# Fads and Misleading Concepts Are Influencing Urban Mobility and City Logistics?

Helcio Raymundo, João Reis

► To cite this version:

Helcio Raymundo, João Reis. Fads and Misleading Concepts Are Influencing Urban Mobility and City Logistics?. IFIP International Conference on Advances in Production Management Systems (APMS), Sep 2022, Gyeongju, South Korea. pp.563-573, 10.1007/978-3-031-16407-1_66. hal-05386139

HAL Id: hal-05386139

https://inria.hal.science/hal-05386139v1

Submitted on 27 Nov 2025

HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access
archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci-
entific research documents, whether they are pub-
lished or not. The documents may come from
teaching and research institutions in France or
abroad, or from public or private research centers.

L'archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est
destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents
scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non,
émanant des établissements d'enseignement et de
recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires
publics ou privés.

<figure><img src="image_1.png" /></figure>

Distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License
<figure><img src="image_2.png" /></figure>

ifip

International Federation for Information Processing

This document is the original author manuscript of a paper submitted to an IFIP
conference proceedings or other IFIP publication by Springer Nature. As such, there
may be some differences in the official published version of the paper. Such
differences, if any, are usually due to reformatting during preparation for publication or
minor corrections made by the author(s) during final proofreading of the publication
manuscript.
# Fads and Misleading Concepts Are Influencing Urban Mobility and City Logistics?

Helcio Raymundo<fnref n="1" /> and João Gilberto M. dos Reis<fnref n="1" />,<fnref n="2" />✉

**Abstract.** The knowledge or information society has brought risks of misinformation for the public and academia. “Greenwashing” in the environmental sciences exists and cannot be ignored. In the fields of “Urban Mobility” and “City Logistics,” which share similar processes and the same environment, it is also essential to verify the influence of fads and misleading concepts. Thus, this paper aims to answer this question. To this end, out of a sample of 561 websites, 32 were selected for deep analysis. We conclude that the risk of contamination by fads and misleading concepts is moderate but not negligible, requiring a continuously strong posture in defense of science from the scientific community and society.

**Keywords:** Fads · Misleading concepts · Urban mobility · City logistic

## 1 Introduction

Today's society can be characterized as a knowledge or information society anchored in scientific and technological innovation [1], thus enabling us to exert our influences, whatever role we play as stakeholders, such as citizens, planners, decision-makers, or policymakers [2].

Nonetheless, the consumer society (mass society) overlaps with the knowledge or information society [3], powerfully shaped by mass media, continuously propagating the West's hegemonic social, cultural, political, economic, and military values [4], typically relying on arguments from popularity or tradition [5]. Even so, Western values are not free of logical or scientific scrutiny, given that controversies related to “climate change,” for example, up until now, remain [6]. In the same way, are still under discussion statements, such as:

* [7]: ‘The problems of technological development that produced the environmental crisis have their roots in the typically European way of dealing with nature;’

* [8]: ‘Today’s global capitalism developed out of the crisis of European feudalism;’ or

<footnote n="1">¹ RESUP – Research Group in Supply Chain, Postgraduate Programme in Production Engineering, Universidade Paulista – UNIP, Dr. Bacelar, 1212, São Paulo, SP 04026-002, Brazil
helcioru@uol.com.br, joao.reis@docente.unip.br</footnote>

<footnote n="2">² Centro de Ciências Sociais Aplicadas, Mackenzie Presbyterian University, São Paulo, Brazil
joao.reis@mackenzie.br</footnote>
* [9]: 'International law and democracy simply refer to the separation of state and religion.'

In this sense, it is a matter of concern to note that there may be a variable influence of fads or misleading concepts dictated exclusively by commercial interests. Even more severe is the practice of “brainwashing,” such as “greenwashing,” a process of conveying a false impression or providing misleading information about how a company’s products are more environmentally sound. Practices like these allow some companies to obtain undue advantages and mask fraudulent practices [10].

