Reel and video combination machine

Methods, systems, and apparatus are provided for displaying game related information on gaming machines. The gaming machines include two or more game presentation devices such as rotating reels, video display screens, touch screens, etc. One or more of these game presentation devices can be moved into and out of position with respect to other game presentation devices. This may allow, among other things, flexibility in presenting different types of games or different game features within a single game.

BACKGROUND

This invention relates to gaming machines. In particular, the invention relates to gaming machines with layered displays disposed along a common line of sight.

Over the past few years, the experience of players using gaming machines has changed dramatically. For example, the hand pulled lever used to initiate game play is being replaced with a push button located beneath a main display on gaming machines. In addition, cashless gaming machines are becoming prevalent. When a player wins a game played on a cashless machine, he or she can cash out by pushing a button and the machine will print out a cashless ticket or other voucher. Still further, video display screens are now used to present all manner of games on gaming machines including video poker games, keno, etc. However, slot machines still often use mechanical stepper reels.

Video display screens represented an important advance by reducing moving parts in gaming machines, greatly increasing the range of different game types that could be played on gaming machines. By now, however, video display screens have begun to lose their novelty and ability to elicit a “gee whiz” player response. Part of this has to do with just how ubiquitous video display screens have become in all areas of personal and commercial life; they are found at airport kiosks, home computers, appliance readouts, etc.

Further, some players still prefer the look and “feel” of conventional rotating stepper reels in slot machines. Currently deployed gaming machine video displays provide a poor rendition of the three-dimensional look and feel of a “real” mechanical slot machine. As a consequence, casinos and other gaming establishments that rely on video slot machines may lose valuable opportunities to entice all players and potential players.

It should also be noted that current video gaming machines commonly employ multiple display devices to output video data. For example, some conventional gaming machines include an LCD panel disposed in a central part of the gaming machine for presenting a game, while a secondary and smaller LCD panel in a top box of the gaming machine provides bonus game or other information.

Upper and lower, side-by-side, or other separate display screen arrangements require a player to move his or her focus back and forth from one from one screen to another. This may lead to player distraction, which at a minimum reduces opportunities for generating excitement among casino patrons. In a worse case, a player may become frustrated or tired with the gaming machine and simply refuse to use it again.

In view of the above, it would be desirable to have improved modes of presenting information about wins on gaming machines.

SUMMARY

The invention described herein provides methods, systems, and apparatus for displaying games or other information in multiple formats on apparatus such as gaming machines. The information is provided on at least two different display devices such as reels and video displays. The different display devices may be moved into and out of position with respect to one another, and to a player's line of sight, during game play. In some embodiments, the video displays are substantially flat, while the reels are mechanical spinning reels, although they may be video reels formed on a curved display such as a curved video display configured to depict spinning reels.

One aspect of the invention provides apparatus such as a gaming machine that may include the following features: (a) an external cabinet defining an interior region of the gaming machine; (b) a processor configured to execute instructions from memory that permit game play on the gaming machine; (c) one or more reels or a reel display mounted to or within the external cabinet; (d) a video display device positioned in front of and along a common line of sight with respect to the reels or reel display such that a player, while positioned for playing a game on the gaming machine, can view either of both of the video display device and the reels or reel display along the common line of sight; and (e) a mechanism for moving at least one of the video display device and the reels or reel display into and out of position along the common line of sight. It should be understood that the external cabinet is typically adapted to house a plurality of gaming machine components within or about the interior region.

In some embodiments, the gaming machine also includes game presentation logic for execution on the processor to present video information on the video display device pertinent to said game play on the gaming machine. The game presentation logic may also determine whether the video display device or the reels should be active at any given time for presenting game information. Typically, the game presentation logic includes instructions for controlling display of symbols on the reels or reel display.

Because the machine includes reels or a reel display, the game play frequently involves playing a slot game. However, the invention is not limited in this manner. Other types of game play include playing a video card game, baccarat, video pachinko, a lottery, keno, and/or a bingo game.

The one or more reels or the reel display may be mechanically rotatable reels. Alternatively, the reels or the reel display may be a curved surface of a digital or video display device. In certain embodiments, the reels or the reel display include an organic light emitting diode (OLED) device for displaying the symbols. For example, the reels or the reel display may comprise an OLED device on a mechanical reel. In certain embodiments, the reels or the reel display include an electroluminescent display for displaying the symbols. In some gaming machines of this invention, the apparatus includes a projection-type display device configured to cast an image of reel symbols onto the reels or the reel display.

In certain embodiments, a video reel display and the video display device are configured to cooperate in displaying three-dimensional visual output that has an actual three-dimensional depth along the common line of sight. In certain embodiments, the one or more reels or the reel display comprises a multilayer display. In some cases, the video display device comprises a non-transparent liquid crystal display. Another feature that may be included in apparatus is a touch screen proximately located along the common line of sight and positioned to allow a player to select game options by touching regions on the video display device along the common line of sight.

In various embodiments, the mechanism for moving includes a motor drive for moving the video display device into and out of the common line of sight. In addition or alternatively, the mechanism for moving includes a motor drive for moving the reels or reel display into and out of the common line of sight.

Certain aspects of the invention pertain to systems having one or more gaming machines as described above incorporated on a network.

Another aspect of the invention pertains to methods of presenting a game on a gaming machine. Such methods may be characterized by the following operations: (a) determining that an aspect of a game is to be displayed on either (i) one or more reels or a reel display mounted to or within a cabinet of gaming machine or (ii) a video display device positioned in front of and along a common line of sight with respect to the reels or reel display; (b) moving at least one of the video display device and the reels or reel display into and out of position along the common line of sight depending upon which one is to determined to display the aspect of the game; and (c) executing instructions that permit game play on the gaming machine. In certain embodiments, the gaming machine employed in such methods contains one or more of the features described above. For example, the gaming machine may include game presentation logic and a processor to present video information on the video display device pertinent to said game play on the gaming machine. In addition, the gaming machine may include a mechanism for moving at least one of the video display device and the reels or reel display into and out of position along the common line of sight.

In certain embodiments, determining that an aspect of a game is to be displayed involves determining which of two different types of game is to be displayed. Based on this, the gaming machine determines whether to move (i) the at least one video display device or (ii) the reels or reel display. For example, the reels or reel display may be moved into position along the common line of sight when a slot game type is selected.

These and other features and advantages of the invention will be described in more detail below with reference to associated drawings.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

The present invention includes a gaming machine with multiple display devices arranged in a common line of sight relative to a person near the gaming machine. Multiple display devices disposed along a common line of sight are also referred to herein as ‘layered’ displays. One or more of the layered display devices proximate to the person are completely or partially transparent or translucent so as to permit view of the distal display devices.

The distal display may include a curved display device, such as a curved OLED or a projection system that casts an image onto a curved surface. These curved display devices are suitable for mimicking a conventional mechanical reel game, but allow the digital and external control of reel games on the curved digital display. Glass LCDs may be curved and are also suitable for use.

This multi-layer display device arrangement improves visual output for a gaming machine. As will be described below, display device arrangements described herein permit better graphics for a game played on a gaming machine, more games to be played on a single gaming machine, and/or dynamic reconfiguration of a gaming machine to offer multiple games that traditionally required manual and mechanical reconfiguration of a gaming machine, e.g., to change the number of reels for new reel game that requires five reels instead of three.

In one embodiment, all three display devices are digital and permit reconfiguration in real time. This permits new or different games to be downloaded onto a gaming machine, and reconfiguration of the three display devices to present a new or different game using any combination of the three display devices. For a casino, or other gaming establishment, this permits a single gaming machine to offer multiple games without the need for gaming machine maintenance or replacement when a new game is desired by casino management or customer demand.

Controlling transparency of the outer one or two display devices also provides novel game presentation versatility on a single gaming machine. In one embodiment, the intermediate display device acts as a light valve that controls whether the interior display device is visible, or what portions of the interior display device are visible. For example, window portions of the intermediate light valve may be left transparent to permit viewing of a select number video reels disposed on a curved OLED display device arranged behind the light valve. Since the number (and size) of video reels on the curved OLED display device may be digitally changed, e.g., from 3 video reels to 5 to 7 etc., controlling opacity of the intermediate light valve permits the gaming machine to visually offer multiple reel games with a different number of reels on a single gaming machine—without maintenance resources and casino downtime to change mechanical reels.

In another embodiment, the intermediate light valve completely blocks out the interior display device, where the outermost display device is now solely visible and used for game presentation. The gaming machine now resembles a conventional gaming machine that only includes a single and outer LCD panel. The gaming machine may then respond to digital controls to switch between a reel game, a multi-layer/multi-display game, and a simple one-panel LCD game. Other uses of the layered displays are possible and contemplated.

Player participation on a gaming machine increases with entertainment. Improved visual output provided by the present invention enables more entertaining forms of interaction between a player and gaming machine, and thus improves player participation and patronage for a casino or gaming establishment that includes a gaming machine of the present invention.

