PlbKin190/physical-ai-atlas-data huggingface dataset:
Robot: Optimus
Maker: Tesla (US)
Category: humanoid-biped
Status: pilot
First announced: 2021
Height: 173 cm
Weight: 57 kg
Payload: 20 kg
Hand DOF: 22
Top speed: 2.2 m/s
Compute: Tesla AI5 SoC (announced for V3)
AI stack: End-to-end neural networks (vision-to-action); Grok voice integration
Availability: Not for sale; internal Tesla factory use only, V3 volume production planned at Fremont from summer 2026
Target markets: manufacturing, logistics, consumer
EMEA presence: None announced; deployments confined to Tesla US factories
Tesla's mass-market bet on general-purpose humanoids: Gen 3 hands (22 DOF) on a body slated for volume production from summer 2026. Musk frames Optimus as potentially Tesla's biggest product ever.
Le pari grand public de Tesla sur l'humanoïde généraliste : mains Gen 3 à 22 degrés de liberté et production de masse de la V3 annoncée à Fremont pour l'été 2026. Musk présente Optimus comme le plus gros produit potentiel de Tesla.
Robot: Figure 03
Maker: Figure AI (US)
Category: humanoid-biped
Status: pilot
First announced: 2025
Height: 168 cm
Weight: 60 kg
Payload: 20 kg
Runtime: 5 h
Hand DOF: 20
Top speed: 1.2 m/s
Compute: Dual embedded low-power GPUs (onboard inference)
AI stack: Helix vision-language-action (VLA) model
Availability: Not sold individually; commercial fleet contracts (BMW, ~$25/robot-hour reported) and home alpha; BotQ plant sized for up to 12,000 units/year
Target markets: manufacturing, logistics, home
EMEA presence: BMW partnership runs at the US Spartanburg plant; no European deployment announced
Third-generation humanoid designed around the Helix VLA model, with tactile fingertips (3 g sensitivity), palm cameras and 2 kW wireless charging. Announced October 9, 2025 and built for both home and commercial fleets.
Humanoïde de troisième génération conçu autour du modèle VLA Helix : bouts de doigts tactiles (sensibilité 3 g), caméras dans les paumes, charge sans fil 2 kW. Annoncé le 9 octobre 2025, pensé à la fois pour la maison et les flottes commerciales.
Robot: Atlas (electric)
Maker: Boston Dynamics (US)
Category: humanoid-biped
Status: pilot
First announced: 2024
Height: 190 cm
Weight: 90 kg
Payload: 30 kg
Runtime: 4 h
Degrees of freedom (total): 56
Compute: NVIDIA Jetson Thor (announced 2025)
AI stack: Large Behavior Models (with Toyota Research Institute); Google DeepMind partnership
Availability: Commercial product launched at CES 2026; first fleets at Hyundai Metaplant America (Georgia) and Google DeepMind
Target markets: manufacturing, logistics
EMEA presence: CE marking shown on the official spec sheet; no European deployments announced yet
The most capable production humanoid on paper: 56 DOF, 50 kg burst / 30 kg sustained payload, IP67, autonomous 3-minute battery swap. Hyundai is building an automotive-grade supply chain around it.
L'humanoïde de série le plus capable sur le papier : 56 degrés de liberté, 50 kg en pointe / 30 kg en continu, IP67, échange de batterie autonome en 3 minutes. Hyundai construit autour de lui une chaîne d'approvisionnement de qualité automobile.
Robot: Digit
Maker: Agility Robotics (US)
Category: humanoid-biped
Status: production
First announced: 2019
Height: 175 cm
Payload: 16 kg
Top speed: 1.8 m/s
AI stack: Agility Arc cloud orchestration; learned and scripted skills
Availability: RaaS deployments (reported ~$30/robot-hour); multi-year GXO agreement; SPAC listing announced July 2026 ($2.5B)
Target markets: logistics, manufacturing
EMEA presence: Schaeffler (DE) is a strategic investor and customer; commercial deployments so far are at US sites
The only bipedal humanoid with sustained revenue-generating operations: over 100,000 totes moved at GXO and 8-hour daily shifts at Schaeffler's US plant. Next-gen version targets ~23 kg payload.
Le seul humanoïde bipède avec des opérations commerciales payantes dans la durée : plus de 100 000 bacs déplacés chez GXO et des postes de 8 heures quotidiens dans l'usine américaine de Schaeffler. La prochaine version vise environ 23 kg de charge utile.
