# Open Access in France: how the call of Jussieu reflects our social, technical and political landscape

Laurent Romary

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## To cite this version:

Laurent Romary. Open Access in France: how the call of Jussieu reflects our social, technical and political landscape. Open-Access-Tage, Sep 2018, Graz, Austria. hal-01881469

HAL Id: hal-01881469

https://inria.hal.science/hal-01881469

Submitted on 26 Sep 2018

HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access archive for the deposit and dissemination of scientific research documents, whether they are published or not. The documents may come from teaching and research institutions in France or abroad, or from public or private research centers.

L'archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, émanant des établissements d'enseignement et de recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires publics ou privés.

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Distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License
# Open Access in France: how the call of Jussieu reflects our social, technical and political landscape

Laurent Romary,
Directeur de Recherche - Inria

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# Jussieu: why and how...

* The gist of Jussieu

— We could not accept the (APC-based) golden rush...

— First meeting in Jussieu campus on 20 May 2016

* A favourable landscape

— Jussieu is just the tip of the French iceberg

— The clue: a combination of centralism and consensus building

* Infrastructures

— HAL, but not only...

* A strong political support

* A not so typical example: Inria
# Why are we here today?

* *Appel de Jussieu*: http://jussieucall.org

- “This Call is aimed at scientific communities, professional associations and research institutions to promote a scientific publishing open-access model fostering **bibliodiversity and innovation** without involving the exclusive transfer of journal subscription monies to APC payments.”

* What it is about:

- Writing practices, peer-review procedures, editorial services on content, additional services (TDM...), business models
DOSSIERS

Lorraine Université d'Excellence

Portraits

Doctorat

Mut@camp

Rentrée 2018

NOS LABORATOIRES |

L'Université de Lorraine s'engage en faveur de la science ouverte

F

Publié le 19/04/2018

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Tweet

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institutionnel au bouquet de près de 2 000 est le prix qui n'a cessé d'augmenter au cours soutenable par les établissements universitaires

€ sur le prix de l'unité, couvrant de l'ouverture open access

UNIVERSITÉ
DE LORRAINE

Concrete measures to re-use saved Springer
budget at Université de Lorraine:

* SSH: Subscription to open and public platforms (OpenEdition, France; Erudit, Canada, Open Library of Humanities, UK)

* STM: Sci-Post (physics), EDP Sciences (France), Epiga (overlay journal on Eposciences.org)

* Joining the Fair Open Access Alliance

* Support to Directory of Open Access Journals – DOAJ, Coalition of Open Access Repositories – COAR, Sparc Europe

* Note: favouring free for authors-free for readers approaches
OUR ORGANISATIONAL LANDSCAPE
# A hitchhiker's guide to the French higher education and research landscape

* 68 Universities
  - Organized in a variety of ways, but you don't want to know...

* Various research institutions
  - EPST (8): CNRS, Inria, INRA, INSERM, ...
  - EPIC (Many!): Ifremer, CEA, CNES

* A national funding agency
  - ANR: Agence Nationale de la Recherche

* A national assessment agency
  - HCERES: Haut Conseil de l'évaluation de la recherche et de l'enseignement supérieur
Coordination at all levels

* **Couperin** (Consortium unifié des établissements universitaires et de recherche pour l'accès aux publications numériques)

– Universities and research organisations

- Negotiation of documentary services

– Support to new non-private documentary services

- European and international collaborations (e.g. OpenAire)

* **ADBU** (Association des directeurs et personnels de direction des bibliothèques universitaires et de la documentation)

– Coordination of managerial staff in university libraries

* **EPRIST** (responsables de l'information scientifique et technique des organismes de recherche français)

– Research organisation

- Coordination of scientific information policies

* From BSN to **CoSO** (Comité pour la science ouverte), cf. Jussieu

– National coordination under the auspices of the French Ministry of Higher Education and Research

– Publication, research data, Europe and international, competences and training

– A variety of working groups
# A network of scientific information infrastructures

* **INIST-CNRS** (Institut de l'information scientifique et technique)

- General S&T information services: access gateway for consortial subscriptions, information delivery of enriched full-text (ISTEX)

* **ABES** (Agence bibliographique de l'enseignement supérieur)

- Coordinating information flows for higher education institution (e.g. central catalogue, PhD theses deposit)

* **OpenEdition**

- Publishing tools for human and social sciences: books, journals, blogs, events

* **Persée**

- Portal of digitized legacy journals in human and social sciences

* **Huma-Num**

- Data infrastructure for the social and human sciences

* **CCSD**

- HAL! ... and a couple of other things.

