Systems and methods for controlling catheter device size

An apparatus includes a catheter, a housing configured to house at least a portion of the catheter, and an actuator movably coupled to the housing. The housing has a first port configured to receive a proximal end portion of the catheter and a second port configured to couple the housing to an indwelling vascular access device. A portion of the actuator is disposed within the housing and is configured to be movably coupled to a portion of the catheter. The actuator is configured to be moved a first distance to move a distal end portion of the catheter a second distance greater than the first distance from a first position to a second position. The distal end portion of the catheter is disposed within the housing when in the first position and is distal to the indwelling vascular access device when in the second position.

BACKGROUND

The embodiments described herein relate generally to catheter devices. More particularly, the embodiments described herein relate to catheter devices having a controlled size and/or catheter length.

Many medical procedures and/or surgical interventions include inserting an access device or fluid transfer device into a portion of the body. For example, catheters and/or other lumen-defining devices can be inserted into and/or through vascular structures to access portions of the body. In other instances, catheter and/or other lumen-defining devices can be used to transfer fluids from or to a patient.

In some instances, access devices and/or the like can have relatively long catheter lengths, which can present challenges during use. For example, in some instances, catheters and/or access devices used in interventional cardiology can have a length of 300 centimeters (cm) or more. In such instances, the use of such catheter and/or access devices can be cumbersome and/or difficult. In addition, the length of such catheter and/or access devices can result in undesirable bending, flexing, and/or kinking.

In other instances, fluid transfer devices and/or the like can use catheters and/or other lumen-defining devices to transfer fluids to or from a patient. In some instances, it may be desirable to maintain a relatively small and/or compact form factor of such fluid transfer devices to increase ease of use and/or decrease manufacturing and/or material costs. In some such instances, however, maintaining a relatively small and/or compact form factor can result in an undesirable reduction in an effective length and/or “reach” of a catheter included in the device.

By way of example, peripheral intravenous catheters or lines (PIVs) can be inserted into a patient and used for infusing fluids and medications. In general, PIVs are not designed for blood extraction with failure rates that typically increase with indwelling times (e.g., due to obstructions, build up, debris, clots, fibrin, etc.). In some instances, however, a fluid transfer device can be coupled to a proximal portion of a PIV (e.g., the portion outside of the body) and can be used to advance a catheter through the indwelling PIV to a position in which a distal end of the catheter extends beyond a distal end of the indwelling PIV. While such devices can position the distal end of the catheter in a portion of the vein receiving a flow of blood which may otherwise be obstructed or limited due to the presence of the indwelling PIV, some such devices can have a relatively long length in order to allow for the desired placement of the catheter beyond the PIV.

Thus, a need exists for catheter devices have a controllable size and/or catheter length.

SUMMARY

Devices and methods for transferring fluid to or from a patient through a placed peripheral intravenous catheter using a relatively compact device are described herein. In some embodiments, an apparatus includes a catheter, a housing, and an actuator. The catheter has a proximal end portion and a distal end portion and defines a lumen extending through the proximal end portion and the distal end portion. The housing is configured to house at least a portion of the catheter. The housing has a first port configured to receive the proximal end portion of the catheter and a second port configured to couple the housing to an indwelling vascular access device. The actuator is movably coupled to the housing. A portion of the actuator is disposed within the housing and is configured to be movably coupled to a portion of the catheter. The actuator is configured to be moved a first distance relative to the housing to move the distal end portion of the catheter a second distance greater than the first distance from a first position to a second position. The distal end portion of the catheter is disposed within the housing when in the first position and extends through the second port such that the distal end portion of the catheter is distal to the indwelling vascular access device when in the second position and the second port is coupled to the indwelling vascular access device.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

The embodiments described herein can be used in any suitable medical procedure and/or surgical intervention. For example, in some embodiments, a device such as those described herein can be used as an access device or the like during surgical intervention. In other embodiments, a device such as those described herein can be used to transfer fluids between a patient and any external connection, fluid source, fluid reservoir, etc. As one example, any of the embodiments described herein can be used, for example, to transfer fluids to or from a patient via an indwelling peripheral intravenous line (PIV) (or other suitable access device or port). In such embodiments, the device can be coupled to an indwelling or placed PIV and can be manipulated to advance a catheter through the PIV to position a distal end portion of the catheter beyond a distal end of the PIV (e.g., within a target vein). In some embodiments, the devices can have a relatively compact form factor yet are arranged such that the compact form factor does not limit and/or reduce a length, “reach,” or “throw” of the catheter, as described in further detail herein.

While described herein as being used, for example, to aspirate a volume of bodily fluid (e.g., blood) from a patient, it should be understood that the embodiments and/or devices are not limited thereto. For example, in some instances, the embodiments and/or devices can be used to aspirate bodily fluid including but not limited to, blood, cerebrospinal fluid, urine, bile, lymph, saliva, synovial fluid, serous fluid, pleural fluid, amniotic fluid, mucus, vitreous, air, and the like, or any combination thereof. In other instances, the embodiments and/or devices can be used to deliver one or more fluids from a fluid source to the patient. In still other instances, the embodiments and/or devices can be used in any suitable procedure or the like involving catheterization of a target region in the body. That is to say, the embodiments and/or devices are not limited to transferring fluids to or from a patient and can be used, for example, to provide access to a target region in the body for any suitable purpose. While at least some of the devices are described herein as being used with and/or coupled to a PIV in order to transfer fluid to or from a patient, it should be understood that such use is presented by way of example only and not limitation. In other instances, for example, any of the devices described herein can be coupled to and/or otherwise used with any suitable access device such as a needle, a peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC), and/or any other lumen-containing device. Moreover, it should be understood that references to “a patient” need not be limited to a human patient. For example, any of the devices described herein can be used in any suitable procedure performed on an animal (e.g., by a veterinarian and/or the like).

In some embodiments, an apparatus includes a catheter, a housing, and an actuator. The catheter has a proximal end portion and a distal end portion and defines a lumen extending through the proximal end portion and the distal end portion. The housing is configured to house at least a portion of the catheter. The housing has a first port configured to receive the proximal end portion of the catheter and a second port configured to couple the housing to an indwelling vascular access device. The actuator is movably coupled to the housing. A portion of the actuator is disposed within the housing and is configured to be movably coupled to a portion of the catheter. The actuator is configured to be moved a first distance relative to the housing to move the distal end portion of the catheter a second distance greater than the first distance from a first position to a second position. The distal end portion of the catheter is disposed within the housing when in the first position and extends through the second port such that the distal end portion of the catheter is distal to the indwelling vascular access device when in the second position and the second port is coupled to the indwelling vascular access device.

In some embodiments, an apparatus includes a catheter, a housing, and an actuator. The catheter has a proximal end portion and a distal end portion and defines a lumen extending through the proximal end portion and the distal end portion. The housing is configured to house at least a portion of the catheter. The housing having a first port configured to receive the proximal end portion of the catheter and a second port configured to couple the housing to an indwelling peripheral intravenous line. The actuator is coupled to the housing and is configured to be moved along a predetermined length of the housing. A portion of the actuator is disposed within the housing and is configured to movably receive a portion of the catheter. The actuator is configured to be moved along the predetermined length of the housing to move the distal end portion of the catheter between a first position, in which the distal end portion of the catheter is disposed within the housing, and a second position, in which the distal end portion of the catheter extends through the second port such that the distal end portion of the catheter is distal to the second port. The distal end portion of the catheter is moved a distance greater than the predetermined length of the housing when moved between the first position and the second position.

