Two-level locking device, hopper car bottom door and hopper car

The present invention discloses a two-level locking device, a hopper car bottom door and a hopper car. The device includes a first transmission shaft, a second transmission shaft, a clutch, a pressure mechanism and a reset mechanism, wherein under the pressure action of the pressure mechanism, the clutch separates the first transmission shaft from the second transmission shaft, and under the action of the reset mechanism, the clutch joints the first transmission shaft with the second transmission shaft. The bottom door includes the device. The hopper car includes the bottom door. By adopting the device, when the clutch is accidently separated by the pressure action of the pressure mechanism, the reset mechanism can re-joint the clutch to prevent the accidental rotation of the first transmission shaft and the second transmission shaft. By adopting the bottom door, the hopper car bottom door opened and closed by a planar four-bar linkage passing a dead point is more reliable to use. The hopper car is more reliable to use.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to the technical field of rail wagons, and particularly relates to a two-level locking device, a hopper car bottom door and a hopper car.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Most existing railroad hopper cars adopt box type bottom door structures, and bottom doors are controlled by bottom door opening and closing mechanisms to open and close to achieve an automatic unloading function. Under this structure, the opening, closing and locking of the bottom doors completely depend on the control of the bottom door opening and closing mechanisms. In the case of failure of the bottom door opening and closing mechanisms, the bottom doors are out of effective control and are completely at a free rotation state, and the bottom doors are liable to automatically open due to vibration in a vehicle operation process, resulting in commodity leakage or automatic unloading to affect the traffic safety.

The bottom door opening and closing mechanisms are key components for ensuring the normal unloading of the railroad hopper cars and require convenient opening and closing operations and stable performance, and the existing mechanical impact self-unloading type bottom door opening and closing mechanisms have the above characteristics, thus being widely used on the railroad hopper cars at home and abroad at present. Moreover, corresponding self-locking devices are provided to prevent automatic opening of the bottom doors due to such reasons as vibration and the like or abnormal opening of the bottom doors caused by other factors in a transportation process.

However, the current two-level locking solutions of the hopper cars adopting the mechanical impact self-unloading type bottom door opening and closing mechanisms are based on the locking operation handle principle, which has relatively limited adaptability and cannot meet the requirements of bilaterally opening and closing the bottom doors.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

To solve the above problems, the present invention provides a two-level locking device arranged on a hopper car bottom door, which is opened and closed by a planar four-bar linkage passing a dead point, a hopper car bottom door including the two-level locking device and a hopper car including the bottom door.

The two-level locking device provided by the present invention includes a first transmission shaft, a second transmission shaft, a clutch, a pressure mechanism and a reset mechanism, wherein under the pressure action of the pressure mechanism, the clutch separates the first transmission shaft from the second transmission shaft, and under the action of the reset mechanism, the clutch joints the first transmission shaft with the second transmission shaft.

Preferably, the clutch includes a locking key limiting seat and a locking key, wherein the locking key limiting seat is fixedly connected to the first transmission shaft, the locking key is fixedly connected to the second transmission shaft, and the pressure mechanism can apply a pressure to the locking key to deviate the locking key from the key slot of the locking key limiting seat, so that the first transmission shaft is separated from the second transmission shaft; the reset mechanism can apply a force to the locking key to insert the locking key into the locking key limiting seat again, so that the first transmission shaft and the second transmission shaft are re-jointed to reset.

Preferably, the pressure mechanism includes a pressure lever, a first bent lever, a first rotating shaft, a force application arm and a force application unit, wherein the pressure lever includes an end m and an end n, the first bent lever includes an end a and an end b, the end m of the pressure lever is hinged with the locking key, the end a of the first bent lever is connected to the end n of the pressure lever, the first bent lever is connected to the force application arm through the first rotating shaft, the force application unit can apply an upward acting force to the end b of the first bent lever, such that the first bent lever rotates clockwise with the first rotating shaft as the shaft to propel the pressure lever to move rightwards, and the pressure lever applies a rightward acting force to the locking key to deviate the locking key from the key slot of the locking key limiting seat, so that the first transmission shaft is separated from the second transmission shaft.

