Microwave reactivation system for standard and explosion-proof dehumidification system

The Microwave System and method of reactivation is designed to provide an indirect, safe and energy efficient source of heat and temperature rise required in the reactivation section of the desiccant unit for the release into atmosphere of the water vapors which are accumulated in the desiccant rotor. This microwave reactivation system and method is based on heat transfer produced from a heated fluid which is pumped through a closed loop coil assembly. This closed loop coil assembly is located and runs through both the isolated heating chamber of the microwave section and the reactivation / regeneration section in the dehumidification system. The airstream passing through the reactivation intake section comes in contact with the coil assembly and is heated to the desired temperature prior to reaching the desiccant rotor.

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BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Dehumidification and the control of moisture/humidity are of extreme importance and of crucial interest in numerous industrial sectors, such as; offshore, onshore, marine and military. Several processes and techniques have been designed and developed to address this serious problem. Some of these HVAC (Heating Ventilation and Air-Conditioning) hybrid systems which perform humidity control within specific spaces, do so primarily by using temperature; heating and expanding the air's capability to absorb and retain moisture, thus lowering the relative humidity and then by cooling the air temperature below its dew point, condensing and extracting the moisture/water vapors. Conventional systems, such as the basic cooling systems are comprised of cooling coils, a condenser coil, ventilation fan and a compressor unit.

While these systems are widely used and may operate effectively in various conditions, their main function and design purpose is to climatise and provide heating and cooling of a specific area, with dehumidification as a byproduct result. These type systems are generally used in various sites and conventional as well as hazardous industrial location applications. The primary advantage of using these type systems is that they do not generate hot airstreams or operate within high temperatures which could potentially ignite or spark flammable vapors and or even volatile gases found within the ambient air.

These cooling systems are generally very efficient while operating in warmer humid climatic conditions mostly found in the southern hemisphere but are found to be inefficient and non-compatible when operating in colder, damp climatic conditions located in hazardous, volatile environments found in northern regions. The desiccant dehumidification system operates on a completely different premise, which is that of differential vapor pressures and water vapor depression. The greater the dampness and humidity in the air, the greater the water vapor concentration and pressure.

In comparison, a dry desiccant rotor found in a desiccant based dehumidification system has a very low water vapor pressure. When damp humid high vapor pressure air molecules come in contact with the desiccant rotor's surface low vapor pressure, the molecules move from high to low in an attempt to achieve equilibrium. As the wet damp airstream passes through the rotor, the molecules are retained by the desiccant material and the resulting discharge air is delivered dry. Given that the desiccant dehumidification system does not utilize liquid condensate or gases, it allows this system the capability to effectively continue to operate and remove water vapors/moisture even when the dew point air temperature drops below freezing. Therefore, the desiccant dehumidification performance actually improves in colder temperatures and is not affected by the same deficiencies/drawbacks usually found in conventional cooling-based and or hybrid systems which utilize combinations of heating and cooling stages during operation.

The desiccant dehumidification systems are equipped with a desiccant rotor which is pierced and impregnated with a desiccant type material. The system includes two operational yet segregated sections; a process section and a reactivation section. During regular operation, an ambient airstream flows through the process section and subsequently the desiccant rotor, where the moisture is collected and removed from the airstream. The resultant is dry air discharge which is then delivered into the area or enclosure to be dehumidified. Simultaneously, another airstream passes through the desiccant dehumidifier and flows in the opposite direction through the segregated reactivation section and subsequently through the rotor's desiccant material. This air stream passing through the reactivation section is heated approximately 200 to 250 degrees F., prior to coming in contact with the rotors' surface. Heat has the effect of deactivating the desiccant material in the rotor, which in turn allows the material to release the water vapor molecules into the discharge airstream and to the outside atmosphere.

During the operating process, the desiccant rotor rotates slowly (approx. 8-10 rotations per minute) about its longitudinal axis. It has been established that desiccant dehumidification systems are highly effective in greatly reducing and controlling moisture and humidity in the air they are treating. Unfortunately, sometimes the energy required to operate such a system may be limited or not readily available, especially in the case of marine, offshore or remote mobile sites where these systems are required to operate.

This problem is caused by the fact that a high (heat) temperature rise in the airflow is absolutely required in the reactivation section in order to dry out the rotor desiccant material which usually translates into high energy requirements. The generating of heat is generally accomplished with the use of but not limited to the following systems; electric heating banks or elements, flame gas burners or submersible heater immersed in a fluid running through coils located in the airflow pathway that act in a way to radiate and transfer heat onto the reactivation airflow.

These methods are generally the most commonly used means to heat the desiccant dehumidification reactivation inlet airflow, so that the air temperature rises to a degree set point, before coming in contact with the rotor desiccant material. On the other hand, in the case of a typical mechanical dehumidification system where heating and or cooling processes are utilized separately or in combination such as a hybrid system, the role of the heating element is to generate heat to expand and raise the temperature of the air volume lowering the relative humidity. This airflow then goes through the refrigerant coils which rapidly cool down the airflow temperature enabling the extraction of moisture as condensate. This new “Microwave Reactivation System” is designed and intended to be installed in standard and explosion-proof dehumidification systems for operation as a high heat generating source. In the preferred embodiment, this microwave reactivation system is installed in the reactivation section of either a standard or explosion-proof desiccant dehumidification system.

This microwave reactivation system produces heat by generating electromagnetic waves which passes through materials and fluids, causing the molecules within to rapidly oscillate in excitation and in turn generating heat.

In the preferred embodiment, the medium used to store and transmit this heat is a fluid. This fluid is moved by means of supply and return pumps, flowing through a first parallel series of glass ceramic coils which is part of a closed-loop circuit, passing through the microwave heating chamber where the fluid molecules are treated and exposed to electromagnetic waves causing excitation and generating high heat. This super heated fluid then flows through a second parallel series of metallic coils located in the lower reactivation section, in the direct path of the airflow. This heat transfer from the fluid to the coils substantially raises the temperature of the airflow as it comes in contact and passes across the surface of the coils. This heated airflow is then used to deactivate the perforated desiccant material which is impregnated within the desiccant wheel/rotor, as it passes through it. This heat laden airstream has a demagnetizing effect on the desiccant material enabling it to release the retained accumulated moisture and thus greatly lowering the vapor pressure in the desiccant material for reuse in the dehumidification process section. In an alternative embodiment, the microwave reactivation system can also be adopted and installed in any mechanical heating/cooling hybrid or refrigerant type dehumidification system that must generate a heat source in order to successfully accomplish the dehumidification process.

In the above types of dehumidification systems which are included but not limited to, a heat source is required in order to raise the intake ambient airflow temperature, expand air volume and then allow the refrigerant cooling coils to rapidly cool down the processed airflow as it passes through, so that the suspended moisture can be extracted through condensation.

Essentially, the microwave reactivation system can replace other conventional heat generating sources as previously mentioned but not limited to, such as; electric heating banks and elements, flame gas burner or submersible heating element immersed in a fluid which raises the temperature producing heat. The installation and operation of this microwave reactivation system will enable the capability to achieve the heat generating requirements which are essential for operational efficiency and optimum output of the mechanical hybrid, refrigerant and particularly the desiccant dehumidification type processes. Simultaneously, due to its highly effective ratio of low energy requirement versus high heat generating capabilities, the microwave reactivation heating system will substantially diminish the electrical power demand and consumption without compromising on performance. It is essential for these industrial dehumidification systems and in particular for the desiccant dehumidification system whether standard or explosion-proof rated, to develop proper Bill heat generation for optimum dehumidification and peak operational performance. The microwave reactivation heating system enables to safely and effectively achieve and surpass all of the above requirements.

BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

According to the broad aspect of an embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a Microwave Reactivation System which has the function of heat generation for the reactivation section of a desiccant type dehumidification system or a mechanical dehumidification system which combines both heating and cooling. The mechanical heating/cooling hybrid, refrigerant or desiccant dehumidification systems are used for the purpose of dehumidifying and drying materials and or an air volume within an enclosed area or space.

In the preferred embodiment, the Microwave Reactivation System is designed for use in the desiccant dehumidification type system. The desiccant dehumidification system is comprised of two operating sections; the process and the reactivation sections. The desiccant dehumidification system has a desiccant rotor/wheel assembly which is mounted and rotates within a cabinet made up of two separate isolated sections. The desiccant rotor/wheels' perforated core is impregnated with a desiccant type material which has the capability of capturing and retaining water vapors found in ambient air. The process section is intended as the collection and retention of the moisture/water vapors found in the ambient airflow. A blower located in the process section is provided to propel at high velocity this airflow through the rotor, where the desiccant material retains the moisture and the airflow which is discharged through the process outlet is delivered dry to the enclosure.

Simultaneously, another blower located in the reactivation section propels the airflow which passes through the reactivation section. This airflow comes in contact and is heated by a series of hollow serpentine coils which have an internal heated fluid which flows through it. The high heat radiated off the coils is transferred through the coils and onto the airflow substantially raising the temperature as it comes in contact with the rotor surface. As the hot airflow passes through the perforated rotor, this process deactivates the desiccant material enabling it to release the moisture into the airflow transporting the damp air through a discharge outlet to the ambient atmosphere.

This perpetual process allows the rotor's core desiccant material to release the moisture build-up as it rotates through the reactivation section and then rotating back into the process section where it resumes the removal of water vapor/moisture in the process airflow.

The Microwave Reactivation System is comprised of two separate sections working together. The microwave section is made up of an explosion-proof outer cabinet with an inner casing which includes a cavity with inner surfaces thereof forming a microwave heating chamber. A shielding plate forming a compartment located above the microwave heating chamber is to provide housing for the microwave power transformation components therein, such as; magnetron, high voltage transformer, diode, capacitor and other operational components.

In the preferred embodiment, the Microwave Reactivation System is comprised of two separate coil assemblies combined as part of a single closed-loop system. They are mounted and firmly secured in place by using a series of shock resistant mounting brackets. There is a glass-ceramic coil assembly which is mounted in the microwave heating chamber and linked at two points to a metallic coil assembly which is mounted in the reactivation section. These coil assemblies are firmly linked at two opposite points by means of fittings and seals which are securely connected to separate pumps, one for supply and the other for return. The pumps ensure a steady and continuous heater fluid flow from the microwave section to the reactivation section and back again. These pumps are oppositely located in a shielding plate forming a compartment in between the microwave heating chamber and the reactivation section. This closed-loop circuit passes through both the microwave heating chamber in the microwave section and the reactivation section of the dehumidification system. The hollow coil is constructed of one length and designed as a closed loop line, in which flows a heat transfer fluid, such as a; thermal oil or heater liquid, used to carry thermal energy. The fluid is continuously heated within the microwave section as it is pumped and circulates through the heating chamber and transferring the accumulated thermal energy/heat to the coils which radiate onto the airflow as it passes through the reactivation section. The fluid uninterrupted movement is ensured by the installation and operation of one or several explosion-proof pumps within the assembly. This ensures the circulation of the heated fluid from the heating chamber located in the microwave section onto the reactivation section and back again in a continuous process.

This Microwave Reactivation System therefore generates the heat source and airflow temperature rise which is required to properly deactivate the desiccant material found in the rotor core, so that it can release the accumulated moisture/water vapors into the airstream being discharged to the ambient atmosphere.

The enormous benefits of the Microwave Reactivation System is that it performs its primary function of providing a reactivation heat source, while greatly reducing the energy requirement for heat generation and overall power consumption of the desiccant dehumidification system. This important energy savings allow for the dehumidification systems to be more widely accessible and available in standard and critical hazardous applications which would have been previously unserviceable due to power supply limitations. The high energy requirements usually associated with the use of standard dehumidification units is eliminated with the adaption of this microwave reactivation system.

Present sources of heat generation utilized in reactivation sections such as; electric heating elements, account for the major share of operating energy of a desiccant or mechanical dehumidification system. Because of the greatly reduced electrical power requirements needed to operate the microwave reactivation system, it therefore allows the dehumidification technology to be operated at optimum performance in environments and applications found onshore, offshore, marine and military, where power availability may be limited and or utilized for other critical operational requirements.

The explosion-proof cabinet construction of the heating chamber part of the Microwave Reactivation System can be constructed and installed in an existing explosion-proof dehumidification system ref.: U.S. Pat. No. 7,308,798 B2, for use and operation in hazardous locations.

The Microwave Reactivation System can be also incorporated and adapted to standard non-explosion-proof dehumidification systems such as; desiccant units requiring heat for reactivation and HVAC units which use a combination of heating and cooling in the dehumidification process.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The description which follows and the embodiments described therein are provided by way if illustration of an example, or examples of particular embodiments of principles and aspects of the present invention. These examples are provided for the purpose of explanation and not of limitation, of those principles of the invention.

In the description that follows, like parts are marked throughout the specification and the drawings with the same respective reference numerals. With regards to the nomenclature, the term “explosion-proof” as it is used throughout the specification in connection with the Microwave Reactivation SystemFIGS. 3,4,5,6,7herein and or any electrical components, parts or modules as part of the microwave reactivation system33, means that the enclosure thereof is capable of withstanding the pressure of an explosion or of an explosive mixture exploding inside the enclosure without rupture and capable of preventing the propagation of an explosion inside the enclosure to the atmosphere surrounding the enclosure. Referring toFIGS. 3,4,5,6and7, the Microwave Reactivation System as shown will be identified throughout the description by the numeral33. Referring toFIGS. 1,3,4,5,8,9and10, there is shown a dehumidification system identified throughout the description as numeral31and illustrated onFIG. 1unit views1,2,3and4.

As will be explained in greater detail below, that the dehumidification system31is operable to remove moisture/humidity from the air in a specific enclosed space (not shown). The dehumidification system31FIGS. 1,3,4,5,8,9and10can be installed inside or outside of an enclosed space and the dry air distributed by using duct work tubing. By using the microwave reactivation system33FIGS. 4,5,6,7in an explosion-proof designed casing34FIGS. 3 and 4as part of an overall explosion-proof dehumidification system31which can be used near or within an enclosure located in a hazardous environment. A perfect example is a location identified as Class. 1—Division/Zone 2 as defined in the 2002 edition of the Canadian Electrical Code, Part 1, Section 18 entitled “Hazardous Locations”, published by the CSA Canadian Standards Association, Toronto, Ontario; the disclosure of which is hereby incorporated for reference. In such a location, flammable gas or vapors may be present in the air in quantities sufficient to produce an explosive or ignitable mixture.

