ANTI-PATHOGENIC SOLUTION DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM

Solution distribution systems and methods of manufacturing and operating the same are provided. Solution distribution systems discussed herein are configured to dispense an anti-pathogenic solution into an air stream managed by an air handling system. Such solution distribution systems include a dispersion nozzle assembly structured to dispense the anti-pathogenic solution into the air stream in a dispersion pattern. The solution distribution systems also include a pump module configured to deliver the anti-pathogenic solution to the dispersion nozzle assembly at a dispersion pressure. The disclosed solution distribution systems further include a controller disposed in electrical communication with a control valve and the pump module. The controller is configured to engage the control valve to dispense the anti-pathogenic solution via the dispersion nozzle assembly into the air stream for a dispersion event period and at a dispersion interval.

TECHNOLOGICAL FIELD

The present disclosure relates in general to solution distribution and more particularly to systems that are structured for dispensing an anti-pathogenic solution into an air stream.

BACKGROUND

The average adult breathes in excess of 50 cubic meters of air per 24-hour period. Air can often, unbeknownst to humans, contain variable amounts of viruses, fungi, bacteria, yeasts, plant pollen, and other harmful disease carrying particulates. Indoor settings, such as offices, especially present problems as the same potentially harmful air is often recirculated by air rotation units. Through applied effort, ingenuity, and innovation, many of these identified problems have been solved by developing solutions that are included in embodiments of the present invention, many examples of which are described in detail herein.

BRIEF SUMMARY

The following presents a simplified summary in order to provide a basic understanding of some aspects of the present disclosure. This summary is not an extensive overview and is intended to neither identify key or critical elements nor delineate the scope of such elements. Its purpose is to present some concepts of the described features in a simplified form as a prelude to the more detailed description that is presented later.

In various embodiments, solution distribution systems and methods of manufacturing and operating the same are provided. In an example embodiment, a solution distribution system configured to dispense an anti-pathogenic solution into an air stream managed by an air handling system is provided. The solution distribution system includes a dispersion nozzle assembly structured to dispense the anti-pathogenic solution into the air stream in a dispersion pattern. The solution distribution system also includes a pump module configured to deliver the anti-pathogenic solution to the dispersion nozzle assembly at a dispersion pressure. The solution distribution system further includes a controller disposed in electrical communication with a control valve and the pump module. The controller is configured to engage the control valve to dispense the anti-pathogenic solution via the dispersion nozzle assembly into the air stream for a dispersion event period and at a dispersion interval.

In some embodiments, the solution distribution system also includes a pick-up valve and defines a solution flow path between the pick-up valve and the dispersion nozzle assembly. In some embodiments, the control valve is a three-way valve connected to a suction hose, a delivery hose, and a bleed hose, and wherein the solution flow path is defined to proceed from the pick-up valve, through the suction hose and delivery hose, and to the dispersion nozzle assembly. In some embodiments, the control valve is the pick-up valve. In some embodiments, the solution distribution system also includes a backflow pressure regulator disposed along the solution flow path between the control valve and the dispersion nozzle assembly.

In some embodiments, the backflow pressure regulator is structured to limit air introduction into the solution flow path. In some embodiments, the solution distribution system includes a fluid pickup assembly configured to draw the anti-pathogenic solution from a solution container and defines a solution flow path between a pick-up valve and the dispersion nozzle assembly.

In some embodiments, the fluid pickup assembly includes a strainer module and a pick-up valve. In some embodiments, the strainer module of the fluid pickup assembly defines a weighted, cylindrical filter body structured to limit sediment within the solution container from entering the solution flow path. In some embodiments, the solution distribution system includes an enclosure body structured to enclose the pump module and the controller. In such an embodiment, the enclosure body, the pump module, and the controller combine to define a main enclosure weight of less than 5 kilograms.

In some embodiments, the dispersion event period and dispersion pressure are selected to deliver a dispersion event dosage of anti-pathogenic solution between approximately 1.2 fluid ounces and approximately 1.5 fluid ounces into the air stream. In some embodiments, the dispersion event period is from approximately 6 seconds to approximately 8 seconds.

In some embodiments, the dispersion pressure is between approximately 50 PSI and approximately 55 PSI. In some embodiments, the dispersion interval is approximately one hour. In some embodiments, the dispersion event period and the dispersion event interval are selected to distribute over ten million anti-pathogenic solution molecules into the air stream over a treatment period of between approximately 6 and approximately 8 hours. In some embodiments, the dispersion interval is between approximately 30 minutes and approximately 90 minutes.

In some embodiments, the dispersion nozzle assembly is structured to produce an angular fan dispersion pattern of anti-pathogenic solution. In some embodiments, the dispersion event period, the angular fan dispersion pattern, and the dispersion event interval are selected to distribute over ten million anti-pathogenic solution molecules into the air stream over a treatment period of between approximately 6 and approximately 8 hours.

In some embodiments, the dispersion nozzle assembly is structured to distribute the anti-pathogenic solution in the angular fan dispersion pattern at a molecule size of between approximately 8 and approximately 15 microns. In some embodiments, the anti-pathogenic solution is non-metallic, has a pH value of between approximately 1.5 and approximately 1.6, and a specific gravity of between approximately 1.10 and approximately 1.30.

In some embodiments, the air handling system is an air rotation unit. In some embodiments, the dispersion nozzle assembly is structured for mounting upstream of a heating or cooling coil of the air rotation unit. In some embodiments, the solution distribution system also includes an enclosure body structured to enclose the pump module and the controller, and the enclosure body is configured for mounting to an exterior wall of the air rotation unit. In some embodiments, the dispersion nozzle assembly is structured to disperse the anti-pathogenic solution as formulated to pass a Virucidal Hard-Surface Efficacy Test for Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-related Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)(COVID-19 Virus) under Protocol No. GLO.1.07.01.20.

In another example embodiment, a method of assembling a solution distribution system configured to dispense an anti-pathogenic solution into an air stream managed by an air handling system is provided. The method includes providing a dispersion nozzle assembly structured to dispense the anti-pathogenic solution into the air stream in a dispersion pattern. The method also includes coupling a pump module to the dispersion nozzle assembly. The pump module is configured to deliver the anti-pathogenic solution to the dispersion nozzle assembly at a dispersion pressure. The method also includes providing a controller disposed in electrical communication with a control valve and the pump module. The controller is configured to engage the control valve to dispense the anti-pathogenic solution via the dispersion nozzle assembly into the air stream for a dispersion event period and at a dispersion interval.

In some embodiments, the method also includes providing a pick-up valve coupled to the pump module and further defining a solution flow path between the pick-up valve and the dispersion nozzle assembly. In some embodiments, the control valve is a three-way valve connected to a suction hose, a delivery hose, and a bleed hose, and wherein the solution flow path is defined to proceed from the pick-up valve, through the suction hose and delivery hose, and to the dispersion nozzle assembly. In some embodiments, the control valve is the pick-up valve.

In some embodiments, the method also includes providing a backflow pressure regulator disposed along the solution flow path between the control valve and the dispersion nozzle assembly. In some embodiments, the backflow pressure regulator is structured to limit air introduction into the solution flow path.

In some embodiments, the method also includes fluidly coupling a fluid pickup assembly to a solution flow path. In such an embodiment, the fluid pickup assembly is configured to draw the anti-pathogenic solution from a solution container and the solution flow path is defined between a pick-up valve and the dispersion nozzle assembly.

In some embodiments, the fluid pickup assembly includes a strainer module and a pick-up valve. In some embodiments, the strainer module of the fluid pickup assembly defines a weighted, cylindrical filter body structured to limit sediment within the solution container from entering the solution flow path.

In some embodiments, the method also includes enclosing the pump module and the controller within an enclosure body. In such an embodiment, the enclosure body, the pump module, and the controller combine to define a main enclosure weight of less than 5 kilograms.

In some embodiments, the dispersion event period and the dispersion pressure are selected to deliver a dispersion event dosage of anti-pathogenic solution between approximately 1.2 fluid ounces and approximately 1.5 fluid ounces into the air stream. In some embodiments, the dispersion event period is from approximately 6 seconds to approximately 8 seconds. In some embodiments, the dispersion pressure is between approximately 50 PSI and approximately 55 PSI.

In some embodiments, the dispersion interval is approximately one hour. In some embodiments, the dispersion event period and dispersion event interval are selected to distribute over ten million anti-pathogenic solution molecules into the air stream over a treatment period of between approximately 6 and approximately 8 hours. In some embodiments, the dispersion interval is between approximately 30 minutes and approximately 90 minutes. In some embodiments, the method includes structuring the dispersion nozzle assembly to produce an angular fan dispersion pattern of anti-pathogenic solution.

In some embodiments, the dispersion event period, the angular fan dispersion pattern, and the dispersion event interval are selected to distribute over ten million anti-pathogenic solution molecules into the air stream over a treatment period of between approximately 6 and approximately 8 hours. In some embodiments, the dispersion nozzle assembly is structured to distribute the anti-pathogenic solution in the angular fan dispersion pattern at a molecule size of between approximately 8 and approximately 15 microns.

In some embodiments, the anti-pathogenic solution is non-metallic, has a pH value of between approximately 1.5 and approximately 1.6, and a specific gravity of between approximately 1.10 and approximately 1.30. In some embodiments, the air handling system is an air rotation unit. In some embodiments, the dispersion nozzle assembly is structured for mounting upstream of a heating or cooling coil of the air rotation unit. In some embodiments, the method also includes enclosing the pump module and the controller within an enclosure body. In such an embodiment, the enclosure body is configured for mounting to an exterior wall of the air rotation unit. In some embodiments, the dispersion nozzle assembly is structured to disperse the anti-pathogenic solution as formulated to pass a Virucidal Hard-Surface Efficacy Test for Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-related Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)(COVID-19 Virus) under Protocol No. GLO.1.07.01.20.

In another example embodiment, a method of dispensing an anti-pathogenic solution into an air stream managed by an air handling system is provided. The method includes causing a first dispersion event via a dispersion nozzle assembly. The first dispersion event provides a dispersion event dosage of anti-pathogenic solution for a dispersion event period. The method also includes causing a second dispersion event via the dispersion nozzle assembly at a dispersion interval. The second dispersion event provides the dispersion event dosage of anti-pathogenic solution for the dispersion event period.

In some embodiments, the method also includes engaging a control valve to dispense the anti-pathogenic solution via the dispersion nozzle assembly into the air stream for the dispersion event period.

In some embodiments, the method also includes causing one or more additional dispersion events at the dispersion interval after the second dispersion event. In some embodiments, the dispersion event dosage is provided at a dispersion pressure. In some embodiments, the dispersion event period and the dispersion pressure are selected to deliver the dispersion event dosage of the anti-pathogenic solution between approximately 1.2 fluid ounces to approximately 1.5 fluid ounces.

