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Oullier, O., De Guzman, G., Jantzen, K. J., Lagarde, J., and Kelso, J. A. S. (2008). Social coordination dynamics: measuring human bonding. *Soc. Neurosci.* 3, 178–192. doi: 10.1080/17470910701563392

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Ramseyer, F., and Tschacher, W. (2011). Nonverbal synchrony in psychotherapy: coordinated body-movement reflects relationship quality and outcome. *J. Consult. Clin. Psychol.* 79, 284–295. doi: 10.1037/a0023419

Rankin, S. K., Large, E. W., and Fink, P. W. (2009). Fractal tempo fluctuation and pulse prediction. *Music Percept.* 26, 401–413. doi: 10.1525/mp.2009.26.5.401

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Repp, B. H. (2008). Multiple temporal references in sensorimotor synchronization with metrical auditory sequences. *Psychol. Res.* 72, 79–98. doi: 10.1007/s00426-006-0067-1

Repp, B. H., and Keller, P. E. (2008). Sensorimotor synchronization with adaptively timed sequences. *Hum. Mov. Sci.* 27, 423–456. doi: 10.1016/j.humov.2008.02.016

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Richardson, M. J., Marsh, K. L., and Baron, R. M. (2007a). Judging and actualizing intrapersonal and interpersonal affordances. *J. Exp. Psychol. Hum. Percept. Perform.* 33, 845–859. doi: 10.1037/0096-1523.33.4.845

Richardson, M. J., Marsh, K. L., Isenhower R., Goodman J., and Schmidt R. C. (2007b). Rocking together: dynamics of intentional and unintentional interpersonal coordination. *Hum. Mov. Sci.* 26, 867–891. doi: 10.1016/j.humov.2007.07.002

Richardson, M. J., Marsh, K. L., and Schmidt, R. C. (2005). Effects of visual and verbal interaction on unintentional interpersonal coordination. *J. Exp. Psychol. Hum. Percept. Perform.* 31, 62–79. doi: 10.1037/0096-1523.31.1.62

Riley, M. A., Richardson, M. J., Shockley, K., and Ramenzoni, V. C. (2011). Interpersonal synergies. *Front. Mov. Sci. Sport Psychol.* 2, 1–7. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2011.00038

Ruhleder, K., and Jordan, B. (2001). Co-constructing non-mutual realities: delay-generated trouble in distributed interaction. *Comput. Support. Coop. Work* 10, 113–138. doi: 10.1023/A:1011243905593

Sacheli, L. M., Tidoni, E., Pavone, E. F., Aglioti, S. M., and Candidi, M. (2013). Kinematics fingerprints of leader and follower role-taking during cooperative joint actions. *Exp. Brain Res.* 226, 473–486. doi: 10.1007/s00221-013-3459-7

Sadler, P., Ethier, N., Gunn, G. R., Duong, D., and Woody, E. (2009). Are we on the same wavelength? Interpersonal complementarity as shared cyclical patterns during interactions. *J. Pers. Soc. Psychol.* 97, 1005–1020. doi: 10.1037/a016232

Sadler, P., Ethier, N., and Woody, E. (2011). "Interpersonal complementarity," in *Handbook of Interpersonal Psychology: Theory, Research, Assessment, and Therapeutic Interventions*, eds L. M. Horowitz and S. N. Strack (New York: Wiley), 123–142.

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Schmidt, R. C., Fitzpatrick, P., Caron, R., and Mergeche, J. (2011). Understanding social motor coordination. *Hum. Mov. Sci.* 30, 834–845. doi: 10.1016/j.humov.2010.05.014

Schmidt, R. C., Morr, S., Fitzpatrick, P. A., and Richardson, M. J. (2012). Measuring the dynamics of interactional synchrony. *J. Nonverbal Behav.* 36, 263–279. doi: 10.1007/s10919-012-0138-5

Schmidt, R. C., and O'Brien, B. (1997). Evaluating the dynamics of unintended interpersonal coordination. *Ecol. Psychol.* 9, 189–206. doi: 10.1207/s15326969eco0903_2

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Stephen, D. G., and Dixon, J. A. (2011). Strong anticipation: multifractal cascade dynamics modulate scaling in synchronization behaviors. *Chaos Solitons Fractals* 44, 160–168. doi: 10.1016/j.chaos.2011.01.005

Stephen, D. G., Stepp, N., Dixon, J. A., and Turvey, M. T. (2008). Strong anticipation: Sensitivity to long-range correlations in synchronization behavior. *Physica A Stat. Mech. Appl.* 387, 5271–5278. doi: 10.1016/j.physa.2008.05.015

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Varela, F. J. (1999a). “The specious present,” in *Naturalizing Phenomenology*, eds J. Petitot, F. J. Varela, B. J. Pachoud, and M. Roy (Stanford: Stanford University Press).

Varela, F. J. (1999b). “Steps to a science of interbeing: unfolding the Dharma implicit in modern cognitive science,” in *The Psychology of Awakening: Buddhism, Science and Our Day to Day Lives*, eds G. Watson, S. Batchelor, and G. Claxton (New York: Rider/Random House), 71–89.