However, while this hazard does not normally exist, it may occur under abnormal conditions. Examples of such hazardous locations include offshore installations and drilling platforms, nuclear plants, petrochemical/chemical plants, oil refineries military live installations and armament storage facilities, etc. . . . As it will be explained below in greater detail, that an explosion-proof dehumidification system31FIGS. 1,3,4,5,8,9and10is designed with a microwave reactivation system33FIGS. 4,5,6,7in an explosion-proof casing34FIGS. 3 and 4would be well-suited for a safe deployment in such hazardous and volatile locations.

The dehumidification system31unit views1,2,3,4,FIG. 1is supported and mounted inside a rectangular box-like, rigid steel frame16FIG. 3. This frame16FIG. 3is constructed from several structural members assembled from top to bottom as; longitudinal beams17a, b, base longitudinal beams17c, dFIG. 3, transversal beams22a, b, cwith22d, e, supporting the electrical panel30and (PLC) programmable logistic controller panel29. Vertical posts18a, b, c, d, e, fFIG. 3with18g, h, supporting the PLC panel29and plug-in power cable connector panel28and diagonal brace members19a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h,FIG. 3. There is also a u-shaped beam23comprised of a small longitudinal beam and two small transversal beams which surrounds and supports the PLC panel29and plug-in power cable connector panel28and attaches to the vertical posts18c, e,providing support and sturdiness. There are three additional small longitudinal beams24,25,26located behind the PLC panel and plug-in power cable connector panel which are attached to the vertical posts18gand18halso providing support and sturdiness to this framework surrounding the control and electrical panels of the dehumidification system31. The frame16FIG. 3also includes two base feet20aand20bFIG. 3located at both ends for positioning on a structural support surface as well as two sleeve channels21a, b,FIG. 3located in the base center for fork lifting and four corner lifting points27a, b, c, dFIG. 3located at the top corners of the frame, for inserting the hooks of a sling assembly to enable manipulation and displacement on a roof, floor or platform.

In the preferred embodiment, the dehumidification unit frame16is constructed of stainless steel and the cabinet/casing34is constructed of stainless steel or aluminum in order to prevent rust accumulation, corrosion and deterioration even when used in abrasive environments, such as offshore marine applications. In an alternate embodiment, an epoxy coated resistant steel frame16and cabinet32type construction may also be used.

Therefore, the dehumidification system31FIGS. 1,3,4,5,8,9and10is well supported by this frame structure16and benefits from enhanced and secured portability in all environments and locations. It can be transported and deployed with ease to various temporary or permanent work sites and facilities. As shown inFIGS. 1,3,4,5,8,9and10the frame16FIG. 3is open to thereby facilitate and enable access to the overall dehumidification system31FIGS. 1 and 3cabinet32FIGS. 1 and 3in order to verify the components and perform routine maintenance and repairs. However it must be understood that in an alternative embodiment, the frame16could be constructed with an outer shell, panels or walls which would encapsulate and form a structural enclosure which would house the dehumidification system31FIGS. 1 and 3as well as its operating components including the Microwave Reactivation System as described in33FIGS. 4,5,6and7. The construction of such an enclosed structure would definitely provide additional enhanced environmental protection for the dehumidification system31FIG. 1and the microwave reactivation system33FIGS. 4,5,6and7.

The overall design can be explained in an exemplary application, where an explosion-proof dehumidification system31which is designed and equipped with the Microwave Reactivation System33FIGS. 4,5,6,7is encased in an explosion-proof housing34FIG. 3that can be deployed on a work site which is categorized as a hazardous environment or location. On the other hand the same Microwave Reactivation System33FIGS. 4,5,6,7could be incorporated in a standard desiccant dehumidification or HVAC system as heat generating source, in order to greatly reduce power requirements and electrical consumption while enabling heat generation in these systems in order for them to perform efficiently. The control of negative effects such as corrosion and failures on materials, systems and components created by high humidity, moisture on work sites such as; offshore, marine, etc. . . . are of crucial and extreme importance. In addition, coupled with the hazardous locations and volatile environments which may potentially exist, adds a major concern for the coating, blasting and resurfacing work of metal surfaces to remove protective coatings thereby exposing the underlying metal surfaces to the ambient air. Maintenance procedures and work which must be performed on mechanical systems, electrical/electronic equipment and components are also seriously affected and compromised by these high humidity conditions. If the level of humidity in contact with these substances is left unchecked or uncontrolled, the exposed metal surfaces will corrode, deteriorate and or fail before the new protective coating can be applied. Mechanical systems, electrical equipment and electronic components are also at risk of corrosion, deterioration and operational failure if exposed to these same uncontrolled damp and humid conditions.

Deployment of the dehumidification system31FIGS. 1,3,4on the work site will substantially reduce the moisture concentration within an enclosure or area and therefore, mitigate and greatly reduce the risk of corrosion, deterioration and subsequently system failure. In addition, by incorporating the Microwave Reactivation System33FIGS. 4,5,6and7in the dehumidification system31FIGS. 1,3,4this will enable to achieve important reductions in electrical power requirement and consumption without compromising and delivering optimum system performance. This highly important benefit acquired when using the Microwave Reactivation System33FIGS. 4,5,6and7will enable the capacity to achieve substantial energy savings without compromising on the advantages of the dehumidification system and technology31. The inclusion of the microwave reactivation system33into the dehumidification system31will enable highly effective dehumidification and the capability to operate in areas, applications and sites with limitations on energy and electrical power supply availability. Given the portability of the dehumidification system31FIGS. 1,3,4which is designed and equipped with the Microwave Reactivation System33FIGS. 4,5,6and7this allows for rapid movement to another application or work site within the facility once the various work projects such as corrosion maintenance or resurfacing and recoating have been completed. In reference to the construction,FIGS. 2,4demonstrate the components of the dehumidification system31FIGS. 1,3,4which includes; a desiccant rotor or wheel assembly5FIGS. 2,4with a process section35FIGS. 2,4,5,6,7,8,9and a microwave heating chamber36FIGS. 4,5,6,7as part of the reactivation or regeneration section38FIGS. 2,4,5,6,7and9.

The process airflow13FIGS. 2 and 4is drawn through the process section35FIGS. 2,4,6and the perforated desiccant rotor/wheel assembly5core material6FIGS. 2,4,6,7by means of a high static suction blower and motor assembly14FIGS. 2,4,9which draws through and propels the dry process airflow13and discharging it to the enclosed space or zone to be dehumidified and treated. The Microwave Reactivation System33FIGS. 4,5,6,7includes the microwave heating chamber36FIGS. 4,5,6,7which incorporates the glass ceramic coils assembly39and the reactivation section38which incorporates the reactivation metallic coils assembly9. The Microwave Reactivation System33is used for heating of the reactivation airflow15FIGS. 2,4,6,7prior to it coming in contact with the desiccant core material6in the desiccant rotor/wheel assembly5FIGS. 2,4,6and7.

A second high static suction blower8FIGS. 2,3,4,8draws the reactivation airflow15which has been heated as it flows through the reactivation metallic coils assembly9and desiccant rotor/wheel assembly5perforated core material6FIGS. 2,4,6and7. This heated reactivation airflow15has a deactivating effect on the desiccant core material's6retention properties which enables the desiccant core material6to release the trapped moisture vapors into the reactivation airflow15FIGS. 2,4,6and7. This hot and moisture laden reactivation airflow15is drawn downstream and discharged outside into the ambient environment away from the dehumidified and treated space or enclosure.

