# Changes to virus taxonomy and the ICTV Statutes ratified by the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (2024)

Peter Simmonds, Evelien M Adriaenssens, Elliot J Lefkowitz, Hanna M Oksanen, Stuart G Siddell, Francisco Murilo Zerbini, Poliane Alfenas-Zerbini, Frank O Aylward, Donald M Dempsey, Bas E Dutilh, et al.

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Peter Simmonds, Evelien M Adriaenssens, Elliot J Lefkowitz, Hanna M Oksanen, Stuart G Siddell, et al. Changes to virus taxonomy and the ICTV Statutes ratified by the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (2024). Archives of Virology, 2024, 169 (11), pp.236. 10.1007/s00705-024-06143-y. pasteur-04764125

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# Changes to virus taxonomy and the ICTV Statutes ratified by the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (2024)

Peter Simmonds¹ ID · Evelien M. Adriaenssens² ID · Elliot J. Lefkowitz³ ID · Hanna M. Oksanen⁴ ID · Stuart G. Siddell⁵ ID · Francisco Murilo Zerbini⁶ ID · Poliane Alfenas-Zerbini⁷ ID · Frank O. Aylward⁸ ID · Donald M. Dempsey³ ID · Bas E. Dutilh⁹,¹⁰ ID · Juliana Freitas-Astúa¹¹ ID · María Laura García¹² ID · R. Curtis Hendrickson³ ID · Holly R. Hughes¹³ ID · Sandra Junglen¹⁴ ID · Mart Krupovic¹⁵ ID · Jens H. Kuhn¹⁶ ID · Amy J. Lambert¹⁷ ID · Małgorzata Łobocka¹⁸ ID · Arcady R. Mushegian¹⁹ ID · Judit Penzes²⁰ ID · Alejandro Reyes Muñoz²¹ ID · David L. Robertson²² ID · Simon Roux²³ ID · Luisa Rubino²⁴ ID · Sead Sabanadzovic²⁵,²⁶ ID · Donald B. Smith¹ ID · Nobuhiro Suzuki²⁷ ID · Dann Turner²⁸ ID · Koenraad Van Doorslaer²⁹ ID · Anne-Mieke Vandamme³⁰,³¹ ID · Arvind Varsani³² ID

© The Author(s) 2024

## Abstract

This article reports changes to virus taxonomy and taxon nomenclature that were approved and ratified by the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) in April 2024. The entire ICTV membership was invited to vote on 203 taxonomic proposals that had been approved by the ICTV Executive Committee (EC) in July 2023 at the 55th EC meeting in Jena, Germany, or in the second EC vote in November 2023. All proposals were ratified by online vote. Taxonomic additions include one new phylum (*Ambiviricota*), one new class, nine new orders, three new suborders, 51 new families, 18 new subfamilies, 820 new genera, and 3547 new species (excluding taxa that have been abolished). Proposals to complete the process of species name replacement to the binomial (genus + species epithet) format were ratified. Currently, a total of 14,690 virus species have been established.

## Introduction

The International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) follows an annual cycle of taxonomy updating in which proposed changes and additions to virus taxonomy are considered and implemented. The ICTV classification of viruses provides a framework for the taxonomic placement of viruses at ranks from species to realm and furthermore regulates their taxon names and typography. The ICTV Statutes (https://ictv.global/about/statutes) describe the process in which taxonomic proposals are submitted to the ICTV Executive Committee (EC) and undergo review with input from the ICTV Study Groups and Subcommittees, other interested virologists, and the EC. After final approval by the EC, proposals are placed on the ICTV website (https://ictv.global) for evaluation by the full ICTV membership, which ratifies them by online voting.

Handling Editor: Tim Skern.

Extended author information available on the last page of the article

## Proposal discussion and ratification

The EC of the ICTV held a hybrid meeting in Jena, Germany, on the 2nd - 4th August, 2023. The EC reviewed a total of 202 taxonomy proposals submitted to the seven subcommittees, including streamlined proposals that had been reviewed previously by at least two EC members, and two general proposals. Requested revisions to 13 proposals were reviewed and re-voted on by the EC in November 2023. The 2023 taxonomy proposals that were accepted by the EC were then placed on the ICTV website (https://ictv.global) for viewing by the full ICTV membership.

All proposals [1–203] were ratified in a vote held from the 28th March to the 25th April, 2024. A total of 125 out of 180 ICTV members (69%) voted on the proposals. All proposals received either 120 or 121 votes (i.e., 99.2% or 100%) in favour of ratification. A summary of the taxonomy changes enacted by the proposals is provided in Table 1. Each proposal is cited and listed in the References to acknowledge the authors’ efforts and to provide links to the specific proposal on the ICTV website. These documents and those
<table><caption>**Table 1** Summary of ratified taxonomic changes in 2024</caption><thead><tr><th>Rank</th><th>MSL.38 total<sup>a</sup></th><th>New</th><th>Abolished</th><th>Moved</th><th>Renamed</th><th>MSL.39 total<sup>b</sup></th><th>Net change</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>Realm</td><td>6</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>6</td><td>0</td></tr><tr><td>Subrealm</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td></tr><tr><td>Kingdom</td><td>10</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>10</td><td>0</td></tr><tr><td>Subkingdom</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td></tr><tr><td>Phylum</td><td>17</td><td>1</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>18</td><td>+1</td></tr><tr><td>Subphylum</td><td>2</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>2</td><td>0</td></tr><tr><td>Class</td><td>40</td><td>1</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>1</td><td>41</td><td>+1</td></tr><tr><td>Subclass</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td></tr><tr><td>Order</td><td>72</td><td>9</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>3</td><td>81</td><td>+9</td></tr><tr><td>Suborder</td><td>8</td><td>3</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>11</td><td>+3</td></tr><tr><td>Family</td><td>264</td><td>51</td><td>-1</td><td>12</td><td>2</td><td>314</td><td>+50</td></tr><tr><td>Subfamily</td><td>182</td><td>18</td><td>0</td><td>1</td><td>1</td><td>200</td><td>+18</td></tr><tr><td>Genus</td><td>2818</td><td>820</td><td>-116</td><td>58</td><td>1</td><td>3522</td><td>+704</td></tr><tr><td>Subgenus</td><td>84</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>84</td><td>0</td></tr><tr><td>Species</td><td>11273</td><td>3547</td><td>-130</td><td>407</td><td>2884</td><td>14690</td><td>+3417</td></tr></tbody></table>

from previous years are permanently available to provide full access to the text and listing of taxonomy changes made in each proposal (https://ictv.global/files/proposals/approved).

## Principal changes to virus taxonomy

The 2024 round of taxonomy proposals saw the near completion of the mandated change of species names to a binnial format (i.e., genus + species epithet) [204–206]. This accounted for the vast majority of the 2884 species name re-assignments (Table 1).

There were no major reorganisations of or additions to the higher ranks of ICTV taxonomy, with retention of the six originally proposed realms and 10 kingdoms (Table 1). There was, however, the important addition of a new phylum, *Ambiviricota*, to which a large number of mobile genetic elements infecting fungi, previously introduced into the literature as “ambiviruses”, were assigned [209]. These unusual viruses with circular RNA genomes of approximately 5 kb combine features of both typical RNA viruses and viroids. On the one hand, they encode a canonical, albeit highly divergent, RNA-directed RNA polymerase that is homologous to those of other RNA viruses in the realm *Riboviria* [207, 210]. On the other hand, their genomes also possess ribozymes in various combinations in both the sense and antisense orientation, consistent with a rolling-circle mechanism for genome replication found in deltaviruses (family *Kolmioviridae* [208] classified in the realm *Riboviria*) and viroids. The proposal [160] assigns ambiviricots to four different families and 20 species.

At lower ranks, taxonomy proposals considered by subcommittees for animal DNA viruses and retroviruses, animal viruses with dsRNA and -ssRNA genomes, bacterial viruses, and fungal and protist viruses entailed a considerable expansion in the number of virus orders, families, genera, and species within a range of virus groups. This notably included viruses assigned to the *Cressdnaviricota*, a phylum of eukaryotic small DNA viruses (realms *Monodnaviria*), which nearly doubled in terms of the number of included virus families (from 12 to 23); negative-stranded RNA viruses (phylum *Negarnaviricota*); and bacterial and archaeal viruses in the class *Caudoviricetes* that were previously classified into families based on tail morphology and are now being placed into a much larger number of families and orders based on metrics of genome relatedness [211]. So far, this process has led to the establishment of 74 new families and seven orders. In addition, *Ghabrivirales*, an order for dsRNA viruses mainly infecting fungi, underwent a major revision [168].

A general proposal [202] described the organisational changes required to coordinate ICTV meeting and election cycles with those of the International Congresses of Virology (ICV) organized by the International Union of Microbiological Societies (IUMS). Elections to the ICTV EC had previously coincided with the ICV meetings, but the change to a two-year cycle of ICV meetings conflicts with the established three-year plenary sessions and election of the ICTV. Following the ratification of this general proposal, the ICTV will retain its three-year cycle; in the years when it coincides with the ICV meetings, the ICTV plenary meeting will be held in conjunction with the ICV. Otherwise, the plenary meeting will be held online after the EC annual meeting.

<footnote><sup>a</sup>Total number of taxa in the ICTV Master Species List (MSL) #38 prior to 2024 ratification</footnote>

<footnote><sup>b</sup>Total number of taxa after the 2024 ratification vote (listed in the ICTV MSL #39)</footnote>
Implementation and access

The latest set of proposals approved by the EC was made
available on the ICTV website in April 2024 as a single
zip file and in a directory of individual files at https://ictv.
global/files/proposals/approved, indexed by virus group and
subcommittee.

