Rotary turboengine and supercharger

A fluid driven turbine having a stator member and a turbine member rotatable on an axis and supporting turbine blades and with a fluid compression section is described. The fluid compression section is provided along the axis of rotation of and inside the turbine member by providing: (1) a tubular extension (13 or 102) of the stator member and (2) a rotor means (30 or 104) and at least one rotor blade means (50, 51, 52) moveable perpendicular to the axis on the turbine member which fits inside the tubular member to provide at least two adjacent first and second chambers which are defined by an inside wall of the tubular extension and the rotor means and blade means. The tubular member has a line of minimum eccentricity (12) parallel to the axis with inlet and outlet openings (15, 16) on either side of the line of minimum eccentricity to and from the chambers so that fluid is drawn into the chamber and compressed and then exits from the chambers. The turbine-compressor is useful for instance as a turbocharger, as a drive means for other apparatus and as a refrigeration compressor.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
1. Field of the Invention 
The present invention relates to a fluid driven turbine having a compressor 
section on the axis of and inside the turbine member formed by extensions 
of the stator member and the turbine member. In particular the present 
invention relates to a turbocharger or a turboengine as preferred 
embodiments. 
2. Prior Art 
Various combinations of turbines and compressors mounted on a single shaft 
are known. The conventional automotive turbocharger is an example where 
the turbine is provided on one end of a shaft and the compressor driven by 
the turbine is provided on the other end of the shaft. In these devices 
the fluid flow is at right angles through the compressor or turbocharger 
sections resulting in some loss of energy. There are numerous other 
examples of compressors which are added onto the end of an output shaft 
from the turbine. The space inside the turbine is not utilized for any 
compressor usually because it is needed to provide support for the turbine 
around the axis of rotation. 
OBJECTS 
It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a turbine and 
compressor combination which utilizes the space inside the rotor member. 
It is further an object of the present invention to provide a turbine and 
compressor combination which allows a direct line of flow of the turbine 
driving fluid. Further it is an object of the present invention to provide 
a compressor turbine combination which is relatively inexpensive to 
manufacture and assemble. These and other objects will become increasingly 
apparent by reference to the following description and the drawings.

The present invention relates to an improvement in a turbine having a 
stator member and a turbine member rotatable on an axis inside the stator 
member with turbine blades mounted around the outside of the turbine 
member, wherein the turbine has a fluid inlet through the stator member to 
the blades and a fluid outlet from the blades which comprises: 
providing a fluid compressor section inside the turbine as part of the 
stator member and the turbine member including: 
(a) a rotor means (30, 104) on the axis as part of the turbine member with 
at least one rotor blade means (50, 51) which moves in the rotor means in 
a slot perpendicular to the axis; and 
(b) a tubular extension (13, 102) of the stator means having an inside 
surface (13a, 102a) around the rotor means forming a first chamber having 
a line of minimum eccentricity across the surface parallel to the axis and 
an outside surface such that the rotor blade means engages the surface to 
define adjacent first and second chambers, wherein inlet and outlet 
openings (15, 16) leading outside of the turbine are provided through the 
inside and outside surfaces of the extension on either side of the line of 
minimum eccentricity to provide fluid to and from as the rotor means are 
rotated from the first and second chambers; 
wherein in operation of the turbine the rotor means and rotor blade means 
are rotated together in the extension to compress and drive the fluid 
between the opening on the inside of the extension to the first and second 
chamber and from the chambers to the opening on the other side of the 
extension as a compressed fluid. 
SPECIFIC DESCRIPTION 
FIG. 1 shows the assembly of the stator member and turbine member in 
forming the turbine and compressor sections of the apparatus of the 
present invention. In particular, a cylindrically cross-sectioned shaft 10 
having a longitudinal axis along the length between two opposing ends 10a 
and 10b is provided. A first plate 11 is mounted on and around the shaft 
10 at one end 10b perpendicular to the axis. The plate 11 is provided with 
an integral first cylindrical tubular extension 13 around the shaft 10 
having a cylindrical inside surface 13a which is eccentric to the axis and 
a cylindrical outside surface 13b which is concentric with the axis. The 
inside surface 13a has a radial line 12 of minimum eccentricity parallel 
to the axis. There is also a corresponding line 12a of maximum 
eccentricity parallel to the axis opposite the line of minimum 
eccentricity 12. The plate 11 is provided with multiple equidistant 
tubular openings 14 positioned radially of and concentric with the axis of 
the shaft 10 and around the outside of the extension 13. As shown in FIG. 
3, the extension 13 is provided with two chambers 15 and 16 on either side 
of the line of minimum eccentricity which communicate with a space 17 
defined between the shaft 10 and extension 13. Inlet and outlet openings 
are provided to and from chambers 15 and 16 and space 17. 
The tubular openings 14 are preferably at an angle to the axis of the shaft 
10 such to direct fluid flow at an angle. A retaining ring 22 and throttle 
plate 23 is provided around the openings 14. The throttle plate 23 is a 
ring with six holes which can slide over openings 14 to reduce the input 
of fluid to blades 33, 35 and 41. 
