ELECTRONIC DEVICE

A head-mountable device includes a display portion a facial interface, a stiffness profile modifier, a sensor, and a securement assembly. The display portion includes a display. The facial interface has a variable stiffness profile. The stiffness profile modifier is configured to automatically change the facial interface from having a first stiffness profile to having a second stiffness profile in response to sensor data. The sensor is configured to generate the sensor profile data. The securement assembly is connectable to the display portion. The securement assembly includes a removable strap and a retention band that is connectable to the removable strap. The removable strap includes electronics.

FIELD

The described embodiments relate generally to electronic devices. More particularly, the present embodiments relate to adjustable features of wearable electronic devices.

BACKGROUND

Recent advances in portable computing have enabled head-mountable devices that provide augmented reality and virtual reality (AR/VR) experiences to users. Such head-mountable devices can include various components such as a display, a viewing frame, lenses, a battery, motors, speakers, and other components. These components can operate together to provide an immersive user experience. In particular, head mountable-devices include components that help provide a distraction-free setting by blocking or sealing out the outer environment (e.g., ambient light).

The goal of head-mountable devices is prolonged and comfortable use, even though each user has a unique facial profile and thus different engagement points. Therefore, a head-mountable device capable of dynamically adjusting for comfortable prolonged use is desired.

SUMMARY

In one example, a head-mountable device includes a display portion, a facial interface, a stiffness profile modifier, a sensor, and a securement assembly. The display portion includes a display. The facial interface is connected to the display portion and includes a variable stiffness profile. The head-mountable device also includes a sensor configured to generate sensor data, and a stiffness profile modifier connected to the sensor and configured to change the facial interface from a first stiffness profile to a second stiffness profile in response to sensor data from the sensor.

In at least one example, the head-mountable device can include a removable strap and a retention band that is connectable to the removable strap. The removable strap can include electronics. In some examples, the facial interface includes a heat reactive foam, the sensor is disposed in the facial interface, and the stiffness profile modifier is a heater. Additionally, in some examples, first stiffness profile has a first configuration of first stiffened areas and first relaxed areas, and the second stiffness profile has a second configuration of second stiffened areas different than the first stiffened areas, and second relaxed areas different than the first relaxed areas.

In at least one example, at least one of the first stiffness profile or the second stiffness profile is based on a user activity.

In at least one example, the stiffness profile modifier utilizes induced-temperature flux to change the facial interface from having the first stiffness profile to having the second stiffness profile.

In at least one example, the stiffness profile modifier can include a pump.

In at least one example, the stiffness profile modifier is further configured to change the facial interface from the second stiffness profile to a third stiffness profile in response to additional sensor data.

In at least one example, the head-mountable device includes a manual control to actuate the stiffness profile modifier.

In at least one example, the sensor is a timer.

In at least one example, the sensor is positioned on or within the facial interface.

In one example, an apparatus includes a display portion, a face-engaging structure, a tensioner, a first sensor, and a second sensor. The display portion includes a display. The face-engaging structure has a first modifiable pressure region, and a second modifiable pressure region. The tensioner can include at least one of a mechanical tensioner or a pneumatic tensioner connected to the first modifiable pressure region and the second modifiable pressure region. The first sensor is configured to generate first sensor data and the second sensor is configured to generate second sensor data. The tensioner is configured to actuate when the first sensor data satisfies a first threshold criteria and the second sensor data satisfies a second threshold criteria.

In at least one example, the tensioner includes at least one of a spring, an actuator, or a magnet.

In at least one example, the tensioner includes at least one of a pulley or a bladder.

In at least one example, the first sensor is a camera, and the second sensor includes at least one of a tissue displacement sensor or an electrical signal sensor.

In at least one example, the first modifiable pressure region corresponds to at least one of a zygoma region, a maxilla region, or a forehead region on a human head, and the second modifiable pressure region corresponds to at least one of a zygoma region, a maxilla region, or a forehead region on a human head different than the first modifiable pressure region.

In one example, a wearable apparatus includes a display portion, a foam pad connected to the display portion, a sensor, and a controller. The display portion includes a display. The foam pad includes a first heater and a second heater. The first heater is configured to heat a first portion of the foam pad. The second heater is configured to heat a second portion of the foam pad that differs from the first portion of the foam pad. The controller is communicatively coupled to the sensor, the first heater, and the second heater.

In at least one example, the foam pad is a heat-reactive foam.

In at least one example, the first heater and the second heater are configured to operate at alternating times.

In at least one example, the first heater and the second heater include a first infrared heater and a second infrared heater, respectively.

In at least one example, the first heater and the second heater include a first pneumatic heat line and a second pneumatic heat line.

In at least one example, the first heater and the second heater are configured to use thermal exhaust from the wearable apparatus.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

The following disclosure relates to a head-mountable device which can include a display portion including a display, a facial interface, a stiffness profile modifier, a sensor, and a securement assembly. The facial interface can have a variable stiffness profile and the stiffness profile modifier can automatically change the facial interface from having a first stiffness profile to having a second stiffness profile in response to sensor data generated by the sensor. The securement assembly can be connectable to the display portion and can include a removable strap with electronics and a retention band connectable to the removable strap.

By automatically articulating the head-mountable device (HMD) via the stiffness profile modifier, one or more examples of the HMD disclosed herein can increase the comfort experienced by the user. For example, over a prolonged duration of use of a head-mountable device, comfort profiles can change. In a first manner, indications can manifest themselves on the user's face signaling extended use, such indicators can include visually apparent color change where the head-mountable device contacts the user's face. In some instances, facial muscles and tissue experiencing prolonged contact can affect a user's comfort level.

To help increase comfort during extended use, an HMD of the present disclosure can implement a variety of example embodiments. Some examples of an HMD include a stiffness profile modifier to automatically adjust a stiffness of regions or points of contact between the HMD and the user's face. In one example, a stiffness profile modifier can include a pneumatic bladder which can be locally inflated and/or deflated to control a pressure and stiffness of a specific pressure region. In another example, a stiffness profile modifier can include various heaters or heat sources which can transport thermal energy along thermally conductive channels to selectively and controllably soften or harden seat-sensitive foam. Heaters can be infrared heaters, radiative heaters, or can utilize native heat dissipation from the HMD. In another example, a stiffness profile modifier can include a pneumatic heat tensioner which can transport temperature-controlled gas or liquid to modify stiffness/pressure of pressure regions. In another example, a stiffness profile modifier can include a mechanical tensioner which selectively tightens/loosens lines to adjust the pressure regions. Other examples can include utilizing a magnetic-field-based viscosity dependence of a fluid, mechanical springs, etc. Additionally or alternatively, these or other examples can be combined in a variety of ways, as may be desired. Additionally or alternatively, various examples of an HMD can implement a stiffness profile modifier that can be adjusted manually (e.g., via an input control, such as a button or dial) or via hands-free communication (e.g., hand gestures, eye movements, voice-commands, etc. detected by a sensor disclosed herein).

These and other examples are discussed below with reference toFIGS.1-9. However, those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that the detailed description given herein with respect to these figures is for explanatory purposes only and should not be construed as limiting. Furthermore, as used herein, a system, a method, an article, a component, a feature, or a sub-feature comprising at least one of a first option, a second option, or a third option should be understood as referring to a system, a method, an article, a component, a feature, or a sub-feature that can include one of each listed option (e.g., only one of the first option, only one of the second option, or only one of the third option), multiple of a single listed option (e.g., two or more of the first option), two options simultaneously (e.g., one of the first option and one of the second option), or combination thereof (e.g., two of the first option and one of the second option).

FIG.1Aillustrates a top view of a head-mountable device100being worn on a head101of a user, according to one example. The head-mountable device100, as well as other wearable electronic devices disclosed herein, can also be referred to as HMD systems, electronic devices, wearable devices or apparatuses, or simply as devices. The head-mountable device100can include a number of components, including modular components, interchangeable components, etc. For example, the head-mountable device100can include a head-mounted display (HMD)102, which includes a housing104and a display106attached to the housing104for displaying images to the user.

