Cordless cellular and pleated shade

A cordless cellular or pleated window shade having a head rail, a bottom rail and a pleated shade fabric therebetween uses a conventional spring tensioned roller shade bar for raising and lowering the shade without draw cords. A lead screw permanently affixed to an end cap of the head rail threadingly engages one end of the roller shade bar while the opposite end of the roller shade bar has a movable support locking the spring tensioner of the roller shade bar to the support to permit movement of the roller shade bar within the head rail. Lift cords wrap and unwrap themselves about the roller shade bar so that lowering of the shade tensions the spring which spring tension is then used to raise the pleated or cellular shade. The pitch of the lead screw forces the lift cords to wrap themselves about the shade roller bar in a singular, non-overlying manner while the roller shade bar moves within the head rail thereby assuring consistent alignment of the bottom rail with the head rail at any shade position.

This invention relates generally to window shades and more particularly to 
window shades where the window covering is a pleatable fabric, such shades 
conventionally referred to as cellular and/or pleated shades. 
The invention is particularly applicable to and will be described with 
specific reference to a manually operable, cordless mechanism for raising 
and lowering cellular and pleated window shades. Those skilled in the art 
may recognize that the invention may have broader applications and, 
conceivably, could be used in applications where a motorized drive is 
used, or depending upon the shades spring mechanism, the invention could 
be applied to shades other than those have a pleatable fabric. 
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
Manually operated, window shades or coverings presently in wide scale 
commercial use can be classified as either cord type or cordless. 
Cord type arrangements are universally used today to operate Venetian 
blinds, cellular shades, pleated shades, thermally insulated shades, Roman 
and balloon type shades. In all of these shade arrangements, no less than 
two cords (or a single looped cord) hang from the side of the shade and 
extend into a head rail which carries some form of pulley arrangement. The 
pulley arrangement attaches to a set (typically two or three) of draw 
cords or strings which extends through openings in the blind or shade and 
attaches to the bottom rail. Pulling the side cords shorten the draw 
strings so that the bottom rail draws against the head rail and in the 
process folds or pleats the shade or blind. Lateral movement of the side 
cords locks and unlocks the pulley so that the weight of the shade or 
blind will cause the shade or blind to lower. If the lower rail is uneven, 
pulling one of the side cords shortens one of the draw strings to bring 
the bottom rail even. (Venetian blinds typically have a wand on the 
opposite side of the head rail and additional draw strings so that 
rotation of the wand causes the individual slats to open or close.) An 
inherent advantage in cord type shades is that the length of the shade can 
be accurately sized to the length of the window opening. This prevents the 
shade from bunching or gathering in a folded condition when the shade is 
fully drawn to span the window openings. 
There are numerous lock and clutch mechanisms used with cord shades, and 
many clutch mechanisms utilize springs to assist in raising or lowering 
the shades. Examples of such systems may be seen in U.S. Pat. Nos. 
4,623,012, issued Nov. 18,1996 to Rude et al and U.S. Pat. No. 5,228,491 
issued Jul. 20, 1973 to Rude et al. In cord operated mechanisms for window 
coverings, the lift or ladder cords and, in some applications, the draw 
cords also are either wound about a stationary capstan or a laterally 
moving capstan. The laterally moving capstan offers the advantage of 
wrapping the cords in a single layer. There are numerous mechanisms for 
winding the cords about a stationary capstan and numerous mechanisms for 
laterally moving the capstan. 
Even though mass production techniques have reduced the price, the cord 
type arrangement is relatively expensive and typically requires 
installation by trained installers. The cords hanging down from sides of 
the shades are aesthetically unpleasing, especially so in window 
installations where several windows are adjacent one another. The most 
serious drawback, however, is the safety hazard caused by the dangling 
cords. The industry has recognized this problem as evidenced by U.S. Pat. 
No. 5,133,399 to Hiller et al, U.S. Pat. No. 5,485,875 to Genova and the 
earlier U.S. Pat. No. 3,485,285 to Anderle. Recently, voluntary safety 
standards for eliminating or reducing the potential strangulation hazzards 
posed by looped window treatment cords have recently been adopted by The 
Window Covering Manufacturers Association and approved by the American 
National Standards Institute. 
The old fashioned, conventional roller shade bar window shade is 
universally accepted as the cordless window shade of choice. It is low 
cost and installed by the homeowner or end user and does away with the 
problems of a cord. Because the shade must roll onto itself over the 
roller shade bar, it can not be used for Venetian blinds, cellular shades, 
pleated shades, thermally insulated shades, Roman and balloon type shades. 
Furthermore, many of these applications have window covering weights which 
exceed the spring tension generated by conventional roller shade bar 
springs. In fact, because of this limitation, cord drawn shades with 
spring assisted clutches have been developed. 
Nevertheless, the prior art has attempted to develop cordless applications 
for such shades. The cordless prior art can be viewed as falling within 
one of three different design approaches or classifications. 
