Unité d'Épidémiologie des Maladies Émergentes, Paris, France; 248. Touro University California, Vallejo, CA, USA; 249. Kalinga Gastroenterology Foundation, Cuttack, India; 250. The University of Zambia, School of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Lusaka, Zambia; 251. HEGITO Liver & Transplant Unit, Dept. Internal Medicine 2 of the Slovak Medical University, F.D. Roosevelt Teaching Hospital, Banská Bystrica, Slovakia; 252. Internal Medicine №1 Department, Poltava State Medical University, Poltava, Ukraine; 253. Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea; 254. Clinical and Molecular Hepatology, Centro de Altos Estudios en Ciencias Humanas y de la Salud (CAECIHS), Universidad Abierta Interamericana, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina; 255. Respiratory Department, Hospital Universitario de la Princesa, Madrid, Spain; 256. Arabian Gulf University, Manama, Bahrain; 257. University Hospital of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany; 258. Penn State Health Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, PA, USA; 259. Anna Medical College, Montagne Blanche, Mauritius; 260. Digestive Health Institute, Children's Hospital Colorado, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA; 261. Liver Injury and Transplant Unit, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy; 262. Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; 263. Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar; 264. Department of Hepatology, Selayang Hospital, Batu Caves, Malaysia; 265. University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; 266. Section of Diabetes and Endocrinology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy; 267. Discipline of Gastroenterology, Nicolae Testemitanu State University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Chișinău, Republic of Moldova; 268. Dept. of Pathology, Aretaieion Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece; 269. Riga East University Hospital, University of Latvia, Riga, Latvia; 270. Metabolic Unit, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición "Salvador Zubirán", Mexico City, Mexico; 271. Department of Medicine, University of Puerto Rico School of Medicine, San Juan, Puerto Rico; 272. Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand; 273. Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK; 274. Vilnius University Hospital Santaros Clinics, Vilnius, Lithuania; 275. Hospital Civil de Guadalajara Fray Antonio Alcalde, Guadalajara, Mexico; 276. Dept. of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Dept. of Medicine, Haraldsplass Deaconess Hospital, Bergen, Norway; 277. Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA; 278. National Liver Institute, Shebeen El-Kom, Egypt; 279. Department of Medicine, Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, Center for Liver Disease and Transplantation,

New York, NY, USA; 280. Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Infectious Diseases and Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany; 281. Lexington Medical Center, West Columbia, SC, USA; 282. Dutch Liver Patients Association, Hoogland, the Netherlands; 283. Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Healthcare System, Palo Alto, CA, USA; 284. Department of Gastroenterology, School of Medicine, Recep Tayyip Erdoğan University, Rize, Turkey; 285. University of Helsinki and Minerva Foundation Institute for Medical Research, Helsinki, Finland; 286. Hepatobiliary Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; 287. Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Cerrahpaşa Medical Faculty, Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, Istanbul, Turkey; 288. Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Koç University, Istanbul, Turkey; 289. MAFLD Research Center, Department of Hepatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China

ORCID

Jeffrey V. Lazarus https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9618-2299

Henry E. Mark https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8022-4279

Alina M. Allen https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8393-8410

Juan Pablo Arab https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8561-396X

Patrizia Carrieri https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6794-4837

Mazen Noureddin https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2127-2040

William Alazawi https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3891-5914

Naim Alkhouri https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9872-2391

Saleh A. Alqahtani https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2017-3526

Quentin M. Anstee https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9518-0088

Ramon Bataller https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1119-7799

Thomas Berg https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0003-6241

Paul N. Brennan https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8368-1478

Patrizia Burra https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8791-191X

