In a construction material comprising a flexible carrier substrate impregnated or coated with a water-hardening resin, the resin contains as an additive polyether polysiloxane polyurethanes of the formula ##STR1## in which R.sup.1 is lower alkyl, PA0 m is the average number of siloxane groups in the range from 5 to 25, PA0 R is ##STR2## in which X is lower alkylene, PA1 Y is an aliphatic, cycloaliphatic, aromatic or araliphatic moiety, which is unsubstituted or substituted by further ##STR3## Z is a polyether moiety based on ethylene oxide units propylene oxide units, or both with the average number of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide units being in the range fro 10 to 100 and PA1 R.sup.2 is lower alkyl.

The invention relates to water-hardening polymer preparations for 
construction materials, in particular for medical support dressings or 
industrial devices, which contain as additives polyether polysiloxane 
polyurethanes, a process for their preparation and their use. 
The construction materials according to the invention generally consist of 
a carrier layer which is coated and/or impregnated with a water-hardening 
polymer preparation. 
The construction materials according to the invention can in general be 
used for stiffening, shaping and sealing in the medical or industrial 
sector. In the medical sector they are preferably used as a gypsum 
substitute. 
However, the construction materials according to the invention can also be 
used for the production of containers, filters, pipes, for joining 
construction elements, for manufacture of decorative or artistic articles, 
for stiffening purposes or as a filler or sealing material for joints and 
hollow spaces. 
Construction materials which consist of a flexible carrier coated and/or 
impregnated with a water-hardening reactive resin are already known. An 
example which may be mentioned is DE-A-2,357,931, which describes 
construction materials of flexible carriers such as knitted fabrics, woven 
fabrics or non-wovens, which are coated or impregnated with 
water-hardening reactive resins, such as isocyanates or prepolymers 
modified by isocyanate groups. 
The water-hardening polymer preparations which are known from 
DE-A-2,357,931 and the later subsequent developments have the disadvantage 
that they have poor modelling properties, in particular during the 
hardening phase since they then develop a high tackiness. 
EP-A-0,221,669 attempts to solve this problem by adding lubricants. The 
sheet-like structures, for example orthopaedic bandages, described in 
EP-A-0,221,669 consist of a carrier coated with a water-hardening polymer 
preparation which is coated with a lubricant on most of its surface. The 
lubricants are compounds containing hydrophilic groups which are bonded 
covalently to the polymer, or they are additives which are incompatible 
with the polymer. The amount of lubricant chosen is such that a kinetic 
friction coefficient of the coated sheet-like structures of less than 1.2 
is obtained. The sheet-like structures thus treated have a low tackiness. 
Among the incompatible, immiscible additives used are also polysiloxanes 
(page 8, line 28 to page 10, line 8). 
To reduce the kinetic friction coefficient of the known materials 
significantly (for example to less than 1.2), it is necessary that a 
lubricant be present which has a hydrophilic groups which are bound to the 
polymer and/or contains an additive such as, for example, the 
polysiloxanes mentioned, which are immiscible with the polymer 
preparation, that is to say they must be applied separately. 
Water-hardening polymer preparations for construction materials have been 
found which contain as additives polymer modifiers of the type of the 
polyether polysiloxane polyurethanes of the formula 
##STR4## 
in which R.sup.1 stands for lower alkyl, 
m stands for the average number of siloxane groups in the range from 5 to 
25, 
R stands for the radical 
##STR5## 
in which X stands for a lower alkylene radical, 
Y stands for an aliphatic, cycloaliphatic, aromatic or araliphatic radical, 
Z stands for a polyether radical having ethylene oxide and/or propylene 
oxide groups, the average number of ethylene oxide and/or propylene oxide 
groups being in the range from 5 to 150 and 
R.sup.2 stands for lower alkyl, 
it being possible for Y to be substituted by further 
##STR6## 
in which Z and R.sup.2 have the abovementioned meaning. 
The additives according to the invention are compatible with the polymer 
preparations and are completely miscible with them. They have a very high 
storage stability and do not separate into components even after storage 
for more than 12 months. 
The advantage of the systems according to the invention is that they can be 
admixed as early as during the preparation of the reactive resins, which 
saves one processing step in comparison with known materials. 
The preparations are easy to model during the hardening period, but they 
are not as slippery during the processing phase as the compounds of EP-A 
221,669, where the lubricant is applied as a separate layer. The 
preparations according to the invention develop their good modelling 
properties only after they are wetted with water, which makes for 
convenient processing. The kinetic friction coefficient is then also less 
than 1.2, which demonstrates low tackiness. 
