LED candle bulb and LED candle light

The present invention is directed generally to electric lighting, and more particularly to a light emitting diode (LED) candle bulb and LED candle light. More particularly, the present invention relates to a candle light assembly comprising: a bulb enclosing a volume and having an opening at a longitudinal end, wherein the opening has an interior circumference which is threaded; a heat sink base with an opening at a longitudinal end, wherein the opening has an interior circumference which is threaded; a connector for securing the bulb to the heat sink base, which has an upper exterior threaded portion for communicating with the threaded bulb and a lower exterior threaded portion for communicating with the threaded base; and an optics assembly comprising an LED, a lens, and a drive circuit for operating the LED. The LED candle lights according to embodiments of the invention can provide bright lighting similar to that of traditional incandescent candle light without overheating.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Field of the Invention

The present invention relates generally to electric lighting, and more particularly to a light emitting diode (LED) candle bulb and LED candle light.

Description of Related Art

Traditional incandescent lamps or light bulbs suffer from a variety of shortcomings, including but not limited to, inefficient use of energy and limited lifespans. Other type of lamps, such as compact fluorescent lamps and LED lighting have become increasingly popular and have aided in helping with some of the above limitations. These newer forms of lighting present their own challenges. For example, challenges related to LED lighting applications relate to heat dissipation and space limitations. The space limitations are even more challenging when trying to make a stylishly shaped light bulb. For years, prior to the invention of light bulbs, candles where a stylish and fancy form of lighting. In recent years, many light bulbs have been shaped as stylish candles. Accordingly, it would be useful to have a LED based light bulb that is both a stylish candlelight and with improved lighting components.

Thus, there remains a need for an improved LED candle bulb and light. It is to the provision of an improved LED candle light and bulb, and systems and methods related thereto, meeting these and other needs that the present invention is primarily directed.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

Embodiments of the present invention relate generally to electric lighting, and more particularly to a light emitting diode (LED) candle type bulb and LED candle light.

In certain embodiments, the present invention provides a light assembly comprising: a candle bulb enclosing a volume and having an opening at a longitudinal end, a lens placed proximate to the opening in the candle bulb, an LED light source placed proximate to the opening in the lens for emitting light into the candle bulb, a lamp cap forming the candle bulb base, a heat sink and a connector that connects the LED light source to the heat sink and allows for efficient heat dissipation.

In another embodiment the current invention provides a method of providing light comprising: providing a light assembly that comprises: a candle bulb enclosing a volume and having an opening at a longitudinal end, a lens placed proximate to the opening in the candle bulb, a LED light source placed proximate to the opening in the lens for emitting light into the candle bulb, a lamp cap forming the candle bulb base, a heat sink, and a connector that connects the LED light source to the heat sink; electrically powering the LED light source; dissipating the heat generated by the LED light source through the connector with the heat sink; collecting the light emitted by the LED light source through the lens to the inside the candle bulb; and transmitting and scattering the collected light to produce light similar to traditional incandescent candle light.

The features of novelty and various other advantages that characterize the invention are pointed out with particularity in the claims forming a part hereof. However, for a better understanding of the invention, its advantages, and the objects obtained by its use, reference should be made to the drawings that form a further part hereof, and to the accompanying descriptive matter, in that there is illustrated and described a preferred embodiment of the invention. The features and advantages of the present invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art. While numerous changes may be made by those skilled in the art, such changes are within the spirit of the invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

In accordance with embodiments of the present invention, provided are light emitting diode (LED) type candle bulbs and LED candle lights.

Existing candle light LED assemblies, such as that disclosed in US Published Application Nos. 2009/0213597 and 2010/0001662, which are incorporated by reference herein in their entireties, and which generally disclose an LED candelabra, do not have an efficient means for dissipating heat from the system and do not have the type of soft lighting provided by conventional incandescent candle-type bulbs. One of the many advantages of the present invention is that in embodiments of the candle light LED assemblies disclosed herein, the bulb and heat sink are not integral. Nonetheless, the heat sink incorporated in the present invention is capable of efficiently dissipating heat away from the LED light. In embodiments, there is no heat sink component to the bulb itself, which is different from existing candle-like bulbs where the heat sink is incorporated directly into the bulb, such as that disclosed in US Published Application No. 2010/0097821, the disclosure of which is hereby incorporated by reference herein in its entirety. The heat sink in embodiments of the present invention provides a decorative candle like appearance. Another advantage is that certain embodiments of the invention may include candle light LED assemblies operably configured to produce light similar to traditional incandescent candle light.

Referring now to the Figures,FIGS. 1 and 2, respectively are schematic diagrams illustrating a top front perspective view and a front elevation view of an LED candle light assembly and candle bulb of the invention. As shown, candle light100/200comprises a globe110/210(otherwise referred to as a bulb), a lens120/220and LED light source130/230encompassed by globe110/210(and not visible in the drawing), a connector140/240, and LED heat sink160/260. In such a configuration, heat generated by LED130/230is transferred to connector140/240with which the LED is in physical contact. The connector140/240also serves as securing means for attaching globe110/210to heat sink160/260and for securing lens120/220and LED130/230within the globe110/210. As shown in this embodiment, connector140/240comprises through holes disposed around the circumference of the connector to further facilitate dissipation of heat. Heat sink160/260is configured as a candle stick for aesthetic purposes as well as for heat dissipation purposes. The elongated shape of the heat sink160/260allows for efficient dissipation of heat along the length of the shaft material. The heat sink160/260can be solid, hollow, or a combination thereof.

