Method and apparatus for treating wrapping material for cigarettes or the like

A running web of wrapping material which is about to be converted into adhesive-coated uniting bands for joining plain cigarettes with filter plugs in filter tipping machines is transported through the passage of a housing wherein the web travels through a series of spark gaps between pairs of spaced-apart electrodes. The sparks which are caused to jump across the gaps perforate the web with attendant development of ozone and particles of dust. The passage of the housing forms part of an endless path for the circulation of Argon which reduces the rate of development of ozone, which is cooled to cool the electrodes, and which is caused to pass through a filter serving to intercept the particles of dust which are removed from the spark gaps. The making of holes in a noble-gas atmosphere prolongs the useful life of the electrodes.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for treating 
cigarette paper, imitation cork or other types of wrapping material for 
cigarettes or analogous rod-shaped articles which constitute or form part 
of smokers' products in a machine which manufactures or processes such 
products. More particularly, the invention relates to improvements in a 
method and apparatus for making holes in strips, webs or sheets of 
wrapping material for cigarettes, filter rod sections or like rod-shaped 
articles by resorting to a perforating device which is installed in a 
producing or processing machine and perforates the wrapping material by 
generating sparks between first and second electrodes. A perforating 
device which can be used to make holes in wrapping material for cigarettes 
or the like is disclosed, for example, in commonly owned copending patent 
application Ser. No. 003,364 filed Jan. 15, 1979 by Anton Baier, now U.S. 
Pat. No. 4,247,754 granted Jan. 27, 1981. 
The purpose of making holes in the wrappers of cigarettes or like 
rod-shaped articles which constitute or form part of smokers' products is 
to allow penetration of a certain amount of atmospheric air into the 
column of tabacco smoke. It is believed that the admixture of fresh 
atmospheric air to tobacco smoke reduces the deleterious effects of 
nicotine and/or condensate. Perforating devices which are used to make 
holes in cigarette paper, artificial cork or like wrapping material can 
employ needles or analogous mechanical parts which simply penetrate 
through a running web or a finished wrapper without removing any material 
therefrom. It is also known to resort to laser beams which burn holes into 
the wrapping material as well as to employ sets of electrodes defining 
spark gaps through which the wrapping material is caused to pass whereby 
the sparks which jump across the gaps, when the electrodes receive 
high-voltage pulses from a suitable source, burn holes into the wrapping 
material. Such making of holes is accompanied by the development of dust 
particles, namely, fragments of wrapping material which must be removed 
from the spark gaps. Moreover, the formation of holes by resorting to 
spark gaps is accompanied by the development of substantial quantities of 
ozone which is detrimental to the health of attendants. Removal of ozone, 
prevention of development of appreciable quantities of ozone, as well as 
removal of particles of dust are desirable on the additional ground that 
this contributes to longer useful life of the electrodes. Therefore, the 
machine which embodies the perforating device need not be idled at 
frequent intervals for the sole purpose of inspecting, cleaning, repairing 
and/or replacing one or more electrodes. Each interruption of operation of 
a modern high-speed cigarette maker entails the loss of approximately 6000 
cigarettes per minute so that the manufacturers of cigarettes are 
evidently interested in maintaining the machines in continuous operation 
during the entire shift and are even more interested in ensuring that the 
operation will not be interrupted on the sole ground that one or more 
electrodes of the perforating device (which, when compared with the cost 
of the entire machine, constitutes but a minor component of the cigarette 
maker) require inspection, repair or replacement. 
The mounting of the perforating device directly in the machine which 
manufactures and/or processes cigarettes or other rod-shaped articles 
which constitute or form part of smokers' products is desirable and 
advantages because the operation of the perforating device can be 
regulated in immediate response to detection of rod-shaped articles with 
wrappers which exhibit excessive or insufficient permeability to the flow 
of air therethrough. Such immediate regulation would not be possible if 
the wrapping material were perforated at the plant where the wrapping 
material is made, i.e., at a locus which is remote from the machine for 
the making and/or processing of plain or filter tipped cigarettes, 
cheroots, cigarillos or cigars or filter rod sections. 