In the context of the present invention the substituents of the polyether 
polysiloxane polyurethanes can in general have the following meaning: 
In general, lower alkyl can denote a straight-chain or branched hydrocarbon 
radical having 1 to about 6 carbon atoms. Examples are methyl, ethyl, 
propyl, isopropyl, butyl, isobutyl, pentyl, isopentyl, hexyl and isohexyl. 
Preference is given to methyl and ethyl. Particular preference is given to 
methyl. 
In general, lower alkylene can denote a divalent, straight-chain or 
branched hydrocarbon radical having 1 to about 6 carbon atoms. Examples 
are methylene, ethylene, propylene, isopropylene, butylene, isobutylene, 
pentylene, isopentylene, hexylene and isohexylene. Preference is given to 
methylene, ethylene and propylene. 
In general, an aliphatic radical can stand for a straight-chain or branched 
aliphatic hydrocarbon radical having 2 to 18, preferably 6 to 12, carbon 
atoms. Examples are the following radicals: 
--(CH.sub.2).sub.6 -- 
--(CH.sub.2).sub.12 -- 
Preference is given to --(CH.sub.2).sub.6 --. 
In general, a cycloaliphatic radical can be a cycloaliphatic hydrocarbon 
radical having 4 to 15, preferably 5 to 10, carbon atoms. Examples are the 
following cycloaliphatic hydrocarbon radicals: 
##STR7## 
Preference is given to: 
##STR8## 
In general, an aromatic radical can be an aromatic hydrocarbon radical 
having 6 to 15, preferably 6 to 13, carbon atoms. Examples of aromatic 
radicals are: phenyl, naphthyl and biphenyl. Phenyl is preferred. 
In general, an araliphatic radical can be an araliphatic hydrocarbon 
radical having 8 to 15, preferably 8 to 13, carbon atoms. Examples of 
araliphatic radicals are: benzyl, 
##STR9## 
Preference is given to: 
##STR10## 
The aliphatic, cycloaliphatic, aromatic and araliphatic radicals (Y) 
mentioned can, if desired, be substituted by further, preferably by two, 
particularly preferably by one, further substituents of the formula 
##STR11## 
Specifically, examples of radicals for Y are those which are derived from 
the following low-molecular-weight polyisocyanates: 
Suitable low-molecular-weight polyisocyanates of this type are, for 
example, hexamethylene diisocyanate, 1,12-dodecane diisocyanate, 
cyclobutane 1,3-diisocyanate, cyclohexane 1,3- and 1,4-diisocyanate and 
also any desired mixtures of these isomers, 
1-isocyanato-3,3,5-trimethyl-5-isocyanatomethylcyclohexane, 2,4- and 
2,6-hexahydrotoluylene diisocyanate and also any desired mixtures of these 
isomers, hexahydro-1,3- and/or -1,4-phenylene diisocyanate, perhydro-2,4'- 
and/or -4,4'-diphenylmethane diisocyanate, 1,3- and 1,4-phenylene 
diisocyanate, 2,4- and 2,6-toluylene diisocyanate and also any desired 
mixtures of these isomers, diphenyl methane 2,4'- and/or 
4,4'-diisocyanate, naphthylene 1,5-diisocyanate, triphenylmethane 
4,4',4"-triisocyanate or polyphenylpolymethylene polyisocyanates, such as 
are obtained by aniline-formaldehyde condensation followed by 
phosgenation. 
Suitable higher-molecular-weight polyisocyanates are modification products 
of such simple polyisocyanates, that is polyisocyanates having, for 
example, isocyanurate, carbodiimide, allophanate, biuret or uretdione 
structural units, such as can be prepared by processes of the prior art 
which are known per se from the simple polyisocyanates of the above 
mentioned general formula which have been mentioned as examples. 
Particularly preferred polyisocyanate components according to the invention 
are the industrial polyisocyanates which are customary in polyurethane 
chemistry, that is hexamethylene diisocyanate, 2,4- and 2,6-toluylene 
diisocyanate, 1-isocyanato-3,3,5-trimethyl-5-isocyanatomethyl cyclohexane 
(isophorone diisocyanate, abbreviated: IPDI), 
4,4'-diisocyanatodicyclohexylmethane, 4,4'-diisocyanatodiphenylmethane, 
mixtures thereof with the corresponding 2,4' and 2,2' isomers, 
polyisocyanate mixtures of the diphenylmethane series such as can be 
obtained by phosgenation of aniline/formaldehyde condensates in a manner 
known per se, the modification products of these industrial 
polyisocyanates which have biuret or isocyanurate groups and also any 
desired mixtures of such polyisocyanates. Isocyanates having aromatically 
bound NCO groups are preferred according to the invention. A 
polyisocyanate component particularly preferred according to the invention 
is 2,4- and 2,6-toluylene diisocyanate and/or mixtures of both isomers. 
