Cosmetic compositions comprising an imidazolium derivative and branched polyethylene glycol

An aqueous foaming cosmetic composition comprising (a) from 0.1 to 7% of an imidazolinium amphoteric surfactant, (b) from about 0.1% to about 5.0% of a polyol alkoxy ester wherein the ratio of (a):(b) is from about 15:1 to about 1:1 and wherein the cleansing composition has a viscosity of at least about 150 cps (Brookfield RVT, Spindle No TB, 10 rpm, 25.degree. C.). The composition has improved foam stability, together with excellent cleansing performance and mildness. It is suitable for use as make-up and facial cleansers, foam bath, shower products, shampoos etc.

TECHNICAL FIELD 
The present invention relates to improved cosmetic cleansing compositions, 
and in particular to foaming cosmetic compositions suitable for cleansing 
the skin and/or the hair and which may be used, for example, in the form 
of make-up removal and facial cleansers, bath foams, shower products, 
shampoos and the like. 
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
Foaming cosmetic compositions must satisfy a number of criteria including 
cleansing power, foaming properties and mildness/low irritancy with 
respect to the skin, hair and the occular mucosae. 
Skin is made up of several layers of cells which coat and protect the 
keratin and collagen fibrous proteins that form the skeleton of its 
structure. The outermost of these layers, referred to as the stratum 
corneum, is known to be composed of 250 A diameter protein bundles 
surrounded by 80 A thick bilayers of epidermal lipids and water. Anionic 
surfactants can penetrate the stratum corneum membrane and, by 
delipidization (i.e. removal of the lipids from the stratum corneum), 
destroy its integrity. This destruction of the stratum corneum bilayers 
can lead to dry rough skin and may eventually permit the surfactant to 
interact with the viable epidermis, creating irritation. 
Ideal cosmetic cleansers should cleanse the skin or hair gently, causing 
little or no irritation without defatting and or drying the skin and 
without leaving skin taut after frequent use. Most lathering soaps, 
liquids and bars fail in this respect. 
Certain synthetic surfactants are known to be mild. However, a major 
drawback of most mild synthetic surfactant systems, when formulated for 
skin cleansing, is poor lather performance compared to the highest bar 
soap standards (bars which are rich in coconut soap and supernatted). On 
the other hand, the use of known high sudsing anionic surfactants with 
lather boosters can yield acceptable lather volume and quality. 
Unfortunately, however, the highest sudsing anionic surfactants are, in 
fact, poor in clinical skin mildness. Surfactants that are among the 
mildest, such as sodium lauryl glyceryl ether sulfonate, (AGS), are 
marginal in lather. These two facts make the balancing of the surfactant 
selection and the lather and skin feel benefit a delicate process. 
Rather stringent requirements for cosmetic cleansers limit the choice of 
surface-active agents, and final formulations represent some degree of 
compromise. Mildness is often obtained at the expense of effective 
cleansing, or lathering may be sacrificed for either mildness, product 
stability, or both. 
Thus a need exists for foaming cosmetic compositions which will produce a 
foam which is abundant, stable and of high quality (compactness), which 
are effective skin and hair cleansers and which are very mild to the skin, 
hair and occular mucosae. 
It has been found that the use of specific polyol alkoxy esters in 
combination with specific amphoteric surfactants provide cosmetic 
cleansing compositions with significantly improved dermal mildness 
benefits and also good physical characteristics such as foaming. 
It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide an improved 
cosmetic cleansing composition which thoroughly cleanses the skin and hair 
and which is very mild to the skin, hair and occular mucosae. 
It is a further object of the present invention to provide an improved 
cosmetic cleansing composition which is mild and which will produce a foam 
which is abundant, stable and of high quality, and which effectively 
cleans skin and hair. 