Updated versions of the Master Species List (up to version
39), which list all of the currently approved taxa (Table 1),
can be accessed on the ICTV website at https://ictv.global/
msl. A similarly updated version 39 of the Virus Metadata
Resource (VMR) is located at https://ictv.global/vmr. This
resource provides details of exemplar virus isolates for each
species including GenBank accession numbers.

**Acknowledgements** The authors would like to thank Richard Mayne (University of Oxford) for assistance in preparing the taxonomy proposal listing, and the contributing authors. The authors also thank Anya Crane (Integrated Research Facility at Fort Detrick, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Fort Detrick, Frederick, MD, USA) for critically editing the manuscript. The findings and conclusions in this report are the opinions of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.

**Funding** F.M.Z. acknowledges financial support from Capes (Finance code 01), CNPq, and Fapemig. E.M.A. gratefully acknowledges funding by the U.K. Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC); this research was funded in part by the BBSRC Institute Strategic Programme Microbes and Food Safety BB/X011011/1 and its constituent projects BBS/E/F/000PR13634, BBS/E/F/000PR13635, and BBS/E/F/000PR13636, as well as the BBSRC Institute Strategic Programme Food Microbiome and Health BB/X011054/1 and its constituent projects BBS/E/F/000PR13631 and BBS/E/F/000PR13633. B.E.D. is supported by the European Research Council (ERC) Consolidator grant 865694: DiversiPHI, the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation) under Germany's Excellence Strategy - EXC 2051 – Project-ID 390713860, European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under the Marie Skłodowska-Curie Actions Innovative Training Networks grant agreement no. 955974 (VIROINF), and the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation in the context of an Alexander von Humboldt-Professorship funded by the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research. This work was supported in part through Laulima Government Solutions, LLC, prime contract with the U.S. National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) under Contract No. HHSN272201800013C. J.H.K. performed this work as an employee of Tunnell Government Services (TGS), a subcontractor of Laulima Government Solutions, LLC, under Contract No. HHSN272201800013C. A.R.M. is a Program Director at the U.S. National Science Foundation (NSF); the statements and opinions expressed herein are made in a personal capacity and do not constitute endorsement by the NSF or the government of the United States. H.M.O. was supported by the University of Helsinki and the Research Council of Finland by funding for FINStruct and Instruct Centre FI, part of Biocenter Finland and Instruct-ERIC. D.L.R. is supported by the U.K. Medical Research Council (MC_UU_00034/5). D.B.S. is supported by the Microbiology Society. S.S. acknowledges support from the Mississippi Agricultural and Forestry Experiment Station (MAFES), USDA-ARS project 58-6066-3-044, USDA-NIFA SCI Project 1029242, and NIFA-USDA Hatch Project 7006130. E.J.L, D.M.D, and R.C.H were supported by the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious

Diseases of the National Institutes of Health under Award Number U24AI162625. The work conducted by the U.S. Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute (https://ror.org/04xm1d337), a DOE Office of Science User Facility, is supported by the Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy operated under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231 (S.R.). F.O.A. was supported by a National Institutes of Health grant (no. 1R35GM147290-01). N.S. was supported in part by Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research (S) from the Japanese Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science, and Technology (MEXT) (KAK-ENHI 21H05035). J.F.A. acknowledges financial support from Fapesp (2019/25078-9) and CNPq (312528/2020-5). M.L. was supported by statutory funds for the Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics of the Polish Academy of Sciences. Except for Donald M. Dempsey, R. Curtis Hendrickson, and Donald B. Smith, the authors were members of the ICTV EC spanning the 2020–2023 and 2023–2026 terms when the proposals were submitted and ratified. The views and conclusions contained in this document are those of the authors and should not be interpreted as necessarily representing the official policies, either expressed or implied, of the US Department of Health and Human Services or of the institutions and companies affiliated with the authors. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of their affiliates, including the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. For the purpose of open access, the authors have applied a Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) licence to any author accepted manuscript version arising from this submission.

**Data availability** All Taxonomy Proposals and all other ICTV resources mentioned in this article are freely available at the ICTV website (https://ictv.global/).

Declarations

**Conflict of interest** The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

**Ethical approval** None of the work reported involved research on human participants or animals. All authors have contributed to this work and agreed to its publication.

**Open Access** This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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31. Navarro B, Nicoloso VM, Di Serio F (2023) Create a new species in the genus *Coguvirus* (*Bunyavirales: Phenuiviridae*). https://ictv.global/ictv/proposals/2023.007M.Coguvirus_1nsp.zip

32. Bejerman N, Debat H, Dietzgen RG, Kondo H, Ramos-González P, Whitfield AE, Walker PJ, Freitas-Astúa J (2023) Create twelve new species in the genus *Cytorhabdovirus*, subfamily *Betarhabdovirinae* (*Mononegavirales: Rhabdoviridae*). https://ictv.global/ictv/proposals/2023.008M.Cytorhabdovirus_12nsp.zip

33. Ramos-González PL, Chabi-Jesus C, Bejerman N, Dietzgen RG, Kondo H, Whitfield AE, Walker PJ, Freitas-Astúa J (2023) Create a new species in the genus *Dichorhavirus*, subfamily *Betarhabdovirinae* (*Mononegavirales: Rhabdoviridae*). https://ictv.global/ictv/proposals/2023.009M.Dichorhavirus_1nsp.zip

34. Walker PJ, Freitas-Astúa J, Bejerman N, Blasdell K, Dietzgen RG, Fooks A, Kondo H, Ramos-González PL, Shi M, Tesh RB, Tordo N, Vasilakis N, Whitfield AE (2023) Create one new species (*Ephemerovirus huanggang* in the genus *Ephemerovirus* (*Mononegavirales: Rhabdoviridae*). https://ictv.global/ictv/proposals/2023.010M.Ephemerovirus_1nsp.zip

35. Paraskevopoulou S, Li J-M, Ye G, Wang F (2023) Create one new genus (*Birfecvirus* and four new species in the genera *Ganiavirus*, *Copasivirus*, *Anicalvirus*, and *Birfecvirus* (*Mononegavirales: Lispiviridae*). https://ictv.global/ictv/proposals/2023.011M.Lispiviridae_1ngen_4nsp.zip

36. Calvelage S, Müller T, Freuling CM, Höper D, Tammiranta N, Nokireki T, Gadd T (2023) Create one new species for Kotalahta bat lyssavirus in the genus *Lyssavirus* (*Mononegavirales: Rhabdoviridae*). https://ictv.global/ictv/proposals/2023.012M.Lyssavirus_1nsp.zip

37. Cuypers LN, Goüy de Bellocq J (2023) Create one new species in genus *Mammarenavirus* (*Bunyavirales: Arenaviridae*). https://ictv.global/ictv/proposals/2023.013M.Mammarenavirus_1nsp.zip

38. Cuypers LN, Gryseels S, Goüy de Bellocq J (2023) Create two new species in genus *Mammarenavirus* (*Bunyavirales: Arenaviridae*). https://ictv.global/ictv/proposals/2023.014M.Mammarenavirus_2nsp.zip

39. Walker PJ, Freitas-Astúa J, Bejerman N, Blasdell K, Dietzgen RG, Fooks A, Kondo H, Ramos-González PL, Shi M, Tesh RB, Tordo N, Vasilakis N, Whitfield AE (2023) Create17 new species in the subfamily *Alpharhabdovirinae* (*Mononegavirales: Rhabdoviridae*). https://ictv.global/ictv/proposals/2023.015M ALPHA RHBABDOVIRINAE 17nsp.zip

40. Jiàng D, Ayllón MA, Marzano S-YL, Kondō H, Turina M (2023) Establishment of eleven new species in genera *Penicillimonavirus*, *Plasmopamonavirus*, *Phyllomonavirus*, and *Sclerotimonavirus* in family *Mymonaviridae* (*Mononegavirales*). https://ictv.global/ictv/proposals/2023.016M.Mymonaviridae_11nsp.zip

41. Bejerman N, Debat H, Dietzgen RG, Kondō H, Ramos-González P, Whitfield AE, Walker PJ, Freitas-Astúa J (2023) Create one new genus, *Deltanucleorhabdovirus*, with two new species, and an additional seven new species in the subfamily *Betarhabdovirinae* (*Mononegavirales: Rhabdoviridae*). https://ictv.global/ictv/proposals/2023.017M.Betarhabdovirinae_1ng_7nsp.zip

42. Vanmechelen B, Balkema-Buschmann A, Drexler JF, Duprex PW, Lee B, Plemper RK, Maes P (2023) Taxonomic reorganization of the family *Paramyxoviridae*. https://ictv.global/ictv/proposals/2023.018M Paramyxoviridae_reorg.zip

43. Ayllón MA, Navarro B, Ruiz-Padilla A, Nicoloso VM, Di Serio F (2023) Create a new species in a new genus in the family *Phenuiviridae* and move a species into the new genus. https://ictv.global/ictv/proposals/2023.019M.Phenuiviridae_1ng_1nsp_1smr.zip

44. Neriya Y, Tomitaka Y, Di Serio F, Jonson GB, Rubino L, Sasaya T (2023) Create one new species in genus *Mechlorovirus* and three new species in genus *Tenuivirus* (family *Phenuiviridae*, order *Bunyavirales*). https://ictv.global/ictv/proposals/2023.020M.Phenuiviridae_4nsp.zip