A (PLC) programmable logistical controller panel29FIGS. 3,4,5,8,9,10is responsible for governing the various ongoing operations of the systems and components of the dehumidification system31and particularly the actuation of the Microwave Reactivation System33FIGS. 4,5,6,7which includes the thermal fluid (not shown), the circulation supply40and return41pumpsFIGS. 4 and 6and the microwave reactivation system high voltage part40componentsFIG. 6such as; magnetron41, HV transformer42, capacitor43, diode44, electrical conduit45, wave guide46and stirrer blades and motor assembly47. The PLC controller panel29FIGS. 3,4,5,8,9,10also governs the reactivation8and process14blowersFIGS. 2 and 4, the desiccant rotor/wheel rotation motor & assembly11FIGS. 2,4,5,8, and controls the operation of the dehumidification system31. The PLC controller panel29is assisted by input received from various airflow and temperature sensors48,49,50FIG. 6located in the microwave heating chamber36, the reactivation section38down flow and aft of the metallic coils assembly39and the process section down flow and aft of the desiccant rotor/wheel assembly5. The electrical box with bolted lid30, the (PLC) programmable logistic controller29and plug-in power cable connector panel28FIGS. 3,4,5,8,9,10are housed in a generally square or rectangular design protective type enclosures. The PLC controller panel29has a hinged lid and screw type fasteners50FIGS. 3 and 4and angles at various points for attachment and tight sealing of the lid. The electrical box30, PLC controller panel29and the plug-in power cable connector panel28protective type enclosures can be designed as standard or explosion-proof rated enclosures.

In the preferred design, the electrical box30, PLC controller panel29and plug-in power cable connector panel28protective enclosures are constructed of either stainless steel or of aluminum. Referring toFIGS. 2,4and5, the desiccant rotor/wheel assembly5FIGS. 2,4,5,6,7,8is housed in a rectangular shaped cabinet32FIGS. 1,3,4,5,8,9,10supported on cross members20a, bFIGS. 1 and 3of the unit frame16.

In the preferred embodiment, the cabinet32FIGS. 1,3is constructed from stainless or from welded aluminum, coated with a durable resistant enamel or air-dry polyurethane corrosion resistant paint steel in order to resist corrosion. The cabinet16FIGS. 1,3,4,5,8,9and10includes top and bottom walls, front and rear spaced walls and opposed side walls as shown. As shown in unit view2FIG. 1andFIGS. 5 and 8adjacent the bottom wall, the front wall has the process inlet51and the reactivation outlet54. The process inlet51is to allow airflow to pass into the process section35FIGS. 2 and 4through the desiccant rotor/wheel assembly5. Mounted at the process inlet51FIGS. 2,3,4there could be installed an intake filter (not shown) for removing airborne contaminants or dust particles found in the ingested process airflow13prior to it entering the process section35and through the desiccant rotor/wheel assembly5and core material6. The intake filter (not shown) installation in some applications tends to prevent the dust particles from accumulating within the process section35FIGS. 2 and 4and clogging the desiccant rotor/wheel assembly5core material6channels7which will affect the performance of the desiccant rotor/wheel5and the overall operating dehumidification system31FIG. 1.

In the preferred embodiment, the intake filter (not shown) would be located at the process inlet51and is constructed as a metallic mesh filter which is washable and can be removed for cleaning and rinsing of dust and particles. As also shown in unit view2FIG. 1andFIGS. 2,4,5,8the front wall also has a reactivation outlet54wet air discharge which permits the reactivation airflow15to flow through the desiccant rotor/wheel assembly5core material6, out from the reactivation section38and expelled through the reactivation outlet54for the evacuation of the wet air discharge into the atmosphere. In an alternate embodiment, there could be installed in reactivation outlet54a manually operated damper assembly (not shown) including at least (1) one or more rotating louvers for selectively restricting the airflow out of the reactivation outlet54. The use of this feature can increase the heat retention within the reactivation section38which will in turn increase the efficiency of the desiccant rotor/wheel assembly5core material6by accelerating the deactivation and drastically affecting the retention capabilities of the desiccant core material6, which in turn speeds up the drying out of the desiccant core material6within the desiccant rotor/wheel assembly5as it rotates back into the process section35to resume its sorption (adsorption) operating cycle. In the preferred embodiment, there are (2) two explosion-proof rated high static suction blowers and motor assemblies; one is a forward curved blower with direct drive motor assembly14is located in the process section35and the other an axial type blower with direct drive motor assembly8is located in the reactivation section38FIGS. 2 and 4.

In both the process section35and the reactivation section38the blowers and direct drive motor assemblies housings55and56FIGS. 2 and 4are secured within and to the cabinet32compartment bases, sides and upper walls by means of reinforced L and C shaped brackets and clamps (not shown) with bolt and nut assemblies (not shown). As viewed inFIGS. 2 and 4, the process outlet52allows for the discharge of the dry process airflow13which is drawn through the desiccant rotor/wheel assembly5core material6channels7in the process section35by the forward curved high static blower14driven by an electric direct drive motor (not shown) and through the process outlet52directly into the enclosure to be dehumidified. In an alternative embodiment, mounted in the process outlet52(dry air supply) there could be a manually operated damper assembly (not shown) including at least (1) one or more rotating louvers for selectively restricting the dry process airflow13out of the process outlet52(dry air supply) to increase the air pressure when required to the dehumidified area or enclosure. The second blower and motor assembly8FIGS. 2 and 4is located in the reactivation section38outlet54and is a high static axial type blower with direct drive motor assembly8installed and secured within and to the cabinet32compartment. As viewed inFIGS. 2 and 4, this high static axial type blower8discharges out of the reactivation outlet54the hot moisture laden reactivation airflow15which is drawn into the reactivation intake, through the Microwave Reactivation System33heating coils assembly9and flowing through the perforated desiccant rotor/wheel assembly5core material6. This high static suction blower8is driven by an electric direct drive motor (not shown).

In an alternative embodiment, mounted in the reactivation outlet54(wet air discharge) there could be a manually operated damper assembly (not shown) including at least (1) one or more rotating louvers for selectively restricting the airflow15out of the reactivation outlet54. This restriction of the reactivation airflow15induces the temperature within the reactivation section38to rise, which has the effect of further deactivating the desiccant rotor/wheel5core material6retention capabilities. This restriction induces the core material6to release into the reactivation airflow15greater quantities and more rapidly its accumulated moisture. This damper assembly is only utilized as required. In the preferred embodiment, as viewed inFIGS. 2 and 4both of the electric direct drive motors (not shown) used for driving the high static suction blowers14and8in the process35and reactivation38sections are completely enclosed and designed to be explosion-proof or intrinsically safe for use in hazardous environments. However it will be appreciated and understood that the electric direct drive motors which drive the process and reactivation section blowers14and8need not be electric motors.

In alternative embodiments, there may be installed either hydraulic, pneumatic or steam driven motors designed and approved with hazardous location classification, which could be utilized to accomplish the same task of driving the process section35high static suction blower14and reactivation section38high static suction blower8. As shown in unit view1and3FIG. 1andFIGS. 3,4,9adjacent the bottom wall, the rear wall has the process outlet52and the reactivation inlet53.

