Display device

A display device includes a display area and a seal area which surrounds the display area. The display device includes a first display substrate, a second display substrate facing the first display substrate; and a sealant disposed between the first display substrate and the second display substrate, in the seal area. The first display substrate has a first base substrate, a first polarizing element including a plurality of first linear patterns extending along a first direction on the first base substrate, and a first protective layer on the first polarizing element and including a first opening. The sealant covers the first opening. Adjacent first linear patterns are separated from each other along a second direction, intersecting the first direction, by a first gap and the first opening exposes at least one first gap in the seal area.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION

Korean Patent Application No. 10-2016-0104787, filed on Aug. 18, 2016, in the Korean Intellectual Property Office, and entitled: “Display Device,” is incorporated by reference herein in its entirety.

BACKGROUND

Embodiments relate to a display device.

2. Description of the Related Art

Liquid crystal displays (LCDs) are lightweight, thin, and consume low power. Due to these advantages, LCDs are used in a display unit of a television, a computer, a portable terminal, etc. A conventional LCD has two polarizing plates which face each other with a liquid crystal layer interposed between them. In the LCD, the luminance of each pixel is changed by adjusting a voltage applied to the liquid crystal layer.

A conventional polarizing plate is formed by adsorbing dichromatic iodine to a polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) film and then drawing the PVA film in a direction so as to orient molecules in a certain direction. The polarizing plate transmits a polarization component of a polarization direction parallel to a transmission axis and absorbs a polarization component of a polarization direction orthogonal to the transmission axis. The polarizing plate does not have high heat resistance and is degraded by ultraviolet light.

Therefore, as another type of polarizing element, a wire grid polarizer having superior heat resistance is widely known. The wire grid polarizer has a plurality of metallic linear patterns arranged at regular intervals. A polarization component of a polarization direction perpendicular to a direction (lengthwise direction) in which the metallic linear patterns extend transmits through the wire grid polarizer, and a polarization component of a polarization direction parallel to the lengthwise direction of the metallic linear patterns is reflected by the wire grid polarizer. The polarization of the polarization component reflected by the wire grid polarizer is removed by, e.g., a reflective plate of a backlight unit. Then, the polarization component reflected by the wire grid polarizer reenters the wire grid polarizer, thereby improving light efficiency.

A protective layer may additionally be formed on the wire grid polarizer to protect the metallic linear patterns, and a space is formed between each pair of neighboring metallic linear patterns and the protective layer. In addition, gas such as air may exist in the space. In the process of manufacturing a display device, outgassing may occur due to the gas within the space, thus reducing the reliability of the display device.

SUMMARY

One or more embodiments provide a display device. The display device may include a display area and a seal area which surrounds the display area. The display device may include a first display substrate, a second display substrate facing the first display substrate, and a sealant between the first display substrate and the second display substrate in the seal area. The first display substrate may include a first base substrate, a first polarizing element including a plurality of first linear patterns extending in a first direction on the first base substrate, and a first protective layer on the first polarizing element and including a first opening. The sealant covers the first opening. Adjacent first linear patterns are separated from each other along a second direction, intersecting the first direction, by a first gap and the first opening overlaps at least a portions of the first gap in the seal area.

One or more embodiments provide a display device. The display device may include a display area, a seal area which surrounds the display area, and a peripheral area which surrounds the seal area. The display device may include a first display substrate, a second display substrate facing the first display substrate, and a sealant between the first display substrate and the second display substrate, disposed in the seal area. The first display substrate includes a first base substrate, a first polarizing element including a plurality of first linear patterns extending along a first direction on the first base substrate, and a first protective layer on the first polarizing element. The first linear patterns are separated from each other along a second direction, intersecting the first direction, by a first gap and at least one edge of the first polarizing element is in the peripheral area.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

FIG. 1is a plan view of a display device1according to an embodiment.FIG. 2is a plan view illustrating only a first polarizing element PL and openings OP1and OP2of a first protective layer130among components of the display device1ofFIG. 1.FIG. 3is a cross-sectional view taken along the line X1-X1′ ofFIG. 1.FIG. 4is a cross-sectional view taken along the line X2-X2′ ofFIG. 1.FIG. 5is a cross-sectional view taken along the line X3-X3′ ofFIG. 1.FIG. 6is a cross-sectional view taken along the line X4-X4′ ofFIG. 1.

Referring toFIGS. 1 through 6, the display device1according to the current embodiment includes a display area DA and a seal area SA surrounding the display area DA, and may further include a peripheral area PHA surrounding the seal area SA. The display area DA is an area in which a pixel unit160, to be described later, is disposed to display an image. The seal area SA is an area in which no image is displayed and a sealant400, to be described later, is disposed. The peripheral area PHA is an outer part of a non-display area which surrounds the seal area SA.

The display device1may be of any type of display device. In an example, the display device1may be any one of a twisted nematic (TN) display device, a vertical alignment (VA) display device, a patterned vertical alignment (PVA) display device, an in-plane switching display device, a fringe-field switching (FFS) display device, and a plane-to-line switching (PLS) display device.

The display device1may include a first display substrate100, a second display substrate200which faces the first display substrate100, a liquid crystal layer300between the first display substrate100and the second display substrate200, and the sealant400between the first display substrate100and the second display substrate200and located in the seal area SA.

The first display substrate100will hereinafter be described. A first base substrate110may include a transparent insulating substrate. Here, when the insulating substrate is transparent, it may be 100% transparent or semi-transparent enough to meet a transmittance level specified in design requirements. The first base substrate110may be, e.g., a glass substrate, a quartz substrate, or a transparent resin substrate. In addition, the first base substrate110may include polymer or plastic having high thermal resistance. In some embodiments, the first base substrate110may have flexibility. That is, the first base substrate110may be a deformable substrate that can be rolled, folded, bent, etc.

The first polarizing element PL may be located on the first base substrate110. The first polarizing element PL may be located in the display area DA, and a part of the first polarizing element PL may be located in the seal area SA. Alternatively, the first polarizing element PL may be located in the seal area SA and a part of the first polarizing element PL may also be located in the peripheral area PHA.

The first polarizing element PL may polarize light that is transmitted through the first base substrate110. The first polarizing element PL may include a plurality of first linear patterns121extending in a first direction D1. Each pair of neighboring first linear patterns121may be separated from each other by a first gap123along a second direction D2intersecting the first direction D1. The first linear patterns121may be arranged with a period shorter than a wavelength of visible light.

Light is typically unpolarized or randomly polarized, e.g., vibrates in more than one plane direction relative to the direction of propogation. Therefore, when randomly polarized light is incident upon the first linear patterns121, a first portion oscillating in a direction perpendicular to the direction (the first direction D1) in which the first linear patterns121extend passes through the first polarizing element PL, and a second portion is reflected by the first linear patterns121. That is, the first polarizing element PL transmits only P-polarized light and reflects S-polarized light. As a result, only the P-polarized light proceeds upward, e.g., along a third direction D3, orthogonal to the first and second directions, towards the second substrate200.

The S-polarized light reflected by the first linear patterns121may be scattered by a light guide plate (LGP) included in a backlight unit under the first polarizing element PL in the display device1. After the polarization of the S-polarized light is offset in this way, the light may be reflected again by a reflective plate, e.g., in the backlight unit. As a result, the light may reenter the first polarizing element PL. This process may be repeated. Accordingly, light efficiency can be improved, resulting in reduced power consumption and/or enhance luminance of the display device1.