For example, the common line of sight and layered displays improve presentation of three-dimensional (3D) graphics. A gaming machine may use a combination of virtual 3D graphics on any one of the display devices—in addition to 3D graphics obtained using the different depths of the layered display devices. Virtual 3D graphics on a single screen typically involve shading, highlighting and perspective techniques that selectively position graphics in an image to create the perception of depth. These virtual 3D image techniques cause the human eye to perceive depth in an image even though there is no real depth (the images are physically displayed on a single display screen, which is relatively thin). Also, a predetermined distance (between display screens for the layered display devices) facilitates the creation of graphics having real depth between the layered display devices. 3D presentation of graphic components may then use a combination of: a) virtual 3D graphics techniques on one or more of the multiple screens and/or b) the depths between the layered display devices. Further description of 3D graphics presentation is provided below.

Although the following examples describe display systems that include layered display devices for a primary display located centrally in a gaming machine, those of skill in the art will recognize that display systems described herein are applicable towards other areas of a gaming machine, such as a top glass or a belly glass.

As the term is used herein, a display device refers to any device configured to adaptively output a visual image to a person in response to a control signal. In one embodiment, the display device includes a screen of a finite thickness, also referred to herein as a display screen. For example, LCD display devices often include a flat panel that includes a series of layers, one of which includes a layer of pixilated light transmission elements for selectively filtering red, green and blue data from a white light source. Numerous exemplary display devices are described below.

The display device is adapted to receive signals from a processor or controller included in the gaming machine and to generate and display graphics and images to a person near the gaming machine. The format of the signal will depend on the device. In one embodiment, all the display devices in a layered arrangement respond to digital signals. For example, the red, green and blue pixilated light transmission elements for an LCD device typically respond to digital control signals to generate colored light, as desired.

In one embodiment, the gaming machine includes two display devices, including a first, foremost or exterior display device and a second, underlying or interior display device. For example, the exterior display device may include a transparent LCD panel while the interior display device includes a digital display device with a curved surface.

In another embodiment, the gaming machine includes three display devices, including a first, foremost or exterior display device, a second or intermediate display device, and a third, underlying or interior display device. The display devices are mounted, oriented and aligned within the gaming machine such that at least one—and potentially numerous—common lines of sight intersect portions of a display surface or screen for each display device. Several exemplary display device systems and arrangements that each include multiple display devices along a common line of sight will now be discussed.

Layered display devices may be described according to their position along a common line of sight relative to a viewer. As the terms are used herein, ‘proximate’ refers to a display device that is closer to a person, along a common line of sight (such as20inFIG. 1A), than another display device. Conversely, ‘distal’ refers to a display device that is farther from a person, along the common line of sight, than another.

Referring now toFIGS. 1A and 7, a gaming machine10of one embodiment of the present invention includes a cabinet or housing12that houses exterior display device18a, intermediate display device18b, interior display device18c, touchscreen16, and a processor132(FIG. 7) that communicates with a memory device134and with each of the display devices18and touchscreen16. The processor132controls the operation of components in gaming machine10to present one or more games, receive player inputs using the touchscreen16, and control other gaming interactions between the gaming machine and a person21.

Under the control of processor132, display devices18generate visual information for person21. As shown inFIG. 1A, there are three layered display devices18: a first, exterior or frontmost display device18a, a second or intermediate display device18b, and a third, interior, or backmost display screen18c. The display devices18a,18band18care mounted and oriented within the cabinet12in such a manner that a straight and common line of sight20intersects the display screens of all three display devices18a,18band18c. In addition, display devices18a,18band18care all relatively flat and aligned about in parallel to provide a plurality of common lines of sight that intersect screens for all three.

The gaming machine may also include one or more light sources. In one embodiment, display devices18include LCD panels and at least one light source that provides light, such as white light, to the pixilated filter elements on each LCD panel. For example, a back lighting source (not shown) may be positioned behind display device18c. The pixilated panel for each parallel display device18a,18band18cthen filters white light from the backmost backlight to controllably output color images on each screen.

Other light sources may be used to illuminate a reflective or transmissive light filter. For example, each display device18may be individually illuminated using a white light source attached near the sides of each pixelating panel; the side light source may include a mini-fluorescence source and light guide that transmits light from the side light source, down the flat panel, and to all the pixilated filter elements in the planar LCD panel for pixilated image production. Other suitable light sources may include cold cathode fluorescent light sources (CCFLs) and/or light emitting diodes, for example.

In another embodiment, a distal and emissive display device is arranged behind a proximate and non-emissive display device, and provides light to the proximate display device, which then filters the light to create an image. For example, a flat OLED or plasma display device18cmay be used to a) produce an image and b) to emit light that is filtered by LCD panels18aand18b. In this case, the distal and emissive display device emits at least some white light. For example, video output of one or more reels may include significant white light that is also used to illuminate one or more LCD panels for pixilated filtering. In another embodiment, the proximate LCD panels use reflective light where the light comes from in front of the gaming machine, e.g., from the ambient room. As one of skill in the art will appreciate, more light is needed as the number of reflective or non-emissive light filter-type display device increases, e.g., from 1 to 2 pixelated LCD panels18aand18b.

The proximate display devices18aand18beach have the capacity to be partially or completely transparent or translucent. In a specific embodiment, the relatively flat and thin display devices18aand18bare liquid crystal display devices (LCDs). Other display technologies are also suitable for use. Various companies have developed relatively flat display devices that have the capacity to be transparent or translucent. One such company is Uni-Pixel Displays, Inc., Inc. of Houston Tex., which sells display screens that employ time multiplex optical shutter (TMOS) technology. This TMOS display technology includes: (a) selectively controlled pixels that shutter light out of a light guidance substrate by violating the light guidance conditions of the substrate and (b) a system for repeatedly causing such violation in a time multiplex fashion. The display screens that embody TMOS technology are inherently transparent and they can be switched to display colors in any pixel area. A transparent OLED may also be used. An electroluminescent display is also suitable for use with proximate display devices18aand18b. Also, Planar Systems Inc. of Beaverton Oreg. and Samsung of Korea, both produce several display devices that are suitable for use herein and that can be translucent or transparent. Kent Displays Inc. of Kent Ohio also produces Cholesteric LCD display devices that operate as a light valve and/or a monochrome LCD panel.

FIG. 1Bshows a display device arrangement suitable for use with a gaming machine in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention. In this arrangement, a touchscreen16is arranged in front of an exterior LCD panel18a, an intermediate light valve18eand a display device18dwith a curved surface. A common line of sight20passes through all four layered devices.

Light valve18eselectively permits light to pass therethrough in response to a control signal. Various devices may be utilized for the light valve18e, including, but not limited to, suspended particle devices (SPD), Cholesteric LCD devices, electrochromic devices, polymer dispersed liquid crystal (PDLC) devices, etc. Light valve18eswitches between being transparent, and being opaque (or translucent), depending on a received control signal. For example, SPDs and PDLC devices become transparent when applied with a current and become opaque or translucent when little or no current is applied. On the other hand, electrochromic devices become opaque when applied with a current, and transparent when little or no current is applied. Additionally, light valve18emay attain varying levels of translucency and opaqueness. For example, while a PDLC device is generally either transparent or opaque, suspended particle devices and electrochromic devices allow for varying degrees of transparency, opaqueness or translucency, depending on the applied current level. Further description of a light valve suitable for use herein is described in commonly owned and co-pending patent application Ser. No. 10/755,657 and entitled “METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR USING A LIGHT VALVE TO REDUCE THE VISIBILITY OF AN OBJECT WITHIN A GAMING APPARATUS”, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety for all purposes.

In one embodiment, the gaming machine includes a touchscreen16disposed outside the exterior display device18a. Touchscreen16detects and senses pressure, and in some cases varying degrees of pressure, applied by a person to the touchscreen16. Touchscreen16may include a capacitive, resistive, acoustic or other pressure sensitive technology. Electrical communication between touchscreen16and the gaming machine processor enable the processor to detect a player pressing on an area of the display screen (and, for some touchscreens, how hard a player is pushing on a particular area of the display screen). Using one or more programs stored within memory of the gaming machine, the processor enables a player to activate game elements or functions by applying pressure to certain portions of touchscreen16. Several vendors known to those of skill in the art produce a touchscreen suitable for use with a gaming machine.

As the term is used herein, a common line of sight refers to a straight line that intersects a portion of each display device. The line of sight is a geometric construct used herein for describing a spatial arrangement of display devices and need not be an actual line of some sort in the gaming machine. If all the proximate display devices are transparent along the line of sight, then a person should be able see all the display devices along the line of sight. Multiple lines of sight may also be present in many instances. As illustrated inFIG. 1B, one suitable arrangement includes screens for two display devices18aand18dthat are intersectable by a common line of sight20.

Rear display device18dincludes a digital display device with a curved surface that shows video data. A digital display device refers to a display device that is configured to receive and respond to a digital communication, e.g., from a processor or video card. Thus, OLED, LCD and projection type (LCD or DMD) devices are all examples of suitable digital display devices. E Ink Corporation of Cambridge Mass. produces electronic ink displays that are suitable for use in rear display device18d. Microscale container display devices, such as those produced SiPix of Fremont Calif., are also suitable for use in rear display device18d. Several other suitable digital display devices are provided below.

