Focus detecting device

A focus detecting device capable of correcting an error, between an in-focus position of a photographic lens detected by a focus detecting means and an image field position affording the best image. Focus detection is made using plural focus detecting areas provided on and off the optical axis of the photographic lens, to obtain an in-focus position. Then, the thus-obtained in-focus position of the photographic lens is corrected using an appropriate correction value out of those preset and stored in a ROM in the lens according to whether the focus detecting area used in the focus detection is an axial or off-axial area, or according to the focal length of the photographic lens as well as the photographing mode. And the photographic lens is thereby set to the best image field position.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
1. Field of the Invention 
The present invention relates to a focus detecting device of high accuracy 
for use in a camera or the like, having a plurality of focus detecting 
areas and capable of correcting an error between an in-focus position of 
lens detected by focus detecting means and a best image field position. 
2. Description of the Prior Art 
In a condition in which a plurality of objects are located within an 
objective field to be photographed, photographers often require to obtain 
a photograph in which both of a main object and a secondary object located 
at the background of the main object are reproduced sharply. However, such 
requirement can not be satisfied by conventional auto-focus camera 
provided with an automatic focusing device which controls the photographic 
lens to focus only one object located within the objective field. 
To satisfy such requirement, there has been proposed an automatic focusing 
device in which the focus detection is performed with respect to a 
plurality of divided areas of the object field, and the focusing condition 
of the photographic lens is controlled in accordance with a plurality of 
focus detection results so that all of the detected objects can be 
reproduced on the image plane within the depth of focus of the 
photographic lens, or so that a closest object detected can be reproduced 
sharply on the image plane. The latter is based on a consideration that 
the main object to be focused is likely to be located at a position 
closest to the camera among the plurality of detected objects. Such 
automatic focusing device are proposed, for example, by Japanese Laid-Open 
Patent Application Nos. 101128/81 and 146028/84. 
As well known, however, a photographic lens has various kinds of 
aberrations, including spherical aberration, astigmatism and field 
curvature. Beside, due to the influence based on the direction of 
arrangement of automatic focus detecting elements, when there is made 
focus adjustment for a photographic lens in accordance with an output 
signal from a focus detecting element disposed in a position deviated from 
the central position among many focus detecting elements arranged on the 
photographing image plane, there occurs a deviation between the in-focus 
position detected by the automatic focus detecting elements and the best 
image field position of the photographic lens. 
This is as shown in FIG. 1, in which the axis of abscissa X extends along 
an optical axis, the left-hand side being a photographic lens side and the 
right-hand side, a film surface side, and the axis of ordinate Y 
represents the distance from the optical axis. 
In FIG. 1, the position indicated as "axial" is a position in which there 
is obtained the best imaging performance of an image formed by an axial 
light (incident light parallel to the optical axis of the photographic 
lens). The said position is usually called "the best axial position". In a 
camera, however, it is not desirable to locate the film surface in "the 
best axial position" because the aberrations generated by an off-axial 
light (incident light having inclination with respect to the optical axis) 
would be deteriorated. According to the conventional construction, 
therefore, the film surface is located not in "the best axial position" 
but in a position slightly deviated therefrom. The aberration curve 
represented as "image" in FIG. 1 indicates the magnitude of deviation (in 
full open aperture condition, e.g. F=2.0) of the actual photographic lens 
transmitted light including both axial light and off-axial light with 
respect to "the best axial position". It is the best image contrast 
position. 
On the other hand, in an automatic focus detecting device, the focus 
detection is performed by sensing only the light passing through a portion 
close to the optical axis of a photographic lens, namely, a portion where 
the aperture value is large (e.g. F=5.6), so the aberration correction 
performance on the focus detecting device becomes superior to that of the 
entire photographic lens. And in the use of a focus detecting sensor 
(hereinafter referred to as "image sensor"), the focusing condition of the 
photographic lens is adjusted to a position close to "the best axial 
position" as indicated as "image sensor stop position" in FIG. 1. 
