Références bibliographiques

Álvarez-Castillo, L., Hermoso-Salazar, M., Rivas, G., Estradas-Romero, A., Prol-Ledesma, R.M., 2023. Effect of high temperature on the meiofauna composition, abundance, and biomass in a zone of geophysical anomalies. Mar. Ecol. e12751. https://doi.org/10.1111/maec.12751

Arambourou, H., Fuertes, I., Vulliet, E., Daniele, G., Noury, P., Delorme, N., Abbaci, K., Barata, C., 2018. Fenoxycarb exposure disrupted the reproductive success of the amphipod Gammarus fossarum with limited effects on the lipid profile. PLoS ONE 13, e0196461. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0196461

Artois, T., Fontaneto, D., Hummon, W.D., McInnes, S.J., Todaro, M.A., Sørensen, M.V., Zullini, A., 2011. Ubiquity of microscopic animals? Evidence from the morphological approach in species identification, in: Fontaneto, D. (Ed.), Biogeography of Microscopic Organisms: Is Everything Small Everywhere?, Systematics Association Special Volume Series. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, pp. 244–283. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511974878.014

Battin, T.J., Besemer, K., Bengtsson, M.M., Romani, A.M., Packmann, A.I., 2016. The ecology and biogeochemistry of stream biofilms. Nat. Rev. Microbiol. 14, 251–263. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrmicro.2016.15

Coull, B.C., 1999. Role of meiofauna in estuarine soft-bottom habitats*. Aust. J. Ecol. 24, 327–343. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1442-9993.1999.00979.x

Fadhlaoui, M., Lavoie, I., 2021. Effects of Temperature and Glyphosate on Fatty Acid Composition, Antioxidant Capacity, and Lipid Peroxidation in the Gastropod Lymneae sp. Water 13, 1039. https://doi.org/10.3390/w13081039

Gansfort, B., Fontaneto, D., Zhai, M., 2020. Meiofauna as a model to test paradigms of ecological metacommunity theory. Hydrobiologia 847. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-020-04185-2

Gophen, M., 2005. Seasonal Rotifer Dynamics in the Long-term (1969–2002) Record from Lake Kinneret (Israel). Hydrobiologia 546, 443–450. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-005-4287-y

Guasch, H., Ricart, M., López-Doval, J., Bonnineau, C., Proia, L., Morin, S., Muñoz, I., Romaní, A.M., Sabater, S., 2016. Influence of grazing on triclosan toxicity to stream periphyton. Freshw. Biol. 61, 2002–2012. https://doi.org/10.1111/fwb.12797

Hagerthey, S.E., Bellinger, B.J., Wheeler, K., Gantar, M., Gaiser, E., 2011. Everglades Periphyton: A Biogeochemical Perspective. Crit. Rev. Environ. Sci. Technol. 41, 309–343. https://doi.org/10.1080/10643389.2010.531218

Higgins, R.P., Thiel, H., 1988. Introduction to the study of meiofauna. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, D.C.

Hillebrand, H., Kahlert, M., Haglund, A.-L., Berninger, U.-G., Nagel, S., Wickham, S., 2002. Control of Microbenthic Communities by Grazing and Nutrient Supply. Ecology 83, 2205–2219. https://doi.org/10.1890/0012-9658(2002)083[2205:COMCBG]2.0.CO;2

Hlawa, S., Heerkloss, R., 1994. Experimental studies into the feeding biology of rotifers in brackish water. J. Plankton Res. 16, 1021–1038. https://doi.org/10.1093/plankt/16.8.1021

Jeuck, A., Arndt, H., 2013. A Short Guide to Common Heterotrophic Flagellates of Freshwater Habitats Based on the Morphology of Living Organisms. Protist 164, 842–860. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.protis.2013.08.003

Julie, N.-O., Vedrenne, J., Morin, S., 2016. Who eats who in biofilms? Exploring the drivers of microalgal and micro-meiofaunal abundance. Bot. Lett. 163, 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1080/23818107.2016.1151827

Kathol, M., Fischer, H., Weitere, M., 2011. Contribution of biofilm-dwelling consumers to pelagic-benthic coupling in a large river. Freshw. Biol. 56, 1160–1172. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2427.2010.02561.x

Kathol, M., Norf, H., Arndt, H., Weitere, M., 2009. Effects of temperature increase on the grazing of planktonic bacteria by biofilm-dwelling consumers. Aquat. Microb. Ecol. - AQUAT MICROB ECOL 55, 65–79. https://doi.org/10.3354/ame01286

Khan, Z., Law, F., 2005. Adverse effects of pesticides and related chemicals on enzyme and hormone systems of fish, amphibians and reptiles: A review. Proc. Pak. Acad. Sci. 42.
Références bibliographiques

Álvarez-Castillo, L., Hermoso-Salazar, M., Rivas, G., Estradas-Romero, A., Prol-Ledesma, R.M., 2023. Effect of high temperature on the meiofauna composition, abundance, and biomass in a zone of geophysical anomalies. Mar. Ecol. e12751. https://doi.org/10.1111/maec.12751

Arambourou, H., Fuertes, I., Vulliet, E., Daniele, G., Noury, P., Delorme, N., Abbaci, K., Barata, C., 2018. Fenoxycarb exposure disrupted the reproductive success of the amphipod Gammarus fossarum with limited effects on the lipid profile. PLoS ONE 13, e0196461. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0196461

Artois, T., Fontaneto, D., Hummon, W.D., McInnes, S.J., Todaro, M.A., Sørensen, M.V., Zullini, A., 2011. Ubiquity of microscopic animals? Evidence from the morphological approach in species identification, in: Fontaneto, D. (Ed.), Biogeography of Microscopic Organisms: Is Everything Small Everywhere?, Systematics Association Special Volume Series. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, pp. 244–283. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511974878.014

Battin, T.J., Besemer, K., Bengtsson, M.M., Romani, A.M., Packmann, A.I., 2016. The ecology and biogeochemistry of stream biofilms. Nat. Rev. Microbiol. 14, 251–263. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrmicro.2016.15

Coull, B.C., 1999. Role of meiofauna in estuarine soft-bottom habitats*. Aust. J. Ecol. 24, 327–343. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1442-9993.1999.00979.x

Fadhlaoui, M., Lavoie, I., 2021. Effects of Temperature and Glyphosate on Fatty Acid Composition, Antioxidant Capacity, and Lipid Peroxidation in the Gastropod Lymneae sp. Water 13, 1039. https://doi.org/10.3390/w13081039

Gansfort, B., Fontaneto, D., Zhai, M., 2020. Meiofauna as a model to test paradigms of ecological metacommunity theory. Hydrobiologia 847. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-020-04185-2

Gophen, M., 2005. Seasonal Rotifer Dynamics in the Long-term (1969–2002) Record from Lake Kinneret (Israel). Hydrobiologia 546, 443–450. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-005-4287-y

Guasch, H., Ricart, M., López-Doval, J., Bonnineau, C., Proia, L., Morin, S., Muñoz, I., Romaní, A.M., Sabater, S., 2016. Influence of grazing on triclosan toxicity to stream periphyton. Freshw. Biol. 61, 2002–2012. https://doi.org/10.1111/fwb.12797

Hagerthey, S.E., Bellinger, B.J., Wheeler, K., Gantar, M., Gaiser, E., 2011. Everglades Periphyton: A Biogeochemical Perspective. Crit. Rev. Environ. Sci. Technol. 41, 309–343. https://doi.org/10.1080/10643389.2010.531218

Higgins, R.P., Thiel, H., 1988. Introduction to the study of meiofauna. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, D.C.

