM000602317], E[E00326668], F[V0053988F], K[K000220715]).

INVENTORY DATA (FG). — 2 trees in 2 plots; Fmax < 1%; dbhinv = 24.6 cm.

[326] *Licania densiflora* Kleinhoonte

Recueil Trav. Bot. Néerl. 22: 383 [“1925” publ. Jan. 1926] (Kleinhoonte 1926).

*Licania kanukuensis* Standl., *Lloydia* 2 (3): 182 (Standley 1939).

NOTE. — Known only from the Guiana Shield.

VERNACULAR NAMES. — Pa: bukutru-gateu-duwê • Ka: pesisilan • Nt: baaka kookoo, kookoo • Cr: bwa-golèt, golèt • Fr: gaulette.

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 94 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: *D. Sabatier* 925.

INVENTORY DATA (FG). — 151 trees in 44 plots; Fmax = 4.6%; dbhinv = 50.9 cm.

[327] *Licania discolor* Pilg.

Notizbl. Königl. Bot. Gart. Berlin 6: 137 [20 Mar. 1914] (Pilger 1914).

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 5 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: S.A. Mori et al. 23841.

INVENTORY DATA (FG). — 5 trees in 3 plots; Fmax < 1%; dbhinv = 42.2 cm.

[328] *Licania elliptica* Standl.

Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Bot. Ser. 17 (3): 255 (Standley 1937).

*Licania paniculata* Fanshawe & Maguire, *Bull. Torrey Bot. Club* 75 (3): 323 [May-June 1948] (Fanshawe & Maguire 1948).

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 3 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: R.A.A. Oldeman B-3538.

SIZE. — Ecuador. *R. Valencia et al.* 68749 (MO), 9 m × 11 cm.

[329] *Licania fanshawei* Prance

Fl. Neotrop. Monogr. 9: 112 [8 June 1972] (Prance 1972).

NOTE. — Known only from the Guiana Shield.

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 3 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: S.A. Mori et al. 20808.

INVENTORY DATA (FG). — 10 trees in 2 plots; Fmax = 1.4%; dbhinv = 30.6 cm.

[330] *Licania hypoleuca* Benth.

*Bot. Voy. Sulphur* [Bentham]: 91 [26 Oct. 1844] (Bentham 1844).
*Licania microcarpa* Hook.f., *Fl. Bras.* [*Martius*] 14 (2): 15 [17 Apr. 1867] (Hooker 1867).

*Licania grisea* Kleinhoonte, *Recueil Trav. Bot. Néerl.* 22: 382 [“1925” publ. Jan. 1926] (Kleinhoonte 1926).

*Licania parvifolia* Pittier, *Bol. Soc. Venez. Ci. Nat.* 4: 351 (Pittier 1938), *nom. illeg. hom., non* Huber (1909).

*Licania parviflora* var. *conduplicata* Maguire, *Fieldiana*, Bot. 28 (2): 253 (Maguire 1952).

VERNACULAR NAMES. — Pa: bukutru-ateu, bukutru-gateu • Ka: ku-
wepilan tipulu • Wp: pali'i sī.

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 12 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: *D. Sabatier & M.-F. Prévost 2970*.

INVENTORY DATA (FG). — 24 trees in 19 plots; Fmax < 1%; dbhinv = 49.3 cm.

[331] *Licania incana* Aubl.

Hist. Pl. Guiane 1: 119 [Jun.-Dec. 1775] (Aublet 1775). — Hedy-
crea incana (Aubl.) J.F.Gmel., Syst. Nat., ed. 13[bis], 2 (1): 428 [late
Sep.-Nov. 1791] (Gmelin 1791), nom. illeg. superfl. (genus name
superfluous, based on the type of Licania Aubl.). — Chrysobalanus
incanus (Aubl.) M.Gómez, Fl. Cuba [Gómez]: 39 (Gómez 1887,
nom. illeg. hom., non Raf. (Rafinesque 1836).

*Licania crassifolia* Benth., *J. Bot. [Hooker]* 2: 221 (Bentham 1840). — *Licania leptostachya* var. *crassifolia* (Benth.) Benoist, *Bull. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat.* 25: 512 (Benoist 1919).

VERNACULAR NAMES. — Ka: akuli elepali, caligni (fide Aublet 1775), kwepilan • Wp: payula piyū • Cr: kaligni-blan • Br: oiticica.

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 10 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: *J.B. Aublet s.n.* (lecto-, P-JJR[P00777908] designated by Lanjouw & Uittien [1940: 152]); *H. van der Werff 23493* (MO), height 15 m.

[332] *Licania irwinii* Prance

Fl. Neotrop. Monogr. 9: 113 [8 June 1972] (Prance 1972).

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 12 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: *D. Sabatier & M.-F. Prévost 2930*.

INVENTORY DATA (FG). — 190 trees in 20 plots; Fmax = 7.9%; dbhinv = 53.2 cm.

[333] *Licania kunthiana* Hook.f.

Fl. Bras. [*Martius*] 14 (2): 16 [17 Apr. 1867] (Hooker 1867).

*Licania hypargyrea* Malme, *Ark. Bot.* 23A(4): 12 (Malme 1930).

*Licania parviflora* var. *submembranacea* Maguire, *Fieldiana*, Bot. 28 (2): 254 (Maguire 1952).

VERNACULAR NAMES. — Pa: á-kiavunó-tivarabuyenē, bukutru-gateu • Wp: pali'i, pali'i sili, payula sili • Nt: kookoo, weti baka • Cr: golèt-grigri • Br: pajurazinho.

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 25 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: *D. Sabatier & M.-F. Prévost 2537*.

INVENTORY DATA (FG). — 62 trees in 16 plots; Fmax = 4.2%; dbhinv = 71.3 cm.

[334] *Licania laxiflora* Fritsch

Ann. K. K. Naturhist. Hofmus. 4: 46 (Fritsch 1889).

*Licania macrophylla* Klotzsch, Reis. *Br.-Guiana* [*Ri. Schomburgk*] 3: 1198 [“1848” publ. 7-10 Mar. 1849] (*Klotzsch 1849*), *nom. nud.*

*Licania gracilis* Kleinhoonte, *Recueil Trav. Bot. Néerl.* 22: 382 [“1925” publ. Jan. 1926] (Kleinhoonte 1926).

VERNACULAR NAMES. — Pa: bukutru-ateu, bukutru-gateu • Ka: ku-
wepilan • Wp: pali'i, pali'i pilà • Nt: kookoo, santi kookoo, weti
kookoo • Br: caripérana.

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 33 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: S.A. Mori & B.M. Boom 15232.

INVENTORY DATA (FG). — 295 trees in 86 plots; Fmax = 2.9%; dbhinv = 56.8 cm.

[335] *Licania leptostachya* Benth.

J. Bot. [Hooker] 2: 220 (Bentham 1840).

*Licania incana* var. *axilliflora* Sagot, *Ann. Sci. Nat.*, Bot. sér. 6, 15: 305 (Sagot 1883). — *Licania leptostachya* var. *axilliflora* (Sagot) Fritsch, *Ann. K. K. Naturhist. Hofmus.* 4: 46 (Fritsch 1889). — *Licania axilliflora* (Sagot) Hochr., *Bull. New York Bot. Gard.* 6 (21): 273 [27 Sep. 1910] (Hochreutiner 1910).

VERNACULAR NAMES. — Ka: kwepilan • Te: tsibila lipikit • Wp: pali'i sī, payula sili • Cr: bwa-golèt, golèt • Br: caraipé, caripé.

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 54 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: *M.-F. Prévost 1301*.

INVENTORY DATA (FG). — 57 trees in 14 plots; Fmax = 4.8%; dbhinv = 18.7 cm.

[336] *Licania majuscula* Sagot

Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot. sér. 6, 15: 306 (Sagot 1883).

