Organic light-emitting display device

An organic light-emitting display device including a substrate including a display area and a non-display area; a thin film transistor disposed on the substrate in the non-display area; an electroluminescent device disposed in the display area; and an overcoat layer disposed on the substrate and including two or more concave portions and two or more convex portions in the display area. Further, the two or more concave portions and the two or more convex portions form a linear pattern in a plan view. In addition, the electroluminescent device includes a first electrode disposed on the overcoat layer and connecting the electroluminescent device to the thin film transistor; an organic light-emitting layer disposed on the first electrode and configured to emit light; and a second electrode disposed on the organic light-emitting layer. Also, the linear pattern of the two or more concave portions and the two or more convex portions comprise one of a zigzag pattern, a streamlined pattern, and combinations thereof.

CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION

This application claims priority from Korean Patent Application Nos. 10-2016-0162308 filed on Nov. 30, 2016, and 10-2016-0083123 filed on Jun. 30, 2016, which are hereby incorporated by reference as if fully set forth herein.

BACKGROUND

Field

The present disclosure relates to an organic light-emitting display device.

Description of the Related Art

Organic light-emitting display devices can be fabricated to be relatively light and thin, since organic electroluminescent (EL) devices or organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) that can emit light themselves are used therein. In addition, organic light-emitting display devices are not only advantageous in terms of power consumption, because they are driven at low voltages, but also have desirable qualities such as the ability to implement a range of colors, rapid response rates, wide viewing angles, and high contrast ratios. Thus, organic light-emitting display devices for next-generation displays have been actively researched.

Light generated by an organic light-emitting layer of an organic light-emitting display device is emitted from the organic light-emitting display device through several components of the organic light-emitting display device. However, a portion of light generated by the organic light-emitting layer may fail to exit the organic light-emitting display device and be trapped therewithin, thereby causing a problem of low light extraction efficiency in the organic light-emitting display device.

Specifically, for an organic light-emitting display device having a bottom emission structure, about 50% of light generated by the organic light-emitting layer may be trapped within the organic light-emitting display device through total internal reflection or light absorption by an anode electrode while about 30% of light generated by the organic light-emitting layer may be trapped within the organic light-emitting display device through total internal reflection or light absorption by a substrate. That is, about 80% of light generated by the organic light-emitting layer may be trapped within the organic light-emitting display device, and only about 20% of light may be emitted outwardly, leading to poor light extraction efficiency.

To improve the light extraction efficiency of organic light-emitting display devices, a microlens array (MLA) has been attached to an overcoat layer of an organic light-emitting display device. However, even when an MLA is attached to the overcoat layer of the organic light-emitting display device, a large amount of light is trapped within the organic light-emitting display device, leading to a problem in which only a small amount of light is emitted outwardly.

SUMMARY

Accordingly, various aspects of the present disclosure provide an organic light-emitting display device that improves light extraction efficiency.

To achieve these and other advantages and in accordance with the purpose of the present invention, as embodied and broadly described herein, the present invention provides in one aspect an organic light-emitting display device including a substrate including a display area and a non-display area; a thin film transistor disposed on the substrate in the non-display area; an electroluminescent device disposed in the display area; and an overcoat layer disposed on the substrate and including two or more concave portions and two or more convex portions in the display area. Further, the two or more concave portions and the two or more convex portions form a linear pattern in a plan view. In addition, the electroluminescent device includes a first electrode disposed on the overcoat layer and connecting the electroluminescent device to the thin film transistor; an organic light-emitting layer disposed on the first electrode and configured to emit light; and a second electrode disposed on the organic light-emitting layer. Also, the linear pattern of the two or more concave portions and the two or more convex portions comprise one of a zigzag pattern, a streamlined pattern, and combinations thereof.