Preferably, the force application unit includes a first roller, a first locating pin and a first connecting piece, wherein a first through hole and a first slotted hole are formed on the force application arm, a second through hole and a third through hole are formed on the first connecting piece, a fourth through hole is formed on the first roller, the end b of the first bent lever sequentially penetrates through the first through hole and the second through hole, the first locating pin is inserted in the second through hole, the fourth through hole and the first slotted hole, when the first locating pin is located at the lower semicircle of the first slotted hole, the lower edge of the first roller protrudes from the force application arm to apply an upward acting force to the first roller, the first roller drives the first locating pin to move upwards, the first locating pin drives the first connecting piece to move upwards, and the first connecting piece applies an upward acting force to the end b of the first bent lever, until the first locating pin arrives at the upper semicircle of the first slotted hole.

Preferably, the reset mechanism includes a pull rod, a stop dog, an elastic component, a second bent lever, a second rotating shaft, a third rotating shaft, a plug, a reset arm and a limiting unit, wherein the pull rod includes an end p and an end q, the second bent lever includes an end c and an end d, the end p of the pull rod is hinged with the locking key, the end q of the pull rod is connected to the end c of the second bent lever through the third rotating shaft, the second bent lever is connected to the reset arm through the second rotating shaft, a holding space for the movement of the end q of the pull rod, the third rotating shaft and the end c of the second bent lever is arranged in the plug, the stop dog is fixedly connected to the pull rod, one end of the elastic component is fixedly connected to the stop dog, the other end of the elastic component is fixedly connected to the plug, when the locking key is jointed with the locking key limiting seat, the reset arm can prevent the second bent lever from rotating counterclockwise with the second rotating shaft as the shaft, and at this time, the elastic component is at a tensile state.

Preferably, the limiting unit includes a second roller, a second locating pin and a second connecting piece, wherein a fifth through hole and a second slotted hole are formed on the reset arm, a sixth through hole and a seventh through hole are formed on the second connecting piece, an eighth through hole is formed on the second roller, the end d of the second bent lever sequentially penetrates through the fifth through hole and the sixth through hole, the second locating pin is inserted in the sixth through hole, the eighth through hole and the second slotted hole, when the locking key is jointed with the locking key limiting seat, the second locating pin is located at the upper semicircle of the second slotted hole, and the upper semicircle of the second slotted hole prevents the second locating pin from moving upwards to prevent the second connecting piece from moving upwards, so as to prevent the second bent lever from rotating counterclockwise with the second rotating shaft as the shaft.

The present invention further provides a hopper car bottom door, including the two-level locking device provided by the present invention, wherein the force application arm is the first door opening and closing arm of the bottom door, and the reset arm is the second door opening and closing arm of the bottom door.

The present invention further provides a hopper car, including the hopper car bottom door provided by the present invention.

According to the two-level locking mechanism provided by the present invention, when the clutch is accidently separated by the pressure action of the pressure mechanism, the reset mechanism can re-joint the clutch to prevent the accidental rotation of the first transmission shaft and the second transmission shaft.

The hopper car bottom door provided by the present invention includes the two-level locking device provided by the present invention, when the first door opening and closing arm and the second door opening and closing arm vibrate to cause accidental separation of the clutch to result in accidental opening of the first door opening and closing arm and the second door opening and closing arm, the reset mechanism can re-joint the clutch to prevent the transmission shafts from rotating, in order to prevent the accidental opening of the first door opening and closing arm and the second door opening and closing arm, so that the hopper car bottom door opened and closed by the planar four-bar linkage passing the dead point is more reliable to use.

The hopper car provided by the present invention includes the hopper car bottom door provided by the present invention, and the accidental opening of the first door opening arm and the second door opening arm can be prevented, so that the application is more reliable.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

To better understand the present invention, a detailed illustration of the present invention will be given below in combination with accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

SeeFIG. 1andFIG. 2, a two-level locking device provided by the present invention includes a first transmission shaft1, a second transmission shaft2, a clutch, a pressure mechanism and a reset mechanism, wherein under the pressure action of the pressure mechanism, the clutch separates the first transmission shaft1from the second transmission shaft2, and under the action of the reset mechanism, the clutch joints the first transmission shaft1with the second transmission shaft2.

