76. Shah B, Davidson PM, Zhong Q (2012) Encapsulation of eugenol using Maillard-type conjugates to form transparent and heat stable nanoscale dispersions. LWT 49:139-148. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lwt.2012.04.029

77. Wang J, Khelissa OS, Chihib NE, Dumas E, Gharsallaoui A (2019) Effect of drying and interfacial membrane composition on the antimicrobial activity of emulsified citral Food Chem 298:125079. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2019.125079

78. Chen H, Zhang Y, Zhong Q (2015) Physical and antimicrobial properties of spray-dried zein-casein nanocapsules with co-encapsulated eugenol and thymol. J Food Eng 144:93-102. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2014.07.021

79. Saifullah MD, Shishir MRI, Ferdowsi R, Tanver Rahman MR, Van Vuong Q (2019) Micro and nano encapsulation, retention and controlled release of flavor and aroma compounds: a critical review. Trends Food Sci Technol 86:230-251. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tifs.2019.02.030

80. Sun X, Cameron RG, Bai J (2019) Microencapsulation and antimicrobial activity of carvacrol in a pectin-alginate matrix. Food Hydrocolloids 92:69-73. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodhyd.2019.01.006

81. de Oliveira EF, Paula HCB, de Paula RCM (2014) Alginate/cashew gum nanoparticles for essential oil encapsulation. Colloids Surf B 113:146-151. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.colsurfb.2013.08.038

82. Hsieh WC, Chang CP, Gao YL (2006) Controlled release properties of Chitosan encapsulated volatile Citronella Oil microcapsules by thermal treatments. Colloids Surf, B 53:209-214. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.colsurfb.2006.09.008

83. Shetta A, Kegere J, Mamdouh W (2019) Comparative study of encapsulated peppermint and green tea essential oils in chitosan nanoparticles: encapsulation, thermal stability, in-vitro release, antioxidant and antibacterial activities. Int J Biol Macromol 126:731-742. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.12.161

84. Hajebi S, Rabiee N, Bagherzadeh M et al (2019) Stimulus-responsive polymeric nanogels as smart drug delivery systems. Acta Biomater 92:1-18. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actbio.2019.05.018

85. de Matos SP, Lucca LG, Koester LS (2019) Essential oils in nanostructured systems: challenges in preparation and analytical methods. Talanta 195:204-214. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.talanta.2018.11.029

86. Ngampunwetchakul L, Toonkaew S, Supaphol P, Suwantong O (2019) Semi-solid poly(vinyl alcohol) hydrogels containing ginger essential oil encapsulated in chitosan nanoparticles for use in wound management. J Polym Res 26:224. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10965-019-1880-8

87. Volić M, Pajic-Lijakovic I, Djordjevic V et al (2018) Alginate/soy protein system for essential oil encapsulation with intestinal delivery. Carbohydr Polym 200:15-24. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2018.07.033

88. Lu WC, Huang DW, Wang CC et al (2018) Preparation, characterization, and antimicrobial activity of nanoemulsions incorporating citral essential oil. J Food Drug Anal 26:82-89. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfda.2016.12.018

89. Ma Q, Davidson PM, Zhong Q (2016) Antimicrobial properties of microemulsions formulated with essential oils, soybean oil, and Tween 80. Int J Food Microbiol 226:20-25. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2016.03.011

90. Ribeiro FWM, Laurentino LDS, Alves CR et al (2015) Chemical modification of gum arabic and its application in the encapsulation of Cymbopogon citratus essential oil. J Appl Polym Sci 132:8. https://doi.org/10.1002/app.41519

91. Rossi GG, Guerres KB, Bonez PC et al (2017) Antibiofilm activity of nanoemulsions of Cymbopogon flexuosus against rapidly growing mycobacteria. Microb Pathog 113:335-341. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.micpath.2017.11.002

92. Sahli C, Moya SE, Lomas JS, Gravier-Pelletier C, Briandet R, Hémadi M (2022) Recent advances in nanotechnology for eradicating bacterial biofilm. Theranostics 12:2383-2405. https://doi.org/10.7150/thno.67296

