Power transmission device non-contact power feeding system with detection circuit to detect current amplitude in transmission-side coil

In a non-contact power feeding system which is formed with a power transmission device having a power transmission-side resonant circuit including a power transmission-side coil and a power reception device having a power reception-side resonant circuit including a power reception-side coil and which can transmit and receive power by a magnetic field resonance method, when the power is transmitted, the power transmission device monitors the amplitude of a current flowing through the power transmission-side coil. Then, when a current amplitude detection value (VmFOD) falls outside a predetermined normal range, it is determined that a foreign object is present, and thus the power transmission is stopped.

TECHNICAL FIELD

The present invention relates to a power transmission device, a power reception device and a non-contact power feeding system.

BACKGROUND ART

As one type of proximity wireless communication, there is wireless communication which is performed by NFC (Near field communication) that uses 13.56 MHz as a carrier frequency. On the other hand, a technology is also proposed which utilizes a coil used for NFC communication so as to perform non-contact power feeding by a magnetic field resonance method.

In the non-contact power feeding utilizing the magnetic field resonance, a power transmission-side resonant circuit including a power transmission-side coil is arranged in a power feeding device, a power reception-side resonant circuit including a power reception-side coil is arranged in an electronic device serving as a power reception device and the resonant frequencies of the resonant circuits are set to a common reference frequency. An alternating current is then passed through the power transmission-side coil, and thus an alternating magnetic field at the reference frequency is generated in the power transmission-side coil. Then, the alternating magnetic field is transmitted to the power reception-side resonant circuit which resonates at the reference frequency, and thus an alternating current flows through the power reception-side coil. In other words, power is transmitted from the power transmission-side resonant circuit including the power transmission-side coil to the power reception-side resonant circuit including the power reception-side coil.

RELATED ART DOCUMENT

Patent Document

Patent document 1: Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2014-33504

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

Although only an electronic device corresponding to a power feeding device is normally arranged on a power feeding table (a power feeding mat or a power feeding cradle) in the power feeding device such that desired power feeding (power transmission) is performed, a foreign object which does not correspond to the power feeding device may be erroneously arranged on the power feeding table. The foreign object here is, for example, an object (such as a card) which includes a wireless IC tag having an antenna coil of 13.56 MHz that does not respond to NFC communication. For example, the foreign object is also an electronic device in which an NFC communication function itself is included but in which the function is disabled. For example, a smart phone in which the NFC communication function is included but in which the function is turned off by a software setting can be the foreign object. A smart phone in which the NFC communication function is enabled but in which a power reception function is not included is also classified as the foreign object.

If such a foreign object is placed on a power feeding table when a power transmission operation is performed, the foreign object may be destroyed by a strong magnetic field generated in a power transmission-side coil. For example, the strong magnetic field at the time of the power transmission operation may increase the terminal voltage of a coil in the foreign object on the power feeding table to 100 to 200V, and as long as a foreign object which can withstand such a high voltage is not formed, the foreign object is destroyed. An iron plate or the like can be the foreign object. Depending on a carrier frequency in power feeding, the foreign object such as the iron plate may generate heat by a magnetic field generated in the power transmission-side coil, and when the generated heat is problematic, it is also necessary to cope with such a problem.

On the other hand, in an electronic device serving as a power reception device, in terms of a structural strength, a texture improvement or the like, a metal plate formed of aluminum may be provided. In order for the transmission and reception of power utilizing magnetic field resonance to be realized, an opening portion is provided in the metal plate in a position opposite the arrangement position of a power reception-side coil, and at the time of the transmission and reception of power, a power transmission-side coil is opposite the power reception-side coil through the opening portion.

However, the metal plate having the opening portion acts so as to produce a change in the resonant frequency of each resonant circuit through magnetic coupling to the coil. The change is not desirable for a system which performs the transmission and reception of power at the reference frequency.

An object of the present invention is to provide a power transmission device and a non-contact power feeding system which contribute to the prevention of destruction of a foreign object or the like. Another object of the present invention is to provide a power reception device and a non-contact power feeding system which contribute to the realization of satisfactory power reception or satisfactory transmission and reception of power.

Means for Solving the Problem

A first power transmission device according to the present invention which can transmit power to a power reception device serving as a first power reception device by a magnetic field resonance method includes: a power transmission-side resonant circuit which includes a power transmission-side coil that transmits the power; a power transmission circuit which can supply an alternating current voltage to the power transmission-side resonant circuit; a detection circuit which detects the amplitude of a current flowing through the power transmission-side coil; and a control circuit which performs power transmission control on the power by controlling the power transmission circuit, where when the power is transmitted, the control circuit controls, based on the amplitude detection value of the detection circuit, whether or not the continuation of the power transmission is allowed.

Specifically, for example, preferably, in the first power transmission device, when the power is transmitted, the control circuit monitors whether or not the amplitude detection value of the detection circuit falls outside a predetermined range so as to control whether or not the continuation of the power transmission is allowed.

More specifically, for example, preferably, in the first power transmission device, while the power is transmitted, when the control circuit detects that the amplitude detection value of the detection circuit falls outside the predetermined range, the control circuit stops the power transmission.

For example, preferably, in the first power transmission device, when the power is transmitted, the control circuit determines whether or not the amplitude detection value of the detection circuit falls outside the predetermined range so as to determine whether or not a foreign object is present which is different from the power reception device and which can generate a current based on a magnetic field generated in the power transmission-side coil, and when the control circuit determines that the foreign object is present, the control circuit stops the power transmission.

Here, for example, preferably, in the first power transmission device, when the power is transmitted, the control circuit determines whether or not the amplitude detection value of the detection circuit exceeds an upper limit value of the predetermined range so as to determine whether or not as the foreign object, a foreign object including a coil is present.

For example, preferably, in the relationship with the first power transmission device, the power reception device includes: a power reception-side resonant circuit which includes a power reception-side coil that receives the power; and a change/short circuit which changes the resonant frequency of the power reception-side resonant circuit from a resonant frequency when the power is received or short-circuits the power reception-side coil before the reception of the power, the control circuit includes: a first processing portion which controls the power transmission circuit such that in a state where the power reception device changes the resonant frequency of the power reception-side resonant circuit or short-circuits the power reception-side coil according to a signal provided by communication from the power transmission device, a predetermined test magnetic field is generated in the power transmission-side coil before the transmission of the power; a second processing portion which determines, based on the amplitude detection value of the detection circuit when the test magnetic field is generated, whether or not the power transmission can be performed; and a third processing portion which realizes the power transmission by controlling the power transmission circuit such that after it is determined that the power transmission can be performed, a power transmission magnetic field larger than the test magnetic field is generated in the power transmission-side coil and the detection circuit detects, through processing which amplifies a signal indicating the amplitude of the current flowing through the power transmission-side coil, the amplitude, and an amplification factor in the amplification when the power transmission magnetic field is generated in the power transmission-side coil is smaller than an amplification factor in the amplification when the test magnetic field is generated in the power transmission-side coil.

A first non-contact power feeding system according to the present invention includes: a power transmission device having a power transmission-side resonant circuit including a power transmission-side coil that transmits power; and a power reception device having a power reception-side resonant circuit including a power reception-side coil that receives the power and which can transmit and receive the power by a magnetic field resonance method, where the power transmission device includes: a power transmission circuit which can supply an alternating current voltage to the power transmission-side resonant circuit; a detection circuit which detects the amplitude of a current flowing through the power transmission-side coil; and a control circuit which performs power transmission control on the power by controlling the power transmission circuit, and when the power is transmitted, the control circuit controls, based on the amplitude detection value of the detection circuit, whether or not the continuation of the power transmission is allowed.

Specifically, for example, preferably, in the first non-contact power feeding system, when the power is transmitted, the control circuit monitors whether or not the amplitude detection value of the detection circuit falls outside a predetermined range so as to control whether or not the continuation of the power transmission is allowed.

More specifically, for example, preferably, in the first non-contact power feeding system, while the power is transmitted, when the control circuit detects that the amplitude detection value of the detection circuit falls outside the predetermined range, the control circuit stops the power transmission.

For example, preferably, in the first non-contact power feeding system, when the power is transmitted, the control circuit determines whether or not the amplitude detection value of the detection circuit falls outside the predetermined range so as to determine whether or not a foreign object is present which is different from the power reception device and which can generate a current based on a magnetic field generated in the power transmission-side coil, and when the control circuit determines that the foreign object is present, the control circuit stops the power transmission.

Here, for example, preferably, in the first non-contact power feeding system, when the power is transmitted, the control circuit determines whether or not the amplitude detection value of the detection circuit exceeds an upper limit value of the predetermined range so as to determine whether or not as the foreign object, a foreign object including a coil is present.

For example, preferably, in the first non-contact power feeding system, the power reception device includes a change/short circuit which changes the resonant frequency of the power reception-side resonant circuit from a resonant frequency when the power is received or short-circuits the power reception-side coil before the reception of the power, the control circuit includes: a first processing portion which controls the power transmission circuit such that in a state where the power reception device changes the resonant frequency of the power reception-side resonant circuit or short-circuits the power reception-side coil according to a signal provided by communication from the power transmission device, a predetermined test magnetic field is generated in the power transmission-side coil before the transmission of the power; a second processing portion which determines, based on the amplitude detection value of the detection circuit when the test magnetic field is generated, whether or not the power transmission can be performed; and a third processing portion which realizes the power transmission by controlling the power transmission circuit such that after it is determined that the power transmission can be performed, a power transmission magnetic field larger than the test magnetic field is generated in the power transmission-side coil and the detection circuit detects, through processing which amplifies a signal indicating the amplitude of the current flowing through the power transmission-side coil, the amplitude, and an amplification factor in the amplification when the power transmission magnetic field is generated in the power transmission-side coil is smaller than an amplification factor in the amplification when the test magnetic field is generated in the power transmission-side coil.

A second power reception device according to the present invention which can receive, from a power transmission device having a power transmission-side resonant circuit including a power transmission-side coil that transmits power, the power by a magnetic field resonance method includes: a power reception-side resonant circuit that includes a power reception-side coil that receives the power; and a metal portion that includes a metal plate in which an opening portion is provided in a position opposite the arrangement position of the power reception-side coil, where when the power transmission device and the power reception device are in a predetermined positional relationship for performing the transmission and reception of the power, the opening portion is located between the power transmission-side coil and the power reception-side coil, and a magnetic member portion is provided in such a position as to affect at least one of a resonant frequency of the power reception-side resonant circuit and a resonant frequency of the power transmission-side resonant circuit.

Specifically, for example, preferably, in the second power reception device, the magnetic member portion includes a magnetic member within the opening portion which is arranged in the opening portion.

More specifically, for example, preferably, in the second power reception device, the magnetic member within the opening portion cancels a change in the resonant frequency of the power reception-side resonant circuit caused by the metal plate and cancels a change in the resonant frequency of the power transmission-side resonant circuit caused by the metal plate in the predetermined positional relationship.

For example, preferably, in the second power reception device, in the predetermined positional relationship, a distance between the power reception-side coil and the magnetic member within the opening portion is equal to a distance between the power transmission-side coil and the magnetic member within the opening portion.

For example, preferably, in the second power reception device, the opening portion is sealed by the magnetic member within the opening portion.

For example, preferably, in the second power reception device, the magnetic member within the opening portion is a magnetic member plate which is fitted into the opening portion, and one surface of the magnetic member plate and one surface of the metal plate are located on a same plane, and the other surface of the magnetic member plate and the other surface of the metal plate are located on a same plane parallel to the plane.

For example, preferably, in the second power reception device, the power reception-side coil is arranged between the magnetic member portion and the metal plate, the transmission and reception of the power are performed in a state where the resonant frequencies of the power transmission-side resonant circuit and the power reception-side resonant circuit are set to a predetermined reference frequency, the magnetic member portion cancels a change in the resonant frequency of the power reception-side resonant circuit from the reference frequency caused by the metal plate and in the predetermined positional relationship, the resonant frequency of the power transmission-side resonant circuit is changed to the reference frequency through a change in the resonant frequency of the power transmission-side resonant circuit which is affected by the metal plate.

Here, for example, preferably, in the second power reception device, an electronic circuit is provided which includes an integrated circuit on a side opposite to the magnetic member portion when seen from the power reception-side coil.

Furthermore, for example, preferably, in the second power reception device, the metal plate is arranged between the power reception-side coil and the magnetic member portion, the transmission and reception of the power are performed in a state where the resonant frequencies of the power transmission-side resonant circuit and the power reception-side resonant circuit are set to a predetermined reference frequency, the magnetic member portion cancels a change in the resonant frequency of the power transmission-side resonant circuit from the reference frequency caused by the metal plate in the predetermined positional relationship and the resonant frequency of the power reception-side resonant circuit is changed to the reference frequency through a change in the resonant frequency of the power reception-side resonant circuit which is affected by the metal plate.

Furthermore, for example, preferably, in the second power reception device, the magnetic member portion is arranged between the power reception-side coil and the metal plate, the transmission and reception of the power are performed in a state where the resonant frequencies of the power transmission-side resonant circuit and the power reception-side resonant circuit are set to a predetermined reference frequency, the magnetic member portion cancels a change in the resonant frequency of the power reception-side resonant circuit from the reference frequency caused by the metal plate and in the predetermined positional relationship, the resonant frequency of the power transmission-side resonant circuit is changed to the reference frequency through a change in the resonant frequency of the power transmission-side resonant circuit which is affected by the metal plate.

Specifically, for example, preferably, in the second power reception device, the magnetic member portion is formed of ferrite.

Specifically, for example, preferably, in the second power reception device, the metal plate is formed of aluminum or an aluminum alloy.

Specifically, for example, preferably, in the second power reception device, the enclosure of the power reception device is formed with the metal portion.

A second non-contact power feeding system according to the present invention includes: the power reception device serving as the second power reception device; and the power transmission device which has the power transmission-side resonant circuit including the power transmission-side coil that transmits the power, where the transmission and reception of the power can be performed by the magnetic field resonance method.

Specifically, for example, preferably, in the second non-contact power feeding, the power transmission device includes: a power transmission circuit which can supply an alternating current voltage to the power transmission-side resonant circuit; a detection circuit which detects an amplitude of a current flowing through the power transmission-side coil; and a control circuit which performs power transmission control on the power by controlling the power transmission circuit based on an amplitude detection value of the detection circuit.

For example, preferably, in the second non-contact power feeding system, the power reception device includes a change/short circuit which changes the resonant frequency of the power reception-side resonant circuit from a resonant frequency when the power is received or short-circuits the power reception-side coil before the reception of the power from the power transmission device, the control circuit includes: a first processing portion which controls the power transmission circuit such that in a state where the power reception device changes the resonant frequency of the power reception-side resonant circuit or short-circuits the power reception-side coil according to a signal provided by communication from the power transmission device, a predetermined test magnetic field is generated in the power transmission-side coil before the transmission of the power; a second processing portion which determines, based on the amplitude detection value of the detection circuit when the test magnetic field is generated, whether or not the power transmission can be performed; and a third processing portion which realizes the power transmission by controlling the power transmission circuit such that after it is determined that the power transmission can be performed, a power transmission magnetic field larger than the test magnetic field is generated in the power transmission-side coil and based on the magnetic field generated in the power transmission-side coil, currents in directions opposite to each other flow through the metal plate and the magnetic member portion.

A third power reception device according to the present invention which can receive, from a power transmission device having a power transmission-side resonant circuit including a power transmission-side coil that transmits power, the power by a magnetic field resonance method includes: a power reception-side resonant circuit which includes a power reception-side coil that receives the power; and a metal portion that includes a metal plate in which an opening portion is provided in a position opposite an arrangement position of the power reception-side coil, where when the power transmission device and the power reception device are in a predetermined positional relationship for performing the transmission and reception of the power, the opening portion is located between the power transmission-side coil and the power reception-side coil, and in the metal plate, a slit portion is formed from the opening portion toward an outer periphery of the metal plate.

Specifically, for example, preferably, in the third power reception device, the slit portion includes a cut slit which is extended from the opening portion to the outer periphery of the metal plate.

More specifically, for example, preferably, in the third power reception device, the metal portion includes, as the metal plate, a first metal plate in which a first opening portion is provided in the position opposite the arrangement position of the power reception-side coil and a second metal plate in which a second opening portion is provided in the position opposite the arrangement position of the power reception-side coil, the first metal plate and the second metal plate are coupled to each other through an insulating member, and in the predetermined positional relationship, the first opening portion and the second opening portion are located between the power transmission-side coil and the power reception-side coil, the slit portion includes, as the cut slit, a first cut slit which is extended from the first opening portion to an outer periphery of the first metal plate and a second cut slit which is extended from the second opening portion to an outer periphery of the second metal plate and within a plane parallel to the first metal plate and the second metal plate, the first cut slit and the second cut slit are formed in different positions.

For example, in the third power reception device, the slit portion can include a plurality of slits which are formed in different positions from the opening portion toward the outer periphery of the metal plate, and a metal of the metal plate can be left between each of the slits and the outer periphery of the metal plate.

Here, for example, preferably, in the third power reception device, the slits are formed radially from the opening portion toward the outer periphery of the metal plate.

For example, preferably, in the third power reception device, the transmission and reception of the power are performed in a state where resonant frequencies of the power transmission-side resonant circuit and the power reception-side resonant circuit are set to a predetermined reference frequency, and in the predetermined positional relationship, the resonant frequencies of the power transmission-side resonant circuit and the power reception-side resonant circuit are changed to the reference frequency through changes in the resonant frequencies of the power transmission-side resonant circuit and the power reception-side resonant circuit which are affected by the metal plate.

For example, in the third power reception device, the metal plate is formed of aluminum or an aluminum alloy.

For example, preferably, in the third power reception device, the enclosure of the power reception device is formed with the metal portion.

A third non-contact power feeding system according to the present invention includes: the power reception device serving as the third power reception device; and the power transmission device which has the power transmission-side resonant circuit including the power transmission-side coil that transmits the power, where the transmission and reception of the power can be performed by the magnetic field resonance method.

Specifically, for example, preferably, in the third non-contact power feeding system, the power transmission device includes: a power transmission circuit which can supply an alternating current voltage to the power transmission-side resonant circuit; a detection circuit which detects an amplitude of a current flowing through the power transmission-side coil; and a control circuit which performs power transmission control on the power by controlling the power transmission circuit based on an amplitude detection value of the detection circuit.

For example, preferably, in the third non-contact power feeding system, the power reception device includes a change/short circuit which changes the resonant frequency of the power reception-side resonant circuit from a resonant frequency when the power is received or short-circuits the power reception-side coil before the reception of the power from the power transmission device, and the control circuit includes: a first processing portion which controls the power transmission circuit such that in a state where the power reception device changes the resonant frequency of the power reception-side resonant circuit or short-circuits the power reception-side coil according to a signal provided by communication from the power transmission device, a predetermined test magnetic field is generated in the power transmission-side coil before the transmission of the power; a second processing portion which determines, based on the amplitude detection value of the detection circuit when the test magnetic field is generated, whether or not the power transmission can be performed; and a third processing portion which realizes the power transmission by controlling the power transmission circuit such that after it is determined that the power transmission can be performed, a power transmission magnetic field larger than the test magnetic field is generated in the power transmission-side coil.