Hillebrand, H., Kahlert, M., Haglund, A.-L., Berninger, U.-G., Nagel, S., Wickham, S., 2002. Control of Microbenthic Communities by Grazing and Nutrient Supply. Ecology 83, 2205–2219. https://doi.org/10.1890/0012-9658(2002)083[2205:COMCBG]2.0.CO;2

Hlawa, S., Heerkloss, R., 1994. Experimental studies into the feeding biology of rotifers in brackish water. J. Plankton Res. 16, 1021–1038. https://doi.org/10.1093/plankt/16.8.1021

Jeuck, A., Arndt, H., 2013. A Short Guide to Common Heterotrophic Flagellates of Freshwater Habitats Based on the Morphology of Living Organisms. Protist 164, 842–860. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.protis.2013.08.003

Julie, N.-O., Vedrenne, J., Morin, S., 2016. Who eats who in biofilms? Exploring the drivers of microalgal and micro-meiofaunal abundance. Bot. Lett. 163, 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1080/23818107.2016.1151827

Kathol, M., Fischer, H., Weitere, M., 2011. Contribution of biofilm-dwelling consumers to pelagic-benthic coupling in a large river. Freshw. Biol. 56, 1160–1172. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2427.2010.02561.x

Kathol, M., Norf, H., Arndt, H., Weitere, M., 2009. Effects of temperature increase on the grazing of planktonic bacteria by biofilm-dwelling consumers. Aquat. Microb. Ecol. - AQUAT MICROB ECOL 55, 65–79. https://doi.org/10.3354/ame01286

Khan, Z., Law, F., 2005. Adverse effects of pesticides and related chemicals on enzyme and hormone systems of fish, amphibians and reptiles: A review. Proc. Pak. Acad. Sci. 42.
Leeuwenhoek, A.V., 1997. Observations, communicated to the publisher by Mr. Antony van Leewenhoeck, in a dutch letter of the 9th Octob. 1676. here English'd: concerning little animals by him observed in rain-well-sea- and snow water; as also in water wherein pepper had lain infused. Philos. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. 12, 821-831. https://doi.org/10.1098/rstl.1677.0003

Levine, S.L., von Mérey, G., Minderhout, T., Manson, P., Sutton, P., 2015. Aminomethylphosphonic acid has low chronic toxicity to Daphnia magna and Pimephales promelas. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 34, 1382-1389. https://doi.org/10.1002/etc.2940

Majdi, N., Mialet, B., Boyer, S., Tackx, M., Leflaive, J., Boulêtreau, S., Ten-Hage, L., Julien, F., Fernandez, R., Buffan-Dubau, E., 2012a. The relationship between epilithic biofilm stability and its associated meiofauna under two patterns of flood disturbance. Freshw. Sci. 31, 38-50. https://doi.org/10.1899/11-073.1

Majdi, N., Schmid-Araya, J.M., Traunspurger, W., 2020a. Preface: Patterns and processes of meiofauna in freshwater ecosystems. Hydrobiologia 847, 2587-2595. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-020-04301-2

Majdi, N., Tackx, M., Buffan-Dubau, E., 2012b. Trophic positioning and microphytobenthic carbon uptake of biofilm-dwelling meiofauna in a temperate river. Freshw. Biol. 57, 1180-1190. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2427.2012.02784.x

Majdi, N., Uthoff, J., Traunspurger, W., Laffaille, P., Maire, A., 2020b. Effect of water warming on the structure of biofilm-dwelling communities. Ecol. Indic. 117, 106622. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2020.106622

Martin, J., 2015 Synthèse bibliographique des changements d'échelles cartographiques et des relations écologiques entre les espèces et leurs habitats.

Montuelle, B., Dorigo, U., Bérard, A., Volat, B., Bouchez, A., Tlili, A., Gouy, V., Pesce, S., 2010. The periphyton as a multimetric bioindicator for assessing the impact of land use on rivers: An overview of the Ardières-Morcille experimental watershed (France). Hydrobiologia 657, 123-141. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-010-0105-2

Mustalish, R., 2000. Optical brighteners: history and technology. Stud. Conserv. 45, 133-136. https://doi.org/10.1179/sic.2000.45.Supplement-1.133

Nates, S.F., McKenney, C.L., 2000. Growth, lipid class and fatty acid composition in juvenile mud crabs (Rhthropanopeus harrisii) following larval exposure to Fenoxycarb, insect juvenile hormone analog. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. Toxicol. Pharmacol. CBP 127, 317-325. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0742-8413(00)00157-2

Neury-Ormanni, J., 2021 Impact de la saisonnalité et d'une contamination pesticide environnementale sur des relations biotiques entre la micro-méiofaune et les microalgues d'un biofilm d'eau douce.

Niloy, N.M., Haque, Md.M., Tareq, S.M., 2021. Fluorescent whitening agents in commercial detergent: A potential marker of emerging anthropogenic pollution in freshwater of Bangladesh. Environ. Nanotechnol. Monit. Manag. 15, 100419. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enmm.2020.100419

Pesce, S., Batisson, I., Bardot, C., Fajon, C., Portelli, C., Montuelle, B., Bohatier, J., 2009. Response of spring and summer riverine microbial communities following glyphosate exposure. Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf. 72, 1905-1912. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoenv.2009.07.004

Sabater, S., Guasch, H., Ricart, M., Romaní, A., Vidal, G., Klünder, C., Schmitt, M., 2007. Monitoring the effect of chemicals on biological communities. The biofilm as an interface. Anal. Bioanal. Chem. 387, 1425-34. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-006-1051-8

Saeed, A., Shabir, G., Batool, I., 2014. Novel stilbene-triazine symmetrical optical brighteners: synthesis and applications. J. Fluoresc. 24, 1119-1127. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10895-014-1392-1

Segner, H., Schmitt, M., Sabater, S., 2014. Assessing the Impact of Multiple Stressors on Aquatic Biota: The Receptor's Side Matters. Environ. Sci. Technol. 48. https://doi.org/10.1021/es405082t

Stevenson, R.J., Bothwell, M.L., Lowe, R.L. (Eds.), 1996. Algal ecology: freshwater benthic ecosystems, Aquatic ecology series. Academic Press, San Diego.

Vadeboncoeur, Y., Steinman, A.D., 2002. Periphyton Function in Lake Ecosystems. Sci. World J. 2, 1449-1468. https://doi.org/10.1100/tsw.2002.294

Villanueva, V., Font, J., Schwartz, T., Romaní, A., 2011. Biofilm formation at warming temperature: Acceleration of microbial colonization and microbial interactive effects. Biofouling 27, 59-71. https://doi.org/10.1080/08927014.2010.538841

Wang, C.J., Liu, Z., 2007. Foliar uptake of pesticides—Present status and future challenge. Pestic.
Leeuwenhoek, A.V., 1997. Observations, communicated to the publisher by Mr. Antony van Leewenhoeck, in a dutch letter of the 9th Octob. 1676. here English'd: concerning little animals by him observed in rain-well-sea- and snow water; as also in water wherein pepper had lain infused. Philos. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. 12, 821-831. https://doi.org/10.1098/rstl.1677.0003

Levine, S.L., von Mérey, G., Minderhout, T., Manson, P., Sutton, P., 2015. Aminomethylphosphonic acid has low chronic toxicity to Daphnia magna and Pimephales promelas. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 34, 1382-1389. https://doi.org/10.1002/etc.2940

