Video signal processing circuit of a video signal recorder/reproducer

Video signal processing circuits which improves an adaptive folding circuit and an adaptive unfolding circuit for lowering and restoring the signal level of a high frequency component in processing a luma signal of a video signal wherein the adaptive folding/unfolding circuits include delays for delaying the luma signal by one pixel respectively formed at both the input terminal and the output terminal of conventional folding/unfolding portions, a level detector for detecting the level of the luma signal, a multiplexer for multiplexing the luma signal in accordance with the detected level value, a high band adjuster having a BPF, an LPF, an inverter and a substracter for decreasing and restoring the high band component while folding the luma signal, a level compensator for compensating the level in accordance with the detected level value, an adder for adding the output signals from the multiplexer, and a mixer for mixing the output signal of the adder with the output signal of the level compensator, so that the high band component level is reduced during folding and restored during reproducing, preventing the deterioration of image quality due to the high frequency component which is folded into the low frequency component.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
The present invention relates to a video signal processing circuit of a 
video signal recorder/reproducer, and particularly to a video signal 
processing circuit of a video signal recorder/reproducer which includes an 
improved adaptive folding circuit capable of lowering the signal level of 
a high frequency component to be folded during recording to control the 
signal level of an unnecessary high frequency component in processing a 
luma signal of the video signal, and an improved adaptive unfolding 
circuit capable of restoring an unfolded high frequency component signal 
during reproduction. 
In recent years, video signal processing circuits have used folding and 
unfolding circuits to increase the amount of information which can be 
accommodated by a predetermined narrow band channel so that the high 
frequency components of a video signal are folded around a selected 
folding frequency. Then, the folded high frequency component is placed 
within a specific spectral gap in the video signal. 
However, in the above-mentioned video signal processing technique of a 
video signal recording/reproducing system, the signal level of the high 
frequency component folded into the low frequency component is too high to 
be properly eliminated when unfolding is performed in a conventional 
unfolding circuit during reproduction. Thus, the image quality may be 
damaged during the unfolding process. 
Moreover, when the video signal with the high frequency component folded 
into the low frequency component is reproduced by a conventional 
reproduction device without an unfolding circuit, the high frequency 
component folded into the low frequency component during the recording 
process is useless and furthermore, creates noise in the low frequency 
component which detrimentally effects image quality. Accordingly, the 
conventional reproducer reproduces the image with noise. 
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
The present invention is devised to solve the above-described problems. 
An object of the present invention is to provide improved adaptive 
folding/unfolding circuits in a luma signal processing unit of a 
conventional video signal processor which are used for lowering a high 
frequency component level of a luma signal prior to folding during 
recordation, and, after unfolding of the luma signal, for restoring the 
unfolded high frequency component level during reproduction. 
Another object of the present invention is to prevent a high frequency 
component from interfering with a low frequency component. 
still another object of the present invention is to reproduce a video 
signal with suppressed noise due to a high frequency component level being 
lowered during recordation, when a folded signal is reproduced using a 
conventional video signal recorder/reproducer lacking an unfolding system 
to a luma signal processing unit within a video signal reproducer. 
To achieve these and other objects, there is provided a video signal 
recording circuit which includes: a chroma/motion signal processor for A/D 
converting a composite video signal, separating the chroma and motion 
signals from the digital composite video signal, and processing the chroma 
and motion signals; an adaptive luma signal processor for separating a 
luma signal from the digital composite video signal, and adaptively 
processing the luma signal in accordance with the separated motion signal; 
an adaptive folding means for adding a folding signal to the luma signal 
supplied from the adaptive luma signal processor, and folding the high 
frequency component into the low frequency component of the luma signal; 
and a luma/chroma recorder for D/A converting the signals supplied from 
the adaptive folding means and from the chroma/motion signal processor and 
recording the analog-converted signals on a medium with a certain limited 
bandwidth through a recording head, 
wherein the adaptive folding means comprises: 
a first low-pass filter for low-pass filtering the luma signal supplied 
from the adaptive luma signal processor; 
a first high-pass filter for high-pass filtering the luma signals supplied 
from the adaptive luma signal processor and from the first output terminal 
of the first low-pass filter; 
a band-pass filter for band-pass filtering the luma signal supplied from 
the first output terminal of the first low-pass filter; 
a second low-pass filter for low-pass filtering the signal supplied from 
the band-pass filter; 
a second high-pass filter for high-pass filtering the signals from the 
band-pass filter and the signal, from the second low-pass filter; 
an inverter for inverting the signal supplied from the second high-pass 
filter; 
a level compensator for compensating the frequency level of the signals 
supplied from the second low-pass filter and from the inverter; 
a level detector for receiving the signal supplied from the first high-pass 
filter to detect the level of the signal, and for supplying the detected 
level signal to the first low-pass filter and to the level compensator; 
a mixer for receiving the signals supplied from the second output terminal 
of the first low-pass filter and from the level compensator, and for 
outputting the signal of which high frequency level is lowered; and 
a folding circuit for adding a folding signal to the signal supplied from 
the mixer, and folding the high frequency component into the low frequency 
component of the signal. 
