Acknowledgments

The authors acknowledge generous support from the NOAA AC4 program from FIREX Firelab and FIREX-AQ. The authors thank the AERONET (NASA GSFC and LOA PHOTONS) and Cimel Electronique teams for providing instrumentation, calibration, measurements and data processing for the mobile DRAGON measurements as well as NASA AERONET staff for coordination with the US Forest Service, Fire Chemistry Lab and the University of Idaho Taylor Ranch Wilderness School staff for set up maintenance and decommission of the stationary DRAGON networks. The authors acknowledge the use of imagery from the NASA Worldview application (https://worldview earthdata.nasa.gov), part of the NASA Earth Observing System Data and Information System (EOSDIS). Part of this work was performed at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under a contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (80NM0018D0004).

References

Abatzoglou, J. T., Battisti, D. S., Williams, A. P., Hansen, W. D., Harvey, B. J., & Kolden, C. A. (2021). Projected increases in western US forest fire despite growing fuel constraints. *Communications Earth & Environment, 2*(1), 227. https://doi.org/10.1038/s43247-021-00299-0

Abatzoglou, J. T., Rupp, D. E., O'Neill, L. W., & Sadegh, M. (2021). Compound extremes drive the Western Oregon wildfires of September 2020. *Geophysical Research Letters, 48*(8). https://doi.org/10.1029/2021gl092520

Adachi, K., Dibb, J. E., Scheuer, E., Katich, J. M., Schwarz, J. P., Perring, A. E., et al. (2022). Fine ash-bearing particles as a major aerosol component in biomass burning smoke. *Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, 127*(2), e2021JD035657. https://doi.org/10.1029/2021JD035657

Adachi, K., Oshima, N., Gong, Z., de Sa, S., Bateman, A. P., Martin, S. T., et al. (2020). Mixing states of Amazon basin aerosol particles transported over long distances using transmission electron microscopy. *Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 20*(20), 11923-11939. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-11923-2020

Addington, R. N., Hudson, S. J., Hiers, J. K., Hurteau, M. D., Hutcherson, T. F., Matusick, G., & Parker, J. M. (2015). Relationships among wildfire, prescribed fire, and drought in a fire-prone landscape in the south-eastern United States. *International Journal of Wildland Fire, 24*(6), 778-783. https://doi.org/10.1071/wf14187

Adetona, O., Reinhardt, T. E., Domitrovich, J., Broyles, G., Adetona, A. M., Kleinman, M. T., et al. (2016). Review of the health effects of wildland fire smoke on wildland firefighters and the public. *Inhalation Toxicology, 28*(3), 95-139. https://doi.org/10.3109/08958378.2016.1145771

Adler, G., Wagner, N. L., Lamb, K. D., Manfred, K. M., Schwarz, J. P., Franchin, A., et al. (2019). Evidence in biomass burning smoke for a light-absorbing aerosol with properties intermediate between brown and black carbon. *Aerosol Science and Technology, 53*(9), 976-989. https://doi.org/10.1080/02786826.2019.1617832

Agarwal, J. K., & Sem, G. J. (1980). Continuous-flow, single-particle-counting condensation nucleus counter. *Journal of Aerosol Science, 11*(4), 343-357. https://doi.org/10.1016/0021-8502(80)90042-7

Ahern, A. T., Robinson, E. S., Tkacik, D. S., Saleh, R., Hatch, L. E., Barsanti, K. C., et al. (2019). Production of secondary organic aerosol during aging of biomass burning smoke from fresh fuels and its relationship to VOC precursors. *Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, 124*(6), 3583-3606. https://doi.org/10.1029/2018jd029068

Ahmadov, R., Grell, G., James, E., Csiszar, I., Tsidulko, M., Pierce, B., et al. (2017). Using VIIRS Fire Radiative Power data to simulate biomass burning emissions, plume rise and smoke transport in a real-time air quality modeling system. In *IEEE international geoscience & remote sensing symposium*.

Akagi, S. K., Craven, J. S., Taylor, J. W., McMeeking, G. R., Yokelson, R. J., Burling, I. R., et al. (2012). Evolution of trace gases and particles emitted by a chaparral fire in California. *Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 12*(3), 1397-1421. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-12-1397-2012

Akagi, S. K., Yokelson, R. J., Burling, I. R., Meinardi, S., Simpson, I., Blake, D. R., et al. (2013). Measurements of reactive trace gases and variable O-3 formation rates in some South Carolina biomass burning plumes. *Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 13*(3), 1141-1165. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-13-1141-2013

Akagi, S. K., Yokelson, R. J., Wiedinmyer, C., Alvarado, M. J., Reid, J. S., Karl, T., et al. (2011). Emission factors for open and domestic biomass burning for use in atmospheric models. *Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 11*(9), 4039-4072. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-11-4039-2011

Andersen, P. C., Williford, C. J., & Birks, J. W. (2010). Miniature personal ozone monitor based on UV Absorbance. *Analytical Chemistry, 82*(19), 7924-7928. https://doi.org/10.1021/ac1013578

Andreae, M. O. (2019). Emission of trace gases and aerosols from biomass burning - An updated assessment. *Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 19*(13), 8523-8546. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-8523-2019

Andreae, M. O., Anderson, B. E., Blake, D. R., Bradshaw, J. D., Collins, J. E., Gregory, G. L., et al. (1994). Influence of plumes from biomass burning on atmospheric chemistry over the equatorial and tropical Atlantic during CITE 3. *Journal of Geophysical Research, 99*(D6), 12793-12808. https://doi.org/10.1029/94jd00263

Ansmann, A., Baars, H., Chudnovsky, A., Mattis, I., Veselovskii, I., Haarig, M., et al. (2018). Extreme levels of Canadian wildfire smoke in the stratosphere over central Europe on 21-22 August 2017. *Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 18*(16), 11831-11845. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-11831-2018