FIG. 3is a schematic diagram illustrating a representative LED candle light assembly and candle bulb of the invention. The assembly300can comprise a bulb310with an outermost diameter ranging from about 10 mm to about 80 mm, such as about 35 mm, which is shown. Generally, the outermost diameter of the bulb310measures about half the height of the bulb310, or slightly less than half the height. Thinner bulbs310may also be desired for particular applications, such as having an outer diameter of about 10%, 20%, 25%, 30%, or 33% of the height of the bulb. The bulb310may also be about 30 mm to about 150 mm in height, such as about 89 mm as shown. In embodiments, no bulb is required. Likewise, the heat sink360can range in height from about 50 mm to about 250 mm, such as about 130 mm as shown. Typically, the bulb310to heat sink360height ratio ranges from about 1:1 to about 1:5, while higher ratios may be preferred for applications where higher intensity LEDs are used which give off a substantial amount of heat and for which a longer heat sink360is needed to dissipate the heat. The diameter of the heat sink360can also be altered, if desired, to allow for greater of lesser heat sink capabilities. A typical range for heat sink360diameter is about 10 mm to about 80 mm, and for example about 30 mm as shown. The height of the bulb310and heat sink360, as well as the diameter of the bulb310and heat sink360are not critical and one of skill in the art with the benefit of this disclosure would know how to alter the dimensions for a particular application. The heat sink has a length of from about 100 mm to about 200 mm, such as about 130 mm, as shown. The outer diameter of the heat sink can range from about 10 mm to about 60 mm, such as about 30 mm, as shown.

FIG. 4is a plot illustrating light distribution for an LED candle light assembly and candle bulb of the present invention. In certain embodiments, the LED and lens selected for a particular lighting effect may be operably configured to provide a light viewing angle of from about 60 to about 360 degrees. In preferred embodiments, the lens may be operably configured to provide a light viewing angle of about 300 degrees. One of ordinary skill in the art, with the benefit of this disclosure, would know the type and shape of lens to use for a particular application for providing the desired lighting effect. In other preferred embodiments, the light viewing angle can be from about 70-350 degrees, such as from about 75-340 degrees, such as from about 80-330 degrees, or from about 85-320 degrees, or from about 90-310 degrees, even further from about 100-305 degrees, such as from about 110-290 degrees, or from about 120-280 degrees, or from about 130-270 degrees, or from about 145-250 degrees, such as from about 150-240 degrees, or from about 160-230 degrees, or from about 170-220 degrees, or from about 180-210 degrees, such as from about 190-205 degrees, or a viewing angle of about 200 degrees.

FIG. 5is a graphical representation illustrating the heat sink simulation of the temperature in an LED candle light assembly of the present invention. As shown, a representative heat sink560of a candle light500according to the invention absorbs heat from the LED530when the LED is illuminated. As demonstrated inFIG. 5, heat transfer occurs from the LED530to the connector540to which it is in physical contact with. Typically, the underside of a chip type LED530is disposed on the upper surface of the connector540and there may be direct contact between these surfaces. Alternatively, there may be indirect contact between these surfaces if using an intermediate thermal conduction material. LED530can further be secured to the connector using screws, if desired, or other means that will not disrupt the heat transfer properties between the surface of the LED530and the surface of the connector540. Heat is then dissipated by way of through holes541in the connector and by heat transfer to the body of the heat sink560. The connector540and heat sink560can physically contact one another through various means, including by a threaded connection and/or a friction fit. As demonstrated inFIG. 5, when the candle light500is not illuminated, the components of the system have the same or about the same temperature as the environment in which they are disposed. Here, the components begin at approximately an atmospheric temperature of about 26 degrees C. When the LED530is illuminated a maximum temperature increase of about 37.5 degrees C. is realized. This is the temperature of LED530, the connector540, and an upper portion of the heat sink560. As heat is transferred along the length of the candle stick shaped heat sink shaft560, the temperature of the heat sink560is lower near its base. Thus, a maximum temperature for the LED530when illuminated is only about 63.5 degrees C. To obtain these or similar results, a chip type LED530can be used, such as model CL-L251-MC6WW1-C from Citizen Electronics Co., Ltd. Japan. Such LEDs are a white power LED for general lighting, with a general color rendering index (CRI) of 85 Type, a 6 watt package (input power), and an Energy Star Correlated Color Temperature of about 3500 K. Performance of such an LED can be characterized as follows:

Preferred characteristics for the candle light embodiments according to the invention can include a brightness of 455 lm, a color temperature of 3500K, a CRI of 85, and light distribution (otherwise referred to as viewing angle) of about 300 degrees. Preferred thermal data can include a maximum temperature increase of about 37.5 degrees C., a thermal resistance of about 7.8 degrees C./W, and a thermal power of about 4.8 watts (6 W at 80%). Preferred light fixture data can include a power source effective of greater than or equal to 75%, a lens effective of greater than or equal to 85%, and/or a fixture effective of greater than or equal to 63%.

FIGS. 6A-Bare respectively schematic diagrams of a disassembled and assembled LED candle light assembly600of the invention. As shown, generally the candle light600can comprise a bulb610, a lens620, and LED630, a connector640, a lamp cap650, and a radiator660. For the bulb610(otherwise referred to as a lamp or globe), any bulb commonly known in the industry and commercially available in existing decorative light bulbs can be used. The bulb itself generally resembles the shape of a candle flame and can be transparent or semi-transparent, such as frosted. Bulbs with other shapes may also be used in embodiments of the present invention and according to a desired lighting effect. Any material that allows for the transmission of light through it can be used, including any glass or plastic. Preferable materials include polyvinylchloride (PVC). The candle bulb of the present invention has a hollow interior and an opening at one longitudinal end.