Thus, the lens stop position ("image sensor stop position") detected as an 
in-focus position by the image sensor deviates from the best image 
contrast position ("image" position) and this deviation increases as the 
distance from the optical axis becomes longer. 
In view of the above point there has been proposed an automatic focus 
control device (see Japanese Patent Laid-Open Patent Application No. 
208514/84) in which the in-focus position data provided from the image 
sensor is corrected with spherical aberration data of a photographic lens 
to correct an error from the best image field position. 
The above proposed correction for the in-focus position of a photographic 
lens intended to correct errors based on the properties peculiar to the 
photographic lens such as, for example, spherical aberration of the lens. 
Of course, such correction of errors based on the properties peculiar to 
the photographic lens is important, but in order to set the photographic 
lens in the best image position more accurately it has been necessary to 
decide an optimum correction value according to the focal length of the 
photographic lens as well as the exposure mode which is determined by the 
combination of shutter speed and aperture value, and correct the in-focus 
position of the photographic lens using the said correction value. 
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
It is an object of the present invention to provide a focus detecting 
device having a plurality of focus detecting areas and capable of 
correcting an error between an in-focus position of a photographic lens 
detected by a focus detecting means and an image field position which 
affords the best image. 
It is another object of the present invention to provide a focus detecting 
device having a plurality of focus detecting areas located on and off an 
optical axis, and capable of correcting an error between a detected 
in-focus position and a best image affording image field position with 
respect to the said focus detecting regions. 
It is a further object of the present invention to provide a focus 
detecting device which corrects a detected in-focus position according to 
the focal length of a photographic lens as well a an exposure mode which 
is determined by the combination of shutter speed and aperture value. 
The above and other objects and features of the present invention will 
appear more fully hereinafter from a consideration of the following 
description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings 
illustrating embodiments of the present invention by way of example.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS 
Before describing below embodiments of the present invention, the principle 
of correction of an error between an in-focus position of a photographic 
lens detected by an image sensor and a best image affording position will 
first be explained. 
FIG. 2 shows, in terms of corresponding positions in a finder image, 
examples of arrangement of image sensors for effecting focus detection in 
each of plurally divided areas of a photographic field, that is, so-called 
multi-divided focus detection. And FIG. 3 shows a relation between the 
direction of light incident on a photographic lens L and the position of 
an image sensor S. 
The light on and near the optical axis is incident on an image sensor 
disposed at the center of the photographic field, while off-axial light is 
incident on an image sensor disposed away from the center of the image 
plane. Each of image sensors detects the luminance distribution of 
respective divided areas. 
FIG. 4 shows an example of defocus amount on and off the optical axis of a 
photographic lens vs. contrast curves (Optical Transfer Function [OTF]) at 
a predetermined spatial frequency (e.g. 50 pcs/mm), in which IB.sub.0 
represents a maximum contrast position or a best image position on the 
optical axis and SB.sub.0 represents a detected in-focus position with an 
image sensor located on the optical axis. 
In the arrangement of image sensors shown in FIG. 2(a), the lens stop 
position (in-focus position) detected by the focus detection device 
corresponds to the position of SB.sub.0 in FIG. 4 when focus detection is 
made with the sensor located in an area e.sub.0 on and near the optical 
axis. But since the best image field position on the optical axis is 
IB.sub.0, it is possible to obtain the best image by giving 
.DELTA.SB.sub.0 as an amount of correction to the photographic lens to 
correct the lens position. 
When focus detection is made with the sensor located in an area e.sub.11s 
off the optical axis in the arrangement of image sensors shown in FIG. 
