# Comparative study between the energy information system and the energy management system according to ISO 50001

Ebagninin Séraphin Kouaho, Yao N'Guessan, Christophe Marvillet

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Ebagninin Séraphin Kouaho, Yao N'Guessan, Christophe Marvillet. Comparative study between the energy information system and the energy management system according to ISO 50001. 2023. hal-04354708

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# COMPARATIVE STUDY BETWEEN THE ENERGY INFORMATION SYSTEM AND THE ENERGY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM ACCORDING TO ISO 50001.

Séraphin Ebagninin **KOUAHO**ª, Yao N'GUESSANᵇ, Christophe MARVILLETᶜ

## Summary:

The Energy Information System (EIS) makes it possible to respond to operational needs automatically and facilitates operation and regular monitoring of the situation of daily energy consumption. It can also serve as a support, communication and information channel for the Energy Management System (EMS), and the stakeholders (Energy Manager, Energy Referent, SEA - Shared Energy Advisor, and / or the Decision Makers...). In other words, the EIS plays a facilitating role in the implementation of the EMS and especially in identifying the scope of certification of the ISO 50001 standard.

On the other hand, the Energy Management System (EMS) is a management and steering system that helps organizations identify action levers on energy sources, through the implementation of processes and plan continuous improvements. It is a real "taking charge" of the energy position within the body.

This study was the subject of a comparative, explanatory and statistical evaluation approach, based on the criteria of definition, objective, functionality, role or set of correlated elements (organizational structure, roles and responsibilities, planning, functioning of the organization, policy) of the ISO 50001 standard and supplemented by other criteria specific to the two Systems (EIS and EMS).

The comparative study carried out in this article between the Energy Information System (EIS) and the Energy Management System (EMS) shows a link or complementarity of 40%, depending on the EIS position in relation to the elements of the EMS process, and that the latter has a facilitator function in the implementation of the EMS according to the ISO 50001 standard.

**Keywords:** "Energy Information System", "ISO 50001", "Energy Management System", Energy

## Contents

1. Introduction .................................................... 1

2. Methodology .................................................... 2

3. Result............................................................ 2

3.1. Energy Information System (EIS) ......... 2

3.2. Energy Management System (EMS) .... 4

3.3. Comparative tables of the different concepts or approaches of the two systems ......... 5

3.4. Positioning of the EIS in relation to the EMS 7

4. Discussion .................................................... 8

5. Conclusion.................................................... 10

6. Perspective .................................................... 10

7. References .................................................... 10

## 1. Introduction

As part of the energy and climate policy of the Evreux Porte de Normandie (EPN) commune, which includes 74 municipalities, the commune's general management decided to implement efficient energy management to reduce its energy consumption.

This efficient energy management is the implementation of an Energy Management System (EMS) according to the ISO 50001 standard in a pilot municipality in the EPN conurbation. However, it suffers from a lack of awareness of the complexity of energy management in organizations with a large number of assets.

Energy management is a complex and time-consuming subject for local authorities, according to Aymard Caroline of "DeltaConso Expert". This is because their assets are disparate in terms of use and performance, with a multitude of sites to manage and many regular or occasional users [1]. All these problems make it difficult to collect energy data from different sources in a heterogeneous environment.

<footnote>ªResearch Engineer, LAFSET, CNAM, Paris France - UMRI 18, INP-HB, Yamoussoukro, Côte d'Ivoire</footnote>

<footnote>ᵇSenior Lecturer in engineering science at INP-HB, UMRI 18, Yamoussoukro, Côte d'Ivoire</footnote>

<footnote>ᶜ, LAFSET Laboratory, Paris, France</footnote>

<footnote>Email: ebagninin.kouaho@lecnam.net</footnote>
However, in its approach to energy data
collection as part of an energy audit, the ISO 50001
standard recommends, in paragraphs "6.6. *Planning
for energy data collection*" and "9.1. *Monitoring,
measurement, analysis and evaluation of energy
performance and the EMS* ", the metering system
method, which groups together a set of devices for
measuring, recording and analyzing energy
performance.

But, when the data is collected in an
automated manner and used by energy management
software, the term "Energy Management
Information System" (EMIS) is preferred to
"metering system". And the term ISEM (Information
System and Energy Management) or EIS (Energy
Information System) is sometimes preferred to
EMIS in a fully equivalent manner, according to the
Technical Energy Environment Association (ATEE)
[2]. And in *Natural Resources Canada* 's guide and
planning tool, the term ISEM stands for
"Information System on Energy Management" [3].

