ICES. 2021. Working Group on North Atlantic Salmon (WGNAS)

Julien April, Hlynur Bardarson, Ida Ahlbeck-Bergendahl, Geir H. Bolstad, Cindy Breau, Mathieu Buoro, Karin Camara, Gerald Chaput, Anne Cooper, Guillaume Dauphin, et al.

► To cite this version:

Julien April, Hlynur Bardarson, Ida Ahlbeck-Bergendahl, Geir H. Bolstad, Cindy Breau, et al. ICES. 2021. Working Group on North Atlantic Salmon (WGNAS). 3 (29), 417 p., 2021, ICES Scientific Reports., 10.17895/ices.pub.7923. hal-03228611

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ICES
CIEM

# WORKING GROUP ON NORTH ATLANTIC SALMON (WGNAS)

VOLUME 3 | ISSUE 29

ICES SCIENTIFIC REPORTS

RAPPORTS
SCIENTIFIQUES DU CIEM

<figure><img src="image_3.png" /></figure>

ICES
CIEM
INTERNATIONAL COUNCIL FOR THE EXPLORATION OF THE SEA
CONSEIL INTERNATIONAL POUR L'EXPLORATION DE LA MER
International Council for the Exploration of the Sea
Conseil International pour l'Exploration de la Mer

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DK-1553 Copenhagen V

Denmark

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www.ices.dk

info@ices.dk

ISSN number: 2618-1371

This document has been produced under the auspices of an ICES Expert Group or Committee. The
contents therein do not necessarily represent the view of the Council.

© 2021 International Council for the Exploration of the Sea.

This work is licensed under the [Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) (CC BY 4.0).
For citation of datasets or conditions for use of data to be included in other databases, please refer to
[ICES data policy](https://www.ices.dk/data-policy).

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ICES Scientific Reports

Volume 3 | Issue 29

WORKING GROUP ON NORTH ATLANTIC SALMON (WGNAS)

Recommended format for purpose of citation:

ICES. 2021. Working Group on North Atlantic Salmon (WGNAS).
ICES Scientific Reports. 3:29. 407 pp. https://doi.org/10.17895/ices.pub.7923

Editors

Dennis Ensing

Authors

Julien April • Hlynur Bardarson • Ida Ahlbeck Bergendahl • Geir H. Bolstad • Cindy Breau • Mathieu Buoro
• Karin Camara • Gérald Chaput • Anne Cooper • Guillaume Dauphin • Dennis Ensing • Jaakko Erkinaro
• Peder Fiske • Marko Freese • Jonathan Gillson • Stephen Gregory • Nora Hanson • Niels Jepsen •
Nicholas Kelly • Hugo Maxwell • David Meerburg • Michael Millane. Rasmus Nygaard • James Ounsley •
Rémi Patin • Sergey Prusov • Dustin Raab • Etienne Rivot • Martha Robertson • Timothy Sheehan • Ross
Tallman • Alan Walker • Vidar Wennevik
# Contents

<table><tr><td>i</td><td>Executive summary</td><td>v</td></tr><tr><td>ii</td><td>Expert group information</td><td>vii</td></tr><tr><td>1</td><td>Introduction</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td>1.1</td><td>Main tasks</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td>1.2</td><td>Participants</td><td>3</td></tr><tr><td>1.3</td><td>Management framework for salmon in the North Atlantic</td><td>4</td></tr><tr><td>1.4</td><td>Management objectives</td><td>5</td></tr><tr><td>1.5</td><td>Reference points and application of precaution</td><td>5</td></tr><tr><td>2</td><td>Atlantic salmon in the North Atlantic area</td><td>8</td></tr><tr><td>2.1</td><td>Catches of North Atlantic salmon</td><td>8</td></tr><tr><td>2.1.1</td><td>Nominal catches of salmon</td><td>8</td></tr><tr><td>2.1.2</td><td>Catch and release</td><td>9</td></tr><tr><td>2.1.3</td><td>Unreported catches</td><td>10</td></tr><tr><td>2.2</td><td>Farming and sea ranching of Atlantic salmon</td><td>11</td></tr><tr><td>2.2.1</td><td>Production of farmed Atlantic salmon</td><td>11</td></tr><tr><td>2.2.2</td><td>Harvest of ranched Atlantic salmon</td><td>11</td></tr><tr><td>2.3</td><td>NASCO has asked ICES to report on significant, new or emerging threats to, or opportunities for, salmon conservation and management</td><td>12</td></tr><tr><td>2.3.1</td><td>Impacts of COVID-19</td><td>12</td></tr><tr><td>2.3.2</td><td>Diseases and Parasites</td><td>13</td></tr><tr><td>2.3.2.1</td><td>Project for Nordic cooperation on salmon health</td><td>13</td></tr><tr><td>2.3.2.2</td><td>Update on Red Skin Disease</td><td>14</td></tr><tr><td>2.3.3</td><td>Lamprey effects on Atlantic salmon smolts</td><td>14</td></tr><tr><td>2.3.4</td><td>Performance of fishery sampling programmes to estimate catches of low proportions of non-local origin salmon in mixed-stock fisheries</td><td>15</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>Fishery and sampling processes</td><td>15</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>Estimation of catch of non-local origin fish</td><td>16</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>Labrador Sampling Programme Context</td><td>16</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>Conclusions</td><td>17</td></tr><tr><td>2.3.5</td><td>Research projects on pink salmon in the northern border rivers between Finland and Norway</td><td>17</td></tr><tr><td>2.3.6</td><td>Studies relating to the reintroduction of Atlantic salmon in the River Rhine, Germany</td><td>18</td></tr><tr><td>2.4</td><td>Data Call for NASCO requested information used by the Working Group</td><td>18</td></tr><tr><td>2.4.1</td><td>Process for collating catch data</td><td>18</td></tr><tr><td>2.4.2</td><td>Review of the 2021 Data Call</td><td>19</td></tr><tr><td>2.5</td><td>Progress on the Bayesian Life Cycle Model</td><td>20</td></tr><tr><td>2.5.1</td><td>Advances in using the LCM for stock assessment and provision of catch advice</td><td>20</td></tr><tr><td>2.5.2</td><td>Feedback from the WKSalModel</td><td>21</td></tr><tr><td>2.5.3</td><td>Resolutions and next steps</td><td>21</td></tr><tr><td>2.6</td><td>Reports from ICES expert group and other investigations relevant to North Atlantic salmon</td><td>22</td></tr><tr><td>2.6.1</td><td>WGDIAD</td><td>22</td></tr><tr><td>2.6.2</td><td>Diadromous fish and EU Data Collection Framework update</td><td>23</td></tr><tr><td>2.7</td><td>NASCO has asked ICES to provide a compilation of tag releases by country in 2020</td><td>24</td></tr><tr><td>3</td><td>Northeast Atlantic Commission area</td><td>71</td></tr><tr><td>3.1</td><td>NASCO has requested ICES to describe the key events of the 2020 fisheries</td><td>71</td></tr><tr><td>3.1.1</td><td>Fishing at Faroe Islands</td><td>71</td></tr><tr><td>3.1.2</td><td>Key events in NEAC homewater fisheries</td><td>71</td></tr></table>
<table><tr><td>3.1.3</td><td>Gear and effort</td><td>71</td></tr><tr><td>3.1.4</td><td>Catches</td><td>72</td></tr><tr><td>3.1.5</td><td>Catch per unit of effort (CPUE)</td><td>73</td></tr><tr><td>3.1.6</td><td>Age composition of catches</td><td>73</td></tr><tr><td>3.1.7</td><td>Farmed and ranched salmon in catches</td><td>74</td></tr><tr><td>3.1.8</td><td>National origin of catches</td><td>74</td></tr><tr><td>3.1.8.1</td><td>Catches of Russian salmon in northern Norway</td><td>74</td></tr><tr><td>3.1.9</td><td>Exploitation indices of NEAC stocks</td><td>75</td></tr><tr><td>3.2</td><td>Management objectives and reference points</td><td>75</td></tr><tr><td>3.2.1</td><td>NEAC conservation limits</td><td>75</td></tr><tr><td>3.2.2</td><td>Progress with setting river-specific conservation limits</td><td>76</td></tr><tr><td>3.2.2.1</td><td>Iceland</td><td>76</td></tr><tr><td>3.3</td><td>Status of stocks</td><td>76</td></tr><tr><td>3.3.1</td><td>The NEAC PFA run-reconstruction model</td><td>76</td></tr><tr><td>3.3.2</td><td>Changes to the national input data for the NEAC PFA run-reconstruction model</td><td>77</td></tr><tr><td>3.3.3</td><td>Changes to the NEAC PFA run-reconstruction model</td><td>78</td></tr><tr><td>3.3.4</td><td>Description of national stocks and NEAC stock complexes as derived from the NEAC run-reconstruction model</td><td>78</td></tr><tr><td>3.3.4.1</td><td>Individual country stocks</td><td>79</td></tr><tr><td>3.3.5</td><td>Compliance with river-specific conservation limits</td><td>80</td></tr><tr><td>3.3.6</td><td>Return rates</td><td>81</td></tr><tr><td>3.4</td><td>PFA forecasts</td><td>82</td></tr><tr><td>3.4.1</td><td>Description of forecast model</td><td>82</td></tr><tr><td>3.4.2</td><td>Results of the NEAC stock complex Bayesian forecast models</td><td>82</td></tr><tr><td>3.4.3</td><td>Results of the NEAC country level Bayesian forecast models and probabilities of PFAs attaining SERs</td><td>83</td></tr><tr><td>3.5</td><td>Catch options or alternative management advice</td><td>84</td></tr><tr><td>3.5.1</td><td>Catch advice for Faroes</td><td>84</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2">Catch Advice based on Stock Complexes</td><td>85</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2">Catch Advice based on Countries</td><td>85</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2">River-specific assessments</td><td>86</td></tr><tr><td>3.5.2</td><td>Relevant factors to be considered in management</td><td>86</td></tr><tr><td>3.6</td><td>Framework of indicators</td><td>86</td></tr><tr><td>3.6.1</td><td>Background</td><td>86</td></tr><tr><td>3.6.2</td><td>Progress in 2020</td><td>87</td></tr><tr><td>3.6.3</td><td>Next steps</td><td>87</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2">North American Commission</td><td>199</td></tr><tr><td>4.1</td><td>NASCO has requested ICES to describe the key events of the 2020 fisheries</td><td>199</td></tr><tr><td>4.1.1</td><td>Key events of the 2020 fisheries</td><td>199</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2">The COVID-19 pandemic variably affected salmon fisheries in NAC in 2020. These impacts are summarised in Section 2.3.1. Reductions in licence sales from non-resident anglers in Québec and Maritimes was down in 2020</td><td>199</td></tr><tr><td>4.1.2</td><td>Gear and effort</td><td>199</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2">Canada</td><td>199</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2">Indigenous food, social, and ceremonial (FSC) fisheries</td><td>200</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2">Labrador resident subsistence fisheries</td><td>200</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2">Recreational fisheries</td><td>200</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2">USA</td><td>201</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2">France (Islands of Saint Pierre and Miquelon)</td><td>201</td></tr><tr><td>4.1.3</td><td>Catches in 2020</td><td>202</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2">Canada</td><td>202</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2">Indigenous FSC fisheries</td><td>202</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2">Labrador resident subsistence fisheries</td><td>202</td></tr></table>
<table><tr><td>Recreational fisheries</td><td>202</td></tr><tr><td>Commercial fisheries</td><td>203</td></tr><tr><td>Unreported catches</td><td>203</td></tr><tr><td>USA</td><td>203</td></tr><tr><td>France (Islands of Saint Pierre and Miquelon)</td><td>203</td></tr><tr><td>4.1.4 Harvest of North American salmon, expressed as 2SW salmon equivalents</td><td>203</td></tr><tr><td>4.1.5 Origin and composition of catches</td><td>204</td></tr><tr><td>Saint Pierre and Miquelon fisheries sampling programme</td><td>206</td></tr><tr><td>Recommendations for future activities</td><td>206</td></tr><tr><td>4.1.6 Exploitation rates</td><td>207</td></tr><tr><td>Canada</td><td>207</td></tr><tr><td>USA</td><td>207</td></tr><tr><td>Exploitation trends for North American salmon fisheries</td><td>207</td></tr><tr><td>4.2 Management objectives and reference points</td><td>208</td></tr><tr><td>4.3 Status of stocks</td><td>209</td></tr><tr><td>4.3.1 Smolt abundance</td><td>209</td></tr><tr><td>Canada</td><td>209</td></tr><tr><td>USA</td><td>209</td></tr><tr><td>4.3.2 Estimates of total adult abundance</td><td>209</td></tr><tr><td>Small salmon returns</td><td>210</td></tr><tr><td>Large salmon returns</td><td>211</td></tr><tr><td>2SW salmon returns</td><td>211</td></tr><tr><td>4.3.3 Estimates of spawning escapements</td><td>211</td></tr><tr><td>Small salmon spawners</td><td>211</td></tr><tr><td>Large salmon spawners</td><td>212</td></tr><tr><td>2SW salmon spawners</td><td>212</td></tr><tr><td>4.3.4 Egg depositions in 2020</td><td>212</td></tr><tr><td>4.3.5 Return rates</td><td>213</td></tr><tr><td>4.3.6 Pre-fisheries abundance (PFA)</td><td>214</td></tr><tr><td>4.3.6.1 North American run-reconstruction model</td><td>214</td></tr><tr><td>4.3.6.2 Non-maturing 1SW salmon</td><td>214</td></tr><tr><td>4.3.6.3 Maturing 1SW salmon</td><td>214</td></tr><tr><td>4.3.6.4 Total 1SW recruits (maturing and non-maturing)</td><td>214</td></tr><tr><td>4.3.7 Summary on status of stocks</td><td>215</td></tr><tr><td>4.4 NASCO has asked ICES to provide catch options or alternative management advice for 2021-2024 with an assessment of risks relative to the objective of exceeding stock conservation limits, or pre-defined NASCO Management Objectives, and advise on the implications of these options for stock rebuilding</td><td>217</td></tr><tr><td>4.4.1 Relevant factors to be considered in management</td><td>217</td></tr><tr><td>4.4.2 Updated forecast of 2SW maturing fish for 2021</td><td>217</td></tr><tr><td>4.4.2.1 Catch options for 2021 fisheries on 2SW maturing salmon</td><td>218</td></tr><tr><td>4.4.3 Pre-fishery abundance of 2SW salmon for 2021-2023</td><td>218</td></tr><tr><td>4.4.3.1 Forecast models for pre-fishery abundance</td><td>218</td></tr><tr><td>4.4.3.2 Catch options for non-maturing 1SW salmon</td><td>219</td></tr><tr><td>4.4.4 Comparison with previous assessment and advice</td><td>219</td></tr><tr><td>4.5 NASCO has asked ICES to update the Framework of Indicators used to identify any significant change in the previously provided multiannual management advice</td><td>220</td></tr><tr><td>Atlantic salmon in the West Greenland Commission</td><td>306</td></tr><tr><td>5.1 NASCO has requested ICES to describe the key events of the 2020 fishery</td><td>306</td></tr><tr><td>5.1.1 Catch and effort in 2020</td><td>307</td></tr><tr><td>5.1.2 Landings adjustments</td><td>308</td></tr><tr><td>5.1.3 Exploitation</td><td>309</td></tr></table>
<table><tr><td>5.2</td><td>International sampling programme</td><td>310</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>Wildlife Officers</td><td>310</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>GINR staff</td><td>310</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>Citizen Science</td><td>310</td></tr><tr><td>5.2.1</td><td>Biological characteristics of the catches</td><td>311</td></tr><tr><td>5.2.2</td><td>Continent and region of origin of catches at West Greenland</td><td>312</td></tr><tr><td>5.3</td><td>NASCO has requested ICES to describe the status of the stocks</td><td>312</td></tr><tr><td>5.3.1</td><td>North American stock complex</td><td>312</td></tr><tr><td>5.3.2</td><td>MSW Southern European stock complex</td><td>312</td></tr><tr><td>5.4</td><td>NASCO has requested ICES to provide catch options or alternative management advice for 2021–2023 with an assessment of risk relative to the objective of exceeding stock conservation limits, or predefined NASCO Management Objectives, and advise on the implications of these options for stock rebuilding</td><td>313</td></tr><tr><td>5.4.1</td><td>Catch options for West Greenland</td><td>313</td></tr><tr><td>5.5</td><td>Relevant factors to be considered in management</td><td>313</td></tr><tr><td>5.6</td><td>Pre-fishery abundance forecasts 2021, 2022, 2023</td><td>314</td></tr><tr><td>5.6.1</td><td>North American stock complex</td><td>314</td></tr><tr><td>5.6.2</td><td>Southern NEAC MSW stock complex</td><td>314</td></tr><tr><td>5.7</td><td>Comparison with previous assessment and advice</td><td>314</td></tr><tr><td>5.8</td><td>Critical examination of changes to the models used to provide catch options</td><td>315</td></tr><tr><td>5.8.1</td><td>Run-reconstruction models</td><td>315</td></tr><tr><td>5.8.2</td><td>Forecast models for pre-fishery abundance of 2SW salmon</td><td>315</td></tr><tr><td>5.8.3</td><td>Development and risk assessment of catch options</td><td>315</td></tr><tr><td>5.8.4</td><td>Critical evaluation</td><td>315</td></tr><tr><td>5.9</td><td>NASCO has requested ICES to update the Framework of Indicators used to identify any significant change in the previously provided multiannual management advice</td><td>316</td></tr><tr><td>5.9.1</td><td>Update of the Framework of Indicators</td><td>316</td></tr><tr><td>Annex 1:</td><td>List of Working Papers submitted to WGNAS 2021</td><td>360</td></tr><tr><td>Annex 2:</td><td>References cited</td><td>362</td></tr><tr><td>Annex 3:</td><td>List of participants</td><td>365</td></tr><tr><td>Annex 4:</td><td>Reported nominal catch of salmon in numbers and weight</td><td>367</td></tr><tr><td>Annex 5:</td><td>WGNAS Stock Annex for Atlantic salmon</td><td>398</td></tr><tr><td>Annex 6:</td><td>Glossary of acronyms used in this report</td><td>399</td></tr><tr><td>Annex 7:</td><td>Data deficiencies, monitoring needs and research requirements</td><td>403</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>List of recommendations</td><td>403</td></tr><tr><td>Annex 8:</td><td>ICES WGNAS Data call review</td><td>404</td></tr><tr><td>8.1</td><td>Data submitted to ICES</td><td>404</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>Data Call template schema</td><td>404</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>Geographic area descriptors</td><td>404</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>Time period</td><td>405</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>Exclusion of subtotals</td><td>405</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>Fishery descriptors (F_TYPE)</td><td>405</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>Catch Data</td><td>406</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>Missing data descriptors</td><td>406</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>When no Atlantic salmon fishery is authorised</td><td>407</td></tr><tr><td>8.2</td><td>Proposed changes to database schema and data entry</td><td>407</td></tr><tr><td>8.3</td><td>Quality control / quality assurance</td><td>407</td></tr></table>
# i Executive summary

WGNAS met to consider questions posed to ICES by the North Atlantic Salmon Conservation Organisation (NASCO).

The terms of reference were addressed by reviewing working documents prepared prior to the meeting as well as development of analyses, documents and text during the meeting.

The report is presented in five sections, structured to the terms of reference. Sections include:

Introduction;

Catches and farming;

The status of stocks in the Northeast Atlantic Commission area;

The status of stocks in the North American Commission area;

The status of stocks in the West Greenland Commission area.

In summary of the findings of the Working Group on North Atlantic Salmon:

* In the North Atlantic, exploitation rates on Atlantic salmon continue to be among the lowest in the time-series.

* Nominal catch in 2020 was 915 t. This was 30 t above the updated catch for 2019 (885 t) but 197 and 346 t below the previous five- and ten-year means, respectively.

* The provisional estimate of farmed Atlantic salmon production in the North Atlantic area for 2020 is 1821 kt, which is an increase on the production for 2019 (1771 kt) and the previous five-year mean (1627 kt). The production of farmed Atlantic salmon in this area has been over one million tonnes since 2009. The total worldwide production in 2020 is provisionally estimated at around 2638 kt which was almost 3000 times the catch of wild Atlantic salmon.

* The provisional nominal catch in the NEAC area in 2020 (778 t) was slightly higher than the updated catch for 2019 (755 t) and 19% and 29% below the previous five-year and ten-year means, respectively.

* The Working Group reported on the findings of a study on the performance of fishery sampling programmes to estimate catches of low-proportions of non-local origin salmon in mixed-stock fisheries and on a catchment-wide international coordinated genetic monitoring programme of reintroduced Atlantic salmon on the River Rhine.

* A number of threats were discussed including diseases and parasite events in Ireland (Red Skin Disease) and UK (Northern Ireland) (river lamprey), and exotic salmonids (pink salmon) in northern Finland.

* The Working Group received an update on the progress of the development of the new Bayesian Life Cycle Model (LCM) that has been proposed to improve the biological realism of the stock assessment model used by WGNAS. A workshop (WKSalModel) to advance this process convened in January 2021 to familiarise experts with the methodological framework used for providing catch advice based on the LSM, and to discuss and formalise the workflow. Finally, next steps and timelines for data inputs for the use of the LSM in the proposed 2022 WGNAS Benchmark were discussed.

* The impact of the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic was not consistent among jurisdictions with respect to Atlantic salmon fisheries and ICES WGNAS participants' ability to report 2020 Atlantic salmon catches and status of stocks. There was little or no impact reported for UK (Northern Ireland), Ireland, Iceland, Norway, Sweden and Denmark. In other jurisdictions, stay-at-home orders and travel restrictions affected fishing effort,
Atlantic salmon population monitoring activities and delayed the collection of fisheries statistics.

* Northern NEAC stock complexes, prior to the commencement of distant-water fisheries, were considered to be at full reproductive capacity. The southern NEAC stock complexes were also considered to be at full reproductive capacity in the latest PFA year, although this is due, at least in part, to changes in the UK (Northern Ireland) and UK (Scotland) SERs and CLs.

* Catch advice for the Faroes fishery was developed for the 2021/2022 to 2023/2024 fishing seasons. In the Northern NEAC stock complex, over the forecast period, the non-maturing 1SW component has a high probability (≥95%) of achieving its SER for TACs at Faroes solely for a catch option of ≤20 t in the 2021/2022 season. The maturing 1SW component in the Northern NEAC stock complex and both Southern NEAC stock complex components each have less than 95% probability of achieving their SERs with any TAC option in any of the forecast seasons. Therefore, there are no catch options that ensure a greater than 95% probability of each stock complex achieving its SER.

* The probabilities of the non-maturing 1SW national management units achieving their SERs in 2021/2022 vary between 20% (UK, Northern Ireland) and 99% (Norway) with zero catch allocated for the Faroes fishery and decline with increasing TAC options. The only countries to have a greater than 95% probability of achieving their SERs with catch options for Faroes are Norway (TACs ≤40 t) and UK (England & Wales) (TACs ≤40 t). In most countries, these probabilities are lower in the subsequent two seasons. There are, therefore, no TAC options at which all management units would have a greater than 95% probability of achieving their SERs.

* In the NAC area, the 2020 provisional harvest in Canada was 104 t, approximately 4% higher than the finalised 2019 harvest of 100 t and the third lowest in the time-series since 1960. The majority of harvest fisheries on NAC stocks were directed toward small salmon. In recreational fisheries, large salmon could only be retained on 20 rivers in Québec.

* In 2020, 2SW returns to rivers for all regions of NAC were suffering reduced reproductive capacity, with the exception of the Gulf region in Canada.

* The continued low and declining abundance of salmon stocks across North America, despite significant fishery reductions, strengthens the conclusions that factors acting on survival in the first and second years at sea, at both local and broad ocean scales are constraining abundance of Atlantic salmon.

* In Greenland, a total catch of 31.7 t was reported for 2020 compared to 29.8 t in 2019. Data on continent or region of origin were not available for 2020 due to a lack of available samples.

* At West Greenland there are no mixed-stock fishery catch options for 2021, 2022, or 2023 that would be consistent with a chance of 75% or greater of simultaneously attaining management objectives for the seven stock complexes.