Graciela E. Castro-Narro https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7511-5396
Unité d'Épidémiologie des Maladies Émergentes, Paris, France; 248. Touro University California, Vallejo, CA, USA; 249. Kalinga Gastroenterology Foundation, Cuttack, India; 250. The University of Zambia, School of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Lusaka, Zambia; 251. HEGITO Liver & Transplant Unit, Dept. Internal Medicine 2 of the Slovak Medical University, F.D. Roosevelt Teaching Hospital, Banská Bystrica, Slovakia; 252. Internal Medicine №1 Department, Poltava State Medical University, Poltava, Ukraine; 253. Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea; 254. Clinical and Molecular Hepatology, Centro de Altos Estudios en Ciencias Humanas y de la Salud (CAECIHS), Universidad Abierta Interamericana, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina; 255. Respiratory Department, Hospital Universitario de la Princesa, Madrid, Spain; 256. Arabian Gulf University, Manama, Bahrain; 257. University Hospital of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany; 258. Penn State Health Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, PA, USA; 259. Anna Medical College, Montagne Blanche, Mauritius; 260. Digestive Health Institute, Children's Hospital Colorado, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA; 261. Liver Injury and Transplant Unit, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy; 262. Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; 263. Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar; 264. Department of Hepatology, Selayang Hospital, Batu Caves, Malaysia; 265. University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; 266. Section of Diabetes and Endocrinology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy; 267. Discipline of Gastroenterology, Nicolae Testemitanu State University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Chișinău, Republic of Moldova; 268. Dept. of Pathology, Aretaieion Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece; 269. Riga East University Hospital, University of Latvia, Riga, Latvia; 270. Metabolic Unit, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición "Salvador Zubirán", Mexico City, Mexico; 271. Department of Medicine, University of Puerto Rico School of Medicine, San Juan, Puerto Rico; 272. Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand; 273. Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK; 274. Vilnius University Hospital Santaros Clinics, Vilnius, Lithuania; 275. Hospital Civil de Guadalajara Fray Antonio Alcalde, Guadalajara, Mexico; 276. Dept. of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Dept. of Medicine, Haraldsplass Deaconess Hospital, Bergen, Norway; 277. Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA; 278. National Liver Institute, Shebeen El-Kom, Egypt; 279. Department of Medicine, Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, Center for Liver Disease and Transplantation,

New York, NY, USA; 280. Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Infectious Diseases and Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany; 281. Lexington Medical Center, West Columbia, SC, USA; 282. Dutch Liver Patients Association, Hoogland, the Netherlands; 283. Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Healthcare System, Palo Alto, CA, USA; 284. Department of Gastroenterology, School of Medicine, Recep Tayyip Erdoğan University, Rize, Turkey; 285. University of Helsinki and Minerva Foundation Institute for Medical Research, Helsinki, Finland; 286. Hepatobiliary Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; 287. Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Cerrahpaşa Medical Faculty, Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, Istanbul, Turkey; 288. Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Koç University, Istanbul, Turkey; 289. MAFLD Research Center, Department of Hepatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China

ORCID

Jeffrey V. Lazarus https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9618-2299

Henry E. Mark https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8022-4279

Alina M. Allen https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8393-8410

Juan Pablo Arab https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8561-396X

Patrizia Carrieri https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6794-4837

Mazen Noureddin https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2127-2040

William Alazawi https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3891-5914

Naim Alkhouri https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9872-2391

Saleh A. Alqahtani https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2017-3526

Quentin M. Anstee https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9518-0088

Ramon Bataller https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1119-7799

Thomas Berg https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0003-6241

Paul N. Brennan https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8368-1478

Patrizia Burra https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8791-191X

Graciela E. Castro-Narro https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7511-5396
Helena Cortez-Pinto https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8537-8744

Kenneth Cusi https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8629-418X

Ajay Duseja https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3590-2664

Sven M. Francque https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7527-4714

Amalia Gastaldelli https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2594-1651

Hannes Hagström https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8474-1759

Terry T.K. Huang https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5544-5187

Dana Ivancovsky Wajcman https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6238-3938

Christopher J. Kopka https://orcid.org/0009-0004-7245-9184

Aleksander Krag https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9598-4932

Philip N. Newsome https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6085-3652

Diana Romero https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4832-9564

Shiv Kumar Sarin https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0544-5610

C. Wendy Spearman https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3199-301X

Norah A. Terrault https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4143-1950

Emmanuel A. Tsochatzis https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5069-2461

Luca Valenti https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8909-0345

Marcela Villota-Rivas https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7332-735X

Jörn M. Schattenberg https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4224-4703

Vincent Wai-Sun Wong https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2215-9410

Zobair M. Younossi https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9313-577X

REFERENCES

1. Younossi ZM, Golabi P, Paik JM, Henry A, Van Dongen C, Henry L. The global epidemiology of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH): a systematic review. Hepatology. 2023;77:1135-347.

2. Sweeny KF, Lee CK. Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Children. Gastroenterol Hepatol (N Y). 2021;17:579-87.

3. Huang DQ, Terrault NA, Tacke F, Gluud LL, Arrese M, Bugianesi E, et al. Global epidemiology of cirrhosis - aetiology, trends and predictions. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2023;20:388-98.

4. Anstee QM, Targher G, Day CP. Progression of NAFLD to diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease or cirrhosis. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2013;10:330-44.

