Network-assisted channel selection and power control for mobile devices

Facilitation of a network assisted device-decided system can increase throughput of D2D devices and the link reliability of macrocells. In a network assisted device-decided system a macrocell can broadcast resource allocation data to D2D devices. The D2D devices can then select channels and adjust transmission power to offload traffic from the macrocell, thus creating a high spectrum efficiency with low power.

TECHNICAL FIELD

This disclosure relates generally to network-assisted channel selection and power control for multi-pair device-to-device communications in a heterogeneous network.

BACKGROUND

Device-to-device (D2D) communication is a low-power capacity enhancement technique, which can improve spectrum efficiency and also offload traffic from a macro-eNB network. D2D communication can provide enhanced system capacity with low power for ubiquitous broadband wireless applications. Although D2D communication can take place without the assistance of a macro-eNB, D2D devices and existing macro cell systems can concurrently reuse an available spectrum.

However, within a macro/femto/D2D heterogeneous network, a multi-tier interference problem can arise. Aggregated interference from multiple D2D communication pairs can interfere with the macro-User Equipment's (UE) signal. When femtocells adaptively allocate channels and transmission power for femto-UEs, different D2D devices can experience various femto-to-device interference strength. Furthermore, the femto-to-device interference strength can also be time varying.

The aforementioned presents challenges in resource allocation for macro/femto/D2D heterogeneous networks because the macro-eNB is unaware of the interference situation of each D2D device. Therefore a system to jointly allocate the channels and adjust power for multiple D2D devices in a macro/femto/D2D heterogeneous network can achieve reduced device-to-macro interference, reduced control signaling, and increased D2D throughput.

The above-described background relating to network-assisted channel selection and power control for multi-pair device-to-device communications is merely intended to provide a contextual overview of some current issues, and is not intended to be exhaustive. Other contextual information may become further apparent upon review of the following detailed description.

SUMMARY

The following presents a simplified summary of the various embodiments of the subject disclosure in order to provide a basic understanding of some aspects described herein. This summary is not an extensive overview of the disclosed subject matter. It is intended to neither identify key or critical elements of the disclosed subject matter nor delineate the scope of the subject various embodiments of the subject disclosure. Its sole purpose is to present some concepts of the disclosed subject matter in a simplified form as a prelude to the more detailed description that is presented later.

An embodiment of the presently disclosed subject matter can be in the form of a method. The method can include a method for sending preferred sub-channel data representing a set of preferred sub-channels enabling connection of the device to a network device of a network; and receiving resource allocation instruction data comprising power data representing an allowable transmission power of each preferred sub-channel. The method can select at least one preferred sub-channel from the set of preferred sub-channels to increase a data throughput of the device, wherein the selecting comprises determining the at least one preferred sub-channel at least in part based on information received from the network device. Furthermore, the method can select a transmission power of the device in accordance with the corresponding at least one preferred sub-channel.

According to another embodiment, of the presently disclosed subject matter can be in the form of an apparatus. The apparatus can initiate sending of preferred network channel data representing a set of preferred network channels of the apparatus used to connect to a set of network devices of a network; and receiving resource allocation instruction data comprising power data representing an allowable transmission power of the apparatus. The apparatus can select a network channel of the apparatus, from the set of preferred network channels, to increase a data throughput of the apparatus, wherein the selecting comprises determining the network channel, at least in part, based on information received from a network device of the set of network devices. The apparatus can also select a transmission power of the apparatus in accordance with the resource allocation instruction data, wherein the selecting the transmission power adjusts an interference of the device contributed to by the set of preferred network channels.

According to yet another embodiment, an article of manufacture, such as a computer readable storage medium or the like, can store instructions that, when executed by a computing device, can facilitate receiving preferred channel data representing a set of preferred channels from a mobile device and determining an allowable transmission power for the mobile device. The computer readable storage medium can also generate resource allocation instruction data comprising power data representing an allowable transmission power for the mobile device and broadcast the resource allocation instruction data to the mobile device.

The following description and the annexed drawings set forth in detail certain illustrative aspects of the disclosed subject matter. These aspects are indicative, however, of but a few of the various ways in which the principles of the various embodiments of the subject disclosure can be employed and the disclosed subject matter is intended to include all such aspects and their equivalents. Other advantages and distinctive features of the disclosed subject matter will become apparent from the following detailed description of the various embodiments of the subject disclosure when considered in conjunction with the drawings.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

Further, these components can execute from various computer readable media having various data structures stored thereon. The components can communicate via local and/or remote processes such as in accordance with a signal having one or more data packets (e.g., data from one component interacting with another component in a local system, distributed system, and/or across a network, e.g., the Internet, a local area network, a wide area network, etc. with other systems via the signal).