Further, there is also provided a video signal reproducing circuit 
including: 
a standard luma reproducer for reproducing a composite video signal with a 
predetermined full bandwidth which is previously recorded on a record 
medium with a certain limited bandwidth via a reproducing head, and 
reproducing a luma signal having a high frequency component which is 
folded into a low frequency component included in the composite video 
signal; a standard chroma/motion signal reproducer for reproducing a 
chroma/motion signal representing a chroma and motion signal from the 
composite video signal; a luma signal preprocessor connected to the 
standard luma reproducer for clamping and A/D converting the luma signal, 
and for generating a time base-corrected signal; a chroma/motion signal 
preprocessor connected to the standard chroma/motion signal reproducer for 
clamping and A/D converting the chroma/motion signal, and for generating a 
time base-corrected signal; a chroma/motion signal separator for receiving 
and separating the chroma/motion signal output from the chroma/motion 
signal preprocessor to output a chroma and motion signals, respectively; 
an adaptive unfolding means for receiving the signal output from the luma 
signal pieprocessor, removing the folding signal which is included in the 
luma signal during reproducing in accordance with the level amount of the 
motion signal separated in the chroma/motion signal separator during 
reproducing, and adaptively unfolding the high frequency component folded 
into the low frequency component of the luma signal to output the unfolded 
luma signal; and a composite video signal generator for D/A converting the 
signals which are supplied from the adaptive unfolding means and the 
chroma/motion signal separator, respectively, and mixing the 
analog-converted signals to output a composite video signal, 
wherein the adaptive unfolding means comprises: 
an unfolding portion for removing the folding signal from the signal 
supplied from the luma signal preprocessor, and unfolding and outputting 
the high frequency component folded into the low frequency component of 
the luma signal; 
a first low-pass filter for low-pass filtering the unfolded luma signal 
supplied from the unfolding portion; 
a first high-pass filter for high-pass filtering the signals supplied from 
the unfolding portion and from the first output terminal of the first 
low-pass filter; 
a band-pass filter for band-pass filtering the signal supplied from the 
first output terminal of the first low-pass filter; 
a second low-pass filter for low-pass filtering the signal supplied from 
the band-pass filter; 
a second high-pass filter for high-pass filtering the signals supplied from 
the band-pass filter and from the second low-pass filter; 
an inverter for inverting the signal supplied from the second low-pass 
filter; 
a level compensator for compensating the frequency levels of the signals 
supplied from the inverter and from the second high-pass filter; 
a level detector for detecting the level of the signal supplied from the 
first high-pass filter, and for supplying the detected level signal to the 
first low-pass filter and said level compensator; and 
a mixer for receiving the signals supplied from the second output terminal 
of the first low-pass filter and from the level compensator, and for 
outputting the signal of which high frequency level is restored.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION 
Prior to describing a preferred embodiment of the present invention with 
reference to the accompanying drawings, a video signal recorder/reproducer 
will now be described briefly to which the present invention is adapted. 
Referring to a recording circuit of the video signal recorder/reproducer to 
which the present invention is adapted as illustrated in FIG. 1, when an 
encoder 100 receives a composite video signal, an A/D converter 11 
converts the composite video signal into a digital signal, and then 
supplies it to an adaptive luma signal separator 12, a motion signal 
separator 13 and a chroma signal separator 14, to separate it into a luma 
signal L, a motion signal M, and a chroma signal C. Then, the luma signal 
L separated from the luma signal separator 12 is supplied to an adaptive 
folding circuit 15, which folds the high frequency component of the luma 
signal into the low frequency component, and outputs the folded luma 
signal Lf. Thereafter, the folded luma signal Lf is converted into an 
analog signal Lr in a first D/A converter 17, and is recorded onto a video 
cassette tape via a luma recorder 101 and a recording head 103. 