In general, the polyether radical (Z) consists of ethylene oxide groups 
and/or propylene oxide groups. Preferably, it consists of ethylene oxide 
groups and propylene oxide groups. The average total number of ethylene 
oxide groups and propylene groups is usually in the range from about 5 to 
about 150, preferably from 10 to 100. In the preferred case where the 
polyether radical consists of ethylene oxide groups and propylene oxide 
groups, the weight ratio of ethylene oxide to propylene oxide is in 
general 10:90% to 80:20%, preferably 20:80% to 75:25%. 
The ethylene oxide groups and propylene oxide groups can be arranged 
randomly, alternately or in blocks. Preference is given to a random 
distribution. 
Preferably, the water-hardening polymer preparations according to the 
invention can contain as additives polyether polysiloxane polyurethanes of 
the formula (I) in which 
R.sup.1 stands for methyl or ethyl, 
m stands for the average number of siloxane groups in the range from 5 to 
25, 
R stands for the radical 
##STR12## 
in which X stands for alkylene (C.sub.1 to C.sub.4), 
Y stands for an aliphatic hydrocarbon radical having 2 to 18 carbon atoms, 
a cycloaliphatic hydrocarbon radical having 4 to 15 carbon atoms, an 
aromatic hydrocarbon radical having 6 to 15 carbon atoms or an araliphatic 
hydrocarbon radical having 8 to 15 carbon atoms, 
Z stands for a polyether radical having ethylene oxide groups and propylene 
oxide groups, the average number of ethylene oxide groups and propylene 
oxide groups being in the range from 10 to 100, and 
R.sup.2 stands for alkyl (C.sub.1 to C.sub.4), 
the weight ratio of ethylene oxide groups to propylene oxide groups being 
10:90% to 80:20%, and it being possible for 
Y to be substituted by 1 or 2 further 
##STR13## 
in which Z and R.sup.2 have the abovementioned meaning. 
Particularly preferably, the water-hardening polymer preparations according 
to the invention can contain as additives polyether polysiloxane 
polyurethanes of the formula (I) 
in which 
R.sup.1 stands for methyl or ethyl, 
m stands for the average number of siloxane groups in the range from 5 to 
25, 
R stands for the radical 
##STR14## 
in which X stands for alkylene (C.sub.1 to C.sub.4) 
Y stands for an aliphatic hydrocarbon radical having 6 to 10 carbon atoms, 
a cycloaliphatic hydrocarbon radical having 5 to 10 carbon atoms, an 
aromatic hydrocarbon radical having 6 to 13 carbon atoms or an araliphatic 
hydrocarbon radical having 8 to 13 carbon atoms, 
Z stands for a polyether radical having ethylene oxide groups and propylene 
oxide groups, the average number of ethylene oxide groups and propylene 
oxide groups being in the range from 10 to 100 
R.sup.2 stands for the alkyl (C.sub.1 to C.sub.4), 
the weight ratio of ethylene oxide groups to propylene oxide groups being 
10:90% to 80:20%, and it being possible for 
Y to be substituted by a further 
##STR15## 
in which Z and R.sup.2 have the abovementioned meaning. 
The group of polyether polysiloxane polyurethane used as additives is known 
per se (DE-A 2,558,523, U.S. Pat. No. 4,096,162); they are used as 
stabilizers for polyurethane foams. 
The polyether polysiloxane polyurethanes can be prepared by reacting in the 
isocyanate OCN-Y-NCO with a monohydroxy functional polyether HO-Z-R.sup.2 
and then reacting the reaction product OCN--Y--NH--CO--O--Z--R.sup.2 with 
a bishydroxy-alkyldialkylpolysiloxane 
##STR16## 
in which X, Y, Z, R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and m have the abovementioned meaning. 
The water-hardening polymer preparations according to the invention in 
general contain 0.1 to 10% by weight, preferably 0.5 to 8% by weight, of 
polyether polysiloxane polyurethanes, based on the polymer resin, the 
intention being that the kinetic friction coefficient is smaller by 0.5 or 
more, than that without the presence of the appropriate additives. 
It is, of course, possible for the water-hardening polymer preparations 
according to the invention to contain as additives more than one of the 
said polyether polysiloxane polyurethanes according to the invention. 
