Burner, burner system, integrated gasification combined cycle, and method for moving burner

To provide a burner that makes it possible to reduce error displacement of the distal end position of a burner main body when the burner main body is inserted. A burner (161) includes: a burner main body (162); a plurality of driving cylinders (163) that are disposed parallel to a direction of an axis line in which the burner main body (162) moves, and drive movement of the burner main body (162); a connecting member that connects the burner main body (162) and the plurality of driving cylinders (163); and a fitting member (170) that is provided between the burner main body (162) and the connecting member, and constrains relative movement in the direction of the axis line (X) and permits relative movement in a direction perpendicular to the direction of the axis line (X).

TECHNICAL FIELD

The present disclosure relates to a burner, a burner system, an integrated gasification combined cycle, and a method for moving the burner.

BACKGROUND ART

There is known, as a gasifier unit, a carbonaceous fuel gasifier unit (coal gasifier unit) that feeds carbonaceous feedstock such as coal into a gasifier and causes the carbonaceous feedstock to be partially combusted and gasified, thereby producing combustible gas.

Of burners provided in the gasifier, a slag melting burner that melts slag in the gasifier is generally installed in a combustor section provided below a reductor section of the gasifier. The slag melting burner has a multiple-pipe structure including an outer tube and an inner tube (a main body of the slag melting burner). When the slag melting burner is lit and used, the distal end position of the slag melting burner is disposed in a predetermined position inside a gasifier wall so as to be small in error, and a length portion inserted into the inside of the furnace has a long length. The slag melting burner is configured that when it is not in use, the portion inserted into the inside of the gasifier wall can be operated from the outside of the furnace and pulled out to a predetermined position near the gasifier wall so that it is possible to suppress damage due to a high-temperature atmosphere within the gasifier wall. Thus, a distal end portion of the slag melting burner to be inserted into the inside of the gasifier wall is inserted into the inside of the gasifier wall and lit when the slag melting burner is used, and is caused to wait in a state of being retracted to near the gasifier wall when it is not in use, and thereby suppresses damage due to heat within the gasifier wall.

As for an insertion/retraction device that performs insertion and retraction of a burner or the like, for example, technologies such as those in Patent Literatures 1 and 2 described below have been reported. Patent Literature 1 discloses a configuration in which a cylinder for driving and a piston rod are supported by insertion/retraction device supporting hardware or fixing hardware, and the insertion/retraction device supporting hardware is connected to a shut-off valve through an outer tube. Patent Literature 2 discloses a structure in which a holding part fitted into a transmission member makes the axial center of an existing pipe and the axial center of a retraction device coincident.

CITATION LIST

Patent Literature

[PTL 2] the Publication of Japanese Patent No. 3410979

SUMMARY OF INVENTION

Technical Problem

Here, when an insertion/retraction device causes a burner main body of a slag melting burner to make an insertion/retraction movement to/from the inside of a gasifier wall, in a case where a thrust direction of a driving cylinder in the insertion/retraction device does not coincide with a longitudinal axial direction of the burner main body making the insertion/retraction movement, stress caused by a bending moment is generated in each connection between the insertion/retraction device and the burner main body, which produces a load on the connection between the insertion/retraction device and the burner main body. Furthermore, in a case where a plurality of driving cylinders are provided to cause the burner main body to make an insertion/retraction movement, there is a possibility that the driving cylinders are not mutually synchronized, and their thrust direction deflects (varies) to a direction intersecting with the longitudinal axial direction in which the burner main body makes the insertion/retraction movement, and thus the insertion/retraction movement of the burner main body is not made smoothly.

Moreover, even if the angle of deflection caused by discordance of the thrust direction of the driving cylinders and the longitudinal axial direction of the burner main body making the insertion/retraction movement is a small deflection angle, in a case of a burner that the length of a distal end of its burner main body to be inserted is long just like a slag melting burner, error displacement of the distal end position of the burner main body becomes larger, and thus it is necessary to increase the accuracy of position management at the time of insertion of the burner main body, and the management becomes difficult. Therefore, in a case where the position of the distal end of the burner main body when inserted is a position incapable of emission of a jet of fuel toward an intended predetermined position, it fails to sufficiently demonstrate an effect of melting slag when a slag melting burner is used, and there is a fear of degrading the performance of a gasifier.

In this way, when a distal end of a burner main body of a burner that the length of its distal end to be inserted is long makes an insertion/retraction movement, it is necessary to contrive to avoid generation of a bending moment in the burner main body and deflection of the burner main body to a direction intersecting with a longitudinal axial direction that is a direction of the insertion/retraction movement.

The present disclosure has been made in view of such circumstances, and is intended to provide a burner that makes it possible to reduce error displacement of the distal end position of a burner main body when the burner main body is inserted, a burner system and an integrated gasification combined cycle that include the burner, and a method for moving the burner.

Solution to Problem

To solve the above-described problems, the present disclosure adopts the following means.

A burner of the present disclosure includes: a burner main body; a plurality of driving cylinders that are disposed parallel to a direction of an axis line in which the burner main body moves, and drive movement of the burner main body; a connecting member that connects the burner main body and the plurality of driving cylinders; and a fitting member that is provided between the burner main body and the connecting member, and constrains relative movement in the direction of the axis line and permits relative movement in a direction perpendicular to the direction of the axis line.

