Lubricant for thermoplastic resins and thermoplastic resin composition comprising said lubricant

Disclosed is a lubricant for thermoplastic resins, which is prepared by (A) polymerizing 60-100 wt. % of an aromatic vinyl monomer and 0-40 wt. % of other vinyl monomer copolymerizable therewith to form a polymer, (B) polymerizing 30-70 wt. parts of a monomer or monomer mixture comprising 50-100 wt. % of an acrylic acid ester and 0-50 wt. % of other vinyl monomer or monomers copolymerizable therewith in the presence of 10-60 wt. parts of said polymer so that when said monomer or monomer mixture is singly polymerized, the reduced viscosity of the resulting polymer is lower than 1.0, to obtain a polymer, and (C) polymerizing 5-30 wt. parts of a methacrylic acid ester in the presence of the two-stage polymer obtained at the steps (A) and (B) so that the total amount of the components (A), (B) and (C) is 100 wt. parts. A thermoplastic resin composition comprising this lubricant has an excellent mold release characteristics and lubricating property at the molding step, and a molded article prepared from the composition has a good gloss.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
1. Field of the Invention 
The present invention relates to a lubricant for thermoplastic resins, and 
a thermoplastic resin composition comprising the lubricant. This 
thermoplastic resin composition has an excellent mold release 
characteristics at the molding step and can give a good gloss to a molded 
article. 
2. Description of the Related Art 
Since thermoplastic resins have good physical and chemical characteristics, 
they are widely used as films, sheets, wall materials, interior and 
exterior materials of automobiles, household electric appliances and the 
like. However, thermoplastic resins such as a vinyl chloride polymer 
resin, an ABS resin, a styrene polymer resin, and an acrylic resin have 
problems such that various processability characteristics are poor. As 
means for eliminating this defect, there has been adopted a method in 
which a thermal stabilizer, a processing aid such as a copolymer composed 
mainly of methyl methacrylate, a plasticizer, a mold release agent, a 
lubricant and the like are incorporated. However, this method cannot 
become a general solution of the problem. 
Accordingly, various research and development has been carried out to solve 
the above problem, and vinyl chloride polymer resin compositions as 
disclosed in Japanese Examined Patent Publications Nos. 52-781, 52-3668 
and 50-23067 have been proposed. 
In the above-mentioned compositions, the inherent transparency of a vinyl 
chloride polymer resin is retained, the moldability such as drawdown, the 
flowability at the molding step, and the elongation at a high temperature 
are improved, and lubricating properties such as releasing from the roll 
surface at the calendering step can be maintained for a long time. 
However, in order to improve the productivity and quality, and from the 
energy-saving viewpoint, it is desirable to develop a processing aid 
capable of giving a durable lubricating property to a vinyl chloride 
polymer resin at the processing step, and this desire is not sufficiently 
satisfied in the above-mentioned compositions. Moreover, an increase of 
substances adhering to molds (plateout) is observed under some molding and 
processing conditions. Accordingly, the above-mentioned compositions fail 
to sufficiently satisfy commercial requirements. 
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
A primary object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned 
problem. Namely, the present invention is to provide a lubricant for 
thermoplastic resins, characterized in that the thermoplastic resin 
composition containing this lubricant has excellent mold release 
characteristics at the molding step and gives good surface characteristics 
to a molded article. 
In accordance with the present invention, there is provided a lubricant for 
thermoplastic resins, which is prepared by (A) polymerizing 60 to 100% by 
weight of an aromatic vinyl monomer and 0 to 40% by weight of other vinyl 
monomer or monomers copolymerizable therewith to form a polymer, (B) 
polymerizing 30 to 70 parts by weight of a monomer or monomer mixture 
comprising 50 to 100% by weight of an acrylic acid ester and 0 to 50% by 
weight of other vinyl monomer or monomers copolymerizable therewith in the 
presence of 10 to 60 parts by weight of said polymer wherein when said 
monomer or monomer mixture is polymerized alone, the reduced viscosity 
.eta.sp/C of the resulting polymer is lower than 1.0 as measured at 
25.degree. C. with respect to a solution of 0.1 g of the polymer in 100 ml 
of chloroform, to obtain a polymer, and (C) polymerizing 5 to 30 parts by 
weight of a methacrylic acid ester in the presence of the two-stage 
polymer obtained at the steps (A) and (B) so that the total amount of the 
components (A), (B) and (C) is 100 parts by weight. 