For GIMELEC [4], the Energy Information
System (EIS) is similar to the Energy Management
System (EMS), with a more developed or elaborate
data collection function.

In view of these elements of approach or
understanding, we note the use of different
terminologies to talk about energy management with
the same objective around an approach of continuous
improvement of energy performance. In this case,
how can these terminologies be reconciled with
improving energy performance?

In this article, we provide some elements of
clarification between the Energy Information
System (EIS) and the Energy Management System
(EMS) through a comparative study. In other words,
it is a question of highlighting the objective and
functional epistemological difference as well as by
definition and process, between the Energy
Information System (EIS) and the Energy
Management System (EMS). This comparative
approach will also be supplemented by an
explanatory and statistical evaluation approach.

The aim is to understand the objectives and
the role that the EIS plays in relation to the EMS.
This understanding could accelerate the
implementation of the ISO 50001 standard in
organizations with significant assets, such as certain
communities, to promote an environmental impact
(by reducing the carbon footprint and preserving
energy), economic (by reducing energy bill), human
and social (through tools for involving and managing
internal teams around a community project based on
concrete actions).

## 2. Methodology

The comparative study is essentially based on
four sets of comparative elements: the definition and
objectives of the two systems, the correlated
elements (organizational structure, roles and

responsibilities, planning, organization operation,
policy) of the EMS, as well as other elements of
analysis of the two systems, and the positioning of
the EIS in relation to the elements of the EMS
process. In order to consolidate the definitions of the
terms "Energy Information System" and "Energy
Management System", we used about thirty
scientific and engineering literature, as well as
encyclopedias and dissertations. This literature also
enabled us to draw up a conceptual diagram of the
Energy Information System (EIS) flows and to use
that of the continuous improvement process of the
Energy Management System (EMS) in accordance
with ISO 50001.

Given the importance and the stakes of this
study, we carefully carried out analyses based on an
evaluation protocol defined by the characteristics of
definition, objective, function, role and/or principle
of the two systems. These analyses were
supplemented by the study of the four sets of
comparative elements of the Energy Management
System (EMS) in relation to the Energy Information
System (EIS) to carry out a qualitative analysis of
duality of all points elements to compare. Each
element of comparison was analyzed objectively,
based on an understanding of the meaning given by
the standard, scientific and engineering literature, as
well as with Cartesian logic, to know if it was an
element of differentiation or complementarity
between both systems.

## 3. Result

### 3.1. *Energy Information System (EIS)*

A first approach to Energy Information
Systems (EIS) for buildings is defined as
performance monitoring software, data acquisition
hardware, and communication systems used to store,
analyse, and display building energy data [5].

Public Services and Procurement Canada
refers to Information Systems on Energy
Management (ISEM) as a system that provides
relevant information and helps to make energy
performance visible to employees and key
departments in the organization, enabling them to
take concrete actions intended to create financial
value for the organization. [3].

According to the GIMELEC presentation, the
GIMELEC Energy Information System enables the
collection and analysis of consumption data and
facilitates the daily management of energy and fluids
[4].

The Energy Information System is therefore
an organization, an operation and a set of resources
 material, software, data, procedures, human, etc.),
structured and unstructured, that allows to
automatically collect, store, memorize and process
energy data into information in order to make it
available (in the form of data, texts, sounds, images,
etc.) to disseminate it within and between
organizations.
The objective of the Energy Information System (EIS) is to collect all the energy performances, both specific and global, internal and external to the organization, in order to provide the right information, at the right time, on the right support (screen, smartphone, etc.), to the right people who can analyze, decide, act and evaluate the results. We immediately see one of the main roles of the EIS: that of automatically centralizing the data collected from several heterogeneous energy-consuming systems.

In other words, the basic objective of an Energy Information System (EIS) is to provide information, especially statistical information that allows knowledge and regular monitoring of the organization's energy consumption situation.

The functionalities of the EIS are based on four conceptual dimensions, namely:

* **The Functional dimension:** its main activities are to produce, promote and disseminate energy data; but also and above all to develop a map of the organization's heritage and energy consumed.

* **The Human Dimension:** The actors in the human dimension of the Energy Information System are characterized by the actors in the project phase, the actors in the operational phase and the asset manager.