2(a), the lens stop position detected by the focus detection device 
corresponds to the position of SB.sub.1s in FIG. 4 unlike previous example 
due to astigmatism of lens or field curvature thereof. In this case, there 
are various methods for correcting the lens position as well as various 
amounts of corrections, according to purposes of photographing. Examples 
are as follows: 
(a) Giving an amount of correction .DELTA.SB.sub.1s to the photographic 
lens to obtain the best image quality in and near the focus detecting area 
e.sub.11s. (This is an intermediate point between a sagittal image surface 
best position IB.sub.1s and a meridional image surface best position 
IB.sub.1m.) 
(b) Giving an amount of correction .DELTA.SB.sub.0s to the lens to obtain 
the best image quality on and near the optical axis different from the 
focus detecting area. 
(c) Giving to the lens a predetermined amount of correction, e.g. 
##EQU1## 
wherein m and n are positive constants. 
(d) Changing the amount of correction according to the focal length of the 
photographic lens. For example, where the lens has a short focal length, 
there is made uniform weighting to effect uniform focusing in an image 
plane because of a scenery image in many cases, while when the lens has a 
long focal length, weighting is made at the central portion preponderantly 
because the object is clear, e.g. in the case of portrait photographing. 
And the following amounts of correction are given to the lenses. 
(i) When the image sensor e.sub.0 on the optical axis is selected for 
detecting the focusing condition: 
Long focal length lens: -.DELTA.SB.sub.0 
Short focal length lens: -.DELTA.ASB.sub.0 -1/2(.DELTA.SB.sub.1s 
+.DELTA.SB.sub.0s) 
(ii) When the image sensor e.sub.11s located off the optical axis is 
selected for detecting the focusing condition: 
Long focal length lens: +.DELTA.SB.sub.0s 
Short focal length lens: +.DELTA.SB.sub.0s -1/2(.DELTA.SB.sub.1s 
+.DELTA.SB.sub.0s) 
FIG. 5 is a conceptual diagram showing the arrangement of focus detecting 
optical systems in the application of the focus detecting device of the 
present invention to a single lens reflex camera. 
In FIG. 5, numerals 1 and 2 denote a photographic lens and a main mirror, 
respectively; numerals 3a and 3b denote sub mirrors provided behind the 
main mirror 2; numerals 5a and 5b denote field masks; numerals 6a and 6b 
denote condenser lenses; numerals 7a and 7b denote total reflection 
mirrors numerals 8a and 8b denote respective pairs of re-imaging lenses; 
and numerals 9a and 9b denote image sensors each including a plurality of 
light receiving elements arranged in a direction. The elements 3a to 9a 
constitute a first focus detecting optical system 4a, while the elements 
3b to 9b constitute a second focus detecting optical system 4b. The 
reference mark F represents the film surface. 
Light from an object incident through the photographic lens 1 passes 
through the main mirror 2 and is reflected and divided by the sub mirrors 
3a and 3b and conducted to the first and second focus detecting optical 
systems 4a and 4b provided in the lower portion of the camera. The divided 
incident light beams passed through the field masks 5a, 5b and condenser 
lenses 6a, 6b disposed in the vicinity of equivalent surface to the film 
surface F form images on the image sensors 9a and 9b by the condenser 
lenses 6a and 6b. In this embodiment, the exit pupil of the photographic 
lens is divided into three areas with respect to X axis, which correspond 
to the focus detecting areas e.sub.0, e.sub.12s and e.sub.14s shown in 
FIG. 2(a). Also the exit pupil is divided into two areas with respect to Y 
axis perpendicular to the X axis, which correspond to the focus detecting 
areas e.sub.11s and e.sub.13s. 
On the image sensors 9a and 9b each constituted by a CCD and corresponding 
to the focus detecting areas e.sub.0, e.sub.12s, e.sub.14s, e.sub.11s and 
e.sub.13s there are formed two object images on each of portions e.sub.0, 
e.sub.12s, e.sub.14s e.sub.11s and e.sub.13s by light transmitted through 
the field masks 5a and 5b, respectively. In this case, the spacing between 
the two images varies depending on whether the photographic lens is in 
in-focus condition or out-of-focus condition, and from the image spacing 
it is possible to determine a defocus amount of the photographic lens. 