In some embodiments, the dispersion event period is from approximately 6 seconds to approximately 8 seconds. In some embodiments, the dispersion pressure is between approximately 50 PSI and approximately 55 PSI. In some embodiments, the dispersion interval is approximately one hour. In some embodiments, the dispersion event period and the dispersion event interval are selected to distribute over ten million anti-pathogenic solution molecules into the air stream over a treatment period of between approximately 6 and approximately 8 hours.

In some embodiments, the dispersion interval is between approximately 30 minutes and approximately 90 minutes. In some embodiments, the dispersion nozzle assembly is structured to produce the dispersion event dosage at an angular fan dispersion pattern of anti-pathogenic solution. In some embodiments, the dispersion event period, the angular fan dispersion pattern, and the dispersion event interval are selected to distribute over ten million anti-pathogenic solution molecules into the air stream over a treatment period of between approximately 6 and approximately 8 hours.

In some embodiments, the dispersion nozzle assembly is structured to distribute the anti-pathogenic solution in the angular fan dispersion pattern at a molecule size of between approximately 8 and approximately 15 microns. In some embodiments, the anti-pathogenic solution is non-metallic, has a pH value of between approximately 1.5 and approximately 1.6, and a specific gravity of between approximately 1.10 and approximately 1.30.

In some embodiments, the air handling system is an air rotation unit. In some embodiments, the dispersion nozzle assembly is structured for mounting upstream of a heating or cooling coil of the air rotation unit. In some embodiments, the dispersion nozzle assembly is structured to disperse the anti-pathogenic solution as formulated to pass a Virucidal Hard-Surface Efficacy Test for Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-related Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)(COVID-19 Virus) under Protocol No. GLO.1.07.01.20.

In still another example embodiment, a computer program product is provided. The computer program product includes at least one non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having computer-executable program code portions stored therein. The computer-executable program code portions include program code instructions configured to dispense an anti-pathogenic solution into an air stream managed by an air handling system. The computer-executable program code portions including program code instructions are configured to cause a first dispersion event via a dispersion nozzle assembly. The first dispersion event provides a dispersion event dosage of anti-pathogenic solution for a dispersion event period. The computer-executable program code portions including program code instructions are also configured to cause a second dispersion event via the dispersion nozzle assembly at a dispersion interval. The second dispersion event provides the dispersion event dosage of anti-pathogenic solution for the dispersion event period.

In some embodiments, the computer program product also includes program code instructions configured to engage a control valve to dispense the anti-pathogenic solution via the dispersion nozzle assembly into the air stream for the dispersion event period. In some embodiments, the computer program product also includes program code instructions to cause one or more additional dispersion events at the dispersion interval after the second dispersion event.

In some embodiments, the dispersion event dosage is provided at a dispersion pressure. In some embodiments, the dispersion event period and dispersion pressure are selected to deliver the dispersion event dosage of the anti-pathogenic solution between approximately 1.2 fluid ounces to approximately 1.5 fluid ounces. In some embodiments, the dispersion event period is from approximately 6 seconds to approximately 8 seconds.

In some embodiments, the dispersion pressure is between approximately 50 PSI and approximately 55 PSI. In some embodiments, the dispersion interval is approximately one hour. In some embodiments, the dispersion event period and dispersion event interval are selected to distribute over ten million anti-pathogenic solution molecules into the air stream over a treatment period of between approximately 6 and approximately 8 hours.

In some embodiments, the dispersion interval is between approximately 30 minutes and approximately 90 minutes. In some embodiments, the dispersion nozzle assembly is structured to produce the dispersion event dosage at an angular fan dispersion pattern of anti-pathogenic solution. In some embodiments, the dispersion event period, the angular fan dispersion pattern, and the dispersion event interval are selected to distribute over ten million anti-pathogenic solution molecules into the air stream over a treatment period of between approximately 6 and approximately 8 hours.

In some embodiments, the dispersion nozzle assembly is structured to distribute the anti-pathogenic solution in the angular fan dispersion pattern at a molecule size of between approximately 8 and approximately 15 microns. In some embodiments, the anti-pathogenic solution is non-metallic, has a pH value of between approximately 1.5 and approximately 1.6, and a specific gravity of between approximately 1.10 and approximately 1.30.

In some embodiments, the air handling system is an air rotation unit. In some embodiments, the dispersion nozzle assembly is structured for mounting upstream of a heating or cooling coil of the air rotation unit. In some embodiments, the dispersion nozzle assembly is structured to disperse the anti-pathogenic solution as formulated to pass a Virucidal Hard-Surface Efficacy Test for Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-related Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)(COVID-19 Virus) under Protocol No. GLO.1.07.01.20.

In still another example embodiment, a dispersion nozzle assembly configured to dispense an anti-pathogenic solution into an air stream managed by an air handling system is provided. The nozzle assembly includes a dispersion nozzle defining a nozzle outlet structured to dispense the anti-pathogenic solution into the air stream in a dispersion pattern. The dispersion nozzle assembly also includes a backflow pressure regulator disposed along a solution flow path to the dispersion nozzle. The backflow pressure regulator is structured to limit air introduction into the solution flow path.

In some embodiments, the solution flow path is defined between the dispersion nozzle and a pump module. In such an embodiment, the pump module is configured to provide to the dispersion nozzle at a dispersion pressure. In some embodiments, the dispersion nozzle is from approximately 12 inches to approximately 18 inches wide. In some embodiments, the dispersion pressure at the nozzle outlet is between approximately 50 PSI and approximately 55 PSI. In some embodiments, the dispersion pattern is a pulsating spray.

In some embodiments, the dispersion nozzle is made of stainless steel. In some embodiments, the dispersion nozzle is fluidly coupled to the pump module via a delivery hose. In some embodiments, the dispersion nozzle assembly is in communication with a control valve engaged by a controller configured to engage a control valve to dispense the anti-pathogenic solution via the dispersion nozzle assembly into the air stream for a dispersion event period and at a dispersion interval.

In some embodiments, the dispersion interval is approximately 60 minutes. In some embodiments, the dispersion interval is between approximately 30 minutes and approximately 90 minutes. In some embodiments, the dispersion event period is from approximately 6 seconds to approximately 8 seconds. In some embodiments, the dispersion event period and dispersion event interval are selected to distribute over ten million anti-pathogenic solution molecules into the air stream over a treatment period of between approximately 6 and approximately 8 hours.

In some embodiments, the air handling system is an air rotation unit. In some embodiments, the dispersion nozzle is structured for mounting upstream of a heating or cooling coil of the air rotation unit. In some embodiments, based on the size of the dispersion nozzle, the dispersion event period and dispersion pressure are selected to deliver a dispersion event dosage of anti-pathogenic solution between approximately 1.2 fluid ounces and approximately 1.5 fluid ounces into the air stream.

In some embodiments, the dispersion pattern is an angular fan dispersion pattern of the anti-pathogenic solution. In some embodiments, the dispersion event period, the angular fan dispersion pattern, and the dispersion event interval are selected to distribute over ten million anti-pathogenic solution molecules into the air stream over a treatment period of between approximately 6 and approximately 8 hours. In some embodiments, the dispersion nozzle assembly is structured to distribute the anti-pathogenic solution in the angular fan dispersion pattern at a molecule size of between approximately 8 and approximately 15 microns.

In some embodiments, the anti-pathogenic solution is non-metallic, has a pH value of between approximately 1.5 and approximately 1.6, and a specific gravity of between approximately 1.10 and approximately 1.30. In some embodiments, the dispersion nozzle assembly is structured to disperse the anti-pathogenic solution as formulated to pass a Virucidal Hard-Surface Efficacy Test for Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-related Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)(COVID-19 Virus) under Protocol No. GLO.1.07.01.20.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

The present invention now will be described more fully hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings in which some but not all embodiments of the inventions are shown. Indeed, these inventions may be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein; rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will satisfy applicable legal requirements. Like numbers refer to like elements throughout. As used herein, terms such as “front,” “rear,” “top,” etc. are used for explanatory purposes in the examples provided below to describe the relative position of certain components or portions of components. For example, the term “top edge” may be used to describe an edge of a component; however, the edge may be on the top, bottom, or side, depending on the orientation of the particular component being described. As used herein, the terms ‘substantially’ and ‘approximately’ refer to tolerances within manufacturing and/or engineering standards.” As used herein, the terms “solution” and “anti-pathogenic solution” both refer to the anti-pathogenic solution used with the solution distribution system discussed herein.

Maintaining adequate air quality, especially indoors is important to sustaining wellness and health for humans. Viruses that spread easily, such as COVID-19, are difficult to contain especially indoors, such as an office or industrial setting, when carried about by air conditioners and other air handling systems. Various embodiments discussed herein detail solution distribution systems that are configured to address the threat posed by viruses and other airborne threats to human health by dispensing an anti-pathogenic solution into air streams managed by indoor air handling systems.

FIG. 1Adepicts a solution distribution system10configured to dispense an anti-pathogenic solution into an air stream managed by an air handling system in accordance with various embodiments. The depicted solution distribution system10includes a dispersion nozzle assembly100, a pump enclosure assembly131, and a pick-up valve130. The pump enclosure assembly131is connected to the pick-up valve130by a suction hose120and to the dispersion nozzle assembly100by a delivery hose115. A bleed hose125also extends from the pump enclosure assembly131as shown.

FIG. 1Bprovides a detail view of the pump enclosure assembly131, which includes an enclosure body135that is structured to enclose and protect a pump module2000and a controller220as discussed in reference toFIG. 2Bbelow. The depicted pump enclosure assembly131and its internal components (e.g., the dispersion valve assembly235, the pump230, and the controller220) define a main enclosure weight of less than five kilograms.

The pump module2000includes a dispersion valve assembly235and a pump230as discussed below in reference toFIG. 2B. In some embodiments, the dispersion valve assembly235is a three-way valve and operates as a control valve for the solution distribution system10. Each of the delivery hose115, suction hose120, and the bleed hose125discussed herein is connected to the dispersion valve assembly235(e.g., the three-way valve). In various embodiments, during operation, the pump230draws the solution to move along a solution flow path from the pick-up valve130through the suction hose120, continuing through the pump module2000(e.g., the dispersion valve assembly235) into the delivery hose115and into the dispersion nozzle assembly100, ultimately being dispensed via the dispersion nozzle105.

The depicted enclosure body135includes a power switch (not shown) and is connected to a power cord140that connects the solution distribution system10to a power source. Alternatively or additionally, the solution distribution system10may include a dedicated power supply (e.g., a power supply, such as a battery, may be disposed either within or adjacent to an enclosure body135).

The depicted enclosure body135defines enclosure mountings315that are configured to facilitate installation of the enclosure body135within or proximate to an air handling system. For example, the depicted enclosure body135includes three enclosure mountings315that define apertures configured to receive a screw or other fastener to fix the enclosure body135in place.