In the first approach, spring or motor driven pulley arrangements are 
arranged at the sides of the shades or outside the head rail of the shade. 
The shades are basically raised and lowered by rollers in tracks mounted 
on the side of the window not entirely dissimilar to how a garage door 
opens and closes. See for example U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,141,041 to Katz et. al; 
U.S. Pat. No. 4,880,045 to Stahler and U.S. Pat. No. 4,862,941 to Colson. 
For side guides see also, U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,625,786 to Carter et. al; U.S. 
Pat. No. 4,398,585 to Marlow; U.S. Pat. No. 2,325,992 to Wirthman and U.S. 
Pat. No. 948,239 to McManus. In U.S. Pat. No. 2,324,536 to Pratt a spring 
on the support rod provides tension for raising and lowering the Venetian 
blind by moving the bottom rail through tapes outboard of the slats 
contained in enclosed side columns. In this approach, the side rails 
simply make such devices cost prohibitive and unwieldily except for 
special applications. 
The second approach can be summarized as using a spring to wrap the shades 
lift cords about a sheave mounted in the head rail. One variation of this 
design approach is disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 5,482,100 to Kuhar. The 
concept is perhaps best illustrated in U.S. Pat. No. 3,487,875 to Shukat 
et al which discloses a roller bar drawing lift cords about sheaves. 
Wrapping lift cords about themselves will not maintain the bottom rail 
parallel with the head rail. Earlier designs are disclosed in U.S. Pat. 
Nos. 2,037,393 to Roberts; U.S. Pat. No. 2,266,160 to Bums; U.S. Pat. No. 
2,276,716 to Cardona; and U.S. Pat. No. 2,824,608 to Etten. The earlier 
references disclose Venetian blinds having a conventional ratchet pawl 
spring mechanism in which a cord or a thin tape within the ladder tapes 
straddling the slats are would onto a sheave attached to the roller bar 
for raising and lowering the blind. In Letten the cord is outboard. In 
Roberts the ladder tape itself is wound through pulleys onto the rod and 
the ladder tape has notches for engaging a mechanism for changing the 
vertical orientation of the slats held by the ladder tape. The weight of 
the slats of Venetian blinds, even considering today's light weight 
mini-blind materials, make the choice of a conventional, ratchet/pulley 
spring mechanism unacceptable. 
To obtain a sufficiently strong spring which can be inserted inside a 
conventional roller shade bar, the diameter of the bar has to be 
significantly increased. Increasing the diameter of the roller bar means 
the head rail depth has to be increased accordingly and the resulting 
aesthetics would not be acceptable in today's home market. Apart from 
aesthetic considerations, the prior art devices could not maintain the 
bottom rail consistently parallel with the roller shade bar during 
repeated operation of the blind. In today's market a variation in 
alignment of the bottom rail as little as 1/4 inch in a shade having a 
width as short as 36 inches will not be tolerated. While the prior art 
devices could probably achieve this alignment, initially, inevitably 
misalignment caused by repeated shade use, will occur. Further, should the 
bottom rail move out of alignment, there is no way to adjust the blind to 
bring the bottom rail into alignment. 
In the last category of spring drawn shades are those in which the shade 
bar transversely moves within the head rail to cause the lift cords to 
wrap and unwrap about a capstan as the shade is lowered and raised. U.S. 
Pat. No. 5,133,399 to Hiller et al shows such an arrangement in which the 
lift cords are spirally wound onto cone shaped capstans with spiral 
grooves formed therein. As the lift cords are wrapped into the grooves, 
the shade bar, which is mounted onto a platform within the head rail, 
laterally moves with the platform within the head rail. Significantly, the 
size of the cone shaped capstan and the tension of the spring are selected 
to counterbalance one another so that the spring tension maintains the 
shade at any drawn position of the shade. While it is doubtful that the 
calibration between spring and capstan can be maintained, the size of the 
cone shaped capstan coupled with the mounting arrangement will result in 
an excessively large head rail deemed unacceptable in today's market. 
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
It is a principle object of the invention to provide a window shade having 
a pleatable, expandable fabric shade which utilizes a conventional roller 
shade bar spring and tensioner for drawing the shade which can be 
precisely cut to a desired window length. 