45. Walker PJ (2023) Create twenty-four new species, five new genera, and one new subfamily (*Deltarhabdovirinae; Mononegavirales; Rhabdoviridae*). https://ictv.global/ictv/proposals/2023.021M.Rhabdoviridae_24nsp_5ngen.1nsf.zip

46. Bejerman N, Debat H, Dietzgen RG, Kondō H, Ramos-González P, Whitfield AE, Walker PJ, Freitas-Astúa J (2023) Create thirty-two new species in the genus *Varicosavirus*, subfamily *Betarhabdovirinae* (*Mononegavirales: Rhabdoviridae*). https://ictv.global/ictv/proposals/2023.022M.Varicosavirus_32nsp.zip

47. Paraskevopoulou S, Sharpe SR, Feng G (2023) Create ten new genera and eleven new species in the family *Xinmoviridae*, order *Mononegavirales*. https://ictv.global/ictv/proposals/2023.023M.Xinmoviridae_10ng_11nsp.zip

48. Brown KA, Shi M, Firth AE, Ergünay K, Wolf Y, Kuhn JH, Turina M (2023) Promote order *Bunyavirales* to class and split the class into two orders; add one family, three genera, and seven species; and move and rename one species. https://ictv.global/ictv/proposals/2023.024M.Bunyaviricetes.zip

49. Seuberlich T, Kuhn JH, Schmidt-Posthaus H (2023) Create one new genus including one new species in family *Filoviridae* (*Mononegavirales*). https://ictv.global/ictv/proposals/2023.025M.Filoviridae_1ng_1nsp.zip

50. Smura TP, Kuhn JH, Hepojoki JM (2023) Create three new genera and six new species in family *Kolmioviridae* (*Ribozyviria*). https://ictv.global/ictv/proposals/2023.026M.Kolmioviridae_3ng_6nsp.zip

51. Sironi M, Kuhn JH, Reuter G, de la Torre C (2023) Create six new species in genus *Mammarenavirus* (*Bunyavirales: Arenaviridae*). https://ictv.global/ictv/proposals/2023.027M.Mammarenavirus_6nsp.zip

52. Alkhovsky SV, Avšič-Županc T, Bergeron É, Burt F, Ergünay K, Garrison AR, Kuhn JH, Marklewitz M, Mirazimi A, Papa A, Pawęska JT, Postler TS Spengler JR, Palacios G (2023) Create one new genus and nine new species in family *Nairoviridae* (family *Bunyavirales*). https://ictv.global/ictv/proposals/2023.028M.Nairoviridae_1ng_9nsp.zip

53. Dietzgen RG, Kuhn JH, Firth AE, Paraskevopoulou S, Vasilakis N (2023) Create 7 new species in the family *Nyamiviridae* (*Mononegavirales*). https://ictv.global/ictv/proposals/2023.029M.Nyamiviridae_7nsp.zip

54. Kuhn JH (2023) Switch two orthopasmavirus species names (*Bunyavirales: Phasmaviridae*). https://ictv.global/ictv/proposals/2023.030M.Orthopasmavirus_2sp_name_switch.zip

55. Hughes HR, Alkhovsky S, Beer M, Blair CD, Calisher CH, de Souza WM, Lambert AJ, Nunes MRT, Kuhn JH (2023) Create five new species in genus *Orthobunyavirus* (*Bunyavirales: Peribunyaviridae*), and create one new peribunyavirid genus, *Gryffinivirus*, including two species. https://ictv.global/ictv/proposals/2023.031M.Peribunyaviridae_1ng_7nsp.zip

56. Kuhn JH (2023) Rename one species in the family to conform with ICTV-mandated binomial format (*Bunyavirales: Phenuiviridae*). https://ictv.global/ictv/proposals/2023.032M.Phlebovirus_1nsp_rename.zip

57. Postler TS, Kuhn JH (2023) Rename all established species to comply with the newly ICTV-mandated binomial species format (*Reovirales: Sedoviridae*). https://ictv.global/ictv/proposals/2023.033M.Sedoreoviridae_sprenam.zip

58. Postler TS, Kuhn JH (2023) Rename all established species to comply with the newly ICTV-mandated binomial species format (*Reovirales: Spinoviridae*). https://ictv.global/ictv/proposals/2023.034M.Spinoreoviridae_sprenam.zip
59. Kuhn JH, Bradfute SB, Calisher CH, Klempa B, Klingström J, Laenen L, Palacios G, Schmaljohn CS, Tischler N, Maes P (2023) Reevaluate and reorganize family *Hantaviridae* (order *Bunyavirales*). https://ictv.global/ictv/proposals/2023.035M. *Hantaviridae_reorg.zip*

60. Katayama K, Vinje J, Esteves P, Estes MK, Green KY, White PA, Martella V, Kimura H, Suzuki Y, Knowles NJ (2023) *Caliciviridae* species name changes and merger of the species *European brown hare syndrome virus* and *Rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus* into the species *Lagovirus europaeus*. https://ictv.global/ictv/proposals/2023.001S.Caliciviridae_12sprenamed.zip

61. Brinton MB, Goldberg, TL, Dunowaka M, Faaberg KS (2023) Rename some species in the family *Arteriviridae* to comply the ICTV-mandated binomial format. https://ictv.global/ictv/propo/s/2023.002S.Arteriviridae_7sprenamed.zip

62. Knowles NJ, Benschop KSM, Gorbalenya, AE, Lindberg AM, Oberste MS, Palmenberg AC, Reuter G, Simmonds P, Skern T, Tapparel C, Woo PCY, Zell R (2023) Rename all species in the family to comply the ICTV-mandated binomial format (*Picorna- virales: Picornaviridae*). https://ictv.global/ictv/proposals/2023. 003S.Picornaviridae_158sprenamed.zip

63. Simmonds P (2023) Rename all species in the family *Astroviri- dae* to comply the ICTV-mandated binomial format. https://ictv. global/ictv/proposals/2023.004S.Astroviridae_22sprenamed.zip

64. Simmonds P (2023) Rename all species in the families *Alphatetraviridae*, *Carmotetraviridae* and *Permutotetraviridae* to comply the ICTV-mandated binomial format. https://ictv.global/ictv/ proposals/2023.005S.tetraviridae_13sprenamed.zip

65. Forrester N, Bolling B, Chen R, Coffey L, Merits A, Mukhopadhyay S, Nasar F, Powers A, Weaver SC (2023) Rename some species in the family *Togaviridae* to comply with the ICTV-mandated binomial format. https://ictv.global/ictv/proposals/2023.006S. Togaviridae_32sprenamed.zip

66. Chen YP, Valles SM, Firth AE, Zell R (2023) Rename all species in the family to comply with the ICTV-mandated binomial format (*Picornavirales: Solinviviridae*). https://ictv.global/ictv/ proposals/2023.007S.Solinviviridae_2sprenamed.zip

67. Chen YP, Valles SM, Firth AE, Olendraite I, Zell R (2023) Rename all species in the family to comply with the ICTV-mandated binomial format (*Picornavirales: Policipiviridae*). https:// ictv.global/ictv/proposals/2023.008S.Policipiviridae_14spr enamed.zip

68. Junglen S, Gorbalenya AE, Hobson-Peters J, Morita K, Sawabe K, Vasilakis N, Ziebuhr J (2023) Rename all species in the family to comply the ICTV-mandated binomial format (*Nidovirales: Mesoniviridae*). https://ictv.global/ictv/proposals/2023.009S. Mesoniviridae_12sprenamed.zip

69. Simmonds P (2023) Rename all species in the family *Nodaviridae* to comply the ICTV-mandated binomial format. https://ictv. global/ictv/proposals/2023.010S.Nodaviridae_9sprenamed.zip

70. Simmonds P (2023) Rename one species in the family *Sarthoviridae* to comply the ICTV-mandated binomial format. https:// ictv.global/ictv/proposals/2023.011S.Sarthoviridae_1sprenamed. zip

71. Woo PCY, de Groot RJ, Haagmans B, Lau SKP, Neuman B, Perlman S, Sola I, van der Hoek L, Wong ACP, Yeh SH (2023) Renaming 54 species with binomial names in the family *Coronaviridae*. https://ictv.global/ictv/proposals/2023.012S.Coronaviridae_54sprenamed.zip

72. Lauber C, Gorbalenya AE, Samborskiy D, Brinton M, de Groot R, Junglen S, Neuman BW, Walker P, Ziebuhr J (2023) Rename 27 species in 10 families in the order *Nidovirales* to comply with the ICTV-mandated binomial format. https://ictv.global/ictv/ proposals/2023.013S.Nidovirales_27sprename.zip

73. Sullivan DS, Vernygora O, Nielsen O, Burek-Huntington K, Rouse N, Popov VL, Lung O (2023) Create one new species in the genus *Senecavirus* (*Picornavirales: Picornaviridae*). https:// ictv.global/ictv/proposals/2023.014S.Senecavirus_1nsf.zip

74. Krupovic M, Kuhn JH, Mochizuki T, Stedman K, Dyall-Smith M, Huang L, Rhee S-K, Young MJ, Postler TS, Oksanen HM (2023) Rename 111 archaeal virus species to adhere to the Lati- nized binomial format. https://ictv.global/ictv/proposals/2023. 001A.Archaeal_binomials.zip

75. Medvedeva S, Borrel G, Krupovic M, Gribaldo S (2023) Create 5 new families for classification of viruses infecting methanogenic archaea found in gut environment. https://ictv.global/ictv/propo/s/2023.002A.Caudoviricetes_5nf.zip

