Touch-responsive indicator switch

In the touch-responsive indicator switch construction disclosed herein, an electrically energizable light source is viewable through a printed circuit contact assembly. In the contact assembly, an essentially transparent flexible polymer sheet is folded to provide three juxtaposed layers, a ring-shaped contact element on the top layer being deflectable through an aperture on the intermediate layer to make contact with a similar ring-shaped contact element on the bottom layer, the light source being viewable through the centers of the ring-shaped contact elements.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
The present invention relates to touch-responsive indicator switch 
apparatus and more particularly to such a switch apparatus in which a 
light source is viewable through an essentially transparent, 
touch-responsive contact assembly. 
There have previously been known various types of indicator switches, e.g. 
mechanical switch assemblies incorporating indicator lamps and the like. 
Typically, however, these switch devices have been relatively complicated 
electromechanical assemblies including both the parts normally associated 
with a switch and those associated with a lamp and socket. The use of such 
complicated assemblies has heretofore typically been limited to industrial 
applications. A need has been perceived for a simpler and lower cost 
indicator switch apparatus which can be incorporated into various consumer 
items such as toys, games and teaching devices, as well as into business 
devices such as point-of-sale data entry terminals and the like. 
Among the several objects of the present invention may be noted the 
provision of a touch-responsive indicator switch apparatus which is of 
singularly simple construction and which is yet entirely effective in 
operation; the provision of such apparatus which is highly reliable and 
yet inexpensive. Other objects and features will be in part apparent and 
in part pointed out hereinafter. 
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
Briefly, a touch-responsive indicator switch according to the present 
invention involves an electrically energizable light source and, over that 
light source, a contact assembly including three juxtaposed layers of an 
essentially transparent flexible polymer material. On the inward side of 
the outermost of the layers is a second ring-shaped printed circuit 
contact element. The middle layer is apertured to permit electrical 
contact between the first and second contact elements when the outer layer 
is touched and deflected through this aperture. Interconnected with the 
light source and the contact elements is a circuit means having a 
plurality of states, these states including at least a first state in 
which the source is energized and a second state in which the second 
source is de-energized. The circuit means is responsive to closures 
between the contact elements for changing states. Accordingly, the state 
of the circuit means can be altered by touching the outermost layer and an 
indication responsive to the state of the circuit means can be observed 
through the center portions of the ring-shaped contact elements.

Corresponding reference characters indicate corresponding parts throughout 
the several views of the drawings. 
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT 
Referring now to FIG. 1, the contact assembly illustrated there comprises a 
sheet of a flexible, essentially transparent polymer material, the sheet 
being indicated generally by reference character 11. Sheet 11 is formed to 
provide three portions 13, 14, and 15 of similar dimensions so that the 
sheet can be folded, along lines indicated at 17 and 18, to provide three 
juxtaposed portions or layers as may be seen in FIG. 2. In FIG. 2, the 
folded contact assembly is shown as being positioned over two solid state 
light sources, i.e. light emitting diodes L1 and L2. As may be seen from 
FIG. 2, the center portion 14 of sheet 11 forms the top or outermost layer 
of the contact assembly while the portion 15 forms the bottom or innermost 
layer with the portion 13 constituting an intermediate or spacing layer. 
Sheet 11 carries printed circuit conductors forming contact elements and 
circuit paths as described in greater detail hereinafter. With reference 
to FIG. 1, it should be understood that the conductors are on the bottom 
of the transparent sheet 11 as viewed in that Figure. On the underside of 
the central portion of the sheet 11, i.e. the portion which is on top when 
the assembly is folded, are formed two ring-shaped contact elements A1 and 
A2. These contact elements are arranged so as to be aligned with the light 
sources L1 and L2 in the final assembly. Two similar contact elements B1 
and B2 are formed on the portion 15. As will be understood from the 
preceding description, these contact elements will be on the upper side or 
portion 15 when the sheet 11 is folded. The contact elements B1 and B2 
positioned on the sheet portion 15 so as to be aligned with the contact 
elements A1 and A2 when sheet portion 15 is folded under portions 14 and 
13 in the manner shown in FIG. 2. Portion 13 of sheet 11 is apertured as 
indicated by reference characters C1 and C2, these apertures being located 
so that each is aligned with and between a respective facing pair of the 
contact elements, i.e., the aperture C1 is between the contact elements A1 
and B1 and the aperture C2 is between the contact elements A2 and B2. 