* The two Indicator Frameworks developed previously by the Working Group to be used to check on the status of the NAC and NEAC stocks in the interim years of the multianual catch advice cycle were updated and are available to be used any new multi-year agreements for the fisheries at Greenland and the Faroes, respectively.
## ii Expert group information

<table><thead><tr><td>Expert group name</td><td>Working Group on North Atlantic Salmon (WGNAS)</td></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>Expert group cycle</td><td>Annual</td></tr><tr><td>Year cycle started</td><td>2021</td></tr><tr><td>Reporting year in cycle</td><td>1/1</td></tr><tr><td>Chair</td><td>Dennis Ensing, Northern Ireland, UK</td></tr><tr><td>Meeting venue and dates</td><td>22–31 March 2021, Online meeting (34 participants)</td></tr></tbody></table>
# 1 Introduction

## 1.1 Main tasks

At its 2020 Statutory Meeting, ICES resolved C. Res. 2020/2/FRSG18 that the Working Group on North Atlantic Salmon [WGNAS] (chaired by Dennis Ensing, UK) will meet at the ICES Secretariat 22–31 March 2021. Due to the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) the working group met via web conference to address questions posed to ICES by the North Atlantic Salmon Conservation Organisation (NASCO).

The terms of reference were met.

The sections of the report which provide the answers to the questions posed by NASCO, are identified below:

<table><thead><tr><th>Question</th><th></th><th>Section</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td></td><td>Posed by NASCO</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>1</td><td>With respect to Atlantic salmon in the North Atlantic area:</td><td>Section 2</td></tr><tr><td>1.1</td><td>provide an overview of salmon catches and landings by country, including unreported catches and catch and release, and production of farmed and ranched Atlantic salmon in 2020<sup>1</sup></td><td>2.1, 2.2 and Annex 4</td></tr><tr><td>1.2</td><td>report on significant new or emerging threats to, or opportunities for, salmon conservation and management<sup>2</sup></td><td>2.3</td></tr><tr><td>1.3</td><td>provide a compilation of tag releases by country in 2020;</td><td>2.7</td></tr><tr><td>1.4</td><td>identify relevant data deficiencies, monitoring needs and research requirements;</td><td>Annex 7</td></tr><tr><td>1.5</td><td>review and update the General Considerations section (Annex 2) of the ICES Commissions' advice documents to include 'Environmental and other influences on the stock'.</td><td>Annex 2 Ad- vice Docu- ment</td></tr><tr><td>2</td><td>With respect to Atlantic salmon in the Northeast Atlantic Commission area:</td><td>Section 3</td></tr><tr><td>2.1</td><td>describe the key events of the 2020 fisheries<sup>2</sup>;</td><td>3.1</td></tr><tr><td>2.2</td><td>review and report on the development of age-specific stock conservation limits, including updating the time-series of the number of river stocks with established CLs by jurisdiction; and</td><td>3.2</td></tr><tr><td>2.3</td><td>describe the status of the stocks, including updating the time-series of trends in the number of river stocks meeting CLs by jurisdiction.</td><td>3.3</td></tr><tr><td>2.4</td><td>provide catch options or alternative management advice for the 2021 / 2022 – 2023 / 2024 fishing seasons, with an assessment of risks relative to the objective of exceeding stock con- servation limits, or pre-defined NASCO Management Objectives, and advise on the implica- tions of these options for stock rebuilding<sup>4</sup>; and</td><td>3.5</td></tr><tr><td>2.5</td><td>update the Framework of Indicators used to identify any significant change in the previously provided multi-annual management advice.</td><td>3.6</td></tr></tbody></table>
<table><thead><tr><th>Question</th><th></th><th>Section</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>3</td><td>With respect to Atlantic salmon in the North American Commission area:</td><td>Section 4</td></tr><tr><td>3.1</td><td>describe the key events of the 2020 fisheries (including the fishery at Saint Pierre and Mi-quelon)<sup>2</sup>;</td><td>4.1</td></tr><tr><td>3.2</td><td>update age-specific stock conservation limits based on new information as available, includ- ing updating the time-series of the number of river stocks with established CLs by jurisdic- tion; and</td><td>4.2</td></tr><tr><td>3.3</td><td>describe the status of the stocks, including updating the time-series of trends in the number of river stocks meeting CLs by jurisdiction.</td><td>4.3</td></tr><tr><td>3.4</td><td>provide catch options or alternative management advice for 2021 – 2024 with an assess- ment of risks relative to the objective of exceeding stock conservation limits, or pre-defined NASCO Management Objectives, and advise on the implications of these options for stock rebuilding<sup>4</sup> ; and</td><td>4.4</td></tr><tr><td>3.5</td><td>update the Framework of Indicators used to identify any significant change in the previously provided multi-annual management advice.</td><td>4.5</td></tr><tr><td>4</td><td>With respect to Atlantic salmon in the West Greenland Commission area:</td><td>Section 5</td></tr><tr><td>4.1</td><td>describe the key events of the 2020 fisheries<sup>2</sup>; and</td><td>5.1</td></tr><tr><td>4.2</td><td>describe the status of the stocks<sup>3</sup>.</td><td>5.3</td></tr><tr><td>4.3</td><td>provide catch options or alternative management advice for 2021 – 2023 with an assess- ment of risk relative to the objective of exceeding stock conservation limits, or pre-defined NASCO Management Objectives, and advise on the implications of these options for stock rebuilding<sup>4</sup> ; and</td><td>5.4, 5.8</td></tr><tr><td>4.4</td><td>update the Framework of Indicators used to identify any significant change in the previously provided multi-annual management advice.</td><td>5.9</td></tr></tbody></table>

Notes:

<footnote n="1">¹With regard to question 1.1, for the estimates of unreported catch the information provided should, where possible, indicate the location of the unreported catch in the following categories: in-river; estuarine; and coastal (Section 2.1.1). Numbers of salmon caught and released in recreational fisheries should be provided (Section 2.1.2).</footnote>

<footnote n="2">²With regard to question 1.2, ICES is requested to include reports on any significant advances in understanding of the biology of Atlantic salmon that is pertinent to NASCO, including information on any new research into the migration and distribution of salmon at sea and the potential implications of climate change for salmon management (Sections 2.3.2-2.3.6).</footnote>

<footnote n="3">³In the responses to questions 2.1 (Section 3.1), 3.1 (Section 4.1) and 4.1 (Section 5.1), ICES is asked to provide details of catch, gear, effort, composition and origin of the catch and rates of exploitation. For homewater fisheries, the information provided should indicate the location of the catch in the following categories: in-river; estuarine; and coastal. Information on any other sources of fishing mortality for salmon is also requested. For 4.1, if any new surveys are conducted and reported to ICES, ICES should review the results and advise on the appropriateness for incorporating resulting estimates into the assessment process).</footnote>

<footnote n="4">⁴In response to questions 2.4, 3.4 and 4.3, provide a detailed explanation and critical examination of any changes to the models used to provide catch advice and report on any developments in relation to incorporating environmental variables in these models (Sections 3.5, 3.6, 4.4, 4.5, 5.8). Also provide a detailed explanation and critical examination of any concerns with salmon data collected in 2020 which may affect the catch advice considering the restrictions on data collection programmes and fisheries due to the Covid-19 pandemic (Section 2.3.1).</footnote>

<footnote n="5">⁵In response to question 4.2, ICES is requested to provide a brief summary of the status of North American (Section 5.3.1) and North-East Atlantic (Section 5.3.2) salmon stocks. The detailed information on the status of these stocks should be provided in response to questions 2.3 and 3.3.</footnote>
In response to the Terms of Reference, the Working Group considered 32 Working Documents submitted by participants (Annex 1). Information provided by correspondence by Working Group members unable to participate in the web conference is included in the list of working documents. References cited in the Report are provided in Annex 2, a full address list for the meeting participants is provided in Annex 3 and a complete list of acronyms used within this document is provided in Annex 6.

## 1.2 Participants

<table><thead><tr><td>Member</td><td>Country</td></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>Julien April</td><td>Canada</td></tr><tr><td>Hlynur Bardarson</td><td>Iceland</td></tr><tr><td>Ida Ahlbeck Bergendahl</td><td>Sweden</td></tr><tr><td>Geir H. Bolstad</td><td>Norway</td></tr><tr><td>Cindy Breau</td><td>Canada</td></tr><tr><td>Mathieu Buoro</td><td>France</td></tr><tr><td>Karin Camara</td><td>Germany</td></tr><tr><td>Gérald Chaput</td><td>Canada</td></tr><tr><td>Anne Cooper</td><td>Denmark (ICES)</td></tr><tr><td>Guillaume Dauphin</td><td>Canada</td></tr><tr><td>Dennis Ensing<br>Chair</td><td>UK (Northern Ireland)</td></tr><tr><td>Jaakko Erkinaro</td><td>Finland</td></tr><tr><td>Peder Fiske</td><td>Norway</td></tr><tr><td>Marko Freese</td><td>Germany</td></tr><tr><td>Jonathan Gillson</td><td>UK (England & Wales)</td></tr><tr><td>Stephen Gregory</td><td>UK (England & Wales)</td></tr><tr><td>Nora Hanson</td><td>UK (Scotland)</td></tr><tr><td>Niels Jepsen</td><td>Denmark</td></tr><tr><td>Nicholas Kelly</td><td>Canada</td></tr><tr><td>Wendy Kenyon<br>Observer</td><td>UK (NASCO)</td></tr><tr><td>Hugo Maxwell</td><td>Ireland</td></tr><tr><td>David Meerburg</td><td>Canada</td></tr></tbody></table>
<table><thead><tr><td>Member</td><td>Country</td></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>Michael Millane</td><td>Ireland</td></tr><tr><td>Rasmus Nygaard</td><td>Greenland</td></tr><tr><td>James Ounsley</td><td>UK (Scotland)</td></tr><tr><td>Rémi Patin</td><td>France</td></tr><tr><td>Sergey Prusov</td><td>Russian Federation</td></tr><tr><td>Dustin Raab</td><td>Canada</td></tr><tr><td>Etienne Rivot</td><td>France</td></tr><tr><td>Martha Robertson</td><td>Canada</td></tr><tr><td>Timothy Sheehan</td><td>USA</td></tr><tr><td>Ross Tallman</td><td>Canada</td></tr><tr><td>Alan Walker</td><td>UK (England & Wales)</td></tr><tr><td>Vidar Wennevik</td><td>Norway</td></tr></tbody></table>

## 1.3 Management framework for salmon in the North Atlantic

The advice generated by ICES in response to the Terms of Reference posed by the North Atlantic Salmon Conservation Organisation (NASCO), is pursuant to NASCO's role in international management of salmon. NASCO was set up in 1984 by international convention (the Convention for the Conservation of Salmon in the North Atlantic Ocean), with a responsibility for the conservation, restoration, enhancement, and rational management of wild salmon in the North Atlantic. While sovereign states retain their role in the regulation of salmon fisheries for salmon originating in their own rivers, distant water salmon fisheries, such as those at Greenland and Faroes, which take salmon originating in rivers of another Party are regulated by NASCO under the terms of the Convention. NASCO now has six Parties that are signatories to the Convention, including the EU which represents its Member States.

NASCO discharges these responsibilities *via* three Commission areas shown below:
<figure><img src="image_5.png" /></figure>

## 1.4 Management objectives

NASCO has identified the primary management objective of that organisation as:

> "To contribute through consultation and cooperation to the conservation, restoration, enhancement and rational management of salmon stocks taking into account the best scientific advice available".

NASCO further stated that "the Agreement on the Adoption of a Precautionary Approach states that an objective for the management of salmon fisheries is to provide the diversity and abundance of salmon stocks" and NASCO's Standing Committee on the Precautionary Approach interpreted this as being "to maintain both the productive capacity and diversity of salmon stocks" (NASCO, 1998).

NASCO's Action Plan for Application of the Precautionary Approach (NASCO, 1999) provides interpretation of how this is to be achieved, as follows:

* "Management measures should be aimed at maintaining all stocks above their conservation limits by the use of management targets".

* "Socio-economic factors could be taken into account in applying the Precautionary Approach to fisheries management issues".

* "The precautionary approach is an integrated approach that requires, inter alia, that stock rebuilding programmes (including, as appropriate, habitat improvements, stock enhancement, and fishery management actions) be developed for stocks that are below conservation limits".

## 1.5 Reference points and application of precaution

Conservation limits (CLs) for North Atlantic salmon stock complexes have been defined as the level of stock (number of spawners) that will achieve long-term average maximum sustainable
yield (MSY). In many regions of North America, the CLs are calculated as the number of spawn-
ers required to fully seed the wetted area of the river. The definition of conservation in Canada
varies by region and in some areas, historically, the values used were equivalent to maximizing/
optimizing freshwater production. These are used in Canada as limit reference points and they
do not correspond to MSY values. Reference points for Atlantic salmon are currently being re-
viewed for conformity with the Precautionary Approach policy in Canada. Revised reference
points are expected to be developed. In some regions of Europe, pseudo stock-recruitment ob-
servations are used to calculate a hockey-stick relationship, with the inflection point defining the
CLs. In the remaining regions, the CLs are calculated as the number of spawners that will achieve
long-term average MSY, as derived from the adult-to-adult stock and recruitment relationship
(Ricker, 1975; ICES, 1993). NASCO has adopted the region-specific CLs (NASCO, 1998). These
CLs are limit reference points (Slim); having populations fall below these limits should be avoided
with high probability.

Atlantic salmon has characteristics of short-lived fish stocks; mature abundance is sensitive to annual recruitment because there are only a few age groups in the adult spawning stock. Incoming recruitment is often the main component of the fishable stock. For such fish stocks, the ICES MSY approach is aimed at achieving a target escapement (MSY Bescapement, the amount of biomass left to spawn). No catch should be allowed unless this escapement can be achieved. The escapement level should be set so there is a low risk of future recruitment being impaired, similar to the basis for estimating Bpa in the precautionary approach. In short-lived stocks, where most of the annual surplus production is from recruitment (not growth), MSY Bescapement and Bpa might be expected to be similar.

It should be noted that this is equivalent to the ICES precautionary target reference points (S<sub>pa</sub>). Therefore, stocks are regarded by ICES as being at full reproductive capacity only if they are above the precautionary target reference point. This approach parallels the use of precautionary reference points used for the provision of catch advice for other fish stocks in the ICES area.

Management targets have not yet been defined for all North Atlantic salmon stocks. When these
have been defined, they will play an important role in ICES advice.

For the assessment of the status of stocks and advice on management of national components
and geographical groupings of the stock complexes in the NEAC area, where there are no specific
management objectives:

* ICES requires that the lower bound of the confidence interval of the current estimate of spawners is above the CL for the stock to be considered at full reproductive capacity.

* When the lower bound of the confidence limit is below the CL, but the midpoint is above, then ICES considers the stock to be at risk of suffering reduced reproductive capacity.

* Finally, when the midpoint is below the CL, ICES considers the stock to be suffering reduced reproductive capacity.

For catch advice on fish exploited at West Greenland (non-maturing 1SW fish from North America and non-maturing 1SW fish from Southern NEAC), ICES has adopted, a risk level of 75% of simultaneous attainment of management objectives (ICES, 2003) as part of an management plan agreed by NASCO. ICES applies the same level of risk aversion for catch advice for homewater fisheries on the North American stock complex.

NASCO has not formally agreed a management plan for the fishery at Faroes. However, the Working Group has developed a risk-based framework for providing catch advice for fish exploited in this fishery (mainly MSW fish from NEAC countries). Catch advice is currently provided at both the stock complex and country level (for NEAC stocks only) and catch options tables provide both individual probabilities and the probability of simultaneous attainment of
meeting proposed management objectives for both. ICES has recommended (ICES, 2013) that management decisions should be based principally on a 95% probability of attainment of CLs in each stock complex/ country individually. The simultaneous attainment probability may also be used as a guide, but managers should be aware that this will generally be quite low when large numbers of management units are used.
# 2 Atlantic salmon in the North Atlantic area

## 2.1 Catches of North Atlantic salmon

### 2.1.1 Nominal catches of salmon

The nominal catch of a fishery is defined as the round, fresh weight of fish that are caught and retained, and reported. Total nominal catches of salmon reported by country in all fisheries for 1960–2020 are given in Table 2.1.1.1. Catch statistics in the North Atlantic also include fish-farm escapees and, in some Northeast Atlantic countries, ranched fish (see Section 2.2.2). Catch and release has become increasingly commonplace in some countries, but these fish do not appear in the nominal catches (see Section 2.1.2).

Icelandic catches have traditionally been split into two categories, wild and ranched, reflecting the fact that Iceland has been the main North Atlantic country where large-scale ranching has been undertaken with the specific intention of harvesting all returns at the release site and with no prospect of wild spawning success. The release of smolts for commercial ranching purposes ceased in Iceland in 1998, but ranching for rod fisheries in two Icelandic rivers continued into 2020 (Table 2.1.1.1). Catches in Sweden have also now been split between wild and ranched categories over the entire time-series. The latter fish represent adult salmon which have originated from hatchery-reared smolts, and which have been released under programmes to mitigate for hydropower development schemes. These fish are also exploited very heavily in homewaters and have no possibility of spawning naturally in the wild. While ranching does occur in some other countries, this is on a much smaller scale. Some of these operations are experimental and at others harvesting does not occur solely at the release site. The ranched component in these countries has therefore been included in the nominal catch.

Figure 2.1.1.1 shows the total reported nominal catch of salmon grouped by the following areas: 'Northern Europe' (Norway, Russia, Finland, Iceland, Sweden and Denmark); 'Southern Europe' (Ireland, UK (Scotland), UK (England & Wales), UK (Northern Ireland), France and Spain); 'North America' (Canada, USA and St Pierre et Miquelon (France)); and 'Greenland and Faroes'.

The provisional total nominal catch for 2020 was 915 t, 30 t above the updated catch for 2019 (885 t) but 197 and 346 t below the previous five- and ten-year means, respectively. Catches in the majority of countries/jurisdictions were below the previous five- and ten-year means and were the lowest in the time-series (1960 to 2020) in Finland, UK (England & Wales) and UK (Northern Ireland) (Table 2.1.1.1).

Nominal catches (weight only) in homewater fisheries were split, where available, by sea-age or size category (Table 2.1.1.2). The data for 2020 are provisional and, as in Table 2.1.1.1, include both wild and reared salmon and fish-farm escapees in some countries. A more detailed breakdown, providing both numbers and weight for different sea-age groups for most countries, is provided in Annex 4. Countries use different methods to partition their catches by sea-age class (outlined in the footnotes to Annex 4). The composition of catches in different areas is discussed in more detail in Sections 3, 4, and 5.

ICES recognises that mixed-stock fisheries present particular threats to stock status (ICES, 2019). These fisheries predominantly operate in coastal areas and NASCO specifically requests that the nominal catches in homewater fisheries be partitioned according to whether the catch is taken in coastal, estuarine or riverine areas. Figure 2.1.1.2 presents these data on a country-by-country basis. It should be noted, however, that the way in which the nominal catch is partitioned among
categories varies between countries, particularly for estuarine and coastal fisheries. For example, in some countries these catches are split according to particular gear types whereas in other countries the split is based on whether fisheries operate inside or outside of headlands. While it is generally easier to allocate the freshwater (riverine) component of the catch, it should also be noted that catch and release (C&R) is now in widespread use in many countries (Section 2.1.2) and these fish are excluded from the nominal catch. Noting these caveats, these data are considered to provide the best available indication of catch in these different fishery areas. Figure 2.1.1.2 shows that there is considerable variability in the distribution of the catch among individual countries. There have been no coastal fisheries in Iceland, Spain, or Denmark throughout the time series. Coastal fisheries ceased in Ireland in 2007 and no fishing has occurred in coastal waters of UK (Northern Ireland) since 2012, in UK (Scotland) since 2016, or in the UK (England & Wales) since 2019 (England) and 2020 (Wales). In most countries in recent years, the majority of the catch has been taken in rivers and estuaries.

Coastal, estuarine and in-river catch data for the period 2009 to 2020 aggregated by region are presented in Figure 2.1.1.3 and the whole time-series are presented in Table 2.1.1.3.

In the Northern NEAC area, catches in coastal fisheries have declined from 306 t in 2009 to 231 t in 2020, and in-river catches have declined from 594 t in 2009 and 454 t in 2020. At the beginning of the time-series about half the catch was taken in coastal waters and half in rivers, whereas since 2008 the coastal catch represents around 30%–40% of the total.

In the Southern NEAC area, catches in coastal and estuarine fisheries have declined over the period. While coastal and estuarine fisheries have historically made up the largest component of the catch, coastal fisheries dropped sharply in 2007 (from 306 t in 2006 to 71 t in 2007) and remained at lower levels to 2018: there have been no coastal catches since 2019. Estuarine fisheries have also declined, from 48 t in 2007 to 23 t in 2020. The reduction in more recent years in coastal and estuarine fisheries reflects widespread measures to reduce exploitation in a number of countries. At the beginning of the time-series about half the catch was taken in coastal waters and one third in rivers. In 2020, about one quarter of the catch was from estuarine fisheries and three quarters from in-river fisheries.

In North America, the total catch has been fluctuating between 80 and 182 t over the period 2009 to 2020. Around two thirds of the total catch in this area has been taken by in-river fisheries, although it was about half since 2018. The estuarine catch has fluctuated between about 25 and 44%. The catch in coastal fisheries has been about 10% of the catch each year and relatively small in any year with the biggest catch taken in 2013 and 2017 (13 t in both years).

In Greenland, the total coastal catch increased steadily from 25 t in 2007 to 57 t in 2015, and has since fluctuated between 28 and 40 t. A small number of salmon have been caught in the estuary near the Kapisillit River (in 2019, 19 salmon, total weight 81 kg; in 2020 no catch reported). Genetic studies have shown this river stock is very isolated from other stocks in the North Atlantic but is an outgroup of the NEAC phylogenetic group, and salmon caught in the estuary were exclusively from the Kapisillit River (Krohn 2013 unpublished; Arnekleiv *et al.*, 2019).

## 2.1.2 Catch and release

The practice of catch and release in rod fisheries has become increasingly common. This has occurred in part as a consequence of salmon management measures aimed at conserving stocks while maintaining opportunities for recreational fisheries, but also reflects increasing voluntary release of fish by anglers. In some areas of Canada and USA, the mandatory release of large (MSW) salmon has been in place since 1984. Since the beginning of the 1990s, it has also been widely used in many European countries.
The nominal catches presented in Section 2.1.1 do not include salmon that have been caught and released. Table 2.1.2.1 presents catch and release information from 1991 to 2020 for countries that have records. Catch and release may also be practised in other countries while not being formally recorded or where figures are only recently available. There are large differences in the percentage of the total rod catch that is released: in 2020 this ranged from 16% in Sweden, to 93% in UK (England & Wales) reflecting varying management practices and angler attitudes among these countries. There are no restrictions on the total numbers of fish that may be caught and released in most countries. For all countries, the percentage of fish released has tended to increase over time. There is also evidence from some countries that larger MSW fish are released in greater proportions than smaller fish. Overall, over 196 000 salmon were reported to have been released from rod fisheries around the North Atlantic in 2020, 6% above the previous five-year mean (around 185 000).

Catch and release is also practised in some commercial net fisheries, for example in UK (England & Wales) and UK (Scotland), where gears that previously targeted and retained salmon and sea trout, and kept the fish alive until retrieval, are now only allowed to retain sea trout and must release any salmon alive.

Summary information on how catch and release levels are incorporated into national assessments was provided to ICES in 2010 (ICES, 2010).

## 2.1.3 Unreported catches

Unreported catches by year (1987 to 2020) and Commission Area are presented in Table 2.1.3.1 and are presented relative to the total nominal catch in Figure 2.1.3.1. A description of the methods used to derive the unreported catches was provided in ICES (2000) and updated for the NEAC Region in ICES (2002). Detailed reports from different countries were also submitted to NASCO in 2007 in support of a special session on this issue. There have been no estimates of unreported catch for Russia since 2008, for Canada in 2007 and 2008, and for France since 2016. The unreported catches for Canada for 2009, 2010 and 2019 were incomplete. There are also no estimates of unreported catch for Spain and Saint Pierre and Miquelon (France), where total catches are typically small.