76. Muscatt G, Kuhn JH, Millard A, Bending GD, Jameson E (2023) Create 418 new genera and 1,706 new species in the class *Levi- viricetes*, move and rename 375 species, and abolish 114 genera and 48 species. https://ictv.global/ictv/proposals/2023.001B. Leviviricetes_reorg.zip

77. Kurtböke I, Turner D, Moraru C, Tolstoy I, Adriaenssens EM, Kropinski AM (2023) To resolve the Actinobacteriophage data- base cluster FE into five (5) genera [*Caudoviricetes*]. https://ictv. global/ictv/proposals/2023.002B.Actinobacteriophage_Datab ase_Cluster FE_1nsf_5ng.zip

78. Kurtböke I, Turner D, Moraru C, Tolstoy I, Kropinski AM (2023) To create twenty-five (25) new Actinobacteriophage genera [*Caudoviricetes*]. https://ictv.global/ictv/proposals/2023.003B. Actinobacteriophage_singletons_25ng.zip

79. Turner D, Moraru C, Tolstoy I, Kropinski AM (2023) To create a genus *Ahotrevirus* with a single species [*Caudoviricetes*]. https:// ictv.global/ictv/proposals/2023.004B.Ahotrevirus ng.zip

80. Skorynina AV, Koposova ON, Kazantseva OA, Piligrimova EG, Shadrin AM (2023) Assign two new species, *Andromedavirus novomoskovsk* and *Andromedavirus bolokhovo*, to the genus *Andromedavirus*, class *Caudoviricetes*. https://ictv.global/ictv/ proposals/2023.005B.Andromedavirus_new物种.zip

81. Cebeci A, Türe M, Alemdağ M, Altınok I (2023) Create a new genus (*Aquaneticvirus*) with one species in the class *Caudoviri- cetes*. https://ictv.global/ictv/proposals/2023.006B.Aquaneticv irus ng.zip

82. Shareefdeen H, Buttimer C, Denise R, Kropinski A, Turner D, Draper L-A, Ross R-P, Hill C (2023) To create a new genus, *Aquiringentivirus*, in the class *Caudovircetes* containing seven new species. https://ictv.global/ictv/proposals/2023.007B.Aquingenti virus ng.zip

83. Serwer P, Barylski J, Turner D, Moraru C, Tolstoy I, Kropinski AM (2023) To create two single-species genera, *Athenavirus* and *Theosmithvirus* [*Caudoviricetes*]. https://ictv.global/ictv/propo/s/2023.008B.Athenavirus_Theosmithvirus_2ng.zip

84. Kurtböke I, Turner D, Moraru C, Tolstoy I, Kropinski AM (2023) To create a single species genus *Bauervirus* [*Caudoviricetes*]. https://ictv.global/ictv/proposals/2023.009B.Bauervirus ng.zip

85. Erdrich S, Frunzke J, Turner D, Moraru C, Tolstoy I, Adriaens- sens EM, Kropinski AM (2023) To create five new genera in the subfamily *Bradleyvirinae* [*Mesyanzhinovviridae*]. https://ictv. global/ictv/proposals/2023.010B.Bradleyvirinae_5ng.zip

86. Turner D, Moraru C, Tolstoy I, Kropinski AM (2023) To add three new genera to the subfamily *Braunvirinae* [*Caudoviricetes; Drexlerviridae*]. https://ictv.global/ictv/proposals/2023.011B. Braunvirinae_3ng.zip

87. Wittmann J, Adriaenssens EM, Turner D, Moraru C (2023) To create seventeen (17) new species in the genus *Schiekvirus* and eleven (11) new species in the genus *Kochikohdavirus* (Subfam- ily: *Brockvirinae*, Family: *Herelleviridae*). https://ictv.global/ ictv/proposals/2023.012B.Brockvirinae_28ns.zip
88. Kazantseva OA, Pilgrimova EG, Shadrin AM (2023) create one genus, *Bunatrivirus*, containing one species, *Bunatrivirus B13*, in the class *Caudoviricetes*. https://ictv.global/ictv/proposals/2023.013B.Bunatrivirusng.zip

89. Anany H, Li J-Q, Tong Y, Turner D, Moraru C, Tolstoy I, Kropinski AM (2023) To update the family *Chaseviridae* through creation of four new genera [*Caudoviricetes*]. https://ictv.global/ictv/proposals/2023.014B.Chaseviridae_4ng.zip

90. Prichard A, Lee J, Pogliano J (2023) Create one new family (*Chimalliviridae*) in the class *Caudoviricetes*. https://ictv.global/ictv/proposals/2023.015B.Chimalliviridae_nf.zip

91. Kurtböke I, Turner D, Moraru C, Tolstoy I, Kropinski AM (2023) To create a new genus, *Commandariavirus* in the family *Zierdviridae* [*Caudoviricetes*]. https://ictv.global/ictv/proposals/2023.016B.Commandariavirusng.zip

92. Turner D, Moraru C, Tolstoy I, Kropinski AM (2023) To create eight (8) new species in the genus *Cornellvirus* [*Caudoviricetes*]. https://ictv.global/ictv/proposals/2023.017B.Cornellvirus_8ns.zip

93. Papudeshi B, Vega AA, Souza C, Giles SK, Mallawaarachchi V, Roach MJ, An M, Jacobson N, McNair K, Mora MF, Pas-trana K, Boling L, Leigh C, Harker C, Plewa WS, Grigson SR, Bouras G, Decewicz P, Luque A, Droit L, Handley SA, Wang D, Segall AM, Dinsdale EA, Edwards RA (2023) Create one new species in the genus *Kehishuvirus*, one species in the genus *Kolpuevirus*, and one new genus with one new species in the order *Crassvirales*. https://ictv.global/ictv/proposals/2023.018B.Crassvirales_1ng_3ns.zip

94. Kurtböke I, Turner D, Moraru C, Tolstoy I, Adriaenssens EM, Kropinski AM (2023) To create a new subfamily *Daemsvirinae* containing two genera (*Nanditavirus* and *Elesarvirus*) [*Caudoviricetes*]. https://ictv.global/ictv/proposals/2023.019B.Daemsvirinae_nsf.zip

95. Turner D, Moraru C, Tolstoy I, Kropinski AM (2023) To create forty-two (42) species in the genus *Dhillonvirus* [*Caudoviricetes*]. https://ictv.global/ictv/proposals/2023.020B.Dhillonvirus_42ns.zip

96. Buttimer C, Murray E, Kropinski AM, Turner D, Draper L-A, Ross R-P, Hill C (2023) To create one genus, *Efunavirus*, con-taining two species in the class *Caudoviricetes*. https://ictv.global/ictv/proposals/2023.021B.Efunavirusng.zip

97. Tong Y, Turner D, Moraru C, Tolstoy I, Kropinski AM (2023) To create seven (7) genera of Pseudomonas siphoviruses [*Caudoviricetes*]. https://ictv.global/ictv/proposals/2023.022B.Caudoviricetes_Pseudomonas_7ng.zip

98. Turner D, Moraru C, Tolstoy I, Kropinski AM (2023) To create 41 new species in the genus *Epseptimavirus* [*Caudoviricetes; Family Demerecviridae*]. https://ictv.global/ictv/proposals/2023.023B.Epseptimavirus_41ns.zip

99. Kurtböke I, Turner D, Moraru C, Tolstoy I, Kropinski AM (2023) To create two new genera - *Aziravirus* and *Santhidvirus* - of Gordonia siphophages [*Caudoviricetes*]. https://ictv.global/ictv/proposals/2023.025B.Caudoviricetes_Gordonia_2ng.zip

100. Kurtböke I, Turner D, Moraru C, Tolstoy I, Kropinski AM (2023) To create eleven (11) new species in the genus *Gordonvirus* [*Caudoviricetes*]. https://ictv.global/ictv/proposals/2023.026B.Gordonvirus_11ns.zip

101. Turner D, Moraru C, Tolstoy I, Adriaenssens EM, Kropinski AM (2023) To create a new subfamily *Gorskivirinae* with five genera [*Caudoviricetes*]. https://ictv.global/ictv/proposals/2023.027B.Gorskivirinae_nsf.zip

102. Turner D, Moraru C, Tolstoy I, Adriaenssens EM, Kropinski AM (2023) To create a new subfamily *Guarnerosvirinae* with three genera [*Caudoviricetes*]. https://ictv.global/ictv/proposals/2023.029B.Guarnerosvirinae_nsf.zip

103. Stefańczyk E, Łobocka M, Adriaenssens EM, Kropinski AM, Turner D (2023) To create seven new species within the family *Guelinviridae* (*Caudoviricetes*). https://ictv.global/ictv/ proposals/2023.030B.Guelinviridae_7ns.zip

104. Turner D, Moraru C, Tolstoy I, Kropinski AM (2023) Create a new genus (*Hafyongvirus*) with a single species (*Caudoviricetes*). https://ictv.global/ictv/proposals/2023.031B.Hafyongvirus_ ng.zip

105. Olsen NS, Turner D, Moraru C, Tolstoy I, Kropinski AM (2023) To create a genus *Halfdanvirus* with a single species [*Caudoviricetes*]. https://ictv.global/ictv/proposals/2023.032B.Halfdanvir usng.zip

106. Barylski J, Turner D, Moraru C, Tolstoy I, Kropinski AM (2023) To create a new subfamily, *Heleneionescovirinae* with two gen- era – *Zhangjivirus* and *Kenyatavirus* [*Caudoviricetes*]. https:// ictv.global/ictv/proposals/2023.033B.Heleneionescovirinae_nsf. zip