Robot: Apollo
Maker: Apptronik (US)
Category: humanoid-biped
Status: pilot
First announced: 2023
Height: 173 cm
Weight: 72.5 kg
Payload: 25 kg
Runtime: 4 h
AI stack: Google DeepMind partnership (Gemini Robotics)
Availability: Pilots with Mercedes-Benz and GXO; volume manufacturing partnership with Jabil
Target markets: manufacturing, logistics
EMEA presence: Mercedes-Benz (DE) is a pilot partner and investor
Austin-based humanoid with NASA heritage, 25 kg payload and 4-hour swappable battery. One of the few Western humanoids paired with a frontier AI lab (Google DeepMind).
Humanoïde d'Austin à l'héritage NASA : 25 kg de charge utile et batterie échangeable de 4 heures. L'un des rares humanoïdes occidentaux adossé à un laboratoire d'IA de pointe (Google DeepMind).
Robot: NEO
Maker: 1X Technologies (NO)
Category: humanoid-biped
Status: pilot
First announced: 2023
Height: 168 cm
Weight: 30 kg
Payload: 25 kg
Runtime: 4 h
Hand DOF: 22
Top speed: 1.4 m/s
AI stack: Redwood AI (1X generalist VLA) + onboard LLM; expert teleoperation fallback
Price (USD): 20000
Availability: Pre-orders open ($20,000 or $499/month, $200 deposit); first US deliveries 2026, Europe targeted 2027
Target markets: home, consumer
EMEA presence: Norwegian company (HQ Moss, Norway); European consumer launch targeted for 2027
The first consumer humanoid sold at a fixed public price: a soft-bodied, tendon-driven 30 kg android for household chores, quiet at ~22 dB. Human teleoperators can assist remotely, which sparked a privacy debate at launch.
Le premier humanoïde grand public vendu à prix affiché : un androïde de 30 kg à corps souple et entraînement par tendons pour les tâches ménagères, silencieux (~22 dB). Des téléopérateurs humains peuvent l'assister à distance, ce qui a déclenché un débat sur la vie privée au lancement.
Robot: G1
Maker: Unitree Robotics (CN)
Category: humanoid-biped
Status: production
First announced: 2024
Height: 127 cm
Weight: 35 kg
Runtime: 2 h
Degrees of freedom (total): 23
Top speed: 2 m/s
Compute: NVIDIA Jetson Orin (EDU configurations)
AI stack: Open developer SDK (Python/C++/ROS2); RL-based locomotion
Price (USD): 16000
Availability: On sale worldwide from $16,000; EDU configs $43,900-$73,900; Unitree shipped 5,500+ humanoids in 2025
Target markets: research, education
EMEA presence: Widely distributed in Europe via resellers; de facto standard platform in EU robotics labs
The robot that crashed humanoid pricing: a capable 23-DOF biped at $16,000. Unitree shipped more humanoids in 2025 than every competitor combined, making the G1 the default research platform worldwide.
Le robot qui a fait s'effondrer les prix des humanoïdes : un bipède capable à 23 degrés de liberté pour 16 000 $. Unitree a livré plus d'humanoïdes en 2025 que tous ses concurrents réunis, faisant du G1 la plateforme de recherche par défaut dans le monde.
Robot: H2
Maker: Unitree Robotics (CN)
Category: humanoid-biped
Status: production
First announced: 2025
Height: 180 cm
Weight: 70 kg
Payload: 7 kg
Runtime: 3 h
Degrees of freedom (total): 31
Price (USD): 29900
Availability: On sale; base $29,900 (dexterous hands optional); North American distributor bundles from $40,900
Target markets: research, entertainment, service
EMEA presence: Available in Europe via Unitree's reseller network
Unveiled October 2025 as the world's cheapest full-size humanoid ($29,900): 180 cm, 31 DOF, 7 kg payload (21 kg peak) and a bionic face aimed at human-facing roles.
Dévoilé en octobre 2025 comme l'humanoïde grande taille le moins cher du monde (29 900 $) : 180 cm, 31 degrés de liberté, 7 kg de charge utile (21 kg en pointe) et un visage bionique pensé pour les rôles au contact du public.
Robot: GR-3
Maker: Fourier Intelligence (CN)
Category: humanoid-biped
Status: production
First announced: 2025
Height: 165 cm
Weight: 71 kg
Runtime: 3 h
Degrees of freedom (total): 55
AI stack: Full-Perception Multimodal Interaction System (sight, sound, touch fusion)
Availability: On sale via international distributors; made its US debut at CES 2026
Target markets: healthcare, hospitality, education
EMEA presence: Sold via international distributors; Fourier's rehabilitation-robotics network already spans EMEA
A 'Care-Bot' rather than a factory worker: 55 DOF, soft-touch shell and 31 pressure sensors for emotional, touch-driven interaction in eldercare and clinics, the leading care-focused humanoid positioning.