Varela, F. J., Maturana, H. R., and Uribe, R. (1974). Autopoiesis: the organization of living systems, its characterization and a model. *Biosystems* 5, 187–196. doi: 10.1016/0303-2647(74)90031-8

Varela, F. J., Thompson, E., and Rosch, E. (1991). *The Embodied Mind: Cognitive Science and Human Experience*. Cambridge: MIT Press.

Varlet, M., Marin, L., Capdevielle, D., Del-Monte, J., Schmidt, R., Salesse, R., et al. (2014). Difficulty leading interpersonal coordination: towards an embodied signature of social anxiety disorder. *Front. Behav. Neurosci.* 8:29. doi: 10.3389/fnbeh.2014.00029

Varlet, M., Marin, L., Lagarde, J., and Bardy, B. G. (2011). Social postural coordination. *J. Exp. Psychol. Hum. Percept. Perform.* 37, 473–483. doi: 10.1037/a0020552

Varlet, M., Marin, L., Raffard, S., Schmidt, R. C., Capdevielle, D., Boulenger, J. P., et al. (2012). Impairments of social motor coordination in schizophrenia. *PLoS ONE* 7:e29772. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0029772

Vrobel, S. (2011). *Fractal Time: Why A Watched Kettle Never Boils*. Singapore: World Scientific.

Wagenmakers, E.-J., Farrell, S., and Ratcliff, R. (2004). Estimation and interpretation of 1/f-noise in human cognition. *Psychon. Bull. Rev.* 11, 579–615. doi: 10.3758/BF03196615

Watanabe, T., Miwa, Y., Naito, G., Matsushima, N., and Nishi, H. (2011). “Support for generation of sympathetic embodied awareness: measurement of hand contact improvisation under load fluctuation stress,” in *Human Interface and the Management of Information. Interacting with Information*, eds M. J. Smith and G. Salvendy (Berlin: Springer Berlin Heidelberg), 508–518. doi: 10.1007/978-3-642-21793-7_58

Weber, A., and Varela, F. J. (2002). Life after Kant: natural purposes and the autopoeitic foundations of biological individuality. *Phenomenol. Cogn. Sci.* 1, 97–125. doi: 10.1023/A:1020368120174

Werner, G. (2010). Fractals in the nervous system: conceptual implications for theoretical neuroscience. *Front. Physiol.* 1:15. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2010.00015

West, B. J., Geneston, E. L., and Grigolini, P. (2008). Maximizing information exchange between complex networks. *Phys. Rep.* 468, 1–99. doi: 10.1016/j.physrep.2008.06.003

Wiese, S. L., Vallacher, R. R., and Strawinska, U. (2010). Dynamical social psychology: complexity and coherence in human experience. *Soc. Pers. Psychol. Compass* 4, 1018–1030. doi: 10.1111/j.1751-9004.2010.00319.x

Wijnants, M. L., Hasselman, F., Cox, R. F. A., Bosman, A. M. T., and Van Orden, G. (2012). An interaction-dominant perspective on reading fluency and dyslexia. *Ann. Dyslexia* 62, 100–119. doi: 10.1007/s11881-012-0067-3

Wilson, M. (2002). Six views of embodied cognition. *Psychon. Bull. Rev.* 9, 625–636. doi: 10.3758/BF03196322

Wiltermuth, S. S., and Heath, C. (2009). Synchrony and cooperation. *Psychol. Sci.* 20, 1–5. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-9280.2008.02253.x

Wing, A. M., and Kristofferson, A. B. (1973). Response delays and the timing of discrete motor responses. *Percept. Psychophys.* 14, 5–12. doi: 10.3758/BF03198607

Yokoyama, K., and Yamamoto, Y. (2011). Three people can synchronize as coupled oscillators during sports activities. *PLoS Comput. Biol.* 7:e1002181. doi: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1002181

Zahavi, D. (2003). “Internal time-consciousness and pre-reflective self-awareness,” in *The New Husserl: A Critical Reader*, ed. D. Welton (Bloomington: Indiana University Press), 157–180.

**Conflict of Interest Statement:** The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

*Received: 16 May 2014; accepted: 29 September 2014; published online: 31 October 2014.*

*Citation: Laroche J, Berardi AM and Brangier E (2014) Embodiment of intersubjective time: relational dynamics as attractors in the temporal coordination of interpersonal behaviors and experiences. *Front. Psychol.* 5:1180. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2014.01180*

*This article was submitted to Cognitive Science, a section of the journal Frontiers in Psychology.*

Copyright © 2014 Laroche, Berardi and Brangier. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
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Varela, F. J. (1979). *Principles of Biological Autonomy*. New York: Elsevier.

Varela, F. J. (1988). *Invitation Aux Sciences Cognitives*. Paris: Seuil.

Varela, F. J. (1995). Resonant cell assemblies: a new approach to cognitive functions and neuronal synchrony. *Biol. Res.* 28, 81–95.

