Photography and projection apparatus and light emitting and sensing module

A photography and projection apparatus including a light emitting and sensing module and a projection lens is provided. The light emitting and sensing module has a light emitting and sensing area, and includes a light emitting unit array and a light sensing unit array. The light emitting unit array includes a plurality of light emitting units arranged in an array. The light emitting units are distributed in the light emitting and sensing area. The light emitting unit array is adapted to provide an image beam. The light sensing unit array includes a plurality of light sensing units arranged in an array. The light sensing units are distributed in the light emitting and sensing area. The projection lens is disposed on a transmission path of the image beam. A light emitting and sensing module is also provided.

BACKGROUND

1. Technical Field

The disclosure relates to an optical apparatus and a module thereof, and more particularly to a photography and projection apparatus and a light emitting and sensing module thereof.

2. Related Art

With the advance of photoelectrical technologies, volumes of many photoelectrical devices are gradually developed toward miniature, and recently projection apparatuses are further miniaturized, so that they can be disposed in portable electronic products such as a mobile phone, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a digital camera, a flat panel computer, and so on.

A conventional projection apparatus mainly includes three parts of an illumination system, a light valve and a projection lens. The illumination system is adapted to emit an illumination beam. The light valve is, for example, a digital micro-mirror device (DMD), a liquid-crystal-on-silicon (LCOS) panel, a transmissive liquid-crystal panel or other spatial light modulators, and has a function of modulating the illumination beam into an image beam. Then, the projection lens projects the image beam from the light valve onto a screen, so as to generate an image frame.

However, a distance from the illumination system to the light valve is needed so that the illumination beam can uniformly and efficiently be transmitted onto the light valve, which, however, greatly limits the miniature process of the projection apparatus. Moreover, in order to generate an image frame of full color, the illumination system at least needs to include a light source of three primary colors such as red, green, and blue, and further needs to combine the lights in the three colors and throw the combined light to a light combining device of the light valve, so that the miniature is also greatly limited.

A light path of the conventional projection apparatus occupies a great space, and if a light detection function needs to be added, a new light path inevitably needs to be added, thereby occupying a greater space. Therefore, if the light detection function is intended to be added in the conventional projection apparatus, it is uneasy for the projection apparatus to satisfy miniature demands.

SUMMARY

An embodiment of the disclosure provides a photography and projection apparatus, which includes a light emitting and sensing module and a projection lens. The light emitting and sensing module has a light emitting and sensing area, and includes a light emitting unit array and a light sensing unit array. The light emitting unit array includes a plurality of light emitting units arranged in an array. The light emitting units are distributed in the light emitting and sensing area. The light emitting unit array is adapted to provide an image beam. The light sensing unit array includes a plurality of light sensing units arranged in an array. The light sensing units are distributed in the light emitting and sensing area. The projection lens is disposed on a transmission path of the image beam.

Another embodiment of the disclosure provides a light emitting and sensing module, which includes a light emitting and sensing area, a light emitting unit array, a light sensing unit array and a circuit substrate. The light emitting unit array includes a plurality of light emitting units arranged in an array, wherein the light emitting units are distributed in the light emitting and sensing area. The light sensing unit array includes a plurality of light sensing units arranged in an array. The light sensing units are distributed in the light emitting and sensing area. The light emitting units and the light sensing units are disposed on the circuit substrate, and the circuit substrate includes a plurality of light emitting unit drive circuits and a plurality of light sensing unit drive circuits. The light emitting unit drive circuits are electrically connected to the light emitting units respectively. The light sensing unit drive circuits are electrically connected to the light sensing units respectively.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF DISCLOSED EMBODIMENTS

FIG. 1is a block view of a photography and projection apparatus according to an embodiment of the disclosure,FIG. 2Ais a schematic view of epitaxial structure in a process of manufacturing the light emitting and sensing module inFIG. 1,FIG. 2Bis a schematic view of a local cross-section of the light emitting and sensing module inFIG. 1, andFIG. 3is a local block view of the light emitting and sensing module in FIG. Referring toFIG. 1,FIG. 2A,FIG. 2BandFIG. 3, a photography and projection apparatus100of this embodiment includes a light emitting and sensing module200and a projection lens110. The light emitting and sensing module200has a light emitting and sensing area210, and the light emitting and sensing module200includes a light emitting unit array220and a light sensing unit array230. The light emitting unit array220includes a plurality of light emitting units222arranged in an array, wherein the light emitting units222are distributed in the light emitting and sensing area210, and the light emitting unit array220is adapted to provide an image beam B. The light sensing unit array230includes a plurality of light sensing units232arranged in an array, wherein the light sensing units232are distributed in the light emitting and sensing area210. In this embodiment, the light emitting and sensing area210is, for example, an active area of a light emitting and sensing device205, and the light emitting and sensing device205includes the light emitting unit array220and the light sensing unit array230, wherein the light emitting and sensing device205is, for example, a light emitting and sensing chip. In addition, the projection lens110is disposed on a transmission path of the image beam B.