The burner of the present disclosure can move the burner main body in the direction of the axis line. The plurality of driving cylinders that are disposed parallel to the direction of the axis line that is a moving direction of a distal end of the burner main body and drive movement of the burner main body is connected to the burner main body by the connecting member (a support part). Then, the fitting member (a key) that constrains the relative movement in the direction of the axis line and permits the relative movement in the direction perpendicular to the direction of the axis line is provided between the burner main body and the connecting member. The fitting member constrains the relative movement of the burner main body in the direction of the axis line, and thereby a thrust direction in which thrust of the plurality of driving cylinders is produced coincides with the direction of the axis line of the burner main body, and therefore it is possible to transmit the thrust of the plurality of driving cylinders to the burner main body smoothly. Furthermore, the fitting member is configured to permit the relative movement in the direction perpendicular to the direction of the axis line of the burner main body. Thus, even if an assembly error or the like occurs, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of deflection that is a difference between the direction of the axis line and the thrust direction of the driving cylinders. For example, in a case of the burner that the length of the distal end of the burner main body to be inserted is long just like a slag melting burner, the distal end of the burner main body retracted from the inside of a gasifier wall to near the gasifier wall may be again inserted into the inside of the gasifier wall for a reason of changing the position of the distal end of the burner main body depending on whether or not the burner is used or some other reason. The deflection (for example, variation) between the direction of the axis line of the burner main body (the direction of insertion/retraction movement of the burner main body into/from the inside of the furnace) and the thrust direction of the driving cylinders at this time can be reduced as much as possible. Thus, it is possible to reduce error displacement of the distal end position of the burner main body when inserted. Therefore, it becomes easy to emit a jet of fuel from the distal end of the burner main body toward an intended position, which makes it possible to suitably melt slag.

The above-described burner further includes: a burner-main-body-side groove provided on a periphery-side surface of the burner main body; and a connecting-member-side groove provided on a surface of the connecting member that faces the periphery-side surface of the burner main body in a position that faces the burner-main-body-side groove, in which the fitting member is preferably fitted and fixed into the burner-main-body-side groove and the connecting-member-side groove.

In this way, a key structure is adopted, in which by fitting and fixing the fitting member into the burner-main-body-side groove of the burner main body and the connecting-member-side groove of the connecting member, respective side surfaces that face each other are provided with recessed portions, and the fitting member is provided with a protruding portion that is fitted into the recessed portions. Thus, in a simple structure, the thrust of the plurality of driving cylinders can be more smoothly transmitted to the burner main body.

It is preferable that the above-described burner includes one electric motor that moves the connecting member connecting the plurality of driving cylinders in the direction of the axis line.

In the burner of the present disclosure, the plurality of driving cylinders are moved by one electric motor and also stopped by the one electric motor; therefore, the plurality of driving cylinders can be driven collectively in synchronization with one another, and the movement of the connecting member connecting the plurality of driving cylinders in the direction of the axis line can be certainly stopped.

In the above-described burner, it is preferable that each of the plurality of driving cylinders be provided with a limit switch that detects displacement of each of the driving cylinders in the direction of the axis line, and, when pressed down, transmits a stop signal regarding stop of the plurality of driving cylinders, and the electric motor stops movement of each of the plurality of driving cylinders on the basis of an output of the limit switch.

By providing each of the plurality of driving cylinders with the limit switch that detects displacement of the driving cylinders in the direction of the axis line and stops the movement of the driving cylinders, it becomes possible to stop the plurality of driving cylinders simultaneously in synchronization with one another. Thus, it is possible to stop the movement of the burner main body in the direction of the axis line with accuracy. The control of the limit switches can be configured to be performed by, for example, a striker that moves following the movement of the driving cylinder in the direction of the axis line.

The present disclosure provides a burner system including: the above-described burner; and a control section that controls movement of the plurality of driving cylinders in the direction of the axis line.

The burner system of the present disclosure includes the burner in which burner main body and the plurality of driving cylinders are connected by the connecting member, and is provided with the fitting member (a key) that constrains the relative movement in the direction of the axis line and permits the relative movement in the direction perpendicular to the direction of the axis line between the burner main body and the connecting member. Therefore, even if the control of again inserting the distal end of the burner main body retracted from the inside of the gasifier wall to near the gasifier wall into the inside of the gasifier wall, for example, for a reason of changing the position of the distal end of the burner main body depending on whether or not the burner is used or some other reason is performed, it is possible to reduce as much as possible the deflection (for example, variation) between the direction of the axis line of the burner main body (the direction of insertion/retraction movement of the burner main body into/from the inside of the furnace) and the thrust direction of the driving cylinders. Thus, it is possible to reduce error displacement of the distal end position of the burner main body when inserted. Therefore, it becomes easy to emit a jet of fuel from the distal end of the burner main body toward an intended position, which makes it possible to suitably melt slag.

The present disclosure provides an integrated gasification combined cycle including: a gasifier that partially combusts and gasifies carbonaceous feedstock that contains carbon; the above-described burner provided in the gasifier; a gas turbine that is driven to rotate by combusting at least a portion of raw syngas produced in the gasifier; a steam turbine that is driven to rotate with steam produced in a heat recovery steam generator into which turbine flue gas discharged from the gas turbine is introduced; and a generator that is rotationally coupled to the gas turbine and/or the steam turbine.

The integrated gasification combined cycle of the present disclosure includes the above-described burner, and therefore can emit a jet of fuel from the distal end of the burner toward an intended position, which makes it possible to suitably melt slag. Thus, the integrated gasification combined cycle is highly reliable.

The present disclosure provides a method for moving a burner including: a burner main body; a plurality of driving cylinders that are disposed parallel to a direction of an axis line in which the burner main body moves, and drive movement of the burner main body; a connecting member that connects the burner main body and the plurality of driving cylinders; and a fitting member that is provided between the burner main body and the connecting member, and constrains relative movement in the direction of the axis line and permits relative movement in a direction perpendicular to the direction of the axis line, the method including a moving step of moving the plurality of driving cylinders in directions of respective axis lines of the plurality of driving cylinders, thereby moving the burner main body in the direction of the axis line of the burner main body.

