Washing machine

A washing machine comprises a tub, in which a pulsator is rotatably arranged. The pulsator is driven by a motor positively or reversely. When a start switch is pressed, first an initial cycle is started for a relatively short period of time to dissolve detergents. When this initial cycle is completed, a main cycle is started, during which the pulsator repeats positive and reverse rotations with intervals. The main cycle is arranged to continue for a set period of time, into which auxiliary cycles shorter than the main cycle are intermittently inserted. The positively and reversely rotating times of the adjoining repeating units included in the main cycle differ with each other. In the auxiliary cycle, its repeating unit involves a relatively longer rotating time or a shorter recess time of the pulsator as compared with the repeating unit constituting the main cycle. Accordingly, during the auxiliary cycle, a water current stronger than that in the main cycle is produced, thus restraining the "entangling clothes" during a washing process.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
1. Field of the Invention 
The present invention relates to a washing machine. More specifically, the 
present invention relates to a washing machine capable of adjusting a 
water current produced by a pulsator or an agitator of the washing machine 
most suitably. 
2. Description of the Prior Art 
In U.S. Pat. No. 4,494,390 assigned to the assignee of the present 
invention, an improved pulsator and a washing machine producing a water 
current thereby are proposed. In the prior art, since the shape of the 
pulsator is specially designed to generate the water current conforming 
thereto, wet clothes will hardly entangle with each other during a washing 
process, thereby damaging the clothes or still more saving such damage due 
to the low revolving speed of the pulsator. However, in the prior art 
washing machine, washing performance is not so good. More specifically, 
although the "entangling clothes" may be restrained because of the low 
rotation speed of the pulsator, the wet clothes are gradually stagnated 
inside a tub during a washing process, thus the washing performance will 
be deteriorated. 
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
It is, therefore, a principal object of the present invention to provide a 
novel washing machine producing an improved water current. 
It is another object of the present invention to provide a washing machine 
capable of restraining the entangling of clothes as well as improving the 
washing performance. 
The present invention, in brief, is a washing machine comprising a tub, a 
pulsator rotatably arranged within the tub, a driving means for driving 
the pulsator positively and reversely, a first means for controlling the 
driving means to form a first cycle consisting of a set of first repeating 
units including the positive and reverse rotations of the pulsator and a 
second means for controlling the driving means to form intermittently 
during the first cycle, a second cycle shorter than the first cycle and 
consisting of a set of second repeating units including the positive and 
reverse rotations of the pulsator. 
As the washing process is started, a main cycle or the first cycle is 
formed, during which the pulsator continuously repeats the first repeating 
unit including the positive rotation, the recess and the reverse rotation. 
During the first cycle, a relatively short auxiliary cycle or the second 
cycle is intermittently formed, which also includes the repetition of the 
second repeating unit consisting of the positive rotation, recess and the 
reverse rotation of the pulsator. By executing the second cycle, the 
clothes tending to stagnate inside the tub are loosen and thus the 
rotation thereof is accelerated. According to the present invention, 
therefore, the "entangling clothes" is restrained as well as the clothes 
are facilitated to rotate, so that the clothes are liable to move briskly 
and the washing performance may be improved. 
In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the second repeating 
unit forming the second cycle differs from the first repeating unit 
forming the first cycle. More specifically, the positive and reverse 
rotations in the second repeating unit are longer than that in the first 
repeating unit, or the recess time inserted therebetween is shorter than 
that in the first repeating unit, thus the water current produced during 
the second cycle is stronger than that generated during the first cycle. 
Therefore, the second cycle operates effectively to the restraining the 
"entangling clothes". 
In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the positive and 
reverse rotations of the respective adjoining first repeating units 
forming the first cycle differ with each other respectively, thereby 
enabling the vertical displacement of the clothes to be washed effectively 
within the tub. Thus, the uneven washing may be eliminated and the 
improved washing performance can be further obtained. 
In a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, a temperature 
detecting means for detecting the temperature of water filled in the tub 
is provided. Responsive to the temperature detected by the detecting 
means, the number of insertion times of the second cycle being inserted 
intermittently during the first cycle is changed. More specifically, the 
lower the water temperature, the more the insertion times of the second 
cycle increase. Thus, according to the present invention, a sufficient 
washing may be attained even at the low water temperature. 
In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, immediately after 
the start of washing process has been commanded, an initial or a third 
cycle is formed. The third cycle is mainly utilized for dissolving the 
detergents prior to the start of washing process. And preferably, the 
lower the water temperature, the longer duration of the third cycle is 
rendered. 