The HMD102can also be referred to as a display portion or display module having the display106. The display portion can include the housing104and the display106that at least partially constitutes the HMD. In one or more examples, including the example shown inFIG.1and other examples shown in other figures, the HMD102can also be referred to as an output component or output module. Such output components, modules, or portions can include one or more outputs other than visual outputs from a display. For example, an output module similar to the HMD102can include a speaker that outputs sound instead of, or in addition to, the display106shown inFIG.1. As another example, HMD102(as an output module) can include a haptic interface for generating vibrations or other sensory outputs.

The head-mountable device can100also include a facial interface103. As used herein, the terms “facial interface” or “interface” refer to a portion of the head-mountable device100that engages a user face via direct contact. In particular, a facial interface includes portions of the head-mountable device100that conform to (e.g., compress against) regions of the user face. For example, a facial interface may include a pliant (or semi-pliant) face track or foam that spans the forehead, wraps around the eyes, contacts the zygoma and maxilla regions of the face, and bridges the nose. Furthermore, a facial interface can include various components forming a structure, webbing, cover, fabric, or frame of a head-mountable device disposed between the HMD102and the skin of a user. In particular implementations, a facial interface can include a seal (e.g., a light seal, an environment seal, a dust seal, an air seal, etc.). It will be appreciated that the term “seal” can include partial seals or inhibitors, in addition to complete seals (e.g., a partial light seal where some ambient light is blocked and a complete light seal where all ambient light is blocked when the head-mountable device is donned).

The facial interface can include a variable stiffness profile which can have different configurations of stiffened areas and relaxed areas. As used herein, a stiffened area is an area of the facial interface that is actuated by the stiffness profile modifier (e.g., tensioner) to increase pressure on the user's face compared to a non-actuated area of the facial interface. Further, a relaxed area is an area of the facial interface that is not actuated by the stiffness profile modifier. In some examples, different areas of the facial interface can be actuated (e.g., a stiffened area) to varying degrees. For example, a first area of the facial interface can be a first stiffened area with a first stiffness greater than a stiffness of the relaxed area, and a second area of the facial interface can be a second stiffness area with a second stiffness that is different from the first stiffness and is greater than the stiffness of the relaxed area. For example, the facial interface can have a first stiffness profile including a configuration of stiffened areas and relaxed areas; and the facial interface can have a second stiffness profile including a configuration of stiffened areas and relaxed areas that are at least partially different from the first configuration of stiffened areas as and relaxed areas. Furthermore, the facial interface can have additional stiffness profiles, such as third, fourth, fifth, etc. that include configurations that are at least partially different from each of the other configurations of stiffened areas. The head-mountable device100can include a stiffness profile modifier to change the stiffness profile of the facial interface.

In addition, the exemplary head-mountable device100can include connector(s)105. As used herein, the terms “connector” or “joint” refer to a joining between the HMD102and the facial interface103. In some examples, a connector allows the facial interface103to translate or rotate relative to the HMD102via the connector. In other examples, a connector allows the facial interface103to both translate and/or rotate relative to the HMD102. In at least some examples, the facial interface103can be removably attached to, and detached from, the connector(s)105(or another portion of the HMD102). For instance, in certain examples, the facial interface103can be swapped out for a different facial interface. In other examples, the facial interface103is permanently attached to the connector(s)105. In particular implementations, the connector(s)105moveably constrain the facial interface103to the HMD102at one or more various positions, such as a forehead region, a zygoma region, or a maxilla region.

As used herein, the term “forehead region” refers to an area of a human face between the eyes and the scalp of a human. Additionally, the term “maxilla region” refers to an area of a human face corresponding to the zygomatic bone structure of a human. Similarly, the term “maxilla region” refers to an area of a human face corresponding to the maxilla bone structure of a human. It will be appreciated that the foregoing regions can correspond to particular structure of the head-mountable device100. However, such structure of the head-mountable device100is not dependent on a face or a user.

The head-mountable device100can include one or more sensors118and120disposed on or within at least one of the facial interface103or the display portion. As depicted inFIG.1A, the sensor(s)118can be disposed on or within the display106, and the sensor(s)120can be disposed on or within the facial interface103. The sensor(s)118and120can be configured to generate sensor data. The sensor(s)118and120can generate various sensor data. Any of the sensor(s)118and120can include one or more of a timer, a camera, a pressure sensor, a temperature sensor, a tissue displacement sensor, and electrical signal sensor, a vibration sensor, or any combination thereof. Additionally or alternatively, the sensor(s)118,120can include an oxygen device, a movement device, a brain activity device, a sweat gland activity device, a breathing activity device, a muscle contraction device, a nerve signal detection device, etc. Some particular examples of sensors can include an electrooculography sensor, an electrocardiography sensor, an EKG sensor, a heart rate variability sensor, a blood volume pulse sensor, an SpO2 sensor, a compact pressure sensor, an electromyography sensor, a core-body temperature sensor, a galvanic skin sensor, an accelerometer, a gyroscope, a magnetometer, an inclinometer, a barometer, an infrared sensor, a global positioning system sensor, etc. The head-mountable device100can include a stiffness profile modifier (not shown) which is configured to automatically change the facial interface103between the various stiffness profiles (e.g., from the first stiffness profile to the second stiffness profile) in response to sensor data generated by the sensor(s)118and120.

In addition, one example of the device100can include a securement assembly108that secures the HMD102to the user's head101. The securement assembly108can include removable straps110,112. As used herein, the term “removable strap” refers to an element (e.g., a band, connection piece, etc.) that couples the HMD102and the retention band114. In particular examples, the removable straps110,112removably (i.e., detachably) connect to both of the HMD102and the retention band114. For example, each of the removable straps110,112can be removably connected to the HMD102(or the housing or the display portion thereof) and the retention band114at opposing ends of each removable strap110,112, as shown inFIG.1. In such an example, the securement assembly108is modular in that each of the removable straps110,112, and the retention band114can be connected and detached, as may be desired. For instance, each of the removable straps110,112can be removed from the securement assembly108and swapped out for one or more other modules, straps, or electronic components.

In these or other examples, at least one of the removable straps110,112can include electronics, such as connectors or ports for data and/or power transmission (e.g., via dongles or tethers). For instance, the removable straps110,112can couple to an external device or display. In another instance, the removable straps110,112can couple to a power supply.

In certain examples, the removable straps110,112include an electronics pod116(shown inFIG.2A). As used herein, the term “electronics pod” refers to a subassembly, an enclosure, or a shell dedicated for housing certain electronics. Some example electronics include a speaker, memory device, processor, controller, system on chip, printed circuit board, etc. In particular implementations, electrical components of the electronics pod are communicatively coupled to the HMD102(e.g., via one or more cables). Additionally or alternatively, the electronics pod can be coupled to one or more dongles, adapters, connectors, etc. In some examples, the head-mountable device100can include an input device such as a button124. The button124can function as a manual control to actuate the stiffness profile modifier. In some examples, the head-mountable device100can additionally or alternatively include one more manual controls such as toggles, levers, dials, buttons, sliders, rockers, switches, etc. to allow a user to manually actuate the stiffness profile modifier. The button124(as well as other manual controls) can allow the user to manually actuate the stiffness profile modifier, rather than waiting for it to be done automatically (e.g., based on sensor data), if desired.

The securement assembly108can further include a retention band114connectable to the removable strap. As used herein, the term “retention band” refers to a securing element that helps positionally secure the device100in place. A retention band can include a band, a tie, or another securement element (e.g., to secure the device100on or around the user's head101). Additionally, a retention band can be formed of a variety of materials, such as knit fabric, silicone, foam, etc. In some examples, a retention band can be loosened or tightened for comfort and proper fit. The securement assembly108is therefore configured to removably secure the head-mountable device100, including the HMD102, to the head101of the user when the removable straps110,112and retention band114are connected, as shown inFIG.1.