Majdi, N., Mialet, B., Boyer, S., Tackx, M., Leflaive, J., Boulêtreau, S., Ten-Hage, L., Julien, F., Fernandez, R., Buffan-Dubau, E., 2012a. The relationship between epilithic biofilm stability and its associated meiofauna under two patterns of flood disturbance. Freshw. Sci. 31, 38-50. https://doi.org/10.1899/11-073.1

Majdi, N., Schmid-Araya, J.M., Traunspurger, W., 2020a. Preface: Patterns and processes of meiofauna in freshwater ecosystems. Hydrobiologia 847, 2587-2595. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-020-04301-2

Majdi, N., Tackx, M., Buffan-Dubau, E., 2012b. Trophic positioning and microphytobenthic carbon uptake of biofilm-dwelling meiofauna in a temperate river. Freshw. Biol. 57, 1180-1190. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2427.2012.02784.x

Majdi, N., Uthoff, J., Traunspurger, W., Laffaille, P., Maire, A., 2020b. Effect of water warming on the structure of biofilm-dwelling communities. Ecol. Indic. 117, 106622. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2020.106622

Martin, J., 2015 Synthèse bibliographique des changements d'échelles cartographiques et des relations écologiques entre les espèces et leurs habitats.

Montuelle, B., Dorigo, U., Bérard, A., Volat, B., Bouchez, A., Tlili, A., Gouy, V., Pesce, S., 2010. The periphyton as a multimetric bioindicator for assessing the impact of land use on rivers: An overview of the Ardières-Morcille experimental watershed (France). Hydrobiologia 657, 123-141. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-010-0105-2

Mustalish, R., 2000. Optical brighteners: history and technology. Stud. Conserv. 45, 133-136. https://doi.org/10.1179/sic.2000.45.Supplement-1.133

Nates, S.F., McKenney, C.L., 2000. Growth, lipid class and fatty acid composition in juvenile mud crabs (Rhthropanopeus harrisii) following larval exposure to Fenoxycarb, insect juvenile hormone analog. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. Toxicol. Pharmacol. CBP 127, 317-325. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0742-8413(00)00157-2

Neury-Ormanni, J., 2021 Impact de la saisonnalité et d'une contamination pesticide environnementale sur des relations biotiques entre la micro-méiofaune et les microalgues d'un biofilm d'eau douce.

Niloy, N.M., Haque, Md.M., Tareq, S.M., 2021. Fluorescent whitening agents in commercial detergent: A potential marker of emerging anthropogenic pollution in freshwater of Bangladesh. Environ. Nanotechnol. Monit. Manag. 15, 100419. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enmm.2020.100419

Pesce, S., Batisson, I., Bardot, C., Fajon, C., Portelli, C., Montuelle, B., Bohatier, J., 2009. Response of spring and summer riverine microbial communities following glyphosate exposure. Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf. 72, 1905-1912. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoenv.2009.07.004

Sabater, S., Guasch, H., Ricart, M., Romaní, A., Vidal, G., Klünder, C., Schmitt, M., 2007. Monitoring the effect of chemicals on biological communities. The biofilm as an interface. Anal. Bioanal. Chem. 387, 1425-34. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-006-1051-8

Saeed, A., Shabir, G., Batool, I., 2014. Novel stilbene-triazine symmetrical optical brighteners: synthesis and applications. J. Fluoresc. 24, 1119-1127. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10895-014-1392-1

Segner, H., Schmitt, M., Sabater, S., 2014. Assessing the Impact of Multiple Stressors on Aquatic Biota: The Receptor's Side Matters. Environ. Sci. Technol. 48. https://doi.org/10.1021/es405082t

Stevenson, R.J., Bothwell, M.L., Lowe, R.L. (Eds.), 1996. Algal ecology: freshwater benthic ecosystems, Aquatic ecology series. Academic Press, San Diego.

Vadeboncoeur, Y., Steinman, A.D., 2002. Periphyton Function in Lake Ecosystems. Sci. World J. 2, 1449-1468. https://doi.org/10.1100/tsw.2002.294

Villanueva, V., Font, J., Schwartz, T., Romaní, A., 2011. Biofilm formation at warming temperature: Acceleration of microbial colonization and microbial interactive effects. Biofouling 27, 59-71. https://doi.org/10.1080/08927014.2010.538841

Wang, C.J., Liu, Z., 2007. Foliar uptake of pesticides—Present status and future challenge. Pestic.
Biochem. Physiol. 87, 1-8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pestbp.2006.04.004

Wang, S., Seiwert, B., Kästner, M., Miltner, A., Schäffer, A., Reemtsma, T., Yang, Q., Nowak, K.M., 2016. (Bio)degradation of glyphosate in water-sediment microcosms - A stable isotope co-labeling approach. Water Res. 99, 91-100. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2016.04.041

Weitere, M., Erken, M., Majdi, N., Arndt, H., Norf, H., Reinshagen, M., Traunspurger, W., Walterscheid, A., Wey, J., 2018. The food web perspective on aquatic biofilms. Ecol. Monogr. 88. https://doi.org/10.1002/ecm.1315

Westall, F., Cavalazzi, B., Lemelle, L., Marrocchi, Y., Rouzaud, J.-N., Simionovici, A., Salomé, M., Mostefaoui, S., Andreazza, C., Foucher, F., Toporski, J., Jauss, A., Thiel, V., Southam, G., MacLean, L., Wirick, S., Hofmann, A., Meibom, A., Robert, F., Défarge, C., 2011. Implications of in situ calcification for photosynthesis in a ~3.3Ga-old microbial biofilm from the Barberton greenstone belt, South Africa. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 310, 468-479. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2011.08.029

Zhao, L., Wang, Z., Xu, G., Xu, H., 2016. Body-size spectra of biofilm-dwelling protozoa and their seasonal shift in coastal ecosystems. Eur. J. Protistol. 56. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejop.2016.07.003
Biochem. Physiol. 87, 1-8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pestbp.2006.04.004

Wang, S., Seiwert, B., Kästner, M., Miltner, A., Schäffer, A., Reemtsma, T., Yang, Q., Nowak, K.M., 2016. (Bio)degradation of glyphosate in water-sediment microcosms - A stable isotope co-labeling approach. Water Res. 99, 91-100. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2016.04.041

Weitere, M., Erken, M., Majdi, N., Arndt, H., Norf, H., Reinshagen, M., Traunspurger, W., Walterscheid, A., Wey, J., 2018. The food web perspective on aquatic biofilms. Ecol. Monogr. 88. https://doi.org/10.1002/ecm.1315

Westall, F., Cavalazzi, B., Lemelle, L., Marrocchi, Y., Rouzaud, J.-N., Simionovici, A., Salomé, M., Mostefaoui, S., Andreazza, C., Foucher, F., Toporski, J., Jauss, A., Thiel, V., Southam, G., MacLean, L., Wirick, S., Hofmann, A., Meibom, A., Robert, F., Défarge, C., 2011. Implications of in situ calcification for photosynthesis in a ~3.3Ga-old microbial biofilm from the Barberton greenstone belt, South Africa. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 310, 468-479. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2011.08.029

Zhao, L., Wang, Z., Xu, G., Xu, H., 2016. Body-size spectra of biofilm-dwelling protozoa and their seasonal shift in coastal ecosystems. Eur. J. Protistol. 56. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejop.2016.07.003
# Annexe 1: Synthèse des propriétés physico-chimiques des 4 produits chimiques étudiés