In certain embodiments, the lens620is operably configured to fit into the opening at the longitudinal end of the candle bulb and to rest on or around the LED630. The lens620of the present invention may be made of any suitable material used for lenses. In certain preferred embodiments the lens may be made of PMMA (polymethyl methacrylate). Further preferred is a lens620comprised of a single material having a single refractive index. The lens of the present invention may have any suitable shape and may be translucent. In preferred embodiments of the present invention, the light emitted from the candle light assembly may resemble traditional incandescent candle light.

Continuing to refer toFIGS. 6A-B, the LED light source630of the present invention may take the form of any variety of LEDs of various wattage and/or light output color. In certain embodiments of the present invention, the LED light source may comprise a high-intensity LED, a medium-intensity LED, a low-intensity LED and any combination thereof. In preferred embodiments, the light assembly may have an LED light source emission of white or warm white. One of ordinary skill in the art, with the benefit of this disclosure, would know the appropriate LED light source to use for a particular application.

Referring again toFIG. 6A, the connector640may be used to connect and secure the lens and LED light source within the bulb. The connector640also is secured to the lamp cap, which provides for an electrical connection of the LED to a power source and for containment of the drive circuit for the LED630. In certain embodiments of the present invention, the connector640may be used to pull heat away from the candle bulb to the heat sink660. The connector640further may have through holes disposed in and through its upper surface around its circumference in order to release heat, thereby improving the heat dissipation of the candle light LED assembly. The connector can be any material suitable for joining the upper and lower components of the candle light as well as for dissipating heat given off from the LED light source. The present invention may comprise a lamp cap650chosen from a plurality of different base styles. As shown in the Figures, the candle bulb base may be contained in the interior hollow portion of the heat sink660when assembled. To this end, the heat sink660may comprise an internal compartment or housing capable of fitting the candle bulb base (otherwise referred to as a lamp cap). The connector640is secured to the heat sink660using friction, adhesive, notching, threading or any other suitable method of securing. The bulb base in certain embodiments fits loosely within the heat sink660and does not contact the walls of the heat sink660. The heat sink may have an elongated shaft that may resemble a candlestick. In some embodiments, the heat sink may be configured to resemble dripping wax. In preferred embodiments, the heat sink may be hollow along its length, or a portion thereof.

FIGS. 7A and 7Bare photos of disassembled and partially assembled LED candle lights700according to embodiments of the invention. In these embodiments, bulb710is translucent, made of glass, and is shaped like a candle flame. Housed within the bulb710is lens720. In this embodiment, the bulb710comprises structure for stabilizing the lens720within the bulb in a desired position and for preventing the lens720from coming dislodged once the system is assembled. The bulb710further comprises a threaded opening around the interior circumference of its base for securing the bulb710to the connector740. The base of bulb710in this embodiment is metal. The lens720is disposed over or around LED730in a manner to provide the desired light viewing angle. The lens720rests within the connector740such that connector740, which is also threaded, can be joined with the base of bulb710. The connector740, as shown, can comprise heat sink capabilities and as such can be comprised of a metal or ceramic material and optionally comprise ribs or fins for increasing the overall surface area of the connector740to provide for maximum heat sink efficiency. Connector740houses drive circuit742for the LED730and is encompassed by lamp cap750. Lamp cap or bulb base750is operably configured for complementing socket770for insertion into the socket, which provides for electrical connection of the LED to a power source. Once assembled, socket770is disposed entirely within the shaft760and connector740is secured within the shaft by way of a threaded section disposed around the exterior circumference of the connector. The shaft760can also be operably configured to provide heat sink capabilities for the system.

FIGS. 8A and 8Bare photos of disassembled and partially assembled LED candle lights according to embodiments of the invention, showing the upper portion of the light800. As shown, a threaded section811is provided along the interior circumference of bulb810around the opening at its base. This threaded portion of the bulb is operably configured to mate with the threaded section843of connector840and when mated to provide a secure placement of lens820within the bulb810. Likewise, threaded portion844of connector840is adapted to mate with complementary threads on the interior of the shaft860(not shown).

FIG. 9is a photo of a candle light900according to the invention. The system shown in this embodiment is fully assembled and provides for a streamlined appearance. Candle light900comprises a bulb910, which houses lens920for distributing light from an LED in a desired manner through bulb910. At the base of the bulb910is a metal collar911with internal threaded rings for securing the bulb910to the connector (not shown). The connector is then secured to the candle stick shaped shaft960by way of complementary threaded portions as well.

FIGS. 10A and 10Bare schematic diagrams showing respectively a cross-sectional view of the candle light1000and a top perspective view of the heat sink or shaft. As shown inFIG. 10A, a candle light assembly is provided which comprises a bulb1010, a lens1020, and LED light source1030, a connector1040, a lamp cap1050, and heat sink1060. This cross-sectional view shows how the components operate together to provide a lighting system. More particularly, the lens1020is housed completely with bulb1010and is fixed in place. LED1030is disposed below the lens1020and the lens1020is disposed around the LED1030so as to allow for the passage of light from the LED into the lens at a desired angle. The LED1030is disposed in contact with connector1040to provides for the dissipation of heat from the LED into the connector. Connector1040comprises means for joining the connector with the bulb, for joining the connector with the lamp cap, and for joining the connector with the shaft/heat sink1060. Thus, the connector1040, with three separate and distinct means for securing the upper and lower components of the lighting system in place, is responsible for providing the streamlined profile of the candle light according to the invention. The connector is multi-functional in that it can also be configured for providing heat sink capabilities and/or for assisting with the transfer of heat from the LED to the shaft1060. As shown inFIG. 10B, a streamlined profile for the candle light is made possible by the configuration of the connector.

