An improved asphalt emulsion composition comprises between about 10 and about 33% by weight gilsonite and between about 66 and about 90% by weight asphalt preferably having a penetration below 100, and preferably below about 75 dmm at 77.degree. F, a small amount of emulsifying agent, and water with the ratio of asphalt phase:water being between about 1:1 and 2:1 by weight, respectively.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
In my co-pending application, there is disclosed a gilsonite containing 
asphalt emulsion composition in which the asphalt used is a cutback rapid 
curing liquid asphalt utilizing naphtha. The compositions exhibit 
unexpected skid resistant properties in a surface paving composition. The 
present invention is directed to a similar asphalt emulsion composition 
having superior properties for slow traffic areas where skid resistance is 
not so critical, for example, parking lots, driveways and the like. The 
major distinction of the composition from that described in my previous 
application is the use of a penetration grade asphalt which has not been 
cutback, and preferably one which has a relatively low penetration as will 
be more particularly pointed out hereinafter.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION 
The asphalt emulsion composition of the invention comprises utilizing a 
non-cutback asphalt or penetration grade asphalt mixed with gilsonite to 
produce an asphalt composition which is then emulsified. The asphalt is 
one preferably having a low penetration although higher penetration 
asphalts may be used with the addition of more gilsonite. Penetration 
grade asphalts are those which have a penetration of between about 40 and 
about 300 dmm at 77.degree. F (25.degree. C), 100 g/5 sec. However, 
preferably, the asphalt has a penetration of below 100 dmm and more 
preferably below about 75 dmm. Most preferred asphalt have penetrations of 
40-70 and it will be recognized that such compositions are relatively 
hard. It is for this reason that these low penetration asphalt have not 
been used in preparing emulsions unless compounded as cutbacks. 
As previously noted, the asphalt and gilsonite are mixed to form an asphalt 
phase which is then emulsified to form the final composition. However, in 
order to mix the gilsonite and asphalt, both must be independently heated 
to a temperature above about 300.degree. F and then thoroughly mixed at 
the elevated temperature. The gilsonite and asphalt may be mixed to 
achieve a 10-33% by weight gilsonite in the mixture. Preferably, where 
asphalt penetrations are below about 100 dmm, the ratio of 
asphalt:gilsonite is between about 6:1 and about 10:1. However, for some 
compositions, the asphalt:gilsonite ratio may be around 4:1 and even 3:1. 
However, at the lower ratios, i.e., greater gilsonite concentrations, 
costs factors become important and unless asphalt penetrations are 
relatively high, i.e., greater than 100, the greater gilsonite portions 
are not usually desirable. Accordingly, it is preferred that where asphalt 
penetrations in the preferred compositions of less than 100 dmm are used, 
the gilsonite ratios will be as previously noted, i.e., between about 10:1 
and about 6:1, and most preferably about 9:1 by weight. 
Following thorough mixing of hot asphalt and gilsonite to form the asphalt 
phase, it is added to the aqueous phase which comprises water and a small 
amount of suitable cationic emulsifying agent, preferably between about 
0.1 and about 2% by weight. The amount of water used is one to achieve a 
final composition asphalt phase:water of between about 1:1 and 2:1 by 
weight, respectively. Again, it will be understood that the asphalt phase 
includes the gilsonite which has been prepared as previously described. 
The emulsifier used is a cationic emulsifier preferably selected from the 
group consisting of quaternary ammonium halides, amine acetate salts and 
alkyl-substituted imidazolines. Quaternary ammonium halides are preferably 
the chloride salts of the general formula 
##STR1## 
where R' group is a long alkyl chain, of between, for example, 12 and 24 
carbon atoms and the remaining R groups are shorter alkyl or benzyl 
radical in order to impart oil solubility. The X moiety is a halide, 
preferably chloride or bromide, although other salts such as hydroxide, 
nitrate, sulfate, acetate and the like may be used. Examples of 
emulsifiers within this group are as follows: 
cetyltrimethylammonium bromide, 
cetyldimethylethylammonium bromide, 
n-dodecyltrimethylammonium chloride, 
n-dodecyltrimethylammonium hydroxide, 
n-tetradecyltrimethylammonium chloride, 
n-octadecyltri-n-butylammonium nitrate, 
n-hexadecyltrimethylammonium chloride, 
n-tetracosyltrimethylammonium acetate, 
n-docosylpropyldimethylammonium chloride, 
n-tetradecyl-n-heptyldimethylammonium chloride, 
n-heptadecyldipropylmethylammonium chloride, 
n-hexadecylethyldimethylammonium chloride, 
n-pentadecylbenzyldiethylammonium fluoride, 
n-nonadecyldiethylmethylammonium sulphate, 
p-diisobutylbenzyltrimethylammonium chloride. 
