TECHNIQUES FOR SCRAMBLING MULTIPLE ACCESS IN WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS

Aspects described herein relate to generating, using an initial seed and a pseudo-random shift value, a scrambling sequence, scrambling, using the scrambling sequence, one or more codewords as part of generating a baseband signal for a wireless communication channel, and transmitting the baseband signal to a network node.

FIELD OF THE DISCLOSURE

Aspects of the present disclosure relate generally to wireless communication systems, and more particularly, to techniques for scrambling multiple access.

DESCRIPTION OF RELATED ART

These multiple access technologies have been adopted in various telecommunication standards to provide a common protocol that enables different wireless devices to communicate on a municipal, national, regional, and even global level. For example, a fifth generation (5G) wireless communications technology (which can be referred to as 5G new radio (5G NR)) is envisaged to expand and support diverse usage scenarios and applications with respect to current mobile network generations. In an aspect, 5G communications technology can include: enhanced mobile broadband addressing human-centric use cases for access to multimedia content, services and data; ultra-reliable-low latency communications (URLLC) with certain specifications for latency and reliability; and massive machine type communications, which can allow a very large number of connected devices and transmission of a relatively low volume of non-delay-sensitive information.

SUMMARY

According to an aspect, an apparatus for wireless communication is provided that includes a processor, memory coupled with the processor, and instructions stored in the memory. The instructions are operable, when executed by the processor, to cause the apparatus to generate, using an initial seed and a pseudo-random shift value, a scrambling sequence, where the pseudo-random shift value is a function of one or more of a cell identifier associated with a network node, a radio network temporary identifier (RNTI) of the apparatus, a frame index of a frame associated with a wireless communication channel, a subframe index of a subframe associated with the wireless communication channel, or a slot index of a slot associated with the wireless communication channel, scramble, using the scrambling sequence, one or more codewords as part of generating a baseband signal for the wireless communication channel, and transmit the baseband signal to the network node.

According to an aspect, an apparatus for wireless communication is provided that includes a processor, memory coupled with the processor, and instructions stored in the memory. The instructions are operable, when executed by the processor, to cause the apparatus to receive, from a user equipment (UE), a baseband signal for a wireless communication channel, generate, using an initial seed and a pseudo-random shift value, a scrambling sequence, where the pseudo-random shift value is a function of one or more of a cell identifier associated with the apparatus, a RNTI of the UE, a frame index of a frame associated with the wireless communication channel, a subframe index of a subframe associated with the wireless communication channel, or a slot index of a slot associated with the wireless communication channel, and descramble, using the scrambling sequence, one or more codewords from the baseband signal.

In another aspect, a method for wireless communication at a UE is provided that includes generating, using an initial seed and a pseudo-random shift value, a scrambling sequence, where the pseudo-random shift value is a function of one or more of a cell identifier associated with a network node, a RNTI of the UE, a frame index of a frame associated with a wireless communication channel, a subframe index of a subframe associated with the wireless communication channel, or a slot index of a slot associated with the wireless communication channel, scrambling, using the scrambling sequence, one or more codewords as part of generating a baseband signal for the wireless communication channel, and transmitting the baseband signal to the network node.

In another aspect, a method for wireless communication at a network node is provided that includes receiving, from a UE, a baseband signal for a wireless communication channel, generating, using an initial seed and a pseudo-random shift value, a scrambling sequence, where the pseudo-random shift value is a function of one or more of a cell identifier associated with the network node, a RNTI of the UE, a frame index of a frame associated with the wireless communication channel, a subframe index of a subframe associated with the wireless communication channel, or a slot index of a slot associated with the wireless communication channel, and descrambling, using the scrambling sequence, one or more codewords from the baseband signal.

In a further aspect, an apparatus for wireless communication is provided that includes a transceiver, a memory configured to store instructions, and one or more processors communicatively coupled with the transceiver and the memory. The one or more processors are configured to execute the instructions to perform the operations of methods described herein. In another aspect, an apparatus for wireless communication is provided that includes means for performing the operations of methods described herein. In yet another aspect, a computer-readable medium is provided including code executable by one or more processors to perform the operations of methods described herein.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

The described features generally relate to scrambling multiple access in wireless communications. In wireless communication technologies, such as fifth generation (5G) new radio (NR), multiple access schemes can be used to multiplex communications from or for multiple user equipments (UEs), which can increase capacity of a wireless communication system. The increase in capacity can be enabled by allowing more UEs to transmit or receive in a same amount of time-frequency resources based on the multiple access scheme. Multiplexing multiple UEs can potentially create interference at the base station.