In some embodiments, a method includes coupling a port of a fluid transfer device to a peripheral intravenous line at least partially disposed within a vein of a patient. The fluid transfer device includes a housing having the port, a catheter movably disposed in the housing, and an actuator movably coupled to the housing. A portion of the actuator is disposed within the housing and is configured to movably receive a portion of the catheter. The actuator is moved a first distance relative to the housing, where the first distance is less than a length of the housing. The distal end portion of the catheter is moved a second distance relative to the housing as a result of moving the actuator the first distance, where the second distance is greater than a length of the housing. Moving the distal end portion of the catheter is such that the distal end portion of the catheter is moved from a first position, in which the distal end portion of the catheter is disposed in the housing, to a second position, in which the distal end portion of the catheter is distal to the port.

In some embodiments, an apparatus includes a housing, a catheter at least partially disposed in the housing, and an actuator. The housing has a first port that fixedly receives a proximal end portion of the catheter, and a second port configured to couple the housing to an access device in fluid communication with a patient. The actuator is movably coupled to the housing and is configured to movably receive a portion of the catheter. The actuator is configured to be moved a first distance relative to the housing to move the distal end portion of the catheter a second distance greater than the first distance. The distal end portion of the catheter being moved between a first position within the housing to a second position in which a portion of the catheter extends through the second port such that the distal end portion of the catheter is within the patient and distal to the access device.

As used herein, the terms “catheter” and “cannula” are used interchangeably to describe an element configured to define a passageway for accessing a portion of the body (e.g., of a human and/or animal). In some instances, the passageway defined by a catheter and/or cannula can be used for moving a bodily fluid or physical object (e.g., a stent, a punctate plug, a hyaluronic-acid-gel, etc.) from a first location to a second location. While cannulas can be configured to receive a trocar, a guide wire, or an introducer to deliver the cannula to a volume inside the body of a patient, the cannulas referred to herein need not include or receive a trocar, guide wire, or introducer.

As used herein, the words “proximal” and “distal” refer to the direction closer to and away from, respectively, a user who would place the device into contact with a patient. Thus, for example, the end of a device first touching the body of the patient would be the distal end, while the opposite end of the device (e.g., the end of the device being manipulated by the user) would be the proximal end of the device.

The embodiments described herein and/or portions thereof can be formed or constructed of one or more biocompatible materials. In some embodiments, the biocompatible materials can be selected based on one or more properties of the constituent material such as, for example, stiffness, toughness, durometer, bioreactivity, etc. Examples of suitable biocompatible materials include metals, glasses, ceramics, or polymers. Examples of suitable metals include pharmaceutical grade stainless steel, gold, titanium, nickel, iron, platinum, tin, chromium, copper, and/or alloys thereof. A polymer material may be biodegradable or non-biodegradable. Examples of suitable biodegradable polymers include polylactides, polyglycolides, polylactide-co-glycolides (PLGA), polyanhydrides, polyorthoesters, polyetheresters, polycaprolactones, polyesteramides, poly(butyric acid), poly(valeric acid), polyurethanes, and/or blends and copolymers thereof. Examples of non-biodegradable polymers include nylons, polyesters, polycarbonates, polyacrylates, polymers of ethylene-vinyl acetates and other acyl substituted cellulose acetates, non-degradable polyurethanes, polystyrenes, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinyl fluoride, poly(vinyl imidazole), chlorosulphonate polyolefins, polyethylene oxide, and/or blends and copolymers thereof.

FIGS. 1 and 2are schematic illustrations of a catheter device100in a first configuration and second configuration, respectively, according to an embodiment. In some embodiments, the catheter device100(also referred to herein as “device”) can be configured to couple to and/or otherwise engage an access device and/or the like and manipulated to place a portion of a catheter in a desired position within the body. For example, the device100can be coupled to an indwelling peripheral intravenous catheter (PIV) to transfer bodily fluid from and/or transfer fluid to a portion of a patient (e.g., aspirate a volume of blood or infuse a drug or substance), as described in further detail herein.

The device100can be any suitable shape, size, and/or configuration. As shown inFIG. 1, the device100includes at least a housing110, a catheter130(or cannula), and an actuator150. The housing110can be any suitable configuration. For example, in some embodiments, the housing110can be an elongate member having a substantially circular cross-sectional shape. In some embodiments, the shape of the housing110and/or one or more features and/or surface finishes of at least an outer surface of the housing110can be arranged to increase the ergonomics of the device100, which in some instances, can allow a user to manipulate the device100with one hand (i.e., single-handed use). As described in further detail herein, the arrangement of the device100is such that the housing110has a relatively compact length or the like without limiting and/or reducing a length of the catheter130.

The housing110has a first port111and a second port112. The first port111is configured to fixedly receive a proximal end portion131of the catheter130and the second port is configured to movably receive a distal end portion132of the catheter130. While the first port111and the second port112are shown inFIG. 1as being disposed on the same side of the housing110(e.g., a distal side and/or along a distal surface), in other embodiments, a housing can include a first port and a second port disposed at any suitable position along the housing (e.g., the ports can be disposed along the same surface or along different surfaces).

The ports111and112can be any suitable configuration. For example, in some embodiments, the first port111can be a clamp, grommet, o-ring, compression member, Luer Lok™, and/or any other suitable coupler. In this manner, the first port111can receive the proximal end portion131of the catheter130to allow a portion of the catheter130to be disposed within the housing110while maintaining a fixed portion (e.g., the proximal end portion131) of the catheter130outside of the housing110, as described in further detail herein. In some embodiments, the second port112can be a lock mechanism and/or coupler configured to couple the housing110to a PIV (e.g., an indwelling PIV) and/or any suitable adapter coupled to a PIV (e.g., an IV extension set or the like). For example, in some embodiments, the second port112can be a Luer Lok™, a “Clip-Lock-Snap” connection, and/or the like configured to physically and fluidically couple to, for example, the PIV. Moreover, the second port112is configured to movably receive the distal end portion132of the catheter130to allow the distal end portion132of the catheter130to be advanced through the second port112and the PIV (not shown inFIGS. 1 and 2) to be at least partially disposed within a vein of a patient (e.g., the vein in which the PIV is dwelling), as described in further detail herein.

The catheter130includes the proximal end portion131and the distal end portion132and defines a lumen (not shown) that extends through the proximal end portion131and the distal end portion132. While described as defining a lumen, in some embodiments, the catheter130can include and/or define multiple lumens, channels, flow paths, etc. Although not shown inFIGS. 1 and 2, the proximal end portion131of the catheter130can include and/or can be coupled to a coupler and/or lock configured to physically and fluidically couple the catheter130to any suitable device and/or reservoir (e.g., a syringe, fluid reservoir, sample reservoir, evacuated container, fluid source, etc.). The distal end portion132of the catheter130is configured to be inserted into a portion of a patient's body, as described in further detail herein.

At least a portion of the catheter130is movably disposed within the housing110. In some embodiments, the catheter130can be moved (e.g., via movement of the actuator150) between a first position and a second position to transition the device100between the first configuration and the second configuration, respectively. More specifically, the distal end portion132of the catheter130is disposed within the housing110when the catheter130is in the first position (FIG. 1) and at least a portion of the catheter130extends through the second port112and the PIV (not shown) to place a distal end of the catheter130in a distal position relative to the PIV when the catheter130is in the second position (FIG. 2), as described in further detail herein.

