Label machine

A label machine for forming individual labels from an endless tape strip. The machine includes a novel label removal device which uses compressed air to insure removal of each label to a collection station after it is cut from the endless strip, thereby preventing hang-up of labels at the machine's cutter assembly. The machine also includes a novel tape feed mechanism that provides accurate label length control, thereby preventing waste of tape. These mechanisms are preferably used in combination with a printer head, the novel tape feed and label removal mechanisms cooperating to prevent printing errors between leading and trailing labels cut from the endless tape strip.

This invention relates to label machines. 
In recent years, it has become common practice to bond heat sensitive 
labels to garments. This use of heat sensitive labels is quite prevalent 
in the uniform rental industry. In this use situation, a number of labels 
are cut from a reel of heat sensitive tape, each individual label being 
printed with, e.g., the customer code number and rental company route 
number, to insure return of the rental garments to the right customer 
after cleaning or washing by the uniform rental company. These individual 
labels have been heretofore produced by a label machine that provides the 
dual function of cutting the labels to length from an endless tape strip, 
and printing the code on the labels. 
Label machines which are known to the prior art, and which operate with a 
reel of heat sensitive tape to cut and print labels, are susceptible to 
two problems in commerical practice. First, once the label has been 
printed and cut from the endless tape strip, removal of that label from 
the machine's printing platen and cutter assembly is generally 
accomplished by mechanical means. One mechanical structure known to the 
prior art for removing such a cut and printed label is disclosed in U.S. 
Pat. No. 2,515,354. The structure shown in that patent uses a flipper bar 
to mechanically flip the label off the printing platen. Another mechanical 
structure known to the prior art for removing a cut off label from the 
printing platen is in the nature of a small conveyor belt type assembly 
which, in effect, conveys the newly formed label away from the machine's 
printer head and cutter assembly location. Both these structures, which 
have seen commerical use in the past, provide periodic maintenance 
problems to the user. Further, these structures are not always totally 
effective in removing a preceding label prior to a trailing label being 
thrust onto the printing platen. If this undesirable result occurs, the 
printer head may print partially on the trailing label and partially on 
the leading label. The second problem associated with these prior art 
label machines is the problem of controlling the length of the labels 
produced. This problem is inherent to the machines's tape feed mechanisms 
which function to extend or withdraw from the endless tape reel a new 
label length to be cut off by the cutter assembly, It has been found that 
the prior art tape feed mechanisms are not as effective as is desired to 
control the label length. Some labels may be too short with the attendant 
result that not all the printed indicia is received from the machine's 
printer head on the label, and some labels may be too long with the 
attendant waste of tape. One prior art tape feeder assembly is illustrated 
in the aforementioned U.S. Pat. No. 2,515,354. 
It is the primary objective of this invention to provide an efficient and 
reliable label removal mechanism and method for removing a cut and printed 
label into a collector from the cutter assembly and printer head area of a 
label machine. In accord with this objective, this invention comtemplates 
a label ejector nozzle positioned in operational relation with the cutter 
assembly, the label ejector nozzle being connected with an air source. Air 
discharged from the ejector nozzle is operable to blow each label away 
from the mechanism to a collection station after the label has been cut 
from the endless strip. In preferred form, the nozzle is connected with 
pneumatic motor means adapted to actuate a component of the label machine, 
the exhaust air from the pneumatic motor functioning as the air source. 
This novel structure and method insures the label will be removed from the 
cutter assembly and printer head quickly and efficiently time after time 
into the collection station. In turn, the reliable removal of the label 
time after time insures that a trailing label will not pass partially 
under or over a leading label and, therefore, insures there will not be 
any partial printing by the printer head on the trailing or leading label. 
Another objective of this invention is to provide an improved tape feed 
mechanism which is effective to insure a predetermined label length being 
accurately reproduced time after time, i.e., which insures the endless 
tape strip will be extended from the tape reel beyond the cutter assembly 
an identical distance time after time. In this connection, this invention 
contemplates a brake shoe movable into and out of braking relation with 
the tape feed's drive roll. The brake shoe functions to brake the drive 
roll to a complete stop as soon as the drive roll has entended the endless 
tape strip the predetermined length, the label length thereby being 
established and controlled by stopping rotation of the drive roll through 
use of the brake shoe. In preferred form, the brake shoe is fixed to the 
end of a reciprocable rack, the rack engaging a pinion fixed to the drive 
roll's shaft, and the brake shoe cooperates with a brake drum fixed to the 
drive roll's shaft. This novel structure insures accurate label length 
time after time by preventing overrun of the tape feed mechanism at 
relatively rapid label output rates, thereby preventing waste of the tape 
supply. 