Un « Care-Bot » plutôt qu'un ouvrier d'usine : 55 degrés de liberté, revêtement doux et 31 capteurs de pression pour une interaction émotionnelle et tactile dans le soin et les cliniques : le positionnement « care » le plus abouti du marché.
Robot: Walker S2
Maker: UBTech Robotics (CN)
Category: humanoid-biped
Status: production
First announced: 2025
Height: 176 cm
Payload: 15 kg
Runtime: 2 h
Degrees of freedom (total): 52
Top speed: 2 m/s
AI stack: BrainNet 2.0 + Co-Agent framework
Availability: Mass production and deliveries since November 2025; Walker-series orders above 800M yuan (~$112M)
Target markets: manufacturing, logistics
EMEA presence: None announced; deployments concentrated in Chinese EV and electronics plants (BYD, Zeekr, Foxconn, Dongfeng)
First humanoid that swaps its own battery in 3 minutes for 24/7 operation. Backed by the largest disclosed humanoid order book in China (~$112M) and factory pilots across BYD, Nio, Zeekr and Foxconn.
Premier humanoïde qui échange lui-même sa batterie en 3 minutes pour fonctionner 24 h/24. Adossé au plus gros carnet de commandes humanoïdes divulgué en Chine (~112 M$) et à des pilotes en usine chez BYD, Nio, Zeekr et Foxconn.
Robot: IRON (next-gen)
Maker: XPeng (CN)
Category: humanoid-biped
Status: prototype
First announced: 2024
Height: 178 cm
Weight: 70 kg
Degrees of freedom (total): 82
Hand DOF: 22
Compute: 3x XPeng Turing AI chips (~3,000 TOPS)
AI stack: XPeng VLT (Vision-Language-Task) + VLA + VLM stack, derived from autonomous driving
Availability: Not for sale; mass production targeted for end of 2026, commercial service scenarios first (guides, retail)
Target markets: retail, service, manufacturing
EMEA presence: None; China-first commercial rollout by an EV maker with an existing European sales network
The most human-like humanoid shown to date (spine, bionic muscles, flexible skin) and the first with a full solid-state battery. XPeng repositioned itself as a 'physical AI' company around it in November 2025.
L'humanoïde le plus proche de l'humain présenté à ce jour (colonne vertébrale, muscles bioniques, peau souple) et le premier doté d'une batterie tout solide. XPeng s'est repositionné autour de lui comme entreprise de « physical AI » en novembre 2025.
Robot: Yuanzheng A2
Maker: AgiBot (Zhiyuan Robotics) (CN)
Category: humanoid-biped
Status: production
First announced: 2024
Height: 169 cm
Weight: 69 kg
Runtime: 2 h
Degrees of freedom (total): 40
AI stack: AgiBot foundation models (incl. GO-1); L4 autonomous navigation with 3D-SLAM
Availability: Mass-produced; AgiBot delivered 5,100+ humanoids in 2025 (world #1 by volume), 10,000th robot in March 2026
Target markets: service, retail, manufacturing
EMEA presence: None announced; China-centric with stated international expansion plans
Flagship of the world's highest-volume humanoid maker: AgiBot out-shipped every rival in 2025 (~39% of global volume). The A2 targets interactive service roles rather than heavy industry.
Porte-étendard du constructeur d'humanoïdes au plus gros volume mondial : AgiBot a livré plus d'unités que tout autre acteur en 2025 (~39 % du volume global). L'A2 vise les rôles de service interactif plutôt que l'industrie lourde.
Robot: Astribot S1
Maker: Astribot (Stardust Intelligence) (CN)
Category: humanoid-wheeled
Status: production
First announced: 2024
Payload: 10 kg
Availability: Sold via distributors; research editions reported around $50,000, commercial deployments $96,000-$150,000 (unofficial)
Target markets: research, service, hospitality
Went viral in April 2024 with superhuman arm speed: end-effectors move at 10+ m/s with 100 m/s2 acceleration and +/-0.1 mm repeatability on a wheeled base, the benchmark for fast dexterous manipulation.
