[21] Zerrouki, Fahem, **Ouchani, Samir**, and H. Bouarfa, "A generation and recovery framework for silicon pufs based cryptographic key," in *International Conference on Model and Data Engineering*, pp. 121-137, Springer, 2021.

[22] F. Zerrouki, **S. Ouchani**, and H. Bouarfa, "Quantifying security and performance of physical unclonable functions," in *2020 7th International Conference on Internet of Things: Systems, Management and Security (IOTSMS)*, pp. 1-4, 2020.

[23] Zerrouki, Fahem, **Ouchani, Samir**, and H. Bouarfa, "A low-cost authentication protocol using arbiter-puf," in *International Conference on Model and Data Engineering*, pp. 101-116, Springer, 2021.

[24] B. Kim, S. Yoon, Y. Kang, and D. Choi, "Puf based iot device authentication scheme," in *2019 International Conference on Information and Communication Technology Convergence (ICTC)*, pp. 1460-1462, IEEE, 2019.

[25] R. Genser, "Critical infrastructure," in *Improving Stability in Developing Nations through Automation 2006* (P. Kopacek, ed.), *IPV-IFAC Proceedings Volume*, pp. 49-53, Oxford: Elsevier, 2006.

[26] Abdelhakim, Baouya, O. A. Mohamed, **Samir, Ouchani**, and D. Bennouar, "Reliability-driven automotive software deployment based on a parametrizable probabilistic model checking," *Expert Systems with Applications*, p. 114572, 2021.

[27] J. Carlson, J. Håkansson, and P. Pettersson, "Saveccm: An analysable component model for real-time systems," *Electronic Notes in Theoretical Computer Science*, vol. 160, pp. 127-140, 2006. Proceedings of the International Workshop on Formal Aspects of Component Software (FACS 2005) Proceedings of the International Workshop on Formal Aspects of Component Software (FACS 2005).

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[29] G. Heiner and T. Thurner, "Time-triggered architecture for safety-related distributed real-time systems in transportation systems," in *Digest of Papers: FTCS-28, The Twenty-Eighth Annual International Symposium on Fault-Tolerant Computing, Munich, Germany, June 23-25, 1998*, pp. 402-407, 1998.

[30] Abdelhakim, Baouya, "Bip model of aatc system with availabilities," 2021. https://github.com/hakimuga/TrainTransportSystem/blob/main/AATCwithAvailabilities.

[31] **Ouchani, Samir**, "Towards a fractionation-based verification: application on sysml activity diagrams," in *Proceedings of the 34th ACM/SIGAPP Symposium on Applied Computing*, pp. 2032-2039, 2019.
[32] **Ouchani, Samir**, "Towards a call behavior-based compositional verification framework for sysml activity diagrams," in *International Colloquium on Theoretical Aspects of Computing*, pp. 216–234, Springer, Cham, 2019.

[33] **Ouchani, Samir**, O. A. Mohamed, and M. Debbabi, "Efficient probabilistic abstraction for sysml activity diagrams," in *International Conference on Software Engineering and Formal Methods*, pp. 263–277, Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012.

[34] **Baouya, Abdelhakim**, D. Bennouar, O. A. Mohamed, and **Ouchani, Samir**, "A quantitative verification framework of sysml activity diagrams under time constraints," *Expert Systems with Applications*, vol. 42, no. 21, pp. 7493–7510, 2015.

[35] K. Lounis and **Ouchani, Samir**, "Modeling Attack-Defense Trees Countermeasures using Continuous Time Markov Chains," in *Automated and verifiable Software System Development (ASYDE), Software Engineering and Formal Methods (SEFM)*, LNCS Springer, 2020.

[36] **Dahmane, Walid Miloud**, **Ouchani, Samir**, and H. Bouarfa, "A smart living framework: Towards analyzing security in smart rooms," in *International Conference on Model and Data Engineering*, pp. 206–215, LNCS Springer, 2019.

[37] Y. Ashibani and Q. H. Mahmoud, "Cyber physical systems security: Analysis, challenges and solutions," *Computers & Security*, vol. 68, pp. 81–97, 2017.

[38] **Ouchani, Samir**, O. A. Mohamed, and M. Debbabi, "A security risk assessment framework for sysml activity diagrams," in *2013 IEEE 7th International Conference on Software Security and Reliability (SERE)*, pp. 227–236, IEEE, 2013.

[39] A. Khaled, **Ouchani, Samir**, and C. Chohra, "Recommendations based on semantic analysis of social networks in learning environments," *Computers in Human Behavior*, vol. 101, p. 435–449, 2019.

[40] **Ouchani, Samir** and A. Khaled, "A meta language for cyber-physical systems and threats: Application on autonomous vehicle," in *16th International Conference on Computer Systems and Applications AICCSA*, p. 8, ACS/IEEE, 2019.