In another aspect, the present invention provides an organic light-emitting display device including a substrate including a display area and a non-display area; a thin film transistor disposed on the substrate in the non-display area; an electroluminescent device disposed in the display area; and an overcoat layer disposed on the substrate and including two or more concave portions and two or more convex portions in the display area. Further, the two or more concave portions and the two or more convex portions form a plan-view pattern including one of a polygonal pattern having same centers, a polygonal pattern having different centers, a circular pattern having same centers, a circular pattern having different centers, a spiral pattern, and combinations thereof. In addition, the electroluminescent device includes a first electrode disposed on the overcoat layer and connecting the electroluminescent device to the thin film transistor; an organic light-emitting layer disposed on the first electrode and configured to emit light; and a second electrode disposed on the organic light-emitting layer.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

Reference will now be made in detail to exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments set forth herein are provided for illustrative purposes to fully convey the concept of the present disclosure to a person skilled in the art. The present disclosure should not be construed as being limited to these embodiments and may be embodied in many different forms. In the drawings, the size and thickness of the device may be exaggerated for the sake of clarity. Throughout this document, the same reference numerals and symbols will be used to designate the same or like components.

The advantages and features of the present disclosure and methods of the realization thereof will be apparent with reference from the accompanying drawings and detailed descriptions of the embodiments. The present disclosure should not be construed to be limited to the embodiments set forth herein and may be embodied in many different forms. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that the present disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the present disclosure to a person skilled in the art. In the drawings, the sizes and relative sizes of layers and areas may be exaggerated for the sake of clarity.

When an element or a layer is referred to as being “on” another element or layer, not only can it be “directly on” the other element or layer, but it can also be “indirectly on” the other element or layer via an “intervening” element or layer. In contrast, when an element or a layer is referred to as being “directly on” another element or layer, it will be understood that no intervening element or layer is interposed.

Spatially relative terms such as “below,” “beneath,” “under,” “lower,” “above,” and “upper” may be used herein for the ease of description of the relationship of an element or components to another element or other components as illustrated in the drawings. The spatially relative terms should be construed as terms encompassing different orientations of the element in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the drawings. For example, when elements illustrated in the drawings are turned over, an element described as “below,” “beneath,” or “under” another element would then be oriented “above” the other element. Thus, the example term “below,” “beneath,” or “under” can encompass both orientations of above and below.

In addition, terms such as “first,” “second,” “A,” “B,” “(a),” and “(b)” may be used herein to describe the components. It should be understood, however, that these terms are only used to distinguish one component from another component and the substance, order, sequence, or number of the components is not limited by these terms.

FIG. 1is a schematic view illustrating an organic light-emitting display device100according to exemplary embodiments. Referring toFIG. 1, the organic light-emitting display device100may be an organic electroluminescent device including two electrodes and an organic layer between the two electrodes or various light-emitting display devices including an organic electronic device.

The organic light-emitting display device100can be an organic light-emitting display device displaying an image, a lighting device, a light source, or the like. For example, when the organic light-emitting display device100is the organic light-emitting display device, the organic light-emitting display device100may be at least one of a bottom emission display device, a top emission display device, a dual emission display device, a flexible display device, and a transparent display device, but is not necessarily limited thereto.

When the organic light-emitting display device100is the lighting device, the organic light-emitting display device100may be an indoor and outdoor lighting device, a vehicle lighting device, or the like or may be coupled to other apparatuses to be used in the lighting devices described above. For example, the vehicle lighting device may be at least one of headlights, high beam lights, taillights, brake lights, back-up lights, stoplights, fog lamps, turn signal lights, and auxiliary lamps, but is not necessarily limited thereto.

When the organic light-emitting display device100is the light source, the organic light-emitting display device100can be effectively used in, for example, a backlight of a liquid crystal display (LCD), a lighting apparatus, various sensors, a light source for printers or copy machines, a light source for vehicle gauges, a signal light, a pilot lamp, a light source for an area light-emitting device, a decoration, or various lights.