93. Laouini A, Jaafar-Maalej C, Limayem-Blouza I, Sfar S, Charcosset C, Fessi H (2012) Preparation, characterization and applications of liposomes: state of the art. J Coll Sci Biotechnol 1:147-168. https://doi.org/10.1166/jcsb.2012.1020

94. Prakash B, Kujur A, Yadav A, Kumar A, Singh PP, Dubey NK (2018) Nanoencapsulation: an efficient technology to boost the antimicrobial potential of plant essential oils in food system. Food Control 89:1-11. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodcont.2018.01.018

95. Cui H, Zhao C, Lin L (2015) The specific antibacterial activity of liposome-encapsulated Clove oil and its application in tofu. Food Control 56:128-134. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodcont.2015.03.026
76. Shah B, Davidson PM, Zhong Q (2012) Encapsulation of eugenol using Maillard-type conjugates to form transparent and heat stable nanoscale dispersions. LWT 49:139-148. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lwt.2012.04.029

77. Wang J, Khelissa OS, Chihib NE, Dumas E, Gharsallaoui A (2019) Effect of drying and interfacial membrane composition on the antimicrobial activity of emulsified citral Food Chem 298:125079. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2019.125079

78. Chen H, Zhang Y, Zhong Q (2015) Physical and antimicrobial properties of spray-dried zein-casein nanocapsules with co-encapsulated eugenol and thymol. J Food Eng 144:93-102. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2014.07.021

79. Saifullah MD, Shishir MRI, Ferdowsi R, Tanver Rahman MR, Van Vuong Q (2019) Micro and nano encapsulation, retention and controlled release of flavor and aroma compounds: a critical review. Trends Food Sci Technol 86:230-251. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tifs.2019.02.030

80. Sun X, Cameron RG, Bai J (2019) Microencapsulation and antimicrobial activity of carvacrol in a pectin-alginate matrix. Food Hydrocolloids 92:69-73. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodhyd.2019.01.006

81. de Oliveira EF, Paula HCB, de Paula RCM (2014) Alginate/cashew gum nanoparticles for essential oil encapsulation. Colloids Surf B 113:146-151. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.colsurfb.2013.08.038

82. Hsieh WC, Chang CP, Gao YL (2006) Controlled release properties of Chitosan encapsulated volatile Citronella Oil microcapsules by thermal treatments. Colloids Surf, B 53:209-214. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.colsurfb.2006.09.008

83. Shetta A, Kegere J, Mamdouh W (2019) Comparative study of encapsulated peppermint and green tea essential oils in chitosan nanoparticles: encapsulation, thermal stability, in-vitro release, antioxidant and antibacterial activities. Int J Biol Macromol 126:731-742. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.12.161

84. Hajebi S, Rabiee N, Bagherzadeh M et al (2019) Stimulus-responsive polymeric nanogels as smart drug delivery systems. Acta Biomater 92:1-18. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actbio.2019.05.018

85. de Matos SP, Lucca LG, Koester LS (2019) Essential oils in nanostructured systems: challenges in preparation and analytical methods. Talanta 195:204-214. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.talanta.2018.11.029

86. Ngampunwetchakul L, Toonkaew S, Supaphol P, Suwantong O (2019) Semi-solid poly(vinyl alcohol) hydrogels containing ginger essential oil encapsulated in chitosan nanoparticles for use in wound management. J Polym Res 26:224. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10965-019-1880-8

87. Volić M, Pajic-Lijakovic I, Djordjevic V et al (2018) Alginate/soy protein system for essential oil encapsulation with intestinal delivery. Carbohydr Polym 200:15-24. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2018.07.033

88. Lu WC, Huang DW, Wang CC et al (2018) Preparation, characterization, and antimicrobial activity of nanoemulsions incorporating citral essential oil. J Food Drug Anal 26:82-89. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfda.2016.12.018

89. Ma Q, Davidson PM, Zhong Q (2016) Antimicrobial properties of microemulsions formulated with essential oils, soybean oil, and Tween 80. Int J Food Microbiol 226:20-25. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2016.03.011

