Antenna device

The present disclosure provides an antenna device. The antenna device includes a dielectric element including a first region and a second region, a first antenna disposed on the first region, and a second antenna disposed on the second region. The first antenna and the second antenna are configured to operate in different frequencies. The first antenna and the second antenna are misaligned in directions perpendicular and parallel to a surface of the dielectric element on which the first antenna or the second antenna is disposed.

BACKGROUND

1. Technical Field

The present disclosure relates to an antenna device.

2. Description of the Related Art

Wireless communication systems may require multiple-band antennas for transmitting and receiving radio frequency (RF) at different frequency bands to support, e.g., higher data rates, increased functionality, and more users. Therefore, it is desirable for an antenna package (such as Antenna in Package (AiP)) to have multiple-band performance.

SUMMARY

In some embodiments, an antenna device includes a dielectric element including a first region and a second region, a first antenna disposed on the first region, and a second antenna disposed on the second region. The first antenna and the second antenna are configured to operate in different frequencies. The first antenna and the second antenna are misaligned in directions perpendicular and parallel to a surface of the dielectric element on which the first antenna or the second antenna is disposed.

In some embodiments, an antenna device includes a dielectric element including a first region and a second region. The dielectric element is configured to provide a first antenna gain with an antenna when the antenna is placed on the first region, and configured to provide a second antenna gain with the antenna when the antenna is placed on the second region. The first antenna gain is greater than the second antenna gain.

In some embodiments, an antenna device includes a dielectric element having a surface, a first antenna disposed over the dielectric element, and a second antenna disposed over the dielectric element and below the first antenna. The antenna and the second antenna are configured to operate in different frequencies. The first antenna is misaligned with the second antenna in an aspect perpendicular to the surface of the dielectric element.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

The following description involves an antenna device and a method of manufacturing an antenna device.

FIG.1illustrates a cross-sectional view of an antenna device1in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. In some embodiments, the antenna device1may include a dielectric element10, antennas21,22,23,24, an adhesive layer30, a substrate40, an electronic component50, an encapsulation layer51, and an electrical contact52.

The dielectric element10may include a surface101facing the substrate40, a surface (or upper surface)103opposite to the surface101, and a surface (or upper surface)105opposite to the surface101. The dielectric element10may also include a surface (or a lateral surface)102extended between the surface101and the surface103, a surface (or a lateral surface)104extended between the surface103and the surface105, and a surface (or a lateral surface)106extended between the surface105and the surface101.

In some embodiments, the surface101, the surface103, and the surface105may be substantially parallel. In some embodiments, the surface102, the surface104, and the surface106may be substantially parallel. In some embodiments, the surface102, the surface104, and the surface106may individually be substantially perpendicular to the surface101, the surface103, and the surface105. In some embodiments, the surface103, the surface104, and the surface105may define a ladder or step structure. In some embodiments, the surface103may protrude from the surface105. In some embodiments, the surface105may be recessed from the surface103. In some embodiments, the surface103and the surface105may have different elevations with respect to the surface101. For example, the surface103and the surface105may be at different elevations with respect to the surface101. For example, the surface103and the surface105may be at different distances from the surface101. For example, the shortest distance between the surface103and the surface101may be different from the shortest distance between the surface105and the surface101.

The dielectric element10may include a region11and a region12connected with the region11. In some embodiments, the region11and the region12may include regions having different thicknesses. The thicknesses of the regions may include the distances (e.g., the shortest distances) between the surface101and a surface opposite to the surface101. For example, a thickness t1of the region11may be different from a thickness t2of the region12. For example, the thickness t1of the region11may be greater than the thickness t2of the region12. In some embodiments, the dielectric element10may include more than two regions having different thicknesses. In some embodiments, the surface103may be aligned with the region11and the surface105may be aligned with the region12.

In some embodiments, the surface103may be at the region11and the thickness t1may be the distance (e.g., the shortest distance) between the surface101and the surface103. In some embodiments, the surface105may be at the region12and the thickness t2may be the distance (e.g., the shortest distance) between the surface101and the surface105.

In some embodiments, the surface104of the dielectric element10may be configured to separate the region11from the region12. For example, the region11is on one side of an extension line (or an imaginary extension line) of the surface104of the dielectric element10, and the region12is on another side thereof. For example, an extension line (or an imaginary extension line) of the surface104is configured to divide the dielectric element10into the region11and the region12.

