Emitter for dissociating gas molecules using non-linear quantum dissonance

This disclosure relates generally to an emitter for dissociating exhaust gases on a molecular level into their respective elemental constituents. The emitter includes a palladium plated anode and a cathode, at least a portion of which is palladium plated. When properly powered, the emitters create a non-linear quantum dissonance field to dissociate molecules in exhaust.

BACKGROUND

1. Technical Field

This disclosure relates generally to an emitter device for dissociating gas molecules in a non-linear quantum environment. More specifically, the emitter device may be specifically positioned within an emitter manifold to create a fragmentation field for gaseous molecules. As a flow of gaseous molecules is passed through the fragmentation field, the gaseous molecules are dissociated into their constituent elemental components.

2. Description of the Related Art

Since the Industrial Revolution, and the advent of the use of chemical based fuels, man has been emitting substantial combustion gases into the Earth's atmosphere. More recently, concern has grown over the effects of these emissions on the people and the biosphere of the Earth. Many countries, including the United States, have imposed limits on the quantity of emissions of combustion gases that may be emitted by certain vehicles, factories, power plants, and a host of other emissions sources or required certain exhaust remediation equipment be installed in those emissions sources.

One example of a legally mandated exhaust remediation device is a catalytic converter which is now required equipment for all new cars, light trucks, heavy trucks, and other vehicles. Catalytic converters use a redox reaction (an oxidation and reduction reaction) to chemically change certain toxic gases into less toxic gases. Further, some catalytic converters may recycle emitted but unburned hydrocarbons back to an engine to be burned, to increase fuel efficiency and reduce emissions. Catalytic converters are intended to reduce emissions of carbon monoxide, and oxides of nitrogen (NOx) that are emitted as the result of combustion.

One weakness of catalytic converters is that they are not fully efficient. While catalytic converters are better than nothing at remediating emissions, catalytic converters still allow some undesirable and harmful gases to be emitted from vehicles. Catalytic converters also wear out over time and become less efficient at conducting redox reactions in the catalytic converter. Such decreased efficiency can trigger other vehicular systems to notify a vehicle owner that the emissions system of the vehicle is compromised and require expensive repair.

Other techniques used to prevent undesirable or harmful gases from being emitted into the Earth's atmosphere have been developed as well. For example, various filters have been implemented to filter undesirable or harmful gases from exhaust streams. Other times, exhaust from smokestacks, for example, is burned at the top of the smokestack to burn off volatile compounds left in exhaust (which itself produces undesirable and harmful emissions, albeit less undesirable and less harmful emissions than emitting the original volatile compounds left in the exhaust). Such techniques are common in the oil and gas industry as well as coal fired power plants.

None of these techniques are as effective as is desirable. Filters wear out and require constant maintenance. Filters also resist exhaust flow and can lead to limitations on how much fuel can be burned, which in the case of a coal fired power plant, for example, limits an amount of power available to the population. Further, as noted above, occasionally a solution to an emissions problem frequently results in undesirable and harmful gases being emitted into the atmosphere, albeit less undesirable and less harmful than if no solution was implemented.

While no system is perfectly efficient, it is desirable to remediate emissions in an efficient and cost effective manner. It is therefore one object of this disclosure to provide an emitter that generates a plasma field in a non-linear quantum dissonance environment that dissociates molecules in emitted gases into their various elemental components. It is another object of this disclosure to provide an emitter manifold that positions the emitters in a configuration that maximizes the efficiency of the molecular dissociation within the emitter manifold. Finally, it is an object of this disclosure to implement the emitter manifold in various emissions systems to remediate exhaust.

SUMMARY

Disclosed herein is an emitter. The emitter includes an anode which may be plated with, for example, palladium. The emitter further includes a cathode, at least a portion of which is, for example, palladium plated.

