Systems and methods to monitor a rotating component

A method is presented. The method includes selecting a first window of signals and a second window of signals from clearance signals representative of clearances between a rotating component and a stationary casing surrounding the rotating component, determining a first signed average power value corresponding to the first window of signals, and a second signed average power value corresponding to the second window of signals, determining a resultant value based upon the first signed average power value and the second signed average power value, and determining one or more defects or potential defects in the rotating component based upon the resultant value.

BACKGROUND

Rotating machinery, such as gas and steam turbines, are used in many applications. Typically, gas turbines and steam turbines include rotors. A rotor includes a plurality of blades and a shaft. In some examples, the movement of a fluid may induce rotation of the plurality of blades resulting in rotation of the shaft. Alternatively, rotation of the shaft may induce rotation of the plurality of blades resulting in movement of the fluid.

Typically a rotor of a turbine in a turbine engine includes a shroud assembly formed out of mutually engaged shrouds. A typical shroud is a block or a plate that is formed and/or mounted on a tip of a blade, and is configured to mutually engage with a substantially identical shroud mounted on an adjacent blade. Multiple shrouds mounted on the tips of a plurality of blades mutually engage with one another to form an annular rotating component around the plurality of blades. The annular rotating component in one example is the shroud assembly. During operation of the plurality of blades, the shroud assembly also rotates with the blades.

A portion of the shroud assembly or one or more shrouds in the shroud assembly may get damaged due to metal fatigue, or other reasons. The damage may result in gaps in the shroud assembly. For example, a piece of the shroud assembly may fall off and/or shift out of alignment, a portion of the shroud assembly may deflect in an undesirable way, and/or other types of undesirable effects may occur. While conventional systems exist to monitor clearance between the shroud assembly and an outer casing surrounding the shroud assembly, such monitoring systems do not account for damages and defects in the shroud assembly.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION

A method is presented. The method includes selecting a first window of signals and a second window of signals from clearance signals representative of clearances between a rotating component and a stationary casing surrounding the rotating component, determining a first signed average power value corresponding to the first window of signals, and a second signed average power value corresponding to the second window of signals, determining a resultant value based upon the first signed average power value and the second signed average power value, and determining one or more defects or potential defects in the rotating component based upon the resultant value.

Furthermore, another method is presented. The method includes selecting a first window of signals and a second window of signals from clearance signals representative of clearances between a rotating component and a stationary casing surrounding the rotating component, determining a first signed average power value corresponding to the first window of signals, and a second signed average power value corresponding to the second window of signals, determining a first resultant value based upon the first signed average power value and the second signed average power value, iteratively shifting the first window of signals and the second window of signals to determine subsequent first signed average power values and subsequent second signed average power values, determining a plurality of subsequent resultant values based upon the subsequent first signed average power values and the subsequent second signed average power values, generating a resultant value signal based upon the first resultant value and the plurality of subsequent resultant values, and determining one or more defects or potential defects in the rotating component based upon the resultant value signal.

A system is presented. The system includes a processing subsystem that selects a first window of signals and a second window of signals from clearance signals representative of clearances between a rotating component and a stationary casing surrounding the rotating component, determine a first signed average power value corresponding to the first window of signals, and a second signed average power value corresponding to the second window of signals, determine a resultant value based upon the first signed average power value and the second signed average power value, and determine one or more defects or potential defects in the rotating component based upon the resultant value.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

When introducing elements of various embodiments of the present invention, the articles “a,” “an,” “the,” and “said” are intended to mean that there are one or more of the elements. The terms “comprising,” “including,” and “having” are intended to be inclusive and mean that there may be additional elements other than the listed elements. As used herein, the term “and/or” includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

The present systems and methods determine one or more defects, potential defects in a rotating component of a turbine, and/or potential failures of the turbine. The rotating component, for example, may be a shroud assembly. As used herein, the term “shroud assembly” is used to refer to a substantially continuous annular body formed by mutually engaged blocks or plates, wherein the blocks or plates are mounted on the tips of blades or buckets of a rotor. For example, each blade tip may bear a block or a plate configured to engage and/or interlock with adjacent, substantially identical blocks or plates of adjacent blades. The engaged and/or interlocked blocks or plates typically form an uneven external surface of the shroud assembly.