This object along with other features of the invention is achieved in a 
cordless shade for a window opening which includes a head rail containing 
a roller shade bar. The roller shade bar has at one end thereof a spring 
and a conventional spring tensioning mechanism for tensioning the spring 
upon shade bar rotation in one direction and releasing the spring tension 
upon opposite shade bar rotation with the releasing of the spring force 
accomplished by applying a manual force rotating the shade bar in the 
tensioning direction. A bottom rail to be raised and lowered relative to 
the top rail is provided along with the shade fabric extending between the 
head and bottom rails for covering the window. The shade fabric has a 
cross sectional configuration which is collapsible into folded plies when 
the shade is raised and extendible to a first position when the shade is 
fully lowered and further extendible to a second position when the shade 
is to be raised after being fully drawn. At least first and second 
longitudinally spaced openings extend through the fabric from the bottom 
to the top of the fabric and at least two lift bands secured to the bottom 
rail and extending through the fabric openings are provided for raising 
and lowering the bottom rail relative to the top rail. An attachment 
mechanism is provided for securing the lift bands to the roller shade bar 
so that the lift bands wrap about the roller shade bar as the shade is 
raised and lowered providing not only a cordless shade but also one which 
permits the shade fabric to have a length precisely fitting the window 
opening when the shade is fully drawn thereby avoiding the presence of 
folded fabric plies at the bottom rail of a fully drawn shade. 
1) THE ENT INVENTION 
In accordance with the prior invention disclosed in my parent application, 
(Ser. No. 681,910, filed Jul. 29, 1996, which is incorporated by reference 
herein and made a part hereof) the lift bands comprise tapes having 
openings formed at increasing incremental distances along the length 
thereof. The attachment mechanism included a gear tooth or spoke 
arrangement protruding from the roller bars which precisely engage the 
tape openings to ensure even, consistent wrapping and unwrapping of the 
tape about the shade roller bar as the shade is raised or lowered thus 
maintaining perfect alignment of the bottom rail with the head rail. 
2) THE PRESENT INVENTION 
In accordance with the present invention, the support bands are cords and 
the attachment mechanism includes a translating mechanism affixed to a 
first end of the roller shade bar for moving the roller shade bar 
longitudinally within the head rail in a first direction upon clockwise 
rotation of the roller shade bar and in a second opposite longitudinal 
direction upon counterclockwise rotation of the roller shade bar. A 
support mechanism is provided at the opposite second end of the roller 
shade bar for supporting the opposite end of the roller shade bar in a 
moveable manner while permitting the spring tensioning mechanism to 
tension the spring and release the spring tension upon lowering and 
raising the bottom rail. As in my prior invention, the present invention 
thus provides a cordless window shade in which the shade fabric can be 
precisely sized to the window opening without excessive fabric bunching 
when the shade is fully drawn. 
In accordance with an important feature of the present invention, the 
translating mechanism includes a threaded rod or lead screw, non-rotatably 
affixed to a head rail end cap and the rod threadingly engages the first 
end of the roller shade bar whereby rotation of the roller shade bar 
causes longitudinal movement of the roller shade along the threaded rod 
established by the pitch of the threaded rod which is set relative to the 
roller shade diameter to assure that the lift cords are spirally wound 
about the roller shade bar in a non-overlying manner thereby maintaining 
the bottom rail consistently even with the head rail at any shade 
position. 
In accordance with another important feature of the present invention, the 
opposite end of the roller shade bar includes a tang extending from the 
spring tensioning mechanism and the support mechanism includes a support 
bracket movable along the bottom of the head rail and having a slotted 
opening through which the tang extends so that the second end of the 
roller shade bar not only follows the shade bar's first end driven by the 
lead screw, but also provides a firm mounting arrangement preventing 
dislodgment of the roller shade bar within the head rail should the shade 
be forcibly drawn no matter where the bottom rail is pulled. 
It is thus an object of the invention to provide a cordless shade in which 
a light weight shade fabric is folded into plies and nested between the 
head rail and the bottom rail and the mechanism for raising and lowering 
the shade, because of its light weight, is a conventional, spring 
tensioned, roller shade bar. 
Another object of the invention is to provide a cordless window shade which 
utilizes a conventional spring tension roller shade bar mechanism which 
maintains the bottom rail consistently straight with the head rail at any 
position of the shade and despite repeated usage and abuses which the 
shade might be subjected to. 
Yet another object of the invention is to provide a cordless window shade 
in which the head rail has a low profile and particularly a depth, not 
greater than that of cord drawn shades, permitting universal application 
for conventional, residential and commercial window frames. 
Still another general object of the invention is to provide a cordless 
window shade which is aesthetically pleasing. 
Still yet another object of the invention is to provide a cordless window 
shade in which the entire mechanism for raising and lowering the shade is 
contained within the head rail which can be easily mounted within a window 
frame permitting direct sales of such shades to the consuming public. 
Another specific but important object of the invention is the provision of 
a cordless window shade in which lift cords are used to raise and lower 
the shade thereby minimizing the openings through the shade which is 
raised or lowered by means of a conventional spring tensioned roller shade 
bar. 
Still another specific object of the invention is to provide a cordless 
window shade using a conventional spring tensioned roller shade bar 
mechanism to raise and lower the shade in which the lift cords are 
singularly but tightly wrapped in a non-overlying manner about the shade 
bar thus minimizing the movement of the roller shade bar within the head 
rail to permit application of the roller shade bar to smaller windows than 
what otherwise could be possible. 