Hereinafter, the present specification discloses the organic light-emitting display device100is an organic light-emitting display device. However, the organic light-emitting display device100is not limited to being the organic light-emitting display device and may be a lighting device or a light source as discussed above.

Referring toFIG. 1again, the organic light-emitting display device100includes a panel110having a plurality of first lines VL1to VLm formed in a first direction and a plurality of second lines HL1to HLn formed in a second direction, a first driving unit120supplying a first signal to the plurality of first lines VL1to VLm, a second driving unit130supplying a second signal to the plurality of second lines HL1to HLn, and a control unit (controller)140controlling the first driving unit120and the second driving unit130.

The first driving unit120may be a data driving unit which supplies a data voltage to a data wiring, and the second driving unit130may be a gate driving unit which supplies a scanning signal to a gate wiring. In the panel110, a plurality of pixels P are defined according to the intersection of the plurality of first lines VL1to VLm formed in the first direction and the plurality of second lines HL1to HLn formed in the second direction.

Further, an electrode connected to a thin film transistor controlling emission of each pixel area in the panel110is referred to as a first electrode. An electrode disposed on a front surface of the panel110or disposed so as to include two or more pixel areas is referred to as a second electrode. When the first electrode is an anode, the second electrode is a cathode, and vice versa. Hereinafter, descriptions disclose when an anode is an embodiment of the first electrode and a cathode is an embodiment of the second electrode, but the present disclosure is not limited thereto.

In addition, each pixel includes one or more subpixels, for example, three or four subpixels. In more detail, the subpixel is a unit in which one specific kind of a color filter is formed or a unit in which a color filter is not formed and an organic electroluminescent device can emit a special color. Colors defined in the subpixel include red (R), green (G), and blue (B), and selectively include white (W), but the present disclosure is not limited thereto. Each subpixel also includes a separate thin film transistor and an electrode connected to the separate thin film transistor.

In addition, in order to improve light extraction efficiency of an organic light-emitting layer, each subpixel may include a light-scattering layer disposed in a display area such as a microlens array, a nano pattern, a diffuse pattern, or a silica bead.

Hereinafter, the microlens array is described as an embodiment of the light-scattering layer. Embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited to the microlens array, but various structures for scattering light may be coupled and applied to embodiments of the present disclosure.

Next,FIG. 2is a cross-sectional view illustrating an organic light-emitting display device200to which a microlens is applied. Referring toFIG. 2, the organic light-emitting display device200includes a thin film transistor220on a substrate210and an organic electroluminescent device230electrically connected to the thin film transistor220. The substrate210is divided into a display area (e.g., an emission layer EA) and a non-display area NEA, and the thin film transistor220is disposed in the non-display area NEA and the organic electroluminescent device230is disposed in the display area EA.

In addition, the thin film transistor220includes an active layer222, a gate electrode224, a source electrode226, and a drain electrode228. A gate insulating film223is disposed between the active layer222and the gate electrode224. Further, the organic electroluminescent device230includes a first electrode232, an organic light-emitting layer234, and a second electrode236.

An interlayer insulating film240may be disposed on the gate electrode224. In addition, the source electrode226and the drain electrode228contact the active layer222through first and second contact holes242and244in the interlayer insulating film240. A protective layer250is also disposed on the source electrode226and the drain electrode228.

In addition, an overcoat layer260is disposed on the substrate210including the protective layer250. The first electrode232of the organic electroluminescent device230connected to the drain electrode226of the thin film transistor220is disposed on the overcoat layer260. A bank270exposing a portion of the first electrode232to define a pixel is also disposed on the overcoat layer260. Further, the organic light-emitting layer234is disposed on the bank270and the first electrode232exposed by the bank270.

Here, the organic light-emitting layer234may only be disposed on the first electrode232exposed by the bank270or may be disposed on both of the first electrode232and the bank270. In addition, the second electrode236of the organic electroluminescent device230is disposed so as to overlap the organic light-emitting layer234and the bank270. The first electrode232is connected to the thin film transistor220via an extension portion268extending from the concave portions262and the convex portions264as shown inFIG. 2.

