Compatibilized polyester polyol blend from phthalic anhydride bottoms

A new and highly useful resin prepolymer blend of (a) polyester polyols prepared by esterifying phthalic anhydride bottoms with aliphatic polyols; (b) aliphatic polyol, (c) compatibilizing polyalkoxylated compound, and (d) (optionally) polyalkoxylated amine or amide diol. This blend can be reacted with organic isocyanates in the presence of fluorocarbon blowing agent and preferably catalysts to produce cellular polymeric structures.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
1. Field Of The Invention 
This invention lies in the field of compatibilized polyester polyol resin 
prepolymer blend compositions, to techniques for making and using the 
same, and to the products made therewith. 
2. Prior Art 
In my above identified copending U.S. patent application there is described 
a new and very useful class of aromatic ester polyols which are useful as 
intermediates for reaction with isocyanates to produce cellular 
polyurethane and polyisocyanurate polymers. Such ester polyols are 
prepared from phthalic anhydride bottoms by reacting such with polyol 
under liquid phase conditions, all as taught in such copending 
applications, whose entire disclosure is incorporated hereinto by 
reference. 
Such polyester polyols which result from so esterifying phthalic anhydride 
bottoms with aliphatic polyols are useful in the manufacture of cellular 
polyurethane and cellular polyisocyanurate polymers. Such polymers are 
manufactured by reacting polyfunctional organic isocyanates with such 
polyester polyols in the presence of a blowing agent and (usually) a 
catalyst. 
As those skilled in the art appreciate, it is common in the foam art to 
prepare resin blends (sometimes also called resin precursor blends) which 
typically comprise homogeneous mixtures of polyol blends, blowing agent, 
polymerization catalyst, and, optionally but preferably, cell stabilizing 
surfactant. By the term "resin blend" or "resin prepolymer blend" as used 
herein conventional reference is made to a liquid composition which is 
reactive with isocyanates in the presence of blowing agent to produce a 
polyurethane or polyisocyanurate foam. 
Particularly because of the amount of fluorocarbon blowing agent commonly 
used in a resin precursor blend, a problem in compatibility between the 
polyol (especially aromatic polyester polyols) and such fluorocarbon may 
arise. Unless the polyol and the fluorocarbon blowing agent are compatible 
with one another, optimized product foam properties may not be achieved. 
While sometimes a blend of different polyols in a single resin precursor 
blend can overcome fluorocarbon compatibility problems, such compatibility 
problems are preferably overcome by adding a compatibility agent to the 
resin precursor blend. The compatibility agent functions to compatibilize 
the polyols and fluorocarbon blowing agents so that homogeneity results in 
a product resin precursor blend as desired in order to produce foams of 
uniform quality and desired characteristics. 
Certain monofunctional hydroxyl terminated nonionic surfactants, such as, 
for example, polyethoxylated alkyl phenol nonionics that contain not more 
than about 15 moles of condensed ethylene oxide per molecule, and thus 
which have molecular weights substantially below about 900, are believed 
to have been heretofore used as compatibility agents for certain 
polyol/fluorocarbon blowing agent resin precursor systems, for example, 
systems of the type wherein the polyol is a polycoarbomethoxy-substituted) 
diphenyl or a benzyl ester (such as is commonly available commercially 
under the trademark "Terate" from Hercules Inc. 
Also, a class of amide diols is disclosed in Koehler et al U.S. Pat. No. 
4,246,364 as being useful compatibility agents for blends of such polyols 
with fluorocarbon blowing agents, particularly when material of such class 
of amide diols is employed at the relatively high rate from about 20 to 85 
weight percent (apparently on a 100 weight percent total polyol blend 
composition weight basis). When such a large quantity of amide diol is 
employed, the cost of resin prepolymer blend increases (because of the 
cost of the amide diol). 
The polyester polyols prepared by esterifying phthalic anhydride bottoms 
with aliphatic polyols (as described in my aforereferenced copending U.S. 
patent application) are characteristically black-colored liquids. No way 
is known at present for measuring compatibility between such polyester 
polyols and fluorocarbon blowing agents added thereto other than by the 
procedure of reacting a composition of such polyester polyol and 
fluorocarbon blowing agent with isocyanate to produce a cellular foam 
products whose properties can then be observed and measured. Based upon 
such a foam conversion procedure, it has been determined that the 
properties of product foam are substantially improved when a starting 
resin precursor blend of such a polyester polyol and fluorocarbon blowing 
agent is formulated with certain compatibility agents. 
BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
More particularly, the present invention concerns a new and very useful 
resin prepolymer blend which is useful in the preparation of polyurethane 
and polyisocyanurate foams which blend comprises on a 100 weight percent 
total composition basis: 
(A) from about 25 to 50 weight percent of an ester polyol composition, 
(B) from about 2 to 45 weight percent of at least one polyol of the 
formula: 
EQU HO--R.sup.1 --OH (1) 
wherein R.sup.1 is a divalent radical selected from the group consisting 
of: 
(1) alkylene radicals each containing from 2 through 6 carbon atoms, 
(2) radicals of the formula: 
EQU --CH.sub.2 --R.sup.2 --CH.sub.2 -- 
where R.sup.2 is a radical selected from the group consisting of: 
##STR1## 
(3) radicals of the formula: 
EQU --(R.sup.3 O).sub.n --R.sup.3 -- 
where R.sup.3 is an alkylene radical containing from 2 through 3 carbon 
atoms, and n is an integer of from 1 through 3 inclusive, and 
(C)from about 5 to 30 weight percent of at least one nonionic 
polyalkoxylated (compound of the generic formula): 
EQU RO(Y).sub.n --H (2) 
wherein: 
R is a radical selected from the group consisting of alkyl phenyl radicals 
wherein the alkyl group in each such radical contains from about seven to 
eighteen carbon atoms; alkyl radicals each containing from seven through 
eighteen carbon atoms; 
Y is selected from the group consisting of radicals of the formula: 
(CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 O), and mixed radicals of the formula 
##STR2## 
and (CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 O) where the ratio of (CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 O) to 
##STR3## 
ranges from 1:1 to 1:15 X is selected from the group consisting of methyl 
and hydrogen, and 
n is a positive whole number ranging from about 4 to 25, 
In such prepolymer blend, such ester polyol composition (independently of 
formula (1) polyol), is characterized by containing on a total ester 
polyol composition basis: 
(A')from about 7.0 to 45 weight percent of acetone insolubles, and 
(B')from about 55 to 93 weight percent of esters produced by the reaction 
of phthalic anhydride with said polyol, 
In any given such resin prepolymer blend, the starting ester polyol 
composition is a phthalic anhydride bottoms composition which has been 
esterified with polyol of formula (1) by the method described in my 
aforesaid copending U.S. patent application 507,532. This composition is 
preferably characterized by initially containing on a 100 weight percent 
total such starting phthalate bottoms composition basis: 
(1) from about 50 to 95 weight percent of phthalic acid anhydride, 
(2) from about 1 to 20 weight percent of at least one compound selected 
from the group consisting of trimellitic acid and trimellitic acid 
anhydride, and 
(3) from about 3 to 40 weight percent of unknown acetone insolubles, 
and by having 
(4) an acid number ranging from about 380 to 750, and 
(5) an hydroxyl number of substantially zero. 