One or more other examples of the device100can include alternative configurations of the removable straps110,112shown inFIG.1. For example, the device100can be positioned elsewhere along the securement assembly108(differently than shown inFIG.1). In addition, one or more examples of wearable electronic devices described herein can include one or more intermediate members, flexible straps, or other optional supplemental components and electronic modules, such as external power supplies, memory components, and/or processors.

In the example shown inFIG.1, when the device100is worn on the head101of the user, the removable strap110is positioned on the left side of the user's head and the removable strap112is positioned on the right side of the user's head. The retention band114can span between the removable straps110,112to wrap around the back of the user's head101and secure the device100on the user's head101, as shown.

In some examples, and as shown, the device100can be worn on the user's head101such that the HMD102is worn on the user's face and disposed over one or both of the user's eyes. The HMD102can be removably connected to one or more of the removable straps110,112as mentioned above. In some examples, the removable straps110,112can be positioned against the side of a user's head101, and can be in contact therewith. In some examples, the removable straps110,112can be positioned above the user's ear or ears. In some examples, the removable straps110,112can be positioned adjacent to the user's ear or ears. The removable straps110,112can be removably connected to the retention band114, which can extend around the user's head101and can removably connect to the other of the removable straps110,112. In this way, the HMD102, removable straps110,112, and retention band114can form a loop that can securely retain the device100on the user's head101. While a single loop configuration is illustrated inFIG.1, any number of loop and/or strap configurations can be incorporated with, and can form a part of, the exemplary device100.

As mentioned, the removable straps110,112can connect to the HMD102, both mechanically and electrically. In particular examples, the removable straps110,112can receive and/or relay at least one of data or power via such connections. In these or other examples, the removable straps110,112can connect to the HMD102at an HMD connection location that can include an electrical input or electrical connector that is attached to the housing104and electrically connected to the display106. This location can be identified as a temple area that can be defined as an area near a user's temple adjacent to the user's eye and can span from in front of the user's eye to approximately 1.0-1.5 inches past the outer corner of a user's eye, along the side of the user's head101.

Similarly, the removable straps110,112can connect to the retention band114at a retention band connection location identified as an area that can span to include the area above the user's ear or within 0.5 inches of the outer edge of the ear on either side. In this manner, the removable straps110,112are able to provide structural support between the HMD102and the user's ear, while securely connecting the retention band114and transferring the retention forces of the retention band114through the device100. It should be understood, however, that this configuration is just one example of how the components of the head-mountable device100can be arranged, and that in some examples, a different number of removable straps and/or retention bands can be included.

While a user wearing an HMD102on his or her head101is shown as one example of a wearable electronic device, the modular components, features, and advantages of various examples of electronic devices disclosed herein can also apply to other wearable electronic devices having securement mechanisms, including but not limited to wearable smart watches, fitness trackers, smart glasses, medical monitor devices, and so forth. For example, the housing104and display106of HMD102shown inFIG.1can also be configured as a housing and display for a smart watch module secured to the user's arm or wrist via a securement mechanism or assembly similar to the securement assembly108shown inFIG.1. Although referred to as a head-mountable device100, it should be understood that the device100can include multiple modular components or devices and can be interchangeably referred to as a wearable electronic device, wearable apparatus, wearable electronic device system, and/or wearable electronic system. Additionally, although a particular component can be referred to as an HMD, it should be understood that the terms HMD, HMD device, and/or HMD system can be used to refer to the electronic device100as a whole.

FIG.1Billustrates a perspective view of the head-mountable device100, according to one example. As shown, the device100includes at least some of the same or similar features discussed above in relation toFIG.1A, such as the HMD102, the removable straps (e.g., the removable strap110), the electronics pod116, the retention band114, and so forth.

In addition, the device100can include an adjustable tension mechanism142. As used herein, the term “adjustable tension mechanism” refers to one or more elements that can change the tension of at least one component retaining the HMD102against a user's head. In certain examples, an adjustable tension mechanism includes one or more tension wires, cables, or similar tensioning elements. In some examples, the adjustable tension mechanism includes one or more clips, belts, straps, etc. to allow the user of the head-mountable device100to adjust the strap about the user's head.

Any of the features, components, parts, including the arrangements and configurations thereof shown inFIGS.1A-1Bcan be included, either alone or in any combination, in any of the other examples of devices, features, components, and parts shown in the other figures. Likewise, any of the features, components, parts, including the arrangements and configurations thereof shown in the other figures can be included, either alone or in any combination, in the example of the devices, features, components, and parts shown inFIGS.1A-1B. Additional details of the device, including detailed profile views are detailed below with reference toFIGS.2A-2B.

FIGS.2A-2Billustrate side and front view profiles, respectively, of an example of the head-mountable device100. As discussed above, the head-mountable device100includes the HMD102(which includes the housing104and the display106), the facial interface103, and the connector(s)105. In particular, as shown inFIGS.2A-2B, the facial interface103can have a variety of contact points with a human face (or in alternative examples, other body portions such as a wrist). Moreover, as will be discussed below, the facial interface103can dynamically change contact points, pressure points, and/or stiffness profiles along a human face, head or body (e.g., in real-time responsive to sensor data indicative of a detected prolonged tissue engagement, detected temperature, detected blood flow, user input, a lapse of a predetermined amount of time, etc.).

As used herein, the term “contact point” refers to a particular tissue area and/or bony structure engaged (e.g., touched or compressed against) by the facial interface103. For instance, the facial interface103comprises contact points that include areas around the eyes201, over the nose region202, span the forehead region203, and touch a maxilla region204and a zygoma region205. The foregoing examples of contact points correspond to global facial areas and facial anatomy. However, contact points can also refer to more granular positioning and localized touchpoints. For instance, a contact point can refer to a first tissue portion on one side of a blood vessel, and another contact point can refer to a second tissue portion on the other side of the blood vessel. In another instance, a contact point can reference one or more skin pores, and another contact point can reference another one or more skin pores.

In at least one example, the facial interface103(also referred to as a face-engaging structure) includes modifiable pressure regions which correspond to at least one of the nose region202, the zygoma region205, the maxilla region204, or the forehead region203on the human head101. The head-mountable device can include a tensioner, as describe below with respect to the remaining figures. The tensioner can include at least one of a mechanical tensioner, an electromechanical tensioner, a thermal tensioner, or any other tensioner to actuate the modifiable pressure regions. The tensioner can be configured to actuate when sensor data generated by sensor(s)118and120satisfy respective threshold criteria. In some examples, the sensors118and120can include thermometers and the tensioner can modify the pressure regions when the contact point exceeds a certain threshold temperature indicating prolonged use by the user. In some examples, the sensors118and120can include cameras and the tensioner can modify the pressure region upon detection of muscle movement and/or eye movement that exceeds a threshold frequency or amplitude, which can be indicative of user comfort. In some examples, the sensors118and120can include various mechanical and electrical sensors which can receive nerve signals, muscle signals, galvanic skin sensor measurements, etc. which can be used to measure user comfort.

Additionally shown inFIG.2Bare some example locations of the connector(s)105. In particular examples, the connector(s)105are located at the forehead region203, the maxilla region204, and the zygoma region205. Other locations of the connector(s)105are herein contemplated. However, the connector(s)105in at least some or all of these exemplary positions can provide a dynamic, yet stable connection between the HMD102and the facial interface103. In alternative implementations, one or more of the connector(s)105can be omitted. For instance, the facial interface103can include dynamic loading capabilities that allow for intentional (and varied) pressure loading against the human face without the need for fixed connectors or posts at one or more specific facial regions. In certain implementations, modifying the pressure regions of the facial interface103can provide such a dynamic response with the human face.