A further objective of this invention has been to provide an improved tape 
alignment mechanism operable to align, and to maintain alignment thereof, 
the center plane of the tape reel and the center line of the tape strip 
with the desired planar travel path of the endless strip through the label 
machine. This alignment mechanism includes novel spool adjustment 
structure operable to adjust the tape reel laterally relative to the 
desired planar travel path of the tape strip and novel tape strip 
adjustment structure operable to adjust the tape strip laterally relative 
to that desired planar travel path. This alignment mechanism permits a 
label machine to be used with varying width tapes without changing 
alignment of the tape feed mechanism of the printer head.

A label machine 10 in accord with the principles of this invention is 
illustrated generally in FIG. 1. The label machine 10 basically includes a 
printer head 11, a tape feed mechanism 12, a cutter assembly 13, a tape 
alignment mechanism 14, a label ejector nozzle 15, and a collection 
station 16, all mounted on frame 17. The printer head 11, as operated by 
pneumatic motor 18, pivots on axis 19 into and out of printing relation 
with platen 20. The tape feed mechanism 12 includes a drive roll 21 
rotated by linearally reciprocable rack 22, the rack being powered by 
pneumatic motor 23. The rack 22 carries a brake shoe 24 at its outer end 
which reciprocates into and out of braking relation with brake drum 25, 
the brake drum 25 being fixed to rotate with the drive roll 21. The cutter 
assembly 13 includes a cut off blade 26 that cooperates with a cutter 
anvil 27, see FIG. 3, the cutter assembly being powered by pneumatic motor 
28. The label ejector nozzle 15 is defined in nozzle head 29, and is 
connected by line 30 with the printer head's pneumatic motor 18. 
In use, and generally speaking, an endless tape strip 31 is received in 
reel 32 form on supply spool 33, the strip being wound through the tape 
feed mechansim in a desired common planar travel path 34 for the endless 
strip through the machine, see FIGS. 1-3. In response to a work stroke 35 
of rack 22, drive roll 21 is rotated clockwise as shown in the figures to 
extend a leading section 36 of the endless strip 31 onto the platen 20, 
the brake shoe 24 being movable into braking relation with the brake drum 
25 at the end of the rack's work stroke 35 so as to instantly stop the 
drive roll 21, thereby establishing and controlling the predetermined 
length of section 36 and, hence, for the label 36a. Subsequently, the 
printer head 11 is reciprocated into printing contact with the tape 
section 36 on the platen 20, the printer head remaining in printing 
contact with the tape section on the platen to hold it down while the 
cutter blade 26 of the cutter assembly is operated by the pneumatic motor 
28 to cut the predetermined label length 36 from the endless strip 31. 
Thereafter, the printer head 11 is reciprocated back into the home 
position shown in FIG. 1, exhaust air from the printer head's pneumatic 
motor 18 during its return stroke being exhausted through air line 30 and, 
hence, through the label ejector nozzle 15, for blowing the severed label 
36a away from the printer head 11 and cutter assembly 13 into the 
collection box 16. 
The printer head 11, as shown in FIG. 1, is pivotally mounted on support 
posts 40 fixed to the machine frame 17. The printer head 11 is pivoted on 
axis 19 between its home position shown in FIG. 1, and a print position 
(not shown, but where type wheels 41 are impressed against tape section 36 
on the printing platen 20) by the double acting type pneumatic cylinder 
18. The pneumatic cylinder 18 is pivotally fixed at cylinder end 42 to the 
machine frame 17, and is fixed at piston rod end 43 to cross bar 44 in the 
printer head 11. The pneumatic cylinder 18 is connected with a compressed 
air source by high pressure lines 45, 46 and valving, not shown, at each 
end thereof. The exhaust air side 47 of the cylinder 18, when the piston 
48 moves from air line 45 end to air line 46 end, i.e., when the printer 
head 11 is returned from printing position to home position, in response 
to compressed air through line 45, is connected by exhaust air line 30 to 
the label ejector nozzle 15. the printer head 11 itself, and the inking 
assembly 49 that serves the printer head, is more particularly disclosed 
and described in U.S. Pat. No. 2,672,811. 