In 5G NR, for example, gold sequences can be used to scramble communications for multiple access. The gold sequences can be a function of an initial seed, cinit, and a shift value, Nc. In 5G NR, as described in third generation partnership project (3GPP) technical standard (TS) 36.211, pseudo-random sequences are defined by a length-31 Gold sequence. The output sequence c(n) of length MPN, where n=0, 1, . . . , MPN−1, is defined by:

where NC=1600 and the first m-sequence shall be initialized with x1(0)=1, x1(n)=0, n=1, 2, . . . , 30. The initialization of the second m-sequence can be denoted by cinit=Σi=030x2(i)·2iwith the value depending on the application of the sequence. In 5G NR, cinitcan be changed based on cell identifier (ID), radio network temporary identifier (RNTI), frame index (nf), subframe index, slot index (ns) etc., while Ncis fixed. For example,

Currently, in 5G NR, the scrambling sequence is mostly a linear function of cell ID and slot number, so the randomization achieved by this may be limited due to linear properties of the gold sequences.

Aspects described herein relate to a scrambling scheme that can reduce the impact of interference on performance. For example, Nccan be changed to improve randomization. For example, the shift value, Nc, can be a random number or a pseudo-random function of another parameter, such as cell ID, RNTI, frame index, subframe index, slot index, etc. In addition, in some examples described herein, orthogonal demodulation reference signals (DMRS) can be used for transmission. In some examples, this can be applied to certain technologies, such as non-terrestrial networks (NTN). Using a scrambling sequence with a random or pseudo-random shift value can provide additional randomization, which can allow for increasing the number of UEs for which multiple access is provided in a given time period. This can improve throughput of the wireless communication system, allowing more users to concurrently access the system, which can improve user experience when using the UEs.

The described features will be presented in more detail below with reference toFIGS.1-7.

FIG.1is a diagram illustrating an example of a wireless communications system and an access network100. The wireless communications system (also referred to as a wireless wide area network (WWAN)) can include base stations102, UEs104, an Evolved Packet Core (EPC)160, and/or a 5G Core (5GC)190. The base stations102may include macro cells (high power cellular base station) and/or small cells (low power cellular base station). The macro cells can include base stations. The small cells can include femtocells, picocells, and microcells. In an example, the base stations102may also include gNBs180, as described further herein. In one example, some nodes of the wireless communication system may have a modem340and UE communicating component342for scrambling wireless communications using a scrambling sequence that is based on an initial seed and a pseudo-random shift value, in accordance with aspects described herein. In addition, some nodes may have a modem440and BS communicating component442for descrambling wireless communications using a scrambling sequence that is based on an initial seed and a pseudo-random shift value, in accordance with aspects described herein. Though a UE104is shown as having the modem340and UE communicating component342and a base station102/gNB180is shown as having the modem440and BS communicating component442, this is one illustrative example, and substantially any node or type of node may include a modem340and UE communicating component342and/or a modem440and BS communicating component442for providing corresponding functionalities described herein.

The 5GC190may include a Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF)192, other AMFs193, a Session Management Function (SMF)194, and a User Plane Function (UPF)195. The AMF192may be in communication with a Unified Data Management (UDM)196. The AMF192can be a control node that processes the signaling between the UEs104and the 5GC190. Generally, the AMF192can provide QoS flow and session management. User Internet protocol (IP) packets (e.g., from one or more UEs104) can be transferred through the UPF195. The UPF195can provide UE IP address allocation for one or more UEs, as well as other functions. The UPF195is connected to the IP Services197. The IP Services197may include the Internet, an intranet, an IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS), a PS Streaming Service, and/or other IP services.