The catheter130can be formed from any suitable material or combination of materials, which in turn, can result in the catheter130having any suitable stiffness or durometer. In some embodiments, at least a portion of the catheter130can be formed of a braided material or the like, which can change, modify, and/or alter a flexibility of the catheter130in response to a bending force or the like. In some embodiments, forming the catheter130of the braided material or the like can reduce a likelihood of kinking and/or otherwise deforming in an undesired manner. In addition, forming at least a portion of the catheter130of a braided material can result in a compression and/or deformation in response to a compression force exerted in a direction of a longitudinal centerline defined by the catheter130(e.g., an axial force or the like). In this manner, the catheter130can absorb a portion of force associated with, for example, impacting an obstruction or the like.

The catheter130can be any suitable shape, size, and/or configuration. For example, in some embodiments, at least a portion of the catheter130can have an outer diameter (e.g., between 8 french and 18 french, between 8-gauge and 33-gauge, and/or any other suitable size or range of sizes) that is substantially similar to or slightly smaller than an inner diameter defined by a portion of the second port112and/or an inner diameter defined by a portion of the PIV. In this manner, an inner surface of the second port112and/or PIV can guide the catheter130as the catheter130is moved therethrough, as described in further detail herein. In some embodiments, such an arrangement can limit and/or can substantially prevent bending, deforming, and/or kinking of a portion of the catheter130during use.

In some embodiments, the catheter130can have a length sufficient to place a distal surface of the catheter130in a desired position relative to a distal surface of the PIV when the catheter130is in the second position. In other words, the length of the catheter130can be sufficient to define a predetermined and/or desired distance between the distal surface of the catheter130and the distal surface of the PIV when the catheter130is in the second position. In some instances, placing the distal surface of the catheter130at the predetermined and/or desired distance from the distal surface of the PIV can, for example, place the distal surface of the catheter130in a desired position within a vein, as described in further detail herein.

In some embodiments, the length of the catheter130can be greater than a length of the housing110. Moreover, a length of a portion of the catheter130disposed in the housing110can be greater than the length of the housing110. In the embodiment shown inFIGS. 1 and 2, for example, the portion of the catheter130disposed in the housing110can form and/or can be arranged in a U-shaped configuration. That is to say, the catheter130can form a U-bend or 180° turn in the housing110. The portion of the catheter130disposed in the housing110can be mirrored about a centerline of the U-bend or the like. Thus, the arrangement of the catheter130substantially doubles a length L1of the catheter130disposed in the housing110when compared to a length of a catheter having a straight or non-bent configuration.

In some embodiments, the doubling of the length L1of the catheter130disposed in the housing110can result in a similar doubling (or substantial doubling) of a “reach” of the catheter130for a given length of the housing110. In other embodiments, the doubling of the length L1of the catheter130disposed in the housing110can allow a length of the housing110to be reduced without a similar or corresponding reduction in the length or reach of the catheter130, as described in further detail herein. Moreover, arranging the catheter130in a U-shaped configuration within the housing110can result in a shorter unsupported portion of the catheter130when compared to an unsupported portion of a catheter having a straight or non-bent configuration. As described in further detail herein, such an arrangement can, for example, reduce a likelihood of undesired bowing, kinking, bending, deflecting, and/or deforming, as the catheter130is advanced to the second position.

The actuator150of the device100can be any suitable shape, size, and/or configuration. The actuator150is movably coupled to the housing110and the catheter130. More specifically, the actuator150can include a first portion disposed outside of the housing110and a second portion disposed within the housing110. In this manner, a user can engage the first portion to move the actuator150relative to the housing110, as indicated by the arrow AA inFIG. 1. In some embodiments, the housing110can define a range of motion of the actuator150. For example, in some embodiments, a portion of the actuator150(e.g., coupling the first portion to the second portion) can extend through a slot defined by the housing110. In such embodiments, a length of the slot can define an axial range of motion for the actuator150. That is to say, the actuator150can move within the slot along a length of the housing110.

Although not shown inFIGS. 1 and 2, the second portion of the actuator150is movably coupled to the catheter130. For example, in some embodiments, the second portion of the actuator150can be a relatively rigid sleeve or the like that defines a lumen configured to movably receive a portion of the catheter130. In some embodiments, the second portion (e.g., sleeve) can form a U-shape or the like such that a portion of the catheter130disposed within the second portion of the actuator150likewise forms a U-shape (as described above). In other embodiments, the second portion can form a U-shaped channel or open surface (e.g., not forming an enclosed sleeve). In still other embodiments, the second portion can form any suitable shape and/or can include any suitable contoured surface. For example, in some embodiments, the second portion can be L-shaped, V-shaped, W-shaped, etc. having any suitable radius of curvature. The arrangement of the second portion and the catheter130is such that the catheter130can move substantially freely through the second portion. In other embodiments, an outer surface of the catheter130can contact an inner surface of the second portion of the actuator150such that a friction force resulting from the contact at least partially resists movement of the catheter130through the second portion of the actuator150.

The arrangement of the device100is such that moving the actuator150along a length of the housing110advances a portion of the catheter130through the actuator150, which in turn, moves the distal end portion132of the catheter130between the first position and the second position. As described above, the proximal end portion131of the catheter130is fixedly coupled to the first port111while the distal end portion132of the catheter130is configured to be moved relative to the housing110(e.g., through the second port112). Thus, as shown inFIG. 2, moving the actuator150in a distal direction (e.g., the AA direction) advances a portion of the catheter130through the actuator150(e.g., the second portion of the actuator150, not shown). In turn, the distal end portion132of the catheter130is moved from the first position (FIG. 1) to the second position (FIG. 2). By having the proximal end portion131of the catheter130fixedly coupled to the first port111and by arranging the catheter130in a U-shape within the housing110(as described above), moving the actuator150a first distance D1(FIG. 2) moves the distal end portion132of the catheter130a second distance D2(FIG. 2) that is substantially twice the first distance D1. In some instances, the second distance D2can be sufficient to dispose a distal surface of the catheter130in a desired position relative to a distal surface of the PIV (not shown inFIGS. 1 and 2). In this manner, the device100can include the housing110that has a compact, limited, and/or reduced length while the catheter130has a length sufficient to extend a desired distance (e.g., at least partially into a PIV or at least partially through the PIV such that the distal end portion132of the catheter130is beyond or distal to a distal end of a PIV).

FIGS. 3 and 4are schematic illustrations of a catheter device200in a first configuration and second configuration, respectively, according to an embodiment. In some embodiments, the catheter device200(also referred to herein as “device”) can be configured to couple to and/or otherwise engage an access device and/or the like and manipulated to place a portion of a catheter in a desired position within the body. For example, the device200can be coupled to an indwelling peripheral intravenous catheter (PIV)205to transfer bodily fluid from and/or transfer fluid to a portion of a patient, as described in further detail herein.

The device200can be any suitable shape, size, and/or configuration. As shown inFIG. 3, the device200includes at least a housing210, a catheter230(or cannula), and an actuator250. The housing210can be any suitable configuration. For example, in some embodiments, the housing210can be an elongate member having a substantially circular cross-sectional shape. In some embodiments, the shape of the housing210and/or one or more features and/or surface finishes of at least an outer surface of the housing210can be arranged to increase the ergonomics of the device200, which in some instances, can allow a user to manipulate the device200with one hand (i.e., single-handed use). In some embodiments, the housing210can be substantially similar to the housing110described above with reference toFIGS. 1 and 2. Thus, portions of the housing210are not described in further detail herein.

The housing210has a proximal end portion214and a distal end portion215. The housing210includes a first port211and a second port212. The ports211and212can be any suitable configuration such as those described above with reference to the first port111and the second port112, respectively. In the embodiment shown inFIGS. 3 and 4, the first port211and the second port212are disposed on or along the distal end portion215of the housing210. The first port211is configured to fixedly receive a proximal end portion231of the catheter230. The second port212is configured to movably receive a distal end portion232of the catheter230. Moreover, the second port212can be a lock mechanism and/or coupler configured to couple the housing210to the PIV205(e.g., an indwelling PIV), as described above.

