# New records of mites (Acari: Mesostigmata, Sarcoptiformes, Trombidiformes) from Hama Province, Syria

Ali Hamadi, Ziad Barbar

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Ali Hamadi, Ziad Barbar. New records of mites (Acari: Mesostigmata, Sarcoptiformes, Trombidiformes) from Hama Province, Syria. Acarologia, 2024, 64 (3), pp.907-918. 10.24349/fgrd-wpjk. hal-04677507

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# New records of mites (Acari: Mesostigmata, Sarcoptiformes, Trombidiformes) from Hama Province, Syria

Ali Hamadi IDª, Ziad Barbar IDª

## Original research

### ABSTRACT

This research aimed to identify phytophagous and predatory mites occurring on several plant species in Hama governorate, Syria, during 2023-2024. As a result, 33 species from 12 families and three orders (one Mesostigmata, two Sarcoptiformes and nine Trombidiformes) are reported, with 13 of these species recorded for the first time in Syria. More than 50% of collected specimens belong to the Phytoseiidae family, with ten species recorded. Within this family, a synonymy appears to be present between *Amblyseiella setosa* Muma and *A. antonii* Kolodochka & Omeri, and between *Typhlodromus (Anthoseius) intercalaris* Livshitz & Kuznetsov, and *T. (A.) sternlichti* Swirski & Amitai, when compared with the literature. Further investigations are needed to confirm this hypothesis.

**Keywords** survey; phytophagous mites; predatory mites; taxonomy; synonymy

### Introduction

The knowledge of mite fauna significantly progressed in Syria over the last fifteen years. Indeed, until 2010, fifteen species from six families were known (El-Hariri, 1968; Moraes et al. 2004). Recent studies (e.g. Barbar 2016; Barbar 2018; Barbar and Negm 2022; Dayoub et al. 2024) have increased this number to approximately 120 species from 25 families. The most recorded species are phytophagous mites from the Tetranychidae and Tenuipalpidae families and their natural enemies from the Phytoseiidae, Stigmaeidae and Bdellidae families. These mites were mostly collected from citrus and apple orchards and their surrounding vegetation in Latakia province (Zriki et al. 2015; Barbar 2016; Barbar and Ueckermann 2017; Zeity 2017; Zeity et al. 2022). In Hama province, the agroecosystems are highly diversified, suggesting a high diversity of mites. However, the mite fauna in this region is poorly known with only one species from the Melicharidae (Mesostigmata) and four species from the Bdellidae (Trombidiformes) have been recorded to date (Barbar and Negm 2022; Hamadi and Barbar 2024). The aim of the present work was to identify mite species occurring in various crops and natural vegetation in Hama province, Syria.

### Material and methods

Mites were collected from the leaves of cultivated plant species and wild vegetation primarily at Al-Hekr (34°54'27"N/36°19'29"E; 700 m a.s.l.), Hama province, Syria, from May to November 2023 and during May and June 2024. Additional plant samples were taken from four nearby

Received 18 July 2024
Accepted 03 August 2024
Published 23 August 2024

Corresponding author
Ziad Barbar ID:
ziadbarbar88@gmail.com

Academic editor
Kreiter, Serge

https://doi.org/10.24349/fgrd-wpjk

ISSN 0044-586X (print)
ISSN 2107-7207 (electronic)

<figure><img src="image_2.png" /></figure>

Hamadi A. and Barbar Z.

Licensed under
Creative Commons CC-BY 4.0

<footnote>ªDepartment of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Al-Baath University, P.O. Box 77, Al-Sham St., Homs, Syria.</footnote>
localities in the same province: Ain Halakeem (34°56'20"N 36°19'15"E; 600 m a.s.l.), Al-Lakbeh (35°09'49"N 36°19'39"E; 550 m a.s.l.), Al-Haylooneh (35°08'6"N 36°16'58"E; 900 m a.s.l.) and Anboura (35°07'14"N 36°20'30"E; 450 m a.s.l.). Mites were directly picked off leaves or removed using the "dipping-checking-washing-filtering method" (Boller 1984). Specimens were mounted on slides in Hoyer's medium and dried in an oven at 40 °C for one week. Identification to infra-familial levels was primarily carried out using the work of Chant and McMurtry (2007) for Phytoseiidae; Zhang (2003) and Eraky and Osman (2008) for Acaridae and Histiostomatidae; Meyer and Ueckermann (1987) for Anystidae; Skvarla *et al.* (2014) for Cunaxidae; Wohltmann *et al.* (2007) and Xu *et al.* (2019) for Erythraeidae and Trombidiidae; Meyer and Ueckermann (1984) for Eupalopsellidae; Fan *et al.* (2016), Rehmani *et al.* (2018), and Kamran *et al.* (2023) for Stigmaeidae; Mesa *et al.* (2009) and Negm *et al.* (2020) for Tenuipalpidae; Bolland *et al.* (1998) for Tetranychidae; and Silva *et al.* (2016) for Tydeidae. Characters of some species were measured and drawn when necessary, with measurements given in micrometers (µm). The specimens were deposited in the Arthropod Collection of the Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Al-Baath University, Homs, Syria. Mite taxa in the text are arranged alphabetically by order, as are families within orders, genera within families and species within genera.