In the other embodiment of the present invention, the tub itself is 
arranged rotatably and used commonly for both washing and dehydration 
processes, and with the temperature detecting means, the air temperature 
is detected and the rotating time of the tub in the dehydration process is 
controlled based thereupon. According to this preferred embodiment, since 
the dehydration time is set longer when the air temperature is lower, 
irrespective of the temperature, a constant dehydrated state of clothes 
may be obtained.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS 
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional schematic view for explaining the construction 
of one embodiment in accordance with the present invention. A washing 
machine 10 comprises a casing 12 in which an outer tub 14 is 
predeterminedly disposed. On the bottom of the outer tub 14, there is 
formed a drain outlet 16 to which a drain hose 20 is connected through a 
drain valve 18. The tip of the drain hose 20 is extending outwardly from 
the casing 12. Inside the outer tub 14, an inner tub 22 is supported 
rotatably with a rotary shaft 24. On the side wall and bottom of the inner 
tub 22, a plurality of drain holes 26 are formed. Thus, the inner tub 22 
is in communication with the outer tub 14 thorugh the drain holes 26. On 
the bottom of the inner tub 22, a pulsator 30 is arranged and connected to 
a rotary shaft 28. 
Inside the casing 12 under the outer tub 14, there is provided a motor 32, 
an output shaft 34 of which is connected to an input shaft 38 of a bearing 
case 36 via an attained transmission means such as a belt. The bearing 
case 36 is incorporated with a clutch mechanism as disclosed, for example, 
in U.S. Pat. No. 3,267,703 and selectively transmits the rotation given to 
the shaft 38 via a suitable clutch and reduction gear, to the two rotary 
shafts 24 and 28 heretofore described. More specifically, the clutch 
mechanism, not shown, connects the rotary shaft 28 to the input shaft 38 
in order to rotate the pulsator 30 in the washing or rinsing process and 
connects the rotary shaft 24 to the input shaft 38 so as to rotate the 
inner tub 22 in the dehydration process. 
On the lower side wall of the outer tub 14, an air trap 40 is formed in 
communication with a gap between the outer and inner tubs 14 and 22. The 
air trap 40 is connected to a semiconductor pressure sensor 44 via a hose 
42. In the air trap 40, the air pressure therein is changed responsive to 
the water level in the gap between the outer and inner tubs 14 and 22, 
i.e. the water level in the inner tub 22. The change in pressure is 
transmitted through the hose 42 to the semiconductor pressure sensor 44, 
which can thus detect the variation of water level in the washing tub as 
the change in pressure. 
Moreover, on the bottom in the air trap 40, there is provided a temperature 
sensor 46 having a temperature sensitive element, for example, such as a 
negative characteristic thermistor, which detects the water temperature 
while being submerged and when the washing tub is not filled with water, 
it is utilized for detecting the air temperature inside the casing 12. 
Inside an upper portion of the casing 12, a water supply pipe 48 provided 
with a valve 50 is arranged and the tip of the water supply pipe 48 is 
positioned above the upper end opening of the washing tub or the inner tub 
22. 
Inside the upper portion of the casing 12, further a control system which 
is to be explained later in conjunction with FIG. 3, is incorporated. In 
the embodiment, the control system controls all operations of the washing 
machine 10. 
On the upper portion of the casing 12 of the washing machine 10 as is shown 
in FIG. 2, there is provided a control panel 52. A start switch 54 is 
disposed on the control panel 52. The start switch 54 is used for starting 
either of the "normal course" programmed in advance in a microcomputer 72 
shown in FIG. 3, or the "selectable course" capable of selecting each 
processing time manually. While the normal course is set, a light emitting 
diode 54a is lit and while the selectable course is set a light emitting 
diode 54b is lit. Another start switch 56 disposed on the control panel 52 
is utilized to set the "speedy course" where the whole process is 
completed within a shorter period of time, for example, in twenty-three 
minutes and to start such speedy course. As the speedy course is set, a 
light emitting diode 56a is lit. 
A stop switch 58 is used for temporarily stopping the process which has 
been started by the start switch 54 or 56. 
In the selectable course, for setting each process, respective switches 60, 
62, 64, 66 and 68 are used. More specifically, the switch 60 is used for 
setting the "washing" time and by operating the switch 60, the washing 
times of "three minutes", "six minutes" or "twelve minutes" may be set. As 
the washing time is set in such a manner, corresponding diodes 60c, 60b or 
60a is lit. The switch 62 is used for setting the number of times of 
rinsing and by operating the switch 62, one or two times of rinsing may be 
set. As the number of times of rinsing are set in such a manner, 
corresponding diodes 62b or 62a is lit. The switch 64 is used for setting 
the "dehydration" time and by operating the switch 64, the dehydration 
time of "one and half", "three" or "six" minutes may be set. As the 
dehydration time is set in such a manner, corresponding diodes 64c, 64b or 
64a is lit. 
The switch 66 is used for setting the magnitude of water current produced 
by the pulsator 30 (FIG. 1), and by operating the switch 66 the magnitude 
of water current of "strong", "normal" and "weak" may be set. As it will 
be explained later in detail in conjunction with FIGS. 6A through 6C, at 
the strong water current, the recess time inserted between the positive 
and reverse rotations of the pulsator is relatively shorter, for example, 
such as "0.2 seconds", while at the normal water current such recess time 
is set, for example, at "0.5 seconds", and at the weak water current the 
recess time is further set at "1.0 seconds". 