The base station may also be referred to as a gNB, Node B, evolved Node B (eNB), an access point, a base transceiver station, a radio base station, a radio transceiver, a transceiver function, a basic service set (BSS), an extended service set (ESS), a transmit reception point (TRP), or some other suitable terminology. The base station102provides an access point to the EPC160or 5GC190for a UE104. Examples of UEs104include a cellular phone, a smart phone, a session initiation protocol (SIP) phone, a laptop, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a satellite radio, a global positioning system, a multimedia device, a video device, a digital audio player (e.g., MP3 player), a camera, a game console, a tablet, a smart device, a wearable device, a vehicle, an electric meter, a gas pump, a large or small kitchen appliance, a healthcare device, an implant, a sensor/actuator, a display, or any other similar functioning device. Some of the UEs104may be referred to as IoT devices (e.g., parking meter, gas pump, toaster, vehicles, heart monitor, etc.). IoT UEs may include machine type communication (MTC)/enhanced MTC (eMTC, also referred to as category (CAT)-M, Cat M1) UEs, NB-IOT (also referred to as CAT NB1) UEs, as well as other types of UEs. In the present disclosure, eMTC and NB-IOT may refer to future technologies that may evolve from or may be based on these technologies. For example, eMTC may include FeMTC (further eMTC), eFeMTC (enhanced further eMTC), mMTC (massive MTC), etc., and NB-IOT may include eNB-IoT (enhanced NB-IOT), FeNB-IOT (further enhanced NB-IOT), etc. The UE104may also be referred to as a station, a mobile station, a subscriber station, a mobile unit, a subscriber unit, a wireless unit, a remote unit, a mobile device, a wireless device, a wireless communications device, a remote device, a mobile subscriber station, an access terminal, a mobile terminal, a wireless terminal, a remote terminal, a handset, a user agent, a mobile client, a client, or some other suitable terminology.

In an example, UE communicating component342can communicate with a base station102, gNB180, or other node over a wireless communication channel. UE communicating component342can scramble codewords based on a scrambling sequence in generating a baseband signal for transmission to facilitate multiple access, where multiple UEs can use each use a distinct scrambling sequence that the base station102or other receiving node can know and use to decode the codewords from the baseband signals from each UE104. UE communicating component342can generate the scrambling sequence for scrambling the codewords, and/or BS communicating component442can generate the scrambling sequence for descrambling the codewords, using an initial seed and a pseudo-random shift value, where at least the pseudo-random shift value can provide a uniqueness to the scrambling sequence for the UE104. For example, the pseudo-random shift value is a function of one or more of a cell identifier associated with the network node, a RNTI of the UE, a frame index of a frame associated with the wireless communication channel, a subframe index of a subframe associated with the wireless communication channel, or a slot index of a slot associated with the wireless communication channel.

Lower-layer functionality can be implemented by one or more RUs240. In some deployments, an RU240, controlled by a DU230, may correspond to a logical node that hosts RF processing functions, or low-PHY layer functions (such as performing fast Fourier transform (FFT), inverse FFT (iFFT), digital beamforming, physical random access channel (PRACH) extraction and filtering, or the like), or both, based at least in part on the functional split, such as a lower layer functional split. In such an architecture, the RU(s)240can be implemented to handle over the air (OTA) communication with one or more UEs104. In some implementations, real-time and non-real-time aspects of control and user plane communication with the RU(s)240can be controlled by the corresponding DU230. In some scenarios, this configuration can enable the DU(s)230and the CU210to be implemented in a cloud-based RAN architecture, such as a vRAN architecture.

Referring toFIG.3, one example of an implementation of UE104may include a variety of components, some of which have already been described above and are described further herein, including components such as one or more processors312and memory316and transceiver302in communication via one or more buses344, which may operate in conjunction with modem340and/or UE communicating component342for scrambling wireless communications using a scrambling sequence that is based on an initial seed and a pseudo-random shift value, in accordance with aspects described herein.