The process outlet52allows for the discharge of the dry process airflow13which is drawn through the desiccant rotor/wheel assembly5core material6in the process section35by the forward curved high static blower14. This high static blower14is located at the process outlet52installed and secured firmly within the cabinet32compartment. The forward curved high static blower14is driven by an electric direct drive explosion-proof motor (not shown). The dry process airflow13is in turn discharged and propelled at high velocity through the process outlet52directly into the enclosure or area to be dehumidified and treated. As also shown in unit views1and3FIG. 1andFIGS. 3,4,9the rear wall also has a reactivation inlet53which permits the ambient air to flow into the reactivation section38. In an alternate embodiment, mounted at the intake of the reactivation inlet53there could be installed an intake filter (not shown) for removing airborne contaminants or dust particles found in the incoming airflow entering the reactivation section. Installation of these intake filters in some applications tends to prevent the dust particles from accumulating within the reactivation38or process35sectionsFIGS. 2 and 4eventually clogging the desiccant rotor/wheel assembly5core material6channels7which will affect the performance of the desiccant rotor/wheel5core material6and the overall operating system.

The type intake filters will now be explained in detail. In the preferred embodiment, there are installed two (2) industrial type metallic mesh filters (not shown) to avoid ingestion of dust particles and or foreign objects.

As shown in unit views2and4FIGS. 1,3,4, one of these filters (not shown) is located at the intake of the process inlet51and the other at the intake of the reactivation inlet53. The filters (not shown) are constructed of metallic mesh which is washable and can be removed for cleaning and rinsing of dust and particles.

The invention; Microwave Reactivation System33for Standard and Explosion-Proof Dehumidification System will now be explained in greater detail. As viewed inFIGS. 2,4,6and7, the reactivation airflow15is drawn into the intake53of the reactivation section38, flowing through the microwave reactivation system super heated metallic coils assembly9. The reactivation airflow15air temperature is rapidly raised to a set point (approx. 200 to 250 degrees F.) prior to coming in contact with the desiccant rotor/wheel assembly5core material6. The super heated reactivation airflow15passing through the desiccant core material6demagnetizes the core material6channels7which are impregnated with a desiccant coating. This high heat within the reactivation airflow15creates a deactivating effect on the retention properties of the core material6which in turn allows for in some cases greater release of moisture vapors/water droplets into the reactivation airflow15and discharged through the reactivation outlet54to ambient. Mounted in the reactivation outlet is a manually operated damper assembly (not shown) including at least (1) one or more rotating louvers for selectively restricting the air flow out of the reactivation outlet54.

As previously mentioned, the use of this feature in some applications may be recommended in order to increase the heat retention within the reactivation section38which will in turn deactivate the retention capabilities of the desiccant core material6inducing a greater and more rapid release of moisture vapors embedded in the desiccant rotor/wheel assembly5core material6.

Therefore, the inducing of increased temperature within the reactivation section38, will in some operational cases promote a faster drying out of the desiccant core material6so that it can resume its moisture retention capabilities as it rotates back into the process section35also known as the sorption (adsorption) cycle. As viewed in unit views1,2,3FIG. 1andFIGS. 3,4,5,8and9, both of the process section inlet51and outlet ports52as well as the reactivation inlet53and outlet54ports are designed and adapted to receive flexible or rigid ducting for air recirculation and distribution. Given the enclosed tubular design, ducting is also used to maintain airflow pressure enabling the delivery and distribution of dry air to specific target areas to be dehumidified that are not in proximity to the dehumidification unit31. As shown inFIG. 3that the side wall has outer access panels56ato56iwith latch assemblies (not shown) which lock and unlock to allow for easy access during servicing and maintenance. These panels56ato56h(except56b)FIG. 4enable quick access to all the dehumidification unit31operational systems and major components.

These operational components include; desiccant rotor/wheel assembly5and rotation motor assembly11FIGS. 2,4, microwave reactivation system33FIGS. 4,6,7which includes the high voltage part40and components41to47, the microwave heating chamber36which houses the glass-ceramic coils assembly39, the reactivation section38which incorporates the metallic coils assembly9and the supply and return thermal fluid circulation pumps40and41. Other accessible components within the process35and reactivation38sections are the high static blowers with direct drive motor assemblies8and14. All of these access panels56ato56h(except56b)FIG. 4may be designed and provided with a small window (not shown) in order to allow for visual inspection of the various components including more specifically the desiccant rotor/wheel assembly5and rotation motor assembly11, the blowers and motor assemblies8and14and particularly the Microwave Reactivation System33and its various components. The other cabinet32side wall access panel56bFIG. 4allows for access to the compartment used during shipment of the dehumidification system's31for storage of the quick disconnect electrical supply cables (not shown) and flexible ducting sleeves (not shown) used for air distribution. With reference to the desiccant rotor/wheel assembly5FIGS. 2,4,5,6and8it is mounted upright and perpendicular to the base within the cabinet32accessed through panel56fbetween two interior walls thereof as shown onFIG. 4which are located fwd and aft of the desiccant rotor/wheel assembly5. The desiccant rotor/wheel assembly5is supported on two (2) sets of roller bearings58FIGS. 2,4,5,8permanently affixed at the base at the 5 and 7 o'clock positions.

The desiccant rotor/wheel assembly5outer metallic shell57rests on these (2) two sets of roller bearings58providing not only support but allowing for rotational movement of the desiccant rotor/wheel assembly5about its longitudinal axis as it operates within the process section and reactivation section which incorporates the Microwave Reactivation System.33.

In the preferred embodiment, there is an explosion-proof electric drive motor11FIGS. 2,4,5,8, which provides for driving rotation of the desiccant rotor/wheel assembly5along its longitudinal axis. In the case where a standard non-explosion-proof motor is installed, in order to mitigate and avoid the hazard of explosion caused by sparking from brush contacts within the electric motor, the electric drive rotation motor11can also be encapsulated within a housing (not shown) classified with an explosion-proof rating. In an alternative embodiment and design adapted for some applications, the electric drive rotation motor11may include an internal ventilation fan for cooling the electric drive rotation motor11. Alternatively, the electric drive rotation motor11may be designed and fitted with an air bleed/purging device (not shown). This air bleed/purging device can build up a positive pressure of air within the casing in order to decrease any build-up of flammable gases or volatile vapors and maintain conditions within tolerable and acceptable levels. This device prevents and avoids explosive volatile gases and vapor accumulation and expanding into the electrical sources which could cause high risk of sparking and igniting.

Though the preferred embodiment demonstrates the use of an electric drive rotation motor11, it must be appreciated that in other alternative embodiments, the motor could be powered and driven pneumatically or hydraulically in order to perform the same function. As shown inFIGS. 2,4,5,8the electric drive rotation motor11is connected to the desiccant rotor/wheel assembly5by way of a gearbox (not shown) which in turn drives a self-tension drive belt12FIGS. 2,4,5,6,8. The gearbox (not shown) provides for drive rotation motor11speed to be reduced allowing for the specified desiccant rotor/wheel assembly5rotations to be achieved.