In the method for moving the burner of the present disclosure, the burner in which the plurality of driving cylinders are connected to the burner main body by the connecting member (the support part) is used; the plurality of driving cylinders are disposed parallel to the direction of the axis line that is the moving direction of the distal end of the burner main body, and drive movement of the burner main body. Then, in this burner, the fitting member (the key) is provided between the burner main body and the connecting member; the fitting member constrains the relative movement in the direction of the axis line, and permits the relative movement in the direction perpendicular to the direction of the axis line. The fitting member constrains the relative movement of the burner main body in the direction of the axis line, and thereby a direction of movement caused by the thrust of the plurality of driving cylinders coincides with the direction of the axis line of the burner main body, and therefore it is possible to transmit the thrust of the plurality of driving cylinders to the burner main body smoothly at the moving step. Furthermore, the fitting member is configured to permit the relative movement of the burner main body in the direction perpendicular to the direction of the axis line; thus, even if an assembly error or the like occurs, it is possible to suppress deflection that is a difference between the direction of the axis line and the thrust direction of the driving cylinders. For example, in a case of the burner that the length of the distal end of the burner main body to be inserted is long just like a slag melting burner, it is possible to reduce as much as possible the deflection (for example, variation) between the direction of the axis line of the burner main body (the direction of insertion/retraction movement of the burner main body into/from the inside of the furnace) and the thrust direction of the driving cylinders when the distal end of the burner main body retracted from the inside of the gasifier wall to near the gasifier wall is again inserted into the inside of the gasifier wall for a reason of changing the position of the distal end of the burner main body depending on whether or not the burner is used or some other reason. Thus, it is possible to reduce error displacement of the distal end position of the burner main body when inserted. Therefore, it becomes easy to emit a jet of fuel from the distal end of the burner main body toward an intended position, which makes it possible to suitably melt slag.

Advantageous Effects of Invention

The burner according to the present disclosure can reduce as much as possible the deflection between the direction of the axis line in which the burner main body makes insertion/retraction movement and the thrust direction of the driving cylinders. Thus, it is possible to reduce error displacement of the distal end position of the burner main body when inserted.

DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS

An embodiment of a burner, a burner system, an integrated gasification combined cycle, and a method for moving the burner according to the present disclosure will be described below with reference to drawings. It is to be noted that in the present embodiment, the “upper” indicates a vertically upward direction in a vertical direction, and the “lower” indicates a vertically downward direction in the vertical direction.

A burner according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is described below with reference to drawings.

FIG. 1is a schematic configuration diagram of an integrated coal gasification combined cycle applied with the burner according to the present embodiment.

An integrated coal gasification combined cycle (IGCC)10applied with a gasifier unit14according to the present embodiment adopts an air combustion system that uses mainly air as oxygen containing gas, and produces combustible gas (raw syngas) from fuel in the gasifier unit14. Then, after purifying the raw syngas produced in the gasifier unit14into fuel gas in a gas clean-up unit16, the integrated coal gasification combined cycle10feeds the fuel gas into a gas turbine17thereby generating electric power. That is, the integrated coal gasification combined cycle10according to the present embodiment is an air-combustion (air-blown) power unit. As fuel fed into the gasifier unit14, for example, carbonaceous feedstock such as coal is used.

As shown inFIG. 1, the integrated coal gasification combined cycle (integrated gasification combined cycle)10includes a coal feeding unit11, the gasifier unit14, a char recovery unit15, the gas clean-up unit16, the gas turbine17, a steam turbine18, a generator19, and a heat recovery steam generator (HRSG)20.

The coal feeding unit11is fed with, as raw coal, coal that is carbonaceous feedstock, and pulverizes the coal using a coal mill (not shown) or the like, thereby producing pulverized coal pulverized into fine particles. The pulverized coal produced in the coal feeding unit11is pressurized with nitrogen gas as inert gas for conveyance fed from a later-described air separation unit42at an outlet of a coal feed line11aand is fed into the gasifier unit14. Inert gas is inactive gas with oxygen content of about 5 vol % or less, and includes, as representative examples, nitrogen gas, carbon dioxide gas, argon gas, etc.; however, it is not necessarily limited to be about 5 vol % or less.

The gasifier unit14is fed with the pulverized coal produced in the coal feeding unit11, and is also fed with char (unreacted content and ash content of coal) recovered in the char recovery unit15for the purpose of reuse.

The gasifier unit14is connected with a compressed air feed line41from the gas turbine17(a compressor61); a portion of compressed air compressed in the gas turbine17is boosted to a predetermined pressure by a booster68and can be fed into the gasifier unit14. The air separation unit42separates and generates nitrogen and oxygen from air in the atmosphere; the air separation unit42and the gasifier unit14are connected by a first nitrogen feed line43. Then, this first nitrogen feed line43is connected with the coal feed line11afrom the coal feeding unit11. A second nitrogen feed line45that diverges from the first nitrogen feed line43is also connected to the gasifier unit14; this second nitrogen feed line45is connected with a char return line46from the char recovery unit15. Furthermore, the air separation unit42is connected to the compressed air feed line41by an oxygen feed line47. Then, the nitrogen separated by the air separation unit42circulates through the first nitrogen feed line43and the second nitrogen feed line45, thereby being used as gas for conveyance of coal and char. The oxygen separated by the air separation unit42circulates through the oxygen feed line47and the compressed air feed line41, thereby being used as oxygen containing gas in the gasifier unit14.

The gasifier unit14includes, for example, a two-stage entrained bed type gasifier101(seeFIG. 2). The gasifier unit14partially combusts the coal (pulverized coal) and char fed into the inside thereof with oxygen containing gas (air, oxygen), thereby gasifying them into raw syngas. It is to be noted that the gasifier unit14is provided with a foreign material disassembling unit48that removes foreign material (slag) mixed into the pulverized coal. Then, this gasifier unit14is connected with a raw syngas line49to feed raw syngas into the char recovery unit15, which makes it possible to discharge raw syngas including char. In this case, the raw syngas line49may be provided with a syngas cooler102(a gas cooler) as shown inFIG. 2, and the raw syngas may be cooled to a predetermined temperature and then fed into the char recovery unit15.

The char recovery unit15includes a dust collecting unit51and a feed hopper52. In this case, the dust collecting unit51includes one or more cyclones or porous filters, and can separate char included in the raw syngas produced in the gasifier unit14. Then, the raw syngas from which char has been separated is fed into the gas clean-up unit16through a gas discharge line53. The feed hopper52accumulates the char separated from the raw syngas in the dust collecting unit51. It is to be noted that a bin may be provided between the dust collecting unit51and the feed hopper52, and a plurality of feed hoppers52may be configured to be connected to this bin. Then, the char return line46from the feed hopper52is connected to the second nitrogen feed line45.