In this embodiment, the light emitting unit array220and the light sensing unit array230are overlapped with each other, as shown inFIG. 1andFIG. 2B. In this embodiment, each light emitting unit222includes a first doped semiconductor layer242, a second doped semiconductor layer246and a light emitting layer244, wherein the light emitting layer244is disposed between the first doped semiconductor layer242and the second doped semiconductor layer246. In this embodiment, the first doped semiconductor layer242is an N-type semiconductor layer, such as an N-type gallium nitride layer, the second doped semiconductor layer246is a P-type semiconductor layer, such as a P-type gallium nitride layer, and the light emitting layer244is, for example, a semiconductor quantum well layer. Moreover, in this embodiment, each light sensing unit232includes a third doped semiconductor layer252and a fourth doped semiconductor layer254, wherein the fourth doped semiconductor layer254is connected to the third doped semiconductor layer252, and the light sensing units232are stacked with the light emitting units222respectively. In other words, in this embodiment, the light emitting unit222is a light-emitting diode (LED) formed of semiconductor material, and the light sensing unit232is a photodiode formed of semiconductor material. In this embodiment, the third doped semiconductor layer252is an N-type doped semiconductor layer, such as an N-type indium gallium nitride layer, and the fourth doped semiconductor layer254is a P-type doped semiconductor layer, such as a P-type indium gallium nitride layer, wherein a junction of the third doped semiconductor layer252and the fourth doped semiconductor layer254may has high indium content, and the band gap can thus be controlled in an infrared light area (about 1.2 electronic volts), so as to be used to absorb blue light, green light and red light.

In this embodiment, the light emitting and sensing module200further includes a plurality of conductive connection layers260, which respectively connects the light emitting units222and the light sensing units232. The conductive connection layer260is, for example, a tunneling junction layer, which is, for example, a semiconductor layer having high dopant concentration.

The light emitting and sensing module200may further include a circuit substrate270, and the light emitting units222and the light sensing units232are disposed on the circuit substrate270. The circuit substrate270is, for example, a silicon substrate. In this embodiment, each light sensing unit232and a corresponding light emitting unit222form a pixel P, and the pixels P are disposed on the circuit substrate270.

In this embodiment, the light emitting and sensing module200further includes a plurality of first electrodes310, a plurality of second electrodes320and an electrode layer330. The first electrodes310respectively connect the fourth doped semiconductor layers254of the light sensing units232of the pixels P and the circuit substrate270, the second electrodes320respectively connect the second doped semiconductor layers246of the light emitting units222of the pixels P and the circuit substrate270, and the electrode layer330is connected to the first doped semiconductor layers242of the light emitting units222of the pixels P.

In this embodiment, the circuit substrate270includes a plurality of light emitting unit drive circuits272and a plurality of light sensing unit drive circuits274. The light emitting unit drive circuits272drive the light emitting units222respectively through the second electrodes320and the electrode layer330, and the light sensing unit drive circuits274drive the light sensing units232respectively through the first electrodes310and the corresponding second electrodes320. In this embodiment, the light emitting and sensing module200further includes a first driver80and a second driver90, so as to respectively drive the light emitting unit drive circuits272and the light sensing unit drive circuits274, wherein the first driver80and the second driver90are, for example, drive integrated circuits (drive ICs).

Reference may be made toFIG. 2Afor the manufacturing process of the light emitting unit222and the light sensing unit232, and firstly, the first doped semiconductor layer242, the light emitting layer244, the second doped semiconductor layer246, the conductive connection layer260, the third doped semiconductor layer252and the fourth doped semiconductor layer254are grown on a substrate50sequentially. Then, selective etching is performed on these layers, so that these layers form a mesa area T1and a step area T2as shown inFIG. 2B. Afterwards, the entire structure is inverted, and is bonded onto the circuit substrate270through the first electrode310and the second electrode320. Then, the substrate50is removed. Afterwards, the electrode layer330is formed on the first doped semiconductor layer242. In this embodiment, the second electrodes320are respectively located at one side of the light sensing units232.

Referring back toFIG. 1, in this embodiment, the photography and projection apparatus100further includes a control unit120, which is electrically connected to the light emitting unit array220and the light sensing unit array230, so as to alternately drive the light emitting unit array220to emit light and drive the light sensing unit232to detect light. Specifically, the control unit120is electrically connected to the light emitting unit drive circuit272and the light sensing unit drive circuit274, wherein the control unit120instructs the light emitting unit drive circuit272to drive the light emitting unit222to emit light, and instructs the light sensing unit drive circuit274to drive the light sensing unit232to detect light. In this embodiment, the first driver80is electrically connected between the control unit120and the light emitting unit drive circuit272, and the second driver90is electrically connected between the control unit120and the light sensing unit drive circuit274.

In this embodiment, the control unit120may receive image information60, and then instructs the light emitting unit drive circuit272to drive the light emitting unit222to emit light according to the image information60. The light emitting units222may emit light with different light intensity according to the image information60to form grey scale, and the projection lens110throws the image beam B onto a screen (not shown) to form an image frame. Additionally, the projection lens110is adapted to form an image of an external object on the light emitting and sensing area210, so that the light sensing unit232in the light emitting and sensing area210is capable of detecting the image of the external object, and converting detected light signals into electric signals. The electric signals are transmitted to the control unit120through a light sensing unit drive circuit274, and then the control unit120may store the electric signals into a memory130.

As shown inFIG. 3, in this embodiment, the light emitting and sensing module200includes a plurality of light emitting unit selection lines282, a plurality of light emitting unit data lines284, a plurality of light sensing unit selection lines286and a plurality of light sensing unit reset lines288. The light emitting unit selection lines282and the light sensing unit selection lines286are arranged into a plurality of rows, and the light emitting unit data lines284and the light sensing unit reset lines288are arranged into a plurality of columns. In this embodiment, the light emitting unit selection lines282, the light emitting unit data lines284, the light sensing unit selection lines286and the light sensing unit reset lines288are, for example, disposed in the circuit substrate270, but the disclosure is not limited thereto. Each of the light emitting unit selection lines282is electrically connected to a row of light emitting unit drive circuits272, and each of the light emitting unit data lines284is electrically connected to a column of light emitting unit drive circuits272. Each light emitting unit drive circuit272is electrically connected to a pixel P. A signal from the light emitting unit selection line282decides which column of light emitting unit drive circuits272begins to drive the light emitting units222in the pixels P to emit light, and a signal from the light emitting unit data line284decides the magnitude of the current at which the light emitting unit222of the pixel P of the corresponding column is driven.