Also in such a resin prepolymer blend composition, the contacting of 
phthalic anhydride bottoms composition with such polyol is conducted under 
conditions such that the initial mole ratio of such polyol to such 
phthalic anhydride bottoms composition ranges from about 2 to 4 based on 
an estimate of the total carboxylic acid and carboxylic acid anhydride 
content of such phthalic anhydride bottoms composition. Such contacting is 
preferably continued until the hydroxyl number of the resulting mixture 
reaches a value ranging from about 190 to 600 and the acid number of the 
resulting mixture reaches a value ranging from about 0.01 to 7. 
Also, in any given such resin prepolymer blend composition, such polyol is 
preferably diethylene glycol. 
This invention is also directed in another aspect to resin prepolymer blend 
compositions as above described which additionally contain an isocyanate 
polymerization catalyst (which will cause, upon reaction with isocyanate 
and resin prepolymer blend production of polyurethane, polyisocyanurate, 
or mixed foam structure). 
This invention is also directed in another aspect to a process for the 
preparation of polyurethane and polyisocyanurate cellular polymers which 
utilize, as a blended component, the above described resin blend 
composition and an isocyanate polymerization catalyst. 
This invention is further directed in another aspect to the cellular 
polyurethane and polyisocyanurate polymer produced from the practice of 
the above process. 
One primary purpose of the present invention is to provide new resin blends 
which are compatible with fluorocarbon blowing agents and which find 
utility either by themselves or as minor components in the preparation of 
new polyurethane and polyisocyanurate foams, particularly those foams 
prepared in conventional foam laminate machinery and by conventional 
pour-in-place foam equipment, and which have physical and chemical 
properties of commercially acceptable level as regards typical in use 
applications for prior art polyurethane and polyisocyanurate foams, 
especially in building construction for thermal insulation. 
Another primary purpose of the present invention is to provide fluorocarbon 
compatibilized resin blends of the type indicated above which can contain 
significant quantities of aromatic ester polyol compositions produced by 
esterifying phthalic anhydride bottoms compositions with a polyol as 
described herein and which can also contain commercially quantities of a 
fluorocarbon blowing agent apparently homogeneously dispersed therein. 
Another primary purpose of the present invention is to provide resin free 
polymer blends of the class indicated above which contain one or more of 
the compatibility agents as herein disclosed and which produce a storage 
stable system of low viscosity which when foamed produces an acceptable 
polyurethane or polyisocyanurate foam. 
Other and further objects, aims, purposes, features, advantages, 
embodiments, and the like will be apparent to those skilled in the art 
from the teachings of the present specification taken with the claims. 
DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
The resin prepolymer blends of the present invention are prepared by simply 
mixing together, in the quantities above indicated, the respective above 
indicated components in any suitable mixing zone (vessel, tank, etc.). 
Preferably, in a resin prepolymer blend of this invention, the ester above 
described phthalate bottoms derived polyol composition is employed within 
a range from about 25 to 50 weight percent, the above described polyol of 
formula (1) is employed within a range from about 2 to 35 weight percent, 
and the above described polyalkoxylated compound is employed in a range 
from about 5 to 20 weight percent, on a 100 weight percent total 
composition basis. 
The ester polyol compositions of the present invention are prepared by the 
procedures described in my above referenced copending U.S. patent 
application. Also, the polyols and preferred polyols employed in the resin 
blends of the present invention are as described in such copending U.S. 
patent application. 
As indicated above, preferred resin prepolymer blends of the present 
invention contain a fluorocarbon (and optionally water). Advantageously, 
and unexpectedly, such a fluorocarbon blowing agent is miscible with the 
resin blend. Typically, in a resin blend of this invention, when such a 
fluorocarbon is present, the quantity present is at least about 10 weight 
percent, and preferably at least about 20 weight percent on a 100 weight 
percent total blend composition basis. Up to about 50 weight percent by 
weight of a resin prepolymer blend of this invention can comprise 
fluorocarbon blowing agent with the balance up to 100 weight percent 
thereof being comprised of ester polyol composition, polyol, and 
polyalkoxylated compound, as above described. Up to about 10 weight 
percent of water can also be present in a resin prepolymer blend when 
fluorocarbon is present. 
The particular percent of fluorocarbon blowing agent to be dissolved in any 
given blend influences the exact, or optimized, respective quantities of 
the individual components employed in a resin blend. 
The fluorocarbon blowing agent can be any of the fluorocarbons known to 
those skilled in the art and which can be used for blowing polymer 
mixtures into cellular polyisocyanurates. In general, such blowing agents 
can be, if desired, additionally substituted by chlorine and/or bromine in 
addition to the fluorine content. Suitable initially liquified blowing 
agent low boiling gases include aliphatic and cycloaliphatic fluorocarbons 
which vaporize at or below the temperature of the foaming mass. Such gases 
are at least partially fluorinated and may also be otherwise halogenated. 
Illustrative of presently preferred fluorocarbon blowing agents are 
trichloromono-fluoromethane, dichlorodifluoromethane, 
1,1-dichloro-fluoroethane, 
1,1,1-trifluoro-2-fluoro-3,3-difluoro-4,4,4-trifluorobutane, 
hexafluorocyclobutene, octafluorocyclobutane, and the like; see also U.S. 
Pat, No. 3,745,133, column 11, lines 25 to 38 which disclosure relating to 
fluorocarbon blowing agents is incorporated by reference herein. 