*Licania hostmannii* Fritsch, *Ann. K. K. Naturhist. Hofmus.* 4: 42 (Fritsch 1889), “*Hostmanni*”.

VERNACULAR NAMES. — Ka: wokili kupešini, yapopale membo • Wp: payula.

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 21 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: *E.M. Mélinon s.n.* (holo-, P[P00746050]; iso-, BM[BM000602320], F[V0054025F, V0054026F], GH[GH00046286], K[K000220723], NY[00428473], P[P00746051], US[00130830]).

INVENTORY DATA (FG). — 82 trees in 36 plots; Fmax = 1.2%; dbhinv = 70 cm.

[337] *Licania maxima* Prance

Fl. Neotrop. Monogr. 9: 165 [8 June 1972] (Prance 1972).
NOTE. — Known only from the Guiana Shield.

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 3 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: *B. Maguire et al.* 47081 (holo-, NY[00428477]; iso-, F[V0054027F], GH[GH00046287], IAN[IAN108457, IAN137569], MG[MG026468], P[P00746118], U[U0001143], US[00130832]).

SIZE. — Up to 70 cm dbh (Prance 1972).

[338] *Licania membranacea* Sagot ex Laness.

Pl. Util. Col. Franç. 130 (Lanessan 1886).

*Caraipa latifolia* Aubl., *Hist. Pl. Guiane* 1: 561 [Jun.-Dec. 1775] (Aublet 1775), **syn. nov.**

*Licania galibica* Benoist, *Bull. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat.* 25: 515 (Benoist 1919).

NOTES. — *Caraipa latifolia* Aubl. is the earliest name for this taxon, but is epithet can no longer be transferred to *Licania* because *L. latifolia* Benth. ex Hook.f. (1867) occupies the name.

VERNACULAR NAMES. — Pa: bukutru-ateu, bukutru-gateu • Ka: polipyo tagulewe, soloma, wokili kupešini • Nt: baaka kookoo, kookoo • Cr: bwa-golèt, golèt • Fr: gaulette.

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 78 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: *J.B. Aublet s.n.* (original material of *Caraipa latifolia*: BM[BM000602313]).

INVENTORY DATA (FG). — 1201 trees in 161 plots; Fmax = 7.1%; dbhinv = 132 cm.

[339] *Licania micrantha* Miq.

Stirp. *Surinam. Select.*: 29 [“1850” publ. Mar. 1851] (Miquel 1851).

*Licania helvola* Spruce ex Hook.f., *Fl. Bras.* [*Martius* 14 (2): 18 [17 Apr. 1867] (Hooker 1867), *nom. nud. pro syn.*

*Licania anisophylla* Standl., *Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Bot. Ser.* 17 (3): 253 (Standley 1937).

NOTE. — Hyperdominant in Amazonia (ter Steege *et al.* 2020).

VERNACULAR NAMES. — Pa: bukutru-gateu-wahuyo • Ka: soloma, wokili kupešini • Te: tsibit • Wp: pali'i • Wn: kalipoimë • Nt: baaka kookoo, kookoo • Cr: golèt-marikaj, golèt-nwé • Fr: gaulette marécage, gaulette noire • Br: caripérana, pintadinha.

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 34 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: *D. Sabatier & M.-F. Prévost 3379*.

INVENTORY DATA (FG). — 326 trees in 101 plots; Fmax = 1.8%; dbhinv = 104.6 cm.

[340] *Licania ovalifolia* Kleinhoonte
(Fig. 17D)

Recueil Trav. Bot. Néerl. 30: 180 [July 1933] (Kleinhoonte 1933).

*Licania stahelii* Kleinhoonte, *Recueil Trav. Bot. Néerl.* 30: 181 [July 1933] (Kleinhoonte 1933).

NOTE. — Known only from the Guiana Shield.

VERNACULAR NAMES. — Pa: bukutru-gateu-duwë • Nt: kookoo, santi kookoo • Cr: golèt-azon, grigri • Fr: gaulette azon.

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 20 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: *D. Sabatier 2347*.

INVENTORY DATA (FG). — 189 trees in 77 plots; Fmax = 1.5%; dbhinv = 74 cm.

[341] *Licania pallida* Spruce ex Sagot

*Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot.* sér. 6, 15: 306 (Sagot 1883). — *Licania parviflora* var. *pallida* Hook.f., *Fl. Bras.* [*Martius* 14 (2): 18 [17 Apr. 1867] (Hooker 1867). — *Licania pallida* Spruce ex Hook.f., *Fl. Bras.* [*Martius* 14 (2): 18 [17 Apr. 1867] (Hooker 1867), *nom. nud. pro syn.*

NOTES. — The authorship of *L. parviflora* var. *pallida* is not “Spruce ex Hook.f.”; Hooker (1867: 18) referred to “*Licania pallida* Spruce Mss.”, thus Spruce’s authorship applies only to the species, not the variety.

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 2 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: *M. Hoff 5980*.

SIZE. — Up to 30 m tall (Prance 1998).

[342] *Licania parviflora* Benth.

J. Bot. [*Hooker* 2] 221 (Bentham 1840).

*Licania parviflora* var. *subfalcata* Spruce ex Hook.f., *Fl. Bras.* [*Martius* 14 (2): 18 [17 Apr. 1867] (Hooker 1867).

*Licania parviflora* f. *brevifolia* Fritsch, *Ann. K. K. Naturhist. Hofmus.* 4: 51 (Fritsch 1889), *nom. illeg.* (includes species type).

*Licania parviflora* f. *longifolia* Fritsch, *Ann. K. K. Naturhist. Hofmus.* 4: 51 (Fritsch 1889).

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 4 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: *R.A.A. Oldeman B-1467*.

INVENTORY DATA (FG). — 2 trees in 1 plot; Fmax < 1%; dbh = 58.3 cm.

[343] *Licania parvifructa* Fanshawe & Maguire

*Bull. Torrey Bot. Club* 75 (4): 374 [Jul.-Aug. 1948] (Fanshawe & Maguire 1948).

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 15 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: *S.A. Mori et al.* 26472.

INVENTORY DATA (FG). — 43 trees in 32 plots; Fmax < 1%; dbhinv = 42.7 cm.

[344] *Licania pruinosa* Benoist

*Bull. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat.* 25: 516 (Benoist 1919).

VERNACULAR NAMES. — Wp: payula.

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 2 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: *L.C. Richard s.n.* (type P[P00746083]).

SIZE. — Up to 20 m tall (Prance 1986).
[345] *Licania robusta* Sagot

Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot. sér. 6, 15: 306 (Sagot 1883).

*Licania pachystachya* Kleinhoonte, *Recueil Trav. Bot. Néerl.* 22: 384 [“1925” publ. Jan. 1926] (Kleinhoonte 1926).

VERNACULAR NAMES. — Ka: ityulanano kupešini, solosolo bakoloidyi.

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 7 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: *E.M. Mélinon s.n.* (holo-, P[P00746074]; iso-, BM[BM000602327], F[V0054063F, V0054064F], NY[00428559], P[P00746075], R[R000063240], US[00130857]).

INVENTORY DATA (FG). — 46 trees in 15 plots; $F_{max} < 1\%$; $dbh_{inv} = 52.4$ cm.

[346] *Licania rodriguesii* Prance

Fl. Neotrop. Monogr. 9: 168 [8 June 1972] (Prance 1972).

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 6 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: *B.M. Boom & S.A. Mori* 2362.

INVENTORY DATA (FG). — 20 trees in 18 plots; $F_{max} < 1\%$; $dbh_{inv} = 83.4$ cm.

[347] *Licania silvae* Prance

Fl. Neotrop. Monogr. 9: 115 [8 June 1972] (Prance 1972).