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
The present invention relates to foaming cosmetic compositions suitable for 
cleansing the skin or hair and which may be used as make-up removers and 
facial cleansers, bath foams, shower products, shampoos, and the like 
comprising: 
(a) from about 0.1% to about 7.0% by weight on a solids basis of an 
amphoteric surfactant which is an imidazolium derivative of formula I: 
##STR1## 
wherein R.sub.1 is C.sub.8 -C.sub.22 alkyl or alkenyl, R.sub.2 is hydrogen 
or CH.sub.2 COOM, Z is H, CH.sub.2 COOM, CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 COOM, or 
CH.sub.2 CHOHCH.sub.2 SO.sub.3 M, Y is H, CH.sub.2 COOM, CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 
COOM, or CH.sub.2 CHOHCH.sub.2 SO.sub.3 M and M is H, alkali metal, 
alkaline earth metal, ammonium or alkanol-ammonium; 
(b) from about 0.1% to about 5.0% of a polyol alkoxy ester; and 
(c) from about 60% to about 99.5% water; wherein the ratio of (a):(b) is 
from about 15:1 to about 1:3 and wherein the cleansing composition has a 
viscosity of at least about 150 cps (Brookfield RVT, Spindle No TB, 10 
rpm, 25.degree. C.). 
All concentrations and ratios herein are by weight of total composition and 
all measurements are at 25.degree. C., unless otherwise specified.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION 
The invention relates to a foaming cosmetic composition with superior 
mildness and excellent lathering characteristics (abundance, quality) and 
good cleansing ability. The foaming cosmetic composition take the form of 
a viscous liquid, paste or gel which has the advantage that it can be 
easily and commercially packaged in and dispensed from pump bottles or 
from tubes by squeezing. Gel form compositions are defined herein as those 
which have a viscosity (Brookfield RVT, Spindle No. TB, 10 rpm, 25.degree. 
C.) of at least 10,000 cps. Preferred from the viewpoint of flowability 
are gel compositions having a viscosity in the range from about 10,000 to 
about 50,000 cps, more preferably from about 10,000 to about 20,000 cps. 
Viscous liquids or pastes are defined herein as those having a viscosity 
(same conditions) of at least about 150 cps, preferably at least about 500 
cps and less than about 10,000 cps, and more preferably between about 
5,000 cps and about 9,000 cps. 
Surfactant 
The essential surfactant component of the compositions of the present 
invention is an amphoteric surfactant selected from imidazolinium 
surfactants of formula I 
##STR2## 
wherein R.sub.1 is C.sub.8 -C.sub.22 alkyl or alkenyl, R.sub.2 is hydrogen 
or CH.sub.2 COOM, Z is H, CH.sub.2 COOM, CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 COOM, or 
CH.sub.2 CHOHCH.sub.2 SO.sub.3 M, Y is H, CH.sub.2 COOM, CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 
COOM, or CH.sub.2 CHOHCH.sub.2 SO.sub.3 M and M is H, alkali metal, 
alkaline earth metal, ammonium or alkanolammonium; 
These amphoteric surfactants are present in the compositions of the present 
invention at a level of from about 0.1% to about 7%, preferably from about 
0.1% to about 5%, more preferably from about 0.1% to about 3% and most 
preferably from about 0.1% to about 2.5%, on a solids basis. 
Examples of suitable amphoteric surfactants for use herein include 
compounds in which R.sub.1 is C.sub.8 H.sub.17 (especially iso-capryl), 
C.sub.8 H.sub.19, C.sub.11 H.sub.23 and C.sub.12 H.sub.25 alkyl. 
Especially preferred are the compounds in which R.sub.1 is C.sub.12 
H.sub.25, Z is CH.sub.2 CO.sub.2 M, Y is CH.sub.2 COOM and R.sub.2 is H. 
These surfactants are all fully described in Miranol Products for 
Cosmetics and Toiletries Technical and Product Development, Tenth Edition 
(1987); which is incorporated by reference herein. 
It will be understood that a number of commercially-available amphoteric 
surfactants of this type are manufactured and sold in the form of 
complexes with anionic surfactants, especially those of the sulfated 
C.sub.8 -C.sub.18 alcohol or C.sub.8 -C.sub.18 acyl glyceride types. More 
preferably, the compositions comprise the surfactant component along with 
a premix or complex of the optional amphoteric surfactant and anionic 
surfactant in an equivalent ratio of about 1:1 in order to provide 
approximate electroneutrality. 
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the compositions 
comprise a second amphoteric surfactant being selected from 
aminoalkanoates of formula 11 
EQU R.sub.1 NH(CH.sub.2).sub.n CO.sub.2 M II 
iminodialkanoates of formula III 
EQU R.sub.1 N[(CH.sub.2).sub.m CO.sub.2 M].sub.2 III 
and mixtures thereof, wherein n and m are numbers from 1 to 4, and R.sub.1 
and M are independently selected from the groups specified in I above. 