The catheter230of the device200can be any suitable shape, size, and/or configuration. For example, in some embodiments, the catheter230can be substantially similar to the catheter130described above with reference toFIGS. 1 and 2. Thus, portions of the catheter230are not described in further detail herein. For example, as described above with reference to the catheter130, in the embodiment shown inFIGS. 3 and 4, the catheter230can be formed from any suitable material such as those described herein. Similarly, the catheter230can have any suitable diameter configured to allow at least a portion of the catheter230to be moved through the second port212without undesirable bending, deforming, kinking, etc., as described above with reference to the catheter130.

Although not shown inFIGS. 3 and 4, the catheter230defines a lumen that extends through the proximal end portion231and the distal end portion232. The proximal end portion231of the catheter230includes and/or is coupled to a coupler233(e.g., a Luer Lok™ or the like) configured to physically and fluidically couple the catheter230to any suitable device and/or reservoir (e.g., a syringe, fluid reservoir, sample reservoir, evacuated container, fluid source, etc.). The distal end portion232of the catheter230is configured to be inserted into a portion of a patient's body, as described in further detail herein.

At least a portion of the catheter230is movably disposed within the housing210. In some embodiments, the catheter230can be moved (e.g., via movement of the actuator250) between a first position, in which the distal end portion232of the catheter230is disposed within the housing210(FIG. 3), and a second position, in which at least a portion of the catheter230extends through the second port212and the PIV205to place a distal end of the catheter230in a distal position relative to the PIV205(FIG. 4), as described in further detail herein. In some embodiments, the catheter230can have a length sufficient to place a distal surface of the catheter230in a desired position relative to a distal surface of the PIV205when the catheter230is in the second position. In other words, the length of the catheter230can be sufficient to define a predetermined and/or desired distance between the distal surface of the catheter230and the distal surface of the PIV205when the catheter230is in the second position. In some instances, placing the distal surface of the catheter230at the predetermined and/or desired distance from the distal surface of the PIV205can, for example, place the distal surface of the catheter230in a desired position within a vein.

In some embodiments, for example, the predetermined and/or desired distance between the distal surface of the catheter230and the distal surface of the PIV205can be between about 0.0 millimeters (mm) and about 50.0 mm. In other embodiments, the predetermined and/or desired distance can be between about 15.0 mm and about 30.0 mm. In still other embodiments, the distal end portion232of the catheter230can be advanced, for example, through a hub of the PIV205while remaining proximal to the distal surface of the PIV205(e.g., the distal end portion232of the catheter230does not extend through the PIV205). For example, in some embodiments, the predetermined and/or desired distance between the distal surface of the catheter230and the distal surface of the PIV205can be when the distal surface of the catheter230is between about 80.0 mm and about 0.0 mm proximal to the distal surface of the PIV205(e.g., −80.0 mm to about 0.0 mm).

In some embodiments, the length of the catheter230can be based at least in part on a desired and/or intended use. For example, in some embodiments, the device200can be configured for use in interventional cardiology wherein the catheter230can have a length of, for example, 320.0 centimeters (cm) or more. In other embodiments, the device200can be configured for use in fluid transfer via a PIV (as described in detail herein) and can have a length between about 1.77 cm and about 25.4 cm (about 0.5 inches (in) to about 10.0 in).

In some embodiments, the length of the catheter230can be greater than a length of the housing210. Accordingly, a portion of the catheter230can be arranged in the housing210such that a length of the portion of the catheter230disposed therein is greater than a length of the housing210. For example, as described in detail above with reference to the catheter130, in the embodiment shown inFIGS. 3 and 4, the catheter230can be disposed in the housing210in a U-shaped configuration. That is to say, the catheter230can form a U-bend or 180° turn in the housing210. The portion of the catheter230disposed in the housing210can be mirrored about a centerline of the U-bend or the like. Thus, the arrangement of the catheter230doubles a length of the catheter230disposed in the housing210without increasing a length of the housing210, as described above with reference to the device100shown inFIGS. 1 and 2. Moreover, in some embodiments, the U-shaped configuration of the catheter230can result in a reduced portion of the catheter230that is unsupported within the housing210, which in turn, can reduce a likelihood of undesired kinking, bending, bowing, deflecting, deforming, etc. of a portion of the catheter230as the catheter230is moved toward the second position. In other words, reducing an unsupported length of the catheter230can result in the catheter230being more “pushable” (e.g., able to be advanced without undesired reconfiguration) from the first position to the second position.

The actuator250of the device200can be any suitable shape, size, and/or configuration. As shown inFIGS. 3 and 4, the actuator250is movably coupled to the housing210and the catheter230. The actuator250includes a first portion251(e.g., an engagement portion) disposed outside of the housing210and a second portion252(e.g., a sleeve portion) disposed within the housing210. The first portion251of the actuator250can be arranged as a push button, tab, knob, slider, etc. The second portion252of the actuator250can be, for example, a relatively rigid sleeve, tube, conduit, channel, and/or the like that defines a lumen, surface, and/or path within or along which a portion of the catheter230can be moved. As shown inFIGS. 3 and 4, the second portion252is substantially U-shaped and can have any suitable radius of curvature. The lumen and/or path defined by the second portion252of the actuator250movably receives the portion of the catheter230such that the portion of the catheter230disposed within the second portion252of the actuator250likewise forms a U-shape, as shown inFIGS. 3 and 4. In some embodiments, the radius of curvature of the second portion252can be such that the portion of the catheter230can move substantially freely through the second portion252of the actuator250without kinking, bending, binding, and/or otherwise undesirably deforming. While the second portion252of the actuator250is shown and described with reference toFIGS. 3 and 4as being U-shaped, in other embodiments, an actuator and/or a portion thereof can have any suitable shape, size, and/or configuration, as described in further detail herein.

As described above with reference to the actuator150shown inFIGS. 1 and 2, a user can engage the first portion251of the actuator250to move the actuator250(including the second portion252thereof) relative to the housing210. As shown inFIGS. 3 and 4, the housing210defines a slot213configured to receive a portion of the actuator250. The slot213has a length L2extending along a surface of the housing210. Thus, with a portion of the actuator250disposed within the slot213, the slot213is operable to define a range of motion of the actuator250relative to the housing210. For example, the actuator250can be moved in a substantially axial direction along the length L2of the slot213. Moreover, the slot213can be relatively thin such that lateral movement of the actuator250relative to the housing210(e.g., perpendicular to the axial motion) is limited and/or substantially prevented. Although not shown inFIGS. 3 and 4, in some embodiments, an outer surface of the housing210and/or a surface defining at least a portion of the slot213can include and/or can form a set of ribs, ridges, bumps, notches, etc. configured to be in contact with a surface of the actuator250. In such embodiments, the surface of the actuator250can move along the ribs or the like as the actuator250is moved in the slot213. As such, the movement can result in a haptic and/or audible output that can provide a user with an indicator or the like associated with movement of the actuator250and/or catheter230. In some embodiments, the arrangement of the ribs or the like and the actuator250can act as a ratchet system or the like that can, for example, retain the actuator250(and thus, the catheter230) in a substantially fixed position along the slot213in the absence of an external force being applied on the actuator250(e.g., a force applied by the user).

