compromising the ecosystem. Bioremediation utilising bacteria to transform pollutants into a less toxic form is one of the approaches for solving Mo pollution...

## Biodegradation of organophosphorus pesticide profenofos by the bacterium Bacillus sp. PF1 and elucidation of initial degradation pathway

Authors: Mahajan R, Verma S, Chatterjee S

Source: Environmental Technology DOI 10.1080/09593330.2021.1976282

**Abstract:** Among the organophosphate pesticides, the wide and indiscriminate use of profenofos (PFF) in agricultural and horticultural crops has resulted in serious environmental and animal health concerns and therefore demands an urgent need to develop a biological solution for its effective removal from the environment. For the bioremediation of PFF, a strain PF1, capable of utilizing profenofos as the sole source of carbon and energy was isolated from the soil samples of apple orchards of Shimla region of Himachal Pradesh, India...

## Responses of rhizosphere bacterial communities, their functions and their network interactions to Cd stress under phytostabilization by Miscanthus spp.

Authors: Chen ZJ, Tian W, Li YJ and more...

Source: Environmental Pollution 287, 2021, DOI 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117663

**Abstract:** Miscanthus has good tolerance to heavy metals (HMs) and has received increasing attention in studies of HM-contaminated soil remediation. In this study, four Miscanthus cultivars (M. lutarioriparius Xiangnadi NO4, M. sinensis Xiangmang NO1, M. lutarioriparius x M. sinensis hybrid Xiangzamang NO1, and M. floridulus Wujiemang NO1) that grow in China

were studied. Their tolerance and enrichment abilities in soils containing 50 mg kg(-1) cadmium (Cd) and the structure and function of their rhizosphere bacterial communities during the remediation process were analyzed...

## Biodegradation of phorate by bacterial strains in the presence of humic acid and metal ions

Authors: Singh S, Kumar V, Anil AG, Romero R and more...

Source: Journal of Basic Microbiology DOI 10.1002/jobm.202100332

**Abstract:** Phorate is a systemic insecticide used to eradicate mites, insects, and nematodes. Extensive use of this organophosphate has engendered severe environmental concerns. The current research aimed to explore the kinetic pathways of phorate biodegradation in aqueous solutions. Two novel bacterial strains *Pseudomonas aeruginosa* strain PR1 (KP268772.1) and *Pseudomonas* sp. PR_02 (KP268773.1) were isolated, screened, and developed given their potential to degrade phorate...

## Enhancing Zn and Cd removal from heavy metal-contaminated paddy soil using an artificial microbial consortium

Authors: Ge Y, Cheng HN, Zhou WB and more...

Source: Journal of Soils and Sediments 2021, DOI 10.1007/s11368-021-03066-y

**Abstract:** Purpose Agricultural soil contamination by heavy metals is a serious environmental problem, and developing feasible and effective soil remediation technologies is a top priority. In this study, a microbial consortium dominated by sulfur-oxidizing bacteria was constructed to enhance Cd and Zn removal from contaminated soil...
## Current strategies and prospects in algae for remediation and biofuels: An overview

**Authors:** Kandasamy S, Narayanan M, He Z and more...

**Source:** BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 35, 2021, DOI 10.1016/j.bcab.2021.102045

**Abstract:** Phycoremediation is an environmentally sustainable method that utilizes macro and microalgae to remediate polluted land and water. Phycoremediation consists of two elements: the microbial niche around the algae and the second by the algae itself, which absorb and degrade the toxic pollutants into less or non-toxic components. The advanced gene cloning technology on algae could improve gene efficiency and produce the active xenobiotic degrading enzyme...

## Bacterial Exopolysaccharides: Insight into Their Role in Plant Abiotic Stress Tolerance

**Authors:** Bhagat N, Raghav M, Dubey S, Bedi N

**Source:** Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology 31(8): 1045-1059, 2021, DOI 10.4014/jmb.2105.05009

**Abstract:** Various abiotic stressors like drought, salinity, temperature, and heavy metals are major environmental stresses that affect agricultural productivity and crop yields all over the world....The third environmental stressor is presence of heavy metals in the soil due to improper industrial waste disposal practices that are toxic for plants. EPS production by soil bacteria can result in the biomineralization of metal ions, thereby imparting metal stress tolerance to plants...

## Mercury resistance and plant growth promoting traits of endophytic bacteria isolated from mercury-contaminated soil

**Authors:** Ustiatik R, Nuraini Y, Suharjono S and more...

**Source:** Bioremediation Journal 2021, DOI 10.1080/10889868.2021.1973950

**Abstract:** Mercury (Hg) is a toxic trace element that can cause serious environmental problems. The main source of Hg contamination to soil across Indonesia is artisanal and small-scale gold mining (ASGM) and strategies to manage or remove Hg from soil are needed. This study isolated Hg-resistant endophytic bacteria from indigenous local grasses (Cynodon dactylon and Eleusine indica) growing in Hg-contaminated soils to identify potential inoculants that could increase plant growth and mercury uptake for phytoremediation...

## Rhizosphere bacterial community dynamics of the cadmium hyperaccumulator *Sedum plumbizincicola* under a cadmium concentration gradient during phytoextraction

**Authors:** Hou JY, Liu WX, Li Y and more...

**Source:** Plant and Soil 2021, DOI 10.1007/s11104-021-05123-4

**Abstract:** Aims The rhizosphere microbiome plays an important role in plant growth and behavior during phytoremediation. This work aims to explore how hyperaccumulating plant performance (shoot biomass and Cd uptake) and rhizosphere bacterial community are driven by plant development under a Cd concentration gradient and their relationship during plant growth...
## Phosphate functionalized iron based nanomaterials coupled with phosphate solubilizing bacteria as an efficient remediation system to enhance lead passivation in soil

**Authors:** Teng ZD, Zhao X, Yuan JJ and more...

**Source:** Journal of Hazardous Materials 419, 2021, DOI 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.126433

**Abstract:** Bioremediation technology has attracted increasing interest due to its efficient, economical and eco-friendly application to heavy metal contaminated soil. This study presents a new biological remediation system with phosphate functionalized iron-based nanomaterials and phosphate solubilizing bacterium strain *Leclercia adecarboxylata*...

## Anaerobic-petroleum degrading bacteria: Diversity and biotechnological applications for improving coastal soil

**Authors:** Wang BC, Kuang SPS, Shao HB, Wang L, Wang HH

**Source:** Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety 224, 2021, DOI 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112646

**Abstract:** Due to the industrial emissions and accidental spills, the critical material for modern industrial society petroleum pollution causes severe ecological damage. The prosperous oil exploitation and transportation causes the recalcitrant, hazardous, and carcinogenic sludge widespread in the coastal wetlands. The costly physicochemical based remediation remains the secondary and inadequate treatment for the derivatives along with the tailings. Anaerobic microbial petroleum degrading biotechnology has received extensive attention for its cost acceptable, eco-friendly, and fewer health hazards...

## Sugarcane bagasse biochar modulates metal and salinity stresses on microbial functions and enzyme activities in saline co-contaminated soils

**Authors:** Azadi N, Raiesi F

**Source:** Applied Soil Ecology 167, 2021, DOI 10.1016/j.apsoil.2021.104043

**Abstract:** Biochar can reduce salinity stress and metal toxicity to soil microbial community and enzymatic activity, hence would improve soil biological fertility and quality. However, the effects of sugarcane bagasse biochar (SCB) on microbial and biochemical responses to salinity stress in metal co-contaminated soils still remain unknown. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of SCB application on microbial activity, biomass and enzymatic activities in a soil co-contaminated with cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) when simultaneously exposed to NaCl salinity stress during an incubation experiment...

## Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi alleviate negative effects of arsenic-induced stress on crop plants: A meta-analysis

**Author:** Neidhardt H

**Source:** PLANTS PEOPLE PLANET 3(5): 523-535, 2021, DOI1 0.1002/ppp3.10122

**Abstract:** Societal Impact Statement The inoculation with arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi shows great potential to increase the tolerance of host plants toward toxic arsenic. In many Asian countries and elsewhere, crops are increasingly being irrigated with arsenic-contaminated groundwater, which causes loss of yield and the risk that arsenic enters the food chain. Greenhouse cultivation experiments demonstrated that AM fungi are able to increase the arsenic tolerance in crop plants, but the results are highly variable. This meta-analysis demonstrates that AM fungi significantly reduce the arsenic concentration, and at the same time, positively modify the nutrient supply and the
biomass in host crops that are grown under arsenic stress...

Specific arbuscular
mycorrhizal fungal-plant
interactions determine
radionuclide and metal
transfer into Plantago
lanceolata

**Authors:** Rosas-Moreno J, Pittman JK, Robinson CH

**Source:** PLANTS PEOPLE PLANET 3(5): 667-678, 2021, DOI 10.1002/ppp3.10185

**Abstract:** Societal Impact Statement Industrial activity has left a legacy of pollution by radionuclides and heavy metals. The exposure of terrestrial environments to increased levels of ionising radiation and toxic elements is of concern, not only because of the immediate effects to biota but also because of the potential risk of mobilisation into higher levels of a food chain. Here, we present a study that extends our knowledge of how arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi contribute to the mobilisation of non-essential elements in environments such as former mine sites, and provides a perspective that will be of interest for the management and remediation of such sites...

Biodegradation of low-density
polyethylene (LDPE) sheet by
microalga, Uronema
africanum Borge

**Authors:** Sanniyasi E, Gopal K, Gunasekar DK, Raj PP

**Source:** Scientific Reports 11, 1, 2021, DOI 10.1038/s41598-021-96315-6

**Abstract:** Plastic (polyethylene) pollution is a severe cause of deterioration of a healthy environment. For example, ingestion of plastics in the animal gut, clogging of water canals and retarded solid waste management. Many conventional methods of polyethylene degradation include UV photooxidation, thermal oxidation, incineration, chemical oxidation and

landfill are being practiced. However, these methods are not feasible, costlier and not a complete solution for this global issue. Therefore, plausible, alternative solution for this issue is biodegradation. Microbes such as bacteria, fungi and algae are involved in polyethylene degradation in its natural habitat. Among them, algae were given very less importance...

A review on the microbial
degradation of chlorpyrifos
and its metabolite TCP

**Authors:** Bose S, Kumar PS, Vo DVN

**Source:** Chemosphere 283, 2021, DOI 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.131447

**Abstract:** Chlorpyrifos (CPF) falls under the category of organophosphorus pesticides which are in huge demand in the agricultural sector. Overuse of this pesticide has led to the degradation of the quality of terrestrial and aquatic life. The chemical is moderately persistent in the environment but its primary metabolite 3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol (TCP) is comparatively highly persistent. Thus, it is important to degrade the chemical and there are many proposed techniques of degradation...

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi
reduce cadmium
accumulation in plants:
evidence and uncertainty

**Author:** Sterckeman T

**Source:** Plant and Soil 2021, DOI 10.1007/s11104-021-05126-1

**Commentary:** Non-essential and toxic for all living organisms, cadmium (Cd) is a trace element to which a significant part of the world population is chronically overexposed through the consumption of food made from cereals, tubers or vegetables (Clemens et al. 2013). Cadmium in these plant products comes from the soil, through root absorption and translocation to the harvested organs (Sterckeman and Thomine 2020)...
# Culture-dependent study of arsenic-reducing bacteria in deep aquatic sediments of Bengal Delta

**Authors:** Bandopadhyay C, Manna SK, Samanta S, and more...

**Source:** Environmental Science and Pollution Research 2021, DOI 10.1007/s11356-021-16312-0

**Abstract:** Biogeochemical release of soil-bound arsenic (As) governs mobilization of the toxic metalloid into the groundwater. The present study has examined As-V-reduction ability of bacteria from anoxic aquatic sediments that might contribute to arsenic mobilization in the Bengal Delta...

# Comparative Investigation of 15 Xenobiotic-Metabolizing N-Acetyltransferase (NAT) Homologs from Bacteria

**Authors:** Garefalaki V, Papavergi MG, Savvidou O and more...

**Source:** Applied and Environmental Microbiology 87, 19, 2021, DOI 10.1128/AEM.00819-21

**Abstract:** Arylamines constitute a large group of industrial chemicals detoxified by certain bacteria through conjugation reactions catalyzed by N-acetyltransferase (NAT) enzymes. NAT homologs, mostly from pathogenic bacteria, have been the subject of individual studies that do not lend themselves to direct comparisons. By implementing a practicable pipeline, we carried out a comparative investigation of 15 NAT homologs from 10 bacteria, mainly bacilli, streptomycetes, and one alphaproteobacterium...

# Inhibition of cadmium releasing from sulfide tailings into the environment by carbonate-mineralized bacteria

**Authors:** Yin TT, Lin H, Dong YB and more...

**Source:** Journal of Hazardous Materials 419, 2021, DOI 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.126479

**Abstract:** Microbially induced carbonate precipitation (MICP) could be a potential green solution to resolve the issue of heavy metal releasing from the sulfide tailings. However, detailed mechanism of heavy metal-biomineralization in sulfide tailings and impact of procedure parameters on in-situ applications remain unexplored. We systematically investigated the biomineralization process in the column tests for a better understanding of the mechanism...

# Glyphosate-degrading behavior of five bacterial strains isolated from stream biofilms

**Authors:** Rossi F, Carles L, Donnadieu F, Batisson I, Artigas J

**Source:** Journal of Hazardous Materials 420, 2021, DOI 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.126651

**Abstract:** The present study investigates the individual degrading behavior of bacterial strains isolated from glyphosate degrading stream biofilms. In this aim, biofilms were subjected to enrichment experiments using glyphosate or its metabolite AMPA (aminomethyl phosphonic acid) as the sole phosphorus source...

# Lowered Cd toxicity, uptake and expression of metal transporter genes in maize plant by ACC deaminase-producing bacteria
Achromobacter sp

**Authors:** Sun LN, Zhang XH, Ouyang WK and more...

**Source:** Journal of Hazardous Materials 423, 2021, DOI 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.127036

**Abstract:** In this study, an ACC deaminase-producing bacterial strain Chromobacter sp. A1 was isolated from maize rhizosphere soil, characterized and evaluated for the effects on cadmium (Cd) immobilization in solution/
rhizosphere, physiological characteristics and the tissue Cd contents in maize and the molecular mechanisms involved by hydroponic and pot experiments...

## Succession of enzymes and microbial biomarkers in the process of vermicomposting: An insight towards valorization of toxic paper mill wastes using *Perionyx excavates* (Oligochaeta; Perrier, 1872)

**Authors:** Ganguly RK, Chakraborty SK

**Source:** Journal of Environmental Health Science and Engineering 2021, DOI 10.1007/s40201-021-00701-1

**Abstract:** Main insight of the study was to evaluate the potential of *Perionyx excavates*, an indigenous earthworm of India towards bioconversion of toxic paper mill wastes. The study had considered a comprehensive study over succession of different enzymes and microbial biomasses alongside removal of heavy metals to reflect the qualitative enrichment of the toxic waste through valorisation procedure...

## The effect of combined pollution by PAHs and heavy metals on the topsoil microbial communities of Spolic Technosols of the lake Atamanskoe, Southern Russia

**Authors:** Gorovtsov A, Demin K, Sushkova S and more...

**Source:** Environmental Geochemistry and Health 2021, DOI 10.1007/s10653-021-01059-x

**Abstract:** The contamination with organic and inorganic pollutants changes significantly soil microbial community structure. These shifts indicate anthropogenic pressure and help to discover new possibilities for soil remediation. In this study, the microbial community structure of

Spolic Technosols formed at the territory of a former industrial sludge reservoir near the Kamensk-Shakhtinsky (Southern Russia) was studied using a metagenomics approach...

## Microbial reduction of Cr(VI) in the presence of Ni, Cu and Zn by bacterial consortium enriched from an electroplating contaminated site

**Authors:** Gong WJ, Wang XR, Zhao HP

**Source:** Biodegradation 2021, DOI 10.1007/s10532-021-09962-x

**Abstract:** The bioremediation of Cr(VI) has been intensively reported in recent years, while little information about Cr(VI)-reducing consortium enriched from in-situ contaminated soil has been revealed, specifically the functional genes involved. In this study, we verified a Cr(VI) reduction process by a consortium enriched from in-situ contaminated soil through enzymatic analysis...

## Biochar aging alters the bioavailability of cadmium and microbial activity in acid contaminated soils

**Authors:** Bandara T, Franks A, Xu JM and more...

**Source:** Journal of Hazardous Materials 420, 2021, DOI 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.126666

**Abstract:** The effects of biochar aging on heavy-metal bioavailability and microbial activity are not fully understood. This study determined the effect over 270 days of poultry-litter biochar (PBC) and sugar-gum-wood biochar (SBC) on the bioavailability of Cd and microbial activity in acidic soils differing in organic matter content...
Microbial response and
adaption to thallium
contamination in soil profile

**Authors:** She JY, Liu J, He HP and more...

**Source:** Journal of Hazardous Material 423-A, 2022, DOI 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.127080

**Abstract:** Thallium (Tl) is a trace metal with high toxicity. Comprehensive investigation of spatial distribution of Tl and microorganism is still limited in soils from mining area. In this study, 16S rRNA sequencing and network analysis were used for deciphering the co-occurrence patterns of bacterial communities in two different types of soil profiles around a typical Tl-bearing pyrite min...

Plant-microbial remediation
of chlorpyrifos contaminated
soil

**Authors:** Wang X, Hou JW, Liu WR, Bao J

**Source:** JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH PART B-PESTICIDES FOOD CONTAMINANTS AND AGRICULTURAL WASTES 2021, DOI 10.1080/03601234.2021.1977570

**Abstract:** With the development of modern agriculture, the pollution caused by the use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides has become a serious problem, posing a threat to human health and the living environment. The remediation of plant microorganisms has been seen as an economical, effective, and eco-friendly method of cleaning up soils contaminated with organophosphorus pesticides. In this study, white-rot fungi were immobilized by adsorption method, a plant-microbial remediation met was established...

Evaluation of the PGPR
Capacity of Four Bacterial
Strains and Their Mixtures,
Tested on Lupinus albus var.
Dorado Seedlings, for the
Bioremediation of Mercury-
Polluted Soils

**Authors:** Gonzalez D, Blanco C, Probanza A and more...

**Source:** Processes 9, 8, 2021, DOI 10.3390/pr9081293

**Abstract:** Soil contamination by mercury, which is one of the most toxic heavy metals due to its bioaccumulative capacity, poses a risk to the environment as well as health. The Almaden mining district in Ciudad Real, Spain is one of the most heavily-polluted sites in the world, making the soils unusable. Bioremediation, and more specifically phyto-rhizoremediation, based on the synergistic interaction established between plant and Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR), improves the plant's ability to grow, mobilize, accumulate, and extract contaminants from the soil...

Bioaugmentation and
bioaugmentation-assisted
phytoremediation of heavy
metal contaminated soil by a
synergistic effect of
cyanobacteria inoculation,
biochar, and purslane
(*Portulaca oleracea* L.)

**Authors:** Zanganeh F, Heidari A, Sepehr A, Rohani A

**Source:** Environmental Sciences and Pollution Research 2021, DOI 10.1007/s11356-021-16061-0

**Abstract:** In recent decades, soil contamination with heavy metals has become an environmental crisis due to their long-term stability and adverse biological effects. Therefore, bioremediation is an eco-friendly technology to remediate contaminated soil, which the efficiency requires further research. This study was designed to comparatively investigate two strategies: bioaugmentation by using a cyanobacterial species (Oscillatoria sp.) and bioaugmentation-assisted phytoremediation by using Oscillatoria sp. and purslane (*Portulaca oleracea* L.) for the bioremediation of soil contaminated by heavy metals (Cr (III), Cr (VI), Fe, Al, and Zn)...
Ectomycorrhizal fungi enhance the tolerance of phytotoxicity and cadmium accumulation in oak (*Quercus acutissima* Carruth.) seedlings: modulation of growth properties and the antioxidant defense responses

Authors: Sun W, Yang BS, Zhu YD and more...

Source: Environmental Science and Pollution Research 2021, DOI 10.1007/s11356-021-16169-3

Abstract: Ectomycorrhizal fungi (EMF), which form symbiotic ectomycorrhiza with tree roots, mediate heavy metal tolerance of host plants. To investigate the roles of EMF in the growth, modulation of oxidative stress, and cadmium (Cd) accumulation and translocation in *Quercus acutissima* seedlings, ectomycorrhizal seedlings inoculated with *Suillus luteus* were treated with different Cd concentrations (0.1, and 5 mg kg (-1)) for 14 days...

Deciphering the endophytic and rhizospheric microbial communities of a metallophyte commelina communis in different cu-polluted soils

Authors: He L, Ren YZ, Zeng WM and more...

Source: Microorganisms 9, 8, 2021, DOI 10.3390/microorganisms9081689

Abstract: Metallophytes microbiota play a key role in plant growth and resistance to heavy metal stress. Comparing to the well-studied single or some specific plant growth-promoting (PGP) bacterial strains, our current understanding of the structural and functional variations of microbiome of metallophytes is still limited. Here, we systematically investigated the endophytic and rhizosphere bacterial community profiles of a metallophyte Commelina communis growing in

different Cu-polluted soils by high-throughput sequencing technology...

Co-metabolic and biochar-promoted biodegradation of mixed PAHs by highly efficient microbial consortium QY1

Authors: Li M, Yin H, Zhu MH and more...

Source: Journal of Environmental Sciences 107: 65-76, 2021, DOI 10.1016/j.jes.2021.02.002

Abstract: Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), typical representatives of the persistent organic pollutants (POPs), have become ubiquitous in the environment. In this study, a novel microbial consortium QY1 that performed outstanding PAHs-degrading capacity has been enriched. The degradation characteristics of single and mixed PAHs treated with QY1 were studied...