The compositions herein can also comprise other optional surfactant 
components, notably, anionic surfactants. It is an important feature of 
the invention, however, that the combined concentration of the first and 
the optional second amphoteric surfactants is at least about 30% by weight 
of the total surfactant concentration, this being important from the 
viewpoint of achieving optimum lathering characteristics. In preferred 
compositions, the mixture of the first and second amphoteric surfactants 
comprises at least about 60%, more preferably at least about 75% by weight 
of the total surfactant composition. 
Examples of suitable optional amphoteric surfactants for use herein include 
salts, especially the triethanolammonium salts and salts of 
N-lauryl-beta-aminopropionic acid and N-lauryl-imino-dipropionic acid. 
The compositions herein preferably contain from about 1% to about 10% by 
weight, more preferably from about 1.5% to about 5% by weight of each of 
the first and second amphoteric surfactants. The weight ratio of first 
amphoteric surfactant:second amphoteric surfactant is preferably from 
about 10:1 to about 1:10, more preferably from about 5:1 to about 1:5, and 
especially from about 1 to about 1:3. 
A preferred optional surfactant in the compositions herein is an anionic 
surfactant. This is preferably present in a level of from about 0.1% to 
about 10%, more preferably from about 1.0% to about 8%, and especially 
from about 4% to about 6% by weight. Preferred artionic surfactants for 
inclusion herein, other than the alkyl and acylglyceride sulfates 
mentioned above, are the fatty acid condensation products of proteins, 
degraded proteins or amino acids, or mixtures of such condensation 
products. In highly preferred embodiments, the fatty acid condensation 
products are selected from: 
(i) condensation products of C.sub.8 -C.sub.12, preferably C.sub.10 
-C.sub.18 fatty acids with hydrolysed proteins; 
(ii) fatty acid sarconsinates derived from C.sub.8 -C.sub.22, preferably 
C.sub.10 -C.sub.18 fatty acids; and 
(iii) mixtures thereof. 
However, the total level of surfactant in the compositions herein should 
generally lie in the range from about 1% to about 20% by weight, 
preferably from about 1% to about 15% by weight, and especially from about 
2% to about 7% by weight. 
Polyol Alkoxy Ester 
The compositions of the present invention also essentially comprise a 
polyol alkoxy ester. These materials are non-ionic high molecular weight 
polyhydroxyalkyl derivatives of polyols which have been esterified with a 
fatty acid material. In other words, these esters include a polyol 
component, a polyalkoxy component, and a fatty acid component. Examples of 
polyols which form the basis of these polyol alkoxy esters include polyols 
having at least 3 hydroxy groups and having from about 3 to about 10 
carbon atoms in either a straight or branched chain. Preferably these 
polyhydroxy compounds have from about 4 to about 8 carbon atoms, either 
straight or branched chain. Non-limiting examples of polyols which form 
the basis of these esters include erythritol, threitol, pentaerythritol, 
xylitol, sorbitol, glucitol, mannitol, and the like. Especially preferred 
is pentaerythritol. 
The polyalkoxy component of these esters include polyethoxy groups (i.e. 
polyethylene glycol groups), polypropoxy groups (i.e. polypropylene glycol 
groups), polybutoxy groups (i.e. polybutylene glycol groups), and the 
like. Preferred derivatives contain polyethoxy groups and polypropoxy. 
Especially preferred are derivatives containing polyethoxy groups. These 
polyl alkoxy esters can be prepared from the reaction of the desired 
polyol with an alkoxylation agent until the desired degree of 
derivatization has been achieved, i.e. until the desired number of moles 
of the alkoxy group has been incorporated. Non-limiting examples of 
alkoxylation agents include ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, butylene 
oxide, and the like. The polyol alkoxy esters preferably have a mole ratio 
of polyol to akoxy group of from about 1:50 to about 1:250, more 
preferably from about 1:100 to about 1:200, and most preferably from about 
1:125 to about 1:175. 
The fatty acid component of these polyol alkoxy esters include straight or 
branched chain, saturated or unsaturated fatty acids having from about 8 
to about 30 carbon atoms. 