## Results and discussion

A total of 972 mite specimens belonging to 33 species from 12 families (1 Mesostigmata, 2 Sarcoptiformes and 9 Trombidiformes) are reported in the present study. Of these, 13 species are recorded for the first time in Syria (Table 1). *Olea europaea* L. (Oleaceae), *Styrax officinalis* L. (Styracaceae) and *Pyrus communis* L. (Rosaceae) had the highest number of species with 11, nine and eight species, respectively. Most of the remaining plants have 1-3 mite species (Tables 2 and 3).

### Order Mesostigmata

#### Family Phytoseiidae

Ten species of these predators were collected in the present study.

##### Amblyseiella setosa Muma

One female of this species was collected from *S. officinalis* at Al-Hekr, May 2024. This is the first report of this species from Syria. It was considered a senior synonym of *A. denmarki* (El-Borolossy) and *A. rusticana* (Athias-Henriot) (Chant and McMurtry 2007). Except for setae *j1*: 28 and *j3*: 53, which are slightly shorter in Syrian specimen, measurements of the Syrian female match those in the redescriptions by Porath and Swirski (1965), and Ferragut *et al.* (2010). Kolodochka and Omeri (2010) differentiated *A. antonii* Kolodochka and Omeri from *A. setosa* and its synonym *A. denmarki* by having many shorter idiosomal setae (*z2*, *z4*, *S2*, *Z4*, *R1*, and *JV5*). However, the length of the setae mentioned above in *A. antonii* falls within the range of *A. setosa*, and a variation of about 20-40% in the length of several dorsal setae in *A. setosa* seems to be present even within the same population (Porath and Swirski 1965; Ferragut *et al.* 2010). Thus, *A. antonii* could be a junior synonym of *A. setosa*. An examination of the type specimen of *A. antonii* (which was not possible in the present work) is required to reach a definitive conclusion.

##### Euseius finlandicus (Oudemans)

Eighty-nine specimens (86 females, 2 males and 1 immature) were collected in July, August, and November 2023, as well as May and June 2024, from the studied localities (except Anboura). It was found on eight plant species in particularly on *Quercus calliprinos* L. (Fagaceae) and
*S. officinalis*. This species has already been recorded from *Castanea* sp. (Fagaceae) in Tartus governorate, Syria (Ebraheem *et al.* 2022).

## Euseius scutalis (Athias-Henriot)

Twenty specimens (7 females, 6 males and 7 immatures) were collected from *O. europaea* at Ain Halakeem in November 2023, and one female was collected from *Pyrus syriaca* Boissier (Rosaceae) at Al-Hekr in May 2023. This species has been widely collected from various crops