As used herein, the term “rotor” means a component of a machine configured to rotate relative to another component of the machine. For example, a rotor may include a plurality of blades or buckets mounted on a hub or a shaft. Each blade has an airfoil cross-section, and the hub or shaft is mounted for rotation relative to a housing or another part of a machine in which the rotor is used, as might be found in a turbo machine. Fluid passing over the blades may induce rotation of the hub or shaft, and rotation of the hub or shaft may induce motion and/or compression and/or expansion of a fluid in which the blades are immersed.

As described in detail hereinafter, the present systems and methods provide a monitoring system that monitors a rotating component to detect one or more defects or potential defects in the rotating component. The monitoring in one example establishes thresholds for the clearance signals and can assess whether the rotating components are due for maintenance before a failure. As used herein, monitoring for defects refers to processing to monitor the health of the rotating components, detecting defects and predicting potential failures via prognostics. The monitoring system, for example, may include one or more sensors that generate clearance signals representative of clearances between the rotating component and a stationary casing surrounding the rotating component. The rotating component, for example, is a shroud assembly. The clearance signals are received and processed by a processing subsystem to determine one or more defects or potential defects in the rotating component. The processing subsystem determines a dynamic threshold based upon the clearance signals. Furthermore, the processing subsystem determines the one or more defects or the potential defects in the rotating component based upon the dynamic threshold and the clearance signals.

FIG. 1is a diagrammatic illustration of a system10to monitor one or more defects, potential defects in a rotating component, or system failures, in accordance with one embodiment of the present techniques. The system10includes a rotor12. In the presently contemplated configuration, the rotor12is a component of a turbine (not shown) in a gas turbine (not shown). It is noted that whileFIG. 1shall be explained with reference to the rotor12that is a component of the turbine (not shown), the presently contemplated embodiments should not be restricted to the turbine.

As shown inFIG. 1, the rotor12includes a shaft14and a plurality of blades or buckets16(hereinafter referred to as blade/s). It is noted that while in this embodiment, the rotor12shown to include eight blades16; the rotor12may include any number of blades. The blades16are mounted on the shaft14. As shown in FIG.1, the blades16among other blades (not referred to by reference numerals) include blades18,20,22. The tips of the blades16mount a plurality of shrouds24. Each of the shrouds24, for example, may be a block or a plate mounted on the tip of a respective blade in the blades16. In the presently contemplated configuration, the plurality of shrouds24among other shrouds (not referred to by reference numerals) include shrouds26,28,30. For example, the tip of the blade18mounts the shroud26, the tip of the blade20mounts the shroud28, and the tip of the blade22mounts the shroud30. Each of the shrouds24including the shrouds26,28,30has a front end and a back end. For example, the shroud26has a front end32, and a back end34.

The front end of each of the shrouds24including the shrouds26,28,30is configured or manufactured to engage with a back end of a substantially similar other shroud mounted on another adjacent blade in the blades16. Similarly, the back end of each of the shrouds24including the shrouds26,28,30is configured or manufactured to engage with a front end of a substantially similar other shroud mounted on an adjacent blade. For example, the front end32of the shroud26is engaged with a back end36of the shroud28. Similarly, the back end34of the shroud26is engaged with a front end38of the shroud30. Accordingly, the shrouds24including the shrouds26,28,30mutually engage to form a shroud assembly40.

As shown inFIG. 1, the shroud assembly40is an annular body formed by the mutually engaged shrouds24including the shrouds26,28,30. In operation, the shroud assembly40rotates with the blades16. Therefore, in the presently contemplated configuration the shroud assembly40is a rotating component40. However, the term “rotating component” should not be restricted to a shroud assembly.

The rotating component40is enclosed or surrounded by a stationary casing42. The stationary casing42is stationary with respect to ground. Accordingly, the stationary casing42does not rotate. In the presently contemplated configuration, the stationary casing42is an annular body that surrounds the rotating component40. Furthermore, the rotating component40and the stationary casing42are separated by a gap or a distance.

The system10further includes one or more sensing devices44,46. The sensing device44,46, for example, may be a laser probe, a radar probe, a microwave probe, a clearance probe, a variable reluctance probe, an eddy current probe, an ultrasonic probe, a dynamic pressure probe, or the like. A number of sensing devices used in the system10may depend upon the sensitivity expected from the system10, and several other factors. The sensing devices44,46are mounted on the stationary casing42. In the presently contemplated configuration, the sensing devices44,46are mounted on the internal surface of the stationary casing42. The sensing devices44,46, for example, face the outer surface of the rotating component40. In the presently contemplated configuration, the sensing devices44,46are mounted at an angular distance of 90 degrees. The sensing devices44,46generate raw signals48,50representative of clearances between the rotating component40and the stationary casing42. Particularly, the sensing device44generates the signals48, and the sensing device46generates the signals50.

