Optical fiber routing device and method of assembly therefor

An optical fiber connection unit has a circuit board with a hole formed therein, oval shaped inner and outer channels separated by an oval shaped separating wall, extension supports and a standoff. The oval shaped inner channel has a radius at least as large as a minimum bend radius of a polymeric optical fiber. The oval shaped outer channel follows the inner channel, but has a larger radius than the inner channel. The oval shaped separating wall has a plurality of openings formed therein where passage between the inner and outer channels is possible. The extension supports extend between the opposing sides of the inner channel. The extension supports meet at an intersection thereof, and a connection hole is formed at the intersection where the extension supports meet. The standoff is removably secured to both the hole in the circuit board and the connection hole formed at the intersection of the extension supports. The standoff has a height that separates the circuit board from the inner and outer channels, the separating wall and the extension supports. To connect an optical fiber, the fiber is routed around the outer channel, crossed from the outer channel to the inner channel at an opening in the separating wall and routed around the inner channel.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
 1. Field of the Invention
 The present invention relates in general to an optical fiber routing device
 and more particularly to a device for routing optical fibers for
 interconnection with a printed circuit board.
 2. Description of the Related Art
 The use of optical fibers to transmit high speed data signals is becoming
 more and more common. Glass fibers are used to route transmit signals long
 distances, perhaps between countries. Polymeric fibers are used for much
 shorter distances, where signal attenuation is not a problem. For example,
 in a telephone switching office, the various switching components are
 split onto different printed circuit boards. Polymeric optical fibers may
 be used to route the signals between the different circuit boards.
 FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a conventional printed circuit board 8 and
 the apparatus for interconnecting an optical fiber therewith. Printed
 circuit board 8 is generally placed in a shelf or rack alongside other
 such circuit boards. Electrical contacts 12 connect with corresponding
 contacts at the back of the shelf. Circuit board 8 is secured into place
 with a pair of locking devices 14.
 In FIG. 1, optical fibers are first received by reception ports 2. Then,
 optical fiber pieces 4 are used for transferring signals between reception
 ports 2 and electro-optical converters 6. The optical fiber pieces 4
 generally come in three and six foot lengths with connectors 5 provided at
 the ends thereof. However, printed circuit board 8 may have a width of
 only several inches. To accommodate for the extra length in the optical
 fiber pieces 4, they are channelled around the circuit board 8 as shown in
 FIG. 1. Clips 10 are used to secure the optical fiber pieces 4 to the
 printed circuit board 8.
 With increasing desire for greater integration, the space on circuit board
 8 has become expensive. To secure the clips 10 to circuit board 8, holes,
 perhaps four or more holes, must be drilled through the circuit board 8.
 With four holes each having a three eights inch diameter, this consumes
 about 0.44 square inches of space. The components on the circuit board are
 connected together with traces above and within the board. The length of a
 trace may be limited by signal degradation or loss of speed problems
 associated with longer lengths. Wherever a hole appears in the circuit
 board for a clip 10, a trace cannot be placed. If the trace has a limited
 length, placement of the components connected by the trace can be
 complicated. Furthermore, with the configuration shown in FIG. 1, the
 optical fiber pieces 4 run immediately adjacent to the printed circuit
 board 8. Only small components can fit under optical fiber 4. Large
 components would disturb the routing. That is, the optical fiber 4 has a
 minimum bend radius, and if bent beyond the minimum bend radius, signal
 degradation will result. Nine linear inches (the circumference of the
 circle of fiber) of fiber may be required to loop the fiber around to take
 up slack without bending beyond the minimum bend radius. Over this
 distance, the height of components is limited.
 Designing where to place clips 10 also poses a problem. If it is necessary
 to move one clip 10 because of a trace intersection, for example, all
 other clips 10 must be also moved. To simultaneously find four acceptable
 places for all clips 10 represents a problem.
 Once the printed circuit board 8 is designed with the layout of the
 components and the holes for clips 10, assembly can be difficult. To
 assemble the device, the fiber optic pieces 4 are generally routed, by
 hand, through the clips 10. As mentioned above, the optical fiber pieces
 cannot be bent beyond the minimum bend radius. Whether this requirement is
 satisfied depends on the individual operator doing the assembly.
 As an alternative to the configuration shown in FIG. 1, it has been
 proposed to mount clips 10 to a unit which in turn is mounted to the
 printed circuit board 8. The purpose of this device is to minimize the
 number of holes that must be formed through printed circuit board 8.
 However, this device also increases the height above the printed circuit
 board 8 at which the optical fiber pieces 4 are routed. In FIG. 1,
 reference numerals 11 represents standoffs. A smaller circuit board is
 mounted to the standoffs 11. If a separate device is used for mounting
 clips 10, the height of the routing extends beyond the bottom of standoffs
 11 and interferes with connection of the smaller circuit board.
 SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
 Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to minimize the area
 on the printed circuit board consumed by holes for routing optical fibers.
 It is a further object of the present invention to avoid component height
 restrictions where optical fibers are to be routed.
 It is another object of the present invention to ease the layout design of
 a printed circuit board.
 It is yet another object of the present invention to ensure that optical
 fibers are routed without bending beyond the minimum bend radius thereof.
 It is still a further object of the present invention to provide a device
 that allows optical fibers to be routed and does not interfere with
 mounting a smaller circuit board above a main circuit board.
 These and other objects are accomplished by providing an optical fiber
 routing unit which mounts to a circuit board with a hole formed therein.
 This routing unit has an oval shaped inner and outer channels separated by
 an oval shaped separating wall, extension supports and a standoff. The
 oval shaped inner channel has a radius at least as large as a minimum bend
 radius of a polymeric optical fiber. The oval shaped outer channel follows
 the inner channel, but has a larger radius than the inner channel. The
 oval shaped separating wall has a plurality of openings formed therein
 where passage between the inner and outer channels is possible. The
 extension supports extend between the opposing sides of the inner channel.
 The extension supports meet at an intersection thereof, and a connection
 hole is formed at the intersection where the extension supports meet. The
 standoff is removably secured to both the hole in the circuit board and
 the connection hole formed at the intersection of the extension supports.
 The standoff has a height that separates the circuit board from the inner
 and outer channels, the separating wall and the extension supports. To
 connect an optical fiber, the fiber is routed around the outer channel,
 crossed from the outer channel to the inner channel at an opening in the
 separating wall and routed around the inner channel.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
 FIG. 2 is a top perspective view of an optical fiber routing ring according
 to the present invention, and FIG. 3 is a bottom perspective view of the
 optical fiber routing ring shown in FIG. 2. The optical fiber ring 16 has
 an outer channel 18 and an inner channel 20. A center hole 22 is provided
 to secure the optical fiber ring 16 to a printed circuit board. The outer
 channel 18 is formed from a continuous outer wall 24 and a separating wall
 26. FIG. 4 is an enlarged side view of the outer channel shown in FIG. 2.
 As can be seen in FIG. 4, the continuous outer wall 24 is high enough to
 retain optical fiber 4 but low enough to allow optical fiber 4 to easily
 enter/exit from the outer channel 18.
 As can be seen in FIG. 2, the separating wall has openings in the middle
 and at the ends of the optical fiber ring 16. Where the separating wall 26
 is discontinuous, the fiber can pass from the outer channel 18 to the
 inner channel 20.
 The center support is comprised of extension supports (posts 28) extending
 between opposite sides of the optical fiber ring 16. Hole 22 is formed
 where the extension supports intersect. As can best be seen in FIG. 3, a
 flanged lip 30 is provided between adjacent posts. The inner channel is
 defined on the outside by the separating wall 26 (see FIG. 4), on the
 bottom by flat portions 32 of posts 28 on the inside by elevated walls 34
 of posts 28 and by lips 31 of flange lips 30 and on the top by flat
 portions of flanged lips 30.
 FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a printed circuit board 8 with the optical
 fiber routing ring 16 shown in FIG. 2 mounted thereon. In FIG. 5, like
 reference numerals are used to represent like elements, and a duplicate
 description thereof will be eliminated. Although FIG. 5 shows only one
 reception port 2 connected to an electro-optical converter 6 via optical
 fiber 4, in normal use, both would be connected.
 To achieve the product shown in FIG. 5, the componentry of circuit board 8
 must be designed and assembled. However, this represents a much simpler
 task than that for the device shown in FIG. 1. In designing the layout,
 the designer of the device shown in FIG. 5 must choose a place to mount
 the optical fiber routing ring 16. However, as will be described later, to
 mount the optical fiber ring 16 requires placement of only one hole in
 circuit board 8. The designer can pick any place for the hole (perhaps a
 3/8 inch diameter hole) where a trace or component does not exist. The
 only constraint is that the optical fiber ring 16 cannot extend beyond the
 ends of the board 8. There is no longer the need to simultaneously find
 four or more agreeable places on the board that will together successfully
 route the fiber.
 FIG. 6 is a side view of a standoff fastener 40 used to mount the optical
 fiber ring 16 to the circuit board 8. Standoff 40 has a widened middle
 portion 42 with expanding connecting legs 44 on opposing sides of the
 widened middle portion 42. Standoffs such as standoff 40 are available
 commercially from companies such as RICHCO. On pair of connecting legs 44
 is inserted through a hole in the circuit board 8. The other pair of
 connecting legs 44 is inserted through the center hole 22 of the optical
 fiber ring 16. Connecting legs 44 expand to lock the optical fiber ring 16
 in place. The widened middle portion has a height which lifts the optical
 fiber ring 16 away from the circuit board 8. Standoff fasteners 40 are
 available in different heights depending on the distance at which the
 optical fiber ring 16 should be positioned away from the circuit board 8.