<table><caption>**Table 1** Number of specimens of mite species collected at the different locations in Hama province, Syria during 2023-2024 (* indicate new records for Syria).</caption><thead><tr><th rowspan="2">Family</th><th rowspan="2">Mite species</th><th colspan="5">Locality</th></tr><tr><th>Al-Hekr</th><th>Ain Halakeem</th><th>Al-Lakbeh</th><th>Al-Haylooneh</th><th>Total number of specimens</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td rowspan="12">Phytoseiidae</td><td>Amblyseiella setosa Muma*</td><td>1</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td>Euseius finlandicus Oudemans</td><td>71</td><td>14</td><td>1</td><td>3</td><td>89</td></tr><tr><td>Euseius scutalis Athias-Henriot</td><td>1</td><td>20</td><td></td><td></td><td>21</td></tr><tr><td>Kampimodromus aberrans Oudemans*</td><td>4</td><td>1</td><td></td><td></td><td>5</td></tr><tr><td>Neoseiulus barkeri Hughes</td><td>1</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td>Phytoseiulus persimilis Athias-Henriot</td><td>145</td><td></td><td>1</td><td>12</td><td>158</td></tr><tr><td>Phytoseiulus finitimus Ribaga</td><td>137</td><td>86</td><td></td><td>1</td><td>224</td></tr><tr><td>Typhlodromus (Anthoseius) foenilis Oudemans</td><td></td><td>1</td><td></td><td></td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td>Typhlodromus (Anthoseius) intercalaris Livshitz & Kuznetzov</td><td>3</td><td>5</td><td></td><td></td><td>8</td></tr><tr><td>Typhlodromus (Typhlodromus) athiasae Porath & Swirski</td><td>12</td><td>9</td><td></td><td></td><td>21</td></tr><tr><td>Acaridae</td><td>Tyrophagus putrescentiae (Schrank)</td><td>3</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>3</td></tr><tr><td>Histiostomatidae</td><td>Histiostoma camphori Eraky*</td><td>1</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td>Anystidae</td><td>Anystis baccarum Linnaeus</td><td>27</td><td></td><td></td><td>1</td><td>32</td></tr><tr><td>Cunaxidae</td><td>Cunaxa anomala Khaustov & Kuznetzov</td><td></td><td>1</td><td>2</td><td></td><td>3</td></tr><tr><td>Erythraeidae</td><td>Erythraeus (Zaracarus) budapestensis Fain & Ripka*</td><td>2</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>2</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>Erythraeus (Zaracarus) passidonicus Haitlinger</td><td>1</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td>Eupalopsellidae</td><td>Eupalopsellus maseriensis (Canestrini & Fanzago)</td><td></td><td>1</td><td></td><td></td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>Eupalopsellus prasadi Bagheri & Kanjani*</td><td>16</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>16</td></tr><tr><td>Stigmaeidae</td><td>Agistemus collyerae Gonzalez-Rodriguez*</td><td></td><td>1</td><td></td><td></td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>Agistemus duzgunesae Koç, Cobanoğlu & Madanlar</td><td>2</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>2</td></tr><tr><td>Tenuipalpidae</td><td>Brevipalpus rotai (Castagnoli & Pegazzano)</td><td></td><td>4</td><td></td><td></td><td>4</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>Cenopalpus irani Dosse*</td><td></td><td>1</td><td></td><td></td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>Cenopalpus quadricornis (Livschitz & Mitrofanov)*</td><td></td><td>4</td><td></td><td></td><td>4</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>Cenopalpus wainsteini (Livschitz & Mitrofanov)</td><td>33</td><td>22</td><td></td><td></td><td>55</td></tr><tr><td>Tetranychidae</td><td>Bryobia vasiljevi Reck</td><td>37</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>37</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>Oligonychus (Oligonychus) aceris (Shimer)*</td><td>12</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>12</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>Panonychus ulmi Koch</td><td>30</td><td>2</td><td></td><td></td><td>32</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>Tetranychus sp.</td><td>48</td><td></td><td>1</td><td>2</td><td>51</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>Tetranychus urticae Koch</td><td>58</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>58</td></tr><tr><td>Trombidiidae</td><td>Allothrombium molliculum (Koch)*</td><td>10</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>10</td></tr><tr><td>Tydaeidae</td><td>Tydeus calabrus (Castagnoli)*</td><td>6</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>6</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>Tydeus californicus (Banks)</td><td>67</td><td>27</td><td></td><td>12</td><td>106</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>Tydeus kochi Oudemans</td><td></td><td>1</td><td></td><td></td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>Tydeus nieuwkerkeni André*</td><td>4</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>4</td></tr></tbody></table>
and wild plants in the coastal region of Syria (Barbar 2013, 2014; Dayoub and Boubou 2023).

### Kampimodromus aberrans (Oudemans)

This is the first record of this species from Syria. Five females were collected from four plant species: Al-Hekr: one female on *Cydonia oblonga* Miller (Rosaceae) in July 2023; one female on *Cupressus sempervirens* L. (Cupressaceae) and two females on *Q. calliprinos* in August 2023; Ain Halakeem: one female on *S. officinalis* in July 2023. This species is widely distributed in Europe and the Middle East. It has also been recorded in North Africa, Canada, and the USA (Demite *et al.* 2024).

