Starter bar to be used in continuous casting plants

A starter bar for continuous casting plants has a starter bar head and linked bodies immediately following the starter bar head and pivotally interlinked by hinge pins. Neighboring linked bodies are provided with recesses at their ends to be penetrated by the hinge pins. The recesses provided at the ends of at least one linked body are open in the longitudinal direction of the starter bar, and tensile-forces-accommodating connecting means are laterally provided on the starter bar to connect the hinge pins at the ends thereof with the linked body whose ends have the open recesses.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
The invention relates to a starter bar to be used in continuous casting 
plants, which starter bar has a starter bar head and linked bodies, 
immediately following the starter bar head, which linked bodies are 
pivotally interlinked by hinge pins that penetrate the engaging ends of 
neighbouring linked bodies. 
In continuous casting plants, due to operational disturbances, a 
breakthrough of the molten core through the strand skin may occur during 
casting. The danger of the occurrance of such a breakthrough of the core 
is particularly great when the plant is started, i.e. while the cast 
strand is being extracted from the mould with the help of the starter bar. 
A molten steel core flowing out in such a case welds together the starter 
bar head, as well as the first linked body immediately following the 
starter bar head, with the strand guiding rollers that define the strand 
guiding path. Repair requires a lot of time and work because access to 
these parts is poor. At first, the undamaged part of the starter bar must 
be separated from that part which has welded together with the stationary 
parts of the plant. Hitherto, this was done by destroying a linked body of 
the starter bar by a torchcutting step, whereby additional costs are 
incurred. 
There is a further problem with continuous casting plants which are 
equipped for producing cast strands of various thicknesses. With such 
plants, the same starter bar can be used for strands of various 
thicknesses within certain ranges of thickness by exchanging one starter 
bar head for another starter bar head corresponding to the respective 
casting thickness and connecting it to the linked bodies of the starter 
bar. If the difference in thickness between the new starter bar head and 
the linked bodies is very pronounced, a number of transitional linked 
bodies widening in a wedge-like manner towards the starter bar head must 
be provided. These transitional bodies must be exchanged together with the 
starter bar head when a new casting thickness is desired. 
It is known to give the hinge pins connecting the linked bodies a 
multiple-part design so as to anchor one hinge pin portion on the 
projections of a linked body and to let the ends of each hinge pin portion 
engage in grooves incorporated in the projections of the neighbouring 
linked body. There, the grooves extend at an angle to the longitudinal 
axis of the linked bodies or starter bar. By pivoting up and moving one of 
the linked bodies along the groove, it is possible to disassemble the 
starter bar into parts. With this construction, however, it is not 
possible to separate in a simple manner the linked bodies of the starter 
bar which have not welded together, from those linked bodies which have 
welded together with the plant during a breakthrough of the core. This is 
so because it is not possible to pivot up one of the linked bodies as long 
as the starter bar is in the strand guiding path. In this case also, one 
of the linked bodies must be destroyed in order to divide the starter bar. 
Also, an exchange of the starter bar head is complicated, since it must 
first be pivoted up to accomplish an exchange and thus an increased 
utilization of the hall crane is necessary. 
With a starter bar of the above-defined kind, it is furthermore known to 
design at least one linked body so as to be divided between the hinges 
connecting it with its neighbouring linked bodies, the linked-body parts 
being clamped together with laterally arranged connecting elements. Due to 
these divisible linked bodies, the starter bar can be divided without 
destroying a linked body, even if it is still in the strand guiding path. 
Since in modern curved continuous casting plants the extraction forces are 
applied by pairs of driving rollers provided in the curved portion of the 
strand guiding path, which pairs of driving rollers are adjustable to the 
strand or to the starter bar, respectively, the linked bodies are 
subjected to a bending strain when passing through such a pair of driving 
rollers. With a divisible starter bar of the kind with lateral connecting 
elements that has just been described, there results a high bending strain 
precisely at the line of division of the linked body, which means an 
unfavorable wear at this point. Thus lateral the connecting elements are 
subjected to additional wear by the forces resulting from this bending 
strain, and have to be dimensioned to withstand these additional forces. 
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
The present invention aims at avoiding the disadvantages of prior starter 
bars has as its object to provide a starter bar which can easily be 
divided transverse to its longitudinal axis into two or more parts, 
without involving great costs and amounts of work, and, in particular, 
without destroying one of the linked bodies. This object is to be 
accomplished even if it is within the strand guide and the places of 
division are to be free of bending moments. 
According to the invention, this object is achieved in that the recesses at 
the ends of two brackets forming at least one linked body are designed to 
be open in the longitudinal direction of the starter bar, and that the 
hinge pin at these ends is connected with this linked body by means of 
tensile-forces-accommodating connecting means laterally arranged on the 
starter bar. 
It is advantageous if those ends of the brackets of a neighboring linked 
body which engage with the ends having the open recesses are provided with 
closed recesses which surround the hinge pin in the longitudinal direction 
of the starter bar. 
The open recesses suitably are designed as slots whose common middle plane 
is directed parallel to the broad side of the linked body. 
Advantageously, the connecting means, in the thickness direction of the 
starter bar, are not as high as the linked bodies, so the driving rollers 
are still spaced a certain distance from the connecting means, even after 
the starter bar has been worn to a certain extent. As a result the driving 
rollers and do not subject the connecting means to a bending strain. 
According to a suitable embodiment, brackets with eyes at their ends are 
provided as connecting means, by which the two hinge pins of the linked 
body having the open recesses are interconnected. 