Another specific object of the invention is to provide a cordless window 
shade which is raised and lowered by a conventional spring tensioning 
device affixed to the roller bar about which lift cords are attached and 
which can adjust the positioning of the lift cords on the roller bar to 
insure that the bottom rail is even with the head rail or readjust the 
shade after installation to insure the bottom rail is maintained even with 
the head rail. 
A general object of the invention is to simply provide a low cost and 
reliable shade. 
These and other objects of the invention will become apparent to those 
skilled in the art upon reading and understanding the Detailed Description 
of the Invention set forth below.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION 
Referring now to the drawings wherein the showings are for the purpose of 
illustrating a preferred embodiment of the invention only and not for the 
purpose of limiting same, the present invention may perhaps be best 
understood by first referring to the prior invention which is illustrated 
in FIGS. 1-3. Reference may be had to my parent application, Ser. No. 
681,910, filed Jul. 29, 1996, for a more detailed explanation of the 
parent invention than that set forth herein. 
Referring now to FIGS. 1-3, there is shown a cordless shade 10 which 
generally comprises a head rail 12, a bottom rail 13 and a shade fabric 14 
disposed between head rail 12 and bottom rail 13. 
One of the underpinnings of the invention resides in the selection of a 
particular shade fabric 14 for use in cordless shade 10 which is 
characterized in that shade fabric 14 i) is lightweight and ii) has a 
cross sectional configuration which is collapsible when the shade is 
raised and extendible to a first position when the shade is fully lowered 
and further extendible to a second position when the shade is to be raised 
after being fully drawn. In FIG. 1, shade fabric 14 is a cellular shade 
and can be viewed as comprising, in cross sectional configuration, a 
plurality of polygonal cells 16 interconnected to vertically stack one on 
top of the other to form a honeycomb pattern as illustrated when shade 10 
is drawn or lowered so that shade fabric 14 covers the window (not shown). 
More specifically, when shade 10 is retracted, polygonal cell shape 16 
collapses to form fabric plies indicated by transversely extending lines 
18 in FIGS. 1 and 2. Thus, the honeycomb pattern formed in polygonal cell 
shape 16 expands and contracts like an accordion so that when shade fabric 
14 is retracted, shade fabric 14 comprises a series of vertically stacked 
plies 18 and when shade 10 is drawn, shade fabric 14 comprises a honeycomb 
matrix of polygonal cell shapes 16. (For cellular shade fabric 14 shown in 
FIGS. 1 and 2, there are two rows of polygonal shapes designated as 16a, 
16b which make the arrangement preferred for the parent invention but 
which are not necessary.) As show in FIG. 1, shade 10 is fully drawn and 
the polygonal cells 16 are extended to their normal first position. When 
the shade is to be raised, a further downward of bottom rail 13 is 
normally required to activate a conventional roller shade bar spring 
mechanism. The polygonal shapes 16 allow this further downward motion to 
occur and simply distort themselves in a vertical direction so that the 
shade can be raised from a fully drawn position such as shown in FIG. 1. 
Thus, shade 10 can be perfectly sized to cover the window opening in that 
the bottom most cells, shown as 16', can be extended in a vertical 
direction to about the same extent as the rest of the cells in the shade. 
The shade of the present invention is thus not bunched or gathered with 
nested plies resting on top of bottom rail 13 when the shade is fully 
drawn. If polygonal cells 16 could not expand from the shade's fully drawn 
position, additional plies 18 would have to be provided in the shade (such 
as would occur for a Venetian blind or a roman shade) which is 
aesthetically unappealing to the consumer. This concept of an expanding 
cell is also applicable to pleated shade fabrics as shown for the present 
invention in FIG. 6. 
Within head rail 10 is a totally conventional roller shade bar 20. The 
proto-type was constructed using a standard 11/8 inch diameter by 551/2 
inch length hollow, soft wood window shade roller purchased for $1.99. 
Roller shade bar 20 is furnished with end caps 22 and from one end cap 
extends a support tip stud 23 and from the other end cap extends a support 
tang 24. In fact, roller shade bar 20 in the preferred embodiment is a bar 
constructed of convoluted paper. 
Referring now to FIGS. 3-5, there is diagrammatically illustrated a 
conventional spring biased, ratchet/pawl arrangement supplied with 
conventional roller shade bar 20. In the arrangement illustrated, support 
tang 24 extends from or is made part of a spring rod 26 which extends some 
distance within roller shade bar 20 and has a slotted end 28. A 
longitudinally extending spring 30 fits over spring rod 26. One end of 
spring 30 fits into slotted end 28 while the other spring end 32 is 
affixed to roller shade bar 20, through a tensioning mechanism or 
tensioner 31 which is mounted to end cap 22 which in turn is press fitted 
onto roller shade bar 20. Because support tang 24 is non rotationally 
mounted in a bracket, spring rod 26 is stationary. Rotation of roller 
shade bar 20 thus tensions or compresses spring 30. Tensioner or tension 
mechanism 31 is typically in the form of a conventional ratchet pawl 
arrangement which permits shade 10 to be drawn, locked and released in the 
conventional manner. 
