Hair setting lotion

There is disclosed a hair setting lotion which comprises a predetermined amount of a polymeric compound for setting the hair and a propylene oxide and ethylene oxide adduct of a higher alcohol. The adduct is contained in an amount of 0.05-1.0 time the polymeric compound on the weight basis. In order to further improve the hair setting effect, squalane can be added in an amount of 0.05-2.0 times the polymeric compound on the weight basis.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
1. Field of the Invention 
This invention relates to hair cosmetics and more particularly, to hair 
setting lotions which exhibit excellent curl retentivity and good texture 
of the hair after setting. 
2. Description of the Prior Art 
Cold perm treatments have widely been made so as to have the hair waved or 
curled. After the cold permanent waving, the hair is applied with hair 
setting lotions such as set lotions or hair sprays for the purpose of 
insuring the setting and beautiful styling of the hair. These hair setting 
lotions are also used to cause the hair, which has not been subjected to 
the cold perm treatment, to be transiently waved or curled or to prevent 
the hair from dishevelling. 
These hair setting lotions have been heretofore produced by dissolving 
polymeric compounds for hair setting (hereinafter referred to simply as 
"polymeric compound") in a suitable solvent such as water, lower alcohols 
or mixed solvents of water and lower alcohols. The resulting solution is 
used as it is to give a setting lotion, and when a suitable liquefied gas 
is mixed with the solution as an injection to give an aerosol, this is 
used as a hair spray. 
However, the conventional hair setting lotions thus obtained have the 
drawbacks (1) that since the surface tension of polymeric compounds is 
higher than the critical surface tension of the hair, they deposit on the 
hair as small lumps in the form of islands and do not form a uniform film, 
(2) that the polymer compound deposits on the hair as islands, so that the 
curl retentivity especially under high humidity conditions is poor and the 
texture is also poor, and (3) that the polymer compound deposited in the 
form of islands is liable to flake when the hair is combed, making the 
luster of the hair poor. In order to overcome the drawbacks, attempts have 
been made to add and incorporate oils for cosmetics, silicone oils, 
surface active agents and the like but are not satisfactory in results. 
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
It is an object of the invention to provide a hair setting lotion which can 
overcome the drawbacks of the prior-art hair setting lotions. 
It is another object of the invention to provide a hair setting lotion 
which exhibits much improved texture of the hair after setting and 
prolonged curl retention. 
It is a further object of the invention to provide a hair setting lotion in 
which the specific type of propylene oxide and ethylene oxide adducts of 
higher alcohols are incorporated. 
According to one aspect of the invention, there is provided a hair setting 
lotion which comprises the following ingredients (a) and (b): 
(a) 0.2-10.0 wt% of a polymer compound; and 
(b) a propylene oxide and ethylene oxide adduct of a higher alcohol 
contained in an amount of 0.05-1.0 time the ingredient (a) on the weight 
basis and represented by the formula (I) 
EQU RO--C.sub.3 H.sub.6 O)n(C.sub.2 H.sub.4 O--.sub.m H (I) 
in which R represents an aliphatic hydrocarbon group having 8-20 carbon 
atoms, n is a value of 10-50, and m is a value of 3-20. 
According to another aspect of the invention, there is provide a hair 
setting lotion which comprises the following ingredients (a), (b) and (c): 
(a) 0.2-10.0 wt% of a polymer compound; 
(b) a propylene oxide and ethylene oxide adduct of a higher alcohol 
contained in an amount of 0.05-1.0 time the ingredient (a) on the weight 
basis and represented by the formula (I) 
EQU RO--C.sub.3 H.sub.6 O)n(C.sub.2 H.sub.4 O--.sub.m H (I) 
in which R, m and n have the same meanings as defined hereinbefore; and (c) 
squalane contained in an amount of 0.05-2.0 times the ingredient (a) on 
the weight basis. 
DETAILED DESCRIPTION AND PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS OF THE INVENTION 
The ingredient (a) of the invention is any polymer compounds used for 
conventional hair setting lotions and includes, for example, the following 
various compounds. 
(1) Polyvinylpyrrolidone polymer compounds 
There are mentioned as this class of the polymer compound 
polyvinylpyrrolidone, copolymers of vinyl pyrrolidone and vinyl acetate, 
terpolymers of vinylpyrrolidone, vinyl acetate and alkylaminoacrylates and 
the like which are commercially available in the name of Luviskol K, 
Luviskol VA, Luviflex D410I (Yuka-Badische Co., Ltd.) PVPK, PVP/VA, E-735 
(GAF Co., Ltd.) and the like. 