It is FIG. 2 that shows, in terms of corresponding positions in the finder 
image, in which positions on the photographic image plane the focus 
detecting areas are located. In addition to the arrangement of FIG. 2(a), 
the focus detecting areas may be arranged like (b), (c), (d) and (e) of 
the same figure. Further, the number of such areas may be four as shown in 
FIG. 2(f), or may be even three, two, six or more, though not shown. 
FIG. 6 is a circuit block diagram of a light measuring and focus detecting 
system of a single lens reflex camera incorporating therein the focus 
detecting device of the present invention. Its construction will first be 
explained below. 
Numerals 11 and 20 denote a controlling microcomputer and an AF controlling 
microcomputer, respectively; numerals 12a to 12e denote light sensing 
elements for measuring light spot, comprising photo diodes disposed in 
correspondence to the focus detecting areas; numerals 13, 14 and 15 denote 
a multiplexer, an A -D converter and an exposure control circuit, 
respectively; numeral 16 denotes a read only memory (ROM) for storing 
various lens data necessary for automatic focusing (hereinafter referred 
to as "AF") control; numeral 17 denotes a film sensitivity setting circuit 
for setting a film sensitivity value SV required for exposure control; 
numeral 18 denotes an exposure information display section for displaying 
exposure data based on a calculated exposure value; S.sub.1 denotes a 
light measuring and AF starting switch; S.sub.2 denotes a release switch; 
and S.sub.4 denotes a switch which is reset upon reset of the main mirror 
and upon completion of winding of the shutter curtains of a focal plane 
shutter. 
The read only memory (ROM) 16 is provided in respective photographic lens. 
Additionally, the switch S.sub.1 is closed in response to the depression 
of a shutter release button by a first stage, and the switch S.sub.2 is 
closed in response to the depression thereof by a second stage deeper than 
the first stage. 
Further, numerals 21a to 21e denote image sensors each constituted by a 
CCD; numeral 22 denotes an AF interface for driving the CCDs and 
transferring the outputs thereof to the AF controlling microcomputer 20; 
numeral 23 denotes a motor driving circuit; numeral 24 denotes a motor for 
moving the photographic lens to the in-focus position; numeral 25 denotes 
an encoder for detecting the number of revolutions of the motor 24; and 
numeral 26 denotes a focus display section for display whether the 
photographic lens is in in-focus or out-of-focus condition. 
The operation of this focus detecting system will now be outlined. Upon 
turning ON of the light measuring and AF starting switch S.sub.1 to start 
operation, one of the outputs from the light spot measuring elements 
12a-12e is selected in accordance with a selection signal AEMPS provided 
to the multiplexer 13 from the controlling microcomputer 11 and it is 
converted to a digital value by the A-D converter 14, which digital value 
is fed to the controlling microcomputer 11. Such operation is repeated 
with respect to all of the light sensing elements 12a to 12e. 
On the other hand, in accordance with a read signal provided from the 
controlling microcomputer 11, lens data LDSAF such as transformation 
coefficient for transforming the defocus amount calculated as a result of 
focus detection into an amount of lens shifting, maximum and minimum 
apertures values of the photographic lens, focal length, and an amount of 
correction to the best image field position (see FIG. 4), are fed to the 
controlling microcomputer 11 from the ROM 16 which contains those data. 
Likewise, the film sensitivity value SV value necessary for the exposure 
control is fed from the film sensitivity setting circuit 17 to the 
controlling microcomputer 11 in accordance with a read signal provided 
from the microcomputer 11. 
The controlling microcomputer 11 performs exposure calculation on the basis 
of those input data, and upon receipt of a release signal from the switch 
S.sub.2, it outputs an exposure control signal BCS to the exposure control 
circuit 15 to operate an exposure control mechanism (not shown) to effect 
appropriate exposure. At the same time, the microcomputer 11 outputs an 
exposure information AES to the exposure display section 18 to make 
display. 
