Lee, Michael Parrish 119–120

Lehan, Richard 99–100

Lem, Stanislaw 125

Lenin, Vladimir Ilyich 203

Lever, Charles 202

Lewis, C. S. 150

Lewis, Wyndham 201; see also Filibusters in *Barbary*

*Lilith* 141, 147–162

Lincoln, Abraham 177

Lincoln Penitentiary, Nebraska 180

literary agents 13

London: East and West parts of 8–9, 39, 68–69, 117; population growth in 3, 39

Lucas, John 197, 202–203

Luckhurst, Roger 84–85, 104–105, 207

Lukács, Georg 1, 131–132

Lynd, Helen Merrell 17

MacDonald, George 9, 13, 16, 31, 140–143, 147–162, 200, 207; see also *Lilith*; *Phantastes*; *The Princess and Curdie*; and *There and Back*

MacDonald, Louisa, 142

McGillis, Roderick 149

Machen, Arthur 142, 143, 200; see also *The Great God Pan*

*Maggie* 51

*A Man in the Zoo* 197–199

Margree, Victoria 86–87

Married Women's Property Acts (1870 and 1882) 28–30, 191–192

Marsh, Richard 7, 31, 70, 84–85, 94, 101–104, 131; see also *The Beetle*

Marx, Karl 10–12, 21, 110, 117, 183; see also *Capital*

*Mary Barton* 7

Massey, Irving 5

Maudsley, Henry 26

Mayhew, Henry 8, 176

meat-eating 111, 120

medievalism, cult of 140–141

Melville, Herman 120

Mendlesohn, Farah 141, 159–160

Merrick, Joseph 54–55; see also ‘The Elephant Man’

*Metamorphoses* (Ovid) 3

metamorphosis, concepts of 1–5, 6–7, 9–11, 14, 23, 76, 77, 92, 143, 161, 198

*The Metamorphosis* (Kafka) 205

metaphor, use of 2, 6–7, 8, 9, 10–11, 14, 19–20, 23, 26–27, 30–31, 48, 54–55, 64, 70,

75, 81, 107, 132, 153, 162, 181, 184, 187, 197, 199, 204, 207–208

Mew, Charlotte 197; see also *The Farmer’s Bride*

*Middlemarch* 128

Miles, Peter 52

Milton, John 162; see also *Paradise Lost* ‘The Model Millionaire’ 169–173

money: as an agent of social transformation 11–12, 29, 41; in literature 41, 140, 187–192

monogenesis 25

Morris, William 142

Morrison, Arthur 40, 49–53, 61; see also *A Child of the Jago*

Munro, H. H. 199; see also Saki

Mussolini, Benito 203

natural selection, theory of 18–22; see also Darwin, Charles; Darwinism; survival of the fittest

naturalism, literary 1, 3, 22, 23, 27, 39, 40, 41, 50, 52, 58, 63, 123, 124, 177, 203

Neetens, Wim 3, 13–16, 29

*The Nether World* 8, 61–63

New Woman phenomenon 27, 28–30, 81–82, 111, 133, 134

Nietzsche, Friedrich 4, 22

Nordau, Max 2, 5, 19, 26–27, 30–31, 165; see also *Degeneration*

Norman, Tom 54

Orientalism 80

Orwell, George 203–204; see also *The Road to Wigan Pier*

Ouida 136

*Our Mutual Friend* 12

Ovid 3; see also *The Metamorphosis*

Paine, Thomas 16

Paley, William 25

*Paradise Lost* 162

Park, Fredrick 27

Parnell, Charles Stewart 27, 181

Parry, Jonathan 11–12

Pater, Walter 185

*Phantastes* 142

Phillips, Adam 6

*The Picture of Dorian Gray* 43, 69, 78, 88, 166

*The Pilgrim's Progress* 158

Poe, Edgar Allan 150

*Police Illustrated News* 68

polygenesis 25
portal-quest narratives 141, 159–160

‘The Portrait of Mr. W. H.’ 173–174

postmodern art 205–206

poverty 42–3, 50, 52–53, 68, 144, 148, 153, 170–171, 173, 175–176

*The Princess and Curdie* 149

prostitution 28, 43, 59, 64–67, 180

psychoanalysis 6–8, 22, 83, 99, 120

*Punch* 16

Punter, David 43, 76, 78

*The Purple Sapphire* 197

Queensberry, Marquis of 27, 165, 181, 184

Raeper, William 140–141, 148–149, 154–155, 162

*The Rainbow* 128

realism, literary 1, 9, 12, 40, 41, 50, 52, 63, 104, 121, 125, 128–132, 186

Reform Acts (1884–85) 15–16, 42

revolutionary threats 42, 52–53, 69–70

Richter, Virginia 18

ripper murders 68–69, 144; see also Jack the Ripper

Ritvo, Harriet 24–25

*The Road to Wigan Pier* 203

Rosebery, Lord 27

Ross, Robert 180, 182–183, 192

Rossetti, Christina 136

Ruskin, John 148

Said, Edward 79

Saki 199–200, 204; see also ‘The She-Wolf’