In addition, the disclosed subject matter can be implemented as a method, apparatus, or article of manufacture using standard programming and/or engineering techniques to produce software, firmware, hardware, or any combination thereof to control a computer to implement the disclosed subject matter. The term “article of manufacture” as used herein is intended to encompass a computer program accessible from any computer-readable device, computer-readable carrier, or computer-readable media. For example, computer-readable media can include, but are not limited to, a magnetic storage device, e.g., hard disk; floppy disk; magnetic strip(s); an optical disk (e.g., compact disk (CD), a digital video disc (DVD), a Blu-ray Disc™ (BD)); a smart card; a flash memory device (e.g., card, stick, key drive); and/or a virtual device that emulates a storage device and/or any of the above computer-readable media.

As an overview of the various embodiments presented herein, to correct for the above identified deficiencies and other drawbacks of public wireless networks, various embodiments are described herein to facilitate the use of public wireless networks in a secure means.

For simplicity of explanation, the methods (or algorithms) are depicted and described as a series of acts. It is to be understood and appreciated that the various embodiments are not limited by the acts illustrated and/or by the order of acts. For example, acts can occur in various orders and/or concurrently, and with other acts not presented or described herein. Furthermore, not all illustrated acts may be required to implement the methods. In addition, the methods could alternatively be represented as a series of interrelated states via a state diagram or events. Additionally, the methods described hereafter are capable of being stored on an article of manufacture (e.g., a computer readable storage medium) to facilitate transporting and transferring such methodologies to computers. The term article of manufacture, as used herein, is intended to encompass a computer program accessible from any computer-readable device, carrier, or media, including a non-transitory computer readable storage medium.

As an overview of the various embodiments presented herein, to correct for the above-identified deficiencies and other drawbacks of traditional macro/femto/D2D heterogeneous networks various embodiments are described herein to facilitate an improvement in throughput.

Described herein are systems, methods, articles of manufacture, and other embodiments or implementations that can facilitate increased heterogeneous throughput via channel and selection and transmission power adjustment. Facilitating increased network throughput can be implemented in connection with any type of device with a connection to a communications network (a wireless communications network, the Internet, or the like), such as a mobile handset, a computer, a handheld device, or the like.

Device-to-device (D2D) device and macrocell systems can concurrently reuse an available spectrum. Therefore, D2D communications have advantages of high spectrum efficiency with low power, macrocell offloading, and ubiquitous high-rate coverage. However, an aggregated interference from multiple D2D communication pairs can interfere with macro-user equipment (UE) signals. Furthermore, when femtocells adaptively allocate the channels and transmission power for femto-UEs, different D2D devices can experience various femto-to-device interference strength, which are also time-varying. Challenges of allocating resources for macro/femto/D2D 3-tier heterogeneous networks can result from macro-eNBs not knowing the interference situation of each D2D device.

Resource management methods for heterogeneous networks can be classified into three main categories: device-controlled methods, network-controlled device-assisted methods, and network-assisted device-decided (NADD). The device-controlled method can decide the power and channel associated with a D2D device. The devices can register to a D2D server, and then can communicate to the nearby registered devices. Nevertheless, the device-controlled method can result in harmful interference to the macrocells if the aggregated device-to-macro interference is not controlled accurately. In the network-controlled device-assisted method, each D2D device can report the instantaneous information of its communication state to the macro-eNB, including instantaneous network load, channel conditions, and interference strength. The macro-eNB can allocate the radio resource to the D2D devices while ensuring the performance of macro-UEs. By proper power control and mode selection, the network can improve the overall system performance. The D2D devices can then report their channel state information and signal quality in terms of a channel quality indication (CQI) to the macro-eNB. Consequently, the macro-eNB can properly determine the allocated channels for the devices. In an interference-limited-area (ILA) control method, according to channel state information reported from each device, the macro-eNB can respectively determine the protection area for each device. Then, within the protection area of a device, the device and the macro-UEs can be allocated with different channels, thereby improving the throughput of D2D systems. For the network-assisted device-decided method, the devices can select suitable channels and adjust the transmission power according to a minimum transmit power criterion and the power control instruction from the eNB.

In the heterogeneous networks, to ensure the link reliability of macro-UE, the macro-eNB can control the aggregate interference from multiple D2D devices to the macro-UE. Furthermore, since the macro-eNB can not know the interference situation of each device, the D2D device can select channels and power levels. In the NADD system, the macro-eNB can broadcast the resource allocation instructions for all D2D devices to limit the transmission power of devices, so as to ensure the link reliability of macro-UE. According to this assistant resource allocation instruction, the D2D devices can select favorite channels and adjust to an optimal power. For a fixed power system, all of the D2D devices can transmit with a predefined power. However, the NADD power control system can be a centrally-controlled method in which the macro-eNB estimates the number of D2D devices, and then broadcasts power control instructions to the D2D devices. The devices can then randomly select channels, as the devices do in the fixed power system.