The switch 68 is used for setting the "rinsing with flowing water" where 
the rinsing is performed as the water is supplied from the water supply 
pipe 48 (FIG. 11). 
On the control panel 52, three light emitting diodes 70a, 70b and 70c for 
indicating the temperature are disposed. These diodes 70a through 70c are 
commonly used to indicate the water temperature inside the inner tub 22 or 
the air temperature inside the casing 12. The diodes 70a through 70c 
indicate the water or air temperature in ranks, that is, the diode 70a 
indicates the high temperature, the diodes 70b indicates the medium and 
the diode 70c indicates the low temperature. 
FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram showing one example of a control system of the 
embodiment. The control system includes a microcomputer 72, for example, 
such as an integrated circuit "LM6035A" by Tokyo Sanyo. The microcomputer 
72, although not shown includes a ROM for storing in advance a control 
program as is shown in the flow diagram to be described later and a RAM 
for storing a necessary data upon controlling. In the RAM, a timer 74 
controlling the positively rotating time, the recess time, the reversely 
rotating time and other time controls as well as a flag area 76 are 
incorporated. 
To an input port of the microcomputer 72, the switches 54 through 68 
incorporated in the control panel 52 shown in FIG. 2 are connected, thus 
through these switches 54 through 68, the controlling conditions may be 
inputted to the microcomputer 72. The pressure sensor 44 shown in FIG. 1 
is also connected to an input port of the microcomputer 72.. 
To the other input port of the microcomputer 72, the signal from the 
temperature sensor 46 (FIG. 1) is applied. More specifically, the 
temperature sensor 46 includes a temperature sensitive element 46a, for 
example, such as a negative characteristic thermistor. A resistance value 
of the temperature sensitive element 46a will change responsive to the 
water temperature in the tub 22 or the air temperature inside the casing 
12. The voltage determined by the resistance value of the temperature 
detecting element 46a and the reference voltage determined by a resistance 
net-work 78 are compared by respective comparators 80a through 80d, whose 
outputs are inputted to the microcomputer 72. In other words, from the 
temperature sensor 46, four-bit data are inputted to the input ports P1 
through P4 of the microcomputer 72 responsive to the water temperature or 
the air temperature. 
The microcomputer 72, on the basis of the 4-bit data fed from the input 
ports P1 through P4, determines the rank of water temperature or air 
temperature in accordance with the following Table 1; 
TABLE 1 
______________________________________ 
Rank Temperature Range P1 P2 P3 P4 
______________________________________ 
X below -5.degree. C. L L L L 
A above -5.degree. C. and below 12.degree. C. 
H L L L 
B above 12.degree. C. and below 24.degree. C. 
H H L L 
C above 24.degree. C. and below 40.degree. C. 
H H H L 
D above 40.degree. C. H H H H 
______________________________________ 
The water temperature or the air temperature determined in such a manner 
are respectively indicated in ranks by means of the light emitting diodes 
70a through 70b provided on the control panel 52 as previously described. 
For example, if the determined temperature ranks is "X" or "A", the light 
emitting diodes 70c indicating the "low temperature", if the rank is "B", 
the light emitting diodes 70b indicating the "medium temperature" and if 
the rank is "C" or "D", the light emitting diode 70a indicating the "high 
temperature" are lit respectively. 
To a suitable output port of the microcomputer 72, there is connected a 
buzzer 82, which informs an operator or an user of the completion of a 
series of processes and so on. The microcomputer 72 also controls the 
drainage valve 18 and the water supply valve 50. 
To the two output ports P10 and P11 of the microcomputer 72, there are 
connected respective bases of switching transistors 84a and 84b for 
driving the motor. The respective collectors of such switching transistors 
84a and 84b are commonly earthed and the respective emitters are connected 
to the respective gates of bidirectional thyristors 86a and 86b. The 
bidirectional thyristors 86a and 86b are connected to an armature coil of 
the motor 32 (FIG. 1) for rotating the pulsator 30 in the washing and 
rinsing process and in the dehydration process, for rotating the inner tub 
22 together with the pulsator 30. Thus the motor 32 is rotated positively 
or reversely or stopped by controlling the supply route and supply time of 
an AC power source 88 by means of the bidirectional thyristors 86a and 
86b. 
More specifically, as the low level is outputted from the output port 10 
and the high level from the output port P11 of the microcomputer 72, the 
switching transistor 84a is turned on and the switching transistor 84b is 
turned off off. Accordingly, the bidirectional thyristor 86a is turned on 
and the power from the AC power source 88 is applied to one armature coil 
32a of the motor 32, thus in this state, the motor 32 is rotated 
positively. 