Furthermore, in accordance with the present invention, there is provided a 
thermoplastic resin composition comprising 100 parts by weight of a 
thermoplastic resin and 0.05 to 10 parts by weight of the above-mentioned 
lubricant. 
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS 
As the thermoplastic resin for which the lubricant of the present invention 
is used, there can be mentioned a vinyl chloride polymer resin (such as a 
polyvinyl chloride resin or a chlorinated vinyl chloride polymer resin), 
an ABS resin, a styrene polymer resin, a methacrylate polymer resin, and a 
polyethylene resin. 
The lubricant of the present invention is a polymer of a three-layer 
structure, which is obtained by polymerizing the above-mentioned monomer 
components (A), (B) and (C) in sequence. A styrene polymer and a 
methacrylate polymer are arranged on the inner and outer sides, 
respectively, of the polymer of the component (B) imparting a lubricating 
property to a thermoplastic resin, and the lubricant has a so-called 
sandwiched structure in which the kneading compatibility with a 
thermoplastic resin is improved. 
The component (A) is an aromatic vinyl homopolymer or an aromatic vinyl 
copolymer comprising up to 40% by weight of other vinyl monomer or 
monomers copolymerizable with an aromatic vinyl monomer. As the aromatic 
vinyl monomer, there may be used styrene, .alpha.-methylstyrene and the 
like singly or in combination. The other vinyl monomer to be copolymerized 
with the aromatic vinyl monomer is not particularly critical, and an 
appropriate monomer is used according to the intended object. For example, 
there can be used vinyl cyanide compounds, vinyl esters, acrylic acid 
esters and methacrylic acid esters. 
These other monomers may be used singly or in the form of mixtures of two 
or more thereof. If the amount of the other monomer exceeds 40% by weight, 
the transparency is degraded and the long-period durability of the 
lubricating property are drastically reduced. For the component (A), 
polyfunctional monomers such as divinylbenzene and allyl methacrylate may 
be used in addition to the above-mentioned monomers. Furthermore, a chain 
transfer agent such as n-octylmercaptan may be used. The amount of the 
polyfunctional monomer or chain transfer agent used is preferably up to 
2.0% by weight. 
The amount of the component (A) incorporated in the lubricant of the 
present invention is 10 to 60 parts by weight, preferably 20 to 50 parts 
by weight, per 100 parts by weight of the sum of the components (A), (B) 
and (C). If the amount of the component (A) is larger than 60 parts by 
weight, the lubricating property is degraded, and if the amount of the 
component (A) is smaller than 10 parts by weight, the processability is 
reduced and the durability of the lubricating property is degraded. 
The component (B) is a homopolymer of an acrylic acid ester or a copolymer 
of an acrylic acid ester with up to 50% by weight of other vinyl monomer 
copolymerizable therewith. As the acrylic acid ester, there can be 
mentioned, for example, ethyl acrylate, butyl acrylate, benzyl acrylate, 
2-ethylhexyl acrylate, cyclohexyl acrylate and phenyl acrylate. As the 
other copolymerizable monomer, there can be mentioned methacrylic acid 
esters, other acrylic acid esters, and aromatic vinyl monomers such as 
styrene and .alpha.-methylstyrene. If the amount of the other 
copolymerizable vinyl monomer exceeds 50% by weight, the intended 
long-period durability of the lubricating property is difficult to obtain. 
In order to impart a good lubricating effect to a thermoplastic resin, it 
is preferred that a monomer or monomer mixture giving a polymer having a 
low glass transition temperature be used as the component (B). In order to 
further enhance the lubricating effect, it is preferred that the molecular 
weight be reduced by using a chain transfer agent such as 
n-octylmercaptan. It is indispensable that the polymerization should be 
carried out so that when the component (B) is polymerized alone, the 
reduced viscosity of the obtained polymer is lower than 1.0 as measured at 
25.degree. C. with respect to a solution of 0.1 g of the polymer in 100 ml 
of chloroform. More specifically, the polymerization is carried out by 
adjusting the amount of the chain transfer agent or catalyst used and the 
polymerization temperature. 
The amount of the component (B) incorporated in the lubricant is 30 to 70 
parts by weight, preferably 35 to 70 parts by weight, per 100 parts by 
weight of the sum of the components (A), (B) and (C). If the amount of the 
component (B) is smaller than 30 parts by weight, the lubricating property 
is degraded, and if the amount of the component (B) is larger than 70 
parts by weight, the surface characteristics such as gloss are degraded. 
