# OneWater Data: towards a national FAIR water data platform and community

Hervé Squividant, Sylvain Grellet, Isabelle Braud, Mario Adam, Kim Anh Trinh, Fanny Arnaud, Brice Boudevillain, Hélène Bressan, Véronique Chaffard, Charly Coussot, et al.

► To cite this version:

Hervé Squividant, Sylvain Grellet, Isabelle Braud, Mario Adam, Kim Anh Trinh, et al. OneWater Data: towards a national FAIR water data platform and community. 3rd OZCAR TERENO Conference, TERENO and OZCAR networks, Sep 2025, Paris, France. hal-05377329

HAL Id: hal-05377329

https://hal.science/hal-05377329v1

Submitted on 21 Nov 2025

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Distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License
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RÉPUBLIQUE
FRANÇAISE

Liberté
Égalité
Fraternité

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FRANCE

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PROGRAMME
DE RECHERCHE

ONEWATER -
EAU BIEN COMMUN

anr®

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Géosciences pour une Terre durable

brgm

INRAE

# OneWater Data: towards a national FAIR water data platform and community

## 01/10/2025- OZCAR TERENO International Conference

H.Squividant¹, S.Grellet², I.Braud³, M.Adam⁴, K-A. Trinh¹¹, F.Arnaud⁵,
B.Boudevillain⁶, H.Bressan², V.Chaffard⁷, C.Coussot⁸, S.Debard⁹,
J.Fozzani², S.Laloeuf-Blanchard², Y.Le Bras¹⁰, E.Lecaudé¹,
K.Maussang¹¹, F. Moine⁵, S.Ollagnier², A.Puissant¹², J.Sudre¹³,
L.Valarcher²,and others onboarding

¹Institut Agro, ²BRGM, ³INRAE/RiverLy, ⁴INRAE/SAS, ⁵EUR H2O'Lyon, ⁶UGA/IGE, ⁷IRD/IGE, ⁸IRD/OSUG, ⁹IRD, ¹⁰Data Terra/PNDB, ¹¹U.Montpellier, ¹²Data Terra/Theia, ¹³Data Terra

OneWater
Eau Bien Commun

PEPR Exploratoire co-led by Agathe Euzen (CNRS), Alain Dupuy (BRGM), Thibault Datry (INRAE)

Référence ANR-22-PEXO-0009

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Ifremer

URD

Institut de Recherche
pour le Développement
FRANCE

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METEO
FRANCE

université
de BORDEAUX

UGA

Université
Grenoble Alpes

Université Claude Bernard

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Lyon 1

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UNIVERSITÉ DE
RENNES 1

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Université

de Strasbourg

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Université
Fédérale

Toulouse
Midi-Pyrénées
OneWater overview

* Project context is at the end of this presentation after the conclusion

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# FAIR for Water Ecosystem: why is it important?

## DATA: BY THE NUMBERS

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For our domain colleagues to do their real work

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# Why moving towards a FAIR water ecosystem?

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- Science: research reproducibility, discovery, access, reuse of data & codes

- IT: not reinventing standards (ex: how to exchange a timeseries)

⇒ Rationalization of technologies (less technical debt), methods, recruited profiles and training

⇒ Save of time & money, coherence

- Public monitoring: enable cross boundaries work

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# Why moving towards a FAIR water ecosystem?

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- Science: research reproducibility, discovery, access, reuse of data & codes

- IT: not reinventing standards (ex: how to exchange a timeseries)

⇒ Rationalization of technologies (less technical debt), methods, recruited profiles and training

⇒ Save of time & money, coherence

- Public monitoring: enable cross boundaries work

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- Many barriers to FAIR

- Silos approaches > Inconsistencies in data & code exchange

- Within & between administrative levels

- Also within organizations information system parts

⇒ Risks of miss-interpretations thus un-informed decisions

⇒ Need for tons of converters across systems

⇒ Loss of time and money (often hidden costs)

⇒ No Virtual Research Environment, Digital Twins/Shadows, AI, Data Spaces dynamically connected to data
# How to progress towards this FAIR ecosystem?