According to the two-level locking mechanism provided by the present invention, when the clutch is accidently separated by the pressure action of the pressure mechanism, the reset mechanism can re-joint the clutch to prevent the accidental rotation of the first transmission shaft1and the second transmission shaft2.

Wherein as a specific implementation of the clutch, the clutch includes a locking key limiting seat3and a locking key4, wherein the locking key limiting seat3is fixedly connected to the first transmission shaft1, the locking key4is fixedly connected to the second transmission shaft2, in this embodiment, the locking key4is not fixedly connected to the second transmission shaft2completely, while the locking key4is buckled on the second transmission shaft2by the tension of an elastic component25, such that the locking key4is fixedly connected to the second transmission shaft2. The pressure mechanism can apply a pressure to the locking key4to deviate the locking key4from the key slot of the locking key limiting seat3, so that the first transmission shaft1is separated from the second transmission shaft2; in this embodiment, since the tension applied by the elastic component25to the locking key4is not a rigid acting force, but is an elastic pre-tightening force with a buffering effect, the elastic pre-tightening force is insufficient to deviate the locking key4from the key slot of the locking key limiting seat3, however, the pressure applied by the pressure mechanism to the locking key4is a rigid acting force, and the rigid acting force is sufficient to deviate the locking key4from the key slot of the locking key limiting seat3. The reset mechanism can apply a force to the locking key4to insert the locking key4into the locking key limiting seat3again, so that the first transmission shaft1and the second transmission shaft2are re-jointed to reset.

Wherein as a specific implementation of the pressure mechanism, the pressure mechanism includes a pressure lever5, a first bent lever7, a first rotating shaft36, a force application arm10and a force application unit, wherein the pressure lever5includes an end m40and an end n41, the first bent lever7includes an end a9and an end b8, the end m40of the pressure lever5is hinged with the locking key4, the hinge point is37, the end a9of the first bent lever7is connected to the end n41of the pressure lever5, the first bent lever7is connected to the force application arm10through the first rotating shaft36, the force application unit can apply an upward acting force to the end b8of the first bent lever7, such that the first bent lever7rotates clockwise with the first rotating shaft36as the shaft to propel the pressure lever5to move rightwards, and the pressure lever5applies a rightward acting force to the locking key4to deviate the locking key4from the key slot of the locking key limiting seat3, so that the first transmission shaft1is separated from the second transmission shaft2.

Wherein as a specific implementation of the force application unit, the force application unit includes a first roller17, a first locating pin13and a first connecting piece14, wherein a first through hole11and a first slotted hole12are formed on the force application arm10, a second through hole15and a third through hole16are formed on the first connecting piece14, a fourth through hole18is formed on the first roller17, the end b8of the first bent lever7sequentially penetrates through the first through hole11and the second through hole15, the first locating pin13is inserted in the second through hole15, the fourth through hole18and the first slotted hole12, when the first locating pin13is located at the lower semicircle of the first slotted hole12, the lower edge of the first roller17protrudes from the force application arm10to apply an upward acting force to the first roller17, the first roller17drives the first locating pin13to move upwards, the first locating pin13drives the first connecting piece14to move upwards, and the first connecting piece14applies an upward acting force to the end b8of the first bent lever7, until the first locating pin13arrives at the upper semicircle of the first slotted hole12.

In this embodiment, the first connecting piece14is inserted in the groove of the first roller17, and the first roller17is inserted in the groove of the force application arm10, so that the structure of the force application unit is more compact.