Additionally, the light sensing unit reset lines288decides which column of light sensing unit drive circuits274is instructed to drive the light sensing units232in the pixels P to high voltage, and the light sensing unit selection lines286decides which row of light sensing unit drive circuits274begins to read an electric signal into which the reset light sensing unit232converts a light signal.

Because the light emitting and sensing module200in the photography and projection apparatus100of this embodiment can integrate the light emitting unit array220and the light sensing unit array230together, the light emitting and sensing module200may have small volume, and have both display (or projection display) and light detection functions. Moreover, because the light emitting and sensing module200may directly emit an image beam, instead of being like the case that a conventional projection apparatus adopts a light valve to convert an illumination beam generated by an illumination system into an image beam, the photography and projection apparatus100of this embodiment may save the space occupied by the light path of the illumination beam in the prior art, thereby effectively shrinking the volume of the photography and projection apparatus100of this embodiment. In this way, the photography and projection apparatus100of this embodiment is appropriately mounted in a portable electronic apparatus (for example, a mobile phone, a PDA, a digital camera, or a flat panel computer), does not occupy excessive volume, and can further shrink the entire volume of the portable electronic apparatus. Additionally, the light sensing unit array230may also be utilized to detect the light emitted by the light emitting unit array220, so as to perform image correction or adjustment (for example, color adjustment and correction, or brightness adjustment and correction).

FIG. 4is a drive circuit diagram of a pixel of a light emitting and sensing module according to another embodiment of the disclosure, andFIG. 5is a drive oscillogram of a pixel in the light emitting and sensing module inFIG. 4. Referring toFIG. 4andFIG. 5, a drive circuit of the light emitting and sensing module of this embodiment is applicable to the light emitting and sensing module200or light emitting and sensing modules of other embodiments. Firstly, when a light emitting unit selection line282is at high voltage, a transistor291is turned on, and in this case, voltage of a light emitting unit data line284may be input to a gate of a transistor292, so as to adjust energy input by a voltage source VDDto a light emitting unit222in the pixel P, so that the light emitting unit222emits light. In this case, the transistor293is also turned on, and the cathode of the light emitting unit222is grounded, so as to form a loop. When the light emitting unit selection line282is at low voltage, the transistor291and the transistor293are turned off, and the light emitting unit222does not emit light.

On the other hand, when the light sensing unit reset lines288is at high voltage, the transistor294is turned on, so that the voltage source VDDis input to the N pole of the light sensing unit232, so as to form reversely biased voltage. In this case, the transistor295is also turned on, and the voltage of the voltage source VDDmay be input to the transistor296. When a light emitting unit reset line288is at high voltage, the light sensing unit selection lines286is also at high voltage, and in this case the transistor297is turned on, so that the P pole of the light sensing unit232is grounded, so as to form a loop, in this case the transistor296is also turned on, and a read end70reads an electric signal from the voltage source VDDand is at high voltage. Then, when the light sensing unit reset line288is at low voltage while the light sensing unit selection line286is still at high voltage, the transistor294is turned off. However, when the transistor294is just turned off, the N pole of the light sensing unit232is still at high potential, so that the read end70still reads the voltage from the voltage source VDD. However, when the light sensing unit232detects light and forms photocurrent flowing from the N pole to the P pole, the voltage of the N pole of the light sensing unit232gradually decreases. In this case, the transistor295may be regarded as an amplifier for amplifying a voltage signal of the N pole of the light sensing unit232, and therefore when the voltage of the N pole of the light sensing unit232gradually decreases, the voltage read by the read end70also gradually decreases. Then, when the light sensing unit selection line is at low voltage, the transistor296and the transistor297are turned off, and in this case, the voltage of the read end70also drops to low voltage.

The stronger the intensity of the light detected by the light sensing unit232is, the greater the photocurrent is, so that the faster the voltage of the N pole decreases, and the faster the voltage of the read end70decreases. By measuring the rate of the voltage decrease of the read end70(such as an absolute value of the decrease slope) or measuring the voltage of the read end70occurring just before the light sensing unit selection lines286is switched from high voltage to low voltage, the intensity of the detected light may be converted into a voltage signal.

FIG. 6is a schematic cross-section view of a light emitting unit and a light sensing unit of a light emitting and sensing module according to still another embodiment of the disclosure. Referring toFIG. 6, a light emitting and sensing module200aof this embodiment is similar to the light emitting and sensing module200inFIG. 2B, and the difference between the both is described as follows. In this embodiment, the second electrodes320apass through the light sensing units232arespectively through a plurality of through holes340a. Specifically, from the second doped semiconductor layer246, a second electrode320asequentially passes through a conductive connection layer260a, a third doped semiconductor layer252aand a fourth doped semiconductor layer254a, wherein an insulation material342amay be filled between the second electrode320aand an inner wall of a through hole340a, so as to achieve insulation effect.

FIG. 7is a schematic view of epitaxial structure in a process of manufacturing a light emitting and sensing module according to yet another embodiment of the disclosure, andFIG. 8is a schematic view of a local cross-section of the light emitting and sensing module manufactured from a structure inFIG. 7. Referring toFIG. 7andFIG. 8, a light emitting and sensing module200bof this embodiment is similar to the light emitting and sensing module200inFIG. 2B, and the difference between the both is described as follows. In this embodiment, a conductive substrate50bis a semiconductor substrate, such as a doped gallium nitride substrate. In an epitaxial growth process, a first doped semiconductor layer242, a light emitting layer244, a second doped semiconductor layer246, a conductive connection layer260, a third doped semiconductor layer252and a fourth doped semiconductor layer254are sequentially grown on the conductive substrate50b. Afterwards, a mesa area T1band a step area T2bare formed through etching from the bottom of the foregoing epitaxial structure.