The dispersion nozzle assembly100shown inFIG. 1Aincludes a dispersion nozzle105and a backflow pressure regulator110. In various embodiments, the dispersion nozzle assembly100is fluidly coupled to a pump module2000(housed within the enclosure body135in various embodiments, such as shown inFIGS. 1A and 1B) via a delivery hose115. The backflow pressure regulator110is configured to maintain a dispersion pressure upstream of itself within the delivery hose115. As discussed in reference toFIGS. 8A-8E, the depicted backflow pressure regulator110is structured for adjustment by a user or operator to change the pressure of the solution being provided to the dispersion nozzle105. For example, the pump module2000may cause the pressure of the solution therein to rise to or over a given dispersion pressure and the backflow pressure regulator110may be adjusted to maintain the desired dispersion pressure. In some embodiments, the backflow pressure regulator110may be adjusted to account for changes to the system that might otherwise undesirably alter the dispersion pressure, such as elevated positioning of the dispersion nozzle assembly100relative to the pump enclosure assembly131.

In some embodiments, the controller is configured to engage the pump module2000to cause pressure within the delivery hose115to exceed a setpoint (e.g., a dispersion pressure) selected for the backflow pressure regulator110thereby causing a valve (not shown) within the backflow pressure regulator110to open and release the excess pressure in a dispersion event.

The solution distribution system10is configured such that anti-pathogenic solution travels along the delivery hose115(from the pump module2000) through the backflow pressure regulator110and into the dispersion nozzle105. The depicted delivery hose115is made out of a high-density polyethylene (HDPE) tubing material. In an example embodiment, the delivery hose115may be approximately 7620 millimeters (approximately 25 feet) long. In some embodiments, the delivery hose115may define an inner diameter of 4 millimeters and an outer diameter of 6 millimeters.

The pick-up valve130depicted inFIG. 1Ais fluidly coupled to the pump module2000(housed within the enclosure body135in various embodiments, such as those shown inFIGS. 1A and 1B) via a suction hose120. The suction hose120may be a polyurethane tubing material. In an example embodiment, the suction hose120may be approximately 2438.4 millimeters (approximately 8 feet) long. In some embodiments, the suction hose120defines an inner diameter of 4 millimeters and an outer diameter of 6 millimeters. The suction hose120may be clear or translucent in some embodiments.

The depicted solution distribution system10further includes a bleed hose125that is configured with a purge feature that purges the system of excess air or to drain the system of antipathogenic solution for system cleaning. The purge feature activates a purge cycle that removes air and/or solution from the solution flow path. The bleed hose125may return any solution removed from the solution flow path to the solution container150. In various embodiments, the purge feature may be activated automatically (e.g., periodically or in an instance the system monitors one or more sensors that are configured to determine excess amounts of air in the system). Alternatively or additionally, the purge feature may be activated manually (e.g., such as via a purge button145shown in the example embodiments shown inFIGS. 2A and 2B). While a bleed hose125is used, various other types of bleeding methods may be used in various embodiments (e.g., the solution distribution system may have a bleed valve in place of the bleed hose). The bleed hose125may be made out of a high density polyethylene (HDPE) tubing material. In an example embodiment, the bleed hose125may be approximately 3048 millimeters (Approximately 10 feet) long. The bleed hose125may define an inner diameter of 4 millimeters and an outer diameter of 6 millimeters.

Referring now toFIG. 2A, the depicted dispersion nozzle assembly100is in communication with the fluid pickup assembly155via a solution flow path. Said differently, antipathogenic solution is drawn through the fluid pickup assembly155and moves through the depicted solution distribution system10along a solution flow path until it is dispensed into an air stream by the dispersion nozzle assembly100. In various embodiments, the solution flow path is defined by various fluid handling components of the solution distribution system10including the pick-up valve130, the suction hose120, the pump module2000(housed within the enclosure body135), the delivery hose115, and the dispersion nozzle assembly100, including at least the backflow pressure regulator110, and the dispersion nozzle105.

The depicted fluid pickup assembly155is positioned within solution container150and includes the pick-up valve130and a strainer module700. In various embodiments, the pick-up valve130is structured to be disposed within the solution container150, such that upon activation of the pick-up valve130, the solution is transported along the solution flow path. As discussed below in more detail, the fluid pickup assembly155may also include a strainer configured to limit sediment that might be present within the solution container from entering the solution flow path.

The depicted solution container150is a five-gallon container. The size of the solution container150may determine the amount new solution that is required to be added to the solution container150(e.g., a five-gallon container may last approximately 3.5 weeks). A solution level sensor (not shown) may be provided to monitor the amount of solution in the solution container150. The solution level sensor may be internal to the fluid pickup assembly155(e.g., the solution level sensor may be disposed within the fluid pickup assembly155). Alternatively, the solution level sensor may be external to the fluid pickup assembly155(e.g., disposed within the solution container150). The solution level sensor may monitor the amount of solution remaining in the solution container (e.g., the solution level sensor may notify a user when the solution is below a threshold amount of solution).

The bleed hose125may be structured to remove air and/or solution from the solution flow path. The bleed hose125may deposit the removed air and/or solution into the solution container150. For example, the bleed hose125may be attached to the dispersion valve assembly235at a first end and the second end may be located in the solution container150. The bleed hose being routed to the solution container150allows any solution taken from the solution flow path by the bleed hose125may be returned to the system (e.g., allows for zero loss while also purging the system). The solution distribution system10may be configured to purge the solution for an extended period of in certain instances (e.g., a power outage). In such an instance, more than air (e.g., solution) may be removed by the solution flow path via the bleed hose125. Alternatively, the bleed hose125may be routed outside of the solution container150(e.g., either to another container to preserve solution or to elsewhere).

In various embodiments, the solution remaining in the solution flow path between the pump module2000and dispersion nozzle105and not dispersed during the activation cycle remains in the solution flow path. As such, air is not drawn into the fluid supply line allowing for full solution dispersion during each subsequent limited activation cycle thereby providing full efficacy to the indoor air. However, in some instances, air may enter the solution flow path. Such air can be removed via the purge feature discussed herein.

As discussed above, a purge button145may be provided to allow for the activation of a system purge (e.g., remove the air from the solution fluid path via the bleed hose125). In some embodiments, the purge button145may in electrical communication with the controller220(shown inFIG. 11) in order to activate the dispersion valve assembly235of the pump module2000to remove any air in the solution flow path.

The purge cycle, whether activated by engaging the purge button145or otherwise, may remove air and/or solution from the system for a predetermined amount of time via the bleed hose125. The purge cycle may be activated to remove any air in the solution distribution system10, though the purge cycle may be sufficiently long to also remove some amount of solution (e.g., the bleed hose125may remove solution from the system once all of the air has been removed). As discussed above, the bleed hose125may be positioned to return any solution removed to the solution container150. The purge cycle may be activated for approximately 20 seconds in an example embodiment.

Referring now toFIG. 2B, an exploded view of a solution distribution system10of various embodiments is shown. Various embodiments of the solution distribution system10may include different components and/or structure of components.

The depicted enclosure body135includes an enclosure top plate200, an enclosure base205, and an enclosure cover plate245. In various embodiments, a sealing gasket240may be provided between the enclosure base205and the enclosure cover plate245. While the enclosure body135shown inFIG. 2Bincludes the enclosure top plate200, the enclosure base205, and the enclosure cover plate245, various example enclosure bodies may include more or less individual components. For example, a single enclosure base205may be provided that is structured to enclose all of the internal pump and control valve components but without the enclosure top plate200and the enclosure cover plate245.

The depicted enclosure body135is comprised of multiple pieces (e.g., the enclosure top plate200, enclosure base205, and the enclosure base205) to allow for service access to certain components disposed within the enclosure body135(e.g., the enclosure top plate200may be removed to access the dispersion valve assembly235without having to access the enclosure base205).

The pump module2000includes a dispersion valve assembly235. In some embodiments, the dispersion valve assembly235is a three-way valve. Each of the delivery hose115, suction hose120, and the bleed hose125discussed herein is connected to the dispersion valve assembly235(e.g., the three-way valve). In various embodiments, during operation, the solution moves along a solution flow path from the pick-up valve130through the suction hose120, continuing through the pump module2000into the delivery hose115and into the dispersion nozzle assembly100, ultimately being dispensed via the dispersion nozzle105.

The pump module2000also includes the pump230. The depicted pump230of the pump module2000and the controller220(not shown) is enclosed between the enclosure base205and the enclosure cover plate245. The controller220may be housed within an additional casing as shown (e.g., the controller220is enclosed within the circuit board enclosure1000inFIG. 2B). The dispersion valve assembly235(e.g., three-way valve) of the pump module2000may be disposed between the enclosure base205and the enclosure top plate200. The depicted enclosure base205includes one or more pump apertures250configured to allow communication between the pump230of the pump module2000and the dispersion valve assembly235(e.g., three-way valve) of the pump module2000. In some embodiments, the pump230is configured to manipulate one or more valves of the dispersion valve assembly235to cause fluid to be drawn into the delivery hose115or the bleed hose125. In other embodiments, the controller220is configured to control one or more valves of the dispersion valve assembly235directly without using the pump230as an intermediary.

In the depicted embodiment, the controller220(shown inFIG. 11) is configured to operate the pump module2000(e.g., the pump230and the dispersion valve assembly235). Additionally, the controller220is configured to activate various other operations of the solution distribution system10. The controller220may constitute all or substantially all of the power draw (e.g., the controller220determines the amount of amp draw at a given time) for the system. The amp draw may be approximately zero (or extremely low) during dispersion intervals (e.g., time windows defined between dispersion event periods). In some embodiments, the amp draw during the activation of the solution distribution system10for dispersion event periods is approximately 0.8 amps.

The depicted pump230of the pump module2000is in communication with the solution flow path, such that the pump230draws the solution from the pick-up valve130through the dispersion valve assembly235(e.g., the three-way valve), and into the dispersion nozzle assembly100. The pump230may be configured to enable the solution distribution system10to have a minimum flow rate of 0.00113 gallons per hour and a maximum flow rate of 0.001239 gallons per hour.

In various embodiments, an indicator light210, a purge button145, and/or a power switch215are provided within the enclosure body (e.g., within the enclosure base205). In various embodiments, the indicator light210may be used to indicate the status of the solution distribution system10. For example, the indicator light210may indicate the solution distribution system10is in operation or the solution distribution system10is offline. The indicator light210may provide such messages via different colors and/or patterns of lighting (e.g., flashing or solid).