Also disclosed herein is device which includes one or more emitters. Each of the emitters include a palladium plated anode, for example, and a cathode, at least a portion of which is, for example, palladium plated. The one or more emitters may be disposed in an emitter manifold to create a non-linear quantum dissonance field within the emitter manifold.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

In the following description, for purposes of explanation and not limitation, specific techniques and embodiments are set forth, such as particular techniques and configurations, in order to provide a thorough understanding of the subject matter disclosed herein. While the techniques and embodiments will primarily be described in context with the accompanying drawings, those skilled in the art will further appreciate the techniques and embodiments may also be practiced in other similar apparatuses.

Reference will now be made in detail to the exemplary embodiments, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. Wherever possible, the same reference numbers are used throughout the drawings to refer to the same or like parts. It is further noted that elements disclosed with respect to particular embodiments are not restricted to only those embodiments in which they are described. For example, an element described in reference to one embodiment or figure, may be alternatively included in another embodiment or figure regardless of whether or not those elements are shown or described in another embodiment or figure. In other words, elements in the figures may be interchangeable between various embodiments disclosed herein, whether shown or not.

FIG. 1illustrates an emitter100. Emitter100includes an emitter body105which is threaded with helical threads disposed on an outside of emitter body105. Emitter body105may be fashioned from metal materials that are electrically conductive. For example, emitter body105may be fashioned from copper, steel, aluminum, gold, or any other conductive metal, metal alloy, ceramic, or polymer, etc. Emitter100includes an anode115which is implemented in a hemispherical shape. Other implementations of anode115are possible. For example, anode115may be implemented in other shapes, circular, spherical, spheroidal, rectangular, or any other polygonal shape. Preferably, anode115is implemented as generally hemispherical but need not be perfectly hemispherical. That is to say, anode115may be arcuate in three dimensions, having a radius of a spheroid, as opposed to the radius of a perfect sphere. A relative curvature of a hemisphere of anode115may vary according to a specific implementation of emitter100.

Emitter115may be disposed within an insulator120by attachment to a conductor rod125a, which extends through emitter body105to anode115. Insulator120may be fashioned from any material that resists a flow of electricity. For example, insulator120may be fashioned using materials such as rubber, ceramic, plastic, or other insulative materials. Conductor rod125amay be fashioned using any electrically conductive material. For example, conductor rod125amay be fashioned using various metals such as gold, copper, steel, aluminum, silver, and other highly conductive metals, metal alloys, ceramics, or polymers, etc. Conductor rod125amay include a conductor rod connector125b, which may be connected to a power supply which energizes conductor rod125aand supplies electricity to anode115, which is also electrically connected to conductor rod125a.

Emitter body105may further be connected to cathode130. Cathode130may include a connector135which may be connected to a power supply to provide an electrical path for electricity generated by the power supply. Anode115and cathode130may be electrically isolated from each other by insulator120. As anode115is powered via electricity provided to conductor rod125a, and cathode135provides a return path for electricity generated by the power supply, a plasma field may be generated between anode115and emitter body105(which is electrically connected to cathode115). This plasma field may be adjusted by the characteristics of the electricity provided by the power supply to the emitter, as will be discussed below. Emitter100may be used singly or in conjunction with a plurality of other emitters, as will be discussed below, and may include a wrenching surface140which provides a surface for emitter100to be inserted into an emitter manifold, which will be discussed in more detail below. Wrenching surface140may be octagonally shaped, hexagonally shaped, square shaped, or shaped using any polygonal shape which provides a surface for a tool to thread emitter100, via threads110, into an emitter body.

FIG. 2illustrates a lengthwise cross sectional view of emitter200, which is similar in implementation and description to emitter100, shown inFIG. 1. Emitter200includes an emitter body205. Emitter body205may be threaded with threads210, as explained above. Emitter200further includes a void215which is defined by an internal wall220of emitter body205. At least some portion of anode225may be disposed within void215, without directly contacting internal wall220of emitter body205.