In some embodiments, the dielectric element10may include pre-impregnated composite fibers (e.g., pre-preg), Borophosphosilicate Glass (BPSG), silicon oxide, silicon nitride, silicon oxynitride, Undoped Silicate Glass (USG), any combination of two or more thereof, or the like. In some embodiments, the dielectric element10may include a dielectric ceramic such as Al2O3, Mg2SiO4, MgAl2O4, CoAl2O4, or other feasible dielectric ceramics. In some embodiments, the dielectric element10may include thermoset plastic, which may include liquid-based organic material, and can be thermally and/or optically cured to provide adhesion ability. In some embodiments, the dielectric element10may include low dielectric constant (Dk) and low dissipation factor (Df) materials, such as liquid crystal polymers (LCPs). For example, the dielectric element10may require relatively low Dk and relatively low Df to obtain desired antenna gain and thinner thickness.

In some embodiments, the dielectric element10may include a single dielectric layer. For example, the dielectric element10may have a monolithic structure. For example, the region11and the region12may have a monolithic structure. For example, the dielectric element10may be integratedly formed. For example, the dielectric element10may be formed in one piece. However, in some other embodiments, the dielectric element10may include multiple dielectric layers as shown inFIGS.3and4.

In some embodiments, the dielectric element10may include a supporting element configured to structurally support the antennas21,22,23, and24. For example, the antenna21may be disposed adjacent to the surface103, the antenna22may be disposed adjacent to the surface105, and the antennas (or coupling elements)23and24may be disposed adjacent to the surface101. The antenna21may be in contact with the surface103, the antenna22may be in contact with the surface105, and the antennas23and24may be in contact with the surface101. In some embodiments, the antennas23and24may be partially embedded in the dielectric element10. In some embodiments, the antennas23and24may be or be a part of a conductive layer disposed adjacent to the surface101.

In some embodiments, the antenna21may protrude from the surface103and the antenna22may protrude from the surface105. However, in some other embodiments, the antenna21may be substantially coplanar with the surface103and the antenna22may be substantially coplanar with the surface105as shown inFIG.2.

The antenna21and the antenna23may be disposed on the region11of the dielectric element10. The antenna21and the antenna23may be physically separated by the dielectric element10. The antenna21may be disposed above the antenna23. In some embodiments, the antenna21and the antenna23may be at least partially overlapping in a direction (e.g., the y axis) perpendicular to the surface101of the dielectric element10. In some embodiments, the antenna23may include a coupling element. In some embodiments, the antenna23may couple to the antenna21. In some embodiments, the antenna23may be configured to couple or transmit a signal into the antenna21. In some embodiments, the electromagnetic waves radiated or transmitted by the antenna21may be reflected by the antenna23. In some embodiments, the antenna23may be configured to be ground for reflection for the electromagnetic waves radiated by the antenna21.

The antenna22and the antenna24may be disposed on the region12of the dielectric element10. The antenna22and the antenna24may be physically separated by the dielectric element10. The antenna22may be disposed above the antenna24. In some embodiments, the antenna22and the antenna24may be at least partially overlapping in a direction (e.g., the y axis) perpendicular to the surface101of the dielectric element10. In some embodiments, the antenna24may include a coupling element. In some embodiments, the antenna24may couple to the antenna22. In some embodiments, the antenna24may be configured to couple or transmit a signal into the antenna22. In some embodiments, the electromagnetic waves radiated or transmitted by the antenna22may be reflected by the antenna24. In some embodiments, the antenna24may be configured to be ground for reflection for the electromagnetic waves radiated by the antenna22.

The antenna21and the antenna22may have different elevations with respect to the surface101of the dielectric element10. In some embodiments, the distance between the antenna21and the antenna23may be different from the distance between the antenna22and the antenna24. In some embodiments, the antenna21and the antenna22may be non-overlapping in a direction (e.g., the y axis) perpendicular to the surface101of the dielectric element10. In some embodiments, the antenna21and the antenna22may be non-overlapping in a direction (e.g., the x axis) parallel to the surface101of the dielectric element10.