It will be appreciated that the connector(s)105at the different locations can be the same, or in certain cases, different. For instance, the connector(s)105can include a first joint (e.g., socket joint, soft joint, molded hinge joint, butterfly flexure joint, cam pivot joint, cross axis pivot joint, etc.) positioned at the forehead region203. In addition, the connector(s)105can include a second joint, different from the first joint, such as a pivot joint, elastomer spring joint, soft joint, single ball joint, etc. Indeed, different arrangements and types of the connector(s)105can be implemented to provide a particular force profile, amount of rigidity, stiffness, pressure, etc.

FIG.3illustrates a facial interface300with a variable stiffness profile, according to one example. The facial interface300can have various stiffness profiles such that different regions301of the facial interface300can have a different stiffness. As will be described in more detail below, in at least one example, the facial interface300can include a foam pad or other type of material to contact the face of the user. A stiffness profile modifier322can be configured to automatically change the facial interface from having a first stiffness profile to having a second stiffness profile, for example in response to sensor data. As used herein, the terms “stiffness profile modifier” or “tensioner” refer to one or more components that function separately or in combination to adjust the stiffness of one or more pressure regions of the facial interface. In particular, a stiffness profile modifier or a tensioner includes an actuator to generate a force to modify the one or more pressure regions of the facial interface. The stiffness profile modifier or the tensioner can also include accessory components that transfer the force from the actuator to the various pressure regions. Examples of a stiffness profile modifier or tensioner can include a pneumatic tensioner, a thermal tensioner, a mechanical tensioner, etc. In some examples, a stiffness profile modifier or tensioner can include electronic components. For example, a memory of the stiffness profile modifier can include computer executable instructions that, when executed by a processor of the stiffness profile modifier, cause certain components to actuate, turn off, regulate/modify stiffness, etc. as described in further detail below.

In at least one example, a stiffness profile can be characterized by different stiffness, firmness, or other properties along the facial interface300. A first region301aof the facial interface300can have a first stiffness, a second region302bcan have a second stiffness, a third region302ccan have a third stiffness, a fourth region302dcan have a fourth stiffness, a fifth region301ecan have a fifth stiffness, a sixth region301fcan have a sixth stiffness, a seventh region301gcan have a seventh stiffness, and so forth.

Although depicted inFIG.3as having seven stiffness regions301a-g, the head-mountable device can have any suitable number of stiffness regions whose stiffness or firmness can be varied and adjusted independently by the stiffness profile modifier322. In some examples, the stiffness of each of the stiffness regions can be adjusted by modifying the corresponding pressure that is exerted on the user's face. As such, a stiffness region can also be referred to as a modifiable pressure region.

In one example, a head-mountable device can include a first stiffness region corresponding to a portion of the facial interface300contacting a left side of the user's face, and a second stiffness region corresponding to a portion of the facial interface300contacting a right side of the user's face. Alternatively, a head-mountable device can have a first stiffness region corresponding to the zygoma region205on the user's head, a second stiffness region corresponding to the maxilla region204on the user's head, and a third stiffness region corresponding the forehead region203of the user's head.

In at least one example, the stiffness profile modifier322includes a heater. The stiffness profile modifier322can utilize induced-temperature flux to change the facial interface300from having the first stiffness profile to having the second stiffness profile. As defined herein, induced-temperature flux can refer to heat or thermal energy that is directed along the facial interface300in order to adjust rigidity, stiffness, or other properties of various regions. In other terms, induced-temperature flux can refer to a directed flow of thermal energy. The stiffness profile modifier322can be actuated in response to sensor data.

FIGS.4A-4Cillustrate a portion of a facial interface300having a variable stiffness profile, according to one example. The facial interface300can include the stiffness profile modifier322configured to automatically change the facial interface300from having a first stiffness profile400ato having a second stiffness profile400b. In some examples, the stiffness profile modifier322is further configured to change the facial interface from having the second stiffness profile400bto having a third stiffness profile400c. More specifically, the facial interface300can have modifiable pressure regions (e.g., stiffness regions), including pressure regions401a-d, which are areas with adjustable stiffness levels. A stiffness level (or stiffness) can represent an amount of force applied to achieve an amount of deformation or displacement (represented as stiffness=force/deformation). Thus, higher stiffness levels can demand greater applied loads to achieve deformation, and lower stiffness levels can demand smaller applied loads to achieve deformation. In other terms, higher stiffness levels allow less displacement for a given force compared to lower stiffness levels.

The stiffness profile can be characterized by a particular distribution of varying stiffness or rigidity (e.g., regions of stiffened or firmed areas and relaxed areas) along the facial interface300. In these or other examples, the stiffness profile modifiers322can cooperate or work in tandem to actuate at specific times (e.g., alternating times, scheduled times, learned times, or manually initiated times). In some examples, the stiffness profile modifiers322can work in pairs or groups such that multiple stiffness profile modifiers322are actuated at a given time, while simultaneously another pair or group of stiffness profile modifiers322are unactuated (e.g., powered off or in sleep mode). Additionally or alternatively, one or more stiffness profile modifiers322can actuate at differing levels of power (e.g., such that corresponding regions surrounding a stiffness profile modifier is heated/cooled less or more, depending on the amount of power expended by or allotted to the stiffness profile modifier).

As shown inFIGS.4A-4C, the stiffness profile modifiers322generate respective pressure regions with variable levels of stiffness. For example, as depicted inFIGS.4A-4C, the first stiffness profile400ais characterized by the first pressure region401ahaving a first stiffness level, the second pressure region401bhaving a second stiffness level, the third pressure region401chaving the first stiffness level, and the fourth pressure region401dhaving the second stiffness level (indicated by the differing fill pattern). The second stiffness profile400bis characterized by the first pressure region401ahaving the second stiffness level, the second pressure region401bhaving the first stiffness level, the third pressure region401chaving the second stiffness level, and the fourth pressure region401dhaving the first stiffness level. The third stiffness profile400cis characterized by the first pressure region401ahaving the second stiffness level, the second pressure region401bhaving the second stiffness level, the third pressure region401chaving the first stiffness level, and the fourth pressure region401dhaving the first stiffness level.

In one example, the first stiffness profile400acan correspond to an example distribution of varying levels of firmness or stiffness in which the zygoma region is stiffer than the maxilla region, which is stiffer than the forehead region, while the second stiffness profile400bcan correspond to a distribution of varying levels of firmness or stiffness in which the maxilla region and/or the forehead region is stiffer than the zygoma region. Additionally or alternatively, any of the zygoma, maxilla, or forehead regions can be split into separate pressure regions, which can each have a defined stiffness.

It will be appreciated that the facial interface300can have additional pressure regions not depicted inFIGS.4A-4C. Alternatively, the facial interface300can have fewer pressure regions than are depicted inFIGS.4A-4C. In at least one example, one or more of the modifiable pressure regions401a-dcorrespond to at least one of a zygoma region, a maxilla region, or a forehead region on a human head. As will be further detailed with respect to at leastFIGS.5-8, the stiffness profile modifier322can include one or more mechanisms that allow for adjustment of stiffness and/or pressure of each pressure region, including pressure regions401a-d.

It will be appreciated that the stiffness, firmness, or rigidity of the pressure regions are not limited to a first stiffness and a second stiffness. Rather, the stiffness profile modifier322can be actuated to cause the pressure regions to have any appropriate stiffness based on sensor data, manual input, or the like.

Any of the features, components, and/or parts, including the arrangements and configurations thereof shown inFIGS.4A-4Ccan be included, either alone or in any combination, in any of the other examples of devices, features, components, and parts shown in the other figures described herein. Likewise, any of the features, components, and/or parts, including the arrangements and configurations thereof shown and described with reference to the other figures can be included, either alone or in any combination, in the example of the devices, features, components, and parts shown inFIGS.4A-4C. Additional details of an exemplary devices with different types of stiffness profile modifiers are detailed below with reference toFIGS.5-8. In particular, details of an exemplary device including a pneumatic tensioner are detailed below with reference toFIG.5.