(2) Acidic vinyl ether polymer compounds 
Lower alkyl half esters of copolymers of methylvinyl ether and maleic 
anhydride, commercially available under the name of Gantrez ES-225, ES-335 
(GAF Co., Ltd.) can be mentioned. 
(3) Acidic polyvinyl acetate polymer compounds 
Copolymers of vinyl acetate and crotonic acid are mentioned and 
commercially available under the name of Resin 28-1310 (National Starch 
Co., Ltd.), Lviset CE5055 (Yuka-Badische Co., Ltd.) and the like. 
(4) Acidic acryl polymer compounds 
There are mentioned, for example, copolymers of acrylic acid and/or 
methacrylic acid and acrylic acid alkyl esters and/or methacrylic acid 
alkyl esters, and copolymers of acrylic acid, acrylic acid alkyl esters 
and N-alkylacrylamides. Commercially available products include Plascize 
(Gooh Chem. Co., Ltd.), Ultrahold 8 (Ciba-Geigy A.G.) and the like. 
(5) Amphoteric acrylic polymer compounds 
There are mentioned, for example, compounds obtained by copolymerizing 
dialkylaminoethyl methacrylates, dialkylaminoethyl acrylates and 
diacetoneacrylamide and acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, acrylic acid alkyl 
esters and methacrylic acid alkyl esters, and amphoterizing them with 
acetic halides and commercially available products include Ukaformer 
(AMPHOSET) AM-75 (Mitsubishi Petrochemical Co., Ltd.) and the like. 
(6) Decomposition Derivatives of Keratin 
The derivatives are those obtained by decomposing keratin materials by 
oxidation or decomposing keratin materials by reduction and chemically 
modifying thiol groups of the decomposition product. 
The keratin materials include, for example, animal hair, human hair, 
feather, nail, horn, hoof, scale and the like, among which wool, human 
hair and feather are preferable. 
The derivatives at the thiol groups are shown below: 
##STR1## 
Among them, --SCH.sub.2 COOH and 
##STR2## 
are preferable. 
The chemical modification of the thiol groups can be made by any procedures 
known per se, for example, on the basis of procedures described in N. H. 
Leon: Textile Progress, Vol. 7, page 1 (1975), "Yuuki Ioo Kagoubutsu 
(Organic Sulfur Compounds)" written by Shigeru Daikyo (published by Kagaku 
Dojin (1968), and "Koubunshi Jikkengaku Koza" written by Masami Oku, Vol. 
12, Kyoritsu Shuppan (1957). 
Among the polymer compounds of the ingredient (a), those having acidic 
groups should preferably be treated so that part or all (50 to 100%) of 
the acidic groups are neutralized from a viewpoint of the improvement of 
washability and texture. The alkalis employed for the neutralization are 
not critical and the acidic groups of the polymeric compound can be 
converted into salts of alkali metals such as sodium, potassium and the 
like, an ammonium salt, or salts of organic bases such as ethanolamine, 
diethanolamine, triethanolamine, 2-amino-2-methylpropanol, 
2-amino-2-methyl-1, 3-propanediol, triisopropanolamine, glycine, 
histidine, alginine and the like. Of these, salts of 
2-amino-2-methylpropanol and 2-amino-2-methyl-1, 3-propanediol are 
preferable. 
Preferable polymer compounds are acidic acrylic polymer compounds (4) such 
as copolymers of diacetoneacrylamide, acrylic acid or methacrylic acid 
esters of fatty alcohols having 4-18 carbon atoms, or acrylic acid, 
methacrylic acid or itaconic acid and acrylic acid esters or methacrylic 
acid esters having 1-3 carbon atoms (Japanese Patent Publication No. 
50-6538), and acrylic polymeric compounds of (5) including those obtained 
by copolymerizing monomers selected from the following three groups 
(i)-(iii) and subjecting the copolymer to the acetic halogenation 
treatment (Japanese Laid-open Publication No. 55-104209): 
(i) dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate, diethylaminoethyl methacrylate, 
dimethylaminoethyl acrylate, N,N-dimethylethyl methacrylamide, 
4-vinylpyridine and the like; 
(ii) stearyl acrylate or methacrylate, lauryl acrylate or methacrylate, 
butyl acrylate or methacrylate, cyclohexyl acrylate or methacrylate, allyl 
methacrylate, ethyl acrylate or methacrylate, 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, and 
the like; and 
(iii) acrylonitrile, diacetone, acrylamide, styrene, chlorostyrene, 
vinyltoluene, vinyl acetate, hydroxyalkyl acrylate or methacrylate, an 
ester of polyethylene glycol or polypropylene glycol and acrylic or 
methacrylic acid, N-vinylpyrrolidone and the like. 