In some embodiments, the antenna21and the antenna22may be misaligned in a direction (e.g., the x axis) parallel to the surface101of the dielectric element10. For example, the antenna21may be spaced apart from the antenna22in the direction of x axis. In some embodiments, the antenna21and the antenna22may be misaligned in a direction or an aspect (e.g., the y axis) perpendicular to the surface101of the dielectric element10. For example, the antenna21may be spaced apart from the antenna22in the direction of the y axis.

In some embodiments, an extension line (or an imaginary extension line) of the surface104of the dielectric element10may be spaced apart from the antenna21and the antenna22. For example, an extension line (or an imaginary extension line) of the surface104of the dielectric element10may not intersect with the antenna21and the antenna22. For example, an extension line (or an imaginary extension line) of the surface104of the dielectric element10may not pass through the antenna21and the antenna22.

In some embodiments, the antennas21,22,23, and24may each include a patch antenna, such as a planar inverted-F antenna (PIFA) or other feasible kinds of antennas. In some embodiments, the antennas21,22,23, and24may each include a conductive material such as a metal or metal alloy. Examples of the conductive material include gold (Au), silver (Ag), aluminum (Al), copper (Cu), platinum (Pt), Palladium (Pd), other metal(s) or alloy(s), or a combination of two or more thereof.

In some embodiments, the antenna21and the antenna22may have different frequencies (or operating frequencies) or bandwidths (or operating bandwidths). For example, the antenna21and the antenna22may be configured to radiate electromagnetic waves having different frequencies or different wavelengths. For example, the antenna21may have an operating frequency higher than an operating frequency of the antenna22, or vice versa. For example, the antenna21may be operated in a frequency of about 39 GHz and the antenna22may be operated in a frequency of about 28 GHz, or vice versa. For example, the antenna21may be configured to radiate or receive electromagnetic waves with a frequency of about 39 GHz and the antenna22may be configured to radiate or receive electromagnetic waves with a frequency of about 28 GHz, or vice versa. By incorporating the antennas having different operating frequencies, the antenna device1may achieve multi-band (or multi-frequency) radiation. In some embodiments, the electromagnetic waves radiated by the antenna21may interfere (such as in a far field) with the electromagnetic waves radiated by the antenna22, and the radiation directivity and/or the power thereof may be increased.

In some embodiments, the antenna21may have an operating frequency lower than an operating frequency of the antenna22. By disposed the antenna21at an elevation higher than the antenna22, the antenna gain of the antenna21can be enhanced. However, in some other embodiments, the antenna21may be disposed at an elevation lower than the antenna22. For example, the dielectric material below the antenna21and the dielectric material below the antenna21may be adjusted to obtain desired antenna gain and thinner thickness.

According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the antenna21and the antenna22designed at different frequencies are disposed on different regions of the antenna device1with different thicknesses. The different thicknesses are individually configured to meet different requirements of the antenna21and the antenna22. For example, by proper adjustment of the distance between the antenna21and the antenna23(and the distance between the antenna22and the antenna24), the signal transmission loss of the antenna device1caused by reflections can be mitigated and the gain of the antenna device1can be increased.

The patterns or sequences of the antennas may be different from the above descriptions, and the illustrations and the patterns or sequences of the antennas may not be limited thereto. In some embodiments, antennas of more than two different frequencies or bandwidths may be incorporated in the antenna device1.

In some embodiments, the dielectric element10may further include at least one reinforced layer10rconfigured to increase the robustness of the dielectric element10. In some embodiments, the reinforced layer10rmay be at the region11. In some other embodiments, the reinforced layer10rmay be at the region12. In some embodiments, the reinforced layer10rmay not overlap the antennas21,22,23, and24.

In some embodiments, the dielectric element10may further include at least one grounding structure (not illustrated in the figures). In some embodiments, the grounding structure may include a grounding portion adjacent to the surface101of the dielectric element10and may be electrically connected to a ground potential through the substrate40. In some embodiments, the grounding structure may be electrically isolated from a feeding portion of the antennas21,22,23, and24. For example, the grounding structure may be or include the conductive pad10a, and/or the conductive pad40a. For example, the grounding structure may be a portion of the conductive pad10a, and/or the conductive pad40a. In some other embodiments where the dielectric element10has multiple dielectric layers, the grounding layer in the dielectric element10may be disposed on, adjacent to, or embedded in any one of the dielectric layers thereof.