FIG.5illustrates a facial interface500of a head-mountable device with a pneumatic tensioner522including a pneumatic bladder526, according to one example. The facial interface500is substantially similar to the facial interfaces600-800ofFIGS.6-8, except that the facial interface600can include a different type of tensioner. The pneumatic tensioner522is an example of a stiffness profile modifier discussed above. In particular, the pneumatic tensioner522can adjust a stiffness of one or more regions of the pneumatic bladder502by adjusting one or more of a tension or a pressure within the pneumatic bladder502via addition, removal, distribution, or movement of a gas or fluid within the pneumatic bladder502. Although the features of the facial interface500and the pneumatic bladder502are described in the context of a gas, the same or similar principles are applicable to a fluid or liquid within the pneumatic bladder502.

As shown, the facial interface500includes the pneumatic bladder502. A pneumatic bladder can refer to a bag or closed tube which can be inflated and deflated with a gas or a fluid to set a desired pressure within the bag. In the depicted example, the pneumatic bladder502can include five modifiable pressure regions501a-fwhich can each be inflated to a given pressure. In general, the pneumatic bladder502can have one or more modifiable pressure regions (e.g., 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 10, etc.) which can each be inflated to a given pressure. Alternatively, the pneumatic bladder502can be a closed loop (e.g., having only a single pressure region, such that the pressure is uniform along the entire pneumatic bladder). In some examples, the pneumatic bladder502can take on various forms and configurations, such as a bladder, elastic (e.g., expandable and compressible) veins, passageways, inflatable portions, etc. In some examples, the pneumatic bladder502can be resilient to deformation, force, pressure, or manipulation.

In at least one example, the pressure regions501a-fcan be in fluid communication with one or more other pressure regions (e.g., the pressure region501acan be in fluid communication with the pressure regions501band501f; the pressure region501bcan be in fluid communication with the pressure regions501aand501c; the pressure region501ccan be in fluid communication with the pressure regions501band501d; the pressure region501dcan be in fluid communication with the pressure regions501cand501e; and the pressure region501ecan be in fluid communication with the pressure regions501dand501a). The pneumatic bladder502can include control values504-514to allow for fluid communication.

The term “fluid communication” refers to the ability for gas (or liquid) to flow between components or mechanisms. Components or mechanisms in fluid communication can thus send and/or receive gas or liquid from other components. It will be appreciated, however, that components or mechanisms in fluid communication need not require active operations (e.g., the receipt, storage, or transmission of fluid). For instance, fluid can passively pass through components or mechanisms that are in fluid communication with each other.

Each of the control valves504-514separate adjacent pressure regions501a-eand are configured to maintain gas within a given pressure region and/or to allow gas to flow from one pressure region to an adjacent pressure region to adjust the corresponding stiffness. The control valves504-514can allow for unidirectional gas flow or bi-directional gas flow. The control valves504-514can include relief valves, reducing valves, sequencing valves, counterbalance valves, safety valves, unloading valves, or the like. In particular examples, a control valve can also regulate (or manipulate) pressure and/or flow rate. In these or other examples, a control valve can be actuated (e.g., opened, closed, and/or moved to a partially opened/closed position) electrically, pneumatically, or hydraulically.

In one example control values504-516can be implemented to control gas into or out of a portion of the pressure region501acorresponding to the forehead region203. Additionally or alternatively, the control valves504and508(as well as506and510) can be implemented to control gas into or out of a portion of the pressure regions501band501fcorresponding to the zygoma region205. Additionally or alternatively, the control valves510and514(as well as508and512) can be implemented to control gas into or out of a portion of the pressure regions501cand501e, respectively, corresponding to the maxilla region204. In this manner, one or more of the control valves504-514can cause the pneumatic bladder502to inflate or expand in certain portions, while remaining less inflated or less expanded in other portions. In so doing, the pneumatic bladder502can vary pressure exerted by the facial interface500on a human face.

In these or other examples, the pneumatic bladder502can include a closed-loop system or an open-loop system. In the closed-loop system, the pneumatic bladder502can include a predetermined volume of gas that is fixed within the pneumatic bladder502. That is, in the closed-loop system, the pneumatic bladder502permanently maintains an amount of gas or liquid that does not exit the pneumatic bladder502. In the open-loop system, the pneumatic bladder502can bring in gas and dispel gas. For instance, the pneumatic bladder502can pull in ambient air from the environment and exhaust air that has circulated at least a portion of the pneumatic bladder502.

In at least one example of an open-loop pneumatic bladder502, the head-mountable device can include a fan516and an exhaust518in fluid communication with the pneumatic bladder502. As used herein, the term “fan” refers to an element that can push or move a gas; the term “exhaust” refers to an element that can dispel gas. For example, the fan516can bring gas (or air) into the pneumatic bladder502from an external environment to increase pressure within the pneumatic bladder502and can further move the gas within the pneumatic bladder502and between the pressure regions501a-f. The exhaust518can dispel air from the pneumatic bladder502to decrease pressure within the pneumatic bladder502.

Alternatively, the fan516can be in fluid communication with the exhaust518to move exhausted gas into and within the pneumatic bladder502. In other words, air can be recycled or recirculated within the pneumatic bladder502. In this case, the (exhausted) gas within the pneumatic bladder502can have a greater temperature than an ambient temperature, and thus at least partially affect a stiffness of the facial interface500when the facial interface500includes a material (such as foam, elastic materials, silicone, etc.) with a stiffness that is temperature dependent.

In at least one example, the pneumatic tensioner522(stiffness profile modifier) can be actuated based on first sensor data generated by a first sensor520ato cause to pneumatic bladder502to transition from having a first stiffness profile to having a second stiffness profile. As used herein, the term “actuate” refers to the initiation (or stopping) of a circulation cycle, a pumping cycle, an expansion cycle, etc. of a gas inside a pneumatic bladder. Additionally or alternatively, the term actuate includes the manipulation of a pneumatic bladder (e.g., in response to operation of a control valve or fan). The tensioner522can be configured to automatically change the facial interface500including the pneumatic bladder502from having a first stiffness profile to having a second stiffness profile. Additionally or alternatively, the tensioner522can be configured to automatically change the facial interface500from having either of the first stiffness profile or the second stiffness profile to having a third stiffness profile. As defined herein, the first stiffness profile can have a first configuration of stiffened areas and relaxed areas, the second stiffness profile can have a second configuration of stiffened areas and relaxed areas, and the third stiffness profile can have a third configuration of stiffened areas and relaxed areas. In at least one example, the tensioner522can actuate only some of the pressure regions based on sensor data or user input. For example, sensor data relating to the forehead area203can exceed a threshold criterion while sensor data relating to the zygoma region205and the maxilla region203can be below a threshold criterion, which can cause the tensioner to actuate only the forehead region203and not the zygoma region205or the maxilla region203.

In a further example, the tensioner522can be configured to automatically change the facial interface500from having a second stiffness profile to having a third stiffness profile in response to additional sensor data. The third stiffness profile can have a third configuration of stiffened areas and relaxed areas. In at least one example, the tensioner522can be configured to automatically set the facial interface500to having a certain stiffness profile from a discrete set of predetermined stiffness profiles based on one or more sensor data. In this case, the discrete set of stiffness profiles can include the first stiffness profile, the second stiffness profile, the third stiffness profile, and/or a fourth, fifth, sixth, etc. In other examples, the tensioner522can be configured to automatically set the facial interface500to having a certain stiffness profile within a continuous range of stiffness profiles. The sensor data can include a timer, a thermometer, a camera, a tissue displacement sensor (e.g., skin or muscle movement sensor), an electrical sensor, and/or other appropriate sensor that can collect data relating to user facial comfort or condition.

