Shock activated shut-off valve

A gas valve for attachment to a gas line for preventing flow of gas subsequent to a vibration shock of a predefined limit, the valve having a ball and pedestal trip mechanism wherein the ball, in set position on the pedestal, supports a lever connected to a flap closure which drops to a closed position on displacement of the ball from the support pedestal, the valve having a reset mechanism and multiple support pedestals for selection of a desired strength setting.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
The gas valve of this invention relates to a shutoff valve for use where 
earthquakes or other shocks may cause a break in a gas line resulting in a 
hazard from explosion and/or fire upon ignition of escaped gas. The 
problem of fire following an earthquake is one of the most serious and 
damaging aspects of a major earthquake. A major portion of the damage 
following the San Francisco quake of 1906 resulted from the fires 
following the tremors rather than from the structural damage of the shock. 
The fires were undoubtedly caused to a large extent by gas line breaks and 
subsequent ignition of the escaped gas. 
Prior gas valves have been devised using a ball and pedestal arrangement 
wherein the ball functions as the block-device in the valve. These 
generally are difficult to reset. The valve devised is designed to operate 
with a degree of consistence for a preselect disturbance or shock level 
and to be reset with a minimum of effort. 
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
The gas valve of this invention is a safety shutoff valve that responds to 
physical disturbances to automatically activate the closure of a gas line 
in which it is installed. While the design of the valve is directed 
particularly at earthquake shocks, the valve is useful in any environment 
where it is desirable to halt the flow of a dangerous gas during and 
subsequent to violent shocks. For example, in military installations or in 
war zones, where the gas line is not a strategic necessity, it is 
desirable to shut down such gas lines when under bomb or shell attack. 
Similarly, in other natural disasters in addition to earthquakes, for 
example, tornado or destructive hurricane, it is desirable to shut down 
the gas to prevent possible subsequent fire. 
The gas valve is constructed with a cast housing having an inlet line 
connection and an outlet line connection with standard gas line conduit. 
The cast housing has an internal elongated cavity in which a heavy ball is 
mounted on a support pedestal. The support pedestal is designed with a 
cradle that supports the ball so long as conditions are stable. The ball 
in turn supports a lever which is connected to and extends from a flap 
gate that is displaced from an orifice seat. The ball when disturbed drops 
from the pedestal a short distance, which is adequate to lower the lever 
and attached flap gate onto the orifice seat, thereby closing the gas 
passage through the valve. The valve remains closed by the weight of the 
flap valve and the back pressure of the gas. By design and orientation of 
the lever, the ball is displaced to a specific secondary location where it 
is embraced by a reset device comprising an externally accessible plunger 
connected to a guiding contact face. When the plunger is pressed the ball, 
when guided by the inside configuration of the housing chamber, is 
repositioned onto the pedestal support. The pedestal support is easily 
accessible by removal of an end plug whereby the pedestal support can be 
substituted by a pedestal support of slightly different geometry for 
increasing or descreasing the sensitivity of the valve to shock or 
vibration. 
These and other features will become apparent upon consideration of the 
detailed description of the preferred embodiment.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT 
Referring to FIGS. 1 and 2, the gas valve, designated generally by the 
reference numeral 10, is constructed with an elongated cast metal housing 
12. The housing 12 is machined with a threaded inlet connection orifice 14 
for a gas conduit, i.e. a threaded steel pipe and an opposed threaded 
outlet connection orifice 16 for a continuation of the conduit. The 
housing is designed for installation in a vertical run of gas conduit. 
While it may be redesigned for a horizontal gas line, the vertical 
orientation provides the most effective arrangement of internal components 
for minimal size. 
Referring in particular to FIG. 2, the outlet orifice 16 has an internal 
orifice seating 18 which cooperates with a spherically contoured seal 
surface 20 on the underside of an elongated flap gate 22. The flap gate 22 
includes a tongue 24 with an enlarged pivot ball 26 which is positioned in 
a support recess 28 in an end plug 30. The threaded end plug 30 is engaged 
with a threaded housing hole 32 at one end of the valve. 
Oppositely directed from the pivot tongue 24 and integrally formed in the 
flap gate 22 is an upwardly sloped activating lever 34 which contacts a 
relatively large ball 36, preferably fabricated from a hard heavy 
substance such as stainless steel. The ball 36 is seated on a pedestal 
support 38 having a contoured support surface 40 conforming in part to the 
surface of the ball. 
On shock or heavy vibration the ball 36 is displaced from the pedestal 
support 38 and directionally urged by the lever 34 of the flap gate 22 to 
a secondary unseated position as shown in dash line in FIG. 2. The lever 
34 has an incline under surface 42 which aids in directing the ball to the 
secondary position. Location of the ball in this position is also aided by 
the slope of the internal cavity floor 44. In the unseated position of the 
ball the lever 34 is out of contact with and no longer supported by the 
ball 36; the gate 22 having pivoted at the end ball 26 in the plug recess 
28 until the seal surface 20 contacts the outlet orifice seating 18. In 
such position, the flow passage from the inlet orifice 14 through the 
outlet orifice is effectively closed. 
To reset the valve, a plunger 46 oriented in an access orifice 48 is 
designed to push the ball 36 back up onto the pedestal support 38. The 
plunger 46 is centrally positioned in the access orifice 48 by an annular 
bushing seal 50 which is seated in an inset 52 in the access orifice 48. 
Preferably the bushing seal 50 has a degree of elasticity as well as 
rigidity to function both as a support and a seal. The plunger 46 has a 
button head 54, an elongated neck 56 and a contact bracket 58 conforming 
in part to said ball for capturing and guiding the ball 36 during 
replacement on the pedestal support when the plunger is pressed. A 
compression spring 60, contacting the back side of the button head and the 
outer face of the bushing seal 50, returns the plunger 46 to its original 
retracted position. While the bushing seal 50 is designed to seal the end 
orifice 48, to insure that all possibility of gas escape is eliminated, 
the orifice and seal is capped by end plug 62 for added assurance. This 
plug (shown removed), when installed also prevents accidental depression 
of the plunger which may upset the equilibrium of the ball 36. 
The end orifice 48 and a machining port 64 at the top of the valve, allow 
for installation of the internal components. The machining port 64 is 
closed with a plug 66 and is provided primarily to allow for precision 
machining of the pedestal support inset 68. The top surface 70 of the 
machining port is similarly precision machined to provide a surface for 
leveling the valve on installation for effectively truing the pedestal 
support 38 to its design performances. 
The pedestal support 38 may be replaced with similar pedestal supports 38a 
and 38b as shown in FIG. 3A and FIG. 3B to change the performance 
capability of the valve unit. For example, pedestal support 38a provides a 
contoured support surface 40a that is slightly greater than the support 
surface 40 of the pedestal support 38 of FIG. 1. This provides a greater 
stability to the ball 36 and hence requires a greater shock to dislodge 
the ball and activate the shut-off. 
Similarly, the pedestal support 38b has a narrower support surface 40b and 
provides substantially less stability to the ball 36. A relatively light 
shock will dislodge the ball and activate the shut-off. While two 
alternative supports are shown, it is to be understood that a wider 
selection of supports is to be available for various environmental 
conditions. 
While in the foregoing specification embodiments of the present invention 
have been shown in considerable detail for the purposes of making a 
complete disclosure of the invention, it will be apparent to those of 
ordinary skill in the art that numerous changes may be made in such 
details without departing from the spirit and principles of the invention.