In various embodiments, the power switch215includes a manual on/off switch. Alternatively, the power switch215may not include a manual on/off switch and as such may be powered on in an instance in which the power cord is attached to the power cord receiver of the power switch215. The power cord receiver shape may be based on the desired power supplied to the solution distribution system10. For example, the power receiver may be a standard power receiver used for similar voltages. The depicted electrical connection (e.g., the power receiver) is through a 120V/60 cy/1 phase grounded plug. The grounded plug may need a Ground Fault Interruption (GFI) outlet installed generally proximate to the enclosure body135(e.g., 6 feet in an instance in which a power cord140is 6 feet long) for receiving a power plug of the power cord140.

The depicted dispersion valve assembly235(e.g., three-way valve) is fluidly coupled to the delivery hose115, the suction hose120, and the bleed hose125. The dispersion nozzle assembly100may be attached to the delivery hose115at an end opposite the dispersion valve assembly235(e.g., three-way valve). The fluid pickup assembly155may be attached to the suction hose120at an end opposite the dispersion valve assembly235(e.g., three-way valve). The delivery hose115, the suction hose120, and/or the bleed hose125may be removably connected to the dispersion valve assembly235(e.g., a three-way valve may have threading to receive a given hose). The depicted enclosure top plate200includes a plurality of apertures (shown inFIG. 3B) configured to receive each given hose115,120,125to pass therethrough.

Referring now toFIGS. 3A-3C, the enclosure base205(FIG. 3A), the enclosure top plate200(FIG. 3B), and the enclosure cover plate245(FIG. 3C) of an example embodiment are shown. In various embodiments, the enclosure base205(FIG. 3A), the enclosure top plate200(FIG. 3B), and the enclosure cover plate245(FIG. 3C) are attachable to one another to form the enclosure body135shown inFIG. 1A. In one embodiment, the enclosure top plate200is rotatably coupled via a hinge to the enclosure base205.

Referring now toFIG. 3A, a perspective view of an example enclosure base205is shown. In various embodiments, the enclosure base205defines a base cavity (beneath the top surface330shown inFIG. 3A). The pump230and controller220may be disposed within the base cavity. The top surface330of the depicted enclosure base205includes one or more pump apertures250configured to allow communication between the pump230and the dispersion valve assembly235(e.g., three-way valve not shown). The pump230may define one or more input/output tubes that are structured to operatively couple the pump230to the dispersion valve assembly235as will be appreciated by one of ordinary skill in the art in view of this disclosure.

The top surface330of the depicted enclosure base205includes one or more dispersion valve assembly attachment points350(e.g., the dispersion valve assembly235may be attached to the top surface330of the enclosure base205at the dispersion valve assembly attachment points350via screws or other fasteners). One or more top plate attachment points360(e.g., small apertures) is defined by the depicted enclosure base205(e.g., a surface perpendicular to the top surface330). The depicted enclosure top plate200is attached to the enclosure base via the top plate attachment points360(e.g., the enclosure top plate may be attached to the enclosure base205via screws positioned through the one or more top plate attachment points360).

The depicted enclosure base205defines a flanged surface340extending at least partially around the lower edge of the enclosure base205. The depicted flanged surface340includes one or more cover plate attachment points320(e.g., small apertures) and/or enclosure mountings315. The depicted enclosure base205is attached to the enclosure cover plate245via the cover plate attachment point(s)320.

While various embodiments are shown herein, the depicted cover plate attachment points320, dispersion valve assembly attachment points350, top plate attachment points360, and the enclosure mountings315are defined as apertures for receiving screws or other fasteners. Various other attachment methods may be used (e.g., pins, staples, welds, seals, adhesives, and/or the like).

In various embodiments, one enclosure mounting315may be defined along one side of the flanged surface340(shown inFIG. 3A). Two other enclosure mountings315may be defined along the side opposite the first (e.g., the “top” of the enclosure body135may have a single enclosure mounting, while the “bottom” of the enclosure body135may have two enclosure mountings). While three enclosure mountings315are shown in various embodiments herein, some embodiments may include more or less enclosure mountings (e.g., based on the main enclosure weight or other design parameters that will be apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art). Additionally, while the enclosure mountings315are shown as apertures defined for receiving screws, other attachment means or fasteners may be used for securing the enclosure body135.

The depicted enclosure base205is a unitary piece (e.g., stamped out of a single piece of metal). Alternatively, the enclosure base205may be formed from a plurality of pieces attached to one another (e.g., such as by welding). The enclosure base205may be made out of aluminum, steel, plastic, and/or the like. Each component of the enclosure body135discussed herein may use one or more different materials (e.g., the enclosure cover plate245(shown inFIG. 3C) may be made out of aluminum, while each of the enclosure base205(FIG. 3A) and the enclosure top plate200(FIG. 3B) may be made out of aluminum. In various embodiments, all of the components of the enclosure body135may be made out of aluminum.

Referring now toFIG. 3B, an example enclosure top plate200is shown. The depicted enclosure top plate200may define a bleed hose aperture300, a delivery hose aperture (not shown), and/or a suction hose aperture (not shown). Each of the bleed hose aperture300, the delivery hose aperture, and the suction hose aperture is defined on a different side of the depicted enclosure top plate200(e.g., each of the delivery hose aperture and the suction hose aperture are defined on a side not shown inFIG. 3B). In various embodiments, the position of the bleed hose aperture300, the delivery hose aperture, and the suction hose aperture may be based on the design of the dispersion valve assembly235(e.g., the shape of an example three-way valve may define the positioning of the given aperture). In various embodiments, the size of each of the bleed hose aperture300, the delivery hose aperture, and the suction hose aperture may be based on the size of the respective hose passing therethrough.

The depicted enclosure top plate200also includes one or more top plate attachment points260configured to allow the enclosure top plate200to be attached to the enclosure base205. In various embodiments, other attachment mechanisms may be used in place of an aperture (e.g., a pin or clipping mechanism).

Referring now toFIG. 3C, the enclosure cover plate245is provided. The depicted enclosure cover plate245is a flat plate. The depicted enclosure cover plate245includes one or more cover plate attachment points320configured to attach the enclosure cover plate245to the enclosure base205(e.g., a screw through a cover plate attachment point320of the enclosure base205and through the corresponding cover plate attachment point320of the enclosure cover plate245). The depicted enclosure cover plate245also defines one or more enclosure mountings315corresponding to the enclosure mounting of the enclosure base205(e.g., allowing the enclosure body135to be mounted and secured for operation).

Referring toFIG. 4, an example enclosure base205is provided. The enclosure base205defines apertures to receive the indicator light210, the power switch215, and the purge button145as discussed above in reference toFIG. 2B. As shown, the power switch215may include an on/off switch and/or a power receiver.

FIGS. 5-6Bdepict dispersion valve assemblies235of various embodiments.FIG. 5shows an example dispersion valve assembly.FIG. 6Aillustrates a top view of an example dispersion valve assembly.FIG. 6Bis a cross-sectional view of the example dispersion valve assembly shown inFIG. 6Aalong cut line6B.

The depicted dispersion valve assembly235ofFIG. 5is a three-way valve. The depicted dispersion valve assembly235is in communication with the pump230of the pump module, such that the solution is drawn from the fluid pickup assembly155to the dispersion nozzle assembly100via the pump230. In various embodiments, the depicted dispersion valve assembly235is the control valve as discussed herein.

The depicted dispersion valve assembly235is connected to the delivery hose115via a delivery hose connector600(e.g., the delivery hose115may have a threading nut1205B discussed in more detail in reference toFIG. 12Bthat removably connects to the delivery hose connector600). The depicted delivery hose connector600is threaded. The depicted delivery hose115fluidly couples the dispersion valve assembly235with the dispersion nozzle assembly100.

The depicted dispersion valve assembly235is connected to the suction hose120via a suction hose connector605(e.g., the suction hose may have a threading nut1205A discussed in more detail in reference toFIG. 12Athat removably connects to the suction hose connector605). The depicted suction hose connector605is threaded. As discussed herein, the delivery hose115may fluidly couple the dispersion valve assembly235with the fluid pickup assembly155. The solution flow path is defined from the fluid pickup assembly155to the dispersion nozzle assembly100through the dispersion valve assembly235.

The depicted dispersion valve assembly235is connected to the bleed hose125via a bleed hose connector610(e.g., the bleed hose125may have a threading nut640that removably connects to the bleed hose connector610). In other embodiments, other hose fastener arrangements may be used to connect the bleed hose125, the suction hose120, and the delivery hose115to the dispersion valve assembly235as may be apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art in view of this disclosure.

Referring toFIG. 6B, the dispersion valve assembly235defines a pathway between the suction hose connector605and either the delivery hose connector600or the bleed hose connector610at a given time. The dispersion valve assembly235may move between a delivery mode, a bleeding mode, and a non-operating mode. The delivery mode may be defined as the position or configuration of the dispersion valve assembly235that causes solution to be delivered to the dispersion nozzle assembly100. The bleeding mode may be defined as the position or configuration of the dispersion valve assembly235that causes the system to be purged of solution (or air) via the bleed hose125. The non-operating mode may be defined as the position or configuration of the dispersion valve assembly235that blocks any pathway to the delivery hose115or the bleed hose125. The dispersion valve assembly235may be a mechanical valve configured to mechanically block the pathway to a given connector.

In various embodiments, during the dispersal of the solution, the dispersion valve assembly235is configured in the delivery mode. In one embodiment, the dispersion valve assembly235is moved into the delivery mode via the pump230and/or the controller220. For example, the dispersion valve assembly235may be actuated to cause the pathway630between the suction hose connector605and the delivery hose connector600to be connected (e.g., completing the solution flow path discussed herein from the fluid pickup assembly155to the dispersion nozzle assembly100). The dispersion valve assembly235may include one or more actuation mechanisms (not shown) that are structured to mechanically move between various positions to block one pathways to one or more given connectors. For example, the actuation mechanism may be a moveable pin (not shown) structured to block or unblock various connectors and thereby move the dispersion valve assembly235between the delivery mode, the bleeding mode, and the non-operating mode as will be apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art in view of this disclosure.

In various embodiments, once the dispersion event of the solution is complete (or before it has begun), the dispersion valve assembly235may be in the non-operating mode. As such, in non-operating mode, the connection pathway630between the suction hose connector605, the delivery hose connector600, and the bleed hose connector610may be blocked via the actuation mechanism, such that the solution is not provided to the dispersion nozzle assembly100or the bleed hose125.

In some embodiments, during the non-operating mode, the connection pathway630between the suction hose connector605and the delivery hose connector600is not necessarily mechanically blocked. For example, in an instance in which the dispersion nozzle assembly100is mounted at a location higher than the pump module2000, then the powering down of the pump230is sufficient to reduce the flow pressure of the solution and, as such stop the flow of the solution out of the dispersion nozzle105.