Anode225may be connected to conductor rod235at connection point230. In one embodiment, anode225may be connected to conductor rod235at connection point230by a solder connection, which may use, for example, silver solder to facilitate conduction of electricity between conductor rod235and anode225. Anode225may be separated from emitter body205by gap260, which will be discussed in further detail below. Conductor rod240may be disposed through a void in insulator240and connect to a power supply at connection point245awhich receives a screw connector245b. Emitter200further includes a cathode250awhich is electrically connected to emitter body205. Cathode250amay also receive a screw connector250bas a connection point for the power supply. It should be noted that a screw connector245band250bare shown inFIG. 2merely for representative purposes. Any electrical connector or connection suitable for energizing conductor rod240and emitter body205by cathode250aknown in the art would be sufficient.

Emitter body205may also include a wrenching surface255, which is similar to wrenching surface140, shown inFIG. 1. Wrenching surface255may be octagonally shaped, hexagonally shaped, square shaped, or shaped using any polygonal shape which provides a surface for a tool to thread emitter200, via threads210, into an emitter body.

FIG. 3illustrates a top-down view of emitter300, which is similar in description and implementation to emitter100, shown inFIG. 1and emitter200, shown inFIG. 2. Emitter300includes an emitter body305which is similar in implementation and description to emitter body105, shown inFIG. 1, and emitter body205, shown inFIG. 2. Emitter body305may be threaded with threads310, as explained above.

As shown inFIG. 3, emitter300includes an anode315which is separated from emitter body305by an annular gap320. In one embodiment a hemispherical portion of anode315and the portion of emitter body305across annular gap320from anode315may be plated with a metal, metal alloy, ceramic, or polymer, etc. In one embodiment, a portion of emitter body305and anode315may be plated with palladium, rhodium, platinum, or other metal, metal alloy, polymer, or ceramic material. When properly energized by a power supply, emitter300generates a plasma field between anode315and emitter body305in annular gap320.

Emitter300further includes a plurality of mounting holes325a-325hwhich are positioned at each vertex of a wrenching surface330. Wrenching surface330is similar to wrenching surface140, shown inFIG. 1and wrenching surface255, shown inFIG. 2. Wrenching surface330is shown as being hexagonal but may be implemented in any polygonal shape that facilitates attachment by a tool, such as a wrench to thread emitter300into or out of an emitter body, which will be discussed below, via threads310.

FIG. 4illustrates an exploded side perspective view of the components of the emitter400. Emitter400is similar in implementation and description to emitter100, shown inFIG. 1, emitter200, shown inFIG. 2, and emitter300, shown inFIG. 3. Emitter400includes an emitter body405which is threaded with threads410, as previously discussed. Emitter body includes an integrally formed cathode440a, which also includes a screw connector440bfor attaching cathode440ato a power supply.

Emitter400includes an anode415which is generally hemispherical in shape, as previously discussed. Anode415is connected to conductor rod420, which may be soldered to anode415at connection point425. In a preferable embodiment, connection point425is formed using silver solder between anode415and conductor rod420. Conductor rod420may further include a connector430which allows anode415to be connected to a power supply.

Emitter400may be constructed by attaching insulator435into a corresponding recess within emitter body405. Insulator435may be similar in implementation and description to insulator120, shown inFIG. 1and insulator240, shown inFIG. 2. Once insulator435is installed within emitter body405, conductor rod420may be inserted through emitter body405into a corresponding void in insulator435such that at least connector430of conductor rod420protrudes past insulator435. Conductor rod420is appropriately sized such that at least some portion of the hemispherical emitter415protrudes, in a preferred embodiment, at least slightly above emitter body405. Conductor rod420may be permanently or removably secured within insulator435using techniques known in the art.

Element450and element455illustrate portions of anode415and emitter body405which may be plated with a metal or metal alloy, such as palladium. In one embodiment, an outside, convex, surface of anode415may be plated with a metal or metal alloy, such as palladium, rhodium, platinum, conductive polymers, and conductive ceramics. In another embodiment, both an inside and outside surface of emitter body405may be plated with a metal or metal alloy, such as palladium, rhodium, platinum, conductive polymers, and conductive ceramics. Accordingly, a portion of emitter body405may be plated with the exemplary conductive materials discussed herein, such as palladium while a remaining portion of emitter body405is unplated. However, it is conceivable that the entirety of emitter body405may be plated, according to certain embodiments.

