<figure><img src="image_64.png" /></figure>

**Paolo Barsocchi** received the M.Sc. and Ph.D. degrees in information engineering from the University of Pisa, Italy, in 2003 and 2007, respectively. He works as a Researcher with the Information Science and Technologies Institute, National Research Council. He has coauthored more than 100 articles published in international journals and conference proceedings. His research interests include wireless mobile systems and architectures, cyber-physical systems, indoor localization, and wireless sensor networks. He has been a member of numerous program committees and the program chair of several conferences. He is a part of the editorial board of international journals.

<figure><img src="image_65.png" /></figure>

**Wei Li** received the B.S. and M.S. degrees in surveying and mapping from the Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture in 2016. He is currently pursuing the Ph.D. degree in geodesy and survey engineering with Wuhan University, Wuhan, China. His research interests include indoor positioning and navigation, and sensor fusion.

<figure><img src="image_66.png" /></figure>

**Michele Girolami** received the Ph.D. degree from the Department of Computer Science, University of Pisa in 2015. He is a Researcher with the Information Science and Technology Institute, National Research Council (ISTI-CNR). He contributes to EU and national research projects and supports the organization of conferences and workshops. His research interests are focused on mobile crowdsensing, edge and pervasive computing, and ambient intelligence systems.

<figure><img src="image_67.png" /></figure>

**Yue Yu** received the B.S. and M.S. degrees from the Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications. He is currently pursuing the Ph.D. degree in geodesy and survey engineering with Wuhan University, Wuhan, China. His research interests include inertial positioning and navigation technology, indoor positioning, and navigation technology-based on chance signal, signal processing, and fusion technology.

<figure><img src="image_68.png" /></figure>

**Filippo Palumbo** received the M.Sc. (Hons.) degree in computer science engineering from the Polytechnic University of Bari, Italy, in 2010, and the Ph.D. degree in computer science from the University of Pisa, Italy, in 2016. He is with the Information Science and Technologies Institute, National Research Council. He has participated in several EU- and national-funded research actions in the areas of ambient intelligence. His research interests include the application of AI to wireless sensor networks for intelligent system design and software development in distributed systems.

<figure><img src="image_69.png" /></figure>

**Shihao Xu** received the B.S. degree in surveying and mapping engineering from the China University of Mining and Technology, Jiangsu, China, in 2019. He is currently pursuing the M.S. degree in geodesy and survey engineering with Wuhan University, Wuhan, China. His research interests include the development of location-based services, indoor positioning and navigation technology, and information fusion.

<figure><img src="image_70.png" /></figure>

**Ruizhi Chen** was an Endowed Chair Professor with Texas A&M University-Corpus Christi, USA, the Head and a Professor with the Department of Navigation and Positioning, Finnish Geodetic Institute, Finland, and the Engineering Manager of Nokia, Finland. He is currently a Professor and the Director of the State Key Laboratory of Information Engineering in Surveying, Mapping and Remote Sensing, Wuhan University. He has published two books and more than 200 scientific articles. His current research interests include indoor positioning, satellite navigation, and location-based services.

<figure><img src="image_71.png" /></figure>

**Lixiong Huang** received the B.S. degree in surveying and mapping engineering from the China University of Mining and Technology, Jiangsu, China, in 2019. He is currently pursuing the M.S. degree in geodesy and survey engineering with Wuhan University, Wuhan, China. His research interests include the development of location-based services, indoor positioning and navigation technology, and information fusion.

<figure><img src="image_72.png" /></figure>

**Tao Liu** received the B.S. degree in geographic information system and the M.S. degree in surveying and mapping from Liaoning Technical University, Fuxin, China, in 2015 and 2018, respectively. He is currently pursuing the Ph.D. degree with the GNSS Research Center, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China. His research interests focus on inertial navigation, multi-sensor fusion algorithm, IMU-based body sensor networks, pedestrian navigation, and indoor positioning.

<figure><img src="image_73.png" /></figure>

**Yuan Wu** received the B.S. degree in computer science and technology from Southwest University, China, in 2016, and the M.S. degree in computer application technology from the Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China, in 2019. He is currently pursuing the Ph.D. degree in geodesy and survey engineering with the State Key Laboratory of Information Engineering in Surveying, Mapping and Remote Sensing, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China. His research interests include indoor positioning and navigation, information fusion, and location-based services.