One suitable curved digital display device includes a projector that casts an image onto a curved surface. Suitable projectors include LCD-type and DMD-type projectors, as available from a wide variety of vendors known to those of skill in the art. In this case, the curved surface includes a white screen or translucent material, such as plastic, curved to desired dimensions. In a specific embodiment, the curvature substantially resembles the curvature of traditional mechanical reels used in a slot machine. Another suitable curved digital display device includes a flexible organic light emitting diode (OLED). Many flexible OLEDs are conformable and may be bent over a shape to take the shape of an mechanical support such as an underlying structure or frame. Some flexible OLEDs are thin and resemble paper; these flexible OLEDs are usually flexible but not foldable. A third form of flexible OLED is rollable and has a shape memory. Any of the theses flexible OLEDs types are suitable for use herein. Typically, the flexible OLED is bent over and attached to a curved sub-structure or stationary framework that provides structural support and maintains a desired curvature. Other digital display devices with curved surfaces are suitable for use and include a front projection display, or a rear projection display, LCD glass, transparent OLED, and fOLED.

In a specific embodiment, a flexible OLED changes shape over time. For example, one or more actuators may move points of the flexible OLED to mechanically deform the display and achieve a desired shape. This may be done to change a curved and flexible OLED to a convex shape, serpentine shapes, a curvature similar to a reel, a flat curvature, etc. These shape changes may occur in real time.

In one embodiment, all the layered displays are configured (spatially and using video provided to each display device) to resemble a traditional mechanical slot machine. In this case, curvature of the curved surface for interior display device18dsubstantially resembles the curvature of a traditional mechanical reel. While traditional mechanical reels come in a variety of diameters and widths that the curved surface of display device18dmay mimic in diameter, width, and/or curvature, traditional mechanical reels were typically circular and the curvature was relatively constant. To resemble a traditional mechanical slot machine then, the curved surface of interior display device18dmay then include a circular surface of a suitable diameter.

In a specific embodiment, the interior display device18dincludes a flexible OLED that is bent to resemble mechanical slot reels. The curved surface is then produced by the final shape of the bent and flexible OLED, which may be fixed to a cylinder or support of a desired diameter to preserve the curved shape. The curved OLED then outputs ‘virtual slot reels’, or video information resembling slot reels.

The curved digital display device permits remote and digital reconfiguration of video output by display device18d. For example, display device18dand its curved surface is well suited to display video reel games that mimic mechanical reels that were used in older slot machines (and are still popular in the gaming industry). The digital nature of display device18d, however, permits the reel game to be changed as games are downloaded to the gaming machine. For example, the symbols on the reels may be changed to present a new reel game. Thus, new symbols or a different number of symbols may be used in the new game. Alternatively, the number of reels may be changed. Display device18dmay output color video or black and white video, depending on the game or display device technology used.

Referring to either arrangement ofFIG. 1Aor1B, the portions of proximate display devices18aand18balong line of sight20are significantly transparent or translucent. Pixilated element panels on many non-emissive displays such as LCD panels are largely invisible to a viewer. More specifically, many display technologies, such as electroluminescent displays and LCD panels, include portions that are transparent when no video images are displayed thereon. For example, an electroluminescent display may utilize non-organic phosphors that are both transparent and emissive (such as a tOLED), and addressed through transparent row and column drivers. Pixilated element panels on LCD panels are also available in significantly transparent or translucent designs that permit a person to see through the pixilated panels when not locally displaying an image.

Portions of touchscreen16and light valve18eare also translucent or transparent, or alternatively have the capacity to be translucent or transparent in response to control signals from a processor included in the gaming machine. When portions (or all) of the screens for touchscreen16, display devices18aand18b, and light valve18eare transparent or translucent, a player can simultaneously see images displayed on the display screen18aand18b—as well as the images displayed on the interior display devices18cor18d—by looking through the transparent portions of proximate display devices.

Accordingly, the present invention can display co-acting or overlapping images to a person (seeFIGS. 2-5). For example, front display devices18aor18bmay display paylines that illuminate winning combinations reels disposed on display devices18cor18d. In addition, the layered display devices may also provide 3D images that include a combination of virtual 3D graphics on images on each screen and 3D output between the layered display devices.

In one embodiment, exterior display device18aincludes central portions that are transparent to permit viewing of the virtual slot reels that are shown on the curved surface of display device18d, while peripheral portions of the exterior display device18ashow a pay table or other game relevant information, such as whether a bonus game or progressive game is available. Intermediate display device18emay include a light valve or light pipe with transparent windows that permit viewing of the virtual slot reels on the curved OLED. Alternatively, the intermediate display device may include a transparent LCD18bthat has a) transparent windows to permit viewing of the virtual slot wheels and b) other information such as a bonus game. In any of these configurations, a person can simultaneously view graphical representation of all the images: the interior virtual reels, the intermediate bonus game, and the external pay table.

The present invention also permits a casino or gaming establishment to change video on each of the layered display devices, and their transparency, without physically altering the gaming machine or requiring maintenance. Thus, the number of virtual slot reels on the curved OLED may be changed from 3 to 5 to 9 or some other number, while the intermediate and exterior display devices change the position of their transparent windows for viewing of the different number of virtual slot reels. Also, a pay table shown on display device18amay be changed at will, in addition to changing weather a bonus or progressive game is shown on the intermediate display device.

FIG. 1Cis an exploded perspective view of a display device arrangement70in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention. Arrangement70includes a front video display device90, rear curved display device92, light valve93and backlight91arranged along a common line of sight89.

Front video display device90includes a flat display screen incorporating flat-panel display technology. This may include a liquid crystal display (LCD), a transparent light emitting diode (LED) display, an electroluminescent display (ELD), and a microelectromechanical device (MEM) display, such as a digital micromirror device (DMD) display or a grating light valve (GLV) display, etc. A display screen of the front video display device90may further include organic display technologies such as an organic electroluminescent (OEL) display and an organic light emitting diode (OLED) display, as well as a light emitting polymer display. In addition, the front video display device90may include a touch-sensitive display that facilitates user input and interaction between a person and gaming machine.

In many of above examples, display device90incorporates emissive display technology. That is, the display screen, such as an electroluminescent display, is capable of emitting light and is self-illuminating. However, some display device technologies, such as an LCD, are not emissive. In other words, a non-emissive display generally does not emit light or emits only low amounts of light, and is not self-illuminating. In the case of non-emissive displays for the front video display device90, display system70may include a backlight91to provide luminescence to video images displayed on the front video display device90. As mentioned above, many display devices suitable for use as front video display device90are significantly transparent when portions of the display include no images are provided on those portions.

Rear display device92includes a digital display device with a curved surface. In this case, rear display unit92includes a curved OLED device on a stationary cylindrical support. As shown, rear display device92includes video output that resembles multiple mechanical reels. The video output may be presented such that the video reels appear rotatable and that each includes a plurality of reel images disposed on each reel. Each video reel may also include illumination that resembles a light element used in traditional mechanical reels to illuminate the reel images or other portions of the mechanical reel.

A light valve93is disposed between front video display device90and rear display device92, and may include a light valve as described above with respect to light valve18e.

In operation, when the light valve93is opaque, or substantially opaque, a player's view of the rear display device92is obscured or obstructed. The light valve93may also be translucent and provide varying degrees of visibility of the rear display device92through the opening, thereby varying the visibility of the rear display device92(e.g., gradually “dimming” or “brightening” the visibility of the rear display device92). Varying the translucency of light valve93causes visibility of rear display device92to range from allowing the player to view and recognize images on rear display device92to merely allowing light and color through without being able to distinguish the images.

Front video display device90may include one or more openings that allow a player to view the rear display device92when the light valve93is transparent or substantially transparent. In this case, front video display device90includes a single opening94that is aligned with the location of video reels output on rear display device92. Likewise, if provided with a backlight91, the backlight91includes one or more openings95that coincide with opening94of the front video display unit90. The openings94,95allow a player to see at least a portion of the rear display unit92when the light valve93is transparent. Rear display unit92may also be visible when the light valve93is translucent, though this may depend on the degree to which the light valve93is translucent. Front video display unit90may include additional openings96,97,98and99to view additional information displayed on rear display unit92. For example, one or more of the reel images may be viewable by a player through central openings94and95, whereas additional display units, such as static displays or video displays, may be included as part of the rear display unit92and visible to the player through the openings96,97,98and99. Corresponding openings (not shown) may be provided in the backlight91to match openings96,97,98and99.

Openings94,96,97,98and99in front video display device90may be provided as physical openings in the front video display device90. Physical openings may be formed by forming openings in the display screen material and connecting the resulting edges to appropriate video control lines for row and column addressing to display video images on the remaining display screen. Physical openings may also be formed by using multiple smaller, interconnected display screens for front video display device90, which are arranged to leave spacing between the display screens to form the openings. Alternatively, the openings94,96,97,98and99may be provided as virtual openings. For example, if front video display device90includes a transparent display screen, such as an electroluminescent display, front video display device90may appear transparent when a video image is not displayed. By selectively preventing images from being displayed on certain portions of front video display device90using row and column addressing, virtual openings may be formed that allow a player to see through the front video display unit90. If front video display device90includes an LCD, or other non-emissive display, with a backlight91, physical openings may also be formed in the backlight91causing any image on the LCD in front of the openings95to be virtually invisible to the player without lighting from the rear.

If light valve93is transparent, a person may see through the virtual openings of display device90to view an image on rear display device92. Video images may also be displayed on portions of front video display device90that do not correspond to openings94,96,97,98or99, whether physical or virtual. However, if openings94,96,97,98and99are provided as virtual openings, video images may be displayed on the portions of front video display device90corresponding to the virtual openings. The video images may be displayed on the virtual openings when light valve93is opaque (or translucent). Video images may also be displayed on the virtual openings when the light valve is transparent, thereby superimposing the video images on an image displayed on the rear display unit92.

