Speaker cover assembly apparatus

An apparatus and method for assembly of speaker covers which provides for attaching fabric to a speaker cover frame. The fabric and frame are placed into the apparatus. The apparatus first positions the fabric and frame in a secure manner and tensions the fabric against the frame. The fabric is folded about the frame to position the fabric for attachment to the rear of the frame. A heat welding device then bonds the fabric to the frame and simultaneously trims off any excess fabric.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION 
The present invention relates to a speaker cover assembly apparatus for 
attaching fabric to a speaker cover frame. 
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
The history of sound equipment, in particular stereo speakers, has brought 
about many changes particularly in home stereo equipment. The earlier 
products were produced and designed as furniture to complement the living 
area where the sound system was to be located. This resulted in many 
ornate designs which emphasized the aesthetic value of the housing. 
Typically, early sound systems also included the entire tuner, amplifier 
and speakers within the unit. These earlier models included a window 
wherein fabric was glued over the perimeter of the window from inside the 
sound unit. The speaker was installed behind the fabric covered window 
within the unit. 
With the advent of stereo sound and the transistor, sound systems began to 
separate the speakers into left and right sides of the listening area to 
obtain the greatest stereo effect. Because sound systems were becoming 
smaller in size, they evolved from a decorative unit into smaller, 
functional and interchangeable units where different components could now 
be interchanged to allow the user to adapt the system to his/her own 
particular needs. In the evolution of the adaptable sound system it has 
become necessary for the speaker to adapt as well. 
The sound speaker today is a functional unit of varying size. With the 
introduction of surround sound, the need has grown for various speakers 
tailored for a particular sound effect to be introduced into different 
corners of a listening area. In addition, some speakers also require 
adjustments conforming it to the particular listening environment. The 
introduction of speakers for particularized purposes has created a need 
for building a speaker housing which protects the speaker without 
hindering the sound quality. The housing must be inexpensive to build, 
since the greater cost of the unit is borne by the speaker installed 
within the speaker housing. However, this low cost must be balanced with 
aesthetic considerations due to the fact that the speakers will be located 
throughout a principle living area and positioned for obtaining a complete 
surround sound effect. 
With all the changes to speaker designs, the speaker housing still requires 
some sort of screen or shield which covers and protects the functional 
features of the speakers while allowing sound to be distributed 
unaffected. In addition, many speakers incorporate equalization 
adjustments behind the cover. Thus, easy access must be provided to the 
user to allow equalization adjustment of the speakers once they have been 
put to use. 
The modern speaker cover must be adaptable to meet these varying needs and 
yet must be simple to manufacture. Prior methods of assembly of speaker 
covers have primarily been directed to various time consuming and 
expensive manual assembly processes. As can be readily recognized, manual 
assembly methods are slower and therefore more time consuming than 
automated methods. Additionally, when the salaries and related expenses of 
the workers are factored in, such methods are also normally more 
expensive. 
Thus, there exists the need for a speaker cover assembly apparatus which 
can quickly and economically produce such a speaker cover. In addition, a 
speaker cover which has a fabric screen attached around a lightweight 
plastic frame must be constructed with the fabric wrapped tightly about 
the frame to maintain an immobile layer which prevents small objects from 
contacting and damaging the speakers. A need therefore exist for an 
assembly apparatus capable of attaching the fabric to the speaker frame to 
provide this protective capability in an economical manner. 
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
The present invention relates to a method and apparatus which quickly and 
economically forms a fabric speaker cover around a pre-formed speaker 
cover frame. The apparatus tightly stretches the speaker cover fabric over 
the frame to protect the speaker from dust and damage from small objects 
which may bump the front of the speakers, while not detracting from the 
sound quality of the speakers. Moreover, the apparatus can be run using 
low skilled labor thus reducing operating costs while quickly producing 
the product. 
The present invention utilizes the time and cost saving manufacturing 
benefits of heat welding plastic components. In particular, the present 
invention utilizes two plastic components to assemble the speaker cover. A 
plastic frame and fabric formed of plastic material are combined to form 
the finished speaker cover. The fabric is placed on an assembly platform 
which grabs and stretches the fabric tightly in all directions. The 
plastic frame is then placed in overlying relation to the fabric. A 
mounting head is driven down from above the speaker frame to engage and 
provide lateral and longitudinal support to the speaker frame during 
mounting of the fabric on the frame. The fabric completely underlying, and 
therefore covering the frame, is then stretched over the frame about its 
periphery. The fabric is then automatically heat welded onto the frame. 