Advantages of the Invention

According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a power transmission device and a non-contact power feeding system which contribute to the prevention of destruction of a foreign object or the like. It is also possible to provide a power reception device and a non-contact power feeding system which contribute to the realization of satisfactory power reception or satisfactory transmission and reception of power.

DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS

Examples of the embodiment of the present invention will be specifically described below with reference to drawings. In the drawings referenced, the same portions are identified with the same symbols, and the repeated description of the same portions will be omitted in principle. In the present specification, for simplification of description, signs or symbols which refer to information, signals, physical amounts, state amounts, members and the like are provided, and thus the names of the information, the signals, the physical amounts, the state amounts, the members and the like corresponding to the signs or symbols may be omitted or described in short. In an arbitrary flowchart which will be described later, a plurality of types of processing in an arbitrary plurality of steps can be arbitrarily changed in the order in which they are performed or can be performed at the same time unless otherwise a contradiction arises in the details of the processing.

First Embodiment

A first embodiment of the present invention will be described.FIGS. 1A and 1Bare schematic external views of a power feeding device1and an electronic device2according to the first embodiment of the present invention. Specifically,FIG. 1Ais an external view of the power feeding device1and the electronic device2when they are in a separate state, andFIG. 1Bis an external view of the power feeding device1and the electronic device2when they are in a reference arrangement state. The significance of the separate state and the reference arrangement state will be described in detail later. The power feeding device1and the electronic device2form a non-contact power feeding system. The power feeding device1includes a power supply plug11that receives commercial alternating current power and a power feeding table12which is formed of a resin material.

FIG. 2shows a schematic internal configuration diagram of the power feeding device1and the electronic device2. The power feeding device1includes: an AC/DC conversion portion13which generates a direct current voltage having a predetermined voltage value from a commercial alternating current voltage input through the power supply plug11and which outputs the direct current voltage; a power transmission-side IC100(hereinafter also referred to as an IC100) which is an integrated circuit that is driven by use of the output voltage of the AC/DC conversion portion13; and a power transmission-side resonant circuit TT (hereinafter also referred to as a resonant circuit TT) which is connected to the IC100. The AC/DC conversion portion13, the power transmission-side IC100and the resonant circuit TT can be disposed in the power feeding table12. A circuit other than IC100which is driven by use of the output voltage of the AC/DC conversion portion13can be provided in the power feeding device1.

The electronic device2includes: a power reception-side IC200(hereinafter also referred to as an IC200) which is an integrated circuit; a power reception-side resonant circuit RR (hereinafter also referred to as a resonant circuit RR) which is connected to the IC200; a battery21which is a secondary battery; and a functional circuit22which is driven based on the output voltage of the battery21. The IC200can supply charging power to the battery21though the details thereof will be described later. The IC200may be driven by the output voltage of the battery21or may be driven based on a voltage from a voltage source other than the battery21. Alternatively, a direct current voltage which is obtained by rectifying a signal for NFC communication (which will be described in detail later) received from the power feeding device1may serve as a drive voltage for the IC200. In this case, even when the battery21does not have the remaining capacity, the IC200can be driven.

The electronic device2may be an arbitrary electronic device, and is, for example, a mobile phone (including a mobile phone classified as a smart phone), a portable information terminal, a tablet-type personal computer, a digital camera, an MP3 player, a pedometer or a Bluetooth (registered trademark) headset. The functional circuit22realizes an arbitrary function which needs to be realized by the electronic device2. Hence, for example, when the electronic device2is a smart phone, the functional circuit22includes a call processing portion for realizing a call with the device of a party on the other end, a communication processing portion for transmitting and receiving information to and from other devices through a network and the like. For example, when the electronic device2is a digital camera, the functional circuit22includes a drive circuit which drives an image sensing element, an image processing circuit which generates image data from the output signal of the image sensing element and the like. It may be considered that the functional circuit22is a circuit which is provided in a device outside the electronic device2.

As shown inFIG. 3, the resonant circuit TT includes a coil TLwhich is a power transmission-side coil and a capacitor TCwhich is a power transmission-side capacitor, and the resonant circuit RR includes a coil RLwhich is a power reception-side coil and a capacitor RCwhich is a power reception-side capacitor. In the following description, it is assumed that in order to give a concrete form to the description, unless otherwise described, the power transmission-side coil TLand the power transmission-side capacitor TCare connected in parallel to each other so as to form the resonant circuit TT as a parallel resonant circuit, and that the power reception-side coil RLand the power reception-side capacitor RCare connected in parallel to each other so as to form the resonant circuit RR as a parallel resonant circuit. However, the power transmission-side coil TLand the power transmission-side capacitor TCmay be connected in series with each other so as to form the resonant circuit TT as a series resonant circuit, and the power reception-side coil RLand the power reception-side capacitor RCmay be connected in series with each other so as to form the resonant circuit RR as a series resonant circuit.

As shown inFIG. 1B, when the electronic device2is placed within a predetermined region on the power feeding table12, by a magnetic field resonance method (that is, by the utilization of magnetic field resonance), it is possible to perform communication, power transmission and power reception between the devices1and2. The magnetic field resonance is also referred to as magnetic field sympathetic oscillation or the like.

The communication between the devices1and2is wireless communication (hereinafter referred to as NFC communication) by NFC (Near field communication), and the frequency of a carrier for the communication is 13.56 MHz (megahertz). In the following description, 13.56 MHz is referred to as a reference frequency. Since the NFC communication between the devices1and2is performed by the magnetic field resonance method utilizing the resonant circuits TT and RR, the resonant frequencies of the resonant circuits TT and RR are set to the reference frequency. However, the resonant frequency of the resonant circuit RR can be temporarily changed from the reference frequency as will be described later.

The power transmission and the power reception between the devices1and2are the power transmission by the NFC from the power feeding device1to the electronic device2and the power reception by the NFC in the electronic device2. The power transmission and the power reception are collectively referred to as NFC power transfer or power transfer in a simple manner. Power is transmitted by the magnetic field resonance method from the coil TLto the coil RL, and thus the power transfer is realized in a non-contact manner.

In the power transfer utilizing the magnetic field resonance, an alternating current is passed through the power transmission-side coil TL, and thus an alternating magnetic field at the reference frequency is generated in the power transmission-side coil TL. Then, the alternating magnetic field is transmitted to the resonant circuit RR which resonates at the reference frequency (that is, which performs sympathetic oscillation) such that an alternating current flows through the power reception-side coil RL. In other words, power is transmitted from the resonant circuit TT including the power transmission-side coil TLto the resonant circuit RR including the power reception-side coil RL. In the following description, the magnetic field which is generated by the coil TLor the coil RLin the NFC communication or the power transfer is the alternating magnetic field which oscillates at the reference frequency unless otherwise described though the description thereof may be omitted.

A state where the electronic device2is placed within a predetermined power transmission region on the power feeding table12(the power feeding device1and the electronic device2are in a predetermined positional relationship), that is, the electronic device2is placed within a predetermined range on the power feeding table12such that it is possible to realize the NFC communication and the power transfer described above is referred to as a reference arrangement state (seeFIG. 1B). When the magnetic field resonance is utilized, even if the distance to the device on the other end is relatively long, it is possible to perform the communication and the power transfer whereas if the electronic device2is located a considerable distance away from the power feeding table12, it is impossible to realize the communication and the power transfer. A state where the electronic device2is located sufficiently away from the power feeding table12such that it is impossible to realize the communication and the power transfer described above is referred to as a separate state (seeFIG. 1A). Although in the power feeding table12shown inFIG. 1A, the front surface is flat, a recess or the like which corresponds to the shape of the electronic device2to be placed thereon may be formed in the power feeding table12. The reference arrangement state may be interpreted so as to belong to a state where the electronic device2is present in the predetermined power transmission region (that is, the region for performing the power transmission and the power reception) in which it is possible to perform the transmission and reception of power between the power feeding device1and the electronic device2, and the separate state may be interpreted so as to belong to a state where the electronic device2is not present in the power transmission region.

FIG. 4shows a partial configuration diagram of the power feeding device1including an internal block diagram of the IC100. In the IC100, individual portions are provided which are represented by symbols110,120,130,140,150and160.FIG. 5shows a partial configuration diagram of the electronic device2including an internal block diagram of the IC200. In the IC200, individual portions are provided which are represented by symbols210,220,230,240and250. A capacitor23which outputs the drive voltage for the IC200may be connected to the IC200. The capacitor23can output the direct current voltage obtained by rectifying the signal for the NFC communication received from the power feeding device1.

The switching circuit110connects, under control of the control circuit160, either of the NFC communication circuit120and the NFC power transmission circuit130to the resonant circuit TT. The switching circuit110can be formed with a plurality of switches which are interposed between the resonant circuit TT and the circuits120and130. An arbitrary switch which is described in the present specification may be formed with a semiconductor switching element such as a field effect transistor.

The switching circuit210connects, under control of the control circuit250, the resonant circuit RR to either of the NFC communication circuit220and the NFC power reception circuit230. The switching circuit210can be formed with a plurality of switches which are interposed between the resonant circuit RR and the circuits220and230.

A state where the resonant circuit TT is connected through the switching circuit110to the NFC communication circuit120and where the resonant circuit RR is connected through the switching circuit210to the NFC communication circuit220is referred to as a communication connection state. In the communication connection state, the NFC communication can be performed. In the communication connection state, the NFC communication circuit120can supply an alternating current signal (an alternating current voltage) at the reference frequency to the resonant circuit TT. The NFC communication between the devices1and2is performed by a half-duplex method.

When in the communication connection state, the power feeding device1is a transmission side, an arbitrary information signal is superimposed on the alternating current signal supplied by the NFC communication circuit120to the resonant circuit TT, and thus the information signal is transmitted from the coil TLserving as a power feeding device-side antenna coil and is received by the coil RLserving as an electronic device-side antenna coil. The information signal received in the coil RLis extracted in the NFC communication circuit220. When in the communication connection state, the electronic device2is the transmission side, the NFC communication circuit220can transmit an arbitrary information signal (response signal) from the coil RLin the resonant circuit RR to the coil TLin the resonant circuit TT. As is known, this transmission is realized by a load modulation method in which based on an ISO standard (for example, ISO 14443 standard), the impedance of the coil RL(the electronic device-side antenna coil) seen from the coil TL(the power feeding device-side antenna coil) is changed. The information signal transmitted from the electronic device2is extracted in the NFC communication circuit120.

A state where the resonant circuit TT is connected through the switching circuit110to the NFC power transmission circuit130and where the resonant circuit RR is connected through the switching circuit210to the NFC power reception circuit230is referred to as a power feeding connection state.

In the power feeding connection state, the NFC power transmission circuit130can perform a power transmission operation, and the NFC power reception circuit230can perform a power reception operation. The power transfer is realized by the power transmission operation and the power reception operation. In the power transmission operation, the power transmission circuit130supplies, to the resonant circuit TT, a power transmission alternating current signal (power transmission alternating current voltage) at the reference frequency so as to generate a power transmission magnetic field (power transmission alternating magnetic field) at the reference frequency in the power transmission-side coil TL, and thus power is fed by the magnetic field resonance method from the resonant circuit TT (the power transmission-side coil TL) to the resonant circuit RR. The power received in the power reception-side coil RLbased on the power transmission operation is fed to the power reception circuit230, and in the power reception operation, the power reception circuit230generates arbitrary direct current power from the received power and outputs it. With the output power of the power reception circuit230, it is possible to charge the battery21.

Although a magnetic field is also generated in the coil TLor the coil RLwhen the NFC communication is performed in the communication connection state, a magnetic field intensity in the NFC communication falls within a predetermined range. The lower limit value and the upper limit value in the range are defined in the standard of the NFC so as to be 1.5 A/m and 7.5 A/m, respectively. By contract, in the power transfer (that is, the power transmission operation), the intensity of a magnetic field (the intensity of the power transmission magnetic field) generated in the power transmission-side coil TLis more than the upper limit value described above so as to be, for example, about 45 to 60 A/m. In the non-contact power feeding system including the devices1and2, it is possible to alternately perform the NFC communication and the power transfer (NFC power transfer), and the state of a magnetic field intensity at that time is shown inFIG. 6.

The load detection circuit140detects the magnitude of a load for the power transmission-side coil TL, that is, the magnitude of a load for the power transmission-side coil TLwhen the alternating current signal is supplied from the power transmission circuit130to the power transmission-side coil TL.FIG. 7shows a relationship between the power transmission circuit130, the load detection circuit140and the resonant circuit TT in the power feeding connection state. InFIG. 7, the switching circuit110is omitted.

The power transmission circuit130includes: a signal generator131which generates a sinusoidal signal at the reference frequency; an amplifier (power amplifier)132which amplifies the sinusoidal signal generated in the signal generator131so as to output the amplified sinusoidal signal between lines134and135with reference to the potential of the line134; and a capacitor133. On the other hand, the load detection circuit140includes a sense resistor141, an envelope detector142, an amplifier143and an A/D converter144. Although the intensity of the sinusoidal signal generated by the signal generator131is fixed to a constant value, the amplification factor of the amplifier132is variably set by the control circuit160.

One end of the capacitor133is connected to the line135. In the power feeding connection state, the other end of the capacitor133is connected in common to one ends of the capacitor TCand the coil TL, and the other end of the coil TLis connected in common to the line134and the other end of the capacitor TCthrough the sense resistor141.

The power transmission operation is realized by supplying an alternating current signal (power transmission alternating current voltage) from the amplifier132through the capacitor133to the resonant circuit TT. In the power feeding connection state, the alternating current signal from the amplifier132is supplied to the resonant circuit TT, and thus an alternating current at the reference frequency flows through the power transmission-side coil TL, with the result that an alternating current voltage drop is produced in the sense resistor141. The solid line waveform ofFIG. 8is a voltage waveform of the voltage drop produced by the sense resistor141. When on the resonant circuit TT, under the condition in which the intensity of the magnetic field generated in the power transmission-side TLis constant, the electronic device2is brought close to the power feeding table12, a current based on the magnetic field generated in the power transmission-side coil TLflows through the power reception-side coil RLwhereas a counter electromotive force based on the current flowing through the power reception-side coil RLis generated in the power transmission-side coil TL, and the counter electromotive force acts so as to reduce the current flowing through the power transmission-side coil TL. Hence, as shown inFIG. 8, the amplitude of the voltage drop of the sense resistor141in the reference arrangement state is smaller than that in the separate state.

The envelope detector142detects the envelope of a signal of the voltage drop in the sense resistor141so as to output an analogue voltage signal proportional to the voltage v ofFIG. 8. The amplifier143amplifies the output signal of the envelope detector142and outputs it. The A/D converter144converts the output voltage signal of the amplifier143into a digital signal so as to output a digital voltage value VD. As is understood from the above description, the voltage value VDhas a value proportional to the amplitude of the current flowing through the sense resistor141(hence, the amplitude of the current flowing through the power transmission-side coil TL) (as the amplitude is increased, the voltage value VDis increased). Hence, the load detection circuit140can be said to be a current amplitude detection circuit which detects the amplitude of the current flowing through the power transmission-side coil TL, and the amplitude detection value thereof can be considered to be the voltage value VD. The envelope detector142may be provided in a stage subsequent to the amplifier143. However, as shown inFIG. 7, when the envelope detector142is provided in a stage preceding the amplifier143, it is advantageously possible to adopt the amplifier143whose response performance for high frequencies is low.

For the power transmission-side coil TLwhich generates a magnetic field, a coil such as the power reception-side coil RLwhich is magnetically coupled to the power transmission-side coil TLcan be considered to be a load, and depending on the magnitude of the load, the voltage value VDwhich is the detection value of the load detection circuit140is changed. Hence, it can also be considered that the load detection circuit140detects the magnitude of the load by the output of the voltage value VD. The magnitude of the load here can be said to be the magnitude of the load for the power transmission-side coil TLin the power transmission or can be said to be the magnitude of the load in the electronic device2which is seen from the power feeding device1in the power transmission. The sense resistor141may be provided within the IC100or may be provided outside the IC100.

The memory150(seeFIG. 4) is formed with a nonvolatile memory, and stores arbitrary information in a nonvolatile manner. The control circuit160comprehensively controls the operations of the individual portions within the IC100. The control performed by the control circuit160includes, for example, control on the switching operation of the switching circuit110, control on the details of the communication operation and the power transmission operation of the communication circuit120and the power transmission circuit130and control on whether or not the operations are performed, control on the operation of the load detection circuit140and control on the storage of the memory150and control on the reading thereof. The control circuit160incorporates a timer (unillustrated), and thereby can measure the length of a time between arbitrary timings.

The resonant state change circuit240(seeFIG. 5) in the electronic device2is a resonant frequency change circuit which changes the resonant frequency of the resonant circuit RR from the reference frequency to another predetermined frequency fMor a coil short circuit which short-circuits the power reception-side coil RLin the resonant circuit RR.

A resonant frequency change circuit240A inFIG. 9is an example of the resonant frequency change circuit serving as the resonant state change circuit240. The resonant frequency change circuit240A is formed with a series circuit of a capacitor241and a switch242, one end of the series circuit is connected in common to one ends of the capacitor RCand the coil RLand the other end of the series circuit is connected in common to the other ends of the capacitor RCand the coil RL. The switch242is turned on or off under control of the control circuit250. When the switch242is turned off, the capacitor241is separated from the capacitor RCand the coil RL, and thus when a parasitic inductance and a parasitic capacitance are ignored, the resonant circuit RR is formed with only the coil RLand the capacitor RC, and the resonant frequency of the resonant circuit RR coincides with the reference frequency. In other words, when the switch242is turned off, a power reception-side capacitance for determining the resonant frequency of the resonant circuit RR is the capacitor RCitself. When the switch242is turned on, since the capacitor241is connected in parallel to the capacitor RC, the resonant circuit RR is formed with the coil RLand the combined capacitance of the capacitors RCand241, with the result that the resonant frequency of the resonant circuit RR is the frequency fMwhich is lower than the reference frequency. In other words, when the switch242is turned on, the power reception-side capacitance for determining the resonant frequency of the resonant circuit RR is the combined capacitance described above. Here, it is assumed that when the switch242is turned on, the frequency fMis separate from the reference frequency such that the resonant circuit RR does not function as a load for the power transmission-side coil TL(that is, such that magnetic field resonance is not sufficiently produced between the resonant circuits TT and RR). For example, the resonant frequency (that is, the frequency fM) of the resonant circuit RR when the switch242is turned on is set to several hundred kHz to 1 MHz.

