The complexity of the loss of SWOTTED (see Equation 4) includes the complexity of the regularization terms, as outlined below:

• The complexity of the $L_1$ norm is $O(n \times \omega \times R)$ (i.e., the size of $\mathcal{P}$).

• The complexity of the non-succession regularization term $S(\mathbf{W}^{(k)})$ is $O(K \times R \times \bar{T} \times \omega)$.

In comparison to non-temporal tensor decomposition techniques (e.g., CNTF), the complexity of SWOTTED considers the $\omega$ factor that corresponds to the temporal width of phenotypes. While SWOTTED is more expressive, it requires more computing resources than CNTF<fnref n="17" />. On the other hand, the reconstruction and non-succession term are based on convolution operators that benefit from material optimization. Thus, we anticipate that the efficiency of the optimization process will be preserved.

SWOTTED is based on an optimization procedure for training the model. Each epoch comprises the computation of the loss $\ell$, and its derivatives. Considering that SWOTTED is based on automatic differentiation, the time complexity to evaluate the derivative is proportional to the computation of the loss (Verma, 2000).

# Appendix D Case Study Details

## D.1 Dataset Preparation

In our case study, we used data from the Greater Paris University Hospitals. For the sake of health data security and privacy, these data have been pseudo-anonymized and it is not possible to export them out of the hospital infrastructure. Then, all experiments on the AP-HP dataset were conducted on hospital servers through secured access.

In addition, all the experiments have been approved by the Ethical committee of AP-HP which is in charge to inform patients about their data usage for research purposes, to obtain their informed consent and to validate the appropriateness of data access by researchers.

In accordance with epidemiologists, we created one dataset per epidemic wave of COVID-19 for the first four waves. The periods of these waves are those officially defined by the French government:<fnref n="18" />

• wave 1: 2020-03-01 - 2020-07-06, 8,561 patients, 81,517 care events

• wave 2: 2020-07-07 - 2021-01-04, 10,444 patients, 91,824 care events

• wave 3: 2021-01-05 - 2021-07-05, 14,667 patients, 139,045 care events

• wave 4: 2021-07-05 - 2021-09-06, 2,593 patients, 21,325 care events

The patients selected for this study are:

• adults (over 18 years old)

• at least a positive PCR<fnref n="19" /> test to witness the COVID-19 status of the patient

<footnote n="17">¹⁷Here, we consider CNTF model without temporal regularization. Indeed, temporal regularization of CNTF is based on an internal LSTM architecture that is time consuming to train.</footnote>

<footnote n="18">¹⁸https://www.insee.fr/fr/statistiques/5432509?sommaire=5435421</footnote>

<footnote n="19">¹⁹Polymerase Chain Reaction</footnote>
The complexity of the loss of SWOTTED (see Equation 4) includes the complexity of the regularization terms, as outlined below:

• The complexity of the $L_1$ norm is $O(n \times \omega \times R)$ (i.e., the size of $\mathcal{P}$).

• The complexity of the non-succession regularization term $S(\mathbf{W}^{(k)})$ is $O(K \times R \times \bar{T} \times \omega)$.

In comparison to non-temporal tensor decomposition techniques (e.g., CNTF), the complexity of SWOTTED considers the $\omega$ factor that corresponds to the temporal width of phenotypes. While SWOTTED is more expressive, it requires more computing resources than CNTF<fnref n="17" />. On the other hand, the reconstruction and non-succession term are based on convolution operators that benefit from material optimization. Thus, we anticipate that the efficiency of the optimization process will be preserved.

SWOTTED is based on an optimization procedure for training the model. Each epoch comprises the computation of the loss $\ell$, and its derivatives. Considering that SWOTTED is based on automatic differentiation, the time complexity to evaluate the derivative is proportional to the computation of the loss (Verma, 2000).

# Appendix D Case Study Details

## D.1 Dataset Preparation

In our case study, we used data from the Greater Paris University Hospitals. For the sake of health data security and privacy, these data have been pseudo-anonymized and it is not possible to export them out of the hospital infrastructure. Then, all experiments on the AP-HP dataset were conducted on hospital servers through secured access.

In addition, all the experiments have been approved by the Ethical committee of AP-HP which is in charge to inform patients about their data usage for research purposes, to obtain their informed consent and to validate the appropriateness of data access by researchers.

In accordance with epidemiologists, we created one dataset per epidemic wave of COVID-19 for the first four waves. The periods of these waves are those officially defined by the French government:<fnref n="18" />

• wave 1: 2020-03-01 - 2020-07-06, 8,561 patients, 81,517 care events

• wave 2: 2020-07-07 - 2021-01-04, 10,444 patients, 91,824 care events

• wave 3: 2021-01-05 - 2021-07-05, 14,667 patients, 139,045 care events

• wave 4: 2021-07-05 - 2021-09-06, 2,593 patients, 21,325 care events

The patients selected for this study are:

• adults (over 18 years old)

• at least a positive PCR<fnref n="19" /> test to witness the COVID-19 status of the patient

<footnote n="17">¹⁷Here, we consider CNTF model without temporal regularization. Indeed, temporal regularization of CNTF is based on an internal LSTM architecture that is time consuming to train.</footnote>

<footnote n="18">¹⁸https://www.insee.fr/fr/statistiques/5432509?sommaire=5435421</footnote>

<footnote n="19">¹⁹Polymerase Chain Reaction</footnote>
* admitted in an Intensive Care Unit (ICU). ICU includes here the historical and *de novo* units. The latter have been set up to respond urgently to the massive arrival of patients.

For each patient we create a binary matrix that represents its care pathway.

We collected medical procedures and drugs delivered during the 10 first days in an Intensive Care Unit (ICU). All care pathways start from the entrance in an ICU. This means that all cares received at hospital before the entrance in ICU are ignored. If a patient is admitted several times in an ICU, each visit is independent of the others.

All care pathways of length strictly larger than 10 are truncated. Indeed, no further information is expected beyond the tenth day. In the final dataset, 60% of the care pathways are truncated. In addition, stays shorter than 2 days are discarded.

Drugs are coded using ATC <sup>20</sup> codes and procedures are coded using CCAM<sup>21</sup> codes. CCAM is the French Common Classification of medical procedures. Each code is a type of medical event in the input tensor. The date of occurrence of an event is determined by the number of days before the beginning of mechanical ventilation. More specifically, it means that the sampling rate is one day. In the data warehouse, procedure and drug deliveries are timestamped but, according to clinicians, these timestamps are not reliable (for instance, care deliveries are entered in the system at once at the end of the day). If the length of stay is lower than 10 days (whatever the discharge reason), then the temporal dimension of its matrix is its length of stay. More specifically, all matrices do not have the same temporal dimensions.

We first selected the 500 most frequent drugs and the 200 most frequent procedures over a very large space. Then, drugs have been clustered at the 3rd ATC level, and procedures at the 3rd level of CCAM coding hierarchy. Indeed, different drug names may correspond to the same kind of cares. Thus, we group drugs using the coding hierarchy of the ATC and of the CCAM. A second manual selection has been done by physicians to keep only the most relevant features in the context of COVID-19. In the end, 85 types of care events (58 types of drugs and 27 types of procedures) have been selected by physicians based on their frequency and relevance for COVID-19.

It is worth noticing that we do not have access to a reliable information about the duration of a drug prescription. For instance, we noticed that antibiotic drugs are delivered to patients on a single day each time, but not several days in a row. Nonetheless, clinicians indicates that antibiotic are always delivered for several days to be effective. This is a limitation to identify temporal phenotypes, but we prefer to not pre-process the data to prevent from having too questionable results.