Apel, E. C., Emmons, L. K., Karl, T., Flocke, F., Hills, A. J., Madronich, S., et al. (2010). Chemical evolution of volatile organic compounds in the outflow of the Mexico City Metropolitan area. *Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 10*(5), 2353-2375. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-10-2353-2010

Apel, E. C., Hornbrook, R. S., Hills, A. J., Blake, N. J., Barth, M. C., Weinheimer, A., et al. (2015). Upper tropospheric ozone production from lightning NOx-impacted convection: Smoke ingestion case study from the DC3 campaign. *Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, 120*(6), 2505-2523. https://doi.org/10.1002/2014jd022121

Baker, K. R., Woody, M., Valin, L., Szykman, J., Yates, E., Iraci, L., et al. (2018). Photochemical model evaluation of 2013 California wild fire air quality impacts using surface, aircraft, and satellite data. *Science of the Total Environment, 637*, 1137-1149. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.05.048

Balch, J. K., Bradley, B. A., Abatzoglou, J. T., Nagy, R. C., Fusco, E. J., & Mahood, A. L. (2017). Human-started wildfires expand the fire niche across the United States. *Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 114*(11), 2946-2951. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1617394114

Baumgardner, D., Jonsson, H., Dawson, W., O'Connor, D., & Newton, R. (2001). The cloud, aerosol and precipitation spectrometer: A new instrument for cloud investigations. *Atmospheric Research, 59*, 251-264. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0169-8095(01)00119-3

Baumgardner, D., Newton, R., Krämer, M., Meyer, J., Beyer, A., Wendisch, M., & Vochezer, P. (2014). The cloud particle spectrometer with polarization detection (CPSPD): A next generation open-path cloud probe for distinguishing liquid cloud droplets from ice crystals. *Atmospheric Research, 142*, 2-14. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosres.2013.12.010

Bertschi, I., Yokelson, R. J., Ward, D. E., Babbitt, R. E., Susott, R. A., Goode, J. G., & Hao, W. M. (2003). Trace gas and particle emissions from fires in large diameter and belowground biomass fuels. *Journal of Geophysical Research, 108*(D13), 8472. https://doi.org/10.1029/2002JD002100

Birks, J. W., Andersen, P. C., Williford, C. J., Turnipseed, A. A., Strunk, S. E., Ennis, C. A., & Mattson, E. (2018). Folded tubular photometer for atmospheric measurements of NO2 and NO. *Atmospheric Measurement Techniques, 11*(5), 2821-2835. https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-11-2821-2018

Bodhaine, B. A., Ahlquist, N. C., & Schnell, R. C. (1991). Three-wavelength nephelometer suitable for aircraft measurement of background aerosol scattering coefficient. *Atmospheric Environment, Part A: General Topics, 25*(10), 2267-2276. https://doi.org/10.1016/0960-1686(91)90102-D

Bond, T. C., Anderson, T. L., & Campbell, D. (1999). Calibration and intercomparison of filter-based measurements of visible light absorption by aerosols. *Aerosol Science and Technology, 30*(6), 582-600. https://doi.org/10.1080/027868299304435
Acknowledgments

The authors acknowledge generous support from the NOAA AC4 program from FIREX Firelab and FIREX-AQ. The authors thank the AERONET (NASA GSFC and LOA PHOTONS) and Cimel Electronique teams for providing instrumentation, calibration, measurements and data processing for the mobile DRAGON measurements as well as NASA AERONET staff for coordination with the US Forest Service, Fire Chemistry Lab and the University of Idaho Taylor Ranch Wilderness School staff for set up maintenance and decommission of the stationary DRAGON networks. The authors acknowledge the use of imagery from the NASA Worldview application (https://worldview earthdata.nasa.gov), part of the NASA Earth Observing System Data and Information System (EOSDIS). Part of this work was performed at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under a contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (80NM0018D0004).

References

Abatzoglou, J. T., Battisti, D. S., Williams, A. P., Hansen, W. D., Harvey, B. J., & Kolden, C. A. (2021). Projected increases in western US forest fire despite growing fuel constraints. *Communications Earth & Environment, 2*(1), 227. https://doi.org/10.1038/s43247-021-00299-0

Abatzoglou, J. T., Rupp, D. E., O'Neill, L. W., & Sadegh, M. (2021). Compound extremes drive the Western Oregon wildfires of September 2020. *Geophysical Research Letters, 48*(8). https://doi.org/10.1029/2021gl092520

Adachi, K., Dibb, J. E., Scheuer, E., Katich, J. M., Schwarz, J. P., Perring, A. E., et al. (2022). Fine ash-bearing particles as a major aerosol component in biomass burning smoke. *Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, 127*(2), e2021JD035657. https://doi.org/10.1029/2021JD035657

Adachi, K., Oshima, N., Gong, Z., de Sa, S., Bateman, A. P., Martin, S. T., et al. (2020). Mixing states of Amazon basin aerosol particles transported over long distances using transmission electron microscopy. *Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 20*(20), 11923-11939. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-11923-2020

Addington, R. N., Hudson, S. J., Hiers, J. K., Hurteau, M. D., Hutcherson, T. F., Matusick, G., & Parker, J. M. (2015). Relationships among wildfire, prescribed fire, and drought in a fire-prone landscape in the south-eastern United States. *International Journal of Wildland Fire, 24*(6), 778-783. https://doi.org/10.1071/wf14187

Adetona, O., Reinhardt, T. E., Domitrovich, J., Broyles, G., Adetona, A. M., Kleinman, M. T., et al. (2016). Review of the health effects of wildland fire smoke on wildland firefighters and the public. *Inhalation Toxicology, 28*(3), 95-139. https://doi.org/10.3109/08958378.2016.1145771

Adler, G., Wagner, N. L., Lamb, K. D., Manfred, K. M., Schwarz, J. P., Franchin, A., et al. (2019). Evidence in biomass burning smoke for a light-absorbing aerosol with properties intermediate between brown and black carbon. *Aerosol Science and Technology, 53*(9), 976-989. https://doi.org/10.1080/02786826.2019.1617832