In general, the methods used by each country to derive estimates of unreported catch have remained relatively unchanged and thus comparisons over time may be appropriate (see Stock Annex). However, the estimation procedures vary markedly between countries. For example, some countries include only illegally caught fish in the unreported catch, while other countries include estimates of unreported catch by legal gear as well as illegal catches in their estimates. Over recent years, efforts have been made to reduce the level of unreported catch in a number of countries (e.g. through improved reporting procedures and the introduction of carcase tagging and logbook schemes).

The total unreported catch in NASCO areas in 2020 was estimated to be 276 t. The unreported catch in the NEAC area in 2020 was estimated at 239 t, and those for West Greenland and the NAC area at 10 t and 27 t, respectively. The 2020 unreported catch by country is provided in Table 2.1.3.2. It is not possible to fully partition the unreported catches into coastal, estuarine and in-river areas.

Summary information on how unreported catches are incorporated into national and international assessments was provided to ICES in 2010 (ICES, 2010).
## 2.2 Farming and sea ranching of Atlantic salmon

### 2.2.1 Production of farmed Atlantic salmon

The provisional estimate of farmed Atlantic salmon production in the North Atlantic area for 2020 is 1821 kt, which is an increase on the production for 2019 (1771 kt) and the previous five-year mean (1627 kt). The production of farmed Atlantic salmon in this area has been over one million tonnes since 2009 (Table 2.2.1.1 and Figure 2.2.1.1). Norway and UK (Scotland) continue to produce the majority of the farmed salmon in the North Atlantic (77% and 11% respectively). Spain reported production of farmed salmon to the Working Group for the first time in 2019, with a time-series from 2015 (2018 no data): production in 2019 was 12 t and the maximum was 25 t in 2017 (Table 2.2.1.1) – no data were reported for 2020. Farmed salmon production in 2020 was above the previous five-year mean in all countries with the exception of Ireland. Data for UK (Northern Ireland) since 2001 and data for east coast USA since 2012 are not reported to ICES, as the data are not publicly available. This is also the case for some regions within countries in some years.

Worldwide production of farmed Atlantic salmon has been over one million tonnes since 2001 and has been over two million tonnes since 2012. It is difficult to source reliable production figures for all countries outside the North Atlantic area and it has been necessary to use 2018 data from the FAO Fisheries and Aquaculture Department database for some countries in deriving a worldwide estimate for 2020. The total worldwide production in 2020 is provisionally estimated at around 2638 kt (Table 2.2.1.1 and Figure 2.2.1.1), which is higher than in 2019 (2583 kt) and the previous five-year mean (2394 kt). Production of farmed Atlantic salmon outside the North Atlantic is estimated to have accounted for one third of the worldwide total in 2020 and is still dominated by Chile (81%). Atlantic salmon are being produced in land-based and closed containment facilities around the world and the figures provided in Table 2.2.1.1 may not include all countries where such production is occurring.

The worldwide production of farmed Atlantic salmon in 2020 was almost 3000 times the reported nominal catch of Atlantic salmon in the North Atlantic.

### 2.2.2 Harvest of ranched Atlantic salmon

Ranching has been defined as the production of salmon through smolt releases with the intent of harvesting the total population that returns to freshwater (harvesting can include fish collected for brood stock) (ICES, 1994). The release of smolts for commercial ranching purposes ceased in Iceland in 1998, but ranching with the specific intention of harvesting by rod fisheries has been practised in two Icelandic rivers since 1990 and these data are now included in the ranched catch (Table 2.1.1.1). A similar approach has been adopted, over the available time-series, for one river in Sweden (River Lagan). These hatchery-origin smolts are released under programmes to mitigate for hydropower development schemes with no possibility of spawning naturally in the wild. These have therefore also been designated as ranched fish and are included in Figure 2.2.2.1. In Ireland, ranching is currently only carried out in two salmon rivers under limited experimental conditions. In 2020, a catch of 524 fish was reported on the Gudenå River in Denmark where the majority of fish are believed to be of ranched origin.

The total harvest of ranched Atlantic salmon in countries bordering the North Atlantic in 2020 was 39 t (Iceland, Ireland and Sweden; Table 2.2.2.1; Figure 2.2.2.1) with the majority of catch taken in Iceland (28 t). The total harvest was 11% above the previous five-year mean (35 t). No estimate of ranched salmon production was made in UK (Northern Ireland) where the
proportion of ranched fish was not assessed between 2008 and 2020 due to a lack of coded-wire-
tag (CWT; microtags) returns.

## 2.3 NASCO has asked ICES to report on significant, new or emerging threats to, or opportunities for, salmon conservation and management

This section answers question 1.2 of the ToRs, providing updates with regard to understanding of diseases and parasites, lamprey predation on smolts, performance of fishery sampling program(me)s, pink salmon, and studies relating to the reintroductions of Atlantic salmon in the River Rhine.

The WGNAS did not review any recent information on research into the migration and distribu-
tion of salmon at sea, or the potential implications of climate change for salmon management.

### 2.3.1 Impacts of COVID-19

The impact of the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic was not consistent among jurisdictions with respect to Atlantic salmon fisheries and ICES WGNAS participants' ability to report 2020 Atlantic salmon catches and status of stocks. There was little or no impact reported for UK (Northern Ireland), Ireland, Iceland, Norway, Sweden and Denmark. In other jurisdictions, stay-at-home orders and travel restrictions affected fishing effort, Atlantic salmon population monitoring activities and delayed the collection of fisheries statistics. Specific details are provided within relevant sections (3, 4, 5) where appropriate. Notable impacts by jurisdiction were generally outlined as follows:

* NEAC

* France

* Recreational fishing was not permitted under stay-at-home orders, however professional fishing was not restricted.

* Population monitoring activities were not, or only partially, operational during the spring which would affect the estimate of smolt abundance and MSW returns.

* UK (England & Wales)

* Recreational fishing was restricted under stay-at-home orders for some months of the rod angling season (March to June in England, and March to July in Wales).

* Commercial fishing was not restricted.

* Most adult salmon monitoring activities were conducted as usual, but no juvenile monitoring was possible.

* UK (Scotland)

* Recreational fishing was restricted under stay-at-home orders for some months of the rod angling season (March, April, May, June and November). This resulted in reduced fishing effort and catch compared to previous years.

* River-specific abundance estimates for Scotland are mainly derived from monthly reported rod catches. To mitigate against an underestimate of abundance as a result of COVID-19-reduced effort, an 'expected-catch' was estimated for the relevant months. These expected-catch estimates were used as the input in the abundance modelling process.
* Collection of fishery statistics were delayed but were collated in time for ICES WGNAS. These data had not yet been published by the Scottish Government (expected 26 May). As an interim measure, 2019 catch statistics were provided for publication in the ICES WGNAS report. However, the 2020 data were used for stock assessment analyses within the run-reconstruction PFA and forecast models.

* NAC

* Quebec

* Total numbers of recreational fishing days were similar to previous years. However, effort increased in the south and decreased in the north where outfitting camps were closed due to COVID-19 restrictions.

* Total number of licences sold was also similar to previous years. However, there was a record high number of resident licences sold and a record low for non-resident licences (85% less than the previous five year mean).

* Population monitoring activities were not affected.

* Maritimes

* Population monitoring activities were limited and the status of some stocks could not be reported to ICES WGNAS.

* Gulf

* Population monitoring was affected. There was no smolt monitoring and several adult monitoring activities were not operated.

* Newfoundland and Labrador

* Population monitoring activities were affected. There was no smolt monitoring and many adult monitoring activities were delayed or not operated.

* 2020 recreational catch data were not available for ICES WGNAS due to delays in data collection and synthesis. 2019 recreational catch data were used as the 2020 provisional catch.

* USA

* Population monitoring activities were affected. There was no smolt monitoring but adult monitoring was unaffected.

* West Greenland Sampling Programme

* The International Sampling Programme was significantly impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic. Given travel restrictions associated with the pandemic, international samplers were unable to travel to Greenland to collect biological characteristics data, scale samples for age determination and tissue samples for genetic origin analyses. These data are important inputs to account for fishery removals within the NAC and NEAC assessment models. A Contingency Sampling Programme was implemented as an alternate approach that relied on domestic efforts to collect the required samples and data (see Section 5.2). Delays in domestic shipping within Greenland affected the delivery of sampling kits to the Municipality Offices and office closures limited the ability of individual fishers to obtain kits. These factors resulted in a small number of samples being collected. Samples collected in 2020 were not received in time to be processed for the ICES WGNAS meeting but will be processed and made available in 2022.

## 2.3.2 Diseases and Parasites

### 2.3.2.1 Project for Nordic cooperation on salmon health

The Working Group reviewed reports of further disease outbreaks in Nordic countries, in the Atlantic Ocean as well as in the Baltic Sea. The health problems, with clinical signs like
haemorrhage, erosions, and ulcerative/necrotic skin conditions in returning adults, were recently defined as the Red Skin Disease (RSD, Weichert *et al.*, 2021). However, the cause for RSD is still unknown.

The Fisheries Co-operation of the Nordic Council of Ministers, funded a new project regarding salmon health that was initiated in January 2021. To facilitate the exchange of expertise and infrastructure and highlight the collaborative possibilities across the Nordic countries, this project includes networking activities and a joint research study. In the study, the associations between gene expression and pathology with regards to RSD will be investigated. In addition, biomarkers will be developed that are suitable for non-lethal sampling and potential monitoring of RSD.

Sampling for this study will take place during the spring/summer of 2021 in seven rivers in Sweden, Finland, Norway, and Denmark, where fish with RSD symptoms have been observed. Sampling will also be conducted in one Norwegian river without reports of RSD. From each river, the aim is to collect ten sick and ten healthy fish for pathological studies as well as gene expression and biomarkers.

Researchers presented the project plans to the WGNAS and got valuable feedback and relevant contact information to expand the network and potential scope of the study. Please contact Elin Dahlgren (elin.dahlgren@slu.se) or Lo Persson (lo.persson@slu.se) at the Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), Sweden, for involvement and/or further information regarding this project.

### 2.3.2.2 Update on Red Skin Disease

Various surveillance programmes and awareness-raising campaigns for reporting of RSD have been established or continued in 2020. As in 2019, several European countries reported Atlantic salmon returning to rivers with RSD in 2020 during late spring into summer. While the majority of recorded cases in Ireland are observed in 1SW salmon, this is not the case elsewhere in Europe (notably UK (Scotland) and northern European countries) where RSD is principally observed in MSW stocks. This may be a consequence of the Irish stocks being predominantly 1SW. RSD was not reported in Greenland, Canada or the USA.

## 2.3.3 Lamprey effects on Atlantic salmon smolts

In 2020, a study on smolts in the River Lower Bann in UK (Northern Ireland) by Kennedy *et al.* (2020) showed a high number of smolts damaged by river lamprey (*Lampetra fluviatilis*). This anadromous lamprey species has a landlocked form endemic to Lough Neagh, the large lake in the River Bann system. It is known that these lamprey parasitise on the trout (*S. trutta*) and pollan (*Coregonus pollan*) stocks in Lough Neagh. Parasitisation on salmon smolts had not been observed before, even though it was expected to occur at low levels. What was unique about the observation made in 2020 was the high number of smolts affected, with an estimated 24% (of 470 smolts) heavily damaged making survival in the marine phase extremely unlikely. This is expected to have a strong negative effect on adult salmon recruitment in 2021 (1SW) and 2022 (2SW) for rivers flowing into Lough Neagh.

The causes of this are probably associated with the low flows during the smolt migration which held up smolts in Lough Neagh, restricting migration through the River Lower Bann towards the sea. This large aggregation of smolts in the northern part of the lough probably attracted lampreys in large numbers, causing the large number of smolts with lamprey damage.
### 2.3.4 Performance of fishery sampling programmes to estimate catches of low proportions of non-local origin salmon in mixed-stock fisheries

Fisheries for Atlantic salmon that occur at sea, along the coast, and in some cases in estuaries, have the potential to exploit salmon of non-local origin. In eastern Canada, subsistence fisheries by Indigenous peoples and Labrador residents using gillnets are presently conducted close to the communities, in deep bays and along the coast away from the headlands, and interception of non-local stocks of salmon remains an issue. Particular concern has been expressed regarding the interception of USA origin salmon in the Labrador fisheries because of the low abundance and endangered population status of salmon in the eastern USA. The detection of USA origin salmon in the samples from the Labrador fishery is a rare event. Genetic analyses of samples using microsatellites initially, and Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNPs) since 2017, have assigned a total of six out of more than 6000 samples to the USA reporting group over the 14 years of sampling, 2006 to 2020.

ICES (2020) had commented on the lower sampling rates (% of catch sampled) for the Labrador subsistence fishery (4% of 12 858 fish in 2019) compared to the efforts in the West Greenland (11% of 9800 fish in 2019) and the Saint Pierre and Miquelon (13% of 509 fish in 2019) fisheries and recommended improved catch statistics and sampling of all aspects of the fisheries across the fishing season to improve the information on biological characteristics and stock origin of salmon harvested in these mixed-stock fisheries.

The performance of sampling programmes was examined by simulation of catches, varying proportions of non-local origin salmon, and varying sampling rates. Bias (estimated catch relative to true catch) and precision (coefficient of variation) are described. Only two types (local, non-local) of fish in the fishery were considered with the non-local origin group comprising very low proportions of the total pool of fish available to harvest, as is assumed the case for USA origin salmon in the Labrador fishery.

#### Fishery and sampling processes

The number of non-local origin fish harvested in the fishery ($C_{nl}$) depends upon the proportion ($p_{nl}$) that non-local origin fish comprise of the pool of fish exposed to the fishery and the total harvest of fish ($C_T$).

$$C_{nl} = C_T * p_{nl} \qquad (1)$$

The true catch of local-origin fish ($C_l$) is ($C_T - C_{nl}$). When the proportion that non-local origin fish comprise of the total pool of fish being exploited is small, the number of non-local origin salmon harvested can be quite small as well (Figure 2.3.4.1).

It is usually not possible to sample every fish that is harvested to identify its region of origin. Hence estimates of the total harvests of fish of each group are made from samples of the harvest. The number of samples collected and processed ($S_T$) is defined by the proportion of the catch sampled ($p_{sample}$) and the total catch ($C_T$):

$$S_T = C_T * p_{sample} \qquad (2)$$

The number of non-local origin fish in the sample ($\hat{S}_{nl}$) is modelled as a hypergeometric process conditional on the catches of non-local origin fish ($C_{nl}$), the catch of local-origin fish ($C_l$), and the total samples drawn ($S_T$):

$$\hat{S}_{nl} | C_{nl}, C_l, S_T \sim \text{HyperGeom}(C_{nl}, C_l, S_T) \qquad (3)$$
We assume that the identification of a fish sample to reporting group is 100% accurate. The occurrence of a non-local origin fish sample can frequently be zero when the proportion non-local origin fish is low, the catch is low, and the sampling proportion is low (Figure 2.3.4.2).

The catch of non-local origin fish in the fishery ($C_{nl}$) depends on the estimation of the proportion non-local origin fish in the fishery catches, conditional on the samples ($\hat{S}_{nl}$). The estimated proportion non-local origin fish ($\hat{p}_{nl}$) is modelled dependent on the realised attribution of the origin of the samples as:

$$ \hat{S}_{nl} | \hat{p}_{nl}, S_T \sim \text{Bin}(\hat{p}_{nl}, S_T) \qquad (4) $$

The estimated catch of non-local origin fish ($\hat{C}_{nl}$) is calculated from the posterior distribution of $\hat{p}_{nl}$ applied to the total catch:

$$ \hat{C}_{nl} = \hat{p}_{nl} * C_T \qquad (5) $$

## Estimation of catch of non-local origin fish

The estimate of the catch of non-local origin fish based on samples of the fishery catches is positively biased relative to the “true” realised catch of non-local origin fish in almost all instances regardless of sampling rate (Figure 2.3.4.3). The bias is very large when catches are small, the proportion non-local origin fish in the pool is small, and the sampling intensity is low. Higher sampling rates or higher proportions of non-local origin fish in the fishery are required to provide an essentially unbiased estimate of the catch of non-local origin fish.

The coefficient of variation of the estimated catches is very high (> 50%), regardless of sampling intensity, when the percentage of non-local origin fish in the pool exploited is less than 0.2% (Figure 2.3.4.4). Sampling rates of 4% of the catch would provide estimates of catch with a CV < 50% when catch is large (15 000 fish) and the percentage non-local origin fish is 1% (or more). It is difficult to attain estimates of catch of non-local origin with a CV < 50% when catches are low or proportion non-local origin is low even at sampling rates of 20% of the catch.

## Labrador Sampling Programme Context

Over the period 2015 to 2020, the sampling rate of the Labrador subsistence food fishery has ranged from 3.4% to 8.4% for size groups combined, and 2.5% to 4.7% for large salmon specifically (Table 2.3.4.1). Based on samples from all size groups, the estimated catch (median) of USA origin salmon ranged from eight fish (5th to 95th percentile range 1 to 36) in 2020 to 80 fish (5th to 95th percentile range 25 to 190) in 2017 (Figure 2.3.4.5). Considering only the large salmon size group from which the USA origin salmon were identified in 2017, the estimated catch varies from 15 fish (5th to 95th percentile range 1 to 53) in 2015 to 71 fish (5th to 95th percentile range 22 to 164) in 2017 (Figure 2.3.4.5). The coefficients of variation of the estimated catches of USA origin are very high, from 56% to 100%.

The estimated proportions of USA fish in the catch of all sizes, and hence in the pool of fish to be exploited, range from 0.09% (median, 5th to 95th percentile range 0.01% to 0.41%) in 2015 to 0.60% (0.19% to 1.44%) in 2017 (Figure 2.3.4.5). In the large salmon size group only, the estimated proportions USA fish range from 0.13% (0.01% to 0.62%) in 2018 to 1.73% (0.53% to 4.02%) in 2017 (Figure 2.3.4.5).

Based on the estimated proportions of USA origin fish from sampling (> 0.1% for all sizes; ~ 0.5% for large salmon only), we would expect the estimates of catches to be positively biased relative to true catches for the realised sampling rates of 3% to 5% (see Table 2.3.4.1 and Figures 2.3.4.3) and to have high uncertainty (Figure 2.3.4.4).
**Conclusions**

It is a challenging task to estimate occurrences of rare events as in the case of USA origin fish in the Labrador subsistence fishery catches. Positively biased and imprecise estimates of catches of USA origin salmon are obtained from the current realised sampling rates of 2% to 4% of the catch and with the percentage of non-local origin salmon in the fishery of 0.1% to 0.5%.

Informative values of the proportions USA origin salmon in the pool of fish potentially exploited at Labrador could be inferred from the estimates of returns of salmon to Labrador rivers and the corresponding returns to rivers in USA, and specifically for large salmon. During 2015 to 2019, returns of large salmon to rivers in the USA were 392 to 1137 fish, compared to returns to Labrador of large salmon of 27 140 to 88 860 fish; equivalent to 0.54% in 2016 to 4.0% in 2019 (ICES, 2020) of combined USA and Labrador. However, because of the timing of the Labrador fishery (begins in mid-June and extends into September) and the returns of salmon to rivers in USA (beginning in May and well advanced by late June), a large proportion of USA origin salmon would not be in the Labrador area at the time of the fishery and the proportion of the expected catch comprised of USA origin salmon would be much less than inferred from returns. Considering this and the estimated proportions from samples, the USA origin fish are concluded to comprise a small proportion (< 1%) of the potential pool of fish exploited at Labrador.

In the absence of sampling and analysing every fish caught for origin, the posterior distribution of estimated catch of USA origin fish will always include values greater than zero. Recognising that rare events are difficult to estimate from sampling, the choice of sampling design is perhaps better considered by posing the question of how much catch of USA origin fish in the Labrador fishery, or any non-local origin salmon in mixed-stock fisheries, represents an unacceptable loss to the population. A catch of ten USA origin large salmon in the Labrador fishery represents a loss of 1% of the average returns of 2SW salmon to rivers in USA during 2015 to 2019, whereas a catch of 50 salmon represents a loss of 5% of returns.

A sampling rate of at least 10% of the fishery catches in Labrador would be required to achieve a relatively unbiased estimate of the catch of USA origin salmon with a coefficient of variation < 50% under current fisheries catches and estimated proportions USA origin salmon in the pool of fish exploited.

This scenario analysis was done using two groups of fish, local and non-local origin. The diversity of Atlantic salmon in eastern Canada can be resolved to 21 reporting groups (Bradbury *et al.*, 2021; ICES, 2020). Based on genetic analyses, it was concluded that 95% to 97% of the catch of salmon in the Labrador fishery assigned to the Labrador reporting groups (Bradbury *et al.*, 2015; ICES, 2019; 2020). In 2020, samples were assigned to nine reporting groups, with > 0.80 probability of assignment, including three groups from Labrador (97% of the 679 samples) and six other groups but no samples were assigned to USA origin salmon. Using a multinomial model, the estimated catch of USA origin salmon in 2020 based on samples and catches from all size groups was eight fish (median, 5th to 95th percentile range one to 36 fish), identical to the previous analysis based on local and non-local groups only. This indicates that the scenario analyses conducted for two groups would also apply in the case of multiple reporting groups when estimating catches for reporting groups that are at a low relative abundance in the fishery.

### 2.3.5 Research projects on pink salmon in the northern border rivers between Finland and Norway

The unprecedented pink salmon (*Oncorhynchus gorbuscha*) occurrence across the North Atlantic area in 2017 and 2019 was also evident in the rivers Teno (Tana in Norwegian) and Näätämöjoki (Neidenelva in Norwegian), two major Atlantic salmon rivers in the northernmost Finland and
Norway. The recent odd year abundances of pink salmon in these rivers provide the basis to expect substantial runs also in 2021 and 2023.

A research project on pink salmon, funded by the Finnish Ministry of Foreign Affairs, is planned for 2021. A central part of this project is telemetry tracking of pink salmon ascending the Teno river that will be run in close collaboration with the Norwegian Institute of Nature Research (NINA) and local fisheries organisations. Pink salmon migration in this large river system will be studied, examining timing, migration speed and ascendance to tributaries, and especially the occurrence and behaviour of pink salmon at spawning areas of Atlantic salmon in different parts of the catchment. Pink salmon will be also sampled for possible pathogens and parasites, and analysis will be done by the Finnish Food Authority. Samples of eDNA will be collected across different tributaries of the Teno (in collaboration with NINA) to further detect the occurrence of pink salmon in different parts of the large river system. Pink salmon will have a special focus at all monitoring sites in tributaries where Atlantic salmon runs and spawning populations are monitored using sonars, video cameras and snorkelling.

A second project on pink salmon has been planned for 2022–2023, and a proposal for funding has been submitted in spring 2021. The plan is to run a similar tracking project on pink salmon in 2023, but this time in the River Näätämöjoki. Collaboration and networking will be further developed between Finland, Norway and Russia, especially with regards to the Barents Sea area, their Atlantic salmon populations and the future scenarios of impacts by pink salmon and possible mitigation measures. In addition, an update of the distribution of another alien species, bullhead (*Cottus gobio*), in the Teno river system will be carried out in 2022.

### 2.3.6 Studies relating to the reintroduction of Atlantic salmon in the River Rhine, Germany

The German project "GeMoLaR" started in 2020 (duration: 2020-2024, website: https://www.gemolar.fish) as part of the international coordinated genetic monitoring of reintroduced Atlantic salmon in the whole Rhine area. The project is funded by the Federal Ministry of Food and Agriculture via the Federal Office for Agriculture and Food, and is carried out by the University of Koblenz-Landau and nine project partners from Baden-Württemberg, Hesse, North Rhine-Westphalia and Rhineland-Palatinate. As in the other countries bordering the Rhine, i.e. France, Switzerland and the Netherlands, the salmon are genetically sampled according to a standardised protocol. Microsatellite (SALSEA-merge panel) based parentage analyses will be used to investigate restocking success and the efficiency of different restocking strategies (i.e. age, parents used, origin of broodstock). Examination of more samples including from wild returning fish is planned from 2021 to 2024.

## 2.4 Data Call for NASCO requested information used by the Working Group

The terms of reference from NASCO defines the work of the ICES WGNAS. Other than for the catch data, the terms of reference are not specific as to what type of information would be used by ICES to develop the status of stocks.