In various embodiments, the dispersion valve assembly235(e.g., three-way valve) may be moved to bleeding mode in an instance the solution distribution system10is being purged. The example actuator mechanism is structured to connect the bleed hose connector610to the suction hose connector605(e.g., mechanically block the delivery hose connector600and/or unblocking the bleed hose connector610). For example, the actuator mechanism of a three-way valve may mechanically move to allow the connection between the suction hose connector605and the bleed hose connector610(e.g., blocking any connection to the delivery hose connector600).

The bleeding mode may be used to remove air and/or solution from the solution flow path (e.g., the bleeding mode may be engaged during the purge cycle). The length of time that the bleeding mode is engaged indicates the amount of air and/or solution removed from the solution flow path. The air is removed first and as the air is removed, solution begins to also flow into the bleed hose125. The bleed hose125depicted inFIG. 2Ais disposed within the solution container150at the end opposite the bleed hose connector610, such that any solution removed from the solution flow path is returned to the solution container150(e.g., no solution is wasted during the purge process). The bleeding mode may be used to remove air from the solution flow path (e.g., a 6 to 20 second purge may remove any unwanted air from the solution flow path). Additionally or Alternatively, a longer purge cycle may allow for some or all of the solution to be removed from the solution flow path (e.g., a longer purge cycle may be used to remove any solution from the solution flow path for maintenance or the like).

Referring now toFIGS. 7A, the fluid pickup assembly155of an example embodiment is shown. The depicted fluid pickup assembly155includes a pick-up valve130and a strainer module700. The depicted fluid pickup assembly155is removably coupled to the suction hose120via a threading nut710. Various other types of connections between the suction hose120and the fluid pickup assembly155may be envisioned.

The depicted pick-up valve130is a monolithic structure. The solution is configured to pass through the pick-up valve130upon activation of the pump module (e.g., via suction pressure created by the pump). In various embodiments, the solution may be provided to the pump module2000upon activation of the pump230(e.g., the solution may enter the pick-up valve due to suction pressure when the dispersion valve assembly235moves into the delivery mode that connects the suction hose120to the delivery hose115). In various embodiments, upon installation, the fluid pickup assembly155may be installed below the pump module to allow for the solution to be carried through the pick-up valve130only due to suction pressure and without gravity playing a role to draw solution into the pick-up valve130.

The depicted fluid pickup assembly155is weighted, such that the fluid pickup assembly155is structured to remain at the bottom of the solution container150during operation even given the buoyancy of the plastic or composite materials that might be used to manufacture the fluid pickup assembly155.

In the depicted embodiment, the bottom (e.g., bottom plate or surface of strainer module700) of the fluid pickup assembly155is weighted and the fluid pickup assembly155is manufactured by relatively buoyant polymer material(s). In this way, the fluid pickup assembly155is configured to rest on the bottom of the solution container150but remain in an upright position.

In various embodiments, the bottom of the fluid pickup assembly155may be at least 1 ounce. The weighted bottom portion of the fluid pickup assembly155may be lead. The bottom of the fluid pickup assembly155may define a twist-lock connection that is configured for coupling to the strainer module700of the fluid pickup assembly155as discussed below.

The depicted strainer module700defines a cylindrical filter body. The depicted strainer module700is a made from a polymer mesh, non-woven, or other filter material. The strainer module700is structured to limit sediment within the solution container from entering the solution flow path. The bottom surface or end of the strainer module700may be weighted as discussed above.

In various embodiments, the solution in the solution container150(shown inFIG. 2A) is drawn into the fluid pickup assembly155through the strainer module700and into the pick-up valve130. The solution is carried through the pick-up valve130into the suction hose120, into the dispersion valve assembly235and subsequently into the delivery hose115, before entering the dispersion nozzle assembly100and exiting via the dispersion nozzle105.

FIGS. 7B-7Cdepict a pick-up valve130of an example embodiment.FIG. 7Billustrates various orthogonal views of an example pick-up valve130.FIG. 7Cillustrates a cross-section view of the pick-up valve130shown inFIG. 7Balong cut line7C. The pick-up valve130may be made out of plastic or a similar material. The depicted pick-up valve130defines a fixed diameter (e.g., ¼ inch inner diameter plastic tubing may be used).

The pick-up valve130defines a flow channel720that, upon opening of the pick-up valve, allows the solution to move from the solution pickup inlet730to the suction hose pick-up connector740. In various embodiments, once the solution enters the pick-up valve130, the pump230maintains the pressure from approximately 50 PSI to approximately 55 PSI.

The depicted strainer module700is attached to the pick-up valve at the solution pickup inlet730(e.g., the solution moves through the strainer module700before entering the flow channel720). The depicted solution pickup inlet730is threaded, such as to connect the strainer module700. In some embodiments, the solution pickup inlet730may have other types of inlets besides the one provided inFIG. 7A. Additionally, the suction hose pick-up connector740, may be threaded, such as to removably coupled with a threading nut710. In various embodiments, the pick-up valve130and the suction hose120may be non-removably coupled (e.g., the suction hose120may be attached to the pick-up valve130via an adhesive or clamping device).

FIGS. 8A-8Dare detailed component views of certain example components of the backflow pressure regulator110shown inFIG. 1A.FIG. 8Aincludes a bottom view of an example regulator base800.FIG. 8Billustrates a cross-sectional view of the example regulator base800shown inFIG. 8Aalong cut line8B.FIG. 8Cillustrates various orthogonal views of an example regulator cover830.FIG. 8Dillustrates a cross-sectional view of the example regulator cover830shown inFIG. 8Calong cut line8D.

In various embodiments, the backflow pressure regulator110(shown inFIG. 1A) includes a regulator base800(FIGS. 8A-8B) and a regulator cover830(FIGS. 8C-8D). In various embodiments, the regulator base800may include one or more regulator attachment points820A,820B configured to mount the backflow pressure regulator110for operation (e.g., via screws or other fasteners inside of an air handling system, such as an air rotation unit shown inFIGS. 13A).

The regulator base800and/or the regulator cover830may be made of a plastic, a polyamide, and/or the like. For example, the regulator base800and the regulator cover830may be made using a polyamide powder filled with glass particles (PA-GF). Various other materials may be used to manufacture the regulator base800and the regulator cover830. The backflow pressure regulator110may define multiple individual components (e.g., the regulator base800and the regulator cover810) to allow for disassembly and improved accessibility to the backflow pressure regulator110(e.g., to allow for an operator to perform maintenance on the backflow pressure regulator110).

As shown inFIG. 8A-8B, the depicted regulator base800is configured with a regulator delivery hose connector810A and a regulator nozzle connector810B. The depicted regulator delivery hose connector810A is threaded (e.g., to receive a threading nut of the delivery hose115). The depicted regulator delivery hose connector810A is fluidly connected to the regulator inlet channel890A. In an example embodiment, the solution may travel along the delivery hose115through the regulator delivery hose connector810A and into the regulator cover830(shown inFIG. 8C). In the depicted embodiment, the regulator inlet channel890A defines a right angle to divert the solution on its path to the regulator cover830.

The depicted regulator nozzle connector810B is threaded (e.g., to receive the dispersion nozzle105). The depicted regulator nozzle connector810B is fluidly connected to the regulator outlet channel890B. In an example embodiment, the solution is configured to travel from the regulator cover830(shown inFIG. 8C) along the regulator outlet channel890B and through the regulator nozzle connector810B into the dispersion nozzle105. The depicted regulator outlet channel890B defines a right angle to divert the solution from the regulator cover830to the dispersion nozzle105.

Referring now toFIGS. 8C-8D, the regulator cover830of an example embodiment is shown. The depicted regulator cover830defines a fluid cover aperture831. The depicted fluid cover aperture831defines a threaded portion845extending at least partially along its length as shown. The depicted fluid cover aperture831defines a cover inlet832that is configured to attach to the regulator base800.

The threaded portion845of the fluid cover aperture831is structured to receive a pressure adjustor840. The depicted pressure adjustor840is a threaded screw or plug that is moveable along the threaded portion845of the fluid cover aperture831to change the pressure of the solution moving along a regulator pathway (e.g., via increasing or decreasing the volume of a cavity defined between the cover inlet832and the pressure adjustor840). For example, as the pressure adjustor840moves towards the cover inlet832along the threaded portion845, the pressure of the solution flowing along the regulator pathway may increase thereby producing an increased pressure of the solution at the dispersion nozzle105. In such an example, as the pressure adjustor840moves away from the cover inlet832along the threaded portion845, the pressure of the solution flowing through the regulator pathway may decrease thereby reducing the pressure of the solution at the dispersion nozzle105.

The depicted pressure adjustor840defines an adjustment feature that is configured for user engagement during an adjustment operation. For example, as shown inFIGS. 8E, the pressure adjustor840may define a flat interface cavity that is sized to receipt a flathead screwdriver for rotating clockwise or counter-clockwise during adjustment operations. In other embodiments, the adjustment feature may be a knob or handle (not shown) that is configured for direct user engagement.

FIG. 8Edepicts an assembled dispersion nozzle assembly100comprising a backflow pressure regulator110and a dispersion nozzle105. The depicted backflow pressure regulator110is connected to a delivery hose115, that provides the solution to the dispersion nozzle assembly100. The backflow pressure regulator110includes the pressure adjustor840discussed above in reference toFIGS. 8C-8D.

The depicted backflow pressure regulator110is structured to be adjusted in order to maintain a sufficient pressure at the dispersion nozzle105. An operator or user may move the pressure adjustor840in order to change the pressure of the solution leaving the dispersion nozzle105(e.g., the pressure adjustor840may be adjusted in an instance the flow of the solution out of the dispersion nozzle105is determined as either too strong or too weak). During typical operations, the pressure adjustor840remains in a fixed position, such that a relatively stable pressure for the solution is maintained. In an instance in which the depicted pressure adjustor840is turned in the clockwise direction, the pressure of the solution travelling within backflow pressure regulator110is increased (e.g., the pressure adjustor840moves towards the cover inlet832shown inFIG. 8D). Alternatively, in an instance in which the depicted pressure adjustor840is turned in the counter-clockwise direction, the pressure of the solution travelling within the backflow pressure regulator110is decreased (e.g., the pressure adjustor840moves away from the cover inlet832shown inFIG. 8D).

The depicted dispersion nozzle105is attached to the backflow pressure regulator110via a threading nut (e.g., the dispersion nozzle head105A may be attached to an assembly configured to be attached to the backflow pressure regulator110). The depicted dispersion nozzle105is attached to the backflow pressure regulator110opposite the attachment of the delivery hose115.

The backflow pressure regulator110may be adjusted to ensure the proper dispersion pressure at the dispersion nozzle105. For example, the dispersion pressure at the dispersion nozzle105may be defined from approximately 50 pounds per square inches (PSI) to approximately 55 PSI. In some embodiments, such as those where the solution flow path defines a relatively long run (e.g., the dispersion nozzle assembly100is mounted at least 15 feet or more from the pump enclosure assembly131), the dispersion pressure may be set higher pressures. For example, in such circumstances, the dispersion pressure may be set at 101.5 PSI rather than 55 PSI.