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# Our methodology - FAIR Factory

* Factory blueprint

* Specifications for FAIR principles and interoperability practices

* English version [available](#), fed Water4All similar exercise (available soon)

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Spécifications des principes FAIR et des pratiques d'interopérabilité à mettre en œuvre dans l'architecture

**OneWater**
Eau Bien Commun

La définition d'une vision commune et partagée de la compréhension des principes FAIR est cruciale et ce des l'amont du projet afin que l'architecture du système soit intégrée d'emb勒 les principes FAIR plutôt que de les ajouter comme une surcouche à l'intégration des ressources numériques dans le système.

Ce document sera mis à jour au regard des évolutions de la plateforme, des besoins et pratiques (FAIR compriis) qui ne marqueront pas d'arrêt en 8 ans.

**Document information**

<table><tr><td>Document Licence</td><td>CC-BY-4.0</td></tr><tr><td>Language</td><td>French</td></tr><tr><td>Authors</td><td>S. Grellet, S. Laloëuf-Blanchard, M. Adam, F. Arnaud, I. Braud, H. Breissan, V. Chaffard, C. Couret, A. Dubreuil, K. Maussang, H. Squidant, Y. Le Bras, J. Sudre, C. Pichot, L. Valarcher, J. Fozzani</td></tr><tr><td>Contact</td><td>S.Grellet@bram.fr</td></tr><tr><td>Date of creation</td><td>03/06/2024</td></tr><tr><td>Last updated date</td><td>20/12/2024</td></tr><tr><td>Date of submission to the ANR</td><td>23/12/2024</td></tr><tr><td>Version</td><td>1.1</td></tr></table>

**Project information**

<table><tr><td>Title</td><td>OneWater Data: PC8 of PEPR OneWater</td></tr><tr><td>Start Date</td><td>ANR-22-PEXO-0009</td></tr><tr><td>End Date</td><td>01/07/2023</td></tr><tr><td>End Date</td><td>30/06/2033</td></tr></table>

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ITEC, Le projet OneWater DATA repose un financement de FANR, contrat attribué d'aidé en ANR-22-PEXO-0009

L2 120

FAIR for Water: specifications for FAIR principles and interoperability practices in the field of Water

Water4All C.4.3 team - June 2025

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Co-funded by
the European Union

Ex : F2. DATA ARE DESCRIBED WITH RICH METADATA

## Recommandations

- Metadata describing the dataset => ISO 19115 or W3C:DCAT

- Documenting the dataset itself => data models (UML, ontology)

- Scientific metadata such as documenting observations
  ⇒ ISO 19156/OGC Observations, Measurements and Samples
  ⇒ or W3C:SSN/SOSA

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* Specifications for the FAIRness analysis grid

<table><thead><tr><th>FAIR principles</th><th>Description</th><th>Reminder of the criterion defined in the OneWater project</th><th>Data (◎◎◎)</th><th>Comment</th><th>Metadata (◎◎◎)</th><th>Comment</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td rowspan="2">FINDABLE</td><td>F1: (Meta)data are assigned globally unique and persistent identifiers</td><td>To meet criterion F1, PC8 will work to assign HTTP URIs to each digital object as far as possible. The domain name and the naming rule will be defined according to the level of detail concerned and the type of digital object.</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>F2: Data are described with</td><td colspan="5">•For "metadata" describing the datasets, their</td></tr></tbody></table>

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OneWater
Eau Bien Commun
# Our methodology - FAIR Factory

* Support action

* FAIR-Grid in actions on data

* Example 1: French hydrologic network BD Carthage

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<table><tr><td rowspan="3">INTEROPERABLE</td><td>I1 : Données et métadonnées utilisant un langage formel, accessible, partagé et largement applicable pour la représentation des connaissances</td><td>le PC8 formalisera la connaissance sur les objets numériques en utilisant des descriptions formelles en UML et en ontologies (OWL ou SKOS).</td><td>Smiley</td></tr><tr><td>I2 : Données et métadonnées utilisant des vocabulaires suivant eux-mêmes les principes FAIR</td><td>Pour atteindre le critère I2 et en complément de l'approche déjà décrite pour atteindre le critère I1, le PC8 contribuera à la dynamique pour rendre les standards préexistants FAIR dans son périmètre d'activité (eau et modèles concernés)</td><td>Smiley</td></tr><tr><td>I3 : Données et métadonnées contenant des liens vers d'autres (méta)données</td><td>Les choix de modélisation faits par le PC8 (F2, I1 et I2) et d'utilisation d'HTTP d'URI permettront d'atteindre le critère I3. Une attention sera également portée pour relier les vocabulaires contrôlés autant que possible, aussi bien en lien internes que vers des vocabulaires contrôlés externes. Les alignements formels entre ontologies et vocabulaires seront également formalisés</td><td>Smiley</td></tr></table>