In some embodiments, the surface101of the dielectric element10may be connected to the substrate40through the adhesive layer30. In some embodiments, the adhesive layer30may be in contact with the surface101of the dielectric element10. In some embodiments, the adhesive layer30may be in contact with the substrate40. In some embodiments, the adhesive layer30may define a cavity or a recessed portion30cexposing a conductive pad40aof the substrate40. In some embodiments, the cavity30cdefined by the adhesive layer30may include, but is not limited to, a sidewall inclined with respect to the substrate40and the dielectric element10. For example, the cavity30cmay include a bowl-shaped profile with a larger aperture facing the dielectric element10. For example, the cavity30cmay include a bowl-shaped profile with a smaller aperture facing the substrate40.

In some embodiments, the adhesive layer30may include thermoset tape, which can be thermally and/or optically cured to provide adhesion ability. By way of example, the material of the adhesive layer30may be a thermoset gel including a monomer such as a resin monomer, hardener, catalyst, solvent, diluent, fillers and other additives. The gel can be thermally or optically cured to form a polymer material. The adhesive layer30may be softer than the substrate40.

In some embodiments, a conductive layer31may be disposed in the cavity30c. In some embodiments, the conductive layer31may be disposed between the conductive pad40aof the substrate40and the antenna23to connect the conductive pad40aand the antenna23. In some embodiments, the conductive layer31may be disposed between the conductive pad40aof the substrate40and the antenna24to connect the conductive pad40aand the antenna24. In some embodiments, the conductive layer31may be disposed between the conductive pad40aof the substrate40and a conductive pad10aof the dielectric element10to connect the conductive pad40aand the conductive pad10a. In some embodiments, the conductive pad40aelectrically connected with the antenna23or the antenna24may include a feeding portion.

In some embodiments, the material of the conductive layer31may include solder material such as tin (Sn), lead (Pb), silver (Ag), copper (Cu) or an alloy thereof. In some other embodiments, the material of the conductive layer31may include metal such as copper, silver or other suitable conductive material.

In some embodiments, the bowl-shaped profile of the cavity30cmay help to guide the antennas23and24and the conductive pad10aof the dielectric element10being inserted into the cavity30c, such that the antennas23and24and the conductive pad10acan be accurately connected to the conductive layer31and the conductive pad40a.

In some other embodiments, the adhesive layer30may be omitted and the dielectric element10may be in contact with the substrate40as shown inFIG.5.

In some embodiments, the substrate40may include a package substrate such as a core substrate including a core layer41, one or more dielectric layers42, and one or more circuit layers43stacked onto one another. The circuit layers43may be disposed on, adjacent to, or embedded in the dielectric layers42. The circuit layers43may be exposed by the dielectric layers42. The material of each of the dielectric layers42may individually include organic dielectric material such as epoxy-based material (e.g., FR4), resin-based material (e.g., Bismaleimide-Triazine (BT)), Polypropylene (PP)), molding compound or other suitable materials. The dielectric layers42may include transparent material, semi-transparent material or opaque material. The circuit layers43may be configured as a redistribution layer (RDL). In some embodiments, the circuit layers43may be electrically connected through conductive vias44. The material of each of the circuit layers43and the conductive vias44may individually include metal such as copper or other suitable conductive material. In some other embodiments, the substrate40may include a core-less substrate, and the core layer41can be omitted. The substrate40may include at least one conductive pad40adisposed on a surface thereof. In some embodiments, a passivation layer (not shown in the figures) may partially cover the conductive pad40a. In some embodiments, the conductive pad40amay be at least partially exposed from the passivation layer.

In some embodiments, the substrate40may be configured as a communication substrate such as a radio frequency (RF) substrate, and the dielectric element10may be configured as an antenna substrate. The substrate40and the dielectric element10may be heterogeneous substrates including heterogeneous materials. The dielectric layers42of the substrate40and the dielectric element10may include heterogeneous materials with different characteristics. The characteristics of the substrate40and the dielectric element10may be individually configured to meet different requirements of the electronic component50and the antennas21,22,23, and24. For example, the Dk of the substrate40may be relatively higher such that the electrical requirement for the electronic component50can be met, while the Dk of the dielectric element10may be controlled to be relatively lower such that the thickness of the dielectric element10can be reduced, the signal transmission loss of the antenna device1can be mitigated, and the gain of the antenna device1can be increased.