OBJECTS AND SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
An object of the invention is to provide a novel and improved method of 
treating webs of wrapping material for cigarettes or the like in such a 
way that, even though the treatment involves the development of dust 
and/or ozone, this does not adversely influence the useful life of 
sensitive components of the apparatus which is used for the practice of 
the method and/or the health of attendants. 
Another object of the invention is to provide a novel and improved method 
of electrically perforating webs of cigarette paper or the like in such a 
way that the perforating operation is not harmful to the health and/or 
comfort of attendants in spite of the generation of dust and/or ozone. 
A further object of the invention is to provide a method of the above 
outlined character which enables the electrodes of the perforating unit to 
stand longer periods of continuous use and to require less frequent 
inspection than in heretofore known units. 
An additional object of the invention is to provide a method which can be 
practiced in connection with the making of holes in a wide variety of 
wrapping materials including cigarette paper, imitation cork, lightweight 
cardboard or the like. 
A further object of the invention is to provide a novel and improved 
apparatus for the practice of the above outlined method. 
Another object of the invention is to provide an apparatus which ensures 
that particles of dust which develop when a running web of wrapping 
material for cigarettes, filter rod sections and/or like rod-shaped 
articles which constitute or form part of smokers' products is perforated 
will not harm the attendants and/or adversely affect the useful life of 
component parts of the apparatus and/or contaminate the production line or 
machine in which the apparatus is installed. 
An additional object of the invention is to provide an apparatus which, 
even though its component parts cause the development of ozone in the 
course of a perforating operation, is capable of preventing the developing 
ozone from adversely influencing the health of persons working in the area 
in which the apparatus is installed. 
Another object of the invention is to provide an apparatus of the above 
outlined character which can be readily installed in existing machines or 
production lines for the mass-manufacture of cigarettes, filter rod 
sections and/or other rod-shaped articles constituting or forming part of 
smokers' products. 
An ancillary object of the invention is to establish a satisfactory 
environment for the perforation of cigarette paper or other suitable 
wrapping material in an apparatus which relies for the making of holes on 
the generation of sparks by resorting to pairs of electrodes which receive 
high-voltage pulses. 
Another object of the invention is to provide an apparatus which can be 
used with advantage in high-speed machines for the production of 
cigarettes or other rod-shaped smokers' products at the rate of up to and 
even well in excess of 100 per second. 
One feature of the invention resides in the provision of a method of 
treating wrapping material for rod-shaped articles which constitute or 
form part of smokers' products. More particularly, one feature of the 
invention resides in the provision of a method of treating wrapping 
material in a machine or production line for the manufacture and/or 
processing of smokers' products. The method comprises the steps of 
establishing at least one spark gap between first and second electrodes, 
introducing the wrapping material into the spark gap whereby the sparks 
between the first and second electrodes perforate the wrapping material 
and entail the development of dust particles, establishing an at least 
substantially closed path which includes the spark gap and is at least 
substantially sealed from the surrounding atmosphere, filling the path 
with a gaseous fluid which counteracts the development of ozone as a 
result of generation of sparks across the spark gap, circulating the 
gaseous fluid along the path whereby the fluid entrains the particles of 
dust from the region of the spark gap, and intercepting the entrained 
particles of dust in a portion of the path which is located downstream of 
the gap, as considered in the direction of circulation of the gaseous 
fluid, so that the fluid which flows from the just mentioned portion of 
the path toward the spark gap is at least substantially free of dust 
particles. 
The method preferably further comprises the step of cooling the gaseous 
fluid in the path so that the fluid which flows toward the spark gap 
removes heat from the electrodes. 
The fluid is preferably a noble gas, e.g., Argon. In order to prevent 
penetration of atmospheric air into the closed path, the fluid in such 
path is preferably maintained at a pressure which at least slightly 
exceeds atmospheric pressure. Since at least some leakage of fluid from 
the closed path into the surrounding atmosphere is unavoidable or can be 
avoided only at a substantial cost, the method preferably further 
comprises the step of admitting gaseous fluid into the closed path at a 
rate which suffices to compensate for the leakage. To this end, the closed 
path can be connected with a source of gaseous fluid (e.g., a bottle for 
highly pressurized noble gas) by way of suitable conduits which contain 
one or more pressure gauges, flow restrictors, pressure regulating valves 
and/or other constituents of a system for controlled admission of gaseous 
fluid into an endless path. 