* **The Organizational dimension:** it is characterized by the definition of the governance and the design of an urbanization of energy data for the construction of an architecture of the Energy Information System.

* **The Technological dimension:** it presents the Energy Information System as the support for the collection, processing, storage and dissemination of energy data in a cycle of data processing and management processes.

The Energy Information System (EIS) enables the daily operational needs to be met. It is linked through integration to the organization's information system and performance indicators, as well as to users through communication tools. It automatically centralizes various available information related to energy, which can be taken into account at the level of an "energy" metering plan and all the energy performances of all types of assets (buildings, transportation, public lighting, green spaces, ...) of the organization or community [6].

The Energy Information System (EIS) is the support and the communication channel between the Energy Management System (EMS), the Energy Operating System (EOS) and the outside of the organization or community. This communication channel is represented as follows (see figure 1 below):

* The Energy Management System (EMS) transmits general information to the Energy Operating System (EOS) through the Energy Information System (EIS).

* The EIS collects, stores and processes basic information from the EOS, inputs energy information flows and transforms them into decision information for the EMS and/or disseminates the energy information to the partners of the organization or community.

* Finally, the EOS produces basic information and executes the orders of the EMS.

<figure><img src="image_2.png" /><figcaption>Figure 1: Energy Information System Flow</figcaption></figure>
## 3.2. Energy Management System (EMS)

The term “Energy Management” has different meanings to different people and context in different fields.

The Verein Deutscher Ingénieur (VDI)-Guideline 4602 (2007) [7] provides a standard definition of energy management: “Energy management is the proactive, organized and systematic coordination of procurement, conversion, distribution and use of energy to meet the requirements, taking into account environmental and economic objectives”. Turner (2004) [7] defines it as the judicious use of energy to accomplish prescribed goals. Energy management is also a real “taking charge” of the energy position within the organization. It is not a matter of a machine or of highly sophisticated equipment, but above all of an entire organization, made up of decisions, objectives, methods, skills, behavior and motivation: a matter of men and women, of a team [8].

This leads us to believe that the term energy management has different meanings depending on the author or actor. For example, some believe that energy management is “the effective and efficient use of energy to reduce energy consumption and minimize costs”. For others, energy management is generally defined as a set of activities aimed at managing the efficient and judicious use of energy to achieve prescribed objectives.

According to the ISO 50001 standard, “An energy management system (EMS) is the set of

correlated or interacting elements of an organization used to establish an energy policy, objectives, and processes to achieve those energy objectives”.

In other words, we note that “The Energy Management System is a system aimed to establish an energy policy, objectives, energy targets, action plans and one or more processes to achieve these objectives and energy targets” according to ISO 50001[9].

And the EMS aims to continually improve energy performance to reduce consumption and therefore costs. It is also a management and control system that helps organizations to measure their energy consumption in detail, identify levers for action and plan improvements.

Based on the functions of management, we could say that the Energy Management System focuses on the following four functions: Steer, i.e. to set goals for the organization and control them; Organize, by distributing and coordinating the work of your teams; Animate, by mobilizing individuals around common goals; Lead, by making decisions to achieve goals.

However, in the context of the ISO 50001 standard, the energy management system is based on the functionalities of the set of correlated elements, which are presented as follows:

<table><tr><td>Energy policy to manage</td><td><ul><li>Commitment, objectives and resource allocation (means and responsibilities)</li></ul></td></tr><tr><td>Implementation and operation to be organized</td><td><ul><li>Process for identifying opportunities for improvement, benchmarks, energy audits.</li><li>Prioritization and action planning</li></ul></td></tr><tr><td>Review that needs to be animated</td><td><ul><li>Investment,</li><li>Implementing new solutions</li></ul></td></tr><tr><td>Planning to lead</td><td><ul><li>Measuring progress,</li><li>Communicating the approach,</li><li>Management review of the achievement of objectives,</li><li>Correction of objectives and actions</li></ul></td></tr></table>

The EMS according to the ISO 50001 standard is based on the model defined in the diagram in Figure 2 which describes the flow of the

process of continuous improvement of energy performance, including efficiency, uses and energy consumption of the body.
<figure><img src="image_3.png" /><figcaption>Figure 2: EMS PDCA continuous improvement process flow</figcaption></figure>

### 3.3. Comparative tables of the different concepts or approaches of the two systems

Our comparative study of the Energy Information System (EIS) and the Energy Management System (EMS) is carried out according

to the criteria of definition, objective, role of correlated elements of the ISO 50001 standard or other elements of comparison. Each element is analysed according to the identified characteristics of the corresponding systems.