Agarwal, J. K., & Sem, G. J. (1980). Continuous-flow, single-particle-counting condensation nucleus counter. *Journal of Aerosol Science, 11*(4), 343-357. https://doi.org/10.1016/0021-8502(80)90042-7

Ahern, A. T., Robinson, E. S., Tkacik, D. S., Saleh, R., Hatch, L. E., Barsanti, K. C., et al. (2019). Production of secondary organic aerosol during aging of biomass burning smoke from fresh fuels and its relationship to VOC precursors. *Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, 124*(6), 3583-3606. https://doi.org/10.1029/2018jd029068

Ahmadov, R., Grell, G., James, E., Csiszar, I., Tsidulko, M., Pierce, B., et al. (2017). Using VIIRS Fire Radiative Power data to simulate biomass burning emissions, plume rise and smoke transport in a real-time air quality modeling system. In *IEEE international geoscience & remote sensing symposium*.

Akagi, S. K., Craven, J. S., Taylor, J. W., McMeeking, G. R., Yokelson, R. J., Burling, I. R., et al. (2012). Evolution of trace gases and particles emitted by a chaparral fire in California. *Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 12*(3), 1397-1421. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-12-1397-2012

Akagi, S. K., Yokelson, R. J., Burling, I. R., Meinardi, S., Simpson, I., Blake, D. R., et al. (2013). Measurements of reactive trace gases and variable O-3 formation rates in some South Carolina biomass burning plumes. *Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 13*(3), 1141-1165. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-13-1141-2013

Akagi, S. K., Yokelson, R. J., Wiedinmyer, C., Alvarado, M. J., Reid, J. S., Karl, T., et al. (2011). Emission factors for open and domestic biomass burning for use in atmospheric models. *Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 11*(9), 4039-4072. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-11-4039-2011

Andersen, P. C., Williford, C. J., & Birks, J. W. (2010). Miniature personal ozone monitor based on UV Absorbance. *Analytical Chemistry, 82*(19), 7924-7928. https://doi.org/10.1021/ac1013578

Andreae, M. O. (2019). Emission of trace gases and aerosols from biomass burning - An updated assessment. *Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 19*(13), 8523-8546. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-8523-2019

Andreae, M. O., Anderson, B. E., Blake, D. R., Bradshaw, J. D., Collins, J. E., Gregory, G. L., et al. (1994). Influence of plumes from biomass burning on atmospheric chemistry over the equatorial and tropical Atlantic during CITE 3. *Journal of Geophysical Research, 99*(D6), 12793-12808. https://doi.org/10.1029/94jd00263

Ansmann, A., Baars, H., Chudnovsky, A., Mattis, I., Veselovskii, I., Haarig, M., et al. (2018). Extreme levels of Canadian wildfire smoke in the stratosphere over central Europe on 21-22 August 2017. *Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 18*(16), 11831-11845. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-11831-2018

Apel, E. C., Emmons, L. K., Karl, T., Flocke, F., Hills, A. J., Madronich, S., et al. (2010). Chemical evolution of volatile organic compounds in the outflow of the Mexico City Metropolitan area. *Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 10*(5), 2353-2375. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-10-2353-2010

Apel, E. C., Hornbrook, R. S., Hills, A. J., Blake, N. J., Barth, M. C., Weinheimer, A., et al. (2015). Upper tropospheric ozone production from lightning NOx-impacted convection: Smoke ingestion case study from the DC3 campaign. *Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, 120*(6), 2505-2523. https://doi.org/10.1002/2014jd022121

Baker, K. R., Woody, M., Valin, L., Szykman, J., Yates, E., Iraci, L., et al. (2018). Photochemical model evaluation of 2013 California wild fire air quality impacts using surface, aircraft, and satellite data. *Science of the Total Environment, 637*, 1137-1149. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.05.048

Balch, J. K., Bradley, B. A., Abatzoglou, J. T., Nagy, R. C., Fusco, E. J., & Mahood, A. L. (2017). Human-started wildfires expand the fire niche across the United States. *Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 114*(11), 2946-2951. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1617394114

Baumgardner, D., Jonsson, H., Dawson, W., O'Connor, D., & Newton, R. (2001). The cloud, aerosol and precipitation spectrometer: A new instrument for cloud investigations. *Atmospheric Research, 59*, 251-264. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0169-8095(01)00119-3

Baumgardner, D., Newton, R., Krämer, M., Meyer, J., Beyer, A., Wendisch, M., & Vochezer, P. (2014). The cloud particle spectrometer with polarization detection (CPSPD): A next generation open-path cloud probe for distinguishing liquid cloud droplets from ice crystals. *Atmospheric Research, 142*, 2-14. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosres.2013.12.010

Bertschi, I., Yokelson, R. J., Ward, D. E., Babbitt, R. E., Susott, R. A., Goode, J. G., & Hao, W. M. (2003). Trace gas and particle emissions from fires in large diameter and belowground biomass fuels. *Journal of Geophysical Research, 108*(D13), 8472. https://doi.org/10.1029/2002JD002100

Birks, J. W., Andersen, P. C., Williford, C. J., Turnipseed, A. A., Strunk, S. E., Ennis, C. A., & Mattson, E. (2018). Folded tubular photometer for atmospheric measurements of NO2 and NO. *Atmospheric Measurement Techniques, 11*(5), 2821-2835. https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-11-2821-2018

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Fishman, J., Hoell, J. M., Bendura, R. D., McNeil, R. J., & Kirchhoff, V. (1996). NASA GTE TRACE A experiment (September October 1992): Overview. *Journal of Geophysical Research*, 101(D19), 23865-23879. https://doi.org/10.1029/96jd00123

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Frank, T. (2020). U.S. wildfires plummeted in 2019. *Experts say it won't last*. E&E News. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.abb7869

