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# Human Oncologic Markers Genes In The Crinoïd:Antedon Bifida (Echinodermata)

Michel Leclerc

Immunology of Invertebrates University of Orleans, France

Received: September 29,2018; Accepted: October 1, 2018; Published: January 03, 2019

*Corresponding authors: Michel Leclerc, Immunology of Invertebrates University of Orleans, 556 rue Isabelle Romée, 45640 Sandillon, France, Email: mleclerc45@gmail.com

## Abstract

Evidence of breast cancer 1 and 2 genes and Estrogen receptor 1 one were found in the genome of the crinoïd : Antedon bifida( an ancestral Echinodermata) in a significant manner.

**Key words:** Invertebrate, Echinodermata, Antedon bifida, human oncologic marker genes.

Thank you and best regards. Michel Leclerc

## Introduction

Many investigations concerning the genome of Antedon bifida have been performed in our laboratory (Ref. 1, 2, 3). It seemed interesting to look for genes implicated in cancerology diagnosis which is a true problem of Human Society.

BRCA1, BRCA2, CASC8, CASC16, ESR1, CRP genes were mainly studied. They encode

for cancer susceptibility proteins as breast, ovarian cancers.

## Materials And Methods

### Animals (Antedon bifida)

were obtained from « the station marine » of Roscoff (France)

### Obtention of crinoïd mRNA

Digestive coeca were excised from the A. bifida body.

A. bifida mRNA was obtained from Uptizol (Interchim). Quality control were operated.

### Sequencing

Sequencing was made on Illumina Next Seq 500 with paired-end : 2. 75 bp. Transcriptome was assembled from RNA-Seq fastq files using Trinity v2.1.1 (Ref.4 with default parameters. A BLAST database was created with the assembled transcripts using makeblastdb application from ncbi-blast+ (v2.2.31+). The sequences of transcripts of interest were then blasted against this database using blastn application from ncbi-blast+ (Ref;5) with parameter word_size 7.

## Results

Evidence of BRCA1, BRCA2, ESR1 genes occur in Antedon bifida

we complete this table by giving the sequences of BRCA1, BRCA2 transcriptomes :

> TRINITY_DN19334_c8_g2_i1 (BRCA1)

5'TGTAATCCCAGCACTTTGGGAGGCCGAGGCGGGCGGATCACGAGGTCAGGAGATCGAGAC CATCCTGGCTAACACAGTGAAACCCCGTCTCTACTAAAAATACAAAAAATTAGCCGGGCG TGGTGGCGGGCGCCTGTAGTCCCAGCTACTCGGGAGGCTGAGGCAGGAGAATGGCGTGAA CCCGGGAGGCGGAGCTTCAGTGAGCCGAGATCGCGCCACTGCACTCCAGCCTGGGCGAC AGAGCGAGACTCTGTCTCAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA 3'

> TRINITY_DN19334_c8_g1_i1 (BRCA2)

5'GTGCCTTAGAAATGCTGCATTATCCGGTGTATCACCTGAGGTCAGGAGTTCGAGACCAGC CTGGCCAACATGGTGAACCCCGTCTCTATTAAAAATACAAAAATTGGCCGGGCGCGGTG GCTCACGCCTGTAATCCCAGCACTTTGGGAGGCTGAGGTGGGTGGATCACCTGAGGTCAG GAGTTCGAGACCAGCCTGGCCAACATGGTGAAACCCCGTCTCTATTAAAAATACAAAAAT TGGCCGGGCGCGGTGGCTCACGCCTGTAATCC 3'

At last, the sequence of ESR1 is shown

> TRINITY_DN20534_c0_g1_i5 (ESR1)