The first polarizing element PL may include a first edge E1and a second edge E2which are located opposite each other along the direction (i.e., the first direction D1) in which the first linear patterns121extend. In addition, the first polarizing element PL may include a third edge E3and a fourth edge E4which are located opposite each other along the direction (i.e., the second direction D2) intersecting the direction in which the first linear patterns121extend. In the drawings, the first edge E1, the second edge E2, the third edge E3and the fourth edge E4form a quadrilateral. However, this is merely an example, and embodiments are not limited to this example.

At least one of the first edge E1and the second edge E2of the first polarizing element PL may be located in an area other than the display area DA. For example, at least one of the first edge E1and the second edge E2of the first polarizing element PL may be located in the seal area SA. Alternatively, both the first edge E1and the second edge E2of the first polarizing element PL may be located in the seal area SA as illustrated in the drawings. Alternatively, although not illustrated in the drawings, at least one of the first edge E1and the second edge E2of the first polarizing element PL may be located in the peripheral area PHA. For ease of description, a case where both the first edge E1and the second edge E2of the first polarizing element PL are located in the seal area SA will be described below as an example.

In some embodiments, at least one of the third edge E3and the fourth edge E4of the first polarizing element PL may be located in an area other than the display area DA. In the drawings, both the third edge E3and the fourth edge E4of the first polarizing element PL are located in the seal area SA. However, this is merely an example.

The first linear patterns121of the first polarizing element PL may include at least one of aluminum (Al), gold (Au), silver (Ag), copper (Cu), chrome (Cr), iron (Fe), and nickel (Ni). In an example, the first linear patterns121may include aluminum or an aluminum alloy having relatively high reflectivity.

A space inside the first gap123between each pair of neighboring first linear patterns121may be in a vacuum. The first gap123will be described in greater detail later.

The first protective layer130may be located on the first base substrate110and the first polarizing element PL. The first protective layer130may include an inorganic insulating material such as silicon nitride (SiNx) or silicon oxide (SiOx). The first protective layer130may cover the first polarizing element PL to protect the first polarizing element PL. A part of the first protective layer130which is located on the first polarizing element PL may not contact the first base substrate110. For example, a part of the first protective layer130which overlaps the first gap123may not contact the first base substrate110. Accordingly, a space may be defined in the first gap123by the first base substrate110, the first linear patterns121, and the first protective layer130.

In some embodiments, the first protective layer130may completely cover the first polarizing element PL. More specifically, side surfaces1211of the first linear patterns121located at the first edge E1of the first polarizing element PL may contact the first protective layer130. In addition, side surfaces1212of the first linear patterns121located at the second edge E2of the first polarizing element PL may contact the first protective layer130. Similarly, a side surface1213of a first linear pattern121located at the third edge E3of the first polarizing element PL and a side surface1214of a first linear pattern121located at the fourth edge E4of the first polarizing element PL may contact the first protective layer130.

Openings OP1and OP2located in the seal area SA that expose the first gaps123of the first polarizing element PL may be formed in the first protective layer130. In an example, a first opening OP1and a second opening OP2may be formed in the first protective layer130in the seal area SA. The first opening OP1may be formed adjacent to the first edge E1of the first polarizing element PL and the second opening OP2may be formed adjacent to the second edge E2of the first polarizing element PL.

The first opening OP1may extend in the second direction D2intersecting the direction in which the first linear patterns121extend. When seen from above, the first opening OP1may overlap each of the first gaps123of the first polarizing elements PL. Like the first opening OP1, the second opening OP2may extend along the second direction D2intersecting the direction in which the first linear patterns121extend and overlap each of the first gaps123.

As described above, a space is defined in each of the first gaps123. In addition, the first protective layer130may completely cover the first polarizing element PL. Therefore, without the first and second openings OP1and OP2, the space within each of the first gaps123may be sealed. In the process of manufacturing the display device1, if the first protective layer130which covers the first polarizing element PL is formed after the formation of the first polarizing element PL, gas used in the manufacturing process or air may exist in the sealed space within each of the first gaps123. Due to the air or gas within each of the first gaps123, outgassing may occur in the display area DA, possibly resulting in the contamination of the liquid crystal layer300. In the present embodiment, however, the first opening OP1and the second opening OP2are formed in the first protective layer130to release the air or gas within each of the first gaps123in the process of manufacturing the display device1. Accordingly, the contamination of the liquid crystal layer300due to outgassing may be reduced or prevented.

While both the first opening OP1and the second opening OP2are formed in the first protective layer130in the drawings, this is merely an example. In some embodiments, one of the first opening OP1and the second opening OP2may be omitted.

The pixel unit160may be located on the first protective layer130in the display area DA. The pixel unit160may include a plurality of pixels arranged in a matrix. Each of the pixels may include a switching element, e.g., a thin-film transistor (TFT), and a pixel electrode electrically connected to the TFT. The pixels may be controlled by a driver circuit of the display device1to display an image in the display area DA.

The second display substrate200may be disposed on the first display substrate100to face the first display substrate100and separated therefrom along the third direction D3. In some embodiments, the second display substrate200may include a common electrode. In some embodiments, the second display substrate200may further include a light-blocking layer, an overcoat layer, a color filter, etc.

The liquid crystal layer300may be interposed between the first display substrate100and the second display substrate200. The liquid crystal layer300includes a plurality of liquid crystal molecules that determine transmittance of incident light by changing their arrangement according to an electric field formed in the liquid crystal layer300.

The sealant400is disposed between the first display substrate100and the second display substrate200to seal the liquid crystal layer300. The sealant400may be located only in the seal area SA of the display device1. In other words, the seal area SA of the display device1may be defined as an area in which the sealant400is disposed. The sealant400may be made of a photocurable material or a thermosetting material.

When seen from above, the sealant400may overlap the first polarizing element PL. In addition, when seen from above, the first and second openings OP1and OP2of the first protective layer130may completely overlap, e.g., along the third direction D3, the sealant400. The sealant400may be located on the first protective layer130to contact the first protective layer130. The sealant400may cover the first and second openings OP1and OP2, thereby sealing the first and second openings OP1and OP2. In other words, the first and second openings OP1and OP2may be blocked by the sealant400.

In some embodiments, part of the sealant400may be located in the first and second openings OP1and OP2. Part of the sealant400may be located in the first gaps123through the first and second openings OP1and OP2to contact the first linear patterns121and to further contact the first base substrate110.

FIGS. 7 and 8are cross-sectional views illustrating stages in a method of manufacturing a display device based on the structure illustrated inFIG. 6. The cross-sectional views ofFIGS. 7 and 8are based on the structure taken along the line X4-X4′ ofFIG. 1.

Referring toFIG. 7, liquid crystals300aare dropped onto the first display substrate100in the form of droplets, and a sealing material400ais coated on a part of a surface of the second display substrate200which corresponds to the seal area SA. Then, the second display substrate200is placed on the first display substrate100, and the first display substrate100and the second display substrate200are bonded together by applying pressure to the second display substrate200. At this time, the liquid crystals300aare spread between the first display substrate100and the second display substrate200by the pressure. Accordingly, the liquid crystal layer300(seeFIG. 3) is formed.