107. Turner D, Moraru C, Tolstoy I, Kropinski AM (2023) To add five (5) new species to the genus *Hollowayvirus* [*Caudoviricetes*]. https://ictv.global/ictv/proposals/2023.034B.Hollowayvirus_5ns. zip

108. Kurtböke I, Turner D, Moraru C, Tolstoy I, Kropinski AM (2023) To create a new genus *Ignaciovirus* with eight (8) species [*Caudoviricetes*]. https://ictv.global/ictv/proposals/2023.035B.Ignac iovirusng.zip

109. Turner D, Moraru C, Tolstoy I, Kropinski AM (2023) To reassess the classification of *Jedunavirus*, creating eight new genera in the subfamily *Jameshumphriesvirinae* [class *Caudoviricetes*]. https://ictv.global/ictv/proposals/2023.036B.Jameshumphriesv irinae_8ng.zip

110. Turner D, Moraru C, Tolstoy I, Kropinski AM (2023) To create fifty-two (52) species in the genus *Jerseyvirus* and abolish one species [*Caudoviricetes*]. https://ictv.global/ictv/proposals/2023. 037B.Jerseyvirus_52ns_ab1sp.zip

111. Turner D, Moraru C, Tolstoy I, Kropinski AM (2023) To create a new subfamily, *Johnpaulvirinae*, containing two genera, *Eidolonvirus* and *Kharnvirus* [*Caudoviricetes*]. https://ictv.global/ictv/ proposals/2023.038B.Johnpaulvirinae_nsf.zip

112. Turner D, Moraru C, Tolstoy I, Adriaenssens EM, Kropinski AM (2023) Create a new subfamily, *Jondennisvirinae* containing three genera (*Septimatrevirus*, *Kipunavirus*, *Kilunavirus*) [class *Caudoviricetes*]. https://ictv.global/ictv/proposals/2023.039B. Jondennisvirinae_nsf.zip

113. Turner D, Moraru C, Tolstoy I, Kropinski AM (2023) To create six (6) new species in the genus *Kagunavirus* [*Caudoviricetes*]. https://ictv.global/ictv/proposals/2023.040B.Kagunavirus_6ns. zip

114. Zlatohurska MA, Gorb TY, Romaniuk LV, Shenderovska NA, Faidiuk YV, Kropinski AM, Kushkina AI, Tovkach FI (2023) Create one new genus (*Keyvirus*) including two new species in the family *Demerecviridae*. https://ictv.global/ictv/proposals/ 2023.041B.Keyvirusng.zip

115. Nishijima S, Nagata N (2023) Create a new family called *Kono-daiviridae* including three new genera and three new species (*Caudoviricetes*). https://ictv.global/ictv/proposals/2023.042B. Konodaiviridae_nf.zip

116. Kurtböke I, Turner D, Moraru C, Tolstoy I, Adriaenssens EM, Kropinski AM (2023) To create a subfamily *Kutznervirinae* with five genera [*Caudoviricetes*]. https://ictv.global/ictv/proposals/ 2023.043B.Kutznervirinae_nsf.zip

117. Yang M (2023) Create two new genera (*Layangavirus* and *Layangbvirus*) and two species (*Layangavirus* LY1 and *Layangb-virus* LY5)in the subfamily *Gutmannvirinae*. https://ictv.global/ ictv/proposals/2023.044B.Layangavirus_Layangbvirus_2ng.zip

118. Yang M (2023) Create one new genus (*Layangcirus*) and news species (*Layangcirus* LY3. in the subfamily *Northropvirinae*.
https://ictv.global/ictv/proposals/2023.045B.Layangcvirusng.zip

119. Łobocka M, Stefańczyk E, Adriaenssens EM, Kropinski AM, Turner D (2023) To create one new family *Madridviridae* with one genus *Cepunavirus* moved from the *Salasmaviridae* (*Caudoviricetes*). https://ictv.global/ictv/proposals/2023.046B.Madri dviridae_nf.zip

120. Oksanen HM (2023) Renaming: Correct the spelling of the fam- ily *Matsushitaviridae*. https://ictv.global/ictv/proposals/2023. 047B.Matsushitaviridae_errorCorrection.zip

121. Buttimer C, Shkoporov A, Kropinski A, Turner D, Draper L-A, Ross R-P, Hill C (2023) Create one new subfamily (*Munsterviri- nae*) including four new genera within the class *Caudoviricetes*. https://ictv.global/ictv/proposals/2023.048B.Munstervirinae_nsf. zip

122. Wittmann J, Adriaenssens EM, Turner D, Moraru C (2023) To create six (6) new genera of *Enterococcus* infecting phages (*Caudoviricetes*). https://ictv.global/ictv/proposals/2023.049B. Caudoviricetes_Enterococcus_6ng.zip

123. Nada MAL, Ancla JB, Yadao NMR, De Paz VP, Manalaysay JG, Samante FLD, Bigol UG (2023) Create a new phage spe- cies in the genus *Pakpunavirus*. https://ictv.global/ictv/propo- sals/2023.050B.Pakpunavirus_1ns.zip

124. Van Zyl LJ, Adriaenssens EM (2023) To assign 1 new genus and 11 new species to the family *Peduoviridae*, as well as abol- ish one species, one genus (*Stockinghallvirus*), and to rename three species. https://ictv.global/ictv/proposals/2023.051B. Peduoviridae_reorg.zip

125. Turner D, Moraru C, Tolstoy I, Kropinski AM (2023) To create a new genus, *Porunavirus*, with one new species [*Caudoviricetes*]. https://ictv.global/ictv/proposals/2023.052B.Porunavirus_ ng.zip

126. Claire K A Elek, Teagan L Brown, Thanh Le Viet, Rhiannon Evans, David J Baker, Andrea Telatin, Sumeet K Tiwari, Haider Al-Khanaq, Gaëtan Thilliez, Robert A Kingsley, Lindsay J Hall, Mark A Webber, and Evelien M Adriaenssens (2023) Create five (5) new species in the genus *Przondovirus* (*Caudoviricetes*). https://ictv.global/ictv/proposals/2023.053B.Przondovirus_5ns. zip

127. Turner D, Moraru C, Tolstoy I, Thaller MC, Fraziano M, Migliore L, D'Andrea MM, Kropinski AM (2023) To expand the subfamily *Queuovirinae* and add new species to the genus *Nipunavirus* [*Caudoviricetes*]. https://ictv.global/ictv/proposals/ 2023.054B.Queuovirinae_reorg.zip

128. Turner D, Moraru C, Tolstoy I, Kropinski AM (2023) To update the subfamily *Rogunavirinae* [*Caudoviricetes*; Family, *Drexler- viridae*]. https://ictv.global/ictv/proposals/2023.055B.Rogunaviri nae_2ns_1ng.zip

129. Turner D, Moraru C, Tolstoy I, Kropinski AM (2023) Create two genera of Serratia phages - *Rovertvirus* and *Bonzeevirus* [*Cau- doviricetes*]. https://ictv.global/ictv/proposals/2023.056B.Caudo viricetes_Serratia_2ng.zip

130. Avrani S, Schwartz DA (2023) Create one new family (*Saffer- manviridae*) including one new genus, two new species, and five existing species (*Caudoviricetes*). https://ictv.global/ictv/propo- sals/2023.057B.Saffermanviridae_nf.zip

131. Łobocka M, Stefańczyk S, Adriaenssens EM, Kropinski AM, Turner D (2023) To create one new genus and two species within family *Salasmaviridae* (*Caudoviricetes*). https://ictv.global/ictv/ proposals/2023.058B.Salasmaviridaeng.zip

132. Kazantseva OA, Piligrimova EG, Shadrin AM (2023) Create a new genus, *Samaravirus* encompassing one species in the class *Caudoviricetes*. https://ictv.global/ictv/proposals/2023.059B. Samaravirusng.zip

133. Tkachev PV, Pchelin IM, Goncharov AE (2023) Create a new species in the genus *Saphexavirus* (*Caudoviricetes*). https://ictv. global/ictv/proposals/2023.060B.Saphexavirus_1ns.zip

134. Buttimer C, Cortes-Martin A, Kropinski A, Turner D, Draper L-A, Ross R-P, Hill C (2023) To create one genus, *Septuaginta- virus*, containing two species in the subfamily *Vequintavirinae*. https://ictv.global/ictv/proposals/2023.061B.Septuagintavirus_ ng.zip

135. Turner D, Moraru C, Tolstoy I, Adriaenssens EM, Kropinski AM (2023) To create a new subfamily *Skurskavirinae* with two gen- era (*Pakpunavirus* and *Baldwinvirus*). [Caudoviricetes]. https:// ictv.global/ictv/proposals/2023.062B.Skurskavirinae_nsf.zip

136. Erdrich S, Frunzke J, Ansalldi M, Ginet N, Lebrun C, Clavijo- Coppens F, Turner D, Moraru C, Tolstoy I, Kropinski AM (2023) To create a new subfamily, *Stanbayleyvirinae*, with two genera – *Subavirus* & *Shirevirus* [*Caudoviricetes*]. https://ictv.global/ ictv/proposals/2023.063B.Stanbayleyvirinae_nsf.zip

137. Turner D, Moraru C, Tolstoy I, Kropinski AM (2023) To create 16 new species in the genus *Sugarlandvirus* [*Caudoviricetes*; Family *Demerecviridae*]. https://ictv.global/ictv/proposals/2023. 064B.Sugarlandvirus_16ns.zip