Devenu viral en avril 2024 grâce à une vitesse de bras surhumaine : effecteurs à plus de 10 m/s, accélération de 100 m/s2 et répétabilité de ±0,1 mm sur base roulante : la référence de la manipulation rapide et précise.
Robot: Galbot G1
Maker: Galbot (Galaxy General Robotics) (CN)
Category: humanoid-wheeled
Status: production
First announced: 2024
Height: 173 cm
Weight: 85 kg
Runtime: 10 h
Degrees of freedom (total): 47
Hand DOF: 12
AI stack: GraspVLA foundation model + AstraBrain (brain-cerebellum architecture)
Availability: Deployed in 10+ unmanned Beijing pharmacies and Galbot retail stores in 30+ Chinese cities; industrial orders from CATL, Bosch, Toyota, Hyundai
Target markets: retail, logistics, manufacturing
EMEA presence: Industrial orders reported from Bosch (DE); no European retail deployments yet
The strongest proof that wheeled humanoids monetize first: 24/7 unmanned pharmacies with 5,000 SKUs, 95%+ grasp success and 10-hour endurance, scaled to 30+ cities. Valued at $3B as of December 2025.
La meilleure preuve que les humanoïdes à roues se monétisent en premier : pharmacies sans personnel 24 h/24 avec 5 000 références, plus de 95 % de réussite de préhension et 10 heures d'autonomie, déployées dans plus de 30 villes. Valorisé 3 Md$ en décembre 2025.
Robot: Forerunner K2 Bumblebee
Maker: Kepler Robotics (CN)
Category: humanoid-biped
Status: production
First announced: 2024
Height: 175 cm
Weight: 75 kg
Payload: 30 kg
Runtime: 8 h
Degrees of freedom (total): 52
Hand DOF: 11
Compute: 100 TOPS onboard
AI stack: Hybrid architecture (model-based + learned), Tesla-inspired
Price (USD): 30000
Availability: Mass production since September 2025; base price $30,000; deployed at SAIC-GM plant in Shanghai
Target markets: manufacturing, logistics
Industrial humanoid with an aggressive value pitch: $30,000 base price, 8-hour runtime, 15 kg per arm, and Kepler claims the work output of ~1.5 full-time employees. Hands carry 25 force sensors per finger.
Humanoïde industriel au pitch économique agressif : 30 000 $ prix de base, 8 heures d'autonomie, 15 kg par bras, et Kepler revendique l'équivalent d'environ 1,5 employé à temps plein. Chaque doigt embarque 25 capteurs de force.
Robot: 4NE1 (Gen 3)
Maker: Neura Robotics (DE)
Category: humanoid-biped
Status: prototype
First announced: 2023
Height: 180 cm
Weight: 80 kg
Payload: 20 kg
Degrees of freedom (total): 55
Hand DOF: 12
Top speed: 1.39 m/s
Compute: Qualcomm partnership (onboard AI compute)
AI stack: NVIDIA Isaac GR00T; Neuraverse skill ecosystem
Availability: Gen 3 premiered at Automatica 2025; first industrial units expected late 2026; reported list price 98,000 EUR (60,000 EUR at fleet scale)
Target markets: manufacturing, logistics, service
EMEA presence: German maker (Metzingen); flagship of Europe's humanoid robotics push, design by Studio F.A. Porsche
Europe's leading humanoid contender: 55 DOF, touch-sensitive sensor skin, 20 kg arm payload (up to 100 kg leg-supported) and hot-swap batteries for 24/7 duty, engineered entirely in Germany.
Le principal challenger humanoïde européen : 55 degrés de liberté, peau sensitive au toucher, 20 kg de charge aux bras (jusqu'à 100 kg en appui jambes) et batteries échangeables pour un service 24 h/24, entièrement conçu en Allemagne.
Robot: TALOS
Maker: PAL Robotics (ES)
Category: humanoid-biped
Status: research
First announced: 2017
Height: 175 cm
Weight: 95 kg
Payload: 6 kg
Degrees of freedom (total): 32
Top speed: 0.83 m/s
Compute: 2x Intel Core i7 (COM Express Type-6)
AI stack: ROS/ROS2 whole-body torque control; full torque sensing at 2 kHz
Availability: Sold to research institutions since 2017
Target markets: research
EMEA presence: Built in Barcelona; reference platform for Inria, LAAS-CNRS and EU humanoid research projects
Europe's veteran torque-controlled research humanoid: full joint torque sensing and 6 kg payload per arm made it the workhorse of European humanoid labs long before the current wave.