As long as the resonant frequency of the resonant circuit RR can be changed to the frequency fM, the resonant frequency change circuit serving as the change circuit240is not limited to the resonant frequency change circuit240A, and the frequency fMmay be higher than the reference frequency. For example, the resonant frequency change circuit may be a circuit which switches connection and non-connection between the coil RLand the capacitor RCby turning on and off a switch that is inserted in series on a current loop for connecting the coil RLand the capacitor RC(when the state is switched to the non-connection, the resonant frequency (»the reference frequency) of the resonant circuit RR is determined by the coil RLand the parasitic capacitance of the wiring). In other words, with consideration given to the fact that the power reception-side resonant circuit RR can be a series resonant circuit, the following can be said. The power reception-side resonant circuit RR includes the parallel circuit or the series circuit of the power reception-side coil (RL) and the power reception-side capacitance, and when the power reception-side capacitance coincides with a predetermined reference capacitance, the resonant frequency fOof the power reception-side resonant circuit RR coincides with the reference frequency. The resonant frequency change circuit increases or decreases the power reception-side capacitance from the reference capacitance with necessary timing. In this way, in the power reception-side resonant circuit RR, the parallel circuit or the series circuit is formed with the power reception-side coil (RL) and the power reception-side capacitance which is higher or lower than the reference capacitance, with the result that the resonant frequency fOof the power reception-side resonant circuit RR is changed from the reference frequency.

A coil short circuit240B inFIG. 10is an example of the coil short circuit serving as the resonant state change circuit240. The coil short circuit240B is formed with a switch243that is connected (inserted) between a node to which the one end of the capacitor RCand one end of the coil RLin the resonant circuit RR are connected in common and a node to which the other end of the capacitor RCand the other end of the coil RLin the resonant circuit RR are connected in common. The switch243is turned on or off under control of the control circuit250. When the switch243is turned on, the coil RLin the resonant circuit RR is short-circuited (more specifically, both ends of the coil RLare short-circuited). In a state where the power reception-side coil RLis short-circuited, the power reception-side resonant circuit RR is not present (a state equivalent to a state where the power reception-side resonant circuit RR is not present is entered). Hence, while the power reception-side coil RLis short-circuited, a load for the power transmission-side coil TLis sufficiently reduced (that is, a state as if the electronic device2were not present on the power feeding table12is entered). As long as the power reception-side coil RLcan be short-circuited, the coil short circuit serving as the change circuit240is not limited to the coil short circuit240B.

In the following description, an operation which changes the resonant frequency fOof the power reception-side resonant circuit RR from the reference frequency to the predetermined frequency fMis referred to as a resonant frequency change operation, and an operation which short-circuits the power reception-side coil RLwith the coil short circuit is referred to as a coil short circuit operation. For simplification of description, the resonant frequency change operation or the coil short circuit operation is also referred to as an fOchange/short circuit operation.

The control circuit250(seeFIG. 5) comprehensively controls the operations of the individual portions within the IC200. The control performed by the control circuit250includes, for example, control on the switching operation of the switching circuit210, control on the details of the communication operation and the power reception operation of the communication circuit220and the power reception circuit230and control on whether or not the operations are performed and control on the operation of the change circuit240. The control circuit250incorporates a timer (unillustrated), and thereby can measure the length of a time between arbitrary timings. For example, the timer in the control circuit250can measure time during which the change of the resonant frequency fOto the predetermined frequency fMor the short-circuiting of the power reception-side coil RLby the fOchange/short circuit operation is maintained (that is, the measurement of a time TMwhich will be described later; see step S207inFIG. 19).

Incidentally, the control circuit160of the power feeding device1determines whether or not a foreign object is present on the power feeding table12, and can control the power transmission circuit130such that only when the foreign object is not present, the power transmission operation is performed. The foreign object in the present embodiment differs from the electronic device2and the constituent elements of the electronic device2(such as the power reception-side coil RL). The foreign object includes an object which can generate a current (current within the foreign object) based on the magnetic field generated in the power transmission-side coil TLwhen the power feeding device1is brought close thereto. In the present embodiment, the presence of the foreign object may be interpreted so as to mean that the foreign object is present in such a position that an unignorable current based on the magnetic field generated in the power transmission-side coil TLflows within the foreign object. The current flowing within the foreign object based on the magnetic field generated in the power transmission-side coil TLgenerates an electromotive force (or a counter electromotive force) in the coil (TLor RL) which is opposite the foreign object or is coupled thereto, with the result that the current can exert an unignorable influence on the properties of the circuit including the coil.

FIG. 11Ashows a schematic outline view of a foreign object3which is one type of foreign object, andFIG. 11Bshows a schematic internal configuration diagram of the foreign object3. The foreign object3includes a resonant circuit JJ which is formed with a parallel circuit of a coil JLand a capacitor JCand a foreign object internal circuit300which is connected to the resonant circuit JJ. The resonant frequency of the resonant circuit JJ is set to the reference frequency. Unlike the electronic device2, the foreign object3is a device which does not correspond to the power feeding device1. For example, the foreign object3is an object (such as a non-contact IC card) which includes a wireless IC tag having an antenna coil (the coil JL) of 13.56 MHz that does not respond to NFC communication. For example, the foreign object3is also an electronic device in which an NFC communication function itself is included but in which the function is disabled. For example, a smart phone in which the NFC communication function is included but in which the function is turned off by a software setting can be the foreign object3. A smart phone in which the NFC communication function is enabled but in which a power reception function is not included is also classified as the foreign object3.

If in a state where the foreign object3described above is arranged on the power feeding table12, the power feeding device1performs the power transmission operation, the foreign object3may be destroyed by a strong magnetic field (for example, a magnetic field having a magnetic field intensity of 12 A/m or more) generated in the power transmission-side coil TL. For example, the strong magnetic field at the time of the power transmission operation may increase the terminal voltage of the coil JLin the foreign object3on the power feeding table12to 100 to 200V, and unless a foreign object3which can withstand such a high voltage is formed, the foreign object3is destroyed.

[pFOD Processing (pFOD Processing Before Power Transfer)]

Foreign object detection processing for detecting whether or not a foreign object is present will be described with reference toFIG. 12.FIG. 12is a flowchart of the foreign object detection processing (hereinafter referred to as pFOD processing) which is performed before the power transfer by the power feeding device1.

When the pFOD processing is performed, the power transmission circuit130is connected to the resonant circuit TT. In the pFOD processing, the control circuit160first sets, in step S11, the magnetic field intensity H of the power transmission-side coil TLto a predetermined test intensity. The magnetic field intensity H is the intensity of a magnetic field generated in the power transmission-side coil TL, and more specifically, the magnetic field intensity H indicates the magnetic field intensity of an alternating magnetic field which is generated in the power transmission-side coil TLand which oscillates at the reference frequency. The setting of the magnetic field intensity H to the test intensity means to control the power transmission circuit130so that a predetermined test alternating current signal (test alternating current voltage) is supplied to the resonant circuit TT, and hence to make the power transmission-side coil TLgenerate a test magnetic field as the alternating magnetic field which has the test intensity and which oscillates at the reference frequency. The test intensity which is the intensity of the test magnetic field is considerably lower than the intensity of the magnetic field (that is, the intensity of the power transmission magnetic field; for example, 45 to 60 A/m) generated in the power transmission-side coil TLin the power transfer (that is, the power transmission operation), and falls within a range from a lower limit value of “1.5 A/m” to an upper limit value of “7.5 A/m” in a communication magnetic field intensity. Hence, the foreign object3is prevented from being subjected to destruction or the like by the test magnetic field or is unlikely to be subjected thereto. The control circuit160controls the amplification factor of the amplifier132(seeFIG. 7) and thereby can variably set the magnetic field intensity H. The amplification factor of the amplifier132is preferably controlled such that when the test magnetic field is generated, the predetermined test alternating current voltage is supplied and applied to the resonant circuit TT and that when the power transmission magnetic field is generated, a predetermined power transmission alternating current voltage which has a larger amplitude than the test alternating current voltage is supplied and applied to the resonant circuit TT.

In step S12subsequent to step S11, the control circuit160uses the load detection circuit140so as to acquire, as a current amplitude detection value VpFOD, the voltage value VDwhen the test magnetic field is generated. The current amplitude detection value VpFODhas a value corresponding to the amplitude of the current flowing through the power transmission-side coil TLwhen the test magnetic field is generated in the power transmission-side coil TL. During a period in which the pFOD processing is performed, according to an instruction from the power feeding device1through the NFC communication, in the electronic device2, the fOchange/short circuit operation (the resonant frequency change operation or the coil short circuit operation) is performed. Hence, the resonant circuit RR (the power reception-side coil RL) does not substantially function as a load for the power transmission-side coil TL, and thus the current amplitude detection value VpFODis prevented from being reduced or is hardly reduced.

In step S13subsequent to step S12, the control circuit160determines whether or not the current amplitude detection value VpFODfalls within a predetermined pFOD normal range. Then, when the current amplitude detection value VpFODfalls within the pFOD normal range, the control circuit160determines that the foreign object3is not present on the power feeding table12(step S14). This determination is referred to as a foreign object absence determination. On the other hand, when the current amplitude detection value VpFODfalls outside the pFOD normal range, the control circuit160determines that the foreign object3is present on the power feeding table12(step S15). This determination is referred to as a foreign object presence determination. When the foreign object absence determination is made, the control circuit160determines that the power transmission operation can be performed by the power transmission circuit130so as to allow the performance of the power transmission operation (the power transmission using the resonant circuit TT) whereas when the foreign object presence determination is made, the control circuit160determines that the power transmission operation cannot be performed by the power transmission circuit130so as to prohibit the performance of the power transmission operation. When the control circuit160determines that the power transmission operation can be performed, in the power transmission operation, the control circuit160can control the power transmission circuit130such that a predetermined power transmission magnetic field is generated in the power transmission-side coil TL.

The pFOD normal range is a range which is equal to or more than a predetermined lower limit value VpREFLbut equal to or less than a predetermined upper limit value VpREFH(0<VpREFL<VpREFH). Hence, when a determination inequality “VpREFL≤VpFOD≤VpREFH” is satisfied, the foreign object absence determination is made whereas when the determination inequality is not satisfied, the foreign object presence determination is made.

In a case where the foreign object3is present on the power feeding table12when the pFOD processing is performed, the resonant circuit JJ (the coil JL) of the foreign object3functions as a load for the power transmission-side coil TL, with the result that as compared with a case where the foreign object3is not present on the power feeding table12, the current amplitude detection value VpFODis reduced.

As the foreign object, a foreign object3a(unillustrated) which is different from the foreign object3can also be considered. The foreign object3ais, for example, a metal body (an aluminum foil or an aluminum plate) which is formed so as to contain aluminum or a metal body which is formed so as to contain copper. In a case where the foreign object3ais present on the power feeding table12when the pFOD processing is performed, as compared with a case where the foreign object3ais not present on the power feeding table12, the current amplitude detection value VpFODis increased by electrical and magnetic action.

Before the power transfer is performed, the lower limit value VpREFLand the upper limit value VpREFHare previously set and stored in the memory150through experiments and the like such that when the foreign object3is present on the power feeding table12, the current amplitude detection value VpFODfalls below the lower limit value VpREFL, that when the foreign object3ais present on the power feeding table12, the current amplitude detection value VpFODexceeds the upper limit value VpREFHand that when the foreign object (3or3a) is not present on the power feeding table12, the current amplitude detection value VpFODfalls within the pFOD normal range.

When the power transmission magnetic field is generated in a state where the foreign object3ais present on the power feeding table12, power is absorbed by the foreign object3asuch that the foreign object3amay generate heat. In the present embodiment, since it is assumed that the reference frequency serving as a carrier frequency in the power transfer is 13.56 MHz, it can be said that it is highly unlikely that the foreign object3agenerates heat. Hence, a configuration may be adopted in which without any consideration being given to the presence of the foreign object3a, only when the current amplitude detection value VpFODfalls below the lower limit value VpREFL, the foreign object presence determination is made, and in which when the current amplitude detection value VpFODis equal to or more than the lower limit value VpREFL, the foreign object absence determination is constantly made (in other words, the upper limit value VpREFHmay be abolished). However, in the invention related to the present embodiment, the reference frequency is not limited to 13.56 MHz, and when the reference frequency is set to, for example, several hundred kHz, it is highly likely that the foreign object3agenerates heat, with the result that it is preferable to adopt the above method in which not only the lower limit value VpREFLbut also the upper limit value VpREFHis determined to be within the pFOD normal range.

An additional description will be given of the method of determining the lower limit value VpREFL. The lower limit value VpREFLis determined in initial setting processing.FIG. 13is an operational flowchart of the initial setting processing. The initial setting processing is performed by the IC100under an initial setting environment below. In the initial setting environment, a load for the power transmission-side coil TLis not present at all or is small enough to be ignored, and an object (including a coil which is magnetically coupled to the power transmission-side coil TL) which can produce a current by the magnetic field generated in the power transmission-side coil TLis not present except the constituent components of the power feeding device1. The separate state ofFIG. 1Amay be considered to satisfy the initial setting environment. In order to ensure the acquisition of the initial setting environment, for example, the initial setting processing may be performed such as when the power feeding device1is manufactured or delivered. However, as long the initial setting environment can be acquired, the initial setting processing can be performed with arbitrary timing.

When the initial setting processing is performed, the power transmission circuit130is connected to the resonant circuit TT. Then, in step S21, the magnetic field intensity H of the power transmission-side coil TLis set to the predetermined test intensity, and then in step S22, in the set state, the voltage value VDacquired from the A/D converter144is obtained as a voltage value VDO. Thereafter, in step S23, the lower limit value VpREFLbased on the voltage value VDOis stored in the memory150. The lower limit value VpREFLis set lower than the voltage value VDOsuch that only under the presence of the foreign object3, the foreign object presence determination is made in the pFOD processing. For example, it is preferable to make a setting such that “VpREFL=VDO−ΔV” or “VpREFL=VDO×k”. Here, ΔV is a predetermined positive minute value (however, it is possible to make a setting such that ΔV=0). Here, k is a coefficient which has a positive predetermined value less than 1. The voltage value VDwhich can be obtained when under the initial setting environment, the magnetic field intensity H is set to the predetermined test intensity can be estimated in a design stage. Based on the value derived by this estimation, without the initial setting processing being performed, the lower limit value VpREFLmay be determined and stored in the memory150.

Consider first to fourth cases on the detection of the foreign object3with reference toFIGS. 14A to 14D. In the first case, only the electronic device2is present on the power feeding table12. In the second case, the electronic device2and the foreign object3are present on the power feeding table12. In the third case, only the foreign object3is present on the power feeding table12. In the fourth case, neither the electronic device2nor the foreign object3is present on the power feeding table12.

As described previously, since during the period in which the pFOD processing is performed, in the electronic device2, the fOchange/short circuit operation is performed, in the first case, a load for the power transmission-side coil TLis sufficiently reduced (that is, the state as if the electronic device2were not present on the power feeding table12is entered), and thus the current amplitude detection value VpFODis sufficiently increased, with the result that the foreign object absence determination is made. On the other hand, in the second case, although the resonant frequency of the resonant circuit RR is changed to the frequency fMor the power reception-side coil RLis short-circuited, since the foreign object3continues to be present as the load for the power transmission-side coil TL(since the resonant frequency of the resonant circuit JJ in the foreign object3remains the reference frequency), the current amplitude detection value VpFODis sufficiently decreased, with the result that the foreign object presence determination is made.

In the third and fourth cases, since the electronic device2which responds to the NFC communication is not present on the power feeding table12, the power transmission operation is not necessary in the first place, and thus the pFOD processing itself is not performed. The power feeding device1can determine whether or not the electronic device2which can handle the power transfer is present on the power feeding table12by the NFC communication. The state where the foreign object3is present on the power feeding table12is not limited to a state where the foreign object3is in direct contact with the power feeding table12. For example, as shown inFIG. 15, a state where the electronic device2is present on the power feeding table12so as to be in direct contact with the power feeding table12and where the foreign object3is present on the electronic device2also belongs to the state where the foreign object3is present on the power feeding table12as long as the foreign object presence determination is made.

[Exchange of Signals Until Power Transfer:FIG. 16]

The exchange of signals between the devices1and2until the power transfer is performed will be described with reference toFIG. 16. In the following description, unless otherwise described, it is assumed that the electronic device2is present on the power feeding table12in the reference arrangement state (FIG. 1B).

First, the power feeding device1serves as the transmission side and the electronic device2serves as the reception side, and the power feeding device1(the IC100) transmits, by the NFC communication, an inquiry signal510to a device on the power feeding table2(hereinafter also referred to as a power feeding target device). The power feeding target device includes the electronic device2, and can include the foreign object3. The inquiry signal510includes, for example, a signal for inquiring the unique identification information of the power feeding target device, a signal for inquiring whether the power feeding target device is in a state where the power feeding target device can perform the NFC communication and a signal for inquiring whether the power feeding target device can receive power or the power feeding target device requires the transmission of power.

The electronic device2(the IC200) which receives the inquiry signal510transmits, by the NFC communication, to the power feeding device1, a response signal520for responding to the details of the inquiry in the inquiry signal510. The power feeding device1(the IC100) which receives the response signal520analyzes the response signal520, and when the power feeding target device can perform the NFC communication and can receive power or requires the transmission of power, the power feeding device1transmits a test requirement signal530to the power feeding target device by the NFC communication. The electronic device2(the IC200) serving as the power feeding target device which receives the test requirement signal530transmits a response signal540for the test requirement signal530to the power feeding device1by the NFC communication, and then immediately performs the fOchange/short circuit operation (the resonant frequency change operation or the coil short circuit operation). The test requirement signal530is, for example, a signal for requiring the performance of the fOchange/short circuit operation or providing an instruction to perform it, and the control circuit250of the electronic device2makes the resonant state change circuit240perform the fOchange/short circuit operation by being triggered by the reception of the test requirement signal530. Before the reception of the test requirement signal530, the fOchange/short circuit operation is not performed. As long as the test requirement signal530triggers the performance of the fOchange/short circuit operation, the test requirement signal530may be any signal, and the test requirement signal530may be included in the inquiry signal510.

The power feeding device1(the IC100) which receives the response signal540performs the pFOD processing described above. During the period in which the pFOD processing is performed, the electronic device2(the IC200) continues to perform the fOchange/short circuit operation. Specifically, the electronic device2(the IC200) uses the incorporated timer so as to maintain the performance of the fOchange/short circuit operation only for a time corresponding to the length of a period in which the pFOD processing is performed, and then stops the fOchange/short circuit operation.

When in the pFOD processing, it is determined that the foreign object is not present on the power feeding table12, the power feeding device1(the IC100) transmits an authentication signal550to the power feeding target device by the NFC communication. The authentication signal550includes, for example, a signal for notifying the power feeding target device of the fact that the power transmission is performed from now. The electronic device2(the IC200) which receives the authentication signal550transmits a response signal560corresponding to the authentication signal550to the power feeding device1by the NFC communication. The response signal560includes, for example, a signal for providing a notification that the details indicated by the authentication signal550are recognized or a signal for allowing the details indicated by the authentication signal550. The power feeding device1(the IC100) which receives the response signal560connects the power transmission circuit130to the resonant circuit TT so as to perform the power transmission operation, with the result that power transfer570is realized.

