# Discharge properties of macroscopic glass capillaries after irradiation by low intensity low energy single charged Ar ions

Eric Giglio, R. Dubois, K. Tőkési

► To cite this version:

Eric Giglio, R. Dubois, K. Tőkési. Discharge properties of macroscopic glass capillaries after irradiation by low intensity low energy single charged Ar ions. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 2015, XXIX International Conference on Photonic, Electronic, and Atomic Collisions (ICPEAC2015) 22–28 July 2015, Toledo, Spain, 635 (4), pp.042010. 10.1088/1742-6596/635/4/042010. hal-02394135

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# Discharge properties of macroscopic glass capillaries after irradiation by low intensity low energy single charged Ar ions

To cite this article: E Giglio et al 2015 *J. Phys.: Conf. Ser.* **635** 042010

View the [article online](#) for updates and enhancements.

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PAPER • OPEN ACCESS

# Discharge properties of macroscopic glass capillaries after irradiation by low intensity low energy single charged Ar ions

To cite this article: E Giglio et al 2015 *J. Phys.: Conf. Ser.* **635** 042010

View the [article online](#) for updates and enhancements.

You may also like

- Research and Application of BIM Cloud Monitoring System for Open Caisson Construction of Super Large Bridge
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Yi ji, L Ren, R Li et al.

- Feedback control of monotonic shocks
A V Porubov, R S Bondarenkov, D Bouche et al.

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The
Electrochemical
Society

Advancing solid state &
electrochemical science & technology

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how sustainability
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electrochemistry & solid
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# Discharge properties of macroscopic glass capillaries after irradiation by low intensity low energy single charged Ar ions

E. Giglio¹, R. D. DuBois², and K. Tőkési³

¹Centre de Recherche sur les Ions, les Matériaux et la Photonique (CIMAP), F-14000, Caen, France, EU

²Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla MO 65409 USA

³Institute for Nuclear Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences (ATOMKI), Hungary, EU

**Synopsis** The discharge properties of a macroscopic cylindrically shaped glass capillary, initially charged by a 1 keV Ar⁺ beam tilted by 5° with respect to the capillary axis is studied. Our experimental observations were compared to our Monte Carlo simulation, highlighting the importance of the surface conductivity.

While the guiding of ions through glass-capillaries due to charged patches is qualitatively understood, the complex nature of the electric conduction in such insulators makes quantitative predictions still a challenging task. Indeed, for a given ion beam, the guiding is entirely determined by the discharge dynamics of the charge patches at the surface, which in turn depend (i) on the electrical properties of insulators under ion beam irradiation and (ii) on the position and nature of grounded electrodes. In order to get some insights into the discharge dynamics of formally created charged patches, a combined experimental and theoretical study was performed. Experimentally, guiding of 1 keV Ar⁺ ions through a macroscopic borosilicate glass capillary tilted by 5° with respect to the beam axis was studied. The capillary was inserted into an aluminum mount with the front surface covered with conductive paint. The current on the front surface and the transmitted current were measured, yielding absolute transmission rates. The aim was to measure the charging and discharging times for the capillary. This was done by centering the capillary on the entrance aperture and waiting until the transmitted intensity stabilized. Then the beam was blocked for varying times and the transmitted intensity was measured as a function of time. By plotting the ratio of the beam intensity immediately after the beam was re-injected with respect to the intensity just before the beam was blocked for the various blocking times, yields information about the capillary discharge time. This was done for several beam intensities ranging from 0.15 to 16 pA. Using a home-made numerical code [1], the same observables were simulated and compared

to the experimental data. The theoretical model, on which the simulations are based, includes a realistic descriptions of the surface and bulk conductivity of glass capillaries. It was found that the charge relaxation of the former created patches depends strongly on the mobility of the charge carriers, giving boundary values for the effective mobility of the charge carriers. The capillary being grounded only at the entrance, surface conduction is privileged, and the simulations predict a non-linear discharge of the patches of the type $Q(t)=Q_0/(1+t/\tau)$, with $\tau=10$s being the characteristic discharge time.

