<table><caption>Table A20: Heterogenous effects on urea top or side dressing for household head, by crop</caption><thead><tr><th rowspan="2"></th><th colspan="3">Teff</th><th colspan="3">Wheat</th><th colspan="3">Maize</th></tr><tr><th colspan="3">Urea top dressing</th><th colspan="3">Urea top dressing</th><th colspan="3">Urea side dressing</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>Any DG</td><td>0.104**<br>(0.0469)</td><td>0.0822***<br>(0.0260)</td><td>0.113***<br>(0.0321)</td><td>0.141***<br>(0.0482)</td><td>0.0903***<br>(0.0298)</td><td>0.0796**<br>(0.0387)</td><td>0.0415<br>(0.0435)</td><td>0.0345<br>(0.0248)</td><td>0.0341<br>(0.0315)</td></tr><tr><td>Medium distance to FTC</td><td>0.0507<br>(0.0552)</td><td>0.0374<br>(0.0304)</td><td>0.0325<br>(0.0305)</td><td>0.0418<br>(0.0551)</td><td>0.0186<br>(0.0330)</td><td>0.0169<br>(0.0330)</td><td>-0.0143<br>(0.0456)</td><td>0.00173<br>(0.0286)</td><td>0.00546<br>(0.0282)</td></tr><tr><td>Far from FTC</td><td>0.0324<br>(0.0488)</td><td>0.0112<br>(0.0299)</td><td>0.0113<br>(0.0302)</td><td>0.105*<br>(0.0572)</td><td>0.0242<br>(0.0342)</td><td>0.0233<br>(0.0342)</td><td>0.0803<br>(0.0562)</td><td>0.0343<br>(0.0309)</td><td>0.0372<br>(0.0308)</td></tr><tr><td>Any DG x Medium distance from FTC</td><td>-0.0328<br>(0.0658)</td><td></td><td></td><td>-0.0421<br>(0.0685)</td><td></td><td></td><td>0.0207<br>(0.0586)</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Any DG x Far from FTC</td><td>-0.0337<br>(0.0616)</td><td></td><td></td><td>-0.123*<br>(0.0699)</td><td></td><td></td><td>-0.0682<br>(0.0661)</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Model farmer in household</td><td></td><td>0.105**<br>(0.0435)</td><td></td><td></td><td>0.0564<br>(0.0419)</td><td></td><td></td><td>0.0511<br>(0.0428)</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Any DG x Model farmer in household</td><td></td><td>-0.0104<br>(0.0537)</td><td></td><td></td><td>-0.00420<br>(0.0498)</td><td></td><td></td><td>-0.0142<br>(0.0496)</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Top asset quantile</td><td></td><td></td><td>0.116***<br>(0.0348)</td><td></td><td></td><td>0.0263<br>(0.0400)</td><td></td><td></td><td>0.0981***<br>(0.0352)</td></tr><tr><td>Any DG x Top asset quantile</td><td></td><td></td><td>-0.0641<br>(0.0435)</td><td></td><td></td><td>0.0121<br>(0.0501)</td><td></td><td></td><td>-0.00643<br>(0.0457)</td></tr><tr><td>Constant</td><td>0.316***<br>(0.0409)</td><td>0.301***<br>(0.0305)</td><td>0.273***<br>(0.0348)</td><td>0.311***<br>(0.0401)</td><td>0.328***<br>(0.0329)</td><td>0.332***<br>(0.0376)</td><td>0.466***<br>(0.0363)</td><td>0.460***<br>(0.0297)</td><td>0.427***<br>(0.0313)</td></tr><tr><td>Control mean</td><td>0.371</td><td>0.371</td><td>0.371</td><td>0.333</td><td>0.333</td><td>0.333</td><td>0.506</td><td>0.506</td><td>0.506</td></tr><tr><td>Observations</td><td>1,540</td><td>1,540</td><td>1,540</td><td>1,492</td><td>1,492</td><td>1,492</td><td>1,332</td><td>1,332</td><td>1,332</td></tr><tr><td>R-squared</td><td>0.287</td><td>0.294</td><td>0.293</td><td>0.241</td><td>0.241</td><td>0.240</td><td>0.440</td><td>0.440</td><td>0.447</td></tr></tbody></table>

Note: Robust standard errors in parentheses, clustered at the *kebele* level. *Woreda* fixed effects. Controls for whether household head received formal education, distance to nearest dry season road, distance to nearest all-weather road, and distance to nearest marketplace. *** p<0.01, ** p<0.05, * p<0.1.

Source: Authors' calculations.
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