The tape feed mechanism 12 is particularly illustrated in FIGS. 1-7. As 
shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the tape feed mechanism 12 includes a drive roll 
21 having its axle 51 journalled between fixed or immobile side plates 52, 
53. The drive roll 21 is associated with tensioning apparatus that 
includes idler rolls 54, 55 which are spring 56 loaded against the drive 
roll's outer surface, idler rolls 57, 58 which are spaced from the drive 
roll, and stationary tension pins 59-62. The idler rolls 54, 55, 57 and 58 
are journalled between the side plates 52, 53, but the tension pins 59-62 
are fixed to angle bracked 63 that is mounted to side plate 52. The spring 
56 loaded idler rolls 54 and 55 have shafts ends 64 journalled in slots 65 
defined in the side plates 52, 53, the springs 56 being set in side plate 
bores 66, as restrained by set screws 57, for holding the spring loaded 
idler rolls in spring loaded contact with the drive roll's surface, see 
FIG. 6. The compression of springs 56 is adjustable through use of set 
screws 67. The idler rolls 54, 55, 57 and 58 are all preferably knurled on 
the exterior surface, but the stationary pins 59-62 are provided with a 
smooth surface. A presser foot 71 cooperates with the first or downstream 
idler roll 57 to aid in preventing backlash, and to iron out any wrinkles 
in the tape strip 31 as it enters the general area of the drive roll 21, 
see FIGS. 3 and 5. This presser foot 71, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 5, 
includes plate 72 which extends across the idler roll 57 and is held in 
spring 73 loaded relation therewith by bolts 74 received in the opposed 
guide plates 52, 53, see FIG. 5. Also, note the guide elements 68-70 which 
aid in preventing backlash of the endless tape strip 31 as it proceeds 
through the tape feed mechansim 12, the guide elements being trapped 
between the inside faces of the opposed guide plates 52, 53 in grooves, 
not shown. As shown particularly in FIG. 3, the endless tape strip 31 
proceeds in direction 50 from the supply spool 14 through the series of 
four tension pins 59-62, between the presser foot 71 and idler roll 57, 
under the idler rolls 58, then up and around the spring loaded idler roll 
54, and then around drive roll 21 and under idler 55 to provide a 
substantially 270.degree. wrap for the endless tape strip 31 about the 
drive roll 21. 
The endless tape strip 31 is ejected outwardly from the tape feed mechansim 
12 in generally horizontal fashion onto support plate 75 and then onto the 
printing platen 20 until a predetermined length section 36 has been 
ejected. The endless tape strip 31 passes beneath cutter anvil 27 that is 
mounted on the guide plates 52, 53 across the width of the strip as shown 
in FIGS. 2 and 3, cutter knife blade 26 being vertically reciprocable into 
and out of cutting relation with the cutter anvil as shown in FIG. 3. The 
knife blade 26 is guided in its vertical motion by guide plate 76 fixed 
between the side plates 52, 53. The knife blade 26 is powered by an air 
return pneumatic cylinder 28, and is connected to that cylinder's piston 
rod 77 at one end, cylinder being fixed to frame 78 that also extends 
between the side plates 52, 53. The label ejector nozzle 15 is fixed in 
place on top of the cutter anvil 27, the nozzle including a longitudinally 
oriented bore 79 therein adapted to direct an air discharge (indicated by 
phantom arrow 80) in a plane generally parallel to the travel path 81 of 
the tape strip 31 through the machine, and directed away from the cutter 
assembly 13 and tape feed mechanism 12 toward collection station 16. Note 
that the machine's collection station 16 is in the nature of a box or 
tray, and is fixed to the machine's frame 17 downstream of the printing 
platen 20 so that the label section 36 sliced from the endless tape strip 
31 by the blade 26 can be blown off the platen into the tray. 