In an aspect, the one or more processors312can include a modem340and/or can be part of the modem340that uses one or more modem processors. Thus, the various functions related to UE communicating component342may be included in modem340and/or processors312and, in an aspect, can be executed by a single processor, while in other aspects, different ones of the functions may be executed by a combination of two or more different processors. For example, in an aspect, the one or more processors312may include any one or any combination of a modem processor, or a baseband processor, or a digital signal processor, or a transmit processor, or a receiver processor, or a transceiver processor associated with transceiver302. In other aspects, some of the features of the one or more processors312and/or modem340associated with UE communicating component342may be performed by transceiver302.

Also, memory316may be configured to store data used herein and/or local versions of applications375or UE communicating component342and/or one or more of its subcomponents being executed by at least one processor312. Memory316can include any type of computer-readable medium usable by a computer or at least one processor312, such as random access memory (RAM), read only memory (ROM), tapes, magnetic discs, optical discs, volatile memory, non-volatile memory, and any combination thereof. In an aspect, for example, memory316may be a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium that stores one or more computer-executable codes defining UE communicating component342and/or one or more of its subcomponents, and/or data associated therewith, when UE104is operating at least one processor312to execute UE communicating component342and/or one or more of its subcomponents.

Transceiver302may include at least one receiver306and at least one transmitter308. Receiver306may include hardware, firmware, and/or software code executable by a processor for receiving data, the code comprising instructions and being stored in a memory (e.g., computer-readable medium). Receiver306may be, for example, a radio frequency (RF) receiver. In an aspect, receiver306may receive signals transmitted by at least one base station102. Additionally, receiver306may process such received signals, and also may obtain measurements of the signals, such as, but not limited to, Ec/Io, signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), reference signal received power (RSRP), received signal strength indicator (RSSI), etc. Transmitter308may include hardware, firmware, and/or software code executable by a processor for transmitting data, the code comprising instructions and being stored in a memory (e.g., computer-readable medium). A suitable example of transmitter308may including, but is not limited to, an RF transmitter.

Moreover, in an aspect, UE104may include RF front end388, which may operate in communication with one or more antennas365and transceiver302for receiving and transmitting radio transmissions, for example, wireless communications transmitted by at least one base station102or wireless transmissions transmitted by UE104. RF front end388may be connected to one or more antennas365and can include one or more low-noise amplifiers (LNAs)390, one or more switches392, one or more power amplifiers (PAS)398, and one or more filters396for transmitting and receiving RF signals.

In an aspect, LNA390can amplify a received signal at a desired output level. In an aspect, each LNA390may have a specified minimum and maximum gain values. In an aspect, RF front end388may use one or more switches392to select a particular LNA390and its specified gain value based on a desired gain value for a particular application.

Further, for example, one or more PA(s)398may be used by RF front end388to amplify a signal for an RF output at a desired output power level. In an aspect, each PA398may have specified minimum and maximum gain values. In an aspect, RF front end388may use one or more switches392to select a particular PA398and its specified gain value based on a desired gain value for a particular application.

Also, for example, one or more filters396can be used by RF front end388to filter a received signal to obtain an input RF signal. Similarly, in an aspect, for example, a respective filter396can be used to filter an output from a respective PA398to produce an output signal for transmission. In an aspect, each filter396can be connected to a specific LNA390and/or PA398. In an aspect, RF front end388can use one or more switches392to select a transmit or receive path using a specified filter396, LNA390, and/or PA398, based on a configuration as specified by transceiver302and/or processor312.

As such, transceiver302may be configured to transmit and receive wireless signals through one or more antennas365via RF front end388. In an aspect, transceiver may be tuned to operate at specified frequencies such that UE104can communicate with, for example, one or more base stations102or one or more cells associated with one or more base stations102. In an aspect, for example, modem340can configure transceiver302to operate at a specified frequency and power level based on the UE configuration of the UE104and the communication protocol used by modem340.

In an aspect, modem340can be a multiband-multimode modem, which can process digital data and communicate with transceiver302such that the digital data is sent and received using transceiver302. In an aspect, modem340can be multiband and be configured to support multiple frequency bands for a specific communications protocol. In an aspect, modem340can be multimode and be configured to support multiple operating networks and communications protocols. In an aspect, modem340can control one or more components of UE104(e.g., RF front end388, transceiver302) to enable transmission and/or reception of signals from the network based on a specified modem configuration. In an aspect, the modem configuration can be based on the mode of the modem and the frequency band in use. In another aspect, the modem configuration can be based on UE configuration information associated with UE104as provided by the network during cell selection and/or cell reselection.