While the contact elements A1, A2, B1 and B2 are described herein as 
"ring-shaped," the use of this term should not be understood as requiring 
that the elements be circular. Rather, what is meant is a conductor 
forming a periphery around a central or core region. 
Printed circuit conductors extend from each of the contact elements to a 
tab 22 extending from portion 14. Tab 22 is adapted to be engaged by a 
connector 24 for establishing electrical connections to the printed 
circuitry. 
Preferably, a relatively rigid and essentially transparent backing member 
is interposed between the light sources L1 and L2 and the folded sheet 11 
which constitutes the contact assembly. In FIG. 2, such a backing member 
is indicated by reference character 25 and may, for example, comprise a 
sheet of a plastic which is transparent to the light given off by the 
light emitting diodes L1 and L2. A plastic having a ruby tint is 
appropriate when the light emitting diode L1 and L2 are of the 
conventional type giving off red light. 
Since both the backing plate 25 and the flexible sheet 11 are essentially 
transparent to the light given off by the light emitting diodes L1 and L2 
the state of energization of either of these light sources can be viewed 
right through the contact assembly, i.e. through the open centers of the 
contact elements A1 and B1 even though these contact elements may 
themselves be essentially opaque. 
FIG. 3 illustrates, to enlarged scale, the detailed operation of the 
contact assembly. When the outer layer 14 is touched in the vicinity of 
contact element A1 by an operator's finger, indicated by reference 
character 27, the flexible polymer material is deflected, through the 
aperture C1 in the intermediate layer 13, so that the contact element A1 
makes electrical connection with the aligned contact B1 on the bottommost 
layer 15, this layer being supported by the backing means 25. To 
facilitate the making of this contact, it is preferred that the bottommost 
portion 15 of the sheet 11 be apertured in the core of the ring-shaped 
contact element B1 as indicated by reference character 29. 
For implementing a push-on, push-off mode of operation, the contact 
assembly and the light sources L1 and L2 are interconnected with a pair of 
flip flop circuits F1 and F2. These may, for example, comprise 
conventional J-K type flip flop circuits. The contact elements B1 and B2 
are both grounded, while the contact elements A1 and A2 are connected to 
respective clock inputs of the flip flops F1 and F2. As will be understood 
by those skilled in the art, the operation of the circuitry is such as to 
cause to the respective flip flop to complement state each time its clock 
input is momentarily grounded by closure of the respective set of 
contacts. The Q output of each flip flop is provided as a control signal 
to external circuitry which is to be controlled by the switch apparatus. 
The Q output of each flip flop is applied to selectively energize the 
respective one of the light emitting diodes L1 or L2, these output signals 
being applied through current limiting resistors R1 and R2 in conventional 
fashion. 
It can thus be seen that, for each closure of the contacts A1, B1 for 
example, the flip flop F1 will complement state. Thus, upon a first 
closure of this pair of contacts the light emitting diode L1 will be 
turned on and upon a second actuation, the light emitting diode will be 
turned off. At the same time, a signal representing the state of the flip 
flop F1 is made available to external apparatus which is to be controlled, 
i.e. through the Q output. The operation of the second set of switch 
contacts A2, B2 and associated flip flop F2 and light source L2 is 
essentially identical. 
While a particularly simple embodiment has been described by way of 
illustration, i.e. an embodiment in which the control circuitry has but 
two states, one energizing the light source and the other de-energizing 
the light source, it should be understood that more elaborate control 
circuitry could be implemented in which further states are provided in 
addition to those two states and that these states may implement 
additional modes of energization of the light sources, e.g. blinking 
modes. Likewise, while contact closures have been sensed in this 
embodiment by simple clocking of flip flop circuits, it should be 
understood that a more complex system of sensing contact closures may be 
provided, such as a scanning mode implemented by a state-of-the-art 
microprocessor circuitry. In any such configuration, the switching 
apparatus of the present invention fulfills its purpose of providing 
simple and inexpensive control and indication functions. 
In view of the foregoing, it may be seen that several objects of the 
present invention are achieved and other advantageous results have been 
attained. 
As various changes could be made in the above constructions without 
departing from the scope of the invention, it should be understood that 
all matter contained in the above description or shown in the accompanying 
drawings shall be interpreted as illustrative and not in a limiting sense.