Resinous composition

A resinous composition, having excellent toughness, flexibility, heat resistance and moldability, comprises (A) from 5 to 98% by weight of a polyamide and (B) from 95 to 2% by weight of a polyolefin modified with from 0.001 to 10% by mole based on all polymer components of a component having at least one functional group selected from the groups represented by the following general formulas (I), (II) and (III); ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 denotes an organic group and R.sub.2, R.sub.3, R.sub.4 and R.sub.5 denote a group selected from the groups consisting of hydrogen atom and organic group respectively.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
(1) Field of the Invention 
The present invention relates to a resinous composition having excellent 
toughness, flexibility, heat resistance and moldability. 
(2) Description of the Prior Art 
Recently, a molding composition which comprises a polyamide and a various 
polyolefin has been investigated in order to enhance impact strength of 
polyamide in the absolute dried condition and in the cold condition and to 
improve heat resistance, especially rigidity and creep resistance of 
polyolefin at higher circumambient temperatures. However, it is generally 
difficult to obtain an intimate composition comprising a polyamide and a 
polyolefin by melt-blending of both components using such as extruder, on 
account of that both polarity and reactivity is so different between a 
polyamide and a polyolefin that these both components have poor 
compatibility each other. In order to conquer this disadvantage and obtain 
an intimate composition comprising a polyamide and a polyolefin, various 
methods and compositions have been proposed. For example, U.S. Pat. Nos. 
3,845,163 and 4,174,358 disclose compositions comprising polyamide and 
polyolefin modified with .alpha.,.beta.-unsaturated carboxylic acid 
derivatives which can react chemically with polyamide. The compositions 
disclosed in the above-mentioned prior arts show fine morphology and an 
enhancement of impact strength of polyamide can be achieved because of a 
high reactivity of the modified polyolefin. 
But on the other hand, there appears distinct disadvantage owing to 
reaction between the polyamide and the modified polyolefin, that is, as a 
result of said reaction, fluidity of the composition at injection molding 
is deteriorated and the surface appearance of the molded articles becomes 
poor on account of local increase of viscosity. 
It has now been found that the resinous composition having both excellent 
physical properties in respect to toughness, flexibility and heat 
resistance and good moldability can be provided according to a composition 
comprising a polyamide and a polyolefin modified with functional groups 
which cannot substantially react with the terminal amino groups or amide 
groups in the main chain of the polyamide but can enhance compatibility to 
the polyamide. 
BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
An object of the present invention is to provide a resinous composition 
comprising a polyamide and a novel modified polyolefin which cannot 
substantially react with a polyamide, but has an excellent compatibility 
therewith. 
Another object of the present invention is to provide a resinous 
composition comprising a polyamide and a modified polyolefin which has 
excellent impact strength, flexibility, heat resistance, moldability and 
the like. 
A further object of the present invention is to provide a resinous 
composition whose both components, that is, a polyamide and a modified 
polyolefin form an intimate mixture and fine morphology over a wide range 
of composite ratios. 
Other and further objects, features and advantages of the present invention 
will appear more fully from the following description. 
These objects can be attained by providing a resinous composition 
comprising (A) from 5 to 98% by weight of a polyamide and (B) from 95 to 
2% by weight of a polyolefin modified with from 0.001 to 10% by mole based 
on all polymer components of a component having at least one functional 
group selected from the groups represented by the following general 
formulas (I), (II) and (III) 
##STR2## 
wherein R.sub.1 denotes an organic group and R.sub.2, R.sub.3, R.sub.4 and 
R.sub.5 denote a group selected from the group consisting of a hydrogen 
atom and an organic group respectively and at least one of R.sub.2 and 
R.sub.3 denotes an organic group and at least one of R.sub.4 and R.sub.5 
denotes an organic group. 
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS 
The polyamide employed in the present invention is a high polymer having 
the acid amide bond of --NHCO--. Representative examples of components of 
the polyamide include aminocarboxylic acids such as 6-aminocaproic acid, 
11-aminoundecanoic acid, 12-aminododecanoic acid and p-aminomethylbenzoic 
acid, lactams such as e-caprolactam and .omega.-laurolactam, diamines such 
as tetramethylenediamine, hexamethylenediamine, undecamethylenediamine, 
dodecamethylenediamine, 2,2,4-/2,4,4-trimethylhexamethylenediamine, 
5-methylnonamethylenediamine, 2,4-dimethyloctamethylenediamine, 
m-xylylenediamine, p-xylylenediamine, 1,3-bis(aminomethyl) cyclohexane, 
1-amino-3-aminomethyl-3,5,5-trimethylcyclohexane, 
3(4),8(9)-bis(aminomethyl)tricyclo[5,2,1,0.sup.2,6 ] decane, 
bis(4-aminocyclohexyl)methane, 2,2-bis(4-aminocyclohexyl)propane, 
bis(aminopropyl)piperazine, aminoethylpiperazine, 
.alpha.,.omega.-diaminopolyoxyethylene and 
.alpha.,.omega.-diaminopolyoxypropylene and dicarboxylic acids such as 
adipic acid, suberic acid, azelaic acid, sebacic acid, dodecadioic acid, 
terephthalic acid, isophthalic acid, 2-chloroterephthalic acid, 
2-methylterephthalic acid, 5-methylisophthalic acid, 
5-sodiumsulfoisophthalic acid, hexahydroterephthalic acid, 
hexahydroisophthalic acid, and diglycolic acid. Suitable polyamides 
employed in the present invention include homopolyamides such as 
polycaproamide (nylon 6), polyhexamethyleneadipamide (nylon 66), 
polyhexamethylenesebacamide (nylon 610), polyhexamethylenedodecamide 
(nylon 612), polyundecamethyleneadipamide (nylon 116), polyundecaneamide 
(nylon 11), polydodecaneamide (nylon 12), 
polytrimethylhexamethyleneteraphthalamide (nylon TMD T), 
polyhexamethyleneisophthalamide (nylon 6I), 
poly-bis(4-aminocyclohexyl)methanedodecamide (nylon M 12), 
poly-m-xylyleneadipamide (nylon MXD 6), polyundecamethyleneterephthalamide 
(nylon 11T), polyundecamethylenehexahydroterephthalamide (nylon 11T(H)), 
and their copolyamides and the mixture thereof. The polyamide of the 
present invention can be produced according to ordinary process of 
melt-polymerization. The degree of polymerization of the polyamide is not 
defined and generally a relative viscosity of the polyamide to be 
employed, which is measured at 25.degree. C. in 98% sulfuric acid at a 
concentration of 1.0%, may be varied from about 2.0 to about 5.0. 
The modified polyolefin employed in the present invention is a polyolefin 
having at least one functional group selected from the groups represented 
by the following general formulas (I), (II) and (III). 
##STR3## 
wherein R.sub.1 denotes an organic group and R.sub.2, R.sub.3, R.sub.4 and 
R.sub.5 denote a group selected from the groups consisting of hydrogen 
atom and organic group respectively and at least one of R.sub.2 and 
R.sub.3 denotes an organic group and at least one of R.sub.4 and R.sub.5 
denotes an organic group. Preferably, the organic group represented by 
R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3, R.sub.4 and R.sub.5 is selected from the groups 
consisting of aliphatic group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, alicyclic group 
having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, aromatic group having 1 to 30 carbon atom and 
heterocyclic group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms. Representative examples of 
the organic group represented by R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3, R.sub.4 and 
R.sub.5 include methyl, ethyl, butyl, hexyl, dodecyl, oleyl, stearyl, 
cyclohexyl, benzyl, phenyl, naphthyl, (3,5-diamino)-2,4,6-triazino, 
2-hydroxymethyl, 3-hydroxypropyl, morphoryno and group shown by the 
following general formula (IV). 