On the other hand, the motion signal M and the chroma signal C extracted 
from the motion signal separator 13 and the chroma signal separator 14 are 
mixed to form a composite chroma signal C+M in a chroma/motion signal 
mixer 16. The composite chroma signal C+M is then converted into an analog 
signal C+Mr in a second D/A converter 18, and recorded onto the video 
cassette tape via the chroma recorder 102 and the recording head 103. 
In order to describe the reproduction process of the video signal recorded 
in the above-mentioned manner, a reproduction circuit of the video signal 
recorder/ reproducer shown in FIG. 2 will now be described briefly to 
which the present invention is adapted. 
According to FIG. 2, the elements shown in the luma signal path of the 
drawing operate to extract a full bandwidth luma signal from the folded 
bandwidth luma signal which was recorded on the video cassette tape in 
such a manner explained with reference to FIG. 1. The reproduced luma 
signal Lpb is preprocessed in a luma signal prepossessing unit 20 
constituting a first clamping circuit 21, a first A/D converter 22, and a 
first time base corrector (hereinafter, referred to as TBC) 23, then is 
supplied to an adaptive unfolding circuit 25. The first clamping circuit 
21 operates in the typical manner, and clamps the input signal as a 
prearranged digital value utilized in the first A/D converter 22 after 
receiving the luma signal Lpb which is reproduced from a standard luma 
signal reproducer 201. Thereafter, the first A/D converter 22 outputs a 
sampled multiple bit digital signal which represents the reproduced folded 
luma signal. The first TBC 23 corrects the inconsistency in time or 
another sources which are caused by a jitter in the tape mechanism, and 
outputs a restored folded luma signal Lf. 
On the other hand, the elements shown in the chroma/motion signal path of 
the drawing operate to extract the chroma/motion signal which was recorded 
on the video cassette tape in such a manner illustrated in FIG. 1. The 
chroma/motion signal C+Mpb which is a bilateral signal and is reprocessed 
in a chroma/motion signal prepossessing unit 30 constituting a second 
clamping circuit 31, a second A/D converter 32, and a second TBC 33, and 
then is supplied to a chroma/motion signal separator 35. The second 
clamping circuit 31 clamps the chroma/motion signal C+Mpb which is 
reproduced from a standard chroma/motion signal reproducer 202, to 
establish a predetermined digital signal utilized in the second A/D 
converter 32. The second A/D converter 32 generates a sampled multiple bit 
digital signal which represents chroma/motion signal. The second TBC 33 
corrects for any time-inconsistencies of the digital signal, and generates 
a restored chroma/motion signal C+M which in turn is supplied to the 
chroma/motion signal separator 35. 
Next, the folded luma signal Lf is supplied to an adaptive unfolding 
circuit 25, and is then changed into an unfolded luma signal Luf in 
accordance with the motion signal supplied from the chroma/motion signal 
separator 35. The unfolded luma signal Luf is supplied to a composite 
video signal generator 40 via a first D/A converter 26. The composite 
video signal generator 40 receives the chroma signal C generated from the 
chroma/motion signal separator 35 and the unfolded luma signal Luf 
generated from the adaptive unfolding circuit 25 through first and second 
D/A converters 26 and 36, respectively, and reproduces a composite video 
signal. 
As the above descriptions on the processes for recording/reproducing the 
video signal of the video signal recorder/reproducer to which the present 
invention is adapted, the signal level of the high frequency component of 
the luma signal is so high that the high frequency component folded into 
the low frequency component of the luma signal easily interferes with the 
low frequency component during recording. Moreover, since the signal level 
of the folded high frequency component is too high, the video device 
without the unfolding circuit generates noise during reproducing. 
Accordingly, in the present invention, improved adaptive folding/unfolding 
circuits are added to the luma signal processing unit of the conventional 
video signal processor, wherein the level of the high frequency component 
to be folded is decreased prior to being folded during recording, and the 
level of the high frequency component unfolded by passing through the 
unfolding circuit during reproduction is restored. 