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Findable

Accessible

Interoperable

Reusable

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# Our methodology - FAIR Factory

* Support action

* FAIR-Grid in actions on data (tl;dr; version)

* Ex 2 : French ground water levels observations

ad'hoc semantics and API => 🚗 pushed to SensorThings API

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* Ex 3 : French surface water levels & flow

ad'hoc semantics and API => 🚗 pushed to SensorThings API

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* Ex 4 : French Digital Elevation Model

coverage data not available through FAIR coverage API

=> 🚗 WCS deployment

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# Our methodology - FAIR Water training

* Training

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* Joint work setting up a coherent framework

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WMO

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OGC®
Making location count.

* EU Water4All
Water security for the planet

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* France

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DATA::
TERRA

* Research Infrastructure/GaiaData

* OneWater
Eau Bien Commun

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# Our methodology – FAIR Data services

## Geospatial data FAIR service

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WMS

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WFS

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WCS

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## Observation FAIR service

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SensorThings

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STEAN

SensorThings Enhanced API Node

## Spatiotemporal cubes FAIR service

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EDR

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Support to open-source implementations of FAIR Standards
a way of work: € and direct contribution to tools

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# Our methodology – other support to open-source

* Metadata

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* Client

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QGIS native support for SensorThings API

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MViewer web mapping application with native support for SensorThings API

* Workflow

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Galaxy PROJECT

Virtual Research Environment

Support to open-source implementations of FAIR Standards
a way of work: € and direct contribution to tools

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OneWater
Eau Bien Commun
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# Our methodology - FAIR Factory

## In action

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VRE Virtual Research Environment

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domain colleagues to do their real work
# A FAIR Factory providing FAIR building blocks

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# A FAIR Factory providing FAIR building blocks

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PROGRAMME
DE RECHERCHE

ONWATER -
FAU BIFN COMMUN

Etc...
# A FAIR Factory providing FAIR building blocks

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PROGRAMME
DE RECHERCHE

ONPWATER -
FAU RIFN COMMUN

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A running example

Running the TNT2 model: a distributed
model to compute nitrate contamination

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On each plot:
Cropping succession,
Intercropping,
Doses and types of nitrogen
applied,
Sowing and harvesting dates
Fertilization

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# A running example

## BEFORE, how did we do it? 6 months minimum

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A running example

NOW, just a few
minutes thanks
to FAIR data &
processes

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OGC standard services

SAFRAN, Agri4cast

Sols de Bretagne

BD Topage

MNTSurf processes

Graphical plot register

Nitrogen flow declaration

Hub'Eau

SIMFEN processes

...
# Conclusion

* It works!

* There is no technical blocking element

* It's just a matter of doing, linking FAIR people together

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# Objectives of the OneWater program

* OneWater: a 10-year program to enhance innovation in water research and management (Priority Research Programs and Infrastructures) (53 M€)

* Several projects producing heterogeneous data on water

* 6 scientific challenges to improve water management, including one challenge about water data sharing

⇒ OneWater Data: the project dedicated to the OneWater data sharing platform

⇒ Objective: build a more integrated water environment for research & public organization monitoring data to produce and share data following FAIR principles

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# Integration in the (inter)national ecosystem

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OneWater
Eau Bien Commun
# Integration in the (inter)national ecosystem

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Ambition : to foster a truly FAIR Water Data exchange in Europe via a FAIR Water Data Platform

* Involved teams are partly the same

* Integration in working groups of international initiatives such as OGC HydroDWG, RDA GWIIG, WMO, UNEP or UNESCO working groups

* Shared common Use Cases

=> This ensures the teams share the same FAIR philosophy and consistency between developments

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RESEARCH DATA ALLIANCE

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WMO

UN
environment
programme

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UNESCO
Intergovernmental
Hydrological Programme

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IGRAC

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OneWater
Eau Bien Commun
Thank you

OneWater
Eau Bien Commun

s.grellet@brgm.fr
herve.squividant@institut-agro.fr

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Are you too busy to improve?

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