Rapport technique

2016

Open Access

This version of the publication is provided by the author(s) and made available in accordance with the
copyright holder(s).

## Partage de données environnementales

Giuliani, Gregory

### How to cite

GIULIANI, Gregory. Partage de données environnementales. 2016

This publication URL: https://archive-ouverte.unige.ch/unige:83034
# Partage de données environnementales

par **Grégory GIULIANI**

Chargé d'enseignement

EnviroSPACE, Université de Genève – Institut des sciences de l'environnement, Genève, Suisse

GRID-Genève, Programme des Nations Unies pour l'environnement, Genève, Suisse

## Sources bibliographiques

[1] OECD. – *Science and Innovation Policy. Key Challenges and Opportunites*, p. 1-8 (2004).

[2] HANSON (B.), SUGDEN (A.) et ALBERTS (B.). – *Making data maximally available*. Science, 331(6018), p. 649 (2011).

[3] ARZBERGER (P.) et al. – *Promoting access to public research data for scientific, economic and social development*. Data Science Journal, 3, p. 17 (2004).

[4] Science staff. – *Dealing with data. Challenges and opportunites*. Science, 331(6018), p. 692-693 (2011).

[5] GEO secretariat. – *The first 100 steps to GEOSS*, p. 212 (2007).

[6] BOOZ, ALLEN et HAMILTON. – *Geospatial interoperability return on investment*. NASA, p. 47 (2005).

[7] RYTTERSGAARD (J.). – *Spatial data infrastructure : developing trends and challenges*. In International conference on spatial information for sustainable development. Nairoibi (2001).

[8] NEBERT (D.D.). – *Developing spatial data infrastructure : The SDI Cookbook*. 171 (2005).

[9] GEO secretariat. – *Global earth observation system of systems 10-year implementation plan reference document*, p. 209 (2005).

[10] GORE (A.). – *The digital earth : understanding our planet in the 21st century*. Australian surveyor, 43(2), p. 89-91 (1998).

[11] HENRICKSEN (B.). – *UNSDI Compendium : a UNSDI Vision, implementation strategy, and reference architecture*. UNGIWG, p. 150 (2007).

[12] RAJABIFARD (A.) et WILLIAMSON (I.P.). – *Spatial data infrastructures : Concept, SDI Hierarchy and Future directions*. In Geomatics'80. Tehran, Iran (2001).

[13] EZIGBALIKE (C.). – *SDI-Africa : an implementation guide*. UN Economic Commission for Africa (2004).

[14] PHILIPS (A.), WILLIAMSON (I.) et EZIGBALIKE (C.). – *Spatial data infrastructure concepts*. The Australian Surveyor, 44(1), p. 8 (1999).

[15] CROMPVOETS (J.) et BREGT (A.). – *World status of national spatial data clearinghouses*. URISA journal, 15(1), p. 43-50 (2003).

[16] CROMPVOETS (J.) et al. – *Future directions for spatial data infrastructure assessment*. In a multi-view framework to assess SDIs. CROMPVOETS (J.) et al., Editors. The Melbourne University Press, Melbourne, Australia, p. 385-397 (2009).

[17] MASSER (I.). – *Building european spatial data infrastructure*. ESRI Press., 91 (2007).

[18] FRIIS-CHRISTENSEN (A.) et al. – *Designing service architectures for distributed geoprocessing : challenges and future directions*. Transactions in GIS, 11(6), p. 799-818 (2007).

[19] PAPAZOGLOU (M.P.) et VAN DEN HEUVEL (W.J.). – *Service oriented architectures: approaches, technologies and research issues*. Vldb Journal, 16(3), p. 389-415 (2007).

[20] Open Geospatial Consortium. – *The havoc of non-interoperability*, p. 7 (2004).

[21] Open Geospatial Consortium. – *The Importance of going « Open »* (2005).

[22] GIULIANI (G.), DUBOIS (A.) et LACROIX (P.). – *Testing OGC Web feature and coverage service performance : towards efficient delivery of geospatial data*. Journal of Spatial Information Science, 7, p. 1-23 (2014).

[23] Open Geospatial Consortium. – *OGC reference model*, p. 35 (2008).

[24] OSTENSEN (O.). – *Global geomatics standards supporting sustainable geospatial data infrastructures*. In GSDI-5 : Cartagena De Inydias, Colombia, p. 6 (2001).

[25] Open Geospatial Consortium. – *Geospatial portal reference architecture*, p. 23 (2004).

[26] Open Geospatial Consortium. – *OpenGIS catalogue services specification*, p. 218 (2007).