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 2 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: *D. Sabatier & M.-F. Prévost* 3850.

SIZE. — Brazil, Acre. *D.C. Daly et al.* 11065 (MO), 30 m × 43 cm.

[348] *Licania* sp. A

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — A single collection, *D. Sabatier & J.-F. Molino* 5750, $dbh = 44$ cm.

[349] *Licania* sp. B

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 2 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: *D. Sabatier & M.-F. Prévost* 3081.

INVENTORY DATA (FG). — 8 trees in 1 plot; $F_{max} = 1.2\%$; $dbh_{inv} = 37.1$ cm.

[350] *Licania* sp. C

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 4 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: *B. Riéra & D. Sabatier* 1282.

INVENTORY DATA (FG). — 7 trees in 5 plots; $F_{max} < 1\%$; $dbh_{inv} = 54$ cm.

Genus *Moquilea* Aubl.

[351] *Moquilea guianensis* Aubl.

Hist. Pl. Guiane 1: 521 [Jun.-Dec. 1775] (Aublet 1775), “*Guyan-nensis*” on plate. — *Licania guianensis* (Aubl.) Griseb., *Abh. Königl. Ges. Wiss. Göttingen* 7: 198 (Grisebach 1857).

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 19 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: *J.B. Aublet s.n.* (original material BM[BM000793077]).

INVENTORY DATA (FG). — 6 trees in 6 plots; $F_{max} < 1\%$; $dbh_{inv} = 27.1$ cm.

[352] *Moquilea minutiflora* Sagot

Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot. sér. 6, 15: 308 (Sagot 1883). — *Licania minutiflora* (Sagot) Fritsch, *Ann. K. K. Naturhist. Hofmus.* 4: 54 (Fritsch 1889).

*Licania rondonii* Pilg., *Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin-Dahlem* 8: 540 [15 Aug. 1923] (Pilger 1923).

*Moquilea riparia* Gleason, *Bull. Torrey Bot. Club* 61 (4): 192 [Apr. 1934] (Gleason 1934). — *Licania riparia* (Gleason) Standl., *Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Bot. Ser.* 17 (3): 258 (Standley 1937).

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 6 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: *E.M. Mélinon s.n.* (holo-, P[P00746107]; iso-, A[A00046290], BM[BM000602298], F[V0054094F, V0054095F, V0054096F], GH[GH00046291], K[K000220600], NY[00428489], US[00130833]).

INVENTORY DATA (FG). — 73 trees in 14 plots; $F_{max} = 2.3\%$; $dbh_{inv} = 47.1$ cm.

[353] *Moquilea* sp. A

NOTE. — This species seems close to *M. minutiflora* Sagot.

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 6 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: *D. Sabatier & M.-F. Prévost* 5049.

INVENTORY DATA (FG). — 8 trees in 5 plots; $F_{max} < 1\%$; $dbh_{inv} = 73.2$ cm.

Genus *Parinari* Aubl.

[354] *Parinari campestris* Aubl.

Hist. Pl. Guiane 1: 514 [Jun.-Dec. 1775] (Aublet 1775). — *Petro-carya campestris* (Aubl.) Willd., *Sp. Pl.*, ed. 4 2 (1): 287 [Mar. 1799] (Willdenow 1799). — *Ferolia campestris* (Aubl.) Kuntze, *Revis. Gen. Pl.* 1: 216 [5 Nov. 1891] (Kuntze 1891).

*Balantium cordifolium* Desv. ex Ham., *Prodr. Pl. Ind. Occid. [Hamilton]*: 34 [Oct. 1825] (Hamilton 1825).

VERNACULAR NAMES. — Pa: á-kiavũ, á-kiavunó, kuuku-araybu-seine • Ka: kubešini, kupešini • Wp: pali'i wate'e • Nt: fungutii kookoo • Cr: golèt-blan, grigri-blan • Fr: gaulette blanche • Br: pajurá, parinari.

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 44 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: *J.B. Aublet s.n.* (original material BM[BM000797863]).

INVENTORY DATA (FG). — 152 trees in 50 plots; $F_{max} = 4.1\%$; $dbh_{inv} = 87$ cm.
[355] *Parinari excelsa* Sabine

*Trans. Hort. Soc. London* 5: 451 (Sabine 1824). — *Petrocarya excelsa* (Sabine) Steud., *Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel]*, ed. 2, 2: 309 (Steudel 1841), *nom. illeg. hom.*, *non* Jack (1822). — *Ferolia excelsa* (Sabine) Kuntze, *Revis. Gen. Pl.* 1: 216 [5 Nov. 1891] (Kuntze 1891).

*Parinari brachystachya* Benth., *J. Bot. [Hooker]* 2: 213 (Bentham 1840), “*Parinarium brachystachyum*”. — *Ferolia amazonica* Kuntze, *Revis. Gen. Pl.* 1: 216 [5 Nov. 1891] (Kuntze 1891), *nom. illeg. superfl.* (based on *Parinari brachystachya*).

*Parinari amazonica* Mart. ex Hook.f., *Fl. Bras. [Martius]* 14 (2): 52 [17 Apr. 1867] (Hooker 1867), “*Parinarium amazonicum*”, *nom. nud. pro syn.*

*Parinari glazioviana* Warm., *Vidensk. Meddel. Dansk Naturhist. Foren.* Kjøbenhavn 1874: 72 (Warming 1874), “*Parinarium glaziovianum*”.

*Parinari salicifolia* Engl., *Pflanzenw. Ost-Afrikas* C: 191 [July 1895] (Engler 1895), “*Parinarium salicifolium*”, *nom. illeg. hom.*, *non* (C.Presl) Miq. (Miquel 1855).

*Parinari holstii* Engl., *Pflanzenw. Ost-Afrikas* C: 423 [Aug. 1895] (Engler 1895), “*Parinarium Holstii*”. — *Parinari excelsa* subsp. *holstii* (Engl.) R.A.Graham, *Kew Bull.* 12 (2): 229 (Graham 1957).

*Parinari elliottii* Engl., *Bot. Jahrb. Syst.* 26 (3-4): 377 [31 Jan. 1899] (Engler 1899), “*Parinarium elliottii*”.

*Parinari whytei* Engl., *Bot. Jahrb. Syst.* 26 (3-4): 378 [31 Jan. 1899] (Engler 1899), “*Parinarium whytei*”.

*Parinari verdickii* De Wild., *Ann. Mus. Congo*, sér. 4, *Bot.* 1: 182 (De Wildeman 1903), “*Parinarium verdickii*”.

*Parinari tenuifolia* A.Chev., *Vég. Ut. Afr. Trop. Franç.* 5: 225 (Chevalier 1909), “*Parinarium tenuifolium*”.

*Parinari excelsa* var. fulvescens Engl., *Wiss. Erg. Deut. Zentr.-Afr. Exped.*, *Bot.* 2: 227 (Engler 1911), “*Parinarium excelsum*”.

*Parinari mildbraedii* Engl., *Wiss. Erg. Deut. Zentr.-Afr. Exped.*, *Bot.* 2: 227 (Engler 1911).

*Parinari riparia* R.E.Fr., *Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg.* 12: 539 (Fries 1913), “*Parinarium riparium*”.

*Parinari holstii* var. longifolia Engl. ex De Wild., *Bull. Jard. Bot. État Bruxelles* 4: 80 (De Wildeman 1914), “*Parinarium holstii*, longifolium”, *nom. nud.*

*Parinari laxiflora* Ducke, *Arch. Jard. Bot. Rio de Janeiro* 3: 44 (Ducke 1922), “*Parinarium laxiflorum*”.

*Parinari nalaensis* De Wild., *Pl. Bequaert.* 5: 289 (De Wildeman 1931), “*Parinarium nalaense*”.