Display screens for any of the display devices described above may have any suitable shape, such as flat, relatively flat, concave, convex, and non-uniform shapes. In one embodiment, the display devices are all relatively flat display screens. LCD panels for example typically include a relatively flat display screen. OLED display devices may also include a relatively flat display surface. Alternatively, an OLED display device may include a non-uniform and custom shape such as a curved surface, e.g., a convex or concave surface. Such a curved convex surface is particularly well suited to provide video information that resembles a mechanical reel. The OLED display device differs from a traditional mechanical reel in that the OLED display device permits the number of reels or symbols on each reel to be digitally changed and reconfigured, as desired, without mechanically disassembling a gaming machine.

Relative arrangement of the display devices may vary with shape of the respective display screens. In a specific embodiment, the multiple display devices include more than one relatively flat screen surface and the flat screens are positioned in planes that are about parallel to one another. For instance, two layered display devices may include LCD panels arranged in parallel with a light source disposed behind the interior LCD panel (for backlighting) or at the sides of each LCD panel. Alternatively, the external display device may include a transparent LCD panel while the back most display device includes a cathode ray tube (CRT) or other light source such as a plasma screen, where the screens for each device are approximately arranged in parallel. The display screens may be positioned in planes that are not parallel to one another, provided that at least one (and possibly multiple) line of sight commonly intersects portions of display surfaces for each display devices. For example, screens for display devices18aand18bofFIG. 1Aare positioned in about parallel planes.

In one embodiment, a predetermined distance “D” separates the display screens for the multiple display devices. As shown inFIGS. 1A and 1B, a predetermined distance, D, separates screens for the proximate display devices and represents the distance from the display surface of display device18ato display surface of display device18b(FIG. 1A) or display device18e(FIG. 1B). This distance can be any distance as desired by a gaming machine manufacturer. It should be appreciated that in one embodiment, the display screens can be positioned adjacent to each other such that only the thickness of the display screens separates the display surfaces. In this case, the distance D depends on the thickness of the exterior display screen.

The multiple display devices may each generate their own graphics and images, or cooperate to provide coordinated visual output. For example, a game that includes a wooded environment with trees may include trees on the first and foremost display device18a, trees on the intermediate display device18b, and trees on the interior display device18cofFIG. 1A. Objects and graphics in this game may then appear on any three of the display devices, where the opaque trees on the proximate screen(s) block the view objects on the distal screen(s), depending on the position of the viewer relative to the screens. This provides actual perspective between the graphics objects, which represents a real-life component of 3D visualization (and not just perspective virtually created on a single screen).

Although the present invention has shown three exemplary display device arrangements so far, other arrangements are suitable for use. One embodiment includes an exterior transparent LCD panel, an intermediate LCD panel or light valve, and an internal OLED device. Another embodiment includes an exterior touchscreen over an exterior transparent LCD panel, an intermediate LCD panel, and an internal curved OLED device. In general, the present invention may include any combination of the digital display devices mentioned above and arranged in a common line of sight.

A gaming machine uses the layered display devices to show visual information on the different screens that a player can simultaneously see. Various game presentations and uses of the layered display devices will now be discussed.

In a specific example, the gaming machine generates a game image on an interior display device and a flashing translucent image on a proximate display device. The game could for example, be reels or one or more wheels, and a flashing image on the proximate display could be a translucent line that indicates the payline(s) on the reels. Since some games permit multiple paylines based on the person's wager, this permits the game to show multiple paylines responsive to the person's actions. Alternatively, the proximate display may show a symbol or message that provides a player with helpful information such as a hint for playing the game. Notably, each of these examples allows the person to play the game while viewing the flashing image without having to change his or her line of sight or having to independently find such information from another portion of the gaming machine.

FIGS. 2A and 2Billustrates one game example where curved display device18doutputs a video reel image142ain accordance with a specific embodiment of the present invention. The exterior display device18adisplays a paytable image146and paylines144. When the exterior display device18aand the interior display device18dpresent their images simultaneously, the player views the overall graphical representation or display, through the frontmost display device18a, as illustrated inFIG. 2B. In this example, the paylines are actually in front of the reels and the paytable is above the reels.

In another example, exterior display device18adisplays an advertisement image in place of the paytable image146. The advertisement image may include the casino that controls the gaming machine, a business such as a restaurant that has paid the casino for the advertising space, etc. This enables a player to simultaneously view the reel image142b, the payline image144and the advertising without having to change his or her line of sight.

FIG. 3is an exemplary display300that may be shown on the display system70ofFIG. 1Cduring performance of a slots routine using reels display on the curved display device92, in accordance with another specific embodiment of the present invention. Referring toFIG. 3, light valve93has been deactivated to allow images on rear display device92to be visible. A player is able to view portions of the video reels through the openings94in the front video display device90. Additional graphics may also be displayed by the rear display device92and viewed through the various openings in the front video display unit90. For example, a name of the game routine being played may be viewed through opening96, a current bet may be viewed through opening97, a number of remaining credits may be viewed in opening98, and a minimum bet may be displayed in opening99. Additional graphics relating to the game routine may be displayed on the front video display device90. For example, the front video display device90may include video images of a plurality of player selectable buttons to allow the player to control the play of the slots game. The buttons may include a “See Pays” button302, a “Cash Out” button304, a “Spin” button306, and a “Max Bet” button308. Player information may also be generated as a video image310on the front video display device90. The player information video image310may include the player's name, the player's winnings, the player's profile, the player's wagers, the player's favorite games, etc. If provided as virtual openings, additional graphics (not shown) may be generated on the portions of the front video display device90corresponding to one or more of the openings94,96,97,98,99and superimposed over images on the rear display device92that are viewed through the openings94,96,97,98,99.

FIG. 4shows exemplary video output320shown on display system70ofFIG. 1Cwhen light valve93has been activated to obscure the images on rear display device92. As seen inFIG. 4, a player viewing the video display system70is unable to see the rear display device92through the various openings94,96,97,98,99in the front video display unit90.

The video output320as shown inFIG. 4may relate to a display shown during an attraction sequence. Attraction graphics may be generated on the front video display device90, which may include a video image322of a scrolling list of games that may be played on a gaming machine, and a video image324of instructions for initiating a new game. Although not shown, images or games other than spinning reels may be generated on the openings94,96,97,98,99if provided as virtual openings.

These examples illustrate the capability of a gaming machine of the present invention to enable a player to view different types of information and different types of images by looking at and through an exterior display screen. In some cases, the images displayed on the different display screens are positioned such that the images do not overlap (that is, the images are not superimposed). In other instances, the images overlap. It should also be appreciated that the images displayed on the display screen can fade-in fade out or pulsate to create additional affects.

In one embodiment, the gaming machine presents different game types on the layered display devices. For example, the interior and backmost display device may output a main game while a proximate display device shows a bonus game or progressive game. The bonus game or progressive game may result from playing the main game. Again, this permits the player to play the game while viewing a flashing bonus image without having to change his or her line of sight or having to independently find such information from another portion of the gaming machine.

Visual information on each of the distal screens remains visible as long as there are transparent or semi-transparent portions on the proximate screens that permit a user to see through these portions. Transparent portions may be selectively designed and timely activated according to game design, and changed according to game play. For example, if a game designer wants a person to focus on a bonus game on the front screen, they can use an intermediate light valve to black out the distal reel game on the interior curved OLED device.

In one embodiment, the gaming machine permits digital reconfiguration, which allows a single gaming machine to offer different games at different times. The games may be downloaded to the gaming machine via a network connection, or stored in memory for the gaming machine.

The present invention also permits display device reconfiguration. On one day, the gaming machine may offer games using all the layered display devices. The next day, the same gaming machine may offer a game that only uses an outer LCD panel and touchscreen, where a shutter (or other technology on front display) blocks out the back display devices. Some other subset of the layered displays may also be used. This permits dual-dynamic display device reconfiguration and/or game reconfiguration, at will, by downloading commands to the gaming machine that determine a) what game(s) is played, and b) what display device(s) is used. For example, this allows the same gaming machine to run a reel game one day and a video poker game another day that uses some subset of the display devices.

This reconfiguration of display devices used and games also enables new uses for gaming machines. Traditionally, a casino or other gaming establishment purchased a gaming machine and offered games only according to its display capabilities. If a casino purchased 250 gaming machines that only had LCD panels, and then later decided they wanted to implement reel games or other games that required more than an LCD panel, they were forced to purchase new gaming machines. The present invention, however, solves this problem for a casino. Accordingly, gaming machines as described herein permit a gaming establishment to a) switch games, at will, to any games offered by the multiple display devices, and b) switch display devices, again, at will.

One business advantage of this dual-dynamic display device reconfiguration and/or game reconfiguration is navigating gaming regulations imposed by different jurisdictions, which often change over time. First, each jurisdiction imposes its own set of rules on what games are locally permissible. Second, gaming regulators in each jurisdiction often change the local rules. This is particularly common for new gaming regulators and jurisdictions allowing casinos for the first time. The new gaming regulators may only permit class 2 games at first (e.g., video poker on an LCD panel) and later permit class 3 games (bingo and reel games, one year later). The present invention allows a new casino in this jurisdiction to adapt, instantly, to a regulations change with a) new games and b) new display device arrangements that were already on the gaming machine but not previously used. Thus, when some jurisdictions limit the number and types of games that can be played, the present invention allows a casino to switch games—on the fly without significant gaming machine maintenance or downtime in the casino—when jurisdiction rules change.