The wrapping material is preferably transported through the gap in a 
predetermined direction, and the aforementioned circulating step 
preferably includes conveying the gaseous fluid in the region of the spark 
gap or gaps in such a way that the fluid flows in parallelism with (in or 
counter to) the direction of advancement of the wrapping material. The 
wrapping material may constitute a continuous web which is subdivided into 
discrete sections of predetermined length (e.g., into so-called uniting 
bands which are used in filter tipping machines) upon completion of the 
perforating step. The wrapping material may be a web or tape of cigarette 
paper, imitation cork, lightweight cardboard or any other suitable strip 
or sheet stock for confining the fillers of plain or filter tipped 
cigarettes, cheroots, cigarillos or cigars or filter rod sections. 
The novel features which are considered as characteristic of the invention 
are set forth in particular in the appended claims. The improved apparatus 
itself, however, both as to its construction and its mode of operation, 
together with additional features and advantages thereof, will be best 
understood upon perusal of the following detailed description of certain 
specific embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawing.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS 
Referring first to FIG. 1, there is shown a filter tipping machine of the 
type known as MAX S which is manufactured and sold by the assignee of the 
present application. The construction of the filter tipping machine, which 
is directly coupled to a cigarette making machine (for example, a machine 
known as SE 80 manufactured and sold by the assignee of the present 
application) is as follows: 
The frame F of the filter tipping machine supports a rotary drum-shaped 
conveyor 1 which can be said to form part of the aforementioned cigarette 
making machine and delivers two rows of plain cigarettes of unit length to 
a pair of staggered rotary drum-shaped aligning conveyors 2. The plain 
cigarettes of one row of cigarettes in the axially parallel peripheral 
flutes of the row forming conveyor 1 are adjacent to one axial end, and 
the plain cigarettes of the other row are adjacent to the other axial end 
of this conveyor. Furthermore, the cigarettes of one row are transported 
by oddly numbered flutes whereas the cigarettes of the other row are 
transported by the evenly numbered flutes of the conveyor 1. The two rows 
of cigarettes are transferred into the peripheral flutes of the 
corresponding aligning conveyors 2 which rotate in a counterclockwise 
direction, as viewed in FIG. 1, and are driven at different speeds or 
transport the respective cigarettes through different distances so that, 
when a flute of the front aligning conveyor 2, as viewed in FIG. 1, 
reaches a transfer station T1, it is an accurate axial alignment with a 
flute of the rear aligning conveyor 2. Such flutes deliver a pair of 
coaxial plain cigarettes of unit length into the adjacent flute of a 
rotary drum-shaped assembly conveyor 3 which is driven to rotate in a 
clockwise direction, as viewed in FIG. 1. 
The top portion of the frame F supports a magazine 4 for a supply of 
parallel rod-shaped filter rod sections (not specifically shown) of six 
times unit length. The outlet opening 4a at the lower end of the magazine 
4 receives a portion of a rotary drum-shaped serving conveyor 6 which is 
driven to rotate in a clockwise direction, as viewed in FIG. 1, and has 
peripheral flutes extending in parallelism with its axis. Such flutes 
remove discrete filter rod sections of six times unit length from the 
magazine 4 and transport successive filter rod sections past two rotary 
disc-shaped knives 7 which rotate about parallel axes and are staggered 
with respect to each other, as considered in the axial direction of the 
severing conveyor 6. The conveyor 6 cooperates with the knives 7 to 
convert successive filter rod sections of six times unit length into sets 
of three coaxial filter plugs of double unit length, and the filter plugs 
of successive sets are transferred onto a rotary staggering conveyor 8. 