Freitas, S. R., Longo, K. M., Alonso, M. F., Pirre, M., Marecal, V., Grell, G., et al. (2011). PREP-CHEM-SRC-1.0: A preprocessor of trace gas and aerosol emission fields for regional and global atmospheric chemistry models. *Geoscientific Model Development*, 4(2), 419-433. https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-4-419-2011

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Giles, D. M., Sinyuk, A., Sorokin, M. G., Schafer, J. S., Smirnov, A., Slutsker, I., et al. (2019). Advancements in the Aerosol Robotic Network (AERONET) Version 3 database - Automated near-real-time quality control algorithm with improved cloud screening for Sun photometer aerosol optical depth (AOD) measurements. *Atmospheric Measurement Techniques*, 12(1), 169-209. https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-12-169-2019

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Green, R. O., Eastwood, M. L., Sarture, C. M., Chrien, T. G., Aronsson, M., Chippendale, B. J., et al. (1998). Imaging spectroscopy and the airborne visible infrared imaging spectrometer (AVIRIS). *Remote Sensing of Environment*, 65(3), 227-248. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0034-4257(98)00064-9

Griffin, D., McLinden, C. A., Dammers, E., Adams, C., Stockwell, C. E., Warneke, C., et al. (2021). Biomass burning nitrogen dioxide emissions derived from space with TROPOMI: Methodology and validation. *Atmospheric Measurement Techniques*, 14(12), 7929-7957. https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-14-7929-2021

Guerette, E. A., Paton-Walsh, C., Desservettaz, M., Smith, T. E. L., Volkova, L., Weston, C. J., & Meyer, C. P. (2018). Emissions of trace gases from Australian temperate forest fires: Emission factors and dependence on modified combustion efficiency. *Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics*, 18(5), 3717-3735. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-3717-2018

Guo, H., Campuzano-Jost, P., Nault, B. A., Day, D. A., Schroder, J. C., Kim, D., et al. (2021). The importance of size ranges in aerosol instrument intercomparisons: A case study for the atmospheric Tomography mission. *Atmospheric Measurement Techniques*, 14(5), 3631-3655. https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-14-3631-2021

Hair, J. W., Hostetler, C. A., Cook, A. L., Harper, D. B., Ferrare, R. A., Mack, T. L., et al. (2008). Airborne high spectral resolution lidar for profiling aerosol optical properties. *Applied Optics*, 47(36), 6734-6752. https://doi.org/10.1364/ao.47.006734

Hall, S. R., Ullmann, K., Prather, M. J., Flynn, C. M., Murray, L. T., Fiore, A. M., et al. (2018). Cloud impacts on photochemistry: Building a climatology of photolysis rates from the atmospheric Tomography mission. *Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics*, 18(22), 16809-16828. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-16809-2018

Hannun, R. A., Swanson, A. K., Bailey, S. A., Hanisco, T. F., Bui, T. P., Bourgeois, I., et al. (2020). A cavity-enhanced ultraviolet absorption instrument for high-precision, fast-time-response ozone measurements. *Atmospheric Measurement Techniques*, 13(12), 6877-6887. https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-13-6877-2020

Hatch, L. E., Luo, W., Pankow, J. F., Yokelson, R. J., Stockwell, C. E., & Barsanti, K. C. (2015). Identification and quantification of gaseous organic compounds emitted from biomass burning using two-dimensional gas chromatography-time-of-flight mass spectrometry. *Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics*, 15(4), 1865-1899. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-1865-2015

Hatch, L. E., Yokelson, R. J., Stockwell, C. E., Veres, P. R., Simpson, I. J., Blake, D. R., et al. (2017). Multi-instrument comparison and compila-
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Kleinman, L. I., Sedlacek, A. J. III, Adachi, K., Buseck, P. R., Collier, S., Dubey, M. K., et al. (2020). Rapid evolution of aerosol particles and their optical properties downwind of wildfires in the western US. *Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics*, **20**(21), 13319–13341. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-13319-2020

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Kupc, A., Williamson, C., Wagner, N. L., Richardson, M., & Brock, C. A. (2018). Modification, calibration, and performance of the Ultra-High Sensitivity Aerosol Spectrometer for particle size distribution and volatility measurements during the Atmospheric Tomography Mission (ATom) airborne campaign. *Atmospheric Measurement Techniques*, **11**(1), 369–383. https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-11-369-2018

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Hook, S. J., Myers, J. E. J., Thome, K. J., Fitzgerald, M., & Kahle, A. B. (2001). The MODIS/ASTER airborne simulator (MASTER) - A new instrument for Earth science studies. *Remote Sensing of Environment*, **76**(1), 93–102. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0034-4257(00)00195-4

Huntrieser, H., Lichtenstern, M., Scheibe, M., Aufmhoff, H., Schlager, H., Pucik, T., et al. (2016). Injection of lightning-produced NOx, water vapor, wildfire emissions, and stratospheric air to the UT/LS as observed from DC3 measurements. *Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres*, **121**(11), 6638–6668. https://doi.org/10.1002/2015jd024273

Jacob, D. J., Crawford, J. H., Maring, H., Clarke, A. D., Dibb, J. E., Emmons, L. K., et al. (2010). The arctic research of the composition of the troposphere from aircraft and satellites (ARCTAS) mission: Design, execution, and first results. *Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics*, **10**(11), 5191–5212. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-10-5191-2010

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Jayne, J. T., Leard, D. C., Zhang, X., Davidovits, P., Smith, K. A., Kolb, C. E., & Worsnop, D. R. (2000). Development of an aerosol mass spectrometer for size and composition analysis of submicron particles. *Aerosol Science and Technology*, **33**(1–2), 49–70. https://doi.org/10.1080/027868200410840

