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Résumé:

L'ERREUR MEDICALE EN ANATOMOPATHOLOGIE : ETUDE QUALITATIVE DU VECU DE 18
ANATOMOPATHOLOGISTES DES HAUTS-DE-FRANCE

**Objectif** : L'objectif principal était d'explorer le vécu des médecins anatomopathologistes des Hauts-de-France face à l'erreur médicale.

**Matériel et méthodes** : Entretiens semi-dirigés auprès de 18 médecins anatomopathologistes, analysé par méthode qualitative inductive.

**Résultats** : L'étude a permis de définir un processus en trois étapes pour le médecin anatomopathologiste après une erreur ; un bouleversement initial, une remobilisation, puis, un enrichissement. Les anatomopathologistes ne connaissaient pas le terme de seconde victime d'une erreur médicale et ne s'y identifient pas forcément. De plus, ce terme était fréquemment remis en cause. La plupart des erreurs étaient considérées comme multifactorielles, avec une charge de travail importante, une pression pour obtenir des résultats rapidement, un manque d'informations cliniques ou un défaut d'expérience souvent incriminés. Les anatomopathologistes ont également souligné la nécessité d'améliorer les conditions de travail et de favoriser la communication et la collaboration entre eux et avec les médecins cliniciens.

**Discussion** : Les résultats sont comparables à ceux retrouvés dans la littérature en ce qui concerne le vécu de l'erreur médicale par les professionnels de santé.

**Conclusion** : L'étude a permis de mettre en évidence un processus en trois étapes pour le médecin anatomopathologiste après une erreur : un bouleversement initial, une remobilisation, puis, un enrichissement. Cette étude souligne également le besoin d'information et de formation sur les erreurs et leurs conséquences sur les plans juridique et psychologique. Des recherches supplémentaires sont nécessaires pour approfondir ces thèmes.

**Mots-clefs** : erreur médicale, seconde victime, évènement indésirable associé aux soins, anatomie et cytologie pathologiques, prévention des erreurs

Abstract:

MEDICAL ERROR IN ANATOMIC PATHOLOGY: A QUALITATIVE STUDY OF THE EXPERIENCE OF 18 PATHOLOGISTS FROM THE HAUTS-DE-FRANCE REGION

Title: Medical Error in Anatomic Pathology: A qualitative study of the experience of 18 pathologists in Hauts-de-France

**Objective:** The main objective was to explore the experiences of pathologists in Hauts-de-France regarding medical errors.

**Materials and methods:** Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 18 pathologists and analyzed using a qualitative inductive method.

**Results:** The study identified a three-stage process for pathologists after a medical error: initial shock, remobilization, and enrichment. Pathologists were not familiar with the term "second victim" of medical errors and did not necessarily identify with it. Furthermore, the term was frequently questioned. Most errors were considered multifactorial, with heavy workloads, pressure to obtain results quickly, lack of clinical information, and lack of experience often being cited as contributing factors. Pathologists also emphasized the need to improve working conditions and promote communication and collaboration between themselves and clinical doctors.

**Discussion:** The results are comparable to those found in the literature regarding the experiences of healthcare professionals with medical errors.

**Conclusion:** The study highlighted a three-stage process for pathologists after a medical error: initial shock, remobilization, and enrichment. It also underlined the need for information and training on errors and their legal and psychological consequences. Further research is needed to explore these themes.

**Keywords:** Medical error, second victim, adverse event, anatomic and cytologic pathology, error prevention.