<table><caption>Table 1: Elements for comparing the definition and objectives of the two systems</caption><thead><tr><td>Elements of comparison</td><td>EMS</td><td>EIS</td><td>Analysis</td></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>Definition</td><td>System aimed to establish an energy policy, objectives, energy targets, action plans and one or more processes to achieve these objectives and energy targets.</td><td>System aimed at organizing and operating a set of resources (material, software, data, procedures, people, etc.) structured and unstructured allowing to automatically collect, store, memorize, process energy data into information in order to make it available (in the form of data, texts, sounds, images, etc.) to disseminate it within and between organizations</td><td>DIFF<fnref n="1" /></td></tr><tr><td>Objectives</td><td>Optimize energy performance.</td><td>Energy data generation and dissemination</td><td>DIFF</td></tr></tbody></table>

<table><thead><tr><td>Correlated elements of comparison</td><td>EMS</td><td>EIS</td><td>Analysis</td></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>Organizational Structure</td><td>This term refers to the hierarchical framework that defines an energy policy.</td><td>This term refers to the hierarchical framework that defines an internal department or work organization for its EIS.</td><td>DIFF</td></tr><tr><td>Roles and Responsibilities</td><td>An energy officer is appointed by the management to set up an energy team to establish and maintain the management system. He/she is responsible for the proper monitoring of the EMS.</td><td>A project manager is appointed by management to set up and implement a technical and organizational platform for the production and dissemination of energy data.</td><td>DIFF</td></tr></tbody></table>

<footnote n="1">¹ DIFF: The elements of the comparison represent different concepts, approaches or scope of the two systems.</footnote>
<table><caption>Table 2: Elements of comparison on the correlated elements of the two systems</caption><tr><td>Planning</td><td>This term refers to:<ul><li>Energy diagnosis,</li><li>Energy saving potential,</li><li>the determination of Significant Energy Uses (SEU),</li><li>the definition of the Energy Performance Indicators (EPI) for each SEU,</li><li>the action plan.</li></ul></td><td>This term refers to:<ul><li>the inventory of the organization's heritage and the energy used,</li><li>to the study and the technical and organizational platform dedicated to the production and dissemination of energy data</li></ul></td><td>DIFF</td></tr><tr><td>Organization Functioning</td><td>The organization defines energy performance targets to be achieved.</td><td>The organization defines the energy data and performance to be made available to decision makers.</td><td>DIFF</td></tr><tr><td>Energy Policy</td><td>Formal expression by the management of the intentions, general orientations and commitments regarding the energy performance of an organization.</td><td>Formal expression by the Information Systems Department to translate the commitments of the General Management regarding energy performance.</td><td>DIFF</td></tr></table>

<table><caption>Table 3: Elements of comparison on the other elements of analysis of the two systems</caption><thead><tr><th>Other elements of comparison</th><th>EMS</th><th>EIS</th><th>Analysis</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>Energy targets</td><td>Significant Energy Uses (SEU)</td><td>All heritage and SEU</td><td>DIFF</td></tr><tr><td>Reference Energy Situations (RES)</td><td>There are quantified benchmarks that serve as a basis for comparing performance</td><td>There are quantified references that serve as a basis for comparing performance and energy consumption.</td><td>DIFF</td></tr><tr><td>Energy performance indicators (EPI)</td><td>It is a measure defined by the organization on a more limited scope</td><td>It is a measure defined by the organization, over a wider area of application.</td><td>DIFF</td></tr><tr><td>Internal audits</td><td>It is an independent and objective activity to provide assurance on the level of control of its activities within a defined scope.</td><td>It is an independent and objective activity to ensure the level of control of its technical operations and energy data flows.</td><td>DIFF</td></tr><tr><td>Purchasing process</td><td>To improve energy performance</td><td>To monitor energy performance.</td><td>DIFF</td></tr></tbody></table>
Another observation from the study is that the scope of the EIS is broader than that of the EMS (see Figure 3).

<figure><img src="image_4.png" /><figcaption>Figure 3: Scope of EIS and EMS</figcaption></figure>

### 3.4. Positioning of the EIS in relation to the EMS

The study of the positioning of the Energy Information System (EIS) in relation to the Energy Management System (EMS) is carried out on the

basis of the role that the EIS plays in the elements of the EMS process. Each element of the process is analyzed according to its need to request or use the functionalities of the EIS.