The depicted dispersion nozzle assembly100is structured to be mounted within an air handling system. For example, the dispersion nozzle assembly100may be mounted within the air handling system, while the enclosure body135may be mounted remote from the dispersion nozzle assembly100(e.g., the enclosure body135may be mounted on the exterior of the air handling system). The air handling system may be an air rotation unit, such as the air rotation unit1300shown inFIGS. 13A-13B. The dispersion nozzle assembly100may be structured to be mounted above the pump module2000to allow for the solution to remain in the solution flow pathway during non-operation (e.g., in an instance in which the pump230is turned off, the pressure of the solution is not sufficient to overcome the force of gravity and the solution will remain within the solution flow pathway).

The depicted dispersion nozzle assembly100may be designed to be disposed upstream of a heating and/or cooling coil of an HVAC system. As such, the solution being dispersed via the dispersion nozzle105may enter the central core area of the air stream travelling along the HVAC system. In various embodiments, the positioning of the dispersion nozzle assembly100may encourage the dispersed fluid particles in the solution to remain airborne and are less likely to contact and remain trapped on duct walls (e.g., by entering the air steam and leaving the air handling system).

FIGS. 9A and 9Bdepicts three orthogonal views of a dispersion nozzle head105A structured in accordance with one example embodiment. The depicted dispersion nozzle head105A includes a generally flat body portion made out of stainless steel that defines a curvilinear shaping flange910extending therefrom. In some embodiments, the curvilinear shaping flange is formed into the body portion of the dispersion nozzle head105A by a stamping operation.

The depicted dispersion nozzle head105A defines a nozzle outlet900positioned within its curvilinear shaping flange910. The depicted dispersion nozzle head105A defines a singular nozzle outlet900but other embodiments might have two or more nozzle outlets (not shown). The depicted curvilinear shaping flange910defines a narrow portion920proximate the nozzle outlet900(e.g., creating an hourglass type shape).

The depicted nozzle outlet900is structured, with the depicted curvilinear shaping flange910, to dispense the anti-pathogenic solution into the air stream in a dispersion pattern. The dispersion pattern produced by the depicted dispersion nozzle head105A is a flat fan dispersion pattern. The flat fan dispersion pattern is produced as solution exits the nozzle outlet900and is forced through the hourglass shape of the curvilinear shaping flange910. In one embodiment, the flat fan pattern produced by the depicted dispersion nozzle head105A may be approximately 12 inches to approximately 18 inches wide.

The dispersion pattern of the depicted dispersion nozzle105can be adjusted via the pressure adjustor840of the backflow pressure regulator110(shown inFIG. 8E). Upon initial startup, the solution potentially exits the dispersion nozzle head105A in an undesired dispersion pattern (e.g., either too high of a dispersion pressure or too low of a dispersion pressure). In such an instance, the backflow pressure regulator is adjusted to reach the desired dispersion pattern (e.g., the backflow pressure regulator may be adjusted to form a fan shaped pattern). For example, in an instance in which the initial dispersion pressure has too little of a dispersion pressure, the pressure adjustor840of the backflow pressure regulator110can be turned in the clockwise direction to increase the dispersion pressure. Upon achieving the desired dispersion pattern, the pressure adjustor840of the backflow pressure regulator110remains in place to maintain the dispersion pattern for subsequent dispersion events.

The depicted dispersion nozzle head105A is structured to deliver a dispersion event dosage of solution over a given dispersion event period. The dispersion event dosage may be from approximately 1.2 fluid ounces to approximately 1.5 fluid ounces of solution. The dispersion event period may be approximately 5 seconds to approximately 10 seconds. The dispersion event period may be from approximately 6 seconds to approximately 8 seconds. The dispersion nozzle head105A may be structured to deliver from 1.2 fluid ounces to 1.5 fluid ounces of the solution over a 6 second dispersion event period.

Referring now toFIG. 10, an example circuit board enclosure1000is provided. The depicted circuit board enclosure1000is configured as a box or housing to protect a circuit board (e.g., controller220shown inFIG. 11) used to control the dispersion of the solution. In various embodiments, the circuit board enclosure1000may be made out of a plastic, a polycarbonate, stamped metal, and/or a similar material. The circuit board enclosure1000may be mounted within the enclosure body135discussed herein.

FIG. 11is a schematic illustration of a controller220structured in accordance with embodiments of the present invention. The depicted controller220includes a printed circuit board (PCB)1100. The PCB1100includes one or more processors, non-transitory memory, and/or the like. The PCB1100is configured to execute the computer program instructions discussed below in reference toFIG. 16.

In various embodiments, the PCB1100includes means for actuating the dispersion valve assembly235and/or the pick-up valve130. The PCB1100also may include means for operating the solution distribution system10to provide a specific dispersion event period and dispersion pressure. The PCB1100may also include means for activating and deactivating the solution distribution system10at a dispersion interval (e.g., by activating and deactivating the pump230and the dispersion valve assembly235).

The PCB1100may also include means for causing a first dispersion event via the dispersion nozzle assembly. The PCB1100may also include means for causing a second dispersion event via the dispersion nozzle assembly. The PCB1100may also include means for monitoring one or more pathogens that may be present in an air stream and for engaging the control valve (e.g., the dispersion valve assembly235) to dispense anti-pathogenic solution into the monitored air stream when the amount of detected pathogens exceeds a predetermined threshold.

The PCB1100may include, be associated with, or may otherwise be in communication with a processing circuitry, which includes a processor and a memory device, and a communication interface. In some embodiments, the processor (and/or co-processors or any other processing circuitry assisting or otherwise associated with the processor) may be in communication with the memory device via a bus for passing information among components of the apparatus. The memory device may be non-transitory and may include, for example, one or more volatile and/or non-volatile memories. In other words, for example, the memory device may be an electronic storage device (for example, a computer readable storage medium) comprising gates configured to store data (for example, bits) that may be retrievable by a machine (for example, a computing device like the processor). The memory device may be configured to store information, data, content, applications, instructions, or the like for enabling the apparatus to carry out various functions in accordance with an example embodiment of the present invention. For example, the memory device could be configured to buffer input data for processing by the processor. Additionally or alternatively, the memory device could be configured to store instructions for execution by the processor.

In an example embodiment, the processor of the PCB1100may be configured to execute instructions stored in the memory device of the PCB1100or otherwise accessible to the processor. Alternatively or additionally, the processor may be configured to execute hard coded functionality. As such, whether configured by hardware or software methods, or by a combination thereof, the processor may represent an entity (for example, physically embodied in circuitry) capable of performing operations according to an embodiment of the present disclosure while configured accordingly. Thus, for example, when the processor is embodied as an ASIC, FPGA or the like, the processor may be specifically configured hardware for conducting the operations described herein. Alternatively, as another example, when the processor is embodied as an executor of software instructions, the instructions may specifically configure the processor to perform the algorithms and/or operations described herein when the instructions are executed. However, in some cases, the processor may be a processor of a specific device (for example, the computing device) configured to employ an embodiment of the present invention by further configuration of the processor by instructions for performing the algorithms and/or operations described herein. The processor14may include, among other things, a clock, an arithmetic logic unit (ALU) and logic gates configured to support operation of the processor.

As shown inFIG. 11, the PCB1100is electrically connected to the pump230, the indicator light210, the purge button145, and the power switch215. In various embodiments, the PCB1100may be powered via the power switch215(e.g., the power cord140may be plugged into the power switch215). The PCB1100may provide power to the pump230. In some embodiments, the PCB1100may also activate the indicator light210. The PCB1100may receive a signal from the purge button145in an instance the purge button145has been engaged.

The controller220may be capable of adjusting the dispersion event period, the dispersion interval, and/or the dispersion pressure. In various embodiments, the controller220may have a plurality of settings that allows for the dispersion event period, the dispersion interval, and/or the dispersion pressure to be changed. Alternatively, the controller may be pre-programmed, such as by a manufacturer with specific dispersion event period, dispersion interval, and/or dispersion pressure.

FIG. 12Adepicts a suction hose assembly of an example embodiment. The depicted suction hose assembly includes a suction hose120, a threading nut1205A, a holding ring1200A, and a pipe holder1210A. In some embodiments, the suction hose assembly may include a plurality of threading nuts1205A provided a various points along its length (e.g., in some instances, one threading nut1205A may be provided to removably couple with the pick-up valve130and another threading nut1205A may be provided to removably couple with the dispersion valve assembly235).

The depicted holding ring1200A may be received by the threading nut1205A to ensure a fluid-tight connection for the threading nut1205A. The pipe holder1210A may be inserted in the end of the suction hose120to provide additional rigidity to the suction hose120(e.g., the pipe holder1210A may have a through-hole that allows the solution to pass therethrough). The depicted suction hose120is a flexible tubing (e.g., made out of plastic or the like).

FIG. 12Bdepicts a delivery hose assembly of an example embodiment. The depicted delivery hose assembly includes a delivery hose115, a threading nut1205B, a holding ring1200B, and a pipe holder1210B. The delivery hose assembly may include a plurality of the threading nuts1205B extending along its length (e.g., in some instances, one threading nut1205B may be provided to removably couple with the backflow pressure regulator110and another threading nut1205B may be provided to removably couple with the dispersion valve assembly235). In such multiple threading nut examples, additional holding rings1200B and pipe holders1210B may be provided.

The depicted holding ring1200B may be received by the threading nut to ensure a fluid-tight connection. The pipe holder1210B may be inserted in the end of the delivery hose115to provide additional rigidity to the delivery hose115(e.g., the pipe holder1210B may have a through-hole that allows the solution to pass therethrough). The depicted delivery hose115is formed from a flexible tubing (e.g., made out of plastic or the like).

Referring now toFIGS. 13A-13B, an example air handling system (e.g., air rotation unit1300) is provided.FIGS. 13B, 14A, and 14Bshow various components of an example solution distribution system10of various embodiments installed on an air rotation unit1300. While various examples discussed herein are described in reference to an air rotation unit1300, various embodiments of the solution distribution system10may be used with various other air handling systems as will be apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art.

In some embodiments, a selected air rotation unit1300may be used in conjunction with one or more additional air rotation units (not shown). In such circumstances, a solution distribution system10may be provided for one or more of said air rotation units. For example, a single solution distribution system10may be configured to treat an environment managed by several air rotation units. In other embodiments, each air handling system (e.g., air rotation unit1300) may receive its own installed solution distribution system10. As will be appreciated by one of ordinary skill in the art, air handling systems such as the depicted air rotation unit1300include one or more heating and/or cooling coils1400as discussed in reference toFIG. 13C.