##STR4## 
wherein n denotes an integer of 2 to 10, preferably n is selected from an 
integer of 2, 3, 4 and 10, most preferably n is an integer of 4. That is, 
a modified polyolefin having the functional group represented by the 
following formula (V) is employed most preferably in the present 
invention. 
##STR5## 
In the present invention, the functional groups represented by the 
above-described general formulas (I), (II) and (III) can be formed by 
reaction of primary or secondary aliphatic amines, alicyclic amines or 
aromatic amines with carboxylic acid group, acid anhydride group or epoxy 
group and the thus obtained functional groups can be introduced into side 
chain or main chain of polyolefin to provide the modified polyolefin. 
The polyolefin modified with the specified functional groups represented by 
the above-mentioned formulas can be produced by copolymerization or graft 
copolymerization of olefin monomer and N-substituted imide monomer, 
N-substituted amide monomer or N-substituted hydroxyethyl monomer which 
are obtained by reaction of the various amines with 
.alpha.,.beta.-ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid, their anhydride 
or unsaturated vinyl monomer having epoxy group. The modified polyolefin 
of the present invention can be also produced by reaction of the various 
amines with polyolefin modified with carboxylic acid, acid anhydride or 
epoxy group. Representative examples of .alpha.,.beta.-unsaturated 
carboxylic acid, their acid anhydride and unsaturated vinyl monomer having 
epoxy group include acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, maleic acid, fumaric 
acid, itaconic acid, crotonic acid, methyl maleic acid, methyl fumaric 
acid, mesaconic acid, citraconic acid, glutaconic acid, methyl hydrogen 
maleate, ethyl hydrogen maleate, methyl hydrogen fumarate, methyl hydrogen 
itaconate, maleic anhydride, itaconic anhydride, citraconic anhydride, 
endo-bicyclo-[2,2,1]-5-heptene-2,3-dicarboxylic anhydride, 
glycidylacrylate, glycidylmethacrylate, vinyl glycidyl ether, allyl 
glycidyl ether and so on. 
Representative examples of the various amines which react with the 
carboxylic acid group, acid anhydride group or epoxy group and form the 
functional groups represented by the above-described general formulas (I), 
(II) and (III), include methylamine, ethylamine, butylamine, hexylamine, 
dodecylamine, oleylamine, stearylamine, cyclohexylamine, benzylamine, 
aniline, naphthylamine, dimethylamine, diethylamine, methylethylamine, 
dibutylamine, distearylamine, dicyclohexylamine, ethylcyclohexylamine, 
methylaniline, phenylnaphthylamine, melamine, ethanolamine, 
3-amino-1-propanol, diethanolamine, morpholine and lactam derivatives such 
as .alpha.-amino-.omega.-lactam and N.sup..alpha. -mono-substituted 
amino-.omega.-lactam. Among N.sup..alpha. -mono-substituted 
amino-.epsilon.-lactam, .alpha.-monomethylamino-.epsilon.-caprolactam, 
.alpha.-monoethylamino-.epsilon.-caprolactam, 
.alpha.-monopropylamino-.epsilon.-caprolactam, 
a-monobutylamino-.epsilon.-caprolactam, 
.alpha.-monophenylamino-.epsilon.-caprolactam and 
.alpha.-monobenzylamino-.epsilon.-caprolactam are more preferable. 
Suitable olefin monomers employed as the main component of the modified 
polyolefin of the present invention include ethylene, propylene, 1-butene, 
1-pentene, 4-methylpentene-1, 1-hexene, 1,4-hexadiene, dicyclopentadiene, 
2,5-norbornadiene, 5-ethyl-2,5-norbornadiene, 5-ethylydene norbornene, 
5-(1'-propenyl)-2-norbornene, isobutylene, butadiene, isoprene, vinyl 
acetate, styrene, vinylchloride, ethylacrylate, isobutylacrylate, methyl 
methacrylate, zinc methacrylate and acrylamide. 
Suitable modified polyolefins empolyed in the composition of the present 
invention include polyethylene, ethylene/propylene copolymer, 
ethylene/butene-1 copolymer, ethylene/propylene/1,4-hexadiene copolymer, 
ethylene/propylene/5-ethylidenenorbornene copolymer, 
ethylene/propylene/5-ethyl-2,5-norbornadiene copolymer, 
ethylene/propylene/dicyclopentadiene copolymer and the like, which have 
the functional group represented by the above-described general formulas 
(I), (II) and (III) in the side chain or main chain of the polyolefin. 
The components having the functional group represented by the 
above-described general formulas (I), (II) and (III) can be employed in 
the amount of 0.001 to 10% by mole, preferably 0.01 to 5% by mole based on 
all polymer components of the modified polyolefin of the present 
invention. When this amount is less than 0.001% by mole, satisfactory 
effect of improving the compatibility between polyolefin and polyamide 
cannot be expected and the resulting resinous composition cannot have fine 
morphology. On the other hand, when this amount is more than 10% by mole, 
side reactions such as degradation and gelation of the modified polyolefin 
occur disadvantageously. The degree of polymerization of the modified 
polyolefin is not defined and, generally, melt index thereof according to 
ASTM D-1238 may be varied from about 0.05 to 50 g/10 min. It is possible 
to mix a small amount of ordinary polyolefin having no functional group 
with the modified polyolefin of the present invention. 
Although the modified polyolefin of the present invention does not have the 
such a functional group as capable of reacting with terminal amino groups 
or amide groups in the main chain of the polyamide, it has a sufficient 
compatibility to the polyamide. That is, the modified polyolefin having 
the functional groups represented by the above-described formulas (I), 
(II) and (III), can possess an excellent ability to achieve an intimate 
morphology with the polyamide since the some of modified polyolefins have 
an amide group in common with the polyamide and the others have an imide 
group which resembles an amide group contained in the polyamide, which 
enables it to impart the modified polyolefin a specific compatibility to 
the polyamide without substantial chemical reaction. As a result of 
superior compatibility between the modified polyolefin and the polyamide, 
the resinous composition having excellent toughness, flexibility, heat 
resistance and moldability can be obtained according to the present 
invention. But the modified polyolefin of the present invention may 
optionally have such functional groups as capable of reacting with the 
polyamide in small amounts without greatly changing the essential 
characteristics of the composition of the present invention. 
A resinous composition of the present invention comprises from 5 to 98%, 
preferably 10 to 95%, most preferably 50 to 95% by weight of a polyamide 
and from 95 to 2%, preferably 90 to 5%, most preferably 50 to 5% by weight 
of a modified polyolefin. A ratio of a polyamide to a modified polyolefin 
is depending upon the purpose and usage of the composition. Generally, in 
case that the major component is a polyamide, the composition which has 
excellent toughness, flexibility and fatigue resistance keeping the 
characteristics of a polyamide can be obtained. On the other hand, in case 
that the major component is a modified polyolefin, heat resistance of 
polyolefin can be improved effectively by polyamide incorporated in the 
composition. Particularly, one of the characteristic features of the 
composition according to the present invention exists in that it has 
fluidity superior to that of various preceding compositions and it can 
provide the molded articles having excellent surface appearance. 
The resinous composition of the present invention can be prepared by using 
conventional mixing methods. An industrially advantageous process includes 
dry-blending pellet, powder or chip of the polyamide and the modified 
polyolefin in a mixing machine such as a Henschel mixer. The resulting 
mixture, if desired, is heated and kneaded into a molten state by 
conventional single or twin screw extruder and is then molded into various 
shaped articles. In the present invention, it is possible to form the 
modified polyolefin having the functional groups represented by the 
above-described formulas (I), (II) and (III) at the time of melt-kneading 
of the polyamide and the polyolefin having the functional groups 
consisting of carboxylic acid group, acid anhydride group and epoxy group 
by addition of various amines. 