Varela, F. J. (1999a). “The specious present,” in *Naturalizing Phenomenology*, eds J. Petitot, F. J. Varela, B. J. Pachoud, and M. Roy (Stanford: Stanford University Press).

Varela, F. J. (1999b). “Steps to a science of interbeing: unfolding the Dharma implicit in modern cognitive science,” in *The Psychology of Awakening: Buddhism, Science and Our Day to Day Lives*, eds G. Watson, S. Batchelor, and G. Claxton (New York: Rider/Random House), 71–89.

Varela, F. J., Maturana, H. R., and Uribe, R. (1974). Autopoiesis: the organization of living systems, its characterization and a model. *Biosystems* 5, 187–196. doi: 10.1016/0303-2647(74)90031-8

Varela, F. J., Thompson, E., and Rosch, E. (1991). *The Embodied Mind: Cognitive Science and Human Experience*. Cambridge: MIT Press.

Varlet, M., Marin, L., Capdevielle, D., Del-Monte, J., Schmidt, R., Salesse, R., et al. (2014). Difficulty leading interpersonal coordination: towards an embodied signature of social anxiety disorder. *Front. Behav. Neurosci.* 8:29. doi: 10.3389/fnbeh.2014.00029

Varlet, M., Marin, L., Lagarde, J., and Bardy, B. G. (2011). Social postural coordination. *J. Exp. Psychol. Hum. Percept. Perform.* 37, 473–483. doi: 10.1037/a0020552

Varlet, M., Marin, L., Raffard, S., Schmidt, R. C., Capdevielle, D., Boulenger, J. P., et al. (2012). Impairments of social motor coordination in schizophrenia. *PLoS ONE* 7:e29772. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0029772

Vrobel, S. (2011). *Fractal Time: Why A Watched Kettle Never Boils*. Singapore: World Scientific.

Wagenmakers, E.-J., Farrell, S., and Ratcliff, R. (2004). Estimation and interpretation of 1/f-noise in human cognition. *Psychon. Bull. Rev.* 11, 579–615. doi: 10.3758/BF03196615

Watanabe, T., Miwa, Y., Naito, G., Matsushima, N., and Nishi, H. (2011). “Support for generation of sympathetic embodied awareness: measurement of hand contact improvisation under load fluctuation stress,” in *Human Interface and the Management of Information. Interacting with Information*, eds M. J. Smith and G. Salvendy (Berlin: Springer Berlin Heidelberg), 508–518. doi: 10.1007/978-3-642-21793-7_58

Weber, A., and Varela, F. J. (2002). Life after Kant: natural purposes and the autopoeitic foundations of biological individuality. *Phenomenol. Cogn. Sci.* 1, 97–125. doi: 10.1023/A:1020368120174

Werner, G. (2010). Fractals in the nervous system: conceptual implications for theoretical neuroscience. *Front. Physiol.* 1:15. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2010.00015

West, B. J., Geneston, E. L., and Grigolini, P. (2008). Maximizing information exchange between complex networks. *Phys. Rep.* 468, 1–99. doi: 10.1016/j.physrep.2008.06.003

Wiese, S. L., Vallacher, R. R., and Strawinska, U. (2010). Dynamical social psychology: complexity and coherence in human experience. *Soc. Pers. Psychol. Compass* 4, 1018–1030. doi: 10.1111/j.1751-9004.2010.00319.x

Wijnants, M. L., Hasselman, F., Cox, R. F. A., Bosman, A. M. T., and Van Orden, G. (2012). An interaction-dominant perspective on reading fluency and dyslexia. *Ann. Dyslexia* 62, 100–119. doi: 10.1007/s11881-012-0067-3

Wilson, M. (2002). Six views of embodied cognition. *Psychon. Bull. Rev.* 9, 625–636. doi: 10.3758/BF03196322

Wiltermuth, S. S., and Heath, C. (2009). Synchrony and cooperation. *Psychol. Sci.* 20, 1–5. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-9280.2008.02253.x

Wing, A. M., and Kristofferson, A. B. (1973). Response delays and the timing of discrete motor responses. *Percept. Psychophys.* 14, 5–12. doi: 10.3758/BF03198607

Yokoyama, K., and Yamamoto, Y. (2011). Three people can synchronize as coupled oscillators during sports activities. *PLoS Comput. Biol.* 7:e1002181. doi: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1002181

Zahavi, D. (2003). “Internal time-consciousness and pre-reflective self-awareness,” in *The New Husserl: A Critical Reader*, ed. D. Welton (Bloomington: Indiana University Press), 157–180.

**Conflict of Interest Statement:** The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

*Received: 16 May 2014; accepted: 29 September 2014; published online: 31 October 2014.*

*Citation: Laroche J, Berardi AM and Brangier E (2014) Embodiment of intersubjective time: relational dynamics as attractors in the temporal coordination of interpersonal behaviors and experiences. *Front. Psychol.* 5:1180. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2014.01180*

*This article was submitted to Cognitive Science, a section of the journal Frontiers in Psychology.*

Copyright © 2014 Laroche, Berardi and Brangier. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.