The AF controlling microcomputer 20 drives CCDs 21a to 21e through the AF 
interface 22, received the outputs of the CCDs after A-D conversion and 
performs AF calculation on the basis of the received data to calculate a 
defocus amount. Out of the lens data LDS previously input to the 
controlling microcomputer 11, those required for AF have been transferred 
to the AF controlling microcomputer 20, so using the lens shifting 
transformation coefficient there is calculated an amount of lens shifting 
from the defocus amount. A drive signal MDS is provided to the motor 
driving circuit 23 to drive the motor 24 and the number of revolutions of 
the motor is detected by the encoder 25. Then, control is made to a 
predetermined amount of lens shifting while comparing the detected output 
with the amount of lens shifting calculated by the AF controlling 
microcomputer 20. And, for confirming in-focus state, an in-focus late 
signal FAS is provided to the focus display section 26 to make display. 
The controlling operation of the controlling microcomputer will be 
explained below with reference to the flow chart of FIG. 7. 
When the release button is depressed to the first stage and the light 
measuring and AF starting switch S.sub.1 is closed, an interrupt signal is 
fed to an interrupt terminal INT.sub.0 the controlling microcomputer 11 
(step #1). With this signal, the microcomputer 11 shifts from the stop 
mode to an operative state, brings an AF start signal AFST into "L" level 
and operates the AF controlling microcomputer 20 (step #2). Then, light 
measurement is started (step #3) and lens data LDS are read from the ROM 
16 and SV data from the film sensitivity setting circuit 17 (step #4). 
Then, out of the data thus read, the data LDSAF required for AF are 
provided to the AF controlling microcomputer 20 (step #5). Further, the 
outputs of the light measuring elements are read (step #6). 
Then, an AF area selection signal AFZS is input to the microcomputer 11 
from the AF controlling microcomputer 20 and judgment is made as to 
whether the signal level is "H" or not (step #7). On this regard, a more 
detailed explanation will be given later, but here an explanation will be 
made with respect to the case of "L" because at the beginning of operation 
the signal level is "L". 
When the AF area selection signal AFZS is "L", a mean value BVc of the 
outputs BV.sub.1 -BV.sub.5 of the light measuring elements 12a-12e is 
calculated (step #8), then exposure calculation is made on the basis of 
the said mean value (step #11), and the result of the calculation is 
displayed on the exposure display section 18 (step #12). 
Now, one loop of operations is completed and judgment is made as to whether 
the switch S.sub.1 is kept depressed continuously or not (step #13). If 
the switch S.sub.1 is ON, a check is made with the switch S.sub.4 as to 
whether the main mirror has been reset and the winding of the shutter 
curtains completed or not (step #14), and a cheek is made also as to 
whether AF has been completed or not, using an AFE signal provided from 
the AF controlling microcomputer 20 (step #15). If AFE=H, the interruption 
to an interrupt terminal INT.sub.1 is permitted to permit turning ON or 
closing of the switch S.sub.2 (step #16), and the program returns to step 
#4. 
When the interruption to the interrupt terminal INT.sub.1 is permitted by 
turning ON or closing of the release switch S.sub.2, interruption is 
applied to the interrupt terminal INT.sub.1 (step #24), an AFSP pulse is 
output (step #25), and the AF start signal AFST is made "H" to stop AF 
(step #26). Then, the main mirror is raised and the shutter curtains are 
controlled according to the shutter speed (step #27) to complete the 
exposure. Thereafter, the completion of reset of the main mirror and that 
of the shutter curtains are detected with the switch S.sub.4 (step #28), 
whereupon the program shifts to step #13 to start the next processing. 
When the switch S.sub.1 is not ON in step #13, the 0 program shifts to the 
processing from step #17 to #22, in which processing the light measuring 
operation is stopped, the exposure display is erased, an AFSP signal is 
provided to the AF processor 20 and the AF start signal AFST is rendered 
"H" to stop AF. Further, interruption to the interrupt terminal INT.sub.0 
is permitted, while interruption to the interrupt terminal INT.sub.1 is 
inhibited, to complete the processing. 