When the motor 32 rotating positively in such a manner has to be stopped, 
the high level may be outputted at the output port P10 of the 
microcomputer 72. Then the switching transistor 84a is turned off as same 
as the switching transistor 84b, thus the bidirectional thyristor 86a is 
also turned off, so that the power from the AC power source 88 is applied 
neither to the armature coil 32a nor 32b of the motor 32. 
When reversing the motor 32 which is in the quiescent condition different 
from the positive rotation, the high level and the low level may be 
outputted respectively at the output ports P10 and P11 of the 
microcomputer 72. Then, the switching transistor 84a is turned off and the 
switching transistor 84b is turned on, thus the bidirectional thyristor 
86a is turned off and the bidirectional thyristor 86b is turned on. 
Accordingly, the power from the AC power source 88 is applied to the other 
armature coil 32b of the motor 32 to rotate it reversely. 
In such a manner, the microcomputer 72 will control the output (high level 
or low level) to its output ports P10 and P11 to rotate the motor 32 
positively or reversely or the stop it. 
FIG. 4 is a timing diagram for explaining the washing process in the 
embodiment. FIG. 4 shows one example, in which an user has operated the 
switch 60 (FIG. 2) on the control panel 52 to set the "washing" time of 
"twelve minutes". Before explaining the operation in detail, the washing 
process will be described briefly with reference to FIG. 4. 
As the washing process is started, first an initial cycle 90 is executed 
for a relatively shorter time, for example, for thirty to fifty seconds. 
The initial cycle 90 is devised mainly to dissolve detergents supplied to 
the inner tub 22 (FIG. 1). 
Then, succeeding to the completion of the initial cycle 90, a main cycle or 
a first cycle is stated. In the main cycle 92, for example, as is shown in 
FIG. 5A, the pulsator 30 repeats the positive and reverse rotations with 
recess times inserted therebetween. That is, one repeating unit is 
constituted by the positive rotation, the recess and the reverse rotation 
of the pulsator 30. The positively rotating time in every repeating units 
in the main cycle 92 is changed successively as T1, T2, T3,--and the 
reversely rotating time responsive thereto is also changed successively as 
T5, T4, T3,--. 
These are shown in FIGS. 6A through 6C, wherein FIG. 6A shows when "strong" 
is set by the switch 66 on the control panel 52, FIG. 6B shows when 
"normal" is set and FIG. 6C shows when "weak" is set. 
In the embodiment, the repeating units of the pulsator 30 are repeatedly 
executed to form the main cycle 92, in which, in case of the strong water 
current, one period of main cycle is executed, for example, in 19.2 
seconds consisting successively of the different positively rotating times 
and reversely rotating times with the constant recess times inserted 
therebetween in the following manner, 0.7 secs. positive 
rotation.fwdarw.0.2 secs. recess.fwdarw.1.3 secs. reverse 
rotation.fwdarw.0.2 secs. recess.fwdarw.0.8 secs. positive 
rotation.fwdarw.0.2 secs. recess.fwdarw.1.2 secs. reverse rotation 
.fwdarw. . . . .fwdarw. 0.8 secs. positive rotation.fwdarw.0.2 secs. 
recess.fwdarw.1.2 secs. reverse rotation.fwdarw.0.2 secs. 
recess.fwdarw.0.7 secs. positive rotation. 
In case of the normal water current shown in FIG. 6B, one period is 
executed in 23 seconds, during which the pulsator 30 repeats the positive 
and reverse rotation with the constant recess times inserted therebetween 
to form the main cycle 92 in the following manner, 0.7 secs. positive 
rotation.fwdarw.0.5 secs. recess.fwdarw.1.2 secs reverse 
rotation.fwdarw.0.5 secs. recess.fwdarw.0.8 secs. positive 
rotation.fwdarw.0.5 secs. recess.fwdarw.1.1 secs. reverse 
rotation.fwdarw.0.5 secs. recess.fwdarw.0.9 secs. positive 
rotation.fwdarw. . . . .fwdarw.0.8 secs. positive rotation.fwdarw.0.5 
secs. recess.fwdarw.1.1 secs. reverse rotation.fwdarw.0.5 secs. 
recess.fwdarw.0.7 secs. positive rotation. The positive and reversely 
rotating times of the respective adjoining repeating units are controlled 
to differ with each other likewise the strong water current as shown in 
FIG. 6A. 
In the weak water current shown in FIG. 6C, one period is executed, for 
example, in 24 seconds, during which the pulsator 30 is controlled to form 
the main cycle 92 in the following manner, 0.3 secs. positive 
rotation.fwdarw.1 sec. recess.fwdarw.0.7 secs. reverse rotation.fwdarw.1 
sec. recess.fwdarw.0.4 secs. positive rotation.fwdarw.1 sec. 
recess.fwdarw.0.6 secs. reverse rotation.fwdarw.1 sec. recess.fwdarw.0.5 
secs. positive rotation .fwdarw. . . . .fwdarw.0.4 secs. positive 
rotation.fwdarw.1 sec. recess.fwdarw.0.6 secs. reverse rotation.fwdarw.1 
sec. recess.fwdarw.0.3 secs. positive rotation. 