D2D devices can exploit the uplink spectrum of the macrocell system to perform direct D2D communications. If the propagation distance between a transmitter and a receiver is d (km), and both the transmitter and the receiver are within the same building, the path loss can be modeled as
L(d)=127+30 log10(d) (dB),   (1)
and for other cases, the path loss can be modeled as
L(d)=128.1+37.6 log10(d) (dB).   (2)
If the signal penetrates through the wall(s), the wall penetration loss can be 20 dB per wall. Shadowing can be modeled as a log-normal random variable 10ε/10, where ε is a Gaussian distributed random variable with zero mean. For the case that both the transmitter and the receiver being within the same building have an indoor link, the shadowing standard deviation can be σ=10 dB. For other cases, σ=8 dB. Multipath fading can be described by the Stanford University interim-3 (SUI-3) channel model that assumes three taps with non-uniform delays.

NADD resource allocation can control the interference from the D2D devices to the macro-UEs with less signaling overhead and enhance the throughput of D2D communications. The aggregate interference from multiple D2D transmissions can corrupt the signal quality of macro-UEs, and having different numbers of neighbouring femtocells around can cause different D2D devices to suffer from various femto-to-device interference strength. Because the channel and power allocation of femtocell is adaptively changing, the femto-to-device interference strength of one D2D device also fluctuate over time. Hence, only the D2D device itself can fully know its interference situation, and the macro-eNB cannot learn the interference strengths of devices.

In the network-assisted (NA) part of NADD method, each D2D device can report a favorite channel list to the macro-eNB. The NA part is first conducted to prevent multiple D2D pairs from causing harmful interference to the macro-eNB. According to these favorite channel lists uploaded by the devices, the macro-eNB can calculate the maximum allowable power unit PUiof one device on a subchannel. The macro-eNB can take the maximum allowable power units of all subchannels as a resource allocation instruction and broadcast it to the D2D devices. Consequently, the macro-eNB can assist the D2D devices in adjusting power to control the device-to-macro interference. In the device-decided (DD) part, following the assistant resource allocation instruction broadcasted by the macro-eNB, the D2D devices can select the proper subchannels and transmission power to enhance the D2D throughput. Moreover, the NADD method supports dynamic resource allocation since the channel usage of macro/femto users varies with time.

P is the transmission power. h is the instantaneous link gain including the effects of pathloss, shadowing, wall penetration loss, and frequency selective fading. l is the average link gain including the effects of pathloss, shadowing, and wall penetration loss, that is, it does not include the impact due to frequency selective fading. The subscripts M and F denote the M-th macro-eNB, and F-th femto-eNB. The subscripts m, f, and d denotes the m-th macro-UE, f-th femto-UE, and d-th D2D-UE. Besides, the subscripts i, and j denotes the i-th subchannel, and j-th subcarrier. For example, lm,M,imeans average link gain of the i-th subchannel from the transmitter (the m-th macro-UE) to the receiver (the M-th macro-eNB).

The NADD method can have each device transmit a favorite channel list to the macro-eNB to notify the macro-eNB of the channels suitable for the device to perform D2D communications. If Nsubchis the total number of subchannels, and ρDrepresents the D2D channel usage ratio, which is defined as the proportion of maximum allowable number of subchannels used by one device to the number of total subchannels, then each device can employ at most ρDNsubchsubchannels for D2D communications. In the macro/femto/D2D heterogeneous networks, the aggregate interference strength from the neighboring femtocells can rapidly vary over time. A maximum link-gain channel selection method can achieve better throughput in a heterogeneous network. Hence, for the same reason, in the NADD method, each device can select ρDNsubchsubchannels with higher link gains as the favorite channels, after measuring the link gains of all subchannels. ρFcan be the femto channel usage ratio, defined as the ratio of maximum allowable number of subchannels used by one femtocell to the number of total subchannels. The femto-UE can randomly select ρFNsubchsubchannels for data transmission.

If the D2D channel usage ratio is ρD, the femto channel usage ratio is ρF, and the total number of subchannels for data transmission is Nsubch, then the transmit device can measure the link gain of the D2D pair and selects ρDNsubchsubchannels with higher link gain as the favorite channels. Femto-UEs can randomly select ρFNsubchsubchannels for data transmission.

For ensuring the link reliability of macro-UEs, the network-assisted power control can aim to adjust the transmission power of multiple devices, so as to keep the uplink SINR of macro-UE to be above a SINR target γtarget. Hence,

where SINRMacrois the uplink SINR for the transmission from the m-th macro-UE to the M-th macro-eNB, using the i-th subchannel with the transmission power Pm,i. lm,M,iis the average link gain of the i-th subchannel. N0is the noise power. In the denominator of (3), PUitotalrepresents the total interference to the m-th macro-UE on the i-th subchannel, caused by all the devices and femto-UEs. With the resource allocation instruction, the NADD method can control the total interference to the macro-UE, PUitotal, by adjusting the transmission power of the devices and femto-UEs. Therefore, PUitotalcan be retreated as the total power units for the devices and femto-UEs on the i-th subchannel. From (3), the upper limit of total allowable power units on the i-th subchannel can be computed as