In at least one example, the first sensor520acan be configured to generate the sensor data and the additional sensor data. Additionally or alternatively, the head-mountable device can include a second sensor520bconfigured to generate the additional sensor data (e.g., second sensor data). In at least one example, the tensioner522can be configured to actuate when the first sensor data and/or the second sensor data satisfy respective threshold criteria. A threshold criteria can refer to a quantifiable value (e.g., a preset value, a learned value, an adjustable value, etc.). In one example, a sensor can be a thermometer to measure a temperature of the user's face (or a zygoma region, a maxilla region, or a forehead region). The tensioner522can be actuated when the measured temperature exceeds a predetermined threshold temperature. In another example, a sensor can be a tissue displacement sensor. The tensioner522can be actuated when the tissue displacement exceeds a predetermined value (or decreases below a predetermined value) of tissue displacement.

In one example, the sensor520aincludes a timer. The pneumatic tensioner522can be actuated at predetermined time intervals. As used herein, the term “predetermined time intervals” refers to a scheduled time or a set amount of lapsed time. For example, the pneumatic tensioner522can actuate every five minutes, every fifteen minutes, every thirty minutes, etc. (e.g., according to user settings) during use of the head-mountable device. As another example, the sensor520aincludes a clock and the pneumatic tensioner522can actuate at scheduled times (e.g., according to user settings).

In one example, the pneumatic tensioner522can be configured to actuate in response to user interaction. For instance, the pneumatic tensioner522can actuate in response to user input with a manual control524. As used herein, the manual control524can be any mechanism by which a user can interact with the tensioner522. In at least one example, the manual control524is a button (e.g., a button positioned on the HMD102, on a surface of at least one of the removable straps110,112, or on the electronics pod116). In yet another example, the pneumatic tensioner522can actuate in response to user input at an external pump in fluid communication with the pneumatic bladder502. In such a case, the external pump can include a manual pump, such as a hand pump, a foot pump, or other interactive pump. In other cases, the external pump can include automated pumps, such as battery-powered pumps.

In another example, head-mountable device can include the manual control524to actuate stiffness profile modifier. In other words, the pneumatic tensioner522can actuate in response to a user input via the manual control524, which can include a dial, toggle switch, lever, button, slider, rocker switch, etc. to turn the fan516on or off to adjust the pressure within the pneumatic bladder502and/or the pressure regions501a-f.

In one or more examples, the pneumatic tensioner522can actuate based on user activity. As used herein, the term “user activity” refers to physical acts performed by a user (sitting, standing, walking, jumping, exercising, etc.). User activity can also include device-based operations, such as playing a game, conducting a virtual meeting, watching a movie, performing work-based or productivity-based activities, etc. User activity can also include detection (e.g., by the sensor520a) of a location or ambient environment of a user during operation or wearing of the device100. For instance, a user activity can include being outdoors, being indoors, being in low-light conditions, being in bright-light conditions, etc. In an example use-case, the pneumatic tensioner522can actuate during or after gameplay (or application use), in-between games, during pauses, etc. (e.g., to improve user comfort). In another example, the facial interface500can have a first stiffness profile adjusted to prevent light from penetrating between the facial interface500and the face of the user during gameplay, and the facial interface500can have a second stiffness profile, that is overall less stiff than the first stiffness profile, during a pause or after gameplay to improve user comfort.

In one or more alternative examples (e.g., in addition to or alternatively to the pneumatic tensioner522), the facial interface300can include at least one of a spring, an actuator, or a magnet. In certain implementations, the facial interface300includes these or other components for a facial massage, head massage, etc. Such components can promote increased comfort and relaxation over time and/or during extended-use sessions.

FIG.6illustrates a facial interface600of a head-mountable device with a thermal tensioner622including a first heater626and a second heater628, according to one example. The facial interface600is substantially similar to the facial interface500ofFIG.5,700ofFIG.7, and800ofFIG.8, except that the facial interface600can include a different type of tensioner. The thermal tensioner622can also be referred to as a stiffness profile modifier. The facial interface600is similar to the facial interface500ofFIG.5, except for the stiffness profile modifier. The facial interface600can include a foam pad (e.g., a heat-reactive foam pad) that has a stiffness that is temperature dependent. In these or other examples, the foam pad can include open-cell foam, closed-foam, memory foam, charcoal foam, dry fast foam, high density foam, high resilience foam, latex foam, lux foam, polyurethane foam, polyethylene foam, re-bond foam, or a combination thereof. Additionally or alternatively, the facial interface600can include another heat-reactive material that has a stiffness that is temperature dependent.

The tensioner622can utilize induced-temperature flux to adjust a stiffness of various portions of the foam pad. In the depicted example, the tensioner622can generate the induced-temperature flux via the first heater626and the second heater628. The first heater626can be configured to heat a first portion of the foam pad, and the second heater can be configured to heat a second portion of the foam pad that differs from the first portion of the foam pad. In particular, the thermal tensioner622can adjust a stiffness of the first portion and the second portion by adjusting a temperature of the respective portion of the facial interface600.

As shown inFIG.6, the facial interface600can include a first heat line630that can be coupled to the first heater626. Additionally, the facial interface600can include a second heat line632that can be coupled to the second heater628. Each of the heat lines630and632can be configured to transport heat from the source (the heaters626and628, respectively) along the heat line. The heat lines630and632can run along the facial interface600. The heat lines630and632can be disposed along different portions of the facial interface600. In one example, the heat line630can be disposed about at least one of the zygoma region205, the maxilla region204, or the forehead region203, while the heat line632can be similarly disposed about at least a different one of the zygoma region205, the maxilla region204, or the forehead region203. Alternatively, in another example, the heat line630can be disposed about an inner perimeter of the facial interface600, while the heat line632can be disposed about an outer perimeter of the facial interface600.

In at least one example, the heat lines630and632can include a thermally conductive wire or heat transport line. For example the heat lines630and632can include diamond, silver, copper, gold, aluminum nitride, or the like that are thermally coupled to the heaters526and528which can conductively transfer thermal energy to the heat lines630and632. The heat lines630and632can be disposed within the foam pad or adjacent the foam pad to transfer heat to the foam pad.

The heaters626and628can be any appropriate heater that can generate heat and transfer the heat to the heat lines630and632. In one example, the first heater626and the second heater628can include a first infrared heater and a second infrared heater, respectively. In other example, the heaters626and628can include electric heaters, such as resistive heaters, that can be powered by a power source (e.g., battery, solar, etc.) of the heat-mountable device. In other example, the heaters626and628rely on intrinsic heat sources, such as heat from exhaust air, electrical component heat dissipation, heat dissipation from the user's head/face, etc. In some examples, the first heater626and the second heater628are not necessarily the same type of heater.

In at least one example, the first heater626and the second heater628are configured to operate at alternating times. In particular, the first heater626can be configured to operate for a first duration of time and the second heater628can be configured to operate for a second duration of time. For example, the first heat line630can be disposed along the zygoma region204of the user's face, and the second heat line632can be disposed along the forehead region203of the user's face. When the sensors520aor520bdetect that the zygoma region204of the user's face has experienced prolonged contact, the first heater626can be operated to heat the heat line630for the first duration of time to soften the foam pad (facial interface600) contacting the zygoma region204. Furthermore, when the sensors520aor520bdetect that the forehead region203of the user's face has experienced prolonged contact, the first heater626can be disabled and the second heater628can be operated to heat the heat line632for the second duration of time to soften the foam pad contacting the forehead region203. In some examples, the first duration of time and the second duration of time can overlap. When the sensors520aor520bdetect that both the zygoma region204and the forehead region203of the user's face has experienced prolonged contact, both heaters526and528can be operated.