Isolation and development of a microbial consortium for the treatment of automobile service station wastewater

Authors: Singh P, Kadam V, Patil Y

Source: Journal of Applied Microbiology 2021, DOI 10.1111/jam.15257

Abstract: This work aims to investigate the nature of waste being generated by automobile service stations (ASS) and to devise a microbial-based formulation for the treatment of ASS wastewater...
# Remediation of Petroleum-Contaminated Soils with Microbial and Microbial Combined Methods: Advances, Mechanisms, and Challenges

**Authors:** Sui Xi, Wang XM, Li YH Ji HB

**Source:** Sustainability 13, 16, 2021, DOI 10.3390/su13169267

**Abstract:** The petroleum industry's development has been supported by the demand for petroleum and its by-products. During extraction and transportation, however, oil will leak into the soil, destroying the structure and quality of the soil and even harming the health of plants and humans. Scientists are researching and developing remediation techniques to repair and re-control the afflicted environment due to the health risks and social implications of petroleum hydrocarbon contamination...

# Isolation, characterization, and evaluation of a high-siderophore-yielding bacterium from heavy metal-contaminated soil

**Authors:** Wang Y, Huang W, Li YaQ and more...

**Source:** Environmental Science and Pollution Research 2021, DOI 10.1007/s11356-021-15996-8

**Abstract:** Heavy metal-resistant siderophore-producing bacteria (SPB) with plant growth-promoting traits can assist in phytoremediation of heavy metal-contaminated soil. We isolated siderophore-producing bacteria from Pb and Zn mine soil in Shangyu, Zhejiang, China...

# Experimental study on treatment of heavy metal-contaminated soil by manganese-oxidizing bacteria

**Authors:** Liu MB, Wang SL, Yang M and more...

**Source:** Environmental Science and Pollution Research 2021, DOI 10.1007/s11356-021-15475-0

**Abstract:** There are many studies on the treatment of heavy metals by manganese-oxidizing bacteria and the reaction is good; the problem of compound pollution of heavy metals in soil has been difficult to solve. In this study, the application of manganese-oxidizing bacteria in soil was studied...

# Lead pollution and bacterial bioremediation: a review

**Authors:** Sevak PI, Pushkar BK, Kapadne PN

**Source:** Environmental Chemistry Letters 2021, DOI1 0.1007/s10311-021-01296-7

**Abstract:** Environmental pollution by lead is an old, still unsolved health issue, calling for advanced remediation strategies. Here, we review lead toxicity, lead bioremediation with bacteria, and topics such as efflux, biosorption, exopolysaccharide, bioprecipitation, biomineralization, bioaccumulation and sequestration...

# Copper (II) Ion Action on Soil Bacteria

**Authors:** Asatiani N, Abuladze M, Kartvelishvili T and more...

**Source:** Water Air and Soil Pollution 232, 9, 2021, DOI 10.1007/s11270-021-05317-7

**Abstract:** Soil contamination with heavy metals causes heavy environmental problems, in particular toxic effects on plants as well as on animals and humans. This article analyzes the effects of copper, a potentially toxic metal and abundant contaminant, on soil bacteria...
# Genetically engineered microbial remediation of soils co-contaminated by heavy metals and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons: Advances and ecological risk assessment

**Authors:** Wu C, Li F, Yi SW, Ge F

**Source:** Journal of Environmental Management 296, 2021, DOI 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.113185

**Abstract:** Soils contaminated with heavy metals (HMs) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) have been becoming a worldwide concerned environmental problem because of threatening public healthy via food chain exposure. Thus soils polluted by HMs and PAHs need to be remediated urgently. Physical and chemical remediation methods usually have some disadvantages, e.g., cost-expensiveness and incomplete removal, easily causing secondary pollution, which are hence not environmental-friendly. Conventional microbial approaches are mostly used to treat a single contaminant in soils and lack high efficiency and specificity for combined contaminants. Genetically engineered microorganisms (GEMs) have emerged as a desired requirement of higher bioremediation efficiency for soils polluted with HMs and PAHs and environmental sustainability, which can provide a more ecofriendly and cost-effective strategy in comparison with some conventional techniques. This review comments...

# Understanding variations in soil properties and microbial communities in bamboo plantation soils along a chromium pollution gradient

**Authors:** Zhang XP, Gai X, Zhong ZK, Bian FY and more...

**Source:** Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety 222, 2021, DOI 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112507

**Abstract:** With high biomass productivity and resistance to heavy metals (HM) stress, bamboo has strong potential for HM phytoremediation.

However, few studies have been conducted under field conditions to explore changes in soil physicochemical and microbial properties of bamboo forests with HM-contaminated soils. This study established bamboo (Phyllostachys praecox) plantations in five Cr-contaminated sites with different pollution levels...

# Differential strategies of two species of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in the protection of maize plants grown in chromium-contaminated soils

**Authors:** Beltran-Nambo MD, Rojas-Jacuinde N, Martinez-Trujillo M and more...

**Source:** Biometals 2021, DOI 10.1007/s10534-021-00340-x

**Abstract:** Chromium (Cr) is a nonessential element for plants that is extremely toxic at high concentrations. Zea mays L. is a species of plant that has developed adaptive mechanisms to increase its tolerance and absorption capacity for this metal. One effective mechanism is to form associations with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), which help the plant cope with stress from heavy metals such as Cr. However, it is still not clear which species of AMF are more efficient as bioremediating agents for plants of agricultural importance...

# Draft Genome Sequence of *Stenotrophomonas maltophilia* Strain PE591, a Polyethylene-Degrading Bacterium Isolated from Savanna Soil

**Authors:** Frederico TD, Peixoto J, de Sousa JF, and more...

**Source:** MICROBIOLOGY RESOURCE ANNOUNCEMENTS 10, 32, 2021, DOI 10.1128/MRA.00490-21

**Abstract:** We report the genome sequence of a polyethylene-degrading bacterial strain identified
as Stenotrophomonas maltophilia strain PE591, which was isolated from plastic debris found in savanna soil. The genome was assembled in 16 scaffolds with a length of 4,751,236 bp, a GC content of 66.5%, and 4,432 predicted genes...

## Metal accumulation, growth and nutrition of vernonia polyanthes exposed to lead nitrate and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi

**Authors:** Morais J, Boechat CL de Oliveira DF and more...

**Source:** Bioscience Journal 37, 2021, DOI 10.14393/BJ-v37n0a2021-53697

**Abstract:** The association between plants and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) can be used to bioremediate areas contaminated by metals. The objectives of this work were to evaluate the lead (Pb2+) phytoaccumulation capacity, morphology and nutrition responses of Vernonia polyanthes exposed to a solution amended with concentrations of lead nitrate and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. The treatments consisted of increasing doses of Pb2+ as lead nitrate [Pb(NO3)2], two strains of AMF and an absolute control without lead and AMF...

## Transcriptomics of different tissues of blueberry and diversity analysis of rhizosphere fungi under cadmium stress

**Authors:** Chen SP, Zhuang QQ, Chu XL and more...

**Source:** BMC Plant Biology 21, 1, 2021, DOI 10.1186/s12870-021-03125-z

**Abstract:** Blueberry (Vaccinium ssp.) is a perennial shrub belonging to the family Ericaceae, which is highly tolerant of acid soils and heavy metal pollution. In the present study, blueberry was subjected to cadmium (Cd) stress in simulated pot culture. The transcriptomics and rhizosphere fungal diversity of blueberry were analyzed, and the iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn) and cadmium (Cd) content

of blueberry tissues, soil and DGT was determined...

## Selection of filamentous fungi that are resistant to the herbicides atrazine, glyphosate and pendimethalin

**Authors:** Barbosa Bravim NPB, Alves AF, Orlanda JFF, Silva PBR

**Source:** Acta Scientiarum Agronomy 43, 2021, DOI 10.4025/actasciagron.v43i1.51656

**Abstract:** The objective of the present study was to isolate fungi from agricultural soils and evaluate fungal growth in culture medium contaminated with atrazine, glyphosate and pendimethalin. Filamentous fungi were isolated from agricultural soils and cultured in a modified culture medium containing 0, 10, 20, 50, and 100 mg mL(-1) atrazine, glyphosate and pendimethalin for 14 days at 28 degrees C...

# ERA / PUBLICATIONS

## SCIENTIFIQUES /

## PLASTIQUES

## Biofilm-Developed Microplastics As Vectors of Pollutants in Aquatic Environments

**Authors:** Wang JL, Guo X, Xue JM

**Source:** ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 55:12780-12790, 2021, DOI 10.1021/acs.est.1c04466

**Abstract:** Microplastics are a big and growing part of global pollution, which has aroused increasing concern in recent years because of their large amount, wide distribution, and adverse effects. Microplastics can sorb various pollutants from aquatic environments and act as vectors of pollutants. Most studies mainly focused on the virgin microplastics. However, microplastics in environments can be easily colonized by microorganisms, and form biofilm, which will
influence the behaviors and potential risks of microplastics. The formation of biofilm on microplastics and its effects on their properties have been studied before, but their sorption and transport behaviors, and potential risks for pollutants' transfer have not been reviewed. In this paper, the role of biofilm-developed microplastics as vectors of pollutants was thoroughly analyzed and summarized...

## Dynamics of soil bacteria and fungi communities of dry land for 8 years with soil conservation management

Authors: Yang Y, Tong YA, Liang LY, Li HC et al.

Source: JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 299: 113544, 2021, DOI 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.113544

**Abstract:** Microorganisms play an important role in nutrient cycling and ecosystem stability. This experiment studied the conservation management approaches [control without fertilizer (CK); fertilizer and different mulching based straw mulching (SM), plastic mulching (PM), ridgefurrow with plastic mulching (RFPFM), and green manure (GM)] effects on the soil microbial community structures in spring corn (Zea Mayis) dry land...

## Integrated microbiology and metabolomics analysis reveal plastic mulch film residue affects soil microorganisms and their metabolic functions

Authors: Wu CC, Ma YJ, Wang D, Shan YP et al.

Source: JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 423 Part B: 127258, 2022, DOI 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.127258

**Abstract:** Research on microplastic pollution of terrestrial soils is catching up with the aquatic environment, especially agricultural soil systems. Plastic residues have caused various environmental problems in mulch film extensively used agricultural areas. However, studies focusing specifically on the potential influence of mulch film residues on the metabolic cycle of soil

systems have yet to be conducted. Here, high-throughput sequencing combined with metabolomics were first used to study the effects of residual mulch on soil microbial communities and related metabolic functions...

## Transcriptome-Guided Insights Into Plastic Degradation by the Marine Bacterium

Authors: Kumari A, Bano N, Bag SK et al.

Source: FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY 12:751571, DOI 10.3389/fmicb.2021.751571

**Abstract:** Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) is a common single-use plastic that accumulated in the environment because of its non-degradable characteristics. In recent years, microbes from different environments were found to degrade plastics and suggested their capability to degrade plastics under varying environmental conditions. However, complete degradation of plastics is still a void for large-scale implications using microbes because of the lack of knowledge about genes and pathways intricate in the biodegradation process. In the present study, the growth and adherence of marine Bacillus species AllW2 on PET surface instigating structural deterioration were confirmed through weight loss and hydrophobicity reduction, as well as analyzing the change in bond indexes...

## Microbial Colonization and Degradation of Microplastics in Aquatic Ecosystem: A Review

Authors: Mishra S, Swai, S, Sahoo M et al.

Source: GEOMICROBIOLOGY JOURNAL Early Access, DOI 10.1080/01490451.2021.198367

**Abstract:** A major apprehension is over microplastic pollution in the aquatic environment. These microplastics particles represent a novel medium in the aquatic environment, providing a substratum for various organic contaminants and for colonization of microorganisms. Microorganisms form a biofilm on the exterior of pollutants, consequential in a region known as a plastisphere, in which they interrelate and
generate acid and different enzymes for microplastic degradation. The use of microbes for microplastic degradation has become a contentious exit indication as society focuses more on environmentally friendly pollution reduction methods. [...] The current review article discusses microbial colonization and degradation of microplastics present in aquatic ecosystems and the processes involved...

## Do microplastic biofilms promote the evolution and co-selection of antibiotic and metal resistance genes and their associations with bacterial communities under antibiotic and metal pressures?

**Authors:** Liu XW, Wang HX, Li LL et al.

**Source:** JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 424:127285, 2022, DOI 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.127285

**Abstract:** Microplastic (MP) biofilms with heterogeneous bacterial compositions and structure have become a hotspot of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in aquatic environments. The evolutionary features of ARGs and their related factors including class 1 integron (intl1), metal resistance genes (MRGs), and bacterial communities in MP biofilms under exogenous pressures and how they compared with natural substrates (NS) are unclear. The individual and combined pressures of sulfamethoxazole, tetracycline, and zinc were used to drive the dynamic evolution of ARGs,urpose films...

## Influence of polystyrene microplastics on levofloxacin removal by microalgae from freshwater aquaculture wastewater

**Authors:** Wu X, Wu H, Zhang A et al.

**Source:** JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 301:113865, 2022, DOI 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.113865

**Abstract:** *Chlorella vulgaris* has attracted widespread attention because of its ability to absorb, enrich, and degrade typical endocrine-disrupting antibiotics (such as levofloxacin) in aquaculture wastewater. However, microplastic pollution in wastewater, which is becoming an increasingly severe problem, will exert a toxic effect on aquatic organisms (such as *C. vulgaris* and other microalgae). Polystyrene microplastics (PS-MPs), which are commonly found in freshwater aquaculture wastewater, are the most harmful. Therefore, clarifying the effects of PS-MPs on the ability of *C. vulgaris* to degrade typical endocrine-disrupting antibiotics in freshwater aquaculture wastewater and determining the mechanism of the effect are particularly important...

## Ageing with algal EPS reduces the toxic effects of polystyrene nanoplastics in freshwater microalgae *Scenedesmus obliquus*

**Authors:** Giri S, Mukherjee A

**Source:** JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMICAL ENGINEERING 9:105978, 2021, DOI 10.1016/j.jece.2021.105978

**Abstract:** The increase in the daily usage of the plastics aggravates their risk of accumulation in the freshwater bodies. The extra polymeric substances (EPS) secreted by the freshwater algae can interact with these particles altering their physicochemical behaviour and fate in the process. The effects of the EPS coated polystyrene nanoparticles (EPS/PSNPs) in freshwater microalgae are still not very clear. The current work investigates the role of ageing the PSNPs (plain, aminated and carboxylated) with EPS in the freshwater medium in influencing their toxic effects towards a freshwater microalga *Scenedesmus obliquus*...
Effects of biofilm on metal adsorption behavior and microbial community of microplastics

**Authors:** Wang QJ, Yong Z, Zhang YY et al.

**Source:** JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 424:127340, 2022, DOI 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.127340

**Abstract:** In this study, the adsorption behavior of Cu(II) and Pb(II) on the biofilm-developed polystyrene (PS) micro plastics (MPs) was compared with the virgin PS (V-PS) and UV-aged PS (UV-PS)...

Towards understanding the impact of plastics on freshwater and marine microalgae: A review of the mechanisms and toxicity endpoints

**Authors:** Nam SH, Lee J, An YJ

**Source:** JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 423: 127174, 2022, DOI 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.127174

**Abstract:** Plastics are ubiquitous and persistent in aquatic environments, threatening environmental and human health. This review focused on the effects of plastics (single toxicity) and associated chemicals (combined or leachate toxicities) on freshwater and marine microalgae. Forty-seven publications from 2010 to 2020 were used in this review...

Microplastics pollution in the ocean: Potential carrier of resistant bacteria and resistance genes

**Authors:** Stenger KS, Wikmark OG, Bezuidenhout CC, Molale-Tom LG

**Source:** ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION 291: 118130, 2021, DOI 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.118130

**Abstract:** Microplastics pollution in marine environments is concerning. Microplastics persist and accumulate in various sections of the ocean where they present opportunity for micropollutant accumulation and microbial colonisation. Even though biofilm formation on plastics was first reported in the 1970's, it is only in recent years were plastic associated biofilms have gained research attention. [...] This review explores microplastic waste in the ocean and possible concerns that may arise from the presence of microplastics in conjunction with favourable conditions for the development and dispersal of antibiotic resistance in the ocean and food web...

Microplastics change soil properties, heavy metal availability and bacterial community in a Pb-Zn-contaminated soil

**Authors:** Feng XY, Wang QL, Sun YH and more...

**Source:** Journal of Hazardous Materials 424, A, 2021, DOI 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.127364

**Abstract:** Microplastics (MPs) co-occur widely with diverse contaminants in soils. However, few data are available on their impacts on soil chemical and microbial properties of heavy metal-contaminated soils. For the first time, we investigated the changes in chemical and microbial properties of a Pb-Zn-contaminated soil as induced by six different MPs...

Analysis and microbial degradation of Low-Density Polyethylene (LDPE) in Winogradsky column

**Authors:** Sridharan R, Krishnaswamy VG, Kumar PS

**Source:** Environmental Research 201, 2021, DOI 10.1016/j.envres.2021.111646e

**Abstract:** Plastic pollution is threatening the world and the life in it. Cost-effective and eco-friendly treatment is the need of the hour. Treating plastics using chemical methods adds up chemicals into the environment with toxic
byproducts. The physical method, a slow and expensive process, is not the better alternative. The process should rely on the environmental sources producing eco-friendly byproducts. The byproducts such as biofuel could be utilized for a sustainable environment, but the conversion of plastics into biofuel is expensive. Hence, biodegradation is the better, sustainable, and cost-effective process for plastic/any other pollutant removal...

## Biodegradable plastics: Effects on functionality and fertility of two different soils

**Authors:** Mazzon M, Gioacchini P, Montecchio D, Rapisarda S et al.

**Source:** APPLIED SOIL ECOLOGY 169: 104216, 2022, DOI 10.1016/j.apsoil.2021.104216

**Abstract:** In agriculture, the use of soil biodegradable mulch films could represent an eco-friendly alternative to conventional plastic films. However, soil biodegradable mulch films incorporated into the soil through tillage, being not only a physical but also a biogeochemical input, is expected to influence the soil quality by affecting its functions. Therefore, the eco-compatibility of these biodegradable plastics needs to be evaluated for their impact on different soil functions. To understand the effect of biodegradable plastics on soil quality (i.e. microbial biomass, nitrogen cycle, and activity of soil enzymes involved in the biochemical processes of carbon and nitrogen), we added increasing quantities of biodegradable plastics in two different soils: a loamy (Cambisol) and sandy (Arenosol) soil...

## Plastic film mulching reduces microbial interactions in black soil of northeastern China

**Authors:** Luo SS, Wang SJ, Zhang HJ, Zhang et al.

**Source:** APPLIED SOIL ECOLOGY 169: 104187, 2021, DOI 10.1016/j.apsoil.2021.104187

**Abstract:** Plastic film mulching (PF) can change soil properties and microbial community structure. However, the effect of PF on soil

microbial interactions in different aggregate fractions is still unclear. We conducted a three-year field trial in black soil of northeastern China to evaluate the variation in soil microbial interactions and community structure in different aggregate fractions after PF. Compared with the control (CK), the PF treatment significantly decreased the humification index by 13.9% and chromophoric dissolved organic matter by 36.6% and significantly increased the fractal dimension by 4.8% and electrical conductivity by 22.8% ...

## The Terrestrial Plastisphere: Diversity and Polymer-Colonizing Potential of Plastic-Associated Microbial Communities in Soil

**Authors:** MacLean J, Mayanna S, Benning LG and more...

**Source:** Microorganisms 9, 9, 2021, DOI 10.3390/microorganisms9091876

**Abstract:** The concept of a 'plastisphere microbial community' arose from research on aquatic plastic debris, while the effect of plastics on microbial communities in soils remains poorly understood. Therefore, we examined the inhabiting microbial communities of two plastic debris ecosystems with regard to their diversity and composition relative to plastic-free soils from the same area using 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing...

## The Terrestrial Plastisphere: Diversity and Polymer-Colonizing Potential of Plastic-Associated Microbial Communities in Soil

**Authors:** MacLean J, Mayanna S, Benning LG et al.

**Source:** MICROORGANISMS 9:1876, 2021, DOI 10.3390/microorganisms9091876

**Abstract:** The concept of a 'plastisphere microbial community' arose from research on aquatic plastic debris, while the effect of plastics on microbial communities in soils remains poorly understood. Therefore, we examined the inhabiting microbial communities of two plastic debris ecosystems
with regard to their diversity and composition relative to plastic-free soils from the same area using 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing. Furthermore, we studied the plastic-colonizing potential of bacteria originating from both study sites as a measure of surface adhesion to UV-weathered polyethylene using high-magnification field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM)...

## Assessing the risks of potential bacterial pathogens attaching to different microplastics during the summer-autumn period in a mariculture cage

**Authors:** Hou DD, Hong M, Wang YT et al.

**Source:** MICROORGANISMS 9: 1909, 2021, DOI 10.3390/microorganisms9091909

**Abstract:** As microplastic pollution continues to increase, an emerging threat is the potential for microplastics to act as novel substrates and/or carriers for pathogens. This is of particular concern for aquatic product safety given the growing evidence of microplastic ingestion by aquaculture species. However, the potential risks of pathogens associated with microplastics in mariculture remain poorly understood. Here, an in situ incubation experiment involving three typical microplastics including polyethylene terephthalate, polyethylene, and polypropylene was conducted during the summer-autumn period in a mariculture cage...

## Characterization and Molecular Identification of Poly Urethane Degrading Bacteria

**Authors:** Yazhini VS, Prabha ML, Issac R

**Source:** Journal of Pure and Applied Microbiology 15(3): 1291-1300, 2021, DOI 10.22207/JPAM.15.3.19

**Abstract:** Plastics can be considered as the world's largest pollution that is accumulating in the environment. The degradation of these plastics is

difficult because they are accumulated over years and also they are dumped in an area which causes more environmental problems. To reduce the environmental pollution under the waste management with the help of microorganism was taken into account...