These esters have high molecular weights ranging from about 4000 to about 
8000 and preferably from about 6000 to about 8000. A highly preferred 
polyol alkoxy ester is available from Croda, Inc. under the trade name 
Crothix. This material, which is also known as PEG-150 petaerythritol 
tetra stearate, is synthesized by the reaction of petaerythritol with 
ethylene oxide to a mean adduct level of 150 moles, followed by 
esterification with stearic acid. 
The polyol alkoxy ester is present in the composition at a level of from 
about 0.1% to about 5%, preferably from about 0.5% to about 3%, and most 
preferably from about 1% to about 2%. 
The amphoteric surfactant and polyol alkoxy ester are present in a ratio of 
amphoteric surfactant:polyol alkoxy ester of from about 10:1 to about 1:3, 
preferably from about 5:1 to about 1:3 and most preferably from about 3:1 
to about 1:3. 
Optional Components 
The compositions of the invention may also contain additional thickeners at 
a level preferably from about 0.1% to about 10%, more preferably from 
about 0.1% to about 5%, and especially from about 0.3% to about 4%. The 
thickener preferably has a viscosity (1% aqueous solution, 25.degree. C., 
Brookfield RVT Spindle No TB, 5 rpm) of at least about 4000 cps, more 
preferably at least about 10,000 cps. 
Neutralizing agents suitable for use in neutralizing acidic group 
containing hydrophilic thickeners herein including sodium hydroxide, 
potassium hydroxide, ammonium hydroxide, monoethanolamine, diethanlolamine 
and triethanolamine. 
The compositions of the invention can optionally include a hair or skin 
moisturizer. The preferred level of moisturizer is from about 1% to about 
20% by weight. In preferred embodiments, the moisturizer is nonocclusive 
and is selected from: 
1. water-soluble liquid polyols; 
2. essential amino acid compounds found naturally occurring in the stratum 
corneum of the skin; and 
3. water-soluble nonocclusives and mixtures thereof. 
Some examples of more preferred nonocclusive moisturizers are glycerine, 
polyethylene glycol, propylene glycol, sorbitol, polyethylene glycol and 
propylene glycol esters of methyl glucose (e.g. methyl gluxan-20), 
polyethylene glycol and propylene glycol esters of lanolin alcohol (e.g. 
Solulan-75), sodium pyrrolidone carboxylic acid, lactic acid, urea, 
L-proline, guanidine, pyrrolidone and mixtures thereof. Of the above, 
glycerine is highly preferred. 
Examples of other water-soluble nonocclusive moisturizers include 
water-soluble hexadecyl, myristyl, isodecyl or isopropyl esters of adipic, 
lactic, oleic, stearic, isostearic, myristic or linoleic acids, as well as 
many of their corresponding alcohol esters (sodium 
isostearoyl-2-1actylate, sodium capryl lactylate), hydrolyzed protein and 
other collagen-derived proteins, aloe vera gel and acetamide MEA. 
The compositions of the invention can additionally comprise from about 
0.05% to about 5% by weight of cationic or nonionic polymeric hair or skin 
conditioning agents. Representatives classes of polymeric hair or skin 
conditioning agents include cationic and nonionic polysaccharides; 
cationic and nonionic homopolymers and copolymers derived from acrylic 
and/or methacrylic acid; cationic and nonionic cellulose resins; cationic 
copolymers of dimethyldiallylammonium chloride and acrylic acid; cationic 
homopolymers of dimethyldiallylammonium chloride; cationic polyalkylene 
and ethoxypolyalkene imines, and mixtures thereof. 
By way of exemplification, cationic polymeric conditioning agents preferred 
for use herein include cationic guar gums such as hydroxypropyl trimethyl 
ammonium guar gum (d.s. of from 0.11 to 0.22) available commercially under 
the trade names Jaguar C-14-S(RTM) and Jaguar C-17(RTM), and also Jaguar 
C-16(RTM), which contains hydroxypropyl substituents (d.s. of from 
0.8-1.1) in addition to the above-specified cationic groups, and 
quatnerized cellulose esters available commercially under the trade names 
Ucare Polymer JR and Celquat. Other suitable cationic polymers are 
homopolymers of dimethyldiallylammonium chloride available commercially 
under the trade name Merquat 100, copolymers of dimethyl 
aminoethylmethacrylate and acrylamide, copolymers of 
dimethyldiallylammonium chloride and acrylamide, available commercially 
under the trade names Merquat 550 and Merquat S, quaternized vinyl 
pyrrollidone acrylate or methacrylate copolymers of amino alcohol 
available commercially under the trade name Gafquat, and polyalkylenimines 
such as polyethylenimime and ethoxylated polyethylenimine. 