EIS role, in relation to the continuous improvement process, Plan Do Check Act, of the EMS.

<table><thead><tr><td>Elements of the process</td><td>EMS role</td><td>EIS role</td><td>Analysis</td></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>Energy policy</td><td>General Management defines commitments, objectives and resource allocations.</td><td>The EIS provides management with the right energy information at the right time to define energy policy.</td><td>EIS DR<sup>2</sup></td></tr><tr><td>Energy planning</td><td>The action plans are:<ul><li>Energy diagnosis,</li><li>Definition of energy saving potential,</li><li>Definition of SEU,</li><li>Definition of Energy Performance Indicators (EPI) on each SEU,</li><li>An action plan is developed to achieve the energy objectives in accordance with the energy strategy defined by the management.</li></ul></td><td>The EIS provides energy consumption data during the initial energy diagnosis to create an inventory of the different stations.<br>It also makes it easy to identify SEU and energy saving potential, and to automate, store and communicate on EPIs.<br>The EIS serves as a function and support for collecting, storing and processing energy data to develop the action plan and communicate.</td><td>EIS DR</td></tr><tr><td>Implementation and operation</td><td>These are the following actions:<ul><li>Process of researching possible improvements, benchmarks, energy audits,</li><li>Prioritizing and planning actions,</li><li>Implementing monitoring of the effectiveness of action plans.</li></ul></td><td>The EIS provides, through a database, structured data, for the search for possible improvements, benchmarks, energy audits.</td><td>EIS DR</td></tr><tr><td>Management review</td><td>An evaluation of the effectiveness of the action plans will be carried out, with guidelines based on the energy performance to be achieved.</td><td>The EIS is not directly required</td><td>EIS NR<sup>3</sup></td></tr></tbody></table>

<footnote n="2">² EIS DR: EIS Directly Requested by the elements of the EMS process</footnote>

<footnote n="3">³ EIS NR: EIS Not directly Requested by elements of the EMS process</footnote>
<table><caption>Table 4: Positioning of the elements of the EMS process in relation to the EIS</caption><tr><td>Verification</td><td>The actions taken are measured, controlled and monitored: check and act</td><td>The EIS plays a supporting role in the collection, storage, processing, control and communication of energy performance data.</td><td>EIS DR</td></tr><tr><td>Monitoring, measurement and analysis</td><td>Monitoring of measurable results of energy efficiency or energy consumption related to energy use, compared to the reference energy situation.</td><td>The EIS serves as a channel to provide the EMS with measurable results of energy efficiency related to energy use compared to the reference energy situation.</td><td>EIS DR</td></tr><tr><td>Non-compliance, correction, corrective and preventive actions</td><td>It is:<ul><li>Checking or verifying the fulfilment or non-fulfilment of a documented requirement,</li><li>Carry out actions aimed at eliminating the cause of non-compliance and preventing it from recurring</li></ul></td><td>The EIS includes the provision of energy consumption data and EPIs to energy stakeholders to analyze compliance or non-compliance with normative requirements.</td><td>EIS DR</td></tr><tr><td>EMS internal audit</td><td>Internal controls of the EMS are planned at regular intervals to ensure compliance with normative requirements, energy objectives and targets defined via the energy strategy; Ensure that the EMS is properly implemented and maintained</td><td>The EIS provides information for the internal audit of the EMS to ensure compliance with normative requirements, energy objectives and targets defined in the energy strategy.</td><td>EIS DR</td></tr></table>

## Evaluation of the EIS & EMS benchmarking study

<table><caption>Table 5: Evaluation of the EIS & EMS benchmarking study</caption><thead><tr><th rowspan="2"></th><th colspan="3">EMS / EIS</th></tr><tr><th>DIFF</th><th>EIS DR</th><th>EIS NR</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>Elements of comparison on the definition and objectives of the two systems</td><td>2</td><td>0</td><td>0</td></tr><tr><td>Elements of comparison on the correlated elements of the two systems</td><td>5</td><td>0</td><td>0</td></tr><tr><td>Elements of comparison on the other elements of the analysis of the two systems</td><td>5</td><td>0</td><td>0</td></tr><tr><td>Positioning of the elements of the EMS process in relation to the EIS</td><td>0</td><td>7</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td>Total observed results:</td><td>12</td><td>7</td><td>1</td></tr></tbody></table>