The conveyor 8 is assembled of three discs which may but need not rotate 
about a common axis and are driven at different speeds and/or transport 
the respective filter plugs through different distances so that the filter 
plugs of each set are staggered with respect to each other, as considered 
in the circumferential direction of the conveyor 8, prior to transfer of 
successive filter plugs of double unit length into successive peripheral 
flutes of a rotary drum-shaped shuffling conveyor 9. The conveyor 9 is 
driven to rotate in a clockwise direction, as viewed in FIG. 1, and 
cooperates with two stationary cams 9a (only one shown) to convert the 
single row of axially staggered filter plugs into a row wherein each 
preceding filter plug is in accurate alignment with the next-following 
plug prior to transfer of successive plugs of the thus obtained row into 
successive flutes of a combined accelerating and inserting conveyor 11. 
The conveyor 11 is a rotary drum whose flutes deliver filter plugs of 
double unit length into successive flutes of the assembly conveyor 3 at a 
second transfer station T.sub.2 which is located upstream of the transfer 
station T.sub.1. The pairs of plain cigarettes of unit length which are 
delivered into the flutes of the assembly conveyor 3 at the transfer 
station T.sub.1 are spaced apart from each other by a distance which at 
least equals the axial length of a filter plug of double unit length, and 
the inserting conveyor 11 delivers filter plugs into successive flutes at 
the station T.sub.2 in such positions that, upon arrival at the transfer 
station T.sub.1, the filter plugs are located in the gaps between the 
corresponding plain cigarettes of unit length. The assembly conveyor 3 
advances the thus obtained groups of three coaxial rod-shaped articles 
each through the space between two suitably configurated condensing cams 
3a (only one shown) which cause the plain cigarettes to move axially 
toward each other and into abutment with the respective end faces of the 
corresponding filter plug of double unit length. 
The assembly conveyor 3 delivers successive condensed groups (each such 
group contains two coaxial plain cigarettes of unit length and a filter 
plug of double unit length therebetween) into successive flutes of a 
rotary drum-shaped transfer conveyor 12. This conveyor further receives 
adhesive-coated uniting bands from a rotary drum-shaped suction conveyor 
19 which cooperates with the blades 21a of a rotary cutter 21. 
The uniting bands are obtained in the response to severing of the leader of 
a continuous web 13 of cigarette paper, imitation cork or another suitable 
flexible strip-shaped wrapping material. Such material is drawn off a reel 
14 which is mounted on a spindle 114 and is caused to travel around a 
plurality of guide rolls 15 prior to reaching a so-called curling device 
17 of the type disclosed in commonly owned U.S. Pat. No. 3,962,957 granted 
June 15, 1976 to Alfred Hinzmann. After advancing beyond the curling 
device 17, successive increments of the web 13 enter the nip of two 
advancing rolls 16 at least one of which is driven to advance the web in a 
direction toward a deflecting roll 39. The leader of the web 13 adheres to 
the foraminous peripheral surface of the rotary suction conveyor 19 and is 
caused to advance past successive blades 21a of the rotating cutter 21. 
The latter cooperates with the conveyor 19 to convert the web 13 into a 
series of web portions or uniting bands of predetermined length. The 
conveyor 19 draws the web 13 from the deflecting roll 39 and transports 
the web through the housing H of an apparatus 38 which embodies the 
present invention, around a deflecting roll 41, and along the applicator 
roll 18a of a paster 18 which coats one side of the web 13 with a suitable 
adhesive. The roll 18a receives adhesive from a tank 18b by way of a 
withdrawing roll 18c and coats a portion of or the entire underside of the 
travelling web 13. A trough 37 which intercepts droplets of adhesive is 
disposed between the tank 18b and the housing H of the apparatus 38. 
The conveyor 19 applies successive discrete uniting bands to successive 
groups of coaxial rod-shaped articles in the oncoming flutes of the 
transfer conveyor 12. The uniting bands are preferably applied in such a 
way that they are disposed substantially tangentially of the respective 
groups and adhere to the corresponding filter plugs as well as to the 
innermost portions of the respective plain cigarettes of unit length. Such 
groups, each of which carries an adhesive-coated uniting band, are 
thereupon transferred onto the peripheral surface of a rotary drum-shaped 
wrapping conveyor 22 which cooperates with an adjustable (stationary or 
mobile) rolling device 23 to convolute the oncoming uniting bands around 
the respective groups so that each group constitutes a filter cigarette of 
double unit length. 