90. Ribeiro FWM, Laurentino LDS, Alves CR et al (2015) Chemical modification of gum arabic and its application in the encapsulation of Cymbopogon citratus essential oil. J Appl Polym Sci 132:8. https://doi.org/10.1002/app.41519

91. Rossi GG, Guerres KB, Bonez PC et al (2017) Antibiofilm activity of nanoemulsions of Cymbopogon flexuosus against rapidly growing mycobacteria. Microb Pathog 113:335-341. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.micpath.2017.11.002

92. Sahli C, Moya SE, Lomas JS, Gravier-Pelletier C, Briandet R, Hémadi M (2022) Recent advances in nanotechnology for eradicating bacterial biofilm. Theranostics 12:2383-2405. https://doi.org/10.7150/thno.67296

93. Laouini A, Jaafar-Maalej C, Limayem-Blouza I, Sfar S, Charcosset C, Fessi H (2012) Preparation, characterization and applications of liposomes: state of the art. J Coll Sci Biotechnol 1:147-168. https://doi.org/10.1166/jcsb.2012.1020

94. Prakash B, Kujur A, Yadav A, Kumar A, Singh PP, Dubey NK (2018) Nanoencapsulation: an efficient technology to boost the antimicrobial potential of plant essential oils in food system. Food Control 89:1-11. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodcont.2018.01.018

95. Cui H, Zhao C, Lin L (2015) The specific antibacterial activity of liposome-encapsulated Clove oil and its application in tofu. Food Control 56:128-134. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodcont.2015.03.026
96. Engel JB, Heckler C, Tondo EC, Daroit DJ, da Silva MP (2017) Antimicrobial activity of free and liposome-encapsulated thymol and carvacrol against *Salmonella* and *Staphylococcus aureus* adhered to stainless steel. Int J Food Microbiol 252:18–23. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro. 2017.04.003

97. Liolios CC, Gortzi O, Lalas S, Tsaknis J, Chinou I (2009) Liposomal incorporation of carvacrol and thymol isolated from the essential oil of *Origanum dictamnus* L. and in vitro antimicrobial activity. Food Chem 112:77–83. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2008.05.060

98. Liao W, Badri W, Dumas E, Ghnimi S, Elaissari A, Saurel E, Gharsallaoui A (2021) Nanoencapsulation of essential oils as naturalfood antimicrobial agents: an overview. Appl Sci 11:5778. https:// doi.org/10.3390/app11135778

99. McClements DJ (2018) Encapsulation, protection, and delivery of bioactive proteins and peptides using nanoparticle and microparticle systems: a review. Adv Coll Interface Sci 253:1–22. https:// doi.org/10.1016/j.cis.2018.02.002

100. Salvi VR, Pawar P (2019) Nanostructured lipid carriers (NLC) system: a novel drug targeting carrier. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 51:255–267. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jddst.2019.02.017

101. Nasseri M, Golmohammadzadeh S, Arouiee H, Jaafari MR, Nemati H (2020) Preparation and comparison of various formulations of solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) containing the essential oil of Zataria multiflora. J Horticulture Postharvest Res 3:73–84. https://doi.org/10.22077/JHPR.2019. 2570.1068

102. Nasseri M, Golmohammadzadeh S, Arouiee H, Reza M, Neamati H (2016) Antifungal activity of Zataria multiflora essential oil-loaded solid lipid nanoparticles in-vitro condition. Iran J Basic Med Sci 19:1231–1237

103. Katouzian I, Faridi Esfanjani A, Jafari SM, Akhavan S (2017) Formulation and application of a new generation of lipid nano-carriers for the food bioactive ingredients. Trends Food Sci Technol 68:14–25. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tifs.2017.07.017

104. Bashiri S, Ghanbarzadeh B, Ayaseh A, Dehghannya J, Ehsani A (2019) Preparation and characterization of chitosan-coated nanostructured lipid carriers (CH-NLC) containing cinnamon essential oil for enriching milk and anti-oxidant activity. LWT 119:108836. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lwt. 2019.108836