<table><caption>Tableau 7: Synthèses des propriétés physico-chimiques des 4 produits chimiques étudiés. DAST: Azurant optique, FNX: fénoxycarbe.</caption><thead><tr><th>Propriétés physico-chimiques</th><th>DAST</th><th>FNX</th><th>GLYPHOSATE</th><th>AMPA</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>Poids moléculaire (g.mol<sup>-1</sup>)</td><td>960,5</td><td>301.34</td><td>169,1</td><td>111,04</td></tr><tr><td>Solubilité dans l'eau (mg.L<sup>-1</sup>)</td><td>Non disponible (ND)</td><td>6,00 à 20 °C</td><td>10500</td><td>ND</td></tr><tr><td>Pression de vapeur (Pa)</td><td>ND</td><td>0,00000001</td><td>1.31.10<sup>-5</sup></td><td>ND</td></tr><tr><td>Constante de Henry (Pa.m<sup>3</sup>.mol<sup>-1</sup>)</td><td>ND</td><td>4,30.10<sup>-10</sup></td><td>2.1.10<sup>-7</sup></td><td>ND</td></tr><tr><td>Log Kow</td><td>ND</td><td>4,07</td><td>-3,4 ; -2,8 ; -1</td><td>-2,17</td></tr><tr><td>Coefficient de partage carbone organique - eau (Koc) (L.kg<sup>-1</sup>)</td><td>ND</td><td>4189</td><td>884 à 60000</td><td>8027</td></tr><tr><td>Hydrolyse (T1/2 en j)</td><td>ND</td><td>Stable à pH 5,7 et 9</td><td>Stable à pH 5,7 et 9</td><td>12h à 7 semaines</td></tr><tr><td>Photolyse (T1/2 en j)</td><td>ND</td><td>Stable</td><td>69 à pH = 7</td><td>ND</td></tr></tbody></table>

# Annexe 2: zone d'étude

<figure><img src="image_19.png" /><figcaption>Figure 17: Carte du site de l'étang de Gazinet-Cestas (réalisé avec Google Maps)</figcaption></figure>
# Annexe 1: Synthèse des propriétés physico-chimiques des 4 produits chimiques étudiés

<table><caption>Tableau 7: Synthèses des propriétés physico-chimiques des 4 produits chimiques étudiés. DAST: Azurant optique, FNX: fénoxycarbe.</caption><thead><tr><th>Propriétés physico-chimiques</th><th>DAST</th><th>FNX</th><th>GLYPHOSATE</th><th>AMPA</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>Poids moléculaire (g.mol<sup>-1</sup>)</td><td>960,5</td><td>301.34</td><td>169,1</td><td>111,04</td></tr><tr><td>Solubilité dans l'eau (mg.L<sup>-1</sup>)</td><td>Non disponible (ND)</td><td>6,00 à 20 °C</td><td>10500</td><td>ND</td></tr><tr><td>Pression de vapeur (Pa)</td><td>ND</td><td>0,00000001</td><td>1.31.10<sup>-5</sup></td><td>ND</td></tr><tr><td>Constante de Henry (Pa.m<sup>3</sup>.mol<sup>-1</sup>)</td><td>ND</td><td>4,30.10<sup>-10</sup></td><td>2.1.10<sup>-7</sup></td><td>ND</td></tr><tr><td>Log Kow</td><td>ND</td><td>4,07</td><td>-3,4 ; -2,8 ; -1</td><td>-2,17</td></tr><tr><td>Coefficient de partage carbone organique - eau (Koc) (L.kg<sup>-1</sup>)</td><td>ND</td><td>4189</td><td>884 à 60000</td><td>8027</td></tr><tr><td>Hydrolyse (T1/2 en j)</td><td>ND</td><td>Stable à pH 5,7 et 9</td><td>Stable à pH 5,7 et 9</td><td>12h à 7 semaines</td></tr><tr><td>Photolyse (T1/2 en j)</td><td>ND</td><td>Stable</td><td>69 à pH = 7</td><td>ND</td></tr></tbody></table>

# Annexe 2: zone d'étude

<figure><img src="image_20.png" /><figcaption>Figure 17: Carte du site de l'étang de Gazinet-Cestas (réalisé avec Google Maps)</figcaption></figure>
Annexe 3: Lieu de colonisation et colonisation d'une lame

<figure><img src="image_20.png" /><figcaption>Figure 18: A) mise en place des analyses environnementales et récupération des lames de verre sur le dispositif flottant dans l'étang de Gazinet de Cestas</figcaption></figure>

B) Photo de deux lames, la lame à droite est vierge tandis que la lame à gauche est le support d'un biofilm mature de 28 jours.
Annexe 3: Lieu de colonisation et colonisation d'une lame

<figure><img src="image_21.png" /><figcaption>Figure 18: A) mise en place des analyses environnementales et récupération des lames de verre sur le dispositif flottant dans l'étang de Gazinet de Cestas</figcaption></figure>

<caption>B) Photo de deux lames, la lame à droite est vierge tandis que la lame à gauche est le support d'un biofilm mature de 28 jours.</caption>
Annexe 4 : Date de dépôt, d'échantillonnage

Les biofilms ont été récupéré selon le planning suivant :

<table><caption>Tableau 8: Tableau récapitulatif des dates de déposes des lames, des dates d'échantillonnages et le temps de colonisation correspondant</caption><thead><tr><th>Expérience</th><th>Dates dépose des lames verres dans l'Etang</th><th>Date échantillonnage des lames verres de l' Etang</th><th>Temps de colonisation (jours)</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>In-situ</td><td>Jeudi 01/12/22</td><td>Mardi 03/01/23</td><td>33</td></tr><tr><td>In-situ</td><td>Lundi 09/01/23</td><td>Lundi 06/02/23</td><td>28</td></tr><tr><td>In-situ</td><td>Vendredi 10/02/23</td><td>Lundi 13/03/23</td><td>31</td></tr><tr><td>In-situ</td><td>Vendredi 17/03/23</td><td>Lundi 17/04/23</td><td>31</td></tr><tr><td>In-situ</td><td>Lundi 17/04/23</td><td>Lundi 15/05/23</td><td>28</td></tr><tr><td>Canaux</td><td>Jeudi 01/12/22</td><td>Mardi 11/04/2023</td><td>131</td></tr><tr><td>Canaux</td><td>Jeudi 01/12/22</td><td>Mercredi 12/04/2023</td><td>132</td></tr><tr><td>Canaux</td><td>Jeudi 01/12/22</td><td>Lundi 24/04/2023</td><td>144</td></tr><tr><td>Canaux</td><td>Jeudi 01/12/22</td><td>Jeudi 11/05/2023</td><td>161</td></tr></tbody></table>

Annexe 5: Photo de l'expérience en canaux

<figure><img src="image_21.png" /><figcaption>Figure 19: Photo des différents canaux en laboratoire</figcaption></figure>
Annexe 4 : Date de dépôt, d'échantillonnage

Les biofilms ont été récupéré selon le planning suivant :