The AF controlling operation of the AF controlling microcomputer 20 will 
now be explained with reference to the flow chart of FIG. 8. First, the AF 
start signal AFST provided from the controlling microcomputer 11 is fed to 
an interrupt terminal INT.sub.A to bring the AF controlling microcomputer 
20 into an operative state from its stop mode (step #30). The 
microcomputer 20 renders an AF end signal AFE "L", an AF area selection 
signal AFZS "L", tells the controlling microcomputer 11 that AF is in 
operation and that no AF area has been selected yet, and sets a low 
contrast flag F indicative of low contrast of the object to 1 (step #31). 
This flag is reset only when it was possible to effect focus detection 
with the previous CCD outputs. Here the flag is set because of the first 
processing. 
Lens data LDSAF required for AF are input from the controlling 
microcomputer 11 (step #32). 
Execution shifts to the control for CCDs. The CCDs are driven and their 
output are integrated (step #33). The integral is performed until the 
quantity of light reaches an appropriate level. Where the subject 
brightness is low, the integral is discontinued when a preset maximum 
integral time is reached, and the integrated data is input to the AF 
controlling microcomputer (step #34). This data processing is performed 
with respect to all of the light sensing elements, CCDs, 22a-22e 
corresponding to the five focus detecting areas which have been set. 
Then, for deciding the priority of focusing condition calculation with the 
output signals provided from the five light sensing elements, CCDs, there 
are performed data preprocessing (step #35), precorrelation calculation 
(step #36), low contrast judgment (step #37), and deciding the priority of 
focus detection areas (step #38). These preprocessings involve a simple 
correlation calculation on each focus detecting area to select a focus 
detecting area which includes the nearest object. It is possible to 
shorten the long time required for performing the principal correlation 
calculation with respect to all the focus detecting areas. 
The principal correlation calculation is performed in accordance with the 
priority thus decided by the above preprocessings (step #39). Then, 
judgment is made as to whether the contrast is low or not (step #40). In 
the case of a low contrast, the above processings are repeated with 
respect to the five focus detecting areas (step #41 and #42). When the low 
contrast is recognized in all of the five focus detecting areas, the 
program advances to step #43 and a check is made on the low contrast flag 
F. If the low contrast flag F has not been set to 1, the program returns 
to step #32 to start the focus detecting operation again. If F=1, it is 
considered that the defocus amount is outside the range which permits 
detection of an in-focus state since the distance between the photographic 
lens position and the object position is very large; therefore, the 
correlation calculation is repeated during one reciprocation of the lens 
position from the nearest photographic position up to infinity and lens 
scanning is executed to search the lens position which permits detection 
of the in-focus state (step #44). 
On the other hand, when it is judged in step #40 that the contrast is not 
low, the program advances to step #45 to calculate the defocus amount. 
Then, the best image field position is corrected (step #46). This point 
will be explained in detail later. And the low contrast flap F is reset to 
zero so that the photographic lens position may not change in this state 
(step #47). By so doing, even if the next CCD integral value processing 
should result in judgment as low contrast, it is possible to effect the 
CCD integral again for all the focus detecting areas in that position and 
execute the correlation calculation without lens scanning (see step #44). 
Then, the AF controlling microcomputer 20 brings the previously selected 
focus detecting area signal SZS and AF area selection signal AFZS into "H" 
level and outputs them to the controlling microcomputer 11 (step #48). In 
accordance with those signals the microcomputer 11 specifies a light 
measuring area. 
In step #7 in the controlling microcomputer processing flow shown in FIG. 
7, the change in level to "H" of the AF area selection signal AFZS results 
in the program shifting to step #9 because the AF area selection signal 
AFZS is in H level. With the AF area signal SZS received there is provided 
an output BV.sub.i of the light measuring element corresponding to the 
specified light measuring area (step #10) and there is performed exposure 
calculation on the basis of the said output. 