*Parinari laxiflora* var. lata Ducke, *Arch. Inst. Biol. Veg.* 2 (1): 33 [Sep. 1935] (Ducke 1935), “*Parinarium laxiflorum, latum*”.

*Parinari sylvestris* M.Kuhlm., *Loefgrenia* 13: 1 (Kuhlmann 1964).

VERNACULAR NAMES. — Ka: wokili besuli.

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 18 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: *D. Sabatier & M.-F. Prévost 3562*.

INVENTORY DATA (FG). — 19 trees in 16 plots; $F_{max} < 1\%$; $dbh_{inv} = 83$ cm.

[356] *Parinari montana* Aubl.

*Hist. Pl. Guiane* 1: 514 [Jun.-Dec. 1775] (Aublet 1775). — *Petrocarya montana* (Aubl.) Willd., *Sp. Pl.*, ed. 4 2 (1): 287 [Mar. 1799] (Willdenow 1799). — *Chrysobalanus montanus* (Aubl.) M.Gómez, *Fl. Cuba [Gómez]*: 39 (Gómez 1887). — *Ferolia montana* (Aubl.) Kuntze, *Revis. Gen. Pl.* 1: 216 [5 Nov. 1891] (Kuntze 1891).

*Parinari pajura* Benoist, *Bull. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat.* 28: 252 (Benoist 1922), “*Parinarium pajura*”.

NOTES. — Emended by Ducke (1935: 180). The leaves on type sheet are *P. rodolphii* Huber (1909), and only the fruit represent *P. montana*. Aublet (1775, 1: 514) cited plates 204 & 205, but only plate 205 is correct, the branches and leaves of plate 204 are *P. rodolphii*.

VERNACULAR NAMES. — Pa: pirivri • Ka: kalapapoli, kubešini, kupešini, tapowonulen • Wp: iwa tà’ìy • Nt: fungutii kookoo • Cr: grènn-ròch • Fr: graine roche • Br: pajurá-grande, pajurá-pedra.

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 30 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: *J.B. Aublet s.n.* (original material BM, fruit only, not seen); *S.A. Mori et al. 20790*.

INVENTORY DATA (FG). — 63 trees in 38 plots; $F_{max} < 1\%$; $dbh_{inv} = 78$ cm.

[357] *Parinari parvifolia* Sandwith

*Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew* 1931 (7): 374 [21 July 1931] (Sandwith 1931).

VERNACULAR NAMES. — Pa: ā-kiavū, ā-kiavunó.

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 5 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: *D. Sabatier 3005*.

INVENTORY DATA (FG). — 14 trees in 14 plots; $F_{max} < 1\%$; $dbh_{inv} = 65$ cm.

[358] *Parinari rodolphii* Huber

*Bol. Mus. Goeldi Hist. Nat. Ethnogr.* 6: 77 (Huber 1910), “*Parinarium rodolphi*”.

*Parinari lucidissima* Standl., *Lloydia* 2 (3): 183 (Standley 1939), “*Parinarium lucidissimum*”.

VERNACULAR NAMES. — Ka: kalapapoli, tapowonulen • Wp: iwa tà’ìy sili, tata pota • Cr: kwépi • Br: farinha-seca.

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 19 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: *D. Sabatier & M.-F. Prévost 3035*.

INVENTORY DATA (FG). — 8 trees in 8 plots; $F_{max} < 1\%$; $dbh_{inv} = 100$ cm.

[359] *Parinari* sp. A

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 2 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: *D. Sabatier & J.-F. Molino 5728*.

INVENTORY DATA (FG). — 1 tree, $dbh = 34$ cm.
## Genus *Parinariopsis* (Huber) Sothers & Prance

[360] *Parinariopsis licaniiflora* (Sagot) Sothers & Prance

Kew Bull. 71 (4)-58: 11 [epubl. 15 Dec. 2016] (Sothers & Prance 2016). — *Moquilea licaniiflora* Sagot, Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot. sér. 6, 15: 308 (Sagot 1883), “licaniaeflora”. — *Licania bracteosa* Fritsch, Ann. K. K. Naturhist. Hofmus. 4: 54 (Fritsch 1889), nom. illeg. superfl. (based on *Moquilea licaniiflora*). — *Licania licaniiflora* (Sagot) S.F.Blake, Contr. Gray Herb. 52: 66 (Blake 1917), “licaniaeflora”.

*Moquilea parviflora* Blume, Mus. Bot. 2 (1-8): 92 [“1852” publ. Feb. 1856] (Blume 1856). — *Licania parviflora* (Blume) Lemée, Fl. Guyane Franç. 2: 23 (Lemée 1952), nom. illeg. hom., non Benth. (Bentham 1840).

*Licania obtusifolia* Fritsch, Ann. K. K. Naturhist. Hofmus. 4: 53 (Fritsch 1889).

*Licania parinarioides* Huber, Bol. Mus. Goeldi Hist. Nat. Ethnogr. 5 (2): 368 (Huber 1909).

*Licania capinensis* Huber, Bol. Mus. Goeldi Hist. Nat. Ethnogr. 6: 71 (Huber 1910).

*Licania parinarioides* var. latifolia Maguire, Brittonia 7: 397 [Oct. 1952] (Maguire 1952).

*Licania huberiana* Maguire, Brittonia 7: 398 [Oct. 1952] (Maguire 1952).

*Licania obovatifolia* Maguire, Brittonia 7: 398 [Oct. 1952] (Maguire 1952).

*Licania wilson-brownei* Maguire, Brittonia 7: 399 [Oct. 1952] (Maguire 1952).

**NOTE.** — Prance (1972: 91) made a first-step lectotypification by selecting among the paratypes *J. Martin s.n.*, as “lecto-, P, isolecto-, K”. There are however three specimens of Martin’s original material at P (P00746011, P00746012, P00746013). It thus appears necessary to select one of them as the lectotype.

**HERBARIUM DATA (FG).** — 21 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: *J. Martin s.n.* (lectotype of *Moquilea licaniiflora* Sagot: P[P00746011, here designated; isolecto-, P[P00746012, P00746013], K[K000220643]).

**INVENTORY DATA (FG).** — 33 trees in 18 plots; $F_{max} < 1\%$; $dbh_{inv} = 55.4$ cm.

## Family CLUSIACEAE Lindl.
## Genus *Chrysochlamys* Poepp. & Endl.

[361] *Chrysochlamys membranacea* Planch. & Triana

Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot. sér. 4, 14: 260 (Planchon & Triana 1860). — *Tovomitopsis membranacea* (Planch. & Triana) D'Arcy, Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 67 (4): 1034 [“1980” publ. 1981] (D'Arcy 1981).

**VERNACULAR NAMES.** — Wp: amâ kiya, pasi'i wapo • Cr: pativyé-gran-bwa.

**HERBARIUM DATA (FG).** — 37 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: *M.-F. Prévost 1810*, 10 m tall.

## Genus *Clusia* Plum. ex L.

[362] *Clusia cuneata* Benth.

*London J. Bot.* 2: 368 (Bentham 1843).

**NOTE.** — Known only from the Guiana Shield.

**HERBARIUM DATA (FG).** — 33 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: *R.A.A. Oldeman B-1645*.

**SIZE.** — Guyana. *H.D. Clarke* 5485, 10 m.

[363] *Clusia flavida* (Benth.) Pipoly

Fl. Venez. Guayana 4: 272 (Pipoly 1998). — *Havetia flavida* Benth., London *J. Bot.* 2: 369 (Bentham 1843). — *Havetiopsis flavida* (Benth.) Planch. & Triana, *Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot.* sér. 4, 14: 247 (Planchon & Triana 1860).