The adaptive folding/unfolding circuits according to the present invention 
which are constructed as illustrated in FIGS. 3 and 4 will now be 
described in detail below. 
FIG. 3 is a detailed block diagram of an adaptive folding circuit according 
to the present invention which is adapted to the recording circuit shown 
in FIG. 1, and FIG. 4 is a detailed block diagram of an adaptive unfolding 
circuit according to the present invention which is adapted to the 
reproduction circuit shown in FIG. 2. Here, since the adaptive unfolding 
circuit is very similar to the adaptive folding circuit, the adaptive 
folding circuit only will be described in detail. 
Referring to FIG. 3, the luma signal L input to the adaptive folding 
circuit is an output signal of the adaptive luma signal separator 12 shown 
in FIG. 1. The luma signal L is supplied to a first low-pass filter 155' 
which includes a delaying device having a first delay 150 and a second 
delay 151 for delaying by one pixel period, respectively, a multiplexer 
153, and an adder 155. In addition, the luma signal L is also supplied to 
a first high-pass filter 152' constituted by a subtracter 152. In the 
first low-pass filter 155', the luma signal L is delayed by one pixel 
every time it passes the first delay 150 and the second delay 151, 
respectively, and the first and second delay signals Ab and Ac delayed by 
one pixel, respectively, are supplied to the multiplexer 153 together with 
the luma signal L, that is, Aa. The multiplexer 153 receives the luma 
signal Aa and the first and second delay signals Ab and Ac, and 
multiplexes them in accordance with the level signal detected by a level 
detector 154. Then, the outputs from multiplexer 153 are summed in an 
adder 155 and are supplied to a mixer 161. At this time, the signal input 
to the level detector 154 is the original luma signal L minus the output 
signal from the first delay 150. Next, the output signal from the first 
delay 150 is supplied to both a second high-pass filter 158' constituted 
by a subtracter 158, and a second low-pass filter 157 via the band-pass 
filter 156. Here, the cut-off frequency of the second low-pass filter 157 
is about 2.5 MHz. The signal having passed through the second low-pass 
filter 157 is supplied to a subtracter 158, and subtracts from the signal 
output from the band-pass filter 156. The signal having passed through the 
subtracter 158 is inverted in an inverter 159, to be input to a level 
compensator 160. 
The signals input to the level compensator 160 are level-compensated in 
accordance with the output signal of the level detector 154, and are 
supplied to the mixer 16 1. In the mixer 161, the output signal of the 
level compensator 160 is mixed with the output signal from the adder 155, 
and the luma signal of which the signal level of the high frequency 
component is decreased is output to a folding portion 162. The folding 
portion 162 adds a folding signal fc to the signal supplied from the mixer 
161, and folds the high frequency component into the low frequency 
component, outputting a frequency-folded luma signal Lf. 
In the above-described video signal recorder, the process for 
frequency-folding after separating the luma signal from the composite 
video signal and decreasing the signal level of the high frequency 
component of the luma signal will be described in detail with reference to 
FIGS. 5Aa through 5I. 
FIGS. 5Aa through 5Ac are waveforms illustrating respectively the luma 
signal L, that is, Aa, input to the adaptive folding circuit, and the 
signals Ab and Ac having passed through the first delay 150 and the second 
delay 151, shown in FIG. 3. The one pixel-delayed luma signal in FIG. 5Ab 
is subtracted from the luma signal in FIG. 5Aa in the subtracter 152, 
producing a signal with the waveform shown in FIG. 5B to the level 
detector 154. As mentioned above, the subtracter 152 forms the first 
high-pass filter 152' which passes the high band component of the luma 
signal L. In the level detector 154, the level value K in accordance with 
the amount of the luma signal level is detected and supplied to the 
multiplexer 153. The multiplexer 153 adapts the level value K to the input 
signals and multiplexes the input signals. Here, the level value K is a 
value between "0" and "1", and is adapted to the multiplexer input signals 
such as waveforms shown in FIGS. 5Aa, 5Ab and 5Ac with the coefficients 
having values of (1-K)/2, K, and (1-K)/2, respectively. That is, the level 
value is adapted to the multiplexer input signals to make the sum of the 
respective coefficient values become "1". 