Thus, to answer the question that gives the title to this paper, it is necessary to know the evolving path of the concept and definitions of “Urban Mobility” and “City Logistics” and verify the influence of fads or misleading concepts. Accordingly, this article aims to answer if fads or misled concepts have influenced “Urban Mobility” and “City Logistics.”

To this end, we developed a website screening for “Urban Mobility” (plus “Sustainable Urban Mobility”) and “City Logistics” (plus “Urban Freight Transport” and “Urban Logistics”), generating a primary sample of 561 website candidates. From the sample, dismissing those with clear commercial interest, 36 websites were selected for deep analysis, in which we looked for terms or expressions such as “smart cities,” “resilience,” “greener,” or “sustainability” and their speeches without a precise scientific basis of support. Even though these terms and expressions may belong to the academic lexicon, and maybe with ulterior motives, they have been widely used by mass media as something brand new and irresistible in the conquest of hearts and minds of public opinion, as fetish concepts [11], becoming hegemonic and sustaining decisions to buy and sell products and services with these labels [12].

## 2 Material and Methods

“Urban Mobility” was initially defined as the capability of people to move around in urban environments [13]. However, some authors [14, 15], in a broader and more generously humanistic approach, prefer to understand “Urban Mobility” as a cities’ attribute, i. e., depending on (i) the location and distribution of the human activities (in which Urban Planning should play a key role), (ii) the intensity in carrying on these activities (related to social and economics inputs), and (iii) the supply of the passengers’ transportation systems.

Beyond that, more recently, the idea of “Sustainable Urban Mobility” arrived as:

* [16]: 'The ability to meet society's need to move freely without sacrificing other essential human or ecological values, today or in the future;' or, in a functional sense; and

* [17]: 'Organizing urban mobility around the objectives of wider accessibility, reduced automobile dependence, saving energy and reducing carbon emissions, hence increasing the livability of the cities.'

“City Logistics,” in contrast, even evolved from “Urban Freight Transport” to “Urban Logistics” [18], is voiced by a more function-oriented definition, as we can see in [19],
as: ‘the process for totally optimizing the logistics and transport activities by private companies with the support of advanced information systems in urban areas considering the traffic environment, the traffic congestion, the traffic safety and the energy savings within the framework of a market economy.’

Despite different definitions, “Urban Mobility” and “City Logistics” are under
similar stakeholders, and their relationships can be explained as follows:

* They happen in urban areas, which means that both are subjected to the same inputs and outputs of the urban metabolism process [20];

* The vehicles of their transportation systems share the same scarce spaces in the urban environment, generally called road systems or infrastructure [21], in which public policies would ideally result from high-quality Urban Planning that has been mainly focused on this infrastructure [22]; and

* Climate change affects passenger and freight transportation systems, and their functioning amplifies the harmful effects of climate change [23, 24].

One more element needs to be understood: how are fads and misleading concepts communicated (‘transmitted’) to “Urban Mobility” and “City Logistics” stakeholders? Or, in other words: how do the stakeholders ‘consume’ it? Or: how are fads and misled concepts propagated or spread?

According to mainstream practices supported in the literature, mass media still relies on TV, radio, newspapers, and magazines for exclusive offers, social media for institutional image management and brand strengthening, and sites and emails for direct customer access [25, 26]. Under this condition, we decided to verify the following:

* The existence and influence of fads and misleading concepts in websites supposedly targeted at the general audience and “Urban Mobility” and “City Logistics” stakeholders; and

* The focus of each website and whether they are scientifically oriented, i.e., if the literature supports their statements.

Thus, a simplified research methodology is developed, consisting of website screening on Google Search®. The search results are based on a priority rank system of Google Search®, known as “PageRank®,” a way of measuring the “relevance” of websites [27]. The keywords considered are: “Urban Mobility” and “Sustainable Urban Mobility,” forming Group 1; and “Urban Freight Transport,” “Urban Logistics,” and “City Logistics,” forming Group 2. The following five sub-items describe the research features and results obtained.

