CPD questionnaires must be completed online via www.cpdjournals.org.za. After submission you can check the answers and print your certificate. Questions may be answered up to 6 months after publication of each issue.

1. True (A) or false (B) – click on the correct answer:
Only 20% of the schoolboys in Johannesburg who were surveyed believed that the use of ‘performance-enhancing substances’ was increasing among their peers.

2. True (A) or false (B) – click on the correct answer:
According to a survey of schoolboys, most of the information about performance-enhancing substances is obtained from the internet.

3. True (A) or false (B) – click on the correct answer:
The South African Institute for Drug-Free Sport (SAIDS) is one of the many signatories that complies with the prohibited list of substances of the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA).

4. True (A) or false (B) – click on the correct answer:
‘The pressure to perform in sport’ was the reason given by schoolboys when they were asked why they used performance-enhancing substances.

5. True (A) or false (B) – click on the correct answer:
The Commonwealth Games will be held in Delhi (India) in 2010.

6. True (A) or false (B) – click on the correct answer:
According to a forecasting study, South Africa will get up to 5 gold medals and 62 medals in total at the 2010 Commonwealth Games.

7. True (A) or false (B) – click on the correct answer:
Athletics and swimming accounted for 50% of all medals won by South Africa in the Commonwealth Games in Melbourne 2006.

8. True (A) or false (B) – click on the correct answer:
The magnitude of confidence intervals around calculated injury rates will be artificially narrow if recurrent injuries are not considered in the analysis.

9. True (A) or false (B) – click on the correct answer:
Genetic factors have been identified as intrinsic risk factors in chronic Achilles tendinopathy.

10. True (A) or false (B) – click on the correct answer:
Studies investigating the interaction between genetic variables and injury do not need to consider age in their research design.

11. True (A) or false (B) – click on the correct answer:
Sternal stress fractures are common injuries in young gymnasts.

12. True (A) or false (B) – click on the correct answer:
Forty-five per cent of all stress fractures in gymnasts involve the pars interarticularis, because of considerable stress on the lower back as a result of repetitive flexion, hyperextension, rotation and compressive loading of the spine on landings.

13. True (A) or false (B) – click on the correct answer:
The majority of stress fractures in gymnasts occur during competition, rather than during practice.

14. True (A) or false (B) – click on the correct answer:
In order to incur health benefits, it is more important to be lean rather than be physically fit.

15. True (A) or false (B) – click on the correct answer:
Individuals engaging in a standardised, supervised exercise programme have been shown to have very similar adaptive responses.

16. True (A) or false (B) – click on the correct answer:
‘Non-responders’ to a 12-week aerobic training programme experienced a statistically significant mean reduction in body weight from week 0 to week 12.

17. True (A) or false (B) – click on the correct answer:
Exercise-induced improvements in blood pressure have been shown to be least effective in individuals classified as hypertensive at baseline.

18. True (A) or false (B) – click on the correct answer:
Some individuals may be resistant to exercise-induced weight loss because of strong physiological compensatory processes.

19. True (A) or false (B) – click on the correct answer:
Waist circumference has been shown to be a better marker of response to exercise than BMI.

20. True (A) or false (B) – click on the correct answer:
The physiological and psychological benefits of exercise are dependent on weight loss.

## INSTRUCTIONS

1. Read the journal. All the answers will be found there.

2. Go to www.cpdjournals.org.za to answer questions.

Accreditation number: MDB001/009/01/2010(Journal)