Although in the first case ofFIG. 14A, the power transfer570is performed by the procedure described above, in the second case ofFIG. 14B, the processing proceeds up to the transmission and reception of the response signal540but in the pFOD processing, it is determined that the foreign object is present on the power feeding table12, with the result that the power transfer570is not performed. One round of the power transfer570may be performed only for a predetermined time, and a series of processing steps from the transmission of the inquiry signal510to the power transfer570may be repeatedly performed. In actuality, as shown inFIG. 17, the NFC communication, the pFOD processing and the power transfer (NFC power transfer) can be performed sequentially and repeatedly. In other words, in the non-contact power feeding system, the operation for performing the NFC communication, the operation for performing the pFOD processing and the operation for performing the power transfer (NFC power transfer) can be sequentially and repeatedly performed in a time division manner.

[Operational Flowchart of Power Feeding Device and Electronic Device]

The flow of the operation of the power feeding device1will then be described.FIG. 18is an operational flowchart of the power feeding device1. The operations of the communication circuit120and the power transmission circuit130are performed under control of the control circuit160.

When the power feeding device1is started up, in step S101, the control circuit160first connects the communication circuit120to the resonant circuit TT through the control of the switching circuit110. Then, in step S102, the control circuit160transmits the inquiry signal510to the power feeding target device by the NFC communication using the communication circuit120and the resonant circuit TT, and is thereafter placed, in step S103, on standby for the reception of the response signal520. When the response signal520is received in the communication circuit120, the control circuit160analyzes the response signal520, and when the power feeding target device can perform the NFC communication and can receive power or requires the transmission of power, the control circuit160determines that the power transmission target is present (Y in step S104), the process proceeds to step S105whereas when the power transmission target is not present (N in step S104), the process returns to step S102.

In step S105, the control circuit160transmits the test requirement signal530to the power feeding target device by the NFC communication using the communication circuit120and the resonant circuit TT, and is thereafter placed, in step S106, on standby for the reception of the response signal540. When the response signal540is received in the communication circuit120, in step S107, the control circuit160connects the power transmission circuit130to the resonant circuit TT through the control of the switching circuit110, and then performs the pFOD processing in step S108.

After the pFOD processing, in step S109, the control circuit160connects the communication circuit120to the resonant circuit TT through the control of the switching circuit110, and the process proceeds to step S110. When in the pFOD processing of step S108, the foreign object presence determination is made, the process returns from step S110to step S102whereas when the foreign object absence determination is made, the process proceeds from step S110to step S111.

In step S111, the control circuit160transmits the authentication signal550to the power feeding target device by the NFC communication using the communication circuit120and the resonant circuit TT, and is thereafter placed, in step S112, on standby for the reception of the response signal560. When the response signal560is received in the communication circuit120, in step S113, the control circuit160connects the power transmission circuit130to the resonant circuit TT through the control of the switching circuit110, and then the process proceeds to step S114.

The control circuit160sets, in step S114, a power transmission allowance flag on, and starts the power transmission operation and mFOD processing, and thereafter the process proceeds to step S115. Although details will be described later, whether or not the foreign object is present in the power transfer is detected by the mFOD processing, and when the foreign object is detected, the power transmission allowance flag is turned off. The control circuit160measures the time which has elapsed since the time when the power transmission operation is started, and in step S115, compares the elapsed time with a predetermined time tA(for example, 10 minutes) and checks the state of the power transmission allowance flag. When the elapsed time reaches the predetermined time tAor when the power transmission allowance flag is set off by the mFOD processing, the process proceeds to step S116. In step S116, the control circuit160switches the power transmission allowance flag from on to off or keeps the power transmission allowance flag off, and stops the power transmission operation and the mFOD processing, and thereafter the process returns to step S101.

The flow of the operation of the electronic device2will then be described.FIG. 19is an operational flowchart of the electronic device2, and the processing starting from step S201is performed as the operation of the power feeding device1shown inFIG. 18is performed. The operations of the communication circuit220and the power reception circuit230are performed under control of the control circuit250.

When the electronic device2is started up, in step S201, the control circuit250first connects the communication circuit220to the resonant circuit RR through the control of the switching circuit210. When the electronic device2is started up, the fOchange/short circuit operation is not performed. Then, in step S202, the control circuit250uses the communication circuit220so as to be on standby for the reception of the inquiry signal510. When the inquiry signal510is received in the communication circuit220, in step S203, the control circuit250analyzes the inquiry signal510so as to generate the response signal520, and transmits the response signal520to the power feeding device1by the NFC communication using the communication circuit220. Here, when the control circuit250checks the state of the battery21, then the battery21is not fully charged and an abnormality is not recognized in the battery21, the control circuit250includes, in the response signal520, a signal for being able to receive power or requiring the transmission of power. On the other hand, when the battery21is fully charged or an abnormality is recognized in the battery21, the control circuit250includes, in the response signal520, a signal indicating that it is impossible to receive power.

Then, in step S204, when the test requirement signal530is received in the communication circuit220, the process proceeds to step S205. In step S205, the control circuit250transmits the response signal540to the power feeding device1by the NFC communication using the communication circuit220, and then in step S206, uses the resonant state change circuit240so as to perform the fOchange/short circuit operation. In other words, the resonant frequency fOis changed from the reference frequency to the frequency fMor the power reception-side coil RLis short-circuited. The control circuit250measures the time which has elapsed since the time when the fOchange/short circuit operation is started (step S207), and stops the fOchange/short circuit operation when the elapsed time reaches a predetermined time tM(step S208). In other words, the resonant frequency fOis returned to the reference frequency or the short circuit of the power reception-side coil RLis cancelled. Thereafter, the process proceeds to step S209. The time tMis previously set such that during the period in which the pFOD processing is performed in the power feeding device1(that is, during the period in which the test magnetic field is generated), the performance of the fOchange/short circuit operation is maintained, and that immediately after the period is completed, the fOchange/short circuit operation is stopped. In the test requirement signal530, the time tMmay be specified.

In step S209, the control circuit250uses the communication circuit220so as to be on standby for the reception of the authentication signal550. When the authentication signal550is received in the communication circuit220, in step S210, the control circuit250transmits the response signal560for the authentication signal550to the power feeding device1by the NFC communication using the communication circuit220. When the foreign object is present on the power feeding table12, since the authentication signal550is not transmitted from the power feeding device1(see step S110inFIG. 18), the process is preferably returned to step S201in a case where the authentication signal550is not received for a certain period of time in step S209.

After the transmission of the response signal560, in step S211, the control circuit250connects the power reception circuit230to the resonant circuit RR through the control of the switching circuit210, and then in step S212, starts the power reception operation using the power reception circuit230. The control circuit250measures the time which has elapsed since the time when the power reception operation is started, and compares the elapsed time with a predetermined time tB(step S213). Then, when the elapsed time reaches the time tB(Y in step S213), in step S214, the control circuit250stops the power reception operation, and the process returns to step S201.

The time tBis previously determined or is specified in the authentication signal550such that the period during which the power reception operation is performed substantially coincides with the period during which the power transmission operation is performed in the power feeding device1. A configuration may be adopted in which after the start of the power reception operation, the control circuit250monitors a charging current for the battery21, and in which when the charging current value becomes equal to or less than a predetermined value, the control circuit250determines that the power transmission operation is completed so as to stop the power reception operation and transfer to step S201.

After the start of the power transmission operation, the foreign object may be placed on the power feeding table12. The mFOD processing functions as the foreign object detection processing in the power transfer, and whether or not the foreign object is present in the power transfer is continuously monitored by the mFOD processing.

FIG. 20is an operational flowchart of the mFOD processing. During the period in which the power transmission operation is performed, the control circuit160repeatedly performs the mFOD processing inFIG. 20. In the mFOD processing, the control circuit160first acquires, in step S51, the latest voltage value VDas a current amplitude detection value VmFOD. The current amplitude detection value VmFODhas a value corresponding to the amplitude of the current flowing through the power transmission-side coil TLwhen the power transmission magnetic field is generated in the power transmission-side coil TL. Then, in step S52, the control circuit160determines whether or not the current amplitude detection value VmFODfalls within a predetermined mFOD normal range. When the current amplitude detection value VmFODfalls within the mFOD normal range, the foreign object absence determination is made (step S53), the process returns to step S51and the processing in steps S51and S52is repeated whereas when the current amplitude detection value VmFODfalls outside the mFOD normal range, in step S54, the foreign object presence determination is made such that the power transmission allowance flag is set off. The power transmission allowance flag is controlled by the control circuit160so as to be set on or off. When the power transmission allowance flag is on, the control circuit160allows the performance of the power transmission operation whereas when the power transmission allowance flag is off, the control circuit160prohibits the performance of the power transmission operation or stops the power transmission operation.

The mFOD normal range is a range which is equal to or more than a predetermined lower limit value VmREFLbut equal to or less than a predetermined upper limit value VmREFH(0<VmREFL<VmREFH). Hence, when a determination inequality “VmREFL≤VmFOD≤VmREFH” is satisfied, the foreign object absence determination is made whereas when the determination inequality is not satisfied, the foreign object presence determination is made.

Consider, with reference toFIG. 21A, for example, a case where when the power transmission operation is performed, the foreign object3which is formed as a non-contact IC card is inserted between the power feeding table12of the power feeding device1and the electronic device2. In this case, the power reception-side coil RLof the electronic device2is magnetically coupled to the coil JLof the foreign object3, and thus the resonant frequency of the resonant circuit RR in the electronic device2is displaced from the reference frequency (13.56 MHz) together with the resonant frequency of the resonant circuit JJ in the foreign object3. Then, the power received in the power reception-side coil RLis lowered, and thus the load of the power transmission seen from the power transmission-side coil TLis reduced, with the result that the amplitude of the current flowing through the power transmission-side coil TLis increased (in this case, the upper limit value VmREFHis preferably determined such that “VmREFH<VmFOD”).

For example, with reference toFIG. 21B, when the power transmission operation is performed, if a foreign object3bserving as an iron plate or a ferrite sheet is inserted between the power feeding table12of the power feeding device1and the electronic device2, a current flows within the foreign object3bthrough electrical and magnetic action, with the result that the amplitude of the current flowing through the power transmission-side coil TLis decreased (in this case, the lower limit value VmREFLis preferably determined such that “VmFOD<VmREFL”).

As described above, a change in the current amplitude detection value VmFODis produced by whether or not the foreign object including the foreign objects3and3bis present. Through experiments and the like with the assumption of the types of foreign objects and the states of arrangement which can be considered, the lower limit value VmREFLand the upper limit value VmREFHwhich are previously appropriately determined are preferably stored in the memory150. To what degree the current amplitude detection value VmFODis changed by the presence of the foreign object in the power transfer is estimated by theoretical calculation, and based on the result of the estimation, the lower limit value VmREFLand the upper limit value VmREFHmay be determined and stored in the memory150without need for the experiments. Here, for example, with reference to the center value of the mFOD normal range, an object which changes the current amplitude detection value VmFODby a predetermined rate of change or more may be defined as the foreign object.

The amplification factor of the amplifier143shown inFIG. 7is variable. The amplitude of the current flowing through the power transmission-side coil TLwhen the power transmission operation and the mFOD processing are performed is considerably larger than that when the pFOD processing is performed. Hence, when the mFOD processing is performed, the control circuit160sets the amplification factor of the amplifier143smaller than that when the pFOD processing is performed, and thus the pFOD processing and the mFOD processing are set substantially equal to each other in the input signal range of the A/D converter144.

For example, between the envelope detector142and the A/D converter144(more specifically, between the envelope detector142and the amplifier143or between the amplifier143and the A/D converter144), a high-frequency reduction circuit (unillustrated) may be inserted. In this case, amplitude information which is obtained by performing high-frequency reduction processing (in other words, averaging processing or low-pass filtering) on a voltage drop signal for the sense resistor141can be obtained as the voltage value VDfrom the A/D converter144. In the high-frequency reduction processing here, the signal components of relatively low frequencies in the voltage drop signal for the sense resistor141are passed whereas the signal components of relatively high frequencies are reduced (attenuated). By the high-frequency reduction processing, the performance of control on the prohibition of the power transmission caused such as by noises or light vibrations in the electronic device2on the power feeding table12is reduced.

For example, instead of the provision of the high-frequency reduction circuit between the envelope detector142and the A/D converter144, high-frequency reduction processing by computation may be performed on the voltage value VDof the output signal of the A/D converter144, and the voltage value VDafter the high-frequency reduction processing may be used as the current amplitude detection value VmFOD(the same may be true for the current amplitude detection value VpFODin the pFOD processing). The high-frequency reduction processing by computation is performed in the control circuit160, and the signal components of relatively low frequencies in the output signal of the A/D converter144are passed whereas the signal components of relatively high frequencies are reduced (attenuated).

The role of the mFOD processing is not limited to the determination as to whether or not the foreign object is present. In other words, the mFOD processing plays a role in turning off the power transmission allowance flag under any conditions which are unsuitable for the continuation of the power transmission operation such as a condition in which the current amplitude detection value VmFODfalls outside the mFOD normal range. For example, when after the start of the power transmission operation, the electronic device2is removed from the top of the power feeding table12, the load of the power transmission seen from the power transmission-side coil TLis reduced such that the current amplitude detection value VmFODexceeds the upper limit value VmREFHand thus the power transmission allowance flag is turned off (step S54inFIG. 20).

As described above, when the transmission of power is performed by the power transmission operation, the control circuit160monitors whether or not the current amplitude detection value VmFODfalls outside the mFOD normal range so as to control whether or not the continuation of the power transmission is allowed. In this way, under conditions, such as when the foreign object is placed on the power feeding table12after the start of the power transmission operation, which are unsuitable for the continuation of the power transmission operation, the power transmission operation is stopped through the mFOD processing, and thus it is possible to prevent the destruction of the foreign object or the like caused by the continuation of the power transmission operation.

«First Consideration on the Present Invention»

The present invention embodied in the first embodiment described above will be considered.

A power transmission device WA1according to one aspect of the present invention which can transmit power to a power reception device by a magnetic field resonance method includes: a power transmission-side resonant circuit (TT) which includes a power transmission-side coil (TL) that transmits the power; a power transmission circuit (130) which can supply an alternating current voltage to the power transmission-side resonant circuit; a detection circuit (140) which detects the amplitude of a current flowing through the power transmission-side coil; and a control circuit (160) which performs power transmission control on the power by controlling the power transmission circuit, where when the power is transmitted, the control circuit controls, based on the amplitude detection value (VmFOD) of the detection circuit, whether or not the continuation of the power transmission is allowed.

A non-contact power feeding system WA2according to one aspect of the present invention includes: a power transmission device having a power transmission-side resonant circuit (TT) including a power transmission-side coil (TL) that transmits power; and a power reception device having a power reception-side resonant circuit (RR) including a power reception-side coil (RL) that receives the power and can transmit and receive the power by a magnetic field resonance method, where the power transmission device includes: a power transmission circuit (130) which can supply an alternating current voltage to the power transmission-side resonant circuit; a detection circuit (140) which detects the amplitude of a current flowing through the power transmission-side coil; and a control circuit (160) which performs power transmission control on the power by controlling the power transmission circuit, and when the power is transmitted, the control circuit controls, based on the amplitude detection value (VmFOD) of the detection circuit, whether or not the continuation of the power transmission is allowed.

In the power transmission device WA1and the non-contact power feeding system WA2, under conditions, such as when the foreign object is present in a position affected by the magnetic field generated in the power transmission-side coil after the start of the power transmission operation, which are unsuitable for the continuation of the power transmission operation, the power transmission operation can be stopped, and thus it is possible to prevent, for example, the destruction of the foreign object or the like caused by the continuation of the power transmission operation.

Specifically, for example, in the power transmission device WA1or the non-contact power feeding system WA2, when the power is transmitted, the control circuit preferably monitors whether or not the amplitude detection value of the detection circuit falls outside a predetermined range (mFOD normal range) so as to control whether or not the continuation of the power transmission is allowed.

More specifically, for example, in the power transmission device WA1or the non-contact power feeding system WA2, when the control circuit detects that the amplitude detection value of the detection circuit falls outside the predetermined range, the control circuit preferably stops the power transmission.

It can be considered that the condition in which the amplitude detection value of the detection circuit falls outside the predetermined range corresponds to the conditions, such as when the foreign object is present in the position affected by the magnetic field generated in the power transmission-side coil, which are unsuitable for the continuation of the power transmission operation. Under such conditions, the power transmission is stopped, and thus it is possible to prevent, for example, the destruction of the foreign object or the like caused by the continuation of the power transmission operation.

For example, preferably, in the power transmission device WA1or the non-contact power feeding system WA2, when the power is transmitted, the control circuit determines whether or not the amplitude detection value of the detection circuit falls outside the predetermined range so as to determine whether or not a foreign object is present which is different from the power reception device and which can generate a current based on the magnetic field generated in the power transmission-side coil, and when the control circuit determines that the foreign object is present, the control circuit stops the power transmission.

Here, for example, preferably, in the power transmission device WA1or the non-contact power feeding system WA2, when the power is transmitted, the control circuit determines whether or not the amplitude detection value of the detection circuit exceeds an upper limit value of the predetermined range so as to determine whether or not as the foreign object, a foreign object including a coil is present.

For example, preferably, in the power transmission device WA1, the power reception device includes: a power reception-side resonant circuit (RR) which includes a power reception-side coil (RL) that receives the power; and a change/short circuit (240) which changes the resonant frequency of the power reception-side resonant circuit from a resonant frequency when the power is received or short-circuits the power reception-side coil before the reception of the power, the control circuit (160) includes: a first processing portion which controls the power transmission circuit such that in a state where the power reception device changes the resonant frequency of the power reception-side resonant circuit or short-circuits the power reception-side coil according to a signal provided by communication from the power transmission device, a predetermined test magnetic field is generated in the power transmission-side coil before the transmission of the power; a second processing portion (pFOD processing) which determines, based on the amplitude detection value (VpFOD) of the detection circuit when the test magnetic field is generated, whether or not the power transmission can be performed; and a third processing portion which realizes the power transmission by controlling the power transmission circuit such that after it is determined that the power transmission can be performed, a power transmission magnetic field larger than the test magnetic field is generated in the power transmission-side coil and the detection circuit (140) detects, through processing which amplifies a signal indicating the amplitude of the current flowing through the power transmission-side coil, the amplitude, and an amplification factor in the amplification when the power transmission magnetic field is generated in the power transmission-side coil is smaller than an amplification factor in the amplification when the test magnetic field is generated in the power transmission-side coil.

For example, preferably, in the non-contact power feeding system WA2, the power reception device includes a change/short circuit (240) which changes the resonant frequency of the power reception-side resonant circuit from a resonant frequency when the power is received or short-circuits the power reception-side coil before the reception of the power, the control circuit (160) includes: a first processing portion which controls the power transmission circuit such that in a state where the power reception device changes the resonant frequency of the power reception-side resonant circuit or short-circuits the power reception-side coil according to a signal provided by communication from the power transmission device, a predetermined test magnetic field is generated in the power transmission-side coil before the transmission of the power; a second processing portion (pFOD processing) which determines, based on the amplitude detection value (VpFOD) of the detection circuit when the test magnetic field is generated, whether or not the power transmission can be performed; and a third processing portion which realizes the power transmission by controlling the power transmission circuit such that after it is determined that the power transmission can be performed, a power transmission magnetic field larger than the test magnetic field is generated in the power transmission-side coil and the detection circuit (140) detects, after processing which amplifies a signal indicating the amplitude of the current flowing through the power transmission-side coil, the amplitude, and an amplification factor in the amplification when the power transmission magnetic field is generated in the power transmission-side coil is smaller than an amplification factor in the amplification when the test magnetic field is generated in the power transmission-side coil.

