# The Future of Digital Work: The Challenge of Inequality

Rajendra K. Bandi, Ranjini C. R., Stefan Klein, Shirin Madon, Eric Monteiro

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Rajendra K. Bandi, Ranjini C. R., Stefan Klein, Shirin Madon, Eric Monteiro. The Future of Digital Work: The Challenge of Inequality: IFIP WG 8.2, 9.1, 9.4 Joint Working Conference, IFIPJWC 2020, Hyderabad, India, December 10–11, 2020, Proceedings. Springer International Publishing, AICT-601, 2020, IFIP Advances in Information and Communication Technology, 978-3-030-64696-7. 10.1007/978-3-030-64697-4. hal-03450751

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Distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License
Editor-in-Chief

Kai Rannenberg, Goethe University Frankfurt, Germany

Editorial Board Members

TC 1 – Foundations of Computer Science
Luís Soares Barbosa①, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal

TC 2 – Software: Theory and Practice
Michael Goedicke, University of Duisburg-Essen, Germany

TC 3 – Education
Arthur Tatnall①, Victoria University, Melbourne, Australia

TC 5 – Information Technology Applications
Erich J. Neuhold, University of Vienna, Austria

TC 6 – Communication Systems
Burkhard Stiller, University of Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland

TC 7 – System Modeling and Optimization
Fredi Tröltzsch, TU Berlin, Germany

TC 8 – Information Systems
Jan Pries-Heje, Roskilde University, Denmark

TC 9 – ICT and Society
David Kreps①, University of Salford, Greater Manchester, UK

TC 10 – Computer Systems Technology
Ricardo Reis①, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil

TC 11 – Security and Privacy Protection in Information Processing Systems
Steven Furnell①, Plymouth University, UK

TC 12 – Artificial Intelligence
Eunika Mercier-Laurent①, University of Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Reims, France

TC 13 – Human-Computer Interaction
Marco Winckler①, University of Nice Sophia Antipolis, France

TC 14 – Entertainment Computing
Rainer Malaka, University of Bremen, Germany
# IFIP – The International Federation for Information Processing

IFIP was founded in 1960 under the auspices of UNESCO, following the first World Computer Congress held in Paris the previous year. A federation for societies working in information processing, IFIP's aim is two-fold: to support information processing in the countries of its members and to encourage technology transfer to developing nations. As its mission statement clearly states:

> IFIP is the global non-profit federation of societies of ICT professionals that aims at achieving a worldwide professional and socially responsible development and application of information and communication technologies.

IFIP is a non-profit-making organization, run almost solely by 2500 volunteers. It operates through a number of technical committees and working groups, which organize events and publications. IFIP's events range from large international open conferences to working conferences and local seminars.

The flagship event is the IFIP World Computer Congress, at which both invited and contributed papers are presented. Contributed papers are rigorously refereed and the rejection rate is high.

As with the Congress, participation in the open conferences is open to all and papers may be invited or submitted. Again, submitted papers are stringently refereed.

The working conferences are structured differently. They are usually run by a working group and attendance is generally smaller and occasionally by invitation only. Their purpose is to create an atmosphere conducive to innovation and development. Refereeing is also rigorous and papers are subjected to extensive group discussion.

Publications arising from IFIP events vary. The papers presented at the IFIP World Computer Congress and at open conferences are published as conference proceedings, while the results of the working conferences are often published as collections of selected and edited papers.

IFIP distinguishes three types of institutional membership: Country Representative Members, Members at Large, and Associate Members. The type of organization that can apply for membership is a wide variety and includes national or international societies of individual computer scientists/ICT professionals, associations or federations of such societies, government institutions/government related organizations, national or international research institutes or consortia, universities, academies of sciences, companies, national or international associations or federations of companies.

More information about this series at http://www.springer.com/series/6102
Rajendra K. Bandi · Ranjini C. R. · Stefan Klein · Shirin Madon · Eric Monteiro (Eds.)

# The Future of Digital Work: The Challenge of Inequality

IFIP WG 8.2, 9.1, 9.4 Joint Working Conference, IFIPJWC 2020
Hyderabad, India, December 10–11, 2020
Proceedings

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Springer
Editors

Rajendra K. Bandi
Indian Institute of Management Bangalore
Bangalore, India

Stefan Klein
University of Münster
Münster, Germany

Eric Monteiro
Norwegian University of Science
and Technology
Trondheim, Norway

Ranjini C. R.
Ramalingaswami Centre on Equity
and Social Determinants of Health
Bangalore, India

Shirin Madon
London School of Economics
and Political Science
London, UK

ISSN 1868-4238

ISSN 1868-422X (electronic)

IFIP Advances in Information and Communication Technology

ISBN 978-3-030-64696-7

ISBN 978-3-030-64697-4 (eBook)

https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-64697-4

© IFIP International Federation for Information Processing 2020

This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed.

The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use.

The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, expressed or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. The publisher remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

This Springer imprint is published by the registered company Springer Nature Switzerland AG
The registered company address is: Gewerbestrasse 11, 6330 Cham, Switzerland
Preface

The papers in this volume constitute the proceedings of a joint working conference organized by the IFIP Working Groups 8.2, 9.1, and 9.4. The conference, entitled “The future of digital work: the challenge of inequality,” was planned to take place during December 9–10, 2020, in Hyderabad, India. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic the conference was held virtually.