Turning back to the flow chart of FIG. 8, a check is made as to whether the 
defocus amount calculated previously is within a preset in-focus range or 
not (step #49). If the answer is affirmative, the AF end signal AFE is 
rendered "H" and output to the controlling microcomputer, urging the 
latter to permit release, and in-focus display is made on the focus 
display section 26 (step #59 and #60). When the defocus amount is found to 
be outside the in-focus range as a result of the judgment in step #49, the 
program advances to step #50, in which the number of lens driving pulses, 
LEP, is determined from both the defocus amount calculated previously and 
the lens shifting transformation coefficient out of the input lens data. 
Then, this number of pulses, LEP, is set to an event counter and the lens 
is driven until the counter contents become zero (step #51, #52 and #53). 
When the contents of the event counter become zero, the lens driving is 
stopped (step #54). Thereafter, the AF controlling microcomputer 20 
receives the lens data LDSAF necessary for AF, reintegrate CCD inputs and 
again checks whether the photographic lens is in in-focus or out-of-focus 
condition (step #55, #56, #57 and #58). In order to shorten the operation 
time, this processing is executed for the focus detecting area selected by 
the previous calculation. 
If judgment should be mode at this stage to the effect that the contrast is 
low, then as previously noted, the lens position is left as it is and 
processing is restarted from the CCD integration with respect to all the 
focus detecting areas. 
The following description is now provided about correcting the best image 
field position which is shown as step #46 in the flow chart of FIG. 8. It 
is here assumed that the focus detecting areas are arranged as shown in 
FIG. 2(a). 
In the first example shown in FIG. 9, in the case where an off-axial area 
is selected as a focus detecting area, the relation between the selected 
off-axial area and the axial area is balanced to determine a certain 
position as the best image field position and an amount of correction to 
the said position is determined. The weighting is changed depending on the 
focal length of the photographic lens. More particularly, when wide angle 
lens having a short focal length is used as a photographic lens, the 
weighting is determined so that all of the areas are considered uniformly 
because of scenery image in many cases. When telephoto lens having a long 
focal length is used as a photographic lens, the weighting is determined 
so that the axial area has highest weight because the main object is 
likely to be positioned on or near the optical axis. 
The processing just referred to above will now be explained. A check is 
made as to which of e.sub.0, e.sub.14S and e.sub.12S (see FIG. 2) is in 
use as a focus detecting area (step #101, #102 and #103). If the area 
e.sub.0 on the optical axis is in use, the program advances to step #106, 
while in the case of an off-axial area, the program advances to step #105 
when the direction of arrangement of a plurality of light receiving 
elements in the CCD image sensors is the same as that of the axial areas, 
but when the said arrangement direction is perpendicular to the direction 
of the axial areas, the program advances to step #104. If the off-axial 
focus detecting areas are equidistant from the optical axis and the 
direction of arrangement of the CCD image sensors is the same as that of 
those areas, it is not necessary to divide as above. On the other hand, if 
the arrangement direction of the focus detecting areas are all different 
from each other, it is necessary to perform separate processings. 
In step #104, #105 and #106, there are determined deviation amounts 
.DELTA.SBx and .DELTA.SBy between the sensor-detected in-focus positions 
in X and Y directions and the best image field position. 
Then, in step #107 and #108, the focal length, f, of the photographic lens 
is checked. When the focal length is not larger than 35 mm, the program 
advances to step #111; when it exceeds 35 mm and is not larger than 135 
mm, the program advances to step #110; and when it exceeds 135 mm, the 
program advances to step #109, to determine the amount of correction SB, 
which is then subtracted from (or, as the case may be, added to) the 
defocus amount calculated previously to determine a defocus amount 
DF.sub.A from the best image field position (step #112). 