The second processing portion is provided, and thus it is possible to prevent the power transmission from being performed under conditions, such as when the foreign object is present in the position affected by the magnetic field generated in the power transmission-side coil, which are unsuitable for the performance of the power transmission operation, with the result that it is possible to prevent, for example, the destruction of the foreign object or the like caused by the performance (the start of the performance) of the power transmission. The amplification factor is determined as described above, and thus it is possible to set the signal level after the amplification when the test magnetic field is generated and the signal level after the amplification when the transmission magnetic field is generated substantially equal to each other, with the result that, for example, it is easy to share the circuit which processes the signal after the amplification.

The power feeding device1itself in the first embodiment described above may function as the power transmission device according to the present invention or part of the power feeding device1in the first embodiment described above may function as the power transmission device according to the present invention. Likewise, the electronic device2itself in the first embodiment described above may function as the power reception device according to the present invention or part of the electronic device2in the first embodiment described above may function as the power reception device according to the present invention.

Second Embodiment

A second embodiment of the present invention will be described. The second embodiment is an embodiment based on the first embodiment, and for items which are not particularly described in the second embodiment, the description of the first embodiment is also applied to the second embodiment unless otherwise a contradiction arises.

As shown inFIG. 22, an X axis, a Y axis and a Z axis which are orthogonal to each other will be defined. A plane parallel to the X axis and the Y axis, a plane parallel to the Y axis and the Z axis and a plane parallel to the Z axis and the X axis may be referred to as an XY plane, a YZ plane and a ZX plane, respectively. The X axis and the Y axis are parallel to the placement surface of the power feeding table12, and thus the Z axis is orthogonal to the placement surface of the power feeding table12. The placement surface of the power feeding table12is a surface on which the electronic device2needs to be placed, and the electronic device2and the foreign object can be placed on the placement surface. In the description of the second embodiment and third and fourth embodiments which will be described later and in the drawings referenced therein, unless otherwise described, it is assumed that the electronic device2is placed on the placement surface of the power feeding table12in the reference arrangement state. In the reference arrangement state, the power feeding device1and the electronic device2are in a predetermined positional relationship for performing the transmission and reception of power.

FIGS. 23A and 23Bare a schematic perspective view and a schematic cross-sectional view of the power transmission-side coil TLand the power reception-side coil RLin the power feeding device1and the electronic device2in the reference arrangement state.FIGS. 24A and 24Bare a schematic perspective view and a schematic cross-sectional view of the coils TLand JLin the power feeding device1and the foreign object3in a state where the foreign object3such as a non-contact IC card is placed on the placement surface of the power feeding table12. InFIGS. 23A and 24A, for simplification of illustration and for prevention of complication thereof, the windings of the coils TL, RLand JLare expressed by double circles (the same is true forFIG. 25Cand the like which will be described later). In the drawing including the illustration of the coil, a line segment which is extended laterally from the double circle representing the coil indicates the lead wire of the coil. The cross sections in the cross-sectional views ofFIGS. 23B and 24Bare parallel to the YZ plane. Each of the coils TL, RLand JLforms a loop antenna. In the reference arrangement state, the loop surfaces of the loop antennas serving as the coils TLand RL(that is, the surfaces in which the windings of the coils TLand RLare arranged) are parallel to the XY plane, and thus the center axes of the coils TLand RLare parallel to the Z axis. The coil TLis formed by winding the winding wires (such as copper wires) around the center axis thereof (the same is true for the coils RLand JL). In a state where the foreign object3is placed on the placement surface of the power feeding table12, the loop surface of the loop antenna serving as the coil JL(that is, the surface in which the winding of the coil JLis arranged) is normally parallel to the XY plane as with the coil TL, and thus the center axis of the coil JLis parallel to the Z axis.

In order for a coupling coefficient between the coils TLand RLto be increased, on the XY plane, the coils TLand RLhave the same shape (however, they can have different shapes). In the present specification, the shape of the coil is a conception which includes the size of the coil. On an arbitrary coil, the size of the coil may be considered to indicate an area which is occupied by the outer periphery of the coil in a direction orthogonal to the center axis of the coil. When the coil forms a loop antenna, an area surrounded by the winding of the coil in the loop surface of the loop antenna (that is, the surface in which the winding of the coil is arranged) corresponds to the size of the coil.

Although inFIG. 23Aand the like, the outer peripheral shapes of the coils TLand RL(in other words, the outline shapes thereof) are circles, in each of the coils TLand RL, the outer peripheral shape of the coil is not limited to the circle, and may be oval or polygonal (such as rectangular) or a straight line and a curve may be present together with the outer peripheral shape of the coil in a mixed manner.

In the second embodiment which will be described below, it is assumed that a metal portion (hereinafter referred to as a power reception-side metal portion MT2: unillustrated) is provided in the electronic device2. In the third and fourth embodiments which will be described later, the same assumption is also made. The power reception-side metal portion MT2may form the entire enclosure of the electronic device2or part thereof. Specifically, for example, the power reception-side metal portion MT2may be a box-shaped metal case serving as the enclosure of the electronic device2. Alternatively, for example, the enclosure of the electronic device2may be formed of a resin material, and the power reception-side metal portion MT2may be fixed within the enclosure of the electronic device2. The power reception-side metal portion MT2is mainly provided so as to enhance, for example, the structural strength and the texture of the electronic device2.

The metal of the power reception-side metal portion MT2is assumed to be aluminum. The metal of the power reception-side metal portion MT2may be an alloy of aluminum and another metal, that is, an aluminum alloy (for example, a duralumin serving as an alloy of aluminum and copper). However, as long as the same influence as the case where the power reception-side metal portion MT2is formed of aluminum or an aluminum alloy is exerted on the coils RLand TL, the metal of the power reception-side metal portion MT2may be a metal other than aluminum and the aluminum alloy.

Although the power reception-side metal portion MT2may have any shape, the power reception-side metal portion MT2is assumed to include a metal plate270which has an opening portion271as shown inFIG. 25A. In the reference arrangement state, the metal plate270is parallel to the XY plane. The opening portion271is a hole which is provided in the metal plate270so as to penetrate the metal plate270along the direction of the Z axis, and thus no metal is present in the opening portion271. On the XY plane, the opening portion271forms a closed region, and no contact is present between the opening portion271and the outer periphery of the metal plate270. Hence, in the XY plane, around the opening portion271, an electrical path (current loop) made of aluminum is formed. The opening portion271can be sealed with a material other than metal such as a resin material. The resin material is, for example, polycarbonate or polypropylene.

On the XY plane, the outline shape of the metal plate270is rectangular. However, on the XY plane, the outline shape of the metal plate270is not limited to this shape, and may include a curve or a straight line and a curve may be present together with the outline shape of the metal plate270in a mixed manner. Although here, the shape of the opening portion271on the XY plane can be considered to be a circle (can be three-dimensionally considered to be a cylindrical shape), on the XY plane, the shape of the opening portion271is not limited to the circle, and may be oval or polygonal (such as rectangular) or a straight line and a curve may be present together with the shape of the opening portion271in a mixed manner.

The power reception-side metal portion MT2may include another metal portion in addition to the metal plate270. Specifically, for example, as shown inFIG. 26, when the power reception-side metal portion MT2is a box-shaped metal case CSMT2serving as the enclosure of the electronic device2, the metal plate270forms one surface (bottom surface) of the metal case CSMT2.

However, in the following description and the drawings (includingFIGS. 25A to 25C) referenced in the following description, for simplification of description and illustration, on the power reception-side metal portion MT2, attention is focused on only the metal plate270.FIG. 25Ais a perspective view of the metal plate270in the reference arrangement state, andFIG. 25Bis a transparent view of some components of the power feeding device1and the electronic device2in the reference arrangement state.FIG. 25Cis a plan view of the metal plate270and the power reception-side coil RLin the reference arrangement state when seen in the direction of the Z axis. The opening portion271is provided in an opposite position of the arrangement position of the power reception-side coil RL(the position opposite the arrangement position of the power reception-side coil RL), and in the reference arrangement state, the opening portion271is located between the coils TLand RL, and the coils TLand RLare opposite each other through the opening portion271.

In the XY plane, the size of the opening portion271is larger than the sizes of the coils TLand RL, and when the coil RL, the opening portion271and the coil TLare seen along the direction of the Z axis, the outer peripheries of the coils RLand TLwhich are overlaid on each other are included within the opening portion271. When it is considered that the shape of the opening portion271and the outer peripheral shapes of the coils TLand RLare all circles, the centers of the circles are located on one straight line parallel to the Z axis, and as shown inFIG. 27, the radius r1of the circle serving as the shape of the opening portion271is larger than the radius r2of the circle serving as the outer peripheral shapes of the coils TLand RL. Hence, it is possible to satisfactorily realize the power transfer using the coils TLand RLthough a slight loss is caused. For example, when the radius r1is set 5 mm (millimeters) larger than the radius r2, a ratio of loss with respect to a case where the metal plate270is not present is about 10 to 20%.

The influence of the metal plate270formed of aluminum will be described.

With reference toFIG. 28A, in the reference arrangement state, the power transmission-side coil TLis magnetically coupled to the metal plate270which includes the opening portion271. When an alternating current I1flows through the power transmission-side coil TL, based on the magnetic field generated in the power transmission-side coil TLin this way, by electromagnetic induction, an alternating current I31in a direction opposite to the alternating current I1(that is, whose phase is displaced 180 degrees) flows through the electrical path around the opening portion271within the metal plate270. When a coupling coefficient between the power transmission-side coil TLand the metal plate270is assumed to be K13, the alternating current I31is represented by “I31=K13×I1”.

On the other hand, with reference toFIG. 28B, within the electronic device2, the power reception-side coil RLis also magnetically coupled to the metal plate270which includes the opening portion271. When an alternating current I2flows through the power reception-side coil RL, based on the magnetic field generated in the power reception-side coil RLin this way, by electromagnetic induction, an alternating current I32in a direction opposite to the alternating current I2(that is, whose phase is displaced 180 degrees) flows through the electrical path around the opening portion271within the metal plate270. When a coupling coefficient between the power reception-side coil RLand the metal plate270is assumed to be K23, the alternating current I32is represented by “I32=K23×I2”.

FIG. 28Cshows the currents I1, I2, I31and I32on a complex plane. The alternating current I2is a resonant current which flows through the power reception-side coil RLbased on the alternating current I1, and is represented by “I2=jQK12×I1”. Here, K12is a coupling coefficient between the coils TLand RLin the reference arrangement state, Q is Q in the power reception-side coil RLand j is an imaginary number. The current I2lags in phase with respect to the current I1by 90 degrees.

When the resonant frequency of the resonant circuit TT is considered, the presence of the metal plate270which generates the alternating current I31acts so as to equivalently reduce the inductance of the power transmission-side coil TL(that is, so as to reduce the inductance component of the resonant circuit TT) and consequently acts so as to increase the resonant frequency of the resonant circuit TT.

When the resonant frequency of the resonant circuit RR is considered, the presence of the metal plate270which generates the alternating current I32acts so as to equivalently reduce the inductance of the power reception-side coil RL(that is, so as to reduce the inductance component of the resonant circuit RR) and consequently acts so as to increase the resonant frequency of the resonant circuit RR.

Hence, when the power feeding device1and the electronic device2are designed regardless of the presence of the metal plate270, the resonant frequencies of the resonant circuits TT and RR are displaced from the reference frequency by the presence of the metal plate270(hereinafter, such a displacement is referred to as a resonant frequency shift phenomenon). The resonant frequency shift phenomenon can exert influences such as a decrease in the efficiency of the power transfer utilizing magnetic field resonance.

When an alternating magnetic field is generated in the power transmission-side coil TL, a voltage based on a current which flows through the metal plate270by the magnetic field generated in the power transmission-side coil TLis generated in the power transmission-side coil TL, and the voltage acts so as to increase the amplitude of the current flowing through the power transmission-side coil TL(hereinafter, this increase is referred to as a current amplitude increase phenomenon). Consequently, even when the foreign object3is not present on the power feeding table12, in the pFOD processing or the mFOD processing, the presence of the foreign object may be erroneously recognized. In other words, the metal plate270may be erroneously recognized as the foreign object (since the metal plate270is a constituent component of the electronic device2, it is naturally necessary to prevent the metal plate270from being erroneously recognized as the foreign object). Although it can be considered that in order for such an erroneous recognition to be avoided, the upper limit value in the pFOD normal range or the mFOD normal range is set higher, such a setting leads to the degradation of the detection performance of the foreign object to be actually detected. For example, when attention is focused on the detection of the foreign object3such as a non-contact IC card, in the pFOD processing, it is observed that the current amplitude of the power transmission-side coil TLis lowered by the presence of the foreign object3. However, when the current amplitude of the power transmission-side coil TLis increased by being affected by the metal plate270, such an increase functions as noise in the observation of the lowering of the current amplitude caused by presence of the foreign object3, with the result that the detection of the foreign object3is not easily performed.

Third Embodiment

Hence, in a third embodiment of the present invention, a magnetic member portion MG2which acts so as to cancel the influence of the metal plate270is added to the electronic device2of the second embodiment. In the present embodiment, although the cancelling ideally indicates the complete cancelling of a target to be cancelled, the cancelling also indicates partial cancelling. The third embodiment is an embodiment based on the first and second embodiments, and for items which are not particularly described in the third embodiment, the description of the first and second embodiments is also applied to the third embodiment unless otherwise a contradiction arises (for items which contradict, the description of the third embodiment is prioritized).

The magnetic member portion MG2is formed of an arbitrary magnetic material which indicates high permeability, and is formed of, for example, ferrite. Although an example of the detailed structure will be described later, in the reference arrangement state (that is, when the power feeding device1and the electronic device2are in the predetermined positional relationship for performing the transmission and reception of power), the magnetic member portion MG2is provided in a position which affects at least one of the resonant frequencies of the resonant circuits TT and RR, and thus it is possible to perform the power transfer in a state where the resonant frequencies of the resonant circuits TT and RR are made equal to the reference frequency.

In examples EX3_1 to EX3_5 which belong to the third embodiment, the detailed structure of the magnetic member portion MG2and the like will be described below. Unless otherwise a contradiction arises, items which are described in an arbitrary example among the examples EX3_1 to EX3_5 can also be applied to another arbitrary example.

The example EX3_1 will be described with reference toFIGS. 29A to 29C. In the example EX3_1, as the magnetic member portion MG2, a magnetic member plate (magnetic member within the opening portion)281is provided. Although the magnetic member portion MG2can include another magnetic member portion in addition to the magnetic member plate281, attention is focused on only the magnetic member plate281here. As shown inFIG. 29B, the magnetic member plate281is arranged and fixed within the opening portion271of the metal plate270.FIG. 29Bis a perspective view of the metal plate270in a state where the magnetic member plate281is fixed within the opening portion271, andFIG. 29Ais an exploded perspective view of the magnetic member plate281and the metal plate270. InFIGS. 29A to 29C, for ease of illustration, the magnetic member plate281is expressed by a dotted region.

The magnetic member plate281has substantially the same shape as the opening portion271, and in a state where the magnetic member plate281is fitted into the opening portion271, an adhesive or the like is used to fix the magnetic member plate281within the opening portion271. With a resin sheet (unillustrated) which couples the metal plate270and the magnetic member plate281together, the fixing strength of the magnetic member plate281within the opening portion271may be increased. Since the configuration is adopted in which the magnetic member plate281is fitted into the opening portion271, though the magnetic member plate281has the same cylindrical shape as the shape (here, the cylindrical shape) of the opening portion271, as the shape of the opening portion271is changed, the shape of the magnetic member plate281is changed. As described above, the opening portion271is sealed by the magnetic member plate281, and thus the distribution of air through the opening portion271is prevented or is hardly performed. As shown inFIG. 26, when the power reception-side metal portion MT2is the box-shaped metal case CSMT2serving as the enclosure of the electronic device2, the opening portion271is sealed by the magnetic member plate281, and thus airtightness within the metal case CSMT2is kept, and the strength of the case itself is also assured.

InFIG. 29C, a cross-sectional view (the cross-sectional view of a cross section which passes through the center of the opening portion271and which is parallel to the YZ plane) of the metal plate270and the magnetic member plate281in the state where the magnetic member plate281is fitted into the opening portion271is shown together with the coils TLand RL. In the reference arrangement state, the power transmission-side coil TL, the magnetic member plate281and the power reception-side coil RLare aligned along the Z axis, and a distance between the power transmission-side coil TLand the magnetic member plate281and a distance between the power reception-side coil RLand the magnetic member plate281are represented by d1and d2, respectively.

Each of the metal plate270and the magnetic member plate281has an outside surface and an inside surface parallel to the XY plane, the outside surface of the metal plate270and the outside surface of the magnetic member plate281are located on the same plane (that is, are made flush therewith) and the inside surface of the metal plate270and the inside surface of the magnetic member plate281are located on the same other plane (that is, are made flush therewith). In the metal plate270and the magnetic member plate281, the outside surface is a surface which is closer to the power transmission-side coil TLthan the inside surface, and thus the inside surface is a surface which is closer to the power reception-side coil RLthan the outside surface. The distance d1may be considered to be a distance between the outside surface (or the center) of the magnetic member plate281and the center of the power transmission-side coil TLin the direction of the Z axis. Likewise, the distance d2may be considered to be a distance between the inside surface (or the center) of the magnetic member plate281and the center of the power reception-side coil RLin the direction of the Z axis.

A relationship of currents flowing through the power transmission-side coil TL, the power reception-side coil RL, the metal plate270and the magnetic member plate281will be described. The relationship thereof is schematically shown inFIGS. 30A to 30C.

With reference toFIG. 30A, in the reference arrangement state, the power transmission-side coil TLis magnetically coupled to the metal plate270having the opening portion271, and is also magnetically coupled to the magnetic member plate281. When the alternating current I1flows through the power transmission-side coil TL, based on the magnetic field generated in the power transmission-side coil TLin this way, the alternating current I31in a direction opposite to the alternating current I1(that is, whose phase is displaced 180 degrees) flows through the electrical path around the opening portion271within the metal plate270whereas an alternating current I41in the same direction as the alternating current I1(that is, which has the same phase as the alternating current I1) flows through the magnetic member plate281.

Since the current I41and the current I31are currents whose directions are opposite to each other, the magnetic member plate281provides action opposite to the metal plate270having the opening portion271to the resonant circuit TT. Specifically, contrary to the metal plate270having the opening portion271, the presence of the magnetic member plate281which generates the current I41acts so as to equivalently increase the inductance of the power transmission-side coil TL(that is, so as to increase the inductance component of the resonant circuit TT) and consequently acts so as to reduce the resonant frequency of the resonant circuit TT, and also acts so as to reduce the amplitude of the current flowing through the power transmission-side coil TL.