As shown inFIG. 13B, the depicted pump enclosure assembly131is mounted on the exterior of the air rotation unit1300. The depicted pump enclosure assembly131is mounted on the air rotation unit1300via screws or other fasteners. The solution container150(not shown inFIG. 13B) may also be disposed on the exterior of the air rotation unit1300. In various embodiments, the solution container may be mounted below the enclosure body135to allow for proper operation. As shown, the delivery hose115may enter the interior of the air rotation unit1300(e.g., via a hole in the air rotation unit) in order to connect to the dispersion nozzle assembly100mounted inside the air rotation unit1300(as shown inFIG. 14A). The pump enclosure assembly131may also be mounted within the air handling system (e.g., within the air rotation unit1300). The pump enclosure assembly131may be mounted at any non-freezing location internal or external to the air handling system (e.g., air rotation unit1300).

The depicted enclosure body135includes the controller220and the pump module (e.g., the pump230and the dispersion valve assembly235). The depicted pump enclosure assembly131(e.g., the enclosure body135and internal components) defines a main enclosure weight. The main enclosure weight may be less than 5 kilograms (e.g., to allow for simpler installation).

Referring now toFIG. 14A, the dispersion nozzle assembly100of an example embodiment is shown installed within an air rotation unit1300. The dispersion nozzle assembly100is configured to be mounted in a stable and accessible location within a given air handling system.

The dispersion nozzle assembly100may be structured to be positioned to discharge solution onto a hard surface of the air handling system. The hard surface in which the dispersion nozzle assembly100disperses the solution onto may be any surface in which an air stream passes over (e.g., to allow the solution to enter the air stream. The hard surface that receives the dispersed solution may be the coil1400(as shown inFIG. 14A) or a fan (as shown inFIG. 14B). Additionally or alternatively, the hard surface may be part of the frame of the air handling system (e.g., the cabinetry framework or squirrel cage of the air rotation unit1300). Various other surfaces may be contemplated as long as the given surface is positioned within or along the air stream path of the air handling system.

The depicted dispersion nozzle assembly100is mounted near the return air port of the air handling system. The dispersion nozzle assembly100may be mounted upstream of a heating and/or cooling coil of the air rotation unit. For example, the depicted dispersion nozzle105is directed towards the coil1400shown inFIG. 14A. The dispersion nozzle105may be directed, when mounted, such that the solution dispersed enters the central core area of the air stream. The dispersion nozzle assembly100may be attached via screws and/or other attachment methods (e.g., the dispersion nozzle assembly100may be screwed to the air rotation unit via the one or more regulator attachment points820A,820B on the regulator base800of the backflow pressure regulator110.

Referring now toFIG. 14B, another example mounting location within an air rotation unit for a dispersion nozzle assembly100is shown. In various embodiments, the dispersion nozzle assembly100may be structured to be mounted with the dispersion nozzle105positioned facing the supply fan1410. For example, the dispersion nozzle assembly100may be installed at a location such that the dispersion nozzle105directs the solution into the supply fan1410for distribution.FIG. 14Billustrates a horizontal air handling system (e.g., the solution distribution system10may be implemented in various sized air handling systems).

Method of Assembling a Solution Distribution System

Referring now toFIG. 15, a method of assembling a solution distribution system, such as various embodiments discussed herein, is provided. The solution distribution system10may be configured to dispense an anti-pathogenic solution into an air stream managed by an air handling system. As discussed above in reference toFIG. 13A, the air handling system may be an air rotation unit1300. In various embodiments, the air handling system may be a draw through or blow through air handler.

The anti-pathogenic solution may, in various embodiments, be non-metallic. The solution may have a pH value of between approximately 1.5 and approximately 1.6. The solution may have a specific gravity of between approximately 1.10 and approximately 1.30.

Referring now to Block1510ofFIG. 15, the method of assembly a solution distribution system10may include providing a dispersion nozzle assembly100structured to dispense the anti-pathogenic solution into the air stream in a dispersion pattern. As discussed above in more detail in reference toFIGS. 8A-8E, the dispersion nozzle assembly100may include a backflow pressure regulator110. As discussed below in reference to Block1520and1530, the backflow pressure regulator110may be disposed along the solution flow path between the control valve (e.g., the dispersion valve assembly235or the pick-up valve130) and the dispersion nozzle105. The backflow pressure regulator110may be structured to limit air introduction into the solution flow path.

The dispersion nozzle105may be structured to produce an angular fan dispersion pattern of solution. The dispersion pattern of solution may be a pulsating spray. The pulsating spray may have a pulsation period that is a subset of the dispersion event period. The pulsating spray may be defined as a 0.5 second burst for a total dispersion event period of 6 seconds (12 pulses during the dispersion event period).

The dispersion nozzle105may be structured to distribute the solution in the angular fan dispersion pattern at a desired molecule size. For example, the dispersion nozzle105may be structured to distribute the solution in the angular fan dispersion pattern at a molecule size of between approximately 8 and approximately 15 microns. In various embodiments, the size of the molecule may assist the distribution of the solution into the air stream. The dispersion nozzle105may be structured for mounting upstream of a heating or cooling coil of the air rotation unit (e.g., as shown inFIG. 14A).

In some embodiments, the dispersion nozzle105may be structured to disperse the anti-pathogenic solution as formulated to pass a Virucidal Hard-Surface Efficacy Test for Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-related Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)(COVID-19 Virus) under Protocol No. GLO.1.07.01.20.

Referring now to Block1520ofFIG. 15, the method of assembly a solution distribution system10may include coupling a pump module to the dispersion nozzle assembly. The pump module may be configured to deliver the anti-pathogenic solution to the dispersion nozzle assembly100at a dispersion pressure. The pump module may be coupled to the dispersion nozzle assembly100via a delivery hose115.

The pump module2000may include a pump230and a dispersion valve assembly235. The pump230may be configured to draw the solution from the pick-up valve130and provide said solution to the dispersion nozzle assembly100. The controller220and the pump module may be the only draw of electricity by the solution distribution system10during operation (e.g., the solution distribution system10may draw approximately 0.8 amps during a dispersion event). The method may also include enclosing the pump module and the controller within the enclosure body135. The pump enclosure assembly131(e.g., the enclosure body, the pump module, and the controller220) may define a main enclosure weight. The main enclosure weight may be less than 5 kilograms. The enclosure body135may be configured for mounting to an exterior wall of the air rotation unit (e.g., as shown inFIG. 13B). The pump module may allow for free flow of the liquid without air entrainment.

In various embodiments, the method of assembling a solution distribution system10may also include providing a fluid pickup assembly155including a pick-up valve130coupled to the pump module. The fluid pickup assembly155(and subsequently the pick-up valve130) may be coupled to the pump module via the suction hose120. The fluid pickup assembly155may also include a strainer module700. The strainer module700may define a cylindrical filter body structured to limit sediment within the solution container from entering the solution flow path. The fluid pickup assembly155may be configured to be disposed within a solution container150, such that the fluid pickup assembly155draws the solution from the solution container150into the solution flow pathway. The depicted strainer module700is weighted to remain upright within the solution container150.

In various embodiments, the solution flow path may be defined between the pick-up valve130and the dispersion nozzle assembly100. The solution flow path may begin at the pick-up valve130as the solution is drawn through the suction hose120via the pump, into the dispersion valve assembly235(e.g., three-way valve) and into the delivery hose115before ending up in the dispersion nozzle assembly100.

Referring now to Block1530ofFIG. 15, the method of assembling a solution distribution system10may include providing a controller220disposed in electrical communication with a control valve and the pump module. The controller220may be configured to engage the control valve to dispense the anti-pathogenic solution via the dispersion nozzle assembly100into the air stream for a dispersion event period and at a dispersion interval.

In various embodiments, the controller220may programmable (e.g., to allow the dispersion event period and/or dispersion interval to be changed). In various embodiments, the control valve may be the pick-up valve. Alternatively, the control valve may be the dispersion valve assembly235(e.g., three-way valve as actuated by the pump230). The control valve may be actuated by the controller to move the solution distribution system10between a delivery mode, a bleeding mode, and a non-operating mode, as discussed above in reference toFIG. 6A. The actuation of the control valve may be based on the activation of the pump230.

The dispersion event dosage may be based on the dispersion event period and the dispersion pressure of the solution distribution system10. At least one of the dispersion event period or the dispersion pressure may be selected based on the desired dispersion event dosage of the solution. The desired dispersion event dosage of the solution may be between approximately 1.2 fluid ounces and approximately 1.5 fluid ounces into the air stream. The dispersion event period may be from approximately 6 seconds to approximately 8 seconds. Various other dispersion event periods may be used for other applications of the solution distribution system10(e.g., a residential unit may have a shorter dispersion event period). The dispersion pressure may be between approximately 50 PSI and approximately 55 PSI. The dispersion event dosage may be between approximately 1.2 fluid ounces and approximately 1.5 fluid ounces into the air stream in an instance in which the dispersion event period is approximately 6 seconds to approximately 8 seconds and the dispersion pressure is between approximately 50 PSI and approximately 55 PSI.

The dispersion interval may be the amount of time between each dispersion event. For example, the dispersion interval may be approximately 30 minutes to approximately 90 minutes. The dispersion interval may be approximately 60 minutes. In an example embodiment, the solution distribution system10may be configured to dispense approximately 1.2 fluid ounces and approximately 1.5 fluid ounces of the solution in 6 seconds, before waiting a dispersion interval of 60 minutes to dispense additional solution.

The dispersion event period, the angular fan dispersion pattern, and/or the dispersion event interval may be selected based on the number of solution molecules to be distributed to the air steam over a treatment period. For example, the dispersion event period, the angular fan dispersion pattern, and/or the dispersion event interval may be selected to distribute over ten million anti-pathogenic solution molecules into the air stream over a treatment period of between approximately 6 and approximately 8 hours. The anti-pathogenic solution of an example embodiment is distributed into the air stream by being impinged on one or more hard surfaces of the interior HVAC system (e.g., cabinet, coil(s), drain pan, fan, and/or blower assembly).

Method of Dispensing the Solution into an Air Stream

Referring now toFIG. 16, a method of dispensing an anti-pathogenic solution into an air stream managed by an air handling system is provided.

The solution distribution system of various embodiments is configured to produce dispersion events that are well suited for distribution into an air stream based on principles of Brownian motion to remove pathogens from the air. Brownian motion is the random movement of particles in a fluid medium (e.g., an air stream) due to their collisions with other atoms or molecules in the surrounding medium. Even though a particle may be large compared to the size of atoms and molecules in the surrounding medium, it can be set in motion by bombardment with many tiny, fast-moving masses. Brownian motion may be considered a macroscopic (visible) picture of a particle influenced by many microscopic random effects.