In one embodiment, the raw signals48,50are representative of clearances between a lower tip of each of the sensing devices44,46and an external surface of the rotating component40. For example, the signals48are representative of clearance d between the lower tip of the sensing device44and the external surface of the rotating component40. It is noted that when the sizes of the sensing devices44,46are negligible, the raw signals48,50are representative of clearances between the rotating component40and the stationary casing42. Particularly, when the sizes of the sensing devices44,46are negligible, the raw signals48,50are representative of the clearances between the external surface of the rotating component40and the internal surface of the stationary casing42. Hereinafter, the phrase “clearances between a rotating component and a stationary casing” shall include “clearances between a lower tip of a sensing device (the sensing device is mounted on a stationary casing surrounding a rotating component) and an external surface of the rotating component.”

The system10further includes a processing subsystem52that is operationally coupled to the sensing devices44,46. In one embodiment, the processing subsystem52, for example, may be in wireless or wired communication with the sensing devices44,46. The processing subsystem52receives the raw signals48,50from the sensing devices44,46. Furthermore, the processing subsystem52processes the raw signals48,50to remove noise from the raw signals48,50. Furthermore, the processing subsystem52processes the raw signals48,50to determine the defects or the potential defects in the rotating component40. The defects or the potential defects, for example, may include one or more bends in the rotating component40or liberation of a piece of the rotating component40. In one embodiment, the defect or potential defect may include liberation of a piece of one of the shrouds24,26,28,30.

The processing subsystem52processes the raw signals48,50to remove noise from the raw signals48,50to generate processed signals (not shown). Furthermore, the processing subsystem52selects a first window of signals and a second window of signals from the raw signals48,50. The second window of signals is a subset of the first window of signals. Furthermore, the first window of signals is wider with respect to the second window of signals. Hereinafter, the term “first window of signals” shall be referred to as “wider window of signals”. Hereinafter, the term “second window of signals” shall be referred to as “narrower window of signals”. Subsequently, the processing subsystem52determines a first signed average power value corresponding to the wider window of signals, and a second signed average power value corresponding to the narrower window of signals. The processing subsystem52determines a resultant value based upon the first signed average power value and the second signed average power value. Additionally, the processing subsystem52determines the defects in the rotating component40based upon the resultant value. The determination of the one or more defects or the potential defects in the rotating component shall be explained in greater detail with reference toFIG. 2andFIG. 3.

FIG. 2is a flow chart that illustrates an exemplary method200for determination of one or more defects or potential defects in a rotating component, in accordance with certain aspects of the present techniques. At202, raw signals204representative of clearances between the rotating component and a stationary casing are generated. The raw signals204, for example, may be the raw signals48,50. The raw signals204, for example, may be generated by the sensing devices44,46(seeFIG. 1). The rotating component, for example, may be the rotating component40. The stationary casing, for example, may be the stationary casing42.

At206, the raw signals204are received by a processing subsystem. The processing subsystem, for example, may the processing subsystem52(seeFIG. 1). Furthermore, at208, initial signals210may be generated by applying a time synchronous averaging technique on the raw signals204. The application of the time synchronous averaging technique on the raw signals204removes or averages out asynchronous noise from the raw signals204to generate the initial signals210. The initial signals210are representative of the clearances between the rotating component and the stationary casing. Subsequently at212, secondary signals214may be generated by applying one or more filtering techniques on the initial signals210. The one or more filtering techniques, for example, include a Savitzky-Golay smoothing filter, a Moving average filter, a Weighted moving average filter, a Mean filter, a Median filter, a Weiner filter, a Kalman filter, or the like. The one or more filtering techniques may include other smoothing techniques. The application of the one or more filtering techniques removes noise from the initial signals210to generate the secondary signals214. The secondary signals214are again representative of the clearances between the rotating component and the stationary casing.

In this embodiment, at216, at least one dynamic threshold is generated based upon the secondary signals214. In one embodiment, the dynamic threshold is generated by determining a median absolute deviation of the secondary signals214. The dynamic threshold, for example, may be determined using the following equation:
DTi=Medianj(Xj)±3×1.4826(Mediani(|Xi−Medianj(Xj)|)  (1)
wherein DTiis dynamic threshold at a time stamp i, Xiis a data point from the secondary signals214, or the initial signals210or the raw signals204generated at the time stamp i, Xj represents a plurality of data points from the secondary signal214, or the initial signals210or the raw signals204generated during a time period j, wherein j includes the time stamp i. It is noted that in the presently contemplated configuration, the dynamic threshold is generated using the raw signals204, initial signals210, or secondary signals214that are used for detection of the defects in the rotating component. Accordingly, in this example the dynamic threshold is not generated using historical signals or data.