In the practice of the invention, the ingredient (a) is made of one or more 
of the polymeric compounds and is contained in the hair setting lotion in 
an amount of 0.2-10.0 wt%, preferably 0.5-3 wt%. 
The ingredient (b) is made of one or more propylene oxide and ethylene 
oxide adducts of higher alcohols and is contained in an amount of 0.05-1.0 
time in weight the ingredient (a). Preferably ingredients (b) are those of 
the general formula (I) in which R is an alkyl group having 12 to 18 
carbon atoms, n is a value of 20-40, and m is a value of 3-10. 
The ingredient (c) used in a preferred embodiment of the invention is 
squalane having the following formula (II), 
##STR3## 
and is used in an amount of 0.05-2.0 times in weight the ingredient (a). 
Amounts smaller than 0.05 times are unfavorable since the set retentivity 
is not much improved as compared with the squalane-free composition, 
whereas amounts greater than 2.0 times are also unfavorable in view of the 
texture of the resulting composition since oiliness is emphasized. 
The hair setting lotion according to the invention can be prepared by 
dissolving the above-described ingredients in a solvent such as water, a 
lower alcohol or a mixed solvent of water and a lower alcohol by a usual 
manner and, if necessary, mixing the solution with an propellant for 
aerosol. 
The solvent is preferably water or a mixed solvent of a monohydric alcohol 
having 2-3 carbon atoms and water for the setting lotion and a monohydric 
alcohol having 2-3 carbon atoms and particularly ethanol for the hair 
spray. 
The spray injection used for the hair spray includes, for example, 
chloroalkane or chlorofluoroalkane propellant such as 
trichloromonofluoromethane, dichlorodifluoromethane and the line, 
liquefied petroleum gas or mixtures thereof and is preferably charged in a 
pressure container in such a way that the inner pressure of an aerosol can 
after the charging is in the range of 2.0-4.0 kg/m.sup.2 G. 
The propellant should be present in the hair setting lotion in an amount 
over 40% and preferably 50-80% or more. 
To the hair setting lotion according to the invention may be added, aside 
from the above ingredients, within ranges not impeding the effect of the 
invention the following cosmetic oils; glycerides such as castor oil, 
cacao oil, mink oil, avocado oil, olive oil and the like, waxes such as 
beeswax, whale oil, lanolin, carnauba wax and the like; alcohols such as 
cetyl alcohol, oleyl alcohol, hexadecyl alcohol, lauryl alcohol, stearyl 
alcohol, isostearyl alcohol, 2-octyldodecanol, propylene glycol, 
polypropylene glycol, glycerine and the like; esters such as isopropyl 
myristate, hexyl laurate, cetyl lactate, propylene glycol monostearate, 
oleyl oleate, hexadecyl 2-ethylhexanoate, octyldodecyl myristate and the 
like; and silicone dervatives such as dimethylpolysiloxane, 
methylphenylpolysiloxane, polyethyer-modified silicone oils, 
epoxy-modified silicone oils, amino-modified silicone oils, alkyl-modified 
silicone oils and the like. In order to enhance the commercial value, 
perfumes or colorants may be added. Preservatives or antioxidants may be 
also added so as to prevent the composition from deteriorating as time 
goes. 
The thus obtained hair setting lotion of the invention exhibits excellent 
curl retentivity and good texture of the hair after setting and these are 
emphasized especially when it is applied as a setting lotion or hair 
spray. 
The present invention is particularly described by way of the following 
examples.

EXAMPLE 1 
Hair spray compositions of the following formulations were prepared and 
their set retentivity and texture of the hair applied were evaluated. The 
results are shown in Table 1. 
______________________________________ 
Formulation: (wt %) 
______________________________________ 
Polyvinylpyrrolidone (M.W. 40,000) 
2.0 
Propylene oxide and ethylene oxide 
0.3 
adduct of higher alcohol (or comparative 
compounds) 
Perfume 0.1 
Absolute ethanol balance 
Trichlorofluoromethane 30 
Dichlorodifluoromethane 30 
______________________________________ 
Tests: 
(1) Set Retentivity 
A hair tress of 18 cm in length and 1.5 g in weight was wetted with water, 
wound about a rod, and air-dried. After the drying, the curled tress was 
removed from the rod, applied with each of the hair spray compositions for 
5 seconds, and naturally dried. The curled hair was suspended in an 
air-conditioned chamber (25.degree. C., 65%R.H.) for 1 hour and the degree 
of dilatation of the curled hair was observed to determine the set 
retentivity. The retentivity was determined such that the length of the 
hair which had been sprayed was taken as 100% set retentivity and the 
length of the curl-free, original hair (18 cm) was taken as 0% set 
retentivity. 
