Hot runner nozzle

A hot runner (10) with an externally heated material pipe (16) and die tip (26) comprises a pre-mounted heating unit (20) with a sealing body (24) which supports a pipe (40) for a heat sensor (34) in a circumferential segment (46). The sealing body (24) made in particular of brass encloses concentrically an insulated heating coil (23) in a steel pipe (22) which is mechanically protected by a partly sleeve-shaped retaining element (42). For example the sensor pipe (40) is supported in the sealing body (24) and is positively and/or adhesively retained between the edges of peripheral ends of a perforated sheet (42). The steel pipe 22) has a lateral recess (44) for inserting the connection points (36) of the heat sensor (34). The material pipe (16) is insertable into the heating device (20) and is able to conduct heat with the close positioning of its shaft (17) against the inner wall (25).

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
The present invention generally relates to a hot runner. 
A series of externally heated hot runners have been available for a long 
time, for example IN U.S. Pat. No. 3,091,812 of DE-A-2 716 9050. Proposals 
for the installation of heat sensors were made relatively early, e.g., 
NL-A-7 900 927. In some cases expensive heating coils were provided. 
However, the connection points and insulation of such coils can be 
problematical. In addition, the heat generated by such devices was mostly 
concentrated on the inside and heat escaped at the die tip through the 
cooler mould cavity, thereby reducing the sprue quality of the article 
produced. 
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
The objective of the present invention is to create an improved hot runner 
which not only provides effective heating up to the region of the die tip 
but also permits a simplified, reliable and protected attachment of a heat 
sensor thereto. The hot runner according to the invention will thus be 
economical to produce and easy to assemble. 
The main features of the invention are described in the specification and 
recited in the claims appended hereto. 
In a hot runner with an externally heated material pipe (i.e., feed tube) 
which is insertable into a housing and comprises a die tip at the bottom 
end and a heat sensor guided to this region, in which the heat sensor and 
the heating system are provided laterally with electric connection points, 
according to one aspect of the invention, the heating system is designed 
as a pre-mounted heating unit with a sealing body. This construction makes 
it possible to assemble the hot runner as a stable unit in such a way as 
to save space and time. At the same time good heat transfer, and thereby 
high operational effectiveness, is ensured. 
In accordance with another feature of the invention, the sealing body 
supports a sensor pipe accommodating the heat sensor, in particular in a 
circumferential segment of the sealing body. In this way, excellent 
mechanical protection and an easy method of assembly is provided. 
According to another feature of the invention, the sealing body is 
preferably made of brass and encloses an insulated heating coil inside a 
steel pipe which can be centered in the sealing body by a retaining 
element having a partial sleeve-shape. Preferably, the heating unit is a 
pipe body whose inner wall forms a support wall for a heating coil 
mechanically protected thereby. 
According to another feature of the invention, the steel pipe has a lateral 
recess for inserting the connection points of the heat sensor. Still 
further, the sensor pipe of the inventive structure is preferably 
supported positively and/or adhesively in the sealing body, for example 
between the edges of the peripheral ends of a perforated sheet. This 
arrangement ensures that the heating coil is positioned outside the 
lateral recess and the sensor pipe. 
According to another aspect of the invention, the material pipe is 
insertable into the heating unit so as to conduct heat, a shaft of the 
material pipe being positioned closely against the inner wall of the 
heating unit. In this way, a simple plug-in assembly with excellent heat 
transfer is formed. 
The connection points of the heating unit and heat sensor are arranged 
above one another according to another feature of the invention, so that 
the pipe can be plugged in a single step into the housing provided for 
this purpose with a lateral recess, namely by insertion in an axial 
direction. 
In a further development of the invention the heating unit is held by a 
centering screw or a centering sleeve on the housing. Only this component 
would need to be replaced to obtain a different embodiment adapted to the 
respective installation conditions. 
Further features, details and advantages of the invention are described in 
the claims and in the following description of embodiments with reference 
to the drawings.