The component (C) is a polymer of a methacrylic acid ester. As the 
methacrylic acid ester, there can be mentioned methyl methacrylate, ethyl 
methacrylate and butyl methacrylate, and methyl methacrylate is preferred. 
The reason is that methyl methacrylate is effective for improving the 
mixing-kneadability with a thermoplastic resin and giving a good secondary 
processability to the thermoplastic resin. 
The amount of the component (C) incorporated in the lubricant is 5 to 30 
parts by weight, preferably 5 to 25 parts by weight, per 100 parts by 
weight of the sum of the components (A), (B) and (C). If the amount of the 
component (C) incorporated is smaller than 5 parts by weight, sufficient 
processability cannot be given to a thermoplatic resin, and secondary 
aggregation is easily caused at the steps of coagulating, dehydrating, and 
drying the polymer after polymerization of the component (C) and the 
productivity is degraded. If the amount incorporated of the component (C) 
is larger than 30 parts by weight, the long-term durability of the 
lubricating property is lost. 
As pointed out hereinbefore, the lubricant of the present invention is a 
polymer having a three-layer structure. This structure can be easily 
obtained by adding and polymerizing the monomers of the components (A), 
(B) and (C) in sequence. As the polymerization method, there can be 
mentioned emulsion polymerization, suspension polymerization and bulk 
polymerization, and emulsion polymerization is especially preferred. In 
the emulsion polymerization method, in order to form a three-layer 
structure, it is preferred that at the second and subsequent 
polymerization stages, the polymerization be advanced without addition of 
a fresh emulsifier, and formation of homopolymers of the components (B) 
and (C) be substantially controlled. Any known emulsifier may be used. For 
example, an ordinary surface active agent may be used. If the pH value of 
the polymerization mixture is turned to the alkaline side according to the 
kind of the emulsifier used, an appropriate pH adjusting agent may be used 
so as to prevent hydrolysis. As the pH adjusting agent, there may be used 
boric acid-potassium chloride-sodium hydroxide, potassium 
dihydrogenphosphate-disodium hydrogenphosphate, boric acid-potassium 
chloride-sodium carbonate, boric acid-sodium carbonate, potassium 
hydrogencitrate-citric acid, potassium dihydrogenphosphate-borax, and 
disodium hydrogenphosphatecitric acid. Any water-soluble and oil-soluble 
single polymerization initiator and redox polymerization initiator may be 
used. For example, an ordinary water-soluble inorganic initiator such as a 
persulfate is singly used, or a redox type initiator comprising a 
persulfate or the like and a sulfite, a hydrogensulfite or a thiosulfate 
is used. Moreover, a redox type initiator such as organic 
hydroperoxide-sodium formaldehydesulfoxylate, or an azo compound may be 
used. 
As pointed out hereinbefore, in order to impart an excellent durability of 
the lubricating property to the lubricant of the present invention, it is 
important that the molecular weight of the polymer of the component (B) 
should be maintained at a very low level, that is, the reduced viscosity 
(.eta.sp/C) should be lower than 1.0, preferably 0.3 to 0.8. If the 
reduced viscosity is not lower than 1.0, the lubricating effect is 
degraded. 
Even if the reduced viscosity of the component (C) is not particularly 
controlled, the effects of the present invention are sufficiently 
attained. The reduced viscosity of the polymer may be adjusted according 
to customary procedures depending on such factors as the kind of chain 
transfer agent and the polymerization temperature. 
The thermoplastic resin composition of the present invention comprises 100 
parts by weight of a thermoplastic resin and 0.05 to 10 parts by weight of 
the above-mentioned lubricant. Mixing of the lubricant with the 
thermoplastic resin may be performed according to customary methods. For 
example, there may be adopted a method in which powders or pellets of the 
lubricant and thermoplastic resin are mixed by a melt extruder or a mixing 
roll, and a method in which a dispersion of the thermoplastic resin 
obtained by suspension polymerization or emulsion polymerization is mixed 
with a polymer latex of the lubricant obtained according to the present 
invention, and the mixture is subjected to acid precipitation or salt 
precipitation. 