## Analysis of microbial populations in plastic-soil systems after exposure to high poly(butylene succinate-co-adipate) load using high-resolution molecular technique

**Authors:** Tanunchai B, Juncheed K, Wahdan SFM, and more...

**Source:** Environmental Sciences Europe 33, 1, 2021, DOI 105DOI10.1186/s12302-021-00528-5

**Abstract:** Background Bio-based and biodegradable plastics are considered as plastics of the future owing to their ability to decompose under various environmental conditions. However, their effects on the soil microbiome are poorly characterised. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effects of an important bio-based and biodegradable plastic, polybutylene succinate-co-adipate (PBSA), on soil microbial diversity and community composition using high-resolution molecular technique...

## Polystyrene nanoplastics change the functional traits of biofilm communities in freshwater environment revealed by GeoChip 5.0

**Authors:** Miao LZ, Guo S, Wu J et al.

**Source:** JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 423: 127117, 2022, DOI 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.127117

**Abstract:** There is an increasing concern regarding the potential effects of nanoplastics (NPs) on freshwater ecosystems. Considering the functional values of biofilms in freshwater, knowledge on whether and to what extent NPs can
influence the ecosystem processes of biofilms were still limited. Herein, the freshwater biofilms cultured in lab were exposed to 100 nm polystyrene NPs (PS-NPs) of different dosages (1 and 10 mg/L) for 14 days...

## Environmental behaviors of microplastics in aquatic systems: A systematic review on degradation, adsorption, toxicity and biofilm under aging conditions

**Authors:** Luo HW, Liu CY, He DQ et al.

**Source:** JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 423: 126915, 2022, DOI 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.126915

**Abstract:** Microplastics (MPs, < 5 mm) in the environment have attracted worldwide attention due to their wide distribution and difficulty in handling. Aging processes such as UV irradiation, biodegradation, physical abrasion and chemical oxidation can affect the environmental behavior of MPs. This review article summarizes different aging processes of MPs and subsequent effects on the adsorption of pollutants, the leaching of additives, and the toxicity of MPs...

## Presence of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) fibers in hyporheic zone alters colonization patterns and seasonal dynamics of biofilm metabolic functioning

**Authors:** Matjasic T, Simcic T, Kanduc T et al.

**Source:** WATER RESEARCH 203: 117455, 2021, DOI 10.1016/j.watres.2021.117455

**Abstract:** Worldwide, the production of plastics is increasing, and plastic pollution in aquatic environments is a major global concern. Under natural conditions, plastic weathers to smaller pieces called microplastics (MP), which come in various shapes, with fibers often being the most common in freshwater sediments. The hyporheic zone, an ecotone between surface and

groundwater, is important for the transport and fate of all MP particles. The main metabolic pathways in rivers take place in the hyporheic zone and are driven by a diverse microbial community. The objective of this study was to investigate in situ whether the presence of PET fibers in riverbed sediments affects patterns of colonization and the seasonal dynamics of microbial metabolic activities in the hyporheic zone...

## Aquatic Biofilms-Sink or Source of Microplastics? A Critical Reflection on Current Knowledge-Web of Science Core Collection

**Authors:** Kalcikova G, Bundschuh M

**Source:** ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY Early Access, 2021, DOI 10.1002/etc.5195

**Abstract:** The scientific understanding regarding sources, occurrence, and effects of microplastics in the aquatic environment has advanced rapidly, leaving some meaningful knowledge gaps virtually untouched. One of them is the interactions of microplastics and biofilms, microbial communities ubiquitous in aquatic ecosystems and fundamental for a range of ecosystem-level processes. It is evident that biofilms can quickly develop on the microplastic surface and consequently change particle properties and, as such, its fate and ecotoxicity. Moreover, microplastics interact with ubiquitous biofilms that are developed on any surfaces in aquatic ecosystems. Although the knowledge about these interactions is at best limited, it is expected that microplastics attach to the water-biofilm interface or penetrate the biofilm matrix. Microplastics can accumulate and ab- or adsorb to those biofilms where they are subjected to transformation processes such as fragmentation. Thus, biofilms may function as a sink...
## Biogeography rather than substrate type determines bacterial colonization dynamics of marine plastics

**Authors:** Coons AK, Busch K, Lenz M et al.

**Source:** PEERJ 9: e12135, 2021, DOI 10.7717/peerj.12135

**Abstract:** Since the middle of the 20th century, plastics have been incorporated into our everyday lives at an exponential rate. In recent years, the negative impacts of plastics, especially as environmental pollutants, have become evident. Marine plastic debris represents a relatively new and increasingly abundant substrate for colonization by microbial organisms, although the full functional potential of these organisms is yet to be uncovered. In the present study, we investigated plastic type and incubation location as drivers of marine bacterial community structure development on plastics, i.e., the Plastisphere, via 16S rRNA amplicon analysis. Four distinct plastic types: high density polyethylene, linear low-density polyethylene, polyamide, polymethyl methacrylate, and glass-slide controls were incubated for five weeks in the coastal waters of four different biogeographic locations (Cape Verde, Chile, Japan, South Africa) during July and August of 2019...

## The structure and assembly mechanisms of plastisphere microbial community in natural marine environment

**Authors:** Zhang SJ, Zeng YH, Zhu JM et al.

**Source:** JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 421: 126780, 2022, DOI 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.126780

**Abstract:** The microbial colonization profiles on microplastics (MPs) in marine environments have recently sparked global interest. However, many studies have characterized plastisphere microbiomes without considering the ecological processes that underly microbiome assembly. Here, we carried out a three-timepoint exposure experiment at 1-, 4-, and 8-week and investigated the colonization dynamics for polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, polyvinyl chloride,

and acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene MP pellets in natural coastal water...

## The plastic Trojan horse: Biofilms increase microplastic uptake in marine filter feeders impacting microbial transfer and organism health

**Authors:** Fabra M, Williams L, Watts JEM et al.

**Source:** SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 797:149217, 2021, DOI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.149217

**Abstract:** Microplastic pollution has become a major source of concern, with a large body of literature surrounding the impacts of microplastic ingestion by biota. However, many of these studies utilise virgin microbeads, which are not reflective of environmental microplastics that are rapidly colonised with microbial communities (plastisphere) in marine ecosystems. It is a concern therefore that current evidence of the impacts of microplastics on biota are unrepresentative of the environmental microplastic pollution. In this study, uptake and bioaccumulation of both virgin and Escherichia coli coated microplastics, by European native oysters (Ostrea edulis) were compared, and the physiological responses of oysters to the exposure were investigated...

## Microbial colonizers of microplastics in an Arctic freshwater lake

**Authors:** Gonzalez-Pleiter M, Velazquez D, Casero MC et al.

**Source:** SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 795:148640, 2021, DOI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.148640

**Abstract:** Microplastics (MPs) have been found everywhere as they are easily transported between environmental compartments. Through their transport, MPs are quickly colonized by microorganisms; this microbial community is known as the plastisphere. Here, we characterized the plastisphere of three MPs, one biodegradable (PHB) and two non-biodegradables
(HDPE and LDPE), deployed in an Arctic
freshwater lake for eleven days...

Parental exposure to
sulfamethazine and
nanoplastics alters the gut
microbial communities in the
offspring of marine medaka
(*Oryzias melastigma*)

Authors: He SQ, Li D, Wang FPet al.

Source: JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 423A: 127003, 2021, DOI 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.127003

**Abstract:** The individual and combined toxicity of antibiotics and nanoplastics in marine organisms has received increasing attention. However, many studies have been mostly focused on the impacts on the directly exposed generation (F0). In this study, intergenerational effects of sulfamethazine and nanoplastic fragments (polystyrene) on the growth and the gut microbiota of marine medaka (*Oryzias melastigma*) were investigated...

Soil pH has a stronger effect
than arsenic content on
shaping plastisphere bacterial
communities in soil

Authors: Li HQ, Shen YJ, Wang WL and more...

Source: Environmental Pollution 287, 2021, DOI 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117339

**Abstract:** Microplastic (MP) pollution is widespread in various ecosystems and is colonized by microbes that form biofilms with compositions and functions. However, compared with aquatic environments, the soil environment has been poorly studied in terms of the taxonomic composition of microbial communities and the factors influencing the community structure of microbes in the plastisphere. In the present study, a microcosm experiment was conducted to investigate the plastisphere bacterial communities...

Deciphering the diversity and
functions of plastisphere
bacterial communities in
plastic-mulching croplands of
subtropical China

Authors: Luo GW, Jin T, Zhang HR and more...

Source: Journal of Hazardous Material 22, 2022, DOI 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.126865

**Abstract:** Considering the inhomogeneity of plastisphere and surrounding soil, it is plausible that the microbial community colonizing it also varies, affecting soil services and sustainability. Herein, we analyzed the soil and film residue from fifty-five plastic-mulching croplands in the subtropical areas of China...

Assessing the presence of
microplastic particles in
Tunisian agriculture soils and
their potential toxicity
effects using *Eisenia andrei*
as bioindicator

Authors: Boughattas I, Hattab S, Zitouni N, Mkhinini M et al.

Source: SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 796: 148959, 2021, DOI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.148959

**Abstract:** In the present study, we investigated microplastics (MPs) in agricultural soils with different agronomic practices (organic farming, soil under greenhouses, soil under mulching and soil irrigated with treated wastewater (TWW)). Plastic particles from each site were collected and characterized by FTIR and Raman microspectroscopy. Plastic particles were then ground and added (size range under 100 μm) at a concentration of 100 μg kg(-1) to soils from organic farming containing *Eisenia andrei* for 7 and 14 days. MPs accumulation in earthworms was quanti-fied and characterized. Oxidative stress was assessed by evaluating the activities of catalase, glutathione-S-trans-ferase, and acetylcholinesterase as well as malondialdehyde accumulation...
# Cross-Hemisphere Study Reveals Geographically Ubiquitous, Plastic-Specific Bacteria Emerging from the Rare and Unexplored Biosphere

**Authors:** Scales BS, Cable RN, Duhaime MB et al.

**Source:** MSPHERE 6: e00851-20, 2021, DOI 10.1128/mSphere.00851-20

**Abstract:** While it is now appreciated that the millions of tons of plastic pollution travelling through marine systems carry complex communities of microorganisms, it is still unknown to what extent these biofilm communities are specific to the plastic or selected by the surrounding ecosystem. To address this, we characterized and compared the microbial communities of microplastic particles, non plastic (natural and wax) particles, and the surrounding waters from three marine ecosystems (the Baltic, Sargasso and Mediterranean seas) using high-throughput 16S rRNA gene sequencing...

# Microbial biofilm composition and polymer degradation of compostable and non-compostable plastics immersed in the marine environment

**Authors:** Delacuvellerie A, Benali S, Cyriaque V et al.

**Source:** JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 419: 126526, 2021, DOI 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.126526

**Abstract:** Different plastic types considered as compostable are found on the market such as petro-based (e.g., polybutylene adipate terephthalate (PBAT)) or bio-based plastics (e.g., polylactic acid, (PLA)). Even if their degradation has been confirmed in industrial compost conditions, investigation of their degradation in natural marine environment has been limited. To better understand biodegradation into natural marine environment, commercial compostable (PBAT, semi-crystalline and amorphous PLA) and

non-compostable polymers (low density polyethylene, polystyrene, polyethylene terephthalate, polyvinyl chloride) were submerged in situ on the sediment and in the water column in the Mediterranean Sea. These samples were studied by chemical and microbiological approaches...

# Biodegradation of low-density polyethylene (LDPE) sheet by microalga, *Uronema africanum* Borge

**Authors:** Sanniyasi E, Gopal RK, Gunasekar DK, Raj PP

**Source:** SCIENTIFIC REPORTS 11: 17233, 2021, DOI 10.1038/s41598-021-96315-6

**Abstract:** Plastic (polyethylene) pollution is a severe cause of deterioration of a healthy environment. For example, ingestion of plastics in the animal gut, clogging of water canals and retarded solid waste management. Many conventional methods of polyethylene degradation include UV photooxidation, thermal oxidation, incineration, chemical oxidation and landfill are being practiced. However, these methods are not feasible, costlier and not a complete solution for this global issue. Therefore, plausible, alternative solution for this issue is biodegradation. Microbes such as bacteria, fungi and algae are involved in polyethylene degradation in its natural habitat. Among them, algae were given very less importance. In our present study, a potential microalga, morphologically identified as *Uronema africanum* Borge, isolated from a waste plastic bag collected from a domestic waste dumping site in a freshwater lake. This microalga was further treated with the LDPE sheet in BBM culture medium...

# The effect of salinity on the interaction between microplastic polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and microalgae Spirulina sp.

**Authors:** Hadiyanto H, Muslihuddin M, Khoironi A et al.
**Source:** ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH Early Access, 2021, DOI 10.1007/s11356-021-16286-z

**Abstract:** The increasing use of plastic over the last few decades has had an impact of plastic pollution in aquatic ecosystems. Plastic pollutions may be in the form of microplastics either from primary or secondary sources. These microplastics will indirectly affect human health through the food chain. This research was aimed at evaluating the interaction between microplastic and microalgae that are a source of food supplements. The experiment was conducted by investigating the impact of microplastic polyethylene terephthalate (PET) on microalga Spirulina sp. cultivated in fresh water and saline water (7 ppt salinity) for 14 days. The growth rate and morphology of Spirulina sp. and PET were evaluated...

## Polystyrene microplastics induce microbial dysbiosis and dysfunction in surrounding seawater

**Authors:** Ye GZ, Zhang X, Yan CZ et al.

**Source:** ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 156: 106724, 2021, DOI 10.1016/j.envint.2021.106724

**Abstract:** Microplastics are ubiquitously present in the environment, accumulate in aquaculture water, and cause toxicological effects on aquatic organisms. Besides, microplastics provide ecological niches for microorganisms in aquatic environments. However, the effects of microplastics on microbial balance and function in surrounding water are still unclear, especially for aquaculture water. Therefore, 16S rRNA gene sequencing was employed to uncover polystyrene microplastics (PS)-induced microbial dysbiosis in surrounding seawater cultivating marine medaka (Oryzias melastigmas) and to screen related potential bacterial biomarkers ...

## Deep-sea plastisphere: Long-term colonization by plastic-associated bacterial and archaeal communities in the Southwest Atlantic Ocean

**Authors:** Agostini L, Moreira JCF, Bendia AG et al.

**Source:** SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 793: 148335, 2021, DOI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.148335

**Abstract:** Marine plastic pollution is a global concern because of continuous release into the oceans over the last several decades. Although recent studies have made efforts to characterize the so-called plastisphere, or microbial community inhabiting plastic substrates, it is not clear whether the plastisphere is defined as a core community or as a random attachment of microbial cells. Likewise, little is known about the influence of the deep-sea environment on the plastisphere. In our experimental study, we evaluated the microbial colonization on polypropylene pellets and two types of plastic bags: regular high density polyethylene (HDPE) and HDPE with the oxo-biodegradable additive BDA. Gravel was used as control. Samples were deployed at three sites at 3300 m depth in the Southwest Atlantic Ocean and left for microbial colonization for 719 days. For microbial communities analysis, DNA was extracted from the biofilm on plastic and gravel substrates, and then the 16S rRNA was sequenced through the Illumina Miseq platform. Cultivation was performed to isolate strains from the plastic and gravel substrates...

## The ecology of the plastisphere: Microbial composition, function, assembly, and network in the freshwater and seawater ecosystems

**Authors:** Li CC, Wang LF, Ji SP et al.

**Source:** WATER RESEARCH 202: 117428, 2021, DOI 10.1016/j.watres.2021.117428

**Abstract:** Microplastics provide a unique habitat for microorganisms, forming the plastisphere. Yet the ecology of the plastisphere, including the microbial composition, functions, assembly processes, and interaction networks, needs to be understood. Here, we collected microplastics and their surrounding water samples in freshwater and seawater ecosystems. The bacterial and fungal communities of the plastisphere and the aquatic environment were studied based on 16S and
internal transcribed spacer (ITS) high-throughput sequencing...

## Low-Density Polyethylene Film Biodegradation Potential by Fungal Species from Thailand

**Authors:** Khruengsai S, Sripahco T, Pripdeevech P

**Source:** JOURNAL OF FUNGI 7: 594, 2021, DOI 10.3390/jof7080594

**Abstract:** Accumulated plastic waste in the environment is a serious problem that poses an ecological threat. Plastic waste has been reduced by initiating and applying different alternative methods from several perspectives, including fungal treatment. Biodegradation of 30 fungi from Thailand were screened in mineral salt medium agar containing low-density polyethylene (LDPE) films. *Diaporthe italiana*, *Thyrostroma jaczewskii*, *Collectotrichum fructicola*, and *Stagonosporopsis citrulli* were found to grow significantly by culturing with LDPE film as the only sole carbon source compared to those obtained from Aspergillus niger. These fungi were further cultured in mineral salt medium broth containing LDPE film as the sole carbon source for 90 days. The biodegradation ability of these fungi was evaluated from the amount of CO2 and enzyme production...

## Conditioning Film and Early Biofilm Succession on Plastic Surfaces

**Authors:** Rummel CD, Lechtenfeld OJ, Kallies R et al.

**Source:** ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 55: 11006-11018, 2021, DOI 10.1021/acs.est.0c07875

**Abstract:** In the context of environmental plastic pollution, it is still under debate if and how the "plastisphere", a plastic-specific microbial community, emerges. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that the first conditioning film of dissolved organic matter (DOM) sorbs selectively to polymer substrates and that microbial attachment is governed in a substrate-dependent manner. We investigated the adsorption of stream

water-derived DOM to polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polystyrene (PS), and glass (as control) including UV-weathered surfaces by Fourier-transform ion cyclotron mass spectrometry...

## Biofilm growth on buoyant microplastics leads to changes in settling rates: Implications for microplastic retention in the Great Lakes

**Authors:** Semcesen PO, Wells MG

**Source:** MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 170: 112573, 2021, DOI 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2021.112573

**Abstract:** Buoyant microplastic pollution disperses widely from sources via strong wind-driven water currents in lakes and oceans. This ability for dispersal depends critically upon the particle's density, which can change over time due to microbial growth (biofilm). This study quantifies biofilm-induced sinking rates of irregularly-shaped polypropylene granules (-125-2000 mu m) via ex-situ experiments emulating a Great Lakes freshwater environment. Biofilm development increases particle density and lowers microplastic rise velocities, eventually causing sinking...

## Contribution of stochastic processes to the microbial community assembly on field-collected microplastics

**Authors:** Sun YZ, Zhang MJ, Duan CX et al.

**Source:** ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY Early Access, 2021, DOI 10.1111/1462-2920.15713

**Abstract:** A growing body of evidence suggests that microplastics may be colonized with a unique microbiome, termed 'plastisphere', in aquatic environments. However, the deep mechanisms (deterministic and/or stochastic processes) underlying the community assembly on microplastics are still poorly understood. Here, we took the estuary of Hangzhou Bay (Zhejiang, China) as an example and examined the assembly mechanisms of bacterial communities in water and microplastic samples...
Polyethylene film mulching enhances the microbial carbon-use efficiency, physical and chemical protection of straw-derived carbon in an Entisol of the Loess Plateau

Authors: Mo F, Zhu Y, Wang ZY, Deng HL et al.

Source: SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
792: 148357, 2021, DOI
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.148357

**Abstract:** The global use of agricultural polyethylene mulches has emerged as a widespread farming practice, however, its effects on the fate and dynamics of crop straw-derived C in soil microbial biomass C (MBC), aggregate-associated and chemical recalcitrance-related C fractions are rarely assessed in situ. A two-year field experiment using C-13-labeled maize stem was carried out to quantify the allocation and dynamics of straw-C in an Entisol with and without plastic mulching. The results indicated that across the treatments, from 49.2% to 56.4% of straw-C-13 was released as CO2-C, from 34.9% to 43.1% was sequestrated as SOC pool, and from 6.7% to 9.7% remained undecomposed at the end of the experiment...

DROIT ET POLITIQUE
DE
L'ENVIRONNEMENT

La commission européenne enregistre une initiative citoyenne pour que les États membres tiennent compte de l'environnement

Europa.eu 27/10/21

La commission européenne enregistre l'initiative citoyenne européenne intitulée "Appel à l'action".

- Protection de l'environnement dans toutes les politiques" conformément au règlement (UE) 2019/788 du Parlement européen et du Conseil.

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Lancement de l'appel à
projets national Écophyto
2021-2022

Ministère de la transition Ecologique 26/10/21

Dans le cadre du plan Écophyto II+, des appels à projets nationaux sont lancés chaque année pour soutenir des projets en faveur d'une réduction de l'utilisation des produits phytopharmaceutiques, et de la limitation des risques et des impacts qui y sont liés. L'appel à projets pour les années 2021-2022 est lancé par l'OFB en lien avec les ministères pilotes du plan Écophyto. Il est doté d'une enveloppe indicative de 5,3 millions d'euros. [...]

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La liste des substances soumises à la redevance pour pollutions diffuses est mise en consultation

Ministère de la Transition Ecologique

La redevance pour pollutions diffuses est perçue par les agences et offices de l'eau lors de l'achat de produits phytopharmaceutiques ou de semences traitées avec les produits phytopharmaceutiques. Les redevables sont les distributeurs de ces produits, et les assujettis sont les acheteurs finaux (agriculteurs, personnes commandant d'une prestation de traitement de semence...).

Le projet de texte soumis à la présente consultation du public établit la liste actualisée des substances classées dans l'arrêté du 22 novembre 2010 établissant la liste des substances soumises à la redevance pour pollutions diffuses tel que défini dans l'article L.213-10-8 du code de l'environnement.