Preferably, the water-hardening polymer preparations are resins based on 
polyurethane or polyvinyl resin. Polyisocyanates or prepolymers having 
tree isocyanate groups (polyurethanes) are particularly preferred. 
According to the invention, suitable water-hardening polyisocyanates and 
polyurethanes are all organic polyisocyanates known per se, that is any 
desired compounds or mixtures of compounds which contain at least two 
organically bound isocyanate groups per molecule. These include not only 
low-molecular-weight polyisocyanates having a molecular weight under 400 
but also modification products of such low-molecular-weight 
polyisocyanates having a molecular weight which can be calculated from the 
functionality and the proportion of functional groups, for example of 400 
to 10,000, preferably 600 to 8,000, and in particular 800 to 5,000. 
Suitable examples of low-molecular-weight polyisocyanates are those of the 
formula 
EQU Q(NCO).sub.n, 
in which 
n is 2 to 4, preferably 2 to 3, and 
Q denotes an aliphatic hydrocarbon radical having 2 to 18, preferably 6 to 
10 C atoms, a cycloaliphatic hydrocarbon radical having 4 to 15, 
preferably 5 to 10 C atoms, an aromatic hydrocarbon radical having 6 to 
15, preferably 6 to 13, C atoms, or an araliphatic hydrocarbon radical 
having 8 to 15, preferably 8 to 13, C atoms. 
Suitable low-molecular-weight polyisocyanates of this type are, for 
example, hexamethylene diisocyanate, 1,12-dodecane diisocyanate, 
cyclobutane 1,3-diisocyanate, cyclohexane 1,3- and 1,4-diisocyanate and 
also any desired mixtures of these isomers, 
1-isocyanato-3,3,5-trimethyl-5-isocyanatomethylcyclohexane, 2,4- and 
2,6-hexahydrotoluylene diisocyanate and also any desired mixtures of these 
isomers, hexahydro-1,3- and/or -1,4-phenylene diisocyanate, perhydro-2,4'- 
and/or -4,4'-diphenylmethane diisocyanate, 1,3- and 1,4-phenylene 
diisocyanate, 2,4- and 2,6-toluylene diisocyanate and also any desired 
mixtures of these isomers, diphenyl methane 2,4'- and/or 
-4,4'-diisocyanate, naphthylene 1,5-diisocyanate, triphenylmethane 
4,4',4"-triisocyanate or polyphenyl-polymethylene polyisocyanates, such as 
are obtained by aniline/formaldehyde condensation followed by 
phosgenation. 
Suitable higher-molecular-weight polyisocyanates are modification products 
of such simple polyisocyanates, that is polyisocyanates having, for 
example, isocyanurate, carbodiimide, allophanate, biuret or uretdione 
structural units, such as can be prepared by processes of the prior art 
which are known per se from the simple polyisocyanates of the 
abovementioned general formula which have been mentioned as examples. 
Among the higher-molecular-weight, modified polyisocyanates, in particular 
the prepolymers, known from polyurethane chemistry and having terminal 
isocyanate groups of the molecular weight range of 400 to 10,000, 
preferably 600 to 8,000, and in particular 800 to 5,000 are of interest. 
These compounds are prepared in a manner known per se by reaction of 
excess amounts of simple polyisocyanates of the type mentioned as examples 
with organic compounds having at least two groups which are reactive 
towards isocyanate groups, in particular organic polyhydroxyl compounds. 
Suitable polyhydroxyl compounds of this type are not only simple 
polyhydric alcohols such as, for example, ethylene glycol, 
trimethylolpropane, propanediol-1,2 or butanediol-1,2, but in particular 
higher-molecular-weight polyether polyols and/or polyester polyols of the 
type known per se from polyurethane chemistry and having molecular weights 
of 600 to 8,000, preferably 800 to 4,000, and which have at least two, as 
a rule 2 to 8, but preferably 2 to 4 primary and/or secondary hydroxyl 
groups. It is, of course, also possible to use those NCO prepolymers which 
have been obtained, for example, from low-molecular-weight polyisocyanates 
of the type mentioned as examples and less preferred compounds having 
groups which are reactive towards isocyanate groups such as, for example, 
polythioether polyols, polyacetals having hydroxyl groups, polyhydroxy 
polycarbonates, polyesteramides having hydroxyl groups or copolymers of 
olefinically unsaturated compounds having hydroxyl groups. Compounds 
having groups which are reactive towards isocyanate groups, in particular 
hydroxyl groups, and which are suitable for preparing the NCO prepolymers 
are, for example, those compounds which have been disclosed as examples in 
U.S. Pat. No. 4,218,543, column 7, line 29 to column 9, line 25. To 
prepare the NCO prepolymers, these compounds having groups which are 
reactive towards isocyanate groups are reacted with simple polyisocyanates 
of the type mentioned above as examples while maintaining an NCO/OH 
equivalent ratio of &gt;1. In general, the NCO prepolymers have an NCO 
content of 2.5 to 30, preferably 6 to 25% by weight. From this it 
immediately follows that in the context of the present invention "NCO 
prepolymers" or "prepolymers having terminal isocyanate groups" are to be 
understood as meaning not only the reaction products as such but also 
their mixtures with excess amounts of unconverted starting 
polyisocyanates, which are often also called "semiprepolymers". 