<figure><img src="image_74.png" /></figure>

**Jian Kuang** received the B.Eng. and Ph.D. degrees in geodesy and survey engineering from Wuhan University, Wuhan, China, in 2013 and 2019, respectively. He is currently a Postdoctoral Fellow with the GNSS Research Center, Wuhan University. His research interests focus on inertial navigation, pedestrian navigation, and indoor positioning.
<figure><img src="image_75.png" /></figure>

**Xiaoji Niu** received the B.Eng. (Hons.) degree in mechanical and electrical engineering and the Ph.D. degree from Tsinghua University, Beijing, China, in 1997 and 2002, respectively. From 2003 to 2007, he was a Postdoctoral Fellow with the Mobile Multi Sensor Systems (MMSS) Research Group, Department of Geomatics Engineering, University of Calgary. From 2007 to 2009, he was a Senior Scientist with SiRF Technology, Inc. He is a Professor with the GNSS Research Center, Collaborative Innovation Center of Geospatial Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China. His research interests focus on INS and GNSS/INS integration for land vehicle navigation and pedestrian navigation.

<figure><img src="image_76.png" /></figure>

**Yusuke Asai** received the B.E. degree in engineering from Nagoya University, Japan, in 2019, where he is currently pursuing the master's degree with the Graduate School of Engineering. His research interests focus on collaborative autonomous mobile robots in an indoor environment and infrastructural sensor cooperation with mobile robots.

<figure><img src="image_77.png" /></figure>

**Takuto Yoshida** received the B.E. degree in engineering from Nagoya University, Japan, in 2020, where he is currently pursuing the master's degree with the Graduate School of Engineering. His research interests include indoor positioning, human activity recognition, and machine intelligence.

<figure><img src="image_78.png" /></figure>

**Kenta Urano** (Graduate Student Member, IEEE) received the B.E., M.E., and Ph.D. degrees in engineering from Nagoya University, Japan, in 2016, 2018, and 2021, respectively. Since 2021, he has been an Assistant Professor with the Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University. His research interests include location-based systems, human activity recognition, and biosignal entertainment computing.

<figure><img src="image_79.png" /></figure>

**Yoshiteru Nagata** received the B.E. degree in engineering from Nagoya University, Japan, in 2021, where he is currently pursuing the master's degree with the Graduate School of Engineering. Since 2021, he has been a Rin-nai Scholarship Foundation Scholarship Student. His research interests include indoor positioning, person-flow estimation, and autonomous driving.

<figure><img src="image_80.png" /></figure>

**Wenfei Ge** was born in Henan, China, in 1996. She received the bachelor's degree in surveying and mapping engineering from Wuhan University, China, in 2018, where she is currently pursuing the master's degree with the GNSS Research Center. Her research interests include aided inertial navigation and multisource sensor integrated navigation.

<figure><img src="image_81.png" /></figure>

**Yuto Fukushima** received the B.E. degree in engineering from Nagoya University, Japan, in 2021, where he is currently pursuing the master's degree with the Graduate School of Engineering. His research interests include autonomous mobile robots and human-robot collaboration.

<figure><img src="image_82.png" /></figure>

**Nien-Ting Lee** received the B.S. degree in computer science and information engineering from Chung Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan, in 2020. He is currently pursuing the M.S. degree in electrical engineering with the Wireless Mobile Computing Laboratory, Yuan Ze University, Taoyuan, Taiwan. His research interests include AI technology and data analysis.

<figure><img src="image_83.png" /></figure>

**Nobuya Fukatani** received the B.E. degree in engineering from Nagoya University, Japan in 2020, where he is currently pursuing the master's degree with the Graduate School of Engineering. His research interests include human activity recognition and power consumption analysis.

