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Maire, V., Wright, I. J., Prentice, I. C., Batjes, N. H., Bhaskar, R., van Bodegom, P. M., Cornwell, W. K., Ellsworth, D., Niinemets, Ü., Ordoñez, A., Reich, P. B., & Santiago, L. S. (2015c). Data from: Global effects of soil and climate on leaf photosynthetic traits and rates. *Dryad Digital Repository* https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.j42m7

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Martinez-Garza, C., Bongers, F., & Poorter, L. (2013a). Are functional traits good predictors of species performance in restoration plantings in tropical abandoned pastures? *Forest Ecology and Management*, **303**, 35–45.

Medlyn, B. E., Badeck, F.-W., De Pury, D. G. G., Barton, C. V. M., Broadmeadow, M., Ceulemans, R., De Angelis, P., Forstreuter, M., Jach, M. E., Kellomäki, S., Laitat, E., Marek, M., Philippot, S., Rey, A., Strassemeyer, J., Laitinen, K., Liozon, R., Portier, B., Robertntz, P., ... Jarvis, P. G. (1999). Effects of elevated CO2 on photosynthesis in European forest species: A meta-analysis of model parameters. *Plant, Cell and Environment*, **22**, 1475–1495.

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Meir, P., & Levy, P. E. (2007). Photosynthetic parameters from two contrasting woody vegetation types in West Africa. *Plant Ecology*, **192**(2), 277–287. 11 p.

Messier, J., McGill, B. J., & Lechowicz, M. J. (2010). How do traits vary across ecological scales? A case for trait-based ecology. *Ecology Letters*, **13**, 838–848.

Michaletz, S. T., & Johnson, E. A. (2006). A heat transfer model of crown scorch in forest fires. *Canadian Journal of Forest Research*, **36**(11), 2839–2851.

Milla, R., & Reich, P. B. (2011). Multi-trait interactions, not phylogeny, fine-tune leaf size reduction with increasing altitude. *Annals of Botany*, **107**, 455–465.

Moretti, M., & Legg, C. (2009). Combining plant and animal traits to assess community functional responses to disturbance. *Ecography*, **32**, 299309. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0587.2008.05524.x

Mori, A. S., Shiono, T., Haraguchi, T. F., Ota, A. T., Koide, D., Ohgue, T., Kitagawa, R., Maeshiro, R., Aung, T. T., Nakamori, T., Hagiwara, Y., Matsuoka, S., Ikeda, A., Hishi, T., Hobara, S., Mizumachi, E., Frisch, A., Thor, G., Fujii, S., ... Gustafsson, L. (2015). Functional redundancy of multiple forest taxa along an elevational gradient: Predicting the consequences of non-random species loss. *Journal of Biogeography*, **42**, 1383–1396. https://doi.org/10.1111/jbi.12514

Niinemets, U. (2001). Global-scale climatic controls of leaf dry mass per area, density, and thickness in trees and shrubs. *Ecology*, **82**, 453–469.

Ogaya, R., & Penuelas, J. (2003). Comparative field study of *Quercus ilex* and *Phillyrea latifolia*: Photosynthetic response to experimental drought conditions. *Environmental and Experimental Botany*, **50**, 137–148.

Onstein, R. E., Carter, R. J., Yaowu Xing, H., & LinderInstitute, P. (2014). Diversification rate shifts in the cape floristic region: The right traits in the right place at the right time. *Perspectives in Plant Ecology, Evolution and Systematics*, **16**(6), 331–340. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ppees.2014.08.002

Ordonez, J. C., van Bodegom, P. M., Witte, J. P. M., Bartholomeus, R. P., van Hal, J. R., & Aerts, R. (2010). Plant strategies in relation to resource supply in Mesic to wet environments: Does theory Mirror nature? *American Naturalist*, **175**, 225–239.

Paula, S., Arianoutsou, M., Kazanis, D., Tavsanoglu, Ç., Lloret, F., Buhk, C., Ojeda, F., Luna, B., Moreno, J. M., Rodrigo, A., Espelta, J. M., Palacio, S., Fernández-Santos, B., Fernandes, P. M., & Pausas, J. G. (2009). Fire-related traits for plant species of the Mediterranean Basin. *Ecology*, **90**, 1420.

Penuelas, J., Sardans, J., Llusia, J., Owen, S., Carnicer, J., Giambelluca, T. W., Rezende, E. L., Waite, M., & Niinemets, Ü. (2010). Faster returns on "leaf economics" and different biogeochemical niche in invasive compared with native plant species. *Global Change Biology*, **16**, 2171–2185.

Pierce, S., Brusa, G., Vagge, I., & Cerabolini, B. E. L. (2013). Allocating CSR plant functional types: The use of leaf economics and size traits to classify woody and herbaceous vascular plants. *Functional Ecology*, **27**(4), 1002–1010.

