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## RÉSUMÉ :

Histologie et biochimie des neurones histaminergiques et étude de leurs fonctions chez l'humain.

Ces neurones sont très particuliers du point de vue histologique de par leurs afférences très complexes, leurs corps cellulaires très regroupés et leurs efférences très diffuses — mais aussi du point de vue biochimique de par l'activité constitutive très importante des récepteurs à l'histamine, la présence de synapses à double-neurotransmission et l'importance des signaux extrasynaptiques dans l'activité des neurones histaminergiques.

Cette voie de signalisation est au cœur de l'innovation dans le secteur des anti-hypnotiques mais elle a également un grand potentiel dans celui d'autres classes de médicaments, notamment dans les hypnotiques, les analgésiques, les anti-vertigineux, le traitement de la cinétose, et peut-être et avec plus de réserve les coupe-faits et les médicaments de sevrages aux addictions. Un effet pro-mnésique très impressionnant des antagonistes des récepteurs H3 a été démontré chez le rat et chez l'humain et laisse lui aussi entrevoir la possibilité de médicaments de soutien de la mémoire du moyen-terme.

Cette thèse répertorie et classe l'état de l'art de la science quant aux effets de la stimulation pharmacologique des récepteurs histaminergiques synaptiques.

## DISCIPLINE :

Physiologie, neurologie

## MOTS-CLEFS :

Histamine, Noyau tubéro-mamillaire, Neurone, Physiologie

## ADRESSE DE L'AUTEUR :