The strong water current is used, for example, when washing the thick 
clothes, the weak water current is used for the thin clothes and the 
normal water current is used when washing the ordinary clothes other than 
mentioned above. 
While the main cycle 92 is being performed as such, the clothes in the 
inner tub 22 (FIG. 1) tend to stagnate, so that an auxiliary cycle 94 or a 
second cycle of a relatively shorter time period may be intermittently 
inserted to produce the stronger water current than the main cycle, 
thereby suitably loosening the stagnant clothes. 
In the auxiliary cycle 94 inserted in such a manner, as is shown in FIG. 
5B, the positively and reversely rotating times of the pulsator 30 are 
same (T10=T11), and the positive and reverse rotations are repeated with 
the recess time T0 (=0.1 sec.) being inserted therebetween, which is 
shorter than that T0 of the main cycle. That is, in the auxiliary cycle 
94, a second repeating unit, for example, such as 1.0 sec. positive 
rotation.fwdarw.0.1 sec. recess.fwdarw.1.0 sec. reverse 
rotation.fwdarw.0.1 sec. recess is repeated. When the suitable number of 
times of auxiliary cycles 94 are inserted during the main cycle 92 and the 
remaining time is left, for example, as less than 20 seconds, an end cycle 
is started. 
The end cycle includes a set of very short repeating units consisting of 
the positively and reversely rotating times of about 0.2 to 0.4 seconds 
and the recess time of 0.2 seconds and executed for about 10 seconds. By 
executing the end cycle, the tub 22 is rocked in whole and the clothes 
contained therein are evenly distributed in the tub and the 
maldistribution of load may be reduced in the following dehydration 
process. 
Referring to FIGS. 7A through 7D, the operations of all the embodiment will 
be described. 
As the start switch 54 incorporated in the control panel 52 (FIG. 2) is 
operated, in the first step S1, data for the "normal course" is loaded 
from the ROM (not shown ) to the RAM or register of the microcomputer 72. 
That is, in the normal course, the washing time of "twelve minutes", the 
number of rinsing times of "two times" and the dehydration time of "six 
minutes" are set respectively. Thereafter, in the step S2, the light 
emitting diode 54a for indicating the execution of the normal course is 
lit. 
When another start switch 56 is pressed, in the first step S3, data for 
executing the "speedy course" is loaded. That is, in the speedy course, 
the washing time of "six minutes", the rinsing times of "one time" and the 
dehydration time of "three minutes" are set respectively. In the following 
step S4, for the speedy course, the microcomputer 72 sets the magnitude of 
water current during the washing process at the "strong current" (FIG. 
6A), and in the step S5, the light emitting diode 56a for indicating the 
execution of the speedy course is lit. 
After the preceding step S2 or S5, in the step S6, the microcomputer 72 
inputs temperature data from the temperature sensor 46 through its input 
ports P1 through P4. At this time, since the water is still not supplied 
in the tub 22, its temperature data is for the air temperature. In the 
following step S7, on the basis of the input from the pressure sensor 44, 
whether a predetermined amount of water has been filled in the inner tub 
22 is determined. If "YES" is detected in the step S7, in the step S8, the 
microcomputer 72 sets the air temperature rank, for example, of "medium 
temperature" on the basis of the air temperature data inputted in the 
preceding step S6. At the same time, in the step S9, the corresponding 
light emitting diodes are lit to indicate the time periods and times of 
the washing, rinsing and dehydration executed thereupon, as well as the 
magnitude of water current. 
In the next step S10, the microcomputer 72 determines whether either of the 
light emitting diodes 60a through 60c associated with the switch 60 is lit 
or not. If either of the light emitting diodes 60a through 60c is lit, in 
the following step S11 or S12, the microcomputer 72 determines which 
course has been set, the normal course or the speedy course. 
When the normal course is set, in the step S13, the microcomputer 72 sets 
"twelve minutes" in the timer 74 as the washing time. In the same manner, 
when the speedy course is set, in the step S14, the microcomputer 72 sets 
"six minutes" in the timer 74 as the washing time. 
When neither of the normal course nor the speedy course is set, it is 
deemed that the selectable course is set, so in the step S15, the 
microcomputer 72 sets either of the washing times, "three minutes", "six 
minutes" or "twelve minutes" set manually by the switch 60 in the timer 
74. After the washing time has been set as such, the microcomputer 72 
proceeds to the "washing" subroutine. 
Referring to FIG. 8A, in the first step S101 of the "washing" subroutine, 
the microcomputer 72 determines whether the water filled in the tub 22 has 
reached the predetermined amount responsive to the input from the pressure 
sensor 44. If the water is below that level, the microcomputer 72 opens 
the water supply valve 50 to continue the supplying of water (step S102). 