The wrapping conveyor 22 delivers successive filter cigarettes of double 
unit length into successive flutes of a rotary drum-shaped drying conveyor 
24 which can embody or is associated with suitable testing means for 
detection of filter cigarettes having defective wrappers. At least those 
filter cigarettes of double unit length whose wrappers are satisfactory 
are thereupon delivered into successive flutes of a rotary drum-shaped 
severing conveyor 26 which cooperates with a rotary disk-shaped knife 26a 
to sever each filter cigarette of double unit length midway across its 
filter plug so that each such cigarette yields two coaxial filter 
cigarettes of unit length. Each filter cigarette of unit length contains a 
plain cigarette of unit length, a filter plug of unit length, and one-half 
of a convoluted tubular uniting band which binds the filter plug to the 
respective plain cigarette. 
The severing conveyor 26 delivers successive pairs of filter cigarettes of 
unit length into successive flutes of a rotary drum-shaped conveyor 27 of 
a turn-around device 29 of the type disclosed in commonly owned U.S. Pat. 
No. 3,583,546 granted to Gerhard Koop. The turn-around device 29 further 
comprises a second rotary drum-shaped fluted conveyor 27a which receives 
one filter cigarette of each pair from the conveyor 27, a third rotary 
drum-shaped fluted conveyor 28 which receives the other filter cigarette 
of each pair from the conveyor 27, a fourth rotary drum-shaped fluted 
conveyor 28a, and a set of orbiting arms 29a which receive motion from a 
driving unit 29b. 
The operation of the turn-around device 29 is as follows: The conveyor 27 
receives pairs of coaxial filter cigarettes of unit length from successive 
flutes of the severing conveyor 26. One filter cigarette of each pair is 
delivered into the oncoming flute of the conveyor 28, whereas the other 
filter cigarette of each pair enters the oncoming flute of the conveyor 
27a. Successive flutes of the conveyor 27a deliver the respective filter 
cigarettes of unit length to oncoming arms 29a which turn each filter 
cigarette end-for-end and deliver the inverted cigarettes into successive 
flutes of the conveyor 28a. The conveyor 28a delivers the inverted filter 
cigarettes of unit length into alternate flutes of the conveyor 28. It is 
to be noted that the conveyor 27 delivers successive non-inverted filter 
cigarettes of unit length into alternate flutes of the conveyor 28 so that 
the latter provides room for acceptance of inverted cigarettes from the 
conveyor 28a. The arrangement is preferably such that the conveyor 28a 
delivers inverted filter cigarettes of unit length into the spaces between 
successive pairs of non-inverted cigarettes on the conveyor 28. Thus, the 
conveyor 28 transports a single file of aligned filter cigarettes of unit 
length in a clockwise direction, as viewed in FIG. 1, and the filter plugs 
of all filter cigarettes on the conveyor 28 face in the same direction. 
Successive flutes of the conveyor 28 deliver successive filter cigarettes 
of unit length to a testing conveyor 31 of conventional design, for 
example, of the type disclosed in commonly owned U.S. Pat. No. 3,962,906 
granted June 15, 1976 to Uwe Heitmann et al. The cigarettes which are 
defective are segregated from satisfactory cigarettes on a rotary 
drum-shaped conveyor 32 which follows the testing conveyor 31 and may 
cooperate with an additional testing device which monitors the 
tobacco-containing ends of successive cigarettes. The cigarettes which are 
found to be defective by the testing unit including the conveyor 31 and/or 
by the testing unit including the conveyor 32 are segregated during travel 
past an ejecting device (not shown) of any known design and the remaining 
(satisfactory) cigarettes of unit length are delivered onto the upper 
reach of an endless belt conveyor 36. The upper reach of the conveyor 36 
cooperates with a braking roll 33 and this conveyor is trained over 
pulleys 34 of which only one is shown in FIG. 1. The upper reach of the 
conveyor 36 delivers satisfactory filter cigarettes of unit length into 
storage, directly to a packing machine, or into a reservoir system (e.g., 
a system of the type which is known as Resy and is manufactured and sold 
by the assignee of the present application). 
The operation of the wrapping conveyor 22 and rolling device 23 will be 
understood upon perusal of the disclosure in commonly owned U.S. Pat. Nos. 