When the sealing material400ais made of a thermosetting material, the process of bonding the first display substrate100and the second display substrate200together may be accomplished by a high-temperature hot press process. In some cases, a high-temperature baking process or a high-temperature curing process may additionally be performed. That is, the first display substrate100and the second display substrate200may be exposed to high temperature during the bonding process. Therefore, during the process of bonding the first display substrate100and the second display substrate200together, air or gas trapped within the first gaps123may expand due to the high temperature and thus be exposed out of the first protective layer130. The exposed air or gas can contaminate the liquid crystal layer300or affect other components. In other words, outgassing may occur due to the air or gas within the first gaps123, thereby reducing the reliability of the display device1.

On the other hand, according to embodiments, bonding the first display substrate100and the second display substrate200may be performed in a vacuum, e.g., in a vacuum chamber. Since the first and second openings OP1and OP2, which expose the first gaps123, are formed in the first protective layer130, if bonding is performed in a vacuum, the air or gas within the first gaps123may be released through the first and second openings OP1and OP2. Accordingly, the space within each of the first gaps123may become a vacuum. In a state where the space within each of the first gaps123is maintained in a vacuum, the first display substrate100and the second display substrate200may be bonded together, and the first and second openings OP1and OP2may be sealed by the sealing material400aor the sealant400(seeFIG. 3). Therefore, the probability of outgassing due to the gas within the first gaps123is reduced. Accordingly, the probability that a defect will occur in the display device1in the manufacturing process is reduced, and a display device1with improved reliability can be provided.

Alternatively, referring toFIG. 8, liquid crystals300amay be dropped onto the second display substrate200, and a sealing material400amay be coated on a part of a surface of the first display substrate100which corresponds to the seal area SA. In this case, the sealing material400amay be coated to not block the first and second openings OP1and OP2. Then, the first display substrate100may be placed on the second display substrate200, and the first display substrate100and the second display substrate200may be bonded together in a vacuum by applying pressure to the first display substrate100. At this time, the air or gas within the first gaps123may be released through the first and second openings OP1and OP2, and part of the sealing material400amay be spread by the pressure, thereby sealing the first and second openings OP1and OP2.

As described above, the process of bonding the first display substrate100and the second display substrate200may be performed in a vacuum. Accordingly, the space within each of the first gaps123may be maintained in a vacuum. In addition, since the first and second openings OP1and OP2of the first protective layer130are sealed by the sealing material400aor the sealant400(seeFIG. 3), the space within each of the first gaps123may be maintained in a vacuum.

FIG. 9is a plan view of a modified embodiment of the structure illustrated inFIG. 2, more specifically, illustrates a modified embodiment of the first opening OP1. Referring toFIGS. 2 through 9, unlike the first opening OP1ofFIG. 2, a first opening OP1aof a first protective layer may consist of a plurality of sub-openings (OP11, OP12and OP13) separated from each other.

For example, the first opening OP1amay include a first sub-opening OP11, a second sub-opening OP12separated from the first sub-opening OP11, and a third sub-opening OP13separated from the first sub-opening OP11and the second sub-opening OP12. The first through third sub-openings OP11through OP13may be separated from each other along a direction, e.g., a second direction D2intersecting a direction in which first linear patterns121extend and may be arranged side by side with each other along the second direction D2.

Similarly, unlike the second opening OP2ofFIG. 2, a second opening OP2aof the first protective layer may consist of a plurality of sub-openings OP21through OP23separated from each other. The sub-openings OP21through OP23may be separated from each other along a direction, e.g., the second direction D2intersecting the direction in which the first linear patterns121extend and may be arranged side by side with each other along the second direction D2.

In the drawing, each of the first opening OP1aand the second opening OP2aincludes three sub-openings. However, this is merely an example, and there is no limit to the number of sub-openings.

The display device1according to the above-described embodiment includes the first polarizing element PL. Therefore, the display device1is thinner than a display device to which a separate polarizing plate is attached. In addition, the probability that outgassing will occur in the process of manufacturing the display device1due to gas (such as air) trapped in the first polarizing element PL and that a defect will occur due to the outgassing can be reduced. Accordingly, a display device with improved reliability can be manufactured.

FIG. 10is a plan view of a display device1aaccording to an embodiment.FIG. 11is a plan view illustrating only a second polarizing element PLh and openings OP3and OP4of a second protective layer230among components of the display device1aofFIG. 10.FIG. 12is a cross-sectional view taken along the line X1a-X1a′ ofFIG. 10.FIG. 13is a cross-sectional view taken along the line X2a-X2a′ ofFIG. 10.FIG. 14is a cross-sectional view taken along the line X3a-X3a′ ofFIG. 10.FIG. 15is a cross-sectional view taken along the line X4a-X4a′ ofFIG. 10.FIG. 16is a cross-sectional view taken along the line X5a-X5a′ ofFIG. 10.FIG. 17is a cross-sectional view taken along the line X6a-X6a′ ofFIG. 10.

Referring toFIGS. 10 through 17, the display device1aaccording to the current embodiment may include the first display substrate100, a second display substrate200awhich faces the first display substrate100, the liquid crystal layer300which is interposed between the first display substrate100and the second display substrate200a, and a sealant400between the first display substrate100and the second display substrate200aand located in a seal area SA.

The biggest difference between the display device1aaccording to the current embodiment and the display device1described above with reference toFIGS. 1 through 6is that the second display substrate200aof the display device1aincludes the second polarizing element PLh and the second protective layer230. Other components of the display device1aaccording to the current embodiment are substantially identical or similar to those of the display device1described above with reference toFIGS. 1 through 6. Therefore, the following description will focus on differences between the display device1aaccording to the current embodiment and the display device1described above with reference toFIGS. 1 through 6.

The second display substrate200awill hereinafter be described. A second base substrate210may include a transparent insulating substrate. The second base substrate210may be, e.g., a glass substrate, a quartz substrate or a transparent resin substrate or may include polymer or plastic having high thermal resistance. In some embodiments, the second base substrate210may have flexibility.

The second polarizing element PLh may be located on a surface of the second base substrate210that faces the first display substrate100. The second polarizing element PLh may be located in a display area DA, and a part of the second polarizing element PLh may be located in the seal area SA. Alternatively, a part of the second polarizing element PLh may also be located in a peripheral area PHA.

The second polarizing element PLh may include a plurality of second linear patterns221extending along a direction. Each pair of neighboring second linear patterns221may be separated from each other by a second gap223along a direction intersecting the above direction. The second linear patterns221may be arranged with a period shorter than a wavelength of visible light. The second linear patterns221of the second polarizing element PLh may include at least one of aluminum (Al), gold (Au), silver (Ag), copper (Cu), chrome (Cr), iron (Fe), and nickel (Ni).

In some embodiments, the second linear patterns221may extend in a direction (e.g., a second direction D2) intersecting a direction (e.g., a first direction D1) in which first linear patterns121extend. In an example, a polarization axis of a first polarizing element PL located under the liquid crystal layer300and a polarization axis of the second polarizing element PLh located on the liquid crystal layer300may be orthogonal to each other. This is the same as a case where polarization axes of conventional polarizing plates employed under and above the liquid crystal layer300are orthogonal to each other. Hereinafter, a case where the second linear patterns221extend along the second direction D2and are separated from each other by the second gap223along the first direction D1will be described as an example.

The second polarizing element PLh may include a first edge E1hand a second edge E2hwhich are located opposite each other along the direction (i.e., the second direction D2) in which the second linear patterns221extend. In addition, the second polarizing element PLh may include a third edge E3hand a fourth edge E4hwhich are located opposite each other along the direction (i.e., the first direction D1) intersecting the direction in which the second linear patterns221extend. In the drawings, the first edge E1h, the second edge E2h, the third edge E3h, and the fourth edge E4hof the second polarizing element PLh form a quadrilateral. However, this is merely an example, and embodiments are not limited to this example.