FIG. 11is a photo of a candle light1100according to the invention, which has the LED illuminated. As shown, light from the LED is passed through the lens and emitted through the glass bulb to provide a viewing angle of about 300 degrees.

FIG. 12is a photo of another embodiment of the lighting systems of the invention. As shown, the candle light system comprises a plurality of candle lights1200, each having a globe1210(which can be a globe, a bulb, or lens or any combination thereof), an LED light source1230which provides light to the globe1210during use (LED itself is not visible), a connector1240, and LED heat sink1260. The candle lights1200are each disposed on the end of a flexible and positionable support. Means for delivering electrical energy from a power source to the LEDs, such as insulated wire leads, can be disposed within the flexible supports. Preferably, the wire leads terminate in a socket portion of the candle lights1200. Plugged into the socket portion is the heat sink1260module, which can comprise a heat sink for dissipating heat from the lighting system, the drive mechanism for powering the LED, and a PCB board on which one or more LED is mounted in operable communication with the remaining components. In this embodiment, the specific configuration of the globe, bulb, and lens is not critical, however, the embodiments of such as disclosed in this specification can be used.

FIGS. 13A-Care schematic diagrams showing respectively a front elevation view, a side cross-sectional view, and a rear elevation view of a candle light embodiment according to the invention.FIGS. 13D-Eare schematic drawings providing a top planar view and a bottom planar view of the embodiment shown inFIGS. 13A-C. This is a low voltage candle light. As shown inFIGS. 13A and 13C, a candle light assembly is provided which comprises a bulb, a bulb connector, an intermediate housing, and a shaft or heat sink as the exterior components of the lighting system. As illustrated in the cross-sectional view,FIG. 13B, it can be seen how these exterior components house or contain and operate together with the interior components of the lighting system to provide a lighting system according to the invention. More particularly, the lens can be housed completely within the bulb and fixed in place by securing the bulb and/or bulb connector to the lighting system. Optionally, embodiments may comprise no bulb. A means for connection of the bulb into the lighting system can be by way of threading on the bulb which can interact with corresponding threading of the connector/intermediate housing. A bulb connector (as shown) can be included which is fixed to the bulb and provides the threading means for connecting the bulb to the connector/intermediate housing. An LED is disposed below the lens and the lens is operably configured around the LED so as to allow for the passage of light from the LED into the lens and out of the lens at a desired viewing angle. In embodiments, the lens may or may not come into direct contact with the LED. The LED is disposed on and operably connected to a printed circuit board (PCB) and the PCB is in contact with connector/intermediate housing. In preferred embodiments, the LED is disposed on a planar PCB and the PCB is disposed on a planar surface of the connector/intermediate housing.

Located within the connector/intermediate housing is a converter for converting from a higher power supply to a lower voltage, such as converting down to 110 volts. The converter is operably connected to the PCB and the lamp cap base. Connector/intermediate housing comprises means for joining the connector/intermediate housing with the bulb or bulb connector, for joining the intermediate housing with the lamp cap, and for joining the intermediate housing with the shaft/heat sink. Thus, the intermediate housing, with three separate and distinct means for securing the upper and lower components of the lighting system in place, is responsible for providing the streamlined profile of the candle light according to the invention. The connector is multi-functional in that it functions as a connector for securing the lighting system as a whole together as well as provides a housing for the converter, when present. In embodiments, the connector/intermediate housing can also be configured for providing heat sink capabilities and/or for assisting with the transfer of heat from the LED to the shaft.

FIGS. 14A-Bare schematic diagrams showing respectively cross-sectional views of the candle light and the candle light shaft or heat sink when they are detached. As shown inFIG. 14B, the shaft or heat sink can be connected to the lighting system to cover the lamp cap using threading disposed on the interior surface of the heat sink shaft. This threading is operably configured to correspond with and be secured to cooperative threading disposed on the exterior surface of the connector/intermediate housing. The shaft and intermediate housing may also be held together using friction, adhesive, notching, or any other suitable method of securing, although threading is preferred for quick release of the components.

FIG. 15is a schematic diagram providing an exploded view of a disassembled candle light embodiment of the invention. In this embodiment, the bulb is translucent, made of glass, and is shaped like a candle flame. The bulb in all embodiments described in this specification is optional. Housed within the bulb is the lens. In this embodiment, the bulb or bulb connector comprises structure for stabilizing the lens within the bulb in a desired position and for preventing the lens from coming dislodged once the system is assembled. The bulb can further comprise a threaded opening around the exterior circumference of its base for securing the bulb to the bulb connector which has a corresponding threaded interior circumference. Alternatively, the bulb can be fixed to the bulb connector using an adhesive. The bulb connector in this embodiment is metal but can be made of a variety of materials, including plastic or glass. The lens is disposed over and/or around the LED in a manner to provide the desired light viewing angle. The lens rests within and is secured within the lighting system by the bulb connector and/or the base of the bulb, for example by a rim incorporated into the bulb connector which interacts with a planar surface of the base of the lens to retain the lens in place. The LED is disposed on and operably connected with a PCB. The PCB is also operably connected to the converter for providing power to the LED. The LED, PCB, and converter are all housed and kept in place within the intermediate housing, with the LED at or near the top of the opening of the intermediate housing and in some cases extending into the bulb.