3,483,873 or 3,527,234, both granted to Alfred Hinzmann. 
The frame F further supports a spindle 114a for a fresh reel 14a of 
wrapping material 13' the leader of which is held at a splicing station 
SPL. When the supply of running web 13 on the reel 14 is nearly exhausted, 
a splicing device (not specifically shown) at the station SPL is actuated 
to attach the leader of the web 13' to the trailing portion of the web 13. 
A splicing device which can be used in the filter tipping machine of FIG. 
1 is disclosed, for example, in commonly owned U.S. Pat. No. 3,730,811 
granted May 1, 1973 to Hans-Joachim Wendt. The disclosures of all of the 
aforementioned commonly owned patents are incorporated herein by 
reference. 
The improved apparatus 38 is shown in greater detail in FIGS. 2, 3 and 4. 
Referring first to FIG. 4, the apparatus 38 comprises the aforementioned 
housing H which is disposed between the deflecting rolls 39, 41 and 
defines an elongated passage for the running web 13 which advances in the 
direction of arrow D. The web 13 is perforated during travel through the 
housing H and thereupon advances toward the roller-shaped applicator 18a 
of the paster 18. The housing H contains first electrodes 64a and second 
electrodes 64b. These electrodes are disposed in pairs and define spark 
gaps G (see FIG. 3) through which the web 13 advances toward the 
deflecting roll 41. 
The housing H comprises four block-shaped end portions 42a, 42b, 44a, 44b, 
two side walls 46a, 46b, and top and bottom walls 48a, 48b. The parts 42, 
44, 46 and 48 are connected to each other by screws or other suitable 
fasteners means, not specifically shown. The interior of the housing H 
accommodates two electrode holders 52a, 52b which respectively carry the 
electrodes 64a and 64b. The holders 52a, 52b consist of ceramic or other 
suitable insulating material and include removable top and bottom plates 
54a, 54b which preferably also consist of ceramic or other insulating 
material and are respectively adjacent to the walls 48a, 48b. It will be 
noted that, with the exception of the side walls 46a, 46b, the parts which 
are identified by similar reference numerals but are followed by 
characters a and b are respectively located above and below the plane of 
the web 13 in the interior of the housing H. The reference characters 47a 
and 47b denote two distancing members which hold the electrode holders 
52a, 52b apart so that these holders define a horizontal slot 58 forming 
part of the aforementioned passage wherein the running web 13 advances 
from the inlet 59a of the housing H toward and through the outlet 59b. The 
inlet 59a and outlet 59b are respective adjacent to the deflecting rolls 
39 and 41. As shown in FIG. 2, the inlet 59a is defined by the end 
portions 42a, 42b and the outlet 59b is defined by the end portions 44a, 
44b of the housing H. 
Those portions of the electrode holders 52a, 52b which are adjacent to the 
slot 58 are respectively provided with grooves or recesses 61a, 62a and 
61b, 62b for the free inner end portions of the corresponding electrodes 
64a, 64b. This can be readily seen in FIG. 3. The outer sides of the 
electrode holders 52a, 52b are respectively provided with circular sockets 
66a, 66b for the outer end portions of the corresponding electrodes 64a, 
64b. Each of the sockets 66a, 66b receives the outer end portions of two 
electrodes 64a or 64b, and the outer end portions of such pairs of 
electrodes are electrically as well as mechanically coupled to each other 
by clamps 67a, 67b. The two outermost electrodes 64a' of the upper row of 
electrodes, as viewed in FIG. 2, 3 or 4, merely serve for connection to a 
suitable source of high voltage. FIG. 2 shows that the inner end portions 
of the outermost electrodes 64a' do not extend into the slot 58, i.e., 
they do not form part of means for defining spark gaps. 