The heat welding step also severs any excess fabric from the finished 
speaker cover. Once the welding step is complete the mounting head is 
withdrawn and the operator removes the assembled speaker cover. Typically 
a decal or other type of emblem is glued or otherwise affixed onto the 
front of the cover in order to identify the speaker manufacturer. 
Thus in the assembly process utilizing the instant invention the operator 
will only be required to align the fabric and frame at the start of the 
assembly operation, and then remove the assembled product once the machine 
is completed. Each assembly step during the assembly process is undertaken 
automatically by the apparatus. 
Other features and advantages of the invention will become apparent from 
the following detailed description, taken in conjunction with the 
accompanying drawings, which illustrate, by way of example, the features 
of the invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
Referring to FIGS. 1-5, the construction of the assembly apparatus of the 
present invention will be described. Generally, a supporting structure 2 
is attached to or mounted atop work support structure 4 which provides a 
rectangular working surface 6 which is maintained generally parallel to 
the ground at a distance from the ground sufficient to provide user access 
to the entire surface from a standing position. In a preferred embodiment 
work support structure 4 has a rectangular configuration such as a 
standard work bench or table. Supporting structure 2 is comprised of four 
support columns 3 mounted proximate each of the corners of work support 
structure 4. Mounted centrally on the surface 6 of structure 4 is an 
assembly base apparatus 8. Assembly base apparatus 8 is essentially 
comprised of four major subcomponents or subassemblies. 
The first subassembly is a mounting platform 10. The mounting platform 10 
includes an upper support surface 12 which is positioned parallel to the 
surface 6 of the work support structure 4. The peripheral dimensions of 
the mounting platform upper surface 12 generally approximates the 
peripheral dimensions of the speaker frame 14. In a preferred embodiment 
the speaker frame 14 is of a rectangular configuration. It is to be 
recognized that other speaker configurations may be employed in connection 
with the instant invention. The mounting platform 10 is supported by a 
plurality of support rods 16 which extend perpendicularly from the under 
side of the mounting platform 10 through apertures 18 in the work support 
structure 4. At the distal end of the rods 16 restraining nuts 20 are 
threadably connected to the threaded ends of the rods. Positioned between 
the work support structure 4 and the under side of mounting platform 10 
and surrounding each of the rods 16 are biasing springs 22 which bias the 
mounting platform 10 a preselected distance above the work support 
structure 4. The height of the upper support surface 12 of mounting 
platform 10 may be adjusted by means of restraining nuts 20. 
Positioned around the edge or periphery of the mounting platform 10 is the 
second subassembly of assembly base 8, a mounting support assembly 24. The 
mounting support 24 is rigidly connected to the work support structure 4 
and arranged such that the top surface 26 of the mounting support 24 is 
planar with the upper surface 12 of the mounting platform 10 when said 
platform is fully biased by the biasing springs 22. A shoulder or step 28 
is formed in the mounting support 24 near the work support structure 4 
extending under the mounting plate 10. As shown in FIG. 1 a rectangular 
support plate 29 may be positioned between the base of the mounting 
supports 24 and the work support structure 4. 
The third subassembly comprising the assembly base 8 is a plurality of 
fabric gripping arms 30, 32, 34, 36 positioned along each side of the 
mounting platform 10. In the context of a rectangular speaker cover a 
total of four, arms 30, 32, 34 and 36 are provided. Referring to FIG. 1, 
the gripping arms 30-36 are movably coupled to the working support 
structure 4 by means of gripping arm support 38 which is positioned 
proximate the midpoint of each side of the mounting platform 10 such that 
the mounting support 24 is interposed between the mounting platform 10 and 
gripping arm support 38. The working support structure 4 further includes 
four slots or tracks (not shown) extending radially away from the boundary 
of the mounting platform 10 perpendicular to the midpoint of each side of 
the mounting platform 10. The gripping arms 30-36 are rotatably connected 
to the upper section of gripping arm supports 38 by means of bolt or pivot 
rod 58. 
Further referring to FIG. 1, the base component 39 of gripping arm support 
38 is mounted beneath working support structure 4 and is connected to 
support 38 by means of connecting member 41 which extends through the 
slots or tracks in the working support structure 4. A lower flange support 
48 maintains a piston drive mechanism 50 in operational relationship to 
the gripping arm 30. The piston rod 52 of the drive mechanism 50 extends 
perpendicularly to the working support structure 4 through the slots or 
tracks. Along one side of said piston rod 52 facing the mounting platform 
10 is a rack of teeth 54 formed into the piston rod 52. A pinion gear 56 
is rotatably mounted about axle 58 at the lower end of gripping arm 30. 