<table><caption>Tableau 8: Tableau récapitulatif des dates de déposes des lames, des dates d'échantillonnages et le temps de colonisation correspondant</caption><thead><tr><th>Expérience</th><th>Dates dépose des lames verres dans l'Etang</th><th>Date échantillonnage des lames verres de l' Etang</th><th>Temps de colonisation (jours)</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>In-situ</td><td>Jeudi 01/12/22</td><td>Mardi 03/01/23</td><td>33</td></tr><tr><td>In-situ</td><td>Lundi 09/01/23</td><td>Lundi 06/02/23</td><td>28</td></tr><tr><td>In-situ</td><td>Vendredi 10/02/23</td><td>Lundi 13/03/23</td><td>31</td></tr><tr><td>In-situ</td><td>Vendredi 17/03/23</td><td>Lundi 17/04/23</td><td>31</td></tr><tr><td>In-situ</td><td>Lundi 17/04/23</td><td>Lundi 15/05/23</td><td>28</td></tr><tr><td>Canaux</td><td>Jeudi 01/12/22</td><td>Mardi 11/04/2023</td><td>131</td></tr><tr><td>Canaux</td><td>Jeudi 01/12/22</td><td>Mercredi 12/04/2023</td><td>132</td></tr><tr><td>Canaux</td><td>Jeudi 01/12/22</td><td>Lundi 24/04/2023</td><td>144</td></tr><tr><td>Canaux</td><td>Jeudi 01/12/22</td><td>Jeudi 11/05/2023</td><td>161</td></tr></tbody></table>

Annexe 5: Photo de l'expérience en canaux

<figure><img src="image_22.png" /><figcaption>Figure 19: Photo des différents canaux en laboratoire</figcaption></figure>
# Annexe 6: Les différentes sources bibliographiques mobilisées en fonction des types d'organismes à identifier

Méiofaune dont les tailles étaient supérieures à 500 µm comme les **oligochètes**, les larves de **chironomes**, les **plathelminthes**, les **crustacés**, les **nématodes** et les **petits gastéropodes**

Clés de détermination des invertébrés d'eau douce (Tachet et al. 2010) : Tachet, H., P. Richoux, M. Bournaud & P. Usseglio Polatera, 2010. Invertébrés d'eau douce : systématique, biologie, écologie. CNRS Editions, Paris.

## Les **rotifères**, méiofaune plus petites (70 à 300µm)

Base de données internet « Rotifer World Catalog », (http://rotifera.hausdernatur.at/, 2023)

Ricci, C., Melone, G., 2000. Key to the identification of the genera of Bdelloid Rotifers. Hydrobiologia 418, 73-80. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1003840216827

## Les **amibes** de diverses sortes et groupe d'unicellulaires. Les amibes dites «nues», les amibes à thèques appelées «thécamébiens» et les amibes centriques entourées d'axopodes «les héliozoaires» :

Les clés de détermination de la base de donnée internet « Arcella Microworld » (https://www.arcella.nl/, 2023)

## Les **ciliés**

La collection complète des livres de taxonomie de Wilhelm Foissner : sa clé de détermination (Foissner 1996) et les volumes auxquels elle renvoie (Foissner et al. 1991; 1992; 1993; 1994; 1995).

- Foissner, W., 1993. Colpodea (Ciliophora).798.

- Foissner, W., 1996. A user-friendly guide to the ciliate (Protozoa, Ciliophora) commonly used by hydrobiologists as bioindicators in rivers, lakes, and waste waters, with notes on their ecology. Freshwater Biology 35:375-482.

- Foissner, W., H. Berger, H. Blatterer & F. Kohmann, 1995. Taxonomische und ökologische revision der ciliaten des saprobiensystems : band IV. Gymnostomatea, Loxodes, Suctoria. Bayerisches Landesamt für Wasserwirtschaft, Munchen, DEU.

- Foissner, W., H. Berger & F. Kohmann, 1992. Taxonomische und ökologische Revision der Ciliaten des Saprobiensystems. Band II: Peritrichia, Heterotrichida, Odontostomatida, vol 5/92. Informationsberichte des Bayerischen Landesamtes für Wasserwirtschaft.

- Foissner, W., H. Berger & F. Kohmann, 1994. Taxonomische und ökologische revision der ciliaten des saprobiensystems : band III. Hymenostomata, Prostomatida, Nassulida. Bayerisches Landesamt für Wasserwirtschaft, Munchen, DEU.

- Foissner, W., H. Blatterer, H. Berger & F. Kohmann, 1991. Taxonomische und ökologische Revision der Ciliaten des Saprobiensystems. Band I: Cyrtophorida, Oligotrichida, Hypotrichia, Colpodea, vol 1/91. Informationsberichte des Bayerischen Landesamtes für Wasserwirtschaft.

## Les **zooflagellés** :

Le guide des flagellés hétérotrophe (Jeuck and Arndt, 2013) : Jeuck, A., Arndt, H., 2013. A Short Guide to Common Heterotrophic Flagellates of Freshwater Habitats Based on the Morphology of Living Organisms. Protist 164, 842-860. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.protis.2013.08.003
# Annexe 6: Les différentes sources bibliographiques mobilisées en fonction des types d'organismes à identifier

Méiofaune dont les tailles étaient supérieures à 500 µm comme les **oligochètes**, les larves de **chironomes**, les **plathelminthes**, les **crustacés**, les **nématodes** et les **petits gastéropodes**

Clés de détermination des invertébrés d'eau douce (Tachet et al. 2010) : Tachet, H., P. Richoux, M. Bournaud & P. Usseglio Polatera, 2010. Invertébrés d'eau douce : systématique, biologie, écologie. CNRS Editions, Paris.

## Les **rotifères**, méiofaune plus petites (70 à 300µm)

Base de données internet « Rotifer World Catalog », (http://rotifera.hausdernatur.at/, 2023)

Ricci, C., Melone, G., 2000. Key to the identification of the genera of Bdelloid Rotifers. Hydrobiologia 418, 73-80. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1003840216827

## Les **amibes** de diverses sortes et groupe d'unicellulaires. Les amibes dites «nues», les amibes à thèques appelées «thécamébiens» et les amibes centriques entourées d'axopodes «les héliozoaires» :

Les clés de détermination de la base de donnée internet « Arcella Microworld » (https://www.arcella.nl/, 2023)

## Les **ciliés**

La collection complète des livres de taxonomie de Wilhelm Foissner : sa clé de détermination (Foissner 1996) et les volumes auxquels elle renvoie (Foissner et al. 1991; 1992; 1993; 1994; 1995).

- Foissner, W., 1993. Colpodea (Ciliophora).798.

- Foissner, W., 1996. A user-friendly guide to the ciliate (Protozoa, Ciliophora) commonly used by hydrobiologists as bioindicators in rivers, lakes, and waste waters, with notes on their ecology. Freshwater Biology 35:375-482.

- Foissner, W., H. Berger, H. Blatterer & F. Kohmann, 1995. Taxonomische und ökologische revision der ciliaten des saprobiensystems : band IV. Gymnostomatea, Loxodes, Suctoria. Bayerisches Landesamt für Wasserwirtschaft, Munchen, DEU.

- Foissner, W., H. Berger & F. Kohmann, 1992. Taxonomische und ökologische Revision der Ciliaten des Saprobiensystems. Band II: Peritrichia, Heterotrichida, Odontostomatida, vol 5/92. Informationsberichte des Bayerischen Landesamtes für Wasserwirtschaft.

- Foissner, W., H. Berger & F. Kohmann, 1994. Taxonomische und ökologische revision der ciliaten des saprobiensystems : band III. Hymenostomata, Prostomatida, Nassulida. Bayerisches Landesamt für Wasserwirtschaft, Munchen, DEU.