### 2.4.1 Process for collating catch data

The request for catch data is specific as to the type of information to be compiled:
* provide an overview of salmon catches and landings by country, including unreported catches and catch and release, and production of farmed and ranched Atlantic salmon in 2020¹.

In each Commission Area, the request includes:

* describe the key events of the 2020 fisheries² (ToR 2.1, 3.1, 4.1)

with specifics provided in footnotes 1 and 3:

1. With regard to question 1.1, for the estimates of unreported catch the information provided should, where possible, indicate the location of the unreported catch in the following categories: in-river; estuarine; and coastal. Numbers of salmon caught and released in recreational fisheries should be provided;

2. In the responses to questions 2.1, 3.1 and 4.1, ICES is asked to provide details of catch, gear, effort, composition and origin of the catch and rates of exploitation. For homewater fisheries, the information provided should indicate the location of the catch in the following categories: in-river; estuarine; and coastal. Information on any other sources of fishing mortality for salmon is also requested For 4.1, if any new phone surveys are conducted, ICES should review the results and advise on the appropriateness for incorporating resulting estimates of unreported catch into the assessment process.

## 2.4.2 Review of the 2021 Data Call

On 29 January 2021, ICES communicated the Data Call for Atlantic salmon from the North Atlantic to ICES Member Countries. The salmon call was contained within the wider "Joint ICES Fisheries Data call 2021 for landings, discards, biological sample, catch and effort data" (see Data calls (ices.dk)). Subsequently on 8 February 2021, the chair of the WGNAS copied the ICES Data Call to members of the Working Group. The Data Call included instructions in a covering letter and a template spreadsheet in Excel as attachments (Annex 7.12.1 WGNAS template.xlsx). The request was for members to return the catch data for 2020 to ICES by 15 March 2021.

The Data Call was specific to the compilation of catches as defined in the terms of reference from NASCO. Note also that NASCO requests from parties, as part of the annual reporting, similar information as requested by ICES in the Data Call.

The Data Call should provide data that can be used by the WGNAS to address the NASCO request, i.e. for the primary catch tables in the WGNAS report (Tables 2.1.1.1, 2.1.1.2, 2.1.1.3, 2.1.2.1, 2.1.3.1, 2.1.3.2, 2.2.1.1, 2.2.2.1, Annex 4; Figures 2.1.1.1a,b, 2.1.1.2, 2.1.1.3, 2.1.3.1, 2.2.1.1, 2.2.2.1). When collated across jurisdictions, the Data Call submissions should be appropriate for NASCO themselves to generate summaries. The Data Call request would, in the future, also provide catch data that are used in the North Atlantic wide Life-Cycle Model (LCM, see below).

In previous years, the data requested in the Data Call would have been compiled by members of the Working Group from national working papers and summarised in the report. The ICES Data Call has resulted in more prompt and comprehensive reporting for some countries where in the past the collation of catch data had been difficult and incomplete.

The following country/jurisdiction reports were received (* = as of 15 March 2021):

* NAC: Canada, USA, France (Saint Pierre and Miquelon);

* NEAC: Iceland, Spain, France, UK (England & Wales)*, UK (Scotland), UK (Northern Ireland)*, Denmark, Sweden*, Norway, Finland*;

* WGC: Greenland.
Some reports were received after the deadline because of issues with the communication of the official request. These have been noted by ICES and the countries, and solutions will be found to make the process more successful in future years.

Data calls were not received for the following NEAC jurisdictions with known/historic salmon fisheries or farmed salmon production: Ireland, Russia, Faroe Islands, Portugal, Germany. Equivalent data from Ireland, Russia and Faroe Islands were received via national reports to the Working Group.

The data submitted in March 2021 were reviewed by the Working Group and some issues were identified. Details of the review and proposed changes are outlined in Annex 8.

## 2.5 Progress on the Bayesian Life Cycle Model

A new Bayesian Life Cycle Model (LCM) has been proposed to improve the biological realism of the stock assessment model and to advance exploration of factors that are driving salmon abundance. The Working Group previously reviewed developments in modelling and forecasting the abundance of Atlantic salmon using the new LCM (ICES, 2018; 2019; 2020).

Following discussions at the WGNAS 2020, in preparation for a future Benchmark and the application of the LCM by the WGNAS for the assessment and multi-year catch advice, a workshop of jurisdictional experts and modelers working on Atlantic salmon in the North Atlantic was held 5–8 January 2021, remotely.

The objectives of the workshop (WKSalModel) as defined in the terms of reference included:

* To contribute to building a shared vision among the WGNAS expert group of the new methodological framework used for providing catch advice based on the life cycle model.

* To familiarise ICES experts in the use of the LCM, that is currently coded in R using the package NIMBLE.

* To discuss and formalise the workflow from data specification, preparation, and maintenance to the production of the assessment and for the provision of multiple year forecasts and catch advice.

* To discuss and prioritise next steps with priority on timelines for data inputs, running life cycle model for assessment and catch advice during WGNAS March 2021, and on preparing the ICES WGNAS 2022 benchmark process.

A first draft of the WKSalModel report was circulated and reviewed by WGNAS 2021.

### 2.5.1 Advances in using the LCM for stock assessment and provision of catch advice

The workshop reviewed the LCM which incorporates all stocks of Atlantic salmon at the North Atlantic scale in a single model, reviewed comparisons of current ICES PFA models and the life cycle model approach, and discussed the data inputs and process for running the LCM.

The LCM and its application to the development of multi-year catch advice (workflow from data input – model fitting – forecasting) was presented to WGNAS 2021.

The life cycle model framework is embedded within a suite of R-programmes based on the Nimble package and a shiny web application that has been made available online
(https://sirs.agrocampus-ouest.fr/discardless_app/WGNAS-ToolBox/). These new tools simplify and strengthen the robustness of the stock assessment workflow from the data input to the production of catch advice.

Timelines for providing data from jurisdictions for input to the LCM were discussed and it was indicated that data from jurisdictions are generally not ready until March of the assessment year, which further strengthens the need to have automated processes for the ICES PFA model and the new life cycle model processes. Such an automated process was developed and used during WGNAS 2021 to run the LCM using the WGNAS 2021 updated data.

## 2.5.2 Feedback from the WKSalModel

The feedback on the new LCM received during the WKSalModel was positive. The group supported the use of the LCM for Atlantic salmon stock assessment and the provision of catch advice. The development of the data base and the associated shiny app is acknowledged as a new tool to substantially streamline the workflow from data preparation and maintenance through to the provision of catch advice. It increases transparency in the way the data are used and strengthens data quality control.

Because of the limited time during the WKSalModel, R-programmes were not reviewed in details. All R-code was made available and feedback was received between January 2021 and the WGNAS in March 2021 that helped to improve the coding.

Examples of synthetic outputs from the LCM (Figures and Tables) were presented during the WKSalModel and during WGNAS 2021. Some feedback was received and further discussions are needed to better align the outputs routinely produced to the needs of WGNAS.

The new LCM can be expanded to assimilate new data or knowledge. It encourages the improvement of the data by experts of the different jurisdictions to better align the data with the amount of knowledge and expertise available locally. Discussions were held during the WKSalModel and during WGNAS 2021 to prioritise data and model improvements and to set a realistic and achievable time schedule for those improvements.

## 2.5.3 Resolutions and next steps

The decision was made during the WKSalModel to provide the 2021 assessment and provision of catch advice based on the PFA models, and not based on the new LCM.

The LCM was run in parallel with the PFA models during WGNAS 2021, using the data updated to 2020, and the results of the PFA models and LCM outputs were compared.

The WGNAS and ICES agreed to initiate a first ICES WGNAS benchmark process in 2021. The ToRs of the benchmark remain to be specified but would include the following topics:

* Review R-code and workflow of the LCM.

* Prioritise data and model improvements, and set a realistic and achievable time schedule for those improvements.

* Define a strategy for maintenance and hosting of the database and the shiny app. Start discussion with other working groups that have proposed similar tools (e.g. WGEEL), and with ICES that could bring support for development and hosting.

* Consider modifications to the Data Call to address the LCM data requirements.
WKSalModel and WGNAS 2021 acknowledge that guidance / decisions from NASCO are re-
quired to complete the LCM forecast / catch advice process. The LCM considers the population
dynamics of 25 stock units of North Atlantic salmon in one cohesive model with linked marine
dynamics. The LCM includes changes from the PFA models in how sea-age groups contribute
to egg depositions and to fisheries. The LCM includes forecasting and catch advice components
that require guidance from managers to support the decision-making process. It would be im-
portant for completing the LCM model framework and for the ICES Benchmark that NASCO
provide guidance / decisions on elements of the catch advice process. The most important ones
are:

* How to incorporate homewater catch scenarios in the marine fisheries scenarios. In the current PFA model and catch advice process, a sharing agreement of 60:40 homewater to Greenland catches is used (West Greenland / 0.4). For the Faroes, a similar adjustment is made using a Faroes / NEAC specific rate of 8.4% (catch scenario = Faroes / 0.084). There are alternatives to this; for example, using homewater catches of the previous five years as a default homewater catch that would occur regardless of the marine fishery catch option.

* The LCM incorporates the eggs from all spawners and assesses compliance using eggs from all spawners relative to the conservation limits of eggs from all sea-ages. Previously, ICES has provided analyses of compliance to sea-age specific spawner requirements, by stock complex and to countries which indicates a desire to ensure conservation of sea-age diversity in the spawners. The LCM is flexible and can generate outputs to assess compliance for eggs from all sea-age groups or track egg depositions by sea-age group and assess compliance relative to sea-age-specific conservation limits.

* The LCM can assess catch scenarios independently for Greenland and Faroes, but more interestingly, it can provide catch advice for the joint fisheries at Greenland, Faroes and homewaters simultaneously. Similarly, risk of attainment of conservation limits for catch options can be presented by individual stock unit (25 in total), by regional groups (three stock complexes) or any combination of jurisdictions and sea-age components.

These three main elements are related and guidance from NASCO regarding their preference for
addressing catch scenarios and presentations of the catch option outputs are required to com-
plete the LCM framework and ensuring a complete Benchmark review of the LCM model for the
development of future catch advice for NASCO.

Because of the importance of the topics to be addressed, a workshop is proposed for late 2021 /
early 2022 to prepare the elements of LCM and PFA model descriptions, data inputs, and work-
flow processes in preparation for the ICES Benchmark process.

## 2.6 Reports from ICES expert group and other investigations relevant to North Atlantic salmon

2.6.1 WGDIAD

The Working Group on the Science Requirements to Support Conservation, Restoration and Management of Diadromous Species (WGDIAD) provides a forum for the coordination of ICES activities relating to species which use both freshwater and marine environments to complete their life cycles; such as eel, Atlantic salmon, sea trout, lampreys, shads, smelts, etc. The Working Group considers progress and future requirements in the field of diadromous science and management and organises Expert Groups (EGs), Theme Sessions and Symposia. There is also a significant role in coordinating with other science and advice Working Groups in ICES.
The annual meeting of WGDIAD was held remotely (by WebEx) from 1–3 September 2020, and chaired by Hugo Maxwell (Ireland) and Dennis Ensing (UK). There were 23 participants in total from nine countries who participated in the meeting for at least one of the days. The following topics relevant to Atlantic salmon were discussed:

* International Year of the Salmon (IYS)–progress and symposium plans;

* A progress report of the work of the Intersessional Sub Group Diadromous fish (ISSG Diad) of the Regional Coordination Groups (RCGs). The subgroup has a coordinating function and identifies data collection needs for diadromous species in relation to the EU data collection regulation;

* A theme session proposal for the ICES ASC 2022, to be submitted in 2021, on exotic species (and stocks) and their impact on native species and their fisheries;

* A discussion on a formal ICES/WGDIAD link with diadromous fish scientists in the Pacific within organisation such as the North Pacific Marine Science Organisation (PICES) and North Pacific Anadromous Fish Commission (NPAFC);

* A report from The Workshop on Evaluating the Draft Baltic Salmon Management Plan meetings (WKBaltSalMPI & II) on the progress developing a salmon management plan for the Baltic Sea;

* A report by Mark Saunders from NPAFC on the 2019 and 2020 marine surveys targeted to better understand Pacific salmon winter ecology in the Gulf of Alaska.

Since the 2020 Annual Meeting, the group has worked with ICES and NPAFC to submit proposals under the United Nations Decade of Ocean Science for Sustainable Development (UN-DOS) call for projects, both aimed at strengthening the management of the oceans, including for anadromous salmonids. It is expected that during 2021 more details will emerge on the success of these submissions, and how WGDIAD, ICES, and their Pacific partners will further shape this proposed Pacific-Atlantic diadromous fish science link. An intersessional WGDIAD meeting discussing these plans is planned for the summer of 2021, with input requested from all ICES diadromous fish EG chairs.

The next meeting of WGDIAD will be held at a date to be confirmed during the 2021 ICES ASC in Copenhagen, Denmark (6–9 September 2021).

## 2.6.2 Diadromous fish and EU Data Collection Framework update

The EU Data Collection Framework (DCF) is a data collection framework established in line with the European Union's common fisheries policy to collect and utilise scientific data for management advice. Given the geographical span as well as the regional need to organise and coordinate data collection for diadromous species, the need for a pan-regional subgroup on these species (eel, salmon, sea trout) was discussed in 2016 which led to initialisation of a specialised subgroup focussing on DCF-relevant diadromous fishes. The diadromous subgroup (DSG, more recently Intersessional Sub-Group, ISSG) is a specialised, pan-regional subgroup in order to focus on advice on what needs to be done for regional workplans for diadromous species in line with DCF data collection, including listing end-user needs (variables required, frequency, intensity), possible needs for regional agreements (e.g. setting index rivers) and time frames for implementation.

The pan-regional and sub-group approach was further developed in 2018, so that sub-groups would work intersessionally but reporting to the annual Regional Coordination Groups (RCGs) (meetings. Inter-regional stock assessment and management advice for diadromous species demands regionally adapted approaches in order to sustain best comparability of data and to consider regional characteristics and differences. Thus, it is of importance to coordinate EU Multi-
Annual Programme (MAP)-based data collection of diadromous species adapted to the respective regions represented by RCGs on the basis of the direct input of end-users such as designated ICES expert groups (e.g. WGNAS).

The overall task of the ISSG Diad thus is now to progress development of the regional work/sampling plans for data collection for diadromous species/stocks (Atlantic salmon in the Atlantic and Baltic, sea trout in the Baltic, European eel throughout its natural range) and quality assurance of those data.

ISSG considers it necessary to regularly consult with designated end users / expert groups on input and details of what data are needed for improvement of inter-regional assessment and management of each diadromous species to allow a more directed and purposeful data collection towards the designated end-user needs.

## 2.7 NASCO has asked ICES to provide a compilation of tag releases by country in 2020

Data on releases of tagged, fin-clipped and other marked salmon in 2020 were provided to the Working Group and are compiled as a separate report (ICES WGNAS Addendum, 2021). In summary (Table 2.7.1), approximately 1.96 million salmon were marked in 2020, a decrease from the 2.2 million fish marked in 2019. The adipose clip was the most commonly used primary mark (1.65 million) with around half (0.836 million) of these marked and released in Russia. Coded wire microtags (CWT) (0.196 million) were the next most common primary mark, and 91 390 fish were marked with internal tags. Most marks were applied to hatchery-origin juveniles (1.73 million), while 40 678 wild juveniles, 31 032 wild adults and 160 355 hatchery adults were also marked. The use of Passive Integrated Transponder (PIT) tags, Data Storage Tags (DSTs), radio and/or sonic transmitting tags (pingers) has increased in recent years but in 2020, 91 390 salmon were tagged with these tag types (Table 2.7.1) which was a marked decrease from previous year (161 705). Reduced numbers of tagged salmon in 2020 may in some countries be related to restrictions due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

The Working Group noted that not all electronic tags were reported in the tag compilation. Tag users should be encouraged to include these tags or tagging programmes as this greatly facilitates identification of the origin of tags recovered in fisheries or tag scanning programmes in other jurisdictions.

A recommendation has been developed by the Working Group for more efficient identification of the origin of PIT tagged salmon. The creation of a database listing individual PIT tag numbers or codes identifying the origin, source or programme of the tags should be implemented on a North Atlantic basin-wide scale. This is needed to facilitate identification of individual tagged fish, taken in marine fisheries or surveys, back to the source. Data on individual PIT tags used in Norway have now been compiled, but an ICES coordinated database, where the data could be stored, is needed.