Further, a plurality of first electrodes310is respectively connected to the first doped semiconductor layers242of the light emitting units222bof the pixels, and a plurality of second electrodes320is respectively connected to the third doped semiconductor layers252of the light sensing units232bof the pixels. Moreover, the electrode layer330is formed, and is connected to the fourth doped semiconductor layers254of the light sensing units232bof the pixels. Specifically, each light emitting unit222bfurther includes a conductive substrate50b, which connects a first doped semiconductor layer242and a first electrode310. Moreover, in this embodiment, the second electrodes320are located at one side of the light emitting units222b, respectively.

The light emitting and sensing module200bshown inFIG. 8may also adopt a drive circuit similar to that inFIG. 4, and have the advantage and efficacy of the light emitting and sensing module200inFIG. 2B, which are not repeated herein.

FIG. 9is a schematic cross-section view of a light emitting and sensing module according to another embodiment of the disclosure. Referring toFIG. 9, a light emitting and sensing module200cof this embodiment is similar to the light emitting and sensing module200binFIG. 8, and the difference between the both is described as follows. In this embodiment, the second electrodes320cpass through the light emitting units222crespectively through a plurality of through holes340c. Specifically, from a third doped semiconductor layer252, a second electrode320csequentially passes through a conductive connection layer260c, a second doped semiconductor layer246c, a light emitting layer244c, a first doped semiconductor layer242cand a conductive substrate50c, wherein an insulation material342amay be filled between the second electrode320cand an inner wall of a through hole340c, so as to achieve insulation effect.

FIG. 10is a schematic view of epitaxial structure in a process of manufacturing a light emitting and sensing module according to still another embodiment of the disclosure, andFIG. 11is a schematic view of a local cross-section of the light emitting and sensing module manufactured from a structure inFIG. 10. Referring toFIG. 10andFIG. 11, a light emitting and sensing module200dof this embodiment is similar to the light emitting and sensing module200binFIG. 8, and the difference between the both is described as follows. In the light emitting and sensing module200dof this embodiment, the light emitting unit array and the light sensing unit array are alternately disposed. In other words, in a pixel P, the light sensing unit232dis located at one side of the light emitting unit222, and the light sensing unit232dand the light emitting unit222are not stacked with each other. In this embodiment, the light sensing unit232dand the light emitting unit222both are disposed on the circuit substrate270.

Specifically, each pixel P further includes a silicon substrate50d, and the light sensing unit232dand the light emitting unit222of the pixel P both are disposed on the silicon substrate50d. In this embodiment, the first doped semiconductor layer242, the light emitting layer244and the second doped semiconductor layer246of the light emitting unit222are stacked on the silicon substrate50d, and the light sensing unit232dis formed on a surface of the silicon substrate50d. In this embodiment, the silicon substrate50dis, for example, a silicon substrate which is doped and conductive, that is, a conductive substrate. However, in other embodiments, other types of conductive substrates may also be adopted to replace the silicon substrate50d. The light sensing unit232dincludes a Schottky contact251dand an ohmic contact253d. When light is irradiated to the light sensing unit232d, the part of the silicon substrate50dlocated between the Schottky contact251dand the ohmic contact253dgenerates photocurrent. In this embodiment, each pixel P further includes a third electrode352and a fourth electrode354, wherein the third electrode352extends from the circuit substrate270to the Schottky contact251dthrough a through hole52d, so as to electrically connect the Schottky contact251dand the circuit substrate270. Moreover, the fourth electrode354extends from the circuit substrate270to the ohmic contact253dthrough the through hole54d, so as to electrically connect the ohmic contact253dand the circuit substrate270. An insulation material351may be filled between the third electrode352and the inner wall of the through hole52d, so as to achieve insulation effect. Moreover, an insulation material353may be filled between the fourth electrode354and the through hole54d, so as to achieve insulation effect.

In the manufacturing process of the light emitting and sensing module200d, the first doped semiconductor layer242, the light emitting layer244and the second doped semiconductor layer246are sequentially grown on the silicon substrate50d. Afterwards, a mesa area T1dand a step area T2dare formed through etching from the top of the stacked structure, and are bonded onto the circuit substrate270.

Moreover, the electrode layer330is disposed on the second doped semiconductor layers246of the pixels P, so as to be electrically connected to the second doped semiconductor layers246. Moreover, the first electrode310is disposed between the silicon substrate50dand the circuit substrate270, so as to electrically connect the both. Compared with the case that each pixel P of the light emitting and sensing module200binFIG. 8is driven through three electrodes of the first electrode310, the second electrode320and the electrode layer330, the light emitting and sensing module200dof this embodiment is driven through four electrodes of the first electrode310, the electrode layer330, the third electrode352and the fourth electrode354.

FIG. 12is a drive block view of the light emitting and sensing module inFIG. 11,FIG. 13is a drive circuit diagram of a pixel of the light emitting and sensing module inFIG. 11, andFIG. 14is a drive oscillogram of the light emitting and sensing module inFIG. 11. Referring toFIG. 12toFIG. 14, the drive block view ofFIG. 12is similar to the drive block view ofFIG. 3, and the difference between the both lies in that the drive block view ofFIG. 12can conform to the manner in which the light emitting and sensing module200dofFIG. 11is driven through four electrodes. In other words, the light emitting unit drive circuit272dand the light sensing unit drive circuit274ddrive the light emitting unit222and the light sensing unit232d, respectively. In this embodiment, three adjacent light emitting units222are, for example, a red light emitting unit222r, a green light emitting unit222gand a blue light emitting unit222lrespectively, so that the light emitting and sensing module200dis capable of performing full color display.