* Collaborating infrastructures working for the community as a whole
# HAL – A CENTRAL REPOSITORY
INFRASTRUCTURE
The infrastructure at our service

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CCSD (Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe), a joint service unit of:

- CNRS

- Inria

- INRA

- Université de Lyon
# HAL – a multi-purpose publication repository

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## Services

* Centralised publishing environment

* Preprints, articles, theses

* Institutional collections and portal

* Individual webpages

* Data sets

* ...

## Library support

* Decentralised moderation/curation

* Paper, metadata

* Support to setting up collections (persons, teams, laboratories)

* Raising awareness: from pre-print to final publications

## Technologies

* Long term archiving

* Versioning

* Persistent identifiers

* Deep meta-data scheme

* Import-export facilities

* TEI, Bibtex, EndNote, etc.

* And Grobid...
# GROBID: the ultimate PDF to XML tool

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publishing

text-mining

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(unstructured data)</figcaption></figure>

> “Converting PDF to XML is a bit like converting hamburgers into cows. You may be best off printing it and then scanning the result through a decent OCR package.”

Michael Kay (http://lists.xml.org/archives/xml-dev/200607/msg00509.html)

Inspired from: Duncan Hull
# Sciencesconf.org – a conference management tool

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## Services

* Online conference management tool

* Abstracts, full paper, peer review, conference program, registration

* Over 6000 conferences so far

## Technologies

* Modular services

* Unique authentication system

* Connection to HAL authorities

* Upload to HAL

## Library support

* Supervises the creation of a conference instance

* Create conference series

* Moderates the integration of the papers as a collection in HAL
# Episciences.org – an overlay journal platform

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## Services

* Overlay certification environment

* Post publication peer review

* “Traditional” reviewing environment

* Invited editors - special issues

## Technologies

* OAI-PMH interface with repositories

* Publication: arXiv, HAL, CWI

* Data: Nakala, Ortolang

* Versioning

* Cataloguing facilities

## Library support

* Setting up new journals

* Editorial support

* Experimenting new usages: e.g. data journals
# AureHAL – shared sauthorities

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## Services

* General purpose authorities

* Authors

* Organisations

* Journals

* National and EU projects

## Technologies

* Connection to external databases

* ORCID, IdRef, VIAF, etc.

* Integration in the French organisational framework

* APIs

* Standardised export formats (TEI, again)

## Library support

* Curates the creation and de-duplication of authorities

* Confronts with external data bases (e.g. EU projects)
# Decentralising the usage of HAL with CasuHAL

## Our objectives

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- To improve the functional developments of the HAL platform needed to fulfill the institution's requirements

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- Promote sharing of information and best practices between the institutions

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- Provide an open and transparent forum to HAL users

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- Be a communication hub for all the partners

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- Participate in policy-making decisions

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5 working groups, meeting every other month

Board of 6 persons, meeting monthly
Monthly meetings between the board and the CCSD, regular meetings of the board with the partners (Consortium Couperin open access WG, Higher Education agencies, Research organisations...)

CasuHAL

HAL Open Access Repository Users Group
A STRONG POLITICAL SUPPORT
FROM THE STATE
# Loi pour une République Numérique

* Published on 7 October 2016

* Two main articles:

- Article 30: Open access

* 50% publicly funded research

* Any version of the author's manuscript

* Maximum of 6 month (STM), 12 months (SSH) embargo

- Article 38: TDM

* For legally acquired material

* We are still waiting for the implementation guidelines...
# National plan for Open Science

* Issued 4th July 2018 by Frédérique Vidal, Ministre de l'Enseignement supérieur, de la Recherche et de l'Innovation

Strong underlying principles:

> "Open science seeks to create an ecosystem in which scientific research is more cumulative, better supported by data and more transparent with faster and more universal access to results."