Since 2003, the Working Group has reported information on marks being applied to farmed salmon to facilitate tracing the origin of farmed salmon captured in the wild in the case of escape events. In the USA, genetic "marking" procedures have been adopted where brood stock are genetically screened, and the resulting database is used to match genotyped escaped farmed salmon to a specific parental mating pair and subsequent hatchery of origin, stocking group, and marine site the individual escaped from. This has also been applied in Iceland, where in recent years, 17 out of 21 farmed escapees could be traced to the pens they escaped from by matching their genotypes to known parental genotypes, and a further two could be traced to foreign brood stocks.
Issues pertinent to particular Commission areas are included in subsequent sections and, where
appropriate, carried forward to the recommendations (Annex 7).
<table><caption>Table 2.1.1.1. Total reported nominal catch of salmon by country (in tonnes round fresh weight), 1960–2020 (2020 figures include provisional data).</caption><thead><tr><th rowspan="2">Year</th><th colspan="10">NEAC (N. Area)</th><th colspan="5">NEAC (S. Area)</th><th colspan="4">Faroes and Greenland</th><th colspan="2">Unreported catches</th></tr><tr><th>Canada (1)</th><th>USA</th><th>St P&amp;M</th><th>Norway (2)</th><th>Russia (3)</th><th>Wild</th><th>Ranch (4)</th><th>Sweden</th><th>Wild</th><th>Rach (15)</th><th>Denmark</th><th>Finland</th><th>Ireland(5,6)</th><th>UK (E &amp; W)</th><th>UK (N.IrI.)<br>(6.7)</th><th>UK<br>(ScotI.)(16)</th><th>France (8)</th><th>Spain (9)</th><th>Faroes (10)</th><th>East Grld</th><th>West<br>Grld.(11)</th><th>Other (12)</th><th>Total Reported<br>Nominal Catch</th><th>NASCO areas<br>(13)</th><th>International<br>waters (14)</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>1960</td><td>1636</td><td>1</td><td>-</td><td>1659</td><td>1100</td><td>100</td><td>-</td><td>40</td><td>0</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>743</td><td>283</td><td>139</td><td>1443</td><td>-</td><td>33</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>60</td><td>-</td><td>7237</td><td>-</td><td>-</td></tr><tr><td>1961</td><td>1583</td><td>1</td><td>-</td><td>1533</td><td>790</td><td>127</td><td>-</td><td>27</td><td>0</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>707</td><td>232</td><td>132</td><td>1185</td><td>-</td><td>20</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>127</td><td>-</td><td>6464</td><td>-</td><td>-</td></tr><tr><td>1962</td><td>1719</td><td>1</td><td>-</td><td>1935</td><td>710</td><td>125</td><td>-</td><td>45</td><td>0</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>1459</td><td>318</td><td>356</td><td>1738</td><td>-</td><td>23</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>244</td><td>-</td><td>8673</td><td>-</td><td>-</td></tr><tr><td>1963</td><td>1861</td><td>1</td><td>-</td><td>1786</td><td>480</td><td>145</td><td>-</td><td>23</td><td>0</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>1458</td><td>325</td><td>306</td><td>1725</td><td>-</td><td>28</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>466</td><td>-</td><td>8604</td><td>-</td><td>-</td></tr><tr><td>1964</td><td>2069</td><td>1</td><td>-</td><td>2147</td><td>590</td><td>135</td><td>-</td><td>36</td><td>0</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>1617</td><td>307</td><td>377</td><td>1907</td><td>-</td><td>34</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>1539</td><td>-</td><td>10759</td><td>-</td><td>-</td></tr><tr><td>1965</td><td>2116</td><td>1</td><td>-</td><td>2000</td><td>590</td><td>133</td><td>-</td><td>40</td><td>0</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>1457</td><td>320</td><td>281</td><td>1593</td><td>-</td><td>42</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>861</td><td>-</td><td>9434</td><td>-</td><td>-</td></tr><tr><td>1966</td><td>2369</td><td>1</td><td>-</td><td>1791</td><td>570</td><td>104</td><td>2</td><td>36</td><td>0</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>1238</td><td>387</td><td>287</td><td>1595</td><td>-</td><td>42</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>1370</td><td>-</td><td>9792</td><td>-</td><td>-</td></tr><tr><td>1967</td><td>2863</td><td>1</td><td>-</td><td>1980</td><td>883</td><td>144</td><td>2</td><td>25</td><td>0</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>1463</td><td>420</td><td>449</td><td>2117</td><td>-</td><td>43</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>1601</td><td>-</td><td>11991</td><td>-</td><td>-</td></tr><tr><td>1968</td><td>2111</td><td>1</td><td>-</td><td>1514</td><td>827</td><td>161</td><td>1</td><td>20</td><td>0</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>1413</td><td>282</td><td>312</td><td>1578</td><td>-</td><td>38</td><td>5</td><td>-</td><td>1127</td><td>403</td><td>9793</td><td>-</td><td>-</td></tr><tr><td>1969</td><td>2202</td><td>1</td><td>-</td><td>1383</td><td>360</td><td>131</td><td>2</td><td>22</td><td>0</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>1730</td><td>377</td><td>267</td><td>1955</td><td>-</td><td>54</td><td>7</td><td>-</td><td>2210</td><td>893</td><td>11594</td><td>-</td><td>-</td></tr><tr><td>1970</td><td>2323</td><td>1</td><td>-</td><td>1171</td><td>448</td><td>182</td><td>13</td><td>20</td><td>0</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>1787</td><td>527</td><td>297</td><td>1392</td><td>-</td><td>45</td><td>12</td><td>-</td><td>2146</td><td>922</td><td>11286</td><td>-</td><td>-</td></tr><tr><td>1971</td><td>1992</td><td>1</td><td>-</td><td>1207</td><td>417</td><td>196</td><td>8</td><td>17</td><td>1</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>1639</td><td>426</td><td>234</td><td>1421</td><td>-</td><td>16</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>2689</td><td>471</td><td>10735</td><td>-</td><td>-</td></tr><tr><td>1972</td><td>1759</td><td>1</td><td>-</td><td>1578</td><td>462</td><td>245</td><td>5</td><td>17</td><td>1</td><td>-</td><td>32</td><td>1804</td><td>442</td><td>210</td><td>1727</td><td>34</td><td>40</td><td>9</td><td>-</td><td>2113</td><td>486</td><td>10965</td><td>-</td><td>-</td></tr><tr><td>1973</td><td>2434</td><td>3</td><td>-</td><td>1726</td><td>772</td><td>148</td><td>8</td><td>22</td><td>1</td><td>-</td><td>50</td><td>1930</td><td>450</td><td>182</td><td>2006</td><td>12</td><td>24</td><td>28</td><td>-</td><td>2341</td><td>533</td><td>12670</td><td>-</td><td>-</td></tr><tr><td>1974</td><td>2539</td><td>1</td><td>-</td><td>1633</td><td>709</td><td>215</td><td>10</td><td>31</td><td>1</td><td>-</td><td>76</td><td>2128</td><td>383</td><td>184</td><td>1628</td><td>13</td><td>16</td><td>20</td><td>-</td><td>1917</td><td>373</td><td>11877</td><td>-</td><td>-</td></tr></tbody></table>
<table><thead><tr><th rowspan="2">Year</th><th colspan="10">NEAC (N. Area)</th><th colspan="10">NEAC (S. Area)</th><th colspan="4">Faroes and Greenland</th><th colspan="2">Unreported catches</th></tr><tr><th>Canada (1)</th><th>USA</th><th>St P&amp;M</th><th>Norway (2)</th><th>Russia (3)</th><th>Wild</th><th>Ranch (4)</th><th colspan="5">Sweden</th><th>Ireland (5,6)</th><th>UK (E &amp; W)</th><th>UK (N.Irl.) (6,7)</th><th>UK (Scoti.) (16)</th><th>France (8)</th><th>Spain (9)</th><th>Faroes (10)</th><th>East Grid</th><th>West Grid.(11)</th><th>Other (12)</th><th>Total Reported Nominal Catch</th><th>NASCO areas (13)</th><th>International waters (14)</th></tr><tr><th></th><th></th><th></th><th></th><th></th><th></th><th></th><th></th><th>Wild</th><th>Rach (15)</th><th>Denmark</th><th>Finland</th><th></th><th></th><th></th><th></th><th></th><th></th><th></th><th></th><th></th><th></th><th></th><th></th><th></th><th></th><th></th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>1975</td><td>2485</td><td>2</td><td>-</td><td>1537</td><td>811</td><td>145</td><td>21</td><td>26</td><td>0</td><td>-</td><td>76</td><td>2216</td><td>447</td><td>164</td><td>1621</td><td>25</td><td>27</td><td>28</td><td>-</td><td>2030</td><td>475</td><td>12136</td><td>-</td><td>-</td></tr><tr><td>1976</td><td>2506</td><td>1</td><td>3</td><td>1530</td><td>542</td><td>216</td><td>9</td><td>20</td><td>0</td><td>-</td><td>66</td><td>1561</td><td>208</td><td>113</td><td>1019</td><td>9</td><td>21</td><td>40</td><td>&lt;1</td><td>1175</td><td>289</td><td>9327</td><td>-</td><td>-</td></tr><tr><td>1977</td><td>2545</td><td>2</td><td>-</td><td>1488</td><td>497</td><td>123</td><td>7</td><td>9</td><td>1</td><td>-</td><td>59</td><td>1372</td><td>345</td><td>110</td><td>1160</td><td>19</td><td>19</td><td>40</td><td>6</td><td>1420</td><td>192</td><td>9414</td><td>-</td><td>-</td></tr><tr><td>1978</td><td>1545</td><td>4</td><td>-</td><td>1050</td><td>476</td><td>285</td><td>6</td><td>10</td><td>0</td><td>-</td><td>37</td><td>1230</td><td>349</td><td>148</td><td>1323</td><td>20</td><td>32</td><td>37</td><td>8</td><td>984</td><td>138</td><td>7682</td><td>-</td><td>-</td></tr><tr><td>1979</td><td>1287</td><td>3</td><td>-</td><td>1831</td><td>455</td><td>219</td><td>6</td><td>11</td><td>1</td><td>-</td><td>26</td><td>1097</td><td>261</td><td>99</td><td>1076</td><td>10</td><td>29</td><td>119</td><td>&lt;0.5</td><td>1395</td><td>193</td><td>8118</td><td>-</td><td>-</td></tr><tr><td>1980</td><td>2680</td><td>6</td><td>-</td><td>1830</td><td>664</td><td>241</td><td>8</td><td>16</td><td>1</td><td>-</td><td>34</td><td>947</td><td>360</td><td>122</td><td>1134</td><td>30</td><td>47</td><td>536</td><td>&lt;0.5</td><td>1194</td><td>277</td><td>10127</td><td>-</td><td>-</td></tr><tr><td>1981</td><td>2437</td><td>6</td><td>-</td><td>1656</td><td>463</td><td>147</td><td>16</td><td>25</td><td>1</td><td>-</td><td>44</td><td>685</td><td>493</td><td>101</td><td>1233</td><td>20</td><td>25</td><td>1025</td><td>&lt;0.5</td><td>1264</td><td>313</td><td>9954</td><td>-</td><td>-</td></tr><tr><td>1982</td><td>1798</td><td>6</td><td>-</td><td>1348</td><td>364</td><td>130</td><td>17</td><td>24</td><td>1</td><td>-</td><td>54</td><td>993</td><td>286</td><td>132</td><td>1092</td><td>20</td><td>10</td><td>606</td><td>&lt;0.5</td><td>1077</td><td>437</td><td>8395</td><td>-</td><td>-</td></tr><tr><td>1983</td><td>1424</td><td>1</td><td>3</td><td>1550</td><td>507</td><td>166</td><td>32</td><td>27</td><td>1</td><td>-</td><td>58</td><td>1656</td><td>429</td><td>187</td><td>1221</td><td>16</td><td>23</td><td>678</td><td>&lt;0.5</td><td>310</td><td>466</td><td>8755</td><td>-</td><td>-</td></tr><tr><td>1984</td><td>1112</td><td>2</td><td>3</td><td>1623</td><td>593</td><td>139</td><td>20</td><td>39</td><td>1</td><td>-</td><td>46</td><td>829</td><td>345</td><td>78</td><td>1013</td><td>25</td><td>18</td><td>628</td><td>&lt;0.5</td><td>297</td><td>101</td><td>6912</td><td>-</td><td>-</td></tr><tr><td>1985</td><td>1133</td><td>2</td><td>3</td><td>1561</td><td>659</td><td>162</td><td>55</td><td>44</td><td>1</td><td>-</td><td>49</td><td>1595</td><td>361</td><td>98</td><td>913</td><td>22</td><td>13</td><td>566</td><td>7</td><td>864</td><td>-</td><td>8108</td><td>-</td><td>-</td></tr><tr><td>1986</td><td>1559</td><td>2</td><td>3</td><td>1598</td><td>608</td><td>232</td><td>59</td><td>52</td><td>2</td><td>-</td><td>37</td><td>1730</td><td>430</td><td>109</td><td>1271</td><td>28</td><td>27</td><td>530</td><td>19</td><td>960</td><td>-</td><td>9255</td><td>315</td><td>-</td></tr><tr><td>1987</td><td>1784</td><td>1</td><td>2</td><td>1385</td><td>564</td><td>181</td><td>40</td><td>43</td><td>4</td><td>-</td><td>49</td><td>1239</td><td>302</td><td>56</td><td>922</td><td>27</td><td>18</td><td>576</td><td>&lt;0.5</td><td>966</td><td>-</td><td>8159</td><td>2788</td><td>-</td></tr><tr><td>1988</td><td>1310</td><td>1</td><td>2</td><td>1076</td><td>420</td><td>217</td><td>180</td><td>36</td><td>4</td><td>-</td><td>36</td><td>1874</td><td>395</td><td>114</td><td>882</td><td>32</td><td>18</td><td>243</td><td>4</td><td>893</td><td>-</td><td>7737</td><td>3248</td><td>-</td></tr><tr><td>1989</td><td>1139</td><td>2</td><td>2</td><td>905</td><td>364</td><td>141</td><td>136</td><td>25</td><td>4</td><td>-</td><td>52</td><td>1079</td><td>296</td><td>142</td><td>895</td><td>14</td><td>7</td><td>364</td><td>-</td><td>337</td><td>-</td><td>5904</td><td>2277</td><td>-</td></tr><tr><td>1990</td><td>911</td><td>2</td><td>2</td><td>930</td><td>313</td><td>141</td><td>285</td><td>27</td><td>6</td><td>13</td><td>60</td><td>567</td><td>338</td><td>94</td><td>624</td><td>15</td><td>7</td><td>315</td><td>-</td><td>274</td><td>-</td><td>4925</td><td>1890</td><td>180-</td></tr></tbody></table>
<table><thead><tr><th rowspan="2">Year</th><th colspan="10">NEAC (N. Area)</th><th colspan="5">NEAC (S. Area)</th><th colspan="5">Faroes and Greenland</th><th colspan="3">Unreported catches</th></tr><tr><th>Canada (1)</th><th>USA</th><th>St P&amp;M</th><th>Norway (2)</th><th>Russia (3)</th><th>Wild</th><th>Ranch (4)</th><th>Wild</th><th>Rach (15)</th><th>Denmark</th><th>Finland</th><th>Ireland (5,6)</th><th>UK (E &amp; W)</th><th>UK (N.Irl.) (6,7)</th><th>UK (Scoti.) (16)</th><th>France (8)</th><th>Spain (9)</th><th>Faroes (10)</th><th>East Grld</th><th>West Grld.(11)</th><th>Other (12)</th><th>Total Reported Nominal Catch</th><th>NASCO areas (13)</th><th>International waters (14)</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>1991</td><td>711</td><td>1</td><td>1</td><td>876</td><td>215</td><td>129</td><td>346</td><td>34</td><td>4</td><td>3</td><td>70</td><td>404</td><td>200</td><td>55</td><td>462</td><td>13</td><td>11</td><td>95</td><td>4</td><td>472</td><td>-</td><td>4106</td><td>1682</td><td>25-100</td></tr><tr><td>1992</td><td>522</td><td>1</td><td>2</td><td>867</td><td>167</td><td>174</td><td>462</td><td>46</td><td>3</td><td>10</td><td>77</td><td>630</td><td>171</td><td>91</td><td>600</td><td>20</td><td>11</td><td>23</td><td>5</td><td>237</td><td>-</td><td>4119</td><td>1962</td><td>25-100</td></tr><tr><td>1993</td><td>373</td><td>1</td><td>3</td><td>923</td><td>139</td><td>157</td><td>499</td><td>44</td><td>12</td><td>9</td><td>70</td><td>541</td><td>248</td><td>83</td><td>547</td><td>16</td><td>8</td><td>23</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>3696</td><td>1644</td><td>25-100</td></tr><tr><td>1994</td><td>355</td><td>0</td><td>3</td><td>996</td><td>141</td><td>136</td><td>313</td><td>37</td><td>7</td><td>6</td><td>49</td><td>804</td><td>324</td><td>91</td><td>649</td><td>18</td><td>10</td><td>6</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>3945</td><td>1276</td><td>25-100</td></tr><tr><td>1995</td><td>260</td><td>0</td><td>1</td><td>839</td><td>128</td><td>146</td><td>303</td><td>28</td><td>9</td><td>3</td><td>48</td><td>790</td><td>295</td><td>83</td><td>588</td><td>10</td><td>9</td><td>5</td><td>2</td><td>83</td><td>-</td><td>3629</td><td>1060</td><td>-</td></tr><tr><td>1996</td><td>292</td><td>0</td><td>2</td><td>787</td><td>131</td><td>118</td><td>243</td><td>26</td><td>7</td><td>2</td><td>44</td><td>685</td><td>183</td><td>77</td><td>427</td><td>13</td><td>7</td><td>-</td><td>&lt;0.5</td><td>92</td><td>-</td><td>3136</td><td>1123</td><td>-</td></tr><tr><td>1997</td><td>229</td><td>0</td><td>2</td><td>630</td><td>111</td><td>97</td><td>59</td><td>15</td><td>4</td><td>1</td><td>45</td><td>570</td><td>142</td><td>93</td><td>296</td><td>8</td><td>4</td><td>-</td><td>1</td><td>58</td><td>-</td><td>2364</td><td>827</td><td>-</td></tr><tr><td>1998</td><td>157</td><td>0</td><td>2</td><td>740</td><td>131</td><td>119</td><td>46</td><td>10</td><td>5</td><td>1</td><td>48</td><td>624</td><td>123</td><td>78</td><td>283</td><td>8</td><td>4</td><td>6</td><td>0</td><td>11</td><td>-</td><td>2395</td><td>1210</td><td>-</td></tr><tr><td>1999</td><td>152</td><td>0</td><td>2</td><td>811</td><td>103</td><td>111</td><td>35</td><td>11</td><td>5</td><td>1</td><td>62</td><td>515</td><td>150</td><td>53</td><td>199</td><td>11</td><td>6</td><td>0</td><td>&lt;0.5</td><td>19</td><td>-</td><td>2247</td><td>1032</td><td>-</td></tr><tr><td>2000</td><td>153</td><td>0</td><td>2</td><td>1176</td><td>124</td><td>73</td><td>11</td><td>24</td><td>9</td><td>5</td><td>95</td><td>621</td><td>219</td><td>78</td><td>274</td><td>11</td><td>7</td><td>8</td><td>0</td><td>21</td><td>-</td><td>2912</td><td>1269</td><td>-</td></tr><tr><td>2001</td><td>148</td><td>0</td><td>2</td><td>1267</td><td>114</td><td>74</td><td>14</td><td>25</td><td>7</td><td>6</td><td>126</td><td>730</td><td>184</td><td>53</td><td>251</td><td>11</td><td>13</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>43</td><td>-</td><td>3069</td><td>1180</td><td>-</td></tr><tr><td>2002</td><td>148</td><td>0</td><td>2</td><td>1019</td><td>118</td><td>90</td><td>7</td><td>20</td><td>8</td><td>5</td><td>93</td><td>682</td><td>161</td><td>81</td><td>191</td><td>11</td><td>9</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>9</td><td>-</td><td>2654</td><td>1039</td><td>-</td></tr><tr><td>2003</td><td>141</td><td>0</td><td>3</td><td>1071</td><td>107</td><td>99</td><td>11</td><td>15</td><td>10</td><td>4</td><td>78</td><td>551</td><td>89</td><td>56</td><td>192</td><td>13</td><td>9</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>9</td><td>-</td><td>2457</td><td>847</td><td>-</td></tr><tr><td>2004</td><td>161</td><td>0</td><td>3</td><td>784</td><td>82</td><td>112</td><td>18</td><td>13</td><td>7</td><td>4</td><td>39</td><td>489</td><td>111</td><td>48</td><td>245</td><td>19</td><td>7</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>15</td><td>-</td><td>2157</td><td>686</td><td>-</td></tr><tr><td>2005</td><td>139</td><td>0</td><td>3</td><td>888</td><td>82</td><td>129</td><td>21</td><td>9</td><td>6</td><td>8</td><td>47</td><td>422</td><td>97</td><td>52</td><td>215</td><td>11</td><td>13</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>15</td><td>-</td><td>2155</td><td>700</td><td>-</td></tr><tr><td>2006</td><td>137</td><td>0</td><td>3</td><td>932</td><td>91</td><td>93</td><td>17</td><td>8</td><td>6</td><td>2</td><td>67</td><td>326</td><td>80</td><td>29</td><td>192</td><td>13</td><td>11</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>22</td><td>-</td><td>2028</td><td>670</td><td>-</td></tr></tbody></table>
<table><thead><tr><th rowspan="2">Year</th><th colspan="10">NEAC (N. Area)</th><th colspan="10">NEAC (S. Area)</th><th colspan="4">Faroes and Greenland</th><th colspan="2">Unreported catches</th></tr><tr><th>Canada (1)</th><th>USA</th><th>St P&amp;M</th><th>Norway (2)</th><th>Russia (3)</th><th>Wild</th><th>Ranch (4)</th><th>Sweden</th><th>Wild</th><th>Rach (15)</th><th>Denmark</th><th>Finland</th><th>Ireland (5,6)</th><th>UK (E &amp; W)</th><th>UK (N.Irl.) (6,7)</th><th>UK (Scoti.) (16)</th><th>France (8)</th><th>Spain (9)</th><th>Faroes (10)</th><th>East Grld</th><th>West Grld. (11)</th><th>Other (12)</th><th>Total Reported Nominal Catch</th><th>NASCO areas (13)</th><th>International waters (14)</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>2007</td><td>112</td><td>0</td><td>2</td><td>767</td><td>63</td><td>93</td><td>36</td><td>6</td><td>10</td><td>3</td><td>58</td><td>85</td><td>67</td><td>30</td><td>171</td><td>11</td><td>9</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>25</td><td>-</td><td>1548</td><td>475</td><td>-</td></tr><tr><td>2008</td><td>158</td><td>0</td><td>4</td><td>807</td><td>73</td><td>132</td><td>69</td><td>8</td><td>10</td><td>9</td><td>71</td><td>89</td><td>64</td><td>21</td><td>161</td><td>12</td><td>9</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>26</td><td>-</td><td>1721</td><td>443</td><td>-</td></tr><tr><td>2009</td><td>126</td><td>0</td><td>3</td><td>595</td><td>71</td><td>126</td><td>44</td><td>7</td><td>10</td><td>8</td><td>36</td><td>68</td><td>54</td><td>16</td><td>121</td><td>4</td><td>2</td><td>0</td><td>1</td><td>26</td><td>-</td><td>1318</td><td>343</td><td>-</td></tr><tr><td>2010</td><td>153</td><td>0</td><td>3</td><td>642</td><td>88</td><td>147</td><td>42</td><td>9</td><td>13</td><td>13</td><td>49</td><td>99</td><td>109</td><td>12</td><td>180</td><td>10</td><td>2</td><td>0</td><td>2</td><td>38</td><td>-</td><td>1610</td><td>393</td><td>-</td></tr><tr><td>2011</td><td>179</td><td>0</td><td>4</td><td>696</td><td>89</td><td>98</td><td>30</td><td>20</td><td>19</td><td>13</td><td>44</td><td>87</td><td>136</td><td>10</td><td>159</td><td>11</td><td>7</td><td>0</td><td>&lt;0.5</td><td>27</td><td>-</td><td>1629</td><td>421</td><td>-</td></tr><tr><td>2012</td><td>126</td><td>0</td><td>3</td><td>696</td><td>82</td><td>50</td><td>20</td><td>21</td><td>9</td><td>12</td><td>64</td><td>88</td><td>58</td><td>9</td><td>124</td><td>10</td><td>7</td><td>0</td><td>0.5</td><td>33</td><td>-</td><td>1412</td><td>403</td><td>-</td></tr><tr><td>2013</td><td>137</td><td>0</td><td>5</td><td>475</td><td>78</td><td>116</td><td>31</td><td>10</td><td>4</td><td>11</td><td>46</td><td>87</td><td>84</td><td>4</td><td>119</td><td>11</td><td>5</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>47</td><td>-</td><td>1269</td><td>306</td><td>-</td></tr><tr><td>2014</td><td>118</td><td>0</td><td>4</td><td>490</td><td>81</td><td>51</td><td>18</td><td>24</td><td>6</td><td>9</td><td>58</td><td>57</td><td>54</td><td>5</td><td>84</td><td>12</td><td>6</td><td>0</td><td>&lt;0.5</td><td>58</td><td>-</td><td>1134</td><td>287</td><td>-</td></tr><tr><td>2015</td><td>140</td><td>0</td><td>4</td><td>583</td><td>80</td><td>94</td><td>31</td><td>9</td><td>7</td><td>9</td><td>45</td><td>63</td><td>68</td><td>3</td><td>68</td><td>16</td><td>5</td><td>0</td><td>1</td><td>56</td><td>-</td><td>1282</td><td>325</td><td>-</td></tr><tr><td>2016</td><td>135</td><td>0</td><td>5</td><td>612</td><td>56</td><td>71</td><td>34</td><td>6</td><td>3</td><td>9</td><td>51</td><td>58</td><td>86</td><td>4</td><td>27</td><td>6</td><td>5</td><td>0</td><td>2</td><td>26</td><td>-</td><td>1195</td><td>335</td><td>-</td></tr><tr><td>2017</td><td>110</td><td>0</td><td>3</td><td>666</td><td>47</td><td>66</td><td>24</td><td>6</td><td>10</td><td>12</td><td>32</td><td>59</td><td>49</td><td>5</td><td>27</td><td>10</td><td>2</td><td>0</td><td>&lt;0.5</td><td>28</td><td>-</td><td>1156</td><td>353</td><td>-</td></tr><tr><td>2018</td><td>79</td><td>0</td><td>1</td><td>594</td><td>80</td><td>60</td><td>22</td><td>9</td><td>4</td><td>11</td><td>24</td><td>46</td><td>42</td><td>4</td><td>19</td><td>10</td><td>3</td><td>0</td><td>1</td><td>39</td><td>-</td><td>1049</td><td>311</td><td>-</td></tr><tr><td>2019</td><td>100</td><td>0</td><td>1</td><td>513</td><td>57</td><td>37</td><td>14</td><td>9</td><td>8</td><td>13</td><td>21</td><td>44</td><td>5</td><td>2</td><td>13</td><td>15</td><td>5</td><td>0</td><td>1</td><td>28</td><td>-</td><td>885</td><td>259</td><td>-</td></tr><tr><td>2020</td><td>104</td><td>0</td><td>2</td><td>527</td><td>49</td><td>42</td><td>28</td><td>7</td><td>7</td><td>9</td><td>16</td><td>62</td><td>3</td><td>1</td><td>13</td><td>9</td><td>5</td><td>0</td><td>1</td><td>31</td><td>-</td><td>915</td><td>276</td><td>-</td></tr><tr><td>Mean</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>2015-2019</td><td>113</td><td>0</td><td>3</td><td>594</td><td>64</td><td>66</td><td>25</td><td>8</td><td>6</td><td>11</td><td>35</td><td>54</td><td>50</td><td>4</td><td>31</td><td>11</td><td>4</td><td>0</td><td>1</td><td>35</td><td>-</td><td>1113</td><td>317</td><td>-</td></tr></tbody></table>
<table><thead><tr><th rowspan="2">Year</th><th colspan="10">NEAC (N. Area)</th><th colspan="10">NEAC (S. Area)</th><th colspan="3">Faroes and Greenland</th><th colspan="2">Unreported catches</th></tr><tr><th>Canada (1)</th><th>USA</th><th>St P&amp;M</th><th>Norway (2)</th><th>Russia (3)</th><th>Wild</th><th>Ranch (4)</th><th>Wild</th><th>Rach (15)</th><th>Denmark</th><th>Finland</th><th>Ireland (5,6)</th><th>UK (E &amp; W)</th><th>UK (N.Irl.) (6,7)</th><th>UK (Scoti.) (16)</th><th>France (8)</th><th>Spain (9)</th><th>Faroes (10)</th><th>East Grid</th><th>West Grid.(11)</th><th>Other (12)</th><th>Total Reported Nominal Catch</th><th>NASCO areas (13)</th><th>International waters (14)</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>2010-2019</td><td>128</td><td>0</td><td>3</td><td>597</td><td>74</td><td>79</td><td>27</td><td>12</td><td>8</td><td>11</td><td>43</td><td>69</td><td>69</td><td>6</td><td>82</td><td>11</td><td>5</td><td>0</td><td>1</td><td>38</td><td>-</td><td>1 262</td><td>339</td><td>-</td></tr></tbody></table>

Key:

1. Includes estimates of some local sales, and, prior to 1984, bycatch.

2. Before 1966, sea trout and sea charr included (5% of total).

3. Figures from 1991 to 2000 do not include catches taken in the recreational (rod) fishery.

4. From 1990, catch includes fish ranched for both commercial and angling purposes.

5. Improved reporting of rod catches in 1994 and data derived from carcase tagging and logbooks from 2002.

6. Catch on River Foyle allocated 50% Ireland and 50% UK (N. Ireland).

7. Angling catch (derived from carcase tagging and logbooks) first included in 2002.

8. Data for France include some unreported catches.

9. Spanish data until 2018 (inclusive), weights estimated from mean weight of fish caught in Asturias (80-90% of Spanish catch). Weight for 2019 for all Spain, supplied via data call.

10. Between 1991 & 1999, there was only a research fishery at Faroes. In 1997 & 1999, no fishery took place; the commercial fishery resumed in 2000, but has not operated since 2001.

11. Includes catches made in the West Greenland area by Norway, Faroes, Sweden and Denmark in 1965-1975.

12. Includes catches in Norwegian Sea by vessels from Denmark, Sweden, Germany, Norway and Finland.

13. No unreported catch estimate available for Canada in 2007 and 2008. Data for Canada in 2009, 2010 and 2019 are incomplete. No unreported catch estimate available for Russia since 2008.

14. Estimates refer to season ending in given year.

15. Catches from hatchery-reared smolts released under programmes to mitigate for hydropower development schemes; returning fish unable to spawn in the wild and exploited heavily.