The turbine member includes a rotor 30 having a cylindrical inside surface 
30a rotatably mounted on the shaft 10 and having a cylindrical outside 
surface 30b concentric with the axis and in closely spaced relation to the 
line 12 of minimum eccentricity of the inside surface of the first tubular 
extension 13. The rotor 30 supports an integral second plate 34 which is 
perpendicular to the axis. The cylindrical extension 32 has a cylindrical 
surface which overlaps a portion of the outside surface 13b of the 
extension 13. The extension 32 is provided with a set of radially oriented 
turbine blades 33 mounted on and around the extension 32 in line with the 
tubular openings 14. The plate 34 is mounted on the extension 32 and 
provided with an integral second set of radially oriented turbine blades 
35 which are adjacent to and in spaced relation to the set of blades 33. 
A housing 40 is mounted around the openings 14 in the plate 11 and the 
first turbine blades 33 and second turbine blades 35. The turbine blades 
33 and 35 are in closely spaced relationship with the housing 40. The 
housing 40 is provided with multiple radially oriented integral angled 
flow directing vanes 41 between the sets of turbine blades 33 and 35. 
Two rotor blades 50 and 51 are mounted in slots 52 of rotor 30 so as to 
provide two sealed chambers in the space 17 inside of the extension 13 and 
rotor 30. A threaded bolt 53 is provided as a means for retaining rotor 
plate 34 and shaft 10 so that the rotor 30 and its extension 32 is 
rotatably mounted on the shaft 10. A washer 54 is provided upon which the 
assembly 30, 32, 34 can rotate and bears on projection 31 from extension 
32. Bearings 55 and 56 are provided between the extension 32 and the shaft 
10 to provide ease of rotation of the turbine assembly. Generally conduit 
means (not shown) away from the housing 40 are provided for inlet and 
outlet of fluid through openings 15 and 16. Generally the plate 34 has a 
shaft 57 which extends from it to provide a drive means. 
FIGS. 12 and 13 show a simplified version of the turboengine of FIGS. 1 to 
11 which is particularly useful as a turbocharger for automotive uses. It 
is essentially similar to the turboengines shown in FIGS. 1 to 11. A 
circular cross-sectioned cylindrical shaft 100 defining a longitudinal 
axis along the length between two opposing ends 101a and 101b is provided. 
A plate 101 is affixed on and around the shaft 100 at one end 
perpendicular to the axis. An integral tubular extension 102 is provided 
around the shaft 100 and has a cylindrical inside surface 102a which is 
eccentric to the axis and a cylindrical outside surface 102b which is 
concentric with the axis. The inside surface 102a has a radial line 111 of 
minimum eccentricity parallel to the axis and a corresponding opposing 
line 111a of maximum eccentricity parallel to the axis. Multiple tubular 
openings 103 are positioned equi-radially of the axis of the shaft. Inlet 
and outlet openings to space 112 are provided on either side of the line 
111 of minimum eccentricity. 
In the turbine assembly, a rotor 104 having a cylindrical inside surface 
104a is rotatably mounted on the shaft 100. The rotor 104 has a 
cylindrical outside surface 104b concentric with the axis in a closely 
spaced relation to the line 111 of minimum eccentricity of the inside 
surface 102a of the tubular extension 102. The rotor 104 supports an 
integral plate 105 which is perpendicular to the axis and parallel to the 
plate 101. The plate 105 is provided with a cylindrical extension 106 
which overlaps the extension 102 such that the outside surface of the 
extension 106 is concentric to the axis of the shaft 100. The extension 
106 is provided with a set of radially oriented turbine blades 107 
adjacent to and in line with the tubular openings 103. A housing 108 is 
mounted on the first extension 102 around the openings 103 in the plate 
101 such that the turbine blades 107 are in closely spaced relationship 
with the housing 108. 
At least one rotor blade 50, 51 is mounted in slots 52 of the rotor 104 so 
as to provide at least one sealed chamber 112 with the inside of the 
extension 102, the plates 101 and 105 and the outside surface of rotor 
104. 
In the operation of the turboengine of FIGS. 1 to 11 the turbine driving 
fluid is provided through the tubular openings 14 across the first blades 
33 against the flow vanes 41 to the second blades 35 and out of the 
housing 40 to thereby rotate the extension 32, the plate 34 and the rotor 
30 together. The rotor 30 and rotor blades 50 and 51 compress and drive 
the fluid between the inlet and outlet openings 15 and 16 through chamber 
17 in the extension 13. As can be seen the turboengine provides a very 
compact construction for the turbine and compressor functions. 
The operation of the turbocharger of FIGS. 12 and 13, provides the same 
type of compression of the fluid. The rotor 104 and the blades 50 and 51 
rotate inside the extension 102 between the plates 101 and 105 to compress 
the fluid. The fluid flow for the turbine section is through the opening 
103 against blades 107 to drive the rotor 104 and plate 105 assembly. The 
inlet openings 103 are preferably angled with respect to the turbine 
blades 107. The fluid is compressed and driven in the compressor section 
by the movement of the turbine assembly. 
It will be appreciated that there are various types of turbines that could 
be used in the present invention and that the compressor section is the 
essential feature of the present invention in its positioning internally 
of the turbine. Numerous variations will occur to those skilled in the 
art.