[27] Open Geospatial Consortium. – *OpenGIS Web Map server implementation specification*, p. 85 (2006).

[28] Open Geospatial Consortium. – *Web feature service implementation specification*, p. 131 (2005).

[29] Open Geospatial Consortium. – *Web coverage Service (WCS) implementation specification*. 143 (2006).

[30] Open Geospatial Consortium. – *OpenGIS Web Processing Service*, p. 87 (2007).

[31] Open Geospatial Consortium. – *OpenGIS Geography Markup Language (GML) encoding standard*. OGC, p. 1-437 (2007).

[32] Open Geospatial Consortium. – *OGC KML*, p. 252 (2008).

[33] European Commission. – *Directive 2007/2/EC of the european parliament and the council of 14 march 2007 establishing an infrastructure for spatial information in the european community (INSPIRE)*. Brussels, p. 14 (2007).

[34] European Commission. – *Good practice in data and service sharing*. European Commission, p. 1-66 (2010).

[35] GEO secretariat. – *Building a global earth observation system of systems*, p. 7 (2008).

[36] GEO secretariat. – *From observation to action – Achieving comprehensive, coordinated, and sustained earth observations for the benefit of humankind : framework for a 10-Year implementation plan*, p. 7 (2004).

[37] GEO secretariat. – *GEOSS Data sharing action plan*, p. 1-68 (2010).

[38] GEO secretariat. – *How GEOSS supports decision making in nine Societal Benefit Areas (SBAs)* (2011).

[39] SUTANTA (H.), RAJABIFARD (A.) et BISHOP (I.D.). – *Integrating spatial planning and disaster risk reduction at the local level in the context of spatially enabled government*. In GSDI-12, Singapore, p. 1-13 (2010).

[40] ASANTE (K.O.) et al. – *The role of spatial data infrastructure in the management of natural disasters*. In GSDI-9. Santiago, Chile (2006).

[41] MANSOURIAN (A.), RAJABIFARD (A.) et VALADAN ZOEJ (M.J.). – *SDI conceptual modeling for disaster management*. In ISPRS Workshop on Service and Application of
Spatial Data Infrastructure, Hangzhou, China (2005).

[42] MANSOURIAN (A.) et al. – Using SDI and web-based system to facilitate disaster management. Computers and Geosciences, 32(3), p. 303-315 (2006).

[43] VAN OOSTEROM (P.), ZLATANOVA (S.) et FENDEL (E.M.). – Geo-information for disaster management. Éd. VAN OOSTEROM (P.), ZLATANOVA (S.), FENDEL (E.M.), Springer, 1434 (2005).

[44] GIULIANI (G.) et PEDUZZI (P.). – The PRE-VIEW global risk data platform : a geoportal to serve and share global data on risk to natural hazards. Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 11(1), p. 53-66 (2011).

[45] ALINIA (S.) et DELAVARA (M.R.). – Applications of spatial data infrastructure in disaster management. In GSDI-11, Rotterdam, p. 10 (2009).

[46] LEHMANN (A.) et al. – Filling the gap between Earth observation and policy making in the Black Sea catchment with enviroGRIDS. Environmental Science and Policy (2014).

[47] GIULIANI (G.) et GORGAN (D.). – *Editorial : EnviroGRIDS special issue on « Building a regional observation system in the Black Sea catchment »*. International Journal of Advanced Computer Science and Applications. *EnviroGRIDS Special Issue on « Building a Regional Observation System in the Black Sea Catchment »*, p. 4-8 (2013).

[48] GORGAN (D.) et al. – Black Sea catchment observation system as a portal for GEOSS community. International Journal of Advanced Computer Science and Applications, EnviroGRIDS Special Issue on « Building a Regional Observation System in the Black Sea Catchment », p. 9-18 (2013).

[49] MYROSHNYCHENKO (V.) et al. – Environmental data gaps in Black Sea catchment countries : INSPIRE and GEOSS state of play. Environmental Science and Policy, (0).

[50] GIULIANI (G.), RAY (N.) et LEHMANN (A.). – Building regional capacities for GEOSS and INSPIRE : a journey in the Black Sea catchment. International Journal of Advanced Computer Science and Applications, Enviro-GRIDS Special Issue on « Building a Regional Observation System in the Black Sea Catchment », p. 19-27 (2013).

[51] CHARVAT (K.) et al. – Enabling efficient discovery of and access to spatial data services. International Journal of Advanced Computer Science and Applications, EnviroGRIDS Special Issue on « Building a Regional Observation System in the Black Sea Catchment », p. 28-31 (2013).