The arrangement of the device200is such that moving the actuator250(e.g., the first portion251and the second portion252, collectively) along a length of the housing210advances a portion of the catheter230through the second portion252of the actuator250. In turn, the distal end portion232of the catheter230is moved between the first position and the second position. As described above with reference to the device100shown inFIGS. 1 and 2, with the proximal end portion231of the catheter230fixedly coupled to the first port211and the distal end portion232of the catheter230configured to move relative to the housing210, moving the actuator250, for example, in a distal direction advances a portion of the catheter230through the second portion252of the actuator250. The advancement of the catheter230through the second portion252of the actuator250, in turn, moves the distal end portion of the catheter230from the first position to the second position, thereby transitioning the device200from the first configuration (FIG. 3) to the second configuration (FIG. 4).

As described above, the arrangement of the device200is such that moving the actuator250a first distance D3results in the distal end portion232of the catheter230being moved a second distance D4that is substantially twice the first distance D3. In other words, displacement of the distal end portion232of the catheter230is approximately double the displacement of the actuator250. In some instances, such an arrangement can be considered and/or referred to as a “length doubling” and/or “displacement doubling.” When accessing a vein or the like via the PIV205, the second distance D4can be sufficient to dispose a distal surface of the catheter230in a desired position relative to a distal surface of the PIV205. For example, in some instances, at may be desirable to position the distal surface of the catheter230distal to the distal surface of the PIV205. In such instances, the arrangement of the device200can be such that the housing210has a compact, limited, and/or reduced length while the catheter230has a length sufficient to extend beyond a distal end of the PIV205.

While the arrangement of the actuator250and catheter230is described above as being used, for example, to double an amount displacement of the distal end portion for a given displacement of the actuator, in some embodiments, the arrangement can also reduce an amount of force associated with advancing the distal end portion232of the catheter230. For example, in some embodiments, the “displacement doubling” arrangement can be such that the distal end portion232of the catheter230is advanced with approximately half the force that is applied on the actuator250. In this manner, the “displacement doubling” arrangement can have and/or can be associated with a mechanical advantage similar to that of, for example, a block and tackle system. In some instances, reducing an amount of force associated with advancement of the catheter230can reduce and/or limit damage to the catheter230and/or other structure (e.g., a vein wall or portion of the PIV205) that may otherwise result from the distal surface of the catheter230impacting an obstruction or the like.

While the proximal end portion231and the distal end portion232of the catheter230are shown inFIGS. 3 and 4as extending from, for example, a distal surface of the housing210(i.e., the same surface), in other embodiments, a device can be configured such that a proximal end portion of a catheter extends through, for example, a proximal surface of a housing and a distal end portion of the catheter extends through, for example, a distal surface of the housing. For example,FIGS. 5 and 6are schematic illustrations of a catheter device300in a first configuration and second configuration, respectively, according to an embodiment. In some embodiments, the catheter device300(also referred to herein as “device”) can be configured to couple to and/or otherwise engage an access device and/or the like and manipulated to place a portion of a catheter in a desired position within the body. For example, the device300can be coupled to an indwelling peripheral intravenous catheter (PIV)305to transfer bodily fluid from (e.g., aspiration of blood) and/or transfer fluid to (e.g., infusion of a drug or substance) a portion of a patient, as described in further detail herein.

The device300can be any suitable shape, size, and/or configuration. As shown inFIG. 5, the device300includes at least a housing310, a catheter330(or cannula), and an actuator350. In some embodiments, the device300can be substantially similar in form and/or function to the devices100and/or200described above with reference toFIGS. 1 and 2andFIGS. 3 and 4, respectively. Thus portions of the device300are not described in further detail herein.

The housing310can be any suitable configuration. For example, in some embodiments, the housing310can be an elongate member having a substantially circular cross-sectional shape. As described above with reference to the housings110and210, in the embodiment shown inFIGS. 5 and 6, the housing310includes a first port311configured to fixedly receive a proximal end portion331of the catheter330and a second port312configured to movably receive a distal end portion332of the catheter330. The ports311and312can be any suitable configuration. For example, in some embodiments, the first port311and the second port312can be substantially similar to the first port111and the second port112, respectively, and thus, are not described in further detail herein.

The housing310shown inFIGS. 5 and 6differs from the housings110and210, however, by disposing and/or forming the ports311and312on opposite sides of the housing310. For example, the first port311, configured to fixedly couple to the proximal end portion331of the catheter330, can be disposed on a proximal surface of the housing310and the second port312, configured to movably receive the distal end portion332of the catheter330, can be disposed on a distal surface of the housing310. Moreover, the housing310can differ from the housings110and/or210by including a post314disposed within the housing310. The post314is configured to engage a portion of the catheter330within the housing310, as described in further detail herein.

The catheter330of the device300can be any suitable shape, size, and/or configuration. For example, in some embodiments, the catheter330can be substantially similar to the catheter130described above with reference toFIGS. 1 and 2. Thus, portions of the catheter330are not described in further detail herein. For example, as described above with reference to the catheter130, in the embodiment shown inFIGS. 5 and 6, the catheter330can be formed from any suitable material such as those described herein. Similarly, the catheter330can have any suitable diameter configured to allow at least a portion of the catheter330to be moved through the second port312without undesirable bending, deforming, kinking, etc., as described above with reference to the catheter130.

Although not shown inFIGS. 5 and 6, the catheter330defines a lumen that extends through the proximal end portion331and the distal end portion332. The proximal end portion331of the catheter330includes and/or is coupled to a coupler333(e.g., a Luer Lok™ or the like) configured to physically and fluidically couple the catheter330to any suitable device and/or reservoir (e.g., a syringe, fluid reservoir, sample reservoir, evacuated container, fluid source, etc.). As described above, the proximal end portion331of the catheter330is fixedly coupled to and/or disposed within the first port311disposed on or near a proximal surface of the housing310. The distal end portion332of the catheter330is configured to be inserted into a portion of a patient's body, as described in further detail herein.

At least a portion of the catheter330is movably disposed within the housing310. In some embodiments, the catheter330can be moved (e.g., via movement of the actuator350) between a first position, in which the distal end portion332of the catheter330is disposed within the housing310(FIG. 5), and a second position, in which at least a portion of the catheter330extends through the second port312and the PIV305to place a distal end of the catheter330in a desired position relative to the PIV305(FIG. 6), as described in further detail herein. In some embodiments, the catheter330can have a length sufficient to place a distal surface of the catheter330in a desired position relative to a distal surface of the PIV305when the catheter330is in the second position. In other words, the length of the catheter330can be sufficient to define a predetermined and/or desired distance between the distal surface of the catheter330and the distal surface of the PIV305when the catheter330is in the second position. In some instances, placing the distal surface of the catheter330at the predetermined and/or desired distance from the distal surface of the PIV305can, for example, place the distal surface of the catheter330in a desired position within a vein, as described above with reference to the catheter230.

The catheter330can have any suitable length such as, for example, those described above with reference to the catheter230. In some embodiments, the length of the catheter330can be greater than a length of the housing310. In some embodiments, a portion of the catheter330can be arranged in the housing310such that a length of the portion of the catheter330disposed therein is greater than the length of the housing310. For example, as described in detail above with reference to the catheters130and230, in the embodiment shown inFIGS. 5 and 6, the catheter330can be disposed in the housing310and can form one or more U-bends or 180° turns in the housing310. Thus, the arrangement of the catheter330allows for an increase in a length of the catheter330disposed in the housing310without increasing a length of the housing310, as described above with reference to the device100shown inFIGS. 1 and 2. Moreover, by forming at least one U-bend or at least one 180° turn, and effective length, reach, and/or throw of the catheter330can be increased without increasing a length of the housing310. In other embodiments, such an arrangement can allow for a reduction the a length of the housing310without reducing the effective length, reach, and/or throw of the catheter330, as described in further detail herein.