The drive circuit diagram ofFIG. 13is similar to the drive circuit diagram ofFIG. 4, and the difference between the both is described as follows. The drive circuit diagram ofFIG. 13is simplified, the number of transistors used by the drive circuit is small, and the light emitting unit222and the light sensing unit232dare connected in parallel. Referring toFIG. 13andFIG. 14together, when a light emitting unit selection line282is at high voltage, a transistor291is turned on, and in this case, voltage of a light emitting unit data line284may be input to a gate of a transistor292, so as to adjust energy input by a voltage source VDDto a light emitting unit222in the pixel P, so that the light emitting unit222emits light. When the light emitting unit selection line282is at low voltage, the transistor291is turned off, and the light emitting unit222does not emit light.

On the other hand, when the light sensing unit reset lines288is at high voltage, the transistor294is turned on, so that the voltage source VDDis input to the N pole of the light sensing unit232d, so as to form reversely biased voltage. In this case, the transistor295is also turned on, and the voltage of the voltage source VDDmay be input to the transistor296. When a light emitting unit reset line288is at high voltage, the light sensing unit selection line286is also at high voltage, and in this case the read end70reads an electric signal from the voltage source VDDand is at high voltage. Then, when the light sensing unit reset line288is at low voltage while the light sensing unit selection line286is still at high voltage, the transistor294is turned off. However, when the transistor294is just turned off, the N pole of the light sensing unit232dis still at high potential, so that the read end70still reads the voltage from the voltage source VDD. However, when the light sensing unit232ddetects light and forms photocurrent flowing from the N pole to the P pole, the voltage of the N pole of the light sensing unit232dgradually decreases. In this case, the transistor295may be regarded as an amplifier for amplifying a voltage signal of the N pole of the light sensing unit232d, and therefore when the voltage of the N pole of the light sensing unit232dgradually decreases, the voltage read by the read end70also gradually decreases. Then, when the light sensing unit selection line286is at low voltage, the transistor296is turned off, and in this case, the voltage of the read end70also drops to low voltage.

The stronger the intensity of the light detected by the light sensing unit232dis, the greater the photocurrent is, so that the faster the voltage of the N pole decreases, and the faster the voltage of the read end70decreases. By measuring the rate of the voltage decrease of the read end70(such as an absolute value of the decrease slope) or measuring the voltage of the read end70occurring just before the light sensing unit selection lines286is switched from high voltage to low voltage, the intensity of the detected light may be converted into a voltage signal.

The time during which at least one of the light emitting unit data line284and the light emitting unit selection line282is at high voltage may be regarded as falling within a light emitting time period, and the time during which at least one of the light sensing unit selection line286and the light sensing unit reset line288is at high voltage may be regarded as falling within a light sensing time period. In this embodiment, the light emitting time period and the light sensing time period alternately occur, so that photography and projection apparatus adopting the light emitting and sensing module200dof this embodiment is capable of achieving projection and photography efficacy simultaneously. Moreover, in addition to shooting a static picture, a photography and projection apparatus adopting the light emitting and sensing module200dof this embodiment or a photography and projection apparatus of other embodiments may also shoot a dynamic movie or short film.

FIG. 15is another drive oscillogram of a drive circuit inFIG. 13. The drive oscillogram ofFIG. 15is similar to the drive oscillogram ofFIG. 14, and the difference between the both lies in that in the drive waveform ofFIG. 15, the light emitting time period is overlapped with the light sensing time. In other words, when the light emitting unit222is emitting light, the light sensing unit232dis detecting light. In this way, the light sensing unit232dis capable of detecting color and light intensity emitted by the light emitting unit222in real time, so as to adjust the drive energy of the light emitting unit222in real time, thereby adjusting and correcting the display color or display brightness of the light emitting and sensing module200d.

Referring toFIG. 12again, in another embodiment, a control unit (such as the control unit120shown inFIG. 1) is adapted to drive the light emitting units222of a first part of the pixels P to emit light (such as drive light emitting units222of pixels P at odd rows to emit light) in a time period, and drive the light sensing units232dof a second part of the pixels P to detect light (such as drive light sensing units232dof pixels P at even rows to detect light) simultaneously, wherein the first part of the pixels P is respectively adjacent to the second part of the pixels P (such as the pixels P at the odd rows are adjacent to the pixels P at the even rows respectively). In this way, the light sensing unit232din a pixel P is capable of detecting light emitted by the light emitting unit222of another adjacent pixel, and performing real-time adjustment and correction accordingly. Moreover, in a next time period, the light sensing units232dof the first part of the pixels P may be driven to detect light, and the light emitting units222of the second part of the pixels P may be driven to emit light.

FIG. 16Ais a schematic view of a local cross-section of a light emitting and sensing module according to yet another embodiment of the disclosure. Referring toFIG. 16A, a light emitting and sensing module200eof this embodiment is similar to the light emitting and sensing module200dinFIG. 11, and the difference between the both is described as follows. In this embodiment, a light sensing unit232eis a positive-intrinsic-negative (PIN) photodiode, but the light sensing unit232dofFIG. 11is a Schottky sensor. In this embodiment, a electrode layer330eis disposed on a surface of a silicon substrate50d, and is electrically connected to the silicon substrate50dand a circuit substrate (as shown inFIG. 11, and not shown inFIG. 16Aanymore). In this embodiment, silicon substrates50dof adjacent pixels P are connected to each other. Moreover, a first electrode310eis formed on a second doped semiconductor layer246of a light emitting unit222, so as to electrically connect the second doped semiconductor layer246and the circuit substrate.

