Method of manufacturing a saddle-shaped deflection coil for a picture display tube

A method of continuously winding in a recess-shaped winding space a saddle-shaped, flared deflection coil having two arcuate connection portions at the ends and two interposed coil flanks. Since a plurality of evenly distributed projections is inserted into the winding space during winding, reset points are provided in portions where the coil flanks are wound, which reset points counteract possible wire positioning errors (so-called winding spread) giving rise to a spread of line astigmatism when the coil is combined with a display tube.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
The invention relates to a method of manufacturing a saddle-shaped 
deflection coil which flares out from a rear end towards a front end and 
is of the type having an arcuate connection portion at the front end, an 
arcuate connection portion at the rear end and two interposed coil flanks, 
said method comprising the steps of: 
a. providing a jig having a recess formed between two jig sections, which 
recess has a shape which corresponds to the desired shape of the coil, for 
taking up continuously fed winding wire; and 
b. continuously feeding winding wire to the recess for forming a plurality 
of coil turns. 
Winding saddle-shaped deflection coils, particularly saddle-shaped line 
deflection coils for use in picture display tubes, is a generally known 
technique. It is conventional practice to combine a set of saddle-shaped 
line deflection coils with a set of saddle-shaped field deflection coils 
or a set of field deflection coils toroidally wound on a core to form an 
electromagnetic deflection unit. The nominal design of the coils may be 
such that, for example, certain requirements with respect to the geometry 
of a raster scanned by means of the deflection unit on the display screen 
of a display tube and/or with respect to the convergence of the electron 
beams on the display screen are satisfied. 
However, it has recently been found that in spite of a satisfactory nominal 
design certain combinations of deflection units and display tubes, 
particularly for use in colour monitors, sometimes exhibit a convergence 
error, the so-called line astigmatism whose magnitude differs from 
combination to combination. 
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
It is one of the objects of the invention to reduce this spread of line 
astigmatism in a substantial manner. 
The solution of the above-mentioned problem is based on the recognition 
that the structure of the coil flanks is disturbed during winding of a 
saddle-shaped (line) deflection coil because the recess between the two 
jig sections is not reproducibly filled. If the position of a wire piece 
wound in a coil flank at a given moment is not correct, there is a great 
risk that the position of the wire pieces which follow is not correct 
either. In other words, the winding spread is determined by the sum of 
disturbances of the positions of previously wound wire pieces. This 
winding spread is found to occur in saddle-shaped deflection coils in 
which the flank ends near the transition to the arcuate connection portion 
at the front end are divided into a number of sections by inserting pins 
into the winding space, so that a new starting point is formed, as it 
were, for each first turn of a section, which winding spread is also found 
to occur in saddle-shaped deflection coils without such a sectional 
division. 
The method according to the invention is characterized by inserting, during 
step b, a plurality of evenly distributed projections into the recess at 
predetermined locations in each portion where a coil flank is formed, 
after a predetermined number of coil turns has been formed to provide 
reset points for subsequent coil turns. 
In this manner a possibly disturbed structure of the flanks at a number of 
locations which are evenly distributed in the longitudinal direction of 
the coil and which may be particularly in alignment, is reset. 
The number of projections to be (additionally) inserted per flank may be, 
for example two or three in the case of a coil in which projections for 
forming sections are usually inserted into the winding space near the two 
ends of a flank during winding, or, for example three, four or five 
projections in the case of a coil having a flank which is not divided into 
sections. This is also dependent on the coil length. 
After winding, the copper filling degree of the flank portion, which is 
wound after the projections have been inserted, can be increased by means 
of a pressing operation (with the aid of a press die). Moreover, the angle 
at which the projections are inserted relative to the jig can be selected 
to obtain an optimum copper filling degree. 
In addition to the above-mentioned possibilities of resetting and 
optimising the filling degree, the insertion of projections at locations 
which are regularly distributed in the longitudinal direction of the coil 
provides a third possibility, namely arranging. This is understood to mean 
that after a first and a second projection have been inserted, consecutive 
coil turns are guided from the first projection internally or externally 
along the second projection. This provides the possibility of, for 
example, trimming the convergence. All these aspects provide the 
possibility of drastically reducing (for example by 50%) the spread of 
line astigmatism of the finished combination of display tube and 
deflection unit when winding line deflection coils, while a desired 
convergence is maintained. 
The above-mentioned advantages particularly apply when line deflection 
coils are wound because these are generally positioned closer to the 
electron beams than the field deflection coils so that, when they are 
being wound, spread errors become noticeable sooner. However, the 
invention may also be used to advantage when saddle-shaped field 
deflection coils are wound.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS 
FIG. 1 shows a colour display tube 1 comprising an electron gun system 2 
for generating three electron beams directed towards a display screen 3 
having a repetitive pattern of red, green and blue phosphor elements. An 
electromagnetic deflection system 4 is arranged coaxially with the axis of 
the tube around the path of the electron beams between the electron gun 
system 2 and the display screen 3. The deflection system 4 has a 
funnel-shaped synthetic material coil support 5 whose inner side supports 
a line deflection coil system including deflection coils 6, 7 for 
deflecting the electron beams generated by the electron gun system 3 in a 
horizontal direction. The flared line deflection coils 6, 7 are of the 
saddle type and have a front flange 8, 9 at their widest end, which flange 
is substantially located in a plane transverse to the axis 10 of the 
display tube. At their narrowest end the coils 6, 7 have packets of 
connection wires 11, 12 which connect the axial conductor packets of each 
coil 6, 7 to each other and are laid across the surface of the display 
tube 1. The coils 6, 7 are thus of the type having a "lying" rear flange 
and an "upstanding" front flange in the case shown. Alternatively, they 
may be of the type having an "upstanding" rear flange and an "upstanding" 
front flange, or of the type having a "lying" rear flange and a "lying" 
front flange. 