The gas clean-up unit16removes impurities such as a sulfur compound and a nitrogen compound from the raw syngas from which char has been separated by the char recovery unit15, thereby performing gas purification. Then, the gas clean-up unit16purifies the raw syngas and produces fuel gas, and feed the fuel gas into the gas turbine17. It is to be noted that the raw syngas from which char has been separated still includes sulfur content (such as H2S); therefore, in this gas clean-up unit16, the sulfur content is removed and collected with an amine absorbent or the like and used effectively.

The gas turbine17includes the compressor61, a combustor62, and a turbine63; the compressor61and the turbine63are joined by a rotating shaft64. The combustor62is connected with a compressed air feed line65from the compressor61, and connected with a fuel gas feed line66from the gas clean-up unit16, and further connected with a combustion gas feed line67extending toward the turbine63. The gas turbine17is provided with the compressed air feed line41extending from the compressor61to the gasifier unit14, and the booster68is provided midway in the compressed air feed line41. Therefore, the combustor62mixes a portion of compressed air fed from the compressor61and at least a portion of fuel gas fed from the gas clean-up unit16, and combusts the mixture thereby producing combustion gas, and feeds the produced combustion gas into the turbine63. Then, the turbine63drives the rotating shaft64to rotate with the fed combustion gas, thereby driving the generator19to rotate.

The steam turbine18includes a turbine69coupled to the rotating shaft64of the gas turbine17, and the generator19is coupled to a base end of this rotating shaft64. The heat recovery steam generator20is connected with a flue gas line70from the gas turbine17(the turbine63), and performs heat exchange between water fed into the heat recovery steam generator20and flue gas of the turbine63, thereby producing steam. Then, the heat recovery steam generator20is provided with a steam feed line71and a steam recovery line72between the steam turbine18and the turbine69, and the steam recovery line72is provided with a condenser73. The steam produced in the heat recovery steam generator20may include steam produced by the syngas cooler102of the gasifier101through heat exchange with raw syngas. Therefore, in the steam turbine18, the turbine69is driven to rotate by the steam fed from the heat recovery steam generator20, and rotates the rotating shaft64, thereby driving the generator19to rotate.

Then, a gas cleaning unit74is provided between an outlet of the heat recovery steam generator20and a stack75.

Here, the working of the integrated coal gasification combined cycle10in the present embodiment is described.

In the integrated coal gasification combined cycle10in the present embodiment, when raw coal (coal) is fed into the coal feeding unit11, the coal is pulverized into fine particles and becomes pulverized coal in the coal feeding unit11. By nitrogen fed from the air separation unit42, the pulverized coal produced in the coal feeding unit11is caused to circulate through the first nitrogen feed line43and be fed into the gasifier unit14. Furthermore, by the nitrogen fed from the air separation unit42, char recovered in the char recovery unit15to be described later is caused to circulate through the second nitrogen feed line45and be fed into the gasifier unit14. Moreover, after compressed air extracted from the gas turbine17to be described later is boosted by the booster68, the compressed air is fed into the gasifier unit14through the compressed air feed line41together with oxygen fed from the air separation unit42.

In the gasifier unit14, the fed pulverized coal and char are combusted with the compressed air (the oxygen), and the pulverized coal and the char are gasified, and thereby raw syngas is produced. Then, this raw syngas is discharged from the gasifier unit14through the raw syngas line49and fed into the char recovery unit15.

In this char recovery unit15, the raw syngas is first fed into the dust collecting unit51, and thereby particulate char included in the raw syngas is separated. Then, the raw syngas from which the char has been separated is fed into the gas clean-up unit16through the gas discharge line53. Meanwhile, the particulate char separated from the raw syngas is accumulated in the feed hopper52, and is returned to the gasifier unit14through the char return line46and recycled.

In the gas clean-up unit16, the raw syngas from which the char has been separated by the char recovery unit15is subjected to gas purification in which impurities such as a sulfur compound and a nitrogen compound are removed from the raw syngas, and fuel gas is produced. The compressor61produces and feeds compressed air into the combustor62. This combustor62mixes the compressed air fed from the compressor61and the fuel gas fed from the gas clean-up unit16, and combusts the mixture thereby producing combustion gas. The turbine63is driven to rotate by this combustion gas, thereby driving the compressor61and the generator19to rotate through the rotating shaft64. In this way, the gas turbine17can generate electric power.

Then, the heat recovery steam generator20performs heat exchange between flue gas discharged from the turbine63in the gas turbine17and water fed into the heat recovery steam generator20, thereby producing steam, and feeds this produced steam into the steam turbine18. In the steam turbine18, the turbine69is driven to rotate by the steam fed from the heat recovery steam generator20, and thereby the generator19is driven to rotate through the rotating shaft64, and electric power can be generated. It is to be noted that the gas turbine17and the steam turbine18may not drive one generator19to rotate as the same axis, and may drive a plurality of generators to rotate as different axes.

After that, in the gas cleaning unit74, hazardous substances of discharged gas discharged from the heat recovery steam generator20are removed, and the cleaned discharged gas is released into the atmosphere through the stack75.

Subsequently, the gasifier unit14in the above-described integrated coal gasification combined cycle10is described in detail with reference toFIGS. 1 and 2.FIG. 2is a schematic configuration diagram showing the gasifier unit shown inFIG. 1.

As shown inFIG. 2, the gasifier unit14includes the gasifier101and the syngas cooler102.

The gasifier101is provided to extend in a vertical direction; pulverized coal and oxygen are fed into its vertically lower side, and partially combusted and gasified raw syngas circulates from the vertically lower side to upper side. The gasifier101includes a pressure vessel110and a gasifier wall (a furnace wall)111provided inside the pressure vessel110. Then, the gasifier101is provided with an annulus section115in a space between the pressure vessel110and the gasifier wall111. The gasifier101is provided with, in order from the vertically lower side (i.e., the upstream side in a circulating direction of raw syngas), a combustor section116, a diffuser section117, and a reductor section118in a space inside the gasifier wall111.