5. Targher G, Tilg H, Byrne CD. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a multisystem disease requiring a multidisciplinary and holistic approach. Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2021;6:578-88.

6. O'Hara J, Finnegan A, Dhillon H, Ruiz-Casas L, Pedra G, Franks B, et al. Cost of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis in Europe and the USA: The GAIN study. JHEP Rep. 2020;2:100142.

7. Schattenberg JM, Lazarus JV, Newsome PN, Serfaty L, Aghemo A, Augustin S, et al. Disease burden and economic impact of diagnosed non-alcoholic steatohepatitis in five European countries in 2018: A cost-of-illness analysis. Liver Int. 2021;41:1227-42.

8. Younossi Z, Aggarwal P, Shrestha I, Fernandes J, Johansen P, Augusto M, et al. The burden of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis: A systematic review of health-related quality of life and patient-reported outcomes. JHEP Rep. 2022;4:100525.

9. Hussain A, Patel PJ, Rhodes F, Srivastava A, Patch D, Rosenberg W. Decompensated cirrhosis is the commonest presentation for NAFLD patients undergoing liver transplant assessment. Clin Med (Lond). 2020;20:313-8.

10. Karlsen TH, Sheron N, Zelber-Sagi S, Carrieri P, Dusheiko G, Bugianesi E, et al. The EASL-Lancet Liver Commission: protecting the next generation of Europeans against liver disease complications and premature mortality. Lancet. 2022; 399:61-116.

11. Le MH, Yeo YH, Zou B, Barnet S, Henry L, Cheung R, et al. Forecasted 2040 global prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease using hierarchical bayesian approach. Clin Mol Hepatol. 2022;28:841-50.

12. Lazarus JV, Mark HE, Villota-Rivas M, Palayew A, Carrieri P, Colombo M, et al. The global NAFLD policy review and preparedness index: Are countries ready to address this silent public health challenge? J Hepatol. 2022;76:771-80.

13. Lazarus JV, Mark HE, Anstee QM, Arab JP, Batterham RL, Castera L, et al. Advancing the global public health agenda for NAFLD: a consensus statement. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2022;19:60-78.

14. Lazarus JV, Mark HE, Colombo M, Demaio S, Dillon JF, George J, et al. A sustainable development goal framework to guide multisectoral action on NAFLD through a societal approach. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2022;55:234-43.

15. Lazarus JV, Han H, Mark HE, Alqahtani SA, Schattenberg JMJ, Soriano JB, et al. The global Fatty Liver Disease-Sustainable Development Goal country score for 195 countries and territories. Hepatology. 2023. [Publish Ahead of Print]. doi:10.1097/HEP. 0000000000000361.

16. Lazarus JV, Mark HE, Allen AM, Arab JP, Carrieri P, Noureddin M, et al. A global research priority agenda to advance public health responses to fatty liver disease. J Hepatol. 2023;S0168-8278(23)00323-9. [Epub ahead of print]. doi:10.1016/j.jhep.2023.04.035

17. Rinella ME, Lazarus JV, Ratziu V, Francque SM, Sanyal AJ, Kanwal F, et al. A multi-society Delphi consensus statement on new fatty liver disease nomenclature. Hepatology. 2023. [Online ahead of print]. doi:10.1097/HEP.0000000000000520.

18. Allen AM, Lazarus JV, Younossi ZM. Healthcare and socioeconomic costs of NAFLD: A global framework to navigate the uncertainties. J Hepatol. 2023;79:209-17; S0168-8278(23)00079-X.

19. Younossi ZM, Zheng L, Stepanova M, Henry L, Venkatesan C, Mishra A. Trends in outpatient resource utilizations and outcomes for Medicare beneficiaries with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. J Clin Gastroenterol. 2015;49:222-7.

20. Nguyen AL, Park H, Nguyen P, Sheen E, Kim YA, Nguyen MH. Rising inpatient encounters and economic burden for patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in the USA. Dig Dis Sci. 2019;64:698-707.

21. Younossi ZM, Henry L, Bush H, Mishra A. Clinical and economic burden of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. Clin Liver Dis. 2018;22:1-10.

22. Lazarus JV, Anstee QM, Hagström H, Cusi K, Cortez-Pinto H, Mark HE, et al. Defining comprehensive models of care for NAFLD. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2021;18:717-29.