The intermediate housing comprises threading on each end, by which it may be secured to the bulb or bulb connector at one end and to the lamp cap at the opposing end. The lamp cap in this embodiment is of the E126 type, however, any type of lamp cap can be used for a desired application. The lamp cap is operably configured for electrical connection with the converter and a power source for providing a source of electricity to the converter and other LED drive circuitry for powering the LED. In this embodiment, the lamp cap comprises a lamp camp connector and a base, where the lamp cap connector secures to the base of the intermediate housing and is connected to the lamp cap base. Once assembled, the lamp cap is disposed entirely within the shaft or heat sink. The shaft or heat sink can provide heat sink capabilities for the system in order draw heat away from the candle.

FIGS. 16A-Care schematic diagrams showing cross-sectional views respectively of a front, side, and rear elevation view of a candle light embodiment of the invention.FIGS. 16D-Eare schematic diagrams respectively of a top and bottom planar view of the candle light ofFIGS. 16A-C. This is a low voltage candle light. As shown inFIGS. 16A-C, there is no bulb in this embodiment and the lens is exposed. Additionally, there is no shaft/heat sink. The lens is secured to the candle light by a lens connector (also referred to as the bulb connector inFIG. 15, but here there is no bulb), which secures a portion of the base of the lens within the lighting system when the connector is secured to the intermediate housing. One way of accomplishing securing of the lens within the system is to have the connector configured with a lip around its upper circumference. When the connector is secured to the intermediate housing, the base of the lens is prevented from being removed from the lens connector by engaging with the rim of the lens connector. The LED is disposed below the lens and the lens is disposed around the LED so as to allow for the passage of light from the LED into the lens at a desired angle. The LED is disposed on and operably connected to the PCB and the PCB is in contact with the connector/intermediate housing. Located within the connector/intermediate housing is the converter which is operably connected to the PCB and the lamp cap. Connector/intermediate housing comprises means for joining the connector/intermediate housing with the lens connector, and for joining the intermediate housing with the lamp cap. Thus, the intermediate housing, with distinct means for securing the upper and lower components of the lighting system in place, is responsible for providing the streamlined profile of the candle light according to the invention. In embodiments, the intermediate housing is multi-functional in that it can also be configured for providing heat sink capabilities and/or for assisting with the transfer of heat from the LED and away from the lighting system. It is noted that in this embodiment there is no additional shaft/heat sink for housing the lower portions of the lighting system such as the lamp cap. In all embodiments of the invention such an additional shaft/heat sink is an optional component.

FIG. 17is a schematic diagram of the disassembled candle light embodiment shown inFIGS. 16A-E. In this embodiment, the lens is exposed and is secured in place with the lens connector (the lens connector and bulb connector are one in the same, but this component is referred to as the lens connector here because there is no bulb present). The lens is disposed over or around the LED in a manner to provide the desired light viewing angle. The lens rests within the connector such that the connector, which is threaded, can be joined with the intermediate housing and provide securing means for retaining the lens in place, such as a lip that engages with the planar base of the lens. The LED is disposed on and operably connected with the PCB. The PCB is operably connected with the converter to provide power to the LED. The LED, PCB, and converter are all housed and kept in place within the intermediate housing. The intermediate housing comprises threading on each end, one so that it may secure to the bulb connector and the other end to the lamp cap. The lamp cap comprises a lamp camp connector and a lamp cap base. The lamp cap connector at one end secures to the lower portion of the intermediate housing and at the other end it is connected to the lamp cap base. The lamp cap base provides an E126 type connection in this embodiment. A heat sink encompassing the lamp cap base is optional and in this embodiment is omitted.

In summary, the low voltage candelabra based lighting system can be configured as outlined in the two embodiments provided inFIGS. 13-17by having a bulb and candle like shaft base, or no bulb and no candle like shaft base, or no bulb with a candle like shaft base, or with a bulb and no candle like base. Lighting systems of the invention can comprise a plurality of lights within the system as shown inFIG. 12and can comprise any type or any combination of types of lights described in this specification. For example, a lighting system may have a plurality of lights comprising no bulb and no candle like shaft alone or in combination with a plurality of lights comprising a bulb and a candle like shaft. Likewise, a lighting system of the invention could comprise a plurality of lights comprising no bulb but having a candle like shaft alone or in combination with a plurality of lights comprising a bulb but no candle like shaft.

FIGS. 18A-Eare schematic diagrams showing respectively a front elevation view, a side cross-sectional view, and a rear elevation view of a light embodiment according to the invention.FIGS. 18D-Eare schematic drawings providing a top planar view and a bottom planar view of the embodiment shown inFIGS. 18A-C, which resemble a traditional lightbulb. This is a low voltage candle light. As shown inFIG. 18A, a light assembly is provided which comprises a bulb, a bulb or lens connector, an intermediate housing, and a shaft or heat sink as the external components of the bulb. The cross-sectional view,FIG. 18Bshows how the external and internal components operate together to provide a lighting system.