Wherein as a specific implementation of the reset mechanism, the reset mechanism includes a pull rod6, a stop dog24, an elastic component25(in this embodiment, the elastic component is15), a second bent lever19, a second rotating shaft22, a third rotating shaft26, a plug23, a reset arm27and a limiting unit, wherein the pull rod6includes an end p42and an end q43, the second bent lever19includes an end c20and an end d21, the end p42of the pull rod6is hinged with the locking key4, the end q43of the pull rod6is connected to the end c20of the second bent lever19through the third rotating shaft26, the second bent lever19is connected to the reset arm27through the second rotating shaft22, a holding space39for the movement of the end q43of the pull rod6, the third rotating shaft26and the end c20of the second bent lever19is arranged in the plug23, the stop dog24is fixedly connected to the pull rod6, one end of the elastic component25is fixedly connected to the stop dog24, the other end of the elastic component25is fixedly connected to the plug23, when the locking key4is jointed with the locking key limiting seat3, the reset arm27can prevent the second bent lever19from rotating counterclockwise with the second rotating shaft22as the shaft, and at this time, the elastic component25is at a tensile state.

Wherein, the limiting unit includes a second roller30, a second locating pin35and a second connecting piece32, a fifth through hole28and a second slotted hole29are formed on the reset arm27, a sixth through hole33and a seventh through hole34are formed on the second connecting piece32, an eighth through hole31is formed on the second roller30, the end d21of the second bent lever19sequentially penetrates through the fifth through hole28and the sixth through hole33, the second locating pin35is inserted in the sixth through hole33, the eighth through hole31and the second slotted hole29, when the locking key4is jointed with the locking key limiting seat3, the second locating pin35is located at the upper semicircle of the second slotted hole29, and the upper semicircle of the second slotted hole29prevents the second locating pin35from moving upwards to prevent the second connecting piece32from moving upwards, so as to prevent the second bent lever19from rotating counterclockwise with the second rotating shaft22as the shaft.

In this embodiment, the second connecting piece32is inserted in the groove of the second roller30, and the second roller30is inserted in the groove of the reset arm27, so that the structure of the limiting unit is more compact.

The present invention further provides a hopper car bottom door, including the two-level locking device provided by the present invention, wherein the force application arm10is the first door opening and closing arm of the bottom door, and the reset arm27is the second door opening and closing arm of the bottom door.

The hopper car bottom door provided by the present invention has the two-level locking device provided by the present invention, when the first door opening and closing arm and the second door opening and closing arm vibrate to cause accidental separation of the clutch to result in accidental opening of the first door opening and closing arm and the second door opening and closing arm, the reset mechanism can re-joint the clutch to prevent the transmission shafts from rotating, in order to prevent the accidental opening of the first door opening and closing arm and the second door opening and closing arm, so that the hopper car bottom door opened and closed by the planar four-bar linkage passing the dead point is more reliable to use.

The present invention further provides a hopper car, including the hopper car bottom door provided by the present invention.

The hopper car provided by the present invention has the hopper car bottom door provided by the present invention, and the accidental opening of the first door opening arm and the second door opening arm can be prevented, so that the application is more reliable.

In an operation process of the hopper car provided by the present invention, a ground door opening ramp acts on the first door opening and closing arm, the first roller17is applied with the upward acting force at first, the first roller17drives the first locating pin13to move upwards, the first locating pin13drives the first connecting piece14to move upwards, the first connecting piece14applies the upward acting force to the end b8of the first bent lever7, until the first locating pin13arrives at the upper semicircle of the first slotted hole12, the locking key4deviates from the key slot of the locking key limiting seat3, the elastic component25changes from the tensile state into a compressed state, and the first transmission shaft1is separated from the second transmission shaft2, however, when the hopper car operates reversely, the upward acting force applied on the first roller17gradually disappears, at this time, the elastic component25gradually recovers from the compressed state, the first locating pin13, the first roller17and the first connecting piece14drive the pressure lever1to move leftwards under the action of self-gravity, the pressure lever1in turn drives the locking key4to move leftwards to be inserted into the locking key limiting seat3again, and the first transmission shaft1and the second transmission shaft2are re-jointed to reset.

The foregoing specific implementations are further detailed descriptions of the purposes, technical solutions and beneficial effects of the present invention, and it should be understood that, the foregoing descriptions are merely specific implementations of the present invention, rather than limiting the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements or the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.