Two typical, prior art ratchet pawl arrangements are shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 
and both include a pawl plate 34 which carries pawl(s) 35 pivotally 
secured to pawl plate 34 by rivets 36. A ratchet plate 38 affixed to 
spring rod 26 has ratchet teeth 39 which mesh with pawls 35 to lock the 
shade in a drawn position with spring 30 tensioned and to permit the 
tension of spring 30 to conventionally rewind the shade fabric about 
roller shade bar 20 when pawls 35 are released from ratchet teeth 39. As 
is well known, to release pawls 35, roller support bar must be further 
rotated in the tensioning direction. In theory, an imperceptible motion of 
bottom rail 13 will result in release of pawls 35. In practice, and as is 
well known by anybody who has raised a window shade, some downward motion 
of the shade is required to cause release of the pawls. Because the 
invention is designed for use with upscale cellular and pleated shades, 
other conventional spring tensioner mechanisms can be used. In the 
preferred embodiment illustrated in FIGS. 7 and 8 a conventional Faber 
spring roller mechanism is shown. The Faber spring roller mechanism has 
conventional spring 30 with a tensioner 31 for tensioning and releasing 
the tension of spring 30 upon rotation of shade roller bar 20 in the 
conventional manner. The Faber tensioner 31 however uses bearings (not 
shown) in lieu of pawls which roll into and out of a raceway for locking 
and unlocking shade roller bar 20 to spring 30 upon shade rotation. The 
invention contemplates the substitution of other conventional spring and 
spring tensioner mechanisms in lieu of the ratchet pawl arrangement shown 
in FIGS. 4 and 5 or the bearing arrangement used in FIG. 8. For example, 
the conventional spring tensioning arrangement used in a spring actuated 
tape measuring device could be employed, i.e., tape measurers which "snap 
back" into the reel when the tape is initially pushed back into the case 
and not tape measurers which retract the tape when a button or lever is 
actuated. While such alternative spring actuated mechanisms may not 
necessarily require a further downward movement in bottom rail 13 to 
actuate the device, the consuming public will invariably pull bottom rail 
13 downward to release shade 10. Again, roller shade bar 20 including end 
caps 22, and spring 30 and tensioner 31 disclosed is entirely 
conventional. 
Referring now to FIG. 2, roller shade bar 20 can be a long length 
application and could comprise two standard size convoluted shade rollers 
with adjacent end caps removed and joined together by a spline 40. In such 
instance, support tip stud 23 from one window shade roller with its 
associated end cap 22 is removed while support tang 24 with its spring rod 
26 and spring 30 of the adjacent window shade roller is removed so that 
roller shade bar 20 has at one end a support tip stud 23 and at its 
opposite end a support tang 24 as in a conventional window shade roller. 
Referring now to FIGS. 1, 2 and 6, head rail 12 is a low profile, 
completely self contained assembly carrying cordless window shade 10 and 
by which shade 10 is mounted to the frame of the window by conventional 
brackets (not shown) which mount to the window frame and can be attached 
to head rail 12 in any number of known mounting arrangements. Such 
mounting arrangements are well known by those skilled in the art and do 
not, per se, form part of the present invention and thus are not shown or 
described in further detail herein. 
Head rail 12 includes an open ended, U-shaped, head rail extrusion 44 
preferably formed from steel although it can be molded from aluminum or 
plastic. U-shaped extrusion 44 has a bottom base 45 from which vertically 
extend side rails 46 terminating at turned in or folded over top ends 
which form, at the top of each side rail 46, a channel or recess 48 
extending the length of U-shaped extrusion 44. 
In the prior invention shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, one end of U-shaped 
extrusion 44 is closed by a stud support end cap 49 and the opposite end 
of U-shaped extrusion 44 is closed by a tang support end cap 50. Stud 
support end cap 49 has a journal bearing for rotatably receiving support 
tip stud 23 of roller shade bar 20. Similarly, as best shown in FIG. 10, 
tang support end cap 50 has a slotted bracket 53 for receiving and holding 
in a non rotatable manner support tang 24 of roller shade bar 20. Each end 
cap 49, 50 has an appropriate bracing structure 54 which permits each end 
cap 49, 50 to simply snap into the open ends of U-shaped extrusion 44. 