As indicated above, unexpectedly, it appears to be advantageous for a 
product resin blend composition of this invention to contain a quantity of 
unreacted (excess) polyol of formula (1) above in the range indicated. The 
quantity of the formula (1) polyol present in any given instance appears 
to be dependent upon the effects or results desired (as in a resin blend 
prepared from a product composition of this invention) so that the exact 
amount is thus a choice of the user. The presence of such an excess 
appears to have various beneficial effects. For one thing, the compounding 
of a starting phthalate bottoms ester polyol composition into a resin 
blend containing a fluorocarbon blowing agent, such as can be accomplished 
when formulating a product ester polyol compostion of this invention to be 
used for subsequent reaction with an isocyanate in the presence of a 
catalyst to produce a product foam, appears to be beneficial because such 
formula (1) polyol excess in some cases, exerts a compatibilizing effect 
between the fluorocarbon blowing agent and the starting ester polyol 
composition (wherein the fluorocarbon blowing agent appears to be soluble 
or compatible only to a limited extent without the presence of some sort 
of compatibility agent). For another thing, the reactivity of (a) such a 
formulated resin blend of starting ester polyol composition with excess 
polyol of formula (1) and the indicated compatabilizing agent and a 
conventional organoisocyanate, in the presence of a catalyst, especially a 
conventional trimerization catalyst of the type used to make 
polyisocynaurate foams, appears to be accelerated by the presence of such 
an excess, as demonstrated, for example, by a characteristically shorter 
initial cream time and a shorter tack free time in a foaming and freshly 
foamed cellular product, as compared to, for example corresponding 
respective such times associated with a corresponding reaction of a 
formulated resin blend of starting ester polyol composition that contains 
very little, or even substantially no, excess formula ( 1) polyol. For 
still another thing, the cellular product formed from reaction of such a 
formulated resin blend containing excess formula (1) polyol and 
conventional isocyanate (in the presence of catalyst, especially a 
conventional trimerization catalyst) appears to have a better blush and a 
reduced friability, compared to, for example, corresponding cellular 
product produced with formulated resin blend of product ester polyol 
composition that contains very little, or even substantially no, excess 
formula (1) polyol. For still another thing, the ambient temperature 
fluidity of a starting ester polyol composition seems to be improved, and 
the liquid viscosity thereof lowered, by the presence of excess formula 
(1) polyol in combination therewith which permits ready and convenient 
blending of such a composite composition with other ingredients to produce 
a resin blend. The reasons for these various beneficial effects are not 
definitely known or understood at this time. 
The quantity of such an excess of formula (1) polyol used in combination 
with a starting ester polyol composition and the indicated compatibilizing 
agent which produces such a beneficial effect in the product blend as 
above indicated presently appears to be preferably in the range from about 
2 to about 45 weight percent based on 100 weight percent combined or 
composite composition of a product ester polyol composition and excess of 
at least one formula (1) polyol, though larger and smaller amounts of such 
a formula (1) polyol excess can be employed, if desired. The quantity of 
excess unreacted polyol formula(s) present in a starting ester polyol 
composition of this invention can be estimated by any convenient 
procedure. One presently preferred procedure is to employ gas 
chromatography. The difference between the amount of unreacted polyol 
(e.g., of formula (1)) and the balance up to 100 weight percent of any 
given starting ester polyol composition of this invention can be used 
conveniently as an estimate for the actual amount of phthalate polyester 
polyol present. 
As used herein, the term "initial cream time" has reference to the time 
required for foaming to commence in a fully mixed system of resin blend 
and isocyanate (including catalyst) using starting materials at 25.degree. 
C. 
Similarly, the term "tack free time" has reference to time required from 
initial mixing for a foam to achieve a condition such that an exposed 
surface thereof is tack free when contacted lightly by a human finger or 
the like. 
Similarly, the term "blush" has reference to the visual or optical 
appearance of the surface of a foam after total foam rise and achievement 
of tack free time. 
Similarly, the term "friability" has reference to the condition of the 
surface of a foam which has achieved a total foam rise and a tack free 
condition, as determined by moving a human finger or the like over such 
surface and visually observing whether crumbling or crushing of such 
surface is observed and, if so, the approximate extent thereof. 
The combination of such an excess of formula (1) polyol with starting ester 
polyol composition appears to cause an elevation of the hydroxyl number 
associated with a product resin prepolymer blend composition, and such 
increase in hydroxyl number is generally proportional to the quantity of 
such excess present. The type of formula (1) polyol and the quantity of 
the excess thereof present may influence the first value of the hydroxyl 
number existing in any given resin prepolymer blend containing starting 
ester polyol composition. Owing to the possible compositional variations 
in a starting ester polyol composition, it is not presently possible to 
provide information about exact respective quantities of starting ester 
polyol composition and of formula (1) polyol which will produce a given 
hydroxyl number in a product resin prepolymer blend. 
However, and for example, in the case of a preferred starting ester polyol 
composition prepared by using a preferred phthalic anhydride bottoms 
composition, and, as the formula (1) polyol, diethylene glycol, and by 
using preferred esterification conditions as taught in U.S. Ser. No. 
507,532 it is observed that the hydroxyl number of such a product resin 
blend composition appears to be elevated by about 10 for each 1 weight 
percent of added or excess diethylene glycol on a total product 
composition weight percent basis. Also multifunctional (polyhydroxylated) 
polyols of formula (1) appear to elevate the hydroxyl number of a product 
resin blend composition at a faster rate per quantity therein present than 
is associated with dihydroxylated polyols of formula (1). Presently 
available information suggests that the hydroxyl number of a product resin 
blend is preferably kept below about 380, especially when the manufacture 
of polyisocyanurate foams is contemplated therefrom, but composite 
compositions having higher hydroxyl numbers can be prepared and utilized 
to make resin blends, if desired, as those skilled in the art will 
appreciate. 
At the present time, no means is known for quantitatively correlating the 
hydroxyl number of a resin blend composition with one or more of the 
beneficial effects above described; the number of variables involved 
apparently makes such a generalization exceedingly difficult, if not 
impossible, to achieve. 
For a given formulated resin blend containing a starting ester polyol 
composition with excess formula (1) polyol (particularly diethylene 
glycol), available data indicates that when the hydroxyl number is within 
the preferred range of 270 to 480, the resin blend will produce a 
desirable or useful combination of beneficial effects, such as those 
described above. By simple conventional experimentation, those skilled in 
the art can and will routinely correlate for a particular system the 
hydroxyl number of a composite resin blend composition with such 
beneficial effects. 
For example, one presently preferred class of resin blends produced from 
more preferred product ester polyol compositions of the present invention 
using diethylene glycol as the formula (1) polyol is characterized by 
having the following formulation: 
TABLE I 
______________________________________ 
Resin Prepolymer Blend 
Preferred 
Component.sup.1 (100 wt % basis) 
______________________________________ 
(1) ester polyol composition.sup.2 
25-50 
(2) total content of unreacted diethylene 
2-35 
glycol.sup.3 
(3) fluorocarbon (low molecular weight 
25-40 
fluorinated alkane) 
(4) ethoxylated alkyl phenol 
5-20 
(5) dimethylpolysiloxane polyalkylene 
0.5-3 
oxide copolymer 
(6) polyisocyanurate catalyst 
1-7 
(7) flame retardant 0-15 
(8) ethoxylated cocoamine.sup.4 
0-20 
______________________________________ 
Table I Footnotes: 
.sup.1 The individual components are preferably so selected that a produc 
resin blend has a hydroxyl number preferably ranging from about 100 to 30 
and a viscosity preferably ranging from about 100 to 3000 centipoises 
(both measured as herein above described). 