Pillar, V. D., & Sosinski, E. E. (2003). An improved method for searching plant functional types by numerical analysis. *Journal of Vegetation Science*, **14**, 323–332.

Poorter, H., Niinemets, U., Poorter, L., Wright, I. J., & Villar, R. (2009). Causes and consequences of variation in leaf mass per area (LMA): A meta-analysis. *New Phytologist*, **182**, 565–588.

Prentice, I. C., Meng, T., Wang, H., Harrison, S. P., Ni, J., & Wang, G. (2011). Evidence for a universal scaling relationship of leaf CO2 drawdown along a moisture gradient. *New Phytologist*, **190**, 169–180.

Preston, K. A., Cornwell, W. K., & DeNoyer, J. L. (2006). Wood density and vessel traits as distinct correlates of ecological strategy in 51 California coast range angiosperms. *New Phytologist*, **170**, 807–818.

Price, C. A., & Enquist, B. J. (2007). Scaling of mass and morphology in dicotyledonous leaves: An extension of the WBE model. *Ecology*, **88**(5), 1132–1141.

Quested, H. M., Cornelissen, J. H. C., Press, M. C., Callaghan, T. V., Aerts, R., Trosien, F., Riemann, P., Gwynn-Jones, D., Kondratchuk, A., & Jonasson, S. E. (2003). Decomposition of sub-arctic plants with differing nitrogen economies: A functional role for hemiparasites. *Ecology*, **84**, 3209–3221.

Reich, P. B., Oleksyn, J., & Wright, I. J. (2009). Leaf phosphorus influences the photosynthesis-nitrogen relation: A cross-biome analysis of 314 species. *Oecologia*, **160**, 207–212.

Reich, P. B., Tjoelker, M. G., Pregitzer, K. S., Wright, I. J., Oleksyn, J., & Machado, J. L. (2008). Scaling of respiration to nitrogen in leaves, stems and roots of higher land plants. *Ecology Letters*, **11**, 793–801.

Royal Botanical Gardens KEW. 2008. Seed Information Database (SID). Version 7.1. Available from: http://data.kew.org/sid/ (May 2011).

Royal Botanical Gardens KEW Seed Information Database (SID). http://data.kew.org/sid/

Scherer-Lorenzen, M., Schulze, E.-D., Don, A., Schumacher, J., & Weller, E. (2007). Exploring the functional significance of forest diversity: A new long-term experiment with temperate tree species (BIOTREE). *Perspectives in Plant Ecology, Evolution and Systematics*, **9**, 53–70.

Shiodera, S., Rahajoe, J. S., & Kohyama, T. (2008). Variation in longevity and traits of leaves among co-occurring understorey plants in a tropical montane forest. *Journal of Tropical Ecology*, **24**, 121–133.

Shipley, B. (2002). Trade-offs between net assimilation rate and specific leaf area in determining relative growth rate: Relationship with daily irradiance. *Functional Ecology*, **16**(5), 682–689.

Shipley, B., & Vu, T. T. (2002). Dry matter content as a measure of dry matter concentration in plants and their parts. *New Phytologist*, **153**, 359–364.

Siefert, A. (2012). Spatial patterns of functional divergence in old-field plant communities. *Oikos*, **121**, 907–914.

Slot, M., Rey-Sanchez, C., Winter, K., & Kitajima, K. (2014). Trait-based scaling of temperature-dependent foliar respiration in a species-rich tropical forest canopy. *Functional Ecology*, **28**, 1074–1086. https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2435.12263

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Willis, C. G., Halina, M., Lehman, C., Reich, P. B., Keen, A., McCarthy, S., & Cavender-Bares, J. (2010). Phylogenetic community structure in

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Wright, I. J., Ackerly, D. D., Bongers, F., Harms, K. E., Ibarra-Manriquez, G., Martinez-Ramos, M., Mazer, S. J., Muller-Landau, H. C., Paz, H., Pitman, N. C. A., Poorter, L., Silman, M. R., Vriesendorp, C. F., Webb, C. O., Westoby, M., & Wright, S. J. (2007). Relationships among ecologically important dimensions of plant trait variation in seven neotropical forests. *Annals of Botany*, 99, 1003-1015.

Wright, I. J., Reich, P. B., Westoby, M., Ackerly, D. D., Baruch, Z., Bongers, F., Cavender-Bares, J., Chapin, T., Cornelissen, J. H. C., Diemer, M., Flexas, J., Garnier, E., Groom, P. K., Gulias, J., Hikosaka, K., Lamont, B. B., Lee, T., Lee, W., Lusk, C., ... Villar, R. (2004). The worldwide leaf economics spectrum. *Nature*, 428, 821-827.

Wright, S. J., Kitajima, K., Kraft, N. J. B., Reich, P. B., Wright, I. J., Bunker, D. E., Condit, R., Dalling, J. W., Davies, S. J., Díaz, S., Engelbrecht, B. M. J., Harms, K. E., Hubbell, S. P., Marks, C. O., Ruiz-Jaen, M. C., Salvador, C. M., & Zanne, A. E. (2011). Functional traits and the growth-mortality tradeoff in tropical trees. *Ecology*, 91, 3664-3674.