### Neoseiulus barkeri Hughes

Only one female of this species was collected from an unidentified herb at Al-Hekr in September 2023. It has already been recorded in the coastal region of Syria (Barbar 2013, 2016; Dayoub and Boubou 2023).

### Phytoseiulus persimilis Athias-Henriot

One hundred fifty-eight specimens of all mobile stages were collected from 11 plant species at Al-Hekr, Al-Lakbeh and Al-Haylooneh in June, July, August, and September 2023. More

<table><caption>**Table 2** Number of specimens of Phytoseiidae, Acaridae, and Histiostomatidae according to plant species in Hama province, Syria during 2023 and 2024 (* indicate new records for Syria).</caption><thead><tr><th rowspan="3">Plant species</th><th colspan="10">Mesostigmata</th><th colspan="2">Sarcoptiformes</th></tr><tr><th rowspan="2">A. setosa</th><th rowspan="2">E. finlandicus</th><th rowspan="2">E. scutalis</th><th rowspan="2">K. aberrans</th><th rowspan="2">N. barkeri</th><th rowspan="2">P. persimilis</th><th rowspan="2">P. finitimus</th><th rowspan="2">T. (A.) foenilis</th><th rowspan="2">T. (A.) intercalaris</th><th rowspan="2">T. (T.) athiasae</th><th rowspan="2">T. putrescentiae</th><th rowspan="2">H. camphori</th></tr><tr><th colspan="2">Phytoseiidae</th><th colspan="2">Acaridae</th><th colspan="2">Histiostomatidae</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>Celtis caucasica L.</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>10</td><td>48</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Cupressus sempervirens L.</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>1</td><td></td><td></td><td>45</td><td></td><td>6</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Cydonia oblonga Miller</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>1</td><td></td><td></td><td>2</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Elaeagnus angustifolia L.</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>7</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Juglans regia Baill.</td><td></td><td>11</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>2</td><td>15</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Malus domestica Borkh.</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>2</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Malva sp.</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>3</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Olea europaea L.</td><td></td><td></td><td>20</td><td></td><td></td><td>1</td><td>1</td><td>1</td><td>1</td><td>5</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Oxalis corniculata L.</td><td></td><td>1</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Phaseolous vulgaris L.</td><td></td><td>3</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>66</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Pistacia atlantica L.</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>2</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Platanus orientalis L.</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>1</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Prunus cerasus L.</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>12</td><td>1</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Prunus persica L.</td><td></td><td>2</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>1</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Punica granatum L.</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>5</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Pyrus communis L.</td><td></td><td>9</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>12</td><td>5</td><td></td><td>3</td><td></td><td></td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td>Pyrus syriaca Boissier</td><td></td><td></td><td>1</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Quercus calliprinos L.</td><td></td><td>37</td><td></td><td>2</td><td></td><td></td><td>15</td><td>3</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Rhus coriaria L.</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>30</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Salix alba L.</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>8</td><td></td><td>7</td><td>3</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Solanum lycopersicum L.</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>38</td><td>1</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Styrax officinalis L.</td><td>1</td><td>21</td><td></td><td>1</td><td></td><td></td><td>43</td><td>4</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Symphytum orientale L.</td><td></td><td>5</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>2</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Vitis vinifera L.</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>4</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>unidentified herb</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>1</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr></tbody></table>
than 65% of specimens were collected from *Phaseolous vulgaris* L. (Fabaceae) and *Solanum lycopersicum* L. (Solanaceae). It has already been recorded from Latakia province, Syria, on plants highly infested by *Tetranychus urticae* Koch (Barbar 2016).

## Phytoseius finitimus Ribaga

It was the most frequent species and found on 17 plant species in Al-Hekr, Ain Halakeem, and Anboura from June to November 2023 and in May and June, 2024. It appears to be the dominant species in the studied localities, with about 60% of specimens were collected from *Celtis caucasica* L. (Cannabaceae), *C. sempervirens*, and *S. officinalis*. It has already been recorded from cultivated and natural vegetation in Syria (Barbar 2016; Ebraheem et al. 2022; Dayoub and Boubou 2023).

## Typhlodromus (Anthoseius) foenilis Oudemans

Only one female was collected from *O. europaea* at Ain Halakeem in July 2023. This species has only been recorded in a few numbers in Latakia province, Syria (Barbar 2013, 2014, Dayoub et al. 2024).

