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Silva, T. A., Girardclos, S., Stutenbecker, L., Bakker, M., Costa, A., Schlunegger, F., et al. (2019). The sediment budget and dynamics of a delta-canyon-lobe system over the Anthropocene timescale: The Rhone River delta, Lake Geneva (Switzerland/France). *Sedimentology*, 66(3), 838–858. https://doi.org/10.1111/sed.12519

Slattery, M. C., & Burt, T. P. (1997). Particle size characteristics of suspended sediment in hillslope runoff and stream flow. *Earth Surface Processes and Landforms*, 22(8), 705–719. https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1096-9837(199708)22:8<705::AID-ESP739>3.0.CO;2-6

Soulignac, F., Lemmin, U., Hamze-Ziabari, S. M., Wynn, H. K., Graf, B., & Barry, D. A. (2021). Rapid changes in river plume dynamics caused by advected wind-driven coastal upwelling as observed in Lake Geneva. *Limnology & Oceanography*, 66(8), 3116–3133. https://doi.org/10.1002/lno.11864

Sreenivasan, K. (1995). On the universality of the Kolmogorov constant. *Physics of Fluids*, 7(11), 2778–2784. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.868656

Strom, K., & Keyvani, A. (2011). An explicit full-range settling velocity equation for mud flocs. *Journal of Sedimentary Research*, 81(12), 921–934. https://doi.org/10.2110/jsr.2011.62

Strom, K., & Keyvani, A. (2016). Flocculation in a decaying shear field and its implications for mud removal in near-field river mouth discharge. *Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans*, 121(4), 2142–2162. https://doi.org/10.1002/2015JC011169

Styles, R. (2006). Laboratory evaluation of the LISST in a stratified fluid. *Marine Geology*, 227(1–2), 151–162. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.margeo.2005.11.011

Thill, A., Veerapaneni, S., Simon, B., Wiesner, M., Bottero, J. Y., & Snidaro, D. (1998). Determination of structure of aggregates by confocal scanning laser microscopy. *Journal of Colloid and Interface Science*, 204(2), 357–362. https://doi.org/10.1006/jcis.1998.5570

Thonon, I., Roberti, J. R., Middelkoop, H., van der Perk, M., & Burrough, P. A. (2005). In situ measurements of sediment settling characteristics in floodplains using a LISST-ST. *Earth Surface Processes and Landforms*, 30(10), 1327–1343. https://doi.org/10.1002/esp.1239

Tran, D., & Strom, K. (2017). Suspended clays and silts: Are they independent of dependent fractions when it comes to settling in a turbulent suspension? *Continental Shelf Research*, 138, 81–94. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.csr.2017.02.011

Tsai, C. H., Iacobellis, S., & Lick, W. (1987). Flocculation of fine-grained lake sediments due to a uniform shear stress. *Journal of Great Lakes Research*, 13(2), 135–146. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0380-1330(87)71637-2

Udden, J. A. (1914). Mechanical composition of clastic sediments. *Geological Society of America Bulletin*, 25(1), 655–744. https://doi.org/10.1130/GSAB-25-655

Vahedi, A., & Gorczyca, B. (2011). Application of fractal dimensions to study the structure of flocs formed in lime softening process. *Journal of Water Resources*, 45(2), 545–556. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2010.09.014

van Leussen, W. (1997). The Kolmogorov microscale as a limiting value for the floc size of suspended fine grained sediments in estuaries. In N. Burt, R. Parker, & J. Watts (Eds.), *Cohesive sediment* (pp. 45–62). Wiley.

van Leussen, W., & Cornelisse, J. M. (1994). The determination of the sizes and settling velocities of estuarine flocs by an underwater video system. *Journal of Sea Research*, 31, 231–241. https://doi.org/10.1016/0077-7579(93)90024-M

Verney, R., Lafite, R., & Brun-Cottan, J. C. (2009). Flocculation potential of estuarine particles: The importance of environmental factors and of the spatial and seasonal variability of suspended particulate matter. *Estuaries and Coasts*, 32(4), 678–693. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12237-009-9160-1

Wentworth, C. K. (1922). A scale of grade and class terms for clastic sediments. *The Journal of Geology*, 30(5), 377–392. https://doi.org/10.1086/622910

Wheatland, J. A. T., Spencer, K. L., Droppo, I. G., Carr, S. J., & Bushby, A. J. (2020). Development of novel 2D and 3D correlative microscopy to characterise the composition and multiscale structure of suspended sediment aggregates. *Continental Shelf Research*, 200, 104112. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.csr.2020.104112

Winterwerp, J. C. (1998). A simple model for turbulence induced flocculation of cohesive sediment. *Journal of Hydraulic Research*, 36(3), 309–326. https://doi.org/10.1080/00221689809498621

Winterwerp, J. C. (1999). *On the dynamics of high-concentrated mud suspensions* (PhD thesis) (p. 172). TU Delft.