At218, the defects or the potential defects in the rotating component, or potential system failures are determined. In one embodiment, the defects or the potential defects in the rotating component are determined based upon the dynamic threshold and the secondary signals214. For example, when the secondary signals214intersect the dynamic threshold, one or more defects in the rotating component may be determined. In another embodiment, the defects or the potential defects may be determined based upon the initial signals210and the dynamic threshold. For example, when the initial signals210intersect the dynamic threshold, one or more defects in the rotating component may be determined. In still another embodiment, the defects or the potential defects may be determined based upon the dynamic threshold and the raw signals204. For example, when the raw signals204intersect the dynamic threshold, one or more defects or potential defects in the rotating component may be determined. The determination of the one or more defects or potential defects in the rotating component in accordance with one embodiment is shown with reference toFIG. 3.

FIG. 3is a flow chart that illustrates an exemplary method300for determination of one or more defects or potential defects in a rotating component, or potential system failures, in accordance with one embodiment of the present techniques. In one embodiment,FIG. 3explains the determining of one or more defects or the potential defects218ofFIG. 2in greater detail. The process commences with clearance signals302, and dynamic threshold304. The clearance signals302, for example may be the raw signals48,50(seeFIG. 1), or the raw signals204(seeFIG. 2) representative of the clearances between the rotating component and the stationary casing. In one embodiment, the clearance signals302may be the initial signals210(seeFIG. 2). In still another embodiment, the clearance signals302may be the secondary signals214(seeFIG. 2). The dynamic threshold304, for example, may be the dynamic threshold generated at step216inFIG. 2.

At306, a first window of signals and a second window of signals may be selected from the clearance signals302. The first window of signals and the second window of signals, for example are subsets of the clearance signals302. The first window of signals, for example, is wider than the second window of signals. Accordingly, the length or time period of the first window of signals is wider with respect to the length or time period of the second window of signals. Hereinafter, the term “first window of signals” shall be referred to as “wider window of signals.” Hereinafter, the term “second window of signals” shall be referred to as “narrower window of signals.” The narrower window of signals, for example, is a subset of the wider window of signals. In one embodiment, the wider window of signals is representative of a subset of the clearances between the rotating component and the stationary casing during a determined number of rotations of the rotating component. In another embodiment, the wider window of signals is representative of a subset of the clearances between the rotating component and the stationary casing during a single rotation of the rotating component. The wider window of signals, for example may include clearance data that has a length equal to length of data of one rotation of the rotating component. It is noted that a key phasor signal or another similar signal may be used to detect completion of a rotation of the rotating component. Furthermore, the narrower window of signals is representative of a subset of the clearances between a portion of the circumference of the rotating component and the stationary casing. The portion of the circumference of the rotating component, for example, may be equal to the tip length of a blade in a plurality of blades covered by the rotating component. It is noted that while in the presently contemplated configuration, a single narrower window of signals is selected; in certain embodiments, a plurality of narrower windows of signals may be selected. In one embodiment, wherein the narrower windows of signals are selected, one or more of the narrower windows of signals are subsets of the wider window of signals.

Furthermore, at308, a first signed average power value corresponding to the wider window of signals is determined. The first signed average power value is determined based upon the wider window of signals. At310a second signed average power value corresponding to the narrower window of signals is determined. The second signed average power value is determined based upon the narrower window of signals. The first signed average power value and the second signed average power value, for example, may be determined using the following equation:
Signed Average Power=Avg.(sign(v(t))*v2(t)))  (2)
wherein v(t) is representative of instantaneous voltage value of the wider window of signals or the narrower window of signals. It is noted that when the plurality of narrower windows of signals are selected, a plurality of second signed average power values are determined.

At312, a resultant value is determined. In one embodiment the resultant value is determined based upon the first signed average power value and the second signed average power value. The resultant value, for example, is determined by subtracting the first signed average power value from the second signed average power value, or vice versa. The resultant value, for example, may be determined using the following equation:
Resultant Value=Avg.(sign(v(t)|w1)*v2(t)|w1−Avg.(sign(v(t)|w2)*v2(t)|w2(3)
wherein v(t)|w1represents instantaneous voltage values for wider window of signals, and v(t)|w2represents instantaneous voltage values for narrower window of signals. It is noted that when the plurality of second signed average power values are determined, a plurality of resultant values based upon the first signed average power value and the plurality of second signed average power values are determined.