<table><caption>**Table 3** Number of specimens of the order Trombidiformes according to plant species in Hama province, Syria during 2023-and 2024 (* indicate new records for Syria).</caption><thead><tr><th rowspan="2">Plant species</th><th colspan="12">Trombidiformes</th></tr><tr><th>A. baccarum</th><th>C. anomala</th><th>E. (Z.) budapestensis</th><th>E. (Z.) passidonicus</th><th>E. maseriensis</th><th>E. prasadi</th><th>A. collyerae</th><th>A. duzgunesae</th><th>B. rotai</th><th>C. irani</th><th>C. quadricornis</th><th>C. wainsteini</th><th>B. vasiljevi</th><th>O. (O.) aceris</th><th>P. ulmi</th><th>Tetranychus s sp.</th><th>T. urticae</th><th>A. molliculum</th><th>T. calabrus</th><th>T. californicus</th><th>T. kochi</th><th>T. nieuwkerkeni</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>Celtis caucasica L.</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>6</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Cupressus sempervirens L.</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>1</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Cydonia oblonga Miller</td><td>2</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Elaeagnus angustifolia L.</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>4</td><td></td><td></td><td>2</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Juglans regia Baill.</td><td>2</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>1</td><td>3</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Malus domestica Borkh.</td><td>3</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>25</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Malva sp.</td><td>2</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>37</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Olea europaea L.</td><td>4</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Oxalis corniculata L.</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>27</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Phaseolus vulgaris L.</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>5</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Pistacia atlantica L.</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Platanus orientalis L.</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>12</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Fallopia convolvulus (L.)</td><td>1</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>1</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Prunus cerasus L.</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>2</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Prunus persica L.</td><td>5</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>1</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Punica granatum L.</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>10</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Pyrus communis L.</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>3</td><td>9</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Pyrus syriaca Boissier</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>4</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Quercus calliprinos L.</td><td>1</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Rhus coriaria L.</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Salix alba L.</td><td>2</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>5</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Solanum lycopersicum L.</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>12</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Styrax officinalis L.</td><td>1</td><td>1</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>2</td><td>18</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Symphytum orientale L.</td><td>10</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>1</td><td>6</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Vitis vinifera L.</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>2</td><td>4</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>unidentified herb</td><td>1</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr></tbody></table>
**Typhlodromus (Anthoseius) intercalaris** Livshitz & Kuznetsov

Three females of this species were collected from *Q. calliprinos* at Al-Hekr in November 2023 and June 2024. Additionally, one female was collected from *O. europaea*, and four females were collected from *S. officinalis* at Ain Halakeem in July 2023 and June 2024, respectively. This species has already been recorded in Latakia governorate, Syria (Dayoub *et al.* 2024).

**Remarks** — Specimens collected from *S. officinalis* and *O. europaea* have preanal pores and two pairs of setae on sternal shield, except for one female in which the posterior margin of this shield is unclear. Specimens collected from *Q. calliprinos* also have two pairs of setae on the sternal shield but lack preanal pores, and one specimen has only two pairs of preanal setae instead of three (with *ZV2* off the ventral shield). Variations in the shape of spermathecae were also observed even among the specimens collected from the same host plant, ranging from a bell-shaped calyx with an incorporated atrium to a saccular or conus-shaped calyx with a short or indiscernible neck (Figure 1). These observations suggest that the collected specimens could represent two different species, though the possibility of synonymy with closely related species [*T. (A.) invectus* Chant and *T. (A.) sternlichti* Swirski and Amitai] cannot be excluded, and further investigations are necessary for several reasons. Firstly, a previous study (Dayoub *et al.* 2024) noted the difficulty in comparing this species with the holotype of *T. (A.) invectus*, which is in poor condition. However, the redescriptions of *T. (A.) invectus* (Abbasova 1970; Swirski *et al.* 1998) indicate the presence of two pairs of setae on sternal shield. Secondly, Abbasova (1972) and Swirski and Amitai (1997) suggested that *T. (A.) invectus* and *T. (A.) sternlichti* are synonyms. In addition, Swirski *et al.* (1998) excluded *T. (A.) sternlichti* from their key for Phytoseiidae and noted variations in the shape of spermathecae of *T. (A.) invectus*, similar to those observed in our specimens. Thirdly, the posterior margin of the sternal shield is not always visible and easily identifiable in some specimens, making it difficult to determine whether the sternal shield has two or three pairs of setae, as observed in one specimen in our study and one by Çobanoğlu (1993). Finally, molecular investigations and cross-breeding experiments between populations of the three species collected from host plants (with *Quercus* spp. being common hosts) should be conducted to verify this hypothesis.