<figure><img src="image_84.png" /></figure>

**Shih-Hau Fang** (Senior Member, IEEE) received the B.S. degree in communication engineering from National Chiao Tung University in 1999, and the M.S. and Ph.D. degrees in communication engineering from National Taiwan University, Taiwan, in 2001 and 2009, respectively. From 2001 to 2007, he was a Software Architect with Chung-Hwa Telecom Ltd. He joined Yuan Ze University (YZU) in 2009. He is currently a Full Professor with the Department of Electrical Engineering, YZU, and also with the MOST Joint Research Center for AI Technology and All Vista Healthcare, Taiwan. He is also a Technical Advisor with HyXen and PTCom Technology Company Ltd. His research interests include artificial intelligence, mobile computing, machine learning, and signal processing. He has received several awards for his research work, including the Young Scholar Research Award from YZU in 2012, the Project for Excellent Junior Research Investigators from MOST in 2013, the Outstanding Young Electrical Engineer Award from the Chinese Institute of Electrical Engineering in 2017, the Outstanding Research Award from YZU in 2018, and the Best Synergy Award from the Far Eastern Group in 2018. His team received the third place of IEEE Multimedia Big Data (BigMM) HTC Challenge in 2016 and the third place of Indoor Positioning and Indoor Navigation (IPIN) in 2017. He serves as the YZU President's Special Assistant. He was also an Associate Editor of *IEICE Transactions on Information and Systems*.

<figure><img src="image_85.png" /></figure>

**Nozomi Hayashida** received the B.E. degree in engineering from Osaka Prefecture University, Japan, in 2020. He is currently pursuing the master's degree with the Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University. His research interests include AR/MR and human-computer interaction.
<figure><img src="image_86.png" /></figure>

**You-Cheng Jie** received the B.S. degree in communications engineering from Yuan Ze University, Taoyuan, Taiwan, in 2020, where he is currently pursuing the M.S. degree in electrical engineering with the Wireless Mobile Computing Laboratory. His research interest includes millimeter-wave radar.

<figure><img src="image_87.png" /></figure>

**Wei Zhang** received the Ph.D. degree from the School of Geodesy and Geomatics, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China, in 2018. He is currently holding a postdoctoral position with the Department of Research Institute for Smart Cities, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China. His current research interest focuses on indoor positioning and indoor navigation.

<figure><img src="image_88.png" /></figure>

**Shawn-Rong Young** is currently pursuing the B.S. degree in electrical engineering with Yuan Ze University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.

<figure><img src="image_89.png" /></figure>

**Yankun Wang** received the Ph.D. degree in cartography from the Wuhan University of China in 2018. He joined Shenzhen University in 2018, where he is currently holding a postdoctoral position with the Department of Research Institute for Smart Cities, School of Architecture and Urban Planning. His main research interests include spatial modeling, indoor positioning, and spatial cognition.

<figure><img src="image_90.png" /></figure>

**Ying-Ren Chien** (Senior Member, IEEE) received the B.S. degree in electronic engineering from the National Yunlin University of Science and Technology, Douliu, Taiwan, in 1999, and the M.S. degree in electrical engineering and the Ph.D. degree in communication engineering from National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, in 2001 and 2009, respectively.

Since 2012, he has been with the Department of Electrical Engineering, National Ilan University, Yilan, Taiwan, where he is currently a Full Professor. His research interests include adaptive signal processing theory, machine learning, the Internet of Things, and interference cancellation.

<figure><img src="image_91.png" /></figure>

**Yonglei Fan** received the B.S. degree from South China Normal University in 2017, and the M.S. degree from the University of Chinese Academic and Sciences, Beijing, in 2020. He is currently pursuing the Ph.D. degree with the School of Electric Engineering and Computer Science, Queen Mary University of London, London, U.K. His research interests include the IoT, positioning estimation, geo-information data mining, and other location-related analysis.

<figure><img src="image_92.png" /></figure>

**Chih-Chieh Yu** is currently pursuing the M.S. degree with the Department of Electrical Engineering, National Ilan University, Yilan, Taiwan.

His research interests include indoor positioning, machine learning, and signal processing.

<figure><img src="image_93.png" /></figure>

**Stefan Poslad** received the Ph.D. degree from Newcastle University. He is currently an Associate Professor with the School of Electronic Engineering and Computer Science, Queen Mary University of London (QMUL), London, U.K. He is the Head of the IoT Laboratory. His research interests include indoor positioning and indoor navigation, human activity recognition, the Internet of Things, ubiquitous computing, semantic web, distributed system management, and artificial intelligence.