The pressure vessel110is formed into a tube with a hollow space inside, and is provided with a gas discharge outlet121on its upper end and a slag bath122on its lower end (bottom). The gasifier wall111is formed into a tube with a hollow space inside, and its wall surface is provided to face an inner surface of the pressure vessel110. In the present embodiment, the pressure vessel110is formed into, for example, a cylinder, and the diffuser section117of the gasifier wall111is also formed into, for example, a cylinder. Then, the gasifier wall111is coupled to the inner surface of the pressure vessel110by a not-shown support member.

The gasifier wall111separates the inside of the pressure vessel110into an inner space144and an outer space146. As will be described later, the gasifier wall111has a shape that varies in transverse cross-section shape in the diffuser section117between the combustor section116and the reductor section118. An upper end, an end on the vertically upper side, of the gasifier wall111is connected to the gas discharge outlet121of the pressure vessel110, and its lower end, an end on the vertically lower side, is provided to be spaced apart from the bottom of the pressure vessel110. Then, accumulated water is accumulated in the slag bath122provided on the bottom of the pressure vessel110; the lower end of the gasifier wall111is immersed in the accumulated water, and thereby the inside and the outside of the gasifier wall111is sealed. Various burners are inserted into the gasifier wall111, and the syngas cooler102is disposed in the inner space144. The structure of the gasifier wall111will be described later.

The annulus section115is a space formed inside the pressure vessel110and outside the gasifier wall111, i.e., the outer space146, and is fed with, for example, nitrogen that is inactive gas separated in the air separation unit42through a not-shown nitrogen feed line. Thus, the annulus section115becomes a space filled with nitrogen. It is to be noted that a not-shown furnace pressure equalizer for equalizing the pressure in the gasifier101is provided near the upper part of this annulus section115in the vertical direction. The furnace pressure equalizer is provided to communicate between the inside and the outside of the gasifier wall111, and makes their pressure substantially uniform so that a difference in pressure between the inside (the combustor section116, the diffuser section117, and the reductor section118) and the outside (the annulus section115) of the gasifier wall111is within a predetermined pressure.

The combustor section116is a space in which pulverized coal and char and air are partially combusted. In the present embodiment, a combustion device including, in order from the inside-of-furnace upper side, for example, a plurality of char burners125, a plurality of combustor-related pulverized coal burners (burners)126, a plurality of slag melting burners128, an igniter129, and a light oil burner130is disposed on the gasifier wall111in the combustor section116. The slag melting burners128are for melting produced solidified slag. A distal end of each slag melting burners128is inserted about 1 m to 1.5 m toward near the center of the inside of the furnace, and the length of a portion of the distal end to be inserted is structured to be long. The igniter129and the light oil burner130are used to start the gasifier101. High-temperature combustion gas that has combusted the pulverized coal and a portion of the char in the combustor section116passes through the diffuser section117and then flows into the reductor section118.

The reductor section118is a space kept in a high-temperature state required for a gasification reaction and in which pulverized coal is fed to combustion gas from the combustor section116and is partially oxidized and combusted, and the pulverized coal is broken down into volatile matter contents (carbon monoxide, hydrogen, low hydrocarbon, etc.) and gasified, and then raw syngas is produced. A combustion device including a plurality of reductor-related pulverized coal burners (burners)127is disposed on the gasifier wall111in the reductor section118.

The syngas cooler102is provided inside the gasifier wall111and on the vertically upper side of the burner127of the reductor section118. The syngas cooler102is a heat exchanger, and in which, in order from the vertically lower side of the gasifier wall111(i.e., the upstream side in the circulating direction of raw syngas), an evaporator131, a superheater132, and an economizer134are disposed. This syngas cooler102performs heat exchange with raw syngas produced in the reductor section118, thereby cooling the raw syngas. The respective numbers of the evaporators131, the superheaters132, and the economizers134are not limited to those shown in the drawing.

Here, the operation of the above-described gasifier unit14is described.

In the gasifier unit14, nitrogen and pulverized coal are fed into the gasifier101and lit by the burners127of the reductor section118, and pulverized coal and char and compressed air (oxygen) are fed into the gasifier101and lit by the char burners125and the burners126of the combustor section116. Then, in the combustor section116, high-temperature combustion gas is produced by combustion of the pulverized coal and the char. Furthermore, in the combustor section116, melting slag is produced in high-temperature gas by the combustion of the pulverized coal and the char. This melting slag is attached to the gasifier wall111, and falls to the furnace bottom, and eventually is discharged into stored water in the slag bath122. Then, the high-temperature combustion gas produced in the combustor section116goes up to the reductor section118through the diffuser section117. In this reductor section118kept in a high-temperature state required for a gasification reaction, pulverized coal is mixed with the high-temperature combustion gas, and the pulverized coal is partially oxidized and combusted in a high-temperature reducing atmosphere, which develops a gasification reaction, and raw syngas is produced. The gasified raw syngas circulates from the vertically lower side to upper side.

Subsequently, the burner according to the present embodiment is described withFIG. 3. The burner according to the present embodiment is applied to, for example, the slag melting burner128shown inFIG. 2.

FIG. 3is a top view showing a configuration of the burner according to the present embodiment. InFIG. 3, a right-hand direction in the plane of paper indicates the outside-of-furnace side, and a left-hand direction in the plane of paper indicates the inside-of-furnace side. A burner161in the present embodiment includes a burner main body (an inner tube)162and a plurality of driving cylinders163(in the present embodiment, two driving cylinders163provided on the horizontally right and left sides with respect to an axis line X of the burner main body162so as to hold the burner main body162between them). The driving cylinders163are disposed parallel to a direction of the axis line X that is a moving direction of a distal end of the burner main body162, and drive the burner main body162to move. The periphery of an inside-of-furnace-side portion of the burner main body162is covered with an outer tube164through a flange part186.

The two driving cylinders163have a hollow structure, and a rod part165is slidably inserted into the inside of each driving cylinder163. An outside-of-furnace-side end of each rod part165projects more than an outside-of-furnace-side end of the driving cylinder163, and is fixed by connecting a link pin167to a connecting member166to be described later so as to be able to turn centering around the link pin167. An inside-of-furnace-side end of each driving cylinder163is connected to a ball screw driving part168.