In some embodiments, the electronic component50and the dielectric element10may be disposed on opposite sides of the substrate40. The electronic component50may be a chip or a die including a semiconductor substrate, one or more integrated circuit devices and one or more overlying interconnection structures therein. The integrated circuit devices may include active devices such as transistors and/or passive devices such as resistors, capacitors, inductors, or a combination thereof. In some embodiments, the electronic component50may include a transmitter, a receiver, or a transceiver. In some embodiments, the electronic component50may include a radio frequency IC (RFIC). In some embodiments, there may be any number of electronic components depending on design requirements. The electronic component50may be electrically connected to one or more of other electrical components and to the substrate40, and the electrical connections may be attained by way of flip-chip or wire-bond techniques. The electronic component50may be electrically connected to the antennas21,22,23, and/or24. In some embodiments, the signal transmission path may be attained by a feeding line in the substrate40. In some embodiments, the feeding line may include, but is not limited to, a metal pillar, a bonding wire or stacked vias.

In some embodiments, the encapsulation layer51may include a molding compound layer. In some embodiments, the encapsulation layer51may be disposed on the substrate40to encapsulate the electronic component50. The encapsulation layer51may surround edges of the electronic component50, and may further cover an active surface and/or an inactive surface of the electronic component50.

In some embodiments, the electrical contact52may be disposed on a surface of the substrate40and can provide electrical connections between the antenna device1and external components (e.g., external circuits or circuit boards). In some embodiments, the electrical contact52may include a connector. In some embodiments, the electrical contact52may include a solder ball, such as a controlled collapse chip connection (C4) bump, a ball grid array (BGA) or a land grid array (LGA).

FIG.2illustrates a cross-sectional view of an antenna device2in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. The antenna device2ofFIG.2is similar to the antenna device1inFIG.1except that the antenna21and the antenna22are at least partially embedded in the dielectric element10.

In some embodiments, the antenna21may be substantially coplanar with the surface103of the dielectric element10. In some embodiments, the antenna21may be at least partially exposed from the surface103of the dielectric element10. In some embodiments, the antenna22may be substantially coplanar with the surface105of the dielectric element10. In some embodiments, the antenna22may be at least partially exposed from the surface105of the dielectric element10.

In some embodiments, a conductive layer (not illustrated inFIG.2) may be electrically connected between the antenna21and the antenna22. In some embodiments, the conductive layer may be configured to improve the antenna performance of the antenna device2. In some embodiments, the conductive layer may be formed on the dielectric element10through sputtering, electroplating, or electroless plating. In some embodiments, the conductive layer may protrude from the surface103, the surface104, and the surface105.

FIG.3illustrates a cross-sectional view of an antenna device3in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. The antenna device3ofFIG.3is similar to the antenna device1inFIG.1except that the dielectric element10of the antenna device3includes multiple dielectric layers (such as the dielectric layers10′ and10″). In some embodiments, the number of dielectric layers at the region11may be greater than the number of dielectric layers at the region12. In some embodiments, there may be any number of dielectric layers at the region11and the region12depending on design requirements.

In some embodiments, the dielectric layers of the dielectric element10of the antenna device3may include materials with different characteristics. For example, each dielectric layer may have different materials and different characteristics from one another. In some embodiments, the dimensions, the compositions, the particle sizes, and/or the sintering temperatures of the dielectric layers at the region11may be adjusted to improve the antenna performance of the antenna21. Similarly, in some embodiments, the dimensions, the compositions, the particle sizes, and/or the sintering temperatures of the dielectric layers at the region12may be adjusted to improve the antenna performance of the antenna22.

FIG.4illustrates a cross-sectional view of an antenna device4in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. The antenna device4ofFIG.4is similar to the antenna device3inFIG.3except that the dielectric element10of the antenna device4includes more dielectric layers (such as the dielectric layers10′,10″ and10′″). The dielectric element10of the antenna device4further includes conductive structures (such as conductive vias10vand conductive pads10a) connected with the antennas23and24.

In some embodiments, the conductive pads10amay include feeding portions. The antenna23may be electrically connected with the conductive pad10athrough the conductive vias10v. The antenna23and the conductive pad10amay be on different dielectric layers in the dielectric element10of the antenna device4. The antenna23may be spaced apart from the conductive layer31in the cavity30c. Similarly, the antenna24may be electrically connected with the conductive pad10athrough the conductive vias10v. The antenna24and the conductive pad10amay be on different dielectric layers in the dielectric element10of the antenna device4. The antenna24may be spaced apart from the conductive layer31in the cavity30c.