The signals having passed through the multiplexer 153 in the 
above-described manner are added in the adder 155, producing a luma signal 
such as the waveform shown in FIG. 5C which is supplied to the mixer 161. 
In the meantime, the signal which is one pixel-delayed in the first delay 
150 as shown in FIG. 5Ab, outputs a 2.5 MHz bandwidth signal as shown in 
FIG. 5D through the band-pass filter 156. Thereafter, second low-pass 
filter 157 filters out signals above 2.5 MHz from the signal shown in FIG. 
5D producing the signal shown in FIG. 5E. The output of second low-pass 
filter 157 also subtracts from the output of band-pass filter 156 in the 
subtracter 158, thereby outputting the signal such as the waveform shown 
in FIG. 5F. 
As mentioned above, the second high-pass filter 158' consists of subtracter 
158, and passes just the high-band component of the luma signal. The 
signal shown in FIG. 5F is inverted in the inverter 159, and supplied to 
the level compensator 160. The level compensator 160 receives output 
signals from the second low-pass filter 157 and inverter 159, and in 
accordance with the level value from the level detector 154, supplies a 
level-compensated signal such as the waveform shown in FIG. 5G to mixer 
161. The mixer 161 mixes the output signal from the adder 155 with the 
output signal from the level compensator 160 to decrease the component at 
the high band portion of the luma signal, thereby outputting the signal 
such as the waveform shown in FIG. 5H. 
Thereafter, after receiving the luma signal of which the signal level of 
the high frequency component is lowered from the mixer 161, the folding 
portion 162 then folds the higher frequency component into the lower 
frequency component of the luma signal in accordance with the folding 
signal fc, and finally, outputs the frequency-folded luma signal Lf as 
shown in FIG. 5I. 
As a result, in the adaptive folding circuit of the video signal recording 
circuit according to the present invention, since the signal level of the 
high frequency component of the luma signal is decreased, and the high 
frequency component is then folded into the low frequency component, the 
interference between the low frequency component and the high frequency 
component of the luma signal can be prevented during recording. Also, the 
high frequency component remaining in the low frequency component can be 
reduced even though processing through the unfolding circuit is carried 
out during reproducing. Further, when the folded signal is reproduced 
using the reproducer without the unfolding circuit, since the folded high 
frequency component results in noise during reproducing, the 
noise-suppressed video signal can be reproduced due to the lowering of the 
high frequency component signal level of the luma signal during recording. 
On the other hand, the adaptive unfolding circuit placed in the luma signal 
reproducing circuit of the video signal recorder/reproducer as shown in 
FIG. 4, unfolds the folded luma signal, and then, restores the high 
frequency component signal level of the unfolded luma signal, while the 
adaptive folding circuit in FIG. 3 decreases the high frequency component 
signal level of the luma signal to be folded, and then, the high frequency 
component is folded into the low frequency component of the luma signal. 
In FIG. 4, the adaptive unfolding circuit receives the folded luma signal 
Lf, and outputs the luma signal unfolded in an unfolding portion 209. 
However, since the unfolded luma signal has the high frequency component 
of which signal level is lowered during recording, the lowered signal 
level of the high frequency component should be restored. For this, the 
adaptive unfolding circuit has a circuit between the unfolding portion 209 
of FIG. 4 and the first D/A converter 26 of FIG. 2. Here, the construction 
of the above-mentioned circuit installed between the unfolding portion 209 
and the first D/A converter 26 is similar to the circuit installed between 
the folding portion 162 of the adaptive folding circuit in FIG. 3 and the 
adaptive luma signal separator 12 in FIG. 1, but the operation is 
reversely performed as compared with that of the adaptive folding circuit. 
The inverter 159 is positioned at the output terminal of the subtracter 158 
in FIG. 3. However, in FIG. 4, inverter 219 is positioned at the output 
terminal of the second low-pass filter 217 to convert the output of the 
second low-pass filter 217, supplying it to the level compensator 220. 
In the adaptive folding/unfolding circuits of the video signal processor in 
the video signal recorder/reproducer according to the present invention as 
described above, since the signal level of the high frequency component to 
be folded is lowered during folding process, and the unfolded high 
frequency component signal level is restored during unfolding, it is 
possible to prevent both the the high frequency component from interfering 
with the low frequency component, and the deterioration of the image 
quality due to the high frequency component remaining in the low frequency 
component after unfolding.