*Havetiopsis flexilis* Planch. & Triana, *Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot.* sér. 4, 14: 246 (Planchon & Triana 1860). — *Havetia flexilis* Spruce ex Planch. & Triana, *Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot.* sér. 4, 14: 246 (Planchon & Triana 1860), nom. nud. pro syn. — *Havetia flexilis* (Planch. & Triana) Vesque, *Epharmosis* 3: 15, 73 (Vesque 1892).

*Clusia gentlei* Lundell, *Contr. Univ. Michigan Herb.* 6: 48 (Lundell 1941).

**NOTES.** — A species restricted to the edges of inselbergs. The name *Havetia flexilis* first appears as a *nomen nudum*, as a synonym of *Havetiopsis flexilis*. Vesque (1892: 73) validly published it with reference to “*H. flexilis* Planch. et Triana” under sect. (or subg.) *Havetiopsis*, and on plate 72 with an explicit citation of *Havetiopsis flexilis*.

**VERNACULAR NAMES.** — Ka: kusapoi, kuwapo'u, kwapo'u • Wp: pelepele sili • Cr: bwa-rwé, zongnon-danbwa.

**HERBARIUM DATA (FG).** — 34 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: *P. Grenand 1222*.

**SIZE.** — Up to 15 m tall (Pipoly *et al.* 1998).

[364] *Clusia fockeana* Miq.

Tijdschr. Nat. Geschied. Physiol. 10: 82 (Miquel 1843), “Fockeana”. — *Androstylium fockeanum* (Miq.) Miq., *Stirp. Surinam. Select.*: 93 [“1850” publ. Mar. 1851] (Miquel 1851).

*Clusia stahelii* Maguire, *Bull. Torrey Bot. Club* 75 (4): 424 [Jul.-Aug. 1948] (Maguire 1948).

**VERNACULAR NAMES.** — Ka: kunapolan • Nt: kupa.

**HERBARIUM DATA (FG).** — 40 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: *D. Sabatier & E. Fonty* 5762.

**INVENTORY DATA (FG).** — 300 trees in 6 plots; $F_{max} = 16.8\%$; $dbh_{inv} = 30.2$ cm.

[365] *Clusia grandiflora* Splitg.

Tijdschr. Nat. Geschied. Physiol. 9: 101 [Aug.-Sep. 1842] (Splitgerber 1842).

*Clusia maxima* Rich. ex Planch. & Triana, *Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot.* sér. 4, 13: 325 (Planchon & Triana 1860), nom. nud. pro syn.

*Clusia petiolata* Klotzsch ex Engl., *Fl. Bras. [Martius]* 12 (1): 423 [1 Apr. 1888] (Engler 1888), nom. nud. pro syn.

**NOTE.** — Mostly epiphytic, rarely rooted in the ground.
VERNACULAR NAMES. — Pa: patakwik, zoyō-kamwi • Ka: kusapoi, kuwapo'u, kwapo'u, pelepele • Te: pelepele • Wp: pelepele • Wn: lele anapamīgin • Nt: ingi waway • Cr: bwa-rwé, zongnon-danbwa • Br: cebola-grande-da-mata, manga-brava, mata-pau.

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 35 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: L. C. Richard s.n. (P[P05071041]).

SIZE. — Guyana. *P.J.M. Maas & L.Y.T. Westra* 3875 (MO), 7 m × 30 cm.

[366] *Clusia leprantha* Mart.

*Nova genera et species plantarum* [Martius] 3 (3): 165 [“1829” publ. Sep. 1832] (Martius 1832).

Arrudea purpurea Splitg., *Tijdschr. Nat. Geschied. Physiol.* 9: 103 [Aug.-Sep. 1842] (Splitgerber 1842). — *Clusia purpurea* (Splitg.) Engl., *Fl. Bras.* [Martius] 12 (1): 416 [1 Apr. 1888] (Engler 1888).

VERNACULAR NAMES. — Nt: mangu • Br: apuí-grande, cebola-brava.

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 26 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: *Service Forestier* 7855.

SIZE. — Up to 25 m tall (Pipoly *et al.* 1998).

[367] *Clusia melchiorii* Gleason

Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 58 (6): 403 [June 1931] (Gleason 1931).

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 9 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: *J.-J. de Granville* B-5401.

SIZE. — Up to 15 m tall (Pipoly *et al.* 1998).

[368] *Clusia minor* L.

Sp. Pl. 1: 510 [1 May 1753] (Linnaeus 1753).

*Clusia venosa* Jacq., *Enumeration. Syst. Pl.*: 34 [Aug.-Sep. 1760] (Jacquin 1760).

*Clusia venosa* L., *Sp. Pl.*, ed. 2, 2: 1495 [Aug. 1763] (Linnaeus 1763).

*Clusia galactodendron* Desv., *Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot.* sér. 2, 18: 313 (Desvaux 1842), “Galactodendrum”.

*Clusia pratensis* Seem., *Bot. Voy. Herald* [Seemann] 3: 89 [Nov. 1853] (Seemann 1853).

*Clusia couletii* Duchass. ex Planch. & Triana, *Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot.* sér. 4, 13: 333 (Planchon & Triana 1860), “Couleti”, *nom. nud. pro syn.*

*Clusia parvicapsula* Vesque, *Epharmosis* 3: 10 (Vesque 1892).

*Clusia cartilaginosa* Vesque, *Monogr. Phan. [A.DC. & C.DC.]* 8: 97 [Dec. 1893] (Vesque 1893).

*Clusia utilis* S.F.Blake, *Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb.* 24 (1): 14 [11 Jan. 1922] (Blake 1922).

NOTE. — Restricted to the edges of inselbergs.

VERNACULAR NAMES. — Wp: pelepele sili.

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 10 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: *J.-J. de Granville* 2200.

SIZE. — Venezuela, Bolivar. *J.A. Steyermark* 87845 (L), 10 m.

[369] *Clusia nemorosa* G.Mey.

Prim. Fl. Esseq. 203 [Nov. 1818] (Meyer 1818).

*Clusia lhotzkyana* Schltdl., *Linnaea* 8: 184 (Schlechtendal 1833).

*Clusia mammosa* Casar., *Nov. Stirp. Bras.* 7: 60 [Sep (“Jul”) 1843] (Casaretto 1843).

*Clusia lhotzkyana* var. *polygama* Choisy, *Descr. Guttif. Inde* 45 (Choisy 1849). — *Clusia nemorosa* var. *lhotzkyana* (Schltdl.) Engl., *Fl. Bras.* [Martius] 12 (1): 422 [1 Apr. 1888] (Engler 1888).

VERNACULAR NAMES. — Pa: wakukwa-tiranó • Ka: kunapolan.

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 76 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: *M.-F. Prévost* 1628.

SIZE. — Up to 15 m tall (Pipoly *et al.* 1998).

[370] *Clusia octandra* (Poepp.) Pipoly

Fl. Venez. Guayana 4: 276 (Pipoly 1998). — *Havetia octandra* Poepp., *Nova genera ac species plantarum* [Poeppig & Endlicher] 3: 11 [15-21 Aug. 1841] (Poeppig 1841). — *Oedematopus octandrus* (Poepp.) Planch. & Triana, *Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot.* sér. 4, 14: 250 (Planchon & Triana 1860).

NOTE. — Mostly epiphytic, rarely rooted in the ground.

VERNACULAR NAMES. — Te: tsalikwanā'i • Wp: ayā pāpē, ayā pāpē sili, pelepele sili.

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 10 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: *S.A. Mori* et al. 23532.

SIZE. — Colombia, Antioquia. *R. Fonnegra* G. & W. Rengifo *M. 4834* (MO), 8 m × 10 cm.