The tape feed mechanism also includes drive means 82 for rotating the drive 
wheel 21, see FIGS. 2, 4 and 7. The drive means 82 is comprised of a 
pinion 83 mounted on drive wheel shaft 51 that cooperates with linear rack 
22 extended and retracted by a pneumatic cylinder 23. The pneumatic 
cylinder's housing is pinned at 84 to post 85 on the bracket 63, and free 
end of the piston rod 86 is connected to the rack 22. 
The pneumatic cylinder 23 is connected with a compressed air source at both 
ends by air lines 91, 92 to provide positive force on the rack's work 
strokes 35 and return 93 strokes. The pinion gear 83 is journalled on the 
drive shaft 51 at one end by a one-way clutch bearing 89, and the other 
end of the drive shaft 51 is journalled in the sideplate 53 also by a 
one-way clutch bearing 90, the one-way clutch bearings 89, 90 cooperating 
to allow rotation of the drive roll 21 clockwise as illustrated in the 
Figures, but preventing rotation of the drive roll counter-clockwise. Any 
one-way clutch bearing structure may be used. The rack 22 is guided in its 
linear stroke 35, 93, and is maintained in meshed relation with the pinion 
gear 83, by track 94 fixed to the angle bracket 63, which track carries 
slide rails 95 received in grooves 96 on opposite sides of the rack, see 
FIG. 7. 
The rack 22, at the free end thereof, mounts the brake shoe 24 (which 
includes a brake lining 87), the brake shoe being carried on plate 88 
fixed to the rack by bolt 38. The brake shoe 24 itself cooperates with 
brake drum 25 which is fixed on the drive wheel shaft 51. Note, as shown 
in FIG. 2, the brake shoe's plate 88 is provided with a slot 39 that 
permits the plate and, hence, the brake shoe 24, to move longitudinally of 
the rack 22 when bolt 38 is loosened. The slot 39 and bolt 38 constitute 
brake shoe locator structure for varying the reciprocable stroke length L 
of the brake shoe 24 relative to the drive roll 21 and, more specifically, 
relative to the brake drum 25. It is this reciprocable stroke length L of 
the brake shoe 24 relative to the brake drum 25 that determines the length 
L' of the endless label strip section 36 which is extended beyond the 
cutter blade 26 in response to rotation of the drive roll 21. Hence, and 
by moving the brake shoe 24 longitudinally relative to the rack 22 by use 
of the bolt 38 and slot 39 structure, an increase or decrease in the 
length L' of the extended endless strip can be achieved since this length 
L' responds directly to the increase or decrease, respectively, of the 
brake shoe stroke length L relative to the drive roll. To further 
accommodate the adjustment of length L', a second hole 37 may be provided 
to receive bolt 38. Variable lengths may then be made as discussed above. 
Hence, the work stroke 35 of the rack 22 causes the drive wheel 21 to 
rotate in a clockwise direction until brake shoe 24 contacts brake drum 
25, thereby establishing and controlling the predetermined length L' of 
the label strip's section 36 extended beyond the knife blade 26. The 
return stroke 93 of the rack 22 simply repositions the brake shoe 24 at a 
home position preparatory to the next cycle without rotating the drive 
wheel 21 counter-clockwise because of the one-way clutch bearings 89, 90. 
The tape alignment mechanism 14 is operable to align, and to maintain 
alignment of, the center plane 97 of the tape reel 32 and the center line 
98 of the tape strip 31, with the desired planar travel path 34 of the 
endless tape strip through the machine 10 regardless of the width of the 
tape being processed by the label machine. The alignment mechanism 14 
includes a tape strip adjustment structure illustrated particularly in 
FIGS. 2 and 3. As shown in those figures, two alignment collars 99 are 
received in sliding relation on a tension pin 62, rthe alignment collars 
being retained in a desired position on that pin by set screws (not 
shown). When the tape width increases or decreases (i.e., when reel 32 is 
changed), or if the tape is not being retained in desired alignment 
relative to center plane 34 of the tape feed mechanism 12 and printer head 
11, the alignment collars 99 need merely be repositioned as required on 
the tension pin. 