* Aligning with the Open Government Partnership (OGP)
# 1. Generalizing Open Access to publications

* Roadmap

- Make open access mandatory when publishing articles and books resulting from government-funded calls for projects.

- Create an Open Science fund

* Investing in open publishing systems that remain under the control of the scientific community

* In line with the *Appel de Jussieu*

* preprints, short-format manuscripts, data articles, open peer review, etc.

- Support the HAL national open repository

* Additional priorities

- Assessment based upon quality, not quantity – explicit reference to the San Francisco Declaration on Research Assessment (DORA)

- Recommending open licensing for publications and data
## 2. Structure research data and make it available through Open Access

* Roadmap

- Make open access dissemination mandatory for research data resulting from government-funded projects.

- Create the position of Chief Data Officer and the corresponding network within the relevant institutions.

- Create the conditions for and promote the adoption of an Open Data policy for scholarly papers.

* Additional priorities

- ANR FLASH call for project to accelerate the opening of research data access in France

- Create a research data award for outstanding teams and projects in this field

- Support the Research Data Alliance (RDA) and Software Heritage, the source code library.
3. Be part of a sustainable European and
international Open Science dynamic

* Roadmap

- Develop **open science skills**, especially in postgraduate schools.

- Encourage **research agencies** to adopt open science policies.

- Actively contribute to structuring European data in the **European Open Science Cloud** and by participating in **GO FAIR**.

* Various additional priorities, but note:

- The creation of an “**Open Science**” certification for postgraduate schools

- The compilation of **public datasets** on

* **costs for electronic acquisitions** from university libraries and research institutions,

* **article and book publishing charges**, and

* **research funding for calls for projects** and their beneficiaries.
Application: ANR policy

* Explicit reference to open access in the 2019 action plan (26 July 2018)

— Abiding to the loi Pour une République numérique and the open science policy of 4 July 2018

• « l'ANR [..] demande que toutes les publications consécutives aux projets qu'elle finance, soient déposées en texte intégral dans une archive ouverte, soit directement dans HAL soit par l'intermédiaire d'une archive institutionnelle locale. »

• http://www.agence-nationale-recherche.fr/PA2019

— "ANR requires that the full text publications resulting from projects that it finances be deposited in open access either directly in HAL or via a local institutional archive"

* And they signed “Plan S” as well as the DORA declaration...
Application: HCERES on HAL

* Plans to require that assessment campaigns be based on publications available in HAL

– Communication from Michel Cosnard, January 2018

* Publishes its own assessment reports on HAL:

– https://hal-hceres.archives-ouvertes.fr

– OK, no licences yet, more evangelization to come
A QUICK ZOOM ON INRIA
# Inria — a research organisation with a vision

4,400

People

(60 % paid by Inria)

8

Research Centers
in France

41

International
conferences

66

International
teams

Scientific
publications

4,450

180

Project teams

250

Active patents

1,000 Doctoral students
100 Post-Doctoral
300 R&D engineers

3,500

Scientists

A BUDGET OF
€ 265M

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## Vision for a scientific information policy

* Maximising the **dissemination of our scientific assets** (visibility and swift dissemination of knowledge), for a reasonable price

* Constitution of a reliable and **sovereign institutional corpus** (documentation, preservation, access), with clear public governance principles

* Contribution to **shaping the scientific communication landscape** in terms of editorial processes and usage made of scientific productions
Inria scientific information policy in
concrete terms

* Deposit mandate on all scientific publications (in HAL, CC-BY)

- Condition to appear in annual research reports

- Comprising articles in gold open access journals

* Central budget for APCs

- Management of a national dashboard of costs and journals

* Forbidding hybrid open access

* Engaging in developing new publication models

- Editorial support to *Episciences* based journals

- Investment and support to *Software Heritage*

* Printed material as disposable goods

- Creation of a central collection of reference works

- On going digitization project (on HAL)
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# Welcome to HAL-Inria

Hal-Inria allows to access all publications in HAL and, for Inria team members, to deposit the full text of their scientific contributions

## Zoom on...

### Episciences survey: users highlight advantages

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épisciences.org

A survey was conducted in the form of a questionnaire and distributed to the editors of the 11 journals active on Episciences in April 2018.

