# Eschewing the Cloud by leveraging Local Communication Channels

Rémy Raes, Romain Rouvoy, Adrien Luxey-Bitri, Daniel Romero, Davide

Frey, François Taïani

► To cite this version:

Rémy Raes, Romain Rouvoy, Adrien Luxey-Bitri, Daniel Romero, Davide Frey, et al.. Eschewing the Cloud by leveraging Local Communication Channels. ICT4S 2024 - International Conference on ICT for Sustainability, Jun 2024, Stockholm, Sweden., pp.1-1, 2024. [hal-04633670](https://hal.science/hal-04633670v1)

HAL Id: hal-04633670

https://hal.science/hal-04633670v1

Submitted on 3 Jul 2024

HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access
archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci-
entific research documents, whether they are pub-
lished or not. The documents may come from
teaching and research institutions in France or
abroad, or from public or private research centers.

L'archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est
destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents
scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non,
émanant des établissements d'enseignement et de
recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires
publics ou privés.

<figure><img src="image_1.png" /></figure>

Distributed under a Creative Commons CC0 - Public Domain Dedication 4.0 International License
# Eschewing the Cloud
by leveraging
Local Communication Channels

Or

## Angus & Bob want to share cool things

RÉMY RAES, ROMAIN ROUVOY,
ADRIEN LUXEY, DANIEL ROMERO

Univ. Lille, CRISTAL, Inria, CRNS, France

DAVIDE FREY, FRANÇOIS TAÏANI

Univ. Rennes, Irisa, Inria, France

e-mail: name.surname@inria.fr

## Using the Net is costly but it "just works"

<figure><img src="image_2.png" /></figure>

* Data subscription $

* Privacy risks

* Resource-intensive

<figure><img src="image_3.png" /></figure>

<figure><img src="image_4.png" /></figure>

<figure><img src="image_5.png" /></figure>

<figure><img src="image_6.png" /></figure>

## Why you no use Device-to-Device (D2D)?

<figure><img src="image_7.png" /></figure>

<table><thead><tr><th>D2D Channel</th><th>Inception</th><th>Max dist.</th><th>Max data rate</th><th>Frequency</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td><strong>Optical</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Infrared (IrDA)</td><td>1994</td><td>—</td><td>16 Mb/s</td><td>0.3-430 THz</td></tr><tr><td>QR-Code flashing</td><td>—</td><td>—</td><td>23.6 kb/picture</td><td>440-790 THz</td></tr><tr><td><strong>Wi-Fi</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>802.11 (legacy)</td><td>1997</td><td>100 m</td><td>1-2 Mb/s</td><td>2.4 GHz</td></tr><tr><td>802.11ax (Wi-Fi 6E)</td><td>2021</td><td>100 m</td><td>1.2 Gb/s</td><td>1-7.125 GHz</td></tr><tr><td>802.11ay</td><td>2021</td><td>10 m</td><td>100 Gb/s</td><td>60 GHz</td></tr><tr><td><strong>Bluetooth</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Bluetooth Core v1</td><td>1999</td><td>100 m</td><td>1 Mb/s</td><td>2.4 GHz</td></tr><tr><td>Bluetooth Core v5</td><td>2016</td><td>100 m</td><td>1-3 Mb/s</td><td>2.4 GHz</td></tr><tr><td><strong>RFID</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>NFC</td><td>2004</td><td>20 cm</td><td>106-424 kb/s</td><td>13.56 MHz</td></tr><tr><td><strong>Utra-WideBand</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>UWB</td><td>2007</td><td>200 m</td><td>27 Mb/s</td><td>3.1-10.6 GHz</td></tr></tbody></table>

<figure><img src="image_8.png" /></figure>

<figure><img src="image_9.png" /></figure>

<table><thead><tr><th>Channel type</th><th>Infrared</th><th>QRCode</th><th>Wi-Fi</th><th>Bluetooth</th><th>UWB</th><th>RFID</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>Bootstrap</td><td>☑</td><td>☑</td><td>☐</td><td>☑</td><td>☑</td><td>☐</td></tr><tr><td>Data</td><td>☐</td><td>☐</td><td>☑</td><td>☑</td><td>☐</td><td>☐</td></tr></tbody></table>

### Many channels!

### Fancy connection process!

<figure><img src="image_10.png" /></figure>

<figure><img src="image_11.png" /></figure>

3. Network

<figure><img src="image_12.png" /></figure>

MANETs, DTNs, OppNets ...

2. Unified data link

<figure><img src="image_13.png" /></figure>

<figure><img src="image_14.png" /></figure>

<figure><img src="image_15.png" /></figure>

1. Physical

<figure><img src="image_16.png" /></figure>

<figure><img src="image_17.png" /></figure>

<figure><img src="image_18.png" /></figure>

Bluetooth, IR, Wi-Fi, NFC ...

### Cool security perks!

### Only missing a data link layer...

## Enters VENICE framework!

- Abstract bootstrap & data channels

- Implemented Wi-Fi, BT & QRCode

- Scheduler demo implementation

- Example mobile app (Flutter)

<figure><img src="image_19.png" /></figure>

Bwaaaaaah!
I want to share
KOOL THING!!

<figure><img src="image_20.png" /></figure>

Keep it
Rock&Roll,
folks ;)

## Main issue: bad OS support

- Poorly documented

- Locked in user-space

- Moving APIs

- Desauw et al., "A critical review of mobile D2D communication", 2023.

- https://github.com/orgs/Venice-D2D/

Poster by Adrien Luxey-Bitri, 2024, CC0 license.