Other additives may be contained in the resinous composition of the present 
invention without preventing its moldability and mechanical properties. 
Representative examples of additives include pigments, dyes, reinforcing 
agents, fillers, heat stabilizers, antioxidants, light stabilizers, flame 
retarding agents, lubricants, mold-releasing agents, antistatic agents, 
plasticizers, nucleating agents, antiblocking agents, and other polymer 
materials. Particularly, the resinous composition of the present invention 
additionally containing inorganic or organic fibrous reinforcing agents 
such as glass fibers, carbon fibers and asbestos fibers and powdery or 
beaded fillers such as talc, wollastonite, calcium carbonate, mica, glass 
beads and potassium titanate wiskers, is important for practical use on 
account of high rigidity and excellent impact strength. 
The resinous composition of the present invention is useful for various 
injection-molded articles, hoses, tubings, films, monofilaments, wire 
coating, blow-molded articles, laminates and so on. Such articles are 
useful for a variety of parts, especially for machinery parts, automobile 
parts and electrical parts.

The present invention will be more clearly understood with reference to the 
following examples. Properties of the composition described in examples 
were measured by the following methods. 
(1) Relative viscosity: JIS K6810 
(2) Melt index: ASTM D1238 
(3) Fluidity was determined as minimum injection pressure, i.e. lower limit 
pressure filled up to a mold at injection molding. The smaller value, the 
better fluidity. 
(4) Tensile properties: ASTM D638 
(5) Flexural properties: ASTM D790 
(6) Izod impact strength: ASTM D256 
(7) Heat distortion temperature: ASTM D648 
(8) Surface appearance of molded articles: observation with the naked eye. 
EXAMPLE A 
(Preparation of a modified polyolefin A) 
100 parts by weight of ethylene/propylene copolymer consisting of 80 mole % 
of ethylene and 20 mole % of propylene, 0.1 parts by weight of 
di-t-buthylperoxide and 1.0 part by weight of maleic anhydride were mixed 
by Henschel mixer and the resulting mixture was melt-kneaded using a 
extruder having a diameter of 40 mm at 200.degree. C. to yield pellets 
whereby a polyolefin modified with maleic anhydride by graft reaction was 
obtained. The obtained pellets proved to have 0.52 wt % of maleic 
anhydride by IR analysis 
##STR6## 
after extraction of unreacted maleic anhydride therefrom by acetone. 
100 parts by weight of the thus-obtained ethylene/propylene-g-maleic 
anhydride copolymer ("g" represents grafting) and 2 parts by weight of 
.alpha.-amino-.epsilon.-caprolactam were mixed and the mixture was kneaded 
using a Bumbury mixer at 190.degree. C. for 5 minutes to yield modified 
polyolefin chips. After extraction of unreacted 
.alpha.-amino-.epsilon.-caprolactam from the chips by ethanol, IR analysis 
of the resulting chips was carried out and it was found that signals at 
1820 cm.sup.-1 and 1760 cm.sup.-1 assigned to acid anhydride group 
disappeared completely and peak of imide group having five-membered ring 
came out at 1710 cm.sup.-1. As a result of IR spectrum, the obtained 
modified polyolefin proved to be ethylene/propylene copolymer having 0.16 
mole % of the functional group represented by the following formula in the 
side chain. Melt index of the modified polyolefin was 0.5 g/10 min. 
##STR7## 
EXAMPLE 1-4 
Nylon 6 having relative viscosity of 2.70 was prepared by 
melt-polymerization of .epsilon.-caprolactam at 260.degree. C. This nylon 
6 and the modified polyolefin prepared by the method of Example A were 
mixed at a ratio described in Table 1 and the resulting mixture was 
melt-kneaded at 270.degree. C. using a 65 mm.phi. extruder. The discharged 
melt-guts were quenched by water, cut and dried in vacuo prior to molding. 
The obtained pellets were injection-molded at cylinder temperature of 
250.degree. C. and mold temperature of 80.degree. C. to give test-pieces 
and to evaluate fluidity. Mechanical properties of these test-pieces were 
measured according to ASTM procedures and the obtained results were 
summarized in Table 1. 
COMATIVE EXAMPLE 1 
The test-piece from nylon 6 employed in Example 1-4 had 5.5 kg cm/cm notch 
of izod impact strength, whose toughness was practically insufficient. 
COMATIVE EXAMPLE 2 
Heat distortion temperature of modified polyolefin employed in Example 1-4 
was 54.degree. C., whose heat resistance was insufficient. 
COMATIVE EXAMPLE 3 
60% by weight of nylon 6 employed in Example 2 and 40% by weight of 
ethylene/propylene-g-maleic anhydride copolymer prepared in the first step 
of Example A were mixed and the mixture was melt-kneaded and 
injection-molded in a similar manner to Example 2. The minimum injection 
pressure of this composition was 510 kg/cm.sup.2 and its fluidity proved 
to be inferior to that of the composition of Example 2. 
EXAMPLE B 
(Preparation of a modified polyolefin B) 
A reaction of maleic anhydride and .alpha.-amino-.epsilon.-caprolactam was 
carried out in N,N-dimethylformamide at 30.degree. C. to yield maleamic 
acid and then ring closure of maleamic acid was made in the presence of 
acetic anhydride and pyridine at 60.degree. C. to yield a functional 
monomer represented by the following formula. 
##STR8## 
100 parts by weight of ethylene/propylene copolymer consisting of 80 mole % 
of ethylene and 20 mole % of propylene, 0.1 parts by weight of 
.alpha.,.alpha.'-bis-t-butylperoxy-p-diisopropylbenzene and 1.0 part by 
weight of the above-described maleimide derivatives were mixed and then 
the mixture was kneaded at 220.degree. C. using a 40 mm.phi. extruder to 
yield a modified polyolefin pellets. After extraction of the unreacted 
functional monomer from the crushed pellets by acetone, IR analysis was 
carried out and it was found that IR spectrum of thus obtained modified 
polyolefin was quite same as that of Example A. Therefore, the modified 
polyolefin proved to be ethylene/propylene copolymer having the functional 
group represented by the following formula in the side chain. 
##STR9## 
EXAMPLE 5-7 
Nylon 66 having relative viscosity of 2.90 was prepared by 
melt-polymerization of equimolar salt from hexamethylene diamine and 
adipic acid at 280.degree. C. This nylon 66 and the modified polyolefin 
prepared according to the method of Example B were mixed at a ratio 
described in Table 2 and the mixture was melt-kneaded at 290.degree. C. 
using a 65 mm.phi. extruder. The discharged melt-guts were quenched by 
water, cut and dried in vacuo prior to molding. The obtained pellets were 
injection-molded at cylinder temperature of 275.degree. C. and mold 
temperature of 80.degree. C. to give test-pieces and to evaluate fluidity. 
Mechanical properties of these test-pieces were measured and the obtained 
results were summarized in Table 2. 
EXAMPLE 8 
100 parts by weight of the mixture consisting of 75% by weight of nylon 6 
employed in Example 1 and 25% by weight of ethylene/propylene-g-maleic 
anhydride copolymer prepared in the first step of Example A and 2 parts by 
weight of .alpha.-amino-.epsilon.-caprolactam were mixed and the mixture 
was melt-kneaded at 270.degree. C. using a extruder to yield pellets. The 
obtained pellets were immersed in m-cresol and nylon was dissolved off 
completely. IR spectrum of undissolved component, that is, the modified 
polyolefin was quite same as that of Example A. Therefore, it was found 
that a ethylene/propylene copomyler having the functional group 
represented by the following formula in the side chain was produced in the 
above-descibed procedure. 