In order to improve light extraction of the organic light-emitting display device200, the overcoat layer260includes a plurality of concave portions262and a plurality of convex portions264in the display area EA. In more detail, the structure including the plurality of concave portions262and the plurality of convex portions264is referred to as a microlens array (MLA).

In this instance, among light incident on an interface between the microlens array (MLA) and the first electrode232of the organic light-emitting display device200, light incident at an incident angle less than or equal to a critical total reflection angle is emitted to the outside of the substrate210as it is. Light incident at an incident angle greater than or equal to the critical total reflection angle hits the microlens and a light path thereof is changed. Finally, the light is emitted to the outside of the substrate210. Therefore, it is possible to improve light extraction efficiency of the organic light-emitting display device200to which the microlens is applied.

FIG. 3is a plan view illustrating the organic light-emitting display device200to which the microlens is applied, andFIG. 4is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-B of the organic light-emitting display device200. Referring toFIGS. 3 and 4, the organic light-emitting display device200is divided into a first area272corresponding to the convex portion264of the overcoat layer260, a second area274disposed between the concave portion262and the convex portion264of the overcoat layer260, and a third area276corresponding to the concave portion262of the overcoat layer260with respect to a thickness of the organic light-emitting layer234in the organic electroluminescent device230in an area corresponding to an area in which the microlens is disposed.

When the organic light-emitting layer234is formed through a deposition process having linearity, the thickness of the organic light-emitting layer234formed in the second area274corresponding to an inclined plane is thinner than that of the organic light-emitting layer234formed in each of the first area272and the third area276with respect to a direction perpendicular to an inclined plane of the second area274.

Therefore, because the thickness of the organic light-emitting layer234in the second area274is thinner than that of the organic light-emitting layer234in each of the first area272and the third area276, the organic electroluminescent device230mostly emits light in the second area274due to high current density in the second area274. In addition, because an incident angle of light incident on an inclined plane of the microlens is mostly concentrated inside of a critical total reflection angle in an area corresponding to the second area274, multiple reflection is realized to improve light extraction efficiency.

When the second area274mostly emitting light due to high current density in a display area is increased at the time of applying the microlens, the light extraction efficiency is improved. A distribution of the second area274can also match a distribution of a microlens structure including the concave portion262and the convex portion264of the overcoat layer260. In order to increase the distribution of the microlens structure, when a pitch of the microlens structure is relatively decreased, the distribution of the second area274is also increased. As a result, the entire area of the second area274can be increased, thereby improving light extraction efficiency.

Next,FIGS. 5 and 6illustrate plan-view shapes or patterns of the concave portions262and the convex portions264of the overcoat layer260. As illustrated inFIG. 5, the overcoat layer260may have a honeycomb pattern, in a plan view, in which a specific shape, for example, the convex portion264having a hexagonal shape, surrounds the concave portion262.

Since a microlens structure is oriented toward the substrate210by the overcoat layer260having the honeycomb pattern, in a plan view, in which the convex portion264having the hexagonal shape surrounds the concave portion262, the overcoat layer260can be used in a bottom emission organic light-emitting display device displaying an image toward the substrate210.

In a process, the overcoat layer260having the honeycomb pattern inFIG. 5can be fabricated by applying a material of the overcoat layer260to the entirety of the substrate210, irradiating light onto a honeycomb pattern mask having an opened exposed portion corresponding to the concave portion262, and then etching an area onto which light is irradiated using an etchant. The material of the overcoat layer260may be a general positive photoresist, but is not limited thereto.

As illustrated inFIG. 6, the overcoat layer260may have a honeycomb pattern in which a member having a specific shape or pattern, for example, the concave portion262having a hexagonal shape surrounds the convex portion264. Because a microlens structure is oriented in the direction opposite to the substrate210by the overcoat layer260having the honeycomb pattern, in a plan view, in which the hexagonal concave portion262surrounds the convex portions264, the overcoat layer260can be used in a top emission organic light-emitting display device displaying an image in the direction opposite to the substrate210.