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# Lancement de l'étude PestiRiv : une étude inédite sur l'exposition aux pesticides des personnes vivant en zone viticole

Santé publique France 19/10/21

En France, une partie importante de la population rurale vit dans des régions viticoles. Ces personnes sont-elles particulièrement exposées aux produits utilisés pour les traitements phytopharmaceutiques et, si oui, comment ?

Pour répondre à ces questions, Santé publique France et l'Anses lancent ce jour PestiRiv, première étude de grande ampleur [mesures réalisées auprès de 3 350 personnes dans 6 régions françaises] visant à mieux connaître et comprendre l'exposition aux pesticides des personnes vivant près de cultures viticoles. [...]

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Cette étude est saluée par Générations Futures

# Second appel à candidatures d'experts pour la constitution du comité scientifique et technique du plan Écophyto II+

Ministère de l'agriculture 05/10/21

Le Gouvernement ainsi que l'OFB, l'INRAE et l'Anses lancent un second appel à candidatures d'experts afin de finaliser la constitution du comité scientifique et technique (CST) du plan Écophyto II+.

Ce comité a vocation à assurer le suivi régulier des indicateurs du plan Écophyto II+ (notamment le NODU, les quantités de produits phytopharmaceutiques vendues, etc. ...) et à apporter une interprétation plus complète de leur évolution dans le temps. [...]

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# A new approach for simulating potential impacts of fungal, insect and mammal pests on European forest ecosystems

ec europa 23/09/21

Science for Environment policy, 23rd September 2021 Issue 567

Global forest disturbance patterns – or events which disrupt the structure and composition of forests – are altering as a result of climate change. Changes, such as more severe insect outbreaks, cannegatively impact forests and the ecosystem services they provide to society. This study presents a new model that simulates the impacts of forest disturbance from biotic agents such as fungi, insects or large mammals.

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# Qualité de l'air : l'Organisation mondiale de la santé (OMS) communique de nouvelles lignes directrices

INERIS 22/09/21

L'OMS publie aujourd'hui de nouvelles lignes directrices relatives à la qualité de l'air, établies sur la base des dernières données scientifiques disponibles relatives aux effets des polluants atmosphériques sur la santé. Elles fixent des seuils de références pour les six principaux polluants atmosphériques qu'il est recommandé de ne pas dépasser pour limiter l'exposition des populations au niveau mondial et protéger leur santé. L'Ineris propose de premières analyses de l'impact de ces nouvelles lignes directrices sur l'exposition de la population française à la pollution atmosphérique. [...]

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# Les nouvelles lignes directrices mondiales de l'OMS sur la qualité de l'air visent à éviter des millions de décès dus à la pollution atmosphérique

### OMS 22/09/21

Avec les changements climatiques, la pollution atmosphérique est l'une des principales menaces environnementales pour la santé.

Les nouvelles lignes directrices mondiales de l'Organisation mondiale de la Santé (OMS) sur la qualité de l'air présentent des données montrant clairement les effets néfastes de la pollution atmosphérique sur la santé, à des concentrations encore plus faibles qu'on ne le croyait auparavant. De nouveaux seuils de qualité de l'air y sont recommandés pour protéger la santé des populations. Il s'agit en effet de réduire les concentrations des principaux polluants atmosphériques, dont certains contribuent également aux changements climatiques. [...]

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# Les indicateurs de risque harmonisés établis au niveau européen

### Ministère de l'agriculture 21/09/21

La directive européenne 2009/128 instaure « un cadre d'action communautaire pour parvenir à une utilisation des pesticides compatible avec le développement durable ». Elle pose les bases de plusieurs dispositifs réglementaires visant la réduction de l'utilisation, des risques et des impacts des produits phytopharmaceutiques (le certiphyto, l'inspection des matériels de pulvérisation, les restrictions d'usages dans les zones sensibles, l'interdiction de la pulvérisation aérienne, l'obligation de mettre en œuvre la protection intégrée des cultures...). [...]

L'article 15 de la directive prévoit en outre la mise en place d'indicateurs de risque harmonisés (HRI) au niveau communautaire. [...]

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# Consultation publique - Contrôle des matériels de pulvérisation des produits phytopharmaceutiques

### Ministère de l'agriculture 20/09/21

Le ministère de l'Agriculture et de l'Alimentation a préparé un projet de décret portant révision du dispositif de contrôle périodique obligatoire des matériels destinés à l'application de produits phytopharmaceutiques. Ce projet vise à assurer une mise en conformité avec la directive 2009/128/CE du 21 octobre 2009 instaurant un cadre d'action communautaire pour parvenir à une utilisation des pesticides, compatible avec le développement durable. [...]

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# Ranking the potential health risks of engineered nanoparticles in Europe

### ec europa 24/09/21

Science for Environment Policy, 16th August 2021 Issue 566

Source: Li, Y. and Cummins, E. (2021). A semi-quantitative risk ranking of potential human exposure to engineered nanoparticles (ENPs) in Europe. *Science of the Total Environment*, 778: 146232.

Developments in nanotechnology mean that engineered nanoparticles (ENPs) are found in increasingly large quantities on the European market. To manage any potential human health hazards, comprehensive risk-assessment tools and protocols are required. A novel model for the human health assessment of ENPs has been developed that ranks ENPs by risk, enabling the prioritisation of the most potentially hazardous ENPs in Europe.

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# Consultation publique: projet de décret en Conseil d'Etat sur les règles relatives aux certificats d'économie de produits phytopharmaceutiques (CEPP)

Ministère de l'agriculture 20/09/21

[...] Le décret soumis à la consultation du public [du 20 septembre au 10 octobre 2021] vient préciser le dispositif en métropole et en Outremer pour les années 2022 et suivantes. [...]

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# 2ème appel à candidatures d'experts pour finaliser la constitution du comité scientifique et technique du plan Écophyto II+

Ministère Transition écologique 16/09/21

[...] Le Gouvernement ainsi que l'OFB, INRAE et l'Anses lancent un appel à candidatures d'experts afin de finaliser la constitution du comité scientifique et technique (CST) du plan Ecophyto II+.

Missions du comité :

* Assurer le suivi régulier des indicateurs du plan Écophyto II+ (notamment le NODU, les quantités de produits phytopharmaceutiques vendues, etc. ...)

* Mieux évaluer les réalisations, les résultats et les impacts des actions du plan en termes de réduction d'utilisation des produits phytopharmaceutiques. [...]

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# Consultation publique : projet d'ordonnance relative aux variétés rendues tolérantes aux herbicides

Ministère de l'agriculture 9/09/21

Le projet d'ordonnance vise à créer dans le code rural et de la pêche maritime la base législative nécessaire pour réglementer les conditions de culture des variétés rendues tolérantes aux herbicides (VRTH).

Le Conseil d'Etat demande au gouvernement de mettre en œuvre la procédure (directive 2002/53/CE du 13 juin 2002, a.16), pour être autorisé à prescrire des conditions de culture appropriées pour les VRTH issues de la mutagénèse utilisée en France. [...]

Suite à l'avis de l'ANSES du 26 novembre 2019, qui identifie notamment des facteurs de risque quant au développement de résistances des adventices aux herbicides et à l'augmentation des usages d'herbicides.

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# REGLEMENTATION / DROIT

## Glyphosate : le crédit d'impôt entre en vigueur par décret

Décret n° 2021-1414 du 29 octobre 2021 relatif à l'entrée en vigueur des dispositions relatives au crédit d'impôt destiné aux entreprises agricoles qui n'utilisent plus de glyphosate prévues par l'article 140 de la loi n° 2020-1721 du 29 décembre 2020 de finances pour 2021NOR : AGRS2128073D

ELI:https://www.legifrance.gouv.fr/eli/decret/2021/10/29/AGRS2128073D/jo/texte

Alias:https://www.legifrance.gouv.fr/eli/decret/2021/10/29/2021-1414/jo/texte

JORF n°0254 du 30 octobre 2021 Texte n° 46

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## Date d'expiration reportée de l'approbation de la créosote utilisée dans les produits biocides

DÉCISION D'EXÉCUTION (UE) 2021/1839 DE LA COMMISSION du 15 octobre 2021 reportant la date d'expiration de l'approbation de la créosote en vue de son utilisation dans les produits biocides relevant du type de produits 8

Numéro officiel : UE/2021/1839
Date de signature : 15/10/2021

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## LMR de 6-benzyladénine et d'aminopyralide

REGLEMENT (UE) 2021/1841 DE LA COMMISSION du 20 octobre 2021 modifiant les annexes II et III du règlement (CE) n°396/2005 du Parlement européen et du Conseil en ce qui concerne les limites maximales applicables aux résidus de 6-benzyladénine et d'aminopyralide présents dans ou sur certains produits

Numéro officiel : UE/2021/1841
Date de signature : 20/10/2021
Liens juridiques : Modification Règlement
CE/396/2005 23/02/2005

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## LMR de flupyradifurone et d'acide difluoroacétique

REGLEMENT (UE) 2021/1842 DE LA COMMISSION du 20 octobre 2021 modifiant les annexes II et III du règlement (CE) n° 396/2005 du Parlement européen et du Conseil en ce qui concerne les limites maximales applicables aux résidus de flupyradifurone et d'acide difluoroacétique présents dans ou sur certains produits

Numéro officiel : UE/2021/1842
Date de signature : 20/10/2021
Liens juridiques : Modification Règlement
CE/396/2005 23/02/2005

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## Limites maximales applicables aux résidus de pesticides présents dans ou sur certains produits

Rectificatif au règlement (CE) n° 839/2008 de la Commission du 31 juillet 2008 modifiant le règlement (CE) n° 396/2005 du Parlement européen et du Conseil en ce qui concerne ses annexes II, III et IV relatives aux limites maximales applicables aux résidus de pesticides présents dans ou sur certains produits

Numéro officiel : CE/839/2008
Date de signature : 07/10/2021
Lien juridique : Rectification Règlement
CE/839/2008 31/07/2008

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## LMR aclonifène, d'acrinathrine, de Bacillus pumilus QST 2808, d'éthirimol, de penthiopyrade, de piclorame et de Pseudomonas

RÈGLEMENT (UE) 2021/1531 DE LA COMMISSION du 17 septembre 2021 modifiant les annexes II, III et IV du règlement (CE) no 396/2005 du Parlement européen et du Conseil en ce qui concerne les limites maximales applicables aux résidus d'aclonifène, d'acrinathrine, de Bacillus pumilus QST 2808, d'éthirimol, de penthiopyrade, de piclorame et de Pseudomonas sp. souche DSMZ 13134, présents dans ou sur certains produits

Numéro officiel : UE/2021/1531
Date de signature : 17/09/2021
Liens juridiques : Modification Règlement
CE/396/2005 23/02/2005

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## Rectification du numéro CAS de la substance de base «chlorhydrate de chitosane

RÈGLEMENT D'EXÉCUTION (UE) 2021/1446 DE LA COMMISSION du 3 septembre 2021 rectifiant les règlements d'exécution (UE) n° 540/2011 et (UE) n° 563/2014 en ce qui concerne le numéro CAS de la substance de base «chlorhydrate de chitosane »

Numéro officiel : UE/2021/1446
Date de signature : 03/09/2021
Liens juridiques : Modification Règlement d'exécution 540/2011 25/05/2011
Modification Règlement d'exécution UE/563/2014 23/05/2014

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## Approbation renouvelée de la substance active à faible risque «carbonate de calcium»

RÈGLEMENT D'EXÉCUTION (UE) 2021/1448 DE LA COMMISSION du 3 septembre 2021 renouvelant l'approbation de la substance active à faible risque «carbonate de calcium» conformément au règlement (CE) n° 1107/2009 du Parlement européen et du Conseil concernant la mise sur le marché des produits phytopharmaceutiques, et modifiant l'annexe du règlement d'exécution (UE) n° 540/2011 de la Commission

Numéro officiel : UE/2021/1448
Date de signature : 03/09/2021
Liens juridiques : Modification Règlement d'exécution UE/540/2011 25/05/2011

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Approbation prolongée des substances actives amidosulfuron, bifénox, chloroméquat, chlorotoluron, clofentézine, clomazone, cyperméthrine, daminozide, deltaméthrine, dicamba, difénoconazole, diflufénican,

diméthachlore, étofenprox, fenoxaprop-P, fenpropidine, fludioxonyl, flufénacet, fosthiazate, huile de paraffine, huiles de paraffine, hydroxy-8-quinoléine, indoxacarbe, lénacile, MCPA, MCPB, nicosulfuron, penconazole, phénylphénol-2

RÈGLEMENT D'EXÉCUTION (UE) 2021/1449 DE LA COMMISSION du 3 septembre 2021 modifiant le règlement d'exécution (UE) no 540/2011 en ce qui concerne la prolongation de la validité de l'approbation des substances actives amidosulfuron, bifénox, chlorméquat, chlorotoluron, clofentézine, clomazone, cyperméthrine, daminozide, deltaméthrine, dicamba, difénoconazole, diflufénican, diméthachlore, étofenprox, fenoxaprop-P, fenpropidine, fludioxonyl, flufénacet, fosthiazate, huile de paraffine, huiles de paraffine, hydroxy-8-quinoléine, indoxacarbe, lénacile, MCPA, MCPB, nicosulfuron, penconazole, phénylphénol-2 (y compris ses sels comme le sel de sodium), piclorame, propaquizafop, prosulfocarbe, quizalofop-P-éthyle, quizalofop-P-téfuryle, soufre, tétraconazole, triallate, triflusulfuron et tritosulfuron

Numéro officiel : UE/2021/1449
Date de signature : 03/09/2021
Liens juridiques : Modification Règlement d'exécution UE/540/2011 25/05/2011

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## Substances actives «acrinathrine» et «prochloraz» : période d'approbation modifiée

RÈGLEMENT D'EXÉCUTION (UE) 2021/1450 DE LA COMMISSION du 3 septembre 2021 modifiant le règlement d'exécution (UE) no 540/2011 en ce qui concerne la période d'approbation des substances actives «acrinathrine» et «prochloraz»

Numéro officiel : UE/2021/1450
Date de signature : 03/09/2021
Liens juridiques : Modification Règlement d'exécution UE/540/2011 25/05/2011

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## Approbation renouvelée de la substance active «hydrogénocarbonate de potassium» en tant que substance à faible risque

RÈGLEMENT D'EXÉCUTION (UE) 2021/1452 DE LA COMMISSION du 3 septembre 2021 renouvelant l'approbation de la substance active «hydrogénocarbonate de potassium» en tant que substance à faible risque conformément au règlement (CE) n° 1107/2009 du Parlement européen et du Conseil concernant la mise sur le marché des produits phytopharmaceutiques, et modifiant l'annexe du règlement d'exécution (UE) n° 540/2011 de la Commission

Numéro officiel : UE/2021/1452

Date de signature : 03/09/2021

Liens juridiques : Modification Règlement d'exécution UE/540/2011 25/05/2011

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## Non-approbation du sulfure de diméthyle en tant que substance de base

RÈGLEMENT D'EXÉCUTION (UE) 2021/1451 DE LA COMMISSION du 3 septembre 2021 portant non-approbation du sulfure de diméthyle en tant que substance de base conformément au règlement (CE) n° 1107/2009 du Parlement européen et du Conseil concernant la mise sur le marché des produits phytopharmaceutiques

Numéro officiel : UE/2021/1451

Date de signature : 03/09/2021

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## Approbation de la substance active à faible risque «Bacillus amyloliquefaciens souche AH2»

RÈGLEMENT D'EXÉCUTION (UE) 2021/1455 DE LA COMMISSION du 6 septembre 2021 portant approbation de la substance active à faible risque «Bacillus amyloliquefaciens souche AH2» conformément au règlement (CE) n° 1107/2009 du Parlement européen et du Conseil concernant la mise sur le marché des produits phytopharmaceutiques et modifiant le règlement d'exécution (UE) n° 540/2011 de la Commission

Numéro officiel : UE/2021/1455

Date de signature : 06/09/2021

Liens juridiques : Modification Règlement d'exécution UE/540/2011 25/05/2011

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## REGLEMENTATION / DEBAT

## Seuils des polluants organiques persistants : appel à consultation de la commission

### EC Europa

Les polluants organiques persistants (POP) sont des produits chimiques toxiques qui se dégradent lentement et se retrouvent dans la chaîne alimentaire, ce qui nuit à l'environnement et à notre santé.

Les déchets contenant des POPs sont particulièrement préoccupants. L'UE fixe donc des limites de concentration pour ces produits chimiques, qu'elle réexamine régulièrement pour tenir compte des résultats des travaux de recherche les plus récents. Période de contribution : 28 octobre 2021 - 23 décembre 2021 (minuit, heure de Bruxelles)

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# New EU farm to fork strategy to make our food healthier and more sustainable

## Europarl 20/10/21

Parliament welcomes the Farm to Fork strategy and underlines the importance of producing sustainable and healthy food to achieve the goals of the European Green Deal, including on climate, biodiversity, zero pollution and public health.

MEPs highlighted the need for enhanced sustainability at every step of the food supply chain and reiterated that everyone - from farmer to consumer - has a role to play in this. To ensure that farmers can earn a fair share of the profit made from sustainably produced food, MEPs want the Commission to reinforce efforts - including through the adaptation of competition rules - to strengthen the position of farmers in the supply chain. [...]

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# Rapport sur une stratégie «De la ferme à la table» pour un système alimentaire équitable, sain et respectueux de l'environnement - A9-0271/2021

## Parlement européen 30/09/21

Rapport sur une stratégie « De la ferme à la table » pour un système alimentaire équitable, sain et respectueux de l'environnement (2020/2260(INI)

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# AVIS / EXPERTISES / NORMES

## Non-conformités dans les eaux destinées à la consommation humaine dues

# aux métabolites du métolachlore

## ANSES 08/10/21

### Signalement n° 82

Extrait du rapport d'analyse et d'interprétation d'un signalement transmis à l'Anses au titre de la phytopharmacovigilance.

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# New dual screening method for emerging pollutant chemicals in urban wastewater, Lyon, France

## EC 23/09/21

Urban wastewaters contain a number of chemical contaminants – including plasticisers, flame retardants, pharmaceuticals and pesticides.

These chemicals are often ecotoxic – for example, those which disrupt hormones in organisms – and are a potential threat to aquatic life. This study aimed to establish a large-scale, environmental risk assessment (ERA) on emerging chemical pollutants continually released in effluent into local watercourses from 10 urban waste-water treatment plants (WWTP) in France.

SCIENCE FOR ENVIRONMENT POLICY, Environment, 23rd September 2021 Issue 567

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# Identifier les voies de transfert de l'AMPA vers un captage AEP pour mieux gérer la contamination

## BRGM 06/10/21

Le BRGM, en collaboration avec le Syndicat d'Eau du Roumois et du Plateau du Neubourg (SERPN) cherche à identifier les voies de transfert de l'AMPA (Acide Aminométhylphosphonique), un contaminant détecté de manière récurrente dans les eaux brutes du captage des Varras, en Seine-Maritime. [...]

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# Les chiffres clés de la Haute Valeur Environnementale (HVE)

Ministère Agriculture 07/10/21

La Haute Valeur Environnementale correspond au troisième niveau, le plus élevé, de la certification environnementale des exploitations agricoles. Cette certification d'exploitation est une démarche volontaire, accessible à toutes les filières et construite autour de quatre thématiques environnementales : la protection de la biodiversité, la réduction des produits phytosanitaires, la gestion de la fertilisation et la gestion de la ressource en eau. [...]

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# Avis délibéré de l'Autorité environnementale sur le plan stratégique national de la politique agricole commune 2023-2027

CGEDD 22/10/2021

Le plan stratégique national (PSN) de la politique agricole commune (Pac) mettra en œuvre un règlement européen, proposé par la Commission européenne en juin 2018 et non encore adopté. Il a pour objectif de préciser comment la France prévoit de mobiliser les instruments de la Pac (paiements directs, interventions sectorielles et développement rural) pour contribuer notamment à l'ambition du Pacte vert. Cet avis porte sur la qualité de l'évaluation environnementale présentée par la personne responsable, et sur la prise en compte de l'environnement par le plan ou le programme.

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## PUBLICATIONS DU RESEAU ECOTOX

Molecular Epidemiology of Azole-Resistant Aspergillus fumigatus in France Shows

# Patient and Healthcare Links to Environmentally Occurring Genotypes

Authors: Rocchi S, Sewell TR, Valot B, Godeau C et al.

Source: FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY 11: 729476, 2021, DOI 10.3389/fcimb.2021.729476

**Abstract:** Resistance of the human pathogenic fungus Aspergillus fumigatus to antifungal agents is on the rise. However, links between patient infections, their potential acquisition from local environmental sources, and links to global diversity remain cryptic. Here, we used genotyping analyses using nine microsatellites in A. fumigatus, in order to study patterns of diversity in France. In this study, we genotyped 225 local A. fumigatus isolates, 112 azole susceptible and 113 azole resistant, collected from the Bourgogne-Franche-Comte region (Eastern France) and sampled from both clinical (n = 34) and environmental (n = 191) sources...

# Silicon (Si) Alleviates Iron Deficiency Effects in Sea Barley (Hordeum marinum) by Enhancing Iron Accumulation and Photosystem Activities

Authors: Ksiaa M, Farhat N, Rabhi M, Elkhouni A et al.