##STR10## 
The pellets consisting of nylon 6 and modified polyolefin were molded in a 
similar manner to Example 1 to give test-pieces. Mechanical properties of 
these test-pieces and fluidity were measured and the following results 
were obtained. 
Minimum injection pressure: 400 kg/cm.sup.2 
Tensile strength at yield: 510 kg/cm.sup.2 
Elongation at break: &gt;200% 
Flexural strength: 710 kg/cm.sup.2 
Flexural modulus: 17,600 kg/cm.sup.2 
Izod impact strength 
23.degree. C.: Non break 
0.degree. C.: 72 kg.cm/cm notch 
-20.degree. C.: 40 kg.cm/cm notch 
Heat distortion temperature: 158.degree. C. 
Surface appearance of molded articles: Excellent 
EXAMPLE C 
(Preparation of a modified polyolefin C) 
100 parts by weight of a copolymer consisting of 70 mole % of ethylene, 15 
mole % of propylene, 14 mole % of 1,4-hexadiene and 1 mole % of acrylic 
acid and 4 parts by weight of 
.alpha.-monomethylamino-.epsilon.-caprolactam were mixed and the mixture 
was kneaded at 180.degree. C. for 10 minutes using a roll-mill to yield a 
modified polyolefin pellets. After extraction of unreacted 
.alpha.-methylamino-.epsilon.-caprolactam from the crushed pellets by 
ethanol, IR analysis was carried out and it was found that signal at 1710 
cm.sup.-1 assigned to carboxylic acid group disappeared completely and 
peak of amide group came out at 1670 cm.sup.-1. As a result of IR 
spectrum, the obtained modified polyolefin proved to be 
ethylene/propylene/1,4-hexadiene/the functional unit represented by the 
following formula copolymer (melt index: 1.0 g/10 min). 
##STR11## 
EXAMPLE 9-10 
Nylon 6/66 copolymers were prepared by melt-polymerization of a mixture 
consisting of .epsilon.-caprolactam and hexamethylenediamine/adipic acid 
salt at a ratio described in Table 3. These nylon 6/66 and the modified 
polyolefin prepared by the method of Example C were mixed at a ratio 
described in Table 3 and the resulting mixture was melt-kneaded at 
280.degree. C. using a extruder and pelletized. The resulting pellets were 
injection-molded at cylinder temperature of 260.degree. C. and mold 
temperature of 60.degree. C. to give test-pieces and to evaluate fluidity. 
Mechanical properties of these test-pieces were measured and the obtained 
results were summarized in Table 3. 
COMATIVE EXAMPLE 4 
A copolymer consisting of 70 mole % of ethylene, 15 mole % of propylene, 14 
mole % of 1,4-hexadiene and 1 mole % of vinylpyrrolidone and having melt 
index of 1.0 g/10 min. was prepared. 
80% by weight of nylon 6/66:85/15 employed in Example 9 and 20% by weight 
of the ethylene/propylene/1,4-hexadiene/vinylpyrrolidone copolymer were 
mixed, kneaded and molded to yield test-pieces. Izod impact strength of 
test-pieces was 8 kg.cm/cm notch, whose toughness was practically 
insufficient. 
EXAMPLE 11-31 
According to the methods described in Example 1-8, but varying the kind and 
amount of polyamide and modified polyolefin, the composition was prepared 
and the test-pieces were molded. The properties of the molded test-pieces 
were summarized in Table 4. In each case, test-pieces showed excellent 
toughness, flexibility and heat resistance. 
EXAMPLE D 
(Preparation of a modified polyolefin M) 
100 parts by weight of ethylene/propylene copolymer consisting of 80 mole % 
of ethylene and 20 mole % of propylene, 0.1 parts by weight of 
di-t-butylperoxide and 1.0 part by weight of maleic anhydride were mixed 
and the mixture was melt-kneaded at 200.degree. C. using 40 mm.phi. 
extruder to yield pellets whereby a polyolefin modified with maleic 
anhydride by graft reaction was obtained. The obtained pellets proved to 
have 0.52 wt % of maleic anhydride by IR analysis 
##STR12## 
after extraction of unreacted maleic anhydride therefrom by acetone. 
100 parts by weight of the ethylene/propylene-g-maleic anhydride copolymer 
and 2 parts by weight of cyclohexylamine were mixed and the mixture was 
kneaded at 190.degree. C. for 5 minutes using a Bumbury mixer to yield 
modified polyolefin pellets. After extraction of unreacted cyclohexylamine 
from the pellets by ethanol, IR analysis was carried out and it was found 
that signals at 1820 cm.sup.-1 and 1760 cm.sup.-1 assigned to acid 
anhydride group disappeared completely and peak of imide group having 
five-membered ring came out at 1710 cm.sup.-1. As a result of IR spectrum, 
the obtained modified polyolefin proved to be ethylene/propylene copolymer 
having 0.18 mole % of the functional group represented by the following 
formula in the side chain. Melt index of the modified polyolefin was 0.6 
g/10 min. 
##STR13## 
EXAMPLE 32-35 
Nylon 6 having relative viscosity of 2.70 was prepared by 
melt-polymerization of .epsilon.-caprolactam at 260.degree. C. This nylon 
6 and the modified polyolefin prepared according to the method of Example 
D were mixed at a ratio described in Table 5 and the mixture was 
melt-kneaded at 270.degree. C. using a 65 mm.phi. extruder to yield 
pellets. The pellets were injection-molded at cylinder temperature of 
250.degree. C. and mold temperature of 80.degree. C. to give test-pieces 
and to evaluate fluidity. Mechanical properties of these test-pieces were 
measured and the obtained results were summarized in Table 5. 
EXAMPLE E 
(Preparation of a modified polyolefin N) 
A reaction of maleic anhydride and cyclohexylamine was carried out in 
N,N-dimethylformamide at 30.degree. C. to yield maleamic acid and then 
ring closure of maleamic acid was made in the presence of acetic anhydride 
and pyridine at 30.degree. C. to yield a functional monomer represented by 
the following formula. 
##STR14## 
100 parts by weight of ethylene/propylene copolymer consisting of 80 mole % 
of ethylene and 20 mole % of propylene, 0.1 parts by weight of 
.alpha.,.alpha.'-bis-t-butylperoxy-p-diisopropylbenzene and 1.0 part by 
weight of the above-described maleimide derivatives were mixed and then 
the mixture was kneaded at 220.degree. C. using a 40 mm.phi. extruder to 
yield a modified polyolefin pellets. After extraction of the unreacted 
functional monomer from the pellets by acetone, IR anaylsis was carried 
out and it was found that IR spectrum of this obtained modified polyolefin 
was quite same as that of Example D. Therefore, the modified polyolefin 
proved to be ethylene/propylene copolymer having the functional group 
represented by the following formula in the side chain. 
##STR15## 
EXAMPLE 36-38 
Nylon 66 having relative viscosity of 2.90 was prepared by 
melt-polymerization of equimolar salt consisting of hexamethylene diamine 
and adipic acid at 280.degree. C. This nylon 66 and the modified 
polyolefin prepared according to the method of Example E were mixed at a 
ratio described in Table 6 and the mixture was melt-kneaded at 290.degree. 
C. using a 65 mm.phi. extruder and pelletized. The obtained pellets were 
injection-molded at cylinder temperature of 275.degree. C. and mold 
temperature of 80.degree. C. to give test-pieces and to evaluate fluidity. 
Mechanical properties of these test-pieces were measured and the obtained 
results were summarized in Table 6. 