The zygoma region204and the forehead region203are used as an illustrative example, but similar operations can apply to the maxilla region205. Additionally or alternatively, the head-mountable device can include a third heater and a third heat line, such that there is one heater and one heat line corresponding to each of the zygoma region204, the forehead region203, and the maxilla region205of the user's face. Additionally or alternatively, the head-mountable device can include more than three heaters and more than three heat lines, such that one or more heaters and heat lines corresponds to each of the zygoma region204, the forehead region203, and the maxilla region205of the user's face.

Whereas the above descriptions forFIGS.5-6discuss a pneumatic bladder and heat lines (e.g., solid heating or cooling wires), respectively, other implementations discussed below can include at least partially intermeshing tubes, bladders, heat lines, etc.FIG.7illustrates a facial interface700of a head-mountable device with a pneumatic heat tensioner722, according to one example. The facial interface700is substantially similar to the facial interfaces500ofFIG.5,600ofFIG.6, and800ofFIG.8, except that the facial interface700can include a different type of tensioner (e.g., a different stiffness profile modifier). The pneumatic heat tensioner722, is a type of stiffness profile modifier, that can automatically change the facial interface700from having a first stiffness profile to having a second stiffness profile in response to sensor data (e.g., from the sensors118,120a-b, and/or other sensors not illustrated inFIG.7). The facial interface700can include a foam pad740or other heat-reactive material (e.g., a material that softens with increasing temperature and stiffens with decreasing temperature).

The head-mountable device can include a display portion having a display. The head-mountable device can also include a first heater726and a second heater728. The first heater726can include a first pneumatic heat line730and can be configured to heat a first portion of the foam pad740. The second heater728can include a second pneumatic heat line732and can be configured to heat a second portion of the foam pad740. The tensioner722can utilize induced-temperature flux to adjust a stiffness of various portions of the foam pad740. In the depicted example, the tensioner722can generate the induced-temperature flux along the first pneumatic heat line730and the second pneumatic heat line732.

The first heater726and the second heater728can be heat-generating components which transfer heat to the first pneumatic heat line730and to the second pneumatic heat line732, respectively. In at least one example, the first heater and726and the second heater728can include infrared heaters, which can emit infrared radiation to heat the first pneumatic heat line730and the second pneumatic heat line732. In another example, the first heater726and the second heater728can utilize thermal exhaust from the head-mountable device to heat the first pneumatic heat line730and the second pneumatic heat line732. As used herein, thermal exhaust refers to thermal output from the head-mountable device (for example, resulting from operation of electronic components). In this case, the first heater726and/or the second heater728can direct thermal exhaust into the first pneumatic heat line730and the second pneumatic heat line732. In such examples, the first heater726and the second heater728induce a temperature flux within the first pneumatic heat line730and the second pneumatic heat line732to change the facial interface700from having the first stiffness profile to having the second stiffness profile.

The first pneumatic heat line730can run along/within a first portion of the facial interface700, and the second pneumatic heat line732can run along/within a second portion of the facial interface700. In at least one example, the first portion and the second portion of the facial interface700are different, such that the first heater726and the second heater728heat different portions of the facial interface. For example, as depicted inFIG.7, the first pneumatic heat line730runs along an outer perimeter of the facial interface700. The second pneumatic heat line732runs along an inner perimeter of the facial interface700. In another example, the first pneumatic heat line730can run along at least one of the zygoma region205, the maxilla region204, the forehead region203, or the nose region202, and the second pneumatic heat line732can run along at least a different one of the zygoma region205, the maxilla region204, the forehead region203, or the nose region202.

In at least one example, the first pneumatic heat line730and the second pneumatic heat line732can include various features, such as branches734and736, respectively. As shown inFIG.7, the branches734and736can be alternately interlaced or intermeshed. Alternatively, the branches734and736can be interwoven, twisted, overlapped, etc. Such features can distribute heat from the first pneumatic heat line730and the second pneumatic heat line732more uniformly about the facial interface700.

In at least one example, the first heater726and the second heater728can be configured to operate at alternating times. In particular, the first heater726can be configured to operate for a first duration of time while the second heater728is off. The second heater728can be configured to operate for a second duration of time while the first heater726is off. In another example, the first heater726and the second heater728can be configured to operate simultaneously for a first duration of time, to be simultaneously off for a second duration of time, and for a third and fourth duration of time, to be alternated in operation (one is off while the other is on).

As described above with respect toFIGS.1-6, the head-mountable device can include a plurality of sensors to generate sensor data. The head-mountable device can include a controller communicatively coupled to the sensor(s), the first heater726, and the second heater728, and can operate the first heater726and the second heater728based on the sensor data. Sensors can be disposed at various locations of the head-mountable device, such as on/within the display portion, on/within the facial interface700, along the securement strap, etc. For example, as depicted inFIG.7, the head-mountable device can include the sensor118located within the display portion. The head-mountable device can include the sensors120aand120blocated on the facial interface or the foam pad740.

In at least one example, the sensor118can generate first sensor data. The sensor120acan generate second sensor data. The first sensor data and/or the second sensor data can be representative of the user's facial comfort. In particular, the first sensor data and/or the second sensor data can be indicative of the user's facial muscle condition, facial coloring, facial sensory condition, etc. The tensioner722can be configured to actuate when the first sensor data and the second sensor data satisfy respective sensor data thresholds.

In one example, the sensor118can be a camera and the sensor120acan be a timer. The tensioner722can actuate when a first threshold criterion is met, e.g., the camera detects that the user's face becomes sufficiently depressed or flushed (e.g., red or pink) where it contacts the facial interface700. Additionally or alternatively, the tensioner722can actuate when a second threshold criterion is met, e.g., the timer has exceeded a duration of time that the facial interface has been in contact with the user's face. Additionally or alternatively, the tensioner722can actuate when both the first and the second criteria are met.

In a further example, the sensor120bcan be a thermometer. The tensioner722can actuate when a third threshold criterion is met, e.g., the user's facial temperature has exceeded a set temperature. The tensioner722can actuate when either the first criterion, the second criterion, or the third criterion are met; when the first criterion and the second criterion are met; when the second criterion and the third criterion are met; when the third criterion and the first criterion are met; or when the first criterion, the second criterion, and the third criterion are met. Similar methods for determining when the tensioner722is to be actuated can be applied for any applicable type of sensor and any number of sensors. In addition, the first sensor data, the second sensor data, and the third sensor data can correspond to measurements by different sensors, measurements by the same sensors at different times, or any combination.

In at least one example, the facial interface700can have a first stiffness profile. The first stiffness profile can be a default stiffness profile, a preset or predefined stiffness profile, etc., or a stiffness profile that is determined based on first sensor data. As described above, based on sensor measurements, the tensioner722can be actuated to change the facial interface700from having the first stiffness profile to having the second stiffness profile. Furthermore, the tensioner722can be configured to automatically change the facial interface from having the second stiffness profile to having a third stiffness profile in response to additional sensor data (e.g., data for additional sensors, data taken at a later time, or a combination).

Whereas the above description forFIGS.5-7respectively discusses a pneumatic bladder, heat lines (e.g., solid heating or cooling wires), and pneumatic heating, other implementations discussed below can include at least partially intermeshing tubes, bladders, heat lines, etc.FIG.8illustrates a facial interface800of a head-mountable device with a mechanical tensioner822, according to one example. The facial interface800is substantially similar to the facial interfaces500-700ofFIGS.5-7, except that the facial interface800can include a different type of tensioner (e.g., a different stiffness profile modifier). The facial interface800can include a foam pad840that is stretchable and/or compressible.

