# Surrealism, dreams and the unconscious

Anne-Céline Callens

► To cite this version:

Anne-Céline Callens. Surrealism, dreams and the unconscious. Feng Yuan (dir.). From Monet to Soulages: paths of Modern Western painting, Tsinghua University Art Museum, pp.74-75, 2017, 978-73-02-48733-3. hal-04619445

HAL Id: hal-04619445

https://hal.science/hal-04619445v1

Submitted on 25 Apr 2025

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1940 — 1950

超现实主义，梦境与无意识
SURREALISM, DREAMS AND THE UNCONSCIOUS
# 超现实主义，梦境与无意识

安-赛琳·卡伦

20 世纪 20 年代初期，文学和诗歌界的超现实主义运动探索了精神分析的新方法，它试图给人类和社会带来根本的变化。这是一场真正的革命，它专注于由西方的西格蒙德·弗洛伊德发现的“无意识”在人类思维中的重要性。超现实主义艺术家的作品在无意识现象中注入了新生命，阐释了心灵的真正功能。

安德烈·马松的作品无疑与安德烈·布雷东在1924年发表的《超现实主义宣言》中所倡导的“绝对无意识”最接近。在《狩猎麋鹿》中，简洁流畅的线条转变为一种越来越隐喻的形象，以探索无意识的现象。作为“梦境的探索者”，伊夫·唐吉通过某种绝对的视觉效果将梦境和幻象展现在画布上。他的《手与手套》让人们看到了“具体的非理性”的图像：一个不连续的风景，布满了光滑且坚硬的地质元素，外观呈生物形态，让人联想到一个石化的世界，其形状随着时间的推移被水和风所侵蚀。维克多·布罗纳的作品则因其造型的多样性和非凡的创造性脱颖而出。
# SURREALISM, DREAMS AND THE UNCONSCIOUS

Anne-Céline Callens

At the start of the 1920s, the literary and poetic Surrealism movement explored the new methods of investigating psychoanalysis. It sought to instigate a radical change in human beings and society. It was an authentic revolution focused on the importance of the unconscious, discovered by Sigmund Freud in the West, in the functioning of the human mind. The works of surrealist artists breathed new life into the unconscious phenomena that shed light on the true functioning of the mind.

André Masson's works undoubtedly come the closest to the absolute automatism called for by the poet André Breton in his *Surrealist Manifesto* in 1924. In *the Elk Hunt*, the concise and cursive lines were transformed into an increasingly allusive figuration to explore unconscious phenomena. Yves Tanguy is a "tracer of dreams": drawing on a technique that strives for an absolute trompe-l'œil effect, he captured the expression of dreams and hallucinations. *Hands and Gloves* features images of "concrete irrationality": a discontinued landscape, interspersed with smooth and hard elements, with a biomorphic appearance, evokes a fossilised world with shapes washed away by water, wind and polished over time. The works of Victor Brauner stand out through their variety of plastic resources and extraordinary creativity.