In a process, the overcoat layer264having the honeycomb pattern inFIG. 6can be fabricated by applying a material of the overcoat layer260to the entirety of the substrate210, irradiating light onto a honeycomb pattern mask having an opened exposed portion corresponding to the convex portion264, and then etching an area onto which light is not irradiated using an etchant.

The material of the overcoat layer260may be general negative photoresist, but is not limited thereto. As described above, in order to relatively decrease the pitch of the microlens structure to increase the distribution of the microlens structure, one of an opened exposed portion and an unopened unexposed position should be reduced from a mask.

Next,FIGS. 7A and 7Billustrate defects of the overcoat layer260when an area of an exposed portion282of a mask280is reduced in a process. As illustrated inFIG. 7A, when the area of the exposed portion282of the mask280is relatively wide, the concave portion262or the concave portion264of the overcoat layer260can secure an optimal shape. However, when the area of the exposed portion282is reduced in the mask280so as to relatively reduce a pitch of a microlens structure (from p1to p2) as illustrated inFIG. 7B, an actual amount of exposed light passing through the exposed portion282of the mask280is decreased. Thus, a material260aof the overcoat layer260is not sufficiently cured, leading to a decrease in a size and a height of the concave portion262and the convex portion264of the overcoat layer260, i.e., a problem that an optimal shape is not secured.

FIGS. 8A and 8Billustrate defects in the overcoat layer260when the area of an unexposed portion284of the mask280is reduced. As illustrated inFIG. 8A, when the area of the unexposed portion284of the mask280is relatively wide, a distance between the concave portions262or the concave portions264of the overcoat layer260, i.e., a gap can be secured. However, when a width of the unexposed portion284, i.e., a gap is reduced (from g3to g4) in the mask280so as to relatively reduce a pitch of a microlens structure (from p3to p4) as illustrated inFIG. 8B, optical interference may occur between the exposed portions282, leading to the flattening of the concave portions262or the convex portions264, i.e., a problem in which a final shape is not secured.

Hereinafter, because an organic light-emitting display device according to exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure described later includes an overcoat layer having a structure in which two or more concave portions and two or more convex portions are arranged in a linear shape or pattern, rather than having a honeycomb structure in which a convex portion surrounds a concave portion or the concave portion surrounds the convex portion, the present disclosure is directed to provide an organic light-emitting display device that improves light extraction efficiency in a display area by minimizing a pitch between concave portions or convex portions.

FIG. 9is a plan view illustrating an organic light-emitting display device300according to an exemplary embodiment, andFIG. 10is a cross-sectional view taken along line E-F ofFIG. 9. Referring toFIGS. 2, 9 and 10, the organic light-emitting display device300includes a substrate310divided into a display area and a non-display area, an overcoat layer360disposed on the substrate310and including two or more concave portions362and two or more convex portions364having a linear shape or pattern in a plan view, a first electrode332disposed on the overcoat layer360, and an organic light-emitting layer334disposed on the first electrode332, and a second electrode336disposed on the organic light-emitting layer334. The term “linear shape” includes any type of linear shape such as a straight line, a streamlined shape, and combinations thereof.

Because the two or more concave portions362and the two or more convex portions364are arranged in the linear shape or pattern in the overcoat layer360, a pitch p between the concave portions362or the convex portions364can be minimized in an exposure process using a mask. The first electrode332, the organic light-emitting layer334, and the second electrode336constitute an organic electroluminescent device330electrically connected to the thin film transistor220illustrated inFIG. 2.

Further, an interlayer insulating film340is disposed on the thin film transistor220including the active layer222, the gate electrode224, the source electrode226, and the drain electrode228illustrated inFIG. 2. A protective layer350is disposed on the interlayer insulating film340. In addition, the overcoat layer360is disposed on the substrate310including the protective layer350.