<figure><img src="image_94.png" /></figure>

**Chengqi Ma** received the B.S. degree in communication engineering from the Harbin Institute of Technology (HIT), Harbin, China, in 2012, and the M.S. degree in wireless communication from Lund University, Lund, Sweden, in 2015. He is currently pursuing the Ph.D. degree with the Electrical Engineering Department, University College London (UCL), London, U.K. His research interests include the development of indoor positioning systems, human activity recognition, and the Internet of Things.

<figure><img src="image_95.png" /></figure>

**David R. Selviah** (Member, IEEE) received the Ph.D. degree in photonic engineering from the Trinity College, Cambridge University, Cambridge, U.K. He is currently a Reader in optical devices, interconnects, algorithms, and systems with the Electronic and Electrical Engineering Department, University College London. His current research interests include machine learning, feature recognition, 3-D point cloud processing, indoor positioning and navigation, and quantum dot material characterization.

<figure><img src="image_96.png" /></figure>

**Bang Wu** received the B.S. and M.S. degrees from the School of Geodesy and Geomatics, Wuhan University (WHU), Wuhan, China, in 2014 and 2016, respectively. He is currently pursuing the Ph.D. degree with the School of Electronic Engineering and Computer Science, Queen Mary University of London (QMUL), London, U.K. His research interests include indoor positioning and indoor navigation, human activity recognition, the Internet of Things, and artificial intelligence.

<figure><img src="image_97.png" /></figure>

**Weixi Wang** received the Ph.D. degree in geodesy and survey engineering from Liaoning Technical University, Liaoning, China, in 2007. He completed a postdoctoral fellowship with the School of Resource and Environmental Sciences, Wuhan University, China, in 2013. He is currently an Associate Professor with the School of Architecture and Urban Planning, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China. He is also the Deputy Head of the Department of Urban Spatial Information Engineering, School of Architecture

and Urban Planning. He is the author or coauthor of over 30 refereed journal articles and conference papers, and one book. His current research interests include real-time positioning and navigation, target feature extraction and matching, and 3-D model reconstruction.
<figure><img src="image_98.png" /></figure>

**Hong Yuan** received the Ph.D. degree from the Shanxi Observatory of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in 1995. He is currently a Research Fellow of the Aerospace Information Research (AIR) Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences. He has been engaged in the research on ionospheric radio wave propagation, GPS/Beidou satellite navigation system construction, manned space applications, ionospheric physics, and ionospheric detection. He has hosted or participated in 13 national and provincial-level projects, eight provincial and ministerial science and technology awards, and more than 30 invention patents. He has published more than 60 articles. He engaged in software and hardware design and algorithm research related to satellite navigation, multi-source fusion navigation, and ionospheric detection.

<figure><img src="image_99.png" /></figure>

**Zhining Gu** received the B.S. degree in geographic information science from Harbin Normal University, China, in 2019. He is currently pursuing the M.E. degree with Shenzhen University. His main research interests include the design and implementation of indoor tracking and navigation systems, deep learning algorithm design, and intelligent transportation.

<figure><img src="image_100.png" /></figure>

**Yoshitomo Yonamoto** received the B.E. degree from Keio University in 2020, where he is currently pursuing the M.S. degree in computer science. His research interests include computer vision and indoor localization.

<figure><img src="image_101.png" /></figure>

**Chengjing Yang** received the B.S. degree in traffic transportation from Dalian Maritime University, China, in 2019. He is currently pursuing the M.E. degree with Shenzhen University. His main research interests include indoor positioning and intelligent transportation.

<figure><img src="image_102.png" /></figure>

**Masahiro Yamaguchi** received the B.S., M.S., and Ph.D. degrees in engineering from Keio University, Japan, in 2016, 2017, and 2021, respectively. From 2018 to 2019, he was a University Project Assistant with the Graz University of Technology. Since 2021, he has been working with NEC. His research interests include SLAM, 3D reconstruction, and computer vision.

<figure><img src="image_103.png" /></figure>

**Zhiqian Wu** received the B.S. degree in traffic transportation from Dalian Maritime University, China, in 2020. He is currently pursuing the M.E. degree with Shenzhen University. His main research interests include pedestrian indoor positioning and intelligent transportation.