105. Ghodrati M, Farahpour MR, Hamishehkar H (2019) Encapsulation of Peppermint essential oil in nanostructured lipid carriers: In-vitro antibacterial activity and accelerative effect on infected wound healing. Colloids Surf A 564:161–169. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.colsurfa.2018.12.043

106. Keivani Nahr F, Ghanbarzadeh B, Hamishehkar H, Samadi Kafil H (2018) Food grade nanostruc-
tured lipid carrier for cardamom essential oil: preparation, characterization and antimicrobial activ-
ity. J Funct Foods 40:1–8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jff.2017.09.028

107. Mokarizadeh M, Kafil H, Ghanbarzadeh S, Alizadeh A, Hamishehkar H (2017) Improvement of citral antimicrobial activity by incorporation into nanostructured lipid carriers: a potential applica- tion in food stuffs as a natural preservative. Res Pharm Sci 12:409. https://doi.org/10.4103/1735- 5362.213986

108. Fathi M, Mozafari MR, Mohebbi M (2012) Nanoencapsulation of food ingredients using lipid based delivery systems. Trends Food Sci Technol 23:13–27. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tifs.2011.08. 003

109. Wang T, Xue J, Hu Q, Zhou M, Luo Y (2017) Preparation of lipid nanoparticles with high loading capacity and exceptional gastrointestinal stability for potential oral delivery applications. J Colloid Interface Sci 507:119–130. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcis.2017.07.090

110. Dua JS, Rana AC, Bhandari DAK (2012) Liposome: methods of preparation and applications. Int J Pharm Stud Res 3:14–20

111. Sharma N, Roy PSD, Majeed A et al (2022) Nanoencapsulation- A novel strategy for enhanc-
ing the bioactivity of essential oils: a Review. Indian J Agric Res 56:241–248. https://doi.org/10.
18805/IJARe.A-5806

112. Zubair M, Shahzad S, Hussain A, Pradhan RA, Arshad M, Ullah A (2022) Current trends in the utilization of essential oils for polysaccharide- and protein-derived food packaging materials. Polymers 14:1146. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym14061146

113. Al-Maqtari QA, Rehman A, Mahdi AA et al (2021) Application of essential oils as preservatives in food systems: challenges and future prospectives: a review. Phytochem Rev 21:1209–1246. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11101-021-09776-y
96. Engel JB, Heckler C, Tondo EC, Daroit DJ, da Silva MP (2017) Antimicrobial activity of free and liposome-encapsulated thymol and carvacrol against *Salmonella* and *Staphylococcus aureus* adhered to stainless steel. Int J Food Microbiol 252:18–23. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro. 2017.04.003

97. Liolios CC, Gortzi O, Lalas S, Tsaknis J, Chinou I (2009) Liposomal incorporation of carvacrol and thymol isolated from the essential oil of *Origanum dictamnus* L. and in vitro antimicrobial activity. Food Chem 112:77–83. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2008.05.060

98. Liao W, Badri W, Dumas E, Ghnimi S, Elaissari A, Saurel E, Gharsallaoui A (2021) Nanoencapsulation of essential oils as naturalfood antimicrobial agents: an overview. Appl Sci 11:5778. https:// doi.org/10.3390/app11135778

99. McClements DJ (2018) Encapsulation, protection, and delivery of bioactive proteins and peptides using nanoparticle and microparticle systems: a review. Adv Coll Interface Sci 253:1–22. https:// doi.org/10.1016/j.cis.2018.02.002

100. Salvi VR, Pawar P (2019) Nanostructured lipid carriers (NLC) system: a novel drug targeting carrier. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 51:255–267. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jddst.2019.02.017

101. Nasseri M, Golmohammadzadeh S, Arouiee H, Jaafari MR, Nemati H (2020) Preparation and comparison of various formulations of solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) containing the essential oil of Zataria multiflora. J Horticulture Postharvest Res 3:73–84. https://doi.org/10.22077/JHPR.2019. 2570.1068

102. Nasseri M, Golmohammadzadeh S, Arouiee H, Reza M, Neamati H (2016) Antifungal activity of Zataria multiflora essential oil-loaded solid lipid nanoparticles in-vitro condition. Iran J Basic Med Sci 19:1231–1237