At least one of the first edge E1hand the second edge E2hof the second polarizing element PLh may be located in an area other than the display area DA. For example, at least one of the first edge E1hand the second edge E2hof the second polarizing element PLh may be located in the seal area SA. Alternatively, both the first edge E1hand the second edge E2hof the second polarizing element PLh may be located in the seal area SA as illustrated in the drawings. Alternatively, at least one of the first edge E1hand the second edge E2hof the second polarizing element PLh may be located in the peripheral area PHA. For ease of description, a case where both the first edge E1hand the second edge E2hof the second polarizing element PLh are located in the seal area SA will be described below as an example.

In some embodiments, at least any one of the third edge E3hand the fourth edge E4hof the second polarizing element PLh may be located in an area other than the display area DA. In the drawings, both the third edge E3hand the fourth edge E4hof the second polarizing element PLh are located in the seal area SA. However, this is merely an example.

The second protective layer230may be located on a surface of the second base substrate210and the second polarizing element PLh. The second protective layer230may include an inorganic insulating material such as silicon nitride (SiNx) or silicon oxide (SiOx). Like a first protective layer130, the second protective layer230may cover all or part of the second polarizing element PLh to protect the second polarizing element PLh. The second protective layer230may be located in the display area DA and the seal area SA. In some embodiments, the second protective layer230may also be located in the peripheral area PHA. A part of the second protective layer230which is located on the second polarizing element PLh may not contact the surface of the second base substrate210. Accordingly, a space may be defined in the second gap223by the second base substrate210, the second linear patterns221, and the second protective layer230. In addition, the space within the second gap223may be in a vacuum.

In some embodiments, the second protective layer230may completely cover the second polarizing element PLh. More specifically, side surfaces2211of the second linear patterns221located at the first edge E1hof the second polarizing element PLh may contact the second protective layer230. In addition, side surfaces2212of the second linear patterns221located at the second edge E2hof the second polarizing element PLh may contact the second protective layer230. Similarly, a side surface2213of a second linear pattern221located at the third edge E3hof the second polarizing element PLh and a side surface2214of a second linear pattern221located at the fourth edge E4hof the second polarizing element PLh may contact the second protective layer230.

The openings OP3and OP4located in the seal area SA that expose the second gaps223of the second polarizing element PLh may be formed in the second protective layer230. In an example, a third opening OP3and a fourth opening OP3may be formed in the second protective layer230in the seal area SA. The third opening OP3may be formed adjacent to the first edge E1hof the second polarizing element PLh and the fourth opening OP4may be formed adjacent to the second edge E2hof the second polarizing element PLh.

The third opening OP3may extend in a direction, e.g., the first direction D1intersecting the direction in which the second linear patterns221extend. When seen from above, the third opening OP3may overlap each of the second gaps223of the second polarizing elements PLh. Like the third opening OP3, the fourth opening OP4may extend along the first direction D1and overlap each of the second gaps223. In some embodiments, one of the third opening OP3and the fourth opening OP4may be omitted.

The sealant400may overlap the first polarizing element PL and the second polarizing element PLh. When seen from above, first and second openings OP1and OP2of the first protective layer130may completely overlap the sealant400. The sealant400may contact the first protective layer130, thereby sealing the first and second openings OP1and OP2. In other words, the first and second openings OP1and OP2of the first polarizing element PL may be blocked by the sealant400. Similarly, when seen from above, the third and fourth openings OP3and OP4of the second protective layer230may completely overlap the sealant400. The sealant400may contact the second protective layer230, thereby sealing the third and fourth openings OP3and OP4of the second protective layer230. That is, like the first and second openings OP1and OP2of the first protective layer130, the third and fourth openings OP3and OP4of the second protective layer230may be blocked by the sealant400.

In some embodiments, part of the sealant400may be located in the third and fourth openings OP3and OP4of the second protective layer230. Part of the sealant400may be located in the second gaps223through the third and fourth openings OP3and OP4of the second protective layer230to contact the surface of the second base substrate210and the second linear patterns221.

The display device1adescribed above includes the first polarizing element PL and the second polarizing element PLh. Therefore, like the display device1described above with reference toFIGS. 1 through 6, the display device1acan be reduced in thickness.

Alternatively, the first display substrate100may not include the first polarizing element PL and the first protective layer130, and the second display substrate200amay include the second polarizing element PLh and the second protective layer230.

FIG. 18is a plan view of a modified embodiment of the structure illustrated inFIG. 11, more specifically, illustrates a modified embodiment of the third and fourth openings OP3and OP4of the second protective layer230.

Referring toFIGS. 10 through 18, unlike the third opening OP3ofFIG. 11, a third opening OP3aof a second protective layer may consist of a plurality of sub-openings OP31through OP33separated from each other in a direction (e.g., a first direction D1) intersecting a direction in which second linear patterns221extend.

Similarly, unlike the fourth opening OP4ofFIG. 11, a fourth opening OP4aof the second protective layer may consist of a plurality of sub-openings OP41through OP43separated from each other. The sub-openings OP41through OP43may be separated from each other along the first direction D1. In the drawing, each of the third opening OP3aand the fourth opening OP4aincludes three sub-openings. However, this is merely an example, and there is no limit to the number of sub-openings.

FIG. 19is a plan view of a display device1baccording to an embodiment.FIG. 20is a plan view illustrating only a first polarizing element PLa among components of the display device1bofFIG. 19.FIG. 21is a perspective view of the first polarizing element PLa illustrated inFIG. 20.FIG. 22is a cross-sectional view taken along the line Y1-Y1′ ofFIG. 19.FIG. 23is a cross-sectional view taken along the line Y2-Y2′ ofFIG. 19.FIG. 24is a cross-sectional view taken along the line Y3-Y3′ ofFIG. 19.

Referring toFIGS. 19 through 24, the display device1baccording to the current embodiment may include a first display substrate100a, the second display substrate200which faces the first display substrate100a, the liquid crystal layer300between the first display substrate100aand the second display substrate200, and a sealant400between the first display substrate100aand the second display substrate200and located in a seal area SA.

The display device1baccording to the current embodiment is different from the display device1described above with reference toFIGS. 1 through 6in that at least any one of edges of the first polarizing element PLa is located in a peripheral area PHA and that no opening is formed in a first protective layer130. Other components of the display device1baccording to the current embodiment are substantially identical or similar to those of the display device1described above with reference toFIGS. 1 through 6. Therefore, the following description will focus on differences between the display device1baccording to the current embodiment and the display device1described above with reference toFIGS. 1 through 6.

The first polarizing element PLa may be located on the first base substrate110. The first polarizing element PLa may be located not only in a display area DA and the seal area SA, but also in the peripheral area PHA.

The first polarizing element PLa may include a plurality of first linear patterns121aextending in the first direction D1. Each pair of neighboring first linear patterns121amay be separated from each other by a first gap123aalong a second direction D2intersecting the first direction D1. In addition, air, etc. may exist in the first gap123a.

The first polarizing element PLa may include a first edge E1aand a second edge E2aopposite each other along the first direction D1in which the first linear patterns121aextend, and a third edge E3aand a fourth edge E4awhich are located opposite each other along the second direction D2intersecting the direction in which the first linear patterns121aextend.