The end portions 42a, 42b, 44a, 44b of the housing H are respectively 
provided with bores 68a, 68b, 69a, 69b for connection to the branches 
79a', 79a", 79b', 79b" of a pipe or conduit 79 which, together with the 
slot 58, defines an endless closed path 78 for the circulation of a 
gaseous fluid (preferably a noble gas, most preferably Argon) which is 
supplied, if and when necessary, from a source 87, e.g., a pressurized 
container connected to the pipe 79 by a supply conduit 86. The bores 68a, 
68b and 69a, 69b respectively communicate with the slot 58 by way of 
channels 71a, 71b shown in FIG. 2. More specifically, the channels 71a and 
71b communicate with the respective grooves 61a, 62a and 61b, 62b, i.e., 
each of these grooves is connected with two bores for admission or 
evacuation of gaseous fluid. Each of the grooves 61a defines with a groove 
61b a chamber which is halved by the web 13 in the housing H. The same 
holds true for the grooves 62a and 62b (see FIG. 3). 
The end portions 42a, 44a of the housing H are further formed with 
compartments 73a, 73b which communicate with the grooves 61a and 62a by 
way of channels 72a, 72b. The compartments 73a, 73b serve for reception of 
loosely inserted rotary members here shown as idler rollers 74a, 74b which 
are freely rotatable therein but are a sufficiently tight fit to furnish a 
satisfactory sealing action in the region of the inlet 59a and outlet 59b 
so that the latter cannot permit escape of gaseous fluid into the 
surrounding atmosphere or the flow of surrounding air into the slot 58. To 
this end, the rollers 74a and 74b are respectively biased by leaf springs 
76a, 76b which are installed in the end portions 42a, 44a and urge the 
adjacent sealing rollers 74a, 74b against the surfaces 77a, 77b in the 
corresponding compartments 73a, 73b as well as against the adjacent end 
portions 42b, 44b, i.e., against the upper side of the web 13 which is 
thereby biased against the end portions 42b, 44b in such a way that 
friction between the web and the last mentioned end portions of the 
housing H is negligible (because the sealing rollers are rotatably by the 
running web). 
The left-hand outermost electrode 64a' of FIG. 4 is grounded and the 
right-hand outermost electrode 64a' of FIG. 4 is connected with a source 
93 of high-voltage pulses. Reference may be had to the aforementioned 
commonly owned U.S. Pat. No. 4,247,754 to Anton Baier. The pipe 79 
contains a suitable gas filter 81 (e.g., a converter filter of the type 
used in automotive vehicles), a heat exchanger 82 which serves to cool the 
circulating gaseous fluid, and a pump 83 which circulates the fluid in the 
direction of the arrow, i.e., the pump draws the fluid through the heat 
exchanger 82. The heat exchanger 82 may resemble or may constitute a 
modified version of a radiator of the type used in automotive vehicles. 
That portion of the pipe 79 which extends through the heat exchanger 82 
can be cooled by a blower (not specifically shown) which is driven by an 
electric motor or another suitable prime mover. The pump 83 may be a 
side-channel compressor type pump of known design. A pressure gauge 84 is 
installed to indicate the pressure of fluid medium which circulates along 
the path 78 defined by the housing H and pipe 79. A portion of path 78 (in 
the housing H), namely, the slot 58, is parallel to the direction of 
travel of the web 13 through the housing H of the apparatus 38. 
The supply conduit 86 contains two pressure gauges 88 and 89 at the 
opposite sides of the connection between this conduit and the source 87. 
An adjustable pressure regulating valve 91 is mounted in the conduit 86 
between the gauges 89 and 88. The conduit 86 further contains an 
adjustable flow restrictor 92 which is installed between the gauge 89 and 
the junction between the conduit 86 and pipe 79. 
The electrodes of each row are connected in series. As mentioned above, the 
manner in which the electrodes are connected to the source 93 may be the 
same as disclosed in the commonly owned U.S. Pat. No. 4,247,754 to Baier. 
Reference may further be had to German Offenlegungsschrift No. 2,703,244 
or to U.S. Pat. No. 4,025,742. 