- Foissner, W., H. Blatterer, H. Berger & F. Kohmann, 1991. Taxonomische und ökologische Revision der Ciliaten des Saprobiensystems. Band I: Cyrtophorida, Oligotrichida, Hypotrichia, Colpodea, vol 1/91. Informationsberichte des Bayerischen Landesamtes für Wasserwirtschaft.

## Les **zooflagellés** :

Le guide des flagellés hétérotrophe (Jeuck and Arndt, 2013) : Jeuck, A., Arndt, H., 2013. A Short Guide to Common Heterotrophic Flagellates of Freshwater Habitats Based on the Morphology of Living Organisms. Protist 164, 842-860. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.protis.2013.08.003
# Annexe 7: La cellule de nageotte

## Cellule de Nageotte

### Mode d'utilisation

#### Caractéristiques de la cellule de Nageotte

Quadrillage total constitué de 40 bandes

Les dimensions d'une bande :

L : 10 mm 1 : 0,25 mm H : 0,50 mm

Chaque bande a un volume de 1,25 µl

<figure><img src="image_22.png" /><figcaption>Quadrillage de la cellule de Nageotte</figcaption></figure>
# Annexe 7: La cellule de nageotte

## Cellule de Nageotte

### Mode d'utilisation

#### Caractéristiques de la cellule de Nageotte

Quadrillage total constitué de 40 bandes

Les dimensions d'une bande :

L : 10 mm 1 : 0,25 mm H : 0,50 mm

Chaque bande a un volume de 1,25 µl

<figure><img src="image_23.png" /><figcaption>Quadrillage de la cellule de Nageotte</figcaption></figure>
# Annexe 8 : Les calculs de la densité de la micro-meiofaune

## Le calcul du nombre d'éléments

Soit :

V le volume de comptage (V = 5 µl si on a compté les éléments dans 4 bandes)

n le nombre d'éléments (individus de la micro-meiofaune) contenus dans ce volume V

d la dilution du liquide introduit dans la cellule

Le nombre N d'éléments par µl de liquide se calcule de la façon suivante :

$$N = (n / V) \times d$$

## Le calcul de la densité de la micro-meiofaune

Soit :

S la superficie grattée de la lame en cm²

v le volume de remise en suspension en µL

N le nombre d'éléments par µl

Le nombre M d'individus par cm² se calcule de la façon suivante :

$$M = (v / S) \times N$$
# Annexe 8 : Les calculs de la densité de la micro-meiofaune

## Le calcul du nombre d'éléments

Soit :

V le volume de comptage (V = 5 µl si on a compté les éléments dans 4 bandes)

n le nombre d'éléments (individus de la micro-meiofaune) contenus dans ce volume V

d la dilution du liquide introduit dans la cellule

Le nombre N d'éléments par µl de liquide se calcule de la façon suivante :

$$N = (n / V) \times d$$

## Le calcul de la densité de la micro-meiofaune

Soit :

S la superficie grattée de la lame en cm²

v le volume de remise en suspension en µL

N le nombre d'éléments par µl

Le nombre M d'individus par cm² se calcule de la façon suivante :

$$M = (v / S) \times N$$
Annexe 9: Les différents tests appliqués aux données de ces études

<figure><img src="image_23.png" /><figcaption>Figure 20: Logigramme récapitulatif des différents tests appliqués aux données de ce projet de stage</figcaption></figure>

logiciel R (version 2022.12.0)
Annexe 9: Les différents tests appliqués aux données de ces études

<figure><img src="image_24.png" /><figcaption>Figure 20: Logigramme récapitulatif des différents tests appliqués aux données de ce projet de stage</figcaption></figure>

logiciel R (version 2022.12.0)
Annexe 10 : Composition taxonomique de la micro-meiofaune dans l'expérience in-situ

<table><thead><tr><th>Echantillon</th><th>Replica</th><th>Temps</th><th>Crustaces</th><th>Gastrotriches</th><th>Nematodes</th><th>Oligochetes</th><th>Plathelminte</th><th>Rotiferes</th><th>Amoebiens</th><th>Ciliès</th><th>Heliozoaires</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>EG170227</td><td>1</td><td>0</td><td>5,4545456</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>38,1818182</td><td>81,8181818</td><td>463,636364</td><td>0</td></tr><tr><td>EG170227</td><td>2</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>109,090909</td><td>136,363636</td><td>927,272727</td><td>13,6363636</td></tr><tr><td>EG170227</td><td>3</td><td>0</td><td>13,6363636</td><td>0</td><td>13,6363636</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>218,181818</td><td>177,272727</td><td>640,909091</td><td>27,2727273</td></tr><tr><td>EG170509</td><td>1</td><td>0</td><td>27,2727273</td><td>13,6363636</td><td>0</td><td>27,2727273</td><td>0</td><td>777,272727</td><td>163,636364</td><td>1172,72727</td><td>1950</td></tr><tr><td>EG170509</td><td>2</td><td>0</td><td>13,6363636</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>13,6363636</td><td>13,6363636</td><td>777,272727</td><td>204,545455</td><td>600</td><td>2986,36364</td></tr><tr><td>EG170509</td><td>3</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>13,6363636</td><td>368,181818</td><td>259,090909</td><td>695,454546</td><td>1472,72727</td></tr><tr><td>EG180625</td><td>1</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>4,54545455</td><td>0</td><td>18,1818182</td><td>0</td></tr><tr><td>EG180625</td><td>2</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>13,6363636</td><td>0</td></tr><tr><td>EG180625</td><td>3</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>50</td><td>0</td></tr><tr><td>EG181203</td><td>1</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>6,81818182</td><td>6,81818182</td><td>72,7272727</td><td>0</td></tr><tr><td>EG181203</td><td>2</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>75</td><td>0</td></tr><tr><td>EG181203</td><td>3</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>93,1818182</td><td>0</td></tr><tr><td>EG230103</td><td>1</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td></tr><tr><td>EG230103</td><td>2</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td></tr><tr><td>EG230103</td><td>3</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td></tr><tr><td>EG230206</td><td>1</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>3,09310238</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td></tr><tr><td>EG230206</td><td>2</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>12,3724095</td><td>6,18620476</td><td>0</td></tr><tr><td>EG230206</td><td>3</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>3,09310238</td><td>18,5586143</td><td>12,3724095</td><td>3,09310238</td></tr><tr><td>EG230313</td><td>1</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>3,09310238</td><td>0</td><td>21,6517167</td><td>0</td></tr><tr><td>EG230313</td><td>2</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>3,09310238</td><td>6,18620476</td><td>3,09310238</td></tr><tr><td>EG230313</td><td>3</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>9,27930715</td><td>0</td></tr><tr><td>EG230417</td><td>1</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>27,8379214</td><td>30,9310238</td></tr><tr><td>EG230417</td><td>2</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>43,3034333</td><td>3,09310238</td></tr><tr><td>EG230417</td><td>3</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>61,8620476</td><td>9,27930715</td></tr><tr><td>EG230417</td><td>4</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>2,38367658</td><td>30,9310238</td></tr><tr><td>EG230515</td><td>1</td><td>0</td><td>0,0119</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>35,7551487</td></tr><tr><td>EG230515</td><td>2</td><td>0</td><td>0,0119</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>2,38367658</td></tr><tr><td>EG230515</td><td>3</td><td>0</td><td>0,0119</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>28,604119</td></tr></tbody></table>
<caption>Tableau 9: Abondance de la micro-meiofaune par ensemble taxonomique, échantillon et réplicat de l'expérience in-situ.</caption>