The present invention contemplates numerous combinations of video and co-acting images on the multiple display devices. For example, the present invention may include any combination of the options listed below for: a) an exterior display device, b) an intermediate display device and/or light filter, and c) the interior display device.

a) Video information output by the exterior display device may include: a primary, secondary or bonus game; a primary, secondary or tertiary part of a video game presented in conjunction with the other display devices; advertising information; a pay table; information regarding a primary, secondary or bonus game such as instructions, hints and directions; television, movie or other entertainment video; textual, graphic, or other information such as the name of the casino; etc. The exterior display device may also act as a filter to selectively block a person's view of any distal display devices, or portions thereof.

b) Video information output by the intermediate display device may include: a primary, secondary or bonus game; a primary, secondary or tertiary part of a video game presented in conjunction with the other display devices; advertising information; a pay table; information regarding a primary, secondary or bonus game such as instructions, hints and directions; television, movie or other entertainment video; textual, graphic, or other information such as the name of the casino; etc. The intermediate display device may also act as a filter to selectively block a person's view of the interior display device, or portions thereof.

c) Video information output by the distal display device may include: a primary, secondary or bonus game; a primary, secondary or tertiary part of a video game presented in conjunction with the other display devices; advertising information; a pay table; information regarding a primary, secondary or bonus game such as instructions, hints and directions; television, movie or other entertainment video; textual, graphic, or other information such as the name of the casino; etc.

An intermediate shutter may also be used for blackout purposes. In this case, the shutter turns black and blocks view of the interior display device when the gaming machine experiences some disturbance. For example, it is often desirable to blackout the interior display device during safety, power-outage and tilt situations, or during any other condition where game results may be questioned. Maintenance miscues may also lead to gaming machine disturbances, e.g., maintenance personnel left the door open. This provides a method for protecting the integrity of game results on the interior display device, such as a reel game, by ensuring that games are only viewable to a player when the gaming machine is operating correctly.

As mentioned above, the present invention improves 3D graphics presentation for a gaming machine. Layered display devices of the present invention permit both virtual 3D graphics (created within a single screen) and actual 3D graphics (created between screens). More specifically, each screen permits 3D graphics rendering on that screen to create virtual effects of perceived depth. Also, each display device provides a viewing surface or face—with a different depth along the common line of sight relative to a viewer—for displaying one or more 3D graphics (partial or hole) to the viewer.

Characterization of 3D graphics may vary. The 3D presentation may include actual three-dimensional space characterizations, such as x, y and z coordinates. In one embodiment, the z-dimension refers to the depth or distance that separates screens for the multiple display devices. In a specific embodiment, the z-dimension is measured along the common line of sight between multiple display devices. Images created on the multiple displays may thus have an actual and physical depth dimension. For 3D graphics rendering, this permits graphics with a width, height and (virtual and/or actual) depth. In a specific embodiment, width and height of graphics are measured along an x-axis and y-axis of screen surfaces for each of the display devices. Depth may then be measured along a z-axis that passes through a portion of each of the multiple screens along a common line of sight. In some cases, one or more of the screens are relatively flat, and this z-axis passes relatively perpendicular to each of the screens.

A visual presentation typically includes multiple graphics components. The layered display devices may cooperate to provide 3D visual presentation by each displaying their own 3D graphics components or parts. For example, the multiple display devices may cooperate to display a 3D image by separately displaying different parts of the whole image on each of the display screens. In this case, a proximate display device shows one portion of the 3D image, while a distal or underlying display device shows another portion of the 3D image. As result, the gaming machine shows a 3D representation that is formed in three physical or actual dimensions: an x and y of the proximate display screen, an x and y of the distal display screen, and a depth, D, or z dimension of the image that is at least partially dependent on the distance between the two display devices. A third display device may be used to add another set of x and y dimensions and another depth, D, along the z dimension.

In one embodiment, each of the display devices shows virtual 3D images, and controls the perception of depth in each screen. This permits collective 3D images provided by the multiple display devices to cause a player to perceive a depth that is based or derived from a combination of virtual depth and the actual depth, D. For example, a gaming machine processor may use or multiply the actual depth, D, by a factor to generate a perceived depth in rendered 3D images for each of the screens that cooperates with the actual depth, D. This permits a game designer to change the perceived depth of the entire 3D image by manipulating the virtual depth to thereby modify the perceived combination of virtual and actual depths.

FIGS. 5A and 5Bshow exemplary video data output on the display devices18and gaming machine10ofFIG. 1A. Again, gaming machine10ofFIG. 1Aincludes an exterior or frontmost display device18a, a middle or intermediate display device18b, and an interior or backmost display device18c. The frontmost display device18adisplays a virtual 3D first reel image132on a portion of its display screen134. All other portions133of screen134are translucent or transparent. The intermediate display device18bshows a virtual three dimensional reel image135on one portion of its display screen136, while all other portions137of screen136are translucent or transparent. The third display device18cdisplays a virtual 3D reel image138and a background image139covering the portions of its screen131outside reel image138. These three display screens134,137and131simultaneously display each respective image to enable a player to see an overall 3D image, as illustrated in theFIG. 5B(illustrated in two dimensions, that is), of all three reels in a 3D format by looking through the first display screen134.

FIGS. 5C and 5Dshow exemplary poker video data output on the display devices18and gaming machine10ofFIG. 1Ain accordance with another specific embodiment. As will be described in further detail below, the video nature of the present invention allows games and video data to be reconfigured at will by a controller on the gaming machine. For example, a reel game (e.g.FIG. 5B) or video poker game (e.g.FIG. 5D) may be selected in real-time. This is useful for reconfigurable gaming machines that offer multiple games and select a specific game for play when a player approaches a gaming machine (and is identified by the machine); in this case, the video reels may reset immediately for a game for that person. For the video poker game shown inFIG. 5D, the frontmost display device18adisplays a virtual 3D first reel image143with poker card values. Again, all other portions133of screen134are translucent or transparent. The intermediate display device18bshows a virtual three dimensional reel image145on one portion of its display screen136, while all other portions137of screen136are translucent or transparent. The third display device18cdisplays a virtual 3D reel image147with poker card values and a background image149covering the portions of its screen131outside reel image147. Display screens134,137and131simultaneously display each respective poker image to enable a player to see an overall 3D image, as illustrated in theFIG. 5D, for a 3-card poker game. The number of reels may also change from 3 to 5 or 7 to permit a 5-card poker game or a 7-card poker game. Configuration of the reels on each screen may vary. For a five card game, two reels may be included on front screen134, two reels on middle screen137and one reel on the back screen131. Other card and reel configurations are suitable for use herein.

Although it is not fully apparent by viewing the 2D representation shown inFIGS. 5B and 5D, the overall video display (whether still or animated) ofFIG. 5Bprovides an engaging 3D representation because the three reel images are formed in different planes and actual 3D space. Specifically, the representation of reel132being closer to the player than the reel135is based upon and determined by the actual distance between the first display screen134and the second display screen137. Similarly, the representation of the reel135being closer to the player than the reel138is based upon and determined by the actual distance (not shown), which separates the second display screen137from the third display screen139.

Thus, by simultaneously displaying different images (partially or wholly) on layered display devices of the present invention, the gaming machine achieves 3D video output in three actual dimensions. A person can physically move and change their perspective relative to the layered displays and look around the reel132on the first display screen134, thus gaining a different view of reel image135the intermediate display screen136and a different view of reel138.

Curvature of the interior display device18dofFIG. 1Balso adds real depth for the creation of 3D visual output. For reels, the reel symbols pass from top to bottom (or vice versa) of the curved device and thus move towards and away from the viewer in real space as they do so, which not only simulates traditional mechanical reels better, but also adds to real 3D effects of the layered displays. This type of three-dimensional representation is highly engaging and interesting to players because symbols on the reel are actually formed or generated in all three dimensions.

In another 3D video output embodiment, an image of a card dealer, displayed on an interior display device, deals cards that are shown on an exterior display device. This provides a person with a three-dimensional view of the card game in which the cards physically come forward between the display devices.

In a specific embodiment, a gaming machine includes a sensor such as a camera or other suitable device to detect position of a player or the player's head. When the player's head moves (e.g., translates or rotates left, right, up or down), images on one or more of the display devices change to provide a virtual impression to the player that the player can look around an object or images on the display devices, which provides a better impression of 3D reality.

One of the display devices in a layered arrangement may also output live video such as television or a movie (or parts of either). For example, the television or movie video may be output on a rear display while a game is played on a proximate display. This permits a person to watch television or a movie while playing a game at a gaming machine, without changing position or line of sight to switch between the game and live video. The live video may also be related to the game being played to enhance enjoyment of that game, e.g., a science fiction movie related to a science fiction game being played or a 1960's television show related to a 1960's television game. The video may also play commercials for the gaming establishment, such as advertisements and infomercials for businesses related to a casino or businesses that pay for the advertising opportunity. Advertisements may include those for a local restaurant, local shows, -house offers and promotions currently offered, menus for food, etc.