In an aspect, UE communicating component342can optionally include a sequence generating component352for generating a scrambling sequence, and/or a scrambling component354for scrambling wireless communications (e.g., codewords) based on the scrambling sequence, in accordance with aspects described herein.

In an aspect, the processor(s)312may correspond to one or more of the processors described in connection with the UE inFIG.7. Similarly, the memory316may correspond to the memory described in connection with the UE inFIG.7.

Referring toFIG.4, one example of an implementation of base station102(e.g., a base station102and/or gNB180, as described above) may include a variety of components, some of which have already been described above, but including components such as one or more processors412and memory416and transceiver402in communication via one or more buses444, which may operate in conjunction with modem440and BS communicating component442for descrambling wireless communications using a scrambling sequence that is based on an initial seed and a pseudo-random shift value, in accordance with aspects described herein.

The transceiver402, receiver406, transmitter408, one or more processors412, memory416, applications475, buses444, RF front end488, LNAs490, switches492, filters496, PAs498, and one or more antennas465may be the same as or similar to the corresponding components of UE104, as described above, but configured or otherwise programmed for base station operations as opposed to UE operations.

In an aspect, BS communicating component442can optionally include a sequence generating component452for generating a scrambling sequence, and/or a descrambling component454for descrambling wireless communications (e.g., codewords) based on the scrambling sequence, in accordance with aspects described herein.

In an aspect, the processor(s)412may correspond to one or more of the processors described in connection with the base station inFIG.7. Similarly, the memory416may correspond to the memory described in connection with the base station inFIG.7.

FIG.5illustrates a flow chart of an example of a method500for scrambling wireless communications using a scrambling sequence that is based on an initial seed and a pseudo-random shift value, in accordance with aspects described herein. In an example, a UE104or base station102can perform the functions described in method500using one or more of the components described inFIGS.1and3.

In method500, at Block502, a scrambling sequence can be generated using an initial seed and a pseudo-random shift value. In an aspect, sequence generating component352, e.g., in conjunction with processor(s)312, memory316, transceiver302, UE communicating component342, etc., can generate, using the initial seed and the pseudo-random shift value, the scrambling sequence. In one example, the initial seed may also be a pseudo-random value. For example, a pseudo-random value can be generated based on, or as, a function of a parameter value that may change in certain scenarios and/or may be specific to the scenario, such as an identifier of a device. As described, for example, the UE104can communicate with a network node, such as a base station102, gNB180, etc., which may include a monolithic base station102, gNB180, etc., a disaggregated portion of a base station102, gNB180, etc.

In one example, sequence generating component352can use a shift value that is a function of one or more of a cell identifier associated with the network node, a RNTI of the UE, which may be assigned to the UE104by the network node in some examples, a frame index of a frame associated with the wireless communication channel, a subframe index of a subframe associated with the wireless communication channel, or a slot index of a slot associated with the wireless communication channel, etc. For example, the frame index, subframe index, or slot index may be associated with a frame, subframe, or slot during which the UE104transmits a baseband signal that is scrambled using the scrambling sequence. In one example, the initial seed may be fixed or may be a pseudo-random function of one or more of the cell identifier associated with the network node, the RNTI of the UE, the frame index, the subframe index, or the slot index. In an example, the functions for generating the shift value and/or initial seed may be linear functions.

In one example, sequence generating component352can use the formula defined in 5G NR for generating the length-31 Gold sequences, but may use the pseudo-random shift value instead of the fixed shift value NC=1600. Accordingly, in an example, sequence generating component352may similarly generate length-31 sequences. For example, sequence generating component352can generate the scrambling sequence c(n):

where NCis the pseudo-random shift value that can be a function of cell identifier, RNTI, frame index, subframe index, slot index, etc., and the first m-sequence can be initialized with x1(0)=1, x1(n)=0, n=1, 2, . . . , 30. The initialization of the second m-sequence can be denoted by cinit=Σi=030x2(i)·2iwith the value depending on the application of the sequence. As described above, for example, cinitmay also be changed based on cell identifier (ID), RNTI, frame index (nf), subframe index, slot index (ns) etc. Using a pseudo-random shift value, as opposed to a fixed shift value, can provide additional capacity for UEs in multiple access.