Connected to the ends of the axle 58 and extending radially away from the 
axle 58 are the gripping arms 30. The arms 30 may be moved in angular 
displacement with respect to the gripping arm support 38 by means of the 
vertical displacement of piston rod 52. The rack of teeth 54 on rod 52 
engage pinion gear 56 causing gripping arms 30 to rotate about axle 58 as 
rod 52 moves vertically. 
Each of the gripping arms 30 is connected to a gripping holder 60. A brush 
62 for gripping the speaker fabric is formed from metal or plastic 
bristles 64 and extends the majority of the length of the respective side 
of the mounting platform 10. The gripping holder 60 forms an L-shape with 
a short flange 68 extending perpendicularly away from the gripping arms 
30. Coupling rods 70 connected to the brush 62 extend through apertures 
(not shown) in the short flange 68. At the distal end of each rod a nut 74 
is threadably connected and maintains a biasing spring 76 between the nut 
74 and short beam 68. Thus, the brush 62 is movably connected with the 
gripping holder 60 providing for overtravel or additional lateral movement 
to the gripping arms 30-36. 
For each of the gripping arms 30-36 the piston drive mechanism 50 operates 
to move the piston rod 52 so as to rotate the gripping arms 30 until the 
brush 62 is brought into an overlying contact with the upper surface 26 of 
mounting support 24 (FIG. 2). When the piston rod 52 is withdrawn into the 
piston drive mechanism 50, the brush 62 is moved away from the mounting 
support by the rotation of the gripping arms 30 (FIG. 1). 
The fourth subassembly comprising the assembly base 8 is arm 78 positioned 
with its upper surface 80 flush with the surface 12 of mounting platform 
10 when said platform is in a fully biased position by the biasing springs 
22. The arm 78 lies within a recess in the mounting support 24 along each 
side of the mounting platform 10. Two segments 82 of the arm 78 extend 
laterally outward from the mounting platform 10 and past the mounting 
support 24. At the distal end of each arm 78 a vertical tongue 84 extends 
perpendicularly downward toward the working support structure 4. Connected 
to the tongue 84 is a piston rod 86 of a piston drive mechanism 88. The 
piston drive mechanism 88 provides lateral movement of the arm 78 in a 
linear direction towards and away from the mounting platform 10. 
At the commencement of the assembly process, the speaker cover components 
comprising a plastic fabric 90 and plastic frame 14 are placed on the 
support platform 10, respectively. The fabric 90 is of a size sufficient 
to completely cover the top surface of the mounting platform 10 and the 
surrounding mounting support 24. The speaker frame 14 which comprises 
dimensions approximately equivalent to the upper surface 12 of the 
mounting platform 10, is placed in an overlying relation to the fabric 90 
and positioned to align the speaker frame 14 in overlying relation with 
the mounting platform 10. 
The joining of the fabric 90 to the speaker frame 14 is accomplished by 
means of a heat welding device 92 and upper mounting assembly 94 which are 
connected to support structure 2 and are centered above the base assembly 
8. 
The upper mounting assembly 94 is comprised of three subassemblies, a clamp 
housing 96, a plurality of welding clamps 98, and a frame mount 100. 
The clamp housing 96 is coupled to the support structure by means of a 
vertical beam support 102 and piston drive mechanism 104. The beam 102, 
which is positioned perpendicular to the mounting platform 10, is coupled 
to the support structure 2 (not shown) to guide and vertically align the 
housing 96 while piston drive mechanism 104 drives the housing 96 from a 
raised, disengaged position (FIG. 1) to an engaged clamping position (FIG. 
2). Piston rod 106 is connected at its distal end 108 to the beam surface 
110, via a bracket 112 which is bolted on to distal end of the piston rod 
108 and the surface 110 of beam 102. 