FIG.5illustrates a cross-sectional view of an antenna device5in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. The antenna device5ofFIG.5is similar to the antenna device1inFIG.1except that the antenna device5does not include the adhesive layer30in antenna device1.

In some embodiments, the dielectric element10may directly contact the substrate40. In some embodiments, the conductive pad10aof the dielectric element10may be at least partially embedded in the dielectric element10. In some embodiments, the antenna23and the antenna24may be at least partially embedded in the dielectric element10. In some embodiments, the antenna23and the antenna24may be at least partially exposed from the dielectric element10to be electrically connected with the circuit layers43and the conductive vias44in the substrate40.

FIG.6illustrates a cross-sectional view of an antenna device6in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. The antenna device6ofFIG.6is similar to the antenna device1inFIG.1except that the surface104of the dielectric element10of the antenna device6is non-perpendicular with respect to the surfaces103and105. For example, the surface104may be inclined with respect to the surfaces103and105.

In some embodiments, the antenna device6may further include a conductive layer60disposed on the surface104. In some embodiments, the non-perpendicular surface104may facilitate the sputtering, electroplating, or electroless plating for the conductive layer60. In some embodiments, the conductive layer60may electrically connect the antenna21with the antenna22. In some embodiments, the conductive layer60may be configured to collect or conduct the electromagnetic waves of the antenna21and the antenna22.

In some embodiments, the conductive layer60may be configured to reflect a portion of the electromagnetic waves transmitted by the antenna22. Therefore, the radiation directivity and/or the power thereof may be increased.

FIG.7illustrates a cross-sectional view of an antenna device7in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. The antenna device7ofFIG.7is similar to the antenna device6inFIG.6except that the antenna device7further includes a conductive via70within the dielectric element10and electrically connects the conductive layer60with the substrate40.

In some embodiments, the conductive via70may penetrate through the dielectric element10. In some embodiments, the conductive via70may extend between the surface104and the surface101. In some embodiments, the conductive via70may taper toward the surface101. In some other embodiments, the conductive via70may taper toward the surface104.

In some embodiments, the conductive via70may be in contact with the conductive layer60. In some embodiments, the conductive via70may be in contact with the conductive pad10aof the dielectric element10. In some embodiments, the conductive pad10acontacting the conductive via70may include a feeding portion. In some embodiments, the conductive via70may include a feeding line. In some embodiments, the conductive via70may be electrically connected with the circuit layers43and the conductive vias44in the substrate40.

In some embodiments, the grounding layer in the dielectric element10may be electrically insulated from the conductive via70. In some embodiments, the grounding layer in the dielectric element10may surround the conductive via70. In some embodiments, as stated above, the grounding layer in the dielectric element10may be adjacent to the surface101of the dielectric element10. In some other embodiments where the dielectric element10has multiple dielectric layers, the grounding layer in the dielectric element10may be disposed on, adjacent to, or embedded in any one of the dielectric layers.

FIG.8illustrates a cross-sectional view of an antenna device8in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. The antenna device8ofFIG.8is similar to the antenna device7inFIG.7except that the antenna device8does not include the adhesive layer30of antenna device7.

FIG.9illustrates a cross-sectional view of an antenna device9in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. The antenna device9ofFIG.9is similar to the antenna device8inFIG.8except that the conductive via70is electrically connected with the antenna21and the antenna23. In some embodiments, the conductive via70may extend between the surface103and the surface101.

In some other embodiments, the conductive via70may be electrically connected with the antennas22and24. In some other embodiments, the conductive via70may extend between the surface105and the surface101.

FIG.10illustrates a top view of an antenna device in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. In some embodiments,FIG.10illustrates a top view of the antenna device6ofFIG.6, the antenna device7ofFIG.7, the antenna device8ofFIG.8, and the antenna device9ofFIG.9.

In some embodiments, the conductive layer60at the surface104may electrically connect the antenna21at the surface103with the antenna22at the surface105. In some embodiments, the relative dimensions of the conductive layer60, the antenna21, the antenna22, and the dielectric element10are for illustrative purposes only. The present invention is not limited thereto.