[52] GORGAN (D.) et al. – Spatial data processing tools and applications for Black Sea catchment region. International Journal of Computing, 11(4), p. 327-335 (2012).

[53] GORGAN (D.) et al. – Software platform interoperability throughout EnviroGRIDS portal. Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing, IEEE Journal of, PP(99), p. 1-11 (2012).

[54] BALCIK (F.B.) et al. – Remotely sensed data processing on grids by using GreenLand Web based platform. International Journal of Advanced Computer Science and Applications, EnviroGRIDS Special Issue on « Building a Regional Observation System in the Black Sea Catchment », p. 58-65 (2013).

[55] MIHON (D.) et al. – OGC Compliant services for remote sensing processing over the grid infrastructure. International Journal of Advanced Computer Science and Applications,

EnviroGRIDS Special Issue on « Building a Regional Observation System in the Black Sea Catchment », p. 32-40 (2013).

[56] GIULIANI (G.) et al. – OWS4SWAT : publishing and sharing SWAT outputs with OGC standards. International Journal of Advanced Computer Science and Applications, EnviroGRIDS Special Issue on « Building a Regional Observation System in the Black Sea Catchment », p. 90-98 (2013).

[57] ALLENBACH (K.) et al. – Black Sea beaches vulnerability to sea level rise. Environmental Science and Policy, 46(0), p. 95-109 (2015).

[58] BACU (V.) et al. – Calibration of SWAT hydrological models in a distributed environment using the SWAT application. International Journal of Advanced Computer Science and Applications, EnviroGRIDS Special Issue on « Building a Regional Observation System in the Black Sea Catchment », p. 66-74 (2013).

[59] CAU (P.) et al. – An interoperable, GIS-oriented, information and support system for water resources management. International Journal of Advanced Computer Science and Applications, EnviroGRIDS Special Issue on « Building a Regional Observation System in the Black Sea Catchment », p. 75-82 (2013).

[60] NOORT (M.). – GeoNetCab : marketing earth observation products and services, Part 1 (2011).

[61] NOORT (M.). – GeoNetCab : marketing earth observation products and services, Part 2 (2013).

[62] ANTIC (B.). – EOPOWER case studies of earth observation solutions for economic empowerment. South-Eastern European Journal Issue of Earth Observation and Geomatics, 4(1S) (2015).

[63] ASMARYAN (S.) et al. – Leading the way toward an environmental national spatial data infrastructure in Armenia. South-Eastern European Journal Issue of Earth Observation and Geomatics, 3, p. 52-62 (2014).

[64] JANSSEN (K.) et KUCZERAWY (A.). – Increasing the availability of spatial data held by public sector bodies : some experiences and guidelines from the OneGeology-Europe Project. International Journal of Spatial Data Infrastructures Research, 7, p. 249-276 (2012).

[65] GENOVESI (P.). – Interlinking global biodiversity information platforms : challenges and options for future work (2012).

[66] Global Biodiversity Informatics Outlook. – Delivering biodiversity knowledge in the information age (2012).

[67] LUCAS (R.) et al. – The earth observation data for habitat monitoring (EODHaM) system. International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation, 37(0), p. 17-28 (2015).

[68] McINERNEY (D.) et al. – Developing a forest data portal to support multi-scale decision making. IEEE Journal of Selected Topics In Applied Earth Observations And Remote Sensing, 5(6), p. 1692-1699 (2012).

[69] OBREGÓN (A.) et al. – Satellite-based climate information within the WTO RA VI regional climate centre on climate monitoring. Adv. Sci. Res., 11, p. 25-33 (2014).

[70] PITMAN (A.J.) et al. – Effects of land cover change on temperature and rainfall extremes in multi-model ensemble simulations. Earth Syst. Dynam., 3(2), p. 213-231 (2012).

[71] SALAS (F.R.) et al. – Crossing the digital divide : an interoperable solution for sharing time series and coverages in Earth sciences.

Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 12(10), p. 3013-3029 (2012).

[72] CRAGLIA (M.) et ANNONI (A.). – Building a spatial data infrastructure for Europe : the many research questions for which we need answers. In Gisruk, NUI Maynooth, Ireland, p. 1 (2007).

[73] CRAGLIA (M.), OSTERMANN (F.) et SPINSANTI (L.). – Digital earth from vision to practice : making sense of citizen-generated content. International Journal of Digital Earth, 5(5), p. 398-416 (2012).

[74] MASSER (I.). – Spatial data infrastructures : a SWOTs analysis, p. 1-2 (2006).