The following table presents the parameters used for the results presented in Section D.2.

<footnote n="20">20 ATC: Anatomical, Therapeutical and Chemical</footnote>

<footnote n="21">21 CCAM is the French classification of medical procedures</footnote>
* admitted in an Intensive Care Unit (ICU). ICU includes here the historical and *de novo* units. The latter have been set up to respond urgently to the massive arrival of patients.

For each patient we create a binary matrix that represents its care pathway.

We collected medical procedures and drugs delivered during the 10 first days in an Intensive Care Unit (ICU). All care pathways start from the entrance in an ICU. This means that all cares received at hospital before the entrance in ICU are ignored. If a patient is admitted several times in an ICU, each visit is independent of the others.

All care pathways of length strictly larger than 10 are truncated. Indeed, no further information is expected beyond the tenth day. In the final dataset, 60% of the care pathways are truncated. In addition, stays shorter than 2 days are discarded.

Drugs are coded using ATC<sup>20</sup> codes and procedures are coded using CCAM<sup>21</sup> codes. CCAM is the French Common Classification of medical procedures. Each code is a type of medical event in the input tensor. The date of occurrence of an event is determined by the number of days before the beginning of mechanical ventilation. More specifically, it means that the sampling rate is one day. In the data warehouse, procedure and drug deliveries are timestamped but, according to clinicians, these timestamps are not reliable (for instance, care deliveries are entered in the system at once at the end of the day). If the length of stay is lower than 10 days (whatever the discharge reason), then the temporal dimension of its matrix is its length of stay. More specifically, all matrices do not have the same temporal dimensions.

We first selected the 500 most frequent drugs and the 200 most frequent procedures over a very large space. Then, drugs have been clustered at the 3rd ATC level, and procedures at the 3rd level of CCAM coding hierarchy. Indeed, different drug names may correspond to the same kind of cares. Thus, we group drugs using the coding hierarchy of the ATC and of the CCAM. A second manual selection has been done by physicians to keep only the most relevant features in the context of COVID-19. In the end, 85 types of care events (58 types of drugs and 27 types of procedures) have been selected by physicians based on their frequency and relevance for COVID-19.

It is worth noticing that we do not have access to a reliable information about the duration of a drug prescription. For instance, we noticed that antibiotic drugs are delivered to patients on a single day each time, but not several days in a row. Nonetheless, clinicians indicates that antibiotic are always delivered for several days to be effective. This is a limitation to identify temporal phenotypes, but we prefer to not pre-process the data to prevent from having too questionable results.

The following table presents the parameters used for the results presented in Section D.2.

<footnote n="20">20 ATC: Anatomical, Therapeutical and Chemical</footnote>

<footnote n="21">21 CCAM is the French classification of medical procedures</footnote>
<table><thead><tr><th>Parameter</th><th>Value</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>R</td><td>8 or 20</td></tr><tr><td>ω</td><td>3 or 5</td></tr><tr><td>α</td><td>0.5</td></tr><tr><td>β</td><td>0.5</td></tr><tr><td>λ</td><td>10<sup>-3</sup></td></tr><tr><td>epochs</td><td>1,000</td></tr><tr><td>batch size</td><td>64</td></tr></tbody></table>

## D.2 Additional Results on Case Study

In this section, we present the results obtained for the four first waves of the COVID-19 pandemic. We start by providing results about the reconstruction accuracy for several settings of SWOTTED. Then, we illustrate the reconstruction of some patient matrices. Finally, we present the graphical and detailed descriptions of the phenotypes obtained with $R = 8$ phenotypes and $ω = 3$.

Note that these results need additional investigations by clinicians to provide reliable interpretations. For this reason, we do not provide more detailed interpretations of phenotypes in this document.

### D.2.1 Reconstruction Accuracy

Table 2 gives the $FIT_X$ values obtained on the four AP-HP datasets (four first waves of the pandemic). The values are close to the ones obtained on the MIMIC-IV dataset. These values are positive, indicating that the reconstruction is reasonably good on average.

<table><caption>**Table 2** Reconstruction accuracy measured by $FIT_X$ of the AP-HP datasets (one per wave) with different settings of SWOTTED. Bold values are the bests.</caption><thead><tr><th>Wave</th><th>R = 8<br>ω = 3</th><th>R = 20<br>ω = 3</th><th>R = 20<br>ω = 5</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>w1</td><td>0.17</td><td><strong>0.27</strong></td><td>0.22</td></tr><tr><td>w2</td><td>0.15</td><td><strong>0.25</strong></td><td>0.23</td></tr><tr><td>w3</td><td>0.15</td><td><strong>0.23</strong></td><td>0.23</td></tr><tr><td>w4</td><td>0.15</td><td>0.25</td><td><strong>0.27</strong></td></tr></tbody></table>

We can notice that SWOTTED achieves better reconstruction with $R = 20$ than with $R = 8$. Indeed, with more phenotypes, the decomposition becomes easier. The drawback of having more phenotypes is to discover simpler patterns, i.e. involving fewer events.

Finally, increasing the size of the temporal phenotypes does not improve the reconstruction. Larger temporal phenotypes means a more constrained reconstruction.
<table><thead><tr><th>Parameter</th><th>Value</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>R</td><td>8 or 20</td></tr><tr><td>ω</td><td>3 or 5</td></tr><tr><td>α</td><td>0.5</td></tr><tr><td>β</td><td>0.5</td></tr><tr><td>λ</td><td>10<sup>-3</sup></td></tr><tr><td>epochs</td><td>1,000</td></tr><tr><td>batch size</td><td>64</td></tr></tbody></table>

## D.2 Additional Results on Case Study

In this section, we present the results obtained for the four first waves of the COVID-19 pandemic. We start by providing results about the reconstruction accuracy for several settings of SWOTTED. Then, we illustrate the reconstruction of some patient matrices. Finally, we present the graphical and detailed descriptions of the phenotypes obtained with $R = 8$ phenotypes and $ω = 3$.

Note that these results need additional investigations by clinicians to provide reliable interpretations. For this reason, we do not provide more detailed interpretations of phenotypes in this document.

### D.2.1 Reconstruction Accuracy

Table 2 gives the $FIT_X$ values obtained on the four AP-HP datasets (four first waves of the pandemic). The values are close to the ones obtained on the MIMIC-IV dataset. These values are positive, indicating that the reconstruction is reasonably good on average.

<table><caption>**Table 2** Reconstruction accuracy measured by $FIT_X$ of the AP-HP datasets (one per wave) with different settings of SWOTTED. Bold values are the bests.</caption><thead><tr><th>Wave</th><th>R = 8<br>ω = 3</th><th>R = 20<br>ω = 3</th><th>R = 20<br>ω = 5</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>w1</td><td>0.17</td><td><strong>0.27</strong></td><td>0.22</td></tr><tr><td>w2</td><td>0.15</td><td><strong>0.25</strong></td><td>0.23</td></tr><tr><td>w3</td><td>0.15</td><td><strong>0.23</strong></td><td>0.23</td></tr><tr><td>w4</td><td>0.15</td><td>0.25</td><td><strong>0.27</strong></td></tr></tbody></table>

We can notice that SWOTTED achieves better reconstruction with $R = 20$ than with $R = 8$. Indeed, with more phenotypes, the decomposition becomes easier. The drawback of having more phenotypes is to discover simpler patterns, i.e. involving fewer events.