Particularly preferred polyisocyanate components according to the invention 
are the industrial polyisocyanates which are customary in polyurethane 
chemistry, that is hexamethylene diisocyanate, 
1-isocyanato-3,3,5-trimethyl-5-isocyanatomethylcyclohexane (isophorone 
diisocyanate, abbreviated: IPDI), 4,4'-diisocyanatodicyclohexylmethane, 
4,4'-diisocyanatodiphenylmethane, mixtures thereof with the corresponding 
2,4' and 2,2' isomers, polyisocyanate mixtures of the diphenylmethane 
series such as can be obtained by phosgenation of aniline/formaldehyde 
condensates in a manner known per se, the modification products of these 
industrial polyisocyanates which have biuret or isocyanurate groups and, 
in particular, NCO prepolymers of the type mentioned which, on the one 
hand, are based on these industrial polyisocyanates and, on the other 
hand, the simple polyols mentioned as examples and/or polyether polyols 
and/or polyester polyols, and also any desired mixtures of such 
polyisocyanates. Isocyanates having aromatically bound NCO groups are 
preferred according to the invention. A polyisocyanate component 
particularly preferred according to the invention is partially 
carbodiimidized diisocyanatodiphenylmethane which, as a result of the 
addition of monomeric diisocyanate to the carbodiimide structure, also has 
uretonimine groups. 
The water-hardening polyurethanes can contain catalysts which are known per 
se. These catalysts can be, in particular, tert. amines which catalyze the 
isocyanate/water reaction and not a self-reaction (trimerization, 
allophanatization) (DE-A 2,357,931). Examples which may be mentioned are 
polyethers containing tert. amines (DE-A 2,651,089), low-molecular-weight 
tert. amines such as 
##STR17## 
or dimorpholine diethyl ether or bis-(2,6-dimethylmorpholino)diethyl ether 
(WO 86/01397). The proportion of catalyst, based on tert. nitrogen, is in 
general 0.05 to 0.5% by weight, based on the polymer resin. 
Water-hardening polyvinyl resins can be, for example, vinyl compounds which 
consist of a hydrophilic prepolymer having more than one polymerizable 
vinyl group in which a solid, insoluble vinyl redox catalyst is 
incorporated, one component of which is surrounded by a water-soluble or 
water-permeable sheath. Such a redox catalyst is, for example, sodium 
bisulphite/copper(II) sulphate, in which, for example, copper sulphate is 
encapsulated by poly-2-hydroxyethyl methylacrylate. 
Polyvinyl resins are described, for example, in EP-A-0,136,021. 
The water-hardening polymer preparations can contain additives known per se 
such as, for example, flow-control agents, thixotropic agents, antifoams 
and other known lubricants. 
Furthermore, the synthetic resins can be coloured or, if desired, contain 
UV stabilizers. 
Examples of additives which may be mentioned are: polydimethylsiloxanes, 
calcium silicates of the aerosil type, polywaxes (polyethylene glycols), 
UV stabilizers of the ionol type (DE-A 2,921,163), coloured pigments such 
as soot, iron oxides, titanium dioxide or phthalocyanines. 
The additives which are, in particular, suitable for polyurethane 
prepolymers are described in Kunststoff Handbuch (Handbook of Plastics), 
volume 7, Polyurethanes, pages 100 to 109 (1983). They are generally added 
in an amount of 0.5 to 5% (based on the resin). 