16. Scotland data for 2020 not available at time of printing, 2019 used as Provisional.
<table><caption>Table 2.1.1.2. Total reported nominal catch of salmon in homewaters by country (in tonnes round fresh weight), 1960–2020 (2020 figures include provisional data). S = Salmon (2SW or MSW fish); G = Grilse (1SW fish); Sm = small; Lg = large; T = total = S + G or Lg + Sm.</caption><thead><tr><th rowspan="3">Year</th><th colspan="2">NAC Area</th><th colspan="10">NEAC (N. Area)</th><th colspan="10">NEAC (S. Area)</th><th colspan="10">Total</th></tr><tr><th rowspan="2">Canada (1)</th><th colspan="2">USA</th><th colspan="3">Norway(2)</th><th colspan="2">Russia(3)</th><th colspan="3">Iceland</th><th colspan="2">Sweden</th><th colspan="3">Finland</th><th colspan="3">Ireland(4,5)</th><th colspan="2">UK (E&W)</th><th colspan="2">UK (N.I.)(4,6)</th><th colspan="2">UK (Scotland)(7)</th><th colspan="2">France</th><th colspan="2">Spain</th><th rowspan="2">Total</th></tr><tr><th>Lg</th><th>Sm</th><th>T</th><th>T</th><th>S</th><th>G</th><th>T</th><th>T</th><th>T</th><th>T</th><th>T</th><th>T</th><th>T</th><th>T</th><th>T</th><th>T</th><th>T</th><th>T</th><th>T</th><th>T</th><th>T</th><th>T</th><th>T</th><th>T</th><th>T</th><th>T</th><th>T</th><th>T</th><th>T</th><th>T</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>1960</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>1636</td><td>1</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>1659</td><td>1100</td><td>100</td><td>-</td><td>40</td><td>0</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>743</td><td>283</td><td>139</td><td>971</td><td>472</td><td>1443</td><td>-</td><td>33</td><td>7177</td></tr><tr><td>1961</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>1583</td><td>1</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>1533</td><td>790</td><td>127</td><td>-</td><td>27</td><td>0</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>707</td><td>232</td><td>132</td><td>811</td><td>374</td><td>1185</td><td>-</td><td>20</td><td>6337</td></tr><tr><td>1962</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>1719</td><td>1</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>1935</td><td>710</td><td>125</td><td>-</td><td>45</td><td>0</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>1459</td><td>318</td><td>356</td><td>1014</td><td>724</td><td>1738</td><td>-</td><td>23</td><td>8429</td></tr><tr><td>1963</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>1861</td><td>1</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>1786</td><td>480</td><td>145</td><td>-</td><td>23</td><td>0</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>1458</td><td>325</td><td>306</td><td>1308</td><td>417</td><td>1725</td><td>-</td><td>28</td><td>8138</td></tr><tr><td>1964</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>2069</td><td>1</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>2147</td><td>590</td><td>135</td><td>-</td><td>36</td><td>0</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>1617</td><td>307</td><td>377</td><td>1210</td><td>697</td><td>1907</td><td>-</td><td>34</td><td>9220</td></tr><tr><td>1965</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>2116</td><td>1</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>2000</td><td>590</td><td>133</td><td>-</td><td>40</td><td>0</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>1457</td><td>320</td><td>281</td><td>1043</td><td>550</td><td>1593</td><td>-</td><td>42</td><td>8573</td></tr><tr><td>1966</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>2369</td><td>1</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>1791</td><td>570</td><td>104</td><td>2</td><td>36</td><td>0</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>1238</td><td>387</td><td>287</td><td>1049</td><td>546</td><td>1595</td><td>-</td><td>42</td><td>8422</td></tr><tr><td>1967</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>2863</td><td>1</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>1980</td><td>883</td><td>144</td><td>2</td><td>25</td><td>0</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>1463</td><td>420</td><td>449</td><td>1233</td><td>884</td><td>2117</td><td>-</td><td>43</td><td>10390</td></tr><tr><td>1968</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>2111</td><td>1</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>1514</td><td>827</td><td>161</td><td>1</td><td>20</td><td>0</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>1413</td><td>282</td><td>312</td><td>1021</td><td>557</td><td>1578</td><td>-</td><td>38</td><td>8258</td></tr><tr><td>1969</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>2202</td><td>1</td><td>801</td><td>582</td><td>1383</td><td>360</td><td>131</td><td>2</td><td>22</td><td>0</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>1730</td><td>377</td><td>267</td><td>997</td><td>958</td><td>1955</td><td>-</td><td>54</td><td>8484</td></tr><tr><td>1970</td><td>1562</td><td>761</td><td>2323</td><td>1</td><td>815</td><td>356</td><td>1171</td><td>448</td><td>182</td><td>13</td><td>20</td><td>0</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>1787</td><td>527</td><td>297</td><td>775</td><td>617</td><td>1392</td><td>-</td><td>45</td><td>8206</td></tr><tr><td>1971</td><td>1482</td><td>510</td><td>1992</td><td>1</td><td>771</td><td>436</td><td>1207</td><td>417</td><td>196</td><td>8</td><td>17</td><td>1</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>1639</td><td>426</td><td>234</td><td>719</td><td>702</td><td>1421</td><td>-</td><td>16</td><td>7574</td></tr><tr><td>1972</td><td>1201</td><td>558</td><td>1759</td><td>1</td><td>1064</td><td>514</td><td>1578</td><td>462</td><td>245</td><td>5</td><td>17</td><td>1</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>32</td><td>200</td><td>1604</td><td>1804</td><td>442</td><td>210</td><td>1013</td><td>714</td><td>1727</td><td>34</td><td>40</td><td>8356</td></tr><tr><td>1973</td><td>1651</td><td>783</td><td>2434</td><td>3</td><td>1220</td><td>506</td><td>1726</td><td>772</td><td>148</td><td>8</td><td>22</td><td>1</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>50</td><td>244</td><td>1686</td><td>1930</td><td>450</td><td>182</td><td>1158</td><td>848</td><td>2006</td><td>12</td><td>24</td><td>9767</td></tr></tbody></table>
<table><thead><tr><th rowspan="3">Year</th><th colspan="3">NAC Area</th><th colspan="9">NEAC (N. Area)</th><th colspan="9">NEAC (S. Area)</th><th colspan="3">Total</th></tr><tr><th colspan="3">Canada (1)</th><th colspan="3">Norway(2)</th><th colspan="3">Iceland</th><th colspan="3">Sweden</th><th colspan="3">Finland</th><th colspan="3">Ireland(4,5)</th><th colspan="3">UK (E&W)</th><th colspan="3">UK (N.I.)(4,6)</th><th colspan="3">France</th><th colspan="3">Spain</th><th rowspan="2">T</th></tr><tr><th>Lg</th><th>Sm</th><th>T</th><th>T</th><th>S</th><th>G</th><th>T</th><th>T</th><th>Wild</th><th>Ranch</th><th>Wild</th><th>Ranch</th><th>Denmark</th><th>S</th><th>G</th><th>T</th><th>S</th><th>G</th><th>T</th><th>T</th><th>T</th><th>S</th><th>G</th><th>T</th><th>T</th><th>T</th><th>T</th><th>T</th><th>T</th><th>T</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>1974</td><td>1589</td><td>950</td><td>2539</td><td>1</td><td>1149</td><td>484</td><td>1633</td><td>709</td><td>215</td><td>10</td><td>31</td><td>1</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>76</td><td>170</td><td>1958</td><td>2128</td><td>383</td><td>184</td><td>912</td><td>716</td><td>1628</td><td>13</td><td>16</td><td>9566</td></tr><tr><td>1975</td><td>1573</td><td>912</td><td>2485</td><td>2</td><td>1038</td><td>499</td><td>1537</td><td>811</td><td>145</td><td>21</td><td>26</td><td>0</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>76</td><td>274</td><td>1942</td><td>2216</td><td>447</td><td>164</td><td>1007</td><td>614</td><td>1621</td><td>25</td><td>27</td><td>9603</td></tr><tr><td>1976</td><td>1721</td><td>785</td><td>2506</td><td>1</td><td>1063</td><td>467</td><td>1530</td><td>542</td><td>216</td><td>9</td><td>20</td><td>0</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>66</td><td>109</td><td>1452</td><td>1561</td><td>208</td><td>113</td><td>522</td><td>497</td><td>1019</td><td>9</td><td>21</td><td>7821</td></tr><tr><td>1977</td><td>1883</td><td>662</td><td>2545</td><td>2</td><td>1018</td><td>470</td><td>1488</td><td>497</td><td>123</td><td>7</td><td>9</td><td>1</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>59</td><td>145</td><td>1227</td><td>1372</td><td>345</td><td>110</td><td>639</td><td>521</td><td>1160</td><td>19</td><td>19</td><td>7755</td></tr><tr><td>1978</td><td>1225</td><td>320</td><td>1545</td><td>4</td><td>668</td><td>382</td><td>1050</td><td>476</td><td>285</td><td>6</td><td>10</td><td>0</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>37</td><td>147</td><td>1082</td><td>1229</td><td>349</td><td>148</td><td>781</td><td>542</td><td>1323</td><td>20</td><td>32</td><td>6514</td></tr><tr><td>1979</td><td>705</td><td>582</td><td>1287</td><td>3</td><td>1150</td><td>681</td><td>1831</td><td>455</td><td>219</td><td>6</td><td>11</td><td>1</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>26</td><td>105</td><td>922</td><td>1027</td><td>261</td><td>99</td><td>598</td><td>478</td><td>1076</td><td>10</td><td>29</td><td>6340</td></tr><tr><td>1980</td><td>1763</td><td>917</td><td>2680</td><td>6</td><td>1352</td><td>478</td><td>1830</td><td>664</td><td>241</td><td>8</td><td>16</td><td>1</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>34</td><td>202</td><td>745</td><td>947</td><td>360</td><td>122</td><td>851</td><td>283</td><td>1134</td><td>30</td><td>47</td><td>8119</td></tr><tr><td>1981</td><td>1619</td><td>818</td><td>2437</td><td>6</td><td>1189</td><td>467</td><td>1656</td><td>463</td><td>147</td><td>16</td><td>25</td><td>1</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>44</td><td>164</td><td>521</td><td>685</td><td>493</td><td>101</td><td>844</td><td>389</td><td>1233</td><td>20</td><td>25</td><td>7351</td></tr><tr><td>1982</td><td>1082</td><td>716</td><td>1798</td><td>6</td><td>985</td><td>363</td><td>1348</td><td>364</td><td>130</td><td>17</td><td>24</td><td>1</td><td>-</td><td>49</td><td>5</td><td>54</td><td>63</td><td>930</td><td>993</td><td>286</td><td>132</td><td>596</td><td>496</td><td>1092</td><td>20</td><td>10</td><td>6275</td></tr><tr><td>1983</td><td>911</td><td>513</td><td>1424</td><td>1</td><td>957</td><td>593</td><td>1550</td><td>507</td><td>166</td><td>32</td><td>27</td><td>1</td><td>-</td><td>51</td><td>7</td><td>58</td><td>150</td><td>1506</td><td>1656</td><td>429</td><td>187</td><td>672</td><td>549</td><td>1221</td><td>16</td><td>23</td><td>7298</td></tr><tr><td>1984</td><td>645</td><td>467</td><td>1112</td><td>2</td><td>995</td><td>628</td><td>1623</td><td>593</td><td>139</td><td>20</td><td>39</td><td>1</td><td>-</td><td>37</td><td>9</td><td>46</td><td>101</td><td>728</td><td>829</td><td>345</td><td>78</td><td>504</td><td>509</td><td>1013</td><td>25</td><td>18</td><td>5882</td></tr><tr><td>1985</td><td>540</td><td>593</td><td>1133</td><td>2</td><td>923</td><td>638</td><td>1561</td><td>659</td><td>162</td><td>55</td><td>44</td><td>1</td><td>-</td><td>38</td><td>11</td><td>49</td><td>100</td><td>1495</td><td>1595</td><td>361</td><td>98</td><td>514</td><td>399</td><td>913</td><td>22</td><td>13</td><td>6667</td></tr><tr><td>1986</td><td>779</td><td>780</td><td>1559</td><td>2</td><td>1042</td><td>556</td><td>1598</td><td>608</td><td>232</td><td>59</td><td>52</td><td>2</td><td>-</td><td>25</td><td>12</td><td>37</td><td>136</td><td>1594</td><td>1730</td><td>430</td><td>109</td><td>745</td><td>526</td><td>1271</td><td>28</td><td>27</td><td>7742</td></tr><tr><td>1987</td><td>951</td><td>833</td><td>1784</td><td>1</td><td>894</td><td>491</td><td>1385</td><td>564</td><td>181</td><td>40</td><td>43</td><td>4</td><td>-</td><td>34</td><td>15</td><td>49</td><td>127</td><td>1112</td><td>1239</td><td>302</td><td>56</td><td>503</td><td>419</td><td>922</td><td>27</td><td>18</td><td>6611</td></tr><tr><td>1988</td><td>633</td><td>677</td><td>1310</td><td>1</td><td>656</td><td>420</td><td>1076</td><td>420</td><td>217</td><td>180</td><td>36</td><td>4</td><td>-</td><td>27</td><td>9</td><td>36</td><td>141</td><td>1733</td><td>1874</td><td>395</td><td>114</td><td>501</td><td>381</td><td>882</td><td>32</td><td>18</td><td>6591</td></tr></tbody></table>
<table><thead><tr><th rowspan="3">Year</th><th colspan="3">NAC Area</th><th colspan="8">NEAC (N. Area)</th><th colspan="8">NEAC (S. Area)</th><th colspan="8">Total</th></tr><tr><th colspan="3">Canada (1)</th><th colspan="3">Norway(2)</th><th colspan="3">Russia(3)</th><th colspan="3">Iceland</th><th colspan="3">Sweden</th><th colspan="3">Finland</th><th colspan="3">Ireland(4,5)</th><th colspan="3">UK (E&W)</th><th colspan="3">UK (N.I.)(4,6)</th><th colspan="3">UK (Scotland)(7)</th><th colspan="3">France</th><th colspan="3">Spain</th></tr><tr><th>Lg</th><th>Sm</th><th>T</th><th>T</th><th>S</th><th>G</th><th>T</th><th>T</th><th>T</th><th>T</th><th>T</th><th>T</th><th>T</th><th>T</th><th>T</th><th>T</th><th>S</th><th>G</th><th>T</th><th>S</th><th>G</th><th>T</th><th>T</th><th>T</th><th>S</th><th>G</th><th>T</th><th>T</th><th>T</th><th>T</th><th>T</th><th>T</th><th>T</th><th>T</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>2004</td><td>68</td><td>94</td><td>161</td><td>0</td><td>577</td><td>207</td><td>784</td><td>82</td><td>112</td><td>18</td><td>13</td><td>7</td><td>4</td><td>32</td><td>7</td><td>39</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>489</td><td>111</td><td>48</td><td>159</td><td>88</td><td>247</td><td>19</td><td>7</td><td>2133</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>2005</td><td>56</td><td>83</td><td>139</td><td>0</td><td>581</td><td>307</td><td>888</td><td>82</td><td>129</td><td>21</td><td>9</td><td>6</td><td>8</td><td>31</td><td>16</td><td>47</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>422</td><td>97</td><td>52</td><td>126</td><td>91</td><td>217</td><td>11</td><td>13</td><td>2133</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>2006</td><td>55</td><td>82</td><td>137</td><td>0</td><td>671</td><td>261</td><td>932</td><td>91</td><td>93</td><td>17</td><td>8</td><td>6</td><td>2</td><td>38</td><td>29</td><td>67</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>326</td><td>80</td><td>28</td><td>118</td><td>75</td><td>193</td><td>13</td><td>11</td><td>1999</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>2007</td><td>49</td><td>63</td><td>112</td><td>0</td><td>627</td><td>140</td><td>767</td><td>63</td><td>93</td><td>36</td><td>6</td><td>10</td><td>3</td><td>52</td><td>6</td><td>59</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>85</td><td>67</td><td>30</td><td>100</td><td>71</td><td>171</td><td>11</td><td>9</td><td>1511</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>2008</td><td>57</td><td>100</td><td>157</td><td>0</td><td>637</td><td>170</td><td>807</td><td>73</td><td>132</td><td>69</td><td>8</td><td>10</td><td>9</td><td>65</td><td>6</td><td>71</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>89</td><td>64</td><td>21</td><td>110</td><td>51</td><td>161</td><td>12</td><td>9</td><td>1680</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>2009</td><td>52</td><td>74</td><td>126</td><td>0</td><td>460</td><td>135</td><td>595</td><td>71</td><td>126</td><td>44</td><td>7</td><td>10</td><td>8</td><td>25</td><td>13</td><td>38</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>68</td><td>54</td><td>16</td><td>83</td><td>37</td><td>121</td><td>5</td><td>2</td><td>1282</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>2010</td><td>53</td><td>100</td><td>153</td><td>0</td><td>458</td><td>184</td><td>642</td><td>88</td><td>147</td><td>42</td><td>9</td><td>13</td><td>13</td><td>37</td><td>13</td><td>49</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>99</td><td>109</td><td>12</td><td>111</td><td>69</td><td>180</td><td>10</td><td>2</td><td>1554</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>2011</td><td>69</td><td>110</td><td>179</td><td>0</td><td>556</td><td>140</td><td>696</td><td>89</td><td>98</td><td>30</td><td>20</td><td>19</td><td>13</td><td>29</td><td>15</td><td>44</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>87</td><td>136</td><td>10</td><td>126</td><td>33</td><td>159</td><td>11</td><td>7</td><td>1579</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>2012</td><td>52</td><td>74</td><td>126</td><td>0</td><td>534</td><td>162</td><td>696</td><td>82</td><td>50</td><td>20</td><td>21</td><td>9</td><td>12</td><td>31</td><td>33</td><td>64</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>88</td><td>58</td><td>9</td><td>84</td><td>40</td><td>124</td><td>10</td><td>8</td><td>1368</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>2013</td><td>66</td><td>72</td><td>138</td><td>0</td><td>358</td><td>117</td><td>475</td><td>78</td><td>116</td><td>31</td><td>10</td><td>4</td><td>11</td><td>32</td><td>14</td><td>46</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>87</td><td>84</td><td>4</td><td>74</td><td>45</td><td>119</td><td>11</td><td>4</td><td>1217</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>2014</td><td>41</td><td>77</td><td>118</td><td>0</td><td>319</td><td>171</td><td>490</td><td>81</td><td>51</td><td>18</td><td>24</td><td>6</td><td>9</td><td>31</td><td>26</td><td>58</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>56</td><td>54</td><td>5</td><td>58</td><td>26</td><td>84</td><td>12</td><td>6</td><td>1071</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>2015</td><td>54</td><td>86</td><td>140</td><td>0</td><td>430</td><td>153</td><td>583</td><td>80</td><td>94</td><td>31</td><td>9</td><td>7</td><td>9</td><td>32</td><td>13</td><td>45</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>63</td><td>68</td><td>3</td><td>39</td><td>29</td><td>68</td><td>16</td><td>5</td><td>1222</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>2016</td><td>56</td><td>79</td><td>135</td><td>0</td><td>495</td><td>117</td><td>612</td><td>56</td><td>71</td><td>34</td><td>6</td><td>3</td><td>9</td><td>37</td><td>14</td><td>51</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>58</td><td>86</td><td>5</td><td>18</td><td>8</td><td>27</td><td>6</td><td>5</td><td>1164</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>2017</td><td>55</td><td>55</td><td>110</td><td>0</td><td>503</td><td>164</td><td>667</td><td>47</td><td>66</td><td>24</td><td>6</td><td>10</td><td>12</td><td>27</td><td>5</td><td>32</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>59</td><td>49</td><td>5</td><td>19</td><td>7</td><td>27</td><td>10</td><td>2</td><td>1125</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>2018</td><td>39</td><td>39</td><td>79</td><td>0</td><td>427</td><td>167</td><td>594</td><td>80</td><td>60</td><td>22</td><td>9</td><td>4</td><td>11</td><td>13</td><td>11</td><td>24</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>46</td><td>42</td><td>4</td><td>12</td><td>8</td><td>19</td><td>10</td><td>3</td><td>1008</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr></tbody></table>
<table><caption>Table 2.1.1.3. Available time-series of nominal catch (tonnes round fresh weight) and percentages of total catches taken in coastal, estuarine and in-river fisheries by country, 1996 to 2020. The way in which the nominal catch is partitioned among categories varies between countries, particularly for estuarine and coastal fisheries, see text for details.</caption><thead><tr><th rowspan="2">Country</th><th rowspan="2">Year</th><th colspan="2">Coastal</th><th colspan="2">Estuarine</th><th colspan="2">In-river</th><th>Total</th></tr><tr><th>Weight (t)</th><th>% of total</th><th>Weight (t)</th><th>% of total</th><th>Weight (t)</th><th>% of total</th><th>Weight (t)</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>Canada</td><td>2000</td><td>2</td><td>2</td><td>29</td><td>19</td><td>117</td><td>79</td><td>148</td></tr><tr><td>Canada</td><td>2001</td><td>3</td><td>2</td><td>28</td><td>20</td><td>112</td><td>78</td><td>143</td></tr><tr><td>Canada</td><td>2002</td><td>4</td><td>2</td><td>30</td><td>20</td><td>114</td><td>77</td><td>148</td></tr><tr><td>Canada</td><td>2003</td><td>5</td><td>3</td><td>36</td><td>27</td><td>96</td><td>70</td><td>137</td></tr><tr><td>Canada</td><td>2004</td><td>7</td><td>4</td><td>46</td><td>29</td><td>109</td><td>67</td><td>161</td></tr><tr><td>Canada</td><td>2005</td><td>7</td><td>5</td><td>44</td><td>32</td><td>88</td><td>63</td><td>139</td></tr><tr><td>Canada</td><td>2006</td><td>8</td><td>6</td><td>46</td><td>34</td><td>83</td><td>60</td><td>137</td></tr><tr><td>Canada</td><td>2007</td><td>6</td><td>5</td><td>36</td><td>32</td><td>70</td><td>63</td><td>112</td></tr><tr><td>Canada</td><td>2008</td><td>9</td><td>6</td><td>47</td><td>32</td><td>92</td><td>62</td><td>147</td></tr><tr><td>Canada</td><td>2009</td><td>7</td><td>6</td><td>40</td><td>33</td><td>73</td><td>61</td><td>119</td></tr><tr><td>Canada</td><td>2010</td><td>6</td><td>4</td><td>40</td><td>27</td><td>100</td><td>69</td><td>146</td></tr><tr><td>Canada</td><td>2011</td><td>7</td><td>4</td><td>56</td><td>31</td><td>115</td><td>65</td><td>178</td></tr><tr><td>Canada</td><td>2012</td><td>8</td><td>6</td><td>46</td><td>36</td><td>73</td><td>57</td><td>127</td></tr><tr><td>Canada</td><td>2013</td><td>8</td><td>6</td><td>49</td><td>36</td><td>80</td><td>58</td><td>137</td></tr><tr><td>Canada</td><td>2014</td><td>7</td><td>6</td><td>28</td><td>24</td><td>83</td><td>71</td><td>118</td></tr><tr><td>Canada</td><td>2015</td><td>8</td><td>6</td><td>35</td><td>25</td><td>97</td><td>69</td><td>140</td></tr><tr><td>Canada</td><td>2016</td><td>8</td><td>6</td><td>34</td><td>25</td><td>93</td><td>69</td><td>135</td></tr><tr><td>Canada</td><td>2017</td><td>7</td><td>6</td><td>35</td><td>32</td><td>68</td><td>62</td><td>110</td></tr><tr><td>Canada</td><td>2018</td><td>7</td><td>9</td><td>35</td><td>45</td><td>36</td><td>46</td><td>79</td></tr><tr><td>Canada</td><td>2019</td><td>6</td><td>6</td><td>40</td><td>40</td><td>54</td><td>54</td><td>100</td></tr><tr><td>Canada</td><td>2020</td><td>7</td><td>7</td><td>44</td><td>42</td><td>53</td><td>51</td><td>104</td></tr><tr><td>Finland</td><td>1996</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>44</td><td>100</td><td>44</td></tr><tr><td>Finland</td><td>1997</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>45</td><td>100</td><td>45</td></tr><tr><td>Finland</td><td>1998</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>48</td><td>100</td><td>48</td></tr><tr><td>Finland</td><td>1999</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>63</td><td>100</td><td>63</td></tr><tr><td>Finland</td><td>2000</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>96</td><td>100</td><td>96</td></tr><tr><td>Finland</td><td>2001</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>126</td><td>100</td><td>126</td></tr><tr><td>Finland</td><td>2002</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>94</td><td>100</td><td>94</td></tr><tr><td>Finland</td><td>2003</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>75</td><td>100</td><td>75</td></tr><tr><td>Finland</td><td>2004</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>39</td><td>100</td><td>39</td></tr><tr><td>Finland</td><td>2005</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>47</td><td>100</td><td>47</td></tr><tr><td>Finland</td><td>2006</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>67</td><td>100</td><td>67</td></tr><tr><td>Finland</td><td>2007</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>59</td><td>100</td><td>59</td></tr><tr><td>Finland</td><td>2008</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>71</td><td>100</td><td>71</td></tr><tr><td>Finland</td><td>2009</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>38</td><td>100</td><td>38</td></tr></tbody></table>
<table><thead><tr><th rowspan="2">Country</th><th rowspan="2">Year</th><th colspan="2">Coastal</th><th colspan="2">Estuarine</th><th colspan="2">In-river</th><th colspan="2">Total</th></tr><tr><th>Weight (t)</th><th>% of total</th><th>Weight (t)</th><th>% of total</th><th>Weight (t)</th><th>% of total</th><th>Weight (t)</th><th>% of total</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>Finland</td><td>2010</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>49</td><td>100</td><td>49</td><td>49</td></tr><tr><td>Finland</td><td>2011</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>44</td><td>100</td><td>44</td><td>44</td></tr><tr><td>Finland</td><td>2012</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>64</td><td>100</td><td>64</td><td>64</td></tr><tr><td>Finland</td><td>2013</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>46</td><td>100</td><td>46</td><td>46</td></tr><tr><td>Finland</td><td>2014</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>58</td><td>100</td><td>58</td><td>58</td></tr><tr><td>Finland</td><td>2015</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>45</td><td>100</td><td>45</td><td>45</td></tr><tr><td>Finland</td><td>2016</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>51</td><td>100</td><td>51</td><td>51</td></tr><tr><td>Finland</td><td>2017</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>32</td><td>100</td><td>32</td><td>32</td></tr><tr><td>Finland</td><td>2018</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>24</td><td>100</td><td>24</td><td>24</td></tr><tr><td>Finland</td><td>2019</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>21</td><td>100</td><td>21</td><td>21</td></tr><tr><td>Finland</td><td>2020</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>16</td><td>100</td><td>16</td><td>16</td></tr><tr><td>France (1,4)</td><td>1996</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>4</td><td>31</td><td>9</td><td>69</td><td>13</td><td>13</td></tr><tr><td>France</td><td>1997</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>3</td><td>38</td><td>5</td><td>63</td><td>8</td><td>8</td></tr><tr><td>France</td><td>1998</td><td>1</td><td>13</td><td>2</td><td>25</td><td>5</td><td>63</td><td>8</td><td>8</td></tr><tr><td>France</td><td>1999</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>4</td><td>35</td><td>7</td><td>65</td><td>11</td><td>11</td></tr><tr><td>France</td><td>2000</td><td>0</td><td>4</td><td>4</td><td>35</td><td>7</td><td>61</td><td>11</td><td>11</td></tr><tr><td>France</td><td>2001</td><td>0</td><td>4</td><td>5</td><td>44</td><td>6</td><td>53</td><td>11</td><td>11</td></tr><tr><td>France</td><td>2002</td><td>2</td><td>14</td><td>4</td><td>30</td><td>6</td><td>56</td><td>12</td><td>12</td></tr><tr><td>France</td><td>2003</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>6</td><td>44</td><td>7</td><td>56</td><td>13</td><td>13</td></tr><tr><td>France</td><td>2004</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>10</td><td>51</td><td>9</td><td>49</td><td>19</td><td>19</td></tr><tr><td>France</td><td>2005</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>4</td><td>38</td><td>7</td><td>62</td><td>11</td><td>11</td></tr><tr><td>France</td><td>2006</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>5</td><td>41</td><td>8</td><td>59</td><td>13</td><td>13</td></tr><tr><td>France</td><td>2007</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>4</td><td>42</td><td>6</td><td>58</td><td>11</td><td>11</td></tr><tr><td>France</td><td>2008</td><td>1</td><td>5</td><td>5</td><td>39</td><td>7</td><td>57</td><td>12</td><td>12</td></tr><tr><td>France</td><td>2009</td><td>0</td><td>4</td><td>2</td><td>34</td><td>3</td><td>62</td><td>5</td><td>5</td></tr><tr><td>France</td><td>2010</td><td>2</td><td>22</td><td>3</td><td>26</td><td>5</td><td>52</td><td>10</td><td>10</td></tr><tr><td>France</td><td>2011</td><td>0</td><td>3</td><td>6</td><td>54</td><td>5</td><td>43</td><td>11</td><td>11</td></tr><tr><td>France</td><td>2012</td><td>0</td><td>1</td><td>4</td><td>44</td><td>5</td><td>55</td><td>10</td><td>10</td></tr><tr><td>France</td><td>2013</td><td>0</td><td>3</td><td>4</td><td>40</td><td>6</td><td>57</td><td>11</td><td>11</td></tr><tr><td>France</td><td>2014</td><td>0</td><td>2</td><td>5</td><td>43</td><td>7</td><td>55</td><td>12</td><td>12</td></tr><tr><td>France</td><td>2015</td><td>4</td><td>23</td><td>5</td><td>32</td><td>7</td><td>45</td><td>16</td><td>16</td></tr><tr><td>France</td><td>2016</td><td>0</td><td>2</td><td>3</td><td>45</td><td>3</td><td>52</td><td>6</td><td>6</td></tr><tr><td>France</td><td>2017</td><td>1</td><td>5</td><td>3</td><td>36</td><td>6</td><td>59</td><td>10</td><td>10</td></tr><tr><td>France</td><td>2018</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>5</td><td>47</td><td>6</td><td>53</td><td>11</td><td>11</td></tr><tr><td>France</td><td>2019</td><td>0</td><td>2</td><td>8</td><td>52</td><td>7</td><td>46</td><td>15</td><td>15</td></tr><tr><td>France</td><td>2020</td><td>0</td><td>1</td><td>4</td><td>48</td><td>4</td><td>51</td><td>8</td><td>8</td></tr><tr><td>Iceland (6)</td><td>1996</td><td>11</td><td>9</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>111</td><td>91</td><td>122</td><td>122</td></tr></tbody></table>
<table><thead><tr><th rowspan="2">Country</th><th rowspan="2">Year</th><th colspan="2">Coastal</th><th colspan="2">Estuarine</th><th colspan="2">In-river</th><th colspan="2">Total</th></tr><tr><th>Weight (t)</th><th>% of total</th><th>Weight (t)</th><th>% of total</th><th>Weight (t)</th><th>% of total</th><th>Weight (t)</th><th>% of total</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>Iceland</td><td>1997</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>156</td><td>100</td><td>156</td><td>100</td></tr><tr><td>Iceland</td><td>1998</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>164</td><td>100</td><td>164</td><td>100</td></tr><tr><td>Iceland</td><td>1999</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>147</td><td>100</td><td>147</td><td>100</td></tr><tr><td>Iceland</td><td>2000</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>85</td><td>100</td><td>85</td><td>100</td></tr><tr><td>Iceland</td><td>2001</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>88</td><td>100</td><td>88</td><td>100</td></tr><tr><td>Iceland</td><td>2002</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>97</td><td>100</td><td>97</td><td>100</td></tr><tr><td>Iceland</td><td>2003</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>110</td><td>100</td><td>110</td><td>100</td></tr><tr><td>Iceland</td><td>2004</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>130</td><td>100</td><td>130</td><td>100</td></tr><tr><td>Iceland</td><td>2005</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>149</td><td>100</td><td>149</td><td>100</td></tr><tr><td>Iceland</td><td>2006</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>111</td><td>100</td><td>111</td><td>100</td></tr><tr><td>Iceland</td><td>2007</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>129</td><td>100</td><td>129</td><td>100</td></tr><tr><td>Iceland</td><td>2008</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>200</td><td>100</td><td>200</td><td>100</td></tr><tr><td>Iceland</td><td>2009</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>171</td><td>100</td><td>171</td><td>100</td></tr><tr><td>Iceland</td><td>2010</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>190</td><td>100</td><td>190</td><td>100</td></tr><tr><td>Iceland</td><td>2011</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>128</td><td>100</td><td>128</td><td>100</td></tr><tr><td>Iceland</td><td>2012</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>70</td><td>100</td><td>70</td><td>100</td></tr><tr><td>Iceland</td><td>2013</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>147</td><td>100</td><td>147</td><td>100</td></tr><tr><td>Iceland</td><td>2014</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>68</td><td>100</td><td>68</td><td>100</td></tr><tr><td>Iceland</td><td>2015</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>125</td><td>100</td><td>125</td><td>100</td></tr><tr><td>Iceland</td><td>2016</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>105</td><td>100</td><td>105</td><td>100</td></tr><tr><td>Iceland</td><td>2017</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>90</td><td>100</td><td>90</td><td>100</td></tr><tr><td>Iceland</td><td>2018</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>82</td><td>100</td><td>82</td><td>100</td></tr><tr><td>Iceland</td><td>2019</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>51</td><td>100</td><td>51</td><td>100</td></tr><tr><td>Iceland</td><td>2020</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>70</td><td>100</td><td>70</td><td>100</td></tr><tr><td>Ireland</td><td>1996</td><td>440</td><td>64</td><td>134</td><td>20</td><td>110</td><td>16</td><td>684</td><td>100</td></tr><tr><td>Ireland</td><td>1997</td><td>380</td><td>67</td><td>100</td><td>18</td><td>91</td><td>16</td><td>571</td><td>100</td></tr><tr><td>Ireland</td><td>1998</td><td>433</td><td>69</td><td>92</td><td>15</td><td>99</td><td>16</td><td>624</td><td>100</td></tr><tr><td>Ireland</td><td>1999</td><td>335</td><td>65</td><td>83</td><td>16</td><td>97</td><td>19</td><td>515</td><td>100</td></tr><tr><td>Ireland</td><td>2000</td><td>440</td><td>71</td><td>79</td><td>13</td><td>102</td><td>16</td><td>621</td><td>100</td></tr><tr><td>Ireland</td><td>2001</td><td>551</td><td>75</td><td>109</td><td>15</td><td>70</td><td>10</td><td>730</td><td>100</td></tr><tr><td>Ireland</td><td>2002</td><td>514</td><td>75</td><td>89</td><td>13</td><td>79</td><td>12</td><td>682</td><td>100</td></tr><tr><td>Ireland</td><td>2003</td><td>403</td><td>73</td><td>92</td><td>17</td><td>56</td><td>10</td><td>551</td><td>100</td></tr><tr><td>Ireland</td><td>2004</td><td>342</td><td>70</td><td>76</td><td>16</td><td>71</td><td>15</td><td>489</td><td>100</td></tr><tr><td>Ireland</td><td>2005</td><td>291</td><td>69</td><td>70</td><td>17</td><td>60</td><td>14</td><td>421</td><td>100</td></tr><tr><td>Ireland</td><td>2006</td><td>206</td><td>63</td><td>60</td><td>18</td><td>61</td><td>19</td><td>327</td><td>100</td></tr><tr><td>Ireland</td><td>2007</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>31</td><td>37</td><td>52</td><td>63</td><td>83</td><td>100</td></tr><tr><td>Ireland</td><td>2008</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>29</td><td>33</td><td>60</td><td>67</td><td>89</td><td>100</td></tr></tbody></table>