In one example, sequence generating component352can determine to generate the scrambling sequence using a pseudo-random shift value and not the fixed shift value based on one or more other parameters. For example, sequence generating component352can generate the scrambling sequence using a pseudo-random shift value and not the fixed shift value where the UE104is accessing, e.g., via the network node, a non-terrestrial network (NTN). Such networks may benefit from using the pseudo-random shift values to provide additional capacity for multiple access UEs.

In method500, at Block504, one or more codewords can be scrambled, using the scrambling sequence, as part of generating a baseband signal for a wireless communication channel. In an aspect, scrambling component354, e.g., in conjunction with processor(s)312, memory316, transceiver302, UE communicating component342, etc., can scramble, using the scrambling sequence, one or more codewords as part of generating a baseband signal for the wireless communication channel. For example, the UE104can be configured or allocated resources for transmitting communications to the network node over the wireless communication channel, such as a physical uplink control channel (PUCCH), physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH), etc. In this example, scrambling component354can receive codewords to be transmitted over resources (e.g., time and/or frequency resources) of the wireless communication channel, and can accordingly scramble the codewords in generating the baseband signal for transmission. For example, scrambling component354can scramble the codewords, as described in 3GPP TS 36.211 (e.g., for PUCCH or PUSCH) for 5G NR, using the scrambling sequence that is generated based on the pseudo-random shift value. In this example, scrambling component354can scramble the codewords for providing to a modulation mapper, layer mapper, transform precoder, precoding operation, resource element mapper, signal generator (e.g., single carrier-frequency division multiple access (SC-FDMA) signal generator), etc. for generating the baseband signal for transmission including, or based on, the scrambled codewords.

In method500, at Block506, the baseband signal can be transmitted to a network node. In an aspect, UE communicating component342, e.g., in conjunction with processor(s)312, memory316, transceiver302, etc., can transmit the baseband signal to the network node. For example, UE communicating component342can transmit the baseband signal using one or more RF components, as described herein. For example, UE communicating component342can transmit the baseband signal over the corresponding resources (e.g., time and/or frequency resources) allocated for the wireless communication channel.

FIG.6illustrates a flow chart of an example of a method600for descrambling wireless communications using a scrambling sequence that is based on an initial seed and a pseudo-random shift value, in accordance with aspects described herein. In an example, a base station102or UE104can perform the functions described in method600using one or more of the components described inFIGS.1and4.

In method600, at Block602, the baseband signal for a wireless communication channel can be received from a UE. In an aspect, BS communicating component442, e.g., in conjunction with processor(s)412, memory416, transceiver402, etc., can receive, from the UE, the baseband signal for the wireless communication channel. For example, BS communicating component442can receive the baseband signal using one or more RF components, as described herein. For example, BS communicating component442can receive the baseband signal over the corresponding resources (e.g., time and/or frequency resources) allocated to the UE (and/or other UEs in multiple access) for the wireless communication channel.

In method600, optionally at Block604, a scrambling sequence can be generated using an initial seed and a pseudo-random shift value. In an aspect, sequence generating component452, e.g., in conjunction with processor(s)412, memory416, transceiver402, BS communicating component442, etc., can generate, using the initial seed and the pseudo-random shift value, the scrambling sequence. In one example, the initial seed may also be a pseudo-random value. For example, sequence generating component452can use the same function(s), initial seed, pseudo-random shift value, etc. as sequence generating component352to generate the scrambling sequence, as described above. For example, sequence generating component452can use a shift value that is a function of one or more of a cell identifier associated with the network node, a RNTI of the UE, which may be assigned to the UE104by the network node in some examples, a frame index of a frame associated with the wireless communication channel, a subframe index of a subframe associated with the wireless communication channel, or a slot index of a slot associated with the wireless communication channel, etc., as described.

Similarly, in one example, sequence generating component452can also determine to generate the scrambling sequence using a pseudo-random shift value and not the fixed shift value based on one or more other parameters, such as where the network node is providing, to the UE104, access to a NTN.