By observing all the favorite channel lists of the D2D devices, the macro-eNB can count the number NDUE,iof D2D devices that prefer the i-th subchannel to perform the D2D communications. Let NFUEbe the total number of femto-UEs with the considered macrocell. Since the femto channel usage ratio is ρF, there are NFUE,i=ρFNFUEfemto-UEs selecting the i-th subchannel for data transmissions, on the average. If the power allocation r is the proportion of total allowable power units that are allocated for D2D communications, and (1−r) is the proportion of total allowable power units allocated for the communications of all the femto-UEs, then the total power units are evenly allocated for the devices and femto-UEs, respectively. Hence, the allowable power units PUd,ion the i-th subchannel for a device and that PUf,ifor a femto-UE can be calculated as

Then, the allowable power units PUd,iand PUf,ieach subchannel are broadcast to the D2D devices and femto-UEs, which serve as the resource allocation instructions to assist in adjusting the devices' and femto-UEs' transmission powers.

According to the assistant resource allocation instruction broadcast from the macro-eNB, each device can select the channels and adjust the transmission power for D2D communications. As in (3) and (5), the allowable power units PUd,iof a device can be treated as the allowable amount of device-to-macro interference caused by the device on a subchannel. If ld,M,iis the average link gain of the i-th subchannel between the d-th device and the M-th macro-eNB, then in order to reduce the interference from the devices to the other subsystems, the transmission power on a subchannel of a device is limited to PD2Dmax. Thus, the transmission power of a D2D device on the i-th subchannel can be expressed as

In the same manner, if the average link gain of the i-th subchannel between the f-th femto-UE and the M-th macro-eNB is lf,M,i, the transmission power of a femto-UE on a subchannel can be

Pf,i=min⁢⁢(PFemto,imax,PUf,ilf,M,i)(8)
where PFemto,imaxis the maximum transmission power for a femto-UE on a subchannel.

To evaluate the link reliability and capacity in a multi-carrier transmission system, the effective SINR for one subchannel composed of multiple subcarriers can be calculated. Let Pm,j, Pf,j, Pd,jbe the transmission power for the m-th macro-UE, the f-th femto-UE, and the d-th D2D device on the j-th subcarrier, respectively. Suppose that the d-th device is transmitting data to the {circumflex over (d)}-th device with the instantaneous link gain hd,{circumflex over (d)},jat the j-th subcarrier. From the viewpoint of the desired receiver (that is, the {circumflex over (d)}-th device), the instantaneous link gain of the j-th subcarrier from the m-th macro-UE is hm,{circumflex over (d)},j, and the link gain from the f-th femto-UE is hf,{circumflex over (d)},j. Consider the three-tier interference. Thus, the SINR of the j-th subcarrier for the D2D transmission from the d-th device to the {circumflex over (d)}-th device is expressed as

The exponential effective SIR mapping (EESM) method can map a vector of the per-subcarrier SINRs to a single AWGN-equivalent SINR for a subchannel. If Ndsubcarriers in a subchannel; and the SINR of each subcarrier, γ1, γ2, . . . , and γNd, then the effective SINR γeff,ifor the subchannel can be calculated by

Once the effective SINR γeff,iis obtained, the modulation-coding scheme (MCS) and the achievable spectrum efficiency ηifor the subchannel can be determined, according to the minimum SINR requirement. For example, if the effective SINR is γeff,i=5 dB, QPSK modulation with the code rate ½ can be used as the modulation coding scheme. The corresponding spectrum efficiency for the subchannel is ηi=1 (bps/Hz).

The link reliability is defined as the probability that the effective SINR is larger than the SINR outage threshold Γth. Suppose that the d-th device uses Nsubch,d(used)subchannels for D2D communications. Hence, the average link reliability for the D2D device can be given as

RD=1Nsubch,d(used)⁢∑i=1Nsubch⁢ɛi⁢Pr⁡[γeff,i≥Γth],(11)
where εiis a utility function. If the i-th subchannel is used by the device, εi=1; otherwise, εi=0. Since one device can use at most ρDNsubchsubchannels, Σi=1Nsubchεi=Nsubch,d(used)≦ρDNsubch. By the same method in (9)˜(11), the average link reliability RMand RFfor the macro-UE and the femto-UE can be calculated, respectively.

The D2D capacity is defined as the aggregate throughput of a D2D device using multiple subchannels to perform D2D communications, which depends on the number of subchannels. Let Nsubch,d(used)be the number of subchannels used by a D2D device. According to the effective SINR, the MCS and the spectrum efficiency ηifor each used subchannel can be determined. If the bandwidth of a subchannel is Bsubch, the D2D capacity CDof one device can be calculated as

CD=∑i=1Nsubch⁢ɛi⁢ηi⁢Bsubch,(12)
then by the same method, the macro capacity CM, and the femto capacity CFof the femto-UE can be found. Each femto-UE and device can use multiple subchannels. However, a macro-UE can occupy only one subchannel for data communication. Thus, the macro capacity CMis defined as the aggregate throughput of all the macro-UEs in a macrocell. The total capacity CTof a heterogeneous system can be defined as
CT=CM+CF+CD.   (13)