## 2.1 Urban Mobility

For “Urban Mobility,” research was carried out on 02/23/2022, and among 88 websites, 12 were selected for a deep analysis (13.6%), while for “Sustainable Urban Mobility,” research was conducted on 03/07/2022, and from 132 websites, 12 were selected (9.1%). The findings are in Table 1 and Table 2.
<table><caption>**Table 1.** Urban mobility (GROUP 1)- research analysis</caption><thead><tr><td>#</td><td>Name and type of organization</td><td>Fads or misleading concepts</td><td>Comments</td></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>1</td><td>EIT Urban Mobility Governmental. EU</td><td>Not found</td><td>(i) Focus on innovation; (ii) Scientific approach</td></tr><tr><td>2</td><td>WRI NGO. World</td><td>Not found</td><td>(i) Focus on sustainable cities; (ii) Scientific approach</td></tr><tr><td>3</td><td>TUMI Governmental. Germany</td><td>Not found</td><td>(i) Focus on sustainability; (ii) Some requirements of service and equipment are compulsory; (iii) Some statements may sound prejudiced or colonialist; (iv) Scientific approach</td></tr><tr><td>4</td><td>UIA Governmental. EU</td><td>Not found</td><td>(i) Focus on urban changes; (ii) Scientific-oriented approach</td></tr><tr><td>5</td><td>Intertraffic B2B Portal. World</td><td>Partly</td><td>(i) Many focuses; (ii) Full of clichés, making it difficult to vouch for scientific accuracy</td></tr><tr><td>6</td><td>CIVITAS Governmental. EU</td><td>Partly</td><td>(i) Focus on sustainability & smart mobility; (ii) There are conflicting concepts; (iii) Scientific approach</td></tr><tr><td>7</td><td>UITP Association. World</td><td>Not found</td><td>(i) Focus on public transportation; (ii) 50% of the associates are operators; 43% manufacturers, 5% government authorities; and 2% others; (iii) Scientific approach</td></tr><tr><td>8</td><td>Eltis NGO. EU</td><td>Not found</td><td>(i) Focus on Sustainable Urban Mobility; (ii) Scientific approach</td></tr><tr><td>9</td><td>PADAM Mobility Company. Germany</td><td>Partly</td><td>(i) Focus on Demand-Responsive Transport; (ii) A sales-oriented approach could hide scientific accuracy</td></tr><tr><td>10</td><td>Urban Insight/Sweco Company. Sweden</td><td>Partly</td><td>(i) Many focuses; (ii) A sales-oriented approach could hide scientific accuracy</td></tr></tbody></table>

(continued)
<table><caption>**Table 1.** (continued)</caption><thead><tr><td>#</td><td>Name and type of organization</td><td>Fads or misleading concepts</td><td>Comments</td></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>11</td><td>Interreg Mediterranean Governmental. EU</td><td>Not found</td><td>(i) Focus on "smarter" and "greener;" (ii) Scientific approach</td></tr><tr><td>12</td><td>ITPD NGO. World</td><td>Not found</td><td>(i) Focus on cities for a sustainable and livable future; (ii) Scientific approach</td></tr></tbody></table>