FIG. 19is a schematic diagram of a disassembled bulb as shown inFIGS. 18A-E. In this embodiment, the bulb is made of glass, is optionally translucent, and is shaped like a traditional bulb. Housed within the bulb is the lens. In this embodiment, the lighting system comprises structure for stabilizing the lens within the bulb in a desired position and for preventing the lens from coming dislodged once the system is assembled, which structure as shown is a bulb/lens connector. The bulb can comprise a threaded opening around the interior or exterior circumference of its base for securing the bulb to corresponding threading of the bulb/lens connector, or the bulb and bulb/lens connector can be fused together with adhesive or by other means. The bulb/lens connector in this embodiment is metal but can be made of a variety of materials. The bulb/lens connector provides means for retaining the lens in the lighting system by retaining the base of the lens while securing to the intermediate housing or to the shaft/heat sink if present. The lens is disposed over or around the LED in a manner to provide the desired light viewing angle and emerges from an opening in the bulb/lens connector to emit light from the LED into the bulb. The LED is disposed on and operably connected with the PCB. The PCB is also operably connected to the converter for providing electrical power to the LED. The LED, PCB, and converter are all housed and kept in place within the intermediate housing. The intermediate housing comprises threading on each end, one end so that it may secure to the bulb/lens connector and the other end to the lamp cap. In embodiments where the bulb/lens connector is secured to the shaft, the intermediate housing may connect with the interior surface of the shaft/heat sink, usually by way of cooperating threads on the external surface of the intermediate housing and the interior surface of the shaft/heat sink. In such embodiments, once assembled, the intermediate housing, including the LED, PCB and converter, and the lamp cap are all disposed entirely within the shaft or heat sink. The bulb/lens connector comprises threading on its interior surface to cooperate with and secure to threading disposed on the interior surface of the shaft. The shaft/heat sink can provide heat sink capabilities for the system in order draw heat away from the light assembly. As with all embodiments of the invention, the heat sink/shaft is optional.

FIGS. 20A-Care schematic diagrams showing a front, side, and rear elevation view of an embodiment of a light according to the invention.FIGS. 20D-Eare respectively schematic diagrams showing top and bottom planar views of the light ofFIGS. 20A-C. This is a low voltage embodiment of the invention.FIG. 20Ashows how the components operate together to provide a lighting system. In this particular embodiment, the lens is exposed and is fixed in place by the bulb/lens securing means. The lens securing means connects to the intermediate housing. The intermediate housing and lens securing means together house the LED, PCB and converter for the lighting assembly. The connector/intermediate housing comprises means for joining the connector/intermediate housing with the bulb connector/lens securing means, and for joining the connector with the lamp cap/light assembly base. In this embodiment the components are joined by way of cooperating threading on each of the components, however, alternative means for securing the components together can be used, such as by using an adhesive. It is noted that a heat sink at the base of the light is an optional component as is the bulb and in this embodiment there is neither.

FIG. 21is a schematic diagram of a disassembled light of the embodiment as illustrated inFIGS. 21A-E. In this embodiment, the upwardly projecting portion of the lens is disposed in an opening of the bulb/lens connector and a base of the lens is retained in place by securing the bulb/lens connector to the remaining portions of the light. The base of the lens is disposed over or around the LED in a manner to provide the desired light viewing angle. During operation, light from the LED passes upwardly through the lens and is emitted outwardly from the lighting system at the desired viewing angle provided by the lens. The LED is disposed on and operably connected to the PCB. The PCB is also operably connected to the converter. The LED, base of the lens, PCB, and converter are all housed and kept in place within the intermediate housing and lens/bulb connector. The intermediate housing comprises threading on each end, one so that it may secure to the bulb/lens connector and the other end to the lamp cap, which in this embodiment is an E126 type lamp cap. The lamp cap is operably configured for joining with a socket, which provides for electrical connection of the LED to a power source.

In summary, the low voltage E126 type based lighting system can be configured as outlined in the two embodiments provided inFIGS. 18-20by having a bulb and candle like shaft base, or no bulb and no candle like shaft base, or no bulb with a candle like shaft base, or with a bulb and no candle like base. Lighting systems of the invention can comprise a plurality of lights within the system as shown inFIG. 12and can comprise any type or any combination of types of lights described in this specification. For example, a lighting system may have a plurality of lights comprising no bulb and no candle like shaft alone or in combination with a plurality of lights comprising a bulb but no candle like shaft. Likewise, a lighting system of the invention could comprise a plurality of lights comprising no bulb but having a candle like shaft alone or in combination with a plurality of lights comprising a bulb and a candle like shaft.

FIGS. 22A-Care schematic diagrams showing respectively a front elevation view, a side cross-sectional view, and a rear elevation view of a high voltage candle light according to embodiments of the invention.FIGS. 22D-Eare schematic diagrams showing respectively a top planar view and bottom planar view of the lighting assembly embodiment ofFIGS. 22A-C. This is a high voltage option for the lighting assemblies of the invention, which use 110 V.

As shown inFIG. 22A, a candle light assembly is provided which comprises a bulb, a bulb/lens connector, an intermediate housing, and a shaft or heat sink as the external components of the lighting system. The cross-sectional view,FIG. 22B, shows how the internal components operate together with the external components to provide a lighting system. More particularly, the lens is housed within the bulb and is fixed in place by the bulb resting on the base of the lens or by a rim of the bulb/lens connector resting on the base of the lens. One or more LEDs are disposed below the lens and the lens is disposed around the LED so as to allow for the passage of light from the LED into the lens at a desired viewing angle. The LED is disposed on and operably connected to a PCB and both are housed within the connector/intermediate housing and bulb/lens connector. The lens can be retained in place by the bulb/lens connector which is connected with the upper portion of the intermediate housing. The lower portion of the intermediate housing is operably connected to the lamp cap by way of internal threading on the interior surface of the intermediate housing. The intermediate housing comprises means for joining with the bulb/lens connector, for joining with the lamp cap, and for joining with the shaft/heat sink. Thus, the connector/intermediate housing, with three separate and distinct means for securing the upper and lower components of the lighting system in place, is responsible for providing the streamlined profile of the candle light according to the invention. The connector/intermediate housing in embodiments can also be configured for providing heat sink capabilities and/or for assisting with the transfer of heat from the LED to the shaft.

