# Life Cycle Inventory of French fisheries: AGRIBALYSE for sea products

Joël Aubin, Thomas Cloatre, Delphine Ciolek, Vincent Colomb

► To cite this version:

Joël Aubin, Thomas Cloatre, Delphine Ciolek, Vincent Colomb. Life Cycle Inventory of French fisheries: AGRIBALYSE for sea products. 11. International Conference on Life Cycle Assessment of Food 2018 (LCA Food), Oct 2018, Bangkok, Thailand. hal-02497715

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Submitted on 2 Jun 2020

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Distributed under a Creative Commons CC0 1.0 - Universal - International License
LIFE CYCLE INVENTORY OF FRENCH
FISHERIES: AGRIBALYSE FOR SEA
PRODUCTS

Thomas Cloâtre ¹, Delphine Ciolek ¹,
Vincent Colomb ², Joël Aubin ³

1 : CNPMEM, Paris, France

2 : ADEME, Angers, France

3 : INRA, Rennes, France

Joel.aubin@inra.fr

t.cloatre@comite-peches.fr

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Introduction

1) Building framework- scenarios

1) Organisation

2) Getting the stake-variables

3) Getting the framework- scenarios

2) Outputs: the generated scenarios

1) 7 scenarios out of the DESIRABLE's scope

2) 9 scenarios on artisanal scale

3) 7 scénarios on an industrial scale

3) Conclusion

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# ICV PÊCHE PROJECT

A co-constructed project to improve the environmental impact of French fishery sector

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## Objectives:

* improve knowledge and methods for environmental impact assessment of fishery products using LCA

* produce Life Cycle Inventories of representative products of French fisheries to include them in the AGRIBALYSE® database

## 15 Partners:

* Representatives of fishermen organizations

* Scientists from INRA and IRD

* engineering consultants

## Financers:

* ADEME

* France Filière Pêche

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INRA
SCIENCE & IMPACT

IRD

Institut de recherche
pour le développement

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CITPPM
CONFÉDÉRATION
DES INDUSTRIES
DE TRAITEMENT DES PRODUITS
DES PÊCHES MARITIMES
ET DE L'AQUACULTURE

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UNION DES ARMATEURS À LA PÊCHE DE FRANCE

ANOP
Association Nationale d'Organisations de Pêche et d'Alimentation marines

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SA.THO.AN.

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FEDOPA

Fédération des organisations de producteurs de la pêche artisanale

S E T E

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CYCLECO

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FRANCE
FILIÈRE
PÊCHE

aQuimer

Le pôle des produits aquatiques

ADEME

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Agence de l'Environnement
et de la Maîtrise de l'Énergie

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Liberté • Égalité • Fraternité
RÉPUBLIQUE FRANÇAISE

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Ministère
de l'Écologie,
du Développement
durable
et de l'Énergie

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Xavier Joly
— CONSEIL —

plate-forme
d'innovation
nouvelles
vagues

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BUREAU MAURIC

Naval Architecture and Marine Engineering

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INRA
SCIENCE & IMPACT

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# STUDIED FISHERIES

## Studied fisheries

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Albacore / Herring / Mackerel –
North East Atlantic - Pelagic trawl

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Saithe - North Sea - Bottom trawl

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Gadidea - Celtic Sea - Bottom
trawling

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Great scallop - Bay of St Brieuc -
Dredge

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Sardine - Bay of Biscay - Seine

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Sole - Bay of Biscay -
Net

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Bluefin tuna - Mediterranean Sea -
Seine / Long lining

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## 16 Triplets :
species - fishing gear - fishing area

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Tropical tunas –
Eastern central
Atlantic – Seine

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Sardine - Eastern central
Atlantic - Seine / Pelagic
trawl

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Tropical tunas –
Indian Ocean – Seine

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# LCA SCOPE AND BONDARIES

## Objective : Follow the PEF recommendations and ILCD framework

- Cradle to gate

- FU : 1 ton of landed product

- Allocation between species : mass basis

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LCA Food 2018

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* European pilchard (Sardina pilchardus) fished in the Bay of Biscay by seine,

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* Great scallop (Pecten maximus) harvested in Saint Brieuc Bay by dredge,

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* Tropical tuna (Katsuwonus pelamis and Thunnus alalunga) fished in the Eastern-Central Atlantic sea by seine,

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* Common sole (Solea solea) fished in the Bay of Biscay by trammel net

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* Gadids (Merlangius merlangus, Gadus morhua, Melanogrammus aeglefinus) fished in the Celtic Sea by benthic trawl

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LIFE CYCLE INVENTORY

* Survey of 20-30 fishermen per triplet during 2016-2018

* Landings 2011-2015

* Use of national database on landing and by-catch
# IMPACT ASSESSMENT FOR 1 TON OF LANDED FISH

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LCA Food 2018

## Climate change
kg CO2-eq/ton

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## Eutrophication
kg PO4 eq-ton

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## Acidification
kg SO2-eq / ton

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## Cumulative energy demand
MJ-eq/ton

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INRA
SCIENCE & IMPACT
FUEL CONSUMPTION

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LCA Food 2018

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# CHOICE OF BIOTIC IMPACTS FOR FISHERIES

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LCA Food 2018

Several types of impacts of fishery on marine ecosystem:

- on fish stocks by resource harvesting

- on habitats specifically benthos

- on species equilibrium and trophic chains

- On marine biodiversity

**Indicators:**

- Availability in littérature

- Sensitivity

- Equity (relevant for all types of fishery)

- Availability of data

- LCA compliant

Selected with scientists and
fishery representatives

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# PRESSURE ON FISH STOCKS

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LCA Food 2018

$$I_{\text{Stocks}} = \frac{(\text{Fish mass} \times \text{CF} + \text{Discarded mass} \times \text{CF})}{\text{Fish mass}}$$

$$\text{CF} = \left( \frac{F}{F_{\text{MSY}}} - 1 \right) \cdot \frac{1}{B}$$

* F : Pressure on fish stock

* MSY: Maximum Sustainable Yield

* B: Biomass

Based on littérature :

**Emanuelson A., Ziegler F., Pihl L., Sköld M. & Sonesson U., 2014.** Accounting for overfishing in life cycle assessment: New impact categories for biotic resource use. International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment. 19(5). pp 1156-1168. 13 p.

**Froese, R., Demirel, N., Coro, G., Kleisner, K.M., Winker, H. 2017.** Estimating fis heries reference points from catch and resilience. Fish and Fisheries. 18, 506-526.

**Hélias, A., Langlois, J., Fréon, P., 2018.** Fisheries in life cycle assessment: Operational factors for biotic resources depletion. Fish and Fisheries. In press.

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■ E. Pilchard ■ Atl. Cod ■ Mackerel ■ Com. Sole ■ Haddock ■ Others ■ Discarded

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IMPACT COMPARISON

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# COMMENTS

## General Trends

* More fuel consumption with benthic trawling

* Less environmental impact for monospecific pelagic fisheries (pilchard)

* The consumable protein yield should be taken into account (Scallops)

* Plurispecific artisanal fisheries have higher pressure on stocks

## Limits

Precise data on landings is difficult to obtain

By-catches and discarded are difficult to evaluate and statistics are scarce

Other impacts on marine ecosystem should be implemented

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## CONCLUSION

* A first experiment on French fisheries achieved

* A constructive dialogue between the partners to build perspectives for fisheries

* Tools for data collection, a methodological report with details on practices, are available for further LCA studies

* A database to be implemented in the national Agribalyse database

* A new project to better analyse and exploit data

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THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION

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