<figure><img src="image_104.png" /></figure>

**Tomoya Kaichi** received the B.E. and M.Sc.Eng. degrees in information and computer science from Keio University, Japan, in 2017 and 2018, respectively, where he is currently pursuing the Ph.D. degree in science and technology. His main research interests include human motion estimation, optical-inertial sensor fusion, and hyperspectral analysis.

<figure><img src="image_105.png" /></figure>

**Doudou Xie** received the B.S. degree in traffic engineering from Shandong Jiao Tong University, China, in 2019. He is currently pursuing the M.E. degree with Shenzhen University. His main research interests include the design and implementation of indoor tracking and navigation systems, robot mapping and self-localization, and intelligent transportation.

<figure><img src="image_106.png" /></figure>

**Baoding Zhou** received the Ph.D. degree in photogrammetry and remote sensing from Wuhan University, Wuhan, China, in 2015. He is currently an Assistant Professor with the College of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China. His research interests include indoor localization and mapping, mobile computing, and intelligent transportation.

<figure><img src="image_107.png" /></figure>

**Can Huang** is currently pursuing the B.E. degree with Shenzhen University. His main research interests include indoor localization and intelligent transportation.

<figure><img src="image_108.png" /></figure>

**Xu Liu** received the B.E. degree in geometics engineering from the Chengdu University of Technology, China, in 2016, and the M.E. degree in geodesy and geomatics engineering from the Kunming University of Science and Technology, China, in 2019. He is currently pursuing the Ph.D. degree with the School of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Shenzhen University. His main research interests include indoor localization and navigation, and the Internet of Things.

<figure><img src="image_109.png" /></figure>

**Lingxiang Zheng** received the Ph.D. degree in artificial intelligence from Xiamen University, China. He is currently a Professor with the School of Informatics, Xiamen University. His research interests include indoor positioning, mobile computing, and smart devices.
<figure><img src="image_110.png" /></figure>

**Ao Peng** (Member, IEEE) received the M.Sc. and Ph.D. degrees in communication and information systems from Xiamen University, Fujian, China, in 2011 and 2014, respectively. He joined the School of Informatics, Xiamen University, in 2015, where he is currently an Assistant Professor. His research interests include satellite navigation and multi-source positioning and navigation.

<figure><img src="image_111.png" /></figure>

**Pushuo Zhang** received the B.S. degree from the School of Geological Engineering, Chang'an University, China, in 2019. He is currently pursuing the M.S. degree with the School of Software Engineering, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, China. His current research interests include location-based services, pervasive computing, inertial navigation, and machine learning.

<figure><img src="image_112.png" /></figure>

**Ge Jin** received the B.S. degree in communication engineering from Hohai University (HHU), Changzhou, China, in 2015. He is currently pursuing the M.S. degree in electronic and communication engineering with Xiamen University (XMU), Xiamen, China. His research interest includes indoor positioning systems.

<figure><img src="image_113.png" /></figure>

**Fang Zhao** received the B.S. degree from the School of Computer Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China, in 1990, the M.S. and Ph.D. degrees in computer science and technology from the Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunication, Beijing, China, in 2004 and 2009, respectively. She is currently a Professor with the School of Software Engineering, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunication. Her research interests include mobile computing, location-based services, and computer networks.

<figure><img src="image_114.png" /></figure>

**Qu Wang** received the B.S. degree from the School of Software Engineering, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunication, China, in 2013, and the M.S. degree from the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China, in 2017. He is currently pursuing the Ph.D. degree with the School of Information and Communication Engineering, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications. His current interests include location-based services, pervasive computing, computer vision, and machine learning.

<figure><img src="image_115.png" /></figure>

**Chia-An Yu** is currently pursuing the B.S. degree in electrical engineering with the Wireless Mobile Computing Laboratory, Yuan Ze University, Taoyuan, Taiwan. His research interests include sensor data calculation and transformer model in speech enhancement.

<figure><img src="image_116.png" /></figure>

**Haiyong Luo** (Member, IEEE) received the B.S. degree from the Department of Electronics and Information Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China, in 1989, the M.S. degree from the School of Information and Communication Engineering, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunication, China, in 2002, and the Ph.D. degree in computer science from the University of Chines Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China, in 2008. He is currently an Associate Professor with the Institute of Chinese Academy of Sciences, China. His main research interests include location-based services, pervasive computing, mobile computing, and the Internet of Things.