A number of additional optional materials can be added to the compositions 
of the invention. Such materials include keratolytic agents such as 
salicylic acid; proteins and polypeptides and derivatives thereof; 
water-soluble or solubilizable preservatives such as Germall 115, methyl, 
ethyl, propyl and butyl esters of hydroxybenzoic acid, EDTA, Euxyl (RTM) 
K400, Bronopol (2-bromo-2-nitropropane-1, 3-diol); antiobacterials such as 
Irgasan (RTM), phenoxyethanol and phenoxypropanol (preferably at levels of 
from about 0.2% to about 5%); other moisturizing agents such as hyaluronic 
acid, chitin, and starchgrafted sodium polyacrylates such as Sanwet (RTMO 
IM-1000, IM-1500 and IM-2500 available from Celanese Superabsorbent 
Materials, Portsmith, Va., USA and described in U.S. Pat. No. 4,076,663; 
colouring agents; Pearling agents; perfumes and perfume solubilizers etc. 
Water is also present at a level of from about 60% to about 99.5%, 
preferably from about 70% to about 95% by weight of the compositions 
herein. 
The pH of the compositions is preferably from about 4 to about 9, more 
preferably from about 4.5 to about 7. 
The following examples further describe and demonstrate embodiments within 
the scope of the present invention. The examples are given solely for the 
purpose of illustration and are not to be construed as limitations of the 
present invention, as many variations thereof are possible without 
departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. 
Ingredients are identified by chemical or CTFA name. 
Example I 
A facial cleansing composition of the present invention is made as follows: 
______________________________________ 
Ingredient % w/w 
______________________________________ 
Phase A 
Water q.s. 
Polyquaternium - 10 0.50 
Phase B 
Potassium Coco Hydrolyzed Animal 
Protein.sup.2 15.0 
Amphoteric Surfactant I.sup.3 
5.1 
Amphoteric Surfactant II.sup.4 
6.8 
Amphoteric Surfactant III.sup.5 
7.3 
Phase C 
Glycerin 3.0 
Polyol Alkoxy Ester.sup.6 
1.6 
PEG-120 Methyl Glucose Dioleate.sup.7 
0.6 
Phase D 
Preservative (phenoxyethanol) 
0.4 
Phase 
Water 1.0 
Na.sub.4 EDTA 0.1 
______________________________________ 
.sup.1 Available as Polymer JR 400 
.sup.2 Available as Lamepon S 
.sup.3 Cocoamphocarboxyglycinate (and) Na Lauryl Sulfate (and) Hexylene 
Glycol available as Miranol 2MCA MOD 
.sup.4 Na Lauryl Sarcosinate available as Hamposyl L30 
.sup.5 Na Lauriminodipropionate available as Mirataine H2CHA 
.sup.6 Available As Crothix 
.sup.7 Available as Glucamate DOE120 
The water is heated to 65.degree. C. and the polyquaternium10 is added to 
the water to form Phase A. The Phase B ingredients are added sequentially 
to this phase. Separately, the Phase C components are heated to 65.degree 
C. Phase C is combined with this mixture and then cooled to 40.degree. C. 
Phase D and Phase E are added to this mix to form the resultant cosmetic 
composition. 
Application of approximately 2 grams of the resulting gel/viscous liquid 
with water is useful for topical application as a cleanser to remove, for 
example, dirt and oil as well as difficult to remove makeup, waterproof 
mascara and the like. 
The water is heated to 65.degree. C. and the polyquaternium-10 is added to 
the water to form Phase A. The Phase B ingredients are added sequentially 
to this phase. Separately, the Phase C components are heated to 65.degree. 
C. Phase C is combined with this mixture and then cooled to 40.degree. C. 
Phase D and Phase E are added to this mix to form the resultant cosmetic 
composition. 