<figure><img src="image_4.png" /><figcaption>**Figure 1.** – Transmitted intensity as a function of the discharge time, normalized to the transmitted one, just before the beam was blocked, for a cylindrical capillary of 43 mm length, 0.575 mm inner diameter.</figcaption></figure>

This work was supported by the TéT Grant No. TéT_12_FR-1-013-0007, by the Hungarian Scientific Research Fund OTKA No.NN 103279 and by the COST Action CM1204 (XLIC)

**References:**

[1] E.Giglio, R.D. Dubois, A.Cassimi, K.Tőkési, NIMB B, doi:10.1016/j.nimb.2014.11.056

E-mail: giglio@ganil.fr

<figure><img src="image_5.png" /></figure>

Content from this work may be used under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 licence. Any further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the title of the work, journal citation and DOI.
# Discharge properties of macroscopic glass capillaries after irradiation by low intensity low energy single charged Ar ions

E. Giglio¹, R. D. DuBois², and K. Tőkési³

¹Centre de Recherche sur les Ions, les Matériaux et la Photonique (CIMAP), F-14000, Caen, France, EU

²Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla MO 65409 USA

³Institute for Nuclear Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences (ATOMKI), Hungary, EU

**Synopsis** The discharge properties of a macroscopic cylindrically shaped glass capillary, initially charged by a 1 keV Ar⁺ beam tilted by 5° with respect to the capillary axis is studied. Our experimental observations were compared to our Monte Carlo simulation, highlighting the importance of the surface conductivity.

While the guiding of ions through glass-capillaries due to charged patches is qualitatively understood, the complex nature of the electric conduction in such insulators makes quantitative predictions still a challenging task. Indeed, for a given ion beam, the guiding is entirely determined by the discharge dynamics of the charge patches at the surface, which in turn depend (i) on the electrical properties of insulators under ion beam irradiation and (ii) on the position and nature of grounded electrodes. In order to get some insights into the discharge dynamics of formally created charged patches, a combined experimental and theoretical study was performed. Experimentally, guiding of 1 keV Ar⁺ ions through a macroscopic borosilicate glass capillary tilted by 5° with respect to the beam axis was studied. The capillary was inserted into an aluminum mount with the front surface covered with conductive paint. The current on the front surface and the transmitted current were measured, yielding absolute transmission rates. The aim was to measure the charging and discharging times for the capillary. This was done by centering the capillary on the entrance aperture and waiting until the transmitted intensity stabilized. Then the beam was blocked for varying times and the transmitted intensity was measured as a function of time. By plotting the ratio of the beam intensity immediately after the beam was re-injected with respect to the intensity just before the beam was blocked for the various blocking times, yields information about the capillary discharge time. This was done for several beam intensities ranging from 0.15 to 16 pA. Using a home-made numerical code [1], the same observables were simulated and compared

to the experimental data. The theoretical model, on which the simulations are based, includes a realistic descriptions of the surface and bulk conductivity of glass capillaries. It was found that the charge relaxation of the former created patches depends strongly on the mobility of the charge carriers, giving boundary values for the effective mobility of the charge carriers. The capillary being grounded only at the entrance, surface conduction is privileged, and the simulations predict a non-linear discharge of the patches of the type $Q(t)=Q_0/(1+t/\tau)$, with $\tau=10$s being the characteristic discharge time.

<figure><img src="image_5.png" /><figcaption>**Figure 1.** – Transmitted intensity as a function of the discharge time, normalized to the transmitted one, just before the beam was blocked, for a cylindrical capillary of 43 mm length, 0.575 mm inner diameter.</figcaption></figure>

This work was supported by the TéT Grant No. TéT_12_FR-1-013-0007, by the Hungarian Scientific Research Fund OTKA No.NN 103279 and by the COST Action CM1204 (XLIC)

**References:**

[1] E.Giglio, R.D. Dubois, A.Cassimi, K.Tőkési, NIMB B, doi:10.1016/j.nimb.2014.11.056

E-mail: giglio@ganil.fr

<figure><img src="image_6.png" /></figure>

Content from this work may be used under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 licence. Any further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the title of the work, journal citation and DOI.