Finally, increasing the size of the temporal phenotypes does not improve the reconstruction. Larger temporal phenotypes means a more constrained reconstruction.
<figure><img src="image_22.png" /><figcaption>**Fig. 19** Examples of patient matrix reconstruction (with $R = 8$ and $\omega = 3$). For each patient, the original matrix is on the left, the reconstructed matrix is on the right.</figcaption></figure>

## D.2.2 Reconstructions

Figure 19 illustrates the reconstructions of two patient's matrices. The patients are in the dataset of the fourth wave, and the reconstruction use $R = 8$ and $\omega = 3$.

These reconstructions illustrate the behaviour we observed: 1) a reconstruction contains all the events of the input matrix, 2) some additional events appear in the reconstruction. For the patient on the left (id : 596), the reconstruction contains, with significant weights, the five care events of the initial matrix. But, an additional event appears in the reconstruction (with a low weight). For the patient on the right (id : 1992), the first day of the reconstruction contains a lot of lightly weighted events, but it reconstructs well the complex combination at time 6.

A possible explanation of this behaviour can be found in the weak quality of the data. As we notice, there may miss some events. The additional events in the reconstruction may witness such misinformed care deliveries. This hypothesis remains to be investigated.

## D.2.3 Phenotypes of the First Wave

Figure 20 illustrates the phenotypes that have been extracted. These phenotypes are detailed in Table 3.
<figure><img src="image_22.png" /><figcaption>**Fig. 19** Examples of patient matrix reconstruction (with $R = 8$ and $\omega = 3$). For each patient, the original matrix is on the left, the reconstructed matrix is on the right.</figcaption></figure>

## D.2.2 Reconstructions

Figure 19 illustrates the reconstructions of two patient's matrices. The patients are in the dataset of the fourth wave, and the reconstruction use $R = 8$ and $\omega = 3$.

These reconstructions illustrate the behaviour we observed: 1) a reconstruction contains all the events of the input matrix, 2) some additional events appear in the reconstruction. For the patient on the left (id : 596), the reconstruction contains, with significant weights, the five care events of the initial matrix. But, an additional event appears in the reconstruction (with a low weight). For the patient on the right (id : 1992), the first day of the reconstruction contains a lot of lightly weighted events, but it reconstructs well the complex combination at time 6.

A possible explanation of this behaviour can be found in the weak quality of the data. As we notice, there may miss some events. The additional events in the reconstruction may witness such misinformed care deliveries. This hypothesis remains to be investigated.

## D.2.3 Phenotypes of the First Wave

Figure 20 illustrates the phenotypes that have been extracted. These phenotypes are detailed in Table 3.
<figure><img src="image_23.png" /><figcaption>**Fig. 20** Graphical representation of the phenotypes of the first wave.</figcaption></figure>

<figure><img src="image_24.png" /><figcaption>**Fig. 21** Graphical representation of the phenotypes of the second wave.</figcaption></figure>
<figure><img src="image_23.png" /><figcaption>**Fig. 20** Graphical representation of the phenotypes of the first wave.</figcaption></figure>

<figure><img src="image_24.png" /><figcaption>**Fig. 21** Graphical representation of the phenotypes of the second wave.</figcaption></figure>
### D.2.4 Phenotypes of the Second Wave

Figure 21 illustrates the phenotypes that have been extracted. These phenotypes are detailed in Table 4.

### D.2.5 Phenotypes of the Third Wave

Figure 22 illustrates the phenotypes that have been extracted. These phenotypes are detailed in Table 5.
### D.2.4 Phenotypes of the Second Wave

Figure 21 illustrates the phenotypes that have been extracted. These phenotypes are detailed in Table 4.