Xu, L. K., & Baldocchi, D. D. (2003). Seasonal trends in photosynthetic parameters and stomatal conductance of blue oak (*Quercus douglasii*) under prolonged summer drought and high temperature. *Tree Physiology*, 23, 865-877.
Takkis, K. (2014). Changes in plant species richness and population performance in response to habitat loss and fragmentation. Dissertationes Biologicae Universitatis Tartuensis 255, 2014-04-07 http://hdl.handle.net/10062/39546

van de Weg, M. J., Grace, P. M. J., & Ramos, G. D. (2011). Photosynthetic parameters, dark respiration and leaf traits in the canopy of a Peruvian tropical montane cloud forest. *Oecologia*. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00442-011-2068-z

van de Weg, M. J., Meir, P., Grace, J., & Atkin, O. (2009). Altitudinal variation in leaf mass per unit area, leaf tissue density and foliar nitrogen and phosphorus content along the Amazon-Andes gradient in Peru. *Plant Ecology & Diversity*, 2(3), 243-254.

van der Plas, F., & Olff, H. (2014). Mesoherbivores affect grasshopper communities in a megaherbivore-dominated South African savannah. *Oecologia*, 175, 639. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00442-014-2920-z

Vergutz, L., S. Manzoni, A. Porporato, R.F. Novais, and R.B. Jackson. 2012. A global database of carbon and nutrient concentrations of Green and senesced leaves [Data set]. Oak Ridge National Laboratory Distributed Active Archive Center. http://daac.ornl.gov. https://doi.org/10.3334/ORNLDAAC/1106

Vile, D. 2005. *Significations fonctionnelle et écologique des traits des especes vegetales: exemple dans une succession post-cultural mediterraneenne et generalisations*. [Doctoral thesis, Université de Sherbrook.]

Walker, A.P. 2014. A global data set of leaf photosynthetic rates, leaf N and P, and specific leaf area. [Data set]. Oak Ridge National Laboratory Distributed Active Archive Center. http://daac.ornl.gov. https://doi.org/10.3334/ORNLDAAC/1224

Willis, C. G., Halina, M., Lehman, C., Reich, P. B., Keen, A., McCarthy, S., & Cavender-Bares, J. (2010). Phylogenetic community structure in

Minnesota oak savanna is influenced by spatial extent and environmental variation. *Ecography*, 33, 565-577.

Wilson, K. B., Baldocchi, D. D., & Hanson, P. J. (2000). Spatial and seasonal variability of photosynthetic parameters and their relationship to leaf nitrogen in a deciduous forest. *Tree Physiology*, 20(9), 565-578.

Wirth, C., & Lichstein, J. W. (2009). The imprint of species turnover on old-growth Forest carbon balances - insights from a trait-based model of Forest dynamics. In C. Wirth, G. Gleixner, & M. Heimann (Eds.), *Old-growth forests: Function, fate and value* (pp. 81-113). Springer.

Wright, I. J., Ackerly, D. D., Bongers, F., Harms, K. E., Ibarra-Manriquez, G., Martinez-Ramos, M., Mazer, S. J., Muller-Landau, H. C., Paz, H., Pitman, N. C. A., Poorter, L., Silman, M. R., Vriesendorp, C. F., Webb, C. O., Westoby, M., & Wright, S. J. (2007). Relationships among ecologically important dimensions of plant trait variation in seven neotropical forests. *Annals of Botany*, 99, 1003-1015.

Wright, I. J., Reich, P. B., Westoby, M., Ackerly, D. D., Baruch, Z., Bongers, F., Cavender-Bares, J., Chapin, T., Cornelissen, J. H. C., Diemer, M., Flexas, J., Garnier, E., Groom, P. K., Gulias, J., Hikosaka, K., Lamont, B. B., Lee, T., Lee, W., Lusk, C., ... Villar, R. (2004). The worldwide leaf economics spectrum. *Nature*, 428, 821-827.

Wright, S. J., Kitajima, K., Kraft, N. J. B., Reich, P. B., Wright, I. J., Bunker, D. E., Condit, R., Dalling, J. W., Davies, S. J., Díaz, S., Engelbrecht, B. M. J., Harms, K. E., Hubbell, S. P., Marks, C. O., Ruiz-Jaen, M. C., Salvador, C. M., & Zanne, A. E. (2011). Functional traits and the growth-mortality tradeoff in tropical trees. *Ecology*, 91, 3664-3674.

Xu, L. K., & Baldocchi, D. D. (2003). Seasonal trends in photosynthetic parameters and stomatal conductance of blue oak (*Quercus douglasii*) under prolonged summer drought and high temperature. *Tree Physiology*, 23, 865-877.