According to need, various additives may be added to the thermoplastic 
resin composition of the present invention. For example, there may be used 
stabilizers such as organic tin compounds, metal soaps of the lead, barium 
and zinc types an epoxy compounds, lubricants such as stearic acid, ester 
wax, paraffin wax and stearyl alcohol, plasticizers such as phthalic acid 
esters, phosphoric acid esters, fatty acid esters and epoxy compounds, 
impact resistance improvers such as MBS and ABS, colorants such as carbon 
black and titanium oxide, fillers such as calcium carbonate and asbestos, 
inorganic blowing agents such as ammonia carbonate and sodium bicarbonate, 
and organic blowing agents such as nitro type blowing agents, 
sulfohydrazide blowing agents, and azo type blowing agents.

The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the 
following examples and comparative examples. In these examples, all of 
"parts" are by weight. 
Examples 1 through 3 
A reaction vessel equipped with a stirrer and a reflux cooler was charged 
with 280 parts of deionized water, 1.5 parts of sodium 
dioctylsulfosuccinate, 2.0 parts of ammonium persulfate, 0.005 part of 
n-octylmercaptan and a component (A) shown in Table 1, and the inner 
atmosphere was replaced by nitrogen. The temperature in the reaction 
vessel was elevated to 65.degree. C. with stirring and the mixture was 
stirred at this temperature for 2 hours. Then, a mixture of 40 parts of 
n-butyl acrylate as the component (B) and 0.5 part of n-octylmercaptan was 
dropped to the reaction mixture over a period of 1 hour, and after 
completion of the dropwise addition, the mixture was stirred for 2 hours. 
Then, a mixture of a component (C) shown in Table 1 and 0.002 part of 
n-octylmercaptan was added to the reaction mixture over a period of 30 
minutes, and the resulting mixture was stirred for 2 hours to complete the 
polymerization. The obtained emulsion was cooled and subjected to salt 
precipitation using aluminum chloride, followed by filtration, washing and 
drying, whereby a polymer was obtained. 
An appropriate amount of the obtained polymer was mixed with 100 parts of a 
polyvinyl chloride resin (having an average polymerization degree of 700), 
2.0 parts of dibutyltin mercaptide, 1.0 part of an epoxy type assistant, 
0.5 part of dibutyltin maleate, and 0.3 part of a lubricant by a Henschel 
mixer to obtain a polyvinyl chloride resin composition. 
The monomers of the components (A) through (C) are collectively shown in 
Table 1. 
In order to demonstrate prominent effects of the present invention, the 
following evaluation tests were carried out (the same evaluation tests 
were conducted in the subsequent examples and comparative examples). The 
obtained results are shown in Table 1. 
1 Roll Lubricating Property 
Two 6-inch rolls maintained at kneading temperatures of 200.degree. C. and 
195.degree. C., respectively, were used with a roll gap of 1 mm, and 100 g 
of a sample was kneaded for 5 minutes and the release characteristics from 
the roll surface was evaluated. The evaluation was made according to the 
5-point method, in which "5" indicates the highest release characteristics 
and "1" indicates the lowest release characteristics. A value closer to 5 
shows a better lubricating property. Note, "phr" in Table 1 represents the 
amount (parts) per 100 parts of the thermoplastic resin (polyvinyl 
chloride resin). 
2. Stickiness 
According to the same recipe as used in the roll lubricating property test, 
100 g of a sample [1.0 phr of the polymer was added to the thermoplastic 
resin (polyvinyl chloride resin)]and was kneaded by rolls maintained at 
kneading temperatures of 205.degree. C. and 200.degree. C., respectively, 
with a roll gap of 1 mm, and kneading was conducted until the sheet did 
not release from but kept sticking to the roll surface, and this kneading 
time was measured. The longer times indicate a better durability of the 
lubricating property at a high temperature. 
3. Ungelled Substance and Plateout 
According to the same recipe as used in the roll lubricating property test, 
a sample was prepared by adding 2.0 phr of the polymer to the 
thermoplastic resin (polyvinyl chloride resin) and was kneaded by rolls 
maintained at kneading temperatures of 180.degree. C. and 175.degree. C., 
respectively, for 5 minutes to obtain a sheet having a thickness of 0.3 
mm. The presence of an ungelled substance was checked, and occurrence of 
plateout on the roll surface was checked based on the presence or absence 
of a substance adhering to the roll surface. 