### D.2.5 Phenotypes of the Third Wave

Figure 22 illustrates the phenotypes that have been extracted. These phenotypes are detailed in Table 5.
<table><caption>**Table 3** Detailed description of phenotypes of the first wave.</caption><thead><tr><th colspan="4">Phenotype 1</th></tr><tr><th>Event code</th><th>Description</th><th>Time</th><th></th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>C02C</td><td>Urapidil, hypertension</td><td>0.00</td><td>0.00</td><td>0.17</td></tr><tr><td>J01C</td><td>Amoxicilline</td><td>0.00</td><td>0.00</td><td>1.00</td></tr><tr><td>N02B</td><td>Paracetamol</td><td>0.00</td><td>0.00</td><td>1.00</td></tr><tr><td>N03A</td><td>Pregabaline</td><td>0.00</td><td>0.00</td><td>0.33</td></tr><tr><td>V03A</td><td>Oxygen</td><td>0.61</td><td>0.00</td><td>0.00</td></tr><tr><th colspan="4">Phenotype 2</th></tr><tr><th>Event code</th><th>Description</th><th>Days</th><th></th></tr><tr><td>C09C</td><td>Irbesartan, ARB</td><td>0.39</td><td>0.00</td><td>0.00</td></tr><tr><td>DEQ</td><td>Electrocardiogram</td><td>0.00</td><td>1.00</td><td>0.00</td></tr><tr><td>EQQ</td><td>Cardiac monitoring</td><td>0.00</td><td>1.00</td><td>0.00</td></tr><tr><td>JVJ</td><td>Dialysis</td><td>0.00</td><td>0.66</td><td>0.00</td></tr><tr><th colspan="4">Phenotype 3</th></tr><tr><th>Event code</th><th>Description</th><th>Days</th><th></th></tr><tr><td>A10A</td><td>Insuline</td><td>0.00</td><td>0.00</td><td>1.00</td></tr><tr><td>A10B</td><td>Metformine</td><td>1.00</td><td>0.00</td><td>0.00</td></tr><tr><td>R03A</td><td>Adrenergics, inhalants</td><td>0.00</td><td>0.00</td><td>1.00</td></tr><tr><td>R03B</td><td>Drugs for obstructive airway diseases</td><td>0.00</td><td>0.00</td><td>0.39</td></tr><tr><td>R06A</td><td>Antihistamines</td><td>0.00</td><td>0.00</td><td>0.28</td></tr><tr><th colspan="4">Phenotype 4</th></tr><tr><th>Event code</th><th>Description</th><th>Days</th><th></th></tr><tr><td>ENL</td><td>Monitoring of intra-arterial pressure</td><td>0.00</td><td>0.38</td><td>0.00</td></tr><tr><td>EQL</td><td>Dopamine</td><td>0.00</td><td>0.00</td><td>1.00</td></tr><tr><td>EQQ</td><td>Cardiac monitoring</td><td>0.00</td><td>0.00</td><td>1.00</td></tr><tr><td>YYY</td><td>Rescucitation procedures</td><td>0.00</td><td>0.00</td><td>1.00</td></tr><tr><th colspan="4">Phenotype 5</th></tr><tr><th>Event code</th><th>Description</th><th>Days</th><th></th></tr><tr><td>N02A</td><td>Morphines</td><td>0.00</td><td>1.00</td><td>0.00</td></tr><tr><td>N05B</td><td>Hydroxizine, sedation</td><td>0.00</td><td>0.00</td><td>1.00</td></tr><tr><th colspan="4">Phenotype 6</th></tr><tr><th>Event code</th><th>Description</th><th>Days</th><th></th></tr><tr><td>C03C</td><td>Furosemide</td><td>0.00</td><td>0.00</td><td>0.73</td></tr><tr><td>C07A</td><td>Bisoprolol</td><td>0.00</td><td>0.00</td><td>1.00</td></tr><tr><td>N05C</td><td>Midazolam, sedation</td><td>0.00</td><td>0.00</td><td>1.00</td></tr><tr><th colspan="4">Phenotype 7</th></tr><tr><th>Event code</th><th>Description</th><th>Days</th><th></th></tr><tr><td>A03A</td><td>Phloroglucinol</td><td>0.00</td><td>0.00</td><td>0.88</td></tr><tr><td>H02A</td><td>Prednisone, antibiotic</td><td>0.00</td><td>0.00</td><td>1.00</td></tr><tr><td>J01D</td><td>Cefotaxime</td><td>1.00</td><td>0.00</td><td>0.00</td></tr><tr><td>J01F</td><td>Azithromicine</td><td>1.00</td><td>0.00</td><td>0.00</td></tr><tr><th colspan="4">Phenotype 8</th></tr><tr><th>Event code</th><th>Description</th><th>Days</th><th></th></tr><tr><td>B01A</td><td>Antithrombotic agents</td><td>0.00</td><td>0.00</td><td>1.00</td></tr><tr><td>C03C</td><td>Furosemide</td><td>0.00</td><td>1.00</td><td>0.00</td></tr><tr><td>C08C</td><td>Amlodipine</td><td>0.00</td><td>0.00</td><td>1.00</td></tr><tr><td>C09A</td><td>Ramipril</td><td>0.00</td><td>0.00</td><td>0.54</td></tr><tr><td>C10A</td><td>Statine</td><td>0.00</td><td>0.00</td><td>0.89</td></tr></tbody></table>
<table><caption>**Table 3** Detailed description of phenotypes of the first wave.</caption><thead><tr><th colspan="4">Phenotype 1</th></tr><tr><th>Event code</th><th>Description</th><th>Time</th><th></th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>C02C</td><td>Urapidil, hypertension</td><td>0.00</td><td>0.00</td><td>0.17</td></tr><tr><td>J01C</td><td>Amoxicillin</td><td>0.00</td><td>0.00</td><td>1.00</td></tr><tr><td>N02B</td><td>Paracetamol</td><td>0.00</td><td>0.00</td><td>1.00</td></tr><tr><td>N03A</td><td>Pregabaline</td><td>0.00</td><td>0.00</td><td>0.33</td></tr><tr><td>V03A</td><td>Oxygen</td><td>0.61</td><td>0.00</td><td>0.00</td></tr></tbody><thead><tr><th colspan="4">Phenotype 2</th></tr><tr><th>Event code</th><th>Description</th><th>Days</th><th></th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>C09C</td><td>Irbesartan, ARB</td><td>0.39</td><td>0.00</td><td>0.00</td></tr><tr><td>DEQ</td><td>Electrocardiogram</td><td>0.00</td><td>1.00</td><td>0.00</td></tr><tr><td>EQQ</td><td>Cardiac monitoring</td><td>0.00</td><td>1.00</td><td>0.00</td></tr><tr><td>JVJ</td><td>Dialysis</td><td>0.00</td><td>0.66</td><td>0.00</td></tr></tbody><thead><tr><th colspan="4">Phenotype 3</th></tr><tr><th>Event code</th><th>Description</th><th>Days</th><th></th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>A10A</td><td>Insuline</td><td>0.00</td><td>0.00</td><td>1.00</td></tr><tr><td>A10B</td><td>Metformine</td><td>1.00</td><td>0.00</td><td>0.00</td></tr><tr><td>R03A</td><td>Adrenergics, inhalants</td><td>0.00</td><td>0.00</td><td>1.00</td></tr><tr><td>R03B</td><td>Drugs for obstructive airway diseases</td><td>0.00</td><td>0.00</td><td>0.39</td></tr><tr><td>R06A</td><td>Antihistamines</td><td>0.00</td><td>0.00</td><td>0.28</td></tr></tbody><thead><tr><th colspan="4">Phenotype 4</th></tr><tr><th>Event code</th><th>Description</th><th>Days</th><th></th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>ENL</td><td>Monitoring of intra-arterial pressure</td><td>0.00</td><td>0.38</td><td>0.00</td></tr><tr><td>EQL</td><td>Dopamine</td><td>0.00</td><td>0.00</td><td>1.00</td></tr><tr><td>EQQ</td><td>Cardiac monitoring</td><td>0.00</td><td>0.00</td><td>1.00</td></tr><tr><td>YYY</td><td>Rescucitation procedures</td><td>0.00</td><td>0.00</td><td>1.00</td></tr></tbody><thead><tr><th colspan="4">Phenotype 5</th></tr><tr><th>Event code</th><th>Description</th><th>Days</th><th></th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>N02A</td><td>Morphines</td><td>0.00</td><td>1.00</td><td>0.00</td></tr><tr><td>N05B</td><td>Hydroxizine, sedation</td><td>0.00</td><td>0.00</td><td>1.00</td></tr></tbody><thead><tr><th colspan="4">Phenotype 6</th></tr><tr><th>Event code</th><th>Description</th><th>Days</th><th></th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>C03C</td><td>Furosemide</td><td>0.00</td><td>0.00</td><td>0.73</td></tr><tr><td>C07A</td><td>Bisoprolol</td><td>0.00</td><td>0.00</td><td>1.00</td></tr><tr><td>N05C</td><td>Midazolam, sedation</td><td>0.00</td><td>0.00</td><td>1.00</td></tr></tbody><thead><tr><th colspan="4">Phenotype 7</th></tr><tr><th>Event code</th><th>Description</th><th>Days</th><th></th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>A03A</td><td>Phloroglucinol</td><td>0.00</td><td>0.00</td><td>0.88</td></tr><tr><td>H02A</td><td>Prednisone, antibiotic</td><td>0.00</td><td>0.00</td><td>1.00</td></tr><tr><td>J01D</td><td>Cefotaxime</td><td>1.00</td><td>0.00</td><td>0.00</td></tr><tr><td>J01F</td><td>Azithromicine</td><td>1.00</td><td>0.00</td><td>0.00</td></tr></tbody><thead><tr><th colspan="4">Phenotype 8</th></tr><tr><th>Event code</th><th>Description</th><th>Days</th><th></th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>B01A</td><td>Antithrombotic agents</td><td>0.00</td><td>0.00</td><td>1.00</td></tr><tr><td>C03C</td><td>Furosemide</td><td>0.00</td><td>1.00</td><td>0.00</td></tr><tr><td>C08C</td><td>Amlodipine</td><td>0.00</td><td>0.00</td><td>1.00</td></tr><tr><td>C09A</td><td>Ramipril</td><td>0.00</td><td>0.00</td><td>0.54</td></tr><tr><td>C10A</td><td>Statine</td><td>0.00</td><td>0.00</td><td>0.89</td></tr></tbody></table>