EXAMPLE 39 
100 parts by weight of the mixture consisting of 75% by weight of nylon 6 
employed in Example 32 and 25% by weight of ethylene/propylene-g-maleic 
anhydride copolymer prepared in the first step of Example D and 2 parts by 
weight of cyclohexylamine were mixed and the mixture was melt-kneaded at 
270.degree. C. using a extruder to yield pellets. The obtained pellets 
were immersed in m-cresol and nylon was dissolved off completely. IR 
spectrum of undissolved component, that is, the modified polyolefin was 
quite same as that of Example D. Therefore, it was found that a 
ethylene/propylene copolymer having the functional group represented by 
the following formula in the said chain was produced in the 
above-described procedure. 
##STR16## 
The pellets consisting of nylon 6 and modified polyolefin were molded in a 
similar manner to Example 32 to give test-pieces. Mechanical properties of 
these tese-pieces and fluidity were measured and the following results 
were obtained. 
Minimum injection pressure: 390 kg/cm.sup.2 
Tensile strength at yield: 520 kg/cm.sup.2 
Elongation at break: &gt;200% 
Flexural strength: 710 kg/cm.sup.2 
Flexural modulus: 17,500 kg/cm.sup.2 
Izod impact strength 
23.degree. C.: Non break 
0.degree. C.: 70 kg.cm/cm notch 
-20.degree. C.: 35 kg.cm/cm notch 
Heat distortion temperature: 158.degree. C. 
Surface appearance of molded articles: Excellent 
EXAMPLE F 
(Preparation of a modified polyolefin O) 
100 parts by weight of a copolymer consisting of 70 mole % of ethylene, 15 
mole % of propylene, 14 mole % of 1,4-hexadiene and 1 mole % of acrylic 
acid and 3.4 parts by weight of N-methylbenzylamine were mixed and the 
mixture was kneaded at 180.degree. C. for 10 minutes using a roll-mill to 
yield a modified polyolefin pellets. After extraction of unreacted 
N-methylbenzylamine from the pellets by ethanol, IR analysis was carried 
out and it was found that signal at 1710 cm.sup.-1 assigned to carboxylic 
acid group disappeared completely and peak of amide group came out at 1670 
cm.sup.-1. As a result of IR spectrum, the obtained modified polyolefin 
proved to be ethylene/propylene/1,4-hexadiene/the functional unit 
represented by the following formula copolymer (melt index: 1.6 g/10 min). 
##STR17## 
EXAMPLE 40-41 
Nylon 6/66 copolymers were prepared by melt-polymerization of a mixture 
consisting of .epsilon.-caprolactam and hexamethylenediamine/adipic acid 
salt at a ratio described in Table 7. These nylon 6/66 and the modified 
polyolefin prepared according to the method of Example F were mixed at a 
ratio described in Table 7 and the mixture was melt-kneaded at 280.degree. 
C. using a extruder to yield pellets. The obtained pellets were 
injection-molded at cylinder temperature of 260.degree. C. and mold 
temperature of 60.degree. C. to give test-pieces and to evaluate fluidity. 
Mechanical properties of these test-pieces were measured and the obtained 
results were summarized in Table 7. 
EXAMPLE G 
(Preparation of a modified polyolefin P) 
100 parts by weight of a copolymer consisting of 90 mole % of ethylene, 8 
mole % of vinyl acetate and 2 mole % of glycidyl methacrylate and 4.8 
parts by weight of N-methylbenzylamine were mixed and the mixture was 
melt-kneaded at 180.degree. C. using a 40 mm.phi. extruder to yield 
pellets. After extraction of unreacted N-methylbenzylamine from the 
pellets by ethanol, IR analysis was carried out and it was found that 
signal at 1140 cm.sup.-1 assigned to glycidyl methacrylate disappeared 
completely and peak of hydroxy group came out at 3300 cm.sup.-1. As a 
result of IR spectrum, the obtained modified polyolefin proved to be 
ethylene/vinyl acetate/the functional unit represented by the following 
formula copolymer (melt index: 5.0 g/10 min). 
##STR18## 
EXAMPLE 42-43 
Nylon 6 and the modified polyolefin prepared by the method of Example G 
were mixed at a ratio described in Table 8 and the mixture was 
melt-kneaded using a extruder to yield pellets. The obtained pellets were 
injection-molded to give test-pieces and to evaluate fluidity. Mechanical 
properties of these test-pieces were measured and the obtained results 
were summarized in Table 8. 
EXAMPLE 44-64 
According to the method described in Example 32-39, but varying the kind 
and amount of polyamide and modified polyolefin, the composition was 
prepared and the test-pieces were molded. The properties of the molded 
test-pieces were summarized in Table 9. In each case, test-pieces showed 
excellent toughness, flexibility and heat resistance. 
TABLE 1 
______________________________________ 
Example 1 2 3 4 
______________________________________ 
Composition 
Nylon 6 (wt %) 80 60 40 20 
Modified polyolefin A (wt %) 
20 40 60 80 
Minimum injection 
320 370 400 350 
pressure (kg/cm.sup.2) 
Tensile strength 570 440 260 170 
at yield (kg/cm.sup.2) 
Elongation at break (%) 
&gt;200 &gt;200 &gt;200 &gt;200 
Flexural strength (kg/cm.sup.2) 
750 600 340 210 
Flexural modulus (kg/cm.sup.2) 
19,200 14,000 8,000 3,100 
Izod impact strength 
23.degree. C. (kg .multidot. cm/cm notch) 
75 Non Non Non 
Break Break Break 
0.degree. C. (kg .multidot. cm/cm notch) 
60 Non Non Non 
Break Break Break 
-20.degree. C. (kg .multidot. cm/cm notch) 
22 Non Non Non 
Break Break Break 
Heat distortion 160 155 120 104 
temperature (.degree.C.) 
(load 4.64 kg/cm.sup.2) 
Surface appearance of 
Excell- Excell- Excell- 
Excell- 
molded article ent ent ent ent 
______________________________________ 
TABLE 2 
______________________________________ 
Example 5 6 7 
______________________________________ 
Composition 
Nylon 66 (wt %) 75 60 30 
Modified polyolefin B (wt %) 
25 40 70 
Minimum injection 330 380 370 
pressure (kg/cm.sup.2) 
Tensile strength 560 450 240 
at yield (kg/cm.sup.2) 
Elongation at break (%) 
&gt;200 &gt;200 &gt;200 
Flexural strength (kg/cm.sup.2) 
730 620 310 
Flexural modulus (kg/cm.sup.2) 
18,800 14,600 7,200 
Izod impact strength 
23.degree. C. (kg .multidot. cm/cm notch) 
Non Non Non 
Break Break Break 
0.degree. C. (kg .multidot. cm/cm notch) 
63 Non Non 
Break Break 
-20.degree. C. (kg .multidot. cm/cm notch) 
24 Non Non 
Break Break 
Heat distortion 163 158 110 
temperature (.degree.C.) 
(load 4.64 kg/cm.sup.2) 
Surface appearance of 
Excellent 
Excellent 
Excellent 
molded article 
______________________________________ 
TABLE 3 
______________________________________ 
Example 9 10 
______________________________________ 
Nylon 6/66 copolymer (wt %) 
85/15 20/80 
Relative viscosity 3.40 2.50 
Composition 
Nylon 6/66 (wt %) 80 70 
Modified polyolefin C (wt %) 
20 30 
Minimum injection 400 280 
pressure (kg/cm.sup.2) 
Tensile strength 550 530 
at yield (kg/cm.sup.2) 
Flexural strength (kg/cm.sup.2) 
710 700 
Flexural modulus (kg/cm.sup.2) 
18,800 18,200 
Izod impact strength 
23.degree. C. (kg .multidot. cm/cm notch) 
Non Break Non Break 
0.degree. C. (kg .multidot. cm/cm notch) 
Non Break Non Break 
-20.degree. C. (kg .multidot. cm/cm notch) 
30 25 
Heat distortion 151 157 
temperature (.degree.C.) 