Carrier materials can be solid or porous films or else foams made of 
natural or synthetic materials (for example polyurethane), primarily 
air-permeable, flexible sheet-like structures based on textiles, 
preferably having a basis weight of 20 to 1,000 g/m.sup.2, in particular 
of 30 to 500 g/m.sup.2. Examples of sheet-like structures are: 
Carrier material 
1. Textile woven fabrics and knitted fabrics having a basis weight of 20 to 
400 g/m.sup.2, preferably 40 to 250 g/m.sup.2, 25 to 100 courses per 10 
cm, preferably 30 to 75 courses per 10 cm and 30 to 90 wales per 10 cm, 
preferably 40 to 80 wales per 10 cm. The textile woven fabric or knitted 
fabric can be made of any desired natural or synthetic yarns. Preferably, 
yarns are used which consist of cotton, polyester, polyacrylate, polyamide 
or elastane fibres or of mixtures of the abovementioned. Particular 
preference is given to textile carriers made of the abovementioned yarns 
which have an elongation in the longitudinal direction of 10 to 100% 
and/or in the transverse direction of 20 to 300%. 
2. Glass fibre woven fabrics or knitted fabrics having a basis weight of 60 
to 500 g/m.sup.2, preferably 100 to 400 g/m.sup.2, made of glass fibre 
yarns having an E modulus of 7,000 to 9,000 (daN/mm.sup.2), and a number 
of threads of 3 to 10, preferably 5 to 7 in the longitudinal direction and 
a number of threads of 3 to 10, preferably 4 to 6, in the transverse 
direction per centimetre of glass fibre woven fabric and which have a 
longitudinal elasticity of 10 to 30% by virtue of a particular type of 
heat treatment are preferred. The knitted fabrics can be both sized and 
unsized. 
3. Non-bonded or bonded or needled fibre webs based on inorganic and, 
preferably, organic fibres having a basis weight of 30 to 400 g/m.sup.2, 
preferably 50 to 200 g/m.sup.2. 
For the production of construction materials according to the invention in 
the form of shells or splints, fibre webs having basis weights up to 1,000 
g/m.sup.2 are also possible. Carrier materials which are suitable 
according to the invention are, for example, also described in U.S. Pat. 
No. 4,134,397, U.S. Pat. No. 3,686,725, U.S. Pat. No. 3,882,857, 
DE-A-3,211,634 and EP-A-61,642. 
In the construction materials according to the invention, the carrier 
material is coated and/or impregnated with an amount of 25 to 80% by 
weight, preferably of 30 to 75% by weight, of water-hardening polymer 
preparation, based on the entire material. 
A process for the preparation of water-hardening polymer preparations for 
construction materials has also been found, characterized in that a 
water-hardening reactive resin is mixed with a polyether polysiloxane 
polyurethane additive of the formula 
##STR18## 
in which R.sup.1 stands for lower alkyl 
m stands for the average number of siloxane groups in the range from 5 to 
25, 
R stands for the radical 
##STR19## 
in which X stands for a lower alkylene radical, 
Y stands for an aliphatic, cycloaliphatic, aromatic or araliphatic radical, 
Z stands for a polyether radical having ethylene oxide and/or propylene 
oxide groups, the average number of ethylene oxide and/or propylene oxide 
groups being in the range from 5 to 150 and 
R.sup.2 stands for lower alkyl, it being possible for 
Y to be substituted by further 
##STR20## 
in which Z and R.sup.2 have the abovementioned meaning, catalysts and 
further auxiliaries and additives are added and the mixture is then 
distributed homogeneously over the surface of the carrier material. 
The process according to the invention is carried out in the absence of 
moisture. Preferably, it is carried out at a relative humidity of &lt;2% (at 
21.degree. C.), particularly preferably at &lt;1% (at 21.degree. C.). 
For the coating or impregnation, the polymer preparation can be dissolved 
in an inert solvent which is again evaporated after the coating process. 
Inert solvents can be for example chlorinated hydrocarbons such as 
methylene chloride, trichloroethane or chloroform, ketones such as acetone 
and methyl ethyl ketone, esters such as ethyl acetate and butyl acetate, 
aromatics such as toluene, xylene or appropriate derivatized types having 
no hydrogen activatable with a Zerewitinoff reagent. 
The construction materials according to the invention can be prepared, for 
example, as follows: 
In general, the carrier material is run over a roll and impregnated with 
the polymer preparation in the absence or presence of a solvent. 
Immediately after the coating or impregnating step, the material is wound 
up in the desired length (as a rule, 2 to 11 m) on suitable centres and 
sealed in an air- and water-tight film (for example made of plastic 
aluminium laminate) or in other completely tight containers, such as are 
described in DE-A-2,357,931, DE-A-2,651,089 and DE-A-3,033,569. 
Immediately before use, the material is removed from the package and 
wrapped around the relevant object or applied in some other way. 