103. Katouzian I, Faridi Esfanjani A, Jafari SM, Akhavan S (2017) Formulation and application of a new generation of lipid nano-carriers for the food bioactive ingredients. Trends Food Sci Technol 68:14–25. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tifs.2017.07.017

104. Bashiri S, Ghanbarzadeh B, Ayaseh A, Dehghannya J, Ehsani A (2019) Preparation and characterization of chitosan-coated nanostructured lipid carriers (CH-NLC) containing cinnamon essential oil for enriching milk and anti-oxidant activity. LWT 119:108836. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lwt. 2019.108836

105. Ghodrati M, Farahpour MR, Hamishehkar H (2019) Encapsulation of Peppermint essential oil in nanostructured lipid carriers: In-vitro antibacterial activity and accelerative effect on infected wound healing. Colloids Surf A 564:161–169. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.colsurfa.2018.12.043

106. Keivani Nahr F, Ghanbarzadeh B, Hamishehkar H, Samadi Kafil H (2018) Food grade nanostruc-
tured lipid carrier for cardamom essential oil: preparation, characterization and antimicrobial activ-
ity. J Funct Foods 40:1–8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jff.2017.09.028

107. Mokarizadeh M, Kafil H, Ghanbarzadeh S, Alizadeh A, Hamishehkar H (2017) Improvement of citral antimicrobial activity by incorporation into nanostructured lipid carriers: a potential applica- tion in food stuffs as a natural preservative. Res Pharm Sci 12:409. https://doi.org/10.4103/1735- 5362.213986

108. Fathi M, Mozafari MR, Mohebbi M (2012) Nanoencapsulation of food ingredients using lipid based delivery systems. Trends Food Sci Technol 23:13–27. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tifs.2011.08. 003

109. Wang T, Xue J, Hu Q, Zhou M, Luo Y (2017) Preparation of lipid nanoparticles with high loading capacity and exceptional gastrointestinal stability for potential oral delivery applications. J Colloid Interface Sci 507:119–130. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcis.2017.07.090

110. Dua JS, Rana AC, Bhandari DAK (2012) Liposome: methods of preparation and applications. Int J Pharm Stud Res 3:14–20

111. Sharma N, Roy PSD, Majeed A et al (2022) Nanoencapsulation- A novel strategy for enhanc-
ing the bioactivity of essential oils: a Review. Indian J Agric Res 56:241–248. https://doi.org/10.
18805/IJARe.A-5806

112. Zubair M, Shahzad S, Hussain A, Pradhan RA, Arshad M, Ullah A (2022) Current trends in the utilization of essential oils for polysaccharide- and protein-derived food packaging materials. Polymers 14:1146. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym14061146

113. Al-Maqtari QA, Rehman A, Mahdi AA et al (2021) Application of essential oils as preservatives in food systems: challenges and future prospectives: a review. Phytochem Rev 21:1209–1246. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11101-021-09776-y
114. Tewa-Tagne P, Briançon S, Fessi H (2007) Preparation of redispersible dry nanocapsules by means of spray-drying: development and characterisation. Eur J Pharm Sci 30:124–135. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejps.2006.10.006

115. Mechmechani S, Khelissa S, Gharsallaoui A, Omari KE, Hamze M, Chihib NE (2022) Hurdle technology using encapsulated enzymes and essential oils to fight bacterial biofilms. Appl Micro-biol Biotechnol 106:2311–2335. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00253-022-11875-5

116. Pisoschi AM, Pop A, Cimpeanu C, Turcuş V, Predoi G, Iordache F (2018) Nanoencapsulation techniques for compounds and products with antioxidant and antimicrobial activity: a critical view. Eur J Med Chem 157:1326–1345. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejmech.2018.08.076

117. Zhang W, Li X, Yu T et al (2015) Preparation, physicochemical characterization and release behavior of the inclusion complex of trans -anethole and β-cyclodextrin. Food Res Int 74:55–62. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodres.2015.04.029

118. Kurozawa LE, Hubinger MD (2017) Hydrophilic food compounds encapsulation by ionic gelation. Curr Opin Food Sci 15:50–55. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cofs.2017.06.004