In this embodiment, the light sensing unit232eis achieved by forming a P-type doped well area322eand a depletion area324eon an N-type doped silicon substrate50d, such as form a P-type doped well area322eon the silicon substrate50dwith ion implantation. Moreover, a second electrode320eis disposed on the P-type doped well area322e, so as to electrically connect the P-type doped well area322eand the circuit substrate. When light is received in the depletion area234e, a carrier may be generated, thereby generating photocurrent to be detected and analyzed. In other embodiments, the P-type doped well area322emay also be replaced with the N-type doped well area, and the N-type doped silicon substrate50dis replaced with the P-type doped silicon substrate, that is, the doping state of the doped well area is opposite to that of the silicon substrate.

In this embodiment, a light isolation structure360is disposed between two adjacent pixels, so as to prevent light emitted by a light emitting unit222in a pixel P from being detected by a light sensing unit232ein an adjacent pixel P. The light isolation structure360is, for example, a black light absorption structure, but the disclosure is not limited thereto. In this way, a light sensing unit232ein a pixel P only detects light emitted by the light emitting unit222in the same pixel, and does not detect light emitted by the light emitting unit222in another adjacent pixel, thereby improving precision of adjustment and correction of color and brightness.

FIG. 16Bis a schematic view of a local cross-section of a light emitting and sensing module according to another embodiment of the disclosure. Referring toFIG. 16B, a light emitting and sensing module200gof this embodiment is similar to the light emitting and sensing module200einFIG. 16A, and the difference between the both is described as follows. in the light emitting and sensing module200gof this embodiment, the light sensing unit232gis achieved by forming a depletion area324gon an N-type doped silicon substrate50d, and a second electrode320gis disposed on the depletion area324gand contacts the depletion area324g. In other words, the light sensing unit232gis a Schottky sensor. When light is received in the depletion area234g, a carrier may be generated, thereby generating photocurrent to be detected and analyzed. In this embodiment, the second electrode320gis, for example, an annular electrode, but the disclosure is not limited thereto. In other embodiments, the second electrode320gmay also be an electrode in other shapes.

FIG. 17is a schematic view of a pixel of a light emitting and sensing module according to yet another embodiment of the disclosure. Referring toFIG. 17, a light emitting and sensing module200fof this embodiment is similar to the light emitting and sensing module200dinFIG. 11, and the difference between the both is described as follows. In this embodiment, the light sensing unit232fis a field effect transistor. The light sensing unit232fis disposed on a P-type doped well area51fof a silicon substrate50d. The light sensing unit232fincludes an N-type doped well area256f, a gate257fand an insulation layer258f, wherein the insulation layer258fis disposed on the P-type doped well area51fand is adjacent to the N-type doped well area256f. When proper voltage is applied to the gate257f, a depletion area259fis generated below the gate257f, and when light is irradiated to the light sensing unit232f, the depletion area259fgenerates photocurrent, so as to convert a light signal into an electric signal, thereby achieving light detection effect. A transistor370is a transmitting transistor, configured to transmit the photoelectric carrier generated in the depletion area259fto an external signal to be read. A transistor294is a reset transistor, configured to reset an image sensing state. Transistors295and296on the right ofFIG. 17and circuits thereof are the same as those of the transistors295and296shown inFIG. 13, and are not repeated herein. Moreover, the transistors295and296ofFIG. 17may be disposed in a circuit substrate. However, in this embodiment, a part of a circuit disposed in the circuit substrate may be changed to be disposed on the silicon substrate50d, as shown inFIG. 17, and the transistor294ofFIG. 13is disposed on the P-type doped well area51fon the silicon substrate50d. In an embodiment, a charge coupled device (CCD) or complementary metal oxide semiconductor sensor (CMOS sensor) may be manufactured on the silicon substrate50d, so as to detect light.

FIG. 18Ais a schematic view of epitaxial structure in a process of manufacturing a light emitting and sensing module according to another embodiment of the disclosure, andFIG. 18Bis a schematic view of a local cross-section of the light emitting and sensing module manufactured from the structure inFIG. 18A. Referring toFIGS. 18A and 18B, a light emitting and sensing module200hof this embodiment is similar to the light emitting and sensing module200inFIG. 2B, and the difference between the both is as follows. In the light emitting and sensing module200hof this embodiment, a light sensing unit232hincludes a fifth doped semiconductor layer412and Schottky contacts414and416, wherein the fifth doped semiconductor layer412is connected to the light emitting unit222through the conductive connection layer260, e.g. being connected to the second doped semiconductor layer246of the light emitting unit222. In addition, the Schottky contacts414and416are spaced from each other and disposed on a side of the fifth doped semiconductor layer412facing away from the light emitting unit222. The junction between the Schottky contact414and the fifth doped semiconductor layer412is a Schottky junction, and the junction between the Schottky contact416and the fifth doped semiconductor layer412is also a Schottky junction, so that the fifth doped semiconductor layer412and the Schottky contacts414and416form a metal-semiconductor-metal Schottky photodiode, which achieves the function of light sensing. In this embodiment, the fifth doped semiconductor layer412is, for example, an n-type semiconductor layer. However, in other embodiments, the fifth doped semiconductor layer412may be a p-type semiconductor layer. In this embodiment, the Schottky contact414may be electrically connected to the circuit substrate270through a bump422, and the Schottky contact416may be electrically connected to the circuit substrate270through a bump424.

Reference may be made toFIG. 18Afor the manufacturing process of the light emitting unit222and the light sensing unit232h. Firstly, the first doped semiconductor layer242, the light emitting layer244, the second doped semiconductor layer246, the conductive connection layer260, and the fifth doped semiconductor layer412are grown on the substrate50in sequence. Next, selective etching is performed on these layers, so that these layers form a mesa area T1and a step area T2as shown inFIG. 18B. Afterwards, the entire structure is inverted, and is bonded onto the circuit substrate270through the Schottky contact414, the Schottky contact416, and the second electrode320. For example, the Schottky contact414is bonded to the circuit substrate270through the bump422, the Schottky contact416is bonded to the circuit substrate270through the bump424, and the second electrode320is bonded to the circuit substrate270through the bump426. Then, the substrate50is removed. Afterwards, the electrode layer330is formed on the first doped semiconductor layer242. In this way, the entire of each light emitting unit222and light sensing unit232hforms a four terminal device, i.e. a device including four electrodes of the Schottky contact414, the Schottky contact416, the electrode layer330, and the second electrode320.