5'CGAAGTGTTGGTGATATATTGACATTAATTTAAATTATTTCAGAAGACAATATTTCTGTA GGCAATGTTAGCACATCAAGCATCATCAAAACGGAAGCTACAAACGGTGATGTAGCAACA TATCAGCAGCATTCTAAAACACATCAGACATCGCACCAGCAGCACAAGCATACAACGCCA AGACATCGAACTTTTTAGTACGACAAGTCGTCATGCCGATGAACCGGAATGGAAAGAAGTG AAAGATCATCCACATGTCACAAAAATATGTCTACCACTGCAGATTTTATCATCAGTATTT GGTGCATTCGCGCATGGTGGAAATGACATTAGTAACGCCATAGGACCATTCGTGGCATTG TGGGTCATTTACACAACCGGTGATGTCCAACAAGAGGAACCAGTTGCAATCTGGATTCTA GTTTATGGATCAGCTGGCGTAGCAGTCGGATTGTGGGTACTTGGGAAAAGAGTTATTGAG ACAGTTGGCGAGGACTTAACACCATTAACGGTTTCAAGTGCGTTTACAATTGAACTTGGT TCAGCAACAACCGTTCTAGTTGCCTCCAACCTGGGAATACCAATAAGCACAACGCATTGT AAAGTAGGATCAGTGGTTGCCGTCGGATGGGTGAGAACAAAAACAGCAGTTGATTGGAAG TTGTTCTATGGCATAATTGCAGCCTGGATCATCACACTTCCTGCCACTGTTGGTCTTAGT GCTCTGTCGATGTTCCTGCTTCAGAAAAACTGTAGTGTGAACAGAGTTGGATTTTAATAAT GGTGGTATGATAACATAAGTCGTATCATATTATGTTTTACCAGGAATACATAGGAATATC
CGGTAATACAAGGTCATGTGTGGCACAAGTGTGGCTGTATCATGTAAGGTTAAGAGATGA
GTATGGCCTATGATACTAGGCAATACATGTGGAGTCCATGTGATGCTGTATTACCAATA
TCCATGTGATACTGGGAAAATTTAGATAGAACAGAGAATCGGGTGCCTGTTTGGAAATT
CCAATCCATAAGAAAAACAAAAAGCCAGTAGCCTATGTTCCACACAATGCAGAATTCAGC
AACTTTATTATTATGTATTACAGGAAGCTAATATGGAATTAATAAGAGGGGAGGTTATTG
TATATACGATTGATTGGTATTCCCTAGTGACTGAGGGTATAGATGCCCGGATATTGGCTG
ATGTCTGTCTTTGATGGTTAATGCATCCCTGGCCCATCAAAAATGATTGCAGAATATAA
AGTTAACAAATGATCTGAACAGTATCGACTGTAACCTGTCGACGTCAGGATAAGAAATGG
GAGGCAGTGAACAAGTAATTGGGAGAATTATCTGTAATTTTATTTTATCACTTTCTGATG
TACTGTACAAGTGCATATTGCACAATCCAAAATTTAAATTTAAAAAAAAAATCATCATAA
TATATTGTATATGCATTAAAACAAATACTTATATAGATAATAGTAATTTTTTTAAATTAC
ATTTTTTGAAATGCAATACTTGTCTCTGAGAAGAATTATACTATTGTTGATCTAAAGTT
AGTTATACCTTCATAATAAATTTGATAACATTAAAACAATAATAGAATGTATCTATATG
TGCTTCTTTATAATGGTAATTGAGTCAATATTTGAATTTAGCAAACTTCAACAGACTGCA
CAAACTGTGATGCTTGAGTACAAAATATCTCGATGGTAAAAATCATGTGACAAGGTGTC
TTGTAAATTAGTTAACATTTCAGTAAAATCCGAAAAAAAAAAAACAACATTTTTACTGGTC
CTCTTACGAGAGACTGATCTACTACCTTTATTCTATTACTTCTATTTAATTAAATAC
TACTAAAACTGTATAATCCATAATCACATTAAACCCTTCTAGTTTTTTTTTTCATTTTTA
CTTAAATGTATTAATTTTGTTTTTTTTGGAAAGTAGAAATGTGACAACCATCAGCTCAAATC