In method600, at Block606, one or more codewords can be descrambled, using the scrambling sequence, from the baseband signal. In an aspect, descrambling component454, e.g., in conjunction with processor(s)412, memory416, transceiver402, BS communicating component442, etc., can descramble, using the scrambling sequence, one or more codewords from the baseband signal. For example, descrambling component454can descramble the codewords, as described in 3GPP TS 36.211 (e.g., for PUCCH or PUSCH) for 5G NR, using the scrambling sequence that is generated based on the pseudo-random shift value. In this example, descrambling component454can descramble the codewords from outputs from one or more demappers, or demapping components, for providing to upper layers for processing (e.g., for providing from a physical layer to a media access control layer, etc.).

FIG.7is a block diagram of a MIMO communication system700including a base station102and a UE104. The MIMO communication system700may illustrate aspects of the wireless communication access network100described with reference toFIG.1. The base station102may be an example of aspects of the base station102described with reference toFIG.1. The base station102may be equipped with antennas734and735, and the UE104may be equipped with antennas752and753. In the MIMO communication system700, the base station102may be able to send data over multiple communication links at the same time. Each communication link may be called a “layer” and the “rank” of the communication link may indicate the number of layers used for communication. For example, in a 2×2 MIMO communication system where base station102transmits two “layers,” the rank of the communication link between the base station102and the UE104is two.

At the base station102, a transmit (Tx) processor720may receive data from a data source. The transmit processor720may process the data. The transmit processor720may also generate control symbols or reference symbols. A transmit MIMO processor730may perform spatial processing (e.g., precoding) on data symbols, control symbols, or reference symbols, if applicable, and may provide output symbol streams to the transmit modulator/demodulators732and733. Each modulator/demodulator732through733may process a respective output symbol stream (e.g., for OFDM, etc.) to obtain an output sample stream. Each modulator/demodulator732through733may further process (e.g., convert to analog, amplify, filter, and upconvert) the output sample stream to obtain a DL signal. In one example, DL signals from modulator/demodulators732and733may be transmitted via the antennas734and735, respectively.

The UE104may be an example of aspects of the UEs104described with reference toFIGS.1and3. At the UE104, the UE antennas752and753may receive the DL signals from the base station102and may provide the received signals to the modulator/demodulators754and755, respectively. Each modulator/demodulator754through755may condition (e.g., filter, amplify, downconvert, and digitize) a respective received signal to obtain input samples. Each modulator/demodulator754through755may further process the input samples (e.g., for OFDM, etc.) to obtain received symbols. A MIMO detector756may obtain received symbols from the modulator/demodulators754and755, perform MIMO detection on the received symbols, if applicable, and provide detected symbols. A receive (Rx) processor758may process (e.g., demodulate, deinterleave, and decode) the detected symbols, providing decoded data for the UE104to a data output, and provide decoded control information to a processor780, or memory782.

The processor780may in some cases execute stored instructions to instantiate a UE communicating component342(see e.g.,FIGS.1and3).

On the uplink (UL), at the UE104, a transmit processor764may receive and process data from a data source. The transmit processor764may also generate reference symbols for a reference signal. The symbols from the transmit processor764may be precoded by a transmit MIMO processor766if applicable, further processed by the modulator/demodulators754and755(e.g., for single carrier-FDMA, etc.), and be transmitted to the base station102in accordance with the communication parameters received from the base station102. At the base station102, the UL signals from the UE104may be received by the antennas734and735, processed by the modulator/demodulators732and733, detected by a MIMO detector736if applicable, and further processed by a receive processor738. The receive processor738may provide decoded data to a data output and to the processor740or memory742.

The processor740may in some cases execute stored instructions to instantiate a BS communicating component442(see e.g.,FIGS.1and4).

The components of the UE104may, individually or collectively, be implemented with one or more ASICs adapted to perform some or all of the applicable functions in hardware. Each of the noted modules may be a means for performing one or more functions related to operation of the MIMO communication system700. Similarly, the components of the base station102may, individually or collectively, be implemented with one or more application specific integrated circuits (ASICs) adapted to perform some or all of the applicable functions in hardware. Each of the noted components may be a means for performing one or more functions related to operation of the MIMO communication system700.