Since as described above, the magnetic member plate281provides the action opposite to the metal plate270to the resonant circuit TT, it is possible to cancel (reduce), with the magnetic member plate281, the influence on the resonant circuit TT exerted by the presence of the metal plate270. A distance d1REFover which the action of the current I31and the action of the current I41on the resonant circuit TT exactly cancel each other depends on the shape of the opening portion271, the shape of the power transmission-side coil TLand the like so as to be uniquely determined, and here it is assumed that “d1=d1REF”.

With reference toFIG. 30B, within the electronic device2, the power reception-side coil RLis magnetically coupled to the metal plate270having the opening portion271, and is also magnetically coupled to the magnetic member plate281. When the alternating current I2flows through the power reception-side coil RL, based on the magnetic field generated in the power reception-side coil RLin this way, the alternating current I32in a direction opposite to the alternating current I2(that is, whose phase is displaced 180 degrees) flows through the electrical path around the opening portion271within the metal plate270whereas an alternating current I42in the same direction as the alternating current I2(that is, which has the same phase as the alternating current I2) flows through the magnetic member plate281.

Since the current I42and the current I32are currents whose directions are opposite to each other, the magnetic member plate281provides action opposite to the metal plate270having the opening portion271to the resonant circuit RR. Specifically, contrary to the metal plate270having the opening portion271, the presence of the magnetic member plate281which generates the current I42acts so as to equivalently increase the inductance of the power reception-side coil RL(that is, so as to increase the inductance component of the resonant circuit RR) and consequently acts so as to reduce the resonant frequency of the resonant circuit RR, and also acts so as to reduce the amplitude of the current flowing through the power reception-side coil RL.

Since as described above, the magnetic member plate281provides the action opposite to the metal plate270to the resonant circuit RR, it is possible to cancel (reduce), with the magnetic member plate281, the influence on the resonant circuit RR exerted by the presence of the metal plate270. A distance d2REFover which the action of the current I32and the action of the current I42on the resonant circuit RR exactly cancel each other depends on the shape of the opening portion271, the shape of the power reception-side coil RLand the like so as to be uniquely determined, and here it is assumed that “d2=d2REF”.

When as described above, it is assumed that the shapes of the power transmission-side coil TLand the power reception-side coil RLare the same as each other, “d1REF=d2REF” and hence it is assumed that “d=d1=d2”. Specifically, as shown inFIG. 30C, the coil TLand the coil RLare arranged in positions of images by inversion with reference to the magnetic member plate281. Then, in the reference arrangement state, the coil TLand the coil RLare brought into a state as if the metal plate270and the magnetic member plate281were not present. In the electronic device2, the power reception-side coil RLand the metal plate270are fixed within the electronic device2with mechanical components, a substrate and the like which are not illustrated, in the power feeding device1, the power transmission-side coil TLis fixed within the power feeding device1with mechanical components, a substrate and the like which are not illustrated and the enclosures of the power feeding device1and the electronic device2are formed such that in the reference arrangement state, “d1=d1REF=d2=d2REF”.

When the inductance of the power transmission-side coil TLis represented by L1, and the capacitance of the power transmission-side capacitor TCis represented by C1, the resonant frequency f1of the resonant circuit TT which is determined only by L1and C1is 1/(2π(L1C1)1/2) (that is, the reciprocal of a product of 2π and the square root of (L1C1)). When the inductance of the power reception-side coil RLis represented by L2, and the capacitance of the power reception-side capacitor RCis represented by C2, the resonant frequency f2of the resonant circuit RR which is determined only by L2and C2is 1/(2π(L2C2)1/2) (that is, the reciprocal of a product of 2π and the square root of (L2C2)). In the example EX3_1, as in the first embodiment, the resonant frequency f1of the resonant circuit TT and the resonant frequency f2of the resonant circuit RR (in the first embodiment, represented by the symbol fO) are set to the predetermined reference frequency (13.56 MHz).

With consideration given to the influence of aluminum and/or ferrite, the resonant frequency of the resonant circuit RR can be changed from the frequency f2but when the metal plate270and the magnetic member plate281are arranged in the position of a distance d seen from the power reception-side coil RL, the resonant frequency of the resonant circuit RR is not changed from the reference frequency. Even when in this state, the power transmission-side coil TLis placed in the position of the distance d with respect to the metal plate270, the resonant frequency of the resonant circuit TT is not changed from the reference frequency. In other words, for the power transfer between the resonant circuits TT and RR, the metal plate270and the magnetic member plate281can be regarded as being not present except that they produce a slight loss.

In the configuration of the example EX3_1, a change in the resonant frequency of the resonant circuit RR caused by the presence of the metal plate270is cancelled (reduced) by the magnetic member plate281, and a change in the resonant frequency of the resonant circuit TT caused by the presence of the metal plate270in the reference arrangement state is cancelled (reduced) by the magnetic member plate281, with the result that the influence based on the resonant frequency shift phenomenon is cancelled. An increase in the current amplitude of the power transmission-side coil TLcaused by the presence of the metal plate270is cancelled (reduced) by the action of the magnetic member plate281, and thus the influence based on the current amplitude increase phenomenon is also cancelled.

When the shapes of the coils TLand RLare made the same as each other such that the degree of magnetic coupling between the coils TLand RLis enhanced, the distance d1(=d1REF) and the distance d2(=d2REF) are set to the same distance d, and thus the effect of the cancelling described above is optimized.

However, when the shapes of the coils TLand RLare different from each other, the distance d1(=d1REF) and the distance d2(=d2REF) are different from each other. Although the cancelling effect is reduced, the distance d1may be slightly displaced from the distance d1REF, and the distance d2may be slightly displaced from the distance d2REF(and consequently, “d1≠d2” may hold true).

The sealing of the opening portion271which is necessary in terms of ensuring the mechanical strength, the airtightness or the like of the electronic device2is realized by the magnetic member plate281, and thus it is not necessary to additionally perform sealing processing on the opening portion271with a resin material or the like, with the result that the configuration and the manufacturing of the electronic device2are simplified and facilitated.

However, the magnetic member plate281can also be made to have the shape of a ring which has a hole portion that penetrates along the direction of the Z axis. However, in this case, since it is necessary to perform sealing processing on the hole portion with a resin material or the like, the hole portion is preferably prevented from being provided in the magnetic member plate281.

Since the magnetic member plate281is arranged such that the outside surface and the inside surface thereof are flush with the outside surface and the inside surface of the metal plate270, the influence of the metal plate270and the magnetic member plate281on the power reception-side coil RLand the influence of the metal plate270and the magnetic member plate281on the power transmission-side coil TLcan be easily and reliably made equal to each other, and when the enclosure of the electronic device2is formed with the metal plate270, a step which can provide an uncomfortable feeling to a user of the electronic device2is prevented from being formed.

However, in particular, for example, when the enclosure of the electronic device2is not formed with the metal plate270(when the metal plate270is not located in the outermost periphery of the electronic device2), it is not always necessary that the magnetic member plate281be arranged so as to be flush with the outside surface of the metal plate270, and moreover, it is not always necessary that the magnetic member plate281be arranged so as to be flush with the inside surface of the metal plate270.

The example EX3_2 will be described. As described above, the metal plate270having the opening portion271changes the resonant circuits TT and RR so as to increase the resonant frequencies thereof. In order to cancel the change so as to keep the resonant frequencies of the resonant circuits TT and RR at the reference frequency, magnetic member plates are preferably provided in the vicinity of the power transmission-side coil TLand the power reception-side coil RL, respectively. To keep the resonant frequencies at the reference frequency by cancelling a change in the resonant frequency from the reference frequency caused by the presence of the metal plate270is referred to as “neutralization” here. In the example EX3_2, the magnetic member plate is provided in the vicinity of the power reception-side coil RL, and thus the neutralization is performed only on the resonant circuit RR.

FIGS. 31A and 31Bare referenced. In the example EX3_2, as the magnetic member portion MG2, a magnetic member plate282is provided. In the present specification, the magnetic member plate may be one that is referred to as a magnetic member sheet whose thickness is thin, and this configuration is not limited to the present example. Although the magnetic member portion MG2can include another magnetic member portion in addition to the magnetic member plate282, attention is focused on only the magnetic member plate282here. The magnetic member plate282acts so as to cancel a change in the resonant frequency of the resonant circuit RR from the reference frequency caused by the presence of the metal plate270and thereby keep the resonant frequency at the reference frequency. Hence, the resonant frequency f2of the resonant circuit RR which is determined only by the inductance L2of the power reception-side coil RLand the capacitance C2of the power reception-side capacitor RCmay be set to the reference frequency.

FIG. 31Ais a perspective view of the magnetic member plate282, the power reception-side coil RL, the metal plate270and the power transmission-side coil TLin the reference arrangement state. InFIG. 31B, a cross-sectional view (the cross-sectional view of a cross section which passes through the center of the opening portion271and which is parallel to the YZ plane) of the metal plate270and the magnetic member plate282is shown together with the coils TLand RL. InFIGS. 31A and 31B, the magnetic member plate282is expressed by a dotted region. Although the opening portion271is actually sealed with a resin material or the like, the state of the sealing is not shown inFIGS. 31A and 31B.

The magnetic member plate282is a magnetic member which has a circular outline shape on the XY plane. However, the outline shape of the magnetic member plate282on the XY plane can be arbitrarily changed. For example, the outline shape may be oval or polygonal. In the magnetic member plate282, a hole portion which penetrates in the direction of the Z axis may be provided. The power reception-side coil RL, the magnetic member plate282and the metal plate270are fixed within the electronic device2with mechanical components, a substrate and the like which are not illustrated such that in the electronic device2, the power reception-side coil RLis located between the magnetic member plate282and the metal plate270(in other words, a plane in which the power reception-side coil RLis arranged is located between a plane in which the magnetic member plate282is arranged and a plane in which the metal plate270is arranged).

A relationship of currents flowing through the power transmission-side coil TL, the power reception-side coil RL, the metal plate270and the magnetic member plate282will be described. The relationship thereof is schematically shown inFIGS. 32A and 32B.

With reference toFIG. 32A, within the electronic device2, the power reception-side coil RLis magnetically coupled to the metal plate270having the opening portion271, and is also magnetically coupled to the magnetic member plate281. Based on the magnetic field generated in the power transmission-side coil TLas a result of the alternating current I1flowing through the power transmission-side coil TL, the alternating current I2flows through the power reception-side coil RL. Then, based on the magnetic field generated in the power reception-side coil RLas a result of the flow of the alternating current I2, the alternating current I32in a direction opposite to the alternating current I2(that is, whose phase is displaced 180 degrees) flows through the electrical path around the opening portion271within the metal plate270whereas the alternating current I42in the same direction as the alternating current I2(that is, which has the same phase as the alternating current I2) flows through the magnetic member plate282.

FIG. 32Bshows the currents I1, I2, I32and I42on a complex plane. The relationship of the currents I1, I2and I32is as already described (seeFIG. 28C). When a coupling coefficient between the power reception-side coil RLand the magnetic member plate282is assumed to be K24, the alternating current I42is represented by “I42=K24×I2”.

Since the current I42and the current I32are currents whose directions are opposite to each other, the magnetic member plate282provides action opposite to the metal plate270having the opening portion271to the resonant circuit RR. Specifically, contrary to the metal plate270having the opening portion271, the presence of the magnetic member plate282which generates the current I42acts so as to equivalently increase the inductance of the power reception-side coil RL(that is, so as to increase the inductance component of the resonant circuit RR) and consequently acts so as to reduce the resonant frequency of the resonant circuit RR, and also acts so as to reduce the amplitude of the current flowing through the power reception-side coil RL.

Since as described above, the magnetic member plate282provides the action opposite to the metal plate270to the resonant circuit RR, it is possible to cancel (reduce), with the magnetic member plate282, the influence on the resonant circuit RR exerted by the presence of the metal plate270. The shape, the arrangement position and the like of the magnetic member plate282are determined according to the shape of the opening portion271, the shape of the power reception-side coil RLand the like such that the action of the current I32and the action of the current I42on the resonant circuit RR exactly cancel each other, that is, the neutralization on the resonant circuit RR is realized.

The neutralization on the resonant circuit RR is performed regardless of the position of the power transmission-side coil TL, and the power transmission-side coil TLis significantly affected by the metal plate270which is located relatively closer thereto than the magnetic member plate282. With consideration given to this fact, the resonant frequency f1of the resonant circuit TT determined only by the inductance L1of the power transmission-side coil TLand the capacitance C1of the power transmission-side capacitor TCin the separate state is set to a predetermined frequency (for example, 13 MHz) lower than the reference frequency such that the resonant frequency of the resonant circuit TT is increased by being affected by the metal plate270in the reference arrangement state (or by being affected by the metal plate270and the magnetic member plate282) and that consequently, the resonant frequency of the resonant circuit TT is the reference frequency. In this way, the power transfer is performed in a state where the resonant frequencies of the resonant circuits TT and RR are set to the reference frequency, and thus the influence based on the resonant frequency shift phenomenon is cancelled. However, since an increase in the current amplitude of the power transmission-side coil TLcaused by the presence of the metal plate270is not cancelled, in terms of the cancellation of the influence based on the current amplitude increase phenomenon, the example EX3_1 is preferable.

The magnetic member plate282may also be used for a magnetic field interruption application for an integrated circuit and the like. As shown inFIG. 33, in the electronic device2, a substrate SUB is provided on which an electronic circuit EL including an integrated circuit such as a power reception-side IC200is mounted. The electronic circuit EL is arranged on the side opposite to the magnetic member plate282when seen from the power reception-side coil RL. In other words, the magnetic member plate282is inserted between the electronic circuit EL including the integrated circuit and the power reception-side coil RL. More specifically, for example, the electronic circuit EL including the integrated circuit is mounted on the component surface of the substrate SUB, and on the surface opposite to the component surface of the substrate SUB, the magnetic member plate (magnetic member sheet)282is adhered. In this way, the magnetic field which is generated in the coil RLor TLand which is not necessary for the operation of the electronic circuit EL is absorbed in the magnetic member plate282, and this contributes to the reduction of an erroneous operation and the like of the electronic circuit EL. If in order to reduce an erroneous operation and the like of the electronic circuit EL, it is originally necessary to insert the magnetic member plate (magnetic member sheet) between the electronic circuit EL and the power reception-side coil RL, it can be said that the magnetic member plate (magnetic member sheet) is also used for the neutralization on the resonant circuit RR.

In the electronic device2, the power reception-side coil RL, the metal plate270and the magnetic member plate282are fixed within the electronic device2with mechanical components, a substrate and the like which are not illustrated, in the power feeding device1, the power transmission-side coil TLis fixed within the power feeding device1with mechanical components, a substrate and the like which are not illustrated and the enclosures of the power feeding device1and the electronic device2are formed such that the details described above in the example EX3_2 are realized.

The example EX3_3 will be described. In the example EX3_3, in the reference arrangement state, the magnetic member plate is inserted between the metal plate270and the power transmission-side coil TLsuch that the neutralization is performed on the resonant circuit TT.

FIGS. 34A and 34Bare referenced. In the example EX3_3 and the example EX3_4 which will be described later, the shape of the opening portion271on the XY plane is assumed to be rectangular. When the shape of the opening portion271is assumed to be rectangular, the outer peripheral shapes of the coils TLand RLmay also be rectangular. In the example EX3_3, as the magnetic member portion MG2, a magnetic member plate283(which may be the magnetic member sheet as described previously) is provided. Although the magnetic member portion MG2can include another magnetic member portion in addition to the magnetic member plate283, attention is focused on only the magnetic member plate283here. In the reference arrangement state, the magnetic member plate283acts so as to cancel a change in the resonant frequency of the resonant circuit TT from the reference frequency caused by the presence of the metal plate270and thereby keep the resonant frequency at the reference frequency. Hence, the resonant frequency f1of the resonant circuit TT determined only by the inductance L1of the power transmission-side coil TLand the capacitance C1of the power transmission-side capacitor TCmay be set to the reference frequency.

FIG. 34Ais a plan view of the metal plate270and the magnetic member plate283when the metal plate270is seen along the direction of the Z axis from the side opposite to the power reception-side coil RL. InFIG. 34A, the coil RLis also shown. InFIG. 34A, for simplification of illustration and for prevention of complication thereof, the winding of the coil RLis expressed by double rectangles, and a line segment which is extended laterally from the double rectangles indicates the lead wire of the coil (the same is true forFIG. 36and the like which will be described later). InFIG. 34B, a cross-sectional view (the cross-sectional view of a cross section which passes through the center of the opening portion271and which is parallel to the YZ plane) of the metal plate270and the magnetic member plate283is shown together with the coils TLand RL. InFIGS. 34A and 34B, the magnetic member plate283is expressed by a dotted region. Although the opening portion271is actually sealed with a resin material or the like, the state of the sealing is not shown inFIGS. 34A and 34B.

The magnetic member plate283is a magnetic member plate in a rectangular shape (rectangular shape having hollow) which is adhered to the outside surface of the metal plate270so as to cover part of the metal plate270around the opening portion271. As previously described, in the metal plate270, the outside surface is closer to the power transmission-side coil TLthan the inside surface, and thus the inside surface is closer to the power reception-side coil RLthan the outside surface. As with the metal plate270, the magnetic member plate283includes an opening portion, and on the XY plane, within the opening portion of the magnetic member plate283, the opening portion271of the metal plate270is present. The outline shape of the magnetic member plate283shown here is simply illustrative, and for example, the outline shape of the magnetic member plate283may include a curve (may include a circle, an oval or the like). The opening portion does not need to be present in the magnetic member plate283.

As is clear from the positional relationship described previously, the metal plate270is arranged between the power reception-side coil RLand the magnetic member plate283(in other words, a plane in which the metal plate270is arranged is located between a plane in which the power reception-side coil RLis arranged and a plane in which the magnetic member plate283is arranged), and in the reference arrangement state, the magnetic member plate283is arranged between the metal plate270and the power transmission-side coil TL(in other words, in the reference arrangement state, the plane in which the magnetic member plate283is arranged between the plane in which the metal plate270is arranged and the plane in which the power transmission-side coil TLis arranged).

A relationship of currents flowing through the power transmission-side coil TL, the metal plate270and the magnetic member plate283will be described. The relationship thereof is schematically shown inFIG. 35. In the reference arrangement state, the power transmission-side coil TLis magnetically coupled to the metal plate270having the opening portion271, and is also magnetically coupled to the magnetic member plate283. When the alternating current I1flows through the power transmission-side coil TL, based on the magnetic field generated in the power transmission-side coil TLin this way, the alternating current I31in a direction opposite to the alternating current I1(that is, whose phase is displaced 180 degrees) flows through the electrical path around the opening portion271within the metal plate270whereas an alternating current I41in the same direction as the alternating current I1(that is, which has the same phase as the alternating current I1) flows through the magnetic member plate283.

Since the current I41and the current I31are currents whose directions are opposite to each other, the magnetic member plate283provides action opposite to the metal plate270having the opening portion271to the resonant circuit TT. Specifically, contrary to the metal plate270having the opening portion271, the presence of the magnetic member plate283which generates the current I41acts so as to equivalently increase the inductance of the power transmission-side coil TL(that is, so as to increase the inductance component of the resonant circuit TT) and consequently acts so as to reduce the resonant frequency of the resonant circuit TT, and also acts so as to reduce the amplitude of the current flowing through the power transmission-side coil TL.