138. Turner D, Moraru C, Tolstoy I, Kropinski AM (2023) To add four new genera, and thirty-three (33) new species to the subfam- ily *Tempevirinae* [*Caudoviricetes*; *Drexlerviridae*]. https://ictv. global/ictv/proposals/2023.065B.Tempevirinae_4ng_33ns.zip

139. Nada MAL, Ancla JB, Yadao NMR, De Paz VP, Manalaysay JG, Samante FLD, Bigol UG (2023) Create new phage species in the genus *Tequatrovirus*. https://ictv.global/ictv/proposals/2023. 066B.Tequatrovirus_1ns.zip

140. Turner D, Moraru C, Tolstoy I, Kropinski AM (2023) To cre- ate 35 new species in the genus *Tequintavirus* [*Caudoviricetes*; Family *Demerecviridae*]. https://ictv.global/ictv/proposals/2023. 067B.Tequintavirus_35ns.zip

141. Turner D, Moraru C, Tolstoy I, Kropinski AM (2023) To create three genera of *Serratia* phages - *Seretavirus*, *Serbinvirus* and *Otakuvirus* [*Caudoviricetes*]. https://ictv.global/ictv/proposals/ 2023.068B.Caudoviricetes_Serratia_3ng.zip

142. Nishijima S, Nagata N (2023) Create a new family called *Toy- amaviridae* including three new genera and three new species (*Caudoviricetes*). https://ictv.global/ictv/proposals/2023.069B. Toyamaviridae_nf.zip

143. Knezevic P, Gavric D, Yang M, Kropinski AM, Lavigne R, Adriaenssens EM (2023) Create one (1. genus and eight (8) new spe- cies in the family *Inoviridae* (*Tubulavirales*). https://ictv.global/ ictv/proposals/2023.070B.Inoviridae_8ns_1ng.zip

144. Turner D, Moraru C, Tolstoy I, Kropinski AM (2023) Create ten new species in the subfamily *Tunavirinae* [*Caudoviricetes*]. https://ictv.global/ictv/proposals/2023.071B.Tunavirinae_10ns. zip

145. Nishijima S, Nagata N (2023) Create a new family called *Umezo- noviridae* including two new genera and 54 new species (*Cau- doviricetes*). https://ictv.global/ictv/proposals/2023.072B.Umezo noviridae_nf.zip

146. Turner D, Moraru C, Tolstoy I, Kropinski AM (2023) Create 28 new species in the genus *Vequintavirus* (*Caudoviricetes*). https:// ictv.global/ictv/proposals/2023.073B.Vequintavirus_28ns.zip

147. Pchelin IM, Tkachev PV, Goncharov AE (2023) Create new genus (*Vespunovirus*) in the class *Caudoviricetes*. https://ictv. global/ictv/proposals/2023.074B.Vespunovirus ng.zip

148. Turner D, Moraru C, Tolstoy I, Kropinski AM (2023) To abolish three species (*Caudoviricetes*). https://ictv.global/ictv/proposals/ 2023.075B.Caudoviricetes_ab3sp.zip

149. Łobocka M, Barylski J, Turner D, Moraru C, Tolstoy I, Kro- pinski AM (2023) Create eleven (11) new species in the genus *Wbetavirus* (*Caudoviricites*). https://ictv.global/ictv/proposals/ 2023.076B.Wbetavirus_11ns.zip
150. Turner D, Moraru C, Tolstoy I, Kropinski AM (2023) Create sixty-eight (68) species in the genus *Webervirus* (*Caudoviricetes; Drexlerviridae*). https://ictv.global/ictv/proposals/2023.077B. *Webervirus_68ns.zip*

151. Turner D, Moraru C, Tolstoy I, Kropinski AM (2023) Create a new genus (*Xajduovirus*) with a single species (*Caudoviricetes*). https://ictv.global/ictv/proposals/2023.078B. *Xajduovirus ng.zip*

152. Turner D, Moraru C, Tolstoy I, Kropinski AM (2023) Create a new genus *Zhuquevirus* with a single species [*Caudoviricites*]. https://ictv.global/ictv/proposals/2023.079B. *Zhuquevirus ng.zip*

153. Yingwang Y, Na L, Ting W, Bin C (2023) Create a new genus (*Bglawtbvirus*) with a single species in *Caudoviricetes*. https://ictv.global/ictv/proposals/2023.080B. *Bglawtbvirus ng.zip*

154. Ayllón MA, Turina M, Jiang D, Xie J, Marzano SY, Donaire L, Nerva L, Sabanadzovic S (2023) Move one species to a different genus in the family *Botourmiaviridae*. https://ictv.global/ictv/proposals/2023.001F. *Botourmiaviridae_move RENAME 1sp.zip*

155. Nibert ML, Manny AR, Hetzel CA (2023) Rename four species and create one new species in the genus *Trichomonasvirus*. https://ictv.global/ictv/proposals/2023.002F. *Trichomonasvirus_1nsp_spren.zip*

156. Firth AE, Esteban R, Sabanadzovic S (2023) Rename all species in the family comply with the ICTV-mandated binomial format (*Wolframvirales: Narnaviridae*). https://ictv.global/ictv/proposals/2023.003F. *Narnaviridae_spren.zip*

157. Sabanadzovic S, Abrahão J, Greub G, Colson P (2023) Create a new genus in the family *Marseilleviridae* (*Pimascovirales*) and rename species in the family. https://ictv.global/ictv/proposals/2023.004F. *Marseilleviridae_1newgen_spren.zip*

158. Kotta-Loizou I, Coutts RHA (2023) Converting 10 species names in family *Polymycoviridae* to a Latinized binomial (genus-species) format. https://ictv.global/ictv/proposals/2023.005F. *Polymycoviridae_spren.zip*

159. Vainio EJ, Turina M (2023) Rename eight species names in family *Curvulaviridae* (*Durnavirales*) to a Latinized binomial format. https://ictv.global/ictv/proposals/2023.006F. *Curvulaviridae_spren.zip*

160. Turina M, Lee B, Sabanadzovic S, Vainio E, Navarro B, Simmonds P, Kuhn JH, De La Pena M, Botella L, Krupovic M (2023) Create one new phylum, *Ambiviricota*, including one new class, one new order, four new families, four new genera, and 20 new species, in kingdom *Orthornavirae* (realm *Riboviria*). https://ictv.global/ictv/proposals/2023.007F. *Ambiviricota_nphy.zip*

161. Varsani A, Hopkins A, Lund MC, Krupovic M (2023) Establishing 11 new genera and 19 species in the families *Nenyaviridae*, *Naryaviridae* and *Vilyaviridae*. https://ictv.global/ictv/proposals/2023.008F. *Arfiviricetes_11ng_19nsp.zip*

162. Roux S, Yutin N, Fischer M, Schulz F (2023) Establishing formal demarcation criteria for the *Maveriviricetes* class (“virophages”), and creating or re-assigning 4 orders, 7 families, 7 genera, and 8 species within this class. https://ictv.global/ictv/proposals/2023.009F. *Virophages_reorg.zip*

163. Sabanadzovic S, Van Etten J, Rodrigues R, Claverie JM, Short S, Nissimov J (2023) Abolish 19 species in the family *Phycodnaviridae* (*Algavirales*) and rename 14 species to binomial format. https://ictv.global/ictv/proposals/2023.010F. *Phycodnaviridae_abolish19sp_spren.zip*

164. Queiroz VF, Rodrigues RAL, Abrahão JS (2023) Create 3 new families, 3 genera, and 7 new species within the order *Pimascovirales* (phylum *Nucleocytoviricota*). https://ictv.global/ictv/proposals/2023.011F. *Pimascovirales_3newfam.zip*

165. Sabanadzovic S, Vainio E, Nibert ML, Chiba S, Roossinck MJ, Suzuki N, Xie J, Rubino L (2023) Abolish 15 unassigned species in the family *Partitiviridae* (*Durnavirales*) and rename 45 species to binomial format. https://ictv.global/ictv/proposals/2023.012F. *Partitiviridae_abolish15sp_spren.zip*

166. Candresse T, Blouin A, Cao M, Cho WK, Constable F, Mollov D, Nagata T, Sabanadzovic S, Saldarelli P, Tzanetakis I, Villamor DE (2023) Rename existing species and create 1 new species (*Tymovirales: Deltaflexiviridae*). https://ictv.global/ictv/proposals/2023.013F. *Deltaflexiviridae_1nsp_spren.zip*

167. Candresse T, Blouin A, Cao M, Cho WK, Constable F, Mollov D, Nagata T, Sabanadzovic S, Saldarelli P, Tzanetakis I, Villamor DE (2023) Rename existing species (*Tymovirales: Gammaflexiviridae*). https://ictv.global/ictv/proposals/2023.014F. *Gammaflexiviridae_spren.zip*

168. Sato Y, Castón JR, Hillman BI, Kim D-H, Kondo H, Nibert ML, Lanza D, Sabanadzovic S, Stenger D, Wu M, Suzuki N (2023) Reorganize the order *Ghabrivirales* to create three new suborders, 15 new families, 12 new genera, and 176 new species. https://ictv.global/ictv/proposals/2023.015F. *Ghabrivirales_reorg.zip*

169. Okada R, Valverde RA, Sabanadzovic S, Khalifa M, Moriyama H, Roossinck MJ, Tuomivirta T. (2023) Rename all species to comply with newly ICTV-mandated binomial species format (*Martellivirales: Endornaviridae*). https://ictv.global/ictv/proposals/2023.002P. *Endornaviridae RENAME 1sp.zip*