Le vétéran européen de la recherche humanoïde à commande en couple : capteurs de couple dans toutes les articulations et 6 kg par bras en ont fait le cheval de trait des laboratoires européens bien avant la vague actuelle.
Robot: Mirokai
Maker: Enchanted Tools (FR)
Category: humanoid-wheeled
Status: pilot
First announced: 2023
Height: 122 cm
Weight: 26 kg
Payload: 1.5 kg
Runtime: 4 h
Top speed: 0.83 m/s
AI stack: Multi-LLM conversational AI + autonomous navigation; 97% grasp success claimed
Availability: Pilot deployments in French hospitals and hospitality; mass production targeted
Target markets: healthcare, hospitality
EMEA presence: French maker (Paris); deployed at Institut du Cancer de Montpellier, accompanying children to radiotherapy
France's character-driven social robot balancing on a ball: designed for warmth rather than payload, it escorts pediatric cancer patients into radiotherapy rooms where adults cannot go.
Le robot social français qui s'équilibre sur une boule : conçu pour la chaleur relationnelle plutôt que la charge utile, il accompagne les enfants atteints de cancer jusqu'en salle de radiothérapie, là où les adultes ne peuvent pas entrer.
Robot: RB-Y1
Maker: Rainbow Robotics (KR)
Category: humanoid-wheeled
Status: production
First announced: 2024
Height: 140 cm
Weight: 131 kg
Payload: 6 kg
Runtime: 3 h
Degrees of freedom (total): 24
Top speed: 1.5 m/s
AI stack: Open research platform for imitation learning and embodied-AI training
Price (USD): 80000
Availability: Sold since 2024: $80,000 research edition, $120,000 commercial edition (pre-order pricing, VAT excluded)
Target markets: research, manufacturing
EMEA presence: No dedicated EMEA operations; sold internationally to research labs
Korea's first bimanual mobile manipulator and Samsung's entry ticket into humanoids: Samsung Electronics became Rainbow Robotics' largest shareholder, consolidating it as a subsidiary in 2025.
Premier manipulateur mobile bi-bras coréen et ticket d'entrée de Samsung dans les humanoïdes : Samsung Electronics est devenu le premier actionnaire de Rainbow Robotics, consolidée comme filiale en 2025.
Robot: Booster T1
Maker: Booster Robotics (CN)
Category: humanoid-biped
Status: production
First announced: 2024
Height: 118 cm
Weight: 30 kg
Runtime: 2 h
Degrees of freedom (total): 23
Compute: NVIDIA Jetson AGX Orin (200 TOPS) + Intel i7
AI stack: Full API + ROS2; RL locomotion; RoboCup autonomy stack
Availability: On sale to developers and education; retail roughly $30,000-$34,000 depending on configuration; used by 50+ teams worldwide
Target markets: research, education, entertainment
EMEA presence: Distributed in Europe (e.g. Generation Robots, FR); used by European RoboCup and research teams
The RoboCup 2025 AdultSize champion platform: a rugged, fall-recovering 118 cm developer humanoid (23 DOF base, up to 41 with dexterous hands) that became the standard body for embodied-AI competitions.
La plateforme championne RoboCup 2025 en catégorie AdultSize : un humanoïde développeur de 118 cm, robuste et capable de se relever (23 degrés de liberté, jusqu'à 41 avec mains dextres), devenu le corps standard des compétitions d'IA incarnée.
Robot: Calvin-40
Maker: Wandercraft (FR)
Category: humanoid-biped
Status: pilot
First announced: 2025
Height: 170 cm
Weight: 100 kg
AI stack: Contrôle auto-équilibré issu de 12 ans de R&D exosquelettes ; vision par caméras jour/nuit, commande vocale, capteurs de force dans les pieds
Availability: Pilotes sur les lignes Renault ; 350 exemplaires annoncés en mars 2026 pour un déploiement sur 18 mois
Target markets: manufacturing, automotive
EMEA presence: France : usines Renault (pôle ElectriCity), premiers déploiements depuis début 2026
The only French humanoid actually working on automotive lines: built in 40 days on 12 years of self-balancing exoskeleton expertise, backed by a Renault minority stake, with 350 units announced in March 2026 for Renault plants over 18 months.
Le seul humanoïde français réellement à l'oeuvre sur des lignes automobiles : construit en 40 jours sur 12 ans d'expertise d'exosquelettes auto-équilibrés, soutenu par une prise de participation de Renault, avec 350 exemplaires annoncés en mars 2026 pour les usines Renault sur 18 mois.