[75] MASSER (I.). – The future of spatial data infrastructures. In ISPRS workshop on service and application of spatial data infrastructure. Hangzhou, China (2005).

[76] WILLIAMSON (I.), RAJABIFARD (A.) et BINNS (A.). – Challenges and Issues for SDI development. International Journal of Spatial Data Infrastructures Research, 1, p. 24-35 (2006).

[77] WILLIAMSON (I.P.), RAJABIFARD (A.) et ENEMARK (S.). – Capacity building for SDIs. In 16th United Nations Regional Cartographic. Okinawa, Japan, p. 1-14 (2003).

[78] CRAIG (W.J.). – White knights of spatial data infrastructure : the role and motivation of key individuals. URISA journal, 16(2), p. 5-14 (2005).

[79] BATCHELLER (J.K.), GITTINGS (B.M.) et DUNFEY (R.I.). – A method for automating geospatial dataset metadata. Future Internet, 1(1), p. 28-46 (2009).

[80] FLORCZYK (A.J.) et al. – Automatic generation of geospatial metadata for Web resources. International Journal of Spatial Data Infrastructures Research, 7, p. 151-172 (2012).

[81] OLFAT (H.) et al. – Spatial metadata automation : a key to spatially enabling platform. International Journal of Spatial Data Infrastructures Research, 7, p. 173-195 (2012).

[82] DIAZ (P.) et al. – Analysis of quality metadata in the GEOSS Clearinghouse. International Journal of Spatial Data Infrastructures Research, 7, p. 352-377 (2012).

[83] LEHMANN (A.) et al. – Reviewing innovative Earth observation solutions for filling science-policy gaps in hydrology. Journal of Hydrology, 518, Part B(0), p. 267-277 (2014).

[84] CRAGLIA (M.) et al. – Digital Earth 2020 : towards the vision for the next decade. International Journal of Digital Earth, 5(1), p. 4-21 (2012).

[85] GOODCHILD (M.). – Citizens as voluntary sensors : spatial data infrastructure in the world of Web 2.0. International Journal of Spatial Data Infrastructures Research, 2, p. 24-32 (2007).

[86] GOODCHILD (M.F.) et GLENNON (J.A.). – Crowdsourcing geographic information for disaster response : a research frontier. International Journal of Digital Earth, 3(3), p. 231-241 (2010).

[87] STEN HANSEN (H.) et al. – Capacity building for SDI Implementation – a danish case study. International Journal of Spatial Data Infrastructures Research (2010).

[88] BERNARD (L.) et al. – Scientific geodata infrastructures : challenges, approaches and directions. International Journal of Digital Earth, p. 1-21 (2013).

[89] VALENTIN (J.). – Les données environnementales : un cas particulier dans la mise en place des données publiques en Open Data ? NETCOM, 27(1-2), p. 254-263 (2013).
[90] TARBOTON (D.G.) et al. – Development of a community hydrologic information system. 18th World Imacs Congress and Modsim09 International Congress on Modelling and Simulation, p. 988-994 (2009).

[91] SCHOLES (R.J.) et al. – Building a global observing system for biodiversity. Current Opinion in Environmental Sustainability, 4(1), p. 139-146 (2012).

[92] GIULIANI (G.) et al. – WPS mediation: an approach to process geospatial data on different computing backends. Computers; Geosciences, 47(0), p. 20-33 (2012).

[93] NATIVI (S.) et al. – Big data challenges in building the global earth observation system of systems. Environmental Modelling and Software, 68(0), p. 1-26 (2015).

[94] NATIVI (S.) et al. – Biodiversity and climate change use scenarios framework for the GEOSS interoperability pilot process. Ecological Informatics, 4(1), p. 23-33 (2009).

[95] ANNONI (A.) et al. – A European perspective on digital earth. International Journal of Digital Earth, 4(4), p. 271-284 (2011).

[96] CRAGLIA (M.) et al. – Next-generation digital earth: a position paper from the vespucci initiative for the advancement of geographic information science. International Journal of Spatial Data Infrastructures Research, 3, p. 22 (2008).

[97] GIULIANI (G.) et al. – Sharing environmental data through GEOSS. International Journal of Applied Geospatial Research, 2(1), p. 1-17 (2011).

[98] NATIVI (S.), CRAGLIA (M.) et PEARLMAN (J.). – Earth science infrastructures interoperability: the brokering approach. Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing, IEEE Journal, 6(3), p. 1118-1129 (2013).

[99] NATIVI (S.) et al. – The GEOSS solution for enabling data interoperability and integrative research. Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res. (2013).