23. Anstee QM, Castera L, Loomba R. Impact of non-invasive biomarkers on hepatology practice: Past, present and future. J Hepatol. 2022;76:1362-78.
Helena Cortez-Pinto https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8537-8744

Kenneth Cusi https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8629-418X

Ajay Duseja https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3590-2664

Sven M. Francque https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7527-4714

Amalia Gastaldelli https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2594-1651

Hannes Hagström https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8474-1759

Terry T.K. Huang https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5544-5187

Dana Ivancovsky Wajcman https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6238-3938

Christopher J. Kopka https://orcid.org/0009-0004-7245-9184

Aleksander Krag https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9598-4932

Philip N. Newsome https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6085-3652

Diana Romero https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4832-9564

Shiv Kumar Sarin https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0544-5610

C. Wendy Spearman https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3199-301X

Norah A. Terrault https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4143-1950

Emmanuel A. Tsochatzis https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5069-2461

Luca Valenti https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8909-0345

Marcela Villota-Rivas https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7332-735X

Jörn M. Schattenberg https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4224-4703

Vincent Wai-Sun Wong https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2215-9410

Zobair M. Younossi https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9313-577X

REFERENCES

1. Younossi ZM, Golabi P, Paik JM, Henry A, Van Dongen C, Henry L. The global epidemiology of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH): a systematic review. Hepatology. 2023;77:1135-347.

2. Sweeny KF, Lee CK. Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Children. Gastroenterol Hepatol (N Y). 2021;17:579-87.

3. Huang DQ, Terrault NA, Tacke F, Gluud LL, Arrese M, Bugianesi E, et al. Global epidemiology of cirrhosis - aetiology, trends and predictions. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2023;20:388-98.

4. Anstee QM, Targher G, Day CP. Progression of NAFLD to diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease or cirrhosis. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2013;10:330-44.

5. Targher G, Tilg H, Byrne CD. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a multisystem disease requiring a multidisciplinary and holistic approach. Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2021;6:578-88.

6. O'Hara J, Finnegan A, Dhillon H, Ruiz-Casas L, Pedra G, Franks B, et al. Cost of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis in Europe and the USA: The GAIN study. JHEP Rep. 2020;2:100142.

7. Schattenberg JM, Lazarus JV, Newsome PN, Serfaty L, Aghemo A, Augustin S, et al. Disease burden and economic impact of diagnosed non-alcoholic steatohepatitis in five European countries in 2018: A cost-of-illness analysis. Liver Int. 2021;41:1227-42.

8. Younossi Z, Aggarwal P, Shrestha I, Fernandes J, Johansen P, Augusto M, et al. The burden of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis: A systematic review of health-related quality of life and patient-reported outcomes. JHEP Rep. 2022;4:100525.

9. Hussain A, Patel PJ, Rhodes F, Srivastava A, Patch D, Rosenberg W. Decompensated cirrhosis is the commonest presentation for NAFLD patients undergoing liver transplant assessment. Clin Med (Lond). 2020;20:313-8.

10. Karlsen TH, Sheron N, Zelber-Sagi S, Carrieri P, Dusheiko G, Bugianesi E, et al. The EASL-Lancet Liver Commission: protecting the next generation of Europeans against liver disease complications and premature mortality. Lancet. 2022; 399:61-116.

11. Le MH, Yeo YH, Zou B, Barnet S, Henry L, Cheung R, et al. Forecasted 2040 global prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease using hierarchical bayesian approach. Clin Mol Hepatol. 2022;28:841-50.

12. Lazarus JV, Mark HE, Villota-Rivas M, Palayew A, Carrieri P, Colombo M, et al. The global NAFLD policy review and preparedness index: Are countries ready to address this silent public health challenge? J Hepatol. 2022;76:771-80.

13. Lazarus JV, Mark HE, Anstee QM, Arab JP, Batterham RL, Castera L, et al. Advancing the global public health agenda for NAFLD: a consensus statement. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2022;19:60-78.

14. Lazarus JV, Mark HE, Colombo M, Demaio S, Dillon JF, George J, et al. A sustainable development goal framework to guide multisectoral action on NAFLD through a societal approach. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2022;55:234-43.

15. Lazarus JV, Han H, Mark HE, Alqahtani SA, Schattenberg JMJ, Soriano JB, et al. The global Fatty Liver Disease-Sustainable Development Goal country score for 195 countries and territories. Hepatology. 2023. [Publish Ahead of Print]. doi:10.1097/HEP. 0000000000000361.