The call for papers resulted in a total of 29 submissions. Of these, 22 full papers were finally selected for presentation at the working conference. The submissions were selected through a blind-review process involving two reviewers and the editors. Authors of submissions that were selected for the next round were requested to revise their contributions in accordance with the reviewers' and the editors' recommendations. The revised submissions were then reviewed for publication in this volume. An introductory paper by the editors provides a thematic overview of these papers.

The papers published in this volume are complemented by contributions from the two keynote speakers at the conference: Renana Jhabvala and Michael Barrett.

Renana Jhabvala, Chairperson SEWA Bharat and Grih Rin Ltd, is an Indian social worker, who has been active for decades in organizing women in the informal economy into trade unions, co-operatives, and financial institutions in India, and has been extensively involved in policy issues relating to poor women and the informal economy.

Michael Barrett, Professor of Information Systems and Innovation Studies at the Cambridge Judge Business School, UK, has a long track record of engaging with social aspects of digital technologies, also with a view to the global south.

The editors would like to take this opportunity to thank all the contributors to this volume. We are very grateful to all the members of the Program Committee who participated in the review process. We give special thanks to Arunima S. Mukherjee and Divya Sharma for all their hard work on the conference organization. We would also like to recognize Eija Karsten, who has initiated the joint conference, working closely with the conference chairs Rajesh Chandwani, Shirin Madon, and Jungwoo Lee, who also took responsibility for the RIP stream, and Miriam Costales and her colleagues at Springer, who helped in producing these proceedings.

The local host organizations are the Indian Institute of Management, Ahmedabad, India, and Society for Health Information Systems Program – HISP India, New Delhi, India.

October 2020

Rajendra K. Bandi

Ranjini C. R.

Stefan Klein

Shirin Madon

Eric Monteiro
## Organization

### Program Chairs

Rajendra K. Bandi

Ranjini C. R.

Stefan Klein

Shirin Madon

Eric Monteiro

Indian Institute of Management Bangalore, India

Ramalingaswami Centre on Equity and Social Determinants of Health, India

University of Münster, Germany

London School of Economics and Political Science, UK

Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Norway

### Organizing Chairs

Arunima S. Mukherjee

University of Oslo, Norway

### Program Committee

Steve Sawyer

Brian Nicholson

Silvia Masiero

Neil Pollock

Sundeep Sahay

Carla Bonina

Suzana Brown

Richard Heeks

Fareesa Malik

Nathalie Mitev

Abayomi Baiyere

Matti Rossi

Séamas Kelly

Ella Hafermalz

Anastasia Sergeeva

Panos Constantinides

Chrisanthi Avgerou

Jan Ljungberg

Eivor Oborn-Barrett

Yingqin Zheng

Daniel Fuerstenau

Jonny Holmstrom

Syracuse University, USA

The University of Manchester, UK

Loughborough University, UK

The University of Edinburgh, UK

University of Oslo, Norway

Surrey Business School, UK

SUNY Korea, South Korea

The University of Manchester, UK

NUST Business School, Pakistan

Paris Dauphine University, France

Copenhagen Business School, Denmark

Aalto University, Finland

University College Dublin, Ireland

Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, The Netherlands

Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, The Netherlands

Alliance Manchester Business School, UK

London School of Economics, UK

Gothenburg University, Sweden

University of Warwick, UK

Royal Holloway, University of London, UK

Freie Universität Berlin, Germany

Umeå University, Sweden
<table><tr><td>Matthew Jones</td><td>University of Cambridge, UK</td></tr><tr><td>Ineke Buskens</td><td>Research For the Future CC, Macau</td></tr><tr><td>M. Lynne Markus</td><td>Bentley University, USA</td></tr><tr><td>Petter Nielsen</td><td>University of Oslo, Norway</td></tr></table>
Are Ride-Sharing Platforms Good for Indian Drivers? An Investigation of Taxi and Auto-Rickshaw Drivers in Delhi
Anna Fleitoukh and Kentaro Toyama
117

Spatiotemporal (In)justice in Digital Platforms: An Analysis of Food-Delivery Platforms in South India
Shyam Krishna
132

Understanding Platform Ecosystems for Development: Enabling Innovation in Digital Global Public Goods Software Platforms
Scott Russpatrick
148

Transforming Healthcare

Power, Technology and Empowerment: A Case Study of Community Health Workers in India
Priyanka Pandey and Yingqin Zheng
165

Practical Affordance: EMR Use Within Outpatient Consulting on Women's Health
Ayushi Tandon
180

Sustainability Qualifiers of Health Management Information Systems Implementation: Case Study of DHIS2 in India
Jyotsna Sahay, Sundeep Sahay, and Arunima Sehgal Mukherjee
194

Patients' Trust in Public Health System Mediated by Hospital Information Systems in Context of LMIC
Harleen Kaur, Sundeep Sahay, and Arunima Mukherjee
207

Building Agility in Health Information Systems to Respond to the COVID-19 Pandemic: The Sri Lankan Experience
Pamod Amarakoon, Jørn Braa, Sundeep Sahay, Pandula Siribaddana, and Roshan Hewapathirana
222

Rapid Systems Response to COVID-19: Standards Disseminated as Digital Health Packages
Olav Poppe, Zeferino Saugene, Edem Kossi, Johan Ivar Sæbø, and Jørn Braa
237

Designing for Scale: Strengthening Surveillance of Antimicrobial Resistance in Low Resource Settings
Sundeep Sahay, Gitika Arora, Yogita Thakral, Ernst Kristian Rødland, and Arunima Sehgal Mukherjee
251