<table><caption>**Table 2.** Sustainable urban mobility (GROUP 1) - research analysis</caption><thead><tr><td>#</td><td>Name and type of organization</td><td>Fads or misleading concepts</td><td>Comments</td></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>1</td><td>European Commission Governmental. EU</td><td>Not found</td><td>(i) Focus on Sustainable Urban Mobility Indicators; (ii) Scientific approach</td></tr><tr><td>2</td><td>TUMI - See Table 1</td><td>See Table 1</td><td>See Table 1</td></tr><tr><td>3</td><td>UBC NGO. Baltic Cities</td><td>Not found</td><td>(i) Focus on sustainable cities; (ii) Scientific approach</td></tr><tr><td>4</td><td>Urban Insight - See Table 1</td><td>See Table 1</td><td>See Table 1</td></tr><tr><td>5</td><td>Flows - Modelling Mobility Blog. World</td><td>Not found</td><td>(i) Many focuses; (ii) Scientific approach</td></tr><tr><td>6</td><td>Eit Governmental. EU</td><td>Not found</td><td>(i) Many focuses; (ii) Scientific approach</td></tr><tr><td>7</td><td>CIVITAS - See Table 1</td><td>See Table 1</td><td>See Table 1</td></tr><tr><td>8</td><td>State of Green Governmental. Denmark</td><td>Not found</td><td>(i) Focus on "green vision;" (ii) Scientific approach</td></tr><tr><td>9</td><td>The Recursive Online community. Bulgaria</td><td>Partly</td><td>(i) Focus on Recursive Innovation; (ii) A marketing approach could hide scientific accuracy</td></tr><tr><td>10</td><td>Smart Cities Dive B2B Portal. World</td><td>Partly</td><td>(i) Many focuses; (ii) Full of clichés, hiding scientific accuracy</td></tr></tbody></table>

(continued)
<table><caption>**Table 2.** (continued)</caption><thead><tr><td>#</td><td>Name and type of organization</td><td>Fads or misleading concepts</td><td>Comments</td></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>11</td><td>TNO – Innovation for Life NGO. World</td><td>Not found</td><td>(i) Focus on “smarter” and “greener;” (ii) Scientific approach</td></tr><tr><td>12</td><td>WWF – World Wildlife Fund NGO. World</td><td>Not found</td><td>(i) Many focuses; (ii) Scientific approach</td></tr></tbody></table>

## 2.2 City Logistics

For City Logistics, research was conducted on 02/24/2022, and among 143 websites, four (2.8%) were selected for deep analysis, while for Urban Freight Transport, research was carried out on 03/05/2022, and from 88 websites, four were selected (4.5%). For Urban Logistics, on 03/02/2022, four websites (3.6%) were selected among 110. The findings are in Tables 3, 4, and 5.

<table><caption>**Table 3.** City logistics (GROUP 2) - research analysis</caption><thead><tr><td>#</td><td>Name and type of organization</td><td>Fads or misleading concepts</td><td>Comments</td></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>1</td><td>CityChangers.org<br>Online community. World</td><td>Not found</td><td>(i) Many focuses; (ii) Scientific approach</td></tr><tr><td>2</td><td>JLL<br>Company. England</td><td>Partly</td><td>(i) Many focuses; (ii) A marketing approach could hide scientific accuracy</td></tr><tr><td>3</td><td>DB Schenker<br>Company. Germany</td><td>Not found</td><td>(i) Many focuses; (ii) Scientific approach</td></tr><tr><td>4</td><td>MIXMOVE<br>Company. Norway</td><td>Not found</td><td>(i) Focus on cloud software for logistics; (ii) Scientific approach</td></tr></tbody></table>
<table><caption>**Table 4.** Urban freight transport (GROUP 2) - research analysis</caption><thead><tr><td>#</td><td>Name and type of organization</td><td>Fads or misleading concepts</td><td>Comments</td></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>1</td><td>ICLEI<br>NGO. World</td><td>Not found</td><td>(i) Many focuses; (ii); Consultancy with the members; (iii) Scientific approach</td></tr><tr><td>2</td><td>POLIS<br>NGO. Europe</td><td>Not found</td><td>(i) Focus on innovative technologies; (ii) Scientific approach</td></tr><tr><td>3</td><td>BESTFACT<br>NGO. Europe</td><td>Not found</td><td>(i) Many focuses; (ii) Scientific approach</td></tr><tr><td>4</td><td>EEA and Norway Grants<br>Governmental.<br>Iceland/Lichenstein/Norway</td><td>Not found</td><td>(i) Many focuses; (ii) Scientific approach</td></tr></tbody></table>