Subsequently at314, one or more defects or potential defects in the rotating component, or potential system failures are determined. In one embodiment, the defects or potential defects are determined based upon the resultant value. For example, when the resultant value is around zero, it may be determined that there are no defects in the rotating component. In another embodiment, the defects may be determined based upon the resultant value and the dynamic threshold304. For example, when the dynamic threshold304intersects or passes through the resultant value, it may be determined that there are one or more defects in the rotating component.

FIG. 4(a)is a graphical representation400of a simulated signal402representative of clearances between a shroud assembly and a stationary casing surrounding the shroud assembly. The signal402is similar to the raw signals48,50referred to inFIG. 1, and the raw signal204referred to inFIG. 2. X-axis404of the graph400represents time stamp, and Y-axis406of the graph400represents voltage of the signal402. The signal402includes noise. Therefore, a time synchronous averaging technique is applied on the signal402to generate an initial signal408shown inFIG. 4(b).

FIG. 4(b)is a graphical representation410of the initial signal408representative of clearances between the shroud assembly and the stationary casing surrounding the shroud assembly. As is evident from the initial signal408, the initial signal408has less noise in comparison to the signal402. Furthermore, a Savitzky-Golay-Filter is applied on the initial signal408to generate a secondary signal412shown inFIG. 4(c). The initial signal408, for example, may be the initial signals210(seeFIG. 2).

FIG. 4(c)is a graphical representation414of the secondary signal412representative of clearances between the shroud assembly and the stationary casing surrounding the shroud assembly. The secondary signal412, for example, is similar to the secondary signal214referred to inFIG. 2. X-axis416of the secondary signal412represents time stamp, and Y-axis418of the secondary signal412represents voltage of the secondary signal412. In the presently contemplated configuration, a first window of signals420(hereinafter referred to as a wider window of signals) is selected. Particularly, a subset of the secondary signals412having a time period length T1is selected. The time period length T1, for example, is equal to a length of clearance signals generated during a rotation of the rotating component. Furthermore, a second window of signals422(hereinafter referred to as a narrower window of signals) is selected. Particularly, a subset of the secondary signals412having a time period length T2is selected. As shown inFIG. 4(c), the time period length T2is less than the time period length T1. Accordingly, the time period length T1of the wider window of signals420is greater than the time period length T2of the narrower window of the signals422. As is shown inFIG. 4(c), the narrower window of signals422is a subset of the wider window of signals420. A first signed average power value corresponding to the wider window of signals420is determined, and a second signed average power value corresponding to the narrower window of signals422is determined. In the presently contemplated configuration, a first resultant value (not shown) is determined based upon the first signed average power value and the second signed average power value.

Furthermore, the wider window of signals420is shifted/moved by a determined time period T3. For ease of understanding the shifted wider window of signals is referred to by the reference numeral424. In this embodiment, the shifting or movement of the wider window of signals420includes selection of a different subset of signals having a time period length similar to a time period length of a previous wider window of signals. For example, the time period length of the wider window of signals420and the shifted wider window of signals424is T1. Furthermore, the narrower window of signals422is shifted/moved by the time period T3. For ease of understanding, the shifted narrower window of signals is referred to by the reference numeral426. A subsequent first signed average power value corresponding to the shifted wider window of signals424and a subsequent second signed average power value corresponding to the shifted narrower window of signals426is determined. Furthermore, a subsequent resultant value is determined based upon the subsequent first signed average power value corresponding to the shifted wider window of signals424and the subsequent second signed average power value corresponding to the shifted narrower window of signals426.

Subsequently, the shifted wider window of signals424and the shifted narrower window of signals426are repeatedly shifted. The process of shifting wider window of signals and narrower window of signals is repeated multiple times to determine subsequent first signed average power values corresponding to shifted wider windows of signals and subsequent second signed average power values corresponding to shifted narrower windows of signals. Furthermore, subsequent resultant values corresponding to the shifted wider windows of signals and the shifted narrower windows of signals are determined. The subsequent resultant values, for example are determined based upon the subsequent first signed average power values and the subsequent second signed average power values. A subsequent resultant value is determined based upon respective subsequent first signed average power value and a respective subsequent second signed average power value. The subsequent resultant values, including the first resultant value, for example, are mapped on a graph to generate a resultant value signal426. The resultant value signal426that is generated using the first resultant value and the subsequent resultant values is shown inFIG. 4(d).