At least any one of the first edge E1aand the second edge E2aof the first polarizing element PLa may be located in the peripheral area PHA. In some embodiments, both the first edge E1aand the second edge E2aof the first polarizing element PLa may be located in the peripheral area PHA as illustrated in the drawings. For ease of description, a case where both the first edge E1aand the second edge E2aof the first polarizing element PLa are located in the peripheral area PHA will be described below as an example.

The first protective layer130located on the first polarizing element PLa may partially cover the first polarizing element PLa. More specifically, in some embodiments, side surfaces1211aof the first linear patterns121alocated at the first edge E1aof the first polarizing element PLa may not contact the first protective layer130. In addition, side surfaces1212aof the first linear patterns121alocated at the second edge E2aof the first polarizing element PLa may not contact the first protective layer130. That is, the first protective layer130may not completely cover the first polarizing element PLa along the first direction D1. Accordingly, a first end1231aof each of the first gaps123aat the first edge E1amay be open. Similarly, a second end1232aof each of the first gaps123aat the second edge E2amay be open. Alternatively, in some embodiments, if at least one of the first edge E1aand the second edge E2aof the first polarizing element PLa is located in the peripheral area PHA, one of the first end1231aand the second end1232aof each of the first gaps123amay be open.

In some embodiments, at least any one of the third edge E3aand the fourth edge E4aof the first polarizing element PLa may be located in an area other than the display area DA. In the drawings, both the third edge E3aand the fourth edge E4aof the first polarizing element PLa are located in the seal area SA, but embodiments are not limited thereto.

In some embodiments, a side surface1213aof a first linear pattern121alocated at the third edge E3aof the first polarizing element PLa and a side surface1214aof a first linear pattern121alocated at the fourth edge E4aof the first polarizing element PLa may contact the first protective layer130. That is, the first protective layer130may completely cover the first polarizing element PLa along the second direction D2and may not completely cover the first polarizing element PLa along the first direction D1.

Other features of the first polarizing element PLa are substantially the same as those of the first polarizing element PL described above with reference toFIGS. 1 through 6and, thus, description thereof will not be repeated.

As described above, the first display substrate100aand the second display substrate200may be exposed to high temperature while being bonded together. Therefore, during the process of bonding the first display substrate100aand the second display substrate200together, if gas used in the manufacturing process or air is trapped in the first gaps123a, it may cause outgassing.

On the other hand, in the display device1baccording to the current embodiment, at least any one of the first end1231aand the second end1232aof each of the first gaps123ais open. Therefore, the gas within each of the first gaps123acan be released through the first end1231aor the second end1232aof each of the first gaps123awithout being trapped in each of the first gaps123a. This can prevent outgassing due to the gas within each of the first gaps123a, which makes it possible to provide a display device1bwith improved reliability.

FIG. 25is a cross-sectional view of a display device1caccording to an embodiment, taken along the line Y1-Y1′ ofFIG. 19.FIG. 26is a cross-sectional view of the display device1caccording to the embodiment, taken along the line Y2-Y2′ ofFIG. 19.FIG. 27is a cross-sectional view of the display device1caccording to the embodiment, taken along the line Y3-Y3′ ofFIG. 19.

Referring toFIGS. 25 through 27, the display device1caccording to the current embodiment is different from the display device1bdescribed above with reference toFIGS. 19 through 24in that it further includes an auxiliary sealing part500. Other components of the display device1caccording to the current embodiment are substantially identical to those of the display device1bdescribed above with reference toFIGS. 19 through 24.

The auxiliary sealing part500may be located in a peripheral area PHA of the display device1c. The auxiliary sealing part500may seal a first end1231aof each first gap123aat a first edge E1aand a second end1232aof each first gap123aat a second edge E2a. In addition, the auxiliary sealing part500may cover side surfaces1211aof first linear patterns which are located at the first edge E1aand side surfaces1212aof the first linear patterns which are located at the second edge E2a. In particular, the auxiliary sealing part500may have a same height as and extend from the sealing part400in the first and second directions to the first edge E1aand the second edge E2a, and then may further extend along the third direction to contact the first display substrate100and the second display substrate200.

A first polarizing element PLa may include, e.g., metal. Therefore, the first polarizing element PLa may corrode when exposed to the atmosphere.

The display device1caccording to the current embodiment can be manufactured without outgassing. Therefore, the reliability of the manufacturing process can be improved. In addition, the auxiliary sealing part500additionally included in the display device1ccovers an exposed part of the first polarizing element PLa, thereby preventing the corrosion of the first polarizing element PLa. Accordingly, the reliability of the display device1ccan be improved.

FIG. 28is a plan view of a display device1daccording to an embodiment.FIG. 29is a plan view illustrating only a first polarizing element PLb and openings OP1band OP2bof the first protective layer130among components of the display device1dofFIG. 28.FIG. 30is a cross-sectional view taken along the line Y1a-Y1a′ ofFIG. 28.FIG. 31is a cross-sectional view taken along the line Y2a-Y2a′ ofFIG. 28.FIG. 32is a cross-sectional view taken along the line Y3a-Y3a′ ofFIG. 28.

Referring toFIGS. 28 through 32, the display device1daccording to the current embodiment may include a first display substrate100b, the second display substrate200which faces the first display substrate100b, the liquid crystal layer300between the first display substrate100band the second display substrate200, and the sealant400between the first display substrate100band the second display substrate200and located in a seal area SA.

The biggest difference between the display device1daccording to the current embodiment and the display device1bdescribed above with reference toFIGS. 19 through 24is that the openings OP1band OP2bare formed in the first protective layer130of the first display substrate100b. Other components of the display device1daccording to the current embodiment are substantially identical or similar to those of the display device1bdescribed above with reference toFIGS. 19 through 24. Therefore, the following description will focus on differences between the display device1daccording to the current embodiment and the display device1bdescribed above with reference toFIGS. 19 through 24.

The first display substrate100bwill hereinafter be described. The first polarizing element PLb may be located on a first base substrate110. The first polarizing element PLb may be located not only in a display area DA and the seal area SA but also in a peripheral area PHA.

The first polarizing element PLb may include a plurality of first linear patterns121bextending in a first direction D1. Each pair of neighboring first linear patterns121bmay be separated from each other by a first gap123balong a second direction D2intersecting the first direction D1. In addition, air, etc. may exist in the first gap123b.

The first polarizing element PLb may include a first edge E1band a second edge E2bwhich are located opposite each other along the first direction D1in which the first linear patterns121bextend, and a third edge E3band a fourth edge E4bwhich are located opposite each other along the second direction D2intersecting the direction in which the first linear patterns121bextend. At least one of the first edge E1band the second edge E2bof the first polarizing element PLb may be located in the peripheral area PHA. A case where both the first edge E1band the second edge E2bof the first polarizing element PLb are located in the peripheral area PHA will hereinafter be described as an example.

The first protective layer130may be located on the first base substrate110and the first polarizing element PLb. The first protective layer130may completely cover the first polarizing element PLb. More specifically, side surfaces1211bof the first linear patterns121blocated at the first edge E1bof the first polarizing element PLb may contact the first protective layer130. In addition, side surfaces1212bof the first linear patterns121blocated at the second edge E2bof the first polarizing element PLb may contact the first protective layer130. In addition, a side surface1213bof a first linear pattern121blocated at the third edge E3bof the first polarizing element PLb and a side surface1214bof a first linear pattern121blocated at the fourth edge E4bof the first polarizing element PLb may contact the first protective layer130. That is, the first protective layer130may completely cover the first polarizing element PLb along the first direction D1and the second direction D2.