Source: SILICON 20509, 2021, DOI 10.1007/s12633-021-01376-x

**Abstract:** Purpose Silicon (Si) is a ubiquitous element and the second most abundant after oxygen in the Earth's crust. Although silicon is not yet listed among the essential nutrients for higher plant growth, its beneficial impact on improving crop development and yield, especially under stressful environments such as iron deficiency, was well documented. Iron deficiency is a major concern for crop production mainly observed in calcareous soils all over the world. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of silicon on sea barley (Hordeum marinum ssp. marinum) under iron deficiency...
## Bt cotton area contraction drives regional pest resurgence, crop loss, and pesticide use

**Authors:** Lu YH, Wyckhuys KAG, Yang L, Liu B et al.

**Source:** PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 20509, 2021, DOI 10.1111/pbi.13721

**Abstract:** Genetically-modified crops expressing *Bacillus thuringiensis* (Bt) proteins have been widely cultivated, permitting an effective non-chemical control of major agricultural pests. While their establishment can enable an area-wide suppression of polyphagous herbivores, no information is available on the impact of Bt crop abandonment in entire landscape matrices. Here, we detail a resurgence of the cosmopolitan bollworm *Helicoverpa armigera* following a contraction of Bt cotton area in dynamic agro-landscapes over 2007-2019 in North China Plain...

## Assessment of exposure to ionizing radiation in Chernobyl tree frogs (*Hyla orientalis*)

**Authors:** Burraco P, Car C, Bonzom JM, Orizaola G

**Source:** SCIENTIFIC REPORTS 11(1): 20509, 2021, DOI 10.1038/s41598-021-00125-9

**Abstract:** Ionizing radiation can damage organic molecules, causing detrimental effects on human and wildlife health. The accident at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant (1986) represents the largest release of radioactive material to the environment. An accurate estimation of the current exposure to radiation in wildlife, often reduced to ambient dose rate assessments, is crucial to understand the long-term impact of radiation on living organisms. Here, we present an evaluation of the sources and variation of current exposure to radiation in breeding Eastern tree frogs (*Hyla orientalis*) males living in the Chernobyl Exclusion Zone...

## Emerging concepts and opportunities for endocrine disruptor screening of the non-EATS modalities

**Authors:** Martyniuk CJ, Martinez R, Navarro-Martin L, Kamstra JH et al.

**Source:** ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 204 Part A: 111904, 2022, DOI 10.1016/j.envres.2021.111904

**Abstract:** Endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) are ubiquitous in the environment and involve diverse chemical-receptor interactions that can perturb hormone signaling. The Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development has validated several EDC-receptor bioassays to detect endocrine active chemicals and has established guidelines for regulatory testing of EDCs. Focus on testing over the past decade has been initially directed to EATS modalities (estrogen, androgen, thyroid, and steroidogenesis) and validated tests for chemicals that exert effects through non-EATS modalities are less established. Due to recognition that EDCs are vast in their mechanisms of action, novel bioassays are needed to capture the full scope of activity...

## A cross-species comparative approach to assessing multi- and transgenerational effects of endocrine disrupting chemicals

**Authors:** Robaire B, Delbes G, Head JA, Marlatt VL et al.

**Source:** ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 204 Part B: 112063, 2021, DOI 10.1016/j.envres.2021.112063

**Abstract:** A wide range of chemicals have been identified as endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) in vertebrate species. Most studies of EDCs have focused on exposure of both male and female adults to these chemicals; however, there is clear evidence that EDCs have dramatic effects when mature or developing gametes are exposed, and consequently are associated with in multigenerational and transgenerational effects. Several publications have reviewed such actions of EDCs in subgroups of species, e.g., fish or rodents. In this review, we take a holistic
approach synthesizing knowledge of the effects of EDCs across vertebrate species, including fish, anurans, birds, and mammals, and discuss the potential mechanism(s) mediating such multi- and transgenerational effects...

# Development of an exposure protocol for toxicity test (FEET) for a marine species: the European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax)

**Authors:** Soloperto S, Aroua S, Jozet-Alves C, Minier C et al.

**Source:** ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH Early access: 100867, 2021, DOI 10.1007/s11356-021-16785-z

**Abstract:** Regulatory assessment of the effects of chemicals requires the availability of validated tests representing different environments and organisms. In this context, developing new tests is particularly needed for marine species from temperate environments. It is also important to evaluate effects that are generally poorly characterized and seldom included in regulatory tests. In this study, we designed an exposure protocol using European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) larvae. We examined classical toxicological values (LCx) as well as behavioral responses...

# Miniaturization of an extraction protocol for the monitoring of pesticides and polar transformation products in biotic matrices

**Authors:** Dufour V, Wiest L, Slaby S, Le Cor F et al.

**Source:** CHEMOSPHERE 284: 131292, 2021, DOI 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.131292

**Abstract:** Monitoring pesticides in the environment requires the use of sensitive analytical methods. However, existing methods are generally not suitable for analyzing small organisms, as they require large matrix masses. This study explores the development of a

miniaturized extraction protocol for the monitoring of small organisms, based on only 30 mg of matrix. The miniaturized sample preparation was developed using fish and macroinvertebrate matrices. It allowed the characterization of 41 pesticides and transformation products (log P from-1.9 to 4.8) in small samples with LC-MS/MS, based on European guidelines (European Commission DG-SANTE, 2019)...

# Deciphering Differential Life Stage Radioinduced Reproductive Decline in *Caenorhabditis elegans* through Lipid Analysis

**Authors:** Dufourcq-Sekatcheff E, Cuine S, Li-Beisson Y, Quevarec L et al.

**Source:** INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES 22(19): 10277, 2021, DOI 10.3390/ijms221910277

**Abstract:** Wildlife is chronically exposed to various sources of ionizing radiations, both environmental or anthropic, due to nuclear energy use, which can induce several defects in organisms. In invertebrates, reproduction, which directly impacts population dynamics, has been found to be the most radiosensitive endpoint. Understanding the underlying molecular pathways inducing this reproduction decrease can help in predicting the effects at larger scales (i.e., population). In this study, we used a life stage dependent approach in order to better understand the molecular determinants of reproduction decrease in the roundworm *C. elegans*...

# The combination of chemical, structural, and functional indicators to evaluate the anthropogenic impacts on agricultural stream ecosystems

**Authors:** Jabiol J, Chauvet E, Guerold F, Bouquerel J et al.
Source: ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH Early Access, 2021, DOI 10.1007/s11356-021-16925-5

**Abstract:** Freshwater contamination by pesticides in agricultural landscapes is of increasing concern worldwide, with strong pesticide impacts on biodiversity, ecosystem functions, and ultimately human health (drinking water, fishing). In addition, the excessively large number of substances, as well as their low - and temporally variable - concentrations in water, make the chemical monitoring by grab sampling very demanding and not fully representative of the actual contamination. Tools that integrate temporal variations and that are ecologically relevant are clearly needed to improve the monitoring of freshwater contamination and assess its biological effects. Here, we studied pesticide contamination and its biological impacts in 10 stream sections (sites) belonging to 3 agricultural catchments in France...

## Short- and long-term impacts of anaerobic digestate spreading on earthworms in cropped soils

**Authors:** Moinard V, Redondi C, Etievant V, Savoie A et al.

Source: APPLIED SOIL ECOLOGY 168: 104149, 2021, DOI 10.1016/j.apsoil.2021.104149

**Abstract:** Anaerobic digestion is increasingly used in Europe to treat organic substrates and produce biogas as a renewable energy source. The residual matter (digestate) is used in agriculture as an organic fertilizer. The study aims at assessing the impact of digestate application in the field on earthworms from the short term (few hours) to the long term (two years), and at investigating under laboratory conditions the role of ammonia and earthworm behavior on digestate toxicity in the short term. First, we studied earthworm communities in fields fertilized with digestates, cattle effluents, or chemical fertilizers for two years...

## Experimental evolution supports the potential of neonicotinoid-pyrethroid

## combination for managing insecticide resistance in malaria vectors

**Authors:** Zoh MG, Bonneville JM, Tutagata J, Laporte F et al.

Source: SCIENTIFIC REPORTS 11(1): 19501, 2021, DOI 10.1038/s41598-021-99061-x

**Abstract:** The introduction of neonicotinoids for managing insecticide resistance in mosquitoes is of high interest as they interact with a biochemical target not previously used in public health. In this concern, Bayer developed a combination of the neonicotinoid clothianidin and the pyrethroid deltamethrin (brand name Fludora Fusion) as a new vector control tool. Although this combination proved to be efficient against pyrethroid-resistant mosquitoes, its ability to prevent the selection of pyrethroid and neonicotinoid resistance alleles was not investigated. In this context, the objective of this work was to study the dynamics and the molecular mechanisms of resistance of An. gambiae to the separated or combined components of this combination...

## Toxic effects of a mixture of five pharmaceutical drugs assessed using *Fontinalis antipyretica* Hedw.

**Authors:** Alaoui KS, Tychon B, Joachim S, Geffard A et al.

Source: ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 225: 112727, 2021, DOI 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112727

**Abstract:** The potential health risks associated with the pharmaceuticals released into the environment through effluents from sewage treatment plants have become a major cause for concern. Owing to the lack of effective indicators, monitoring the concentration of these pollutants in the aquatic environment is challenging. The aim of this study was to assess the toxicity of a mixture of five pharmaceutical drugs (paracetamol, carbamazepine, diclofenac, irbesartan, and naproxen) using the aquatic moss *Fontinalis antipyretica* as a bioindicator and bioaccumulator. We examined the effects of the drug mixture on the cellular antioxidant system,
chlorophyll content, and morphological traits of *F. antipyretica...*

# Direct photodegradation of 36 organic micropollutants under simulated solar radiation: Comparison with free-water surface constructed wetland and influence of chemical structure

**Authors:** Mathon B, Ferreol M, Coquery M, Choubert JM et al.

**Source:** JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 407: 124801, 2021, DOI 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.124801

**Abstract:** Micropollutants such as pharmaceuticals and pesticides are still found in treated municipal effluent and are discharged into the natural environment. Natural direct photodegradation may be one pathway for removing these micropollutants in treatment processes such as free-water surface constructed wetlands (CW). This work was set out to evaluate the half-life (t(1/2)) of direct photodegradation of 36 micropollutants under controlled conditions of light exposure close to solar radiation. The results allowed to classify the micropollutants into three groups (fast, medium and slow)...

# An integrated metabolomics and proteogenomics approach reveals molecular alterations following carbamazepine exposure in the male mussel *Mytilus galloprovincialis*

**Authors:** Dumas T, Courant F, Almunia C, Boccard J et al.

**Source:** CHEMOSPHERE 286(2): 131793, 2022, DOI 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.131793

**Abstract:** Carbamazepine is one of the most abundant pharmaceutical active compounds detected in aquatic systems. Based on laboratory

exposures, carbamazepine has been proven to adversely affect aquatic organisms. However, the underlying molecular events remain poorly understood. This study aims to investigate the molecular mechanisms potentially associated with toxicological effects of carbamazepine on the mussel *Mytilus galloprovincialis* exposed for 3 days at realistic concentrations encountered in coastal environments (80 ng/L and 8 µg/L). An integrated metabolomics and proteogenomics approach, including data fusion strategy, was applied to gain more insight in molecular events and cellular processes triggered by carbamazepine exposure...

# A review of the effects of contamination and temperature in *Solea solea* larvae. Modeling perspectives in the context of climate change

**Authors:** Sardi, AE, Begout ML, Cousin X, Labadie P et al.

**Source:** JOURNAL OF SEA RESEARCH 176: 102101, 2021, DOI 10.1016/j.seares.2021.102101

**Abstract:** The flatfish species *Solea solea* has been the subject of research for supporting their management in fisheries, restocking natural populations, domestication in aquaculture, and ecotoxicology research. Soles undergo a metamorphosis with drastic morphological and physiological changes and settlement, processes that make them potentially more vulnerable to pollutants than other fish. Up to date, efforts made to develop its aquaculture production in Europe have been limited. In the context of climate change (CC), this review aims i) to gather research conducted in *S. solea* larvae that summarizes the effects of increased temperature and contaminant exposures during larval development; and ii) to provide a summarized and synergistic view about its larval development...
# Comparative developmental toxicity of conventional oils and diluted bitumen on early life stages of the rainbow trout (*Oncorhynchus mykiss*)

**Authors:** Di Lombo MS, Weeks-Santos S, Clerandeau C, Triffault-Bouchet G et al.

**Source:** AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY 239: 105937, 2021, DOI 10.1016/j.aquatox.2021.105937

**Abstract:** Petroleum hydrocarbons are widely used and transported, increasing the risks of spills to the environment. Although conventional oils are the most commonly produced, the production of unconventional oils (i.e. diluted bitumen or dilbit) is increasing. In this study, we compared the effects of conventional oils (Arabian Light and Lloydminster) and dilbits (Bluesky and Clearwater) on early life stages of a salmonid. To this end, aqueous fractions (WAF: water accommodated fraction) of these oils were extracted using mountain spring water. Rainbow trout (*Oncorhynchus mykiss*) larvae were exposed to 10 and 50% dilutions of these WAFs from hatching (340 DD; degree days) until yolk sac resorption (541 DD)...

# Biochar Effects on Soil-Plant Properties after Six Month Adaptation in Soil

**Authors:** Mikajlo I, Louvel B, Zahora J, Zalmanova A et al.

**Source:** COMMUNICATIONS IN SOIL SCIENCE AND PLANT ANALYSIS Early Access, 2021, DOI 10.1080/00103624.2021.1984505

**Abstract:** Biochar (BCH) is one of the most promising amendments to improve soil quality and store carbon in soils. Vast majority of the studies utilized freshly produced materials and assess BCH effects immediately after soil amendment. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of biochars aged six months with two soil types on soil physicochemical and biological properties along with plant growth. Soils from a protection zone of water sources and from an agricultural area were mixed with three different types of BCH...

# The toxicity of cadmium-copper mixtures on daphnids and microalgae analyzed using the Biotic Ligand Model

**Authors:** Clement B, Felix V, Bertrand V

**Source:** ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH Early Access, 2021, DOI 10.1007/s11356-021-16516-4

**Abstract:** For the prediction of metal mixture ecotoxicity, the BLM approach is promising since it evaluates the amount of metals accumulated on the biotic ligand on the basis of water chemistry, i.e., species (major cations) competing with metals, and related toxicity. Based on previous work by Farley et al. (2015) (MMME research project), this study aimed at modeling toxicity of Cd:Cu mixtures (0:1 - 1:1 - 1:0 - 1:2 - 1:3 - 2:1 - 3:1 - 4:1 - 5:1 - 6:1) to the crustacean Daphnia magna (48-h immobilization tests) and the microalga *Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata* (72-h growth inhibition tests). The 2012 version of the USGS model was chosen, assuming additivity of effects and accumulation of metals on a single site...

# Can *Lumbricus terrestris* be released in forest soils degraded by compaction? Preliminary results from laboratory and field experiments

**Authors:** Ducasse V, Darboux F, Auclerc A, Legout A et al.

**Source:** APPLIED SOIL ECOLOGY 168: 104131, 2021, DOI 10.1016/j.apsoil.2021.104131

**Abstract:** Compaction is an important and increasing threat for forest soils. In addition to preventive approaches, remediation solutions are needed. Among them, the release of anecic earthworms is thought to be a promising approach. However, most previous attempts in compacted forest soils failed to retrieve the introduced earthworms. To gain more insight on the feasibility of releasing *Lumbricus terrestris* adults, we performed both a laboratory and a field study. Under laboratory conditions, the L.
terrestris behavior was assessed in repacked soil cores with increasing soil bulk density (1.3, 1.4, 1.5 and 1.6 g cm(-3) for a silt-loam soil)...

## Editorial: Invertebrate UDP-Glycosyltransferases: Nomenclature, Diversity and Functions

**Authors:** Ahn SJ, Chertemps T, Maibech M, Marygold SJ et al.

**Source:** FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY 12: 748290, 2021, DOI 10.3389/fphys.2021.748290

**Edito:** Glycoside conjugation is one of the important mechanisms in xenobiotic detoxification in living organisms (Smith, 1955). It increases water solubility making the compounds more easily excretable, thereby protecting the cellular system from damage by toxic compounds, well-known as an important component of Phase II detoxification in human (Meech et al., 2019). Plants can conjugate growth hormones, pigments, and secondary metabolites, maintaining homeostasis in their growth and physiological functions (Bowles et al., 2006). Macrolide antibiotics such as vancomycin are synthesized through glycoside conjugation in some bacteria (Quirós et al., 2000). However, little is known about the glycoside conjugation in invertebrates, a highly diverse group of animals. Recent work on chemo-ecological interactions among different living organisms and environments, such as arthropod-plant interactions, chemical arms-races, and pesticide resistance, have revisited the significance of glycoside conjugation fromecological roles tomolecular functions (Heckel, 2018)...

## Increasing the power of interpretation for soil metaproteomics data

**Authors:** Jouffret V, Miotello G, Culotta K, Ayrault S et al.

**Source:** MICROBIOME 9(1): 195, 2021, DOI 10.1186/s40168-021-01139-1

**Abstract:** Background: Soil and sediment microorganisms are highly phylogenetically diverse but are currently largely under-

represented in public molecular databases. Their functional characterization by means of metaproteomics is usually performed using metagenomic sequences acquired for the same sample. However, such hugely diverse metagenomic datasets are difficult to assemble; in parallel, theoretical proteomes from isolates available in generic databases are of high quality. Both these factors advocate for the use of theoretical proteomes in metaproteomics interpretation pipelines. Here, we examined a number of database construction strategies with a view to increasing the outputs of metaproteomics studies performed on soil samples...

## The science behind the ban: the outstanding impact of ecotoxicological research on the regulation of neonicotinoids

**Author:** Demortain D

**Source:** CURRENT OPINION IN INSECT SCIENCE 46(78-82): 117530, 2021, DOI 10.1016/j.cois.2021.02.017

**Abstract:** The restrictions and bans imposed on insecticides of the neonicotinoid family in Europe were legitimized by emerging knowledge about their impact on the health of bee populations. That such knowledge was articulated and acted upon in the regulatory space is puzzling, given the standard forms of regulatory science, and the ways in which scientific knowledge is used in this very space. This short article reviews research in social science about regulation and regulatory knowledge, to help understand how research on bee decline opened the possibility of wide regulatory restrictions on neonicotinoids...

## Water table fluctuations affect dichloromethane biodegradation in lab-scale aquifers contaminated with organohalides

**Authors:** Prieto-Espinoza M, Weill, S, Belfort B, Muller EEL, Masbou J et al.
**Source:** WATER RESEARCH 203: 117530, 2021, DOI
[10.1016/j.watres.2021.117530](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2021.117530)

**Abstract:** Dichloromethane (DCM) is a toxic industrial solvent frequently detected in multi-contaminated aquifers. It can be degraded biotically or abiotically, and under oxic or anoxic conditions. The extent and pathways of DCM degradation in aquifers may thus depend on water table fluctuations and microbial responses to hydrochemical variations. Here, we examined the effect of water table fluctuations on DCM biodegradation in two laboratory aquifers fed with O-2-depleted DCM-spiked groundwater from a well-characterized former industrial site. Hydrochemistry, stable isotopes of DCM (delta C-13 and delta Cl-37), and bacterial community composition were examined to determine DCM mass removal and degradation pathways under steady-state (static water table) and transient (fluctuating water table) conditions...

## Combined influences of transgenerational effects, temperature and insecticide on the moth *Spodoptera littoralis*

**Authors:** Massot M, Bagni T, Maria A, Couzi P, Drozdz T et al.

**Source:** ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION 289: 117889, 2021, DOI [10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117889](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117889)

**Abstract:** Climate warming is expected to impact the response of species to insecticides. Recent studies show that this interaction between insecticides and temperature can depend on other factors. Here, we tested for the influence of transgenerational effects on the Insecticide x Temperature interaction in the crop pest moth *Spodoptera littoralis*. Specifically, we analysed reaction norms among experimental clutches based on a split-plot design crossing the factors temperature, insecticide and clutch. The study was performed on 2280 larvae reared at four temperatures (23, 25, 27 and 29 degrees C), and their response to the insecticide deltamethrin (three concentrations and a control group) was tested...

## Glyphosate-degrading behavior of five bacterial strains isolated from stream biofilms

**Authors:** Rossi F, Carles L, Donnadieu F Batisson I et al.

**Source:** JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 420: 126651, 2021, DOI [10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.126651](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.126651)

**Abstract:** The present study investigates the individual degrading behavior of bacterial strains isolated from glyphosatedegrading stream biofilms. In this aim, biofilms were subjected to enrichment experiments using glyphosate or its metabolite AMPA (aminomethyl phosphonic acid) as the sole phosphorus source. Five bacterial strains were isolated and taxonomically affiliated to Ensifer sp. CNII15, Acidovorax sp. CNI26, Agrobacterium tumefaciens CNI28, Novosphingobium sp. CNI35 and Ochrobactrum pituitosum CNI52. All strains were capable of completely dissipating glyphosate after 125-400 h and AMPA after 30-120 h, except for Ensifer sp. CNII15 that was not able to dissipate glyphosate but entirely dissipated AMPA after 200 h...

## Effects of metals and persistent organic pollutants on the fitness and health of juveniles of the endangered european sturgeon *Acipenser sturio* Exposed to W1ater and sediments of the Garonne and Dordogne rivers

**Authors:** Lucas J, Lefrancois C, Gesset C, Budzinski H et al ;

**Source:** ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 225: 112720, 2021, DOI [10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112720](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112720)

**Abstract:** The last remaining population of European sturgeon (*Acipenser sturio*) lives in the Gironde-Garonne-Dordogne (France) catchment (GGD). Captive young individuals are released into the GGD hydrosystem each year, as part of a restocking programme. This study aims to assess
the health status of juveniles A. sturio to current conditions in the GGD hydrosystem, to evaluate their capacity to survive and grow in a moderately anthropized ecosystems. 3-month-old farmed sturgeons were exposed for one month in experimental conditions that mimic the environmental conditions in the Garonne and Dordogne rivers, followed by five months of depuration...