<figure><img src="image_117.png" /></figure>

**Chun-Hao Hung** received the B.S. degree in computer science and information engineering from Chung Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan, in 2020. He is currently pursuing the M.S. degree in electrical engineering with the Wireless Mobile Computing Laboratory, Yuan Ze University, Taoyuan, Taiwan. His research interests include sensor data calculation and database analysis.

<figure><img src="image_118.png" /></figure>

**Hao Xiong** received the B.S. degree from the School of Software Engineering, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China, in 2019, where he is currently pursuing the M.S. degree. His current research interests include location-based services, pervasive computing, and machine learning.

<figure><img src="image_119.png" /></figure>

**Leonid Antsfeld** received the M.Sc. degree in applied mathematics and computer science from Technion, Israel Institute of Technology, in 2005, and the Ph.D. degree in computer science from the University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia, in 2014. He has extensive industrial experience solving real-world complex problems by applying his research at Rafael, Intel, NICTA (Australia's Information and Communications Technology Research Centre of Excellence), and Xerox Innovation Group. Since 2017, he has been a Senior Researcher with Naver Labs Europe, Grenoble, France, the biggest industrial research lab in Al. He is the author of several scientific articles and patents. His current research interest includes sensor fusion for indoor positioning and navigation.

<figure><img src="image_120.png" /></figure>

**Linfeng Bao** received the B.S. degree from the School of Electronic Information, Wuhan University, China. He is currently pursuing the graduate degree with the Research Center for Ubiquitous Computing Systems, Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences. His research interests include embedded systems and GNSS aided inertial navigation systems.
<figure><img src="image_121.png" /></figure>

**Boris Chidlovskii** (Member, IEEE) received the M.S. degree in applied mathematics and the Ph.D. degree in computer science from Kiev State University, Ukraine, in 1984 and 1990, respectively. He was an Associate Professor with Kiev State University, an Invited Professor with Salerno University, Italy, before joining Xerox Research Center Europe, France, in 1996. Since 2017, he has been a Principal Scientist with Naver Labs Europe, Grenoble, France. He is the author or coauthor of more than 50 patents and

100 scientific articles in international journals and conference proceedings. His research interests include machine learning, data mining, recommendation systems, time-spatial modeling, intelligent transportation systems, deep learning, and computer vision.

<figure><img src="image_122.png" /></figure>

**Ivo Silva** received the M.Sc. degree in telecommunications and informatics engineering from the University of Minho, Portugal, in 2016. He is a Researcher with the Algoritmi Research Centre and an Invited Assistant with the University of Minho. His research interests include indoor positioning and navigation, mobile computing, and software engineering. He is working on his Ph.D. thesis with a focus on the indoor positioning of industrial vehicles based on Wi-Fi.

<figure><img src="image_123.png" /></figure>

**Haitao Jiang** is currently pursuing the Ph.D. degree with Beihang University. His current research interests include multi-source fusion navigation, which includes GNSS, inertial, and visual integrated navigation.

<figure><img src="image_124.png" /></figure>

**Cristiano Pendão** received the M.Sc. degree in telecommunications and informatics engineering from the University of Minho, Portugal, in 2012, and the Ph.D. degree in telecommunications/computer science engineering from the University of Minho, the University of Aveiro, and the University of Porto in 2019. He is a Professor with the School of Engineering, University of Minho. He is also a Researcher with the Algoritmi Research Centre. His research interests include positioning and navigation systems, computer

vision, mobile computing, and application development for iOS and Android.

<figure><img src="image_125.png" /></figure>

**Ming Xia** is currently holding a postdoctoral position with Beihang University. His research interests include motion recognition, pedestrian inertial positioning, wearable sensor-based positioning, and their applications in location-based service applications.

<figure><img src="image_126.png" /></figure>

**Filipe Meneses** (Member, IEEE) received the Licenciatura and M.Sc. degrees in information systems and the Ph.D. degree in information systems technologies (computing and communications systems) from the University of Minho, Portugal, in 1998, 2001, and 2008, respectively. He is an Invited Assistant Professor with the University of Minho, a Researcher with the Algoritmi Research Center, and the Urban and Mobile Computing Unit Coordinator with the Center for Computer Graphics (CCG). He has participated

in several research projects funded by national programs, European programs (FP7 and H2020), and directly contracted by the industry. He has published his research results in various conferences and journals in the area. His research interests include indoor positioning and indoor navigation, context-aware systems, urban and mobile computing, and human space movement analysis. His research activities have been taking place within the Urban Computing Lab Research Sub-Group. He served as a member of the technical program committee of several international conferences and journals and co-organized several international conferences locally.