(load 4.64 kg/cm.sup.2) 
Surface appearance of 
Excellent Excellent 
molded article 
______________________________________ 
TABLE 4 
______________________________________ 
Example 11 12 13 14 
______________________________________ 
Polyamide.sup.a 
Kind 610 11 12 46 
Relative viscosity 
2.70 2.20 2.35 3.80 
Content (wt %) 60 70 70 75 
Modified polyolefin.sup.b 
Kind [A] [A] [A] [A] 
Melt index (g/10 min) 
0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 
Content (wt %) 40 30 30 25 
Injection Molding 
Cylinder temperature (.degree.C.) 
250 240 250 320 
Minimum injection 
410 350 420 300 
pressure (kg/cm.sup.2) 
Tensile strength 
410 420 420 580 
at yield (kg/cm.sup.2) 
Flexural strength (kg/cm.sup.2) 
550 520 510 780 
Flexural modulus (kg/cm.sup.2) 
14,000 11,200 11,400 
20,800 
Izod impact strength 
23.degree. C. (kg .multidot. cm/cm notch) 
Non Non Non 90 
Break Break Break 
-20.degree. C. (kg .multidot. cm/cm notch) 
Non Non Non 20 
Break Break Break 
Heat distortion 147 140 140 245 
temperature (.degree.C.) 
(load 4.64 kg/cm.sup.2) 
Surface appearance of 
Excell- Excell- Excell- 
Excell- 
molded article ent ent ent ent 
______________________________________ 
Example 15 16 17 18 
______________________________________ 
Polyamide.sup.a 
Kind 116 6/12 6/66 MXD6 
Relative viscosity 
2.60 4.30 2.90 2.40 
Content (wt %) 40 30 70 70 
Modified polyolefin.sup.b 
Kind [C] [C] [C] [D] 
Melt index (g/10 min) 
1.0 1.0 1.0 0.1 
Content (wt %) 60 70 30 30 
Injection Molding 
Cylinder temperature (.degree.C.) 
250 280 280 260 
Minimum injection 
360 380 290 300 
pressure (kg/cm.sup.2) 
Tensile strength 
260 210 510 610 
at yield (kg/cm.sup.2) 
Flexural strength (kg/cm.sup.2) 
320 280 690 740 
Flexural modulus (kg/cm.sup.2) 
7,800 6,700 18,000 
21,000 
Izod impact strength 
23.degree. C. (kg .multidot. cm/cm notch) 
Non Non Non 70 
Break Break Break 
-20.degree. C. (kg .multidot. cm/cm notch) 
Non Non 31 19 
Break Break 
Heat distortion 118 90 160 180 
temperature (.degree.C.) 
(load 4.64 kg/cm.sup.2) 
Surface appearance of 
Excell- Excell- Excell- 
Excell- 
molded article ent ent ent ent 
______________________________________ 
Example 19 20 21 22 
______________________________________ 
Polyamide.sup.a 
Kind 6/6T M12 11T 11T(H) 
Relative viscosity 
2.70 2.25 2.30 2.35 
Content (wt %) 40 75 60 70 
Modified polyolefin.sup.b 
Kind [D] [E] [E] [F] 
Melt index (g/10 min) 
0.1 7.2 7.2 2.8 
Content (wt %) 60 25 40 30 
Injection Molding 
Cylinder temperature (.degree.C.) 
260 310 320 320 
Minimum injection 
350 320 350 340 
pressure (kg/cm.sup.2) 
Tensile strength 
350 600 580 600 
at yield (kg/cm.sup.2) 
Flexural strength (kg/cm.sup.2) 
400 720 700 710 
Flexural modulus (kg/cm.sup.2) 
9,300 18,200 18,000 
18,000 
Izod impact strength 
23.degree. C. (kg .multidot. cm/cm notch) 
Non 73 Non 80 
Break Break 
-20.degree. C. (kg .multidot. cm/cm notch) 
Non 18 20 18 
Break 
Heat distortion 125 250 250 253 
temperature (.degree.C.) 
(load 4.64 kg/cm.sup.2) 
Surface appearance of 
Excell- Excell- Excell- 
Excell- 
molded article ent ent ent ent 
______________________________________ 
Example 23 24 25 26 
______________________________________ 
Polyamide.sup.a 
Kind TMDT 6I/ 6 66 
MI 
Relative viscosity 
2.55 2.10 2.95 2.70 
Content (wt %) 70 75 60 50 
Modified polyolefin.sup.b 
Kind [F] [G] [H] [H] 
Melt index (g/10 min) 
2.8 15 5.0 5.0 
Content (wt %) 30 25 40 50 
Injection Molding 
Cylinder temperature (.degree.C.) 
290 250 260 280 
Minimum injection 
400 370 280 300 
pressure (kg/cm.sup.2) 
Tensile strength 
610 570 580 590 
at yield (kg/cm.sup.2) 
Flexural strength (kg/cm.sup.2) 
700 700 700 700 
Flexural modulus (kg/cm.sup.2) 
21,100 19,400 21,000 
21,200 
Izod impact strength 
23.degree. C. (kg .multidot. cm/cm notch) 
60 75 15 16 
-20.degree. C. (kg .multidot. cm/cm notch) 
15 16 6 8 
Heat distortion 140 110 170 175 
temperature (.degree.C.) 
(load 4.64 kg/cm.sup.2) 
Surface appearance of 
Excell- Excell- Excell- 
Excell- 
molded article ent ent ent ent 
______________________________________ 
Example 27 28 29 30 31 
______________________________________ 
Polyamide.sup.a 
Kind 6 66 6 6 6 
Relative viscosity 
3.10 3.00 2.70 2.90 3.10 
Content (wt %) 
70 60 70 70 75 
Modified polyolefin.sup.b 
Kind [I] [I] [J] [K] [L] 
Melt index (g/10 min) 
5.5 5.5 2.0 0.8 1.1 
Content (wt %) 
30 40 30 30 25 
Injection Molding 
Cylinder temperature 
260 280 260 260 270 
(.degree.C.) 
Minimum injection 
310 310 270 290 300 
pressure (kg/cm.sup.2) 
Tensile strength 
600 600 610 600 640 
at yield (kg/cm.sup.2) 
Flexural strength 
720 700 720 710 750 
(kg/cm.sup.2) 
Flexural modulus 
21,500 21,600 20,900 
20,000 
21,600 
(kg/cm.sup.2) 
Izod impact strength 
23.degree. C. 
40 45 Non Non Non 
(kg .multidot. cm/cm notch) Break Break Break 
-20.degree. C. 
10 10 20 25 20 
(kg .multidot. cm/cm notch) 
Heat distortion 
160 163 155 155 160 
temperature (.degree.C.) 
(load 4.64 kg/cm.sup.2) 
Surface appearance of 
Excell- Excell- Excell- 
Excell- 
Excell- 
molded article 
ent ent ent ent ent 
______________________________________ 
TABLE 5 
______________________________________ 
Example 32 33 34 35 
______________________________________ 
Composition 
Nylon 6 (wt %) 80 60 40 20 
Modified polyolefin M (wt %) 
20 40 60 80 
Minimum injection 
300 360 400 340 
pressure (kg/cm.sup.2) 
Tensile strength 550 410 260 180 
at yield (kg/cm.sup.2) 
Elongation at break (%) 
&gt;200 &gt;200 &gt;200 &gt;200 
Flexural strength (kg/cm.sup.2) 
740 580 330 200 
Flexural modulus (kg/cm.sup.2) 
19,000 14,000 7,800 3,000 
Izod impact strength 
23.degree. C. (kg .multidot. cm/cm notch) 
70 Non Non Non 
Break Break Break 
0.degree. C. (kg .multidot. cm/cm notch) 
54 Non Non Non 
Break Break Break 
-20.degree. C. (kg .multidot. cm/cm notch) 
20 Non Non Non 
Break Break Break 
Heat distortion 160 154 120 105 
temperature (.degree.C.) 