CAACTTGTAAACATGCATTATTATTGGATTCAATAAAAAAAGAAGAATATATTTAATA
CACCGTATTTTACTTCAGTTTGTGCCTTCACATAAGGTATTTTGAAAATACCTTACTACTT
AAAATATAATACCTTACAGTGGTACTACAAATAAACCAACACCTTTGCTAAATCAAATTAC
GAAAAGTAATCTATTAATTGATTCTCAGAATACTAAAATTAGTAAATCCTTTAATCCTAA
CCATATTTCCTAAAACCACCAAGGAAAAATTACAAATGTGCCAAGGATTACTCAGATTTA
ATAAAAAAATACAGTATATGTACAGTACAAGTTAAATTTTAGTTTAAAATGAAAATAATT
GATTGAACGGGTTAAAAATCTTTCACAGTTGTTACAAGTTTGTGCCATATGACCCTACTAAC
CAATTGAATACAACTGTGGAAGCTGATTATATAATTAACCAGCAAATTAATTTCTAAGAA
ATCCCATAGTTCTTGTACCAATCTGTATATTACATTGTTGTCAGGCTTTGAAGATAGGTA
TCGCGGCATGGAAGGTCATCTGCAGGTCGGAAATGTGCTTTCCAGACAGGTTCACCAACA
AACAATCGCATAGCTTGTATGTAATTCTTTGTATCCAAGGTGAAGCGATGGTATATTCCCT
GCAGGCAACACAATCAGGTCGTTCTTCTCCACGGCAATTCTCACCCAACGTTCATCCCGA
TCTCTAAAATCAAAGTAACCACTTCCATCCAGAACAAACCGAATCTCCTCATCCGTATGA
AGATGTTCCTCGAAAAAAGATTTTATTTTTCTTCATAATTGGGAAGTTTCTCTGGAGAA
ACAGTTATACAATCTTCATAGGAATATCCTCTTTCTTTGCGTATTTTGTCAAGCAACCCT
TCTTTTTTGTAATTTTCTGCATCTACCAGCCAATATTTTATACCATGTGAATCCAATAG
TCTAAATCCAACATTTGCACAGGCTCTAGATGGTGTCAAGGCGTTGATCTTTTTCTTTA
TCATTATCCATAAACCAAGGCTTTCACCATGTTGACGACTTTTAGTAGACCTATTAGGCC
AAAGTATCTTTGATTCAGTCGGAGAGCCGCGTTGGGAAATATGAC3

<table><caption>Table 01 :</caption><thead><tr><td>Query ID</td><td>Query Name</td><td>Subject ID</td><td>Identity (%)</td><td>Length</td><td>Mismatch</td><td>Gapopen</td><td>Query cover</td><td>E-value</td><td>Bitscore</td></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>NM_007298.3</td><td>BRCA1</td><td>TRINITY_DN19334_c8_g2_i1</td><td>85.3</td><td>279</td><td>36</td><td>3</td><td>8</td><td>4,00E-75</td><td>283</td></tr><tr><td>NM_000059.3</td><td>BRCA2</td><td>TRINITY_DN19334_c8_g1_i1</td><td>84.07</td><td>113</td><td>18</td><td>0</td><td>1</td><td>2,00E-22</td><td>110</td></tr><tr><td>NM_000125.3</td><td>ESR1</td><td>TRINITY_DN20534_c0_g1_i5</td><td>89.74</td><td>39</td><td>0</td><td>4</td><td>1</td><td>1,00E-03</td><td>47,3</td></tr></tbody></table>

Conclusion And Discussion

In humans, BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes can be considered as oncologic markers. It is said that mutations of these genes are more common in certain ethnic populations than others ; they increase a woman's risk of breast and ovarian cancer.

As for ESR1 gene, it encodes an estrogen receptor, a ligand activated transcription factor, composed of several domains important for hormone binding.

To find such genes in an invertebrate remains enigmatic but seems interesting from a point of view of the phylogeny of proteins and genomics

References

1. Michel Leclerc, Franck Letourneur, Dominique Davoult, Ariane Jolly, Pierre de la Grange. Evidence of Immune Genes in the Crinoid: Antedon Bifida Evidence of A. Bifida Igkappa Gene, Fc Receptor Gene. Int.J Vaccine Res. 2018; 3(1):1-2. doi:10.15226/2473-2176/3/1/00127

2. Michel Leclerc, Ariane Jolly, Pierre de la Grange. Evidence of Complement Genes in the Crinoid:antedon Bifida. Comparisons with other Echinodermata. Int. J. Biotech. And Bioeng. 2018;4(6):117-118.

3. Michel Leclerc, Ariane Jolly, Pierre de la Grange. Evidence of Il2 and Il6 Genes in the Crinoid: Antedon bifida (Echinodermata) .IBB].2018;4(3):0-0.

4. Manfred G. Grabherr, Brian J. Haas, Moran Yassour, Joshua Z. Levin, Dawn A. Thompson, Ido Amit, et al. Trinity: reconstructing a full-length transcriptome without a genome from RNA-Seq data. Nature Biotechnology. 2011; 29(7); 644-652. doi:10.1038/nbt.1883

5. Altschul SF, Gish W, Miller W, Myers EW, Lipman DJ. Basic local alignment search tool. J.Mol. Biol.1990;215(3):403-410. doi:10.1016/S0022-2836(05)80360-2