In the preferred embodiment, the desiccant rotor/wheel assembly5is driven to complete one full rotation every 8 to 10 minutes. The rotations could vary according to the diameter and thickness of the desiccant rotor/wheel assembly5as well as the specific applications and operational environment where it may be utilized. The electric drive rotation motor11is connected to a junction box (not shown) designed and rated explosion-proof. The electric drive rotation motor11is connected to the (PLC) programmable logic controller panel29FIGS. 3,4,5,8,10rated explosion-proof for hazardous location, through an electrical conduit system (not shown) assembled within the dehumidification system frame16FIGS. 3,4,5,8,9,10for protection from the external environment and elements. This electrical conduit system (not shown) is internally comprised of electrical lines (not shown) which are encapsulated within the conduit in a sealed metal tubing (not shown) and connected to the junction box. (not shown).

In an alternative embodiment, it must be appreciated that the electrical conduit system which houses the electrical lines/wiring which are linked to the junction box may be designed and housed externally on the unit. As best demonstrated inFIGS. 2,4,6the desiccant rotor/wheel assembly5includes an electrically conductive outer metallic shell or casing57and a monolithic core which is the desiccant core material6. In the preferred embodiment, the outer casing or shell57is made of aluminum. However, it will be appreciated that in alternative embodiments, other type of electrically conductive alloys or metals could also be used in the fabrication of the desiccant rotor/wheel assembly5outer shell or casing57. The core of the desiccant material6as shown inFIG. 2is perforated and has a matrix made up of small uniformed tunnels or channels7with honeycomb, circular or square like shaped walls. These small uniformed channels7run parallel to the axis of the airflow (both the process35and reactivation38). The desiccant core material6tunnel walls are constructed of a non-metallic, non-corrosive inert composite. The walls are made of extruded fiberglass paper fibers with an opening measuring at least 5 microns in diameter and are coated/impregnated with a solid desiccant type material which could preferably be, but is not limited to; silica gel, titanium silica gel, molecular sieve or lithium chloride, including other types of desiccant materials which can withstand repeated temperature fluctuations and moisture cycling. The desiccant material is evenly spread throughout the core6FIG. 2of the desiccant rotor/wheel assembly5.

When the desiccant core material6is cool and dry, it extracts the moisture from the airflow13(called sorption) because of its low vapor concentration and pressure in comparison to the incoming airflow which usually has a higher vapor concentration. Conversely, the desiccant core material6will release moisture as it is induced by the heated airflow15(called desorption) because under these conditions the desiccant material will tend to have a high vapor concentration and pressure which is released by the introduction of heat. The desiccant rotor/wheel assembly5FIGS. 2 and 4is considered to be an active desiccant rotor/wheel because it performs its tasks of sorption and desorption by continuously rotating about its longitudinal axis, passing through the process35and reactivation38cycles and back for reuse in a perpetual process. This alternating cycle from high to low vapor pressuresFIGS. 2 and 4enables the sorption of moisture from the process airflow35and desorption, releasing moisture into the reactivation/regeneration airflow38.

In the preferred embodiment, as shown onFIGS. 2,4,6and7the desiccant dehumidification system31uses reactivation airflow15which is heated by the microwave reactivation system33metallic coils assembly9located within the reactivation section38. This heated reactivation airflow15has a demagnetizing effect as it passes through the channels7of the desiccant core material6within the desiccant rotor/wheel assembly5which in turn releases the moisture back into the reactivation airflow15which is discharged to ambient.

Because the moisture removal in the desiccant rotor/wheel assembly5core material6occurs in the vapor phase, there is no liquid condensate. Therefore, the desiccant dehumidification system31can continue to extract moisture from the process airflow13even when the dewpoint of the process airflow13is below freezing. Consequently, in comparison to the conventional heating cooling hybrid or refrigerant based dehumidification systems, the desiccant dehumidification system31tends to be extremely more versatile in various climatic conditions and certainly better suited to operate in regions having cold and humid climates.

In the preferred embodiment, the desiccant rotor/wheel assembly5is installed and utilized within the standard or explosion-proof desiccant dehumidification system31and can be supplied by any approved desiccant rotor/wheel manufacturer which meets the industry standards and approved equipment specifications.

In the preferred embodiment, the portion of the core6of the desiccant rotor/wheel assembly5which is reactivated or regeneratedFIG. 2is sectioned off by a V-shaped partition member59FIG. 2which is mounted in the cabinet32and which isolates and segregates a pie-shaped section approximately ¼ (one-quarter) of the desiccant rotor/wheel assembly5core material6from the remaining portion of the core6thereof, which defines the reactivation section38of the desiccant rotor/wheel assembly5.

The remaining portion approximately ¾ (three-quarters) of the desiccant rotor/wheel assembly5core material6FIG. 2defines the process section35of the desiccant rotor/wheel assembly5. The reactivation portion of the desiccant rotor/wheel assembly5core material6may cover between one-quarter to one third of the surface core material6area of the desiccant rotor/wheel assembly5. In the preferred embodiment, the reactivation portion of the desiccant rotor/wheel assembly5core material6covers one-quarter of the surface core area. As shown inFIGS. 2,4,5,8, during the operation of the dehumidification system31, the portions of the desiccant rotor/wheel assembly5core material6which define the process section35and the reactivation section38are constantly changing as a result of the rotation of the desiccant rotor/wheel assembly5by the electric drive rotation motor11which are linked by a rotation belt12. Accordingly, as the portion of the desiccant rotor/wheel assembly5core material6that is exposed to the process airflow13defines the process section35, likewise the portion of the desiccant rotor/wheel assembly5core material6that is exposed to the reactivation airflow15defines the reactivation section38. Passing through three-quarters (75%) portionFIGS. 2,4,5,8of the desiccant rotor/wheel assembly5core material6surface, the process airflow13is drawn by means of a high static blower14FIGS. 2 and 4into the process intake51through the process section35and propelled by the high static type blower14through the process outlet52.

Simultaneously, the reactivation airflow15travelling in the direction opposite to that of the process airflow13is drawn into the reactivation intake53by means of a high static axial type blower8through a series of parallel super heated metallic coils assembly9part of the microwave reactivation system33within the reactivation section38. The reactivation airflow15continues its path through the V-shaped one-quarter (25%) portion of the desiccant rotor/wheel assembly5core material6surface. The reactivation airflow15which is saturated with moisture vapors is then expelled by the high static axial type blower8and discharged through the reactivation outlet54to ambient. As shown inFIGS. 2,4,5,8, it will thus be understood that as it rotates, the desiccant rotor/wheel assembly5processes two completely separate, counter-flowing or opposing airflows within its two sections; the process section35and the reactivation section38. Two (2) pressure seals60FIGS. 2,4,6mounted fore and aft of the desiccant rotor/wheel assembly5at the extremities of the outer shell rim and at the edges of V-shaped partition member59FIG. 2are provided in order to separate and completely isolate the process airflow13from the reactivation airflow15and eliminate any possible air leakage or moisture crossover within the two operating sections located in the dehumidification system31cabinet32.

In the preferred embodiment, the frame16FIGS. 1,3,4,5,8,9,10will serve as ground, but it will be appreciated that in other embodiments, an alternative ground system including an electrical ground could be utilized.

With reference toFIGS. 4,5,6, and7the Microwave Reactivation System33will now be described in greater detail. The Microwave Reactivation System33can be installed in either a standard or explosion-proof rated desiccant dehumidification system31.