119. Esmaeili A, Asgari A (2015) In vitro release and biological activities of Carum copticum essential oil (CEO) loaded chitosan nanoparticles. Int J Biol Macromol 81:283–290. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2015.08.010

120. Keawchaoon L, Yoksan R (2011) Preparation, characterization and in vitro release study of carvacrol-loaded chitosan nanoparticles. Colloids Surf, B 84:163–171. https://doi.org/10.1016/j. colsurfb.2010.12.031

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122. Bhargava K, Conti DS, da Rocha SRP, Zhang Y (2015) Application of an oregano oil nanoemulsion to the control of foodborne bacteria on fresh lettuce. Food Microbiol 47:69–73. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fm.2014.11.007

123. Moghimi R, Aliahmadi A, Rafati H, Abtahi HR, Amini S, Feizabadi MM (2018) Antibacterial and anti-biofilm activity of nanoemulsion of Thymus daenensis oil against multi-drug resistant *Acinetobacter baumannii*. J Mol Liq 265:765–770. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molliq.2018.07.023

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115. Mechmechani S, Khelissa S, Gharsallaoui A, Omari KE, Hamze M, Chhib NE (2022) Hurdle technology using encapsulated enzymes and essential oils to fight bacterial biofilms. Appl Micro-biol Biotechnol 106:2311-2335. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00253-022-11875-5

116. Pisoschi AM, Pop A, Cimpeanu C, Turcuş V, Predoi G, Iordache F (2018) Nanoencapsulation techniques for compounds and products with antioxidant and antimicrobial activity: a critical view. Eur J Med Chem 157:1326-1345. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejmech.2018.08.076

117. Zhang W, Li X, Yu T et al (2015) Preparation, physicochemical characterization and release behavior of the inclusion complex of trans -anethole and β-cyclodextrin. Food Res Int 74:55-62. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodres.2015.04.029

118. Kurozawa LE, Hubinger MD (2017) Hydrophilic food compounds encapsulation by ionic gelation. Curr Opin Food Sci 15:50-55. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cofs.2017.06.004

119. Esmaeili A, Asgari A (2015) In vitro release and biological activities of Carum copticum essential oil (CEO) loaded chitosan nanoparticles. Int J Biol Macromol 81:283-290. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2015.08.010

120. Keawchaoon L, Yoksan R (2011) Preparation, characterization and in vitro release study of carvacrol-loaded chitosan nanoparticles. Colloids Surf, B 84:163-171. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.colsurfb.2010.12.031

121. Asbahani AE, Miladi K, Badri W et al (2015) Essential oils: from extraction to encapsulation. Int J Pharm 483:220-243. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpharm.2014.12.069

122. Bhargava K, Conti DS, da Rocha SRP, Zhang Y (2015) Application of an oregano oil nanoemulsion to the control of foodborne bacteria on fresh lettuce. Food Microbiol 47:69-73. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fm.2014.11.007

123. Moghimi R, Aliahmadi A, Rafati H, Abtahi HR, Amini S, Feizabadi MM (2018) Antibacterial and anti-biofilm activity of nanoemulsion of Thymus daenensis oil against multi-drug resistant *Acinetobacter baumannii*. J Mol Liq 265:765-770. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molliq.2018.07.023

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135. Suganya V, Anuradha V (2017) Microencapsulation and nanoencapsulation: a review. Int J Pharm Clin Res 9:233-239. https://doi.org/10.25258/ijpcr.v9i3.8324

136. Nedovic V, Kalusevic A, Manojlovic V, Levic S, Bugarski B (2011) An overview of encapsulation technologies for food applications. Procedia Food Sci 1:1806-1815. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.profoo.2011.09.265

137. Lucía C, Marcela F, Ainhoa L (2017) Encapsulation of almond essential oil by co-extrusion/gelling using chitosan as wall material. J Encapsulation Adsorpt Sci 7:67-74. https://doi.org/10.4236/jeas.2017.71004

138. Jia Z, Dumont MJ, Orsat V (2016) Encapsulation of phenolic compounds present in plants using protein matrices. Food Biosci 15:87-104. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fbio.2016.05.007