The survey highlighted the strengths of Episciences:

* an economic model considered virtuous by the journals on Episciences;

* publication of references of articles, volumes and sections on a personalised website;

* independent evaluation by members of editorial boards outside traditional private editorial circuits;

* technical support and day-to-day assistance in using the platform.

Read the results of the survey

Reminder: The Inria Scientific Edition team accompanies you in your *epijournal* project in computer science and applied mathematics.

## LATEST DEPOSITS

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Nour EI Houda Ghanmi. Etude DFT de l'influence des ions fluorure sur les mécanismes de croissance des oxydes nanoporeux par oxydation anodique. Chimie-Physique [physics.chem-ph]. Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2017. Français. 〈NNT : 2017PA066354〉. 〈tel-01879538〉

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Mahmoud Teimouri. D'une pensée moderniste à une approche paysagère : étude du rôle de l'identité dans les approches de rénovation urbaine à Téhéran contemporain (depuis la fondation de l' organisation de la rénovation urbaine de Téhéran en 1975). Art et histoire de l'art. Université Panthéon-Sorbonne - Paris I, 2015. Français. 〈NNT : 2015PA010550〉. 〈tel-01879537〉

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Enrica Montalban. Long-lasting effects of operant conditioning and cocaine on D1 pyramidal neurons in prefrontal cortex and on the D1 and D2 striatal neurons mRNAs. Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]. Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2016. English. 〈NNT : 2016PA066723〉. 〈tel-01879536〉

## SEARCH

Termes de recherche

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## LINKS

* Documentation

* Helpdesk Inria

* contact

## NEWS

SAVE THE DATE "INTEROPÉRABILITÉ ET PÉRENNISATION DES DONNÉES DE LA RECHERCHE: COMMENT FAIR EN PRATIQUE ? RETOURS D'EXPÉRIENCES" (10/9/18)

Paris, November 27th, 2018

NEW UPDATE OF HAL RELEASE NOTES (IN FRENCH) (6/9/18)

AN EXTREMUM STRONG NEWS FOR OPEN SCIENCE (IN FRENCH) (7/13/18)

SEMINAR PDS/EHESS INTERVENTIONS ARE NOW AVAILABLE IN AUDIO (6/22/18)

WHY COLLECT, PRESERVE AND SHARE TEH SOURCE CODE OF ALL THE SOFTWARE THAT IS AVAILABLE? (6/19/18)

## NUMBER OF FULL TEXT DOCUMENTS

581 298
The Inria collection in figures

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# Full-text coverage at Inria

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Pourcentage de dépôt en texte intégral Inria en 2017 (source HAL)

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Bordeaux -
Sud-Ouest

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Grenoble -
Rhône-Alpes

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Lille -
Nord Europe

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Nancy -
Grand Est

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Paris

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Rennes -
Bretagne Atlantique

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Sophia Antipolis -
Méditerranée

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Saclay -
Île-de-France

Pourcentage de dépôt en texte intégral par centre en 2017

## Issues:

* Structural: theses, books

* Sociological: multidisciplinarity (biomedicine)
# Tracing APCs at Inria

## Number of articles under APC

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## Main publishers

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Inria APC trends

* Less than 10% leaks for OA payment
  - i.e. paid directly by research teams

* Very good control of hybrid OA
  - only two leaks in 2017

* 80% come from the bio-informatics domain

* Main publishers (2014-2017):
  - Frontiers (17%), PLOS (19%)
Conclusion

* Too French... ?

* The obvious advantage of coordination

- Cheap and efficient management of a central publication repository

- Sharing publishing experiments

- Keeping our hope in public infrastructures for research

* Should we join forces?
Merci pour votre attention !

"Scientific research is a common good that we must share with everyone."

Frédérique Vidal, July 2018