The present invention may employ a wide variety of gaming machines. For example, the present invention may be used with a gaming machine provided by IGT of Reno, Nev. Gaming machines from other manufacturers may also employ layered display systems as described herein.FIGS. 6A and 6Billustrate an exemplary gaming machine10for use according to one embodiment of the present invention.

Gaming machine10includes a top box11and a main cabinet12, which generally surrounds the machine interior and is viewable by users. Main cabinet12includes a main door38on the front of the machine, which opens to provide access to the interior of the machine. Attached to the main door are typically one or more player-input switches or buttons39; one or more money or credit acceptors, such as a coin acceptor42, and a bill or ticket scanner23; a coin tray24; and a belly glass25. Viewable through main door38is the exterior video display monitor18aand one or more information panels27.

Top box11, which typically rests atop of the main cabinet12, may also contain a ticket printer28, a keypad29, one or more additional displays30, a card reader31, one or more speakers32, a top glass33and a camera34. Other components and combinations are also possible, as is the ability of the top box to contain one or more items traditionally reserved for main cabinet locations, and vice versa.

It will be readily understood that gaming machine10can be adapted for presenting and playing any of a number of games and gaming events, particularly games of chance involving a player wager and potential monetary payout, such as, for example, a wager on a sporting event or general play as a slot machine game, a keno game, a video poker game, a video blackjack game, and/or any other video table game, among others. While gaming machine10is usually adapted for live game play with a physically present player, it is also contemplated that such a gaming machine may also be adapted for remote game play with a player at a remote gaming terminal. Such an adaptation preferably involves communication from the gaming machine to at least one outside location, such as a remote gaming terminal itself, as well as the incorporation of a gaming network that is capable of supporting a system of remote gaming with multiple gaming machines and/or multiple remote gaming terminals.

Gaming machine10may also be a “dummy” machine, kiosk or gaming terminal, in that all processing may be done at a remote server, with only the external housing, displays, and pertinent inputs and outputs being available to a player. Further, it is also worth noting that the term “gaming machine” may also refer to a wide variety of gaming machines in addition to traditional free standing gaming machines. Such other gaming machines can include kiosks, set-top boxes for use with televisions in hotel rooms and elsewhere, and many server based systems that permit players to log in and play remotely, such as at a personal computer or PDA. All such gaming machines can be considered “gaming machines” for purposes of the present invention and following discussion, with all of the disclosed metering techniques and devices being adaptable for such uses of alternative gaming machines and devices.

With reference toFIG. 1B, the gaming machine ofFIG. 1Ais illustrated in perspective view with its main door opened. In additional to the various exterior items described above, such as top box11, main cabinet12and primary video display monitor26, gaming machine10also comprises a variety of internal components. As will be readily understood by those skilled in the art, gaming machine10contains a variety of locks and mechanisms, such as main door lock36and latch37. Internal portions of coin acceptor22and bill or ticket scanner23can also be seen, along with the physical meters associated with these peripheral devices. Processing system50includes computer architecture for interacting with and implementing a retinal image system, as will be discussed in further detail below.

When a person wishes to play a gaming machine10, he or she provides coins, cash or a credit device to a scanner included in the gaming machine. The scanner may comprise a bill scanner or a similar device configured to read printed information on a credit device such as a paper ticket or magnetic scanner that reads information from a plastic card. The credit device may be stored in the interior of the gaming machine. During interaction with the gaming machine, the person views game information using a video display. Usually, during the course of a game, a player is required to make a number of decisions that affect the outcome of the game. The player makes these choices using a set of player-input switches.

After the player has completed interaction with the gaming machine, the player may receive a portable credit device from the machine that includes any credit resulting from interaction with the gaming machine. By way of example, the portable credit device may be a ticket having a dollar value produced by a printer within the gaming machine. A record of the credit value of the device may be stored in a memory device provided on a gaming machine network (e.g., a memory device associated with validation terminal and/or processing system in the network). Any credit on some devices may be used for further games on other gaming machines10. Alternatively, the player may redeem the device at a designated change booth or pay machine.

A gaming machine of the present invention can be used to play any primary game, bonus game, progressive or other type of game. In one embodiment, the gaming machine includes a game that enables a player to have inputs and interaction that are associated with a depth or z-dimension extending into and through the face of a frontmost display surface. This type of 3D game play can be suitable for wagering games which, by their original design, are 3D, such as blackjack, poker, roulette, and other casino games including, but not limited to, skill and perceived-skill games. Other wagering games can enable a player to cause different events to occur based upon how hard the player pushes on a touch screen. For example, a player could cause reels or objects to move faster by pressing harder on the exterior touch screen. In these types of games, the gaming machine can enable the player to interact in the 3D by varying the amount of pressure the player applies to a touchscreen.

In another embodiment, the gaming machine enables a player to play two or more games on two or more display screens at the same time or at different times. For example, a player can play two related games on two of the display screens simultaneously. In another example, once a player deposits currency to initiate the gaming machine, the gaming machine may enable the player to chose from one or more games to play on different screens. In yet another example, the gaming machine can include a multi-level bonus scheme that enables a player to advance to different bonus rounds that are displayed and played on different display screens.

Some gaming machines may include a touchscreen that permits force differentiation that allows a person to separately access each display layer in a layered display configuration. This includes gaming machine software and control that reads the amount of force applied by a person and reactively associates this force with video data on a particular screen or layer.

As indicated above, a gaming machine of the present invention also enables a person to view information and graphics generated on one display screen while playing a game that is generated on another display screen. Such information and graphics can include game paytables, game-related information, entertaining graphics, background, history or game theme-related information or information not related to the game, such as advertisements. The gaming machine can display this information and graphics adjacent to a game, underneath or behind a game or on top of a game. For example, a gaming machine could display paylines on the frontmost display screen and also display a reel game on an underlying display screen, and the paylines could fade in and fade out periodically.

A gaming machine includes one or more processors and memory that cooperate to output games and gaming interaction functions from stored memory.FIG. 7illustrates a control configuration for use in a gaming machine in accordance with another specific embodiment of the present invention.

Processor132is a microprocessor or microcontroller-based platform that is capable of causing a display system18to output video data such as symbols, cards, images of people, characters, places, and objects which function in the gaming device. Processor132may include a commercially available microprocessor provided by a variety of vendors known to those of skill in the art. The present invention may also include one or more application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs) or other hardwired devices. Furthermore, although the processor132and memory device134reside on each gaming machine, it is possible to provide some or all of their functions at a central location such as a network server for communication to a playing station such as over a local area network (LAN), wide area network (WAN), Internet connection, microwave link, and the like.

Memory134may include one or more memory modules, flash memory or another type of conventional memory that stores executable programs that are used by the processing system to control components in a layered display system. Memory134can include any suitable software and/or hardware structure for storing data, including a tape, CD-ROM, floppy disk, hard disk or any other optical or magnetic storage media. Memory134may also include a) random access memory (RAM)140for storing event data or other data generated or used during a particular game and b) read only memory (ROM)142for storing program code that controls functions on the gaming machine such as playing a game.

A player uses one or more input devices138, such as a pull arm, play button, bet button or cash out button to input signals into the gaming machine. One or more of these functions could also be employed on a touch screen. In such embodiments, the gaming machine includes a touch screen controller16athat communicates with a video controller146and processor132. A player can input signals into the gaming machine by touching the appropriate locations on the touchscreen.

Processor132is also connected to a currency acceptor116such as the coin slot or bill acceptor. Processor132can operate instructions that require a player to deposit a certain amount of money in order to start the game.

Although the processing system shown inFIG. 7is one specific processing system, it is by no means the only processing system architecture on which the present invention can be implemented. Regardless of the processing system configuration, it may employ one or more memories or memory modules configured to store program instructions for gaming machine network operations and operations associated with layered display systems described herein. Such memory or memories may also be configured to store player interactions, player interaction information, and other instructions related to steps described herein, instructions for one or more games played on the gaming machine, etc.

The processing system may offer any type of primary game, bonus round game or other game. In one embodiment, a gaming machine permits a player to play two or more games on two or more display screens at the same time or at different times. For example, a player can play two related games on two of the display screens simultaneously. In another example, once a player deposits currency to initiate the gaming device, the gaming machine allows a person to choose from one or more games to play on different display screens. In yet another example, the gaming device can include a multi-level bonus scheme that allows a player to advance to different bonus rounds that are displayed and played on different display screens.

The present invention also relates to methods imparted using a gaming machine with a layered display.FIG. 8is flowchart or software routine of a display routine250that may be executed by a gaming machine controller in accordance with a specific embodiment of the present invention.FIG. 8also makes reference to the display system arrangement ofFIG. 1C.

At block252, the routine may determine whether a game has been initiated. If a game has been initiated, the routine may deactivate light valve93and cause the light valve to become transparent at block254. Depending on the particular light valve93being utilized, deactivating the light valve93may involve either applying (or increasing) a current to the light valve93or discontinuing (or decreasing) the current being applied to the light valve93.

At block256, the routine generates graphics on the rear display unit92related to the game. If provided with video slot machine reels, the reels of the rear display unit92are illuminated. Other video output and graphics that correspond to the game display may be activated on the rear display device92as part of the display. Additional graphics may also be generated on the front video display device90, and are superimposed over the graphics of the rear display device92. At block258, the routine generates graphics such as player information (e.g., player identification, cumulative winnings, a player profile, favorite games, etc.), game information, advertisements, graphics related to the game, etc., which are displayed on the front video display device90. At block260, a game routine is performed and output on the front and rear display units90,92. The video is updated accordingly as the game routine proceeds.