(load 4.64 kg/cm.sup.2) 
Surface appearance of 
Excell- Excell- Excell- 
Excell- 
molded article ent ent ent ent 
______________________________________ 
TABLE 6 
______________________________________ 
Example 36 37 38 
______________________________________ 
Composition 
Nylon 66 (wt %) 75 60 30 
Modified polyolefin N (wt %) 
25 40 70 
Minimum injection 330 360 360 
pressure (kg/cm.sup.2) 
Tensile strength 550 460 220 
at yield (kg/cm.sup.2) 
Elongation at break (%) 
&gt;200 &gt;200 &gt;200 
Flexural strength (kg/cm.sup.2) 
700 610 320 
Flexural modulus (kg/cm.sup.2) 
18,500 14,200 7,200 
Izod impact strength 
23.degree. C. (kg .multidot. cm/cm notch) 
Non Non Non 
Break Break Break 
0.degree. C. (kg .multidot. cm/cm notch) 
61 Non Non 
Break Break 
-20.degree. C. (kg .multidot. cm/cm notch) 
22 Non Non 
Break Break 
Heat distortion 162 158 110 
temperature (.degree.C.) 
(load 4.64 kg/cm.sup.2) 
Surface appearance of 
Excellent 
Excellent 
Excellent 
molded article 
______________________________________ 
TABLE 7 
______________________________________ 
Example 40 41 
______________________________________ 
Nylon 6/66 copolymer (wt %) 
85/15 20/80 
Relative viscosity 3.40 2.50 
Composition 
Nylon 6/66 (wt %) 80 70 
Modified polyolefin O (wt %) 
20 30 
Minimum injection 410 300 
pressure (kg/cm.sup.2) 
Tensile strength 550 520 
at yield (kg/cm.sup.2) 
Flexural strength (kg/cm.sup.2) 
700 700 
Flexural modulus (kg/cm.sup.2) 
18,400 18,000 
Izod impact strength 
23.degree. C. (kg .multidot. cm/cm notch) 
Non Break Non Break 
0.degree. C. (kg .multidot. cm/cm notch) 
53 62 
-20.degree. C. (kg .multidot. cm/cm notch) 
30 28 
Heat distortion 151 155 
temperature (.degree.C.) 
(load 4.64 kg/cm.sup.2) 
Surface appearance of 
Excellent Excellent 
molded article 
______________________________________ 
TABLE 8 
______________________________________ 
Example 42 43 
______________________________________ 
Relative viscosity of nylon 6 
2.75 3.35 
Composition 
Nylon 6 (wt %) 80 60 
Modified Polyolefin (wt %) 
20 40 
Injection Molding 
Cylinder temperature (.degree.C.) 
250 270 
Minimum injection 360 410 
pressure (kg/cm.sup.2) 
Tensile strength 540 400 
at yield (kg/cm.sup.2) 
Flexural strength (kg/cm.sup.2) 
700 560 
Flexural modulus (kg/cm.sup.2) 
19,800 14,600 
Izod impact strength 
23.degree. C. (kg .multidot. cm/cm notch) 
75 Non Break 
0.degree. C. (kg .multidot. cm/cm notch) 
43 Non Break 
-20.degree. C. (kg .multidot. cm/cm notch) 
22 Non Break 
Heat distortion 160 152 
temperature (.degree.C.) 
Surface appearance of 
Excellent Excellent 
molded article 
______________________________________ 
TABLE 9 
______________________________________ 
Example 44 45 46 47 
______________________________________ 
Polyamide.sup.a 
Kind 610 11 12 46 
Relative viscosity 
2.70 2.20 2.35 3.80 
Content (wt %) 60 70 70 75 
Modified polyolefin.sup.b 
Kind [M] [M] [M] [M] 
Melt index (g/10 min) 
0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 
Content (wt %) 40 30 30 25 
Injection Molding 
Cylinder temperature (.degree.C.) 
250 240 250 320 
Minimum injection 
380 340 400 300 
pressure (kg/cm.sup.2) 
Tensile strength 
430 430 420 590 
at yield (kg/cm.sup.2) 
Flexural strength (kg/cm.sup.2) 
560 550 540 780 
Flexural modulus (kg/cm.sup.2) 
14,400 12,100 11,800 
21,000 
Izod impact strength 
23.degree. C. (kg .multidot. cm/cm notch) 
Non Non Non 90 
Break Break Break 
-20.degree. C. (kg .multidot. cm/cm notch) 
Non 63 Non 20 
Break Break 
Heat distortion 146 141 140 245 
temperature (.degree.C.) 
(load 4.64 kg/cm.sup.2) 
Surface appearance of 
Excell- Excell- Excell- 
Excell- 
molded article ent ent ent ent 
______________________________________ 
Example 48 49 50 51 
______________________________________ 
Polyamide.sup.a 
Kind 116 6/12 6/66 MXD6 
Relative viscosity 
2.60 4.30 2.90 2.40 
Content (wt %) 40 30 70 70 
Modified polyolefin.sup.b 
Kind [O] [O] [O] [Q] 
Melt index (g/10 min) 
1.6 1.6 1.6 0.2 
Content (wt %) 60 70 30 30 
Injection Molding 
Cylinder temperature (.degree.C.) 
250 280 280 260 
Minimum injection 
330 360 290 300 
pressure (kg/cm.sup.2) 
Tensile strength 
260 220 520 600 
at yield (kg/cm.sup.2) 
Flexural strength (kg/cm.sup.2) 
300 280 700 740 
Flexural modulus (kg/cm.sup.2) 
7,500 6,700 18,200 
21,200 
Izod impact strength 
23.degree. C. (kg .multidot. cm/cm notch) 
Non Non Non 72 
Break Break Break 
-20.degree. C. (kg .multidot. cm/cm notch) 
Non Non 30 19 
Break Break 
Heat distortion 115 91 162 182 
temperature (.degree.C.) 
(load 4.64 kg/cm.sup.2) 
Surface appearance of 
Excell- Excell- Excell- 
Excell- 
molded article ent ent ent ent 
______________________________________ 
Example 52 53 54 55 
______________________________________ 
Polyamide.sup.a 
Kind 6/6T M12 11T 11T(H) 
Relative viscosity 
2.70 2.25 2.30 2.35 
Content (wt %) 40 75 60 70 
Modified polyolefin.sup.b 
Kind [Q] [R] [R] [S] 
Melt index (g/10 min) 
0.2 7.0 7.0 2.5 
Content (wt %) 60 25 40 30 
Injection Molding 
Cylinder temperature (.degree.C.) 
260 310 320 320 
Minimum injection 
360 400 420 400 
pressure (kg/cm.sup.2) 
Tensile strength 
350 610 600 610 
at yield (kg/cm.sup.2) 
Flexural strength (kg/cm.sup.2) 
410 740 710 730 
Flexural modulus (kg/cm.sup.2) 
9,500 18,900 18,300 
18,500 
Izod impact strength 
23.degree. C. (kg .multidot. cm/cm notch) 
Non 70 Non 82 
Break Break 
-20.degree. C. (kg .multidot. cm/cm notch) 
Non 18 18 18 
Break 
Heat distortion 125 250 251 253 
temperature (.degree.C.) 
(load 4.64 kg/cm.sup.2) 
Surface appearance of 
Excell- Excell- Excell- 
Excell- 
molded article ent ent ent ent 
______________________________________ 
Example 56 57 58 59 
______________________________________ 
Polyamide.sup.a 
Kind TMDT 6I/ 6 66 
MI 
Relative viscosity 
2.55 2.10 2.95 2.70 
Content (wt %) 70 75 60 50 
Modified polyolefin.sup.b 
Kind [S] [T] [U] [U] 
Melt index (g/10 min) 
2.5 15 4.7 4.7 
Content (wt %) 30 25 40 50 
Injection Molding 
Cylinder temperature (.degree.C.) 