(2) Texture, Stickiness 
The hair tresses curled in the same manner as in (1) were applied with the 
individual hair spray compositions and naturally dried, which tresses were 
subjected to the sensory evaluation by 10 female panel members. The 
evaluation was shown by an average of evaluation points of the respective 
panel members. 
______________________________________ 
(Evaluation Point) 
Content 
______________________________________ 
+3 Much better than control 
+2 Better than control 
+1 Slightly better than control 
0 Equal to control 
-1 Slightly worse than control 
-2 Worse than control 
-3 Much worse than control 
______________________________________ 
TABLE 1 
__________________________________________________________________________ 
Propylene oxide and ethylene oxide adduct of 
set 
higher alcohol (or comparative compound) 
Retentivity 
Texture 
Stickiness 
__________________________________________________________________________ 
Composition 
In formula (1), R = C.sub.12, n = 45, 
67 +2.3 +2.2 
of m = 10, 
Invention 
Comparative 
Diethyl phthalate 40 +0.6 -0.8 
Composition 
Polyoxyethylene (20) sorbit monolaurate 
41 +0.6 +0.3 
Propylene oxide and ethylene oxide adduct 
50 +0.6 +0.3 
of lower alcohol (in formula (I) 
R = C.sub.4, n = 20 and m = 30) 
Polyoxyethylene (10) cetyl ether 
50 +1.3 +1.1 
Polyoxypropylene (15) cetyl ether 
45 +0.4 -0.2 
Control 1 
Nil 31 0 0 
Control 2* 20 +1.8 +2.0 
__________________________________________________________________________ 
Control 2*: The same composition as the inventive composition except that 
polyvinylpyrrolidone is not contained. 
EXAMPLE 2 
Hair spray compositions of the following formulations were prepared and 
evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1 with respect to the set 
retentivity, texture and stickiness. The results are shown in Table 2. 
______________________________________ 
Formulation: (wt %) 
______________________________________ 
Polymer compound 2.0 
Propylene oxide and ethylene oxide 
0.2 (or 0) 
adduct of higher alcohol 
Perfume 0.2 
Absolute ethanol balance 
Trichlorofluoromethane 
30 
Dichlorodifluoromethane 
30 
______________________________________ 
Result: 
TABLE 2 
__________________________________________________________________________ 
Propylene Oxide and Ethylene 
Set Sticki- 
Polymer Compound Oxide Adduct of Higher Alcohol 
Retentivity 
Texture 
ness 
__________________________________________________________________________ 
Composition of 
Gantrez ES225 (note 1) 
In formula (1), R = C.sub.16, n 
6930, +2.8 +2.3 
Invention 
(GAF Co., Ltd.) m = 5 
Vem 640 (note 2) 
In formula (1), R = C.sub.16, n 
6830, +2.2 +2.9 
(BARR-STALFORT CO., LTD) 
m = 5 
Ukaformer AM75 (note 3) 
In formula (1), R = C.sub.16, n 
7430, +2.5 +2.9 
m = 5 
Control Gantrez ES225 Nil 32 0 0 
Control Vem 640 Nil 41 0 0 
2 
Control Ukaformer AM75 Nil 42 0 0 
3 
__________________________________________________________________________ 
(Note 1) Methyl vinyl ether/maleic anhydride copolymer 
(Note 2) 90% neutralized product of vinylpyrrolidone/methacrylic 
acid/methacrylic ester copolymer with 2aminomethylpropanol 
(Note 3) Amphoterized product of dialkylaminoethyl methacrylate polymer 
with monochloroacetic acid 
EXAMPLE 3 
Hair spray compositions of the following formulations were prepared and 
evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1 with respect to the set 
retentivity, texture and stickiness. The results are shown in Table 3. 
______________________________________ 
Formulation: (wt %) 
______________________________________ 
Acrylic ester/methacrylic ester 
1.0 
copolymer* 
Propylene oxide and ethylene oxide 
0.2 
adduct of higher alcohol (in formula 
(I), R = C.sub.16, n = 20, m = 5) 
Squalane (Table 3) 
Absolute ethanol balance 
Trichlorofluoromethane 
30 
Dichlorodifluoromethane 
30 
______________________________________ 
*Placize L 53P, by Goo Chem. Co., Ltd. 
Results: 
TABLE 3 
______________________________________ 
Amount of Set 
Squalane Retentivity** 
(Wt %) (%) Texture Stickiness 
______________________________________ 
0.02 60 +2.2 +2.2 
0.05 72 +2.3 +2.9 
0.5 77 +3.0 +2.6 
1.0 71 +2.8 +2.0 
0 -- 0 0 
______________________________________ 
**The set retentivity was determined after allowing to stand in an 
airconditioned chamber of 25.degree. C. and 98% R.H. for 1 hour.