**Typhlodromus (Typhlodromus) athiasae** Porath & Swirski

Twenty-one specimens of this predator were collected from four plant species at Al-Hekr and Ain Halakeem during June, July and August 2023. It is one of the most widespread species on cultivated and wild vegetation in many provinces in Syria (Dayoub *et al.* 2024).

**Order Sarcoptiformes**

**Family Acaridae**

**Tyrophagus putrescentiae** (Schrank)

Three females of this species were collected from *Salix alba* L. (Salicaceae) at Al-Hekr in June 2023. It has already been recorded in Latakia province, Syria (Barbar 2016).

**Family Histiostomatidae**

**Histiostoma camphori** Eraky

One deutonymph of this species was collected from *P. communis* at Al-Hekr in June 2023. This is the first record of this species from Syria. It was recorded from Egypt and Saudi Arabia (Eraky 1999; Negm and Alatawi 2011).
<figure><img src="image_3.png" /><figcaption>**Figure 1** Variations in the shape of spermathecae of *Typhlodromus* (Anthoseius) intercalaris of specimens collected from *Styrax officinalis* (A–D), *Olea europaea* (E) and *Quercus calliprinos* (F–J).</figcaption></figure>

**Order Trombidiformes**

**Family Anystidae**

**Anystis baccarum (L.)**

It was the most frequent predator of Trombidiforma with 32 specimens collected from 11 plant species at Al-Hekr, Al-Haylooneh and Anboura from July to September 2023. It has already been recorded in Latakia province, Syria (Dayoub *et al.* 2022).

**Family Cunaxidae**

**Cunaxa anomala Khaustov & Kuznetzov**

Two females of this species were found on *Juglans regia* Baill. (Juglandaceae) at Al-Lakbeh in July 2023 and one female was found on *S. officinalis* at Ain Halakeem, June 2024. It has already been recorded from Latakia province, Syria (Barbar 2016).

**Family Erythraeidae**

**Erythraeus (Zaracarus) budapestensis Fain & Ripka**

Two larvae of this species were collected from *Oxalis corniculata* L. (Oxalidaceae) at Al-Hekr in May 2024. This is the first record of this species from Syria. It was found in several European countries and in Iran (Karakurt *et al.* 2022).
**Erythraeus (Zaracarus) passidonicus Haitlinger**

A unique larva of this species was collected from *Q. calliprinos* at Al-Hekr in August 2023. Two larvae have already been recorded from Tartous province, Syria (Ebrahim and Barbar 2023).

**Family Eupalopsellidae**

**Eupalopsis maseriensis (Canestrini & Fanzago)**

One female of this species was collected from *O. europaea* at Ain Halakeem in August 2023. It has already been recorded from Latakia province, Syria (Barbar 2018).

**Eupalopsellus prasadi Bagheri and Khanjani**

Sixteen females of this species were collected from *Rhus coriaria*. L. (Anacardiaceae) at Al-Hekr in November 2023. This is the first record of this species from Syria and the first discovery after its original description from Iran (Bagheri and Khanjani 2009).

**Family Stigmaeidae**

**Agistemus collyerae Gonzalez-Rodriguez**

One female of this species was collected from *O. europaea*, at Ain Halakeem in November 2023. This is the first record of this species from Syria. It was recorded from Australia, Iran, Italy, New Zealand, Portugal, and Turkey (Fan *et al.* 2016).

**Agistemus duzgunesae Koç, Cobanoğlu & Madanlar**

Two females were collected from *S. alba* at Al-Hekr in August 2023. It has already been recorded from Latakia province, Syria (Barbar 2018) and is known from Turkey and Greece (Koç *et al.* 2005; Stathakis *et al.* 2014).

**Family Tenuipalpidae**

**Brevipalpus rotai (Castagnoli & Pegazzano)**

Four females of this species were collected from *O. europaea* at Ain Halakeem in July 2023. One female has been already collected from *Dittrichia viscosa*, (L.) Greuter (Asteraceae) in Tartous governorate, Syria (Ebrahim and Barbar, 2023). This species is known from Greece, Italy and Turkey on *O. europaea* (Castro *et al.* 2024).