Application of approximately 2 grams of the resulting gel/viscous liquid 
with water is useful for topical application as a cleanser to remove, for 
example, dirt and oil as well as difficult to remove make-up, waterproof 
mascara and the like. 
Example II 
A facial cleansing composition of the present invention is made by 
combining the following ingredients utilizing conventional mixing 
techniques as described above in Example I. 
______________________________________ 
Ingredient % w/w 
______________________________________ 
Phase A 
Water q.s. 
Polyquaternium - 10.sup.1 
0.50 
Phase B 
Amphoteric Surfactant I.sup.2 
15.1 
Amphoteric Surfactant II.sup.3 
4.0 
Phase C 
Glycerin 3.0 
Polyol Alkoxy Ester.sup.4 
1.6 
PEG-120 Methyl Glucose Dioleate.sup.5 
0.6 
Phase D 
Preservative (phenoxyethanol) 
0.4 
Phase E 
Water 1.0 
Na.sub.4 EDTA 0.1 
______________________________________ 
.sup.1 Available as Polymer JR 400 
.sup.2 Na Lauriminodipropionate available as Mirataine H2C--HA 
.sup.3 Cocoamphocarboxyglycinate (and) Na Lauryl Sulfate (and) Hexylene 
Glycol available as Miranol 2MCA MOD 
.sup.4 Available as Crothix 
.sup.5 Available as Glucamate DOE120 
Application of approximately 2 grams of the resulting gel/viscous liquid 
with water is useful for topical application as a cleanser to remove, for 
example, dirt and oil as well as difficult to remove make-up, waterproof 
mascara and the like. 
Example III 
A facial cleansing composition of the present invention is made by 
combining the following ingredients utilizing conventional mixing 
techniques as described above in Example I. 
______________________________________ 
Ingredient % w/w 
______________________________________ 
Phase A 
Water q.s 
Polyquaternium - 10.sup.1 
0.50 
Phase B 
Amphoteric Surfactant I.sup.2 
15.1 
Amphoteric Surfactant II.sup.3 
4.0 
Phase C 
Glycerin 3.0 
Polyol Alkoxy Ester.sup.4 
1.0 
Na Acrylate/Stearate 20 Methacrylate 
3.0 
polymer.sup.5 
Phase D 
Preservative 0.4 
Phase E 
Water 1.0 
Na.sub.4 EDTA 0.1 
______________________________________ 
.sup.1 Available as Polymer JR 400 
.sup.2 Na Lauriminodipropionate available as Deriphat 160C 
.sup.3 Cocoamphocarboxyglycinate (and) Na Lauryl Sulfate (and) Hexylene 
Glycol available as Miranol 2MCA MOD 
.sup.4 Available as Crothix 
.sup.5 Available as Aculyn 22 
Application of approximately 2 grams of the resulting gel/viscous liquid 
with water is useful for topical application as a cleanser to remove, for 
example, dirt and oil as well as difficult to remove make-up, waterproof 
mascara and the like. 
Example IV 
A facial cleansing composition of the present invention is made by 
combining the following ingredients utilizing conventional mixing 
techniques as described above in Example I. 
______________________________________ 
Ingredient % w/w 
______________________________________ 
Phase A 
Water q.s. 
Polyquaternium - 10.sup.1 
0.50 
Phase B 
Amphoteric Surfactant I.sup.2 
8.0 
Amphoteric Surfactant II.sup.3 
8.0 
Phase C 
Glycerin 15.0 
Polyol Alkoxy Ester.sup.4 
1.5 
PEG-120 Methyl Glucose Dioleate.sup.5 
0.5 
Phase D 
Preservative (phenoxyethanol) 
0.4 
Phase E 
Water 1.0 
Na.sub.4 EDTA 0.1 
______________________________________ 
.sup.1 Available as Polymer JR 400 
.sup.2 Lauroamphodiacetate (and) Na Trideceth Sulfate available as Mirano 
BT 
.sup.3 Na Lauriminodipropionate available as Mirataine H2C-HA 
.sup.4 Available as Crothix 
.sup.5 Available as Glucomate DOE120 
Application of approximately 2 grams of the resulting gel/viscous liquid 
with water is useful for topical application as a cleanser to remove, for 
example, dirt and oil as well as difficult to remove make-up, waterproof 
mascara and the like.