## Conflicts of interest and improvement through peer review: the case of IPBES report on pollinators

Author: Arnold G

Source: CURRENT OPINION IN INSECT SCIENCE 46(57-63): 103698, 2021, DOI 10.1016/j.cois.2021.02.011

**Abstract:** To understand the real causes of disorders and abnormal mortalities of bees (honeybees and wild bees) in the world, the scientific method requires that each category of potential stressors be analyzed in a balanced manner. In this article, I show that the first version of the section dealing with the evaluation of the toxic effects of pesticides on bees, in the IPBES assessment report on pollinators and pollination, revealed an incomplete and biased literature review in many places, especially downplaying the risks that pesticides in general, and neonicotinoids in particular, pose for pollinating insects...

## Characterization and quantification of chlordecone elimination in ewes

Authors: Saint-Hilaire M, Fourcot A, Bousquet-Melou A, Rychen G et al.

Source: ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 87: 103698, 2021, DOI 10.1016/j.etap.2021.103698

**Abstract:** To reduce the exposure of the French West Indies population to the organochlorine insecticide chlordecone (Kepone; CLD), the contamination of currently consumed foodstuffs must be reduced. Depuration of contaminated animals before slaughter could be a strategy to

obtain safe animal products. The aim of this study was to characterize and quantify CLD elimination in contaminated ewes during depuration process. Experiments A and B consisted in a single intravenous (i.v.) administration of CLD (n = 5) and CLDOH (chlordecol; n = 3) followed by a 84-d and 3-d depuration period respectively with collection of blood, faeces and urine samples...

## Quantification of multi-scale links of anthropogenic pressures with PAH and PCB bioavailable contamination in French freshwaters

Authors: Sarkis N, Meymy C, Geffard O, Souchon Y et al.

Source: WATER RESEARCH 203: 117546, 2021, DOI 10.1016/j.watres.2021.117546

**Abstract:** Aquatic ecosystems are exposed to multiple environmental pressures including chemical contamination. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are persistent organic pollutants (POPs) known as preoccupying substances for the environment. Active biomonitoring (ABM) is a surveillance method for polluted aquatic ecosystems measuring bioavailable contamination. In this work, the aim was to quantify the total links between environmental pressures and bioavailable contamination (for PAHs and PCBs) at the French national scale...

## Subchronic Exposure to Environmental Concentrations of Chlorpyrifos Affects Swimming Activity of Rainbow Trout Larvae

Authors: Santos SW, Gonzalez P, Cormier B, Mazzella N et al.

Source: ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 867, 2021, DOI 10.1002/etc.5183

**Abstract:** Chlorpyrifos (CPF), an organophosphorous pesticide, can be found in
aquatic ecosystems at concentrations of up to
several hundred nanograms per liter because of
water runoff from treated crops. While some
studies have shown that low concentrations of CPF
may have adverse effects on aquatic species,
comparatively little is known about its effect on
fish embryos and larvae. To investigate the
developmental effects of CPF, rainbow trout
(Oncorhynchus mykiss) eyed-stage embryos were
exposed in semistatic conditions to 0.3 and 3 mu
g/L of CPF up to the end of the sac-fry stage, 3
weeks, at 12 degrees C. Several endpoints were
analyzed including survival, hatching delay,
hatching success, biometry, swimming activity,
DNA damage, lipid peroxidation, protein carbonyl
content, acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity, and
gene expression...

Discovery and
characterization of UipA, a
uranium- and iron-binding
PepSY protein involved in
uranium tolerance by soil
bacteria

Authors: Gallois N, Alpha-Bazin B, Bremond N, Ortet P et al.

Source: ISME JOURNAL 867, 2021, DOI 10.1038/s41396-021-01113-7

**Abstract:** Uranium is a naturally occurring radionuclide. Its redistribution, primarily due to human activities, can have adverse effects on human and non-human biota, which poses environmental concerns. The molecular mechanisms of uranium tolerance and the cellular response induced by uranium exposure in bacteria are not yet fully understood. Here, we carried out a comparative analysis of four actinobacterial strains isolated from metal and radionuclide-rich soils that display contrasted uranium tolerance phenotypes...

Fluorescence
excitation/emission matrices
as a tool to monitor the
removal of organic
micropollutants from

wastewater effluents by
adsorption onto activated
carbon

Authors: Guillossou R, Le Roux J, Goffin A, Mailler R et al.

Source: WATER RESEARCH 190: 116749, 2021, DOI 10.1016/j.watres.2020.116749

**Abstract:** Monitoring the removal of organic micropollutants (OMPs) in advanced wastewater treatment facilities requires expensive and time-consuming analytical methods that cannot be installed online. Spectroscopic techniques such as fluorescence excitation/emission spectroscopy were demonstrated to offer the potential for monitoring OMPs removal in conventional wastewater treatment plants or ozonation pilots but their application to activated carbon (AC) adsorption processes was only investigated at lab scale and not in real treatment facilities. In this study, indexes from fluorescence emission/excitation matrices (EEMs) were used to find correlations with the removal of 28 OMPs from a large-scale AC pilot in fluidized bed employed for wastewater advanced treatment, as well as from batch experiments...

Do DOM optical parameters
improve the prediction of
copper availability in
vineyard soils?

Authors: Ouedraogo F, Cornu JY, Janot N, Nguyen C et al.

Source: ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH Early Access, 2021, DOI 10.1007/s11356-021-16361-5

**Abstract:** Accumulation of copper (Cu) in soils due to the application of fungicides may be toxic for organisms and hence affect winegrowing sustainability. Soil parameters such as pH and dissolved organic matter (DOM) are known to affect the availability of Cu. In this study, we investigated the contribution of chromophoric and fluorescent DOM properties to the prediction of Cu availability in 18 organic vineyard soils in the Bordeaux winegrowing area (France). The DOM parameters, assessed through absorbance and fluorescence analyses, and proxies for Cu
availability (total soluble Cu and free ionic Cu2+) were measured in 0.01 M KCl extracts...

## Abundance of insects and aerial insectivorous birds in relation to pesticide and fertilizer use

**Authors:** Møller A.P., Czeszczewik D., Flensted-Jensen E., Erritzoe J. et al...

**Source:** Avian Res 12: 43, 2021, DOI: 10.1186/s40657-021-00278-1

**Abstract:** Background The abundance of insects has decreased considerably during recent decades, resulting in current abundance showing 70-80% reductions in more than 15 studies across temperate climate zones. Dramatic reductions in the abundance of insects are likely to have consequences for other taxa at higher trophic levels such as predators and parasites. Pesticides, fertilizers and agricultural land use are likely candidates accounting for such reductions in the abundance of insects...

## Polyethylene microplastic toxicity to the terrestrial snail *Cantareus aspersus*: size matters

**Authors:** Colpaert R, Grezeriat, LPD, Louzon M, de Vaufleury A et al...

**Source:** ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH Early Access, 2021, DOI 10.1007/s11356-021-15824-z

**Abstract:** Plastic has become the most widespread human-made material and small fragments (< 5mm, so called microplastics, MPs) accumulate in all the ecosystems. It is now admitted that the terrestrial environment represents an important sink for MPs and it has only recently become the focus of research, notably in ecotoxicology. In spite of a growing body of evidence regarding the potential effects of MPs on soil biota, more efforts are needed to address issues in this field. The aim of our study was to measure, at different levels of biological organization, the responses of *Cantareus aspersus*

snail to low-density polyethylene (LDPE) particles dispersed in their food...

## Transgenerational Effects of a Neonicotinoid and a Novel Sulfoximine Insecticide on the Harlequin Ladybird

**Authors:** Dai CC, Ricupero M, Wang ZQ, Desneux N et al...

**Source:** INSECTS 12(8): 681, 2021, DOI 10.3390/insects12080681

**Abstract:** Simple Summary The coccinellid *Harmonia axyridis* is an important natural enemy of various agricultural pests, including aphids. Agrochemicals can negatively affect the performance of arthropod natural enemies and, thus, the ecological services they provide. In this context, we assessed the lethal and sublethal effects of two neuroactive compounds with different chemical structures: the long-established neonicotinoid insecticide, imidacloprid, and the novel, sulfoximine insecticide, sulfoxaflor, both of which act on nicotinic acetylcholine receptors against adult and developmental stages of *H. axyridis*...

## Environmentally Relevant Mixture of Pesticides Affect Mobility and DNA Integrity of Early Life Stages of Rainbow Trout (*Oncorhynchus mykiss*)

**Authors:** Santos SW, Cachot J, Cormier B, Mazzella N et al...

**Source:** TOXICS 9(8):174, 2021, DOI 10.3390/toxics9080174

**Abstract:** The aim of this study was to analyze the impact of three concentrations of a pesticide mixture on the first development stages of rainbow trout (*Oncorhynchus mykiss*). The mixture was made up of three commonly used pesticides in viticulture: glyphosate (GLY), chlorpyrifos (CPF) and copper sulfate (Cu). Eyed stage embryos were exposed for 3 weeks to three concentrations of the pesticide mixture. Lethal and sub-lethal effects were assessed through a number of phenotypic and molecular endpoints
including survival, hatching delay, hatching success, biometry, swimming activity, DNA damage (Comet assay), lipid peroxidation (TBARS), protein carbonyl content and gene expression...

## Photodegradation of methotrexate in aqueous solution: degradation kinetics and identification of transformation products

**Authors:** Espinosa A, Nelieu S, Lieben P, Skarbek C et al...

**Source:** ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH Early Access, 2021, DOI 10.1007/s11356-021-15820-3

**Abstract:** Methotrexate is an antineoplastic folate analog of high environmental concern, due to its low biodegradability and toxicological properties. This study focused on its photodegradation under two irradiation conditions, aiming to be representative of environment (300-450 nm) and drinking water treatment (254 nm). The photodegradation experiments were conducted at two pH, to vary the methotrexate ionization state and to produce a large variety of transformation products (TPs)...

## Seasonal diet-based resistance to anticoagulant rodenticides in the fossorial water vole (Arvicola amphibius)

**Authors:** Khalil RA, Barbier B, Fafournoux A, Mahamat AB et al...

**Source:** ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 200:111422, 2021, DOI 10.1016/j.envres.2021.111422

**Abstract:** Anticoagulant rodenticides (AR) resistance has been defined as "a major loss of efficacy due to the presence of a strain of rodent with a heritable and commensurately reduced sensitivity to the anticoagulant". The mechanism that supports this resistance has been identified as based on mutations in the Vkorc1 gene leading to severe resistance in rats and mice. This study

evaluates the validity of this definition in the fossorial water vole and explores the possibility of a non-genetic diet-based resistance in a strict herbivorous rodent species...

## Phytomanagement of Metal(loid)-Contaminated Soils: Options, Efficiency and Value

**Authors:** Moreira H, Pereira SIA, Mench M, Garbisu C et al...

**Source:** FRONTIERS IN ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE 9:661423, 2021, DOI 10.3389/fenvs.2021.661423

**Abstract:** The growing loss of soil functionality due to contamination by metal(loid)s, alone or in combination with organic pollutants, is a global environmental issue that entails major risks to ecosystems and human health. Consequently, the management and restructuring of large metal(loid)-polluted areas through sustainable nature-based solutions is currently a priority in research programs and legislation worldwide. Over the last few years, phytomanagement has emerged as a promising phytotechnology, focused on the use of plants and associated microorganisms, together with ad hoc site management practices, for an economically viable and ecologically sustainable recovery of contaminated sites...

## Assessment of heavy metal pollution transfer and human exposure risks from the consumption of chicken grown in mining-surrounding areas

**Authors:** Elkribi-Boukhris S, M'hamdi N, Boughattas I, Helaoui S et al...

**Source:** ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH Early access, 2021, DOI 10.1007/s11356-021-15995-9

**Abstract:** The purpose of this study was to assess heavy metal contamination in soil, plants, earthworms, and chicken in farmlands adjacent to an old mining site and to evaluate the potential
exposure risks to humans through the
consumption of chicken. For this purpose, soil,
earthworms, plant, chickens, and eggs were
sampled from 5 sites following a gradient of
contamination. All samples were analyzed for
heavy metals (Pb, Cd, Cu, and Zn). A food chain
model was used in order to characterize heavy
metal transfer between soil-plant-earthworm and
chicken organs. Furthermore, target hazard
quotient (THQ), estimated daily intake (EDI), and
hazard index (HI) were employed to assess human
health risks posed by heavy metal contamination...

Comment on 'Ecotoxicity of
copper input and
accumulation for soil
biodiversity in vineyards' by
Karimi et al. (2021)

Authors: Imfeld G, Duplay J, Payraveau S

Source: ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMISTRY LETTERS
Early access, 2021, DOI 10.1007/s10311-021-01259-y

Lethal and sublethal effects
of diluted bitumen and
conventional oil on fathead
minnow (Pimephales
promelas) larvae exposed
during their early
development

Authors: Berube R, Gauthier C, Bourdin T, Bouffard M et al...

Source: AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY 237:105884, 2021, DOI 10.1016/j.aquatox.2021.105884

**Abstract:** The increasing extraction of bitumen from the oil sands region in Canada is creating a need for transport. Spills from current and projected pipelines represent a significant environmental risk, especially for freshwater ecosystems. The toxicity of diluted bitumen (dilbit) on freshwater fish is largely unknown. This study assessed the toxicity of two dilbits (Clearwater McMurray and Bluesky) and compared their toxicity to a conventional oil (Lloydminster

Heavy) on fathead minnow (Pimephales promelas) larvae. Larvae were exposed to various concentrations of the water-accommodated fraction (WAF) of the oils during 7 days from hatching...

Early life neonicotinoid
exposure results in proximal
benefits and ultimate
carryover effects

Authors: Zgirski T, Legagneux P, Chastel O, Regimbald L et al...

Source: SCIENTIFIC REPORTS 11(1):15252, 2021, DOI 10.1038/s41598-021-93894-2

**Abstract:** Neonicotinoids are insecticides widely used as seed treatments that appear to have multiple negative effects on birds at a diversity of biological scales. Adult birds exposed to a low dose of imidacloprid, one of the most commonly used neonicotinoids, presented reduced fat stores, delayed migration and potentially altered orientation. However, little is known on the effect of imidacloprid on birds growth rate despite studies that have documented disruptive effects of low imidacloprid doses on thyroid gland communication. We performed a 2x2 factorial design experiment in Zebra finches, in which nestling birds were exposed to a very low dose (0.205 mg kg body mass-1) of imidacloprid combined with food restriction during posthatch development...

One and multi-compartments
toxico-kinetic modeling to
understand metals'
organotropism and fate in
Gammarus fossarum

Authors: Gestin O, Lacoue-Labarthe T, Coquery M, Delorme N et al...

Source: ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL
156:106625, 2021, DOI 10.1016/j.envint.2021.106625

**Abstract:** The use of freshwater invertebrates for biomonitoring has been increasing for several decades, but little is known about relations between external exposure concentration of
metals and their biodistribution among different tissues. One and multi-compartments toxicokinetic (TK) models are powerful tools to formalize and predict how a contaminant is bioaccumulated. The aim of this study is to develop modeling approaches to improve knowledge on dynamic of accumulation and fate of Cd and Hg in gammarid's organs. Gammarids were exposed to dissolved metals (11.1 +/- 1.2 mg.L-1 of Cd or 0.27 +/- 0.13 µg.L-1 of Hg) before a depuration phase...

## Development in the European flounder (Platichthys flesus) of a q-PCR assay for the measurement of telomere length, a potential biomarker of pollutant effects for biomonitoring studies

**Authors:** Akcha F, Cahuc C, Rouxel J, Munschy C et al...

**Source:** MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN
170:112610, 2021, DOI
10.1016/j.marpolbul.2021.112610

**Abstract:** Telomeres protect the coding sequence of chromosome ends and Telomere Length (TL) has been proposed as a biomarker of cellular aging, cumulative stress exposure and life-span in humans. With the aim to propose new biomarkers, a q-PCR protocol was adapted for the measurement of TL in the European flounder Platichthys flesus. The protocol was then applied in 2-year-old flounders from the Seine Estuary...

## *In vitro* study to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of various multifunctional cosmetic ingredients and chlorphenesin on bacterial species at risk in the cosmetic industry

**Authors:** Younenou B, Chauviat A, Ngari C, Poulet V et al...

**Source:** JOURNAL OF APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY
Early Access, 2021, DOI 10.1111/jam.15245

**Abstract:** Aims We evaluated the activity of the preservative chlorphenesin and of four antimicrobial cosmetic multifunctional ingredients against various strains of gram-negative and gram-positive human opportunistic pathogens. Methods and Results Growth kinetics, modelling growth parameters and statistical analyses enabled comparing bacterial behaviour in the presence and in the absence of the compound. Whatever compound tested (i.e. chlorphenesin, phenylpropanol, hexanediol, ethylhexylglycerin, hydroxyacetophenone) and strain origin (i.e. clinical versus industrial), the growth of 42 strains belonging to Acinetobacter spp., *Burkholderia cepacia* complex and *Stenotrophomonas maltophilia*, was totally inhibited...

## Profiling metal contamination from ultramafic sediments to biota along the Albanian shoreline of Lake Ohrid (Albania/Macedonia)

**Authors:** Minguez L, Gross EM, Vignati DAL, Freire AR et al...

**Source:** JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 291:112726, 2021, DOI
10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.112726

**Abstract:** Ultramafic sediments exhibit high levels of geogenically-derived and potentially toxic metals, with Ni, Cr and Co often exceeding benchmark values. As yet, a holistic understanding of the bioavailability, mobility, potential ecotoxicity and trophic transfer of trace elements in both benthic and pelagic food chains in aquatic ultramafic environments (UME) is lacking. We investigated potential environmental health issues due to metal contamination by jointly implementing chemical, ecological and toxicological tools, along the Albanian shoreline of Lake Ohrid. It is an aquatic system of worldwide importance, representative of temperate UME with a legacy of Ni and Cr contamination from mining activities. Levels of Ni, Cr, Cd, Cu, Co, Fe, Mn and Zn were determined in waters, sediments and native biota...
# Subcellular Distribution of Dietary Methyl-Mercury in *Gammarus fossarum* and Its Impact on the Amphipod Proteome

**Authors:** Cosio C, Degli-Esposti D, Almunia C, Gaillet V, Sartelet H et al...

**Source:** ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 55(15):10514-10523, 2021, DOI 10.1021/acs.est.1c02385

**Abstract:** The transfer of methyl-Hg (MeHg) from food is central for its effects in aquatic animals, but we still lack knowledge concerning its impact on invertebrate primary consumers. In aquatic environments, cell walls of plants are particularly recalcitrant to degradation and as such remain available as a food source for long periods. Here, the impact at the proteomic level of dietary MeHg in *Gammarus fossarum* was established and linked to subcellular distribution of Hg. Individuals of G. fossarum were fed with MeHg in cell wall or intracellular compartments of *Elodea nuttallii*...

## OUVRAGES / RAPPORTS / ACTES DE CONGRES

# Polluants chimiques dans les milieux aquatiques : l'Ineris et l'OFB publient les résultats de la surveillance de nouvelles substances à l'échelle nationale

## INERIS 21/10/21

L'Ineris, en collaboration avec l'Office français de la biodiversité (OFB), publie les résultats de deux exercices de surveillance prospective nationale de contaminants chimiques dans l'eau, réalisés avec le concours des agences de l'eau. Ces exercices concernent des substances surveillées réglementairement et des substances d'intérêt émergent. [...]

Rapports :

https://www.ineris.fr/fr/substances-pertinentes-surveiller-spas

https://www.ineris.fr/fr/campagne-emergents-nationaux-2018-emnat-2018-resultats-recherche-contaminants-emergents-eaux

Accès au document

## Organic Pollutants: Toxicity and Solutions

<figure><img src="image_6.png" /></figure>

Springer: This volume describes the identification of emerging organic pollutants, mainly from industrial sources, their associated toxicological threats, and the latest green methods and biotechnological solutions to abate harmful impacts on people and the environment. The chapters present reviews on current applied toxicology research, occupational health hazards and green remedial solutions for pollution control in terrestrial and aquatic environments, with the aim of raising public awareness of these issues and providing chemists, toxicologists and environmental scientists with the knowledge to combat organic pollutants through sustainable means. [...]

https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-72441-2

Accès au document
## Sustainable Agriculture

<figure><img src="image_7.png" /></figure>

Springer: This book discusses a number of recent technological and methodological progressions in achieving sustainable agriculture. [...] The key topics addressed include the increasing role of biofertilizers in sustainable agriculture, green synthesized nanoparticles for higher crop production rates, eco-friendly plant-based pesticides as alternatives to synthetic/chemical pesticides, use of genomics for improved plant breeding practices, and the use of biochar to increase the water-holding capacity in soil. The book concludes with an overview of satellite-based soil erosion practices to monitor and control the harmful impacts of land degradation, and a discussion of long-term strategies to reduce crop losses due to pest and insecticide damage.

https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-83066-3

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## Étude d'exposition aux pesticides chez les riverains de zones viticoles et non viticoles. Bilan de l'étude pilote

<figure><img src="image_8.png" /></figure>

Santé publique France 18/10/21

Santé publique France et l'Anses réalisent l'étude PestiRiv qui a pour principal objectif de savoir s'il

existe une différence entre l'exposition aux pesticides des personnes vivant près de vignes et de celles vivant loin de toute culture.

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## Pharmaceuticals and endocrine disruptors - transfer from water to land ecosystems

### EC Science for environment policy 14/10/21

[...] New research provides direct evidence of their [Pharmaceuticals and endocrine disruptors] transfer from aquatic to terrestrial ecosystems via the consumption of aquatic insects by terrestrial predators such as spiders, birds and bats. This exposure may have negative impacts on the physiology and population dynamics of predators, suggesting a need for improved risk-assessment guidelines and practices. [...]