While described as forming one or more U-bends or 180° turns in the housing310in a manner substantially similar to that described above with reference to the devices100and200, the device300can differ from the devices100and200by arranging a portion of the catheter330within the housing310in a serpentine configuration (e.g., having two or more U-bends or, for example, a W-shaped bend). For example, as shown inFIGS. 5 and 6, the housing310includes the post314configured to engage a portion of the catheter330. More specifically, a portion of the catheter330can bend or wrap around the post to form a U-bend or the like with one end of the catheter330extending toward the first port311and an opposite end of the catheter330extending toward a portion of the actuator350. In the embodiment shown inFIGS. 5 and 6, the post314can be substantially stationary or fixed and, as such, a length of a portion of the catheter330disposed between the first port311and the post314can similarly be fixed. As described in further detail herein, in use, the actuator350can be moved relative to the housing310and as such, can decrease or increase a length of a portion of the catheter330disposed between the post314and the portion of the actuator350.

The actuator350of the device300can be any suitable shape, size, and/or configuration. As shown inFIGS. 5 and 6, the actuator350is movably coupled to the housing310and the catheter330. The actuator350includes a first portion351(e.g., an engagement portion) disposed outside of the housing310and a second portion352(e.g., a sleeve portion) disposed within the housing310. The first portion351of the actuator350can be arranged as a push button, tab, knob, slider, etc. The second portion352of the actuator350can be, for example, a relatively rigid sleeve, tube, conduit, channel, surface, and/or the like that defines a lumen or path configured to movably receive a portion of the catheter330. As shown inFIGS. 5 and 6, the second portion352is substantially U-shaped and movably receives the portion of the catheter330such that the portion of the catheter330disposed therein likewise forms a U-shape, as shown inFIGS. 5 and 6. In some embodiments, the actuator350can be similar to and/or substantially the same as the actuator250and thus, is not described in further detail herein.

As described above with reference to the actuators150and250, a user can engage the first portion351of the actuator350to move the actuator350(including the second portion352thereof) through, within, and/or along a slot313defined by the housing310. Thus, the slot313defines a range of motion of the actuator350relative to the housing310, as described above.

The arrangement of the device300is such that moving the actuator350(e.g., the first portion351and the second portion352, collectively) along a length of the housing310advances a portion of the catheter330through the second portion352of the actuator350. In turn, the distal end portion332of the catheter330is moved between the first position and the second position. More specifically, the user can exert a force on the first portion351of the actuator350to move the actuator350relative to the housing310. Accordingly, the second portion352of the actuator350moves within the housing310, which in turn, decreases or increases a distance between the second portion352of the actuator350and the post314of the housing310. In other words, moving the actuator350relative to the housing310decreases or increases a length of the catheter330disposed between the post314and the second portion352of the actuator350, as shown inFIG. 6. In the embodiment shown inFIGS. 5 and 6, the post314can form an anchor or fixation point for a portion of the catheter330such that the post314functions substantially similar to the first port311. Thus, moving the actuator350in a distal direction advances a portion of the catheter330through the second portion352of the actuator350, which in turn, moves the distal end portion332of the catheter330from the first position to the second position, as described in detail above with reference to the devices100and/or200.

Moving the distal end portion332of the catheter330between the first position and the second position transitions the device300from the first configuration (FIG. 5) to the second configuration (FIG. 6). As described above, with the post314functioning in a substantially similar manner as the first port311, the arrangement of the device300is such that moving the actuator350a first distance D5results in the distal end portion332of the catheter330being moved a second distance D6that is substantially twice the first distance D5. In other words, displacement of the distal end portion332of the catheter330is approximately double the displacement of the actuator350. In some instances, such an arrangement can be considered and/or referred to as a “length doubling” and/or “displacement doubling,” described in detail above with reference to the device200.

When accessing a vein or the like via the PIV305, the second distance D6can be sufficient to dispose a distal surface of the catheter330in a desired position relative to a distal surface of the PIV305, as described above with reference to the device200. In this manner, the device300can include the housing310having a compact, limited, and/or reduced length while providing the catheter330with a length sufficient to extend beyond a distal end of a PIV305. Moreover, by including the post314and arranging a portion of the catheter330in a serpentine configuration (e.g., forming two U-bends or the like), the first port311can be disposed on a proximal end portion of the housing310and the second port312can be disposed on a distal end portion of the housing310.

While the post314is described above as being substantially stationary or fixed, in other embodiments, the post314can be formed as and/or can include a rotor or pulley configured to rotate about an axis defined by the post314. In some embodiments, such a pulley can include and/or can act as a clutch, brake, and/or controller that can facilitate and/or resist movement of the catheter330relative to the post314. Moreover, in some embodiments, the post314can be configured to move (e.g., independent of movement of the actuator350) between a locked or unlocked position. For example, in some embodiments, the post314can be moved in a linear motion to clamp, squeeze, and/or constrain a portion of the catheter330between the post314and, for example, an inner surface of the housing310(e.g., a locked position). In this position, the post314can “lock” the catheter330in a fixed position. In some embodiments, the post314can be a coupler or the like configured to physically and/or fluidically couple two portions of the catheter330(e.g., couple the proximal end portion331to the distal end portion332). In this manner, the catheter330can have a first portion with one size, shape, and/or set of characteristics and can have a second portion with a different size, shape, and/or set of characteristics.

FIG. 7is a schematic illustration of a catheter device400according to an embodiment. In some embodiments, the catheter device400(also referred to herein as “device”) can be configured to couple to and/or otherwise engage an access device and/or the like and manipulated to place a portion of a catheter in a desired position within the body. For example, the device400can be coupled to an indwelling peripheral intravenous catheter (PIV)405to transfer bodily fluid from (e.g., aspiration of blood) and/or transfer fluid to (e.g., infusion of a drug or substance) a portion of a patient, as described in further detail herein.

The device400can be any suitable shape, size, and/or configuration. As shown inFIG. 7, the device400includes at least a housing410, a catheter430(or cannula), and an actuator450. In some embodiments, the device400can be substantially similar in form and/or function to the device300described above with reference toFIGS. 5 and 6. For example, the catheter430and the actuator450can be substantially similar in form and/or function to the catheter330and the actuator350, respectively, included in the device300. Thus, such similar portions of the device400are not described in further detail herein.

The housing410can be any suitable configuration. For example, in some embodiments, the housing410can be substantially similar to the housing310described above with reference toFIGS. 5 and 6. As such, the housing410includes a first port411configured to movably receive a proximal end portion431of the catheter430and a second port412configured to movably receive a distal end portion432of the catheter430. The ports411and412can be any suitable configuration such as those described above with reference to the housing310. The housing410also includes a post414disposed within the housing410and configured to engage a portion of the catheter430, as described above with reference to the post314of the housing310. The housing410shown inFIG. 7can differ from the housing310, however, by including a second post415disposed within the housing410and configured to engage a portion of the catheter430within the housing410, as described in further detail herein.

The catheter430of the device400can be any suitable shape, size, and/or configuration. For example, in some embodiments, the catheter430can be substantially similar to the catheter330described above with reference toFIGS. 5 and 6. Thus, portions of the catheter430are not described in further detail herein. At least a portion of the catheter430is movably disposed within the housing410. In some embodiments, the catheter430can be moved (e.g., via movement of the actuator450) between a first position, in which the distal end portion432of the catheter430is disposed within the housing410(FIG. 7), and a second position, in which at least a portion of the catheter430extends through the second port412and the PIV405to place a distal end of the catheter430in a desired position relative to the PIV405(not shown), as described in detail above with reference to the device300.