Each of the driving cylinders163is provided with limit switches169in different positions in a direction of their own axis line X (in the present embodiment, two points spaced apart by a predetermined distance on the inside-of-furnace side and outside-of-furnace side of each driving cylinder163, i.e., a total of four points in the burner161). The limit switch169detects displacement to a direction intersecting with the direction of the axis line X of each driving cylinder163, and controls the stop of the driving cylinder163(when pressed down, transmits a stop signal regarding the stop of the driving cylinder163). In the present embodiment, on the basis of any of outputs of the limit switches169in the four points, the two driving cylinders163are configured to stop moving collectively.

The burner main body162and the two driving cylinders163are connected by the connecting member (a support part)166on the outside-of-furnace side. A fitting member (a key)170is provided between the burner main body162and the connecting member166. The fitting member170constrains the relative movement of the burner main body162in the direction of the axis line X, and permits the relative movement in the vertical direction intersecting with the direction of the axis line X. In the present embodiment, two fitting members170are provided on the horizontally right and left sides with respect to the axis line X of the burner main body162. Examples of material of the fitting member170include carbon steel for machine construction (S25C).

Subsequently, a configuration in which the fitting member in the present embodiment is fitted into between the burner main body and the connecting member is described in more detail withFIGS. 4A and 4B.

FIG. 4Ais a perspective view showing an image of how the fitting member is fitted into between the burner main body and the connecting member.FIG. 4Bis a longitudinal cross-sectional view showing a configuration of the neighborhood of the fitting member shown inFIG. 3. It is to be noted that inFIGS. 4A and 4B, the same configuration as that is inFIG. 3is assigned the same reference numeral, and its detailed description is omitted.

As shown inFIG. 4A, the fitting member170is a rectangular parallelepiped plate-like member. Both periphery-side surfaces of the burner main body162are each provided with a burner-main-body-side groove171, and a surface of the connecting member166that faces the periphery-side surface of the burner main body162is provided with a connecting-member-side groove172in a position that faces the burner-main-body-side groove171. An opening portion of the burner-main-body-side groove171and an opening portion of the connecting-member-side groove172have a rectangular shape to correspond to the shape of the fitting member170, and go through to the bottom (a lower surface) of the connecting member166. With its both sides inserted into the burner-main-body-side groove171and the connecting-member-side groove172from the vertically upward/downward direction, the fitting member170is fitted, and fixed by the burner-main-body-side groove171or the connecting-member-side groove172so as not to come off.

As shown inFIG. 4B, the connecting member166is, for example, a lateral H-shaped one-piece member, and two end portions185extend on each of its right and left sides. The center of the connecting member166is provided with a circular opening portion173. The burner main body162is inserted into the opening portion173, and the two fitting members170are inserted from the vertically upward/downward direction and fitted/fixed into both right and left sides of the burner main body162. The four end portions185of the connecting member166are each provided with a pin hole174for insertion of the link pin167(seeFIG. 3). The connecting member166is fixed by the link pins167on its both right and left sides so that the rod parts165of the above-described driving cylinders163can make a linear movement in the longitudinal axial direction. The connecting member166is fixed so as to be able to turn centering around the link pin167, and thus does not become an obstacle to permit the relative movement between the burner main body162and the connecting member166in the vertical direction with respect to the direction of the axis line X.

Subsequently, a moving mechanism of the burner in the present embodiment is described in more detail withFIG. 5.

FIG. 5is a perspective view showing a configuration of the neighborhood of a ball screw driving part in the burner according to the present embodiment. A rotating arrow inFIG. 5indicates a rotating direction of each driving shaft, and a linear arrow inFIG. 5indicates a direction of insertion/retraction movement of the burner (a direction of the outside of the furnace).

As shown inFIG. 5, each ball screw driving part168is connected to a gearbox176through a driving shaft175connected to its vertically lower side, and is merged with a gearbox178through a driving shaft177horizontally connected to each gearbox176. The inside-of-furnace side of the gearbox178is connected with one electric motor (with a brake)180through a driving shaft179. In this way, the gearbox178and the electric motor180are disposed in the lower side of the burner161. The driving cylinder163, the gearbox178, and the electric motor180are fixed to a not-shown mount, and the outer tube164of the burner161is installed on the mount.

The electric motor180is configured to move the rod part165(seeFIG. 3) housed in each driving cylinder163in the direction of the axis line X and to stop the driving cylinder163on the basis of outputs of the above-described limit switches169. The rotation of the electric motor180transmits a rotation driving force from the gearbox178, through the driving shaft177, the gearbox176, and the driving shaft175, to each ball screw driving part168to be in synchronization with one another. Through the synchronized ball screw driving part168, the driving cylinder163is driven to go straight ahead to be in synchronization with it and produces thrust, which moves the connecting member166.

Subsequently, respective configurations of the driving cylinder and the rod part in the present embodiment is described in more detail withFIG. 6.

FIG. 6is a schematic top cross-sectional view showing the driving cylinder and the rod part shown inFIG. 3. It is to be noted that inFIG. 6, the same configuration as that is inFIG. 3is assigned the same reference numeral, and its detailed description is omitted. A two-way arrow inFIG. 6indicates a moving direction of a striker, and a rotating arrow indicates a rotating direction of a ball screw.

As shown inFIG. 6, the inside-of-furnace side of the rod part165has, for example, a hollow structure, and a ball screw181is inserted into the inside thereof. This ball screw181is rotatably held by a nut182provided on an inner circumferential surface of an inside-of-furnace-side end of the rod part165. A striker183is connected to an outer circumferential surface of the rod part165. The striker183follows the movement of the driving cylinder163in the direction of the axis line X and moves outside of the driving cylinder163. One striker183is provided to each driving cylinder163. The striker183manages the position of the rod part165that moves together with the rod part165thereby making a linear movement. By the striker183moving and coming in contact with or moving away from the limit switch169, ON/OFF of the limit switch169is controlled.