.sup.2 Calculated as difference from gas chromatographic analysis of 
unreacted polyol content of a polyester polyol product composition of thi 
invention. The ester polyol composition is characterized by containing on 
a total resin blend composition basis: 
(A) from about 7.0 to 45 weight percent of acetone insolubles, and 
(B) from about 55 to 93 weight percent of esters produced by the reaction 
of phthalic anhydride with diethylene glycol, 
said ester polyol composition having been produced by contacting a 
phthalic anhydride bottoms composition with diethylene glycol while 
maintaining liquid phase reaction conditions and a temperature ranging 
from about 190 to 250.degree. C. using an initial mole ratio of said 
diethylene glycol to said phthalic anhydride bottoms composition of from 
about 2 to 4 based on an estimate of the total carboxylic acid and 
carboxylic acid anhydride content of said phthalic anhydride bottoms 
composition. 
.sup.3 Includes unreacted polyol present in a product polyester polyol 
composition plus added polyol. 
.sup.4 Usually used in an amount ranging from about 1.5 to 12 weight 
percent. 
Preferably a resin blend additionally contains dissolved therein from about 
25 to 40 weight percent of a low molecular weight fluorinated alkane on a 
total weight basis. 
Preferably a resin blend additionally contains dissolved therein from about 
0.5 to 3 weight percent of a dimethyl polysiloxane polyalkylene oxide 
copolymer on a total weight basis as a cell stabilizing surfactant. 
Preferably a resin blend additionally contains dissolved therein from about 
1 to 7 weight percent of a polyisocyanurate catalyst on a total weight 
basis. 
Preferably a resin blend additionally contains dissolved therein from 
greater than 0 up to about 15 weight percent of a flame retardant on a 
total weight basis. 
Preferably, a resin blend utilizes as the wherein said nonionic 
polyalkoxylated compound an ethoxylated alkyl phenol. 
Preferably a resin blend additionally contains on a total weight basis from 
greater than 0 up to about 20 weight percent of at least one diol of the 
formula: 
##STR4## 
wherein: each R.sub.1 is independently selected from the group consisting 
of hydrogen and methyl, 
R.sub.2 is an aliphatic radical having from 7 to 35 carbon atoms inclusive, 
R.sub.3 is a divalent radical selected from the group consisting of 
##STR5## 
and x and y are each a positive whole number having an average value 
between about one and twenty inclusive. 
Preferably, the diol of formula (3) comprises an ethoxylated cocoamine 
containing from about 5 to 15 moles of combined ethylene oxide per 
molecule or an ethoxylated cocamide containing from about 5 to 15 moles of 
combined ethylene oxide per molecule. 
In a preferred embodiment of a resin blend of this invention, there is 
additionally present an isocyanate polymerization (preferably 
trimerization) catalyst on a total weight basis in a range from about 0.5 
to 10 weight percent with the balance of about 90 to 99.5 weight percent 
comprising a polyol blend composition of this invention containing also 
fluorocarbon blowing agent. Preferably this range extends from about 2 to 
8 weight percent with the balance (92 to 98 weight percent) being such a 
polyol blend composition and fluorocarbon blowing agent. 
Minor amounts (typically less than about 15 wt %) of other optional 
additives can be added to a blend composition of this invention without 
detracting from the miscibility and stability of product blends. Such 
other additives include, for example, nonreactive and reactive flame 
retardants and the like which are commonly employed in the art of making 
cellular polyisocyanurates. 
Surprisingly, the fluorocarbon blowing agent and the resin blend (with or 
without the presence of such catalyst) are completely miscible in each 
other with no separation occurring during storage, such miscibility being 
due to the presence of compound(s) of formulae (1) and (2). A resin polyol 
blend composition with miscible added fluorocarbon blowing agent and 
catalyst and optional cell stabilizing surfactant may be reacted with 
organic isocyanates to produce, for example, product polyisocyanurate 
foams having acceptable physical properties, such as foam stability, 
friability, compressive strength, and the like. 
In the preparation of a polyisocyanurate foam of the present invention, a 
resin blend composition in admixture with a fluorocarbon (and optionally 
water) blowing agent, preferably a cell stabilizing surfactant, and 
preferably a polymerization (preferably a trimerization) catalyst, forms a 
so-called resin precursor blend or B side component or composition for 
reaction with a so called A side component or composition comprised of 
organic polyisocyanate. The respective preferred quantities of B side 
blend components are as indicated above in Table I. Thus, for example, a B 
blend contains from about 0.5 to 10, preferably about 3 to 6, weight 
percent of a trimerization catalyst, and the balance comprises from about 
90 to 99.5, preferably about 94 to 97, weight percent, of resin blend 
composition in combination with fluorocarbon blowing agent is present in 
the range from about 10 to 50 weight percent (same basis), with the 
balance of B side blend components thus being from about 50 to 90 (total 
weight basis). 
In a mixture of B side blend and A side blend, the total hydroxyl 
equivalents present in such a B side blend at the time of reaction ranges 
from about 0.20 to 0.50 (and preferably from about 0.20 to 0.40) per 
isocyanate equivalent of such A side polyisocyanate. 
A class of presently preferred resin prepolymer blend formulations of this 
invention are characterized as shown in Table II below: 
TABLE II 
______________________________________ 
Composition of Preferred Resin Prepolymer Blends 
(100 weight percent basis) 
More 
Preferred Preferred 
No. Component wt. % range 
wt % range 
______________________________________ 
1. ester polyol composition 
25-50 30-40 
2. Formula (1) polyol 
2-35 5-10 
3. Formula (2) polyalkoxylated 
5-20 8-15 
compound 
4. Formula (3) diol 0-20 2-10 
5. fluorocarbon blowing agent 
25-40 30-35 
6. water 0.05-10 0.1-1.0 
7. trimerization catalyst 
1.0-7.0 3-6 
8. cell stabilizing surfactant 
0.5-3 1-2 
______________________________________ 
It is preferred to employ in the Table II compositions as shown from about 
1 to 3 weight percent of (based on total resin or B side component blend) 
a cell stabilizing surfactant which improves and promotes development of 
fine, uniform foam cells. Presently preferred such cell stabilizing 
surfactants are commercially available and include silicones, such as 
dimethyl polysiloxane-polyalkylene oxide copolymers. Organic cell 
stabilizing surfactants are also known to this art. 