Since as described above, the magnetic member plate283provides the action opposite to the metal plate270to the resonant circuit TT, it is possible to cancel (reduce), with the magnetic member plate283, the influence on the resonant circuit TT exerted by the presence of the metal plate270. The shape, the arrangement position and the like of the magnetic member plate283are determined according to the shape of the opening portion271, the shape of the power transmission-side coil TLand the like such that the action of the current I31and the action of the current I41on the resonant circuit TT exactly cancel each other, that is, the neutralization on the resonant circuit TT is realized.

If the entire outside surface of the metal plate270is covered with the magnetic member plate283, the power transmission-side coil TLis hardly affected by the metal plate270whereas the power transmission-side coil TLis unnecessarily affected by the magnetic member plate283. Hence, part of the metal plate270is covered with the magnetic member plate283. Here, preferably, a ratio between the area of the part of the outside surface of the metal plate270which is covered with the magnetic member plate283and the area of the part of the outside surface of the metal plate270which is not covered with the magnetic member plate283is determined, and the shape of the magnetic member plate283and the position in which the magnetic member plate283is adhered are determined such that the action of the metal plate270on the resonant circuit TT is exactly cancelled by the action of the magnetic member plate283. For example, when the metal plate270is formed of aluminum, and the magnetic member plate283is formed of ferrite, with consideration given to the fact that the increase property of the inductance of the power transmission-side coil TLcaused by the ferrite is greater than the reduction property of the inductance of the power transmission-side coil TLcaused by the aluminum, the area ratio described above is preferably determined through appropriate experiments and the like.

In the configuration of the example EX3_3, an increase in the current amplitude of the power transmission-side coil TLcaused by the presence of the metal plate270can be cancelled (reduced) by the magnetic member plate283, and thus the influence based on the current amplitude increase phenomenon is cancelled.

On the other hand, the power reception-side coil RLis significantly affected by the metal plate270which is located relatively closer thereto than the magnetic member plate283. As shown inFIGS. 34A and 34B, when the magnetic member plate283is provided on the outside surface of the metal plate270, the influence of the magnetic member plate283on the power reception-side coil RLis small enough to be ignored. With consideration given to this fact, the resonant frequency f2of the resonant circuit RR determined only by the inductance L2of the power reception-side coil RLand the capacitance C2of the power reception-side capacitor TCis set to a predetermined frequency (for example, 13 MHz) lower than the reference frequency such that the resonant frequency of the resonant circuit RR is increased by being affected by the metal plate270(or by being affected by the metal plate270and the magnetic member plate283) and that consequently, the resonant frequency of the resonant circuit RR is the reference frequency. In this way, the power transfer is performed in a state where the resonant frequencies of the resonant circuits TT and RR are set to the reference frequency, and thus the influence based on the resonant frequency shift phenomenon is also cancelled.

Although here, it is assumed that the magnetic member plate283is in contact with the outside surface of the metal plate270, that is, that the distance between the magnetic member plate283and the outside surface of the metal plate270is zero, the arrangement position of the magnetic member plate283can also be shifted such that the distance has a predetermined positive value (the magnetic member plate283can also be shifted in a direction away from the power reception-side coil RL).

FIG. 36is a plan view of the metal plate270and the magnetic member plate283when the metal plate270is seen along the direction of the Z axis from the side opposite to the power reception-side coil RL, and is a diagram showing another example of the configuration of the magnetic member plate283. InFIG. 36, the coil RLis also shown. In the example ofFIG. 36, the magnetic member plate283is formed with magnetic member plates283a,283band283cwhich are separated from each other. Each of the magnetic member plates283a,283band283cis a magnetic member plate in a rectangular shape (rectangular shape having hollow) which is adhered to the outside surface of the metal plate270with the opening portion271in the center. In the XY plane, the sizes of the magnetic member plates283a,283band283care different from each other, the size of the magnetic member plate283ais the largest and the size of the magnetic member plate283cis the smallest. More specifically, in the XY plane, each of the magnetic member plates283ato283cis a rectangular magnetic member plate which has an opening portion, the magnetic member plate283bis arranged within the opening portion of the magnetic member plate283a, the magnetic member plate283cis arranged within the opening portion of the magnetic member plate283band the opening portion of the magnetic member plate283ccoincides with the opening portion271of the metal plate270(or although a configuration is different from the configuration shown inFIG. 36, the opening portion271of the metal plate270is located within the opening portion of the magnetic member plate283c).

The shapes of the magnetic member plate283shown inFIGS. 34A and 34BandFIG. 36are simply illustrative, and the shape can be changed variously. For example, instead of adhering the seamless magnetic member plate in a rectangular shape (rectangular shape having hollow) as described previously on the metal plate270, a plurality of strip-shaped (that is, rectangular) magnetic member plates may be adhered to the outside surface of the metal plate270such that the strip-shaped magnetic member plates are aligned as a whole in a rectangular shape (rectangular shape having hollow) on the metal plate270.

In the electronic device2, the power reception-side coil RL, the metal plate270and the magnetic member plate283are fixed within the electronic device2with mechanical components, a substrate and the like which are not illustrated, in the power feeding device1, the power transmission-side coil TLis fixed within the power feeding device1with mechanical components, a substrate and the like which are not illustrated and the enclosures of the power feeding device1and the electronic device2are formed such that the details described above in the example EX3_3 are realized.

The example EX3_4 will be described. In the example EX3_4, the magnetic member plate is inserted between the power reception-side coil RLand the metal plate270such that the neutralization is performed on the resonant circuit RR.

FIGS. 37A and 37Bare referenced. In the example EX3_4, as the magnetic member portion MG2, a magnetic member plate284(which may be the magnetic member sheet as described previously) is provided. Although the magnetic member portion MG2can include another magnetic member portion in addition to the magnetic member plate284, attention is focused on only the magnetic member plate284here. The magnetic member plate284acts so as to cancel a change in the resonant frequency of the resonant circuit RR from the reference frequency caused by the presence of the metal plate270in the electronic device2and thereby keep the resonant frequency at the reference frequency. Hence, the resonant frequency f2of the resonant circuit RR determined only by the inductance L2of the power reception-side coil RLand the capacitance C2of the power reception-side capacitor RCmay be set to the reference frequency.

FIG. 37Ais a plan view of the metal plate270and the magnetic member plate284when the metal plate270is seen along the direction of the Z axis from the side on which the power reception-side coil RLis present. InFIG. 37A, the coil RLis also shown. InFIG. 37B, a cross-sectional view (the cross-sectional view of a cross section which passes through the center of the opening portion271and which is parallel to the YZ plane) of the metal plate270and the magnetic member plate284is shown together with the coils TLand RL. InFIGS. 37A and 37B, the magnetic member plate284is expressed by a dotted region. Although the opening portion271is actually sealed with a resin material or the like, the state of the sealing is not shown inFIGS. 37A and 37B.

The magnetic member plate284is a magnetic member plate in a rectangular shape (rectangular shape having hollow) which is adhered to the inside surface of the metal plate270so as to cover part of the metal plate270around the opening portion271. As already described, in the metal plate270, the inside surface is closer to the power reception-side coil RLthan the outside surface. As with the metal plate270, the magnetic member plate284includes an opening portion, and on the XY plane, within the opening portion of the magnetic member plate284, the opening portion271of the metal plate270is present. The outline shape of the magnetic member plate284shown here is simply illustrative, and for example, the outline shape of the magnetic member plate284may include a curve (may include a circle, an oval or the like). The opening portion does not need to be present in the magnetic member plate284.

As is clear from the positional relationship described previously, the magnetic member plate284is arranged between the power reception-side coil RLand the metal plate270(in other words, a plane in which the magnetic member plate284is arranged is located between a plane in which the power reception-side coil RLis arranged and a plane in which the metal plate270is arranged).

A relationship of currents flowing through the power reception-side coil RL, the metal plate270and the magnetic member plate284will be described. The relationship thereof is schematically shown inFIG. 38. Within the electronic device2, the power reception-side coil RLis magnetically coupled to the metal plate270having the opening portion271, and is also magnetically coupled to the magnetic member plate284. Then, when the alternating current I2flows through the power reception-side coil RL, based on the magnetic field generated in the power reception-side coil RLas a result of the alternating current I2flowing through the power reception-side coil RL, the alternating current I32in a direction opposite to the alternating current I2(that is, whose phase is displaced 180 degrees) flows through the electrical path around the opening portion271within the metal plate270whereas the alternating current I42in the same direction as the alternating current I2(that is, which has the same phase as the alternating current I2) flows through the magnetic member plate284.

Since the current I42and the current I32are currents whose directions are opposite to each other, the magnetic member plate284provides action opposite to the metal plate270having the opening portion271to the resonant circuit RR. Specifically, contrary to the metal plate270having the opening portion271, the presence of the magnetic member plate284which generates the current I42acts so as to equivalently increase the inductance of the power reception-side coil RL(that is, so as to increase the inductance component of the resonant circuit RR) and consequently acts so as to reduce the resonant frequency of the resonant circuit RR, and also acts so as to reduce the amplitude of the current flowing through the power reception-side coil RL.

Since as described above, the magnetic member plate284provides the action opposite to the metal plate270to the resonant circuit RR, it is possible to cancel (reduce), with the magnetic member plate284, the influence on the resonant circuit RR exerted by the presence of the metal plate270. The shape, the arrangement position and the like of the magnetic member plate284are determined according to the shape of the opening portion271, the shape of the power reception-side coil RLand the like such that the action of the current I32and the action of the current I42on the resonant circuit RR exactly cancel each other, that is, the neutralization on the resonant circuit RR is realized.

If the entire inside surface of the metal plate270is covered with the magnetic member plate284, the power reception-side coil RLis hardly affected by the metal plate270whereas the power reception-side coil RLis unnecessarily affected by the magnetic member plate284. Hence, part of the metal plate270is covered with the magnetic member plate284. Here, preferably, a ratio between the area of the part of the inside surface of the metal plate270which is covered with the magnetic member plate284and the area of the part of the inside surface of the metal plate270which is not covered with the magnetic member plate284is determined, and the shape of the magnetic member plate284and the position in which the magnetic member plate284is adhered are determined such that the action of the metal plate270on the resonant circuit RR is exactly cancelled by the action of the magnetic member plate284. For example, when the metal plate270is formed of aluminum, and the magnetic member plate284is formed of ferrite, with consideration given to the fact that the increase property of the inductance of the power reception-side coil RLcaused by the ferrite is greater than the reduction property of the inductance of the power reception-side coil RLcaused by the aluminum, the area ratio described above is preferably determined through appropriate experiments and the like.

On the other hand, the power transmission-side coil TLis significantly affected by the metal plate270which is located relatively closer thereto than the magnetic member plate284. As shown inFIGS. 37A and 37B, when the magnetic member plate284is provided on the inside surface of the metal plate270, the influence of the magnetic member plate284on the power transmission-side coil TLis small enough to be ignored. With consideration given to this fact, the resonant frequency f1of the resonant circuit TT determined only by the inductance L1of the power transmission-side coil TLand the capacitance C1of the power transmission-side capacitor TCin the separate state is set to a predetermined frequency (for example, 13 MHz) lower than the reference frequency such that the resonant frequency of the resonant circuit TT is increased by being affected by the metal plate270in the reference arrangement state (or by being affected by the metal plate270and the magnetic member plate284) and that consequently, the resonant frequency of the resonant circuit TT is the reference frequency. In this way, the power transfer is performed in a state where the resonant frequencies of the resonant circuits TT and RR are set to the reference frequency, and thus the influence based on the resonant frequency shift phenomenon is cancelled. However, since an increase in the current amplitude of the power transmission-side coil TLcaused by the presence of the metal plate270is not cancelled, in terms of the cancellation of the influence based on the current amplitude increase phenomenon, the example EX3_1 or EX3_3 is preferable.

Although here, it is assumed that the magnetic member plate284is in contact with the inside surface of the metal plate270, that is, that the distance between the magnetic member plate284and the inside surface of the metal plate270is zero, the arrangement position of the magnetic member plate284can also be shifted such that the distance has a predetermined positive value (the magnetic member plate284can also be shifted in a direction approaching the power reception-side coil RL). As in the example EX3_3, the magnetic member plate283shown inFIG. 34Acan be deformed into the magnetic member plate inFIG. 36, the magnetic member plate284may be formed with a plurality of magnetic member plates which are separated from each other.

The shapes of the magnetic member plate284shown here are simply illustrative, and the shape can be changed variously. For example, instead of adhering the seamless magnetic member plate in a rectangular shape (rectangular shape having hollow) as described previously on the metal plate270, a plurality of strip-shaped (that is, rectangular) magnetic member plates may be adhered to the inside surface of the metal plate270such that the strip-shaped magnetic member plates are aligned as a whole in a rectangular shape (rectangular shape having hollow) on the metal plate270.

In the electronic device2, the power reception-side coil RL, the metal plate270and the magnetic member plate284are fixed within the electronic device2with mechanical components, a substrate and the like which are not illustrated, in the power feeding device1, the power transmission-side coil TLis fixed within the power feeding device1with mechanical components, a substrate and the like which are not illustrated and the enclosures of the power feeding device1and the electronic device2are formed such that the details described above in the example EX3_4 are realized.

The example EX3_5 will be described. In the example EX3_5, an initial setting environment (FIG. 13) in a non-contact power feeding system of the third embodiment will be described.

In the examples EX3_2 and EX3_4, in the reference arrangement state, the resonant frequency of the resonant circuit TT is affected by the metal plate270so as to be equal to the reference frequency, and in the separate state where the resonant frequency of the resonant circuit TT is not affected by the metal plate270, the resonant frequency of the resonant circuit TT is lower than the reference frequency. Hence, in the examples EX3_2 and EX3_4, the initial setting environment described in the first embodiment is preferably replaced by a variation initial setting environment below (this replacement may also be applied to the examples EX3_1 and EX3_3). In the variation initial setting environment, in the reference arrangement state, the electronic device2is placed on the power feeding table12, and in the electronic device2, the fOchange/short circuit operation is continuously performed.

«Second Consideration on the Present Invention»

The present invention embodied in the embodiments described above (in particular, the third embodiment) will be considered.

A power reception device WB1according to one aspect of the present invention which can receive, from a power transmission device having a power transmission-side resonant circuit (TT) including a power transmission-side coil (TL) that transmits power, the power by a magnetic field resonance method includes: a power reception-side resonant circuit (RR) that includes a power reception-side coil (RL) that receives the power; and a metal portion (MT2) that includes a metal plate (270) in which an opening portion (271) is provided in a position opposite the arrangement position of the power reception-side coil, where when the power transmission device and the power reception device are in a predetermined positional relationship for performing the transmission and reception of the power, the opening portion is located between the power transmission-side coil and the power reception-side coil, and a magnetic member portion is provided in such a position as to affect at least one of a resonant frequency of the power reception-side resonant circuit and a resonant frequency of the power transmission-side resonant circuit.

In terms of a mechanical strength, a texture improvement or the like, the metal portion which includes the metal plate can be provided in the power reception device. Although here, the metal plate which includes the opening portion acts so as to produce changes in the resonant frequencies of the resonant circuits through magnetic coupling to the coil, the magnetic member portion is provided, and thus it is possible to cancel the changes, with the result that it is possible to perform the desired transmission and reception of the power by the magnetic field resonance method.

A non-contact power feeding system WB2according to one aspect of the present invention includes: the power reception device WB1; and the power transmission device which has the power transmission-side resonant circuit including the power transmission-side coil that transmits the power, where the transmission and reception of the power can be performed by the magnetic field resonance method.

Specifically, for example, preferably, in the non-contact power feeding system WB2, the power transmission device includes: a power transmission circuit which can supply an alternating current voltage to the power transmission-side resonant circuit; a detection circuit which detects the amplitude of a current flowing through the power transmission-side coil; and a control circuit which performs power transmission control on the power by controlling the power transmission circuit based on the amplitude detection value of the detection circuit.

For example, preferably, the power reception device WB1includes a change/short circuit which changes the resonant frequency of the power reception-side resonant circuit from a resonant frequency when the power is received or short-circuits the power reception-side coil before the reception of the power from the power transmission device, the control circuit includes: a first processing portion which controls the power transmission circuit such that in a state where the power reception device changes the resonant frequency of the power reception-side resonant circuit or short-circuits the power reception-side coil according to a signal provided by communication from the power transmission device, a predetermined test magnetic field is generated in the power transmission-side coil before the transmission of the power; a second processing portion which determines, based on the amplitude detection value of the detection circuit when the test magnetic field is generated, whether or not the power transmission can be performed; and a third processing portion which realizes the power transmission by controlling the power transmission circuit such that after it is determined that the power transmission can be performed, a power transmission magnetic field larger than the test magnetic field is generated in the power transmission-side coil and based on the magnetic field generated in the power transmission-side coil, currents in directions opposite to each other flow through the metal plate and the magnetic member portion.

The current based on the magnetic field generated in the power transmission-side coil flows through the metal plate having the opening portion, and the current flowing through the metal plate generates a voltage in the power transmission-side coil so as to produce a change in the current amplitude of the power transmission-side coil. On the other hand, although the current based on the magnetic field generated in the power transmission-side coil also flows through the magnetic member portion, the direction (phase) of the current of the magnetic member portion is opposite to the direction of the metal plate. Hence, the change in the current amplitude of the power transmission-side coil caused by the presence of the metal plate can be cancelled by the magnetic member portion, with the result that it is possible to ensure the accuracy of a determination as to whether or not the power transmission utilizing the current amplitude of the power transmission-side coil can be performed.

The power feeding device1itself in each of the embodiments described above may function as the power transmission device according to the present invention or part of the power feeding device1in each of the embodiments described above may function as the power transmission device according to the present invention. Likewise, the electronic device2itself in each of the embodiments described above may function as the power reception device according to the present invention or part of the electronic device2in each of the embodiments described above may function as the power reception device according to the present invention.

Fourth Embodiment

A fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described. In the fourth embodiment of the present invention, a slit portion is additionally formed in the metal plate270of the second embodiment so as to reduce the occurrence of the resonant frequency shift phenomenon and the current amplitude increase phenomenon, and thus the influences based on the phenomena are cancelled or reduced. The slit portion is formed from the opening portion271toward the outer periphery of the metal plate270. The fourth embodiment is an embodiment based on the first and second embodiments, and for items which are not particularly described in the fourth embodiment, the description of the first and second embodiments is also applied to the fourth embodiment unless otherwise a contradiction arises (for items which contradict, the description of the fourth embodiment is prioritized).

In examples EX4_1 to EX4_3 which belong to the fourth embodiment, the detailed structure of the slit portion and the like will be described below. Unless otherwise a contradiction arises, items which are described in an arbitrary example among the examples EX4_1 to EX4_3 can also be applied to another arbitrary example.

The example EX4_1 will be described. In the example EX4_1, the slit portion which is provided in the metal plate270includes a cut slit which is extended from the opening portion271to the outer periphery of the metal plate270.