170. Gronenborn B, Randles JW (2023) Rename the species *Coconut foliar decay virus*, genus *Cofodevirus*, family *Metaxyviridae* to comply with binomial species format. https://ictv.global/ictv/proposals/2023.003P. *Metaxyviridae RENAME 1sp.zip*

171. Thompson JR, Canto T, Carr JP, Pallás V, Šafářová, D (2023) Rename all existing species assigned to genera in the family *Bromoviridae* (*Tolivirales*) to comply with the binomial species format. https://ictv.global/ictv/proposals/2023.004P. *Bromoviridae RENAME 1sp.zip*

172. Thompson JR, Canto T, Carr JP, Pallás V, Šafářová, D (2023) Create ten (10) new species in the genus *Ilarvirus* (*Martellivirales: Bromoviridae*). https://ictv.global/ictv/proposals/2023.005P. *Bromoviridae_10nsp.zip*

173. Gronenborn B, Varsani A (2023) Rename all species in subfamilies *Nanoalphasatellitinae* and *Petromoalphasatellitinae* (family *Alphasatellitidae*). https://ictv.global/ictv/proposals/2023.006P. *Alphasatellitidae RENAME 30sp.zip*

174. Kuhn JH, Bó ED, Gago-Zachert S, García ML, Hammond J, Natsuaki T, Navarro JA, Neriya Y, Pallás V, Reyes CA, Sasaya T, Tzanetakis IE, Verbeek M, Vaira AM (2023) Rename one order in class *Milneviricetes* (*Riboviria: Negarnaviricota*). https://ictv.global/ictv/proposals/2023.007P. *Serpentovirales_1nord RENAME 1zip.zip*

175. Sasaya T, Neriya Y, Shimomoto Y, Takemura C, Yanagisawa H (2023) Create one new species in family *Aspiviridae* (*Serpentovirales*). https://ictv.global/ictv/proposals/2023.008P. *Aspiviridae_1nsp.zip*

176. Digiaro M, Elbeaino T, Kubota K, Ochoa Corona FM, von Bargen S (2023) Create *Emaravirus* kudzu as a new species in the genus *Emaravirus*, family *Fimoviridae*. https://ictv.global/ictv/proposals/2023.009P. *Emaravirus_1nsp.zip*

177. Selda Rivarez MP, Pecman A, Bačnik K, Maksimović O, Vučurović A, Seljak G, Mehle N, Gutiérrez-Aguirre I, Ravnikar M, Kutnjak D, Digiaro M, Elbeaino T, Kubota K, Ochoa Corona FM, von Bargen S (2023) Create *Emaravirus artemisiae* as a new species in the genus *Emaravirus*, family *Fimoviridae*. https://ictv.global/ictv/proposals/2023.010P. *Emaravirus_1nsp.zip*

178. Wenxia A, Chengyu L, Song Z, MeiChun Y, Mengji C, Caixia Y, Digiaro M, Elbeaino T, Kubota K, Ochoa Corona FM, von Bargen S (2023) Create *Emaravirus ailanthi* as a new species in the genus *Emaravirus*, family *Fimoviridae*. https://ictv.global/ictv/proposals/2023.011P. *Emaravirus_1nsp.zip*

179. Inoue-Nagata AK, Wylie SJ, Jordan R, Kreuze JF, Li F, Lopez-Moya JJ, Makinen K, Ohshima K (2023) Create five new species
in the genus *Potyvirus* (*Patatavirales: Potyviridae*). https://ictv.global/ictv/proposals/2023.012P.Potyviridae_5ns.zip

180. Inoue-Nagata AK, Wylie SJ, Jordan R, Kreuze JF, Li F, Lopez-Moya JJ, Makinen K, Ohshima K (2023) Rename all existing species to comply with the binomial species format (*Patatavirales: Potyviridae*). https://ictv.global/ictv/proposals/2023.013P.Potyviridae機構renamedir.zip

181. Bejerman N, Debat H (2023) Create a new genus *Welwivirus* in the family *Geminiviridae*, in the order *Geplafuvirales*, including two species, *Welwivirus welwitschiae* and *Welwivirus mirabilis*. https://ictv.global/ictv/proposals/2023.014P.Geminiviridae_1ng_2nsp.zip

182. Roumagnac P, Ascencio-Ibanez J, Lett JM, López-Lambertini PM, Martin DP, Navas-Castillo J, Ribeiro S, Urbino S, Varsani A, Zerbini FM (2023) Rename 520 species (*Geplafuvirales: Geminiviridae*). https://ictv.global/ictv/proposals/2023.015P.Geminiviridae機構renamedir.zip

183. Bragard C, Adkins S, Ali A, Gilmer D, Li D, Macfarlane S, Melcher U, Ratti C, Ryu KH, Wong SM (2023) Rename all existing species in families *Benyviridae* and *Virgaviridae* to comply with the binomial species format. https://ictv.global/ictv/ proposals/2023.016P.Virgaviridae機構renamedir.zip

184. Teycheney PY, Umber M (2023) Create two new species in the genus *Badnavirus* (*Ortervirales: Caulimoviridae*), one new species in the genus *Caulimovirus* (*Ortervirales: Caulimoviridae*), one new species in the genus *Rosadnavirus* (*Ortervirales: Cauli- moviridae*), two new species in the genus *Soymovirus* (*Ortervi- rales: Caulimoviridae*) and change exemplar isolate of species *Caulimovirus tesselodahliae*. https://ictv.global/ictv/proposals/ 2023.017P.Caulimoviridae_6ns.zip

185. Fuchs M, Hily J-M, Petrzik K, Sanfaçon H, Thompson J, van der Vlugt R, Wetzel T (2023) Create 16 new species in the family *Secoviridae* (*Picornavirales*). https://ictv.global/ictv/proposals/ 2023.018P.Secoviridae_16nsp.zip

186. Sömera M, Sarmiento C, Hebrard E, Fargette D (2023) Rename all existing species assigned to genera in the family *Solemoviridae* (*Sobelivirales*) to comply with the binomial species format, and abolish or classify the unclassified member species. https:// ictv.global/ictv/proposals/2023.019P.Solemoviridae機構renamedir

187. Sömera M (2023) Create ten species in the genus *Enamovirus* (*Sobelivirales: Solemoviridae*). https://ictv.global/ictv/proposals/ 2023.020P.Enamovirus_10nsp.zip

188. Sömera M, Sarmiento C, Hebrard E, Fargette D (2023) Create five species in the genus *Sobemovirus* (*Sobelivirales: Solemoviridae*). https://ictv.global/ictv/proposals/2023.021P.Sobemovirus_5nsp.zip

189. Sömera M (2023) Create forty-seven species in the genus *Polero virus* (*Sobelivirales: Solemoviridae*). https://ictv.global/ictv/ proposals/2023.022P.Polerovirus_47nsp.zip

190. Heydarnejad J, Gronenborn B, Varsani A (2023) Establish a new species in the genus *Nanovirus* (family *Nanoviridae*). https://ictv.global/ictv/proposals/2023.023P.Nanovirus_1nsp.zip

191. Gronenborn B, Varsani A (2023) Rename all species in family *Nanoviridae* to comply with binomial species format. https://ictv.global/ictv/proposals/2023.024P.Nanoviridae機構renamedir

192. Kreuze JF, Candresse T, Hammond J, Menzel W, Ryu KH, Vaira AM, Zavriev S, Rubino L (2023) Rename all existing species in the family *Alphaflexiviridae* to comply with the binomial species format. https://ictv.global/ictv/proposals/2023.025P.Alphaflexi viridae機構renamedir

193. Candresse T, Blouin A, Cao M, Cho WK, Constable F, Mollov D, Nagata T, Sabanadzovic S, Saldarelli P, Tzanetakis I, Villamor DE (2023) Rename all existing species in family *Betaflexiviridae* to comply with the binomial species format. https://ictv.global/ictv/proposals/2023.027P.Betaflexiviridae機構renamedir

194. Candresse T, Blouin A, Cao M, Cho WK, Constable F, Mollov D, Nagata T, Sabanadzovic S, Saldarelli P, Tzanetakis I, Villamor DE (2023) Create 13 new species (*Tymovirales: Betaflexiviridae*). https://ictv.global/ictv/proposals/2023.028P.Betaflexiviridae_13nsp.zip

195. Sömera M, Sarmiento C, Fargette D (2023) Create the new genus *Hubsclerovirus* in the family *Solemoviridae* (*Sobelivirales*) and the new species *Hubsclerovirus* HUSRV in the proposed genus. https://ictv.global/ictv/proposals/2023.029P.Hubsclerovirus_1ng_1nsp.zip

196. Sabanadzovic S, Bar-Joseph M, Candresse T, Maree HJ, Melzer MJ, Menzel W, Minafra A, Mollov D, Tzanetakis IE, Rubino L (2023) Rename species in the family *Closteroviridae* (*Martel-livirales*) to binomial format. https://ictv.global/ictv/proposals/ 2023.030P.Closteroviridae機構renamedir

197. Chiumenti M, Navarro B, Di Serio F (2023) Create a new species in the genus *Apscaviroid* (*Pospiviroidae*). https://ictv.global/ictv/ proposals/2023.031P.Pospiviroid_1nsp.zip

198. Di Serio F, Li S, Pallás V, Randles JW, Sano T, Vidalakis G, Owens RA (2023) Rename all existing species to comply with the binomial species format (Viroids: *Pospiviroidae*). https://ictv.global/ictv/proposals/2023.032P.Avsunviroidae and *Pospiviroidae*機構renamedir