Winterwerp, J. C. (2002). On the flocculation and settling velocity of estuarine mud. *Continental Shelf Research*, 22(9), 1339–1360. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0278-4343(02)00010-9

Winterwerp, J. C., Manning, A., Martens, C., De Mulder, T., & Vanlede, J. (2006). A heuristic formula for turbulence-induced flocculation of cohesive sediment. *Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science*, 68(1–2), 195–207. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecss.2006.02.003

Woodward, J., Porter, P., Lowe, A., Walling, D., & Evans, A. (2002). Composite suspended sediment particles and flocculation in glacial meltwaters: Preliminary evidence from Alpine and Himalayan basins. *Hydrological Processes*, 16(9), 1735–1744. https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.361

Woodward, J., & Walling, D. (2007). Composite suspended sediment particles in river systems: Their incidence, dynamics and physical characteristics. *Hydrological Processes*, 21(26), 3601–3614. https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.6586

Xu, C., Odum, B., Chen, Y., & Yao, P. (2022). Evaluation of the role of silt content on the flocculation behavior of clay-silt mixtures. *Water Resources Research*, 58(11), e2021WR030964. https://doi.org/10.1029/2021WR030964

Zahner, P., & Vernet, J.-P. (1984). Dynamique du système lacustre. In *Commission Internationale pour la Protection des Eaux du Léman (CIPEL)*. *Le Léman Synthèse 1957–1982* (pp. 55–63).

Zhang, J., Shen, X., Zhang, Q., Maa, J. P. Y., & Lin, M. (2022). Role of gravity in coagulation of colloidal particles under low-shear environments. *Marine Geology*, 449, 106822. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.margeo.2022.106822

## References From the Supporting Information

Aminot, A., & Kérouel, R. (2004). *Hydrologie des écosystèmes marins: Paramètres et analyses* (p. 336). Ifremer.

Davies, E. J., Buscombe, D., Graham, G. W., & Nimmo-Smith, W. A. M. (2015). Evaluating unsupervised methods to size and classify suspended particles using digital in-line holography. *Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology*, 32(6), 1241–1256. https://doi.org/10.1175/JTECH-D-14-00157.1

Deines, K. L. (1999). Backscatter estimation using broadband acoustic Doppler current profilers. In *Proceedings of the IEEE 6th Working Conference on Current Measurement (Cat. No.99CH36331), San Diego, California, USA, 13 March 1999*. https://doi.org/10.1109/CCM.1999.755249
Sehgal, D., Martínez-Carreras, N., Hissler, C., Bense, V. F., & Hoitink, A. J. F. (2022). A genericrelation between turbidity, suspended particulate matter concentration, and sediment characteristics. *Journal of Geophysical Research: Earth Surface, 127*(12), e2022JF006838. https://doi.org/10.1029/2022JF006838

Silva, T. A., Girardclos, S., Stutenbecker, L., Bakker, M., Costa, A., Schlunegger, F., et al. (2019). The sediment budget and dynamics of a delta-canyon-lobe system over the Anthropocene timescale: The Rhone River delta, Lake Geneva (Switzerland/France). *Sedimentology*, **66**(3), 838–858. https://doi.org/10.1111/sed.12519

Slattery, M. C., & Burt, T. P. (1997). Particle size characteristics of suspended sediment in hillslope runoff and stream flow. *Earth Surface Processes and Landforms*, **22**(8), 705–719. https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1096-9837(199708)22:8<705::AID-ESP739>3.0.CO;2-6

Soulignac, F., Lemmin, U., Hamze-Ziabari, S. M., Wynn, H. K., Graf, B., & Barry, D. A. (2021). Rapid changes in river plume dynamics caused by advected wind-driven coastal upwelling as observed in Lake Geneva. *Limnology & Oceanography*, **66**(8), 3116–3133. https://doi.org/10.1002/lno.11864

Sreenivasan, K. (1995). On the universality of the Kolmogorov constant. *Physics of Fluids*, 7(11), 2778–2784. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.868656

Strom, K., & Keyvani, A. (2011). An explicit full-range settling velocity equation for mud flocs. *Journal of Sedimentary Research*, 81(12), 921–934. https://doi.org/10.2110/jsr.2011.62

Strom, K., & Keyvani, A. (2016). Flocculation in a decaying shear field and its implications for mud removal in near-field river mouth discharge. *Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans*, 121(4), 2142–2162. https://doi.org/10.1002/2015JC011169

Styles, R. (2006). Laboratory evaluation of the LISST in a stratified fluid. *Marine Geology*, 227(1–2), 151–162. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.margeo.2005.11.011