[100] BÉJAR (R.) et al. – Systems of systems as a conceptual framework for spatial data infrastructures. International Journal of Spatial Data Infrastructures Research, 4, p. 17 (2009).

[101] NATIVI (S.), CRAGLIA (M.) et PEARLMAN (J.). – The brokering approach for multidisciplinary interoperability: a position paper. International Journal of Spatial Data Infrastructures Research, 7, p. 1-15 (2012).

[102] PEARLMAN (J.) et al. – EuroGEOSS: an Interdisciplinary approach to research and applications for forestry, biodiversity and drought. In 34th International Symposium on Remote Sensing of Environment. Sydney, Australia (2011).

[103] ALEX (F.). – Measuring the SDGs: investments in mapping, geospatial data collection critical to success (2015).

[104] HSU (A.) et ZOMER (A.). – Four hurdles to getting data and science into the SDGs (2015).

## À lire également dans nos bases

CHIARAMONTI (C.). – Échange de données informatisé (EDI). [H 3 598] (2001).

LAURINI (R.). – Bases de données géographiques. [H 3 758] (1996).

AYRAL (P.-A.) et SAUVAGNARGUES-LESAGE (S.). – Systèmes d’information géographique: outil d’aide à la gestion territoriale. [H 7 415] (2009).

AYRAL (P.-A.), SAUVAGNARGUES-LESAGE (S.), TENA-CHOLLET (F.) et THIERION (V.). – Systè-

mes d’information géographique: mise en oeuvre. [H 7 416] (2010).

VOLLE (M.). – Systèmes d’information. [H 5 990] (2011).

## Outils logiciels

**De degree**
http://www.deegree.org/

**GeoNetwork**
http://geonetwork-opensource.org/

**GeoServer**
http://www.geoserver.org

**MapFish**
http://www.mapfish.org

**MapServer**
http://www.mapserver.org

**OpenLayers**
http://www.openlayers.org

**PostgreSQL**
http://www.postgresql.org/

**PostGIS**
http://postgis.refractions.net/

**PyWPS**
http://pywps.wald.intevation.org/

**52north**
http://52north.org

**Humboldt Harmonisation Toolkit**
http://www.esdi-community.eu/projects/toolkit

**EasySDI**
http://www.easysdi.org/en/

**geOrchestra SDI**
http://www.georchestra.org

## Sites Internet

**Group on Earth Observations**
http://www.earthobservations.org

**INSPIRE**
http://inspire.jrc.ec.europa.eu/

**SDI Cookbook**
http://www.gsdidocs.org/GSDIWiki/index.php/Main_Page

**GSDI Association**
http://www.gsdii.org

**OSGeo**
http://www.osgeo.org

**Forum français de l'OGC**
http://www.forumogfrance.org

## Événements

Conférence INSPIRE, a lieu tous les ans dans une ville européenne différente
http://inspire.ec.europa.eu/index.cfm/pageid/501

Plénière GEO/GEOSS, a lieu tous les ans
http://www.earthobservations.org/meetings.php

## Normes et standards

ISO 19115-1 2004 Geographic information – Metadata – Part 1: Fundamentals

ISO/TS 19139 2007 Geographic information – Metadata – XML schema implementation

ISO 19119 2005 ISO Geographic information – Services

**OGC Catalogue Service**
http://www.opengeospatial.org/standards/cat

**OGC Geography Markup Language**
http://www.opengeospatial.org/standards/gml

**OGC KML**
http://www.opengeospatial.org/standards/kml
## PARTAGE DE DONNÉES ENVIRONNEMENTALES

### OGC Web Coverage Service
http://www.opengeospatial.org/standards/wcs

### OGC Web Feature Service
http://www.opengeospatial.org/standards/wfs

### OGC Web Map Service
http://www.opengeospatial.org/standards/wms

### OGC Web Processing Service
http://www.opengeospatial.org/standards/wps

## Réglementation

Directive 2007/2/CE du Parlement européen et du Conseil du 14 mars 2007 établissant une infrastructure d'information géographique dans la Communauté européenne (INSPIRE)

http://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/FR/ALL/?uri=CELEX%3A32007L0002

Directive 2000/60/CE du Parlement européen et du Conseil du 23 octobre 2000 établissant un cadre pour une politique communautaire dans le

domaine de l'eau

http://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/FR/TXT/?qid=1447674317062&uri=CELEX:32000L0060

Loi fédérale sur la géoinformation n° 510.62 du 5 octobre 2007 (Loi sur la géoinformation, LGéo)

https://www.admin.ch/opc/fr/classified-compilation/20050726/index.html