Jen, C. N., Hatch, L. E., Selimovic, V., Yokelson, R. J., Weber, R., Fernandez, A. E., et al. (2019). Speciated and total emission factors of particulate organics from burning western US wildland fuels and their dependence on combustion efficiency. *Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics*, **19**(2), 1013–1026. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-1013-2019

Jordan, C. E., Anderson, B. E., Barrick, J. D., Blum, D., Brunke, K., Chai, J., et al. (2022). Beyond the ångström exponent: Probing additional information in spectral curvature and variability of in situ aerosol hyperspectral (0.3–0.7 µm) optical properties. *Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres*, **127**(21), e2022JD037201. https://doi.org/10.1029/2022JD037201

Jordan, C. E., Anderson, B. E., Beyersdorf, A. J., Corr, C. A., Dibb, J. E., Greenslade, M. E., et al. (2015). Spectral aerosol extinction (SpEx): A new instrument for in situ ambient aerosol extinction measurements across the UV/visible wavelength range. *Atmospheric Measurement Techniques*, **8**(11), 4755–4771. https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-8-4755-2015

Jordan, C. E., Stauffer, R. M., Lamb, B. T., Hudgins, C. H., Thornhill, K. L., Schuster, G. L., et al. (2021). New in situ aerosol hyperspectral optical measurements over 300-700 nm - Part 1: Spectral Aerosol Extinction (SpEx) instrument field validation during the KORUS-OC cruise. *Atmospheric Measurement Techniques*, **14**(1), 695–713. https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-14-695-2021

Junkermann, W., Platt, U., & Volzthomas, A. (1989). A photoelectric detector for the measurement of photolyis frequencies of ozone and other atmospheric molecules. *Journal of Atmospheric Chemistry*, **8**(3), 203–227. https://doi.org/10.1007/bf00051494

Karion, A., Sweeney, C., Petron, G., Frost, G., Michael Hardesty, R., Kofler, J., et al. (2013). Methane emissions estimate from airborne measurements over a western United States natural gas field. *Geophysical Research Letters*, **40**(16), 4393–4397. https://doi.org/10.1002/grl.50811

Karol, Y., Tanre, D., Goloub, P., Vervaerde, C., Balois, J. Y., Blarel, L., et al. (2013). Airborne sun photometer PLASMA: Concept, measurements, comparison of aerosol extinction vertical profile with lidar. *Atmospheric Measurement Techniques*, **6**(9), 2383–2389. https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-6-2383-2013

Kaspari, J. H., Chai, J., Anderson, B. E., Jordan, C., Scheuer, E., Hastings, M. G., & Dibb, J. E. (2021). Influence of solar irradiation on nitrous acid production in Western U.S. wildfire smoke. *Earth and Space Science Open Archive*, **21**. https://doi.org/10.1002/essoar.10506007.1

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Kitzberger, T., Brown, P. M., Heyerdahl, E. K., Swetnam, T. W., & Veblen, T. T. (2007). Contingent Pacific–Atlantic Ocean influence on multi-century wildfire synchrony over western North America. *Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences*, **104**(2), 543–548. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0606078104

Kleinman, L. I., Sedlacek, A. J. III, Adachi, K., Buseck, P. R., Collier, S., Dubey, M. K., et al. (2020). Rapid evolution of aerosol particles and their optical properties downwind of wildfires in the western US. *Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics*, **20**(21), 13319–13341. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-13319-2020

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Kowalewski, M. G., & Janz, S. J. (2014). Remote sensing capabilities of the GEO-CAPE airborne simulator. In J. J. Butler, X. Xiong, & X. Gu (Eds.), *Earth observing systems XIX*. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2062058

Krechmer, J., Lopez-Hilfiker, F., Koss, A., Hutterli, M., Stoermer, C., Deming, B., et al. (2018). Evaluation of a new reagent-ion source and focusing ion–molecule reactor for use in proton-transfer-reaction mass spectrometry. *Analytical Chemistry*, **90**(20), 12011–12018. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.analchem.8b02641

Kumar, A., Pierce, R. B., Ahmadov, R., Pereira, G., Freitas, S., Grell, G., et al. (2022). Simulating wildfire emissions and plumeerise using geostationary satellite fire radiative power measurements: A case study of the 2019 Williams flats fire. *Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions*, **2022**, 1–68. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-2022-33

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Pankow, J. F., Luo, W., Melnychenko, A. N., Barsanti, K. C., Isabelle, L. M., Chen, C., et al. (2012). Volatilizable biogenic organic compounds (VBOCs) with two dimensional gas chromatography-time of flight mass spectrometry (GC x GC-TOFMS): Sampling methods, VBOC complexity, and chromatographic retention data. *Atmospheric Measurement Techniques*, **5**(2), 345–361. https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-5-345-2012

Park, R. J., Jacob, D. J., & Logan, J. A. (2007). Fire and biofuel contributions to annual mean aerosol mass concentrations in the United States. *Atmospheric Environment*, **41**(35), 7389–7400. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2007.05.061

Permar, W., Wang, Q., Selimovic, V., Wielgasz, C., Yokelson, R. J., Hornbrook, R. S., et al. (2021). Emissions of trace organic gases from western US Wildfires based on WE-CAN aircraft measurements. *Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres*, **126**(11). https://doi.org/10.1029/2020jd033838

Peterson, D. A., Campbell, J. R., Hyer, E. J., Fromm, M. D., Kablick, G. P., Cossuth, J. H., & DeLand, M. T. (2018). Wildfire-driven thunderstorms cause a volcano-like stratospheric injection of smoke. *NPJ Climate and Atmospheric Science*, **1**, 30. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41612-018-0039-3

Peterson, D. A., Fromm, M. D., McRae, R. H. D., Campbell, J. R., Hyer, E. J., Taha, G., et al. (2021). Australia's Black Summer pyrocumulus super outbreak reveals potential for increasingly extreme stratospheric smoke events. *NPJ Climate and Atmospheric Science*, **4**(1), 38. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41612-021-00192-9