With reference toFIGS. 39A and 39B, in the example EX4_1, as the metal plate270, two metal plates270A and270B are provided. The opening portions271in the metal plates270A and270B are respectively identified with symbols271A and271B. In the electronic device2according to the example EX4_1, an insulating plate280which is formed of an insulting member such as a resin material or rubber is provided, and as shown inFIG. 39B, the metal plates270A and270B are coupled to each other through the insulating plate280while the insulating state is maintained.

FIG. 39Ais an exploded perspective view of the metal plate270A, the insulating plate280and the metal plate270B.FIG. 39Bis a perspective view of the metal plate270A, the insulating plate280and the metal plate270B in a state where the metal plate270A, the insulating plate280and the metal plate270B are coupled.

In the reference arrangement state, the metal plates270A and270B are parallel to the XY plane. The opening portions271A and271B are respectively holes which are provided in the metal plates270A and270B so as to penetrate in the direction of the Z axis, and thus no metal is present in the opening portions271A and271B.

Although the shape of the insulating plate280is arbitrary as long as it is possible to realize the insulating state between the metal plate270A and the metal plate270B, it is assumed here that the outline shape of the insulating plate280on the XY plane is the same as the outline shapes of the metal plate270A and the metal plate270B. In the insulating plate280, an opening portion280H which has the same shape and size as the opening portions271A and271B is provided, and when the outer peripheral shapes of the opening portions271A, the280H and271B are projected on the XY plane, the outer peripheral shapes thereof are overlaid on each other. Since here, the outer peripheral shapes of the opening portions271A and271B are assumed to be circles, the outer peripheral shape of the opening portion280H is also a circle. However, as described in the second embodiment, the outer peripheral shapes thereof are not limited to circles. In the insulating plate280, the opening portion280H does not need to be provided.

In the metal plate270A, a cut slit272A is provided which is extended from a predetermined position of the outer periphery of the opening portion271A to the outer periphery of the metal plate270A. The cut slit272A is a linear hole which is provided in the metal plate270A, which penetrates in the direction of the Z axis and which has a predetermined width. Since the portion between the outer peripheries of the opening portion271A and the metal plate270A is completely cut by the cut slit272A, the electrical path (current loop) is not formed around the opening portion271A.

In the metal plate270B, a cut slit272B is provided which is extended from a predetermined position of the outer periphery of the opening portion271B to the outer periphery of the metal plate270B. The cut slit272B is a linear hole which is provided in the metal plate270B, which penetrates in the direction of the Z axis and which has a predetermined width. Since the portion between the outer peripheries of the opening portion271B and the metal plate270B is completely cut by the cut slit272B, the electrical path (current loop) is not formed around the opening portion271B.

FIG. 40is an exploded plan view of the metal plate270A, the insulating plate280and the metal plate270B when seen in the direction of the X axis.FIG. 41is a cross-sectional view of the metal plate270A, the insulating plate280and the metal plate270B in a state where the metal plate270A, the insulating plate280and the metal plate270B are coupled. InFIG. 41, the coils TLand RLare also shown. The cross section in the cross-sectional view ofFIG. 41is a cross section which passes through the centers of the opening portions271A,280H and271B and which is parallel to the YZ plane. Although the opening portions271A,280H and271B and the cut slits272A and272B are actually sealed with a resin material or the like, the state of the sealing is not shown inFIGS. 39A and 39BandFIGS. 40 and 41.

The opening portions271A,280H and271B are provided in opposite positions of the arrangement position of the power reception-side coil RL(the positions opposite the arrangement position of the power reception-side coil RL), in the reference arrangement state, the opening portions271A,280H and271B are located between the coils TLand RLand the coils TLand RLare opposite each other through the opening portions271A,280H and271B. The sizes of the opening portions271A and271B in the XY plane are larger than those of the coils TLand RL, and the items which are described in the second embodiment on the size of the opening portion271are also applied to the opening portions271A and271B. Hence, the power transfer using the coils TLand RLcan be realized though a slight loss is produced.

As described above, the cut slit272B which completely cuts the portion between the outer peripheries of the opening portion271A and the metal plate270A is provided in the metal plate270A, and thus currents based on the magnetic field generated in the coils TLand RLare not induced in the metal plate270A. The same is true for the metal plate270B. Hence, the resonant frequency shift phenomenon and the current amplitude increase phenomenon do not occur, and consequently, the influences based on the phenomena are not produced.

When attention is focused only on the prevention of the occurrence of the resonant frequency shift phenomenon and the current amplitude increase phenomenon, it is preferable to be able to adopt a method in which in the electronic device2, as the metal plate270, only the metal plate270A is provided (in this case, the insulating plate280is not necessary). However, since the cut slit272A is provided in the metal plate270A such that the structural strength of the metal plate270A is lowered, in particular, for example, when the enclosure of the electronic device2is formed with the metal plate, it may be undesirable to provide only the metal plate270A as the metal plate270.

Hence, in the electronic device2according to the example EX4_1, a plurality of metal plates in which the opening portion and the cut slit are provided are stacked in layers in a state where they are insulated from each other (although here, an example where the number of metal plates stacked in layers is two is described, the number of metal plates can be three or more). Here, within the plane parallel to the metal plates (that is, the plane parallel to the XY plane), a plurality of cut slits in the metal plates are formed in different positions.

When attention is focused on the metal plates270A and270B, within the plane parallel to the metal plates270A and270B (that is, the plane parallel to the XY plane), the cut slits272A and272B are formed in different positions. In other words, when the cut slits272A and272B are projected on the plane parallel to the metal plates270A and270B, the projected images are formed in different positions. As described above, the positions in which the cut slits272A and272B are formed are devised, and thus the metal plates270A and270B can complement each other in portions whose structural strength is relatively low, with the result that it is possible to obtain the necessary structural strength as a whole.

In the example shown inFIG. 39A, in the metal plate270A, the cut slit272A is a cut slit which is extended from the predetermined position of the outer periphery of the opening portion271A toward a predetermined first direction whereas in the metal plate270B, the cut slit272B is a cut slit which is extended from the predetermined position of the outer periphery of the opening portion271B toward a predetermined second direction. The first and second directions are parallel to the XY plane and are opposite to each other. For example, the first and second directions may be orthogonal to each other.

When the inductance of the power transmission-side coil TLis represented by L1, and the capacitance of the power transmission-side capacitor TCis represented by C1, the resonant frequency f1of the resonant circuit TT which is determined only by L1and C1is 1/(2π(L1C1)1/2) (that is, the reciprocal of a product of 2π and the square root of (L1C1)). When the inductance of the power reception-side coil RLis represented by L2, and the capacitance of the power reception-side capacitor RCis represented by C2, the resonant frequency f2of the resonant circuit RR which is determined only by L2and C2is 1/(2π(L2C2)1/2) (that is, the reciprocal of a product of 2π and the square root of (L2C2)). Since in the example EX4_1, as in the first embodiment, the resonant frequency shift phenomenon does not occur, the resonant frequency f1of the resonant circuit TT and the resonant frequency f2of the resonant circuit RR (in the first embodiment, represented by the symbol fO) are preferably set to the predetermined reference frequency (13.56 MHz).

In the electronic device2, the power reception-side coil RL, the metal plate270A, the insulating plate280and the metal plate270B are fixed within the electronic device2with mechanical components, a substrate and the like which are not illustrated, in the power feeding device1, the power transmission-side coil TLis fixed within the power feeding device1with mechanical components, a substrate and the like which are not illustrated and the enclosures of the power feeding device1and the electronic device2are formed such that the details described above in the example EX4_1 are realized.

The example EX4_2 will be described. The metal plate270according to the example EX4_2 is referred to as a metal plate270C.

FIG. 42is a plan view of the metal plate270C. The metal plate270C has a configuration in which a slit group is additionally formed in the metal plate270described in the second embodiment. The slit group is formed with a plurality of slits272C which are formed in different positions from the opening portion271toward the outer periphery of the metal plate270C. Although the number of slits272C may be arbitrary as long as the number is equal to or more than two, in terms of enhancement of the degree of reduction of the resonant frequency shift phenomenon and the current amplitude increase phenomenon, a certain number of slits272C (for example, four or more slits) are preferably present, and in order to effectively increase the length of the electrical path formed around the opening portion271, it is preferable to radially form a plurality of slits272C. Although the opening portion271and the slits272C are actually sealed with a resin material or the like, the state of the sealing is not shown inFIG. 42.

A specific example of the configuration of the slit group inFIG. 42will be described. As described above, the outer peripheral shape of the opening portion271on the XY plane is a circle. Six points which divide the circumference of the circle into six parts are referred to as the first to sixth points. It is assumed that the i-th line segment having a predetermined length is drawn, along a direction from the center of the opening portion271toward the i-th point, from the i-th point toward the outer periphery of the metal plate270C (i is an integer). In the position of the i-th line segment, the i-th slit272C having a predetermined width is provided. In other words, in the example ofFIG. 42, the first to sixth slits272C are radially formed from the opening portion271toward the outer periphery of the metal plate270C, and the slit group is formed with the first to sixth slits272C.

The slits272C are holes which are provided in the metal plate270C so as to penetrate in the direction of the Z axis, and thus no metal is present in the slits272C. However, no contact point is present between the slits272C and the outer periphery of the metal plate270C. Specifically, the slits272C which are extended from the opening portion271are completed in front of the outer periphery of the metal plate270C, and consequently, the metal of the metal plate270C is left between the slits272C and the outer periphery of the metal plate270C.

Hence, as compared with the case where the cut slit is provided in the example EX4_1, the structural strength of the metal plate itself is enhanced whereas as shown inFIG. 43, the electrical path (current loop) made of the metal of the metal plate270C is formed around the opening portion271and the slit group. Then, as in the configuration of the second embodiment, when the alternating current I1flows through the power transmission-side coil TL, the alternating current I31flows through the electrical path around the opening portion271, and when the alternating current I2flows through the power reception-side coil RL, the alternating current I32flows through the electrical path around the opening portion271(seeFIGS. 28A and 28B).

However, since as compared with the case where the slit group is not present, the diameter of the electrical path around the opening portion271is increased, a coupling coefficient K13between the power transmission-side coil TLand the metal plate270and a coupling coefficient K23between the power reception-side coil RLand the metal plate270are decreased (seeFIG. 28C). Consequently, the resonant frequency shift phenomenon and the current amplitude increase phenomenon are partially reduced, and thus the influences based on the phenomena are reduced.

As is understandable from the relationship shown inFIG. 28C, as Q in the power reception-side coil RLis increased, the current I2is relatively increased with respect to the current I32(ultimately, the current I32can be ignored), and thus the influence of the current I32is reduced. Hence, it is preferable to form the resonant circuit RR such that Q in the power reception-side coil RLis increased as much as possible. For example, in the power reception-side coil RL, the number of times the winding wires are wound is reduced or the winding wires are increased in thickness, and thus it is possible to increase Q in the power reception-side coil RL.

Although in the example EX4_2, the resonant frequency shift phenomenon is reduced, a certain degree of the resonant frequency shift phenomenon occurs. Hence, the resonant frequency is preferably determined as follows.

In the separate state, the resonant frequency f1of the resonant circuit TT determined only by the inductance L1of the power transmission-side coil TLand the capacitance C1of the power transmission-side capacitor TCis set to a predetermined frequency (for example, 13 MHz) lower than the reference frequency such that in the reference arrangement state, the resonant frequency of the resonant circuit TT is increased by being affected by the metal plate270and that consequently, the resonant frequency of the resonant circuit TT is the resonant frequency. Likewise, the resonant frequency f2of the resonant circuit RR determined only by the inductance L2of the power reception-side coil RLand the capacitance C2of the power reception-side capacitor TCis set to a predetermined frequency (for example, 13 MHz) lower than the reference frequency such that the resonant frequency of the resonant circuit RR is increased by being affected by the metal plate270and that consequently, the resonant frequency of the resonant circuit RR is the resonant frequency.

In this way, the power transfer is performed in a state where the resonant frequencies of the resonant circuits TT and RR are set to the reference frequency, and thus the influence based on the resonant frequency shift phenomenon is completely cancelled. However, since an increase in the current amplitude of the power transmission-side coil TLcaused by the presence of the metal plate270is not completely cancelled, in terms of cancellation of the influence based on the current amplitude increase phenomenon, the example EX4_1 is preferable.

In the electronic device2, the power reception-side coil RLand the metal plate270C are fixed within the electronic device2with mechanical components, a substrate and the like which are not illustrated, in the power feeding device1, the power transmission-side coil TLis fixed within the power feeding device1with mechanical components, a substrate and the like which are not illustrated and the enclosures of the power feeding device1and the electronic device2are formed such that the details described above in the example EX4_2 are realized.

The example EX4_3 will be described. In the example EX4_3, an initial setting environment (FIG. 13) in a non-contact power feeding system of the fourth embodiment will be described.

In the example EX4_2, in the reference arrangement state, the resonant frequency of the resonant circuit TT is affected by the metal plate270so as to be the reference frequency, and in the separate state where the resonant frequency of the resonant circuit TT is not affected by the metal plate270, the resonant frequency of the resonant circuit TT is lower than the reference frequency. Hence, in the example EX4_2, the initial setting environment described in the first embodiment is preferably replaced by a variation initial setting environment below (this replacement may be applied to the example EX4_1). In the variation initial setting environment, in the reference arrangement state, the electronic device2is placed on the power feeding table12, and in the electronic device2, the fOchange/short circuit operation is continuously performed.

«Third Consideration on the Present Invention»

The present invention embodied in the embodiments described above (in particular, the fourth embodiment) will be considered.

A power reception device WC1according to one aspect of the present invention which can receive, from a power transmission device having a power transmission-side resonant circuit (TT) including a power transmission-side coil (TL) that transmits power, the power by a magnetic field resonance method includes: a power reception-side resonant circuit (RR) which includes a power reception-side coil (RL) that receives the power; and a metal portion (MT2) that includes a metal plate in which an opening portion (271) is provided in a position opposite the arrangement position of the power reception-side coil, where when the power transmission device and the power reception device are in a predetermined positional relationship for performing the transmission and reception of the power, the opening portion is located between the power transmission-side coil and the power reception-side coil, and in the metal plate, a slit portion is formed from the opening portion toward the outer periphery of the metal plate.

In terms of a mechanical strength, a texture improvement or the like, the metal portion which includes the metal plate can be provided in the power reception device. Although here, the metal plate which includes the opening portion acts so as to produce changes in the resonant frequencies of the resonant circuits through magnetic coupling to the coil, the slit portion is provided, and thus it is possible to reduce the changes, with the result that it is possible to perform the desired transmission and reception of the power by the magnetic field resonance method.

A non-contact power feeding system WC2according to one aspect of the present invention includes: the power reception device WC1; and the power transmission device which has the power transmission-side resonant circuit including the power transmission-side coil that transmits the power, where the transmission and reception of the power can be performed by the magnetic field resonance method.

Specifically, for example, preferably, in the non-contact power feeding system WC2, the power transmission device includes: a power transmission circuit which can supply an alternating current voltage to the power transmission-side resonant circuit; a detection circuit which detects the amplitude of a current flowing through the power transmission-side coil; and a control circuit which performs power transmission control on the power by controlling the power transmission circuit based on the amplitude detection value of the detection circuit.

For example, preferably, the power reception device WC1includes a change/short circuit which changes the resonant frequency of the power reception-side resonant circuit from a resonant frequency when the power is received or short-circuits the power reception-side coil before the reception of the power from the power transmission device, and the control circuit includes: a first processing portion which controls the power transmission circuit such that in a state where the power reception device changes the resonant frequency of the power reception-side resonant circuit or short-circuits the power reception-side coil according to a signal provided by communication from the power transmission device, a predetermined test magnetic field is generated in the power transmission-side coil before the transmission of the power; a second processing portion which determines, based on the amplitude detection value of the detection circuit when the test magnetic field is generated, whether or not the power transmission can be performed; and a third processing portion which realizes the power transmission by controlling the power transmission circuit such that after it is determined that the power transmission can be performed, a power transmission magnetic field larger than the test magnetic field is generated in the power transmission-side coil.

If the current based on the magnetic field generated in the power transmission-side coil flows through the metal plate having the opening portion, the current flowing through the metal plate generates a voltage in the power transmission-side coil so as to produce a change in the current amplitude of the power transmission-side coil. The slit portion is provided, and thus the current in the metal plate based on the magnetic field generated in the power transmission-side coil becomes zero or is reduced, with the result that it is possible to ensure the accuracy of a determination as to whether or not the power transmission utilizing the current amplitude of the power transmission-side coil can be performed.

The power feeding device1itself in each of the embodiments described above may function as the power transmission device according to the present invention or part of the power feeding device1in each of the embodiments described above may function as the power transmission device according to the present invention. Likewise, the electronic device2itself in each of the embodiments described above may function as the power reception device according to the present invention or part of the electronic device2in each of the embodiments described above may function as the power reception device according to the present invention.

«Variations and the Like»

The embodiments of the present invention can be variously changed as necessary without departing from the technical idea indicated in the scope of claims. The embodiments described above are simply examples of the embodiment of the present invention, and the significance of the terms of the present invention and the configuration requirements is not limited by the description of the above embodiments. The specific values indicated in the above description are simply illustrative, and can naturally be changed to various values. As explanatory notes which can be applied to the embodiments described above, explanatory notes 1 to 3 will be described below. The details described in the explanatory notes can be arbitrarily combined unless otherwise a contradiction arises.

Although in the embodiments described above, the frequencies and the resonant frequencies of various types of signals are set to 13.56 MHz serving as the reference frequency, 13.56 MHz is a target value for the setting, and in the actual device, the frequencies include errors.

Although the present invention embodied in conformance with the standard of NFC is described in the embodiments, and thus in the description, the reference frequency is 13.56 MHz, the reference frequency may be any frequency other than 13.56 MHz. In relation to what has been described above, the communication and the power transfer between the power feeding device and the electronic device to which the present invention is applied may be communication and power transfer in conformance with a standard other than NFC.

Even in a case where the reference frequency of the non-contact power feeding system according to the present invention is set to a frequency other than 13.56 MHz (for example, 6.78 MHz), and where the resonant frequency of the resonant circuit JJ in the foreign object3formed as a non-contact IC card is 13.56 MHz, when the foreign object3is placed on the power feeding table12, a corresponding change in the voltage value VDis produced in the pFOD processing or the mFOD processing. Hence, even in such a case, it is possible to detect the foreign object3by the method described above.

A target device which is the power reception device or the power transmission device according to the present invention can be formed by hardware such as an integrated circuit or a combination of hardware and software. An arbitrary specific function which is the entire function realized in the target device or part thereof may be described as a program, and the program may be stored in a flash memory capable of installing the program in the target device. Then, the program may be performed on a program performing device (for example, a microcomputer which can be installed in the target device) so as to realize the specific function. The program can be stored and fixed in an arbitrary recording medium. The recording medium in which the program is stored and fixed may be installed in or connected to a device (such as a server device) which is different from the target device.

LIST OF REFERENCE SYMBOLS