**DIFF**: The elements of comparison represent different concepts, approaches or scope of the two systems.

**EIS DR**: EIS Directly Required by the elements of the EMS process.

**EIS NR**: EIS Not directly Requested by elements of the EMS process.

## 4. Discussion

The comparative study, based on the criteria of definition, objective, function, role of the set of correlated elements of the ISO 50001 standard or other elements of analysis, and complemented by the positioning of the EIS in relation to the elements of the EMS process, seems to show us different partitions, characterized by notions, approaches or by the field of application of the two systems, as well

as in their functioning. It has also allowed us to observe a complementarity between the two systems: the EIS is directly or indirectly called upon by the elements of the EMS process as part of an operational implementation of the EMS.

Out of about twenty elements of comparison, we observed about a dozen differences in the functioning of the two systems, i.e. 60% autonomy, where the EMS can operate without the EIS. And
40% representing the dependence of the EMS on the EIS. This shows that each system has a defined role in an organization, with different predominance.

According to the Energy Information System flow in Figure 1, we can see that the Energy Information System (EIS) is the support and communication channel between the Energy Management System (EMS), the Energy Operating System (EOS) and the outside of the body. This communication channel allows the Energy Management System (EMS) to transmit general information to the Energy Operating System (EOS) through the Energy Information System (EIS). The EIS collects, stores, and processes basic information from the EOS, receives energy information streams, and transforms them into decision information for the EMS and/or disseminates the energy information to the organization's end users or partners. Finally, the EOS produces basic information and executes the orders of the EMS. Thus, the Energy Information System (EIS) makes it possible to meet the operational needs of energy consumption among stakeholders (Energy Manager, Energy Referent, Shared Energy Advisor (SEA) and/or Decision Makers, etc.). It is linked by integration to the organization's information system and performance indicators, allowing end users to monitor or diagnose energy consumption in real time using communication tools.

The EIS also makes it possible to automatically exploit all energy data and find what is important to improve efficiency, facilitate daily management, enhance investments, reduce operating costs, monitor and optimize contracts, unite and raise awareness, evolve easily, prepare for certification, etc. It can provide an overview of energy consumption on sites and its distribution during the energy audit; because its scope extends to the organization's heritage. This could justify the selection of Significant Energy Uses (SEU) of the organization's assets.

As part of an energy review, the EIS can also identify the areas of potential energy savings and prioritize the potential for overall and specific improvement to complete the analysis of the Significant Energy Uses and constitute a certification area for the EMS.

The Energy Management System (EMS), according to the ISO 50001 standard, shows us a flow process of continuous improvement of energy consumption, based on a set of correlated elements of the requirements of the said standard. This flow process is defined in several phases, namely: carrying out an energy management review; defining the energy policy and planning; organizing the implementation and operation of the EMS; managing the monitoring, verification, measurement and analysis of energy solutions; also checking non-compliance, corrections, corrective and preventive actions, as well as the internal audit of the EMS.

This energy management and control helps organizations to measure their energy consumption in detail, identify levers for action through process implementation and plan improvements. This provides a structuring framework for the organization. Because energy management involves making decisions, implementing methods, modifying uses in the direction of the same energy policy, etc.

With a focus on equipment and Significant Energy Uses (SEU), the EMS can improve energy efficiency, reduce overall energy consumption and protect against rising energy prices. This increase is due to the peak electrical loads that can be observed in an energy information system. It also makes it possible to comply with legal requirements, strengthen the competitiveness of the organization and obtain certification according to the ISO 50001 standard.

The comparative study also showed us that the main similarities between the Energy Information System (EIS) and the Energy Management System (EMS) lie in the fact that both systems remain structured and structuring in an important heritage environment. Where energy management is a complex and time-consuming subject.

On the other hand, the significant differences of the two systems are found in the notions or approach of the elements of comparison described in the table numbers 1 to 5. These are the elements of comparison on the definition and objectives, on the correlated elements of the EMS and other elements of analysis of the two systems.

In summary, the Energy Information System (EIS) is of particular interest to the Energy Management System (EMS). This is because it is positioned as a system linked or complementary to the EMS, capable of performing the following functions:

* To play a facilitating role in the implementation of the EMS and, above all, to identify the certification scope of the ISO 50001 standard,

* Serve as a support, communication and information channel for the EMS and stakeholders,

* Cover asset and energy inventory management functions,

* Provide global and specific energy data for the EMS,

* Facilitate energy performance diagnostics for the EMS,

* Identify significant energy use,

* Facilitate daily management,
* Reduce operating costs.