The first electrode332of the organic electroluminescent device330electrically connected to the thin film transistor220is disposed on the overcoat layer360. The bank (270ofFIG. 2) exposing a portion of the first electrode332to define a pixel is disposed on the overcoat layer360. The bank is called a pixel definition layer. In addition, the organic light-emitting layer334is disposed on the bank and the first electrode232exposed by the bank.

The second electrode336of the organic electroluminescent device330is disposed so as to overlap the organic light-emitting layer334. In addition, the organic light-emitting display device300applicable to exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure may further include a color filter layer disposed on the protective layer350or the second electrode336. The color filter layer may only be disposed in some subpixels of a plurality of subpixels constituting the organic light-emitting display device300.

The two or more concave portions362and the two or more convex portions364may have a plan-view shape selected from among a zigzag shape or pattern as illustrated inFIGS. 9 and 11, a linear shape or pattern as illustrated inFIGS. 13 and 14, a streamlined shape or pattern, and combinations thereof. When the two or more concave portions362and the two or more convex portions364are arranged in the zigzag shape or pattern or the streamlined shape or pattern rather than the linear shape or pattern, the organic electroluminescent device330can emit light in various directions rather than in a single direction, thereby improving a viewing angle.

When the two or more concave portions362and the two or more convex portions364are arranged in the zigzag shape or pattern as illustrated inFIGS. 9 and 11, an included angle of the zigzag shape or pattern may be in the range of about 80° to about 120° as shown inFIG. 12, but is not limited thereto. As described above, when the two or more concave portions362and the two or more convex portions364are arranged in the zigzag shape or pattern or the streamlined shape or pattern, light can be emitted in various directions to improve a viewing angle. When the included angle is less than about 80° or more than about 120°, the zigzag shape or pattern or the streamlined shape or pattern approaches a linear shape. Thus, an improvement effect of the viewing angle is relatively lowered. In other words, when the included angle is in the range of about 80° to about 120°, an improvement effect of the viewing angle is maximized.

Further, the two or more concave portions362and the two or more convex portions364may be linearly arranged on the substrate310, in a first direction as illustrated inFIGS. 9 and 13or a second direction, different from the first direction, as illustrated inFIGS. 11 and 14. The first direction and the second direction may respectively be a horizontal direction and a vertical direction and may be perpendicular to each other, but the present disclosure is not limited thereto. In other words, because the direction of the two or more concave portions362and the two or more convex portions364is not limited, the degree of freedom is raised when the organic light-emitting display device300is designed.

In addition, a pitch p between the two or more concave portions362or the two or more convex portions364may be greater than or equal to a specific distance, but is not limited thereto. The pitch p between the two or more concave portions362or the two or more convex portions364may also be reduced to a specific distance or less in an exposure process forming the two or more concave portions362and the two or more convex portions364in the overcoat layer360so as to be arranged in a linear shape or pattern, using a mask.

A material of the overcoat layer360is not limited, but may be a positive photoresist or a negative photoresist. When the material of the overcoat layer360is the positive photoresist, the pitch p between the two or more concave portions362or the two or more convex portions364may be less than or equal to a specific distance, but is not limited thereto. In addition, when the material of the overcoat layer360is the negative photoresist, the pitch p between the two or more concave portions362or the two or more convex portions364may be greater than or equal to a specific distance, but is not limited thereto. When the material of the overcoat layer360is the positive photoresist, the pitch p between the two or more concave portions362or the two or more convex portions364may be further reduced in an exposure process foaming the two or more concave portions362and the two or more convex portions364in the overcoat layer360so as to be arranged in a linear shape or pattern, using a mask.

In the embodiment described above, the two or more concave portions362and the two or more convex portions364have been arranged in the linear shape or pattern, but the present disclosure is not limited thereto. For example, light extraction efficiency in a display area can be further improved by minimizing a pitch between concave portions or convex portions, due to the concave portions and the convex portions arranged in a shape or pattern different from a honeycomb structure in which the convex portion surrounds the convex portions or the concave portion surrounds the convex portion.