<table><thead><tr><th rowspan="2">Country</th><th rowspan="2">Year</th><th colspan="2">Coastal</th><th colspan="2">Estuarine</th><th colspan="2">In-river</th><th colspan="2">Total</th></tr><tr><th>Weight (t)</th><th>% of total</th><th>Weight (t)</th><th>% of total</th><th>Weight (t)</th><th>% of total</th><th>Weight (t)</th><th>% of total</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>Ireland</td><td>2009</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>21</td><td>31</td><td>47</td><td>69</td><td>68</td><td>69</td></tr><tr><td>Ireland</td><td>2010</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>38</td><td>39</td><td>60</td><td>61</td><td>99</td><td>61</td></tr><tr><td>Ireland</td><td>2011</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>32</td><td>37</td><td>55</td><td>63</td><td>87</td><td>63</td></tr><tr><td>Ireland</td><td>2012</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>28</td><td>32</td><td>60</td><td>68</td><td>88</td><td>68</td></tr><tr><td>Ireland</td><td>2013</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>38</td><td>44</td><td>49</td><td>56</td><td>87</td><td>56</td></tr><tr><td>Ireland</td><td>2014</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>26</td><td>46</td><td>31</td><td>54</td><td>57</td><td>54</td></tr><tr><td>Ireland</td><td>2015</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>21</td><td>33</td><td>42</td><td>67</td><td>63</td><td>67</td></tr><tr><td>Ireland</td><td>2016</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>19</td><td>33</td><td>39</td><td>67</td><td>58</td><td>67</td></tr><tr><td>Ireland</td><td>2017</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>18</td><td>31</td><td>41</td><td>69</td><td>59</td><td>69</td></tr><tr><td>Ireland</td><td>2018</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>15</td><td>33</td><td>31</td><td>67</td><td>46</td><td>67</td></tr><tr><td>Ireland</td><td>2019</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>15</td><td>35</td><td>29</td><td>65</td><td>45</td><td>65</td></tr><tr><td>Ireland</td><td>2020</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>17</td><td>27</td><td>46</td><td>73</td><td>62</td><td>73</td></tr><tr><td>Norway</td><td>1996</td><td>520</td><td>66</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>267</td><td>34</td><td>787</td><td>787</td></tr><tr><td>Norway</td><td>1997</td><td>394</td><td>63</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>235</td><td>37</td><td>629</td><td>629</td></tr><tr><td>Norway</td><td>1998</td><td>410</td><td>55</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>331</td><td>45</td><td>741</td><td>741</td></tr><tr><td>Norway</td><td>1999</td><td>483</td><td>60</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>327</td><td>40</td><td>810</td><td>810</td></tr><tr><td>Norway</td><td>2000</td><td>619</td><td>53</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>557</td><td>47</td><td>1176</td><td>1176</td></tr><tr><td>Norway</td><td>2001</td><td>696</td><td>55</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>570</td><td>45</td><td>1266</td><td>1266</td></tr><tr><td>Norway</td><td>2002</td><td>596</td><td>58</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>423</td><td>42</td><td>1019</td><td>1019</td></tr><tr><td>Norway</td><td>2003</td><td>597</td><td>56</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>474</td><td>44</td><td>1071</td><td>1071</td></tr><tr><td>Norway</td><td>2004</td><td>469</td><td>60</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>316</td><td>40</td><td>785</td><td>785</td></tr><tr><td>Norway</td><td>2005</td><td>463</td><td>52</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>424</td><td>48</td><td>888</td><td>888</td></tr><tr><td>Norway</td><td>2006</td><td>512</td><td>55</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>420</td><td>45</td><td>932</td><td>932</td></tr><tr><td>Norway</td><td>2007</td><td>427</td><td>56</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>340</td><td>44</td><td>767</td><td>767</td></tr><tr><td>Norway</td><td>2008</td><td>382</td><td>47</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>425</td><td>53</td><td>807</td><td>807</td></tr><tr><td>Norway</td><td>2009</td><td>284</td><td>48</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>312</td><td>52</td><td>595</td><td>595</td></tr><tr><td>Norway</td><td>2010</td><td>260</td><td>41</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>382</td><td>59</td><td>642</td><td>642</td></tr><tr><td>Norway</td><td>2011</td><td>302</td><td>43</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>394</td><td>57</td><td>696</td><td>696</td></tr><tr><td>Norway</td><td>2012</td><td>255</td><td>37</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>440</td><td>63</td><td>696</td><td>696</td></tr><tr><td>Norway</td><td>2013</td><td>192</td><td>40</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>283</td><td>60</td><td>475</td><td>475</td></tr><tr><td>Norway</td><td>2014</td><td>213</td><td>43</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>277</td><td>57</td><td>490</td><td>490</td></tr><tr><td>Norway</td><td>2015</td><td>233</td><td>40</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>350</td><td>60</td><td>583</td><td>583</td></tr><tr><td>Norway</td><td>2016</td><td>269</td><td>44</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>343</td><td>56</td><td>612</td><td>612</td></tr><tr><td>Norway</td><td>2017</td><td>290</td><td>44</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>376</td><td>56</td><td>666</td><td>666</td></tr><tr><td>Norway</td><td>2018</td><td>323</td><td>54</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>271</td><td>46</td><td>594</td><td>594</td></tr><tr><td>Norway</td><td>2019</td><td>219</td><td>43</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>293</td><td>57</td><td>513</td><td>513</td></tr><tr><td>Norway</td><td>2020</td><td>215</td><td>41</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>312</td><td>59</td><td>527</td><td>527</td></tr></tbody></table>
<table><thead><tr><th rowspan="2">Country</th><th rowspan="2">Year</th><th colspan="2">Coastal</th><th colspan="2">Estuarine</th><th colspan="2">In-river</th><th colspan="2">Total</th></tr><tr><th>Weight (t)</th><th>% of total</th><th>Weight (t)</th><th>% of total</th><th>Weight (t)</th><th>% of total</th><th>Weight (t)</th><th>% of total</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>Russia</td><td>1996</td><td>64</td><td>49</td><td>21</td><td>16</td><td>46</td><td>35</td><td>131</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Russia</td><td>1997</td><td>63</td><td>57</td><td>17</td><td>15</td><td>32</td><td>28</td><td>111</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Russia</td><td>1998</td><td>55</td><td>42</td><td>2</td><td>2</td><td>74</td><td>56</td><td>131</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Russia</td><td>1999</td><td>48</td><td>47</td><td>2</td><td>2</td><td>52</td><td>51</td><td>102</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Russia</td><td>2000</td><td>64</td><td>52</td><td>15</td><td>12</td><td>45</td><td>36</td><td>124</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Russia</td><td>2001</td><td>70</td><td>61</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>44</td><td>39</td><td>114</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Russia</td><td>2002</td><td>60</td><td>51</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>58</td><td>49</td><td>118</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Russia</td><td>2003</td><td>57</td><td>53</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>50</td><td>47</td><td>107</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Russia</td><td>2004</td><td>46</td><td>56</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>36</td><td>44</td><td>82</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Russia</td><td>2005</td><td>58</td><td>70</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>25</td><td>30</td><td>82</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Russia</td><td>2006</td><td>52</td><td>57</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>39</td><td>43</td><td>91</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Russia</td><td>2007</td><td>31</td><td>50</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>31</td><td>50</td><td>63</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Russia</td><td>2008</td><td>33</td><td>45</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>40</td><td>55</td><td>73</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Russia</td><td>2009</td><td>22</td><td>31</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>49</td><td>69</td><td>71</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Russia</td><td>2010</td><td>36</td><td>41</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>52</td><td>59</td><td>88</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Russia</td><td>2011</td><td>37</td><td>42</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>52</td><td>58</td><td>89</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Russia</td><td>2012</td><td>38</td><td>46</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>45</td><td>54</td><td>82</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Russia</td><td>2013</td><td>36</td><td>46</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>42</td><td>54</td><td>78</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Russia</td><td>2014</td><td>33</td><td>41</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>48</td><td>59</td><td>81</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Russia</td><td>2015</td><td>34</td><td>42</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>46</td><td>58</td><td>80</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Russia</td><td>2016</td><td>24</td><td>42</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>32</td><td>58</td><td>56</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Russia</td><td>2017</td><td>13</td><td>28</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>34</td><td>72</td><td>47</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Russia</td><td>2018</td><td>36</td><td>45</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>44</td><td>55</td><td>80</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Russia</td><td>2019</td><td>22</td><td>39</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>35</td><td>61</td><td>57</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Russia</td><td>2020</td><td>16</td><td>34</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>32</td><td>66</td><td>49</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Spain (5)</td><td>1996</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>7</td><td>100</td><td>7</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Spain</td><td>1997</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>4</td><td>100</td><td>4</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Spain</td><td>1998</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>4</td><td>100</td><td>4</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Spain</td><td>1999</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>6</td><td>100</td><td>6</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Spain</td><td>2000</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>7</td><td>100</td><td>7</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Spain</td><td>2001</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>13</td><td>100</td><td>13</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Spain</td><td>2002</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>9</td><td>100</td><td>9</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Spain</td><td>2003</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>7</td><td>100</td><td>7</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Spain</td><td>2004</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>7</td><td>100</td><td>7</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Spain</td><td>2005</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>13</td><td>100</td><td>13</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Spain</td><td>2006</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>11</td><td>100</td><td>11</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Spain</td><td>2007</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>9</td><td>100</td><td>9</td><td></td></tr></tbody></table>
<table><thead><tr><th rowspan="2">Country</th><th rowspan="2">Year</th><th colspan="2">Coastal</th><th colspan="2">Estuarine</th><th colspan="2">In-river</th><th colspan="2">Total</th></tr><tr><th>Weight (t)</th><th>% of total</th><th>Weight (t)</th><th>% of total</th><th>Weight (t)</th><th>% of total</th><th>Weight (t)</th><th>% of total</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>Spain</td><td>2008</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>9</td><td>100</td><td>9</td><td>9</td></tr><tr><td>Spain</td><td>2009</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>2</td><td>100</td><td>2</td><td>2</td></tr><tr><td>Spain</td><td>2010</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>2</td><td>100</td><td>2</td><td>2</td></tr><tr><td>Spain</td><td>2011</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>7</td><td>100</td><td>7</td><td>7</td></tr><tr><td>Spain</td><td>2012</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>7</td><td>100</td><td>7</td><td>7</td></tr><tr><td>Spain</td><td>2013</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>5</td><td>100</td><td>5</td><td>5</td></tr><tr><td>Spain</td><td>2014</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>6</td><td>100</td><td>6</td><td>6</td></tr><tr><td>Spain</td><td>2015</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>5</td><td>100</td><td>5</td><td>5</td></tr><tr><td>Spain</td><td>2016</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>5</td><td>100</td><td>5</td><td>5</td></tr><tr><td>Spain</td><td>2017</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>2</td><td>100</td><td>2</td><td>2</td></tr><tr><td>Spain</td><td>2018</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>3</td><td>100</td><td>3</td><td>3</td></tr><tr><td>Spain</td><td>2019</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>5</td><td>100</td><td>5</td><td>5</td></tr><tr><td>Spain</td><td>2020</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>3</td><td>5</td><td>97</td><td>5</td><td>5</td></tr><tr><td>Sweden (3)</td><td>1996</td><td>19</td><td>58</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>14</td><td>42</td><td>33</td><td>33</td></tr><tr><td>Sweden</td><td>1997</td><td>10</td><td>56</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>8</td><td>44</td><td>18</td><td>18</td></tr><tr><td>Sweden</td><td>1998</td><td>5</td><td>33</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>10</td><td>67</td><td>15</td><td>15</td></tr><tr><td>Sweden</td><td>1999</td><td>5</td><td>31</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>11</td><td>69</td><td>16</td><td>16</td></tr><tr><td>Sweden</td><td>2000</td><td>10</td><td>30</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>23</td><td>70</td><td>33</td><td>33</td></tr><tr><td>Sweden</td><td>2001</td><td>9</td><td>27</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>24</td><td>73</td><td>33</td><td>33</td></tr><tr><td>Sweden</td><td>2002</td><td>7</td><td>25</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>21</td><td>75</td><td>28</td><td>28</td></tr><tr><td>Sweden</td><td>2003</td><td>7</td><td>28</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>18</td><td>72</td><td>25</td><td>25</td></tr><tr><td>Sweden</td><td>2004</td><td>3</td><td>16</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>16</td><td>84</td><td>19</td><td>19</td></tr><tr><td>Sweden</td><td>2005</td><td>1</td><td>7</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>14</td><td>93</td><td>15</td><td>15</td></tr><tr><td>Sweden</td><td>2006</td><td>1</td><td>7</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>13</td><td>93</td><td>14</td><td>14</td></tr><tr><td>Sweden</td><td>2007</td><td>0</td><td>1</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>16</td><td>99</td><td>16</td><td>16</td></tr><tr><td>Sweden</td><td>2008</td><td>0</td><td>1</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>18</td><td>99</td><td>18</td><td>18</td></tr><tr><td>Sweden</td><td>2009</td><td>0</td><td>3</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>17</td><td>97</td><td>17</td><td>17</td></tr><tr><td>Sweden</td><td>2010</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>22</td><td>100</td><td>22</td><td>22</td></tr><tr><td>Sweden</td><td>2011</td><td>10</td><td>26</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>29</td><td>74</td><td>39</td><td>39</td></tr><tr><td>Sweden</td><td>2012</td><td>7</td><td>24</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>23</td><td>76</td><td>30</td><td>30</td></tr><tr><td>Sweden</td><td>2013</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>15</td><td>100</td><td>15</td><td>15</td></tr><tr><td>Sweden</td><td>2014</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>30</td><td>100</td><td>30</td><td>30</td></tr><tr><td>Sweden</td><td>2015</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>16</td><td>100</td><td>16</td><td>16</td></tr><tr><td>Sweden</td><td>2016</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>9</td><td>100</td><td>9</td><td>9</td></tr><tr><td>Sweden</td><td>2017</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>16</td><td>100</td><td>16</td><td>16</td></tr><tr><td>Sweden</td><td>2018</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>13</td><td>100</td><td>13</td><td>13</td></tr><tr><td>Sweden</td><td>2019</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>17</td><td>100</td><td>17</td><td>17</td></tr></tbody></table>
<table><thead><tr><th rowspan="2">Country</th><th rowspan="2">Year</th><th colspan="2">Coastal</th><th colspan="2">Estuarine</th><th colspan="2">In-river</th><th colspan="2">Total</th></tr><tr><th>Weight (t)</th><th>% of total</th><th>Weight (t)</th><th>% of total</th><th>Weight (t)</th><th>% of total</th><th>Weight (t)</th><th>% of total</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>Sweden</td><td>2020</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>14</td><td>100</td><td>14</td></tr><tr><td>UK(E & W)</td><td>1996</td><td>83</td><td>45</td><td>42</td><td>23</td><td>58</td><td>31</td><td>183</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>UK(E & W)</td><td>1997</td><td>81</td><td>57</td><td>27</td><td>19</td><td>35</td><td>24</td><td>142</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>UK(E & W)</td><td>1998</td><td>65</td><td>53</td><td>19</td><td>16</td><td>38</td><td>31</td><td>123</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>UK(E & W)</td><td>1999</td><td>101</td><td>67</td><td>23</td><td>15</td><td>26</td><td>17</td><td>150</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>UK(E & W)</td><td>2000</td><td>157</td><td>72</td><td>25</td><td>12</td><td>37</td><td>17</td><td>219</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>UK(E & W)</td><td>2001</td><td>129</td><td>70</td><td>24</td><td>13</td><td>31</td><td>17</td><td>184</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>UK(E & W)</td><td>2002</td><td>108</td><td>67</td><td>24</td><td>15</td><td>29</td><td>18</td><td>161</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>UK(E & W)</td><td>2003</td><td>42</td><td>47</td><td>27</td><td>30</td><td>20</td><td>23</td><td>89</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>UK(E & W)</td><td>2004</td><td>39</td><td>35</td><td>19</td><td>17</td><td>53</td><td>47</td><td>111</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>UK(E & W)</td><td>2005</td><td>32</td><td>33</td><td>28</td><td>29</td><td>36</td><td>37</td><td>97</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>UK(E & W)</td><td>2006</td><td>30</td><td>37</td><td>21</td><td>26</td><td>30</td><td>37</td><td>80</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>UK(E & W)</td><td>2007</td><td>24</td><td>36</td><td>13</td><td>20</td><td>30</td><td>44</td><td>67</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>UK(E & W)</td><td>2008</td><td>22</td><td>34</td><td>8</td><td>13</td><td>34</td><td>53</td><td>64</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>UK(E & W)</td><td>2009</td><td>20</td><td>37</td><td>9</td><td>16</td><td>25</td><td>47</td><td>54</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>UK(E & W)</td><td>2010</td><td>64</td><td>59</td><td>9</td><td>8</td><td>36</td><td>33</td><td>109</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>UK(E & W)</td><td>2011</td><td>93</td><td>69</td><td>6</td><td>5</td><td>36</td><td>27</td><td>136</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>UK(E & W)</td><td>2012</td><td>26</td><td>45</td><td>5</td><td>8</td><td>27</td><td>47</td><td>58</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>UK(E & W)</td><td>2013</td><td>61</td><td>73</td><td>6</td><td>7</td><td>17</td><td>20</td><td>84</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>UK(E & W)</td><td>2014</td><td>41</td><td>75</td><td>4</td><td>8</td><td>9</td><td>17</td><td>54</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>UK(E & W)</td><td>2015</td><td>55</td><td>82</td><td>4</td><td>6</td><td>8</td><td>12</td><td>68</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>UK(E & W)</td><td>2016</td><td>71</td><td>82</td><td>6</td><td>6</td><td>10</td><td>11</td><td>86</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>UK(E & W)</td><td>2017</td><td>36</td><td>73</td><td>3</td><td>7</td><td>10</td><td>19</td><td>49</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>UK(E & W)</td><td>2018</td><td>36</td><td>84</td><td>3</td><td>8</td><td>4</td><td>8</td><td>42</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>UK(E & W)</td><td>2019</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>1</td><td>12</td><td>4</td><td>88</td><td>5</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>UK(E & W)</td><td>2020</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>3</td><td>100</td><td>3</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>UK(N. Ire)</td><td>1999</td><td>44</td><td>83</td><td>9</td><td>17</td><td>na</td><td>na</td><td>53</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>UK(N. Ire) (2)</td><td>2000</td><td>63</td><td>82</td><td>14</td><td>18</td><td>na</td><td>na</td><td>77</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>UK(N. Ire)</td><td>2001</td><td>41</td><td>77</td><td>12</td><td>23</td><td>na</td><td>na</td><td>53</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>UK(N. Ire)</td><td>2002</td><td>40</td><td>49</td><td>24</td><td>29</td><td>18</td><td>22</td><td>81</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>UK(N. Ire)</td><td>2003</td><td>25</td><td>45</td><td>20</td><td>35</td><td>11</td><td>20</td><td>56</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>UK(N. Ire)</td><td>2004</td><td>23</td><td>48</td><td>11</td><td>22</td><td>14</td><td>29</td><td>48</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>UK(N. Ire)</td><td>2005</td><td>25</td><td>49</td><td>13</td><td>25</td><td>14</td><td>26</td><td>52</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>UK(N. Ire)</td><td>2006</td><td>13</td><td>45</td><td>6</td><td>22</td><td>9</td><td>32</td><td>29</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>UK(N. Ire)</td><td>2007</td><td>6</td><td>21</td><td>6</td><td>20</td><td>17</td><td>59</td><td>30</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>UK(N. Ire)</td><td>2008</td><td>4</td><td>19</td><td>5</td><td>22</td><td>12</td><td>59</td><td>21</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>UK(N. Ire)</td><td>2009</td><td>4</td><td>24</td><td>2</td><td>15</td><td>10</td><td>62</td><td>16</td><td></td></tr></tbody></table>
<table><thead><tr><th rowspan="2">Country</th><th rowspan="2">Year</th><th colspan="2">Coastal</th><th colspan="2">Estuarine</th><th colspan="2">In-river</th><th colspan="2">Total</th></tr><tr><th>Weight (t)</th><th>% of total</th><th>Weight (t)</th><th>% of total</th><th>Weight (t)</th><th>% of total</th><th>Weight (t)</th><th>% of total</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>UK(N. Ire)</td><td>2010</td><td>5</td><td>39</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>7</td><td>61</td><td>12</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>UK(N. Ire)</td><td>2011</td><td>3</td><td>24</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>8</td><td>76</td><td>10</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>UK(N. Ire)</td><td>2012</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>9</td><td>100</td><td>9</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>UK(N. Ire)</td><td>2013</td><td>0</td><td>1</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>4</td><td>99</td><td>4</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>UK(N. Ire)</td><td>2014</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>5</td><td>100</td><td>5</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>UK(N. Ire)</td><td>2015</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>3</td><td>100</td><td>3</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>UK(N. Ire)</td><td>2016</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>5</td><td>100</td><td>5</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>UK(N. Ire)</td><td>2017</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>5</td><td>100</td><td>5</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>UK(N. Ire)</td><td>2018</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>4</td><td>100</td><td>4</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>UK(N. Ire)</td><td>2019</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>2</td><td>100</td><td>2</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>UK(N. Ire)</td><td>2020</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>1</td><td>100</td><td>1</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>UK(Scot)</td><td>1996</td><td>129</td><td>30</td><td>80</td><td>19</td><td>218</td><td>51</td><td>427</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>UK(Scot)</td><td>1997</td><td>79</td><td>27</td><td>33</td><td>11</td><td>184</td><td>62</td><td>296</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>UK(Scot)</td><td>1998</td><td>60</td><td>21</td><td>28</td><td>10</td><td>195</td><td>69</td><td>283</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>UK(Scot)</td><td>1999</td><td>35</td><td>18</td><td>23</td><td>11</td><td>141</td><td>71</td><td>199</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>UK(Scot)</td><td>2000</td><td>76</td><td>28</td><td>41</td><td>15</td><td>157</td><td>57</td><td>274</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>UK(Scot)</td><td>2001</td><td>77</td><td>30</td><td>22</td><td>9</td><td>153</td><td>61</td><td>251</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>UK(Scot)</td><td>2002</td><td>55</td><td>29</td><td>20</td><td>10</td><td>116</td><td>61</td><td>191</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>UK(Scot)</td><td>2003</td><td>87</td><td>45</td><td>23</td><td>12</td><td>83</td><td>43</td><td>193</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>UK(Scot)</td><td>2004</td><td>67</td><td>27</td><td>20</td><td>8</td><td>160</td><td>65</td><td>247</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>UK(Scot)</td><td>2005</td><td>62</td><td>29</td><td>27</td><td>12</td><td>128</td><td>59</td><td>217</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>UK(Scot)</td><td>2006</td><td>57</td><td>30</td><td>17</td><td>9</td><td>119</td><td>62</td><td>193</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>UK(Scot)</td><td>2007</td><td>40</td><td>24</td><td>17</td><td>10</td><td>113</td><td>66</td><td>171</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>UK(Scot)</td><td>2008</td><td>38</td><td>24</td><td>11</td><td>7</td><td>112</td><td>70</td><td>161</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>UK(Scot)</td><td>2009</td><td>27</td><td>22</td><td>14</td><td>12</td><td>79</td><td>66</td><td>121</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>UK(Scot)</td><td>2010</td><td>44</td><td>25</td><td>38</td><td>21</td><td>98</td><td>54</td><td>180</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>UK(Scot)</td><td>2011</td><td>48</td><td>30</td><td>23</td><td>15</td><td>87</td><td>55</td><td>159</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>UK(Scot)</td><td>2012</td><td>40</td><td>32</td><td>11</td><td>9</td><td>73</td><td>59</td><td>124</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>UK(Scot)</td><td>2013</td><td>50</td><td>42</td><td>26</td><td>22</td><td>43</td><td>36</td><td>119</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>UK(Scot)</td><td>2014</td><td>41</td><td>49</td><td>17</td><td>20</td><td>26</td><td>31</td><td>84</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>UK(Scot)</td><td>2015</td><td>31</td><td>45</td><td>9</td><td>14</td><td>28</td><td>41</td><td>68</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>UK(Scot)</td><td>2016</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>10</td><td>37</td><td>17</td><td>63</td><td>27</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>UK(Scot)</td><td>2017</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>7</td><td>27</td><td>19</td><td>73</td><td>26</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>UK(Scot)</td><td>2018</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>12</td><td>63</td><td>7</td><td>37</td><td>19</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>UK(Scot)</td><td>2019</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>2</td><td>14</td><td>11</td><td>86</td><td>13</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>UK(Scot)(7)</td><td>2020</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>2</td><td>14</td><td>11</td><td>86</td><td>13</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Denmark</td><td>2008</td><td>0</td><td>1</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>9</td><td>99</td><td>9</td><td></td></tr></tbody></table>
<table><thead><tr><th rowspan="2">Country</th><th rowspan="2">Year</th><th colspan="2">Coastal</th><th colspan="2">Estuarine</th><th colspan="2">In-river</th><th colspan="2">Total</th></tr><tr><th>Weight (t)</th><th>% of total</th><th>Weight (t)</th><th>% of total</th><th>Weight (t)</th><th>% of total</th><th>Weight (t)</th><th>% of total</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>Denmark</td><td>2009</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>8</td><td>100</td><td>8</td><td>8</td></tr><tr><td>Denmark</td><td>2010</td><td>0</td><td>1</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>13</td><td>99</td><td>13</td><td>13</td></tr><tr><td>Denmark</td><td>2011</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>13</td><td>100</td><td>13</td><td>13</td></tr><tr><td>Denmark</td><td>2012</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>12</td><td>100</td><td>12</td><td>12</td></tr><tr><td>Denmark</td><td>2013</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>11</td><td>100</td><td>11</td><td>11</td></tr><tr><td>Denmark</td><td>2014</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>9</td><td>100</td><td>9</td><td>9</td></tr><tr><td>Denmark</td><td>2015</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>9</td><td>100</td><td>9</td><td>9</td></tr><tr><td>Denmark</td><td>2016</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>10</td><td>100</td><td>10</td><td>10</td></tr><tr><td>Denmark</td><td>2017</td><td>0</td><td>1</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>12</td><td>99</td><td>12</td><td>12</td></tr><tr><td>Denmark</td><td>2018</td><td>0</td><td>1</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>11</td><td>99</td><td>11</td><td>11</td></tr><tr><td>Denmark</td><td>2019</td><td>0</td><td>1</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>13</td><td>99</td><td>13</td><td>13</td></tr><tr><td>Denmark</td><td>2020</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>9</td><td>100</td><td>9</td><td>9</td></tr></tbody></table>