In the preferred embodiment, the microwave heating chamber36part of the Microwave Reactivation System33is encapsulated in an explosion-proof type construction casing34including the microwave electrical and electronic high voltage part40components for use in hazardous locations and volatile environments.

This Microwave Reactivation System33FIGS. 4,5,6,7rapidly produces intense heat by generating electromagnetic RF waves which pass through materials and fluids, causing the molecules within to move rapidly in excitation, causing atomic motion which generates heat. In the preferred embodiment, the medium used to store and transmit this heat is a synthetic thermal fluid (not shown) located in the hollow coils assemblies9and39of the closed-loop circuit. As illustrated inFIGS. 2,4,6,7this thermal fluid is moved by means of supply40and return41pumps, flowing through a first parallel series of glass ceramic coils assembly39located in the microwave heating chamber36where the fluid molecules are treated and exposed to electromagnetic waves causing excitation, high temperature rise and heat generation within the fluid. This super heated thermal fluid (not shown) is then pumped and flows through a second parallel series of metallic coils assembly9located in the compartment below called the reactivation section35coming in direct contact and in the path of the reactivation airflow15.

The heat transfer from the super heated thermal fluid (not shown) within the metallic coils assembly9in the reactivation section38substantially raises the temperature of the reactivation airflow15as it comes in contact and passes across the surface of the metallic coils assembly9. This heated reactivation airflow15is then used to deactivate the perforated desiccant core material6within the desiccant rotor/wheel assembly5as it flows through it. This heated airflow has a demagnetizing effect on the desiccant core material6enabling it to release the retained accumulated moisture, exhausting it through the reactivation outlet54to ambient. This heat generating reactivation process38removes the moisture vapors from the desiccant core material6greatly lowering its moisture vapor concentration and pressure enabling the desiccant core material6to be re-energized for reuse in the air dehumidification process section35. In an alternative embodiment and in the spirit of the invention, the microwave reactivation system33is designed and can be utilized as a heat generating system and also installed not only in desiccant dehumidification system31but also in any mechanical heating/cooling hybrid or refrigerant type dehumidification system (not shown) that must generate and incorporate a heat source in order to successfully accomplish the dehumidification process.

In the above mentioned types of dehumidification systems which are included, a heat source is required in order to raise the ambient intake airflow temperature, expanding the air volume and then allowing the refrigerant cooling coils to rapidly cool down the processed airflow as it passes through.

This enables the extraction of the suspended moisture vapors suspended within the airflow through condensation. Therefore, the Microwave Reactivation System33can also be a modular system that can be adapted to retrofit any conventional air treatment and conditioning, mechanical power or heat generating systems to provide a highly effective and cost efficient super heat generating source.

The Microwave Reactivation System33FIGS. 4,5,6,7power generation is divided into two parts, the control part29and the high-voltage part40. In the preferred embodiment, the control part is actually comprised of the programmable logic controller also referred to as PLC panel29and of which the casing is explosion-proof in design. The PLC panel29controls and governs the power output and desired operational settings, monitors the various system functions, interlock protections and safety devices. Also in the preferred embodiment, the components in the high-voltage part40FIG. 6are also explosion-proof rated and or encapsulated in an explosion-proof rated housing (not shown). Referring toFIG. 6, these components serve to step up the voltage to a much higher voltage which is then converted into microwave energy in the microwave heating chamber36. Generally, the control part includes either an electromechanical relay or an electronic switch called a triac (not illustrated). Once the system is turned on, sensing that all systems are “go,” the control circuit in the PLC controller panel29generates a signal that causes the relay or triac to activate, thereby producing a voltage path to the high-voltage transformer42.

By adjusting the on-off ratio of this activation signal, the control part governs the flow of voltage to the high-voltage transformer42thereby controlling the on-off ratio of the magnetron tube41and the output power to the microwave heating chamber36. In the high-voltage part40FIG. 6, the high-voltage transformer41along with a special diode44and capacitor43arrangement serve to increase the voltage to an extreme high voltage for the magnetron41. The magnetron41dynamically converts the high voltage it receives into undulating waves of electromagnetic energy. This microwave energy is then transmitted into a metal rectangular channel identified as a waveguide46which directs the microwave energy or waves into the microwave heating chamber36. The effective and even distribution of the electromagnetic energy or waves within the entire microwave heating chamber36is achieved by the revolving metal stirrer blades and motor assembly47. In the preferred embodiment,FIGS. 6 and 7, high tensile and heat resistant glass ceramic hollow tubing capable of withstanding wide temperature variations is used in the construction of the glass ceramic coils assembly39located in the microwave heating chamber36. The electromagnetic energy or waves produced by the magnetron41are dispersed by the metal stirrer blades and motor assembly47and come in contact with the entire glass ceramic coils assembly39located within the microwave heating chamber36. The thermal fluid (not shown) flowing in these hollow coils is then simultaneously treated and exposed to this electromagnetic energy causing molecular excitation, atomic motion, high temperature rise between 250-300 degrees Fahrenheit and heat generation.

This super heated thermal fluid is simultaneously siphoned and propelled by means of a supply pump40flowing into and through the metallic coils assembly9located in the compartment below called the reactivation section38.

In the preferred embodiment, as demonstrated inFIGS. 4,5,6,7the hollow tubing of the metallic coils assembly9located in the reactivation section38is constructed of steel, aluminum or other high tensile and heat resistant metal which is adaptable to extreme temperature variances and which can effectively retain and radiate heat. It is important to note that the diameter of the tubing of the metallic coils assembly9in the reactivation section38may be either smaller or of the same size in comparison to the diameter of the glass-ceramic coils assembly39in the microwave heating chamber36. Also in the preferred embodiment, the distance between the coils of the metallic coils assembly9in the reactivation section38is narrower and the number of actual coils is 1.5 times greater but in an alternate design may be up to 2 times greater in number comparatively to the glass-ceramic coils assembly39located in the microwave heating chamber36. This construction allows for a greater temperature rise and a more efficient heat transfer and distribution to the reactivation airflow15as it comes in contact passing across the surface and through the metallic coils assembly9in the reactivation section38. As shown inFIGS. 6 and 7the tightly spaced coil design of the metallic coils assembly9allows for a more effective and substantial heat transfer radiated from the heated thermal fluid onto the metal coils/tubing and radiated to the reactivation airflow15.

A temperature rise of the reactivation airflow15of 170-200 degrees is achieved as it passes through the metallic coils assembly9in the reactivation section38. This temperature rise in the reactivation airflow15and induction of high heat has an demagnetizing effect on the desiccant impregnated core material6within the desiccant rotor/wheel assembly5. This super heated reactivation airflow15induces the desiccant impregnated core material6to rapidly release its retained accumulated moisture vapors back into the reactivation airflow15discharging through the reactivation outlet54to ambient and outside of the enclosure or area which is being dehumidified. The desiccant core material6is then ready for reuse, as the desiccant rotor/wheel assembly5rotates about it longitudinal axis and back into the air dehumidification process section35. The heated thermal fluid (not shown) is simultaneously propelled and siphoned as it continues to transfer and radiate its heat as it flows through the metallic coils assembly9in the reactivation section38. As viewed onFIGS. 4 and 6, the continuous and simultaneous siphoning and propelling of the heated thermal fluid (not shown) is duplicated by means of a second pump which is the return pump41. This return pump41draws the thermal fluid back into the glass-ceramic coils assembly39in the microwave heating chamber36as part of a coils assemblies9and39closed-loop circuit. Therefore, in a perpetual cycle, the thermal fluid (not shown) undergoes repeated exposure to the microwave electromagnetic energy causing molecular excitation, atomic motion, high temperature rise between 250-300 degrees Fahrenheit and heat generation.