[371] *Clusia palmicida* Rich. ex Planch. & Triana

*Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot.* sér. 4, 13: 326 (Planchon & Triana 1860). — *Clusia palmicida* Rich., *Ann. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat.* 17: 456 (Richard 1811), *nom. inval.*

*Clusia martinii* Sagot ex Engl., *Fl. Bras.* [Martius] 12 (1): 425 [1 Apr. 1888] (Engler 1888), *nom. nud. pro syn.*

NOTES. — Mostly epiphytic, rarely rooted in the ground. *Clusia palmicida* was not validly published by Richard (1811: 17) because his publication was a treatise on embryo development and his seed diagnosis did not distinguish this species from others. Indeed, the characters described are said to be shared with other species of the genus. His reference to the figure “(Pl. VI, fig. 64, a)”, is erroneous, and is in fact, pl. 8, fig. 64, 65. J.J. Pipoly III in 2000 annotated the two sheets of *Richard s.n.* at P (P01901181, P01901182) as holotype and isotype, but this typification was not published. Also, Planchon & Triana (1860a: 326) under this name cited two collections from French Guiana (“*L.-C. Rich. in herb. de Franquev., Martin in herb. Mus. Paris*”) and one from Guyana (“*Schomburgk, n° 739, indéterminé*”). The selection of a lectotype thus appears necessary.

VERNACULAR NAMES. — Pa: patakwik-kamwi • Ka: kusapoi, kuwapo'u, kwapo'u • Cr: bwa-rwé, zongnon-danbwa • Br: cebola-grande-da-mata, manga-brava, mata-pau.
HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 55 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: *L. C. Richards.s.n.* (lectotype of *Clusia palmicida* Rich. ex Planch. & Triana, P[P01901181, here designated; isolecto-, P01901182]).

SIZE. — Up to 15 m tall (Pipoly *et al.* 1998).

[372] *Clusia panapanari* (Aubl.) Choisy

*Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle]* 1: 559 [mid Jan. 1824] (Choisy 1824), "Pana-panari". — *Quapoya panapanari* Aubl., *Hist. Pl. Guiane* 2: 900 [Jun.-Dec. 1775] (Aublet 1775), "Pana-panari".

*Clusia colorans* Engl., *Fl. Bras. [Martius]* 12 (1): 426 [1 Apr. 1888] (Engler 1888). — *Quapoya colorans* Klotzsch ex Engl., *Fl. Bras. [Martius]* 12 (1): 426 [1 Apr. 1888] (Engler 1888), *nom. nud. pro syn*.

*Clusia microphylla* Engl., *Fl. Bras. [Martius]* 12 (1): 426 [1 Apr. 1888] (Engler 1888). — *Quapoya microphylla* Klotzsch ex Engl., *Fl. Bras. [Martius]* 12 (1): 426 [1 Apr. 1888] (Engler 1888), *nom. nud. pro syn*.

NOTE. — Mostly epiphytic, rarely rooted in the ground.

VERNACULAR NAMES. — Pa: patakwik • Wp: ayá pápē, ayá pápē sili, pelepele sili • Cr: bwa-rwé, zongnon-danbwa • Br: apuizinha.

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 144 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: *J.B. Aublet s.n.* (original material BM[BM000611559]).

SIZE. — Up to 10 m tall (Pipoly *et al.* 1998).

[373] *Clusia scrobiculata* Benoist

*Bull. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat.* 30: 511 (Benoist 1924).

VERNACULAR NAMES. — Pa: patakwik, patakwik-ahinē.

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 27 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: *J.-P. Lescure* 839.

SIZE. — Guyana. *J.J. Pipoly* 10414 (MO), 6 m × 10 cm.

Genus *Garcinia* L.

[374] *Garcinia benthamiana* (Planch. & Triana) Pipoly

*Nuevo Cat. Fl. Vasc. Venezuela*: 332 [after May 2008] (Pipoly 2008). — *Rheedia benthamiana* Planch. & Triana, *Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot.* sér. 4, 14: 320 (Planchon & Triana 1860). — *Rheedia macrophylla* var. *benthamiana* (Planch. & Triana) Vesque, *Monogr. Phan. [A.DC. & C.DC.]* 8: 500 [Dec. 1893] (Vesque 1893).

*Rheedia sagotiana* Engl., *Fl. Bras. [Martius]* 12 (1): 460 [1 Apr. 1888] (Engler 1888).

NOTE. — Known only from the Guiana Shield.

VERNACULAR NAMES. — Pa: wakukwa-tiranó • Ka: nopitya, pakulilan • Te: kulupitá • Wp: kulupitá i, tatu apite • Nt: kukundiefu, meku susu • Br: bacuri-de-espinhos, bacuri-selvagem.

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 36 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: *P.A. Sagot* 1182, 1858 (original material of *Rheedia sagotiana*: BR[BR0000008676238], F[V0054522F], K[K000488572], MPU[MPU014348, MPU014349], S[S11-36125], US[00114327]).

INVENTORY DATA (FG). — 182 trees in 73 plots; $F_{max} = 2.1$ %; $dbh_{inv} = 23.2$ cm.

[375] *Garcinia brasiliensis* Mart.

*Flora* 24 (2, Beibl.): 34 (Martius 1841). — *Rheedia brasiliensis* (Mart.) Planch. & Triana, *Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot.* sér. 4, 14: 310 (Planchon & Triana 1860).

*Garcinia brasiliensis* var. *parvifolia* Mart., *Flora* 24 (2, Beibl.): 34 (Martius 1841).

NOTE. — Incipiently domesticated by pre-Columbian Amerindians (Clement 1999; Levis *et al.* 2017).

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — No collection at CAY. Sel. exs.: *J.M. Pires* 47466 (L), collected on the French Guianan bank of Oyapock river.

SIZE. — Up to 10 m tall (van den Berg 1979).

[376] *Garcinia macrophylla* Mart.
(Fig. 18A)

*Flora* 24 (2, Beibl.): 35 (Martius 1841). — *Rheedia macrophylla* (Mart.) Planch. & Triana, *Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot.* sér. 4, 14: 309 (Planchon & Triana 1860).

*Rheedia macrantha* Standl. & Steyerm., *Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Bot. Ser.* 23 (2): 65 [14 Feb. 1944] (Standley & Steyermark 1944).

*Garcinia megaphylla* Verdc., *Kew Bull.* 31 (2): 262 (Verdcourt 1976), *nom. illeg. superfl.* (based on *Garcinia macrophylla*).

NOTES. — Hyperdominant in Amazonia (ter Steege *et al.* 2020). Incipiently domesticated by pre-Columbian Amerindians (Clement 1999; Levis *et al.* 2017).

VERNACULAR NAMES. — Pa: wakukwa-tiranó • Ka: pakulilan • Te: kulupitá • Wp: kulupitá • Wn: mutu pupot eimë • Nt: kukundiefu, meku susu • Cr: konfitir-makak, koupiton • Br: bacuri-liso, bacuripari.

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 16 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: *M.-F. Prévost & D. Sabatier* 2742.

INVENTORY DATA (FG). — 3 trees in 3 plots; $F_{max} < 1$ %; $dbh_{inv} = 50$ cm.

[377] *Garcinia madruno* (Kunth) Hammel

*Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard.* 76 (3): 928 (Hammel 1989). — *Calophyllum madruno* Kunth, *Nova genera et species plantarum* [H.B.K.] 5: 202 [25 Feb. 1822] (Kunth 1822), "madruño". — *Rheedia madruno* (Kunth) Planch. & Triana, *Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot.* sér. 4, 14: 315 (Planchon & Triana 1860). — *Verticillaria madruno* (Kunth) Tul. ex Planch. & Triana, *Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot.* sér. 4, 14: 315 (Planchon & Triana 1860), *nom. nud. pro syn*.

*Verticillaria acuminata* Ruiz & Pav., *Syst. Veg. Fl. Peruv. Chil.* 1: 140 [late Dec. 1798] (Ruiz & Pavón 1798). — *Rheedia acuminata* (Ruiz & Pav.) Planch. & Triana, *Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot.* sér. 4, 14: 314 (Planchon & Triana 1860).