When the water is filled in the tub 22 to the predetermined level, in the 
step S103, the microcomputer 72 closes the supply valve 50 as well as in 
the step S104, measures the filled water temperature on the basis of the 
temperature data from the temperature sensor 46 given to its input ports 
P1 through P4. That is, when the water is filled in the tub 22, the 
temperature data inputted then is for the water, thus the microcomputer 72 
may be detect the water temperature. 
In the step S105, the microcomputer 72 determines the rank of the water 
temperature based upon the temperature data received in the step S104. 
That is, in the step S105, it is determined whether the rank of the water 
temperature is "X" shown in the preceding Table 1 and when the rank of the 
water temperature is below "X", in the following step S106 the 
microcomputer operates the buzzer 82 to notice an user too low water 
temperature. 
If the rank of the water temperature is above "X", in the following steps 
S107 and S108, the microcomputer 72 determines whether the water 
temperature is in either of the temperature ranges I, II or III. That is, 
in the previous Table I, if the rank is "X" or "A" the temperature range I 
indicating the low temperature, if the rank is "B" the temperature range 
II indicating the medium temperature, and if the rank is "C" or "D" the 
temperature range III indicating the high temperature is detected 
respectively. 
In the step S107, if the water temperature range I is detected, in the next 
stop S109 the microcomputer 72 determines whether the light emitting diode 
60a is lit or not, that is, "twelve minutes" is set as the washing time or 
not. When "twelve minutes" has been set, since the water temperature is 
low, in the following step S110, the microcomputer 72 forcibly sets 
"fourteen minutes" in the timer 74(FIG. 3) as the washing time. In the 
same manner, when "six minutes" has been set as the washing time, in the 
following steps S111 and S112, the microcomputer 72 sets "eight minutes" 
in the timer 74 as the washing time. If "three minutes" has been set as 
the washing time, in the step S113 the microcomputer 72 sets "three 
minutes" as is in the timer 74. In such a way, when the water temperature 
is low, the microcomputer 72 adjusts data of the washing time to be set in 
the timer 74 so as to extend the washing time set thereat. 
In the step S108, when the water temperature rank II is detected, in the 
steps S114 through S118, the microcomputer 72 sets the washing times of 
"twelve minutes", "six minutes" and "three minutes" set thereat in the 
timer 74 as is as the washing time data. 
In the step S108, when it is determined "NO", then the water temperature is 
high and the rank is III, thus in the following step S119, the 
microcomputer 72 determines whether "twelve minutes" is set as the washing 
time. When "twelve minutes" has been set, it is set in the timer 74 as is 
as the washing time. However, in the step S121, if the light emitting 
diode 60b is lit and it is determined that "six minutes" has been set as 
the washing time, in the next step S122, since the water temperature is 
high, the microcomputer 72 adjusts it to "five minutes" and set the data 
in the timer 74. When "three minutes" has been set as the washing time, in 
the step S123, the microcomputer 74 sets "three minutes" as is in the 
timer 74 as the washing time data. 
As such, in the embodiment, the microcomputer 72 suitable changes the 
washing time originally set, responsive to the water temperature data or 
the rank provided from the temperature sensor 46. More specifically, the 
microcomputer 72 extends the washing time when the water temperature is 
low and shortens the washing time when the water temperature is high in 
accordance with the following Table 2. The reason why the washing time is 
changed in accordance with the water temperature is that in higher water 
temperature, the clothes to be washed is easily rotated or shaken, 
therefore, the washing performance is high, while in lower water 
temperature, it is difficult to rotate or shake the clothes, and thus the 
washing performance is low. 
TABLE 2 
______________________________________ 
Water Temperature 
Originally set Washing Time (min) 
Rank 12 6 3 
______________________________________ 
I 14 8 3 
II 12 6 3 
III 12 5 3 
______________________________________ 
After completing the steps S110, S112 or S113, in the step S124, the 
microcomputer 72 sets "50 seconds" in the timer 74 as the initial cycle 
time described with reference to preceding FIG. 4. Similarly, after 
completing the steps S115, S117 or S118, in the step S125, the 
microcomputer 72 sets the initial cycle time of "40 seconds" in the timer 
74. After the steps S120, S122 or S123, in the steps S126, the 
microcomputer 72 sets "30 seconds" in the timer 74 as the initial cycle 
time. 
As previously explained, the initial cycle 90 (FIG. 4) is mainly used for 
dissolving the detergents, which tends to dissolve slowly in the low water 
temperature. Accordingly, in this embodiment, the microcomputer 72 changes 
the duration of initial cycle 90 (FIG. 4) responsive to the water 
temperature rank detected and sets the ample dissolving time of the 
detergents corresponding to the then water temperature in accordance with 
the following table 3. 
TABLE 3 
______________________________________ 
Water Temperature Rank 
Initial Cycle time (secs) 
______________________________________ 
I 50 
II 40 
III 30 
______________________________________ 
Thereafter, in the step S127, the microcomputer 72 sets an initial cycle 
flag in the flag area 76 (FIG. 3). 