The actuator450of the device400is movably coupled to the housing410. The actuator450can be any suitable shape, size, and/or configuration. For example, in some embodiments, the actuator450is substantially similar to the actuator350described above with reference toFIGS. 5 and 6. Thus, portions of the actuator are not described in further detail herein. As described above with reference to the actuator350, a user can engage a first portion451of the actuator450to move the actuator450(including a second portion452thereof) through, within, and/or along a slot413defined by the housing410. The arrangement of the device400is such that moving the actuator450(e.g., the first portion451and the second portion452, collectively) along a length of the housing410advances a portion of the catheter430through, along, and/or relative to the second portion452of the actuator450. In turn, the distal end portion432of the catheter430is moved between the first position and the second position, as described in detail above with reference to the device300.

In the embodiment shown inFIG. 7, the posts414and415can be configured to rotate in response to a movement of the catheter430. More particularly, the first post414can be configured to rotate in a first direction (e.g., a clockwise direction) and the second post415can be configured to rotate in a second direction opposite the first direction (e.g., a counterclockwise direction). In some embodiments, each of the posts414and415can be transitioned between at least a first configuration and a second configuration to selectively control movement of the catheter430. For example, the first post414can be configured to rotate only in the first direction (e.g., the clockwise direction) when in the first configuration and the second post415can be configured to rotate only in the second direction (e.g., the counterclockwise direction) when in the first configuration. Thus, when the posts414and415are in the first configuration, the movement of the catheter430from the first position to the second position (e.g., in the distal direction), rotates the posts414and415.

When the posts414and415are in the first configuration, however, each post414and415is substantially prevented from rotating in its associated opposite direction. For example, the first post414can be substantially prevented from rotating in the second direction (e.g., counterclockwise) and the second post415can be substantially prevented from rotating in the first direction (e.g., clockwise). In some instances, this arrangement of the posts414and415is such that movement of the catheter430in the proximal direction (e.g., from the second position toward the first position) is substantially prevented. In other words, by preventing rotation of the posts414and415in their opposite directions, the catheter430can be prevented from being moved in the proximal direction. In some embodiments, this can allow the actuator450to be moved in the proximal direction without a corresponding movement of the catheter430in the proximal direction. Thus, posts414and415and the actuator450can act as a ratcheting mechanism or the like that can allow the actuator450to be moved in the distal direction a number of times (e.g., more than one time) to move the catheter430in a distal direction (e.g., toward the second position). In some instances, such an arrangement can facilitate the insertion and/or advancement of relatively long catheters such as, for example, those used in interventional cardiology and/or the like.

In contrast, a user can transition the posts414and415from the first configuration to the second configuration, in which the posts414and415are configured to rotate in their associated opposite directions. For example, the first post414can be configured to rotate in the second direction (e.g., counterclockwise) and the second post415can be configured to rotate in the first direction (e.g., clockwise). In some embodiments, the posts414and415can be configured to rotate in either direction when in the second configuration. With each post414and415configured to rotate in its opposite direction, the catheter430can be moved in the proximal direction (e.g., from the second position toward the first position). For example, in some embodiments, the user can pull on the proximal end portion431of the catheter430to move the catheter430in the proximal direction. In the embodiment shown inFIG. 7, the port411of the housing410can allow for movement of the catheter430therethrough (e.g., in contrast to the devices100,200, and/or300). Thus, when the posts414and415are in the second configuration, the catheter430can be retracted.

While described as being transitioned between the first configuration and the second configuration, in some embodiments, the posts414and415can be transitioned to a third configuration in which the posts414and415are locked. In other words, rotation of the posts414and415in either direction can be prevented. In this manner, the posts414and415can limit and/or substantially prevent movement of the catheter430in the proximal direction and the distal direction. In some embodiments, the device400can be in the third configuration prior to use (e.g., a storage configuration). Alternatively, the device400can be placed in the third configuration after use such that at least a portion of the catheter430is locked in a fixed position within the housing410. In such instances, disposing, maintaining, and/or locking the portion of the catheter430in the housing410after use can reduce and/or substantially prevent undesirable fluid from exiting the catheter430, which in turn, can reduce the spread of disease, etc.

While the devices100,200,300, and400have been shown and/or described above as being coupled to a PIV, in other embodiments, the devices can be coupled to any suitable access device, introducer, adapter, secondary or intermediate device, etc. For example, in some instances, the second port212of the housing210of the device200can be coupled to and extension set or the like, which in turn, is coupled to an indwelling PIV such as those described herein. The extension set can be, for example, a dual port IV extension set such as a “Y-adapter” or “T-adapter.” In this manner, the terms “Y-adapter” and “T-adapter” generally describe an overall shape of the dual port IV extension set. In other embodiments, an extension set can be a single port IV extension set. In these embodiments, the devices described herein can include a catheter having a length sufficient to extend from the housing of the device, through the extension set or other intermediate device, and through the PIV to position a distal end thereof distal to the PIV. In other embodiments, the devices100,200,300can be coupled to any suitable access device or the like and can be used for any suitable procedure, surgery, etc.

In some instances, the transfer devices described herein can be assembled during one or more manufacturing processes and packaged in a pre-assembled configuration. For example, in some instances, the assembly of the devices200,300, and/or400can be performed in a substantially sterile environment such as, for example, an ethylene oxide environment, or the like. In other embodiments, the transfer devices described herein can be packaged in a non-assembled configuration (e.g., a user can open the package and assemble the components to form the device). The components of the devices can be packaged together or separately. In some embodiments, the devices can be packaged with, for example, a PIV, an extension set, a Y-adapter or T-adapter, and/or any other suitable component.

Any of the devices described herein can be used in any suitable process, procedure, method, and/or the like. For example, in some instances, the devices described herein can be used in a medical procedure, process, and/or method for transferring fluid to or from a patient. Some such procedures can include, for example, aspirating a volume of bodily fluid from a patient via a previously placed or indwelling access device. More particularly, any of the devices described herein can be used to aspirate a volume of blood from a patient via a previously placed or indwelling peripheral intravenous line.

For example,FIG. 8is a flowchart illustrating a method10of using a fluid transfer device according to an embodiment. The fluid transfer device can be similar to or substantially the same as any of the devices100,200,300, and/or400described in detail herein. Accordingly, the fluid transfer device can include a housing, a catheter at least partially disposed within the housing, and an actuator movably coupled to the housing. A first portion of the actuator can be disposed outside of the housing to allow a user to engage the actuator. A second portion of the actuator can be disposed within the housing and movably coupled to and/or otherwise configured to movably receive the catheter.

As shown inFIG. 8, the method10includes coupling the port of the fluid transfer device (or the housing) to a peripheral intravenous line (PIV) at least partially disposed within a vein of a patient, at11. With the device coupled to the PIV (e.g., via the port), the actuator is moved a first distance relative to the housing, at12. More particularly, the actuator can be in a first position relative to the housing (e.g., a proximal position) and can be moved the first distance to a second position relative to the housing (e.g., a distal position). In some embodiments, the actuator can be moved in response to a force exerted by the user on a portion of the actuator disposed outside of the housing. Moreover, in some embodiments, the first distance can be based on a predetermined range of motion of the actuator. For example, as described in detail above with reference to at least the devices200,300, and/or400, the housing can define a slot configured to movably receive a portion of the actuator. In such embodiments, a length of the slot can define a range of motion of the actuator relative to the housing. In other words, the slot can define the first distance.