In particular, the mechanical tensioner822can include (or communicate with) a pulley system826having a line802and one or more pulleys (e.g., pulleys838a-838c). The line802can be a string, a cord, a cable, or another length of fiber that runs along/within at least a portion of the facial interface800and engages with the pulley838a. The pulley838acan be a wheel or bearing with a track about which the line802can run. The pulley838acan be disposed at a position along the facial interface800, such as at a corner or a bend portion of the facial interface800, such that the foam pad840is tightened by the line802when the pulley system826is actuated. The pulley system826can include mechanisms for tightening/loosening the line802. For example, the pulley system826can include a motor, a spool, ratcheting components, etc.

In these or other examples, the pulley system826can actuate certain pulleys to lift certain portions of the facial interface800away from the user's face. Additionally or alternatively, the pulley system826can actuate other pulleys to release, let down, or push portions of the facial interface800against a user's face. In certain implementations, the actuatable portions are interspaced by unraised portions (e.g., the line802can raise portions away from the user's face, where these raised portions are interspaced by un-raised or lowered portions that remain in contact with a user's face). Similarly, another line can be tensioned via pulleys to raise the previously unraised or lowered portions while the line802is de-tensioned to let down the previously raised portions. Thus, two or more tension-able lines (like the line802) can be actuated by the mechanical tensioner822to provide a dynamic response to detected sensor data, as described above.

As depicted inFIG.8, the pulley838ais disposed at a corner of the facial interface800between a zygoma region205and a maxilla region204. In some examples, the pulley system826includes additional pulleys, such as pulley838band pulley838cthat can be disposed at different positions along the facial interface800. As depicted inFIG.8, the pulley838cis disposed at a (different) corner of the facial interface800between a (second) zygoma region205and the maxilla region204. As depicted inFIG.8, the pulley838bis disposed at a nose region202of the facial interface800. In at least one example, this particular configuration of pulleys838a-ccan allow for modifiable pressure regions along the zygoma regions205, the maxilla regions204, and the nose region202to be changed from having a first stiffness profile to having a second stiffness profile.

Although not explicitly shown, the pulley system826can include any number of pulleys disposed at different positions along the facial interface800. For example, the pulley system can include a component which includes a pulley disposed at a corner between the forehead region and the (second) zygoma region205. In at least one example, this particular configuration of pulleys can allow for modifiable pressure regions along the (second) zygoma region205and the forehead region203to be changed or adjusted when the pulley system826is actuated.

Alternatively, although not explicitly shown, the component can include a pulley system. In this particular example, the pulley system826and the pulley system828can be independently actuated or simultaneously and symmetrically actuated to modify pressure regions along each of the zygoma regions205, the maxilla regions204, the forehead region203, and/or the nose region202. Actuation of the pulley system826and or they pulley system828can be based on sensor data from the sensors118,120a,120b, etc.

In some examples, the head-mountable device can also include more than one line, such as line802. For example, the head-mountable device can include a first line802disposed between the pulley system826, the pulley838a, and the pulley838b; and a second line disposed between the pulley system828, the pulley838c, and the pulley838b. Such configuration can allow for pressure regions corresponding to the left and right sides of the facial interface to be independently modified. In other examples, any number of lines, pulleys, and/or pulley systems can be implemented, in particular to customize adjustability of various pressure regions around the perimeter of the facial interface800.

Any of the features, components, and/or parts, including the arrangements and configurations thereof shown inFIG.8can be included, either alone or in any combination, in any of the other examples of devices, features, components, and parts shown in the other figures described herein. Likewise, any of the features, components, and/or parts, including the arrangements and configurations thereof shown and described with reference to the other figures can be included, either alone or in any combination, in the example of the devices, features, components, and parts shown inFIG.8. Additional details of an exemplary device including any or all of the features of the electronic devices described herein with respect toFIGS.1-8are provided below with reference toFIG.9.

FIG.9shows a high-level block diagram of an electronic device900that can be used to implement examples of the present disclosure. In various embodiments, the electronic device900can include various sets and subsets of the components shown inFIG.9. Thus,FIG.9shows a variety of components that can be included in various combinations and subsets based on the operations and functions performed by the electronic device900in different examples. It is noted that, when described or recited herein, the use of the articles such as “a” or “an” is not considered to be limiting to only one, but instead is intended to mean one or more unless otherwise specifically noted herein.

The electronic device900can include a central processing unit (CPU) or processor902connected via a bus904for electrical communication to a memory device906, a power source908, an electronic storage device910, a network interface912, an input device adapter916, and an output device adapter920. The processor902can additionally be communicatively coupled to a stiffness profile modifier916(e.g., tensioner). For example, one or more of these components can be connected to each other via a substrate (e.g., a printed circuit board or other substrate) supporting the bus904, and other electrical connectors providing electrical communication between the components. The bus904can include a communication mechanism for communicating information between parts of the electronic device900.

The processor902can be a microprocessor or similar device configured to receive and execute a set of instructions924stored by the memory device906. The memory device906can be referred to as main memory, such as random access memory (RAM) or another dynamic electronic storage device for storing information and instructions to be executed by the processor902. The memory device906can also be used for storing temporary variables or other intermediate information during execution of instructions executed by the processor902. The power source908can include a power supply capable of providing power to the processor902and other components connected to the bus904, such as a connection to an electrical utility grid or a battery system.

The storage device910can include read-only memory (ROM) or another type of static storage device coupled to the bus904for storing static or long-term (i.e., non-dynamic) information and instructions for the processor902. For example, the storage device910can include a magnetic or optical disk (e.g., hard disk drive (HDD)), solid state memory (e.g., a solid state disk (SSD)), or a comparable device.

The instructions924can include information for executing processes and methods using components of the electronic device900. Such processes and methods can include, for example, the methods described in connection with other embodiments elsewhere herein, including, for example, the methods and processes described in connection withFIG.9.

The network interface912can include an adapter for connecting the electronic device900to an external device via a wired or wireless connection. For example, the network interface912can provide a connection to a computer network926such as a cellular network, the Internet, a local area network (LAN), a separate device capable of wireless communication with the network interface912, other external devices or network locations, and combinations thereof. In one example embodiment, the network interface912is a wireless networking adapter configured to connect via WI-FI®, BLUETOOTH®, BLE, Bluetooth mesh, or a related wireless communications protocol to another device having interface capability using the same protocol. In some embodiments, a network device or set of network devices in the network926can be considered part of the electronic device900. In some cases, a network device can be considered connected to, but not a part of, the electronic device900.

The stiffness profile modifier916can be configured to receive input from various input devices such as, for example, a manual input913(e.g., from a manual control524), a keyboard or other peripheral input device, one or more sensors928(e.g.,118and120), applications914, timers940, etc., related devices, and combinations thereof. In an example embodiment, the stiffness profile modifier916is connected to the input sources described herein to determine a stiffness profile of the electronic device900.

The output device adapter920can be configured to provide the electronic device900with the ability to output information to a user, such as by providing visual output using one or more displays932, by providing audible output using one or more speakers935, by providing haptic feedback sensed by touch via one or more haptic feedback devices937, or by actuating the stiffness profile modifier916. Other output devices can also be used. The processor902can be configured to control the output device adapter920to provide information to a user via the output devices connected to the adapter920.

Any of the features, components, and/or parts, including the arrangements and configurations thereof shown inFIG.9can be included, either alone or in any combination, in any of the other examples of devices, features, components, and parts shown in the other figures described herein. Likewise, any of the features, components, and/or parts, including the arrangements and configurations thereof shown and described with reference to the other figures can be included, either alone or in any combination, in the example of the devices, features, components, and parts shown inFIG.9.

To the extent applicable to the present technology, gathering and use of data available from various sources can be used to improve the delivery to users of invitational content or any other content that may be of interest to them. The present disclosure contemplates that in some instances, this gathered data may include personal information data that uniquely identifies or can be used to contact or locate a specific person. Such personal information data can include demographic data, location-based data, telephone numbers, email addresses, TWITTER® ID's, home addresses, data or records relating to a user's health or level of fitness (e.g., vital signs measurements, medication information, exercise information), date of birth, or any other identifying or personal information.