Hereinafter, a display device including an overcoat layer will be described in more detail with reference to another exemplary embodiment. The overcoat layer includes two or more concave portions and two or more convex portions having a different plan-view shape or pattern selected from among a multi-shape, a plurality of multi-shapes having different centers, a spiral shape, and combinations thereof.

FIGS. 15A to 15Dare plan views illustrating an organic light-emitting display device400according to another exemplary embodiment, andFIGS. 16A and 16Billustrate other examples of shapes of concave portions462and convex portions464of an overcoat layer460inFIGS. 15A to 15D. Further,FIGS. 17A and 17Billustrate other examples of shapes of the concave portions462and the convex portions464of the overcoat layer460inFIGS. 15A to 15D.

Referring toFIG. 10andFIGS. 15A to 17B, the organic light-emitting display device400according to another exemplary embodiment includes a substrate310divided into a display area and a non-display area and the overcoat layer460disposed on the substrate310. The overcoat layer460includes two or more concave portions462and two or more convex portions464having a plan-view pattern selected from among a multi-shape pattern, a plurality of multi-shape patterns having different centers, a spiral shape pattern, and combinations thereof. The organic light-emitting display device400further includes a first electrode332disposed on the overcoat layer460, and an organic light-emitting layer334disposed on the first electrode332, and a second electrode336disposed on the organic light-emitting layer334.

Referring toFIGS. 15A to 15D, the two or more concave portions462and the two or more convex portions464may have a multi-shape pattern in a plan view. The multi-shape pattern may have a portion of which is cut, for example, an outer portion of which is partially cut.

Referring toFIG. 15A, the two or more concave portions462and the two or more convex portions464may have a circular multi-shape pattern in a plan view, for example, a circular multi-shape pattern466, an outer portion of which is partially cut. Referring toFIG. 15B, the two or more concave portions462and the two or more convex portions464may have an oval multi-shape pattern in a plan view, i.e., an oval multi-shape pattern466, an outer portion of which is partially cut.

Referring toFIG. 15C, the two or more concave portions462and the two or more convex portions464may have a rhombus multi-shape in a plan view, for example, a polygonal multi-shape, i.e., a tetragonal multi-shape, but are not limited thereto. As illustrated inFIG. 15C, the two or more concave portions462and the two or more convex portions464may have a rhombus multi-shape466, in which a portion of a polygonal multi-shape is cut. Referring toFIG. 15D, the two or more concave portions462and the two or more convex portions464may have a concave diamond multi-shape468, an outer portion of which is partially out.

Referring toFIGS. 16A and 16B, the two or more concave portions462and the two or more convex portions464may have a plurality of multi-shapes having different centers in a plan view. The plurality of multi-shapes having the different centers may be a plurality of multi-shapes, some of which are cut, for example, a plurality of multi-shapes in which some of outer multi-shapes are partially cut.

Referring toFIG. 16A, the two or more concave portions462and the two or more convex portions464may have a plurality of tetragonal multi-shapes having different centers in a plan view. Some of outer tetragonal multi-shape of the plurality of tetragonal multi-shapes having the different centers are illustrated inFIG. 16Aas not being cut, but some of the outer tetragonal multi-shapes may be a cut tetragonal multi-shape.

Referring toFIG. 16B, the two or more concave portions462and the two or more convex portions464may have a plurality of rhombus multi-shapes having different centers in a plan view, i.e., a plurality of rhombus multi-shapes466in which some of outer rhombus multi-shapes are cut.

FIGS. 17A and 17Billustrate a plurality of tetragonal multi-shapes having different centers in a plan view and a plurality of rhombus multi-shapes having different centers in a plan view, but the present disclosure is not limited thereto. For example, the two or more concave portions462and the two or more convex portions464may have a plurality of polygonal multi-shapes having different centers, a plurality of circular multi-shapes having different centers, and a plurality of oval multi-shapes having different centers.

