<table>
<tr>
<th valign="top">
							Issue
					</th>
<td width="10"></td>
<td>
<div>
											E3S Web Conf.
									</div>
<div><strong>Volume </strong>659, 2025				</div>
				
					                The 7<sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">th</sup> International Conference on Green Environmental Engineering and Technology (IConGEET2025)
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<tr><td class="sep_issue" colspan="3"></td></tr>
</tr>
<tr>
<th>
					Article Number
					</th>
<td></td>
<td>03006</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th>
					Number of page(s)
					</th>
<td></td>
<td>8</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th>Section</th>
<td></td>
<td>Environmental Sustainability and Development</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th>DOI</th>
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202565903006">
					https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202565903006
				</a>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th>Published online</th>
<td></td>
<td>
				20 November 2025
			</td>
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</table>

## Proposal for Architectural Twin: A Review of Spatial Efficiency in a Tropical Building Design

F.X. Teddy Badai Samodra* and Alvin Jamily R

Department of Architecture, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Kampus ITS, Sukolilo, Surabaya, Indonesia, 60111

* Corresponding author: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

Abstract

Space constraints drive the search for more efficient architectural design solutions. Architectural twins, which combine real and virtual spaces (infosphere), offer great potential. This study examines the concept of architectural twins using the space efficiency graph method, which evaluates the efficiency of standard spaces from multiple aspects, including space, resources, functions, and time. The results show that architectural twins can effectively optimize space usage and adapt to standard space size and changing needs. Thus, architectural twins can be a relevant solution to future land constraint challenges.

Key words: Adaptable / Spatial Shift / Sustainable / Transit Hub / Virtual Space

© The Authors, published by EDP Sciences, 2025

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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