The following aspects are illustrative only and aspects thereof may be combined with aspects of other embodiments or teaching described herein, without limitation.

Aspect 1 is a method for wireless communication at a UE that includes generating, using an initial seed and a pseudo-random shift value, a scrambling sequence, where the pseudo-random shift value is a function of one or more of a cell identifier associated with a network node, a RNTI of the UE, a frame index of a frame associated with a wireless communication channel, a subframe index of a subframe associated with the wireless communication channel, or a slot index of a slot associated with the wireless communication channel, scrambling, using the scrambling sequence, one or more codewords as part of generating a baseband signal for the wireless communication channel, and transmitting the baseband signal to the network node.

In Aspect 2, the method of Aspect 1 includes where the initial seed is a pseudo-random function of one or more of the cell identifier associated with the network node, the RNTI of the UE, the frame index, the subframe index, or the slot index.

In Aspect 3, the method of any of Aspects 1 or 2 includes where the initial seed is a fixed value.

In Aspect 4, the method of any of Aspects 1 to 3 includes where the function is a linear function.

In Aspect 5, the method of any of Aspects 1 to 4 includes where the scrambling sequence is a length-31 sequence.

In Aspect 6, the method of any of Aspects 1 to 5 includes where the UE and the network node communicate using a NTN.

In Aspect 7, the method of Aspect 6 includes where generating the scrambling sequence based on the pseudo-random shift value is based on using the NTN in communicating with the network node.

In Aspect 8, the method of any of Aspects 1 to 7 includes where the wireless communication channel is one of a PUCCH or a PUSCH.

Aspect 9 is a method for wireless communication at a network node including receiving, from a UE, a baseband signal for a wireless communication channel, generating, using an initial seed and a pseudo-random shift value, a scrambling sequence, where the pseudo-random shift value is a function of one or more of a cell identifier associated with the network node, a RNTI of the UE, a frame index of a frame associated with the wireless communication channel, a subframe index of a subframe associated with the wireless communication channel, or a slot index of a slot associated with the wireless communication channel, and descrambling, using the scrambling sequence, one or more codewords from the baseband signal.

In Aspect 10, the method of Aspect 9 includes where the initial seed is a pseudo-random function of one or more of the cell identifier associated with the network node, the RNTI of the UE, the frame index, the subframe index, or the slot index.

In Aspect 11, the method of any of Aspects 9 or 10 includes where the initial seed is a fixed value.

In Aspect 12, the method of any of Aspects 9 to 11 includes where the function is a linear function.

In Aspect 13, the method of any of Aspects 9 to 12 includes where the scrambling sequence is a length-31 sequence.

In Aspect 14, the method of any of Aspects 9 to 13 includes where the UE and the network node communicate using a NTN.

In Aspect 15, the method of Aspect 14 includes where generating the scrambling sequence based on the pseudo-random shift value is based on using the NTN in communicating with the UE.

In Aspect 16, the method of any of Aspects 9 to 15 includes where the wireless communication channel is one of a PUCCH or a PUSCH.

Aspect 17 is an apparatus for wireless communication including a processor, memory coupled with the processor, and instructions stored in the memory and operable, when executed by the processor, to cause the apparatus to perform any of the methods of Aspects 1 to 16.

Aspect 18 is an apparatus for wireless communication including means for performing any of the methods of Aspects 1 to 16.

Aspect 19 is a computer-readable medium including code executable by one or more processors for wireless communications, the code including code for performing any of the methods of Aspects 1 to 16.

The various illustrative blocks and components described in connection with the disclosure herein may be implemented or performed with a specially programmed device, such as but not limited to a processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an ASIC, a field programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic device, a discrete gate or transistor logic, a discrete hardware component, or any combination thereof designed to perform the functions described herein. A specially programmed processor may be a microprocessor, but in the alternative, the processor may be any conventional processor, controller, microcontroller, or state machine. A specially programmed processor may also be implemented as a combination of computing devices, e.g., a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, multiple microprocessors, one or more microprocessors in conjunction with a DSP core, or any other such configuration.