4. Transparency 
According to the same recipe as used in the roll lubricating property test, 
a sample was prepared by adding 0.5 phr of the polymer to the 
thermoplastic resin (polyvinyl chloride resin) and kneaded for 5 minutes, 
and the kneaded sample was compressed at 185.degree. C. to form a press 
plate having a thickness of 2 mm. The transparency was determined 
according to the method of JIS 6714 using an integration ball type haze 
meter. 
5. Gloss 
Under the same temperature conditions as adopted in the roll lubricating 
property test, 0.5 phr of the polymer was kneaded with the polyvinyl 
chloride resin or another resin for 5 minutes, and the kneaded sample was 
compressed at 185.degree. C. to form a press plate having a thickness of 2 
mm. The gloss was evaluated by visual assessment according to the 
following scale. 
A: very good 
B: good 
C: bad 
COMATIVE EXAMPLE 1 
As shown in Table 1, the component (B) used in Example 1 was first 
polymerized, and 50 parts of methyl methacrylate as the component (C) and 
0.002 part of n-octylmercaptan were added and polymerized. Then, a polymer 
[two-stage polymer free of the component (A)] was obtained in the same 
manner as described in Example 1. 
An appropriate amount of the obtained polymer was mixed with 100 parts of a 
polyvinyl chloride resin (having an average degree of 700), 2.0 parts of 
dibutyltin mercaptide, 1.0 part of an epoxy type assistant, 0.5 part of 
dibutyltin maleate, and 0.3 part of a lubricant by a Henschel mixer. The 
evaluation tests of the resulting polyvinyl chloride resin composition 
were carried out in the same manner as described in Example 1. The 
obtained results are shown in Table 1. 
COMATIVE EXAMPLE 2 
The same reaction vessel as used in Example 1 was charged with a mixture 
comprising 280 parts of deionized water, 1.5 parts of sodium 
dioctylsulfosuccinate, 2.0 parts of ammonium persulfate, 50 parts of 
styrene as the component (A) and 0.005 part of n-octylmercaptan and the 
inner atmosphere was replaced by nitrogen. The temperature in the reaction 
vessel was elevated to 65.degree. C. with stirring, and the mixture was 
heated with stirring for 2 hours. Under the same conditions as described 
in Example 1, 50 parts of butyl acrylate as the component (B) was added 
and reacted to obtain a polymer [two-stage polymer free of the component 
(C)]. 
An appropriate amount of the obtained polymer was kneaded with a mixture 
comprising 100 parts of a polyvinyl chloride resin (having an average 
molecular weight of 700), 2.0 parts of dibutyltin mercaptide, 1.0 part of 
an epoxy type assistant, 0.5 part of dibutyltin maleate, and 0.3 part of a 
lubricant by a Henschel mixer to obtain a polyvinyl chloride resin 
composition. The results of the evaluation tests are shown in Table 1. 
COMATIVE EXAMPLE 3 
A polyvinyl chloride resin composition was prepared in the same manner as 
described in Comparative Example 1 except that the polymer of the present 
invention was not used at all. The results of the evaluation tests are 
shown in Table 1. 
TABLE 1 
__________________________________________________________________________ 
Composition (parts) of Polymer 
Component (A) 
Component (B) 
Component (C) 
Ungelled 
St 
n-osh/.eta.sp/C 
BA n-osh/.eta.sp/C 
MMA n-osh/.eta.sp/C 
Substance 
Plateout 
__________________________________________________________________________ 
Example 1 
50 
0.005/5.0 
40 0.5/0.6 
10 0.002/5.0 
slight 
none 
Example 2 
45 
0.005/5.0 
40 0.5/0.6 
15 0.002/5.0 
slight 
none 
Example 3 
40 
0.005/5.0 
40 0.5/0.6 
20 0.002/5.0 
slight 
none 
Comparative 
0 
-- 50 0.5/0.6 
50 0.002/5.0 
consider- 
none 
Example 1 able 
Comparative 
50 
0.005/5.0 
50 0.5/0.6 
0 -- slight 
none 
Example 2 
Comparative 
-- 
-- -- -- -- -- none slight 
Example 3 
__________________________________________________________________________ 
Processing Characteristics 
Transparency 
Total 
Stickiness 
Roll Lubricating 
Luminous Gloss of 
(minutes, 
Property Transmit- 
Haze 
Molded 
1.0 phr) 
0.3 phr 
0.5 phr 
1.0 phr 
tance (%) 
(%) 
Article 
__________________________________________________________________________ 
Example 1 
30 2.8 3.3 3.6 82 7.0 
A 
Example 2 
30 3.0 3.6 3.8 82 6.8 
A 
Example 3 
30 3.2 3.8 4.0 82 6.0 
A 
Comparative 
5 -- 1.0 2.0 70 29.0 
B 
Example 1 
Comparative 
15 -- -- 1.5 78 16.0 
C 
Example 2 
Comparative 
3 -- -- -- 81 8.5 
B 
Example 3 
__________________________________________________________________________ 
Note 
St: styrene 
BA: nbutyl acrylate 
MMA: methyl methacrylate 
n-osh: noctylmercaptan 
EXAMPLES 4 through 8 
Polyvinyl chloride resin compositions were prepared in the same manner as 
described in Examples 1 through 3 except that the monomers of the 
components (A) through (C) were changed as shown in Table 2. The results 
of the evaluation tests are shown in Table 2. 