Referring still to FIGS. 1 and 2, bottom rail 13 is provided for attachment 
to the bottom of shade fabric 14. Bottom rail 13 includes an open ended, 
C-shaped bottom rail extrusion 65 which is closed at its ends once 
assembled to shade fabric 15 by end caps 66 which snap into place. A 
bottom support sleeve 68 typically made of a plastic material such as PVC, 
slides into a bottom sleeve pocket 69 formed at the bottom of shade fabric 
15. Bottom support sleeve 68 is positioned within bottom sleeve pocket 69 
and the shade assembled in a manner described below which includes 
attachment to a lift dowel 70. Bottom rail extrusion 65 is then slid over 
sleeve pocket 69 which contains support sleeve 68 thus closing the top of 
bottom rail extrusion 65 and encapsulating lift dowel 70 therein. End caps 
66 are then snapped into place. 
A top support sleeve 72 is likewise provided for insertion in a top sleeve 
pocket 73 at the top of shade fabric 15. In the preferred embodiment, 
double faced tape is used to secure top sleeve pocket 73 to the underside 
of head rail base 45. Alternately, top support sleeve 72 within top sleeve 
pocket 73 can, similarly to bottom support sleeve 68, slide into 
longitudinally extending edge channels extending downwardly from base 45 
of head rail extrusion 44. In this manner, the top of shade fabric 15 is 
secured to head rail 12 and the bottom of shade fabric 15 is secured to 
bottom rail 13 and this is a conventional method or arrangement for 
attaching a cellular or pleated shade fabric to the head rail and bottom 
rail of a conventional, cord operated cellular shade. 
Referring still to FIGS. 1-3, in the prior invention, the mechanism for 
raising and lowering shade 10 is accomplished by a lift tape 80 having a 
plurality of incrementally spaced lift holes 81 formed along its length. 
There are at least two lift tapes 80 provided for shade 10 and each lift 
tape extends through shade fabric 14 vis-a-vis a series of slits 83 formed 
therein. The bottom of each lift tape 80 is secured to bottom rail 13 and 
the top of each lift tape wraps about shade roller bar 20 vis-a-vis a 
spoke assembly 84 secured to roller shade bar 20. A plurality of 
circumferentially spaced, radially protruding spokes 85 extend from spoke 
assembly 84 which receive lift holes 81 as roller shade bar 20 is rotated 
to precisely insure that bottom rail 13 is maintained parallel to head 
rail 12 irrespective of the shade position and no matter how the shade is 
abused in use. 
The preferred embodiment of the present invention is shown in the general 
arrangement illustrated in FIG. 6 and where applicable, the reference 
numerals used in describing the shade components of the parent invention 
will also be used in describing the shade components of the present 
invention. In cordless window shade 10 of FIG. 6, shade fabric 14 is shown 
in dotted form and comprises a pleated shade fabric. The pleated shade 
fabric operates in the same fashion as the cellular shade fabric described 
with reference to FIGS. 1-2 in that when the shade is fully raised, shade 
fabric 14 folds itself into nested plies and expands in an accordion like 
manner from the top when bottom rail 13 is moved down. As the shade is 
drawn, pleated shade fabric plies 16 initially adjacent head rail 12 
expand. If the shade fabric 14 is properly sized to the window opening, a 
fully drawn shade 10 will have its lower most plies adjacent bottom rail 
13 somewhat expanded. 
In the preferred embodiment, lift cords 90 extend through cord openings 91 
is for raising and lowering bottom rail 13 relative to head rail 12. Thus, 
the lift tape slits in the parent invention are replaced by the smaller 
cord openings 91 in the present invention. The bottom of each lift cord 90 
is permanently tied to bottom rail 13 in any appropriate manner. One 
arrangement illustrating such a tie is disclosed in FIG. 14. The top of 
each lift cord 90 is wrapped about shade roller bar 20 thus obviating the 
spoke assembly of the parent invention and especially configured capstans 
or pulleys of the prior art. Further wrapping lift cords 90 directly about 
shade roller bar reduces the depth of the head rail profile. 
Any conventional mechanism can be used to attach lift cords 90 to shade 
roller bar 20. In the preferred embodiment, cord clips 94, prospectively 
illustrated in FIG. 10, simply snap on to shade roller bar 20 as shown in 
FIG. 6. The width of cord clip 94 coupled with at least one wrap of lift 
cord 90 about shade roller bar 20 provides an easy mechanism for initially 
installing and adjusting bottom rail 13 relative to top rail 12. 
Importantly, should shade 10 need to be adjusted after installation, cord 
clips 94 permit such adjustment. 
In the preferred embodiment, support tang 24 extending from tensioner 31 is 
affixed to a movable support 96. Movable support 96, illustrated in 
perspective in FIG. 11, has a slotted opening 97 through which support 
tang 24 extends and is affixed to movable support 96 by any suitable means 
such as a cotter pin 98. In the preferred embodiment, movable support 96 
has two triangular legs 99 which travel along bottom base 45 of head rail 
12. In an alternative embodiment illustrated in FIG. 12, triangular legs 
99 can be replaced by rolling wheels 100. In either embodiment, slotted 
opening 97 fixes support tang 24 from rotating in the same manner that 
slotted bracket 53 in head rail end cap 50 prevented support tang 24 from 
rotating in the parent invention. Movable support 26 permits shade roller 
bar 20 to longitudinally move along bottom base 45 within head rail 12. 