Peterson, D. A., Fromm, M. D., Solbrig, J. E., Hyer, E. J., Surratt, M. L., & Campbell, J. R. (2017). Detection and inventory of intense pyroconvection in Western North America using GOES-15 daytime infrared data. *Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology*, **56**(2), 471–493. https://doi.org/10.1175/jamc-d-16-0226.1

Peterson, D. A., Hyer, E. J., Campbell, J. R., Fromm, M. D., Hair, J. W., Butler, C. F., & Fenn, M. A. (2015). THE 2013 RIM FIRE implications for predicting extreme fire spread, pyroconvection, and smoke emissions. *Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society*, **96**(2), 229–247. https://doi.org/10.1175/bams-d-14-00060.1

Peterson, D. A., Hyer, E. J., Campbell, J. R., Solbrig, J. E., & Fromm, M. D. (2017). A conceptual model for development of intense pyrocumulus in Western North America. *Monthly Weather Review*, **145**(6), 2235–2255. https://doi.org/10.1175/mwr-d-16-0232.1

Peterson, D. A., Thapa, L. H., Saide, P. E., Soja, A. J., Gargulinski, E. M., Hyer, E. J., et al. (2022). Measurements from inside a thunderstorm driven by wildfire: The 2019 FIREX-AQ field experiment. *Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society*. https://doi.org/10.1175/bams-d-21-0049.1

Potter, C. (2020). Snowmelt timing impacts on growing season phenology in the northern range of Yellowstone National Park estimated from MODIS satellite data. *Landscape Ecology*, **35**(2), 373–388. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10980-019-00951-3

Pouliot, G., Rao, V., McCarty, J. L., & Soja, A. (2017). Development of the crop residue and rangeland burning in the 2014 National Emissions Inventory using information from multiple sources. *Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association*, **67**(5), 613–622. https://doi.org/10.1080/10962247.2016.1268982

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Yacovitch, T. I., Herndon, S. C., Roscioli, J. R., Floerchinger, C., McGovern, R. M., Agnese, M., et al. (2014). Demonstration of an ethane spectrometer for methane source identification. *Environmental Science & Technology*, 48(14), 8028–8034. https://doi.org/10.1021/es501475q

Yates, E. L., Iraci, L., Singh, H., Tanaka, T., Roby, M., Hamill, P., et al. (2016). Airborne measurements and emission estimates of greenhouse gases and other trace constituents from the 2013 California Yosemite Rim wildfire. *Atmos. Environ.*, 127, 293–302. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2015.12.038

Ye, X., Arab, P., Ahmadov, R., James, E., Grell, G. A., Pierce, B., et al. (2021). Evaluation and intercomparison of wildfire smoke forecasts from multiple modeling systems for the 2019 Williams Flats fire. *Atmos. Chem. Phys.*, 21(18), 14427–14469. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-14427-2021

Ye, X., Saide, P. E., Hair, J., Fenn, M., Shingler, T., Soja, A., et al. (2022). Assessing vertical allocation of wildfire smoke emissions using observational constraints from airborne lidar in the Western U.S. *Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres*, 127(21), e2022JD036808. https://doi.org/10.1029/2022JD036808

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Yokelson, R. J., Burling, I. R., Urbanski, S. P., Atlas, E. L., Adachi, K., Buseck, P. R., et al. (2011). Trace gas and particle emissions from open biomass burning in Mexico. *Atmos. Chem. Phys.*, 11(14), 6787–6808. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-11-6787-2011

Yokelson, R. J., Crounse, J. D., DeCarlo, P. F., Karl, T., Urbanski, S., Atlas, E., et al. (2009). Emissions from biomass burning in the Yucatan. *Atmos. Chem. Phys.*, 9(15), 5785–5812. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-9-5785-2009

Yokelson, R. J., Goode, J. G., Ward, D. E., Susott, R. A., Babbitt, R. E., Wade, D. D., et al. (1999). Emissions of formaldehyde, acetic acid, methanol, and other trace gases from biomass fires in North Carolina measured by airborne Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. *Journal of Geophysical Research*, 104(D23), 30109–30125. https://doi.org/10.1029/1999jd900817

Yu, P. F., Toon, O. B., Bardeen, C. G., Bucholtz, A., Rosenlof, K. H., Saide, P. E., et al. (2016). Surface dimming by the 2013 Rim Fire simulated by a sectional aerosol model. *Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres*, 121(12), 7079–7087. https://doi.org/10.1002/2015jd024702

Yuan, B., Koss, A. R., Warneke, C., Coggon, M., Sekimoto, K., & de Gouw, J. A. (2017). Proton-transfer-reaction mass spectrometry: Applications in atmospheric sciences. *Chemical Reviews*, 117(21), 13187–13229. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemrev.7b00325

Zarzana, K. J., Min, K. E., Washenfelder, R. A., Kaiser, J., Krawiec-Thayer, M., Peischl, J., et al. (2017). Emissions of glyoxal and other carbonyl compounds from agricultural biomass burning plumes sampled by aircraft. *Environ. Sci. Technol.*, 51(20), 11761–11770. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.7b03517

Zeng, L., Dibb, J., Scheuer, E., Katich, J. M., Schwarz, J. P., Bourgeois, I., et al. (2022). Characteristics and evolution of brown carbon in western United States wildfires. *Atmos. Chem. Phys.*, 22(12), 8009–8036. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-8009-2022

Zeng, L., Sullivan, A. P., Washenfelder, R. A., Dibb, J., Scheuer, E., Campos, T. L., et al. (2021). Assessment of online water-soluble brown carbon measuring systems for aircraft sampling. *Atmos. Meas. Tech.*, 14(10), 6357–6378. https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-14-6357-2021