Because the movements of atoms and molecules in a liquid and gas is random, over time, larger particles will disperse evenly throughout the medium. If there are two adjacent regions of matter and region A contains twice as many particles as region B, the probability that a particle will leave region A to enter region B is twice as high as the probability a particle will leave region B to enter A. Diffusion, the movement of particles from a region of higher to lower concentration, can be considered a macroscopic example of Brownian motion.

Any factor that affects the movement of particles in a fluid impacts the rate of Brownian motion. For example, increased temperature, increased number of particles, small particle size, and low viscosity increase the rate of motion. Random movement and collision with other particles are highly affected by air velocity and space limitations. Thus, pathogenic particles (e.g., COVID-19 (SARS CoV2)) randomly moving in a confined spatial environment have an extremely high probability of coming in contact with a potentially lethal counter particle.

Embodiments of the solution distribution system are configured to dispense anti-pathogenic solution particles into an air stream that is managed by an air handling system in a manner designed to take advantage of Brownian motion principles. Each dispersion event produced by embodiments of the solution distribution system discussed herein includes anti-pathogenic solution that is micro vaporized into molecules ranging from 8 microns to 15 microns in size. The solution distribution system was designed to take advantage of the fact that virus-laden small (<5 μm) aerosolized droplets can remain in the air and travel long distances allowing for the potential aerosol transmission of COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2). Various embodiments of the herein disclosed solution distribution system have an average dispersion rate of 5 gallons/18.927 liters per 3-week period. The total dispersion is not critically tied to a heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) system total cubic feet per minute (cfm) (volume of air) as some other competing systems might require, but rather to the fact that the total number of cubic feet of molecular volume can reach 10 million individual solution molecules per 1 cubic meter of conditioned space circulating per hour.

Embodiments of the present disclosure provide introduction of small amounts of anti-pathogenic solution over a constant period of time (the very essence of toxicity: dose x duration). Since fresh air makeup will introduce additional pathogens there is a constant reintroduction of fresh anti-pathogenic solution to address both those recirculating airborne pathogens and provide continued surface protection on a daily basis. Surface protection is achieved through the addition of a non-chemical binding agent to the anti-pathogenic solution which allows some of the circulating molecules to adhere to the surface of an associated air handling system and to any surfaces that might be contacted by a treated air stream.

In order for the anti-pathogenic solution to attack and neutralize any pathogen, physical contact must be made between the solution and the pathogen. Physical contact with solution with the COVID-19-(SARS CoV2) results in disruption of the viral envelope membrane structure thereby nullifying the pathogenicity of the virus. Solution distribution systems as discussed herein are designed to introduce dispersion events of a defined size and frequency that introduce an extraordinary volume of anti-pathogenic molecules into a treated air stream that are toxic to COVID-19-(SARS CoV2). The air stream is circulated by an air handling system and the anti-pathogenic molecules remain in proximity to the virus ensuring that molecules of the solution bombard and thereby destroy the virus consistent with principles of Brownian motion.

Lethality (toxicity), as previously discussed, is a simple function of Dose x Duration. By providing constant anti-pathogenic solution in a manner that will allow impingement with the invading pathogen, positive results will be achieved. Embodiments of the present disclosure are designed to infuse a small amount of solution into the air stream on a continually timed basis. Frequency and amount of product infusion is based on application requirements.

Solution distribution systems that are structured as discussed herein are configured to consistently maintain sufficient quantities of properly sized anti-pathogenic solution molecules in an air stream to produce high levels of treatment efficacy and viral load reduction. The answer to providing long-term protection is attacking the problem to mitigate the ability of pathogens to remain airborne and recirculate over and over within the conditioned space without their coming in contact with the anti- pathogenic product and being neutralized. The solution distribution system was designed and developed to produce small micron product vaporization which would be entrained with the same air carrying the pathogens continuously throughout the building environmental system. This puts the problem (i.e., the pathogen) in proximity to the solution (i.e., properly sized and dispersed anti-pathogenic solution molecules).

Since the retention rate in moving air is actually logarithmic or exponential, the dwell time for the pathogen in moving air could be as long as 3 to 4 hours. That is indicative of the pathogens not only travelling within the solution distribution system but coming in contact with the entire surface area of that solution distribution system. This single factor is the key to permanent protection in buildings. Without physically having a Covid-19 disinfectant infused into the conditioned space all the filter will do is to pull the air with all the virus in it into the filter. That will cause the supply and return air filters to be infected with the virus. This will necessitate the installation of UV lights at the filters to kill those viruses. If the HVAC blowers are off and people come into the building, they will spread the virus. The HVAC blower will then have to run continuously all the time and even then, some of the virus will come into contact with surfaces in the building as they travel back into the return filter duct. You would need even more UV lights to disinfect those surfaces in the building. The investment for such schemes will be tremendous. The solution distribution system discussed herein allows for elimination of pathogens without the need for UV lights or additional safety features.

The method ofFIG. 16may be carried out by various embodiments of the solution distribution systems10discussed herein. In various embodiments, the solution distribution system10may include a computer program product that includes at least one non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having computer-executable program code portions stored therein. The computer-executable program code portions may include program code instructions. The computer executable program code portions may be carried out by the controller220. The computer-executable program code portions may include program code instructions configured to carry out the methods discussed in reference toFIG. 16.

Referring now to Block1610ofFIG. 16, the method of dispensing an anti-pathogenic solution into an air stream managed by an air handling system may include causing a first dispersion event via a dispersion nozzle assembly. The first dispersion event may provide a dispersion event dosage of anti-pathogenic solution for a dispersion event period. The first dispersion event and any subsequent dispersion events may provide the solution at a dispersion pressure (e.g., a dispersion pressure may be between 50 PSI and 55 PSI). The first dispersion event may be caused via any embodiment of the dispersion nozzle assembly100discussed herein. The solution may be dispensed upstream of the heating or cooling coil of the air rotation unit.

In various embodiments, the air volume in an area in which the air rotation unit is servicing may be monitored. For example, the air in a room being serviced by the air rotation unit may be monitored for one or more pathogens. The one or more pathogens tested for may be a microorganism, such as Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella enterica, and/or various spores (e.g., Ascospores, Basidiospores, Bipolaris, Botrytis, Chaetomium, Cladosporium, Curvularia, Epicoccum, Fusarium, Myrothecium, Nigrospora, Penicillium, Pithomyces, Rusts, smuts, Periconia, Myxomycetes, Stachybotrys, Stemphylium, Torula, Ulocladium, Zygomycetes, pollen, skin cells, background debris, and/or hyphal fragments). The solution distribution system10may be structured to kill one or more pathogens discussed above. The solution distribution system10may be capable of killing various pathogens, including SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19 Virus). The pathogens killed by the solution distribution system10may be based on the solution used in the solution distribution system10. The monitoring of the air may be performed via a sensor. For example, a particle counter sensor can be used to monitor particle size (e.g., the particle counter sensor can be configured to identify one or more fungi, bacteria, yeast, and/or virus based on a certain particle size). The monitoring may be automatic or manually (e.g., a user may check the air quality with a handheld sensor). The monitoring may be continuous (e.g., a sensor may be installed to continuously monitor the air quality). Alternatively, the monitoring may be periodic at a predetermined monitor interval time. In some instances, the air may not be monitored (e.g., a dispersion event is initiated at the dispersion interval regardless of air content or quality).

In various embodiments, use of the solution distribution system10may result in a pathogen content reduction of 90%. Various different dispersion event periods, dispersion event dosages, and/or dispersion intervals may be used to change the efficiency of the solution distribution system10(e.g., the desired efficiency may be different for different application such as residential, commercial, and/or industrial).

The first dispersion event may be caused by the engagement of a control valve (e.g., the dispersion valve assembly235) to dispense the anti-pathogenic solution via the dispersion nozzle assembly100into the air stream for the dispersion event period. For example, the dispersion valve assembly235may be moved into delivery mode as discussed above in reference toFIG. 6A. The dispersion valve assembly235(e.g., three-way valve) may be engaged between modes by the controller as discussed above.

At the conclusion of the dispersion event period, the control valve may be engaged to block dispensing of the solution via the dispersion nozzle assembly100. For example, the dispersion valve assembly235(e.g., three-way valve) may be moved into the non-operating mode discussed above in reference toFIG. 6A.

As discussed above in reference toFIG. 15, the dispersion event period and/or the dispersion pressure may be selected to deliver the dispersion event dosage of the anti-pathogenic solution between approximately 1.2 fluid ounces to approximately 1.5 fluid ounces. The dispersion event period may be from approximately 6 seconds to approximately 8 seconds.

Referring now to Block1620ofFIG. 16, the method of dispensing an anti-pathogenic solution into an air stream managed by an air handling system may include causing a second dispersion event via the dispersion nozzle assembly at a dispersion interval. The second dispersion event may provide the dispersion event dosage of anti-pathogenic solution for the dispersion event period.

The second dispersion event may be caused by the engagement of a control valve (e.g., the pick-up valve130or the dispersion valve assembly235(e.g., three-way valve)) to dispense the anti-pathogenic solution via the dispersion nozzle assembly100into the air stream for the dispersion event period. For example, the dispersion valve assembly235(e.g., three-way valve) may be moved from the non-operating mode into delivery mode as discussed above in reference toFIG. 6A. At the conclusion of the dispersion event period, the control valve may be engaged to block dispensing of the solution via the dispersion nozzle assembly100. For example, the dispersion valve assembly235(e.g., three-way valve) may be moved into the non-operating mode discussed above in reference toFIG. 6A.

In various embodiments, the dispersion event dosage and/or the dispersion event period of the second dispersion event may be approximately the same as the first dispersion event. In various embodiments, the dispersion event dosage and/or the dispersion event period of the second dispersion event may be different than the first dispersion event (e.g., the first dispersion event dosage may be greater than the second dispersion event dosage).

The dispersion interval may be the amount of time between each dispersion event. For example, the dispersion interval may be approximately 30 minutes to approximately 90 minutes. The dispersion interval may be approximately 60 minutes. In an example embodiment, the solution distribution system10may be configured to dispense approximately 1.2 fluid ounces and approximately 1.5 fluid ounces of the solution in 6 seconds, before waiting a dispersion interval of 60 minutes to dispense additional solution.

Referring now to Block1630ofFIG. 16, the method of dispensing an anti-pathogenic solution into an air stream managed by an air handling system may include causing one or more additional dispersion events at the dispersion interval after the second dispersion event.

In various embodiments, the dispersion interval may be the same between subsequent dispersion events as the dispersion interval between the first dispersion event and the second dispersion event (e.g., a dispersion event may be performed every hour).

In some embodiments, dispersion events may only be carried out only during certain times (e.g., dispersion event timing may be based on the work schedule for an office). For example, dispersion events may only be scheduled for weekdays or more often during weekdays. In various embodiments, the controller220discussed herein may be programmable for different environments (e.g., the solution distribution system10may have a setting based on days of the week, type of environment, size of the area serviced, and/or the like).