<table><caption>**Table 5.** Urban logistics (GROUP 2) - research analysis</caption><thead><tr><td>#</td><td>Name and type of organization</td><td>Fads or misleading concepts</td><td>Comments</td></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>1</td><td>MOVILIBLOG<br>Blog. World</td><td>Not found</td><td>(i) Focus on Urban Logistics as a Service; (ii) Scientific approach</td></tr><tr><td>2</td><td>Urban Redevelopment Authority<br>Governmental. Singapore</td><td>Not found</td><td>(i) Focus on urban logistics; (ii) Scientific approach</td></tr><tr><td>3</td><td>AISIN Mobility<br>Company. Japan</td><td>Not found</td><td>(i) Focus on logistics platforms; (ii) Scientific approach</td></tr><tr><td>4</td><td>UNICEN<br>Industry-university partnership. Japan/Singapore</td><td>Not found</td><td>(i) Many focuses; (ii) Scientific approach</td></tr></tbody></table>

## 3 Results and Discussions

From Tables 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5, among 561 websites generated by the website screening on Google Search® (220 related to “Urban Mobility” and “Sustainable Urban Mobility” and 341 related to “Urban Freight Transport,” “Urban Logistics” and “City Logistics”), 36 (6,4%) (24 from Group 1 and 12 from Group 2) were selected for deep analysis. The types of organizations of these 36 websites are shown in Table 6.
<table><caption>**Table 6.** Types of organization distribution</caption><thead><tr><th>Type of organizations</th><th>"Urban Mobility"</th><th>"Sustainable Urban Mobility"</th><th>"Urban Freight Transport"</th><th>"Urban Logistics"</th><th>"City Logistics"</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>Governmental</td><td>5</td><td>5</td><td>1</td><td>1</td><td>0</td></tr><tr><td>NGO</td><td>3</td><td>3</td><td>3</td><td>0</td><td>0</td></tr><tr><td>B2B Portal</td><td>1</td><td>1</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td></tr><tr><td>Association</td><td>1</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td></tr><tr><td>Company</td><td>2</td><td>1</td><td>0</td><td>1</td><td>3</td></tr><tr><td>Blog</td><td>0</td><td>1</td><td>0</td><td>1</td><td>0</td></tr><tr><td>Online community</td><td>0</td><td>1</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td>Industry-university partnership</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>1</td><td>0</td></tr></tbody></table>

In Group 1, governmental organizations prevail, while in Group 2, other types of predominantly private organizations appear. It is an expected result since the nature of the activities involved in Group 1, conducted directly or indirectly by governments, receives funding from climate, environmental, carbon credit, and similar funds. On the other hand, in Group 2, whose activities are private, the participation of companies is relatively greater. It should highlight that European organizations, followed by Japanese and Singapore ones, predominate in the two groups and that "Urban Mobility" was captured by "Sustainable Urban Mobility," which may suggest a sign of the influence of the "sustainability" fad.

The influence of fads and misleading concepts found in the deep analysis and the corresponding comments about focus and approach are shown in Table 7.

<table><caption>**Table 7.** Possibility of fads and misleading concepts, focus and approach</caption><thead><tr><th rowspan="3">Expressions</th><th colspan="2">Fads/Misleading concepts</th><th colspan="4">Comments</th></tr><tr><th rowspan="2">Not found</th><th rowspan="2">Partly</th><th colspan="2">Focus</th><th colspan="2">Approach</th></tr><tr><th>With focus on</th><th>Many Focuses</th><th>Sales or Marketing</th><th>Scientific</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>Urban Mobility (12)</td><td>8</td><td>4</td><td>10</td><td>2</td><td>3</td><td>9</td></tr><tr><td>Sustainable Urban (12) Mobility</td><td>8</td><td>4</td><td>7</td><td>5</td><td>3</td><td>9</td></tr></tbody></table>