At its outer side the coil support 5 supports two saddle-shaped field 
deflection coils 14, 15 for deflecting electron beams generated by the 
electron gun system 2 in a vertical direction. A ferromagnetic annular 
core 13 surrounds the two sets of coils. In the case shown the field 
deflection coils are of the type having an upstanding front flange 16, 17 
and a lying rear flange. Alternatively, they may be of the type having an 
upstanding rear flange and an upstanding front flange or of the type 
having a lying rear flange and a lying front flange. 
FIG. 2 shows a conventional line deflection coil 6 in a perspective view. 
This coil comprises a plurality of turns of, for example copper wire and 
has a rear end portion 18 and a front end portion 17 between which two 
flank portions 21, 22 extend on both sides of a window 19. As is shown in 
the Figure, the front end portion 17 and the rear end portion 18 are bent 
"upwards". This need not always be the case with the rear end portion 18. 
It is obvious that bending one or both end portions upwards or not upwards 
is a design parameter which is irrelevant to the measures according to the 
invention. All these possible embodiments are summarised under the term 
"saddle-shaped deflection coils". The coil 6 flares out from the rear to 
the front so that it is adapted to the funnel shape of the portion 5 of 
the picture display tube. 
The magnetic flux required for deflecting electron beams is substantially 
entirely generated in the flank portions 21, 22. The flux generated in the 
end portions 18 and 17 substantially does not contribute to the 
deflection. Each of the flank portions 21, 22 may have a number of 
apertures near the transition to the front end for forming a number of 
sections. As is shown in the Figure, the deflection coil shown by way of 
example is divided into a first section I and a second section II. Each 
turn of the second section surrounds the turns of the first section which 
is located further inwards (closer to the window 19). By choosing the 
number, the location and the shape of the apertures near the front end as 
well as the number of turns in each section, a designer can influence the 
nominal distribution of the magnetic flux generated in the active portions 
21, 22. The invention itself will now be described with reference to FIGS. 
3 and 4. FIG. 3 is a diagrammatic side view of a (line) deflection coil 
during the inventive winding process. This winding process is carried out 
in recesses (winding spaces) 53a, 53b provided in a jig 50 which is shown 
in FIG. 4 and forms part of a winding machine. To simplify the Figure, the 
winding machine is not shown in detail. The jig 50 has two sections 51 and 
52 (comprising separate parts 52a, 52b) between which the winding spaces 
53a, 53b are recessed and are bounded by walls 54a, 55a and 54b, 55b 
having shapes corresponding to the outer boundaries of the coil to be 
wound. Positions A, B, C and D in the jig identify locations where the 
correspondingly-labeled portions of the coil shown in FIG. 2 are wound. As 
is well known in the art, winding of a coil in such a jig is carried out 
by alternately rotating the jig in opposite directions around an axis 56 
while the wire is alternately guided into the spaces 53a and 53b by a 
winding arm 57 which rotates in the direction of the arrow. 
During winding the inner coil section 27 is wound first (see FIG. 3), for 
example around a mandril defining the shape of the coil window 19 (see 
FIG. 2). As soon as the number of turns required for the section 27 is 
reached, two pins 37 located symmetrically with respect to the 
longitudinal axis and approximately perpendicularly to the plane of the 
turns are inserted substantially simultaneously into the part of the 
winding space where the front flange is formed, as in the example of FIG. 
3. The first turn of the next section 29 is now laid around the pins 37 so 
that two apertures 23 are produced in the flank portions 21 between the 
sections 27 and 29. After the required number of turns of the second 
section 29 is reached, two or more pins 39 are inserted into the winding 
space. By "arranging" the turns, apertures 25 are produced. The winding 
operation is carried out continuously, i.e. the wire is fed without any 
interruption. 
The apertures 25 approximately have the shape of a triangle. One side of 
this triangle coincides with the last turn of the section preceding the 
relevant aperture and the other sides coincide with the first turn of the 
turn subsequent to the aperture. As described hereinbefore, the currently 
used combinations of colour monitor tubes and deflection units exhibit a 
spread of line astigmatism. The invention is based on the recognition that 
this spread is predominantly due to the circumstance that the location of 
the wires in the flanks of the line deflection coils is not reproducible. 
If the winding space or jig recess is not reproducibly filled during the 
winding operation, the structure of the coil flanks may be disturbed. 
According to the embodiment of the invention illustrated in FIG. 3, the 
disturbed structure is reset at four locations in the flanks by inserting 
the pins 39 (which are in alignment). In fact, the winding spread which is 
responsible for the spread of line astigmatism is a sum of disturbances at 
the locations of previously wound wires. 
After the winding operation a possible mispositioning of the wires can be 
corrected by means of pressing with a calibration die. However, this 
pressing operation is only effective if the filling degree is very high. 
The filling degree of the outer turn packet 40 is optimised as much as 
possible by optimally positioning the angle at which the pins 39 are 
inserted into the jig. The copper filling degree in the outer packet can 
thus be constantly corrected for at least 50%. By arranging wire packets 
between the pins 39 during the winding operation, the distribution of the 
wires can be influenced in such a way that the spread of line astigmatism 
is reduced by 50%, while the convergence properties are maintained.