FIG. 5illustrates an emitter manifold500. Emitter manifold500includes a manifold body505, which may be formed using plastic or metal materials. As shown inFIG. 5, manifold body505may be constructed in a hexagonal shape although other shapes may be implemented as desired, subject to proper alignment of emitters510a-510c, as will be discussed below. For example, manifold body505may be implemented in a circular shape or any other polygonal shape, as may be suitable for a particular implementation. Manifold body505may include one or more ports520a-520ffor connecting manifold body505to an exhaust system.

Manifold body505may further include one or more emitters, such as emitter510a, emitter510b, and emitter510c. In one embodiment, three emitters are included within manifold body505. Preferably, each emitter is spaced from the other emitters at substantially 120° (within approximately 5°). Further, each emitter may be “tuned” to produce a non-linear quantum dissonance chamber515within manifold body505. For example, each emitter may be connected singly to an individual power source or may be commonly connected to one power source, or a plurality of power sources.

Each emitter may be supplied with a particular voltage of electricity, a particular amperage of electricity, at a particular frequency, at a particular phasing, at a particular amplitude, and for a particular duration, which is unique to each individual emitter. For example, each emitter may be supplied with 13.5 volts of direct current electricity at between 60-120 amps and output 150,000 volts of direct current electricity at 5.5 milliamps. One emitter may output a plasma field at 1.3 megahertz while a second output frequency for a second emitter may be a perfect 5thharmonic above the primary frequency and while a third output frequency for a third emitter may be a perfect minor 2ndbelow the primary frequency. Other variables such as phasing and duration may be adjusted to suit a particular implementation.

When each emitter is properly powered, a non-linear quantum dissonance condition is created within non-linear quantum dissonance chamber515which allows molecules within non-linear quantum dissonance chamber515to be dissociated into their constituent elements. For example, a molecule of carbon dioxide may be dissociated into an atom of carbon and two atoms of oxygen. Similarly, a molecule of nitrogen oxide may be dissociated into an atom of nitrogen and an atom of oxygen. Tests have shown emitter manifold500is capable of dissociating any gaseous molecule.

FIG. 6illustrates an exemplary exhaust system600implementing an emitter manifold610, which is similar to emitter manifold500, shown inFIG. 5. Exhaust system600includes an exhaust source605which is emitted directly into emitter manifold610. Exhaust source605, as shown in this example, is from an internal combustion engine in a vehicle, such as a light truck or car. However, the use of emitter manifold610is not limited in application to vehicles. Emitter manifold610may be used in any exhaust environment (which includes unburned exhausts generated by pressure built up by volatile and non-volatile organic or inorganic compounds, such as might exist within various storage tanks).

Emitter manifold610may include emitters615a,615b, and615cwhich are implemented as shown and described with respect toFIG. 5, above. Emitter manifold610may be connected to a muffler620, an exhaust pipe625aand a tail pipe625b. Emitter615amay receive power via wire630afrom power supply635. Similarly, emitter615bmay receive power via wire630bfrom power supply635. Emitter615cmay also receive power via wire630cfrom power supply635. As shown inFIG. 6, power supply635is represented as a single power supply, providing power to each emitter. However, it is again noted that multiple power supplies may be implemented and each emitter may be powered by a power supply dedicated singly to that emitter.

Exhaust system600allows exhaust to flow into emitter manifold610which efficiently dissociates molecules in the exhaust flow, using the techniques described herein and allows the elemental components of the gas to flow into muffler620. Muffler620, as is known in the art, reduces the noise generated by an engine. The elemental components of the exhaust may then flow from muffler620into exhaust pipe625aand out tail pipe625b. It is believed that the elemental components, when exhausted, will have a drastically less undesirable and harmful effect on the Earth's atmosphere.

The foregoing description is presented for purposes of illustration. It is not exhaustive and does not limit the invention to the precise forms or embodiments disclosed. Modifications and adaptations are apparent to those skilled in the art from consideration of the specification and practice of the disclosed embodiments. For example, components described herein may be removed and other components added without departing from the scope or spirit of the embodiments disclosed herein or the appended claims.