Key:

1. An illegal net fishery operated from 1995 to 1998, catch unknown in the first three years but thought to be increasing. Fishery ceased in 1999. 2001/2002 catches from the illegal coastal net fishery in Lower Normandy are unknown.

2. Rod catch data for river (rod) fisheries in UK (Northern Ireland) from 2002.

3. Estuarine catch included in coastal catch.

4. Coastal catch included in estuarine catch.

5. Spain catch to 2018 was Asturias catch raised, 2019 data for All Spain.

6. Iceland total catch includes ranched fish.

7. Scotland 2020 data not available at time of printing, 2019 data inserted as Provisional.
<table><caption>Table 2.1.2.1. Numbers of fish caught and released in rod fisheries along with the % of the total rod catch (released + retained) for countries in the North Atlantic where records are available, 1991–2020. Figures for 2020 are provisional.</caption><thead><tr><th rowspan="2">Year</th><th colspan="2">Canada (4)</th><th colspan="2">USA</th><th colspan="2">Iceland</th><th colspan="2">Russia (1)</th><th colspan="2">UK (England & Wales)</th><th colspan="2">UK (Scotland)(5)</th><th colspan="2">Ireland</th><th colspan="2">UK (N. Ireland) (2)</th><th colspan="2">Denmark</th><th colspan="2">Sweden</th><th colspan="2">Norway (3)</th></tr><tr><th>Total</th><th>% of total rod catch</th><th>Total</th><th>% of total rod catch</th><th>Total</th><th>% of total rod catch</th><th>Total</th><th>% of total rod catch</th><th>Total</th><th>% of total rod catch</th><th>Total</th><th>% of total rod catch</th><th>Total</th><th>% of total rod catch</th><th>Total</th><th>% of total rod catch</th><th>Total</th><th>% of total rod catch</th><th>Total</th><th>% of total rod catch</th><th>Total</th><th>% of total rod catch</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>1991</td><td>22167</td><td>28</td><td>239</td><td>50</td><td></td><td></td><td>3211</td><td>51</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>1992</td><td>37803</td><td>29</td><td>407</td><td>67</td><td></td><td></td><td>10120</td><td>73</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>1993</td><td>44803</td><td>36</td><td>507</td><td>77</td><td></td><td></td><td>11246</td><td>82</td><td>1448</td><td>10</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>1994</td><td>52887</td><td>43</td><td>249</td><td>95</td><td></td><td></td><td>12056</td><td>83</td><td>3227</td><td>13</td><td>6595</td><td>8</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>1995</td><td>46029</td><td>46</td><td>370</td><td>100</td><td></td><td></td><td>11904</td><td>84</td><td>3189</td><td>20</td><td>12151</td><td>14</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>1996</td><td>52166</td><td>41</td><td>542</td><td>100</td><td>669</td><td>2</td><td>10745</td><td>73</td><td>3428</td><td>20</td><td>10413</td><td>15</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>1997</td><td>50009</td><td>50</td><td>333</td><td>100</td><td>1558</td><td>5</td><td>14823</td><td>87</td><td>3132</td><td>24</td><td>10944</td><td>18</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>1998</td><td>56289</td><td>53</td><td>273</td><td>100</td><td>2826</td><td>7</td><td>12776</td><td>81</td><td>4378</td><td>30</td><td>13464</td><td>18</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>1999</td><td>48720</td><td>50</td><td>211</td><td>100</td><td>3055</td><td>10</td><td>11450</td><td>77</td><td>4382</td><td>42</td><td>14849</td><td>28</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>2000</td><td>64482</td><td>56</td><td>0</td><td>-</td><td>2918</td><td>11</td><td>12914</td><td>74</td><td>7470</td><td>42</td><td>21072</td><td>32</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>2001</td><td>59387</td><td>55</td><td>0</td><td>-</td><td>3611</td><td>12</td><td>16945</td><td>76</td><td>6143</td><td>43</td><td>27724</td><td>38</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>2002</td><td>50924</td><td>52</td><td>0</td><td>-</td><td>5985</td><td>18</td><td>25248</td><td>80</td><td>7658</td><td>50</td><td>24058</td><td>41</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>2003</td><td>53645</td><td>55</td><td>0</td><td>-</td><td>5361</td><td>16</td><td>33862</td><td>81</td><td>6425</td><td>56</td><td>29170</td><td>55</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>2004</td><td>62316</td><td>57</td><td>0</td><td>-</td><td>7362</td><td>16</td><td>24679</td><td>76</td><td>13211</td><td>48</td><td>46279</td><td>50</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>255</td><td>19</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr></tbody></table>
<table><thead><tr><th rowspan="2">Year</th><th colspan="2">Canada (4)</th><th colspan="2">USA</th><th colspan="2">Iceland</th><th colspan="2">Russia (1)</th><th colspan="2">UK (England & Wales)</th><th colspan="2">UK (Scotland)(5)</th><th colspan="2">Ireland</th><th colspan="2">UK (N. Ireland) (2)</th><th colspan="2">Denmark</th><th colspan="2">Sweden</th><th colspan="2">Norway (3)</th></tr><tr><th>Total</th><th>% of total rod catch</th><th>Total</th><th>% of total rod catch</th><th>Total</th><th>% of total rod catch</th><th>Total</th><th>% of total rod catch</th><th>Total</th><th>% of total rod catch</th><th>Total</th><th>% of total rod catch</th><th>Total</th><th>% of total rod catch</th><th>Total</th><th>% of total rod catch</th><th>Total</th><th>% of total rod catch</th><th>Total</th><th>% of total rod catch</th><th>Total</th><th>% of total rod catch</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>2005</td><td>63005</td><td>62</td><td>0</td><td>-</td><td>9224</td><td>17</td><td>23592</td><td>87</td><td>11983</td><td>56</td><td>46165</td><td>55</td><td>2553</td><td>12</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>606</td><td>27</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>2006</td><td>60486</td><td>62</td><td>1</td><td>100</td><td>8735</td><td>19</td><td>33380</td><td>82</td><td>10959</td><td>56</td><td>47669</td><td>55</td><td>5409</td><td>22</td><td>302</td><td>18</td><td>794</td><td>65</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>2007</td><td>41192</td><td>58</td><td>3</td><td>100</td><td>9691</td><td>18</td><td>44341</td><td>90</td><td>10917</td><td>55</td><td>55670</td><td>61</td><td>15113</td><td>44</td><td>470</td><td>16</td><td>959</td><td>57</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>2008</td><td>54887</td><td>53</td><td>61</td><td>100</td><td>17178</td><td>20</td><td>41881</td><td>86</td><td>13035</td><td>55</td><td>53366</td><td>62</td><td>13563</td><td>38</td><td>648</td><td>20</td><td>2033</td><td>71</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>5512</td><td>5</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>2009</td><td>52151</td><td>59</td><td>0</td><td>-</td><td>17514</td><td>24</td><td></td><td></td><td>9096</td><td>58</td><td>48436</td><td>67</td><td>11422</td><td>39</td><td>847</td><td>21</td><td>1709</td><td>53</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>6696</td><td>6</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>2010</td><td>55895</td><td>53</td><td>0</td><td>-</td><td>21476</td><td>29</td><td>14585</td><td>56</td><td>15012</td><td>60</td><td>78459</td><td>70</td><td>15142</td><td>40</td><td>823</td><td>25</td><td>2512</td><td>60</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>15041</td><td>12</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>2011</td><td>71358</td><td>57</td><td>0</td><td>-</td><td>18593</td><td>32</td><td></td><td></td><td>14406</td><td>62</td><td>65330</td><td>73</td><td>12688</td><td>38</td><td>1197</td><td>36</td><td>2153</td><td>55</td><td>424</td><td>5</td><td>14303</td><td>12</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>2012</td><td>43287</td><td>57</td><td>0</td><td>-</td><td>9752</td><td>28</td><td>4743</td><td>43</td><td>11952</td><td>65</td><td>63628</td><td>74</td><td>11891</td><td>35</td><td>5014</td><td>59</td><td>2153</td><td>55</td><td>404</td><td>6</td><td>18611</td><td>14</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>2013</td><td>50630</td><td>59</td><td>0</td><td>-</td><td>23133</td><td>34</td><td>3732</td><td>39</td><td>10458</td><td>70</td><td>54003</td><td>80</td><td>10682</td><td>37</td><td>1507</td><td>64</td><td>1932</td><td>57</td><td>274</td><td>9</td><td>15953</td><td>15</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>2014</td><td>41613</td><td>54</td><td>0</td><td>-</td><td>13616</td><td>41</td><td>8479</td><td>52</td><td>7992</td><td>78</td><td>37355</td><td>82</td><td>6537</td><td>37</td><td>1065</td><td>50</td><td>1918</td><td>61</td><td>982</td><td>15</td><td>20281</td><td>19</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>2015</td><td>65440</td><td>64</td><td>0</td><td>-</td><td>21914</td><td>31</td><td>7028</td><td>50</td><td>8113</td><td>79</td><td>46837</td><td>84</td><td>9383</td><td>37</td><td>111</td><td>100</td><td>2989</td><td>70</td><td>647</td><td>18</td><td>25433</td><td>19</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>2016</td><td>68925</td><td>65</td><td>0</td><td>-</td><td>22751</td><td>43</td><td>10793</td><td>76</td><td>9700</td><td>80</td><td>50186</td><td>90</td><td>10934</td><td>43</td><td>280</td><td>100</td><td>3801</td><td>72</td><td>362</td><td>17</td><td>25198</td><td>21</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>2017</td><td>57357</td><td>66</td><td>0</td><td>-</td><td>19667</td><td>42</td><td>10110</td><td>77</td><td>11255</td><td>83</td><td>45652</td><td>90</td><td>12562</td><td>45</td><td>126</td><td>100</td><td>4435</td><td>69</td><td>590</td><td>17</td><td>25924</td><td>21</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>2018</td><td>56011</td><td>82</td><td>0</td><td>-</td><td>19409</td><td>43</td><td>10799</td><td>73</td><td>6857</td><td>88</td><td>35066</td><td>93</td><td>9249</td><td>43</td><td>3247</td><td>49</td><td>4613</td><td>79</td><td>557</td><td>19</td><td>22024</td><td>22</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>2019</td><td>60636</td><td>72</td><td>0</td><td>-</td><td>15185</td><td>52</td><td>12762</td><td>74</td><td>8171</td><td>89</td><td>43825</td><td>91</td><td>9790</td><td>48</td><td>5000</td><td>85</td><td>3913</td><td>70</td><td>678</td><td>20</td><td>21178</td><td>20</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>2020</td><td>59627</td><td>72</td><td>0</td><td>-</td><td>21277</td><td>51</td><td>9508</td><td>65</td><td>10672</td><td>93</td><td>43825</td><td>91</td><td>13240</td><td>44</td><td>4813</td><td>91</td><td>4375</td><td>69</td><td>587</td><td>16</td><td>28753</td><td>23</td><td></td></tr></tbody></table>