Referring now toFIG. 1, illustrated is a network assisted device-decided resource allocation method according to one or more embodiments. The NADD method can comprise a first pair of devices102104seeking to communicate with each other via message delivery112. To facilitate the message delivery112, a transmitting device104can transmit a favorite channel list106to a macro-eNB network device114. According to the favorite channel list106transmitted by the transmitting device104, the macro-eNB network device114can calculate maximum allowable power unit data108of the transmitting device104as a resource instruction and broadcasts it to the transmitting device104. Thus, the macro-eNB network device can assist the D2D transmitting device104in adjusting power to control the device-to-macro interference. Based on the allowable power unit data108, the transmitting device104can a select sub-channel and a transmission power110for delivering a message to the receiving device102.

The NADD method can concurrently comprise a second pair of devices116118seeking to communicate with each via message delivery124. To facilitate the message delivery124, a transmitting device118can transmit a favorite channel list120to a macro-eNB network device114. According to the favorite channel list120transmitted by the transmitting device118, the macro-eNB network device114can calculate maximum allowable power unit data120of the transmitting device118as a resource instruction and broadcasts it to the transmitting device118. Thus, the macro-eNB network device can assist the D2D transmitting device118in adjusting power to control the device-to-macro interference. Based on the allowable power unit data120, the transmitting device118can a select sub-channel and a transmission power122for delivering a message to the receiving device116.

Referring now toFIG. 2, illustrated is a system for macro-eNB network communicating with mobile devices according to one or more embodiments. The NADD method can assist a macro-eNB network200comprising mobile devices202206and a macro-eNB device204, wherein communication between the macro-eNB device204and the mobile devices202206can facilitate a more efficient network. To facilitate message delivery from the mobile devices202206, the mobile devices202206can transmit a favorite channel list to the macro-eNB network device204. According to the favorite channel list transmitted by the mobile devices202206, the macro-eNB network device204can calculate maximum allowable power unit data of mobile devices202206as a resource instruction and broadcast it to the mobile devices202206. Thus, the macro-eNB network device204can assist the mobile devices202206in adjusting power to control the device-to-macro interference. Based on the allowable power unit data, the mobile devices202206can a select sub-channel and a transmission power for delivering a message another mobile device.

Referring now toFIG. 3, illustrated is a schematic system block diagram of a method for selecting a sub-channel and transmission power according to one or more embodiments. At element300preferred sub-channel data representing a set of preferred sub-channels can be sent to enable connection of a device to a network device of a network. The preferred sub-channels can be transmitted via a favorite channel list. At element302, resource allocation instruction data comprising power data representing an allowable transmission power of each preferred sub-channel can be received. Thus, the device can receive maximum allowable power unit data of sub-channels from a macro-eNB network device.

At element304the device can select at least one preferred sub-channel from the set of preferred sub-channels to increase a data throughput of the device, wherein the selecting comprises determining the at least one preferred sub-channel at least in part based on information received from the network device. The device can select a sub-channel and/or a transmission power to enhance D2D throughput. Thus, at element306the device can select a transmission power in accordance with the corresponding at least one preferred sub-channel.

Referring now toFIG. 4, illustrated is a schematic system block diagram of a method for selecting a sub-channel and a pre-defined transmission power according to one or more embodiments. At element400preferred sub-channel data representing a set of preferred sub-channels can be sent to enable connection of a device to a network device of a network. The preferred sub-channels can be transmitted via a favorite channel list. At element402, resource allocation instruction data comprising power data representing an allowable transmission power of each preferred sub-channel can be received. Thus, the device can receive maximum allowable power unit data of sub-channels from a macro-eNB network device.

At element404the device can select at least one preferred sub-channel from the set of preferred sub-channels to increase a data throughput of the device, wherein the selecting comprises determining the at least one preferred sub-channel at least in part based on information received from the network device. The device can select a sub-channel and/or a transmission power to enhance D2D throughput. Thus, at element406the device can select a transmission power in accordance with the corresponding at least one preferred sub-channel, wherein the allowable transmission power of the device is a predefined allowable transmission power at element408.

Referring now toFIG. 5, illustrated is a schematic system block diagram of a method for selecting a preferred sub-channel and a pre-defined transmission power according to one or more embodiments. At element500preferred sub-channel data representing a set of preferred sub-channels can be sent to enable connection of a device to a network device of a network. The preferred sub-channels can be transmitted via a favorite channel list. At element502, resource allocation instruction data comprising power data representing an allowable transmission power of each preferred sub-channel can be received. Thus, the device can receive maximum allowable power unit data of sub-channels from a macro-eNB network device.

At element504the device can select at least one preferred sub-channel from the set of preferred sub-channels to increase a data throughput of the device, wherein the selecting comprises determining the at least one preferred sub-channel at least in part based on information received from the network device. The device can select a sub-channel and/or a transmission power to enhance D2D throughput. Thus, at element506the device can select a transmission power in accordance with the corresponding at least one preferred sub-channel, wherein the resource allocation instruction data comprises a predefined allowable transmission power of at least one sub-channel of the set of preferred sub-channels of the device at element508.