<figure><img src="image_127.png" /></figure>

**Dayu Yan** is currently pursuing the Ph.D. degree with the College of Electrical Engineering, Beihang University. His research interests include the design and implementation of indoor tracking and integrated navigation systems.

<figure><img src="image_128.png" /></figure>

**Yuhang Li** is currently pursuing the master's degree with the School of Electronic Information, Beihang University, where he is also studying multi-source fusion navigation, which includes laser slam and vision slam.

<figure><img src="image_129.png" /></figure>

**Maria João Nicolau** graduated in systems and informatics engineering from the University of Minho, Portugal, in 1992. She received the M.Sc. and Ph.D. degrees in informatics (computer communications) from the University of Minho in 1995 and 2005, respectively. Since 1994, she has been a Lecturer and a Research Staff Member with the University of Minho. She is an Assistant Professor with the Department of Information Systems, School of Engineering, University of Minho, where she actually develops

teaching and research activities in the field of communication networks and protocols. She is a Researcher with the ALGORITMI Research Centre, Ubicomp@UMinho Research Group, University of Minho. During her teaching career, she has lectured in operating systems, computer architectures, computer networks, and data communication systems. Regarding the research activity, she has participated in several research projects, supervised almost 40 postgraduate students. She has coauthored more than 50 peer-reviewed articles. Her current research interests include network technologies and protocols, vehicular networks, and indoor positioning.

<figure><img src="image_130.png" /></figure>

**Yitong Dong** is currently pursuing the master's degree with Beihang University. Her current research interests include integrated navigation of global navigation satellite systems (GNSS), inertial navigation, and vision slam.
<figure><img src="image_131.png" /></figure>

**António Costa** (Member, IEEE) graduated in systems and informatics engineering in 1992. He received the M.Sc. degree in informatics and the Ph.D. degree in computer science from the University of Minho in 1998 and 2006, respectively. Since 1992, he has been an Assistant Professor with the Department of Informatics, University of Minho, Portugal, where he develops teaching and research activities in the fields of computer networks and computer communications. As a Researcher, he currently integrates the Computer Communications and Networks (CCN) Research Group, School of Engineering, Centro Algoritmi, University of Minho. He participated in several research projects and supervised M.Sc. and Ph.D. students. He has coauthored more than 60 peer-reviewed articles. His current research interests include indoor positioning, vehicular networks, mobile *adhoc* networks, disruptive delay tolerant networks, named data networks, the Internet of Things, and the future Internet.

<figure><img src="image_132.png" /></figure>

**Miroslav Opiela** was born in Prešov, Slovakia, in 1991. He received the Ph.D. degree in computer science from Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, Košice, Slovakia, in 2021. His research interests include smartphone-based indoor positioning and Bayesian filtering.

<figure><img src="image_133.png" /></figure>

**Jakub Džama** was born in Vranov nad Toplou, Slovakia, in 1997. He received the B.S. degree in computer science from Pavol Jozef Šafárik University (UPJŠ), Košice, Slovakia, where he is currently pursuing the M.S. degree. His research interest includes smartphone-based indoor positioning systems.

<figure><img src="image_134.png" /></figure>

**Adriano Moreira** (Member, IEEE) received the degree in electronics and telecommunications engineering and the Ph.D. degree in electrical engineering from the University of Aveiro, Portugal, in 1989 and 1997, respectively. He is an Associate Professor, with Habilitation, at the School of Engineering, University of Minho. He is also a Researcher with the Algoritmi Research Centre. He is the Director of the MAP-Tele Doctoral Program in Telecommunications. In the past few years, he participated in many research projects funded by national and European programs. He is the author of more than 100 scientific publications in conferences and journals, and one patent in the area of computational geometry. His research interests include urban computing, human mobility analysis, indoor positioning, and simulation of wireless and mobile networks in urban contexts. His research activities have been focusing on the creation of technologies for smart places. He has been a Voting Member of the IEEE 802.11 Working Group where he participated in the specification of the infrared physical layer. He is a member of the ICL-GNSS Conference Steering Committee. With his colleagues, he received the first prize on the off-site Track of the EvAAL-ETRI Indoor Localization Competition (IPIN 2015 and 2017). He is chairing the Steering Committee of the International Conference on Indoor Positioning and Indoor Navigation.