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Hatch, L. E., Rivas-Ubach, A., Jen, C. N., Lipton, M., Goldstein, A. H., & Barsanti, K. C. (2018). Measurements of I/SVOCs in biomass-burning smoke using solid-phase extraction disks and two-dimensional gas chromatography. *Atmos. Chem. Phys.*, 18(24), 17801–17817. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-17801-2018

Jen, C. N., Liang, Y., Hatch, L. E., Kreisberg, N. M., Stamatis, C., Kristensen, K., et al. (2018). High hydroquinone emissions from burning manzanita. *Environmental Science & Technology Letters*, 5(6), 309–314. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.estlett.8b00222

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Li, H., Lamb, K. D., Schwarz, J. P., Selimovic, V., Yokelson, R. J., McMeeking, G. R., & May, A. A. (2019). Inter-comparison of black carbon measurement methods for simulated open biomass burning emissions. *Atmos. Environ.*, 206, 156–169. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2019.03.010

Lim, C. Y., Hagan, D. H., Coggon, M. M., Koss, A. R., Sekimoto, K., de Gouw, J., et al. (2019). Secondary organic aerosol formation from the laboratory oxidation of biomass burning emissions. *Atmos. Chem. Phys.*, 19(19), 12797–12809. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-12797-2019

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McClure, C. D., & Jaffe, D. A. (2018). Investigation of high ozone events due to wildfire smoke in an urban area. *Atmos. Environ.*, 194, 146–157. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2018.09.021

McClure, C. D., Lim, C. Y., Hagan, D., Kroll, J. H., & Cappa, C. D. (2020). Biomass-burning-derived particles from a wide variety of fuels - Part 1: Properties of primary particles. *Atmos. Chem. Phys.*, 20(3), 1531–1547. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-1531-2020

Ren, X., Luke, W. T., Kelley, P., Cohen, M. D., Olson, M. L., Walker, J., et al. (2020). Long-term observations of atmospheric speciated mercury at a coastal site in the Northern Gulf of Mexico during 2007-2018. *Atmosphere*, 11(3), 268. https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos11030268

Santin, C., Doerr, S. H., Jones, M. W., Merino, A., Warneke, C., & Roberts, J. M. (2020). The Relevance of pyrogenic carbon for carbon budgets from fires: Insights from the FIREX experiment. *Global Biogeochemical Cycles*, 34(9). https://doi.org/10.1029/2020gb006647

Stockwell, C. E., Kupc, A., Witkowski, B., Talukdar, R. K., Liu, Y., Selimovic, V., et al. (2018). Characterization of a catalyst-based conversion technique to measure total particulate nitrogen and organic carbon and comparison to a particle mass measurement instrument. *Atmospheric Measurement Techniques*, 11(5), 2749–2768. https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-11-2749-2018

Tomaz, S., Cui, T. Q., Chen, Y. Z., Sexton, K. G., Roberts, J. M., Warneke, C., et al. (2018). Photochemical cloud processing of primary wildfire emissions as a potential source of secondary organic aerosol. *Environ. Sci. Technol.*, 52(19), 11027–11037. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.8b03293

Womack, C. C., Manfred, K. M., Wagner, N. L., Adler, G., Franchin, A., Lamb, K. D., et al. (2021). Complex refractive indices in the ultraviolet and visible spectral region for highly absorbing non-spherical biomass burning aerosol. *Atmos. Chem. Phys.*, 21(9), 7235–7252. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-7235-2021

Zarzana, K. J., Selimovic, V., Koss, A. R., Sekimoto, K., Coggon, M. M., Yuan, B., et al. (2018). Primary emissions of glyoxal and methylglyoxal from laboratory measurements of open biomass burning. *Atmos. Chem. Phys.*, 18(20), 15451–15470. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-15451-2018

Zhang, Q., Zhou, S., Collier, S., Jaffe, D., Onasch, T., Shilling, J., et al. (2018). Understanding composition, formation, and aging of organic aerosols in wildfire emissions via combined mountain top and airborne measurements. In S. W. Hunt, A. Laskin, & S. A. Nizkorodov (Eds.), *Multiphase environmental chemistry in the atmosphere* (pp. 363–385).

Zhou, S., Collier, S., Jaffe, D. A., Briggs, N. L., Hee, J., Sedlacek, A. J., III, et al. (2017). Regional influence of wildfires on aerosol chemistry in the western US and insights into atmospheric aging of biomass burning organic aerosol. *Atmos. Chem. Phys.*, 17(3), 2477–2493. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-2477-2017
Chai, J. J., Miller, D. J., Scheuer, E., Dibb, J., Selimovic, V., Yokelson, R., et al. (2019). Isotopic characterization of nitrogen oxides (NOx), nitrous acid (HONO), and nitrate (pNO(3)(-)) from laboratory biomass burning during FIREX. *Atmospheric Measurement Techniques*, 12(12), 6303–6317. https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-12-6303-2019

Chandra, B. P., McClure, C. D., Mulligan, J., & Jaffe, D. A. (2020). Optimization of a method for the detection of biomass-burning relevant VOCs in Urban areas using thermal desorption gas chromatography mass spectrometry. *Atmosphere*, 11(3), 276. https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos11030276

Collier, S., Zhou, S., Onasch, T. B., Jaffe, D. A., Kleinman, L., Sedlacek, A. J., et al. (2016). Regional influence of aerosol emissions from wildfires driven by combustion efficiency: Insights from the BBOP campaign. *Environ. Sci. Technol.*, 50(16), 8613–8622. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.6b01617

Decker, Z. C. J., Zarzana, K. J., Coggon, M., Min, K. E., Pollack, I., Ryerson, T. B., et al. (2019). Nighttime chemical transformation in biomass burning plumes: A box model analysis initialized with aircraft observations. *Environ. Sci. Technol.*, 53(5), 2529–2538. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.8b05359

de Gouw, J. A., & Warneke, C. (2007). Measurements of volatile organic compounds in the Earths atmosphere using proton-transfer-reaction mass spectrometry. *Mass Spectrometry Reviews*, 26(2), 223–257. https://doi.org/10.1002/mas.20119