The display routine250may further determine whether a bonus game has been initiated at block262. If the bonus game has been initiated, the routine activates the light valve93at block264, causing the light valve to become opaque and obscuring the player's view of the rear display device92. The routine then generates graphics to play the bonus game on the front video display device90at block266and further generate player information on the front video display device at block268. If provided with video slot machine reels, the video reels of the rear display device92may be de-illuminated. At block270, the bonus game routine is executed.

The display routine250may further determine whether or not an attraction sequence is being performed. The attraction sequence may include a scrolling list of games playable on the game machine and/or video images of various games being played, such as video poker, video blackjack, video slots, video keno, video bingo, etc. The attraction sequence may further include the activation of the light valve93at block274, thereby causing the light valve93to become opaque to obscure the view of the rear display device92. Attraction graphics, such as the scrolling list of games and/or video images of various games being played, may be generated on the front video display device90at block276. During the attraction sequence, if a person makes any input to the gaming machine as determined at block278, the attraction sequence terminates and control returns to block252to determine whether or not a game has been initiated.

The display routine250may also determine whether a player has won during a game routine at block280. The win determination may include any nonzero payout determination as determined during a game routine. In one example, the win determination relates to a predetermined payout amount such as a jackpot. If the player has won, as determined at block280, the routine deactivates the light valve93, causing the light valve to become transparent and allowing the player to view the rear display device92. At block284, the routine generates graphics on the rear display device92and/or the front video display device90corresponding to a value payout display to indicating that the player has won. If provided with video slot machine reels, the video reels of the rear display device92may be illuminated and de-illuminated to appear flashing (similar to old mechanical reels). Player information may be generated on the front video display device90at block286, including updated graphical information accounting for the payout amount.

Although the display routine250has been described as including various combinations of generating images on the display units90,92and activating/deactivating the light valve93, based on the occurrence of a game routine, a bonus routine, an attraction sequence, or a winning game, those of ordinary skill in the art will recognize that additional criteria may cause such combinations to be initiated. For example, some game routines may be executed to include a game display on the rear display device92, whereas other game routines may be executed to include a game display on the front display device90. In one example, the rear display device92outputs a video slots game routine that resembles a mechanical slots game, whereas the front display device90outputs a video game routine such as video poker, video blackjack, video slots, video keno, video bingo, or any other video game routine. When a video game routine is to be performed, which may result from a player selection of such a game routine, the light valve93is activated, thereby causing the light valve93to become opaque to obscure the view of the rear display device92. Other combinations that provide specific game routines to be displayed on each display device90,92may also be employed.

Additionally, various combinations and permutations of generating images on the display units90,92and activating/deactivating the light valve93may be performed for the above occurrences or other criteria. Those of ordinary skill in the art will also recognize that each criteria (e.g., game, bonus game, attraction, win, etc.) may be embodied in its own routine or incorporated into other routines such as the main operating routines200,230.

As mentioned above, game output may also include downloading instructions for one or more games to the gaming machine. The present invention also relates to a method of reconfiguring a gaming machine that includes reconfiguring the display system to use a different number of display devices and/or a different game. For example, a network connection on the gaming machine may download software for a game output on a front screen and download software for a game output on a back screen. The downloaded games may include any game/game, game/bonus, game/pay configuration, front/back combination as described above. The downloaded instructions may also specify how the games will be displayed in a common line of sight.

In additional embodiments, two or more “game presentation devices” (conventional flat video displays as well as rotatable reels, curved stationary displays, cylindrical stationary displays, etc.) are provided in a gaming machine such that at least one of them can be moved into and out of a viewing position within a gaming machine display compartment. The display compartment is a portion of a gaming machine sized to accommodate game presentation devices and permitting at least one of them to be moved into and out of position for user viewing. It should be understood that game presentation devices include various types of “mechanical” or “non-video” game presentation devices that are not necessarily slot reels.

Viewing position refers to the position of a presentation device where a user/player normally views a game presentation on a gaming machine. As discussed above, some embodiments of the invention employ video displays and/or reel displays on a common line of sight such that both can be viewed simultaneously by the user. In certain of the embodiments now described, when two or more presentation devices are aligned along a common line of sight, only the first one is visible to players. This may be the case, when the front device (the one closest to the user along the line of sight) is opaque or semi-transparent. Of course, this need not be the case, as the front device can be transparent but also movable. Or the front device can be transparent and the rear device can be movable into and out of viewing position.

Regardless, it will frequently be the case that the two game presentation devices (the slot reels and the video screen) are dedicated to presenting different aspects of the gaming machine experience. As examples, the two game presentation devices can present (1) different types of games (e.g., slot game versus video poker or primary game versus bonus game) and/or (2) different features within a single game (different graphics associated with different levels of bets and/or different themes associated with different win amounts). In certain embodiments, the player selects one of two or more games or game presentations he or she desires. The gaming machine then determines whether to present a video display or a reel presentation device, as these devices may be associated with only one or more games or game presentations. Based on the determination, the machine may move the video display or reel presentation device as necessary to effect the player's selection.

As is apparent from the above discussion ofFIGS. 6A and 6B, many gaming machines have internal compartments within a chassis. In the embodiments now described, one or more internal compartments serve as the display compartments which hold the display devices in viewing position and/or store them in non-viewing position.

Moving a game presentation device into and out of viewing position can be accomplished by translation, rotation or pivot, as well as swinging on an arm. The movement may constitute a slight mechanical movement which slightly perturbs the position of the device as well as complete displacements in which the entire device is moved out of viewing position and stored at an appropriate location within a display compartment. A telescoping arrangement may also be employed to move one or both presentation devices. Slight mechanical movement may allow for backlighting of an LCD display screen for example.

Various mechanisms may be employed for moving the video display screen into and out of viewing position. The same is true of the reel presentation device. In some embodiments, the mechanism for moving includes a motor drive for moving the video display device into and out of the common line of sight. Similarly, the mechanism for moving may include a motor drive for moving the reels or reel display into and out of the common line of sight.

Various different drive mechanisms (either open or closed loop) may be employed for translating or otherwise moving movable displays. These drive mechanisms may include, but are not limited to, ballscrew and jacknut devices, belt and pulley devices, electromagnetic linear drive mechanisms, cam and follower devices, gear drives, leadscrews, etc. The drivers for such systems may include, for example, stepper motors, server motors, gear motors, pneumatic drivers, etc. Each of the different types of drivers may be implemented either with or without mechanical and electromechanical encoders and other feedback technologies, as desired.

Certain embodiments make use of a telescoping arm adapted to push or pull the reel presentation device. In at least one implementation, a presentation device may be pivotally attached to a telescoping arm via pivot mechanism to allow additional freedom in moving the device.

Certain embodiments make use of hinged or pivot mounted arms that engage the outer edges (left and right when in an upright orientation) of a reel presentation device. In some cases, such arms swing the device between viewing and non-viewing positions. In other cases, the display screen and/or the reel presentation device moves along a rail or other guide attached to the gaming machine (e.g., directly attached to the chassis or attached to a frame within the chassis). Other mechanisms will be readily apparent to those of skill in the art.

FIGS. 9A-9Fdepict examples of embodiments in which one or both of a video display screen and a reel type display are moved into and out of a viewing position. In these embodiments, the entire presentation device is moved into or out of viewing position depending on the circumstances. When a device is moved out of viewing position, it is typically hidden from view. However, in certain embodiments, the presentation device is moved to a different viewing position; e.g., from a primary viewing position to a secondary viewing position. An example of such embodiment is depicted inFIG. 9E. In addition, viewable aspects of the reel presentation and display devices may be combined for viewing by the user. For example, when the display device is moved out of normal viewing position in front of the reel presentation device, it may still present an image to the user (which is combined with the direct view of the reels) via an optical transmission device. In this manner the user perceives a combined view of the reel presentation and video display. The optical transmission device may include one or more of a projector, a mirror, a beam splitter, and the like. An example of a beam splitter used with a reel presentation device is presented in U.S. Pat. No. 6,517,437 issued Feb. 11, 2003, which is incorporated herein by reference for all purposes.

InFIGS. 9A-9F, a gaming machine chassis907is depicted in simplified fashion as a box. In these simple examples, the chassis serves to define a display compartment for holding presentation devices in viewing and non-viewing positions. Chassis907also includes a window or opening909through which a user can view either of the presentation devices. Hence, the chassis907depicted in these figures may serve as part of an external cabinet visible to users. It should be understood that the chassis is typically adapted to house a plurality of gaming machine components (not just displays) within or about the interior region. Note thatFIGS. 9A,9B, and9E, each present two views, a side view on the left and a front view (from the perspective of a user during normal game play) on the right.

Note that in each ofFIGS. 9A-9F, a reel presentation device901is intended to include any type of presentation device that displays spinning reels. This includes at least actual mechanically spinning reels, a flat video display (single or multi-layer) showing spinning reels, and curved video display (single or multi-layer). Video display device905(or906inFIG. 9E) is intended to include any type of substantially thin or flat display configured to present video content. LCDs, electroluminescent displays, electrochromic displays, light emitting diode displays (including OLEDs), plasma displays, field emission displays, digital micromirror devices (DMD), Light-Emitting Polymer (LEP) displays, CRT displays, and others are all contemplated as examples of the display905. Further, the display may be framed and may exist in any shape consistent with the technology utilized the type of display being used. For example, an LCD may be cut into shapes such as circles, triangles, or any free-form shape desired.