The frame mount 100 is attached to the bottom side surface of the clamp 
housing 96. The frame mount 100 comprises a center portion 118 surrounded 
by a border section 120. As shown in the drawings, section 118 is thicker 
than section 120 such that shoulder 124 is formed at the junction of 
sections 118 and 120. The peripheral dimensions of center portion surface 
118 are less than the interior peripheral dimensions of aperture 122 of 
the speaker frame 14. When the piston drive mechanism 104 is operated to 
move the housing 96 downward toward the mounting platform 10 the center 
portion 118 of frame mount 100 contacts the fabric 90 below the speaker 
frame 14 while the frame clamp border 120 contacts the inner ridge 121 of 
the speaker frame 14. Shoulder 124 allows the frame mount 110 to nest 
within the frame aperture 122 without requiring exact positioning of the 
speaker frame 14. The frame mount 110 shown in FIG. 2 provides both 
lateral and longitudinal support to the speaker frame 14. The frame mount 
110 driven by piston 106 in turn moves the mounting platform 10 downward 
against the biasing springs 22 and the mounting platform 10 contacts the 
shoulder 28 of the mounting support 24. Thus, longitudinal support for the 
speaker frame 14 during the assembly process is provided by mounting the 
speaker frame 14 clamped between the frame mount 110 and mounting platform 
10. The shoulder 124 contacts the upper corner 126 of the speaker frame 14 
to translate the longitudinal support of the frame mount 110 into lateral 
support. 
During the assembly process the fabric is pulled tightly over the speaker 
cover frame and heat welded to the back of the frame. The fabric is pulled 
into position by means of welding clamps 98. 
As shown in FIG. 3, the welding clamps are driven by drive piston 
mechanisms 130 and 132 located within the clamp housing 96. The clamps 98 
are positioned to extend laterally out of the housing 96 from each of the 
four corners 134 (FIGS. 6-10) of the rectangular housing 96. The clamps 98 
each include a pair of piston drive mechanisms 130 and 132 shown in FIGS. 
3 and 4. The drives 130-132 are connected in series such that the 
extension and retraction of the piston rod 142 of the first drive 130 is 
connected to the second piston drive 132 at 144. The extension and 
retraction of the first piston rod 142 moves the second piston drive 132 
between a position proximate to housing 96, FIG. 3, to a position 
proximate to the first piston drive 130, FIG. 4. A stop 146 connects the 
first piston drive 130 to the housing 96. The stop 146 provides additional 
lateral support. 
The actual welding clamp 98 comprises four components; two clamp guides 148 
and 150 and two clamp arms 152 and 154. The first clamp guide is a guide 
bar 148 connected to the front 156 of the second piston drive 132. The 
first clamp guide or bar 148 includes upper surface 157. Two guide pegs 
158 extend out of upper surface 156. The second clamp guide 150 is 
actually the piston rod 150 of the second drive piston 132. Interposed 
between the two clamp guides 148 and 150 are a right 152 and left 154 
clamp arm. Each clamp arm 152 and 154 comprise a triangular linkage 164 
with a clamp 166 extending out of the apex 168. A slot 170 runs along the 
base 172 of the triangular linkage 164 and forms a slot linkage with the 
respective guide pegs 158 of the guide bar 148. One of the corners of each 
triangular linkage is coupled to the second clamp guide 150 at 178. When 
the second clamp guide 150 is extended or withdrawn from the housing 96 
with respect to the first clamp guide 148 the triangular linkage at 164 
translates the linear motion into rotational motion about point 178 thus 
adjusting the clamp arm's angular displacement between a closed and an 
open position as shown FIGS. 6 and 7, respectively. 
The welding clamps 98 extend from the four corners of the clamp housing 96 
in alternating upper 180 and lower 182 positions such that opposing corner 
clamps are either in an upper position 180 or lower position 182. The 
clamps 98 connected to the clamp arms 152 and 154 are two types. A 
longitudinally elongated clamp 184 for the upper positioned welding clamps 
ensures the upper positioned clamps have their bottom edge level with or 
in a planar relationship to the lower edge of clamps 186. 
Thus, the welding clamps 98 in operation, are shown in FIGS. 6-10. From a 
rest position FIG. 6, the piston rod 150 of the second piston 132 is 
extended rotating the clamp arms 160 and 162 to an open position shown in 
FIG. 7. The first piston drive rod 142 is then extended moving the welding 
clamps 98 outward to the corners of the fabric shown in FIG. 8. The second 
piston rod 150 is then retracted thereby rotating the clamp arms 160 and 
162 to a closed position grabbing the fabric 90 shown in FIG. 9. The first 
piston rod 142 is then retracted and the clamps 98 are withdrawn into the 
housing 96 while gripping the fabric 90 as shown in FIG. 10. 