The operation of the apparatus 38 is as follows: 
When the suction conveyor 19 draws the web 13 through the path portion or 
slot 58 of the housing H, the running web 13 drives the sealing rollers 
74a and 74b which are yieldably biased by the leaf springs 76a, 76b so 
that they sealingly engage the surfaces 77a, 77b in the respective 
compartments 73a, 73b and also maintain the web 13 in sealing engagement 
with the end portions 42b, 44b of the housing H. Since the rollers 74a, 
74b are in sealing contact with the upper side of the running web 13, the 
slot 58 is sealed from the surrounding atmosphere and, save for a certain 
amount of unavoidable leakage, the noble gas in the endless closed path 78 
is effectively sealed from the surrounding atmosphere. The source 93 
transmits high-voltage pulses at selected intervals to cause electric 
sparks to jump across the spark gaps G between the pairs of electroces 
64a, 64b. Each such spark causes the formation of a hole in the running 
web 13. The sparks are developed seriatim between successive pairs of 
associated electrodes 64a, 64b in a manner as disclosed in the 
aforementioned U.S. Pat. No. 4,247,754 to Baier. Successive pairs of 
electrodes 64a, 64b are staggered with reference to each other, as 
considered transversely of the direction of travel of the web 13 through 
the housing H (this, too, is fully described and shown in the U.S. Pat. 
No. 4,247,754 to Baier), so that the running web is formed with several 
rows of holes, namely, with a discrete row of holes for each pair of 
electrodes 64a, 64b. 
The pump 83 circulates a continuous stream of noble gas along the endless 
closed path 78 whereby the gas removes particles of dust from the region 
of the spark gaps G, i.e., from the grooves 61a, 61b, 62a, 62b, and 
thereby cools the electrodes 64a, 64b. The particles of dust which are 
entrained by the stream of noble gas are intercepted by the filter 81 
downstream of the spark gaps G so that the gas which is thereupon cooled 
during flow through the heat exchanger 82 and returned into the housing H 
by the pump 83 is at least substantially free of dust particles. 
The conduit 86 admits noble gas to the pipe 79 at such a rate as to 
compensate for losses due to leakage of noble gas into the surrounding 
atmosphere. The pressure regulating valve 91 is preferably set in such a 
way that the pressure of noble gas which fills the path 78 slightly 
exceeds atmospheric pressure. This ensures that air cannot penetrate into 
the path 78, i.e., the perforating operation takes place in a pure Argon 
atmosphere. This reduces the rate of development of ozone and protects the 
electrodes 64a, 64b by reducing the rate at which the electrodes are 
burned away. The electrodes are further protected due to the fact that the 
circulating noble gas cools their inner end portions and continuously 
removes particles of dust which develop as a result of the making of holes 
in the running web 13. 
An important advantage of the improved method and apparatus is that gaseous 
fluid which circulates along the path 78 prolongs the useful life of the 
electrodes 64a, 64b and thus reduces the number of interruptions of 
operation of the machine in which the improved apparatus is intalled. 
Moreover, the apparatus ensures that the health of the attendants is not 
endangered by ozone which develops as a result of generation of sparks 
across the spark gaps G. Still further, interception of dust particles 
which are entrained by the stream of gaseous fluid in the path 78 ensures 
that the machine and/or the area around the machine is not contaminated 
with dust. Also, the operation of the apparatus is quite economical 
because the consumption of gaseous fluid (preferably noble gas and most 
preferably Argon) is minimal; this is due to the fact that the path 78 is 
at least substantially sealed from the surrounding atmosphere so that the 
extent of leakage of gaseous fluid into the surrounding air is negligible. 
As a rule, gaseous fluid is likely to leak at the inlet 59a and/or at the 
outlet 59b of the housing H. Such leakage is effectively reduced or 
prevented by the aforementioned arrangement of sealing rollers 74a, 74b 
and springs 76a, 76b. It is clear that other types of sealing means can be 
used with equal or similar advantage. The sealing rollers are installed in 
compartments (73a, 73b) which can be said to constitute upward extensions 
of the slot 58, i.e., of that portion of the endless closed path 78 which 
is defined by the housing H. 
The improved apparatus can be used with equal advantage in cigarette 
making, filter rod making or other machines which turn out or process 
rod-shaped articles constituting or forming part of smokers' products. 
Without further analysis, the foregoing will so fully reveal the gist of 
the present invention that others can, by applying current knowledge, 
readily adapt it for various applications without omitting features that, 
from the standpoint of prior art, fairly constitute essential 
characteristics of the generic and specific aspects of our contribution to 
the art and, therefore, such adaptations should and are intended to be 
comprehended within the meaning and range of equivalence of the appended 
claims.