*Chloromyron verticillatum* Pers., *Syn. Pl. [Persoon]* 2 (1): 73 [Nov. 1806] (Persoon 1806), *nom. illeg. superfl.* (based on *Verticillaria acuminata*).

*Garcinia floribunda* Miq., *Stirp. Surinam. Select.*: 89 ["1850" publ. Mar. 1851] (Miquel 1851). — *Rheedia floribunda* (Miq.) Planch. & Triana, *Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot.* sér. 4, 14: 319 (Planchon & Triana 1860).
<figure><img src="image_29.png" /><figcaption>FIG. 18. — Clusiaceae: **A**, *Garcinia macrophylla* Mart. (D. Sabatier & J.-F. Molino 5703); **B**, *Platonia insignis* Mart. (D. Sabatier & M.-F. Prévost 2575); **C**, *Tovomita maxima* Molino & J.Engel; **D**, *Symphonia globulifera* L.f. (D. Sabatier & M.-F. Prévost 4381); **E**, *Tovomita schomburgkii* Planch. & Triana (J.-F. Molino et al. 3372). A-D, © D. Sabatier/IRD; E, © J.-F. Molino/IRD.</figcaption></figure>

[381] *Symphonia* sp. A

VERNACULAR NAMES. — Pa: ti-wašiunu.

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 54 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: *M.-F. Prévost 3527*.

INVENTORY DATA (FG). — 907 trees in 162 plots; Fmax = 4.2%; dbhinv = 83 cm.

Genus *Tovomita* Aubl.

[382] *Tovomita brevistaminea* Engl.

Fl. Bras. [Martius] 12 (1): 446 [1 Apr. 1888] (Engler 1888).

*Tovomita jenmanii* Engl., Fl. Bras. [Martius] 12 (1): 447 [1 Apr. 1888] (Engler 1888), "jenmani".

*Tovomita triflora* Huber, Bol. Mus. Paraense Hist. Nat. Ethnogr. 3: 436 (Huber 1902).

VERNACULAR NAMES. — Pa: kwatri-wašiune-duwē • Ka: alakapuli paindyali, paipaiyo wokulu • Wp: pasi’i wapo sili • Cr: pativyé-montangn • Br: manguerana, paxiubarana.

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 55 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: *M.-F. Prévost 4023*.

INVENTORY DATA (FG). — 233 trees in 47 plots; Fmax = 5.4%; dbhinv = 20.7 cm.

[383] *Tovomita calodictyos* Sandwith

Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1936 (3): 219 [27 June 1936] (Sandwith 1936).

NOTE. — Known only from the Guiana Shield.
VERNACULAR NAMES. — Pa: kwatri-wašiune • Ka: alakapuli, wateipa upadyali • Cr: pativyé-montangn • Br: manguerana, paxiubarana.

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 5 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: S.A. Mori & T.D. Pennington 18056.

SIZE. — Up to 28 m tall (Pipoly & Gustafsson 2002).

[384] *Tovomita caloneura* A.C.Sm.

Lloydia 2 (3): 197 (Smith 1939).

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 24 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: M.-F. Prévost & D. Sabatier 3990.

INVENTORY DATA (FG). — 193 trees in 62 plots; $F_{max} = 1.9\%$; $dbh_{inv} = 28.3$ cm.

[385] *Tovomita fanshawei* Maguire

Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 75 (4): 436 [Jul.-Aug. 1948] (Maguire 1948).

NOTE. — Known only from the Guiana Shield.

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 11 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: D. Sabatier & M.-F. Prévost 2898.

INVENTORY DATA (FG). — 152 trees in 48 plots; $F_{max} = 3.2\%$; $dbh_{inv} = 30.2$ cm.

[386] *Tovomita gazelii* Poncy & Offroy

Adansonia, sér. 3, 28 (1): 114 [4 July 2006] (Poncy & Offroy 2006).

NOTE. — Known only from the Guiana Shield.

VERNACULAR NAMES. — Nt: busi mangu • Cr: pativyé-montangn • Fr: palétuvier montagne.

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 29 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: O. Poncy et al. 1454 (holo-, P[P00266066, P00266068]; iso-, P[P00266067]).

INVENTORY DATA (FG). — 86 trees in 35 plots; $F_{max} = 1.6\%$; $dbh_{inv} = 50.9$ cm.

[387] *Tovomita grata* Sandwith

Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1936 (3): 216 [27 June 1936] (Sandwith 1936).

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 8 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: M.-F. Prévost & D. Sabatier 3988.

INVENTORY DATA (FG). — 2 trees in 2 plots; $F_{max} < 1\%$; $dbh_{inv} = 20.4$ cm.

[388] *Tovomita guianensis* Aubl.

Hist. Pl. Guiane 2: 957 [Jun.-Dec. 1775] (Aublet 1775), "*Guyannensis*" on plate. — *Marialva guianensis* (Aubl.) Choisy, Mém. Soc. Hist. Nat. Paris, sér. 2, 1: 224 (Choisy 1823), "*Tomovita* [sic] *guyanensis*".

VERNACULAR NAMES. — Wp: pasi'i wapo sili • Cr: pativyé-montangn • Br: manguerana, paxiubarana.

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 34 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: J.B. Aublet s.n. (original material BM[BM000047393]).

INVENTORY DATA (FG). — 1 tree, $dbh = 10.5$ cm.

[389] *Tovomita longifolia* (Rich.) Hochr.

Annuaire Conserv. Jard. Bot. Genève 21: 66 (Hochreutiner 1919). — *Clusia longifolia* Rich., *Actes Soc. Hist. Nat. Paris* 1: 113 [Oct. 1792] (Richard 1792). — *Micranthera clusioides* Choisy, *Mém. Soc. Hist. Nat. Paris*, sér. 2, 1: 224 (Choisy 1823), excl. descr. masc. et tab. 11; *nom. illeg. superfl.* (based on *Clusia longifolia*). — *Tovomita clusiifolia* (Choisy) G.Don, *Gen. Hist.* 1: 617 [early Aug. 1831] (Don 1831), "*clusiaefolia*", *nom. illeg. superfl.* (based on *Clusia longifolia*). — *Tovomita richardiana* Planch. & Triana, *Ann. Sci. Nat.*, Bot. sér. 4, 14: 273 (Planchon & Triana 1860), *nom. illeg. superfl.* (based on *Clusia longifolia*).

*Micranthera clusiifolia* Choisy, Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 1: 560 [mid Jan. 1824] (Choisy 1824), "*clusiaefolia*".

*Tovomita choisyana* Planch. & Triana, *Ann. Sci. Nat.*, Bot. sér. 4, 14: 281 (Planchon & Triana 1860), syn. nov.

*Tovomita bahiensis* Engl., *Fl. Bras.* [Martius] 12 (1): 455 [1 Apr. 1888] (Engler 1888), syn. nov.

*Tovomita melinonii* Vesque, *Epharmosis* 3: 20 (Vesque 1892), "*melinoni*", syn. nov.

*Tovomita excelsa* Andrade-Lima & G.Mariz, *Bull. Torrey Bot. Club* 101 (6): 367 ["1974" publ. 1975] (Andrade-Lima & Mariz 1975), syn. nov.

NOTES. — Hochreutiner's stated (1919: 66) that "*L'original de Richard se trouve dans l'Herbier Delessert [...]*" (i.e. "Richard's original material is in Delessert's herbarium") is misleading: it is not a Richard collection. Hochreutiner's precise description and transcription of the labels (Hochreutiner 1919: 66) clearly match *Leblond 34* (G[G00355740; P[P05061606]). *Micranthera clusiifolia* ("*clusiaefolia*") is obviously a misprint for *M. clusioides* Choisy.