16. Lazarus JV, Mark HE, Allen AM, Arab JP, Carrieri P, Noureddin M, et al. A global research priority agenda to advance public health responses to fatty liver disease. J Hepatol. 2023;S0168-8278(23)00323-9. [Epub ahead of print]. doi:10.1016/j.jhep.2023.04.035

17. Rinella ME, Lazarus JV, Ratziu V, Francque SM, Sanyal AJ, Kanwal F, et al. A multi-society Delphi consensus statement on new fatty liver disease nomenclature. Hepatology. 2023. [Online ahead of print]. doi:10.1097/HEP.0000000000000520.

18. Allen AM, Lazarus JV, Younossi ZM. Healthcare and socioeconomic costs of NAFLD: A global framework to navigate the uncertainties. J Hepatol. 2023;79:209-17; S0168-8278(23)00079-X.

19. Younossi ZM, Zheng L, Stepanova M, Henry L, Venkatesan C, Mishra A. Trends in outpatient resource utilizations and outcomes for Medicare beneficiaries with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. J Clin Gastroenterol. 2015;49:222-7.

20. Nguyen AL, Park H, Nguyen P, Sheen E, Kim YA, Nguyen MH. Rising inpatient encounters and economic burden for patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in the USA. Dig Dis Sci. 2019;64:698-707.

21. Younossi ZM, Henry L, Bush H, Mishra A. Clinical and economic burden of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. Clin Liver Dis. 2018;22:1-10.

22. Lazarus JV, Anstee QM, Hagström H, Cusi K, Cortez-Pinto H, Mark HE, et al. Defining comprehensive models of care for NAFLD. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2021;18:717-29.

23. Anstee QM, Castera L, Loomba R. Impact of non-invasive biomarkers on hepatology practice: Past, present and future. J Hepatol. 2022;76:1362-78.
24. Rasmussen DGK, Anstee QM, Torstenson R, Golding B, Patterson SD, Brass C, et al. NAFLD and NASH biomarker qualification in the LITMUS consortium - Lessons learned. J Hepatol. 2023;78:852–65.

25. Lazarus JV, Castera L, Mark HE, Allen AM, Adams LA, Anstee QM, et al. Real-world evidence on non-invasive tests and associated cut-offs used to assess fibrosis in routine clinical practice. JHEP Rep. 2022;5:100596.

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How to cite this article: Lazarus JV, Mark HE, Allen AM, Arab JP, Carrieri P, Noureddin M, et al. A global action agenda for turning the tide on fatty liver disease. Hepatology. 2024;79:502–523. https://doi.org/10.1097/HEP.0000000000000545
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42. Wieland AC, Mettler P, McDermott MT, Crane LA, Cicutto LC, Bambha KM. Low awareness of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease among patients at high metabolic risk. J Clin Gastroenterol. 2015;49:e6-10.

43. Hallsworth K, Dombrowski SU, McPherson S, Anstee QM, Avery L. Using the theoretical domains framework to identify barriers and enabling factors to implementation of guidance for the diagnosis and management of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: a qualitative study. Transl Behav Med. 2020;10:1016-30.

44. Carrieri P, Mourad A, Marcellin F, Trylesinski A, Calleja JL, Protopopescu C, et al. Knowledge of liver fibrosis stage among adults with NAFLD/NASH improves adherence to lifestyle changes. Liver Int. 2022;42:984-94.

45. Askgaard G, Madsen LG, von Wowern N, Winther-Jensen M, Lau CJ, Christensen AI, et al. Social support and risk of mortality in cirrhosis: A cohort study. JHEP Rep. 2023;5:100600.

46. Nekhlyudov L, Ganz PA, Arora NK, Rowland JH. Going beyond being lost in transition: A decade of progress in cancer survivorship. J Clin Oncol. 2017;35:1978-81.

47. World Health Organization. People-centered health care: a policy framework. Geneva: WHO; 2007.

48. Diehl AM, Farpour-Lambert NJ, Zhao L, Tilg H. Why we need to curb the emerging worldwide epidemic of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Nat Metab. 2019;1:1027-9.

49. Rutter H, Savona N, Glonti K, Bibby J, Cummins S, Finegood DT, et al. The need for a complex systems model of evidence for public health. Lancet. 2017;390:2602-4.

50. Lazarus JV, Kopka CJ, Younossi ZM, Allen AM. It's time to expand the fatty liver disease community of practice. Hepatol- ogy. 2023;78:1325-8.

How to cite this article: Lazarus JV, Mark HE, Allen AM, Arab JP, Carrieri P, Noureddin M, et al. A global action agenda for turning the tide on fatty liver disease. Hepatology. 2024;79:502-523. https://doi.org/10.1097/HEP.0000000000000545