The inside-of-furnace side of the ball screw181is connected to a gear184, and the rotation driving force from the electric motor180shown inFIG. 5is transmitted to the ball screw181by the gear184. Specifically, when the electric motor180shown inFIG. 5rotates, its rotation driving force is transmitted to the ball screw181by the gear184, and the nut182and the rod part165make a linear movement, and a distal end of the rod part165is elongated and contracted with respect to the driving cylinder163. In this way, respective rotating forces of the ball screw181and the nut182are converted into a linear movement of the rod part165.

Subsequently, the burner system according to the present embodiment is described.

It is to be noted that in the following, as the burner system, one including a control section that controls the burner161shown inFIG. 3is described as an example, but this is not restrictive.

The burner system in the present embodiment includes the above-described burner161and a control section187that controls the movement of the plurality of driving cylinders163in the directions of their respective axis lines X. The control section187includes, for example, a central processing unit (CPU), a random access memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), a computer-readable storage medium, etc. Then, a series of processes for realizing various functions has been stored, for example, in a storage medium or the like in the form of a program. The CPU reads this program into the RAM or the like, and, by performing processing of information and arithmetic processing, the various functions are realized. It is to be noted that it may be applied to other forms, such as a form in which the program is installed in the ROM or another storage medium in advance, a form of providing the program in a condition of being stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and a form of delivering the program through a communication means by wired or wireless connection. The computer-readable storage medium is a magnetic disk, a magneto-optical disk, a CD-ROM, a DVD-ROM, a semiconductor memory, or the like.

In the above-described burner system, for example, in a case where the distal end of the burner main body162is caused to make a retraction movement from the inside of the gasifier wall111for a reason of disuse of the burner or some other reason, the control section187moves the driving cylinder163toward near the gasifier wall111along the direction of the axis line X of the driving cylinder163. Thus, thrust of the driving cylinder163is transmitted to the burner main body162through the connecting member166, and the distal end of the burner main body162is moved in a direction of being retracted from the inside of the gasifier wall111to near the gasifier wall111along the axis line X.

On the other hand, in a case where the distal end of the burner main body162is inserted into the inside of the gasifier wall111for a reason of use of the burner or some other reason, the control section187moves the driving cylinder163toward the inside of the gasifier wall111along the direction of the axis line X of the driving cylinder163. Thus, thrust of the driving cylinder163is transmitted to the burner main body162through the connecting member166, and the distal end of the burner main body162is moved in a direction of being inserted from near the gasifier wall111into the inside of the gasifier wall111along the axis line X.

[Method for Moving Burner]

Subsequently, the method for moving the burner according to the present embodiment is described.

It is to be noted that in the following, with the burner161shown inFIG. 3as an example, a case where the burner161makes a movement is described, but this is not restrictive.

In a moving step, the plurality of driving cylinders163are moved in the directions of their respective axis lines X of the driving cylinders163, and thereby the burner main body162is moved along the direction of the axis line X of the burner main body162.

For example, in a case where the distal end of the burner main body162is retracted from the inside of the gasifier wall111to near the gasifier wall111for a reason of disuse or some other reason, the driving cylinders163are moved toward the outside-of-furnace side along the directions of their respective axis lines X of the driving cylinders163. Thus, thrust of the driving cylinders163is transmitted to the burner main body162through the connecting member166, and the burner main body162is moved in a direction of being retracted from the inside of the furnace to the outside-of-furnace side along the axis line X.

On the other hand, in a case where the distal end of the burner main body162is inserted into the inside of the gasifier wall111for a reason of use or some other reason, the driving cylinders163are moved toward the inside of the gasifier wall111along the directions of their respective axis lines X of the driving cylinders163. Thus, thrust of the driving cylinders163is transmitted to the burner main body162through the connecting member166, and the distal end of the burner main body162is moved in a direction of being inserted from near the gasifier wall111into the inside of the gasifier wall111along the axis line X.

According to the present embodiment, the above-described configurations make it possible to achieve the following workings and effects.

In the burner161in the present embodiment, the plurality of driving cylinders163are connected to the burner main body162by the connecting member (the support part)166; the driving cylinders163are disposed parallel to the direction of the axis line X that is the moving direction of the distal end of the burner main body162, and drive the burner main body162to move. Then, the fitting member (the key)170is provided between the burner main body162and the connecting member166; the fitting member170constrains the relative movement in the direction of the axis line X, and permits the relative movement in an orthogonal direction intersecting with the direction of the axis line X. The fitting member170constrains the relative movement of the burner main body162in the direction of the axis line X, and thereby a thrust direction in which thrust of the plurality of driving cylinders163is produced coincides with the direction of the axis line X of the burner161, and therefore it is possible to transmit the thrust of the plurality of driving cylinders163to the burner main body162smoothly. Furthermore, the fitting member170is configured to permit the relative movement of the burner main body162in the orthogonal direction intersecting with the direction of the axis line X. Thus, even if an assembly error or the like occurs, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of deflection that is a difference between the direction of the axis line X and the thrust direction of the driving cylinders163. For example, in a case of the burner161that the length of the distal end of the burner main body162to be inserted is long just like a slag melting burner, it is possible to reduce as much as possible the deflection (for example, variation) between the direction of the axis line X of the burner main body162(the direction of insertion/retraction movement of the burner main body162into/from the inside of the furnace) and the thrust direction of the driving cylinders163when the distal end of the burner main body162retracted from the inside of the gasifier wall111to near the gasifier wall111is again inserted into the inside of the gasifier wall111for a reason of changing the position of the distal end of the burner main body162depending on whether or not the burner161is used or some other reason. Thus, it is possible to reduce error displacement of the distal end position of the burner main body162when inserted. Therefore, it becomes easy to emit a jet of fuel from the distal end of the burner main body162toward an intended position, which makes it possible to suitably melt slag.

A key structure is adopted, in which by fitting and fixing the fitting member170into the burner-main-body-side groove171of the burner main body162and the connecting-member-side groove172of the connecting member166, respective side surfaces that face each other are provided with recessed portions, and the fitting member170is provided with a protruding portion that is fitted into the recessed portions. Thus, in a simple structure, the thrust of the plurality of driving cylinders163can be more smoothly transmitted to the burner main body162.