In other embodiments, the conductive connection layer260is not adopted, and the second doped semiconductor layer246directly contacts the fifth doped semiconductor layer412, i.e., the fifth doped semiconductor layer412is formed directly on the second doped semiconductor layer246. Alternatively, in other embodiments, the conductive connection layer260may be replaced by a transparent insulating layer. In another embodiment, when the selective etching is performed on these layers, a connecting part R of the first doped semiconductor layer242between two adjacent pixels may be etched, so that the first doped semiconductor layers242of two adjacent pixels P are not continuous.

FIG. 19Ais a block diagram of a photography and projection apparatus according to still another embodiment of the disclosure,FIG. 19Bis a flow chart showing an application method of a photography and projection apparatus inFIG. 19A, andFIGS. 20A to 20Dshow application methods of a photography and projection apparatus according to an embodiment of the disclosure. Referring toFIGS. 1, 19A, 19B, and 20Afirst, a photography and projection apparatus100iin this embodiment is similar to the photography and projection apparatus100inFIG. 1, and the difference between the both lies in that a control unit120iof the photography and projection apparatus100iin this embodiment includes an operation sub-unit122. The application method of the photography and projection apparatus100iin this embodiment includes following steps. First, a step S110is executed, i.e. a first projection image is projected. Specifically, in this embodiment, first image data D1is provided to the first driver80by the control unit120i, and the first driver80drives the light emitting and sensing device205to generate a first image. The projection lens110projects the first image onto a screen40, so as to form the first projection image I1on the screen40. Then, a step S120is executed, i.e. a second image I2is formed on the first projection image I1. For example, the second image I2is formed on the first projection image I1by an external device30. In this embodiment, the external device30is, for example, a laser pointer, and the second image I2is, for example, an image of a light spot on the screen formed by a laser light emitted from the laser pointer or an image of a moving track of the light spot on the screen40.

Afterwards, a step S130is executed, i.e. the second image I2is detected, and the second image I2is converted into second image data D2. In this embodiment, the second driver90is commanded by the control unit120ito drive the light sensing array230of the light emitting and sensing device205to detect the second image I2and to convert the second image I2into the second image data D2. Next, the second driver90transmits the second image data D2to the control unit120i.

Then, a step140is executed, i.e. the first image data D1and the second image data D2are operated to generate third image data D3. In this embodiment, the first image data D1and the second image data D2may be operated by the control unit120i, e.g. operated by the operation sub-unit122of the control unit120i, so as to generate the third image data D3.

Next, a step150is executed, i.e. a third projection image I3corresponding to the third image data D3is projected. For example, the third projection image I3is projected onto the screen40. In this embodiment, the third image data D3is provided to the first driver80by the control unit120i, and the first driver80drives the light emitting and sensing device205to generate the third image. The projection lens110projects the third image onto the screen40to generate the third projection image I3.

In this embodiment, the first projection image I1may include an object I11, and the second image I2is, for example, the track formed by using the laser pointer circling the object I1, e.g. a track similar to a circle. In addition, the third projection image I3may include a converted image I22similar to the second image I2, and the converted image I22is, for example, an image of a geometric figure. For example, the converted image I22is, for example, an image of a circle. In this embodiment, the third projection image I3is, for example, an image formed by superimposing the converted image I22onto the first projection image I1. However, in other embodiments, the third projection image I3is, for example, an image formed by subtracting the converted image I22from the first projection image I1, i.e. the converted image I22on the screen40presents the color of background, e.g., black. In this way, drawing on the screen by the external device30is achieved.

In addition, in this embodiment, the laser light projected from the external device30is, for example, visible light or invisible light, wherein the invisible light is, for example, infrared light.

Moreover, in this embodiment, the formation method of the converted image122is, for example, that the operation sub-unit122compares the second image data D2with a built-in figure database, and selects a figure most similar to the second image I2from the built-in figure database to serve as converted image data, and the converted image data is superimposed onto the first image data D1to generate third image data D3, wherein the converted image data generates the converted image I22correspondingly. However, in other embodiments, the converted image data may be subtracted from the first image data D1to generate the third image data D3. For example, the converted image I22inFIG. 20Ais, for example, a circle. Additionally, the second image I2′ inFIG. 20Bis, for example, a figure similar to a straight line, and the converted image I22′ is, for example, a straight line.

Moreover, referring toFIG. 20C, operation sub-unit122can also compare the second image data D2with a built-in character (or letter) database to select a character (or a letter) most similar to the second image I2″. Then, the control unit120superimposes the converted image data representing the character (or letter) onto the first image data D1to form the third image data D3. In this way, the third projection image I3″ including the converted image I22″, i.e. a character or letter, is projected onto the screen40. Alternatively, in other embodiments, the converted image may be subtracted from the first image data D1to generate the third image data D3.

Referring toFIG. 20Dagain, in this embodiment, the second image I2is, for example, a track of light projected by an external device30, and the object I11has a corresponding object area, for example, the rectangle inFIG. 20D. Moreover, the operation sub-unit determines whether a least part of the second image I2is located within the object area or not. That is, whether a least part of the second image I2is located within the object area or not is determined according to the second image data D2and the first image data D1. If yes, the control unit120iturns on the function corresponding to the second image I2(i.e. the track of light). For example, if the track of light is formed by moving from a start position to a terminal position, and the start position is located within the object area, then the operation sub-unit122generates a third image data D3, so as to correspondingly form a third projection image I3′″ on the screen40, wherein the object I11included by the third projection image I3′″ is located at the terminal position. In this way, the object I11in the first projection image I1may be moved by the external device30. In addition, in another embodiment, the function corresponding to the second image I2may be music or video playing, hyperlink opening, or page change.