<table><caption>**Table 4** Detailed description of phenotypes of the second wave.</caption><thead><tr><th colspan="3">Phenotype 1</th></tr><tr><th>Event code</th><th>Description</th><th>Days</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>A03A</td><td>Phloroglucinol</td><td>0.00 | 0.00 | 0.42</td></tr><tr><td>J01E</td><td>Sulfonamides and trimethoprim</td><td>0.00 | 0.00 | 0.24</td></tr><tr><td>N02B</td><td>Paracetamol</td><td>0.00 | 0.00 | 1.00</td></tr></tbody><thead><tr><th colspan="3">Phenotype 2</th></tr><tr><th>Event code</th><th>Description</th><th>Days</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>H02A</td><td>Prednisone, antibiotic</td><td>1.00 | 0.00 | 0.00</td></tr><tr><td>P02C</td><td>Ivermectine</td><td>0.26 | 0.00 | 0.00</td></tr><tr><td>R03A</td><td>Adrenergics, inhalants</td><td>0.00 | 1.00 | 0.00</td></tr><tr><td>R03B</td><td>Drugs for obstructive airway diseases</td><td>0.00 | 0.00 | 0.50</td></tr></tbody><thead><tr><th colspan="3">Phenotype 3</th></tr><tr><th>Event code</th><th>Description</th><th>Days</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>N02A</td><td>Morphines</td><td>1.00 | 0.00 | 0.00</td></tr><tr><td>N03A</td><td>Pregabaline</td><td>0.00 | 0.00 | 0.63</td></tr></tbody><thead><tr><th colspan="3">Phenotype 4</th></tr><tr><th>Event code</th><th>Description</th><th>Days</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>B01A</td><td>Antithrombotic agents</td><td>0.00 | 1.00 | 0.00</td></tr><tr><td>J01F</td><td>Azithromicine</td><td>0.00 | 0.22 | 0.00</td></tr><tr><td>N05B</td><td>Hydroxizine, sedation</td><td>1.00 | 0.00 | 0.00</td></tr><tr><td>JVJ</td><td>Dialysis</td><td>0.00 | 0.00 | 0.38</td></tr></tbody><thead><tr><th colspan="3">Phenotype 5</th></tr><tr><th>Event code</th><th>Description</th><th>Days</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>A06A</td><td>Constipation</td><td>0.00 | 0.35 | 0.00</td></tr><tr><td>A10A</td><td>Insuline</td><td>1.00 | 0.00 | 0.00</td></tr><tr><td>DEQ</td><td>Electrocardiogram</td><td>0.00 | 1.00 | 0.00</td></tr></tbody><thead><tr><th colspan="3">Phenotype 6</th></tr><tr><th>Event code</th><th>Description</th><th>Days</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>C03C</td><td>Furosemide</td><td>0.00 | 0.00 | 1.00</td></tr><tr><td>C07A</td><td>Bisoprolol</td><td>0.00 | 0.00 | 1.00</td></tr><tr><td>J01C</td><td>Amoxicillin</td><td>0.00 | 0.00 | 1.00</td></tr><tr><td>J01X</td><td>Metronidazole</td><td>0.00 | 0.00 | 0.27</td></tr></tbody><thead><tr><th colspan="3">Phenotype 7</th></tr><tr><th>Event code</th><th>Description</th><th>Days</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>A03A</td><td>Phloroglucinol</td><td>0.00 | 0.19 | 0.00</td></tr><tr><td>A10B</td><td>Metformine</td><td>0.80 | 0.00 | 0.00</td></tr><tr><td>C03A</td><td>Hydrochlorothiazide</td><td>0.14 | 0.00 | 0.00</td></tr><tr><td>C08C</td><td>Amlodipine</td><td>1.00 | 0.00 | 0.00</td></tr><tr><td>C09A</td><td>Ramipril</td><td>0.00 | 0.80 | 0.00</td></tr><tr><td>C09C</td><td>Irbesartan, ARB</td><td>0.52 | 0.00 | 0.00</td></tr><tr><td>C10A</td><td>Statine</td><td>1.00 | 0.00 | 0.00</td></tr><tr><td>J01M</td><td>Ciprofloxacin</td><td>0.16 | 0.00 | 0.00</td></tr><tr><td>N05C</td><td>Midazolam, sedation</td><td>0.00 | 0.00 | 1.00</td></tr><tr><td>V03A</td><td>Oxygen</td><td>0.00 | 0.70 | 0.00</td></tr></tbody><thead><tr><th colspan="3">Phenotype 8</th></tr><tr><th>Event code</th><th>Description</th><th>Days</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>J01D</td><td>Cefotaxime</td><td>0.00 | 1.00 | 0.00</td></tr><tr><td>DEQ</td><td>Electrocardiogram</td><td>0.00 | 0.01 | 0.00</td></tr><tr><td>EQL</td><td>Dopamine</td><td>0.00 | 1.00 | 0.00</td></tr><tr><td>EQQ</td><td>Cardiac monitoring</td><td>1.00 | 0.00 | 0.00</td></tr></tbody></table>
<table><caption>**Table 4** Detailed description of phenotypes of the second wave.</caption><thead><tr><th colspan="3">Phenotype 1</th></tr><tr><th>Event code</th><th>Description</th><th>Days</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>A03A</td><td>Phloroglucinol</td><td>0.00 | 0.00 | 0.42</td></tr><tr><td>J01E</td><td>Sulfonamides and trimethoprim</td><td>0.00 | 0.00 | 0.24</td></tr><tr><td>N02B</td><td>Paracetamol</td><td>0.00 | 0.00 | 1.00</td></tr></tbody><thead><tr><th colspan="3">Phenotype 2</th></tr><tr><th>Event code</th><th>Description</th><th>Days</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>H02A</td><td>Prednisone, antibiotic</td><td>1.00 | 0.00 | 0.00</td></tr><tr><td>P02C</td><td>Ivermectine</td><td>0.26 | 0.00 | 0.00</td></tr><tr><td>R03A</td><td>Adrenergics, inhalants</td><td>0.00 | 1.00 | 0.00</td></tr><tr><td>R03B</td><td>Drugs for obstructive airway diseases</td><td>0.00 | 0.00 | 0.50</td></tr></tbody><thead><tr><th colspan="3">Phenotype 3</th></tr><tr><th>Event code</th><th>Description</th><th>Days</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>N02A</td><td>Morphines</td><td>1.00 | 0.00 | 0.00</td></tr><tr><td>N03A</td><td>Pregabaline</td><td>0.00 | 0.00 | 0.63</td></tr></tbody><thead><tr><th colspan="3">Phenotype 4</th></tr><tr><th>Event code</th><th>Description</th><th>Days</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>B01A</td><td>Antithrombotic agents</td><td>0.00 | 1.00 | 0.00</td></tr><tr><td>J01F</td><td>Azithromicine</td><td>0.00 | 0.22 | 0.00</td></tr><tr><td>N05B</td><td>Hydroxizine, sedation</td><td>1.00 | 0.00 | 0.00</td></tr><tr><td>JVJ</td><td>Dialysis</td><td>0.00 | 0.00 | 0.38</td></tr></tbody><thead><tr><th colspan="3">Phenotype 5</th></tr><tr><th>Event code</th><th>Description</th><th>Days</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>A06A</td><td>Constipation</td><td>0.00 | 0.35 | 0.00</td></tr><tr><td>A10A</td><td>Insuline</td><td>1.00 | 0.00 | 0.00</td></tr><tr><td>DEQ</td><td>Electrocardiogram</td><td>0.00 | 1.00 | 0.00</td></tr></tbody><thead><tr><th colspan="3">Phenotype 6</th></tr><tr><th>Event code</th><th>Description</th><th>Days</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>C03C</td><td>Furosemide</td><td>0.00 | 0.00 | 1.00</td></tr><tr><td>C07A</td><td>Bisoprolol</td><td>0.00 | 0.00 | 1.00</td></tr><tr><td>J01C</td><td>Amoxicilline</td><td>0.00 | 0.00 | 1.00</td></tr><tr><td>J01X</td><td>Metronidazole</td><td>0.00 | 0.00 | 0.27</td></tr></tbody><thead><tr><th colspan="3">Phenotype 7</th></tr><tr><th>Event code</th><th>Description</th><th>Days</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>A03A</td><td>Phloroglucinol</td><td>0.00 | 0.19 | 0.00</td></tr><tr><td>A10B</td><td>Metformine</td><td>0.80 | 0.00 | 0.00</td></tr><tr><td>C03A</td><td>Hydrochlorothiazide</td><td>0.14 | 0.00 | 0.00</td></tr><tr><td>C08C</td><td>Amlodipine</td><td>1.00 | 0.00 | 0.00</td></tr><tr><td>C09A</td><td>Ramipril</td><td>0.00 | 0.80 | 0.00</td></tr><tr><td>C09C</td><td>Irbesartan, ARB</td><td>0.52 | 0.00 | 0.00</td></tr><tr><td>C10A</td><td>Statine</td><td>1.00 | 0.00 | 0.00</td></tr><tr><td>J01M</td><td>Ciprofloxacin</td><td>0.16 | 0.00 | 0.00</td></tr><tr><td>N05C</td><td>Midazolam, sedation</td><td>0.00 | 0.00 | 1.00</td></tr><tr><td>V03A</td><td>Oxygen</td><td>0.00 | 0.70 | 0.00</td></tr></tbody><thead><tr><th colspan="3">Phenotype 8</th></tr><tr><th>Event code</th><th>Description</th><th>Days</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>J01D</td><td>Cefotaxime</td><td>0.00 | 1.00 | 0.00</td></tr><tr><td>DEQ</td><td>Electrocardiogram</td><td>0.00 | 0.01 | 0.00</td></tr><tr><td>EQL</td><td>Dopamine</td><td>0.00 | 1.00 | 0.00</td></tr><tr><td>EQQ</td><td>Cardiac monitoring</td><td>1.00 | 0.00 | 0.00</td></tr></tbody></table>
<figure><img src="image_25.png" /><figcaption>**Fig. 22** Graphical representation of the phenotypes of the third wave.</figcaption></figure>