For hardening, the preparations according to the invention are brought into 
contact with water, or, if desired, merely with air moisture. 
As a rule, the hardening process is short (about 3 to 15 minutes). During 
this time, the preparations according to the invention have surprisingly 
good modelling properties. They hardly show any tackiness and their 
kinetic friction coefficient is in general less than 1.0. 
The polymer modifications according to the invention, which significantly 
facilitate the processing of the coated carrier material, do not affect 
the range of properties of the hardened construction materials with 
respect to hardness, elongation at break and interlayer cohesion.

EXAMPLE 1 
Preparation of the Reactive Resin Additive According to the Invention 
An apparatus consisting of a three-neck flask equipped with stirrer, 
dropping funnel and reflux condenser in 250 ml of absolute methylene 
chloride is charged initially with 94.2 g of toluylene 2,4-and 
2,6-diisocyanate mixture in an isomer ratio of 80:20 
1200 g of a monofunctional polyether, initiated with n-butanol and having a 
mixed block consisting of 15% of propylene oxide and 65% of ethylene oxide 
and a terminal block consisting of 20% of ethylene oxide (average 
molecular weight: 2440 g/mol), are slowly added dropwise to the initial 
charge which is kept under reflux. After the addition is completed, 
heating under reflux is continued for half an hour. 
153 g of a polydimethylsiloxane having a bishydroxymethyl function and an 
average molecular weight of 566 g/mol are then added, and the reaction 
mixture is heated under reflux for another 2 hours. The entire reaction 
mixture is worked up by removing the solvent in a rotary evaporator and 
can now be used as an additive. 
EXAMPLE 2 
Preparation of a Water-Hardening Reactive Resin According to the Invention 
(Using the Additive According to the Invention) 
A 10-l sulphonation vessel equipped with a stainless-steel horseshoe 
stirrer is charged with 6.48 kg of isocyanate 
(bis-(4-isocyanatophenyl)methane, which contains carbodiimidized portions 
[NCO content=29%]). 7.8 g of a polydimethyl siloxane having .eta.=30,000 
mPas and 4.9 g of benzoyl chloride and then 1.932 kg of a polyether 
prepared by propoxylation of propylene glycol (OH number=112 mg of KOH/g), 
1.29 kg of a polyether prepared by propylation of propylene glycol (OH 
number=250 mg of KOH/g) and 190 g of dimorpholinodiethyl ether are then 
added. After 30 minutes, the reaction temperature reaches 45.degree. C., 
after 1 hour a maximum temperature of 56.degree. C. is reached and the 
isocyanate content is 14.2%. 500 g of the additive described in Example 1, 
are then added to the reaction mixture and the mixture is stirred until it 
is homogeneous. The final isocyanate content is 13.2% and the viscosity is 
19,950 mPa.s. 
EXAMPLE 3 
Preparation of a Water-Hardening Reactive Resin (Comparative Example 
Without Additive) 
An apparatus analogous to Example 2 is charged with 6.48 kg of isocyanate 
(bis(4-isocyanatophenyl) urethane, which contains carbodiimidized portions 
[NCO content=29%]). 7.8 g of a polydimethyl siloxane having .eta..sub.25 
=30,000 mPa.s. and 4.9 g of benzoyl chloride and of propylene glycol (OH 
number=112 mg of KOH/g), 1.29 kg of a polyether prepared by propoxylation 
of glycerol/OH number=250 mg of KOH/g) and 190 g of dimorpholinodiethyl 
ether are then added. After 30 minutes, the reaction temperature reaches 
42.degree. C., after 1 hour the maximum temperature of 48.degree. C. is 
reached and the isocyanate content is 13.6%. The viscosity is 17,800 
mPa.s. 
EXAMPLE 4 
Preparation of a Water-Hardening Reactive Resin According to the Invention 
(Using the Additive According to the Invention) 
A 10-l sulphonation vessel equipped with a stainless-steel horseshoe 
stirrer is charged with 6.5 kg of isocyanate (bis-(4-isocyanatophenyl) 
methane, which contains carbodiimidized portions (NCO content 29%) and the 
mixture is initially heated to about 50.degree. C. 150 g of a UV 
stabilizer (a cyanoalkylindole derivative) are added and the mixture is 
stirred until the entire solid is dissolved. After cooling to room 
temperature, 3.5 kg of propoxylated triethanolamine (OH number=150 mg of 
KOH/g) are added over a period of 10 minutes. After a brief increase in 
temperature to 55.degree. C. after 55 minutes, the temperature drops again 
and the isocyanate content reaches 13.4% after 2 hours. After 534.2 g of 
the additive described in Example 1 have been added the reaction mixture 
is stirred until it is homogeneous, and its viscosity is 19,056 mPa.s 
(25.degree. C.). 