In the burner161in the present embodiment, the connecting member166connecting the plurality of driving cylinders163is moved by one electric motor180and also stopped by the one electric motor180; therefore, the driving cylinders163are driven collectively in synchronization with one another, and the movement of the connecting member166connecting the plurality of driving cylinders163can be certainly stopped in the direction of the axis line X.

Each of the driving cylinders163is provided with the limit switches169that detect displacement from the direction of the axis line X of each driving cylinder163, and stop the movement of the driving cylinder163, which makes it possible to stop the driving cylinders163simultaneously in synchronization with one another. Thus, it is possible to stop the burner main body162with accuracy. The control of the limit switches169can be configured to be performed by, for example, the striker183that moves following the movement of the driving cylinder163in the direction of the axis line X.

In the burner system of the present embodiment, for example, even if the control of again inserting the distal end of the burner main body162retracted from the inside of the gasifier wall111to near the gasifier wall111into the inside of the gasifier wall111for a reason of changing the position of the distal end of the burner main body depending on whether or not the burner is used or some other reason is performed, it is possible to reduce as much as possible the deflection (for example, variation) between the direction of the axis line X of the burner main body162(the direction of insertion/retraction movement of the burner main body162into/from the inside of the gasifier wall111) and the thrust direction of the driving cylinders163. Thus, it is possible to reduce error displacement of the distal end position of the burner main body162when inserted. Therefore, it becomes easy to emit a jet of fuel from the distal end of the burner main body162toward an intended position, which makes it possible to suitably melt slag.

The integrated gasification combined cycle10of the present embodiment includes the above-described burner161, and therefore can emit a jet of fuel from the distal end of the burner161toward an intended position, which makes it possible to suitably melt slag. Thus, the integrated gasification combined cycle10is highly reliable.

In the method for moving the burner of the present embodiment, the burner161in which the plurality of driving cylinders163are connected to the burner main body162by the connecting member (the support part)166is used; the driving cylinders163are disposed parallel to the direction of the axis line X that is the moving direction of the distal end of the burner main body162, and drive the burner main body162to move. Then, in this burner161, the fitting member (the key)170is provided between the burner main body162and the connecting member166; the fitting member170constrains the relative movement in the direction of the axis line X, and permits the relative movement in the orthogonal direction intersecting with the direction of the axis line X. The fitting member170constrains the relative movement of the burner main body162in the direction of the axis line X, and thereby the thrust direction in which thrust of the plurality of driving cylinders163is produced coincides with the direction of the axis line X of the burner161, and therefore it is possible to transmit the thrust of the plurality of driving cylinders163to the burner main body162smoothly at the moving step. Furthermore, the fitting member170is configured to permit the relative movement of the burner main body162in the orthogonal direction intersecting with the direction of the axis line X. Thus, even if an assembly error or the like occurs, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of deflection that is a difference between the direction of the axis line X of the burner main body162and the thrust direction of the driving cylinders163. For example, in a case of the burner161that the length of the distal end of the burner main body162to be inserted is long just like a slag melting burner, it is possible to reduce as much as possible the deflection (for example, variation) between the direction of the axis line X of the burner main body162(the direction of insertion/retraction movement of the burner main body162into/from the inside of the furnace) and the thrust direction of the driving cylinders163when the distal end of the burner main body162retracted from the inside of the gasifier wall111to near the gasifier wall111is again inserted into the inside of the gasifier wall111for a reason of changing the position of the distal end of the burner main body162depending on whether or not the burner161is used or some other reason. Thus, it is possible to reduce error displacement of the distal end position of the burner main body162when inserted. Therefore, it becomes easy to emit a jet of fuel from the distal end of the burner main body162toward an intended position, which makes it possible to suitably melt slag.

It is to be noted that in the above-described embodiment, there is described, as an example, an aspect in which two fitting members170are provided on the horizontally right and left sides with respect to the axis line X, but this is not restrictive. Specifically, the number of fitting members170may be one, or may be three or more. The shape of the fitting member170is also not limited to a rectangular parallelepiped shape, and may be changed to any shapes such as a cubic shape, a polygon shape, and an elliptic cylindrical shape.

In the above-described embodiment, there is described, as an example, a case where two driving cylinders163are provided on the horizontally right and left sides with respect to the axis line X of the burner main body162, but this is not restrictive. Specifically, as long as the number of driving cylinders163is more than one, the number of driving cylinders163may be any number, and may be three or more. The disposition positions of the driving cylinders163are not limited to the horizontally right and left sides with respect to an axis line X of the burner main body162; as long as they are parallel to the axis line X of the burner main body162, they may be disposed in any positions.

In the above-described embodiment, there is described, as an example, a case where the connecting member166connecting the two driving cylinders163is a one-piece member; however, it may be separate members. Specifically, with respect to each of the driving cylinders163, a different connecting member166may be connected to each driving cylinder163.

In the above-described embodiment, there is described, as an example, the IGCC including a coal gasifier that produces combustible gas from pulverized coal; however, the gasifier unit of the present disclosure can also be applied to ones that gasify other carbonaceous feedstock, for example, biomass fuel such as thinned wood, scrap wood, driftwood, grass, waste, sludge, and tire. Furthermore, not limited to the one for power generation, the gasifier unit of the present disclosure can also be applied to a gasifier for a chemical plant that obtains a desired chemical substance.

In the above-described embodiment, coal is used as fuel; however, even other carbonaceous feedstock, such as high-grade coal or low-grade coal, can be used. Furthermore, not limited to coal, fuel may be biomass fuel used as renewable organic resources made from living organisms, for example, thinned wood, scrap wood, driftwood, grass, waste, sludge, tire, recycle fuel (pellets, chips) using these as raw material, etc. can also be used.

In the present embodiment, the tower type gasifier has been described as the gasifier101; however, even if the gasifier101is a crossover type gasifier, the operation can be similarly performed by adjusting the respective vertically upward/downward directions of devices in the gasifier101so as to balance their gas flow directions of raw syngas.

REFERENCE SIGNS LIST