Fitted into the end of shade roller bar 20 opposite to the end containing 
spring 30 and tensioner 31 is a screw tapped end plug 102 having a 
threaded opening 103 as shown in FIG. 9 for threadingly engaging the 
threads of a lead screw 104 permanently affixed to a screw guide end 
bracket 106, as shown in FIG. 13, of head rail 12. Lead screw 104 is 
non-rotatably and permanently affixed to screw guide end bracket 106. 
Thus, rotation of shade roller bar 20 in one direction will cause lead 
screw 104 to advance into screw tapped end plug 102 and draw roller shade 
bar 20 along with movable support 96 towards screw guide end bracket 106 
while rotation of roller shade bar 20 in the opposite direction will cause 
lead screw 104 to advance out of screw tapped end plug 102 increasing the 
distance of roller shade bar 20 from screw guide end bracket 106. An 
additional support 108 is provided for roller shade bar 20 adjacent screw 
tapped end plug 102. The presence and positioning of additional supports 
108 is somewhat optional and depends on the length of roller shade bar 20. 
Importantly, the thread pitch of lead screw 104 is dimensioned relative to 
the circumference of shade roller bar 20 considering the thickness of lift 
cords 90 so that lift cords 90 wrap and unwrap themselves singularly or in 
a non-overlying manner about the circumference of shade roller bar 20. 
Lift cords 20 will always wrap spirally about roller shade bar 20 because 
of the thread pitch of lead screw 104. So long as lift cords 90 do not 
wrap themselves about one another, a consistent, repeatable positioning of 
bottom rail 13 will result. 
A conventional roller shade bar in its standard sizes of about 1" in 
diameter has a relatively large circumference. This 1" diameter does not 
increase the depth or the height of head rail 12 when compared to existing 
cord operated shade mechanisms. If anything, a lower profile results. At 
the same time, a relatively large diameter of shade roller bar 20 results 
in fewer turns or wraps of lift cords about the roller shade bar to raise 
and lower shade 10. Fewer wrapping turns means then that the movement of 
roller shade bar 20 within head rail 12 is minimal and thus a relatively 
long roller shade bar 20 when compared to the overall width of shade 
fabric 14 can be used in the invention. Tensioning spring 30 has a length 
of about 9" and it is desired that tensioning spring 30 be positioned 
within roller shade bar 20 in the conventional manner to minimize head 
rail profile. Because of the limited movement of roller shade bar 20 
within head rail 12, relatively narrow window openings can be covered with 
the shade of the present invention. A more subtle benefit results simply 
from the fact that less movement of roller shade bar 20 tends to promote 
trouble free operation of shade 10 during the life of the shade. 
The Reel-Ease Shade Lift 
A) The Reel-Ease relates to the raising and lowering of pleated and 
cellular fabric shades without the use of conventional cords or pulls or 
locks. 
This system allows for the operation of the shade in much the same manner 
one would activate a conventional spring roller shade. With a gentle pull 
of the bottom rail, the shade can be extended and parked at a desired 
length. A downward pull thereon will release the engaged spring roller 
pawl from the ratchet wheel and spring tension will draw the bottom rail 
up until manually checked or in the fully raised position. 
The Reel-East addresses four problems: 
1) Safety. The invention eliminates the danger of having a child caught in 
or strangled by a hanging control cord. 
2) Convenience. Often control cords are wrapped around cord cleats after 
the shade is adjusted. Wrapping the cords keeps it from hanging down to 
the floor but takes extra time and effort. 
3) Aesthetics. Many people find cords handing down detract from the 
decorative function of pleated or cellular fabric. The Reel-Ease 
eliminates the controls that create a vertical distraction to the 
horizontal pleats of these fabrics. 
4) Consistent Alignment. Traditional shades with lock mechanisms regularly 
go out of alignment, making for an uneven bottom rail. The Reel-Ease stays 
even at all times. 
B) It is an object of the presently described invention to permit cords to 
uniformly wrap themselves around a self contained spring roller bar, in a 
consistent and predetermined manner. 
The Reel-Ease utilizes a Spring Roller Bar in conjunction with a Screw 
Guide to thread itself along without releasing its preset tension. This is 
accomplished by accommodating the preset spring roller bar with a Spring 
Lock Slide, Screw Taped End Plug and corresponding Screw Guide End 
Bracket. 
C) The tension of the spring roller is preset by turning the Tang of the 
spring mechanism clockwise until a resistance is achieved, proportionate 
to the weight of Fabric and Bottom rail to be lifted. 