Preferred resin blend formulations of Table II utilize as shown second 
hydroxyl containing polyols. More preferred second hydroxyl containing 
polyols are presently dialkylene glycols, such as diethylene glycol, 
dipropylene glycol, and polyalkoxylated glycerines containing from about 3 
to 6 moles of condensed alkylene oxide. 
A trimerization catalyst employed in the practice of this invention can be 
any catalyst known to those skilled in the art which will catalyze the 
trimerization of an organic isocyanate compound to form the isocyanurate 
moiety. 
The organic polyisocyanates employable in the practice of this invention 
can be the same as those previously employed in the art for making 
polyisocyanurates. Such materials are well known to those skilled in the 
art. 
Among the suitable polyisocyanates are those represented by the general 
formula: 
EQU Q(NCO).sub.i ( 4) 
wherein: 
i has an average value of at least two, and 
Q is an aliphatic, cycloaliphatic or aromatic radical which can be an 
unsubstituted hydrocarbyl group or a hydrocarbyl group substituted, for 
example, with halogen or alkoxyl. 
For example, Q can be an alkylene, cycloalkylene, arylene, 
alkyl-substituted cycloalkylene, alkylene or aralkylene radical including 
corresponding halogen-substituted radicals. Typical examples of suitable 
polyisocyanates known to the art for use in preparing cellular 
polyisocyanurates are: 1,6-hexamethylene diisocyanate, 1,4-tetramethylene 
diisocyanate, 1-methyl-2,4-diisocyanatocyclohexane, 
bis(4-isocyanatophenyl) methane, phenylene diisocyanates such as 
4-methoxy-1,3-phenylenediisocyanate, 4-chloro-,3-phenylenediisocyanate, 
4-bromo-1,3-phenylenediisocyanate, 5,6-dimethyl-1,3-phenylenediisocyanate, 
2,4-tolulene diisocyanates, crude tolylene diisocyanate, 
6-isopropyl-1,3-phenylenediisocyanate, durylene diisocyanate and 
triphenylmethane-4,4',4"-triisocyanate. Other suitable polyisocyanate 
reactants are ethylphosphonic diisocyanate and phenylphosphonic 
diisocyanate. Also useful are the polyisocyanates of the 
aniline-formaldehyde polyaromatic type which are produced by phosgenation 
of the polyamine obtained by acid catalyzed condensation of aniline with 
formaldehyde. Polyphenylmethylene polyisocyanates of this type are 
available commercially under such trade names as PAPI, Mondur, Rubinate, 
and the like. These products are low viscosity (50-1000 centipoises at 
25.degree. C.) liquids having average isocyanate functionalities in the 
range of about 2.0 to about 3.2 or higher, depending upon the specific 
aniline-to-formaldehyde molar ratio used in the polyamine preparation. 
Other useful polyisocyanates are combinations of diisocyanates with 
polymeric isocyanates containing more than two isocyanate groups per 
molecule. Illustrative of such combinations are: a mixture of 2,4-toluene 
diisocyanate, 2,6-toluene diisocyanate and the aforesaid 
polyphenyl-methylene polyisocyanates; and a mixture of isomeric toluene 
diisocyanates with polymeric toluene diisocyanates obtained as residues 
from the manufacture of the diisocyanates. 
One presently preferred polyfunctional organic polyisocyanate comprises 
polymethylene polyphenyl polyisocyanates containing significant levels of 
the 2-4'-isomer as disclosed, for example, in U.S. Pat. No. 3,362,979. A 
presently most preferred organic polyisocyanate is a mixture containing 
from about 30 to 85 weight percent of methylene bis(phenylisocyanate) with 
the remainder being polymethylene polyphenyl polyisocyanate of 
funtionality higher than 2.0 (on a 100 weight percent total polyisocyanate 
basis). 
In making polyisocyanurate foams of this invention, espcially laminates of 
such foams, the procedures and equipment conventional in the art are 
employed; see, for example, U.S. Pat. No. 3,896,052. 
One preferred compatibility agent of this present invention comprises in 
combination on a 100 weight percent total agent basis: 
from about 40 to 80 weight percent of at least one compound of formula (3), 
from about 20-60 weight percent of at least one compound of formula (2), 
and 
from 0 to 40 weight percent of at least one compound of formula (1). 
In such a compatibility agent, one presently preferred formula (3) material 
is an ethoxylated cocoamine or an ethoxylated cocamide wherein the number 
of moles of combined ethylene oxide ranges from about 5 to 15. Similarly, 
one presently preferred formula (1) compound is diethylene glycol. The 
presence of such a formula (1) compound aids in making this agent exist in 
a liquid or slurry form and also serves in making this agent more reactive 
[after blending with an aromatic ester polyol and with other materials as 
described herein to produce polyol blends and resin blends for reaction 
with isocyanates to produce preferably polyisocyanurate foams].

EMBODIMENTS 
The following examples are merely illustrative of the present invention and 
are not intended as a limitation upon the scope thereof. 
EXAMPLE 1 
A specimen of a phthalic anhydride bottoms composition is obtained having: 
(a) a phthalic anhydride content of about 60 weight percent (total 
composition basis), 
(b) a hydroxyl number estimated to be about 0, and 
(c) an acid number estimated to be about 500-700, 
and wherein the other components are believed to be within the ranges for a 
more preferred phthalic anhydride bottoms starting composition as shown in 
Table I of my earlier filed U.S. patent application U.S. Ser. No. 507,532 
filed June 27, 1983. 
To a three-liter, four-neck, round-bottom flask equipped with a stirrer, 
thermometer, nitrogen inlet tube, and a gooseneck condenser, there is 
added at ambient temperature and pressure 740 grams (about 3 moles) of the 
above phthalic anhydride bottoms in a pulverized form followed by 1060 
grams (about 10 moles) of diethylene glycol. The mixture is heated to 220 
C. and kept at this temperature until the acid number of the reaction 
mixture is found to be not more than about 7.0, and then sufficient 
diethylene glycol is removed from the reaction zone to achieve the final 
product hydroxyl and viscosity values. The reaction product is an ester 
polyol composition which, when cooled to room temperature, is a black 
liquid that is found to have a hydroxyl number of about 312 and a 
viscosity of about 25,000 centipoises at 25.degree. C. measured using a 
Brookfield viscometer (model RVF) with a #6 spindle operating at about 10 
rpm. Details for this Example are summarized in Table III below. 