 The only constraint on the height is that the optical fiber ring 16 cannot
 be positioned so far away from the circuit board 8 that the optical fiber
 ring 16 extends beyond a face plate (not shown) to interfere the
 positioning of an adjacent circuit board on the shelf or rack housing
 circuit board 8. Because the optical fiber ring 16 is positioned away from
 the circuit board 8, routing the optical fiber 4 may consume less space on
 circuit board 8. That is, with the configuration shown in FIG. 1, tall
 components can not be placed under the optical fiber 4, when routed. This
 is not a problem with the configuration shown in FIG. 5.
 After the optical fiber ring 16 is attached to the circuit board 8,
 connecting the optical fiber 4 is a much simpler task than with the prior
 art. First, one end of an optical fiber piece 4 is connected via a fiber
 connector 5. For the device shown in FIG. 5, assume the optical fiber
 piece 4 is first connected to the electro-optical converter 6 shown to the
 left in FIG. 5. Then, the fiber is drawn against the outer channel 18 (see
 FIGS. 2 and 3). When the fiber approaches the first opening between the
 inner and outer channels, the fiber is routed to the inner channel 20.
 Referring to FIG. 5, the first opening would be that shown closest to the
 left side of the drawing. The fiber is wound around the inner channel, and
 flanged lips 30 support the fiber as it is wound. The inner channel 20 of
 the optical fiber ring 16 has a radius at least as large as the minimum
 bend radius of the fiber. For example, the optical fiber may have a
 minimum bend radius of 11/4 inches. In this case, the inner channel should
 have a radius at least as large as 11/4 inches. Of course, the inner
 channel may have a larger radius, perhaps 11/2 inches. Accordingly, it is
 much more difficult for the person installing the optical fiber 4 to
 deviate from the minimum bend radius.
 The optical fiber 4 is wound around the inner channel 20 until the other
 end of the optical fiber 4 approaches. At this point, the optical fiber 4
 is withdrawn from the inner channel at an opening between the inner and
 outer channels. The end of the optical fiber 4 is drawn along the outer
 channel 18 until it reaches the reception port 2 at the opposite side. In
 our example, the reception port 2 shown to the left in FIG. 5 is
 connected.
 To secure the optical fiber 4 to the optical fiber ring 16, twist tie wire
 fasteners 38 can be used, for example. There are eight places for wire
 fasteners 38, one on each side of the flat portion 32 of post 28.
 As can be seen in FIGS. 2, 3 and 5, the optical fiber ring 16 is elongated,
 having an oblong shape. That is, at the sides of the optical fiber ring
 16, there are straight edges 36. Of course, the sides of optical fiber
 ring 16 are not limited to straight edges 36. The sides may have a gradual
 slope where straight edge 36 is shown.
 The purpose of the oblong or oval shape is to allow the optical fiber ring
 16 to take up slack in optical fiber 4. If the optical fiber ring 16 were
 perfectly round, the optical fiber 4 would, at all times, be directly
 adjacent to the separating wall 26. That is, to maintain the minimum bend
 radius, the fiber could only be routed according to the circular shape.
 For example, assume the appropriate place (as far as proximity with
 reception port 2 is concerned) for the optical fiber 4 to exit a perfectly
 round ring is an opening toward the top of FIG. 5. In this case, if there
 was not enough fiber remaining to make an additional complete rotation
 about the perfectly round optical fiber ring, the fiber would be pulled
 out prematurely and connected to reception port 2. However, this may
 produce a substantial amount of extra optical fiber and there may be
 significant problems with routing this extra optical fiber. If the optical
 fiber ring 16 were perfectly round, the chance for operator error would be
 increased.
 With the oblong shape of the present invention, however, the optical fiber
 ring can be shortened. Because the optical fiber ring 16 is not perfectly
 round, but is oblong, the operator is given much more freedom to route the
 fiber without deviating from the minimum bend radius. For example, assume
 that the optical fiber 4 had made four rotations about the inner channel
 20, and there is not enough optical fiber 4 remaining to make a fifth
 rotation. However, there may be too much optical fiber 4 to directly
 connect to the reception port 2. In this case, the operator could loosen
 wire fastener 38 shown at the left of FIG. 5 and route five complete
 rotations. Some or all of the rotations could be routed in a more
 circular, less oblong configuration. This would provide the extra length
 of fiber necessary to complete the fifth rotation. With the oblong shape,
 it is much easier for an operator to fit optical fiber 4 onto the circuit
 board 8 without leaving excess optical fiber and without deviating from
 the minimum bend radius.
 While the invention has been described in connection with the preferred
 embodiments, it will be understood that modifications within the
 principles outlined above will be evident to those skilled in the art.
 Thus, the invention is not limited to the preferred embodiments, but is
 intended to encompass such modifications.