(continued)
<table><caption>**Table 7. (continued)**</caption><thead><tr><th rowspan="3">Expressions</th><th colspan="2">Fads/Misleading concepts</th><th colspan="4">Comments</th></tr><tr><th rowspan="2">Not found</th><th rowspan="2">Partly</th><th colspan="2">Focus</th><th colspan="2">Approach</th></tr><tr><th>With focus on</th><th>Many Focuses</th><th>Sales or Marketing</th><th>Scientific</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td><strong>GROUP 1 (24)</strong></td><td><strong>16</strong></td><td><strong>8</strong></td><td><strong>17</strong></td><td><strong>7</strong></td><td><strong>6</strong></td><td><strong>19</strong></td></tr><tr><td>Urban Freight (04) Transport</td><td>4</td><td>0</td><td>1</td><td>3</td><td>0</td><td>4</td></tr><tr><td>Urban Logistics (04)</td><td>4</td><td>0</td><td>3</td><td>1</td><td>0</td><td>4</td></tr><tr><td>City Logistics (04)</td><td>3</td><td>1</td><td>1</td><td>3</td><td>1</td><td>3</td></tr><tr><td><strong>GROUP 2 (12)</strong></td><td><strong>11</strong></td><td><strong>1</strong></td><td><strong>5</strong></td><td><strong>7</strong></td><td><strong>1</strong></td><td><strong>11</strong></td></tr><tr><td><strong>GROUP 1 + 2 (36)</strong></td><td><strong>27</strong></td><td><strong>9</strong></td><td><strong>22</strong></td><td><strong>14</strong></td><td><strong>7</strong></td><td><strong>28</strong></td></tr></tbody></table>

In Group 1, possible fads and misleading concepts are not found in 66.7% of the websites and only partly in 33.3%. In Group 2, 91.7% and 8.3% are the numbers. Regarding “focus,” Group 1 shows 70.8% of the websites “with focus,” and 29.2% with “many focuses,” while in Group 2, we found 41.7% and 58.3%.

Of the 22 websites “with focus” of the two groups, only one is focused on the corresponding keyword (“Urban Logistics”). On the other hand, the remaining 21 websites focus on innovation, sustainable cities, urban changes, sustainability & smart mobility, public transportation, Demand-Responsive-Transport, “smarter” and “greener,” cities for sustainable livable future, sustainable urban mobility indicators, “green vision,” Recursive Innovation, innovative technologies, Urban Logistics as a Service, logistics platforms, and cloud software for logistics.

Fortunately, the scientific approach predominates in Groups 1 and 2, respectively, with 79.2% and 91.7%.

## 4 Conclusions

We conclude that issues like “Urban Mobility” and “Sustainable Urban Mobility” involving governments competing for resources from global investment funds can be at moderate risk of being influenced by fads or misled concepts. On the other hand, for “Urban Freight Transport,” “Urban Logistics,” and “City Logistics,” the risk may be lower once fads and misleading concepts differently influence them as a primarily private activity.

Within the limits of our research, we can also conclude that fads and misleading concepts are influencing “Urban Mobility” and “City Logistics” to a moderate degree.
However, and fortunately, among 32 websites investigated, 28 (87.5%) have a scientific-oriented approach.

Thus, more research is needed to verify to what extent the influence described in this paper may be more significant and lessen its harmful effects. For these reasons, the scientific community should be aware and ensure that the needs of governments, public transport operators, logistics operators, decision-makers, policymakers, and the stakeholders involved are always met accordingly to strictly scientific principles.

## References

1. Ranga, M., Etzkowitz, H.: Triple helix systems: an analytical framework for innovation policy and practice in the knowledge society. In: Mitra, J., Edmondson, J. (eds.) Entrepreneurship and Knowledge Exchange, pp. 117–158. Routledge, New York (2015)

2. Conrad, E., Cassar, L.F., Christie, M., Fazey, I.: Hearing but not listening? A participatory assessment of public participation in planning. Eviron. Plan. C Gov. Policy **29**(5), 761–782 (2011)

3. Minati, G.: Knowledge to manage the knowledge society. Learn. Organ. **19**(4), 350–368 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1108/09696471211226707

4. Acharya, A.: After liberal hegemony: the advent of a multiplex world order. Ethics Int. Aff. **31**(3), 271–285 (2017)