**Cenopalpus irani Dosse**

One female of this species was collected from *R. coriaria* at Al-Hekr in November 2023. This is the first record of this species from Syria. It was recorded from Iran and Turkey (Castro *et al.* 2024).

**Cenopalpus quadricornis (Livschitz & Mitrofanov)**

Four females of this species were collected from *Vitis vinifera* L. (Vitaceae) at Al-Hekr in June 2023. This is the first record of this species from Syria. It was recorded on a few Rosaceae in Armenia and Turkey (Castro *et al.* 2024).

**Cenopalpus wainsteini (Livschitz & Mitrofanov)**

Fifty-five females of this species were collected from *C. sempervirens* at Al-Hekr in June 2023 and at Ain Halakeem, August 2023. It was recorded on *Pinus halepensis* Mill. (Pinaceae) in Latakia province, Syria (Barbar 2016). It is known from Georgia, Greece, Italy, Peru and Ukraine (Castro *et al.* 2024).
**Family Tetranychidae**

**Bryobia vasiljevi Reck**

Thirty-seven females of this species were collected from *Malva* sp. (Malvaceae) at Al-Hekr in September 2023. It has already been recorded in Latakia province, Syria (Zriki *et al.* 2015; Barbar *et al.* 2022).

**Oligonychus (Oligonychus) aceris (Shimer)**

Twelve specimens (9 females, 2 males and 1 nymph) were collected from *Platanus orientalis* L. (Platanaceae) at Al-Hekr in August 2023. This is the first record of this species from Syria. It was also recorded in Mexico, the USA, South Korea, and Turkey (Migeon and Dorkeld 2024).

**Panonychus ulmi (Koch)**

Thirty-two females were collected from five plant species particularly from *Malus domestica* Borkh. (Rosaceae) at Al-Hekr during June, July, August and November 2023 and at Ein Halakeem in June 2024. It has already been recorded on *M. domestica* in Latakia province, Syria (Zriki *et al.* 2015; Zeity *et al.* 2022).

**Tetranychus urticae Koch**

Fifty-eight specimens of this species were collected from six plant species particularly from *O. corniculata* at Al-Hekr from July to September 2023.

**Family Trombidiidae**

**Allothrombium molliculum (Koch)**

Ten females were collected from four plant species particularly from *Symphytum orientale* L. (Boraginaceae) at Al-Hekr during June, July, September and November 2023. This is the first record of this species from Syria. It has been recorded in the Czech Republic, Germany, Poland, The Netherlands, Italy and Turkey (Makol and Wohltmann 2012; Yıldırım and Sevsay 2019).

**Family Tydeidae**

**Tydeus calabrus (Castagnoli)**

Six females of this species were collected from *R. coriaria* and *Elaeagnus angustifolia* L. (Elaeagnaceae) at Al-Hekr in August 2023. This is the first record of this species from Syria. It was described from Italy (Castagnoli 1984) and also recorded from Sweden (Momen and Lundqvist 1996) and Iran (Sadeghi *et al.* 2012).

**Tydeus californicus (Banks)**

It was the most frequent tydeid species in all studied localities (except Anboura), with 106 females collected during June, August and November 2023, from six plant species particularly from *P. communis*. It has already been recorded in Latakia governorate, Syria (Barbar 2016). It has a worldwide distribution (Silva *et al.* 2016).

**Tydeus kochi Oudemans**

One female of this species was collected from *C. sempervirens* at Ain Halakeem in August 2023. This is the first record of this species from Syria. It is world-wide distributed (Silva *et al.* 2016).

**Tydeus nieuwkerkeni André**

Four females of this species were collected from *R. coriaria* at Al-Hekr in November 2023. This is the first record of this species from Syria. This species was found in the Netherlands, Belgium and Russia (André 2005; Khaustov 2023).
Acknowledgements

The authors would like to thank Francisco Ferragut, Sayed A. Eraky, Hany Elkawas, Ahmad M. Dayoub, Ismail Döker, and Antoinette Badran for their comments, supplying scientific papers, and/or sending some photos of mite species during preparing the manuscript.

ORCID

Ali Hamadi ID https://orcid.org/0009-0006-6118-3383

Ziad Barbar ID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5784-0340

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