Consequently, the thermal fluid is the medium which moves back and forth passing through the microwave heating chamber36where it rapidly absorbs intense heat and onto the reactivation section38where it then releases this intense heat by dissipation and radiation as part of the Microwave Reactivation System33. In the preferred embodiment, inFIG. 6, the thermal fluid circulation pumps40and41are of explosion-proof construction and rating, but alternate non-explosion-proof type can be installed. The modulation and cycling of the power to the high voltage part40is governed by the PLC controller panel29with data feed provided from temperature and airflow sensors located within the dehumidification system31. As viewed onFIG. 6, there are two (2) temperature thermocouple type sensors48and49, one located in the microwave heating chamber36and the other in the reactivation section38. The temperature sensor49located in the reactivation section38has a secondary function which is that of an airflow sensor. A third sensor50functioning as an airflow sensor is located in the reactivation section38. All sensors are mounted in place by a support bracket and interconnected by cable installed in a system of electrical metallic conduits (not shown) to the control part and circuit in the (PLC) programmable logic controller panel29.

These sensors enable the detection of temperature and air pressure variations in the microwave heating chamber36, the reactivation section38and the process section35, then relay this information data to PLC controller panel29which in turn governs the high voltage part40to direct output power to the microwave heating chamber36.

Consequently, inFIG. 6the temperature thermocouple type sensor48located in the microwave heating chamber36ensures that the Microwave Reactivation System33operates and modulates as required in order to automatically generate the microwave energy needed to achieve and maintain the desired high temperature settings. These temperature settings within the microwave heating chamber36are required in order to ensure proper heat transfer to the thermal fluid as it flows through the coils assembly39in the microwave heating chamber36and into the coils assembly9in the reactivation section38. This thermocouple type sensor48detects the temperature within the microwave heating chamber36as it is emitted off of the glass-ceramic coils assembly39which contains the heat thermal fluid. As shown inFIGS. 4,5,6,7this interaction between the temperature sensor48in the microwave heating chamber36, the temperature and airflow sensor49in the reactivation section38, the airflow sensor50in the process section35provide real time data/information to the PLC controller panel29. In acquiring this information, the PLC controller panel29governs the high voltage part40part of the Microwave Reactivation System33, ensuring that the specified reactivation airflow15temperature is achieved and maintained for an effective reactivation/regeneration of the desiccant rotor/wheel assembly5core material6within the air dehumidification system31. In turn, the airflow pressure sensors49and50in both the reactivation section38and process section35ensure that proper airflow static pressure is consistently maintained. These sensors are also safety devices during operation which will identify and signal an alarm on the PLC controller panel29screen if there is a malfunction such as low reactivation temperature or drop in airflow pressure.

These sensors will also shut down the unit by signaling the control circuit in the PLC controller panel29in the case where the temperature exceeds the prescribed high temperature limit or when there is a substantial drop or loss of airflow through the system due to blockage of the inlet or outlet ports.

In the preferred embodiment, the electrical connections of these components to each other and the control part or PLC controller panel29is achieved by way of several electrical conduit systems (not shown) which are constructed and connected in part to the dehumidification system frame16, yet accessible for maintenance and verification. In the preferred embodiment, all of the electrical conduits and wiring in the dehumidification system31are designed and rated for use in hazardous and volatile environments. It will be understood that in alternative embodiments, the Microwave Reactivation System33will incorporate design modifications which will allow for variations in performance capabilities. The modifications will determine size, output capacity and operational ranges in order to adapt to any dehumidification system31requirements whether it is a standard desiccant dehumidification, HVAC or explosion-proof dehumidification system.

The following is a resume of the operation of the Microwave Reactivation System33within a dehumidification system31. As shown inFIGS. 2 and 4, upon deployment of the dehumidification system31, the desiccant rotor/wheel assembly5is driven to rotate by means of a rotation motor11and belt assembly12.

Consequently, both the process section35and reactivation section38high static blowers8and14are activated and operating. The process section35high static blower14draws through the process inlet51and filter (not shown) the airflow13from either the ambient air or from an enclosed space, defined inFIG. 2. As the process airflow13passes through the desiccant rotor/wheel assembly5core material6it is stripped of its moisture vapors which are retained by the inner channels7impregnated with a desiccant material which acts as a moisture magnet. The resultant is dry air which exits the desiccant rotor/wheel assembly5and is exhausted by means of a high static blower14from the process section35through the process outlet52into the enclosure or space that must be treated and humidity controlled. The process outlet52dry air supply high static blower14will maintain a recommended airflow static pressure for various flow rates (cubic feet per minute—CFM) of at least 2.5 to 3.0+ inches of water column (WC) to provide effective dry air distribution within the space or enclosure to be treated and dehumidified. This process section35dry airflow13supply has extremely low moisture content or greatly reduced to a predetermined or desired moisture level. Simultaneously, the reactivation section38high static blower8draws the reactivation airflow15from the ambient air and through the reactivation inlet53and filter (not shown) defined inFIG. 2.

In the preferred embodiment, the reactivation airflow15rate will be maintained at least 15 cubic meters per minute/530 cubic feet per minute. As the reactivation airflow15passes through the reactivation section38its temperature immediately increases as a result of an intense heat transfer radiated from the heated thermal fluid (not shown) within the metallic coils assembly9part of the Microwave Reactivation System33. Though there could be acceptable variations in the reactivation airflow15temperature, the recommended operating temperature of the reactivation airflow15should reach between degrees; 120 C to 150 C/250 F to 300 F. Subsequently, the super heated reactivation airflow15flows through the desiccant rotor/wheel assembly5core material6which is saturated with moisture vapors.

This super heated reactivation airflow15serves to regenerate the “V” shaped section59of the desiccant rotor/wheel assembly5core material6. The high heat has a demagnetizing effect on the inner channels7of the perforated desiccant core material6causing the desiccant core material6to release the moisture vapors back into the reactivation airflow15previously collected and retained within the desiccant rotor/wheel assembly5core material6from exposure to the process section35airflow13. The moisture laden reactivation airflow15is then discharged by means of the high static blower8through the reactivation outlet54into ambient and away from the space or enclosure to be treated and dehumidified.

It is recommended to ensure that the reactivation section38discharge temperature leaving the reactivation outlet54does not exceed degrees; 50 C/122 F. During the rotation of the desiccant rotor/wheel assembly5, prior to re-entering the process section35, the desiccant core material6is cooled down in order to greatly reduce the vapor pressure of the desiccant core material6, enhancing its tremendously effective adsorbing properties. The slow rotational speed of the desiccant rotor/wheel assembly5; full rotation once every 8 to 10 minutes, is required to enable the cooling down of the desiccant core material6.

Although the foregoing description and accompanying drawings relate to specific preferred embodiments of the present invention and specific methods of reactivation and heat generation for dehumidification systems as presently contemplated by the inventor, it will be understood that various modifications, changes and adaptations, may be made without departing in any way from the spirit of the invention.