Salisbury, Lord 15–16

Schopenhauer, Arthur 22

Schreiner, Olive 136

Schweizer, Bernard 203–204

science fiction 6, 13, 107–108, 121, 125, 132, 141, 155

‘scientific romance’ 107, 121, 123, 125–127, 207

‘The Second Coming’ 202–203

Second World War 201

sexual relationships and sexual behaviour 27–30

sexuality: changes in 167; female 92; male 180; see also homosexuality

Shakespeare, William 136; see also *The Tempest*

Sharpe, Tom 200

Shaw, George Bernard 4, 52–53, 69–70, 175; see also *Widowers’ Houses*

*She* 13

Shelley, Mary 84; see also *Frankenstein*

Sherard, Robert H. 168, 180

‘The She-Wolf’ 199–200

short stories 12–13, 135; of Oscar Wilde 169–175

Showalter, Elaine 9, 27

Sickert, Helena 180

Silver, Carole 162

Simmel, Georg 11

*Sister Carrie* 61, 124

Sitwell, Edith 202

Sitwell, Osbert 202

‘slumming’ 69

slumps 42

Small, Helen 2

Smith, Adam 11

Smith, Samuel 42

Smithers, Leonard 168

Social Darwinism 20, 114–117

socialism 16–17, 25, 58–59, 60, 69, 118, 168, 173, 175–178, 208

Society of Authors 13

‘The Soul of Man under Socialism’ 175–178, 186

Soper, Kate 205

speech codes 52

Spencer, Herbert 19, 112, 115

‘The Sphinx’ 180

Stanley, Henry M. 7, 78; see also *In Darkest Africa*

*The Star* 68, 69

Stead, W. T. 28, 64–68

Stevenson, Robert Louis 7, 41, 42, 45, 46, 47, 48–49, 68, 78, 113; see also *The Strange Case of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde*

Stoker, Bram 7, 31, 70, 74, 75, 74–85, 207; see also *Dracula*

Stokes, John 173–175, 178

*The Strange Case of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde* 7, 41–49, 56, 66, 68, 78, 84, 113, 129–130, 153

Sturgis, Matthew 5–6, 23

survival of the fittest 20, 24–25; see also Darwin, Charles; Darwinism; natural selection, theory of

Suvin, Darko 121, 123

Swafford, Kevin 52–53

Symons, Arthur 167

*Teleny* 95

*The Tempest* 103
Terry, Ellen 181

*There and Back* 154

Tillett, Ben 39–40

*The Time Machine* 4, 6–8, 21, 43–44, 62, 107–116, 119–121, 125, 135, 153, 156, 159

*The Times* 86

Tolkien, J. R. R. 128; see also *The Hobbit*

trade unionism 13, 17

travel 5, 6–9, 10, 26, 31, 56, 60–62, 79, 80–81, 85, 107, 108–110, 115–116, 126, 132, 141, 153, 156, 157, 159, 162, 197, 201–204, 207

Treves, Sir Frederick 54–55

unemployment 15, 22, 39–40, 42, 57–58, 70, 86, 89–90, 166, 175, 176

vegetarianism 111

Vint, Sherryl 31

Vizetelly, Henry 23

Vuohelainen, Minna 94

Wagner, Richard 26, 30

Walkowitz, Judith 68–69

Wallis Budge, E. A. 99

*War with the Newts* 200–201, 204

*The War of the Worlds* 4, 7, 80, 104, 107, 125–132, 135, 136

Warner, Marina 3–4, 10, 76

Warwick, Alexandra 81

*Washington Post* 180

*Washington Square* 56

*The Waste Land* 202

Watt, A. P. 13

Waugh, Benjamin 64

Webb, Beatrice 40

*Weekly Sun* 165

Wells, H. G. 4, 6–7, 8, 9, 12–13, 21, 30, 31, 78, 80, 87, 94, 107–136, 155, 175, 207; see also *First and Last Things; Hoopdriver’s Holiday; The Invisible Man; The Island of Doctor Moreau; The Time Machine; The War of the Worlds; The Wheels of Chance*

*Westminster Review* 112

*The Wheels of Chance* 132–136

Whistler, James McNeill 180

Whitechapel 53–54, 55–57, 68–69

Whitman, Walt 26

*Widowers’ Houses* 52–53

Wilde, Constance 181–182

Wilde, Jane Francesca 181

Wilde, Lily 181

Wilde, Oscar 9, 19–20, 27, 28–30, 31, 78, 81, 91, 142, 148, 165–93; biographies of 192; effect of imprisonment on 182–186; plays by 187–192; prison and post-prison writings of 177–179, 183, 186; short stories by 169–175; see also ‘The Ballad of Reading Gaol’; ‘The Decay of Lying’; *De Profundis*; ‘The Happy Prince’; *The Importance of Being Earnest; Lady Windermere’s Fan*; ‘The Model Millionaire’; *The Picture of Dorian Gray*; ‘The Portrait of Mr. W. H.’; ‘The Soul of Man under Socialism’; ‘The Sphinx’; *A Woman of No Importance*; ‘The Young King’

Wilde, William 182

Wilkinson, Ellen 203; see also *Clash*

Williams, Raymond 7, 21–22, 39

‘Wireless’ 13

Wolfe, Cary 206

Wolfreys, Julian 104

*A Woman of No Importance* 190–192

women’s rights 28–29

Wooldridge, Charles Thomas 177–178

Wordsworth, William 143, 185

Yeats, W. B. 202–203; see also ‘The Second Coming’

‘The Young King’ 173–174

Zangwill, Israel 117; see also *Children of the Ghetto*

Zola, Emile 23, 31; see also *The Earth*