The openings OP1band OP2blocated in the peripheral area PHA that expose the first gaps123bof the first polarizing element PLb may be formed in the first protective layer130. More specifically, a first opening OP1band a second opening OP2bmay be formed in the first protective layer130in the peripheral area PHA. The first opening OP1bmay be formed adjacent to the first edge E1bof the first polarizing element PLb and the second opening OP2bmay be formed adjacent to the second edge E2bof the first polarizing element PLb. The first opening OP1band the second opening OP2bof the first protective layer130may not be located in the seal area SA and may not overlap the sealant400. That is, when seen from above, the first opening OP1bof the first protective layer130may be located between the first edge E1bof the first polarizing element PLb and the seal area SA, and the second opening OP2bof the first protective layer130may be located between the second edge E2bof the first polarizing element PLb and the seal area SA.

Top surfaces of the first linear patterns121bmay be partially exposed by the first and second openings OP1band OP2b. Similarly, a top surface of the first base substrate110may be partially exposed by the first and second openings OP1band OP2b. The first opening OP1band the second opening OP2bmay extend along the second direction D2and overlap each of the first gaps123b. In some embodiments, any one of the first opening OP1band the second opening OP2bmay be omitted.

In the case of the display device1daccording to the current embodiment, gas within each of the first gaps123bmay be released through the first opening OP1bor the second opening OP2bin the process of bonding the first display substrate100band the second display substrate200together. In other words, the gas within each of the first gaps123bis not trapped in the first polarizing element PLb. Therefore, it is possible to prevent outgassing from occurring due to the gas within each of the first gaps123bin the process of bonding the first display substrate100band the second display substrate200together. Accordingly, a display device1dwith improved reliability can be provided.

FIG. 33is a cross-sectional view of a display device1eaccording to an embodiment, taken along the line Y1a-Y1a′ ofFIG. 28.FIG. 34is a cross-sectional view of the display device1eaccording to the embodiment, taken along the line Y2a-Y2a′ ofFIG. 28.FIG. 35is a cross-sectional view of the display device1eaccording to the embodiment, taken along the line Y3a-Y3a′ ofFIG. 28.

Referring toFIGS. 33 through 35, the display device1eaccording to the current embodiment is different from the display device1ddescribed above with reference toFIGS. 28 through 32in that it further includes the auxiliary sealing part500. Other components of the display device1eaccording to the current embodiment are substantially identical to those of the display device1ddescribed above with reference toFIGS. 28 through 32.

The auxiliary sealing part500may be located in a peripheral area PHA of the display device1e. The auxiliary sealing part500may be located between a first display substrate100band a second display substrate200and seal openings OP1band OP2bof a first protective layer130. Part of the auxiliary sealing part500may be located in the openings OP1band OP2bto contact a first base substrate110and first linear patterns121b. Accordingly, the probability of corrosion of a first polarizing element PLb can be reduced, thereby improving the reliability of the display device1e.

FIG. 36is a plan view of a display device1faccording to an embodiment.FIG. 37is a plan view illustrating only a second polarizing element PLha and openings of a second protective layer230among components of the display device1fofFIG. 36.FIG. 38is a perspective view of the second polarizing element PLha illustrated inFIG. 37.FIG. 39is a cross-sectional view taken along the line Y1b-Y1b′ ofFIG. 36.FIG. 40is a cross-sectional view taken along the line Y2b-Y2b′ ofFIG. 36.FIG. 41is a cross-sectional view taken along the line Y3b-Y3b′ ofFIG. 36.

Referring toFIGS. 36 through 41, the display device1faccording to the current embodiment may include the first display substrate100a, the second display substrate200bwhich faces the first display substrate100a, the liquid crystal layer300between the first display substrate100aand the second display substrate200b, and the sealant400between the first display substrate100aand the second display substrate200band located in a seal area SA.

The biggest difference between the display device1faccording to the current embodiment and the display device1bdescribed above with reference toFIGS. 19 through 24is that the second display substrate200bof the display device1fincludes the second polarizing element PLha and the second protective layer230. Other components of the display device1faccording to the current embodiment are substantially identical or similar to those of the display device1bdescribed above with reference toFIGS. 19 through 24. Therefore, the following description will focus on differences between the display device1faccording to the current embodiment and the display device1bdescribed above with reference toFIGS. 19 through 24.

The second display substrate200bwill hereinafter be described. The second polarizing element PLha may be located on a surface of the second base substrate210which faces the first display substrate100a. The second polarizing element PLha may be located in a display area DA, the seal area SA and a peripheral area PHA.

The second polarizing element PLha may include a plurality of second linear patterns221aextending along a second direction D2. Each pair of neighboring second linear patterns221amay be separated from each other by a second gap223aalong a first direction D1.

The second polarizing element PLha may include a first edge E1haand a second edge E2hawhich are located opposite each other along the second direction D2in which the second linear patterns221aextend, and a third edge E3haand a fourth edge E4hawhich are located opposite each other along the first direction D1. In addition, air may exist in the second gap223a.

At least any one of the first edge E1haand the second edge E2haof the second polarizing element PLha may be located in the peripheral area PHA. A case where both the first edge E1haand the second edge E2haof the second polarizing element PLha are located in the peripheral area PHA will hereinafter be described as an example.

The second protective layer230may be located on a surface of the second base substrate210and the second polarizing element PLha. The second protective layer230may partially cover the second polarizing element PLha. More specifically, in some embodiments, side surfaces2211aof the second linear patterns221alocated at the first edge E1haof the second polarizing element PLha and side surfaces2212aof the second linear patterns221alocated at the second edge E2haof the second polarizing element PLha may not contact the second protective layer230. Accordingly, a first end2231aof each of the second gaps223aat the first edge E1hamay be open. Similarly, a second end2232aof each of the second gaps223aat the second edge E2hamay be open. Alternatively, in some embodiments, any one of the first end2231aand the second end2232aof each of the second gaps223amay be open.

In some embodiments, at least one of the third edge E3haand the fourth edge E4haof the second polarizing element PLha may be located in an area other than the display area DA. A case where both the third edge E3haand the fourth edge E4haof the second polarizing element PLha are located in the seal area SA as illustrated in the drawings will hereinafter be described as an example, but embodiments are not limited to this example.

In some embodiments, a side surface2213aof a second linear pattern221alocated at the third edge E3haof the second polarizing element PLha and a side surface2214aof a second linear pattern221alocated at the fourth edge E4haof the second polarizing element PLha may contact the second protective layer230. That is, the second protective layer230may completely cover the second polarizing element PLha along the first direction D1and may not completely cover the second polarizing element PLha along the second direction D2.

In the display device1faccording to the current embodiment, at least one of a first end1231aand a second end1232aof each first gap123ais open out of a first protective layer130, and at least one of the first end2231aand the second end2232aof each second gap223ais open out of the second protective layer230. Accordingly, gas is not trapped in each of the first and second gaps123aand223a, thereby preventing the occurrence of outgassing. Hence, a display device1fwith improved reliability can be provided.

Although not illustrated in the drawings, in some embodiments, the first display substrate100amay not include a first polarizing element PLa and the first protective layer130, and the second display substrate200bmay include the second polarizing element PLha and the second protective layer230.