Thill, A., Veerapaneni, S., Simon, B., Wiesner, M., Bottero, J. Y., & Snidaro, D. (1998). Determination of structure of aggregates by confocal scanning laser microscopy. *Journal of Colloid and Interface Science*, 204(2), 357–362. https://doi.org/10.1006/jcis.1998.5570

Thonon, I., Roberti, J. R., Middelkoop, H., van der Perk, M., & Burrough, P. A. (2005). In situ measurements of sediment settling characteristics in floodplains using a LISST-ST. *Earth Surface Processes and Landforms*, 30(10), 1327–1343. https://doi.org/10.1002/esp.1239

Tran, D., & Strom, K. (2017). Suspended clays and silts: Are they independent of dependent fractions when it comes to settling in a turbulent suspension? *Continental Shelf Research*, 138, 81–94. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.csr.2017.02.011

Tsai, C. H., Iacobellis, S., & Lick, W. (1987). Flocculation of fine-grained lake sediments due to a uniform shear stress. *Journal of Great Lakes Research*, 13(2), 135–146. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0380-1330(87)71637-2

Udden, J. A. (1914). Mechanical composition of clastic sediments. *Geological Society of America Bulletin*, 25(1), 655–744. https://doi.org/10.1130/GSAB-25-655

Vahedi, A., & Gorczyca, B. (2011). Application of fractal dimensions to study the structure of flocs formed in lime softening process. *Journal of Water Resources*, 45(2), 545–556. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2010.09.014

van Leussen, W. (1997). The Kolmogorov microscale as a limiting value for the floc size of suspended fine grained sediments in estuaries. In N. Burt, R. Parker, & J. Watts (Eds.), *Cohesive sediment* (pp. 45–62). Wiley.

van Leussen, W., & Cornelisse, J. M. (1994). The determination of the sizes and settling velocities of estuarine flocs by an underwater video system. *Journal of Sea Research*, 31, 231–241. https://doi.org/10.1016/0077-7579(93)90024-M

Verney, R., Lafite, R., & Brun-Cottan, J. C. (2009). Flocculation potential of estuarine particles: The importance of environmental factors and of the spatial and seasonal variability of suspended particulate matter. *Estuaries and Coasts*, 32(4), 678–693. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12237-009-9160-1

Wentworth, C. K. (1922). A scale of grade and class terms for clastic sediments. *The Journal of Geology*, 30(5), 377–392. https://doi.org/10.1086/622910

Wheatland, J. A. T., Spencer, K. L., Droppo, I. G., Carr, S. J., & Bushby, A. J. (2020). Development of novel 2D and 3D correlative microscopy to characterise the composition and multiscale structure of suspended sediment aggregates. *Continental Shelf Research*, 200, 104112. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.csr.2020.104112

Winterwerp, J. C. (1998). A simple model for turbulence induced flocculation of cohesive sediment. *Journal of Hydraulic Research*, 36(3), 309–326. https://doi.org/10.1080/00221689809498621

Winterwerp, J. C. (1999). *On the dynamics of high-concentrated mud suspensions* (PhD thesis) (p. 172). TU Delft.

Winterwerp, J. C. (2002). On the flocculation and settling velocity of estuarine mud. *Continental Shelf Research*, 22(9), 1339–1360. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0278-4343(02)00010-9

Winterwerp, J. C., Manning, A., Martens, C., De Mulder, T., & Vanlede, J. (2006). A heuristic formula for turbulence-induced flocculation of cohesive sediment. *Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science*, 68(1–2), 195–207. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecss.2006.02.003

Woodward, J., Porter, P., Lowe, A., Walling, D., & Evans, A. (2002). Composite suspended sediment particles and flocculation in glacial meltwaters: Preliminary evidence from Alpine and Himalayan basins. *Hydrological Processes*, 16(9), 1735–1744. https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.361

Woodward, J., & Walling, D. (2007). Composite suspended sediment particles in river systems: Their incidence, dynamics and physical characteristics. *Hydrological Processes*, 21(26), 3601–3614. https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.6586

Xu, C., Odum, B., Chen, Y., & Yao, P. (2022). Evaluation of the role of silt content on the flocculation behavior of clay-silt mixtures. *Water Resources Research*, 58(11), e2021WR030964. https://doi.org/10.1029/2021WR030964

Zahner, P., & Vernet, J.-P. (1984). Dynamique du système lacustre. In *Commission Internationale pour la Protection des Eaux du Léman (CIPEL)*. *Le Léman Synthèse 1957–1982* (pp. 55–63).

Zhang, J., Shen, X., Zhang, Q., Maa, J. P. Y., & Lin, M. (2022). Role of gravity in coagulation of colloidal particles under low-shear environments. *Marine Geology*, 449, 106822. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.margeo.2022.106822

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