5. Harding, T.: Common sense fallacy (2014). https://yandoo.wordpress.com/2014/12/28/mon-sense-fallacy/. Accessed 28 Feb 2022

6. Sarewitz, D.: How science makes environmental controversies worse. Environ. Sci. Policy **7**(5), 385–403 (2004)

7. Du Pisani, J.A.: Sustainable development–historical roots of the concept. Environ. Sci. **3**(2), 83–96 (2006)

8. Bieler, A., Morton, A.D.: Global Capitalism, Global War, Global Crisis. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge (2018)

9. Marks, S.: The Riddle of All Constitutions: International Law, Democracy, and the Critique of Ideology. Oxford University Press, Oxford (2003)

10. De Freitas Netto, S.V., Sobral, M.F.F., Ribeiro, A.R.B., Da Luz Soares, G.R.: Concepts and forms of greenwashing: a systematic review. Environ. Sci. Eur. **32**(1), 1–12 (2020)

11. Bondanella, P.: Umberto Eco and the Open Text: Semiotics, Fiction, Popular Culture. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge (2005)

12. Eco, U.: Faith in fakes. Random House (2014)

13. Mitchell, W.J., Borroni-Bird, C.E., Burns, L.D.: Reinventing the Automobile: Personal Urban Mobility for the 21st Century. MIT press, Cambridge (2010)

14. de Freitas Miranda, H., da Silva, A.N.R.: Benchmarking sustainable urban mobility: the case of Curitiba, Brazil. Transp. Policy **21**, 141–151 (2012)

15. Klinger, T., Kenworthy, J.R., Lanzendorf, M.: Dimensions of urban mobility cultures: a comparison of German cities. J. Transp. Geogr. **31**, 18–29 (2013)

16. Williams, K.: Spatial planning, urban form and sustainable transport: an introduction. In: Spatial Planning, Urban Form and Sustainable Transport, pp. 15–28. Routledge, Abingdon-on-Thames (2017)

17. Wee, B.: Urban transport and sustainability. In: van Bueren, E., van Bohemen, H., Itard, L., Visscher, H. (eds.) Sustainable Urban Environments, pp. 243–261. Springer, Dordrecht (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-1294-2_9

18. Rose, W.J., Bell, J.E., Autry, C.W., Cherry, C.R.: Urban logistics: Establishing key concepts and building a conceptual framework for future research. Transp. J. **56**(4), 357–394 (2017)
19. Taniguchi, E., Thompson, R.G., Yamada, T., van Duin, R.: City Logistics: Network Modeling and Intelligent Transport Systems. Pergamon, Oxford (2001)

20. Chrysoulakis, N., De Castro, E.A., Moors, E.J. (eds.): Understanding Urban Metabolism: A Tool for Urban Planning. Routledge, Abingdon-on-Thames (2014)

21. Maggi, E., Vallino, E.: Understanding urban mobility and the impact of public policies: the role of the agent-based models. Res. Transp. Econ. **55**, 50–59 (2016)

22. Kennedy, C., Miller, E., Shalaby, A., Maclean, H., Coleman, J.: The four pillars of sustainable urban transportation. Transp. Rev. **25**(4), 393–414 (2005)

23. Song, X.: The potential impacts of climate change on transportation systems. In: CICTP 2020, pp. 4609–4619 (2020)

24. Banister, D.: Cities, mobility and climate change. J. Transp. Geogr. **19**(6), 1538–1546 (2011)

25. Saravanakumar, M., SuganthaLakshmi, T.: Social media marketing. Life Sci. J. **9**(4), 4444–4451 (2012)

26. Venzke, S.: Social media marketing. Datenschutz und Datensicherheit - DuD **35**(6), 387–392 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11623-011-0096-9

27. Piasecki, J., Waligora, M., Dranseika, V.: Google search as an additional source in systematic reviews. Sci. Eng. Ethics **24**(2), 809–810 (2018)