FIG. 42is a cross-sectional view of a display device1gaccording to an embodiment, taken along the line Y1b-Y1b′ ofFIG. 36.FIG. 43is a cross-sectional view of the display device1gaccording to the embodiment, taken along the line Y2b-Y2b′ ofFIG. 36.FIG. 44is a cross-sectional view of the display device1gaccording to the embodiment, taken along the line Y3b-Y3b′ ofFIG. 36.

Referring toFIGS. 42 through 44, the display device1gaccording to the current embodiment is different from the display device1fdescribed above with reference toFIGS. 36 through 41in that it further includes an auxiliary sealing part500. Other components of the display device1gaccording to the current embodiment are substantially identical to those of the display device1fdescribed above with reference toFIGS. 36 through 41.

The auxiliary sealing part500may be located in a peripheral area PHA of the display device1g. The auxiliary sealing part500may be located at edges of a first display substrate100aand a second display substrate200b. The auxiliary sealing part500may seal a first end1211aand a second end1212aof each first gap121a, and a first end2211aand a second end2212aof each second gap221a. Part of the auxiliary sealing part500may be located in the second gaps221ato contact a second base substrate210and second linear patterns221a.

FIG. 45is a plan view of a display device1haccording to an embodiment.FIG. 46is a plan view illustrating only a second polarizing element PLhb and openings OP3and OP4of a second protective layer230among components of the display device1hofFIG. 45.FIG. 47is a cross-sectional view taken along the line Y1c-Y1c′ ofFIG. 45.FIG. 48is a cross-sectional view taken along the line Y2c-Y2c′ ofFIG. 45.FIG. 49is a cross-sectional view taken along the line Y3c-Y3c′ ofFIG. 45.

Referring toFIGS. 45 through 49, the display device1haccording to the current embodiment may include the first display substrate100b, a second display substrate200cwhich faces the first display substrate100b, the liquid crystal layer300between the first display substrate100band the second display substrate200c, and the sealant400between the first display substrate100band the second display substrate200cand located in a seal area SA.

The biggest difference between the display device1haccording to the current embodiment and the display device1ddescribed above with reference toFIGS. 28 through 32is that the second display substrate200cof the display device1hincludes the second polarizing element PLhb and the second protective layer230and that the openings OP3band OP4bare formed in the second protective layer230. Other components of the display device1haccording to the current embodiment are substantially identical or similar to those of the display device1ddescribed above with reference toFIGS. 28 through 32. Therefore, the following description will focus on differences between the display device1haccording to the current embodiment and the display device1ddescribed above with reference toFIGS. 28 through 32.

The second display substrate200cwill hereinafter be described. The second polarizing element PLhb may be located on a surface of a second base substrate210which faces the first display substrate100b. The second polarizing element PLhb may be located not only in a display area DA and the seal area SA, but also in a peripheral area PHA.

The second polarizing element PLhb may include a plurality of second linear patterns221bextending in a second direction D2. Each pair of neighboring second linear patterns221bmay be separated from each other by a second gap223balong a first direction D1intersecting the second direction D2. In addition, gas such as air may exist in the second gap223b.

The second polarizing element PLhb may include a first edge E1hband a second edge E2hbwhich are located opposite each other along the second direction D2and a third edge E3hband a fourth edge E4hbwhich are located opposite each other along the first direction D1. At least any one of the first edge E1hband the second edge E2hbof the second polarizing element PLhb may be located in the peripheral area PHA. A case where both the first edge E1hband the second edge E2hbof the second polarizing element PLhb are located in the peripheral area PHA will hereinafter be described as an example.

The second protective layer230may be located on the surface of the second base substrate210and the second polarizing element PLhb. The second protective layer230may completely cover the second polarizing element PLhb along the first direction D1and the second direction D2. More specifically, a side surface2211bof a second linear pattern221blocated at the first edge E1hbof the second polarizing element PLhb and a side surface2212bof a second linear pattern221blocated at the second edge E2hbof the second polarizing element PLhb may contact the second protective layer230. In addition, side surfaces2213bof the second linear patterns221blocated at the third edge E3hbof the second polarizing element PLhb and side surfaces2214bof the second linear patterns221blocated at the fourth edge E4hbof the second polarizing element PLb may contact the second protective layer230.

The openings OP3band OP4blocated in the peripheral area PHA that expose the second gaps223bof the second polarizing element PLhb may be formed in the second protective layer230. The openings OP3band OP4bof the second protective layer230may not be located in the seal area SA and may not overlap the sealant400. If the openings OP3band OP4bof the second protective layer230are referred to a third opening OP3band a fourth opening OP4b, the third opening OP3bof the second protective layer230, when seen from above, may be located between the first edge E1hbof the second polarizing element PLhb and the seal area SA, and the fourth opening OP4bof the second protective layer230, when seen from above, may be located between the second edge E2hbof the second polarizing element PLhb and the seal area SA. Each of the third and fourth openings OP3band OP4bof the second protective layer230may extend along the first direction D1and overlap each of the second gaps223b.

In the case of the display device1haccording to the current embodiment, air within each first gap123bmay be released through openings OP1band OP2bof a first protective layer130during the process of bonding the first display substrate100band the second display substrate200ctogether. Similarly, air within each second gap223bmay be released through the openings OP3band OP4bof the second protective layer230. Therefore, it is possible to prevent outgassing from occurring in the process of bonding the first display substrate100band the second display substrate200c.

FIG. 50is a plan view of a display device1iaccording to an embodiment.FIG. 51is a plan view illustrating only a first polarizing element PLc among components of the display device1iofFIG. 50.FIG. 52is a cross-sectional view taken along the line Y1d-Y1d′ ofFIG. 50.FIG. 53is a cross-sectional view taken along the line Y2d-Y2d′ ofFIG. 50.FIG. 54is a cross-sectional view taken along the line Y3d-Y3d′ ofFIG. 50.

Referring toFIGS. 50 through 54, the display device1iaccording to the current embodiment may include a first display substrate100c, the second display substrate200which faces the first display substrate100c, the liquid crystal layer300between the first display substrate100cand the second display substrate200, and the sealant400between the first display substrate100cand the second display substrate200and located in a seal area SA.

The biggest difference between the display device1iaccording to the current embodiment and the display device1ddescribed above with reference toFIGS. 28 through 32is that no openings are formed in a first protective layer130of the first display substrate100c. Other components of the display device1iaccording to the current embodiment are substantially identical or similar to those of the display device1ddescribed above with reference toFIGS. 28 through 32. Therefore, the following description will focus on differences between the display device1iaccording to the current embodiment and the display device1ddescribed above with reference toFIGS. 28 through 32.

The first display substrate100cwill hereinafter be described. A first polarizing element PLc may be located on a first base substrate110. The first polarizing element PLc may include a plurality of first linear patterns121cextending in a first direction D1. Each pair of neighboring first linear patterns121cmay be separated from each other by a first gap123calong a second direction D2intersecting the first direction D1. In addition, gas such as air may exist in the first gap123c.

The first polarizing element PLc may include a first edge E1cand a second edge E2clocated opposite each other along the first direction D1in which the first linear patterns121cextend, and a third edge E3cand a fourth edge E4clocated opposite each other along the second direction D2intersecting the direction in which the first linear patterns121cextend.

The first protective layer130may be located on the first base substrate110and the first polarizing element PLc. The first protective layer130may completely cover the first polarizing element PLc. More specifically, side surfaces1211cof the first linear patterns121clocated at the first edge E1cof the first polarizing element PLc may contact the first protective layer130. In addition, side surfaces1212cof the first linear patterns121clocated at the second edge E2cof the first polarizing element PLc may contact the first protective layer130. In addition, a first end1231cof each of the first gaps123clocated at the first edge E1cof the first polarizing element PLc may be sealed by the first protective layer130. Likewise, a second end1232cof each of the first gaps123clocated at the second edge E2cof the first polarizing element PLc may be sealed by the first protective layer130.