The normal viewing position is along a line of sight such as that depicted in, e.g.,FIG. 1BandFIG. 1C. In one phase of operation, as depicted inFIG. 9A, both a reel presentation device901and a video display screen905are provided on a common line of sight903, with the display screen in front and visible to the user. One or both of device901and screen905will be visible through opening909. If the video display screen is not transparent it will hide the reel device from view. When however the video screen is transparent, semi-transparent, or capable of being rendered temporarily transparent, the reel device will be visible or partially visible even when the video screen is positioned in front. Such arrangements have already been described in detail above. In the embodiment depicted inFIG. 9A, the reels will be obscured when the video display must is positioned in front.

When the video display screen is located out of the viewing position, it may be hidden from the player's view. In one embodiment, when the video display screen is in the non-viewing position, it is hidden from view in a region of the chassis and in the same plane of as when in the display position. This is depicted in FIG.9B. In this embodiment, a video screen905simply slides upward into a slot or region in the display chamber. As shown in the right panel ofFIG. 9B, the reel device901is then viewable through window909.

In the embodiment ofFIG. 9C, a video display screen905′ moves out of viewing position by a movement that includes pivoting to a position in which it is no longer in the plane it occupied when in the viewing position. Thus, for example, the video display screen may move to a position perpendicular to its display position and disposed above or below the reels or reel display. The pivoting motion may be accompanied by a translational motion, as appropriate, to effect positioning in a final non-viewing rest or home position. SeeFIG. 9C. Of course, the user's view will then be the same as that shown in the right panel (front view) ofFIG. 9B.

Certain embodiments, such as the one depicted inFIG. 9D, employ a flexible video display screen905″. As such, the screen can move into and out of viewing position while bending. This may facilitate movement between viewing and non-viewing positions where the video screen moves out of the plane occupied during display and comes to rest above or below the reels. Less space for movement within the gaming machine chassis need be reserved for movement of the display screen in such embodiments. Note that when in the viewing position, the video screen is typically flat. In other words, the screen itself is flat or relatively flat when displaying video content. With a flexible video display screen embodiment, however, the screen may occupy a curved, bent or warped configuration when in the viewing position. Examples of flexible display screens include various active and passive matrix designs formed on flexible substrates and employing both a flexible display front plane (containing light emitting or modulating pixels) and a flexible back plane (containing the pixel control circuitry). OLED and electroluminescent displays can be formed on flexible substrates. Other display types such as liquid crystal displays (LCDs) and electrophoretic displays and rotating element displays can also be made on flexible substrates.

In certain embodiments, a video display screen906moves between a principal viewing position and a secondary viewing position (rather than between a viewing position and a non-viewing position). See the design depicted inFIG. 9E. As shown there, a principal viewing position is located in front of the reels or reel display901as described herein. In the secondary viewing position, video display screen906is still visible to the user/player, this time through a window or opening911located above opening909. However, it is now positioned in a secondary position and the user can, in some embodiments, simultaneously view both the reels (or reel display) and the video display. The two game presentation components (the reels and the video display) are now located in different lines of sight. In some embodiments, the video display screen depicts pay tables or other ancillary information associated with the reel game.

Typically, in embodiments where the video screen moves into and out of position, a transparent screen910(e.g., a glass window) is provided in front of the reel presentation device (and/or in front of the secondary viewing position) so that direct access to the reel device or other part of the gaming machine interior is blocked after the video display is moved away. Screen910may include pay lines or other information to facilitate presentation of the game to the user. In some cases, screen910may itself be some form of transparent video display device.

Yet another embodiment is depicted inFIG. 9F. As shown there, a reel presentation device901′ is configured to move into and out of viewing position. In the depicted embodiment, the reel device moves to an upper corner of the display compartment so that it is clearly out of the player's line of sight. Of course, in other embodiments, the movement of the reel device need not be so pronounced. Combining movement with a change in back lighting and/or transparency or other optical effects of video screen905can create the same effect—i.e., the reel device is no longer visible or no longer contributes significantly to the player's viewing experience. Embodiments such as those ofFIG. 9F, where the reel presentation device moves, may be particularly advantageous when used with transparent or semitransparent video display screens.

As mentioned, in the embodiments described here, the one or more reels or the reel display may be mechanically rotatable reels. Alternatively, the reels or the reel display may be a curved surface of a digital or video display device. In certain embodiments, the reels or the reel display include an organic light emitting diode (OLED) device for displaying the symbols. For example, the reels may comprise an OLED device on a mechanical reel. Or a reel display may comprise an OLED for displaying video images of spinning reels on a curved or flat screen. An electroluminescent display for displaying reel symbols may be used in place of or together with an OLED display in reels or a reel display. In some cases, a projection-type display device is configured to cast an image of reel symbols onto the reels or the reel display. The display device is typically provided within the gaming machine chassis.

In certain embodiments, the video reel display and/or video display device are configured to cooperate in displaying three-dimensional visual output that has an actual three-dimensional depth along the common line of sight. See e.g., US Published Patent application no. 20060103951 filed Mar. 17, 2003, which is incorporated herein by reference for all purposes. In certain embodiments, the one or more reels or the reel display comprises a multilayer display. In some cases, the video display device comprises a non-transparent liquid crystal display. Another feature that may be included in apparatus is a touch screen proximately located along the common line of sight and positioned to allow a player to select game options by touching regions on the video display device along the common line of sight.

The gaming machines ofFIGS. 9A-9Ftypically include some form of processor configured to execute instructions from memory that permit game play on the gaming machine. The instructions also indicated how, when, and where the individual presentation devices move. Separate display positioning logic and/or drivers may be dedicated for this purpose. For example, the architecture presented inFIG. 7may include one or more display positioning drivers.

In some embodiments, the gaming machine also includes game presentation logic for execution on the processor to present video information on the video display device pertinent to said game play on the gaming machine. The game presentation logic may also determine whether the video display device or the reels should be active at any given time for presenting game information. Typically, the game presentation logic includes instructions for controlling display of symbols on the reels or reel display.

As with all embodiments described herein, the gaming machines depicted in the embodiments ofFIGS. 9A-9Fmay be incorporated into a network of gaming machines in communication with one or more servers providing administrative functions such security, accounting, and/or game configuration. In certain aspects game presentation and/or game outcome logic may be downloaded from an external server to one or gaming machines as depicted inFIGS. 9A-9F.

In accordance with the embodiments presented inFIGS. 9A-9F, the invention may involve a sequence of operations for presenting a particular game on a gaming machine. Frequently, the sequence is initiated by determining that an aspect of a game is to be displayed on either (i) one or more reels or a reel display mounted to or within a cabinet of gaming machine and/or (ii) a video display device positioned in front of and along a common line of sight with respect to the reels or reel display. For example, a user may select a slot reel game. Thereafter, the gaming machine, acting under control of process logic, moves either the video display device or the reel presentation device, or both into and/or out of position along the common line of sight depending upon which one is identified to display the aspect of the game. The machine can then execute instructions that permit game play, as appropriate, on the gaming machine. To implement these operations, the gaming machine may employ on board or external game presentation logic which typically executes on the gaming machine.

In certain embodiments, determining that an aspect of a game is to be displayed involves determining which of two different types of game is to be displayed. Based on this, the gaming machine determines whether to move (i) the video display device or (ii) the reels presentation device. For example, when a slot game type is selected, the reel presentation device may be moved into position (and/or the video display may be moved out of position) along the common line of sight.

In some embodiments, one or both game presentation devices may be automatically moved during game play between the viewing and non-viewing positions. This may elicit greater interest and excitement from the player and/or spectators during game play. Of course, the presentation devices may also be moved at other times (e.g., not during game play), in order, for example, to attract attention or to elicit greater interest and excitement from persons in a surrounding area, e.g., a casino.

A wide range of gaming machine designs may take advantage of movable displays embodiments of the invention. For example, some suitable gaming machines have top boxes and/or player tracking features. Further, some gaming machines are designed for bar tables and have displays that face upwards. As another example, a game may be generated in on a host computer and may be displayed on a remote terminal or a remote gaming device. The remote gaming device may be connected to the host computer via a network of some type such as a local area network, a wide area network, an intranet or the Internet. Further a gaming machine or server may include gaming logic for commanding a remote gaming device to render an image from a virtual camera in a 3-D gaming environments stored on the remote gaming device and to display the rendered image on a display located on the remote gaming device. Those of skill in the art will understand that the present invention, as described below, can be deployed on most any gaming machine environment now available or hereafter developed.

CONCLUSION

Although the foregoing invention has been described in some detail for purposes of clarity of understanding, it will be apparent that certain changes and modifications may be practiced without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the claims. For instance, while the gaming machines of this invention have been depicted as having a display screen physically viewed through a vertical glass panel attached to a main gaming machine cabinet, the use of gaming devices in accordance with this invention is not so limited. For example, the display screen features may be provided on a table top gaming machine where the display screen is viewed through a horizontal glass panel. Further, features of the invention described herein may be provided alone or in any combination.