[41] J. Moody, N. Bailey, and J. Zhao, "Public perceptions of autonomous vehicle safety: An international comparison," *Safety Science*, vol. 121, pp. 634–650, 2020.

[42] J. Joy and M. Gerla, "Internet of vehicles and autonomous connected car - privacy and security issues," in *2017 26th International Conference on Computer Communication and Networks (ICCCN)*, pp. 1–9, July 2017.

[43] J. Cui, G. Sabaliauskaitė, L. S. Liew, F. Zhou, and B. Zhang, "Collaborative analysis framework of safety and security for autonomous vehicles," *IEEE Access*, vol. 7, pp. 148672–148683, 2019.
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[45] M. F. Ayub, F. Ghawash, M. A. Shabbir, M. Kamran, and F. A. Butt, "Next generation security and surveillance system using autonomous vehicles," in *2018 Ubiquitous Positioning, Indoor Navigation and Location-Based Services (UPINLBS)*, pp. 1-5, March 2018.

[46] **Samir Ouchani** and M. Krichen, "Ensuring the Correctness and Well Modeling of Intelligent Healthcare Management Systems," in *The Impact of Digital Technologies on Public Health in Developed and Developing Countries - 18th International Conference, (ICOST)*, pp. 364-372, LNCS, Springer, 2020.

[47] N. Dimeglio, S. Romano, A. Vesseron, V. Pelegrin, and **Ouchani, Samir**, "Covid-detect: A deep learning based approach to accelerate covid-19 detection," in *International Conference on Model and Data Engineering*, pp. 166-178, Springer, 2021.

[48] Walid Miloud Dahmane, M.-E.-A. Brahmia, J.-F. Dollinger, and **Samir Ouchani**, "A BIM-based framework for an Optimal WSN Deployment in Smart Building," in *The 29th International Conference on Network of the Future (NOF)*, IEEE, 2020.

[49] H. A. Le Thi, **Ouchani, Samir**, et al., "Gene selection for cancer classification using dca," in *International Conference on Advanced Data Mining and Applications*, pp. 62-72, Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2008.

[50] **Ouchani, Samir**, "Ensuring the functional correctness of IoT through formal modeling and verification," in *International Conference on Model and Data Engineering*, pp. 401-417, LNCS, Springer, 2018.

[51] L. Bellatreche, G. A. Chernishev, A. Corral, **Samir Ouchani**, and J. Vain, eds., *Advances in Model and Data Engineering in the Digitalization Era - MEDI 2021 International Workshops: DETECT, SIAS, CSMML, BIOC, HEDA, Tallinn, Estonia, June 21-23, 2021, Proceedings*, vol. 1481 of *Communications in Computer and Information Science*, Springer, 2021.

[52] **Samir Ouchani** and A. Khaled, "Security Assessment and Hardening of Autonomous Vehicles," in *The 15th International Conference on Risks and Security of Internet and Systems (CRISIS)*, LNCS Springer, 2020.
<figure><img src="image_32.png" /></figure>
**Résumé :** Les systèmes cyber-physiques intelligents (SCPS) sont des entités hétérogènes autonomes et interconnectées. Ils jouent un rôle central dans les infrastructures critiques. Ces systèmes sont devenus davantage dépendants des différentes technologies de communication embarquées. La pluralité de ces modules de communication augmente considérablement les possibilités d'attaques et rend les SCPS plus sensibles. En effet, ils peuvent engendrer de nouvelles catégories de vulnérabilités, ce qui pourrait entraîner des dommages importants. Mes travaux de recherche visent à développer des solutions garantissant les exigences fonctionnelles, la sécurité et la résilience des SCPS. Ma production scientifique s'appuie, entre autres, sur les méthodes formelles et les techniques de l'intelligence artificielle afin d'assurer la fiabilité de ces systèmes.

**Mots clés :** Sécurité, Fiabilité, Systèmes Cyber-Physiques, Fonctions physiques non clonables, Blockchain, Méthodes Formelles, Intélligence Artificielle.

**Abstract:** Smart Cyber-Physical Systems (SCPS) are heterogeneous inter-operable autonomous entities that play a crucial role in critical infrastructures. And as a result of supporting novel communication and remote control features, they became more dependent on connectivity, which increased attack surfaces and introduced errors that elevated the likelihood of SCPS errors. Additionally, they may cause new types of errors, faults, and vulnerabilities, leading to significant economic damage. In my ongoing and future research, I aim to develop scalable solutions that satisfy the systems' requirements, ensure security, and support resilience and synergy between the components of SCPS. My research activities involve the application of software engineering methodologies and artificial intelligence techniques to solve critical societal and industrial problems related to SCPS.

**Keywords:** Security, Reliability, Cyber-Physical System, Physical Unclonable Functions, Blockchains, Formal Methods, Artificial Intelligence.