DESCRIPTION OF A PREFERRED EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION 
The hot runner is referred to as a whole by the number 10 and comprises a 
housing 12 with a recess 13 and screw holes 14. A material pipe (or feed 
tube) 16 is insertable into the housing 12 so that its head 18 closes 
flush at the top, which head has a sealing ring 19 for connecting to a 
distributor (not shown). 
The material pipe 16 is inserted into a heating unit 20 having a steel pipe 
22, in which there is a heating coil 23 (FIG. 2a) inside a sealing body 
24. The coil 23 is centered by an inserted perforated sheet 42, which when 
manufactured is a solid block with the brass sealing material until the 
block is bored out concentrically to form an inner wall 25. The inner wall 
holds the long shaft 17 of the material pipe 16 into which a die tip 26 is 
inserted at the bottom, preferably by a screw. The die tip 26 continues 
the heating channel up to the plane of a die cavity F indicated by a 
dash-dot line. 
The heating coil 23 is provided with connection points 30 which are mounted 
in a connector 32 and are intended for connection to a power supply (not 
shown). The connection points 30 are insulated and pass at a lateral 
recess 31 out of the heating unit 20 without making contact with the 
housing. 
An L-shaped recess 44 is provided in the steel pipe 22 (FIG. 2c), which is 
for guiding the connection points 36 of a heat sensor 34 in the heating 
unit 20 downwards from a connector 38. The heating unit includes a sensor 
pipe 40 which is positioned in a segment 46 forming a chamber, i.e., 
between the peripheral ends of the perforated sheet 42 as shown in FIG. 
2b. The arrangement in FIG. 2c is off-set by 45.degree., as seen in 
comparison with the positionally correct arrangement of FIG. 2b. It can be 
seen from this that the perforated sheet 42 forms an open hollow cylinder 
whereby the segment 46 is provided as a chamber in which the sensor pipe 
40 is located. It can be gripped from the side by the peripheral ends of 
the perforated sheet 42 which can be edged for this purpose. In the sensor 
pipe 40 the heat sensor 34 extends to the die tip 26 as far as permitted 
by the space required by the heating coil 23. 
The heating unit 20 can be supported by means of a centering screw 28 (FIG. 
1 right) or a centering sleeve 29 (FIG. 1 left) on the housing 12 by a 
screw connection 21. The design chosen depends on the form of a prechamber 
bush V indicated by dash dot lines which can be selected for installation 
into a tool (not shown). Whereas the construction with a short centering 
screw 28 leaves the bottom region of the heating unit 20 free, in the 
construction with the centering sleeve 29 a shaft foot 48 connects 
thereto, the bottom end 49 of which guides the shaft 17 of the material 
pipe 16 in the region of the die tip 26. 
It can be seen that the heating device 20 forms a very stable connecting 
body in which the heat sensor 34 is arranged in a mechanically protected 
fashion. The main advantages of the invention are that the heating coil 
23, which can be designed as a helical pipe cartridge, is centered in the 
steel pipe 22 by the perforated sheet 42 and by means of the seal 24, 
preferably made of brass, is able to conduct heat well. The sensor pipe 40 
is made in particular of high quality steel and is arranged so that it is 
guided past the heating coil 23 into the bottom region of the hot runner 
10. In this way the sensor pipe 40 offers mechanical protection for the 
connection points 36 to the heat sensor 34 made for example of Fe/CuNi, 
which detects its temperature by being embedded in the sealing body 24. 
The invention is not restricted to the embodiments shown. It can be seen 
however that a hot runner 10 with an externally heated material pipe 16 
and die tip 26 according to the invention has a pre-mounted heating unit 
20 with a sealing body 24 which supports a pipe 40 for a heat sensor 34 in 
a circumferential segment 46. The sealing body 24 made in particular of 
brass encloses concentrically an insulated heating coil 23 in a steel pipe 
22 which heating coil is protected mechanically by a partly sleeve-shaped 
support element 42. For example, the sensor pipe 40 is mounted in the 
sealing body 24 and is positively and/or adhesively retained between the 
edges of peripheral ends of a perforated sheet 42. The steel pipe 22 has a 
lateral recess 44 for the insertion of the connection points 36 of the 
heat sensor 34. The material pipe 16 is insertable into the heating unit 
20 and is able to conduct heat with its shaft 17 positioned closely 
against the inner wall 25. 
All the features and advantages described in the claims, the description 
and the drawings, including constructive details and the arrangement of 
parts can be deemed essential to the invention both in themselves and in 
the most diverse combinations.