Following Planchon & Triana (1860b), Marinho *et al.* (2016) distinguished *Tovomita choisyana* from *T. longifolia* (called *T. richardiana* by the former authors); yet their analysis demonstrates that the two taxa do not differ in all the distinguishing characters proposed by Planchon & Triana: number of petals, leaf morphology and inflorescence structure. Marinho *et al.* (2016) placed emphasis on differences in stamen length and shape, and in habitat preference: the stamens and staminodes of *T. longifolia* (according to these authors) were only 3-4 mm long compared to 8-10 mm in *T. choisyana*. Furthermore, they considered that *T. choisyana* was "associated with watercourses". These differences do not hold: Examination of *Leblond 34* (P05061606, annotated by Marinho as "isolectotype" of *T. longifolia*) shows that some staminodes are 6 mm, conversely, several stamens of the isotype of *T. choisyana* at G-DC (*Unknown coll. s.n.*, G00210645) are less than 7 mm. Further, there is no information on the specimens identified as *T. choisyana* to indicate that they were collected in riparian, flooded, or swampy environments. We agree with Marinho *et al.* (2016) that *T. excelsa* Andrade-Lima & G.Mariz and *T. bahiensis* Engl. are conspecific with *T. choisyana*, and we therefore transfer them into synonymy under *T. longifolia*. The type of *T. melinonii* Vesque (*Mélinon s.n.* [holotype: P[P00093864, isotype: P00093865]]) also perfectly fits in *T. longifolia*.

VERNACULAR NAMES. — Pa: kwatri-wašiune • Ka: alakapuli, alakapuli paindyali, paipaiyo wokulu, wateipa upadyali • Wp: pasi'i
wapo, pasi'i wapo sili • Wn: itukuyen • Nt: busi mangu, mangu • Cr: pativyé-montangn • Fr: palétuvier montagne • Br: manguerana, paxiubarana.

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 46 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: J.B. Leblond 34 (lecto-, G[G00355740], designated by Marinho *et al.* [2016: 771]; isolecto-, MPU[MPU014282], P[P05061606]).

INVENTORY DATA (FG). — 204 trees in 65 plots; Fmax = 4.3%; dbhinv = 38.5 cm.

[390] *Tovomita mangle* G.Mariz

Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 101 (6): 367 ["1974" publ. 1975] (Marino 1975).

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 21 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: J.-F. Molino 1556.

INVENTORY DATA (FG). — 66 trees in 34 plots; Fmax < 1%; dbhinv = 21.8 cm.

[391] *Tovomita maxima* Molino & J.Engel
(Fig. 18C)

Adansonia, sér. 3, 44 (16): 166 (Engel et al. 2022).

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 13 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: D. Sabatier & E. Fonty 5595 (holo-, CAY[CAY112114]).

INVENTORY DATA (FG). — 37 trees in 22 plots; Fmax = 4.1%; dbhinv = 43 cm.

[392] *Tovomita saulensis* J.Engel & Molino

Adansonia 44, sér. 3, (16): 170 (Engel et al. 2022).

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 4 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: S.A. Mori et al. 24002 (holo-, CAY[CAY167624]; iso-, P[P04897763], NY[NY04204154], U[U0181523], US[US00872988]).

SIZE. — L.R. Phillippe et al. 26984, dbh 12 cm.

[393] *Tovomita schomburgkii* Planch. & Triana
(Fig. 18E)

Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot. sér. 4, 14: 274 (Planchon & Triana 1860).

*Tovomita hameliifolia* Klotzsch, *Reis. Br.-Guiana* [*Ri. Schomburgk*] 3: 996 ["1848" publ. 7-10 Mar. 1849] (Klotzsch 1849), "hame-liaefolia", nom. subnud.

*Tovomita schomburgkiana* Klotzsch, *Reis. Br.-Guiana* [*Ri. Schom-burgk*] 3: 996 ["1848" publ. 7-10 Mar. 1849] (Klotzsch 1849), nom. subnud.

VERNACULAR NAMES. — Ka: wateipa upadyali • Wp: pasi'i wapo, pasi'i wapo sili • Cr: pativyé-montangn • Br: mangue-da-mata, manguerana, paxiubarana.

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 16 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: J.-F. Molino et al. 3372.

INVENTORY DATA (FG). — 37 trees in 17 plots; Fmax = 2.3%; dbhinv = 22 cm.

[394] *Tovomita tenuiflora* Benth. ex Planch. & Triana

Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot. sér. 4, 14: 272 (Planchon & Triana 1860).

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 22 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: J.-F. Molino & D. Sabatier 1948.

INVENTORY DATA (FG). — 32 trees in 21 plots; Fmax = 1%; dbhinv = 38.8 cm.

[395] *Tovomita umbellata* Benth.

London J. Bot. 2: 367 (Bentham 1843).

*Tovomita stigmatosa* Planch. & Triana, *Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot.* sér. 4, 14: 275 (Planchon & Triana 1860).

*Tovomita nigrescens* Planch. & Triana, *Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot.* sér. 4, 14: 276 (Planchon & Triana 1860).

*Tovomita cephalostigma* Vesque, *Epharmosis* 3: 19 (Vesque 1892).

HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 50 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: E.M. Mélinon s.n. & 435 (possibly the same gathering, original material of *Tovomita cephalostigma*: P[s.n.: P00093869, P01901223; n° 435: P01901224, P01901225]).

INVENTORY DATA (FG). — 109 trees in 35 plots; Fmax = 2.9%; dbhinv = 27.7 cm.

[396] *Tovomita weddelliana* Planch. & Triana

Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot. sér. 4, 14: 277 (Planchon & Triana 1860). — *Arawakia weddelliana* (Planch. & Triana) L.Marinho, *Molec. Phylogen. Evol.* 134: 148 [publ. online Feb. 2019] (Marinho 2019).

*Clusia oblanceolata* Rusby, *Descr. S. Amer. Pl.* 58 [20 Dec. 1920] (Rusby 1920). — *Arawakia oblanceolata* (Rusby) L.Marinho, *Molec. Phylogen. Evol.* 134: 148 [publ. online Feb. 2019] (Marinho 2019).

*Tovomita longicuneata* Engl., *Bot. Jahrb. Syst.* 58 (4, Beibl. 130): 7 [1 July 1923] (Engler 1923). — *Arawakia longicuneata* (Engl.) L.Marinho, *Molec. Phylogen. Evol.* 134: 147 [publ. online Feb. 2019] (Marinho 2019).

*Tovomita sphenophylla* Diels, *Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin-Dahlem* 14: 32 [30 Mar. 1938] (Diels 1938). — *Arawakia sphenophylla* (Diels) L.Marinho, *Molec. Phylogen. Evol.* 134: 148 [publ. online Feb. 2019] (Marinho 2019).

*Tovomita lingulata* Cuatrec., Anales Inst. Biol. Univ. Nac. México 20: 99. (Cuatrecasas 1950). — *Arawakia lingulata* (Cuatrec.) L.Marinho, *Molec. Phylogen. Evol.* 134: 147 [publ. online Feb. 2019] (Marinho 2019).

*Tovomita macrocarpa* Cuatrec., Anales Inst. Biol. Univ. Nac. México 20: 100. (Cuatrecasas 1950). — *Arawakia macrocarpa* (Cuatrec.) L.Marinho, *Molec. Phylogen. Evol.* 134: 148 [publ. online Feb. 2019] (Marinho 2019).

*Tovomita rhizophoroides* Cuatrec., Anales Inst. Biol. Univ. Nac. México 20: 101. (Cuatrecasas 1950). — *Arawakia rhizophoroides* (Cuatrec.) L.Marinho, *Molec. Phylogen. Evol.* 134: 148 [publ. online Feb. 2019] (Marinho 2019).