Previsic, A., Vilenica, M., Vuckovic, N., Petrovic, M. and Rozman, M. (2021) Aquatic Insects Transfer Pharmaceuticals and Endocrine Disruptors from Aquatic to Terrestrial Ecosystems. Environmental Science & Technology, 55: 3736-3746.

https://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.0c07609?ref=pdf

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## Une BD pour informer sur les perturbateurs endocriniens

### Notre-environnement.gouv 06/10/21

L'Inrae (Institut national de recherche pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement) publie une bande dessinée, dans le cadre du programme de recherche INDICA, pour alerter le grand public sur les dangers des perturbateurs endocriniens. [...]

Au travers d'interviews d'un agriculteur, d'un médecin et d'un chercheur, les jeunes reporters nous font découvrir les actions menées pour mieux comprendre les perturbateurs endocriniens et relaient des conseils pratiques pour limiter notre exposition à ces produits. [...]

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## Toxicology of Organophosphate Poisoning

<figure><img src="image_9.png" /></figure>

Springer: This book addresses the consequences of high agricultural pesticide use over the last few decades in the form of organophosphate poisoning. The authors provide a background overview of organophosphate compounds, their environmental toxicity, non-target exposures and cases of human poisoning. The authors also compile and analyze data from the last two decades to demonstrate the toxicological aspects of organophosphates, and how they can pose a threat to human health. Readers will learn about the clinical manifestation of organophosphate exposure in humans, as well as the enzymatic pathways and mechanisms by which organophosphates are processed in the body and cause harm. The book concludes by providing techniques, practices and recommendations for how to manage organophosphate exposure and poisoning. [...]

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## Microplastic in the Environment: Pattern and Process

<figure><img src="image_10.png" /></figure>

Springer: This open access book examines global plastic pollution, an issue that has become a critical societal challenge with implications for

environmental and public health. This volume provides a comprehensive, holistic analysis on the plastic cycle and its subsequent effects on biota, food security, and human exposure. Importantly, global environmental change and its associated, systems-level processes, including atmospheric deposition, ecosystem complexity, UV exposure, wind patterns, water stratification, ocean circulation, etc., are all important direct and indirect factors governing the fate, transport and biotic and abiotic processing of plastic particles across ecosystem types. [...]

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## Pesticides, Organic Contaminants, and Pathogens in Air: Chemodynamics, Health Effects, Sampling, and Analysis

<figure><img src="image_11.png" /></figure>

1st Edition, CRC Press,

Published October 8, 2021, 260 p., 73 B/W Illustrations, ISBN 9780367485672

CRC Press 08/10/21

- Assesses exposures of people and wildlife to airborne chemicals

- Includes case study applications, with relevant data summarized for pesticides and contaminants in air

- Discusses approaches to modeling pesticides' and contaminants' dispersion and fate in air

- Includes an assessment of the physicochemical properties of pesticides and contaminants that influence sampling and atmospheric mobility and fate

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# Projet #MacroPLAST

GIP Seine-Aval 24/09/21

Le projet MacroPLAST porte sur l'estimation des flux de macrodéchets, issus du bassin de la Seine et rejetés à la mer. L'étude s'est focalisée sur les macrodéchets plastiques aussi appelés « macroplastiques », du fait de la forte proportion de plastique parmi les macrodéchets. Cette étude, qui s'est déroulée d'octobre 2017 à septembre 2019, a été commandée par le Ministère de la Transition Ecologique et Solidaire (MTES) et s'inscrit dans le cadre de la mise en oeuvre de la Directive Cadre de Surveillance du Milieu Marin. [...]

Télécharger le rapport et les annexes

Tramoy R., Gasperi J., Tassin B., Rognrard F., 2019. Projet MACROPLAST : Estimation des flux de macrodéchets sur le bassin de la Seine. Projet financé par le Ministère de la Transition Ecologique et Solidaire, 96p.

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# Regulatory Governance in the Pesticide Sector in Mexico

<figure><img src="image_12.png" /></figure>

OECD ILibrary 24/09/21

[...] This report identifies the gaps, barriers, implementation flaws and inefficiencies that affect the regulatory framework of pesticides in Mexico. It takes stock of the regulatory framework and recent reforms, and identifies both the areas that pose the greatest challenge for the effective regulation of pesticides and those where regulation - or lack of it - in pesticides most affects policy objectives and economic activity. These challenges and practices are assessed in view of OECD principles and country experiences, and recommendations are provided to support better regulation efforts. The report finds that Mexico would benefit from adopting a comprehensive, mutually-agreed policy strategy

for pesticides, recognising that pesticide management is a shared responsibility across national and local governments, the pesticide industry, pesticide users, as well as the general public.

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# New Frontiers in Environmental Toxicology

<figure><img src="image_13.png" /></figure>

Springer 24/09/21

- Discusses toxic pollutants in the environment and their harmful effects on human health and nature

- Covers features, applications, dispersion routes, nanotoxicity, ecotoxicity and genotoxicity of nanomaterials

- Explores the role of nanoparticles in environmental toxicology

DOI https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-72173-2

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# Environmental Contamination in Antarctica - 1st Edition: a challenge to analytical chemistry

<figure><img src="image_14.png" /></figure>

Edited by S. Caroli P.

Cescon D.W.H.

Walton

Elsevier Science,
19th July 2001, 420

P.,

ISBN:9780080531076

Elsevier 24/09/21
This thought-provoking and ambitious volume surveys the causes and extent of environmental contamination in Antarctica, and looks critically at future prospects. It highlights the key role that modern techniques of analytical chemistry play in achieving reliable empirical data in this field and their impact on shaping legal provisions.

[...] Empirical studies and regulatory issues are evaluated in context with the goal of providing a model approach to more polluted areas of the world.

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# A chemical category-based approach for selecting and screening pfas for toxicity and toxicokinetic testing (presentation)

EPA 23/09/21

This product will report the insights gained from the data generated, as well as from the literature in a manner that more directly supports screening, prioritization and risk assessment. ORD is producing a large data set of PFAS chemicals using a variety of New Approach Methodologies (NAMs) in support of EPA mission to manage and regulate per and polyfluorinated substances (PFAS). This work will provide additional context to complement the data being surfaced in PFAS Dashboard Project 8.1 that can be used by Program Offices in meeting their statutory goals. Further, making the information available in the public domain provides for use by a broader constituency and affords transparency of EPA research.

https://doi.org/10.23645/epacomptox.16619758

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# La santé-environnement : recherche, expertise et décision publiques

Ministère de l'Agriculture 20/09/21

Selon l'OMS, près du quart des décès et des pathologies chroniques dans le monde peuvent être imputés à des facteurs environnementaux.

Ce rapport inter-inspections formule plusieurs recommandations pour renforcer la prise en compte des facteurs environnementaux sur la santé et la confiance en matière de santé-environnement, en agissant sur la recherche, l'expertise et la décision publiques aux niveaux français et européen.

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# Drivers of and pressures arising from selected key water management challenges: a European overview

European Environment Agency 23/09/21

The EEA Report No 9/2021 aims to give a European overview of the main drivers and pressures that are at the core of key water management challenges and which put European water bodies most at risk of not achieving key environmental objectives. Identifying the pressures from and drivers of key water management challenges at the European level can help in prioritising the main issues that should be tackled with measures.

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# REVUE DE PRESSE / ALTERNATIVES / BIOPESTICIDES

# Proliant : première solution de biocontrôle pour un démarrage sécurisé du maïs

Terre-Net 18/10/21

La solution de biocontrôle Proliant vient de recevoir une AMM pour usage sur maïs, « afin d'aider la culture à gagner en vigueur et mieux supporter les stress abiotiques, et ce, dès les stades précoces », présente Philagro.

« Issue de la recherche Valent Biosciences Corporation, filiale de Sumitomo Chemical, actionnaire majoritaire de Philagro, Proliant permet un bon démarrage du maïs, même en
conditions limitantes de sol, ou en cas de stress climatique, notamment durant les épisodes de sécheresse désormais récurrents dans l'Hexagone.
» [...]

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## Essais encourageants pour un futur produit de biocontrôle en céréales

Cultivar 27/08/21

Déjà bien éprouvé sur le marché des cultures spécialisées. Le secteur du bicontrôle ne cache pas ses ambitions : il représente déjà 11 % du CA total du marché de ...

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# REVUE DE PRESSE / ASSOCIATIONS

## NGO group opposes the renewal of two endocrine disrupting pesticides at the PAFF meeting on 21-22 October !

PAN 1510/21

On 21 and 22 October, the national representatives of the PAFF committee are invited to vote on the renewal of two active substances with well-known disruptive properties (Cypermethrin) or highly suspected (Flumioxazin).

Salome Roynel, campaigner at PAN Europe said, “These two substances clearly do not meet the approval criteria to remain on the European market. With these two proposals, DG SANTE is flouting both its legal and political commitments.” [...]

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## Women in agricultural work at increased risk for skin and blood cancers from pesticide exposure

Beyond Pesticides, October 21, 2021

A study published in *Environment International* finds higher rates of various cancers among agricultural workers, with multiple myeloma (blood cancer) and melanoma (skin cancer) disproportionately impacting female farmers. Although research studies link cancer risk to genetic and external factors (e.g., cigarette smoke), there is increasing evidence that pesticide exposure augments the risk of developing common cancers like melanoma and less common cancers like multiple myeloma. [...]

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## EPA to Create Advisory Councils to Restore Scientific Integrity in Pesticide/Chemicals Division

Beyond Pesticides, October 20, 2021

The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) announced last week plans to establish a new position and two advisory councils in order to enhance scientific integrity within the agency's Office of Chemical Safety and Pollution Prevention (OCSPP). The move is being widely seen as a response to *recent reporting* over how EPA has allowed the chemical industry to distort and unduly influence its process for reviewing and approving toxic pesticides and other chemicals. [...]

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## Common insecticide malathion linked to chronic kidney disease

Beyond Pesticides, October 19, 2021

Exposure to the insecticide malathion increases risk of developing chronic kidney disease (CKD),
according to a study recently published in the *International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health*. According to study co-author Nicholas Osborne, PhD, CKD is on the rise in developing countries in Southeast Asia and Central America, and, “[n]early one in 10 people in high income countries show signs of CKD, which is permanent kidney damage and loss of renal function.” Although CKD risk increases with age, and is associated with other health factors like smoking, heart disease, and diabetes, cases without clear cause are increasingly common, indicating the that environmental factors are likely playing a role. [...]

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## Générations futures fantasme sur des études « manquantes »

Agriculture et Environnement 18/10/21

Sitôt l'étude des agences sanitaires de France, des Pays-Bas, de Suède et de Hongrie concernant le glyphosate rendue publique, Générations Futures tente une ridicule mise en cause, estimant que ces agences n'auraient pas pris en considération toutes les bonnes études. [...]

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## Climate pollution from plastics to outpace coal emissions in US by 2030, report finds

EHN 22/10/21

With dozens of new plastics manufacturing and recycling facilities in the works, the U.S. plastics industry will release more greenhouse gas emissions than coal-fired power plants by 2030, say the authors of a new report. [...]

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## Exposed: How big farm lobbies undermine EU's green agriculture plan

### DW 20/10/21

Farmers and lobby groups are split on an EU agricultural reform that may increase farmers' incomes and consumers' prices. A DW joint report reveals a rift between farmers and the groups purporting to represent them. [...]

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## Pacte Vert et Farm to fork La stratégie de l'UE, une trajectoire « réaliste » pour l'agriculture (Iddri)

### Terre-Net 20/10/21

Menée par le Centre commun de recherche de la Commission européenne, l'étude d'impact de la stratégie européenne Farm to Fork, conclut à des baisses de production allant jusqu'à 15%, une augmentation des importations et un renchérissement des coûts de l'alimentation. Cependant, pour l'Iddri, [...] une approche plus systémique « permet au contraire de renforcer la pertinence, la cohérence et le réalisme de la stratégie de la Commission ». [...]

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## L'Europe défend sa stratégie De la ferme à la fourchette

### Agri-Mutuel 19/10/21

Bruxelles défend farouchement sa stratégie pour la sécurité alimentaire qui vise notamment à sabrer l'usage des pesticides, face à l'hostilité de la puissante organisation agricole Copa-Cogeca, qui craint, comme Paris, un effondrement des rendements.

La stratégie « De la ferme à la fourchette », dévoilée en mai 2020 par la Commission européenne, devrait être validée mardi 19 octobre dans ses grandes lignes par les eurodéputés à Strasbourg.

Avec plusieurs objectifs à échéance 2030 : réduire de moitié l'usage de pesticides [...]

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In utero exposure to a
mixture of the perfluoroalkyl
pesticide pyrifluquinazon and
dibutyl phthalate disrupt
male rat reproductive
development in a dose
additive manner.

EPA 21/10/21

Abstract for a Oct FLUOROS Global 2021 Meeting on PFAS to be held at the University of Rhode Island. I presented a poster virtually. We have in vivo/in utero dose effect data on the in utero effects of mixing perfluoro isopropyl pesticide with a phthalate on male reproductive development.

Gray, E. In utero exposure to a mixture of the perfluoroalkyl pesticide pyrifluquinazon and dibutyl phthalate disrupt male rat reproductive development in a dose additive manner. FLUROS Global 2021-Virtual, Providence, Rhode Island, October 03 - 08, 2021.

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Labels alimentaires et signes
de qualité : promesses non
tenues, une révision
s'impose !

Greenpeace 28/09/21

Les signes de qualité, labels et démarches alimentaires sont censés donner aux consommateurs des garanties en termes d'origine des produits, de préservation de l'environnement ou des terroirs, et devraient également être exemplaires au regard des critères de consommation responsable. Néanmoins, deux analyses publiées aujourd'hui et produites par Greenpeace France, le WWF France et le BASIC d'une part et l'UFC-Que Choisir d'autre part montrent de grands écarts entre les promesses et la réalité. [...]

Consultez l'étude Greenpeace / WWF France
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Bt cotton area contraction
drives regional pest
resurgence, crop loss and
pesticide use

Wiley online Library 06/10/21

Genetically-modified crops expressing Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) proteins have been widely cultivated, permitting an effective non-chemical control of major agricultural pests. While their establishment can enable an area-wide suppression of polyphagous herbivores, no information is available on the impact of Bt crop abandonment in entire landscape matrices. Here we detail a resurgence of the cosmopolitan bollworm *Helicoverpa armigera* following a contraction of Bt cotton area in dynamic agro-landscapes over 2007-2019 in North China Plain. [...]

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Glyphosate : 41 ONG
demandent à la Commission
européenne de mettre fin à
l'utilisation d'études
industrielles non fiables

Générations futures 13/10/21

41 organisations de la société civile, dont plusieurs des organisateurs de l'[initiative citoyenne européenne] réussie #StopGlyphosate, exhortent la commissaire européenne à la santé, Stella Kyriakides, à garantir que l'évaluation en cours du glyphosate repose sur des preuves scientifiques indépendantes actualisées et reste exempte d'intérêts particuliers [1] [2]. [...]

Article similaire de HEAL En finir avec le glyphosate en Europe... enfin ! [Pétition de GF] 14/10/21

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# Weeds are now developing resistance to herbicides they've never been exposed to

### Beyond Pesticides, October 13, 2021

Pesticide use in conventional chemical-intensive farming is so pervasive that weeds are developing resistance to herbicides they have never encountered before. According to research published in *Plant and Cell Physiology* and *New Phytologist*, the notoriously difficult-to-control weed waterhemp (Amaranthus tuberculatus) is outpacing commercial crops in its ability to detoxify after herbicide exposure. [...]

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# Ag Secretary Vilsack pushes petroleum farming inputs, fights EU's climate-friendly organic "Food to Fork" Initiative

### Beyond Pesticides, October 8, 2021

Taking a page from the playbook of Trump Administration Secretary of Agriculture Sonny Perdue, the current secretary, Tom Vilsack, used a September G20 summit in Italy to target the European Union's "Farm to Fork" (F2F) strategy, a part of its European Green Deal. Mr. Perdue had said that F2F is "more . . . 'political science' than demonstrated agricultural science"; Secretary Vilsack called it "a path very different from the one the U.S. is pursuing." *The F2F initiative* aims to transition the EU to a sustainable food system such that it also achieves significant mitigation of climate change. But Mr. Vilsack chose to counter the F2F efforts by *promoting an "alternative strategy"* – under the moniker "Coalition for Productivity Growth" – through which "other nations pledge not to follow the European path on farm policy." He has described this alternative, U.S.-led strategy as "a market-oriented, incentive-based, voluntary system [that] is effective" at slashing agricultural carbon emissions. [...]

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# La « faim » serait-elle au bout de la Farm-to-Fork ?

### Générations futures 11/10/21

C'est la question qu'on pourrait être amenés à se poser si on prenait au mot une étude financée par ... l'agro-industrie !

Cette « croyance » pourrait être renforcée [...] à la lecture d'articles alarmistes de certains médias libéraux droitiers comme Valeurs actuelles, l'Opinion... qui n'ont pas hésité à diffuser [...] une soi-disant « étude d'impacts » qui montrerait que l'application de la réforme Farm-To-Fork (F2F) aurait des « conséquences désastreuses », conséquences soi-disant « cachées » par la Commission européenne qui seraient « [...] la chute conséquente des volumes de nourriture, mettant ainsi l'Europe dans une situation de dépendance alimentaire ». Tremblez braves gens... voici le retour de la famine ! [...]

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# Il est temps de moderniser les données européennes sur les pesticides

### Générations futures 08/10/21

Générations Futures et 20 organisations environnementales et de santé à travers l'Europe ainsi que l'organisation européenne IFOAM Europe, demandent aux représentants des états membres (au sein du comité agriculture) de rejeter certaines propositions faites par la Commission au sujet des statistiques portant sur les pesticides et autres produits chimiques utilisés en agriculture. [...]

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# Mesdames et messieurs les représentants des Etats membres, votez contre la ré-autorisation de l'herbicide Flumioxazine

### Générations futures 08/10/21
certains pesticides », « améliorer la productivité » et le « traçage des aliments » et développer « des productions plus résilientes et plus solides dans les bio-solutions », a-t-il détaillé. [...]

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## Health risks posed by the use of mercury

The Citizen 11/10/21

Artisanal and Small-Gold Miners (ASGM) in Tanzania continue to use mercury without using protective gear, despite the health hazards posed by the toxic substance. Over 30 percent of small gold miners have been badly affected by mercury. [...]

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## Higher estimated pesticide exposures linked to ALS risk

EHN 08/10/21

Every year, approximately 5,000 people in the U.S. are diagnosed with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), or Lou Gehrig's disease.

The malady extinguishes firing nerve cells, severing the highways between our brain and muscles. People progressively lose their ability to walk, talk, [...] within two to five years. No one knows the causes, no one knows the cure.

But a study published in September in the journal Neurotoxicology sheds light on a potential contributor to the disease: pesticide exposure. By synthesizing available national data on ALS patients and pesticide uses, researchers found new supporting evidence that potential neurotoxic pesticide exposures could be risk factors for ALS. [...]

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## Study adds to 40 year analysis linking brain cancer to pesticide exposure

Beyond Pesticides, September 23, 2021

A study by Claremont Graduate University finds exposure to agricultural pesticides increases brain cancer risk up to 20 percent. This study expands on a 1998 study evaluating brain cancer risk among the farm population using epidemiologic studies. [...]

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## La santé-environnement : un sujet au cœur d'un nouveau rapport tout à fait passionnant des inspections générales !

Générations futures 22/09/21

Générations Futures appelle les ministères concernés à suivre les recommandations formulées dans ce document et ne pas laisser ce dernier au fin fond d'un tiroir comme cela fut trop souvent le cas par le passé (cf. les précédents rapports des inspections sur les pesticides ou les perturbateurs endocriniens).

A la demande de 5 ministères (écologie, santé, économie, enseignement supérieur et agriculture), un rapport intitulé « La santé-environnement : recherche, expertise et décision publiques », rédigé par les inspections générales (CGEDD, IGAS, IGF, IGESR, et CGAER) vient d'être rendu public (rapport daté de décembre 2020). [...]

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## Glyphosate : de nombreuses études scientifiques manquantes dans le dossier d'évaluation

Générations futures 21/09/21

Demande de ré-homologation du glyphosate en Europe : le dossier de l'industrie ignore plus de la moitié des études universitaires publiées les 10 dernières années précédant sa demande !

Alors que seront lancées ce 24 septembre des consultations publiques sur le dossier du glyphosate, Générations Futures dénonce un système qui permet à l'industrie de retirer une
majorité d'études scientifiques indépendantes du dossier qui sera évalué ! [...]

Lire le dossier complet: Ré-homologation du glyphosate: les études universitaires largement ignorées!

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# ONG : Encore une action en justice opportuniste contre l'État

## Alerte-Environnement 20/09/21

À l'occasion du Congrès de l'Union internationale pour la conservation de la nature (UICN) qui se tient à Marseille, les association Notre Affaire à Tous et Pollinis tentent de faire le buzz en lançant « la première étape d'une action en justice sans précédent contre l'État français » pour « manquement à ses obligations de protection de la biodiversité ». Les deux associations visent notamment « les défaillances notoires du processus d'autorisation et de mise sur le marché des pesticides, cause majeure du déclin massif de la biodiversité ». Tant pis si l'utilisation des phytos est en baisse depuis 20 ans : [...]

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# Persistent organic pollutants, including banned pesticides, remain present in all fetal organs regardless of maternal chemical contamination

## Beyond Pesticides, September 16, 2021

A study published in Chemosphere finds persistent organic pollutants (POPs), including organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), and polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), are present in the serum and placenta of pregnant mothers, as well as multiple fetal organs. Many studies indicate prenatal and early-life exposure to environmental toxicants increases susceptibility to diseases, from learning and developmental disabilities to cancer. However, this study is one of the first to demonstrate the presence of chemical toxicants

in fetal tissue that are not present in maternal serum or placental samples. [...]