In addition, a side surface1213cof a first linear pattern121clocated at the third edge E3cof the first polarizing element PLc and a side surface1214cof a first linear pattern121located at the fourth edge E4cof the first polarizing element PLc may contact the first protective layer130. That is, the first protective layer130may completely cover the first polarizing element PLc along the first direction D1and the second direction D2. At least one of the first edge E1c, the second edge E2c, the third edge E3cand the fourth edge E4cof the first polarizing element PLc may be located in a peripheral area PHA.

The first polarizing element PLc may be formed by a nanoimprint process. For example, the first polarizing element PLc may be formed by forming a metal layer on the first base substrate110, coating resin on the metal layer, transferring patterns onto the resin using an imprint mold, and etching the metal layer using the resin having the transferred patterns as a mask. In the above nanoimprint process, the resin may be pushed toward the edge side in the pattern transfer process, or the patterns may not be transferred with uniform pressure. For such reasons, the first linear patterns121cmay be formed non-uniformly on the edge side of the first polarizing element PLc. In this case, if the first polarizing element PLc is covered with the first protective layer130, outgassing may occur, that is, gas may be released out of the first protective layer130on the edge side of the first polarizing element PLc. That is, the probability of outgassing may be relatively higher on the edge side of the first polarizing element PLc than in other parts.

In the current embodiment, the first through fourth edges E1cthrough E4cof the first polarizing element PLc with a relatively high probability of outgassing may be disposed not in a display area DA but in the peripheral area PHA. Accordingly, even if outgassing occurs on the edge side of the first polarizing element P1c, it may not affect the liquid crystal layer300of the display area DA. Consequently, the reliability of the display device1ican be improved. Further, since the first protective layer130completely covers the first polarizing element PLc, the probability of corrosion of the first polarizing element PLc can be reduced.

Hereinafter, a case where the first edge E1c, the second edge E2c, the third edge E3cand the fourth edge E4cof the first polarizing element PLc are all located in the peripheral area PHA will be described as an example. When seen from above, a distance L1between the first edge E1cof the first polarizing element PLc and the seal area SA or the sealant400may be 5 micrometers or more. Similarly, a distance L2between the second edge E2cand the seal area SA, a distance L3between the third edge E3cand the seal area SA, and a distance L4between the fourth edge E4cand the seal area SA may be 5 micrometers or more. Since the distances between the first through fourth edges E1cthrough E4cof the first polarizing element PLc and the seal area SA are 5 micrometers or more, even if outgassing occurs at the first through fourth edges E1cthrough E4cof the first polarizing element PLc, the effect of outgassed gas on the liquid crystal layer300can be minimized.

FIG. 55is a plan view of a display device1jaccording to an embodiment.FIG. 56is a plan view illustrating only a second polarizing element PLhc among components of the display device1jofFIG. 55.FIG. 57is a cross-sectional view taken along the line Y1e-Y1e′ ofFIG. 55.FIG. 58is a cross-sectional view taken along the line Y2e-Y2e′ ofFIG. 55.FIG. 59is a cross-sectional view taken along the line Y3e-Y3e′ ofFIG. 55.FIG. 60is a cross-sectional view taken along the line Y4e-Y4e′ ofFIG. 55.

Referring toFIGS. 55 through 60, the display device1jaccording to the current embodiment may include the first display substrate100c, a second display substrate200dwhich faces the first display substrate100c, the liquid crystal layer300between the first display substrate100cand the second display substrate200d, and the sealant400between the first display substrate100cand the second display substrate200dand located in a seal area SA.

The biggest difference between the display device1jaccording to the current embodiment and the display device1idescribed above with reference toFIGS. 50 through 54is that the second display substrate100dincludes the second polarizing element PLhc and a second protective layer230. Other components of the display device1jaccording to the current embodiment are substantially identical or similar to those of the display device1idescribed above with reference toFIGS. 50 through 54. Therefore, the following description will focus on differences between the display device1jaccording to the current embodiment and the display device1idescribed above with reference toFIGS. 50 through 54.

The second display substrate200dwill hereinafter be described. The second polarizing element PLhc may be located on a surface of a second base substrate210which faces the first display substrate100c.

The second polarizing element PLhc may include a plurality of second linear patterns221cextending in a second direction D2. Each pair of neighboring second linear patterns221cmay be separated from each other by a second gap223calong a first direction D1intersecting the second direction D2. In addition, gas such as air may exist in the second gap223c.

The second polarizing element PLhc may include a first edge E1hcand a second edge E2hcwhich are located opposite each other along the second direction D2and a third edge E3hcand a fourth edge E4hcwhich are located opposite each other along the first direction D1.

The second protective layer230may be located on the surface of the second base substrate210and the second polarizing element PLhc. The second protective layer230may completely cover the second polarizing element PLhc along the first direction D1and the second direction D2. More specifically, side surfaces2211cof the second linear patterns221clocated at the first edge E1hcof the second polarizing element PLhc and side surfaces2212cof the second linear patterns221clocated at the second edge E2hcof the second polarizing element PLhc may contact the second protective layer230. In addition, a first end2231cof each of the second gaps223clocated at the first edge E1hcof the second polarizing element PLhc may be sealed by the second protective layer230. Likewise, a second end2232cof each of the second gaps223cwhich is located at the second edge E2hcof the second polarizing element PLhc may be sealed by the second protective layer230. In addition, a side surface2213cof a second linear pattern221clocated at the third edge E3hcof the second polarizing element PLhc and a side surface2214cof a second linear pattern221clocated at the fourth edge E4hcof the second polarizing element PLhc may contact the second protective layer230.

Like a first polarizing element PLc, the second polarizing element PLhc has a high probability of outgassing on its edge side. In the current embodiment, the first through fourth edges E1hcthrough E4hcof the second polarizing element PLhc with a high probability of outgassing may be disposed not in a display area DA but in a peripheral area PHA. Accordingly, even if outgassing occurs, that is, even if gas within each of the second gaps223cis released out of the second protective layer230, it may not affect the liquid crystal layer300of the display area DA. Further, since the second protective layer230completely covers the second polarizing element PLhc, the probability of corrosion of the second polarizing element PLhc can be reduced.

In embodiments other than the above-described embodiments, a display device may include any one of the above-described first display substrates100,100a,100b, and100cand any one of the above-described second display substrates200,200a,200b,200c, and200d. Alternatively, in embodiments other than the above-described embodiments, a display device may include a first display substrate without a polarizing element and any one of the second display substrates200,200a,200b,200c, and200ddescribed above. That is, various combinations of a first display substrate and a second display substrate are possible in addition to the above-described structures.

According to one or more embodiments, a display device includes a polarizing element having a plurality of linear patterns. Therefore, the display device is thinner than a display device to which a conventional polarizing plate is attached.

In addition, according to one or more embodiments, it is possible to prevent outgassing from occurring due to gas within each gap of the polarizing element. Therefore, a display device with improved reliability can be provided.

Further, according to one or more embodiments, even if outgassing occurs in the polarizing element, it is possible to prevent outgassed gas from affecting a liquid crystal layer. Accordingly, a display device with improved reliability can be provided.