FIGS. 23A-Bare schematic diagrams showing respectively cross-sectional views of a candle light and candle light shaft/heat sink when they are detached. As shown inFIG. 23B, the shaft/heat sink can be connected to the intermediate housing threading disposed on the internal surface of the shaft which cooperates with threading on the exterior surface of the intermediate housing. Alternatively, in this embodiment and any embodiment according to the invention, the shaft may also be joined to the intermediate housing by using friction, adhesive, notching, or any other suitable method of securing.

FIG. 24is a schematic diagram of a disassembled high voltage candle light. In this embodiment, the bulb is preferably translucent, made of glass, and is shaped like a candle flame. This is a high voltage candelabra type lighting system of the invention. Housed within the bulb is the lens. In this embodiment, the bulb and/or bulb/lens connector comprises structure for stabilizing the lens within the bulb in a desired position and for preventing the lens from coming dislodged once the system is assembled, such as a rim disposed on the lens connector or the bulb itself resting on the base of the lens and secured into the lighting system by the lens connector. The bulb can comprise a threaded opening around the circumference of its base for securing the bulb to the bulb/lens connector, or it can be joined to the bulb/lens connector using adhesive or other bonding techniques. The internal components of the lighting system can cooperate together and with the external components of the system in a similar manner as described above for the low voltage option provided inFIG. 15. In embodiments, one difference between the low and high voltage embodiments is that there is no need for a converter in the high voltage option, since the 110 voltage can be used directly by the lighting system and there is no need to convert the power to a lower voltage. Because there is no need for a converter, the overall size and length of the internal housing can be smaller in the high voltage embodiment as compared with the low voltage embodiment. This embodiment illustrates an example of a high voltage lighting assembly with a bulb but no candle type base.

FIGS. 25A-Care schematic diagrams showing front, side, and rear cross-sectional views of a high voltage candelabra type candle light of the invention.FIGS. 25D-Eare schematic diagrams illustrating a top and bottom planar view of the embodiment. This embodiment illustrates how the lighting assembly can be configured for high voltage, without a glass cover (bulb) and without a candle like base (shaft/heat sink).

FIGS. 25A-Cshow how the external components operate together to provide a lighting system and function in the same way as described for the low voltage embodiment provided inFIG. 16A-C.

Likewise,FIG. 26is a schematic diagram of a disassembled high voltage candle light of the invention without a bulb and without a shaft, candle like base. The internal components of the lighting system can cooperate together and with the external components of the system in a similar manner as described for the low voltage option provided inFIG. 17. In embodiments, one difference between the low and high voltage embodiments is that there is no need for a converter in the high voltage option, since the 110 voltage can be used directly by the lighting system and there is no need to convert the power to a lower voltage. Because there is no need for a converter, the overall size and length of the internal housing can be smaller in the high voltage embodiment as compared with the low voltage embodiment. This embodiment illustrates an example of a high voltage lighting assembly with a bulb but no candle type base.

In summary, the high voltage candelabra type based lighting system can be configured as outlined in the two embodiments provided inFIGS. 22-26by having a bulb and candle like shaft base, or no bulb and no candle like shaft base, or no bulb with a candle like shaft base, or with a bulb and no candle like base. Lighting systems of the invention can comprise a plurality of lights within the system as shown inFIG. 12and can comprise any type or any combination of types of lights described in this specification, whether high voltage, low voltage, or a combination. For example, a lighting system may have a plurality of lights comprising a bulb and candle alone or in combination with a plurality of lights comprising a bulb but no candle like shaft.

FIGS. 27A-Care schematic diagrams showing a front perspective view of a high voltage E126 type base light of the invention.FIGS. 27D-Eare schematic diagrams illustrating a top and bottom planar view of the embodiment shown inFIGS. 27A-C. This is a high voltage, E126 type option, without a glass cover (bulb) and without a candle like base (shaft).

FIG. 27Ashows how the external components of this embodiment operate together to provide another high voltage lighting system of the invention. In this particular embodiment, the upwardly extending portion of the lens is not encompassed by a bulb and is fixed in place by the bulb/lens connector/securing means. The lens securing means has threading on its internal surface and connects to threading disposed on an external surface of an upper portion of the intermediate housing. The lens/bulb connector can be configured to provide heat sink capabilities. As shown, ribs or fins can be disposed on the external surface of the lens/bulb connector to provide a greater surface area for heat to be dissipated from the lighting system. Examples of heat sink configurations and functionalities are provided in U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/545,160 filed Aug. 21, 2009 and Ser. No. 13/110,457 filed May 18, 2011, the disclosures of which are hereby incorporated by reference herein in their entireties. It is not critical how the heat sink functionality is incorporated into the lens/bulb connector, so long as heat is efficiently dissipated from the lighting system during use.