139. Pal SL, Jana U, Manna PK, Mohanta GP, Manavalan R (2011) Nanoparticle: an overview of preparation and characterization. J Appl Pharm Sci 7:228-234

140. Donsì F, Annunziata M, Sessa M, Ferrari G (2011) Nanoencapsulation of essential oils to enhance their antimicrobial activity in foods. LWT Food Sci Technol 44:1908-1914. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lwt.2011.03.003

141. Clogston JD, Patri AK (2011) Zeta Potential Measurement. Characterization of nanoparticles intended for drug delivery. Humana Press, Totowa, pp 63-70

142. Jamil B, Abbasi E, Abbasi S et al (2016) Encapsulation of cardamom essential oil in chitosan nano-composites: in-vitro efficacy on antibiotic-resistant bacterial pathogens and cytotoxicity studies. Front Microbiol 7. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2016.01580

143. Alanchari M, Mohammadi M, Yazdian F et al (2021) Optimization and antimicrobial efficacy of curcumin loaded solid lipid nanoparticles against foodborne bacteria in hamburger patty. J Food Sci 86:2242-2254. https://doi.org/10.1111/1750-3841.15732

144. Das S, Singh VK, Chaudhari AK, Dwivedy AK, Dubey NK (2022) Co-encapsulation of Pimpinella anisum and Coriandrum sativum essential oils based synergistic formulation through binary mixture: Physico-chemical characterization, appraisal of antifungal mechanism of action, and application as natural food preservative. Pesticide Biochem Physiol 184:105066. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pestbp.2022.105066

145. Khelissa S, El-Fannassi Y, El Amrani MA, Gharsallaoui A, Barras A, Chihib NE (2021) Water-soluble ruthenium (II) complex derived from optically pure limonene and its microencapsulation are efficient tools against bacterial food pathogen biofilms: *Escherichia coli*, *Staphylococcus aureus*, *Enterococcus faecalis*, and *Listeria monocytogenes*. Front Microbiol 12:711326. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2021.711326

146. Mozafari MR (2010) Nanoliposomes: preparation and Analysis. In: Liposomes. NJ: Humana Press, Totowa, pp 29-50

147. Rios-Mera JD (2019) Encapsulation optimization and pH- and temperature-stability of the complex coacervation between soy protein isolate and inulin entrapping fish oil. LWT Food Sci Technol 116:108555. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lwt.2019.108555

148. Choudhury N, Meghwal M, Das K (2021) Microencapsulation: an overview on concepts, methods, properties and applications in foods. Food Front 2:426-442. https://doi.org/10.1002/fft2.94

149. Nair A, Mallya R, Suvarna V, Khan TA, Momin M, Omri A (2022) Nanoparticles: attractive carriers of antimicrobial essential oils. Antibiotics 11:108. https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics11010108

150. Mehta N, Kumar P, Verma AK et al (2022) Microencapsulation as a noble technique for the application of bioactive compounds in the food industry: a comprehensive review. Appl Sci 12:1424. https://doi.org/10.3390/app12031424

151. Reis DR, Ambrosi A, Luccio MD (2022) Encapsulated essential oils: a perspective in food preservation. Future Foods 5:100126. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fufo.2022.100126

152. Mukurumbira AR, Shellie RA, Keast R, Palombo EA, Jadhav SR (2022) Encapsulation of essential oils and their application in antimicrobial active packaging. Food Control 136:108883. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodcont.2022.108883.