TABLE III 
__________________________________________________________________________ 
Summary of Examples 1-8 
Reactants 
Wt. of Phthalic Process Conditions 
Product Characteristics.sup.(1) 
Example 
Anhydride Bottoms 
Wt. of Diethylene 
Reaction 
Reaction 
Acid Hydroxyl 
Viscosity 
Number 
(grams) Glycol (grams) 
Temp. (.degree.C.) 
Time (hrs) 
Number 
Number 
CPS at 25.degree. C. 
__________________________________________________________________________ 
1 740 1060 220 11.0 7.0 312 25,000 
.sup. 2.sup.(2) 
740 1060 220 5.0 0.5 226 61,000 
.sup. 3.sup.(2) 
740 1060 220 4.0 5.5 215 137,000 
4 725 1060 195 9.5 6.0 324 9,000 
5 745 1060 195 15.0 4.5 310 6,000 
6 743 1060 220 4.5 1.0 300 8,000 
7 746 1061 239 4.0 5.0 335 4,800 
8 750 1074 240 3.5 2.5 390 4,000 
__________________________________________________________________________ 
Table III Footnotes: 
.sup.(1) In each example, the product ester polyol composition is believe 
to be comprised of components at least 50 weight percent (on a 100 weight 
percent total composition basis) of which have aromatic nuclei, and at 
least two terminal hydroxyl groups per molecule, and at least two ester 
groups per molecule. In each example, the product ester polyol compositio 
is believed to contain from about 2 to 30 weight percent (on a 100 weight 
percent product basis) of excess unreacted residual diethylene glycol. In 
general, for a given product, the lower the content of residual diethylen 
glycol, the lower the hydroxyl number and the higher the viscosity 
thereof. 
.sup.(2) 100 parts per million based upon total charge of stannous octoat 
added as an esterification catalyst in these examples. 
EXAMPLES 2-8 
The procedure of Example 1 is repeated using different conditions to 
prepare various product ester polyol compositions. The details including 
weight of charges, reactant ratios, and product characteristics are 
summarized in Table III above. The reaction product in each instance is 
believed to contain diethylene glycol phthalate. 
Each of the products of Examples 1-8 is reactive with isocyanates to 
produce polyurethane and polyisocyanurate foam products. 
EXAMPLE 9 
The phthalic anhydride bottoms composition of Example 1 is reacted with 
1,1,1-trimethylolpropane as follows: 
To a 5 liter, four-neck, round-bottom flask equipped with a stirrer, 
thermometer, nitrogen inlet tube, and a gooseneck condenser, there is 
added 1480 grams (about 6 moles) of phthalic anhdyride bottoms and 2680 
grams (20 moles) of trimethylolpropane. The mixture is heated to 
190.degree. C. with stirring and kept at this temperature until the acid 
number is 5. The reaction product (an ester polyol composition) is then 
cooled to room temperature and analyzed. The hydroxyl number is found to 
be 565.2. The black product is a gel-like material at 25.degree. C. which 
contains compounds with the structural formula: 
##STR6## 
At least 50 weight percent of such product (100 weight percent total 
basis) is believed to comprise compounds which have an aromatic nucleus 
and which contain at least 2 hydroxyl groups per molecule. This reaction 
product is believed to contain from about 2 to 15 weight percent of the 
unreacted trimethylolpropane. 
This product is suitable for formulating with blowing agents, catalysts, 
and other polyols for reaction with isocyanates to produce useful foams. 
EXAMPLE 10 
For comparison purposes, a substantially pure diethylene glycol phthalate 
diester diol is prepared as follows: 
Phthalic anhydride believed to be of 99.7 weight percent purity (total 
composition basis) having a hydroxyl number of about 0 and an acid number 
of about 750 is obtained and 746 grams thereof (about 5 moles) is charged 
to a three-liter, four-neck, round-bottom flask equipped with a stirrer, 
thermometer, nitrogen inlet tube, and a goose-neck condenser at ambient 
temperature and pressure, followed by 10 grams (about 10 moles) of 
diethylene glycol. This mixture is heated at 239.degree. C. and kept at 
this temperature until the acid number of the reaction mixture is found to 
be about 2.9 (about 4 hours). The reaction product is believed to comprise 
diethylene glycol phthalate and is in the form of a pale yellow liquid at 
room temperature having a hydroxyl number of about 323 and a viscosity of 
about 2500 centipoises at 25.degree. C. [measured using a Brookfield 
viscometer (model RVF) with a #6 spindle operating at about 10 rpm]. The 
reaction product has a saponification value of 319, an ester value of 316, 
and an unknown acetone insolubles content of 4.24 weight percent (100 
weight percent total product basis). This reaction product also contains 
about 13.1 weight percent (total weight basis) of diethylene glycol. 
EXAMPLE 11 (A,B,C,D,E,F,G) 
Samples identified as A, B, C, D, F, and G of the ester polyol of Example 
1, and a sample identified as E of Example 10, are each blended with 
various of the ingredients shown in Table IV below to produce resin 
blends. Then a portion of each respective resin blend is admixed using a 
high speed drill press motor equipped with a stirrer blade with a 
polymeric isocyanate (polymethylene polyphenylisocyanate), Mondur MR from 
Mobay Chemical Co., to produce a polyurethane-polyisocyanurate type foam. 
The product foam produced in each case is characterized by a very fine cell 
structure with minimal surface friability and high load bearing properties 
which is considered surprising in the case of the foams mad with the resin 
blends A, B, C, and D that are derived from an ester polyol composition 
used in this invention. The compositions used are summarized in Table IV 
below. 
The product foam from resin blend E contains only the diethylene glycol 
phthalate of Example 10. This product foam is similar in its properties to 
the product foam from the resin blend A which, like the resin blend E, is 
believed to contain very little diethylene glycol. In order to dissolve 
the fluorocarbon blowing agent ("Freon 11B") in each of the resin blends A 
and E, it is desirable to use more ethoxylated octyl phenol ("Triton 
X-100") than is needed to dissolve the same fluorocarbon blowing agent in 
each of the resin blends B, C, and D which each contain diethylene glycol. 
The ethoxylated octyl phenol and the diethylene glycol may function as 
compatibility agents in these resin blends. 
The resin blends B, C, and D are easier to produce compared to the blends A 
and E apparently because the presence of the diethylene glycol in the case 
of blends B, C, and D aids in the blending operation. 
When combined with the isocyanate, each of the resin blends B, C, and D 
exhibits a shorter initial cream time and a shorter tack free time than do 
the respective resin blends A and E for comparable catalyst quantities. 
Considering each of the product foams produced, those foams resulting from 
resin blends B, C, and D appear to have a better blush and less friability 
than do those foams resulting from resin blends A and E. 