EXAMPLE 5 
Preparation of a Water-Hardening Reactive Resin (Comparative Example 
Without Additive) 
A 10 l sulphonation vessel with stainless-steel horseshoe stirrer is 
charged with 6.5 kg of isocyanate (bis-(4-isocyanatophenyl) methane, which 
contains carbodiimidized portions [NCO content=29%]), and the mixture is 
initially heated to about 50.degree. C. 150 g of a UV stabilizer (a 
cyanoalkylindole derivative) are added and the mixture is stirred until 
the entire solid is dissolved. After cooling to room temperature, 3.5 kg 
of propoxylated triethanolamine (OH number=150 mg of KOH/g) are added over 
a period of 10 minutes. After a brief increase in temperature to 
55.degree. C. after 55 minutes, the temperature drops again and the 
isocyanate content reaches 13.4% after 2 hours. The isocyanate content of 
the finished prepolymer is 12.7%, and the viscosity is 14,640 mPa.s 
(25.degree. C.). 
EXAMPLE 6 
Preparation of Test Dressings Using the Reactive Resins of Examples 2-5 
6a) A glass fibre mixture (width 10.0 cm, basis weight about 290 
g/m.sup.2), which has an elongation in the longitudinal direction of about 
65% (a detailed description of this knitted fabric can be found in U.S. 
Pat. No. 4,609,578), is coated with 80% by weight (based on the knitted 
fabric) of the resin from Example 2. The coating is carried out in an 
atmosphere whose relative humidity is characterized by a water dew point 
of less than -20.degree. C. The resin is homogeneously applied to the 
knitted fabric using a suitable roll impregnation apparatus. A suitable 
apparatus is described in detail in U.S. Pat. No. 4,427,002. After 
coating, 3.66 m of this band are wound on a plastic centre, 1 cm in 
diameter, and sealed in a water vapour-impermeable film. 
6b) Analogously to Example (6a), the glass fibre knitted fabric is coated 
with 80% by weight (based on the knitted fabric) of the resin from Example 
3 and packed. 
6c) Analogously to Example (6a), the glass fibre knitted fabric is coated 
with 70% by weight (based on the knitted fabric) of the resin from Example 
4 and packed. 
6d) Analogously to Example (6a), the glass fibre knitted fabric is coated 
with 70% by weight (based on the knitted fabric) of the resin with Example 
5 and packed. 
6e) Analogously to Example (6a), a polyester knitted fabric (width 10.0 cm, 
basis weight 118 g/m.sup.2), which has an elongation of about 55% in the 
longitudinal direction and an elongation of about 90% in the transverse 
direction and has a textured polyester polyfilament yarn (167 dtex, f 
30.times.1) in the wale and a high-tenacity polyester polyfilament yarn 
(550 dtex, f 96, standard shrinkage) in the course, is coated with 150% by 
weight (based on the knitted fabric) of the resin from Example 2 and 
packed. 
6f) Analogously to Example (6a), the polyester knitted fabric described in 
Example (6e) is coated with 150% by weight (based on the knitted fabric) 
of the resin from Example 2 and packed. 
EXAMPLE 7 
Determination of the Kinetic Friction Coefficient of the Coated Carrier 
Materials 6a to 6f 
In complete analogy to EP 221,669, the kinetic friction coefficient was 
determined in accordance with the ASTm D-1894 test using an apparatus from 
Instron Corp. (Instron Coefficient of Friction Fixture; Catalogue No. 
2810-005) and the stainless-steel carriage described in EP-A 221,669, page 
13. 
The test dressings were removed from the package after 1 month and readied 
and measured as described in EP-A 221,669, page 14, 15. The force 
measurement was carried out using a ZWICK Universal Testing Machine, type 
1484. 
______________________________________ 
Kinetic friction coefficient 
______________________________________ 
Comparative samples: 
Scotchcast .RTM. 2.0 
(without lubricant, see 
EP 221,669, page 17) 
Scotchcast .RTM. Plus 
0.3 
(with lubricant, ethylene 
oxide in reactive resin, 
4.7% of polydimethylsiloxane 
addition) 
Examples (according to 
the invention) 
6a 0.8 
6b 1.5 
6c 0.7 
6d 1.6 
6e 0.3 
6f 0.8 
______________________________________