FIGS.11A,11B, and11Cillustrate stages of a method of manufacturing an antenna device in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. In some embodiments, the antenna device1inFIG.1may be manufactured by the operations described below with respect to theFIGS.11A,11B, and11C.

Referring toFIG.11A, the dielectric element10may be provided. In some embodiments, the dielectric element10may be integratedly formed such that the region11and the region12may have a monolithic structure. In some embodiments, the dielectric element10may be formed by a molding tool. In some embodiments, the dielectric element10may be formed by injection molding, compression molding, transfer molding, and so on.

Referring toFIG.11B, the antennas21,22,23, and24may be formed on the dielectric element10by sputtering, electroplating, or electroless plating. The antennas21and23may be formed on the region11. The antennas22and24may be formed on the region12. The antenna21and the antenna22may be formed on the region11and the region12, respectively, such that the antenna21and the antenna22may have different elevations with respect to the surface101of the dielectric element10. In some embodiments, at least one conductive pad10aof the dielectric element10may be formed in the same operations of the antennas23and24.

Referring toFIG.11C, the substrate40may be provided and the dielectric element10(with the antennas) may be attached to the substrate40through the adhesive layer30.

In some embodiments, the adhesive layer30may be provided one the substrate40. The adhesive layer30may then be patterned to form the cavity30cexposing the conductive pad40aof the substrate40. In some embodiments, the adhesive layer30may be patterned by drilling such as laser drilling. As shown inFIG.11C, the conductive layer11amay be formed in the cavity30con the conductive pad40aexposed from the passivation layer (not shown in the figures) and the adhesive layer30.

FIGS.12A,12B, and12Cillustrate stages of a method of manufacturing an antenna device in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. In some embodiments, the antenna device3inFIG.3may be manufactured by the operations described below with respect toFIGS.12A,12B, and12C.

Referring toFIG.12A, the dielectric element10may be provided. In some embodiments, the dielectric element10may be formed by stacking multiple dielectric layers (such as the dielectric layers10′ and10″). In some embodiments, conductive structures (such as the conductive vias10vand the conductive pads10ainFIG.4) may be formed on the dielectric layers.

The operations inFIG.12BandFIG.12Cmay be similar to the operations inFIG.11BandFIG.11C, respectively, and are not repeated hereafter for conciseness.

FIGS.13A and13Billustrate stages of a method of manufacturing an antenna device in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. In some embodiments, the antenna device5inFIG.5may be manufactured by the operations described below with respect toFIGS.13A and13B.

Referring toFIG.13A, the conductive pad10a, the antenna23, and the antenna24may be pre-formed on the substrate40before forming the dielectric element10on the substrate40.

Referring toFIG.13B, the dielectric element10may be formed on the substrate40through a lamination operation. In some embodiments, the antenna21and the antenna22may be pre-formed on the dielectric element10before forming the dielectric element10on the substrate40. In some other embodiments, the antenna21and the antenna22may be formed on the dielectric element10after forming the dielectric element10on the substrate40.

FIGS.14A,14B, and14Cillustrate stages of a method of manufacturing an antenna device in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. In some embodiments, the antenna device6inFIG.6may be manufactured by the operations described below with respect toFIGS.14A,14B, and14C.

Referring toFIG.14A, the dielectric element10may be provided. The surface104of the dielectric element10of the antenna device6is non-perpendicular with respect to the surface103and the surface105. Then, similar toFIG.11B, the antennas21,22,23, and24may be formed on the dielectric element10by sputtering, electroplating, or electroless plating.

Referring toFIG.14B, the conductive layer60may be formed on the surface104. In some embodiments, the conductive layer60may be formed on the dielectric element10by sputtering, electroplating, or electroless plating. In some embodiments, the conductive layer60may be formed on the dielectric element10after forming the antennas21and22. In some other embodiments, the conductive layer60may be formed on the dielectric element10in the same operation with the antennas21and22. In some embodiments, the non-perpendicular surface104may facilitate the sputtering, electroplating, or electroless plating for the conductive layer60. In some embodiments, the conductive layer60may electrically connect the antenna21with the antenna22.

The operation inFIG.14Cmay be similar to the operations inFIG.11Cand is not repeated hereafter for conciseness.

As used herein, the singular terms “a,” “an,” and “the” may include a plurality of referents unless the context clearly dictates otherwise.