The method10further includes moving a distal end portion of the catheter a second distance relative to the housing as a result of moving the actuator the first distance, at13. In other words, the arrangement of the device is such that moving the actuator the first distance, in turn, moves the distal end portion of the catheter the second distance. Moreover, as described in detail above with reference to the devices100,200,300, and/or400, the second distance is greater than the first distance. In some embodiments, moving the actuator the first distance is operable to move the distal end portion of the catheter the second distance from a first position, in which the distal end portion of the catheter is disposed in the housing, to a second position, in which the distal end portion of the catheter is distal to the port. In some instances, moving the distal end portion of the catheter the second distance places the distal end portion beyond or distal to the PIV. That is to say, the catheter can extend through the port and the PIV to place the distal end portion of the catheter in a distal position relative to the PIV. In some instances, moving the distal end portion of the catheter the second distance can place the distal end portion of the catheter in a position suitable to transfer fluid to or from the patient. For example, in some instances, a proximal end portion of the catheter can be placed in fluid communication with a fluid reservoir, syringe, and/or container configured to receive a volume of bodily fluid from the patient via the catheter after the distal end portion of the catheter has been moved the second distance, as described in detail above.

While various embodiments have been described above, it should be understood that they have been presented by way of example only, and not limitation. Where schematics and/or embodiments described above indicate certain components arranged in certain orientations or positions, the arrangement of components may be modified. Although various embodiments have been described as having particular features and/or combinations of components, other embodiments are possible having a combination of any features and/or components from any of embodiments as discussed above.

While the embodiments have been particularly shown and described, it will be understood that various changes in form and details may be made. For example, while the second portions252,352, and452of the actuators250,350, and450, respectively, are shown and described above as forming a sleeve, conduit, tube, channel, etc., in other embodiments, a device can include an actuator having any suitable arrangement. For example, in some embodiments, an actuator can include a second portion that is a contoured open surface (e.g., not an enclosed tube or the like). In such embodiments, the contoured open surface can have a sickle-like shape and/or any other suitable shape. In other embodiments, an actuator can include a second portion having a pulley, bearing, pins, rollers, and/or the like configured to move in a linear direction in response to a movement of the actuator as well as to move in a rotational direction as a portion of a catheter is advanced relative to the second portion. In some instances, including an actuator with a second portion configured as a pulley or the like can facilitate movement of the catheter relative thereto. In other embodiments, the second portions252,352, and/or452of the actuators250,350, and/or450, respectively, can include an inner surface having an anti-friction coating or the like configured to facilitate movement of the catheters relative thereto.

Similarly, while the second portions252,352, and452of the actuators250,350, and450, respectively, are described above as being substantially U-shaped or the like, in other embodiments, an actuator can include a second portion having any suitable size, shape, and/or configuration. For example, in some embodiments, the second portion of the actuator can have a relatively small radius of curvature and can have, for example, a V-shape or the like. In other embodiments, the second portion of the actuator can have a W-shape with a center or central portion forming a clutch, brake, choke, etc. (e.g., can have an arrangement similar to the optional arrangement of the post314described above). In other embodiments, the second portion can have any suitable shape that allows for advancement of a portion of the catheter along or relative to the second portion.

As another example, although not shown in the devices100,200,300and/or400, any of the housings included in the embodiments described herein can include one or more internal supports or the like configured to support the catheter within the housing. Such internal supports can be, for example, guides, tracks, rails, springs, sleeves, sponges, pads, etc. configured to selectively engage a portion of the catheter. In this manner, the internal supports can limit and/or substantially prevent undesired deformation and/or deflection of a portion of the catheter as the device is transitioned between the first configuration and the second configuration.

While described as limiting and/or substantially preventing undesired deformation and/or deflection of the catheter, in other embodiments, the catheter can be configured to deflect, bow, bend, and/or reconfigure without kinking and/or permanently deforming. For example, in some instances, a distal end surface of the catheter may impact an obstruction or the like while being advanced from the first position to the second position, which can at least temporarily obstruct and/or prevent further movement of the distal end portion of the catheter. In such instances, if a user continues to exert a force on the actuator otherwise operable to move the catheter toward the second position, an unsupported portion of the catheter within the housing can bend, flex, bow, deflect, and/or otherwise be transitioned from an “unclutched” configuration to a “clutched” configuration. In other words, a portion of the force exerted on the actuator and otherwise operable to advance the catheter toward the second position is operable to deflect, bend, flex, bow, etc. a portion of the catheter within the housing. As such, a force transmitted to and/or through the distal surface of the catheter (e.g., on the obstruction) is reduced, which in turn, can reduce damage to the catheter, an access device through which the catheter is being advanced (e.g., a PIV), a venous structure (e.g., vein wall), and/or the like.

In some embodiments, increasing or decreasing a durometer of the catheter, a length of the catheter, a length of the housing, and/or an amount of support provided, for example, by an internal support member (e.g., a guide, track, rail, spring, pad, post, etc.) can allow for a tuning or adjustment of the amount of deflection (e.g., “clutching”) of the catheter and/or an amount of force transferred through the catheter. In some embodiments, a portion of the catheter can impact and/or contact an inner surface of the housing (e.g., a sidewall) when bowed, flexed, deflected, and/or clutched. In some embodiments, this arrangement can produce a visual, audible, and/or haptic indication that the distal end surface of the catheter has impacted an obstruction. In some embodiments, an internal support member (as described above) such as a pad or the like can be used to “tune” and/or alter for example, an audible and/or haptic output or indication that the distal end surface of the catheter has impacted an obstruction.

While the catheter is described above being deflected, bowed, clutched, etc. in response to impacting an obstruction, in some embodiments, the actuator can be configured to absorb and/or deflect a portion of the force otherwise used to advance the catheter toward the second position. For example, in some embodiments, an actuator such as the actuator250can include a suspension member, device, and/or system disposed between a first portion (e.g., the first portion251) and a second portion (e.g., the second portion252). Such a suspension member, device, and/or system can be a spring, a damper, a strut, a pad, etc. In some instances, for example, the first portion can be configured to move relative to the second portion in response to a force applied to the first portion when the catheter has impacted an obstruction or the like (as described above).

Although not described above with reference to specific embodiments, it should be understood that any of the embodiments described herein can be manipulated to retract a catheter from its second position to its first position. For example, in some instances, after withdrawing a desired volume of bodily fluid through the catheter230of the device200, user can manipulate the device200by moving the actuator250in a proximal direction. As such, a portion of the catheter230is retracted through the second portion252of the actuator250as the actuator250is moved in the proximal direction such that a length of the catheter230disposed within the housing210is increased. In other words, a user can move the actuator250in a distal direction to advance the distal end portion232of the catheter230and can move the actuator in a proximal direction (i.e., an opposite direction) to retract the distal end portion232of the catheter into the housing210(e.g., after use or the like).

Any of the aspects and/or features of the embodiments shown and described herein can be modified to affect the performance of the transfer device. For example, radius of curvature of the second portion252of the actuator250can be increased or decreased to facilitate movement of the catheter230therethrough. In other embodiments, the length of the housing210can be increased or decreased to accommodate the catheter230having an increased or decreased length, respectively. By way of another example, any of the components of the transfer devices100,200,300, and/or400can be formed from any suitable material that can result in a desired hardness, durometer, and/or stiffness of that component.

Where methods and/or schematics described above indicate certain events and/or flow patterns occurring in certain order, the ordering of certain events and/or flow patterns may be modified. Additionally, certain events may be performed concurrently in parallel processes when possible, as well as performed sequentially.