<footnote>**Publisher's Note** Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.</footnote>
134. Peng C, Zhao SQ, Zhang J, Huang GY, Chen LY, Zhao FY (2014) Chemical composition, antimicrobial property and microencapsulation of Mustard (Sinapis alba) seed essential oil by complex coacervation. Food Chem 165:560–568. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2014.05.126

135. Suganya V, Anuradha V (2017) Microencapsulation and nanoencapsulation: a review. Int J Pharm Clin Res 9:233–239. https://doi.org/10.25258/ijpcr.v9i3.8324

136. Nedovic V, Kalusevic A, Manojlovic V, Levic S, Bugarski B (2011) An overview of encapsulation technologies for food applications. Procedia Food Sci 1:1806–1815. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.profoo.2011.09.265

137. Lucía C, Marcela F, Ainhoa L (2017) Encapsulation of almond essential oil by co-extrusion/gelling using chitosan as wall material. J Encapsulation Adsorpt Sci 7:67–74. https://doi.org/10.4236/jeas.2017.71004

138. Jia Z, Dumont MJ, Orsat V (2016) Encapsulation of phenolic compounds present in plants using protein matrices. Food Biosci 15:87–104. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fbio.2016.05.007

139. Pal SL, Jana U, Manna PK, Mohanta GP, Manavalan R (2011) Nanoparticle: an overview of preparation and characterization. J Appl Pharm Sci 7:228–234

140. Donsì F, Annunziata M, Sessa M, Ferrari G (2011) Nanoencapsulation of essential oils to enhance their antimicrobial activity in foods. LWT Food Sci Technol 44:1908–1914. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lwt.2011.03.003

141. Clogston JD, Patri AK (2011) Zeta Potential Measurement. Characterization of nanoparticles intended for drug delivery. Humana Press, Totowa, pp 63–70

142. Jamil B, Abbasi E, Abbasi S et al (2016) Encapsulation of cardamom essential oil in chitosan nano-composites: in-vitro efficacy on antibiotic-resistant bacterial pathogens and cytotoxicity studies. Front Microbiol 7. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2016.01580

143. Alanchari M, Mohammadi M, Yazdian F et al (2021) Optimization and antimicrobial efficacy of curcumin loaded solid lipid nanoparticles against foodborne bacteria in hamburger patty. J Food Sci 86:2242–2254. https://doi.org/10.1111/1750-3841.15732

144. Das S, Singh VK, Chaudhari AK, Dwivedy AK, Dubey NK (2022) Co-encapsulation of Pimpinella anisum and Coriandrum sativum essential oils based synergistic formulation through binary mixture: Physico-chemical characterization, appraisal of antifungal mechanism of action, and application as natural food preservative. Pesticide Biochem Physiol 184:105066. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pestbp.2022.105066

145. Khelissa S, El-Fannassi Y, El Amrani MA, Gharsallaoui A, Barras A, Chihib NE (2021) Water-soluble ruthenium (II) complex derived from optically pure limonene and its microencapsulation are efficient tools against bacterial food pathogen biofilms: *Escherichia coli*, *Staphylococcus aureus*, *Enterococcus faecalis*, and *Listeria monocytogenes*. Front Microbiol 12:711326. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2021.711326

146. Mozafari MR (2010) Nanoliposomes: preparation and Analysis. In: Liposomes. NJ: Humana Press, Totowa, pp 29–50

147. Rios-Mera JD (2019) Encapsulation optimization and pH- and temperature-stability of the complex coacervation between soy protein isolate and inulin entrapping fish oil. LWT Food Sci Technol 116:108555. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lwt.2019.108555

148. Choudhury N, Meghwal M, Das K (2021) Microencapsulation: an overview on concepts, methods, properties and applications in foods. Food Front 2:426–442. https://doi.org/10.1002/fft2.94

149. Nair A, Mallya R, Suvarna V, Khan TA, Momin M, Omri A (2022) Nanoparticles: attractive carriers of antimicrobial essential oils. Antibiotics 11:108. https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics11010108

150. Mehta N, Kumar P, Verma AK et al (2022) Microencapsulation as a noble technique for the application of bioactive compounds in the food industry: a comprehensive review. Appl Sci 12:1424. https://doi.org/10.3390/app12031424

151. Reis DR, Ambrosi A, Luccio MD (2022) Encapsulated essential oils: a perspective in food preservation. Future Foods 5:100126. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fufo.2022.100126

152. Mukurumbira AR, Shellie RA, Keast R, Palombo EA, Jadhav SR (2022) Encapsulation of essential oils and their application in antimicrobial active packaging. Food Control 136:108883. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodcont.2022.108883.

<footnote>**Publisher's Note** Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.</footnote>