<figure><img src="image_26.png" /><figcaption>**Fig. 23** Graphical representation of the phenotypes of the fourth wave.</figcaption></figure>
<figure><img src="image_25.png" /><figcaption>**Fig. 22** Graphical representation of the phenotypes of the third wave.</figcaption></figure>

<figure><img src="image_26.png" /><figcaption>**Fig. 23** Graphical representation of the phenotypes of the fourth wave.</figcaption></figure>
D.2.6 Phenotypes of the Fourth Wave

Figure 23 illustrates the phenotypes that have been extracted. These phenotypes are
detailed in Table 6.
D.2.6 Phenotypes of the Fourth Wave

Figure 23 illustrates the phenotypes that have been extracted. These phenotypes are
detailed in Table 6.
<table><caption>**Table 5** Detailed description of phenotypes of the third wave.</caption><thead><tr><th colspan="3">Phenotype 1</th></tr><tr><th>Event code</th><th>Description</th><th>Days</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>C10A</td><td>Statine</td><td>1.00 | 0.00 | 0.00</td></tr><tr><td>H02A</td><td>Prednisone, antibiotic</td><td>1.00 | 0.00 | 0.00</td></tr><tr><td>J01E</td><td>Sulfonamides and trimethoprim</td><td>0.38 | 0.00 | 0.00</td></tr><tr><td>N02A</td><td>Morphines</td><td>0.00 | 0.00 | 1.00</td></tr><tr><td>P02C</td><td>Ivermectine</td><td>0.37 | 0.00 | 0.00</td></tr></tbody><thead><tr><th colspan="3">Phenotype 2</th></tr><tr><th>Event code</th><th>Description</th><th>Days</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>A03A</td><td>Phloroglucinol</td><td>0.61 | 0.00 | 0.00</td></tr><tr><td>B01A</td><td>Antithrombotic agents</td><td>1.00 | 0.00 | 0.00</td></tr><tr><td>C09A</td><td>Ramipril</td><td>0.00 | 0.00 | 0.66</td></tr><tr><td>J01D</td><td>Cefotaxime</td><td>1.00 | 0.00 | 0.00</td></tr><tr><td>J01X</td><td>Metronidazole</td><td>0.21 | 0.00 | 0.00</td></tr></tbody><thead><tr><th colspan="3">Phenotype 3</th></tr><tr><th>Event code</th><th>Description</th><th>Days</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>A10B</td><td>Metformine</td><td>1.00 | 0.00 | 0.00</td></tr><tr><td>C07A</td><td>Bisoprolol</td><td>0.00 | 1.00 | 0.00</td></tr><tr><td>J01C</td><td>Amoxicillin</td><td>0.00 | 1.00 | 0.00</td></tr><tr><td>L04A</td><td>Tocilizumab</td><td>0.00 | 0.00 | 0.51</td></tr></tbody><thead><tr><th colspan="3">Phenotype 4</th></tr><tr><th>Event code</th><th>Description</th><th>Days</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>C03C</td><td>Furosemide</td><td>0.00 | 1.00 | 0.00</td></tr><tr><td>N03A</td><td>Pregabaline</td><td>0.00 | 0.88 | 0.00</td></tr></tbody><thead><tr><th colspan="3">Phenotype 5</th></tr><tr><th>Event code</th><th>Description</th><th>Days</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>A06A</td><td>Constipation</td><td>0.00 | 0.26 | 0.00</td></tr><tr><td>C09C</td><td>Irbesartan, ARB</td><td>0.00 | 0.40 | 0.00</td></tr><tr><td>N02B</td><td>Paracetamol</td><td>0.00 | 1.00 | 0.00</td></tr><tr><td>R03A</td><td>Adrenergics, inhalants</td><td>0.00 | 0.60 | 0.00</td></tr><tr><td>R03B</td><td>Drugs for obstructive airway diseases</td><td>0.00 | 0.27 | 0.00</td></tr></tbody><thead><tr><th colspan="3">Phenotype 6</th></tr><tr><th>Event code</th><th>Description</th><th>Days</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>A10A</td><td>Insuline</td><td>0.00 | 1.00 | 0.00</td></tr><tr><td>C08C</td><td>Amlodipine</td><td>0.00 | 0.00 | 1.00</td></tr><tr><td>JVJ</td><td>Dialysis</td><td>0.00 | 0.63 | 0.00</td></tr></tbody><thead><tr><th colspan="3">Phenotype 7</th></tr><tr><th>Event code</th><th>Description</th><th>Days</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>N05C</td><td>Midazolam, sedation</td><td>0.00 | 0.00 | 1.00</td></tr><tr><td>V03A</td><td>Oxygen</td><td>0.00 | 0.79 | 0.00</td></tr><tr><td>DEQ</td><td>Electrocardiogram</td><td>0.00 | 1.00 | 0.00</td></tr><tr><td>EQL</td><td>Dopamine</td><td>0.00 | 1.00 | 0.00</td></tr><tr><td>EQQ</td><td>Cardiac monitoring</td><td>0.01 | 1.00 | 0.01</td></tr><tr><td>YYY</td><td>Rescucitation procedures</td><td>0.00 | 0.74 | 0.00</td></tr></tbody><thead><tr><th colspan="3">Phenotype 8</th></tr><tr><th>Event code</th><th>Description</th><th>Days</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>N05B</td><td>Hydroxizine, sedation</td><td>0.00 | 1.00 | 0.00</td></tr></tbody></table>
<table><caption>**Table 5** Detailed description of phenotypes of the third wave.</caption><thead><tr><th colspan="3">Phenotype 1</th></tr><tr><th>Event code</th><th>Description</th><th>Days</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>C10A</td><td>Statine</td><td>1.00 | 0.00 | 0.00</td></tr><tr><td>H02A</td><td>Prednisone, antibiotic</td><td>1.00 | 0.00 | 0.00</td></tr><tr><td>J01E</td><td>Sulfonamides and trimethoprim</td><td>0.38 | 0.00 | 0.00</td></tr><tr><td>N02A</td><td>Morphines</td><td>0.00 | 0.00 | 1.00</td></tr><tr><td>P02C</td><td>Ivermectine</td><td>0.37 | 0.00 | 0.00</td></tr></tbody><thead><tr><th colspan="3">Phenotype 2</th></tr><tr><th>Event code</th><th>Description</th><th>Days</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>A03A</td><td>Phloroglucinol</td><td>0.61 | 0.00 | 0.00</td></tr><tr><td>B01A</td><td>Antithrombotic agents</td><td>1.00 | 0.00 | 0.00</td></tr><tr><td>C09A</td><td>Ramipril</td><td>0.00 | 0.00 | 0.66</td></tr><tr><td>J01D</td><td>Cefotaxime</td><td>1.00 | 0.00 | 0.00</td></tr><tr><td>J01X</td><td>Metronidazole</td><td>0.21 | 0.00 | 0.00</td></tr></tbody><thead><tr><th colspan="3">Phenotype 3</th></tr><tr><th>Event code</th><th>Description</th><th>Days</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>A10B</td><td>Metformine</td><td>1.00 | 0.00 | 0.00</td></tr><tr><td>C07A</td><td>Bisoprolol</td><td>0.00 | 1.00 | 0.00</td></tr><tr><td>J01C</td><td>Amoxicillin</td><td>0.00 | 1.00 | 0.00</td></tr><tr><td>L04A</td><td>Tocilizumab</td><td>0.00 | 0.00 | 0.51</td></tr></tbody><thead><tr><th colspan="3">Phenotype 4</th></tr><tr><th>Event code</th><th>Description</th><th>Days</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>C03C</td><td>Furosemide</td><td>0.00 | 1.00 | 0.00</td></tr><tr><td>N03A</td><td>Pregabaline</td><td>0.00 | 0.88 | 0.00</td></tr></tbody><thead><tr><th colspan="3">Phenotype 5</th></tr><tr><th>Event code</th><th>Description</th><th>Days</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>A06A</td><td>Constipation</td><td>0.00 | 0.26 | 0.00</td></tr><tr><td>C09C</td><td>Irbesartan, ARB</td><td>0.00 | 0.40 | 0.00</td></tr><tr><td>N02B</td><td>Paracetamol</td><td>0.00 | 1.00 | 0.00</td></tr><tr><td>R03A</td><td>Adrenergics, inhalants</td><td>0.00 | 0.60 | 0.00</td></tr><tr><td>R03B</td><td>Drugs for obstructive airway diseases</td><td>0.00 | 0.27 | 0.00</td></tr></tbody><thead><tr><th colspan="3">Phenotype 6</th></tr><tr><th>Event code</th><th>Description</th><th>Days</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>A10A</td><td>Insuline</td><td>0.00 | 1.00 | 0.00</td></tr><tr><td>C08C</td><td>Amlodipine</td><td>0.00 | 0.00 | 1.00</td></tr><tr><td>JVJ</td><td>Dialysis</td><td>0.00 | 0.63 | 0.00</td></tr></tbody><thead><tr><th colspan="3">Phenotype 7</th></tr><tr><th>Event code</th><th>Description</th><th>Days</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>N05C</td><td>Midazolam, sedation</td><td>0.00 | 0.00 | 1.00</td></tr><tr><td>V03A</td><td>Oxygen</td><td>0.00 | 0.79 | 0.00</td></tr><tr><td>DEQ</td><td>Electrocardiogram</td><td>0.00 | 1.00 | 0.00</td></tr><tr><td>EQL</td><td>Dopamine</td><td>0.00 | 1.00 | 0.00</td></tr><tr><td>EQQ</td><td>Cardiac monitoring</td><td>0.01 | 1.00 | 0.01</td></tr><tr><td>YYY</td><td>Rescucitation procedures</td><td>0.00 | 0.74 | 0.00</td></tr></tbody><thead><tr><th colspan="3">Phenotype 8</th></tr><tr><th>Event code</th><th>Description</th><th>Days</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>N05B</td><td>Hydroxizine, sedation</td><td>0.00 | 1.00 | 0.00</td></tr></tbody></table>
<table><caption>**Table 6** Detailed description of phenotypes of the fourth wave.</caption><thead><tr><th colspan="3">Phenotype 1</th></tr><tr><th>Event code</th><th>Description</th><th>Days</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>B01A</td><td>Antithrombotic agents</td><td>0.00 | 0.00 | 1.00</td></tr><tr><td>J01E</td><td>Sulfonamides and trimethoprim</td><td>0.00 | 0.00 | 0.33</td></tr><tr><td>R03A</td><td>Adrenergics, inhalants</td><td>0.00 | 0.00 | 0.53</td></tr><tr><td>R03B</td><td>Drugs for obstructive airway diseases</td><td>0.00 | 0.00 | 0.26</td></tr><tr><td>R06A</td><td>Antihistamines</td><td>0.23 | 0.00 | 0.00</td></tr></tbody><thead><tr><th colspan="3">Phenotype 2</th></tr><tr><th>Event code</th><th>Description</th><th>Days</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>H02A</td><td>Prednisone, antibiotic</td><td>0.00 | 1.00 | 0.00</td></tr><tr><td>J01D</td><td>Cefotaxime</td><td>0.00 | 0.00 | 1.00</td></tr><tr><td>J01X</td><td>Metronidazole</td><td>0.00 | 0.40 | 0.00</td></tr><tr><td>L04A</td><td>Tocilizumab</td><td>0.59 | 0.00 | 0.00</td></tr><tr><td>N01B</td><td>Lidocaine</td><td>0.00 | 0.21 | 0.00</td></tr><tr><td>N05C</td><td>Midazolam, sedation</td><td>0.00 | 1.00 | 0.00</td></tr></tbody><thead><tr><th colspan="3">Phenotype 3</th></tr><tr><th>Event code</th><th>Description</th><th>Days</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>A10B</td><td>Metformine</td><td>0.00 | 0.00 | 1.00</td></tr><tr><td>N03A</td><td>Pregabalin</td><td>0.00 | 0.00 | 1.00</td></tr><tr><td>P02C</td><td>Ivermectine</td><td>0.00 | 0.00 | 0.45</td></tr><tr><td>EQQ</td><td>Cardiac monitoring</td><td>0.00 | 1.00 | 0.00</td></tr></tbody><thead><tr><th colspan="3">Phenotype 4</th></tr><tr><th>Event code</th><th>Description</th><th>Days</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>A03A</td><td>Phloroglucinol</td><td>0.00 | 0.00 | 1.00</td></tr><tr><td>C03D</td><td>Spironolactone, cardiac failure</td><td>0.00 | 0.28 | 0.00</td></tr><tr><td>C09C</td><td>Irbesartan, ARB</td><td>0.94 | 0.00 | 0.00</td></tr><tr><td>C09D</td><td>Anti-hypertensor ARB</td><td>0.00 | 0.00 | 0.16</td></tr><tr><td>J01F</td><td>Azithromicine</td><td>0.00 | 0.24 | 0.00</td></tr></tbody><thead><tr><th colspan="3">Phenotype 5</th></tr><tr><th>Event code</th><th>Description</th><th>Days</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>C03C</td><td>Furosemide</td><td>0.00 | 1.00 | 0.00</td></tr><tr><td>N02A</td><td>Morphines</td><td>0.00 | 0.00 | 1.00</td></tr><tr><td>JVJ</td><td>Dialysis</td><td>0.00 | 0.49 | 0.00</td></tr></tbody><thead><tr><th colspan="3">Phenotype 6</th></tr><tr><th>Event code</th><th>Description</th><th>Days</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>A10A</td><td>Insuline</td><td>1.00 | 0.00 | 0.00</td></tr><tr><td>J01C</td><td>Amoxicilline</td><td>0.00 | 0.00 | 1.00</td></tr><tr><td>DEQ</td><td>Electrocardiogram</td><td>1.00 | 0.00 | 0.00</td></tr><tr><td>EQL</td><td>Dopamine</td><td>0.50 | 0.00 | 0.00</td></tr></tbody><thead><tr><th colspan="3">Phenotype 7</th></tr><tr><th>Event code</th><th>Description</th><th>Days</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>C08C</td><td>Amlodipine</td><td>0.00 | 0.00 | 1.00</td></tr><tr><td>N02B</td><td>Paracetamol</td><td>0.00 | 0.00 | 1.00</td></tr><tr><td>N05B</td><td>Hydroxizine, sedation</td><td>0.00 | 0.00 | 1.00</td></tr></tbody><thead><tr><th colspan="3">Phenotype 8</th></tr><tr><th>Event code</th><th>Description</th><th>Days</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>A06A</td><td>Constipation</td><td>0.00 | 0.27 | 0.00</td></tr><tr><td>C01B</td><td>Amiodarone, cardiac failure</td><td>0.00 | 0.29 | 0.00</td></tr><tr><td>C07A</td><td>Bisoprolol</td><td>0.00 | 1.00 | 0.00</td></tr><tr><td>C09A</td><td>Ramipril</td><td>0.81 | 0.00 | 0.00</td></tr><tr><td>C10A</td><td>Statine</td><td>0.00 | 0.00 | 1.00</td></tr><tr><td>J01M</td><td>Ciprofloxacin</td><td>0.00 | 0.18 | 0.00</td></tr><tr><td>V03A</td><td>Oxygen</td><td>0.00 | 0.00 | 0.58</td></tr></tbody></table>
<table><caption>**Table 6** Detailed description of phenotypes of the fourth wave.</caption><thead><tr><th colspan="3">Phenotype 1</th></tr><tr><th>Event code</th><th>Description</th><th>Days</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>B01A</td><td>Antithrombotic agents</td><td>0.00 | 0.00 | 1.00</td></tr><tr><td>J01E</td><td>Sulfonamides and trimethoprim</td><td>0.00 | 0.00 | 0.33</td></tr><tr><td>R03A</td><td>Adrenergics, inhalants</td><td>0.00 | 0.00 | 0.53</td></tr><tr><td>R03B</td><td>Drugs for obstructive airway diseases</td><td>0.00 | 0.00 | 0.26</td></tr><tr><td>R06A</td><td>Antihistamines</td><td>0.23 | 0.00 | 0.00</td></tr></tbody><thead><tr><th colspan="3">Phenotype 2</th></tr><tr><th>Event code</th><th>Description</th><th>Days</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>H02A</td><td>Prednisone, antibiotic</td><td>0.00 | 1.00 | 0.00</td></tr><tr><td>J01D</td><td>Cefotaxime</td><td>0.00 | 0.00 | 1.00</td></tr><tr><td>J01X</td><td>Metronidazole</td><td>0.00 | 0.40 | 0.00</td></tr><tr><td>L04A</td><td>Tocilizumab</td><td>0.59 | 0.00 | 0.00</td></tr><tr><td>N01B</td><td>Lidocaine</td><td>0.00 | 0.21 | 0.00</td></tr><tr><td>N05C</td><td>Midazolam, sedation</td><td>0.00 | 1.00 | 0.00</td></tr></tbody><thead><tr><th colspan="3">Phenotype 3</th></tr><tr><th>Event code</th><th>Description</th><th>Days</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>A10B</td><td>Metformine</td><td>0.00 | 0.00 | 1.00</td></tr><tr><td>N03A</td><td>Pregabalin</td><td>0.00 | 0.00 | 1.00</td></tr><tr><td>P02C</td><td>Ivermectine</td><td>0.00 | 0.00 | 0.45</td></tr><tr><td>EQQ</td><td>Cardiac monitoring</td><td>0.00 | 1.00 | 0.00</td></tr></tbody><thead><tr><th colspan="3">Phenotype 4</th></tr><tr><th>Event code</th><th>Description</th><th>Days</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>A03A</td><td>Phloroglucinol</td><td>0.00 | 0.00 | 1.00</td></tr><tr><td>C03D</td><td>Spironolactone, cardiac failure</td><td>0.00 | 0.28 | 0.00</td></tr><tr><td>C09C</td><td>Irbesartan, ARB</td><td>0.94 | 0.00 | 0.00</td></tr><tr><td>C09D</td><td>Anti-hypertensor ARB</td><td>0.00 | 0.00 | 0.16</td></tr><tr><td>J01F</td><td>Azithromicine</td><td>0.00 | 0.24 | 0.00</td></tr></tbody><thead><tr><th colspan="3">Phenotype 5</th></tr><tr><th>Event code</th><th>Description</th><th>Days</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>C03C</td><td>Furosemide</td><td>0.00 | 1.00 | 0.00</td></tr><tr><td>N02A</td><td>Morphines</td><td>0.00 | 0.00 | 1.00</td></tr><tr><td>JVJ</td><td>Dialysis</td><td>0.00 | 0.49 | 0.00</td></tr></tbody><thead><tr><th colspan="3">Phenotype 6</th></tr><tr><th>Event code</th><th>Description</th><th>Days</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>A10A</td><td>Insuline</td><td>1.00 | 0.00 | 0.00</td></tr><tr><td>J01C</td><td>Amoxicilline</td><td>0.00 | 0.00 | 1.00</td></tr><tr><td>DEQ</td><td>Electrocardiogram</td><td>1.00 | 0.00 | 0.00</td></tr><tr><td>EQL</td><td>Dopamine</td><td>0.50 | 0.00 | 0.00</td></tr></tbody><thead><tr><th colspan="3">Phenotype 7</th></tr><tr><th>Event code</th><th>Description</th><th>Days</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>C08C</td><td>Amlodipine</td><td>0.00 | 0.00 | 1.00</td></tr><tr><td>N02B</td><td>Paracetamol</td><td>0.00 | 0.00 | 1.00</td></tr><tr><td>N05B</td><td>Hydroxizine, sedation</td><td>0.00 | 0.00 | 1.00</td></tr></tbody><thead><tr><th colspan="3">Phenotype 8</th></tr><tr><th>Event code</th><th>Description</th><th>Days</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>A06A</td><td>Constipation</td><td>0.00 | 0.27 | 0.00</td></tr><tr><td>C01B</td><td>Amiodarone, cardiac failure</td><td>0.00 | 0.29 | 0.00</td></tr><tr><td>C07A</td><td>Bisoprolol</td><td>0.00 | 1.00 | 0.00</td></tr><tr><td>C09A</td><td>Ramipril</td><td>0.81 | 0.00 | 0.00</td></tr><tr><td>C10A</td><td>Statine</td><td>0.00 | 0.00 | 1.00</td></tr><tr><td>J01M</td><td>Ciprofloxacin</td><td>0.00 | 0.18 | 0.00</td></tr><tr><td>V03A</td><td>Oxygen</td><td>0.00 | 0.00 | 0.58</td></tr></tbody></table>