199. Rubino L, Prigigallo MI, Sabanadzovic S, Kuhn JH (2023) Rename all existing species in the families *Pseudoviridae* and *Metaviridae* to comply with the binomial species format, and abolish one floating species in the family *Pseudoviridae*. https:// ictv.global/ictv/proposals/2023.033P.Pseudoviridae_Metaviridae機構renamedir

200. Urbino C, Lett JM, Roumagnac P, Navas-Castillo J, Zerbini FM (2023) Rename all 131 species in family *Tolecusatellitidae*. https://ictv.global/ictv/proposals/2023.035P.Tolecusatellitidae_機構renamedir

201. Navas-Castillo J, Zerbini FM (2023) Rename all 55 species in subfamily *Geminalphasatellitinae* (*Alphasatellitidae*). https:// ictv.global/ictv/proposals/2023.036P.Geminalphasatellitinae_機構renamedir

202. Zerbini FM, Siddell S, Mushegian A, Lefkowitz EJ, (2023) Modification of Article 5.1 (2023) of the ICTV Statutes. https:// ictv.global/ictv/proposals/2023.001G.Statute_Update.docx

203. Zerbini FM, Kuhn J (2023) Establish a formal procedure for taxonomic proposal (TaxoProp) withdrawal, and a location to store rejected and withdrawn TaxoProp. https://ictv.global/ictv/propo sals/2023.002G.Proposal_withdrawal.zip

204. Adriaenssens EM, Dutilh BE, Harrach B, Junglen S, Kropinski, AM, Krupovic M, Kuhn JH, Mushegian A, Postler TS, Rubino, L, Sabanadzovic S, Simmonds P, Varsani A, Zerbini M (2018) Modify the International Code of Virus Classification and Nomenclature (ICVCN) to prospectively mandate a uniform genus-species type virus species naming format https:// ictv.global/ictv/proposals/2018.001G.R.binomial Species.pdf

205. Siddell SG, Walker PJ, Lefkowitz EJ, Mushegian AR, Dutilh BE, Harrach B, Harrison RL, Junglen S, Knowles NJ, Kropinski AM, Krupovic M, Kuhn JH, Nibert ML, Rubino L, Sabanadzovic S, Simmonds P, Varsani A, Zerbini FM, Davison AJ (2020) Binnomial nomenclature for virus species: a consultation. Arch Virol 165:519–525

206. Walker PJ, Siddell SG, Lefkowitz EJ, Mushegian AR, Adri-aenssens EM, Alfenas-Zerbini P, Davison AJ, Dempsey DM, Dutilh BE, García ML, Harrach B, Harrison RL, Hendrickson RC, Junglen S, Knowles NJ, Krupovic M, Kuhn JH, Lambert AJ, Łobocka M, Nibert ML, Oksanen HM, Orton RJ, Robert- son DL, Rubino L, Sabanadzovic S, Simmonds P, Smith DB, Suzuki N, Van Dooerslaer K, Vandamme AM, Varsani A, Zerbini FM (2021) Changes to virus taxonomy and to the International Code of Virus Classification and Nomenclature ratified by the
International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (2021). Arch Virol 166:2633–2648

207. Forgia M, Navarro B, Daghino S, Cervera A, Gisel A, Perotto S, Aghayeva DN, Akyuwa MF, Gobbi E, Zheludev IN, Edgar RC, Chikhi R, Turina M, Babaian A, Di Serio F, de la Peña M (2023) Hybrids of RNA viruses and viroid-like elements replicate in fungi. Nat Commun 14:2591

208. Kuhn JH, Babaian A, Bergner LM, Dény P, Glebe D, Horie M, Koonin EV, Krupovic M, Paraskevopoulou S, de la Peña M, Smura T, Hepojoki J (2024) ICTV Virus Taxonomy Profile: Kolmioviridae 2024. J Gen Virol 105

209. Kuhn JH, Botella L, de la Peña M, Vainio EJ, Krupovic M, Lee BD, Navarro B, Sabanadzovic S, Simmonds P, Turina M (2024) Ambiviricota, a novel ribovirian phylum for viruses with viroid-like properties. J Virol 98:e0083124

210. Lee BD, Neri U, Roux S, Wolf YI, Camargo AP, Krupovic M, Simmonds P, Kyrpides N, Gophna U, Dolja VV, Koonin EV

(2023) Mining metatranscriptomes reveals a vast world of viroid-like circular RNAs. Cell 186:646-661.e644

211. Turner D, Shkoporov AN, Lood C, Millard AD, Dutilh BE, Alfenas-Zerbini P, van Zyl LJ, Aziz RK, Oksanen HM, Poranen MM, Kropinski AM, Barylski J, Brister JR, Chanisvili N, Edwards RA, Enault F, Gillis A, Knezevic P, Krupovic M, Kurtböke I, Kushkina A, Lavigne R, Lehman S, Lobocka M, Moraru C, Moreno Switt A, Morozova V, Nakavuma J, Reyes Muñoz A, Rümnieks J, Sarkar BL, Sullivan MB, Uchiyama J, Wittmann J, Yigang T, Adriaenssens EM (2023) Abolishment of morphology-based taxa and change to binomial species names: 2022 taxonomy update of the ICTV bacterial viruses subcommittee. Arch Virol 168:74

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## Authors and Affiliations

Peter Simmonds¹ ID, Evelien M. Adriaenssens² ID, Elliot J. Lefkowitz³ ID, Hanna M. Oksanen⁴ ID, Stuart G. Siddell⁵ ID

Francisco Murilo Zerbini⁶ ID, Poliane Alfenas-Zerbini⁷ ID, Frank O. Aylward⁸ ID, Donald M. Dempsey³ ID

Bas E. Dutilh⁹,¹⁰ ID, Juliana Freitas-Astúa¹¹ ID, María Laura García¹² ID, R. Curtis Hendrickson³ ID

Holly R. Hughes¹³ ID, Sandra Junglen¹⁴ ID, Mart Krupovic¹⁵ ID, Jens H. Kuhn¹⁶ ID, Amy J. Lambert¹⁷ ID

Małgorzata Łobocka¹⁸ ID, Arcady R. Mushegian¹⁹ ID, Judit Penzes²⁰ ID, Alejandro Reyes Muñoz²¹ ID

David L. Robertson²² ID, Simon Roux²³ ID, Luisa Rubino²⁴ ID, Sead Sabanadzovic²⁵,²⁶ ID, Donald B. Smith¹ ID

Nobuhiro Suzuki²⁷ ID, Dann Turner²⁸ ID, Koenraad Van Doorslaer²⁹ ID, Anne-Mieke Vandamme³⁰,³¹ ID

Arvind Varsani³² ID

<figure><img src="image_2.png" /></figure>

Peter Simmonds

Peter.Simmonds@ndm.ox.ac.uk

1. Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Peter Medawar Building, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3SY, UK

2. Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UQ, UK

3. Department of Microbiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, BBRB 276, 845 19th St South, Birmingham, AL 35294-2170, USA

4. Molecular and Integrative Biosciences Research Programme, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Viikinkaari 9, 00014 Helsinki, Finland

5. School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Bristol, University Walk, Bristol BS8 1TD, UK

6. Departamento de Fitopatologia/BIOAGRO, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG 36570-900, Brazil

7. Departamento de Microbiologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG 36570-900, Brazil

8. Department of Biological Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA

9. Institute of Biodiversity, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Cluster of Excellence Balance of the Microverse, Friedrich Schiller University, Fürstengraben 1, 07743 Jena, Germany

10. Theoretical Biology and Bioinformatics, Department of Biology, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH Utrecht, The Netherlands

11. Embrapa Cassava and Fruits, Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation, Cruz das Almas, BA 44380-000, Brazil

12. Instituto de Biotecnología y Biología Molecular, CCT-La Plata, CONICET-UNLP, Calles 47 y 115 (1900), La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina

13. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA

14. Institute of Virology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Corporate Member of Free University Berlin, Humboldt-University Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany

15. Archaeal Virology Unit, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, CNRS UMR6047, 25 rue du Dr Roux, 75015 Paris, France

16. Integrated Research Facility at Fort Detrick, Division of Clinical Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, B-8200 Research Plaza, Fort Detrick, Frederick, MD 21702, USA

17. Division of Vector-Borne Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Fort Collins, CO 80521, USA

18. Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics of the Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
19 Division of Molecular and Cellular Biosciences, National Science Foundation, 2415 Eisenhower Avenue, Alexandria, VA 22314, USA

20 Institute for Quantitative Biomedicine, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA

21 Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia

22 MRC-University of Glasgow Centre for Virus Research, Sir Michael Stoker Building, 464 Bearsden Road, Glasgow G61 1QH, UK

23 DOE Joint Genome Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, USA

24 Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto per la Protezione Sostenibile delle Piante, Sede Secondaria di Bari, Via Amendola 165/A, 70126 Bari, Italy

25 Department of Agricultural Science and Plant Protection, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762, USA

26 Institute for Genomics, Biocomputing and Biotechnology, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762, USA

27 Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University, Kurashiki, Okayama 710-0046, Japan

28 School of Applied Sciences, Faculty of Health, Science and Society, University of the West of England, Bristol, UK

29 Department of Immunobiology, School of Animal and Comparative Biomedical Sciences, BIO5 Institute, University of Arizona Cancer Center, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA

30 Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Clinical and Epidemiological Virology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium

31 Center for Global Health and Tropical Medicine, Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Rua da Junqueira, 100, 1349-008 Lisbon, Portugal

32 The Biodesign Center for Fundamental and Applied Microbiomics, School of Life Sciences, Center for Evolution and Medicine, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287-4701, USA