<figure><img src="image_135.png" /></figure>

**Liqiang Zhang** (Graduate Student Member, IEEE) is currently pursuing the Ph.D. degree in information and communication engineering with Tianjin University, Tianjin, China. His current research interests include signal processing, inertial sensing, place recognition, and deep learning. He was the Runner-Up of Track 2 ("Pedestrian Dead Reckoning Positioning") in EvAAL positioning competition in 2017.

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**Hu Li** received the B.E. degree from Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, China, in 2015. He is currently pursuing the M.E. degree with Tianjin University. He worked as a Radio Frequency Engineer with Shijiazhuang Yinhe Microwave Technology Company Ltd., for a period of three years. His research interests include geomagnetic fingerprinting, inertial navigation, and machine learning.

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**Cedric De Cock** received the M.S. degree in electronics and ICT engineering technology from Ghent University in 2020. He became a member of the imec-WAVES Group, Department of Information Technology (INTEC), Ghent University in 2020. His research interests include IMU-enabled indoor positioning and signal processing.

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**Boxuan Chen** received the B.E. degree from the Hebei University of Technology, China, in 2020. He is currently pursuing the M.E. degree with Tianjin University. His research interests include indoor positioning, vehicle navigation, and deep learning.

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**David Plets** (Member, IEEE) has been a member of the imec-WAVES Group, Department of Information Technology (INTEC), Ghent University, since 2006, where he has also been an Assistant Professor since 2016. His current research interests include localization techniques and the IoT, for both industry- and health-related applications. He is also involved in the optimization of wireless communication and broadcast networks, with a focus on coverage, exposure, and interference.

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**Yu Liu** received the B.E. degree in electronic engineering, the M.E. degree in information and communication engineering, and the Ph.D. degree in signal and information processing from Tianjin University, Tianjin, China, in 1998, 2002, and 2005, respectively. From 1998 to 2000, he was an Electronic Engineer with Nantian Electronics Information Corporation, Shenzhen, China. He returned to Tianjin University in 2000. From 2011 to 2012, he was a Visiting Fellow with the Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA. He is currently a Professor with the School of Microelectronics, Tianjin University. His research interests include signal/video processing, medical signal processing, machine learning, compressed sensing, and indoor positioning systems.
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**Seanglidet Yean** received the B.Eng. and Ph.D. degrees in computer science from Nanyang Technological University (NTU), Singapore, in 2015 and 2020, respectively. Since 2020, she has been a Research Fellow (Cognitive and AI) with the Singtel Cognitive and Artificial Intelligence Lab for Enterprises @ NTU (SCALE@NTU). Her research interests include signal processing, navigation system fusing with the intelligence systems, and multidisciplinary projects under the umbrella of well-being (future healthcare).

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**Bu Sung Lee** (Senior Member, IEEE) received the B.Sc. (Hons.) and Ph.D. degrees from the Electrical and Electronics Department, Loughborough University of Technology, U.K., in 1982 and 1987, respectively. He is currently an Associate Professor with the School of Computer Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University. He also holds the position of the Director of International Networks with the National Supercomputing Center, Singapore. He has published over 300 peer-reviewed

conference papers and 100 journal articles. His research interests include grid/cloud computing and networks. He has carried out research in the areas of data analytics, big data, and interdisciplinary projects.

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**Bo Zhi Lim** is currently pursuing the B.Eng. degree with the School of Computer Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University (NTU), Singapore, specialized in data science and analytics and artificial intelligence.

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**Wei Jie Teo** is currently pursuing the B.Eng. degree in computer science with the School of Computer Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University (NTU), Singapore, specializing in data science and analytics and artificial intelligence.

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**Hong Lye Oh** worked in the semiconductor industry for a period of 18 years. He is currently a Lecturer with the School of Computer Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University. He straddles between applications and research and development functions covering consumer, computer, and industrial products. His research interests include embedded systems and wireless connectivity.