Hatch, L. E., Jen, C. N., Kreisberg, N. M., Selimovic, V., Yokelson, R. J., Stamatis, C., et al. (2019). Highly speciated measurements of terpenoids emitted from laboratory and mixed-conifer forest prescribed fires. *Environ. Sci. Technol.*, 53(16), 9418–9428. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.9b02612

Hatch, L. E., Rivas-Ubach, A., Jen, C. N., Lipton, M., Goldstein, A. H., & Barsanti, K. C. (2018). Measurements of I/SVOCs in biomass-burning smoke using solid-phase extraction disks and two-dimensional gas chromatography. *Atmos. Chem. Phys.*, 18(24), 17801–17817. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-17801-2018

Jen, C. N., Liang, Y., Hatch, L. E., Kreisberg, N. M., Stamatis, C., Kristensen, K., et al. (2018). High hydroquinone emissions from burning manzanita. *Environmental Science & Technology Letters*, 5(6), 309–314. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.estlett.8b00222

Laskin, A., Lin, P., Laskin, J., Fleming, L. T., & Nizkorodov, S. (2018). Molecular characterization of atmospheric brown carbon. In S. W. Hunt, A. Laskin, & S. A. Nizkorodov (Eds.), *Multiphase environmental chemistry in the atmosphere* (pp. 261–274).

Li, H., Lamb, K. D., Schwarz, J. P., Selimovic, V., Yokelson, R. J., McMeeking, G. R., & May, A. A. (2019). Inter-comparison of black carbon measurement methods for simulated open biomass burning emissions. *Atmos. Environ.*, 206, 156–169. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2019.03.010

Lim, C. Y., Hagan, D. H., Coggon, M. M., Koss, A. R., Sekimoto, K., de Gouw, J., et al. (2019). Secondary organic aerosol formation from the laboratory oxidation of biomass burning emissions. *Atmos. Chem. Phys.*, 19(19), 12797–12809. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-12797-2019

Lin, P., Fleming, L. T., Nizkorodov, S. A., Laskin, J., & Laskin, A. (2018). Comprehensive molecular characterization of atmospheric Brown carbon by high resolution mass spectrometry with electrospray and atmospheric pressure photoionization. *Anal. Chem.*, 90(21), 12493–12502. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.analchem.8b02177

Lyman, S. N., Gratz, L. E., Dunham-Cheatham, S. M., Gustin, M. S., & Luippold, A. (2020). Improvements to the accuracy of atmospheric oxidized mercury measurements. *Environmental Science & Technology*, 54(21), 13379–13388. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.0c02747

McClure, C. D., & Jaffe, D. A. (2018). Investigation of high ozone events due to wildfire smoke in an urban area. *Atmos. Environ.*, 194, 146–157. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2018.09.021

McClure, C. D., Lim, C. Y., Hagan, D., Kroll, J. H., & Cappa, C. D. (2020). Biomass-burning-derived particles from a wide variety of fuels - Part 1: Properties of primary particles. *Atmos. Chem. Phys.*, 20(3), 1531–1547. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-1531-2020

Ren, X., Luke, W. T., Kelley, P., Cohen, M. D., Olson, M. L., Walker, J., et al. (2020). Long-term observations of atmospheric speciated mercury at a coastal site in the Northern Gulf of Mexico during 2007-2018. *Atmosphere*, 11(3), 268. https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos11030268

Santin, C., Doerr, S. H., Jones, M. W., Merino, A., Warneke, C., & Roberts, J. M. (2020). The Relevance of pyrogenic carbon for carbon budgets from fires: Insights from the FIREX experiment. *Global Biogeochemical Cycles*, 34(9). https://doi.org/10.1029/2020gb006647

Stockwell, C. E., Kupc, A., Witkowski, B., Talukdar, R. K., Liu, Y., Selimovic, V., et al. (2018). Characterization of a catalyst-based conversion technique to measure total particulate nitrogen and organic carbon and comparison to a particle mass measurement instrument. *Atmospheric Measurement Techniques*, 11(5), 2749–2768. https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-11-2749-2018

Tomaz, S., Cui, T. Q., Chen, Y. Z., Sexton, K. G., Roberts, J. M., Warneke, C., et al. (2018). Photochemical cloud processing of primary wildfire emissions as a potential source of secondary organic aerosol. *Environ. Sci. Technol.*, 52(19), 11027–11037. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.8b03293

Womack, C. C., Manfred, K. M., Wagner, N. L., Adler, G., Franchin, A., Lamb, K. D., et al. (2021). Complex refractive indices in the ultraviolet and visible spectral region for highly absorbing non-spherical biomass burning aerosol. *Atmos. Chem. Phys.*, 21(9), 7235–7252. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-7235-2021

Zarzana, K. J., Selimovic, V., Koss, A. R., Sekimoto, K., Coggon, M. M., Yuan, B., et al. (2018). Primary emissions of glyoxal and methylglyoxal from laboratory measurements of open biomass burning. *Atmos. Chem. Phys.*, 18(20), 15451–15470. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-15451-2018

Zhang, Q., Zhou, S., Collier, S., Jaffe, D., Onasch, T., Shilling, J., et al. (2018). Understanding composition, formation, and aging of organic aerosols in wildfire emissions via combined mountain top and airborne measurements. In S. W. Hunt, A. Laskin, & S. A. Nizkorodov (Eds.), *Multiphase environmental chemistry in the atmosphere* (pp. 363–385).

Zhou, S., Collier, S., Jaffe, D. A., Briggs, N. L., Hee, J., Sedlacek, A. J., III, et al. (2017). Regional influence of wildfires on aerosol chemistry in the western US and insights into atmospheric aging of biomass burning organic aerosol. *Atmos. Chem. Phys.*, 17(3), 2477–2493. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-2477-2017