The intermediate housing houses the LED and PCB for the lighting assembly. The connector/intermediate housing comprises means for joining the connector/intermediate housing with the bulb connector/lens securing means, and for joining the connector with the lamp cap/light assembly base. As shown, cooperative threading on the components to be joined can be used as the means for joining or an adhesive can be used or both.

FIG. 28is a schematic diagram of a disassembled high voltage light embodiment of the invention, without a bulb and without a candle like base. In this embodiment, the lens extends upwardly and through a hole disposed in the lens/bulb connector to dissipate light at a desired viewing angle. The base of the lens is secured in place within the lighting system once the lens connector is joined with the intermediate housing. For example, and as shown, the lens can comprise a planar base which is retained by the lens connector when screwed onto the internal housing. The lighting system comprises one or more LEDs disposed and operably connected with a PCB. The lens is disposed over or around the LEDs in a manner to provide the desired light viewing angle. The lens can be in direct contact with the LEDs, however, in preferred embodiments there is a recess within the base of the lens for accommodating the LEDs such that there can be an air gap between the upper surface of the LEDs and the lower surface of the lens. This is preferred so that heat from the LEDs does not degrade the material of the lens. The intermediate housing comprises external threading on each end, one so that it may secure to the bulb/lens connector and the other end to the lamp cap. The lamp cap is operably configured for engaging with a socket of a lamp, which provides for electrical connection from a power source through the lamp cap to the LED.

FIGS. 29A-Care schematic diagrams showing a front elevation view, a side cross-sectional view, and a rear elevation view of a high voltage light according to the invention, which comprises and E126 type base, a bulb and no candle like shaft.FIGS. 29D-Eare respectively top and bottom planar views of the embodiment ofFIGS. 29A-C.

FIG. 29Ashows how the external components of the lighting assembly operate together to provide a high voltage lighting system with an E126 base. In this particular embodiment, the lens is housed within the bulb (which is optional) and is fixed in place by the bulb/lens connector/securing means. The bulb comprises structure for protecting and stabilizing the lens within the bulb in a desired position and/or the lens connector comprises such means. The bulb can be fixed to the lens connector in any manner including by cooperative threading on each component, or by adhesives. The lens connector also functions as a heat sink and comprises fins along its exterior surface. The lens connector is joined to an intermediate housing which together house the LED and PCB for the lighting assembly. The connector/intermediate housing comprises means for joining the connector/intermediate housing with the bulb/lens securing means, and for joining the intermediate housing with the lamp cap/light assembly base. Within the lamp cap can be electrical leads for connecting the lamp cap to the PCB for providing electrical power to the LEDs during use.

FIG. 30is a schematic diagram of a disassembled high voltage light, which is the embodiment also illustrated inFIGS. 29A-E. In this embodiment, there is a bulb and no candle like base/shaft. The internal components of the lighting system can cooperate together and with the external components of the system in a similar manner as described for the high voltage option provided inFIG. 28. One difference between the embodiments ofFIG. 28andFIG. 30is the inclusion of a bulb inFIG. 30. The bulb in any embodiment is optional as is the shaft that encompasses the lamp cap. In both the embodiments ofFIGS. 28 and 30, there is no housing for the lamp cap (shaft or heat sink that encompasses the lamp cap). It is within the skill of the art to add a shaft if desired for certain applications.

In summary, the lighting assemblies of the invention can comprise a low voltage candelabra type assembly or a low voltage E126 type assembly, or a high voltage candelabra type assembly or a high voltage E126 type assembly, each having a glass cover (bulb) and a candle like base (shaft), or each having no bulb and no candle type base, or each having no bulb but with a candle type base, or each having a bulb and no candle type base. Lighting systems according to the invention can comprise one or more of these types of assemblies in any combination.

Preferred characteristics for the candelabra candle light embodiments according to the invention can include one or more of a brightness (total light output) of about 160-240 lumens (lm), a color temperature of about 2700-3400K, a color-rendering index (CRI) of about 80 (based on a scale of 0-100), a total input power of about 4 watts, a power factor (<1) of about 0.6, and with dimmable capabilities. Preferred characteristics for the A-Lamp bulb (also referred to in this specification as an E126 type bulb) embodiments according to the invention can include a brightness of about 160-240 lumens (lm), a color temperature of about 2700-3400K, a CRI of about 80, a total input power of about 4 watts, a power factor (<1) of about 0.6, and with dimmable capabilities.

The light assemblies and candle light bulbs of the present invention are useful in many applications where electric lighting can be used. For example, the light assemblies and candle light bulbs according to the invention can be used in any residential or commercial application where such lighting is desired for decoration, backlighting or functional lighting, including for room lighting, such as in theatres, hospitals, airplanes, concert halls, stadiums, and auditoriums; elegant interior decoration, such as in restaurants, nightclubs, casinos, piers, malls, streets, stations, stages, offices and lobbies; homes, including as accent lighting in dining rooms, living rooms, functional and decorative lighting in entryways and recreational rooms; seasonal applications, such as for holiday decorations. The applications mentioned are merely representative of the numerous applications for which the light assemblies and candle light bulbs of the present invention may be applicable.

The present invention has been described with reference to particular embodiments having various features. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made in the practice of the present invention without departing from the scope or spirit of the invention. One skilled in the art will recognize that these features may be used singularly or in any combination based on the requirements and specifications of a given application or design. Other embodiments of the invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art from consideration of the specification and practice of the invention. It is intended that the specification and examples be considered as exemplary in nature and that variations that do not depart from the essence of the invention are intended to be within the scope of the invention.