Referring now toFIG. 4(d), a graphical representation428of the resultant value signal426is shown. X-axis430of the graph428is representative of time stamp, and Y-axis432of the graph428is representative of power of the resultant value signal426. Furthermore, reference numeral434is representative of a dynamic threshold. In the presently contemplated configuration, the dynamic threshold434is generated by determining a median absolute deviation of the resultant value signal426. As shown inFIG. 4(d), the dynamic threshold434intersects the resultant value signal426at a first point436, and a second point438, therefore, one or more defects or potential defects in the rotating component, or potential system failures may be defined.

FIG. 5(a)andFIG. 5(b)is a flow chart that illustrates an exemplary method500for determination of one or more defects or potential defects in a rotating component, or potential system failures, in accordance with another embodiment of the present techniques. In one embodiment,FIG. 5explains the determining of the one or more defects or the potential defects218ofFIG. 2in greater detail. Clearance signals502, for example may be the raw signals204representative of clearances between the rotating component and the stationary casing (seeFIG. 2). In one embodiment, the clearance signals502may be the initial signals210(seeFIG. 2). In still another embodiment, the clearance signals502may be the secondary signals214(seeFIG. 2). In still another embodiment, the clearance signals502may be the clearance signals302(seeFIG. 3, or the raw signals48,50(seeFIG. 2).

At504, a first window of signals and a second window of signals may be selected from the clearance signals502. At506, a first signed average power value corresponding to the first window of signals and a second signed average power value corresponding to the second window of signals are determined. Subsequently at508, a first resultant value based upon the first signed average power value corresponding to the first window of signals and the second signed average power value corresponding to the second window of signals is determined. As previously noted, the first resultant value is determined by subtracting the second signed average power value corresponding to the second window of signals from the first signed average power value corresponding to the first window of signals. At510, the first resultant value is added to a resultant value list512. Furthermore, at514, a check is carried out to determine whether the first window of signals and the second window of signals have been shifted/moved for a determined number of times. At514, when it is determined that the first window of signals and the second window of signals have not been shifted for the determined number of times, the control is transferred516. At516, the first window of signals and the second window of signals are shifted by a determined time period. The first window of signals and the second window of signals, for example may be shifted in a similar manner as is described with reference toFIG. 4(c).

At518, a subsequent first signed average power value corresponding to the shifted first window of signals, and a subsequent second signed average power value corresponding to the shifted second window of signals may be determined. Subsequently at520, a subsequent resultant value based upon the subsequent first signed average power value corresponding to the shifted first window of signals and the subsequent second signed average power value corresponding to the shifted second window of signals are determined. Subsequently at510, the subsequent resultant value is added to the resultant value list512. Further, the control is transferred to the514. Again at514, a check is carried out to determine whether the first window of signals and the second window of signals have been shifted for the determined number of times. Accordingly,516-520and510are iterated the determined number of times till the first window of signals and the second window of signals have been shifted for the determined number of times. Accordingly due to multiple iterations of the516-520and510, the resultant value list512includes multiple resultant values including the first resultant value and the subsequent resultant value.

At514, when it is determined that the first window of signals and the second window of signals have been shifted for the determined number of times, the control is transferred522. Referring now toFIG. 5(b), at522, a resultant value signal is generated using the resultant value list512. Particularly, the resultant value signal is generated by using the multiple resultant values in the resultant value list512. The resultant value signal, for example, is similar to the resultant value signal426shown inFIG. 4(d). Subsequently at524, the defects or the potential defects in the rotating component, or system failures may be determined based upon the resultant value signal and a dynamic threshold526. In the presently contemplated configuration, the dynamic threshold526, for example, is generated by determining a median absolute deviation of the resultant value signal. In certain embodiments, the dynamic threshold526, may be generated by determining a median absolute deviation of the clearance signals502. The dynamic threshold526, for example may be similar to the dynamic threshold434(seeFIG. 4(d)or the dynamic threshold generated at216inFIG. 2. It is noted that whileFIG. 5(a)andFIG. 5(b)show the exemplary method500wherein the method ends at524, however, the method500may be continuously executed during operation of the rotating component. Accordingly, the method500may be continuously executed to monitor the one or more defects, the potential defects in the rotating component or system failures in real-time.