Annexe 10 : Composition taxonomique de la micro-meiofaune dans l'expérience in-situ

<table><thead><tr><th>Echantillon</th><th>Replica</th><th>Temps</th><th>Crustaces</th><th>Gastrotriches</th><th>Nematodes</th><th>Oligochetes</th><th>Plathelminte</th><th>Rotiferes</th><th>Amoebiens</th><th>Ciliès</th><th>Heliozoaires</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>EG170227</td><td>1</td><td>0</td><td>5,4545456</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>38,1818182</td><td>81,8181818</td><td>463,636364</td><td>0</td></tr><tr><td>EG170227</td><td>2</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>109,090909</td><td>136,363636</td><td>927,27277</td><td>13,6363636</td></tr><tr><td>EG170227</td><td>3</td><td>0</td><td>13,6363636</td><td>0</td><td>13,6363636</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>218,181818</td><td>177,272727</td><td>640,909091</td><td>27,2727273</td></tr><tr><td>EG170509</td><td>1</td><td>0</td><td>27,2727273</td><td>13,6363636</td><td>0</td><td>27,2727273</td><td>0</td><td>777,272727</td><td>163,636364</td><td>1172,72727</td><td>1950</td></tr><tr><td>EG170509</td><td>2</td><td>0</td><td>13,6363636</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>13,6363636</td><td>13,6363636</td><td>777,272727</td><td>204,545455</td><td>600</td><td>2986,36364</td></tr><tr><td>EG170509</td><td>3</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>13,6363636</td><td>368,181818</td><td>259,090909</td><td>695,454546</td><td>1472,72727</td></tr><tr><td>EG180625</td><td>1</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>4,54545455</td><td>0</td><td>18,1818182</td><td>0</td></tr><tr><td>EG180625</td><td>2</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>13,6363636</td><td>0</td></tr><tr><td>EG180625</td><td>3</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>50</td><td>0</td></tr><tr><td>EG181203</td><td>1</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>6,81818182</td><td>6,81818182</td><td>72,727277</td><td>0</td></tr><tr><td>EG181203</td><td>2</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>75</td><td>0</td></tr><tr><td>EG181203</td><td>3</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>93,1818182</td><td>0</td></tr><tr><td>EG230103</td><td>1</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td></tr><tr><td>EG230103</td><td>2</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td></tr><tr><td>EG230103</td><td>3</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td></tr><tr><td>EG230206</td><td>1</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>3,09310238</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td></tr><tr><td>EG230206</td><td>2</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>12,3724095</td><td>6,18620476</td><td>0</td></tr><tr><td>EG230206</td><td>3</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>3,09310238</td><td>18,5586143</td><td>12,3724095</td><td>3,09310238</td></tr><tr><td>EG230313</td><td>1</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>3,09310238</td><td>0</td><td>21,6517167</td><td>0</td></tr><tr><td>EG230313</td><td>2</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>3,09310238</td><td>6,18620476</td><td>3,09310238</td></tr><tr><td>EG230313</td><td>3</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>9,27930715</td><td>0</td></tr><tr><td>EG230417</td><td>1</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>27,8379214</td><td>30,9310238</td><td>77,3275595</td></tr><tr><td>EG230417</td><td>2</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>43,3034333</td><td>3,09310238</td><td>18,5586143</td></tr><tr><td>EG230417</td><td>3</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>61,8620476</td><td>9,27930715</td><td>30,9310238</td></tr><tr><td>EG230515</td><td>1</td><td>0</td><td>0,0119</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>2,38367658</td><td>0</td></tr><tr><td>EG230515</td><td>2</td><td>0</td><td>0,0119</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>35,7551487</td><td>2,38367658</td></tr><tr><td>EG230515</td><td>3</td><td>0</td><td>0,0119</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>28,604119</td><td>0</td></tr></tbody></table>
<table><caption>Annexe 11: Composition taxonomique de la micro-meiofaune dans l'expérience des canaux</caption><thead><tr><th>Echantillon</th><th>Replicat</th><th>Temps</th><th>Crustaces</th><th>Gastrotriche</th><th>Nematodes</th><th>Oligochetes</th><th>Plathelminte</th><th>Rotiferes</th><th>Amoebiens</th><th>Ciliès</th><th>Heliozoaires</th><th>Zooflagelles</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>CTMA23041</td><td>1</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>6,32591093</td><td>1,26518219</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>127,783401</td><td>0</td><td>67,0546559</td><td>409,919028</td></tr><tr><td>CTMA23041</td><td>2</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>7,59109312</td><td>3,79554656</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>121,45749</td><td>0</td><td>63,2591093</td><td>463,05668</td></tr><tr><td>CTMA23041</td><td>3</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>8,8562753</td><td>1,26518219</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>146,761134</td><td>0</td><td>63,2591093</td><td>445,34413</td></tr><tr><td>DASTMA230</td><td>1</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>6,32591093</td><td>1,26518219</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>127,783401</td><td>0</td><td>67,0546559</td><td>409,919028</td></tr><tr><td>DASTMA230</td><td>2</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>7,59109312</td><td>3,79554656</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>121,45749</td><td>0</td><td>63,2591093</td><td>463,05668</td></tr><tr><td>DASTMA230</td><td>3</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>8,8562753</td><td>1,26518219</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>146,761134</td><td>0</td><td>63,2591093</td><td>445,34413</td></tr><tr><td>FNXMA2304</td><td>1</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>6,32591093</td><td>1,26518219</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>127,783401</td><td>0</td><td>67,0546559</td><td>409,919028</td></tr><tr><td>FNXMA2304</td><td>2</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>7,59109312</td><td>3,79554656</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>121,45749</td><td>0</td><td>63,2591093</td><td>463,05668</td></tr><tr><td>FNXMA2304</td><td>3</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>8,8562753</td><td>1,26518219</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>146,761134</td><td>0</td><td>63,2591093</td><td>445,34413</td></tr><tr><td>CTMA23041</td><td>1</td><td>1</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>11,3866397</td><td>5,06072875</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>485,82996</td><td>2,53036437</td><td>280,870445</td><td>678,137652</td></tr><tr><td>CTMA23041</td><td>2</td><td>1</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>22,7732794</td><td>10,1214575</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>556,680162</td><td>5,06072875</td><td>308,704453</td><td>625</td></tr><tr><td>DASMA2304</td><td>1</td><td>1</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>8,8562753</td><td>11,3866397</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>422,57085</td><td>1,26518219</td><td>404,8583</td><td>670,546559</td></tr><tr><td>DASMA2304</td><td>2</td><td>1</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>15,1821862</td><td>7,59109312</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>455,465587</td><td>0</td><td>322,621458</td><td>432,692308</td></tr><tr><td>FNXMA2304</td><td>1</td><td>1</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>13,9170041</td><td>3,79554656</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>480,769231</td><td>0</td><td>285,931174</td><td>544,02834</td></tr><tr><td>FNXMA2304</td><td>2</td><td>1</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>16,4473684</td><td>1,26518219</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>460,526316</td><td>0</td><td>232,793522</td><td>421,305668</td></tr><tr><td>CTMA23041</td><td>1</td><td>14</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>40,48583</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>1,4459225</td><td>0</td><td>5,78368999</td><td>78,0798149</td><td>474,26258</td></tr><tr><td>CTMA23041</td><td>2</td><td>14</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>54,945055</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>1,4459225</td><td>2,891845</td><td>1,4459225</td><td>75,1879699</td><td>413,533835</td></tr><tr><td>DASTMA230</td><td>1</td><td>14</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>36,1480625</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>4,3377675</td><td>26,026605</td><td>425,101215</td></tr><tr><td>DASTMA230</td><td>2</td><td>14</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>43,377675</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>2,891845</td><td>0</td><td>5,78368999</td><td>31,810295</td><td>419,317525</td></tr><tr><td>FNXMA2304</td><td>1</td><td>14</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>27,4725275</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>4,3377675</td><td>0</td><td>49,161365</td><td>341,23771</td></tr><tr><td>FNXMA2304</td><td>2</td><td>14</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>17,35107</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>2,891845</td><td>0</td><td>1,4459225</td><td>78,0798149</td><td>294,96819</td></tr><tr><td>CTMA23041</td><td>1</td><td>28</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>10,1214575</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>14,459225</td><td>5,78368999</td><td>127,24118</td></tr><tr><td>CTMA23041</td><td>2</td><td>28</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>8,67553499</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>17,35107</td><td>2,891845</td><td>80,9716599</td></tr><tr><td>DASTMA230</td><td>1</td><td>28</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>5,78368999</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>2,891845</td><td>0</td><td>8,67553499</td><td>11,56738</td><td>31,810295</td></tr><tr><td>DASTMA230</td><td>2</td><td>28</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>1,4459225</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>5,78368999</td><td>8,67553499</td><td>34,70214</td></tr><tr><td>FNXMA2304</td><td>1</td><td>28</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>41,9317525</td><td>0</td><td>23,13476</td></tr><tr><td>FNXMA2304</td><td>2</td><td>28</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>2,891845</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>40,48583</td><td>5,78368999</td><td>8,67553499</td></tr></tbody></table>