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# « Dénigrement des vins de Bordeaux » Appel à mobilisation

## Générations futures 15/09/21

A la suite de la publication, le 15 septembre 2020, des résultats d'analyses de 22 vins labelisés HVE, l'association Alerte Aux Toxiques et sa Porteparole, Valérie Murat, avaient solidairement été condamnées à 125 000 euros d'amende au profit du CIVB et 25 acteurs de la filière par le tribunal de Libourne. Cette condamnation inédite est la plus lourde d'Europe selon le classement établi par l'ONG the-Case.eu qui répertorie les procès bâillons. [...]

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# Studies show how pesticides harm organisms that form the foundation of freshwater ecosystems

## Beyond Pesticides, September 15, 2021

Toxic pesticide use, and glyphosate in particular, degrades the health of freshwater ecosystems by harming species that form the basis of aquatic food chains, according to research published by scientists at McGill University. In a series of studies, scientists investigated how freshwater bacteria and zooplankton were affected by varying levels the weed killer glyphosate, the neonicotinoid insecticide imidacloprid, and nutrient levels. [...] "Our research shows that the structure of these [plankton] communities can be impaired under currently acceptable North American water quality guidelines." [...]

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# Produits alimentaires : pour un affichage de leur impact environnemental

FNE, 13/09/21

Engagée dès 2009 dans le cadre du Grenelle de l'environnement, la réflexion autour d'un affichage environnemental clair et fiable sur les produits alimentaires met du temps à aboutir. [...] un tel indicateur est toutefois particulièrement difficile à mettre en œuvre tant les paramètres à prendre en compte sont nombreux et complexes à évaluer.

A la fin de l'année, un rapport d'évaluation des différentes modalités d'affichage, s'appuyant sur un bilan des travaux de groupes thématiques et de vingt projets expérimentaux, sera remis au Parlement. Il devrait répondre à la question suivante : « Selon quelles modalités est-il possible de fournir au consommateur une information environnementale lisible, fiable et objective, afin de lui permettre d'orienter ses choix vers une consommation alimentaire plus respectueuse de l'environnement ? ».

Quels sont les enjeux liés à l'information environnementale des produits alimentaires ? Pourquoi est-elle si complexe à définir ? Quels sont les critères à prendre en compte ? France Nature Environnement fait le point. [...]

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# Lettre ouverte : pour une réorientation du Plan National de la PAC

FNE 10/09/21 (info relayée par Générations futures)

A l'occasion d'un déplacement d'Emmanuel Macron à la 7e édition des rencontres Terres de Jim organisée par les Jeunes Agriculteurs, 28 organisations paysannes, de protection de l'environnement, de solidarité et de consommateurs ont adressé ce jour un courrier au Président de la République lui demandant de traduire en action la promesse faite vendredi dernier lors du congrès mondial de l'UICN. [...]

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# More scientific evidence that endocrine-disrupting pesticides disrupt thyroid function

Beyond Pesticides, September 10, 2021

Research conducted in Thailand shows that exposures to pesticides, even at low levels, can impact the human endocrine system and distort thyroid function. The study looked specifically at interactions of genetics and environment: it investigated associations between variations in genes involved in pesticide metabolism and altered thyroid hormone concentrations in agricultural workers. This research underscores some of the complexity and difficulty of determining human vulnerability to impacts of pesticide exposures, given genetic variables. [...]

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# Endocrine (Hormone) Disrupting Chemicals, Including Pesticides, Also Effect the Nervous System

Beyond Pesticides, September 9, 2021

A new study published in *Toxicology Reports* finds the same chemicals that disrupt the endocrine (hormone) system also disrupt the nervous system. Endocrine disruptors are xenobiotics (i.e., chemical substances like toxic pesticides foreign to an organism or ecosystem) present in nearly all organisms and ecosystems. The World Health Organization (WHO), European Union (EU), and endocrine disruptor expert (deceased) Theo Colborn, Ph.D., classify over 55 to 177 chemical compounds as endocrine disruptors, including various household products like detergents, disinfectants, plastics, and pesticides. [...]

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# Endangered Species Likely To Be Hard Hit by Neonicotinoid Insecticides, EPA Finds

## Beyond Pesticides, September 8, 2021

The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) last month released a long-overdue biological evaluation of the three most commonly used neonicotinoid (neonic) insecticides, finding that the chemicals are likely to adversely affect the lion's share of endangered species and their habitat. While the public may be most familiar with the damage neonics cause to pollinator populations, EPA's evaluation highlights the widespread, indiscriminate harm scientists throughout the world have been sounding the alarm about for years. Advocates say the findings make it clear that neonicotinoids must be immediately banned from use. [...]

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## REVUE DE PRESSE / RECHERCHE ET MEDIAS

### Nanoplastics found in the Alps were transported by air from Frankfurt, Paris and London

Phys.org 01/11/21

A team of researchers have found nanoplastics at the pristine high-altitude Sonnblick Observatory in the Alps. This is the first time that nanoplastics have been found in this area. The researchers were originally looking for certain organic particles, but found nanoplastics by chance, discovering a new analysis method for detecting nanoplastics in the process. The research is published today in Environmental Pollution. [...]

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### Upper ocean layer contains 24 trillion pieces of microplastics

Earth.com 1/11/21

[...] While studies to measure and monitor the presence of microplastics in regions of the world's oceans have been conducted for the past 50 years, they have made use of disparate methods of collection and analysis [...]. Large data sets to help follow the trends in microplastic pollution have thus not been available to researchers in general.

This is what prompted a global team of oceanographers, led by researchers from Kyushu University, to review the data from previous published and unpublished expeditions to sample microplastics in the oceans. They calibrated and processed these data in order to build a publicly available dataset [...]

The research is published in the journal *Microplastics and Nanoplastics*.

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## Foetuses can be affected by microplastics, scientists find

Euronews 27/10/21

Microplastics could be harming unborn babies, concerning new research has found.

Large polystyrene particles - around the size of a cloud or fog droplet at 10 micrometres - can make their way into the placenta, according to scientists at Utrecht University.

Presenting her research at the Plastic Health Summit in Amsterdam last week, lead scientist Hanna Dusza said more work is urgently needed to determine what effect the tiny pieces of plastic are having on foetal health. [...]

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## Plastic pollution found in Taiwan's high mountain Jiaming Lake

FocusTaiwan, Oct. 31

Microplastic contamination has been found in 100 percent of water samples collected from Jiaming Lake in Taitung, the second highest mountain lake in Taiwan and a main source of drinking water for
the Formosan sambar deer, a protected species, according to a research report issued Sunday.

Meanwhile, the positive detection rate of microplastics in water samples collected from other sources along the hiking trail to Jiaming Lake, at an elevation of 3,310-m above sea level, was up to 80 percent, the international environmental organization Greenpeace said in a statement when publishing the report. [...]

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## Fish are being increasingly exposed to endocrine disrupters

PHYS.Org 26/10/21

Microplastics, owing to their chemical properties, can carry micropollutants into a fish's digestive system where they are subsequently released through the action of its gastric and intestinal fluids. EPFL scientists, working in association with other research institutes, have studied this process by looking specifically at progesterone—often pointed to as an endocrine disrupter.

When fish ingest microplastics, they often also ingest progesterone. [...]

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## Into the 'plastisphere': Scientists comb Japan waters to study new eco threat

PHYS.Org 25/10/21

A boat's crew casts a net into the seemingly clean waters off Japan's Izu peninsula, [...] —they are scooping up microplastics to learn more about the pollution's impact on marine life.

Tiny floating fragments from plastic packaging, synthetic clothing and fishing nets have proliferated over the past four decades, and are now found in every part of the world's oceans— even the deepest trench.

The planet's seafloor is littered with an estimated 14 million tonnes of microplastics, according to a study released last year, and scientists say more research on them is urgently needed, including

their effect on ecosystems, the food chain and human health. [...]

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## Long-anticipated plan to regulate PFAS chemicals unveiled in US

Chemistry world 22/10/21

The White House has taken a major step in implementing the US's first-ever strategy to tackle the family of highly fluorinated and toxic chemicals known as per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs). President Biden came to power promising to tackle PFASs during his election campaign as, to date, there has never been decisive federal action on the problem. [...]

On 18 October, the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) released a new strategic roadmap to address PFAS contamination across the US, including a new testing strategy requiring PFAS manufacturers to provide toxicity data; it also commits the EPA to quickly setting enforceable drinking water limits. [...]

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## Microplastics in belugas worked their way up food chain, researchers find

PHYS.Org 19/10/21

Microplastics are being found in even the most remote waters, say Simon Fraser University researchers who studied how the particles ended up in the stomachs of beluga whales through prey.

A new study published in the journal Science of the Total Environment looked at five species of Arctic fish known to be eaten by beluga whales.

Of the fish studied, 21 percent were found to have microplastic particles in their gastrointestinal tracts. [...]

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# Mieux prévenir les résistances « Une information encore plus transparente » sur les étiquettes des phytos

**Terre-Net 26/10/21**

Face aux risques de résistances aux herbicides, fongicides et insecticides, l'UIPP [l'Union des industries de la protection des plantes] et ses adhérents ont annoncé mi-octobre leur volonté de clarifier encore les étiquetages des produits phytosanitaires. [...]

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# Réchauffement climatique et pollution au plastique « sont interconnectés et nécessitent des solutions communes »

**Futura planète 26/10/21**

La pollution plastique et le réchauffement climatique apparaissent comme deux fléaux de nos sociétés modernes. Et des chercheurs confirment aujourd'hui à quel point les deux problématiques sont intimement liées. À l'origine des deux, notre manière de surconsommer des ressources pourtant finies. Pour sortir de l'impasse, nous devrons trouver des solutions communes. [...]

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# Les apiculteurs inquiets

**Agri-Mutuel 22/10/21**

Le gouvernement s'apprêterait à publier un « plan pollinisateurs » qui ne protège pas suffisamment les abeilles aux yeux des apiculteurs, s'est inquiété vendredi le président de l'Union nationale de l'apiculture française (Unaf), Christian Pons, auprès de l'AFP. [...]

Les agriculteurs auraient toujours la possibilité de traiter avec des produits portant la mention « abeilles » censés, lors de leur application, ne pas intoxiquer ces insectes. Pour l'Unaf, cette mention n'est pas assez claire. « [...]

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# Des rivières françaises polluées aux détergents, insecticides

**Agri-Mutuel 22/10/21**

Des rivières françaises sont polluées par des détergents, insecticides, herbicides et médicaments, avec des impacts possibles sur les milieux naturels et la santé humaine, selon deux études communes de l'Ineris et de l'office français de la biodiversité (OFB).

[...] Il en ressort que « la grande majorité des contaminats (122 sur 141) ne présentait pas de dépassement de seuils écotoxicologiques, ou de façon exceptionnelle sur un nombre limité de sites [...]

Pour autant, « pour les 19 contaminants restants, des impacts chroniques ou des effets sub-létaux sur les populations aquatiques ne peuvent pas être exclus ». « Ces contaminants sont essentiellement des résidus de détergents (jusqu'à 95 % des sites avec dépassement des seuils), d'insecticides (jusque 40 %), d'herbicides (jusque 25 %) ou de médicaments (jusque 20 %) », précise le communiqué. [...]

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# How airborne microplastics affect climate change

**Scientific American 20/10/21**

Microplastics - [...] - are influencing Earth's climate as they circulate through the atmosphere. Like other aerosol particles, both natural and synthetic, microplastics seem to have an overall cooling effect (albeit a small one), according to the first study to look at the possible climate effects of airborne microplastics. The study's authors and other researchers say the findings, [...], show the urgent need to get a better handle on how much plastic debris is in the air, where it is and what it is made of in order to better pin down its climatic influence. [...]

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# Exposure to a mixture of PFOA and PFOS during pregnancy produces cumulative effects on F1 bodyweight, liver weight, and survival in the Sprague-Dawley rat

EPA 21/10/21

[...] Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) are two of the most widely detected and extensively studied PFAS [Per- and poly-fluoroalkyl substance] ; however the literature does not contain a single published study addressing a hypothesis of additivity for these two compounds in laboratory animals. [...] the present abstract addresses the combined developmental toxicity of PFOA and PFOS in the Sprague-Dawley rat. This is the first data generated from a rigorous experimental examination of the combined effects of PFOA and PFOS in a laboratory animal model. [...]

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# Managing and treating per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in membrane concentrates

EPA publications 18/10/21

This manuscript describes the state of the science for treating reverse osmosis and nanofiltration membrane system concentrates containing PFAS. Academicians, consultants, utility personnel, and regulators will benefit from the discussion about the potential concentrate management approaches and the research needs that remain in this critical area of work.

https://doi.org/10.1002/aws2.1233

# Les eurodéputés adoptent la Stratégie de « la ferme à la table »

Actu-environnement 21/10/21

Le 20 octobre, le Parlement européen, a adopté, en session plénière, le projet de Stratégie européenne de « la ferme à la table ». Pour rappel, en mai 2020, la Commission européenne a présenté cette stratégie qui vise à mettre en place un système alimentaire plus durable à l'horizon 2030. Quatre objectifs ont été fixés d'ici cette échéance : réduire de 50 % l'utilisation des pesticides et des risques qui leur sont associés, diminuer d'au moins 20 % l'utilisation de fertilisants et de 50 % les ventes d'antimicrobiens utilisés pour les élevages et l'aquaculture. [...]

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# Pollution au chlordécone : la collectivité territoriale de Martinique se porte partie civile

Francetvinfo 13/10/21

La collectivité territoriale de Martinique (CTM) a annoncé, mardi 12 octobre, qu'elle allait se porter partie civile dans le procès pour empoisonnement au chlordécone, un pesticide qui a causé une importante pollution dans l'île ainsi qu'en Guadeloupe. "Par ce geste historique, la Collectivité de Martinique, en tant que corps constitué, se saisit d'un dossier qui a impacté des générations de Martiniquaises et de Martiniquais", a précisé la CTM dans un communiqué. [...]

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# Opinion: The need for chemical simplification as a logical consequence of ever-increasing chemical pollution

ACS 12/10/21

Widespread presence of synthetic chemicals throughout the natural environment, [...] and improved analytical techniques now demonstrate the presence of mixtures of hundreds, if not thousands, of synthetic chemicals and their transformation products in the environment. For most of these chemicals, data on their effects on humans, animals, or plants are missing. [...]
What is the consequence of the above outlined state of the environment, regulation, and science in our field and how can we achieve a more positive future trajectory ? We propose that we need to seriously consider “chemical simplification” as a future goal of innovation in chemical science and industry for the problem to become tractable. [...]

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## L'intense lobbying de l'agro-industrie contre « Farm to Fork », le volet agricole du Pacte vert européen

Le Monde 12/10/21

[...] L'agro-industrie veut faire dérailler la stratégie européenne « de la ferme à la fourchette » (« Farm to Fork »), le volet agricole du Pacte vert (Green Deal) annoncé en décembre 2019 [...]. Plusieurs documents internes du Comité des organisations professionnelles agricoles de l'Union européenne (COPA-Cogeca), dont Le Monde a obtenu copie, mettent en avant les « lignes rouges » considérées comme franchies par le projet européen. [...]

La première, définie comme cruciale, concerne les objectifs, contraignants, de baisse de l'utilisation des pesticides et des antibiotiques dans l'élevage (50 % de réduction d'ici à 2030), [...]. Selon ses documents internes, le COPA-Cogeca souhaite que ces objectifs soient retirés du texte.

Article réservé aux abonnés

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## Photos show Manila Bay mangroves 'choking' in plastic pollution

The Guardian 11/10/21

[...] The Navotas mudflats and mangroves in Manila Bay are buried in a thick layer of rubbish.

It is “almost choking the mangrove roots,” Diuvs de Jesus, a marine biologist in the Philippines who photographed the area on a recent visit, said.

The wetlands are of huge environmental significance. They provide a crucial feeding ground for migratory birds, offer protection against floodwater and help tackle climate change by absorbing far greater levels of carbon dioxide than mountain forests. [...]

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## Protection des abeilles : les députés veulent en faire une « grande cause nationale » en 2022

Terre-net 07/10/21

L'Assemblée nationale a demandé jeudi au gouvernement de faire de la sauvegarde des abeilles, gravement menacées par les insecticides, les maladies et la prolifération du frelon asiatique, une « grande cause nationale » en 2022.

Les députés ont adopté à l'unanimité une résolution en ce sens, non contraignante, présentée par le groupe LR dans le cadre de sa journée dite de « niche », réservée à un groupe minoritaire. L'auteur de la résolution, le député Robert Therry, apiculteur, a souligné que ce combat était « une nécessité pour la survie de notre écosystème », en plus du poids économique de la filière. [...]

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## Produits phytosanitaires : les CEPP peinent à être appliqués

Réussir 30/09/21

Les distributeurs ont des objectifs à remplir en termes de Certificats d'économie de produits phyto (CEPP) se rapportant au recours aux solutions alternatives aux produits. L'évolution est lente.

Depuis 2016, les entreprises distribuant des phytos doivent favoriser des solutions alternatives à ces produits, donnant lieu à des certificats d'économie de produits phytopharmaceutiques (CEPP). Les distributeurs se voient fixer des objectifs à atteindre, sous peine d'encourir des sanctions. Selon le bilan publié par le ministère de l'Agriculture, 20 %
d'entre elles seulement ont réussi à atteindre ces obligations en 2020. Ce chiffre recule à 9 % pour les 50 premières entreprises (représentant 54 % des obligations de certificats). [...]

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Desulfonation and defluorination of 6:2 fluorotelomer sulfonic acid (6:2 FTSA) by *Rhodococcus jostii* RHA1: Carbon and sulfur sources, enzymes, and pathways

EPA

The compound 6:2 FTSA (6:2 Fluorotelomer Sulfonic Acid) is an important PFAS as is used in a majority of contemporary products including AFFF formulations and chromium plating anti-mist solutions. It is a commonly found PFAS impacted by both of these industries. The microbial degradation and pathways to metabolites is important in defining the co-occuring PFAS that may be associated. This study shows that the used microorganisms are able to completely degrade the 6:2 FTSA rapidly leading to a series of PFAS terminal metabolites.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.127052

EPA announces updates on its efforts to address pfas in pesticide packaging

Pesticide blog 04/10/21

On September 29, 2021, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) announced developments in its efforts to address per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in the environment. In particular, EPA provided an update on its progress in testing pesticide products and containers for PFAS. [...]

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Bat guts become less healthy through diet of 'fast food' from banana plantations

PHYS.ORG 23/09/21

Nectar-feeding bats foraging in intensively managed banana plantations in Costa Rica have a less diverse set of gut microbes in comparison to bats feeding in their natural forest habitat or organic plantations, reveals new research published today in Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution. This the first study to show an association between habitat alteration, sustainable agriculture and the gut microbiota of wildlife. [...]

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Infants have more microplastics in their feces than adults, study finds

PHYS.ORG 22/09/21

Microplastics—tiny plastic pieces less than 5 mm in size—are everywhere, from indoor dust to food to bottled water. So it's not surprising that scientists have detected these particles in the feces of people and pets. Now, in a small pilot study, researchers reporting in ACS' Environmental Science & Technology Letters discovered that infants have higher amounts of one type of microplastic in their stool than adults. Health effects, if any, are uncertain. [...]

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River research reveals scale of macroplastic pollution

PHYS.ORG 22/09/21

Plastic pollution clogs river systems for considerably longer than previously thought, new research from the University of Leicester shows.

Macroplastics—or plastic litter more than 5mm in size—travel much slower through river systems than previously believed, at an average speed of less than 0.01 km per hour, and can remain in place for significant periods of time.
If not removed, not only may this pollution eventually emerge in the ocean, but it is also likely to negatively impact marine wildlife and human uses of river systems. [...]

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## Insecticide and climate warming impact stream insect communities

PHYS.ORG 16/09/21

New research highlights the impact of one of the world's most widely used insecticides on stream macroinvertebrate communities in the context of climate change.

The research is the first to study the combined effects of the neonicotinoid insecticide imidacloprid and raised water temperatures due to climate-change on experimental stream communities, using the award-winning ExStream System developed by University of Otago researchers. [...]

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## Ouverture au public du site Geod'air

Ineris 20/09/21

La base de données Geod'air s'est enrichie de nouvelles fonctionnalités et s'ouvre au public ce lundi 20 septembre 2021, avec une nouvelle interface graphique.

Geod'air est le site national compilant les données de référence de qualité de l'air, développé et géré par l'Ineris dans le cadre de ses activités pour le Laboratoire central de surveillance de la qualité de l'air (LCSQA).

Les données de mesure concernent les polluants réglementés et les polluants d'intérêt national, produites dans chaque région administrative de métropole et d'outre-mer par les Associations agréées de surveillance de la qualité de l'air (AASQA), soit plus de 550 stations. [...]

Accéder au site : https://www.geodair.fr

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## Humpback whales as bioindicators of Antarctic mercury pollution

PHYS.ORG 16/09/21

A Griffith University-led study provided the first evidence of mercury accumulation in humpback whales and screened levels in other marine megafauna foraging in the Southern Ocean.

Conducted in collaboration with the Australian Antarctic Division, the British Antarctic Survey and the University of Southern Demark, the study found mercury levels increased along the Antarctic food chain, however relatively low levels were found in whales' skin and blubber. [...]

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## Data from 29,798 clean-ups around the world uncovers some of the worst litter hotspots

PHYS.ORG 16/09/21

Coastal litter is a big environmental problem. But how does this litter differ around the world, and why? In the first global analysis of its kind, we set out to answer those questions using data collected by thousands of citizen scientists.

Our analysis, released today, discovered litter hotspots on every inhabited continent, including Australia. This finding busts two persistent myths: that most of the world's plastic pollution comes from just a few major rivers, and that countries in the Global South are largely to blame for the marine plastic problem. [...]

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## Bluefin tuna reveal global ocean patterns of mercury pollution

PHYS.ORG 14/09/21

Bluefin tuna, a long-lived migratory species that accumulates mercury as it ages, can be used as a global barometer of the heavy metal and the risk