Then, in the step S128, the microcomputer 72 determines whether the initial 
cycle flag has been set and when it is determined "YES" in the step S128, 
it controls the output to the output ports P10 and P11, thereby the motor 
32 is driven and the initial cycle water current is produced by the 
pulsator 30 (FIG. 1). 
The initial cycle water current as previously described, comprising a set 
of repeating units of the positively and reversely rotating times of one 
second each and the recess time of 0.2 seconds. Therefore, in the step 
S129, the microcomputer 72, first, outputs the low level at the output 
port P10 and the high level at the output port P11 to positively rotate 
the motor 32, thus the pulsator 30 rotates positively and the water 
current rotating clockwise is produced in the tub 22. After one second, 
the microcomputer 72 outputs the high level both at the output ports P10 
and P11 to stop the motor 32. When 0.2 seconds has elapsed as the recess 
time, the microcomputer 72 successively outputs the high level at the 
output port P10 and the low level at the output port P11, thus the motor 
32 or the pulsator 30 is rotated reversely and the water current rotating 
counter clockwise is produced in the tub 22. The repeating units forming 
such intial cycle are continuously repeated until the remaining time=0 of 
the initial cycle is detected in the step S130. 
In the step S130, when the lapse of initial cycle time of "50 seconds" is 
detected, in the step S131, the microcomputer 72 resets the initial cycle 
flag previously set in the flag area 76. 
When the initial cycle is completed, now the microcomputer 72 in the steps 
S132 and S133, determines whether an auxiliary cycle flag as well as an 
end cycle flag is set or not. In the beginning of the washing process, 
since neither of these flags are set, in the step S134 the microcomputer 
72 executes the main cycle. 
In the main cycle, the water current having the magnitude previously set by 
the user manually or by the microcomputer 72 automatically is produced. 
When the strong current has been set, the main cycle comprising a set of 
repeating units as illustrated in preceding FIG. 6A is executed. In case 
of the normal current, the main cycle shown in FIG. 6B, when the water 
current is weak the main cycle illustrated in FIG. 6C are executed 
respectively. Such a repetition of positive 
rotation.fwdarw.recess.fwdarw.reverse rotation.fwdarw.recess, may be 
attained by controlling data at the output ports P10 and P11 of the 
microcomputer 72 in the low or high level for the necessary time, as same 
as the initial cycle explained at the preceding step S129. 
Thereafter, in the step S135, the microcomputer 72 determines whether the 
washing time set in the timer 74 in the preceding steps S110, S112, S113, 
S115, S17, S118, S120, S122 or S123 has become zero or not. 
If the washing time is not zero, in the following step S136, the 
microcomputer 72 determines whether the remaining time is more than a 
determined value or not. When it is determined "YES" in the step S136, in 
the step S137, the microcomputer 72 sets the auxiliary cycle flag in the 
flag area 76. 
As the auxiliary cycle flag is set, in the step S132, "YES" is detected, 
thus in the following step S138 the microcomputer 72 executes the 
auxiliary cycle. The auxiliary cycle, as previously explained, comprising 
the repetition of repeating units of the positively and reversely rotating 
times of one second each and the recess time of 0.1 seconds. Also when 
executing the auxiliary cycle, the clockwise and counter clockwise 
rotations of the water current may be produced by the pulsator 30, if the 
microcomputer 72 controls 38 the switching states and the time periods of 
the low level and high level at its output ports P10 and P11. 
The auxiliary cycle is executed for about 9.9 seconds as previously 
explained and in the step S139, the microcomputer 72 determines by the 
timer 74 whether the predetermined time period or 9.9 seconds has elapsed 
or not. Then, when the auxiliary cycle is completed, in the following step 
S140, the microcomputer 72 resets the auxiliary cycle flag previously set 
in the flag area 76. 
Then, again in the steps S135 and S136, the microcomputer 72 determines 
whether the remaining washing time is more than 20 seconds or not and when 
the washing time is remained more than 20 seconds, the steps S134 and S138 
are executed respectively and the main cycle 92 as is shown in FIG. 4 is 
formed as well as the auxiliary cycle 94 is formed suitably 
intermittently. That is, the auxiliary cycles 94 are inserted into the 
main cycle automatically by the number of times responsive to the total 
washing time. More specifically, the longer the washing time, the more 
frequently the auxiliary cycles are inserted in accordance with the 
following Table 4. The reason why the insertion times are changed in 
accordance with the water temperature is that the higher water temperature 
the more shaking of the clothes to be washed, i.e. the higher washing 
performance, while the lower water temperature, the less shaking of the 
clothes, i.e. the less washing performance. 
TABLE 4 
______________________________________ 
Number of Insertion Times of 
Washing Time (Min.) 