The spring end of the roller bar is affixed to the Slide Bracket via cotter 
pin, through the predrilled tang of the spring roller mechanism. The screw 
tapped end plug replaces the pin end plug of conventional spring roller 
bars. This tapped end plug is inserted in the roller bar opposite the 
spring mechanism, to accommodate a threaded shaft on the screw guide end 
cap. The threads per inch on this shaft dictate the distance the spring 
roller will traverse as it rotates. 
The ratios of rotation to traversing distance provide a measurable and 
uniform wrap to a set of cords fastened to the roller bar. These cords 
replace the fabric of conventional roller shades for physically activating 
the spring roller bar. The cord length is calculated by adding the shades 
predetermined length plus width and an additional 12" which will be 
referred to as the overextending activation length. Cord clips are used to 
fasten the cords to the roller bar coinciding with the cord guide openings 
drilled into the bottom of the head rail. 
Location of the cord guide openings are typically equidistant from each end 
and centered in the depth of the head rail. Conversantly with the cord 
guide strip and the top of the compressed pleated or cellular fabric. With 
all guide holes aligned, the fabric is adhered to the underside of the 
head rail and the cord guide strip to the bottom of the fabric. With the 
cords clipped to the roller bar the opposite ends are threaded through the 
inside of the head rail cord guide openings, through the compressed 
fabric, and exit the guide strip. 
Before the spring roller system is placed into the head rail the roller 
system is rotated clockwise in relation to the spring end. This manual 
rotation wraps the cords around the roller bar approximately three time 
for the spring rollers initial activation. The complete spring roller 
system is now placed inside the head rail and secured by a snug fit of the 
screw guide bracket sleeve into the open end of the head rail. The head 
rail end cap is attached in the same manner completing the Reel-Ease head 
rail system. 
With the fabric compressed to the underside of the head rail the cords are 
gently pulled together, parallel to the head rail, to be secured to the 
bottom rail end cap. The cord exiting the guide opening furthest from the 
direction the set is pulled will appear shortest. All other cords are cut 
to be made even with this cord and jointly secured to the inside of the 
Bottom Rail End Cap. 
The bottom rail is sleeved over the cord guide strip with the cords exiting 
the opposite end. With a sufficient tug on the cords, the spring roller 
will activate. This will then guide the cords through the enclosed open 
channel of the cord guide strip, through the fabric, into the head rail, 
and uniformly wrapping around the roller bar until the bottom rail end cap 
seats itself into the open end of the bottom rail. Closing the other end 
of the bottom rail with a second end cap completes the shade's assembly. 
An additional feature of the Reel-Ease system is a reduction of the minimum 
shade width from 16", found in most clutch activated systems, to 
approximately 12". Wrapping cords onto a 1" diameter spring roller bar 
versus a 3/8" diameter shaft in the clutch system will require less than 
half of the traversing distance within the head rail. Multiplying each of 
these diameters by pi or 3.1416 will provide their circumference. This 
calculation clarifies that it takes only 1.0 revolution of the Reel-Ease 
System to raise the shade 3.1416" in comparison to the 2.6166 revolutions 
to raise the clutch system the same height. It is this reduced traversing 
distance in the Reel-Ease system that allows for a narrower minimum shade 
width. 
Two additional claims for the Reel-Ease system include the use of a Splice 
in joining two roller bars in a shade exceeding stock roller bar lengths. 
Also, using a roller bar support at a spliced location and possible under 
the screw tapped end plug side of the roller bar. 
D) Past inventions state the use of spring rollers in conjunction with 
Venetian blinds. However, the short comings of this combination become 
apparent when the activation of the spring is rendered impossible when 
blind is parked in the fully extended finished blind length. The Reel-Ease 
system addresses this problem by utilizing the accordion fold 
characteristics of pleated or cellular fabrics in conjunction with the 
overextending activation length. This permits the activation of the spring 
roller beyond the shades predetermined finished shade length. 
Unlike conventional Venetian blinds, the weight of pleated or cellular 
fabric are more in-line with traditional roller shade fabrics. 
Prior-inventions make claim to the importance of cords wrapping uniformly 
to provide a level bottom rail and the elimination of pull cords for 
safety reasons. We believe the Reel-Ease system can cost effectively meet 
the above criteria for both commercial and residential applications. 
The present invention is a duplicate of state-of-the art cord drawn shades 
in that, to the consumer, each type of shade will look like one another 
except that one will have cords and one will not. Both shades will have a 
lift means extending through their pleated fabrics and both will be 
adjustable, during and after installation. Both types of shades will give 
trouble free operation over the life of the shade and both will maintain 
the bottom rail parallel to the head rail. However, the cost of the shade 
of the present invention will be materially reduced when compared to the 
cord drawn shades. More importantly there are no dangerous lift cords. 
The invention has been described with reference to a preferred embodiment. 
Obviously, alterations and modifications will become apparent to those 
skilled in the art upon reading and understanding the detailed description 
of the invention set forth above. It is intended to cover all such 
modifications and alterations insofar as they come within the scope of the 
present invention.