COMATIVE EXAMPLES 4 through 6 
Polyvinyl chloride resin compositions were prepared in the same manner as 
described in Examples 1 through 3 except that the monomers of the 
components (A) through (C) were changed as shown in Table 2. The results 
of the evaluation tests are shown in Table 2. 
TABLE 2 
__________________________________________________________________________ 
Composition (parts) of Polymer 
Component (A) 
Component (B) 
Component (C) 
Ungelled 
St 
n-osh/.eta.sp/C 
EA n-osh/.eta.sp/C 
MMA n-osh/.eta.sp/C 
Substance 
Plateout 
__________________________________________________________________________ 
Example 4 
40 
0.05/1.0 
40 0.5/0.6 
20 0.02/2.0 
none none 
Example 5 
40 
0.005/5.0 
50 0.5/0.6 
10 0.002/5.0 
none none 
Example 6 
30 
0.005/5.0 
60 0.5/0.6 
10 0.002/5.0 
none none 
Comparative 
40 
0.005/5.0 
40 0.02/2.0 
20 0.002/5.0 
slight 
none 
Example 4 
Comparative 
70 
0.005/5.0 
10 0.5/0.6 
20 0.002/5.0 
consider- 
consid- 
Example 5 able derable 
Comparative 
40 
0.05/1.0 
40 0.5/0.6 
St 0.02/2.0 
slight 
slight 
Example 6 20 
__________________________________________________________________________ 
Processing Characteristics 
Transparency 
Total 
Stickiness 
Roll Lubricating 
Luminous Gloss of 
(minutes, 
Property Transmit- 
Haze 
Molded 
1.0 phr) 
0.3 phr 
0.5 phr 
1.0 phr 
tance (%) 
(%) 
Article 
__________________________________________________________________________ 
Example 4 
30 2.6 3.0 3.4 84 7.0 
A 
Example 5 
30 2.7 3.0 3.5 81 10.0 
A 
Example 6 
30 2.9 3.2 3.5 80 11.0 
A 
Comparative 
7 -- 1.0 1.5 82 7.6 
A 
Example 4 
Comparative 
2 -- -- 1.0 83 7.0 
A 
Example 5 
Comparative 
15 -- 1.0 1.5 80 7.2 
C 
Example 6 
__________________________________________________________________________ 
Note 
EA: ethyl acrylate 
EXAMPLES 7 through 9 
Polyvinyl chloride resin compositions were prepared in the same manner as 
described in Examples 1 through 3 except that the monomers of the 
components (A) through (C) were changed as shown in Table 3. The results 
of the evaluation tests are shown in Table 3. 
COMATIVE EXAMPLES 7 and 8 
Polyvinyl chloride resin compositions were prepared in the same manner as 
described in Examples 1 through 3 except that the monomers of the 
components (A) through (C) were changed as shown in Table 3. The results 
of the evaluation tests are shown in Table 3. 