Referring toFIGS. 17A and 17B, the two or more concave portions462and the two or more convex portions464may have a spiral shape in a plan view. The spiral shape may be a spiral shape, a portion of which is cut, for example, a spiral shape, an outer portion of which is partially cut.

Referring toFIG. 17A, the two or more concave portions462and the two or more convex portions464may have a circular spiral shape in a plan view, i.e., a spiral shape466, an outer portion of which is partially cut. Referring toFIG. 17B, the two or more concave portions462and the two or more convex portions464may have a tetragonal spiral shape in a plan view. The two or more concave portions462and the two or more convex portions464may have a spiral shape466, an outer portion of which is partially cut. A portion of an outer tetragonal spiral shape is illustrated inFIG. 17Bas not being cut, the portion of the outer tetragonal spiral shape may be a cut tetragonal multi-shape.

FIGS. 17A and 17Billustrate that the two or more concave portions462and the two or more convex portions464have a circular spiral shape and a tetragonal spiral shape, but the present disclosure is not limited thereto. For example, the two or more concave portions462and the two or more convex portions464may have a spiral shape or a polygonal spiral shape.

Referring toFIGS. 15A to 17B, since the two or more concave portions462or the two or more convex portions464have a curved surface formed by extending the concave portion462and the convex portion464, in the same manner as forming the concave portions362and the convex portions364described above in a linear shape, the pitch p between the two or more concave portions462or the two or more convex portions464may be reduced to a specific distance or less in an exposure process using a mask.

Referring toFIGS. 15A to 17B, since the pitch p between the two or more concave portions462is the same as the pitch p between the two or more convex portions464and an organic electroluminescent device has a dense shape emitting light in various directions rather than a single direction, it is possible to improve light extraction efficiency, light extraction efficiency, and a view angle.

As described above, because the organic light-emitting display devices300and400according to exemplary embodiments do not have a honeycomb structure in which a concave portion surrounds a convex portion or the convex portion surrounds the concave portion, an entire area of a display area actually emitting light is increased by minimizing the pitch between the concave portions362or the convex portions364, thereby further improving light extraction efficiency.

In addition, because the organic light-emitting display device300according to exemplary embodiments has further improved light extraction efficiency, it is possible to improve element luminance, efficiency, and a lifespan, and reduce power consumption. In addition, the spiral shape pattern includes a circular spiral shape pattern, a polygonal spiral shape pattern and an oval spiral shape pattern, and combinations thereof, Further, the embodiment include the two or more concave portions and the two or more convex portions forming a plan-view pattern including one of a polygonal pattern having same centers, a polygonal pattern having different centers, a circular pattern having same centers, a circular pattern having different centers, a spiral pattern, and combinations thereof.

Further, the polygonal pattern includes a honeycomb pattern, a hexagonal pattern and combinations thereof A corresponding convex portion of the polygonal pattern also surrounds a corresponding concave portion of the polygonal pattern. As discussed above, the two or more concave portions and the two or more convex portions further form a plan-view pattern including an oval pattern having same centers, an oval pattern having different centers, and combinations thereof The spiral shape pattern includes a circular spiral pattern, a polygonal spiral pattern and an oval spiral pattern.

The features, structures, and effects described in the present disclosure are included in at least one embodiment but are not necessarily limited to a particular embodiment. A person skilled in the art can apply the features, structures, and effects illustrated in the particular embodiment to another embodiment by combining or modifying such features, structures, and effects. It should be understood that all such combinations and modifications are included within the scope of the present disclosure.

Although the exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure have been described for illustrative purposes, a person skilled in the art will appreciate that various modifications and applications are possible without departing from the essential characteristics of the present disclosure. For example, the specific components of the exemplary embodiments may be variously modified.