The heat welder 92 forms a rectangular frame about the mounting clamp 94 
with dimensions slightly larger than the mounting clamp 94. The heat 
welder 92 is coupled to the support structure 2 in an arrangement similar 
to the mounting clamp 94. The heat welder 92 is attached to a longitudinal 
beam 190 which is coupled to the support structure 2 (not shown) and a 
drive piston 192 with piston rod 193 is connected to the support structure 
2 (not shown) with the distal end 194 of the piston rod 193 connected to 
the beam 190 via bracket 195. 
When the piston rod 193 is extended longitudinally the heat welder 92 is 
moved downward around the mounting clamp 94 assembly. Mounted on the heat 
welder 92 is a welding bar 196 which extends downward from the heat welder 
92 to contact a portion of the speaker frame 198 (FIG. 12). The welding 
bar 196 is heated by conventional electrical heating elements (not shown). 
A knife edge 200 forms the lengthwise inner edge of the welding bar 196. 
The knife edge 200 heated with the rest of the welding bar cuts any fabric 
90 in between the speaker frame 14 and the welding bar 196. The remainder 
of the flat bottom side 206 surface serves to weld the fabric 90 to the 
plastic speaker frame 14 by melting it into the speaker frame 14. 
A conventional electrical control system (not shown) selectively operates 
all of the drive pistons through each of the steps in the assembly 
process. In the preferred embodiment the drive pistons are hydraulically 
operated. It will be appreciated that most of the steps are performed 
without operator assistance and therefore are suitable for a controller 
program. However, each step may also be performed manually. 
In operation, the heat welder 92 and mount 94 are initially in a raised 
position overlying the base 8. The mounting platform 10 is flush with the 
mounting support 24 and mounting arm 78. The fabric 90 is placed by the 
operator over the base 8 to completely cover the mounting support 24 and 
the mounting platform 10. 
Next, the gripping arms 30-36 are rotated by upward movement of piston 52 
to engage the fabric 90 against the mounting arm 78. The operator then 
places the speaker frame 14 with the front side down over the speaker 
fabric 90. The speaker frame 14 is aligned to completely cover the 
mounting platform 10. 
The next series of steps are then operated automatically. With the speaker 
frame 14 positioned, the mount 94 is lowered to engage and support the 
speaker frame 14 between the frame mount 100 and mounting platform 10. As 
the mount 94 moves downward the mounting platform 10 is positioned 
downwardly into firm contact with the inner lip 28 of the mounting support 
24. 
As the speaker frame 14 and underlying fabric 90 are moved down with the 
mounting platform 10, the overtravel on the gripping arms 30-36 permits 
the gripping arms to slide with the fabric 90, thus preventing the fabric 
90 from being torn while moved downward. 
Once the movement of the mount 94 is completed piston 52 is retracted and 
the gripping arms 30-36 are rotated away from platform 10 to release the 
fabric 90. 
The fabric 90 still overlies the mounting support 24. The drive piston 88 
for the surface arm 78 is engaged. With the speaker frame 14 located below 
the arm 78, the surface arm 78 folds the edge of the fabric 90 inward over 
the bottom edge of speaker frame 14. 
The surface arms 78 expose the four corners of the fabric 90 while 
maintaining most of the lengthwise portions of fabric 90 folded over the 
frame speaker 14. Each of the welding clamps 98 are then engaged. The 
clamps each open and extend out to the corner folds of fabric exposed by 
the mounting arms 78. The welding clamps 98 then close and retract, 
pulling the fabric 90 tightly at each of the corners, with the corners 
maintained by the welding clamps 98. The surface arms 78 are then 
disengaged, leaving the fabric 90 held tightly stretched over the front of 
the speaker frame 14 and the backside border. 
The heat welder 92 is then moved downward to engage the fabric 90 folded 
over the speaker frame 14. The heated welding bar 196 then contacts the 
fabric 90 melting it into the speaker frame 14. The knife 200 along the 
edge trims off any excess fabric 90. Once the fabric 90 is bonded on to 
the speaker frame 14, the welder 92 and mount 100 disengage and are 
retracted and the biasing springs 22 in the mounting plate 10 bring the 
mounting plate 10 into flush relation with the mounting support 24 
topside. 
The operator then removes the assembled speaker cover and the speaker 
assembly is ready for the next speaker cover to be assembled. 
While a particular form of the invention has been illustrated and 
described, it will be apparent that various modifications can be made 
without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.