Referring now toFIG. 6, illustrated is a schematic system block diagram of an apparatus for selecting a sub-channel and transmission power according to one or more embodiments. At element600the apparatus can initiate sending of preferred network channel data representing a set of preferred network channels of the apparatus used to connect to a set of network devices of a network. The preferred sub-channels can be transmitted via a favorite channel list. The apparatus can receive resource allocation instruction data comprising power data representing an allowable transmission power of the apparatus at element602. Therefore, apparatus can receive resource allocation instruction data related to a network channel from a macro-eNB network device.

At element604, the apparatus can also select a network channel of the apparatus, from the set of preferred network channels, to increase a data throughput of the apparatus, wherein the selecting comprises determining the network channel, at least in part, based on information received from a network device of the set of network devices. Consequently, the apparatus can select a channel and/or a transmission power to enhance D2D throughput. Therefore, the apparatus can select a transmission power in accordance with the resource allocation instruction data, at element606, wherein the selecting the transmission power adjusts an interference of the device contributed to by the set of preferred network channels.

Referring now toFIG. 7, illustrated is a schematic system block diagram of an apparatus for selecting a sub-channel and transmission power for adjusting a network channel selected based on a randomized input according to one or more embodiments. At element700the apparatus can initiate sending of preferred network channel data representing a set of preferred network channels of the apparatus used to connect to a set of network devices of a network. The preferred sub-channels can be transmitted via a favorite channel list. The apparatus can receive resource allocation instruction data comprising power data representing an allowable transmission power of the apparatus at element702. Therefore, apparatus can receive resource allocation instruction data related to a network channel from a macro-eNB network device.

At element704, the apparatus can also select a network channel of the apparatus, from the set of preferred network channels, to increase a data throughput of the apparatus, wherein the selecting comprises determining the network channel, at least in part, based on information received from a network device of the set of network devices. Consequently, the apparatus can select a channel and/or a transmission power to enhance D2D throughput. Therefore, the apparatus can select a transmission power in accordance with the resource allocation instruction data, at element706, wherein the selecting the transmission power adjusts an interference of the device contributed to by the set of preferred network channels and wherein the network channel of the set of preferred network channels is selected for data transmission based on a randomized input at element708.

Referring now toFIG. 8, illustrated is a schematic system block diagram of an apparatus for selecting a preferred sub-channel and a pre-defined transmission power according to one or more embodiments. At element800the apparatus can initiate sending of preferred network channel data representing a set of preferred network channels of the apparatus used to connect to a set of network devices of a network. The preferred sub-channels can be transmitted via a favorite channel list. The apparatus can receive resource allocation instruction data comprising power data representing an allowable transmission power of the apparatus at element802. Therefore, apparatus can receive resource allocation instruction data related to a network channel from a macro-eNB network device.

At element804, the apparatus can also select a network channel of the apparatus, from the set of preferred network channels, to increase a data throughput of the apparatus, wherein the selecting comprises determining the network channel, at least in part, based on information received from a network device of the set of network devices. Consequently, the apparatus can select a channel and/or a transmission power to enhance D2D throughput. Therefore, the apparatus can select a transmission power in accordance with the resource allocation instruction data, at element806, wherein the selecting the transmission power adjusts an interference of the device contributed to by the set of preferred network channels and wherein the resource allocation instruction data comprises a predefined allowable transmission power of the network channel at element808.

Referring now toFIG. 9, illustrated is a schematic system block diagram of a device for broadcasting resource allocation instruction data according to one or more embodiments. At element900the device can receive preferred channel data representing a set of preferred channels from a mobile device, and determine an allowable transmission power for the mobile device at element902. Preferred channels can be transmitted via a favorite channel list of the mobile device. The device can also generate resource allocation instruction data comprising power data representing an allowable transmission power for the mobile device at element904. Furthermore, the device can broadcast the resource allocation instruction data to the mobile device at element906so that the mobile device can select a channel and/or a transmission power to enhance a D2D throughput.

Referring now toFIG. 10, illustrated is a schematic system block diagram of a device for broadcasting resource allocation instruction data and sending instructions to adjust a transmission power according to one or more embodiments. At element1000the device can receive preferred channel data representing a set of preferred channels from a mobile device, and determine an allowable transmission power for the mobile device at element1002. Preferred channels can be transmitted via a favorite channel list of the mobile device. The device can also generate resource allocation instruction data comprising power data representing an allowable transmission power for the mobile device at element1004. Furthermore, the device can broadcast the resource allocation instruction data to the mobile device at element1006so that the mobile device can select a channel and/or a transmission power to enhance a D2D throughput. Consequently, the operations can further comprise sending instructions to the mobile device to adjust a transmission power of the mobile device to modify a sub-channel interference of the mobile device resulting from at least one sub-channel of the mobile device at element1008.