290 250 260 280 
Minimum injection 
450 300 300 310 
pressure (kg/cm.sup.2) 
Tensile strength 
610 580 590 580 
at yield (kg/cm.sup.2) 
Flexural strength (kg/cm.sup.2) 
700 700 710 710 
Flexural modulus (kg/cm.sup.2) 
21,000 19,500 21,200 
21,300 
Izod impact strength 
23.degree. C. (kg .multidot. cm/cm notch) 
64 72 16 15 
-20.degree. C. (kg .multidot. cm/cm notch) 
15 15 6 5 
Heat distortion 141 111 170 175 
temperature (.degree.C.) 
(load 4.64 kg/cm.sup.2) 
Surface appearance of 
Excell- Excell- Excell- 
Excell- 
molded article ent ent ent ent 
______________________________________ 
Example 60 61 62 63 64 
______________________________________ 
Polyamide.sup.a 
Kind 6 66 6 6 66 
Relative viscosity 
3.10 3.00 2.70 2.90 2.85 
Content (wt %) 
70 60 70 70 70 
Modified polyolefin.sup.b 
Kind [V] [V] [W] [X] [Y] 
Melt index (g/10 min) 
5.7 5.7 2.0 0.9 0.8 
Content (wt %) 
30 40 30 30 30 
Injection Molding 
Cylinder temperature 
260 280 260 260 290 
(.degree.C.) 
Minimum injection 
300 290 290 300 310 
pressure (kg/cm.sup.2) 
Tensile strength 
610 620 610 610 610 
at yield (kg/cm.sup.2) 
Flexural strength 
750 770 730 720 750 
(kg/cm.sup.2) 
Flexural modulus 
21,700 21,700 21,000 
20,800 
21,800 
(kg/cm.sup.2) 
Izod impact strength 
23.degree. C. 
42 44 Non Non Non 
(kg .multidot. cm/cm notch) Break Break Break 
-20.degree. C. 
11 12 21 22 19 
(kg .multidot. cm/cm notch) 
Heat distortion 
160 163 154 155 165 
temperature (.degree.C.) 
(load 4.64 kg/cm.sup.2) 
Surface appearance of 
Excell- Excell- Excell- 
Excell- 
Excell- 
molded article 
ent ent ent ent ent 
______________________________________ 
(a) Polyamide 
610: polyhexamethylene sebacamide, 11: polyundecaneamide, 12: 
polydodecaneamide, 46: polytetramethyleneadipamide, 116: 
polyundecamethyleneadipamide, 6/12: poly (caproamide/dodecaneamide) 
copolymer (80/20 wt %), 6/66: polycaproamide/polyhexamethyleneadipamide 
mixture (50/50 wt %), MXD6: poly-m-xylyleneadipamide, 6/6T: poly 
(caproamide/hexamethyleneterephthalamide) copolymer (40/60 wt %), M12: 
poly-bis (4-aminocyclohexyl)methanedodecamide, 11T: 
polyundecamethylenehexahydroterephthalamide, TMDT: 
polytrimethylhexamethyleneterephthalamide, 6I/M I: poly 
(hexamethyleneisophthalamide/bis (4-aminocyclohexyl) 
methaneisophthalamide) copolymer (70/30 wt %) 
(b) Modified polyolefin 
[A]: modified polyolefin A of Example A. 
[C]: modified polyolefin C of Example C. 
[D]: modified ethylene/butene-1:85/15 (mole %) copolymer having 0.4 mole % 
of functional group represented by the following formula in the side 
chain. (prepared in a similar manner to the method of Example A) 
##STR19## 
[E]: modified ethylene/propylene/dicyclopentadiene: 70/20/10 (mole %) 
copolymer having 0.2 mole % of functional group represented by the 
following formula in the side chain. (prepared in a similar manner to the 
method of Example A) 
##STR20## 
[F]: modified polyethylene having 1.5 mole % of functional group 
represented by the following formula in the main chain. (prepared in a 
similar manner to the method of Example C) 
##STR21## 
[G]: modified ethylene/propylene/norbornadiene: 65/20/15 (mole %) copolymer 
having 0.5 mole % of functional group represented by the following formula 
in the side chain. (prepared in a similar manner to the method of Example 
B) 
##STR22## 
[H]: modified polypropylene having 0.3 mole % of functional group 
represented by the following formula in the side chain. (prepared in a 
similar manner to the method of Example A) 
##STR23## 
[I]: mixture consisting of 50 wt % of modified polymethylpentene having 0.1 
mole % of functional group represented by the following formula in the 
side chain (prepared in a similar manner to the method of Example A) and 
50 wt % of ethylene/methacrylic acid/zinc methacrylate: 90/3/7 (wt %) 
copolymer 
##STR24## 
[J]: modified ethylene/propylene: 90/10 (mole %) copolymer having 1.3 mole 
% of functional group represented by the following formula in the main 
chain. (prepared in a similar manner to the method of Example C) 
##STR25## 
[K]: modified ethylene/propylene/5-ethylidenenorbornene: 80/13/7 (mole %) 
copolymer having 0.6 mole % of functional group represented by the 
following formula in the side chain. (prepared in a similar manner to the 
method of Example A) 
##STR26## 
[L]: modified ethylene/propylene: 75/25 (mole %) copolymer having 0.5 mole 
% of functional group represented by the following formula in the side 
chain. (prepared in a similar manner to the method of Example A) 
##STR27## 
[M]: modified polyolefin of Example D 
[O]: modified polyolefin of Example F 
[Q]: modified ethylene/butene-1:85/15 (mole %) copolymer having 0.4 mole % 
of functional group represented by the following formula in the side 
chain. (prepared in a similar manner to the method of Example D) 
##STR28## 
[R]: modified ethylene/propylene/dicyclopentadiene: 70/20/10 (mole %) 
copolymer having 0.3 mole % of functional group represented by the 
following formula in the side chain. (prepared in a similar manner to the 
method of Example D) 
[S]: modified polyethylene having 1.7 mole % of functional group 
represented by the following formula in the main chain. (prepared in a 
similar manner to the method of Example F) 
##STR29## 
[T]: modified ethylene/propylene/norbornadiene: 65/20/15 (mole %) copolymer 
having 0.4 mole % of functional group represented by the following formula 
in the side chain. (prepared in a similar manner to the method of Example 
E) 
##STR30## 
[U]: modified polypropylene having 0.4 mole % of functional group 
represented by the following formula in the side chain. (prepared in a 
similar manner to the method of Example D) 
##STR31## 
[V]: mixture consisting of 50 wt % of modified polymethylpentene having 0.1 
mole % of functional group represented by the following formula in the 
side chain (prepared in a similar manner to the method of Example D) and 
50 wt % of ethylene/methacrylic acid/zinc methacrylate: 90/3/7 (wt %) 
copolymer 
##STR32## 
[W]: modified ethylene/propylene: 90/10 (mole %) copolymer having 1.3 mole 
% of functional group represented by the following formula in the main 
chain. (prepared in a similar manner to the method of Example F) 
##STR33## 
[X]: modified ethylene/propylene/5-ethylidenenorbornene: 80/13/7 (mole %) 
copolymer having functional group represented by the following formula in 
the side chain. (prepared in a similar manner to the method of Example D) 
##STR34## 
[Y]: modified ethylene/propylene: 80/20 (mole %) copolymer having 
functional group represented by the following formula in the side chain. 
(prepared in a similar manner to the method of Example D)