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# Towards a global vision of wheat virome in France

Armelle Marais, Thierry Candresse, Chantal Faure, Laurence Svanella-Dumas, Lionel Lebreton, Cindy Vitry

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Armelle Marais, Thierry Candresse, Chantal Faure, Laurence Svanella-Dumas, Lionel Lebreton, et al. Towards a global vision of wheat virome in France. 12eme colloque de la Société Française de Phytopathologie, May 2025, Bordeaux, France. hal-05448202

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https://hal.science/hal-05448202v1

Submitted on 8 Jan 2026

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Distributed under a Creative Commons CC BY 4.0 - Attribution - International License
Towards a global vision of wheat virome in France

Armelle Marais<fnref n="1" />*, Thierry Candresse<fnref n="1" />, Bernard Bergey<fnref n="1" />, Chantal Faure<fnref n="1" />, Laurence Svanella-Dumas<fnref n="1" />, Lionel Lebreton<fnref n="2" />, Cindy Vitry<fnref n="3" />

The wheat virome was characterized over a two-year period in 100 plots located in three French regions with contrasted soil and climate conditions, and representing a diversity of agricultural practices. Wheat plants were collected independently of visual symptoms in spring 2022 and 2023, and subjected to a double-stranded RNA-based metagenomic analysis (pools of 48 plants/plot).

The results show a wheat virome composed of phytoviruses known to infect wheat, but also of a large number of mycoviruses. Among phytoviruses, barley yellow dwarf virus-PAS (BYDV-PAS) and BYDV-PAV are the most frequent, and by far the most prevalent among members of the B/CYDV complex associated with the yellow dwarf disease (YDD), while BYDV-GAV/MAV and cereal yellow dwarf virus-RPS are only sporadically detected. These results are consistent with those of the ViroCap project, in which 69 wheat plants showing symptoms of YDD from 29 departments of France were analyzed by RNAseq, again showing a strong dominance of BYDV-PAS and -PAV among the viruses of the B/CYDV complex. In addition to these very well-known viruses, three novel viruses were identified and further characterized: a furovirus, a pomovirus and a polerovirus, all of which seem to have low prevalence in France.

More generally, the results show a virome regional structuration, with clear differences in the prevalence of BYDV-PAS and -PAV depending on the region considered. A temporal dynamic is also observed, with a variation in the prevalence of these viruses between 2022 and 2023. Current analyses aim to integrate the virome composition (phytovirome and mycovirome) of each plot in correlative statistical models together with biotic and environmental factors, in a holistic view of the microbiome and its contribution to crop health.

<footnote n="1">¹ Univ. Bordeaux, INRAE, UMR 1332 BFP, 33882 Villenave d'Ornon cedex, France</footnote>

<footnote n="2">² IGEPP, INRAE, Agrocampus Ouest, Université de Rennes, 35650 Le Rheu, France</footnote>

<footnote n="3">³ Arvalis, Institut du végétal, Station expérimentale, 91720 Boigneville, France</footnote>

<footnote>* Corresponding author(s): armelle.marais-colombel@inrae.fr</footnote>