TABLE 3 
__________________________________________________________________________ 
Composition (parts) of Polymer 
Component (A) 
Component (B) 
Component (C) 
Ungelled 
St/MMA 
n-osh/.eta.sp/C 
BA/BMA 
n-osh/.eta.sp/C 
MMA n-osh/.eta.sp/C 
Substance 
Plateout 
__________________________________________________________________________ 
Example 7 
30/10 
0.005/5.0 
40/0 0.5/0.6 
20 0.002/5.0 
none none 
Example 8 
30/10 
0.005/5.0 
30/10 0.5/0.6 
20 0.002/5.0 
none none 
Example 9 
40/0 0.005/5.0 
30/10 0.5/0.6 
20 0.002/5.0 
none none 
Comparative 
St/BMA 
0.005/4.9 
40/0 0.5/0.6 
20 0.002/5.0 
none none 
Example 7 
10/30 
Comparative 
40/0 0.005/5.0 
BA/MMA 
0.5/0.6 
20 0.002/5.0 
none none 
Example 8 15/35 
__________________________________________________________________________ 
Processing Characteristics 
Transparency 
Total 
Stickiness 
Roll Lubricating 
Luminous Gloss of 
(minutes, 
Property Transmit- 
Haze 
Molded 
1.0 phr) 
0.3 phr 
0.5 phr 
1.0 phr 
tance (%) 
(%) 
Article 
__________________________________________________________________________ 
Example 7 
30 2.8 3.1 3.5 82 7.2 
A 
Example 8 
30 2.8 3.1 3.5 83 8.0 
A 
Example 9 
30 2.8 3.1 3.6 82 8.0 
A 
Comparative 
20 -- 1.0 1.5 76 15.0 
B 
Example 7 
Comparative 
5 -- -- 1.2 83 7.0 
A 
Example 8 
__________________________________________________________________________ 
Note 
BMA: butyl methacrylate 
EXAMPLES 10 through 12 
Resin compositions were prepared by incorporating the polymer prepared in 
Example 1 in the amount adopted in the evaluation tests into an ABS resin, 
a styrene polymer resin or a chlorinated vinyl chlorine polymer resin. The 
results of the evaluation tests are shown in Table 4. 
COMATIVE EXAMPLES 9 through 11 
Processing characteristics of an ABS resin free of the lubricant 
(Comparative Example 9), a resin composition formed by incorporating the 
polymer obtained in Comparative Example 1 in the amount adopted in the 
evaluation tests into an ABS resin (Comparative Example 10), a resin 
composition formed by incorporating the polymer of Comparative Example 4 
in the amount adopted in the evaluation tests into an ABS resin 
(Comparative Example 11), and a styrene polymer resin free of the 
lubricant (Comparative Example 12) were examined. The obtained results are 
shown in Table 4. 
The ABS resin used in Example 10 and Comparative Examples 9 through 11 was 
Diapet.RTM.3001 (supplied by Mitsubishi Rayon Co., Ltd.), the styrene 
polymer resin used in Example 11 and Comparative Example 12 was a 
polystyrene resin ("NF-20", trade name, supplied by Idemitsu 
Petrochemical), and the chlorinated vinyl chloride polymer resin used in 
Example 12 was "NIKATEMP T-742", trade name, supplied by Nippon Carbide. 
TABLE 4 
__________________________________________________________________________ 
Processing Characteristics 
Stickiness 
Roll Lubricating 
Gloss of 
Ungelled (minutes, 
Property Molded 
Kind of Resin 
Kind of Polymer 
Substance 
Plateout 
1.0 phr) 
0.3 phr 
0.5 phr 
1.0 
Article 
__________________________________________________________________________ 
Example 1 
polyvinyl chloride 
polymer prepared in 
slight 
none 30 2.8 3.3 3.6 A 
resin Example 1 
Example 10 
ABS resin polymer prepared in 
slight 
none 30 2.9 3.4 3.7 A 
Example 1 
Example 11 
styrene polymer resin 
polymer prepared in 
slight 
none 25 1.0 1.8 2.5 A 
Example 1 
Example 12 
chlorinated polyvinyl 
polymer prepared in 
slight 
slight 
20 0.8 1.6 2.0 B 
chloride resin 
Example 1 
Comparative 
ABS resin (not added) slight 
slight 
5 -- 0.5 1.2 A-B 
Example 9 
Comparative 
" polymer of Comparative 
slight 
slight 
5 -- 0.6 1.6 B 
Example 10 Example 1 
Comparative 
" polymer of Comparative 
slight 
slight 
6 -- 0.8 1.8 B 
Example 11 Example 4 
Comparative 
styrene polymer resin 
(not added) consid- 
consid- 
7 -- 0.8 1.8 B 
Example 12 erable 
erable 
__________________________________________________________________________