As such, when the photography and projection apparatus100iand the application method thereof are used to a briefing with projection images, interaction with the projection images may be achieved by the external device30, e.g. the laser pointer, so as to increase the ability of the interaction and effect of the briefing with projection images.

FIG. 21shows an application of the photography and projection apparatus according to yet another embodiment of the disclosure. Referring toFIG. 21, when a plurality of photography and projection apparatuses100are used together, an optical communication system is formed, and each of the photography and projection apparatuses100serves as an optical transceiver device. InFIG. 21, two photography and projection apparatuses100are taken as an example. As shown inFIG. 21, two photography and projection apparatuses100may be disposed to face each other, and the projection lens110may be a lens transforming the image beam B from the light emitting and sensing device205into a parallel beam. As such, the image beam B generated by one of the two photography and projection apparatuses100is capable of being projected parallelly onto the projection lens110of the other one of the two photography and projection apparatuses100, and the projection lens110of the other one of the two photography and projection apparatuses100forms an image of the image beam B on the light emitting and sensing device205of the other one of the two photography and projection apparatuses100. In other words, whenFIG. 21is taken as an example, when receiving an output signal SO, the left photography and projection apparatus100converts the output signal SO into an image beam B. Then, the image beam B is parallelly projected onto the right photography and projection apparatus100, and the right photography and projection apparatus100converts the image beam B into an input signal SI, and the action of optical communication is achieved, wherein the output signal SO and the input signal SI are, for example, electrical signals. On the other hand, when receiving an output signal SO, the right photography and projection apparatus100converts the output signal SO into an image beam B, and the projection lens110is configured to parallelly project the image beam B onto the left photography and projection apparatus100. The light emitting and sensing device205of the left photography and projection apparatus100converts the image beam B into an output signal SO. In this way, the optical communication in another direction is achieved. In other words, the optical communication system in this embodiment achieves bidirectional optical communication.

In another embodiment, one-to-many bidirectional optical communication of one photography and projection apparatus100to a plurality of photography and projection apparatuses100may also be achieved. For example, the projection lens110of the one photography and projection apparatus100may cause the image beam B from the light emitting and sensing device205to be a divergent light, so that the image beam B is capable of striking the plurality of photography and projection apparatuses100. As such, one-to-many bidirectional optical communication is achieved. The disclosure does not limit the image beam B transformed by the projection lens110to be a parallel beam or a divergent beam. In another embodiment, the transformed image beam B may be a convergent beam.

In this embodiment, since the two photography and projection apparatuses100may use the projection lenses110thereof to automatically adjust focal lengths and directivity in response to the signals generated from the light sensing unit array230, so as to ensure optimal quality of optical signals. As a result, free space may be located between the two photography and projection apparatuses100, and the two photography and projection apparatuses100may transmit optical signals without optical fibers. Therefore, signal transmitting channels in free space may be formed between the two photography and projection apparatuses100. Moreover, since each of the light emitting unit array220and the light sensing unit array230has a plurality of pixels P, the photography and projection apparatus100in this embodiment may achieve a visible light optical communication structure with multiple channels and high speed.

In addition, visible light may be used to transmit signals in this embodiment, so that interference with statutory radio frequency (RF) signals or signals within other bands does not occur, and confidentiality protection of information is achieved. Besides, the image generated by the light emitting unit array220and the image received by the light sensing unit array230may be hologram images, i.e. the images produced by holography. As a result, the image beam B may transmit huger information.

Moreover, colorization of the pixels P may be achieved through phosphors, quantum dots, nano-phosphors, polymer, organic material, or inorganic material, so that the transmitted optical signals may carry more information, and more information is analyzed by detecting different colors. Moreover, not only is different colors detected and determined, but also different color temperatures and color rendering indices may be detected and determined. Additionally, different colors may be used to transmit signals with different properties. Alternatively, uploaded signals may adopt one color, and downloaded signals may adopt another color, so that double communication is achieved.

Furthermore, a photonic crystal may be formed on the surface of the light emitting unit array220, and the holes of the photonic crystal go deep into the light emitting layer244to generate surface recombination mechanism, thus further increasing the response rate of light emission of the light emitting unit array220.

Besides, the projection lens110of the photography and projection apparatus100may be replaced by a lens array disposed on the light emitting unit array220. Alternatively, the shapes of a grating, the photonic crystal, and the mesa area T1of the light emitting unit array220may be adopted to control the light shape and the transmission direction of the image beam B.

To sum up, because the light emitting and sensing module in the photography and projection apparatus of this embodiment of the disclosure can integrate the light emitting unit array and the light sensing unit array together, the light emitting and sensing module may have small volume, and have both display (or projection display) and light detection functions. Moreover, because the light emitting and sensing module may directly emit an image beam, instead of being like the case that a conventional projection apparatus adopts a light valve to convert an illumination beam generated by an illumination system into an image beam, the photography and projection apparatus of the embodiments of the disclosure may save the space occupied by the light path of the illumination beam in the prior art, thereby effectively shrinking the volume of the photography and projection apparatus of the embodiments of the disclosure. In this way, the photography and projection apparatus of the embodiments of the disclosure is appropriately mounted in a portable electronic apparatus and does not occupy excessive volume, and can further shrink the entire volume of the portable electronic apparatus. Additionally, in the embodiments of the disclosure, the light sensing unit array may also be utilized to detect the light emitted by the light emitting unit array, so as to perform image correction or adjustment (such as color adjustment and correction, or brightness adjustment and correction).