The spool adjustment structure 102 is particularly illustrated in FIGS. 1 
and 8. The spool 33 includes a side plate 104 fixed on stationary axle 
105, the stationary side plate 104 being fixed to that axle at primary hub 
106 by bolts 107. A laterally movable and rotatable side plate 108 is 
fixed to secondary hub 109 and is received on axle end 110 against the 
primary hub 107. The rotatable side plate 108 is spring 111 loaded toward 
fixed side plate 104, compression being retained on the spring 111 by 
movable collar 112 adjustable along the axle 110 and retained in the 
adjusted position by thumb screw 113. The spring 111 loaded side plate 108 
allows the spool 33 to accommodate different width tapes. The stationary 
axle 105 is received in bore 114 of mounting block 115. The mounting block 
115 is fixed to the machine frame 17 by screws 116. The axle 105 is 
retained in fixed relation with the mounting block 115, and thereby the 
spool 33 is also retained relative to center plane 34, by thumb screw 117 
(which is threaded into the axle 105) that is slideable in slot 118 in the 
mounting block. Adjustment wheel 119 is threadedly engaged also with the 
mounting block 115 to bear axially against the spool's axle 105, thereby 
providing a fine adjustment by which the spool 33 can be moved laterally 
relative to the axle tape feed mechanism 12 and printer head 11. In this 
way the center plane 97 of the tape reel 32 can be aligned parallel to the 
desired planar travel path 34 of the tape strip. 
In use of the label machine of this invention, a new reel 32 of tape is 
initially installed on the spool 33 by removing sideplate 108. The 
sideplate 108 is then reinstalled on axle 110 with spring 111 being 
provided with suitable compression through use of collar 112 and set screw 
113. Subsequently, the tape strip 31 is withdrawn from the reel 32 and 
threaded through the tape feed mechanism 12 and under the cutter anvil 27 
onto the printing platen 20 as shown in FIG. 3. The center line 98 of the 
tape strip is then aligned in the vertical center plane 34 of the tape 
feed mechanism 12 and printer 11 as shown in FIG. 2. The center plane 97 
of the reel 32 is then aligned likewise in the plane 34 by use of 
adjustment wheel 119. The position of brake shoe 24 relative to brake drum 
25 is then adjusted by locator structure 38, 39, so as to define the 
length L' of the free end 36 of the tape strip 31 which will be extended 
from the tape feed mechanism 12 upon operation of a single cycle of that 
mechanism. This tape strip length L' is the same as the stroke length L' 
between brake shoe 24 and drum 25. The label machine is now ready to cut 
and print labels 36a from the tape reel 32. 
The operating sequence commences with the rack's pneumatic motor 23 drawing 
the rack 22 along work stroke 35, thereby rotating drive wheel 21 to eject 
a tape section 36 at the free end of the tape strip 31 onto the printing 
anvil 20. The length of the label section 36 is established and controlled 
by the length L of the work stroke 35, and by stopping the drive wheel 21 
immediately upon braking contact of the brake shoe 24 with the brake drum 
25. Thereafter, pneumatic motor 18 for the print head 11 is activated for 
pivoting the print head 11 into printing relation with the label section 
36 on the printing platen 20, while simultaneously the rack 22 is returned 
to its home position along return stroke 93 by the pneumatic motor 23. The 
label strip 31 is not moved during the return stroke 93 of the rack 22 
because of the one-way clutch bearings 89, 90 as previously mentioned. 
While the print head 11 is holding the label strip section 36 down on the 
printing platen 20, the cutter assembly's pneumatic motor 28 raises the 
knife blade 26 to cut the label section 36 from the tape strip 31. 
Subsequently, the print head 11 is returned to its home position shown in 
FIG. 1 through use of pneumatic motor 18. The exhaust air from the lower 
chamber of the print head cylinder 18 is exhausted from that chamber 
through exhaust air line 30 into nozzle 15, and is discharged through bore 
79 in that nozzle so as to blow the label section 36 across the print 
platen 20 and into the collection tray 16. When the exhaust air from the 
pneumatic motor 18 is completely exhausted, the cycle begins over once 
again. This operational or method cycle may be controlled by a pneumatic 
circuit through use of suitable control valves, not shown.