According to another advantageous embodiment, bolts, each having a head 
with an eye, are provided as connecting means, and thus the articulated 
connection of two interlinked bodies is adjustable and can be freed from 
play. 
Suitably, one of the two side walls of the open recess in a linked body is 
extended and, when the starter bar is straightened, contacts an abutment 
pin arranged on the neighbouring linked body, parallel to the hinge pin.

DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS 
A starter bar head 1 is connected to a chain of pivotally linked bodies 3, 
4 by means of a transitory linked body 2. Each linked body 3, 4 is formed 
by members or brackets, 5, 6 respectively, lying parallel to each other, 
the ends 7 of which engage and are interconnected by hinge pins 
penetrating them. The ends 7 of the linked body 3 neighbouring the 
transitory body 2, which may also be referred to as a linked body, and 
facing it, engage in recesses 9 of the transitory body 2, which recesses 9 
are provided between the ends 8. 
These ends 8 are also pivotally connected with the ends 7 of the brackets 5 
by means of a hinge pin 10. For accommodating the hinge pin 10, the ends 7 
of the brackets 5 are provided with bores 11, whereas the projections 8 of 
the transitory body 2 are provided with slots 12 open in the longitudinal 
direction of the same. The slots 12 have a middle plane extending in the 
longitudinal direction of the straightened starter bar and parallel to the 
broad side of the transitory body 2. The transitory body 2 furthermore is 
provided with consoles 13 at both of its narrow sides, which consoles form 
an abutment for bolts 14. Bolts 14 are each provided with an eye in their 
head for surrounding an end 15 of the hinge pin 10. These bolts may be 
tightened relative to the consoles 13 by means of a nut 16. The greatest 
dimension 17 of the bolt, taken in the direction of the thickness of the 
starter bar, is less than the thickness 18 of the starter bar, so that 
pressure forces do not act on the eye bolts when the starter bar is 
strained by driving rollers provided in a strand guiding path of a 
continuous casting plant. The pressure forces are accommodated by the ends 
7 and 8 alone. For dividing the starter bar, only the nuts 16 need be 
loosened, whereupon the starter bar head 1 together with the transitory 
body 2 can be detached from the remaining linked bodies of the starter bar 
by a movement along the longitudinal axis of the starter bar or of the 
strand guiding path, respectively. If the loosening of the nuts 16 is too 
complex or cannot be carried out because of poor access, e.g. if the 
starter bar is stuck in the strand guiding path and the starter bar head 
has welded together with the strand guiding path because of a breakthrough 
of the strand core, the eye bolts 14 can be parted by torch-cutting. In 
order to make this possible without damaging the linked bodies, the 
consoles and the hinge pins, the consoles 13 are arranged at a distance 
from the hinge pin 10. 
One of the two side walls forming the slot 12 is extended. This extension 
19 comes into contact with an abutment pin 20 arranged parallel to the 
hinge pin 10 on the linked body 3, whenever the starter bar is 
straightened. Thereby, the brackets of the linked body 3 are precisely 
aligned relative to each other and to the transitory body 2, so that 
assembly of the starter bar is facilitated. The extensions then constitute 
slide paths for guiding the hinge pin 10. Furthermore, bending of the 
starter bar beyond its straightened position is effectively avoided. 
According to the embodiment illustrated in FIGS. 3 and 4, the starter bar 
head 21--via a transitory body 22--is connected to a chain of 
interconnected linked bodies 23, 24. Each one of the linked bodies 23, 24 
is assembled of members or brackets 25 and 26', respectively, whose ends 
7, 7' overlap with the brackets of the neighbouring linked body. 
The ends 7' of the brackets of the linked body 23 are provided with open 
slots 12, whereas the ends 7 of the brackets 26' of the linked body 24 
have bores 11 penetrated by a hinge pin 26. At both sides of the starter 
bar, tensile-forces-accommodating connecting brackets 27 are provided, 
which brackets each embrace the hinge pin 26 with one of their ends and 
the hinge pin 28, provided between the linked body 23 and the transitory 
linked body 22, with the other one of their ends. The height 29 of the 
connecting brackets 27, taken in the thickness direction of the starter 
bar, is less than the height 30 of the linked bodies 23 and 24, which 
height 30 corresponds to the thickness of the starter bar. 
For better centering of the brackets 25 and the connecting brackets 27 
relative to each other when the starter bar has been separated, i.e. when 
that portion of the starter bar assembled of parts 21 to 23 has been 
separated from the remaining portion of the same, which centering is 
particularly necessary when the two portions of the starter bar are 
reassembled, the connecting brackets 27 and the brackets 25 of the linked 
body 23 are penetrated by a pin 31 that is secured in place by a peg 32. 
For separating the starter bar, the pin 31 has to be withdrawn after 
removal of the peg 32, whereupon the brackets 27 can be removed from the 
pins 26, 28. Then the starter bar head 21, the transitory body 22 and the 
linked body 23 can be drawn away from the remaining portion of the starter 
bar in the longitudinal direction of the starter bar or of the strand 
guiding path, respectively. If it is not possible to remove the pin 31, 
the brackets 27 can be parted by torch-cutting, whereby the starter bar is 
also divisible into two portions. 
The number of the divisible hinge points on a starter bar depends on the 
respective demands. Thus, if an easy exchange of individual linked bodies 
is required, the starter bar can be designed so as to be divisible at each 
of its hinge points.