Commercially available compositions of this type include, for example, 
Hyamine 2389 (methyldodecylbenzyltrimethylammonium chloride), Aliquat 26 
(monotallowtrimethylammonium chloride) or Emcol-11, an N-alkylbenzyl N, N, 
N - trimethyl ammonium chloride with the alkyl group averaging 12 carbon 
atoms, "Arquad T" and "Arquad S", C.sub.14 - C.sub.18 trimethyl ammonium 
chlorides with the alkyl groups of tallow and soybean oils, respectively. 
The amine acetate salt emulsifying agents are the primary aliphatic amine 
acetate salts sold under the trademark "Armac". These amines are derived 
from primary, secondary or tertiary amines in which the aliphatic groups 
are alkyl groups ranging from about 8 to about 18 carbon atoms. 
Another preferred group of cationic emulsifiers are the alkyl-substituted 
imidazolines, wherein one of the alkyl groups has between 12 and 24 carbon 
atoms and the other substituted alkyl groups have between 1 and 4 carbon 
atoms. Examples of these emulsifying agents are: 
1-(2-aminoethyl)-2(4-tetradecenyl)-4,5-di-n-butyl-2-imidazoline, 
1-(2-aminoethyl)-2-n-octadecyl-4-ethyl-2-imidazoline, 
1-(2-aminoethyl)-2-n-eicosyl-2-imidazoline, 
1-(-2-aminoethyl)-2-(12-heptadecenyl)-2-imidazoline, and 
1-(2-aminoethyl)-2-(5,7-heptadecadienyl)-2-imidazoline 
Commercial products of this type are "Nalcamines" and "Nalquats" such as 
Nalcamine CAE, a mixture of 1-(2-aminoethyl)-2-n-aliphatic-2-imidazolines 
where the aliphatic groups are heptadecenyl and heptadecadienyl. Other 
cationic emulsifiers may be used such as salts of primary aliphatic amines 
sold as "Armeens". 
Preferably, the aqueous phase will have a pH of between about 4 and about 6 
and preferably between about 4 and 5.5. This may be prepared by adding a 
sufficient amount of acid, preferably HCl. The acid may be added with the 
cationic emulsifier, or preferably after the emulsifier has been dissolved 
in the water. The gilsonite containing asphalt phase and water phase are 
then simply blended until thoroughly mixed. Preferably, the two phases are 
heated somewhat prior to mixing and blending in order to further assist 
the emulsion preparation. For example, the oil phase may be heated above 
about 200.degree. F and up to, for example, 280.degree. F. At the same 
time, the aqueous emulsifier composition may be heated up above about 
150.degree. and, for example, up to about 200.degree. F. The two phases 
are then blended until substantial homogeniety is obtained. 
EXAMPLE 
The following composition was prepared to illustrate the emulsion of the 
invention. Unless otherwise specified, parts are by weight. 
One part gilsonite and nine parts asphalt of a 60/70 penetration (dmm) were 
each separately heated to 300.degree. F. At that temperature, the products 
were liquefied and were then thoroughly blended while being maintained at 
the 300.degree. temperature until substantial homogeniety was obtained. 
Thereafter, the mixture was blended with water to yield a asphalt 
phase:water ratio of 2:1, the water containing cationic emulsifier Armak 
E-5 dodecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride in a concentration of 1% by weight 
of the total composition. The composition was blended and allowed to cool. 
It was easily applied as a sealer for asphalt pavements and was found to 
set within 2 hours at 60.degree. F after which time it was no longer tacky 
and was available for traffic use. Because of the rapid set emulsion, the 
composition is also useful for roofing applications as well as others that 
will be evident to those skilled in the art. The composition is easy to 
handle, non flammable, and because of its rapid set qualities makes it 
highly advantageous over other sealing and coating asphalt compositions 
known heretofore.