The given constants .DELTA.SB.sub.11S, .DELTA.SB.sub.01S, 
.DELTA.SB.sub.12S, .DELTA.SB.sub.02S and .DELTA.SB.sub.0 are predetermined 
according to the photographic lens and they are read out from the ROM 16 
incorporated in the lens and used. 
Referring now to FIG. 10, there is shown a second example of correction for 
the best image field position. In this example, a check is made as to 
whether the axial area e.sub.0 is in use as a focus detecting area or not 
(step #121), and if the answer is affirmative, there is used an axial 
correction value -.DELTA.SB.sub.0 as the amount of correction for 
obtaining the best image quality on and near the optical axis (step #122). 
When the focus detecting area used is an off-axial area, then like the 
first example, the focal length of the photographic lens is checked (step 
#123 and #124). In the case of a telephoto lens having a focal length 
exceeding 150 mm, there is made weighting at an axial area to off-axial 
area ratio of 3:1; in the case of a lens having a focal length in the 
range of 40 to 150 mm, there is made a 2:1 weighting and in the case of a 
lens not larger than 40 mm in focal length, a 1:1 weighting is made, and 
the amount of correction SB is determined (step #125, #126 and #127). 
Then, the defocus amount DF is corrected by the amount of correction SB to 
obtain a new defocus amount DF.sub.A. 
Referring now to FIG. 11, there is shown a third example of correction for 
the best image field position. In this example, a check is made as to 
whether the focus detecting area used is the axial area e.sub.0 or not 
(step #131), and if the answer is affirmative, the axial correction value 
-.DELTA.SB.sub.0 is used to obtain the best image quality on and near the 
optical axis (step #132). When the focus detecting area used is an 
off-axial area, the correction weighting is changed according to 
photographing (exposure) modes, which are classified as snap mode, scenery 
mode, sports mode, panning mode, etc. (step #133, #135, #137 and #139). 
In the snap mode, weight is laid on a relatively axial area of the 
photographic image plane, so the processing is made at an axial/off-axial 
correction value of 2:1 (step #134). In the scenery mode, the processing 
is performed at an axial/off-axial correction value of 1:2 in order to 
improve the image quality of the central part (step #136). In the sports 
mode, the processing is performed at an axial/off-axial correction value 
of 3:1 because of moving objects (step #138). In this case, there may be 
adopted only the off-axial value like 1:0. The processing in the panning 
mode is conducted at an axial/off-axial correction value of 1:1 because it 
is presumed that the object covers the whole image area (step #140). In 
other modes, there are used off-axial correction values directly (step 
#141). Using the resulting correction value SB, the defocus amount DF is 
corrected (step #142). 
In addition to the best image field correction described above, the method 
of adopting a correction value and the weighting ratio may be interlocked 
with the selection of each focus detecting area, or it will be possible to 
make direct input of a correction value using a best image field 
correcting change-over switch or the like. 
Moreover, the above embodiment assumes that the focus detecting areas are 
arranged as in FIG. 2(a) and that the correction values are in the 
sagittal direction. But, when it is assumed that the off-axial focus 
detecting areas are arranged in the meridional direction, there may be 
used the corresponding correction values in the execution of the 
processing. 
As set forth hereinabove, according to the focus detecting device of the 
present invention in which a photographic field is divided into plural 
areas and focus detection is made for each area, the weighting for the 
amount of correction is changed in consideration of the focal length of a 
photographic lens and the photographing mode at the time of correcting an 
error between an in-focus position of the photographic lens based on a 
focus detection signal for each area and the best image field position 
based on aberration of the lens in the focus detecting areas. 
Consequently, it is possible to obtain a high quality image conforming to 
the intention of the person who photographs. 
Although the present invention has been fully described by way of example 
with reference to the accompanying drawings, it is to be noted here that 
various changes and modifications will be apparent to those skilled in the 
art. Therefore, unless otherwise such changes and modifications depart 
from the scope of the present invention, they should be construed as being 
included therein.