In other words, the Energy Information System is a “Facility Management” tool or facilitator for the installation or operational implementation of the Energy Management System.

## 5. Conclusion

The comparative study between the Energy Information System and the Energy Management System according to ISO 50001 was the subject of a scientific study of the concept, approach, design and function of the two systems. This study, based on the criteria of definition, objective, functionality, role or set of correlated elements of the ISO 50001 standard and supplemented by other criteria specific to the two systems (EIS and EMS), has shown that they are related or complementary up to 40%, depending on the position of the EIS in relation to the elements of the EMS process.

The Energy Information System (EIS) makes it possible to satisfy operational needs, i.e. to automatically generate and use all the global and specific energy data in order to facilitate the diagnosis of energy performance, to identify significant energy consumption, to facilitate daily management and to reduce operating costs, etc. The EIS can also be used as a support tool. It can also serve as a support, communication and information channel for the EMS and stakeholders. In other words, it plays a facilitating role in the implementation of the EMS and especially in the identification of the certification scope of the ISO 50001 standard.

On the other hand, the Energy Management System (EMS) is a management and control system that helps organizations to measure their energy consumption in detail, to identify action levers through the implementation of processes, and to plan for continuous improvement. It is a real "taking charge" of the energy position within the body.

Compared to the Energy Management System (EMS), the comparative study carried out clearly shows that the Energy Information System (EIS) is positioned as a support tool or facilitator in the implementation of the EMS according to the ISO 50001 standard in an organization with significant assets, where energy management is a complex and time-consuming issue. Because the two systems are 40% linked or complementary, according to the comparative study.

## 6. Perspective

Advances in new equipment, new processes, and new technologies are the driving forces for improved energy management, energy efficiency, and energy cost control. However, these advances do not solve the problem of integrated management of the energy consumption of an organization with significant assets. The implementation of an Energy

Information System (EIS) integrated into an organization could be the beginning of a solution for automated energy management, such as the implementation of the Energy Management System (EMS) according to ISO 50001, by creating a software tool to identify energy saving areas and the certification scope of said standard.

## 7. References

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[2] ATEE, « Guide des logiciels de gestion énergétique ». mars 2016. Consulté le: 21 août 2022. [En ligne]. Disponible sur: https://atee.fr/efficacite-energetique/maitrise-de-lenergie/mesurer-la-consommation-denergie-audits

[3] D. générale des services intégrés Services publics et Approvisionnement Canada, *Systèmes d'information sur la gestion de l'énergie : guide et outil de planification*. Canada: Ressources naturelles Canada. Office de l'efficacité énergétique, 2010. Consulté le: 22 janvier 2023. [En ligne]. Disponible sur: https://publications.gc.ca/site/fra/9.637837/publication.html

[4] Gimélec, « Systèmes d'information énergétique : Recommandations pour les décideurs... », 6 novembre 2015. Consulté le: 14 août 2022. [En ligne]. Disponible sur: https://fr.slideshare.net/Gimelec/systèmes-d'information-nergtique

[5] « Piette et al. - 2012 - Intelligent Building Energy Information and Contro.pdf ». Consulté le: 9 octobre 2022. [En ligne]. Disponible sur: https://eta-publications.lbl.gov/sites/default/files/LBNL-5894E.pdf

[6] E. S. Kouaho, « Mise en œuvre du Système de Management de l'Energie selon la norme ISO 50001 dans une Collectivité : Cas Evreux Porte de Normandie. », Thèse Professionnelle, CESI, Rouen, 2020.

[7] O. M. Rouhani et A. Beheshtian, « Energy Management: Energy Science and Technology - Volume 12 », Stud. Press LLC USA, vol. 12, p. 26, 2015.

[8] C. CHABANEL et C. RAFFRAY - ADEME Service Communication, *Système de management de l'énergie ce sont les entreprises qui en parlent le mieux*, Agence L'Effet papillon. 2015.

[9] ISO et AFNOR, « ISO 50001:2018(en), Energy management systems — Requirements with guidance for use ». AFNOR Energies., 17 janvier 2023. Consulté le: 28 novembre 2023. [En ligne]. Disponible sur: https://www.iso.org/obp/ui/#iso:std:iso:50001:2015