<caption>Tableau 10: Abondance de la micro-meiofaune par ensemble taxonomique, echantillon et réplicat de l'expérience en canaux.</caption>
<table><caption>Annexe 11: Composition taxonomique de la micro-meiofaune dans l'expérience des canaux</caption><thead><tr><th>Echantillon</th><th>Replicat</th><th>Temps</th><th>Crustaces</th><th>Gastrotriche</th><th>Nematodes</th><th>Oligochetes</th><th>Plathelminte</th><th>Rotiferes</th><th>Amoebiens</th><th>Ciliès</th><th>Heliozoaires</th><th>Zooflagelles</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>CTMA23041</td><td>1</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>6,32591093</td><td>1,26518219</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>127,783401</td><td>0</td><td>67,0546559</td><td>409,919028</td></tr><tr><td>CTMA23041</td><td>2</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>7,59109312</td><td>3,79554656</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>121,45749</td><td>0</td><td>63,2591093</td><td>463,05668</td></tr><tr><td>CTMA23041</td><td>3</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>8,8562753</td><td>1,26518219</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>146,761134</td><td>0</td><td>63,2591093</td><td>445,34413</td></tr><tr><td>DASTMA230</td><td>1</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>6,32591093</td><td>1,26518219</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>127,783401</td><td>0</td><td>67,0546559</td><td>409,919028</td></tr><tr><td>DASTMA230</td><td>2</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>7,59109312</td><td>3,79554656</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>121,45749</td><td>0</td><td>63,2591093</td><td>463,05668</td></tr><tr><td>DASTMA230</td><td>3</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>8,8562753</td><td>1,26518219</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>146,761134</td><td>0</td><td>63,2591093</td><td>445,34413</td></tr><tr><td>FNXMA2304</td><td>1</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>6,32591093</td><td>1,26518219</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>127,783401</td><td>0</td><td>67,0546559</td><td>409,919028</td></tr><tr><td>FNXMA2304</td><td>2</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>7,59109312</td><td>3,79554656</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>121,45749</td><td>0</td><td>63,2591093</td><td>463,05668</td></tr><tr><td>FNXMA2304</td><td>3</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>8,8562753</td><td>1,26518219</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>146,761134</td><td>0</td><td>63,2591093</td><td>445,34413</td></tr><tr><td>CTMA23041</td><td>1</td><td>1</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>11,3866397</td><td>5,06072875</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>485,82996</td><td>2,53036437</td><td>280,870445</td><td>678,137652</td></tr><tr><td>CTMA23041</td><td>2</td><td>1</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>22,7732794</td><td>10,1214575</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>556,680162</td><td>5,06072875</td><td>308,704453</td><td>625</td></tr><tr><td>DASMA2304</td><td>1</td><td>1</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>8,8562753</td><td>11,3866397</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>422,57085</td><td>1,26518219</td><td>404,8583</td><td>670,546559</td></tr><tr><td>DASMA2304</td><td>2</td><td>1</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>15,1821862</td><td>7,59109312</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>455,465587</td><td>0</td><td>322,621458</td><td>432,692308</td></tr><tr><td>FNXMA2304</td><td>1</td><td>1</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>13,9170041</td><td>3,79554656</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>480,769231</td><td>0</td><td>285,931174</td><td>544,02834</td></tr><tr><td>FNXMA2304</td><td>2</td><td>1</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>16,4473684</td><td>1,26518219</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>460,526316</td><td>0</td><td>232,793522</td><td>421,305668</td></tr><tr><td>CTMA23041</td><td>1</td><td>14</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>40,48583</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>1,4459225</td><td>0</td><td>5,78368999</td><td>78,0798149</td><td>474,26258</td></tr><tr><td>CTMA23041</td><td>2</td><td>14</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>54,945055</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>1,4459225</td><td>2,891845</td><td>1,4459225</td><td>75,1879699</td><td>413,533835</td></tr><tr><td>DASTMA230</td><td>1</td><td>14</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>36,1480625</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>4,3377675</td><td>26,026605</td><td>425,101215</td></tr><tr><td>DASTMA230</td><td>2</td><td>14</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>43,377675</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>2,891845</td><td>0</td><td>5,78368999</td><td>31,810295</td><td>419,317525</td></tr><tr><td>FNXMA2304</td><td>1</td><td>14</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>27,4725275</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>4,3377675</td><td>0</td><td>49,161365</td><td>341,23771</td></tr><tr><td>FNXMA2304</td><td>2</td><td>14</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>17,35107</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>2,891845</td><td>0</td><td>1,4459225</td><td>78,0798149</td><td>294,96819</td></tr><tr><td>CTMA23041</td><td>1</td><td>28</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>10,1214575</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>14,459225</td><td>5,78368999</td><td>127,24118</td></tr><tr><td>CTMA23041</td><td>2</td><td>28</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>8,67553499</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>17,35107</td><td>2,891845</td><td>80,9716599</td></tr><tr><td>DASTMA230</td><td>1</td><td>28</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>5,78368999</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>2,891845</td><td>0</td><td>8,67553499</td><td>11,56738</td><td>31,810295</td></tr><tr><td>DASTMA230</td><td>2</td><td>28</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>1,4459225</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>5,78368999</td><td>8,67553499</td><td>34,70214</td></tr><tr><td>FNXMA2304</td><td>1</td><td>28</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>41,9317525</td><td>0</td><td>23,13476</td></tr><tr><td>FNXMA2304</td><td>2</td><td>28</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>2,891845</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>40,48583</td><td>5,78368999</td><td>8,67553499</td></tr></tbody></table>

<caption>Tableau 10: Abondance de la micro-meiofaune par ensemble taxonomique, echantillon et réplicat de l'expérience en canaux.</caption>