The hydroxyl number of each of the resin blends B, C, and D is greater than 
the hydroxyl number of each of the resin blends A and E which is believed 
to be a consequence of the presence of the higher concentration of 
diethylene glycol in such resin blends B, C, and D. 
By changing the weight ratio of isocyanate to resin formulations from those 
shown in Table IV to a value of about 50/50, product polyurethane-type 
foams of each such resin blend A through E are produced. Each product foam 
likewise has a very fine cell structure with minimal surface friability 
and high load bearing properties. 
Each of the products of Examples 2-8 (see Table III) when similarly 
prepared and reacted with an isocyanate produces polyurethane and 
polyisocyanurate foam products. 
TABLE IV 
__________________________________________________________________________ 
Resin Blend Formulation (100 wt % basis) 
Component A B C D E F G 
__________________________________________________________________________ 
Ester Polyol, Ex. 1 
32.6 
29.4 
46.0 
42.6 -- 44.0 
37.3 
Ester Polyol, Ex. 9 
-- -- -- -- 34.0 
-- -- 
Diethylene glycol 
-- 5.2 
2.4 5.8 -- -- -- 
"DC-193".sup.1 
2.0 
2.0 
2.6 2.6 2.0 
3.0 
2.0 
"Triton X-100".sup.2 
14.7 
12.7 
-- -- 13.0 
-- -- 
"Antiblaze 80".sup.3 
12.6 
12.6 
-- -- 14.0 
-- 12.6 
"DABCO TMR-2".sup.4 
2.0 
2.0 
-- -- 2.0 
3.0 
2.0 
"DMP-30".sup.5 
0.5 
0.5 
-- -- 1.0 
1.0 
0.5 
"Catalyst T-45".sup.6 
1.5 
1.5 
-- -- -- -- 1.5 
"Freon 11B".sup.7 
34.1 
34.1 
31.5 
31.5 34.0 
33.0 
34.1 
" Curithane 97".sup.8 
-- -- 5.4 5.4 -- -- -- 
"Tergitol XD".sup.9 
-- -- -- -- -- -- 10.0 
"Varonic K-215".sup.10 
-- -- 12.1 
12.1 -- -- -- 
"Ethoxylated Cocamide".sup.11 
-- -- -- -- -- 16.0 
-- 
Weight Ratio A/B.sup.12 
60/40 
60/40 
60/40 
58.1/41.9 
60/40 
66/34 
60/40 
Density, pcf 2.10 
2.23 
1.7 1.8 1.86 
2.02 
2.00 
__________________________________________________________________________ 
Table IV Footnotes: 
.sup.1 "DC193" is a trademark for dimethylpolysiloxane, polyalkylene oxid 
copolymer available commercially from Dow Corning. 
.sup.2 "Triton X100" is a trademark for ethoxylated octylphenol available 
commercially from Rohm and Haas believed to contain about 10-15 combined 
moles of ethylene oxide per molecule. 
.sup.3 "Antiblaze 80" is a trademark for tris (Bchloropropyl)-phosphate 
available commercially from Mobil Chemical Company. 
.sup.4 "DABCO TMR2" is a trademark for polyisocyanurate catalyst availabl 
commercially from Air Products Company. 
.sup.5 "DMP30" is a trademark for 2,4,6tri(dimethylaminomethyl) phenol 
available commercially from Rohm and Haas. 
.sup.6 "Catalyst T45" is a trademark for 50% potassium octoate in 
dipropylene glycol available commercially from M&T Chemicals. 
.sup.7 "Freon 11B" is a trademark for trichlorofluoromethane available 
commercially from E. I. duPont de Nemours and Company. 
.sup.8 "Curithane 97" is a trademark for polyisocyanurate catalyst 
available commercially from Upjohn Company. 
.sup.9 " Tergitol XD" is a trademark for alkoxylated (mixed ethylene oxid 
propylene oxide) butanol available commercially from Union Carbide 
Corporation. 
.sup.10 "Varonic K215" is a trademark for ethoxylated cocoamine available 
commercially from Sherex Chemical Company. 
.sup.11 "Ethoxylated Cocamide" is available commercially as amidox C5 fro 
Stepan Company. 
.sup.12 This ratio designates the weight ratio of isocyanate (designated 
as "A") to the weight ratio of resin formulation containing polyol produc 
of Example 1 (designated as "B"). 
EXAMPLE 12 
A heated specimen of a phthalic anhydride bottoms composition having (a) a 
phthalic anhydride content of about 60 weight percent (total composition 
basis), (b) a hydroxyl number estimated to be about zero, and (c) an acid 
number estimated to be about 500 is charged to a 60 gallon stainless steel 
reactor equipped with an agitator, thermocouple for measuring temperature, 
nitrogen inlet tube, and a distillation column. To the reactor is added at 
ambient pressure 148 pounds (about 1 pound mole) of such above-identified 
phthalic anhydride bottoms and 328 pounds (about 3.09 pound mole) of 
diethylenglycol. The mixture is heated to 223.degree. C. and kept at this 
temperature until the acid number of the reactant mixture is found to be 
about 5.5 (about 14 hours). The reaction product (an ester polyol 
composition) is then cooled to ambient temperature, and hydroxyl number, 
and viscosity values thereof are determined. The hydroxyl number is found 
to be about 329, and the viscosity of the black liquid product is found to 
be about 15,500 centipoises at 25.degree. C. measured using Brookfield 
viscometer (model RVF) with a #6 spindle at a speed of 10 rpm. Ester 
polyol composition being characterized by containing organic compounds at 
least 50 weight percent (on a 100 weight percent total composition basis) 
of which have aromatic nuclei, at least two terminal hydroxyl groups per 
molecule, and at least two ester groups per molecule. This reaction 
product is believed to contain about 10.6 weight percent (total 
composition basis) of unreacted diethylene glycol. In addition, this 
reaction product had a content of unknown acetone insolubles of about 35 
weight percent (total composition basis) and a saponification value of 
about 380. 
This product behaves similarly to the product of Example 1 with respect to 
its foam forming characteristics when it is formulated as shown in Example 
A of TABLE IV above with ethoxylated alkyl phenol. 