Referring now toFIG. 11, illustrated is a schematic block diagram of an exemplary end-user device such as a mobile device1100capable of connecting to a network in accordance with some embodiments described herein. Although a mobile handset1100is illustrated herein, it will be understood that other devices can be a mobile device, and that the mobile handset1100is merely illustrated to provide context for the embodiments of the various embodiments described herein. The following discussion is intended to provide a brief, general description of an example of a suitable environment1100in which the various embodiments can be implemented. While the description includes a general context of computer-executable instructions embodied on a computer readable storage medium, those skilled in the art will recognize that the innovation also can be implemented in combination with other program modules and/or as a combination of hardware and software.

The handset1100includes a processor1102for controlling and processing all onboard operations and functions. A memory1104interfaces to the processor1102for storage of data and one or more applications1106(e.g., a video player software, user feedback component software, etc.). Other applications can include voice recognition of predetermined voice commands that facilitate initiation of the user feedback signals. The applications1106can be stored in the memory1104and/or in a firmware1108, and executed by the processor1102from either or both the memory1104or/and the firmware1108. The firmware1108can also store startup code for execution in initializing the handset1100. A communications component1110interfaces to the processor1102to facilitate wired/wireless communication with external systems, e.g., cellular networks, VoIP networks, and so on. Here, the communications component1110can also include a suitable cellular transceiver1111(e.g., a GSM transceiver) and/or an unlicensed transceiver1113(e.g., Wi-Fi, WiMax) for corresponding signal communications. The handset1100can be a device such as a cellular telephone, a PDA with mobile communications capabilities, and messaging-centric devices. The communications component1110also facilitates communications reception from terrestrial radio networks (e.g., broadcast), digital satellite radio networks, and Internet-based radio services networks.

The handset1100includes a display1112for displaying text, images, video, telephony functions (e.g., a Caller ID function), setup functions, and for user input. For example, the display1112can also be referred to as a “screen” that can accommodate the presentation of multimedia content (e.g., music metadata, messages, wallpaper, graphics, etc.). The display1112can also display videos and can facilitate the generation, editing and sharing of video quotes. A serial I/O interface1114is provided in communication with the processor1102to facilitate wired and/or wireless serial communications (e.g., USB, and/or IEEE 1394) through a hardwire connection, and other serial input devices (e.g., a keyboard, keypad, and mouse). This supports updating and troubleshooting the handset1100, for example. Audio capabilities are provided with an audio I/O component1116, which can include a speaker for the output of audio signals related to, for example, indication that the user pressed the proper key or key combination to initiate the user feedback signal. The audio I/O component1116also facilitates the input of audio signals through a microphone to record data and/or telephony voice data, and for inputting voice signals for telephone conversations.

The handset1100can include a slot interface1118for accommodating a SIC (Subscriber Identity Component) in the form factor of a card Subscriber Identity Module (SIM) or universal SIM1120, and interfacing the SIM card1120with the processor1102. However, it is to be appreciated that the SIM card1120can be manufactured into the handset1100, and updated by downloading data and software.

A video processing component1122(e.g., a camera) can be provided for decoding encoded multimedia content. The video processing component1122can aid in facilitating the generation, editing and sharing of video quotes. The handset1100also includes a power source1124in the form of batteries and/or an AC power subsystem, which power source1124can interface to an external power system or charging equipment (not shown) by a power I/O component1126.

The handset1100can also include a video component1130for processing video content received and, for recording and transmitting video content. For example, the video component1130can facilitate the generation, editing and sharing of video quotes. A location tracking component1132facilitates geographically locating the handset1100. As described hereinabove, this can occur when the user initiates the feedback signal automatically or manually. A user input component1134facilitates the user initiating the quality feedback signal. The user input component1134can also facilitate the generation, editing and sharing of video quotes. The user input component1134can include such conventional input device technologies such as a keypad, keyboard, mouse, stylus pen, and/or touch screen, for example.

Referring again to the applications1106, a hysteresis component1136facilitates the analysis and processing of hysteresis data, which is utilized to determine when to associate with the access point. A software trigger component1138can be provided that facilitates triggering of the hysteresis component1138when the Wi-Fi transceiver1113detects the beacon of the access point. A SIP client1140enables the handset1100to support SIP protocols and register the subscriber with the SIP registrar server. The applications1106can also include a client1142that provides at least the capability of discovery, play and store of multimedia content, for example, music.

The handset1100, as indicated above related to the communications component810, includes an indoor network radio transceiver1113(e.g., Wi-Fi transceiver). This function supports the indoor radio link, such as IEEE 802.11, for the dual-mode GSM handset1100. The handset1100can accommodate at least satellite radio services through a handset that can combine wireless voice and digital radio chipsets into a single handheld device.