EXAMPLE 13 
A heated specimen of a phthalic anhydride bottoms composition having (a) a 
phthalic anhydride content of about 60 weight percent (total composition 
basis), (b) a hydroxyl number estimated to be about zero, and (c) an acid 
number estimated to be about 500 is charged to a 60 gallon stainless steel 
reactor equipped with an agitator, thermocouple for measuring temperature, 
nitrogen inlet tube, and a distillation column. To the reactor is added at 
ambient pressure 229 pounds (about 1 pound mole) of such above-identified 
phthalic anhydride bottoms and 305 pounds (about 2.88 pound mole) of 
diethylene glycol. The mixture is heated to 225.degree. C. and kept at 
this temperature until the acid number of the reactant mixture is found to 
be about 4 (about 15 hours). The reaction product (an ester polyol 
composition) is then cooled to ambient temperature, and hydroxyl number, 
and viscosity values thereof are determined. The hydroxyl number is found 
to be about 320, and the viscosity of the black liquid product is found to 
be about 16,800 centipoises at 25 .degree. C. measured using a Brookfield 
viscometer (model RVF) with a #6 spindle at a speed of 10 rpm. The ester 
polyol composition is characterized by containing organic compounds at 
least 50 weight percent (on a 100 weight percent total composition basis) 
of which have (a) aromatic nuclei, (b) at least two terminal hydroxyl 
groups per molecule, and (c) at least two ester groups per molecule. The 
reaction product is believed to contain about 15.8 weight percent (total 
composition basis) of unreacted diethylene glycol. In addition, this 
reaction product had a content of unknown acetone insolubles of about 15.6 
weight percent (total composition basis) and a saponification value of 
about 317. 
This product behaves similarly to the product of Example 1 with respect to 
its foam forming characteristics. 
The products of Examples 1-8, and 11-13 are analyzed further, and the 
combined results are shown in Table V below. Liquid chromatographic 
analysis confirms the qualitative similarity between the respective 
compositions of Examples 1-9 and 11-13. 
Additional samples of ester polyol, Example 1, blended with various 
ingredients are shown in Table VI below. When a portion of each respective 
resin blend was admixed using a high speed drill press motor equipped with 
a stirrer blade with a polymeric isocyanate (polymethylene 
polyphenylisocyanate), Mondur MR from Mobay Chemical Co., the foams 
produced in each case, except sample A, have a fine uniform cell 
structure. In the case of sample A the foam has a large course nonuniform 
cell structure. 
When other polyols of formula (1), such as ethylene glycol, tetraethylene 
glycol, glycerine, pentaerythritol, and 2,2-dimethyl-1,3,-propanediol, are 
reacted with a starting phthalic anhydride bottoms composition, product 
ester polyol compositions are produced which can be formulated with a 
formula (2) agent and with blowing agent and catalyst to produce resin 
blends that can then be reacted with isocyanate to produce useful foams. 
Having now fully described the invention, it will be apparent to one of 
ordinary skill in the art that many changes and modifications can be made 
thereto without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention as set 
forth herein. 
TABLE V 
__________________________________________________________________________ 
Ident. 
Component Magnus Polyol of Example No. 
No. or Property 
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 12 13 
__________________________________________________________________________ 
1 diethylene glycol 
15.6 
3.4 6.6 16.5 
13.9 
12.7 
19.6 
19.0 
-- 10.6 
15.8 
content (wt %) 
2 hydroxyl number 
312 226 215 324 
310 
300 
355 
390 
565.2 
329 320 
3 acid number 
7.0 0.5 5.5 6.0 
4.5 
1.0 
5.0 
2.5 
-- 5.5 4.4 
4 saponification number 
323 365 323 302 
304 
321 
298 
306 
-- 380 317 
5 ester value.sup.1 
316 364.5 
317.5 
296 
299.5 
320 
293 
303.5 
-- 374.5 
312.6 
6 unknown acetone 
18.2 
24.3 
11.3 
11.7 
7.2 
14.7 
12.2 
11.1 
10-20 
35.0 
15.6 
insolubles content 
(wt %) 
7 viscosity, cps 
25000 
61000 
13700 
9000 
6000 
8000 
4800 
4000 
-- 15000 
16800 
8 1,1,1-trimethylol 
-- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 2-15 
-- -- 
propane content 
(wt %) 
9 mole ratio of bottoms 
1:3.1 
1:3.1 
1:3.1 
1:3.1 
1:3.1 
1:3.1 
1:3.1 
1:3.1 
1:3.1 
1:3.3 
1:3.3 
to polyol.sup.2 
__________________________________________________________________________ 
Table V Footnotes: 
.sup.1 The term "ester value" references the number of milligrams of 
potassium hydroxide needed to react with the ester groups present in one 
gram of sample minus the number of milligrams of potassium hydroxide 
required to neutralize the acid material present in one gram of sample. 
.sup.2 The term "mole ratio of bottoms to polyol" references the 
calculated molar quantity of carboxylic compounds to formula (1) polyol 
molar quantity in any given example. The carboxylic compounds are assumed 
to be a 50/20 ratio of phthalic anhydride to trimellitic anhydride. 
TABLE VI 
__________________________________________________________________________ 
Sample Resin Blend Formulation 
Component A B C D E F G H I J 
__________________________________________________________________________ 
Ester polyol, Example 1 
60.5 
48.4 
48.4 
48.4 
42.4 
48.4 
48.4 
42.4 
48.4 
48.4 
DC-193 2.6 
2.6 
2.6 
2.6 
2.6 
2.6 
2.6 
2.6 
2.6 
2.6 
Curithane 97 
5.4 
5.4 
5.4 
5.4 
5.4 
5.4 
5.4 
5.4 
5.4 
5.4 
Freon 11B 31.5 
31.5 
31.5 
31.5 
31.5 
31.5 
31.5 
31.5 
31.5 
31.5 
Triton X-100 
-- -- -- 12.1 
-- -- -- -- -- -- 
Makon 6.sup.(1) 
-- 12.1 
-- -- -- -- -- 12.1 
6.0 
-- 
Makon 14.sup.(1) 
-- -- 12.1 
-- -- -- -- -- -- 6.0 
Ethonix 1214-6.5.sup.(2) 
-- -- -- -- 12.1 
-- -- -- -- -- 
Varonic K-215 
-- -- -- -- -- 12.1 
-- -- 6.1 
-- 
Amidox C-5 -- -- -- -- -- -- 12.1 
-- -- 6.1 
Tergitol XD.sup.(3) 
-- -- -- -- -- -- -- 6.0 
-- -- 
__________________________________________________________________________ 
Table VI Footnotes: 
.sup.(1) "Makon 6 and Makon 14" are trademarks for ethoxylated alkyl 
phenol available commercially from Stepan Company. 
.sup.(2) "Ethonix 12146.5" is a trademark for ethoxylated alkyl alcohols 
available commercially from Ethyl Corporation. 
.sup.(3) "Tergitol XD" is a trademark for alkoxylated butanol available 
commercially from Union Carbide Corporation.