Referring now toFIG. 12, there is illustrated a block diagram of a computer1200operable to execute a system architecture that facilitates establishing a transaction between an entity and a third party. The computer1200can provide networking and communication capabilities between a wired or wireless communication network and a server and/or communication device. In order to provide additional context for various aspects thereof,FIG. 12and the following discussion are intended to provide a brief, general description of a suitable computing environment in which the various aspects of the innovation can be implemented to facilitate the establishment of a transaction between an entity and a third party. While the description above is in the general context of computer-executable instructions that can run on one or more computers, those skilled in the art will recognize that the innovation also can be implemented in combination with other program modules and/or as a combination of hardware and software.

With reference toFIG. 12, implementing various aspects described herein with regards to the end-user device can include a computer1200, the computer1200including a processing unit1204, a system memory1206and a system bus1208. The system bus1208couples system components including, but not limited to, the system memory1206to the processing unit1204. The processing unit1204can be any of various commercially available processors. Dual microprocessors and other multi processor architectures can also be employed as the processing unit1204.

The system bus1208can be any of several types of bus structure that can further interconnect to a memory bus (with or without a memory controller), a peripheral bus, and a local bus using any of a variety of commercially available bus architectures. The system memory1206includes read-only memory (ROM)1210and random access memory (RAM)1212. A basic input/output system (BIOS) is stored in a non-volatile memory1210such as ROM, EPROM, EEPROM, which BIOS contains the basic routines that help to transfer information between elements within the computer1200, such as during start-up. The RAM1212can also include a high-speed RAM such as static RAM for caching data.

The computer1200further includes an internal hard disk drive (HDD)1214(e.g., EIDE, SATA), which internal hard disk drive1214can also be configured for external use in a suitable chassis (not shown), a magnetic floppy disk drive (FDD)1216, (e.g., to read from or write to a removable diskette1218) and an optical disk drive1220, (e.g., reading a CD-ROM disk1222or, to read from or write to other high capacity optical media such as the DVD). The hard disk drive1214, magnetic disk drive1216and optical disk drive1211can be connected to the system bus1208by a hard disk drive interface1224, a magnetic disk drive interface1226and an optical drive interface1228, respectively. The interface1224for external drive implementations includes at least one or both of Universal Serial Bus (USB) and IEEE 1294 interface technologies. Other external drive connection technologies are within contemplation of the subject innovation.

A number of program modules can be stored in the drives and RAM1212, including an operating system1230, one or more application programs1232, other program modules1234and program data1236. All or portions of the operating system, applications, modules, and/or data can also be cached in the RAM1212. It is to be appreciated that the innovation can be implemented with various commercially available operating systems or combinations of operating systems.

A user can enter commands and information into the computer1200through one or more wired/wireless input devices, e.g., a keyboard1238and a pointing device, such as a mouse1240. Other input devices (not shown) may include a microphone, an IR remote control, a joystick, a game pad, a stylus pen, touch screen, or the like. These and other input devices are often connected to the processing unit1204through an input device interface1242that is coupled to the system bus1208, but can be connected by other interfaces, such as a parallel port, an IEEE 2394 serial port, a game port, a USB port, an IR interface, etc.

A monitor1244or other type of display device is also connected to the system bus1208through an interface, such as a video adapter1246. In addition to the monitor1244, a computer1200typically includes other peripheral output devices (not shown), such as speakers, printers, etc.

The computer1200can operate in a networked environment using logical connections by wired and/or wireless communications to one or more remote computers, such as a remote computer(s)1248. The remote computer(s)1248can be a workstation, a server computer, a router, a personal computer, portable computer, microprocessor-based entertainment device, a peer device or other common network node, and typically includes many or all of the elements described relative to the computer, although, for purposes of brevity, only a memory/storage device1250is illustrated. The logical connections depicted include wired/wireless connectivity to a local area network (LAN)1252and/or larger networks, e.g., a wide area network (WAN)1254. Such LAN and WAN networking environments are commonplace in offices and companies, and facilitate enterprise-wide computer networks, such as intranets, all of which may connect to a global communications network, e.g., the Internet.

When used in a LAN networking environment, the computer1200is connected to the local network1252through a wired and/or wireless communication network interface or adapter1256. The adapter1256may facilitate wired or wireless communication to the LAN1252, which may also include a wireless access point disposed thereon for communicating with the wireless adapter1256.

When used in a WAN networking environment, the computer1200can include a modem1258, or is connected to a communications server on the WAN1254, or has other means for establishing communications over the WAN1254, such as by way of the Internet. The modem1258, which can be internal or external and a wired or wireless device, is connected to the system bus1208through the serial port interface1242. In a networked environment, program modules depicted relative to the computer, or portions thereof, can be stored in the remote memory/storage device1250. It will be appreciated that the network connections shown are exemplary and other means of establishing a communications link between the computers can be used.

In this regard, while the subject matter has been described herein in connection with various embodiments and corresponding FIGs, where applicable, it is to be understood that other similar embodiments can be used or modifications and additions can be made to the described embodiments for performing the same, similar, alternative, or substitute function of the disclosed subject matter without deviating therefrom. Therefore, the disclosed subject matter should not be limited to any single embodiment described herein, but rather should be construed in breadth and scope in accordance with the appended claims below.