Auxiliary Cycle 
______________________________________ 
14 5 
12 4 
8 3 
6 2 
3 1 
______________________________________ 
As previously explained, the washing time is suitable changed responsive to 
the water temperature rank thereat as such that, for example, even if "12 
minutes" has been set, when the water temperature is low it is extended to 
"14 minutes". Thus, the number of insertion times of the auxiliary cycles 
may be also determined by the water temperature rank thereof. For example, 
even if the washing time and the number of insertion times of the 
auxiliary cycles have been set respectively at "6 minutes" and "2 times", 
when the water temperature rank is I, the washing time is changed to "8 
minutes" and the number of insertion times of the auxiliary cycles is 
changed to "3 times", and when the water temperature rank is III, they are 
changed respectively to "5 minutes" and "one time". 
In the step S141, when the remaining time less than 20 seconds is detected, 
in the following step S142, the microcomputer 72 sets the end cycle flag 
in the flag area 76. When the end cycle flag is set as such, "YES" is 
determined in the step S133, thus the microcomputer 72 in the step S143, 
execute the end cycle lastly in the washing time. The end cycle is, as 
previously explained with reference to FIG. 4, formed to totally rock the 
tub 22 for distributing the clothes evenly therein. Also, in the step 
S143, the microcomputer 72 suitable controls the high level or low level 
at its output ports P10 and P11 and the time period thereof. 
After completing the step S143, again in the step S135, the microcomputer 
72 determines whether the washing time has reached zero or not. If the 
washing time is zero, the process returns from the "washing" subroutine 
shown in FIGS. 8A and 8B to the main routine shown in preceding FIGS. 7A 
through 7D. 
Returning to FIG. 7B, in the step S17, the microcomputer 72 determines 
whether "2 times" is set as the number of times of the rinsing process by 
watching the light emitting diodes 62a and 62b associated with the switch 
62. When 2 times of the rinsing process are set, or "YES" is determined in 
the step S17, in the following step S18, the microcomputer 72 on the basis 
of the input from the pressure sensor 44, determines whether more than a 
predetermined amount of water is filled in the tub 22 or not. When the 
predetermined amount of water is filled, in the following step S19, the 
microcomputer 72 sets a "one-minute drainage" flag in the flag area 76 and 
in the step S20, executes a drainage subroutine shown in FIG. 9. 
Referring to FIG. 9, in the first step S201, the microcomputer 72 opens the 
drain valve 18 and in the following step S202, determines whether more 
than a predetermined amount of water is filled in the tub 22 or not on the 
basis of the input from the pressure sensor 44. That is, by the steps S01 
and S202, the drain valve 18 is opened to bring the water level in the tub 
22 below the predetermined level. 
In the step S203, whether the "one-minute "drainage" flag is set or not is 
determined, if "one-minute drainage" has been set, the drain valve 18 is 
opened in the following step S204 and in the step S205, it is determined 
whether or one minute has elapsed or not. That is, in the steps S204 and 
S205, the drain valve 18 is opened for one-minute. After one minute has 
elapsed, as same as when "one-minute drainage" is not set, the drain valve 
18 is closed in the step S206 and returns again to the main routine. 
When "one minute drainage" is executed in the step S20 in the main routine 
is such a manner, in the following step S21, the microcomputer 72 
determines whether the light emitting diode 56a is lit or not, that is, 
the speedy course is set or not. When the speedy course has been set, in 
the step S22, "one minute" is set as the dehydration time, when the speedy 
course has not been set, in the step S23 "two minutes" is set as the 
dehydration time respectively, then enters the dehydration subroutine in 
the step S24. 
In the dehydration subroutine shown in FIG. 10, in the step S301, the 
microcomputer 72 first recognizes a cover switch which is not shown, and 
determines whether the cover is closed or not. If the cover is not closed, 
in the next step S302, the microcomputer 72 outputs the high level at both 
output ports P10 and P11 to turn off the motor 32 and to close the drain 
valve 18 in the step S303. That is, since it is hazardous if the cover is 
not closed, the dehydration process is not executed. 
In the step S301, when it is determined that the cover is closed, in the 
following step S304, the microcomputer 72 opens the drain valve 18 and in 
the step S305, outputs the low level at the output port P10 and the high 
level at the output port P11 respectively to rotate the motor 32 
positively, thus the inner tub 22 rotates together with the pulsator 30 
and the dehydration process is executed. Such dehydration process is 
continued for the time set in the preceding step S22 and S23, that is, for 
one or two minutes. When it is determined in the step S307, that the 
remaining time for dehydration is over, in the following step S307 the 
microcomputer 72 turns off the motor 32 and closes the drain valve 18 and 
returns to the main routine. 
When the dehydration process is completed, next the rinsing process will be 
executed, but in the following step S25, the microcomputer 72 again 
determines whether the speedy course has been set or not. If the speedy 
course is set, in the next step S26, the microcomputer 72 sets "one 
minute" as the rinsing time, but if the speedy course is not set, "two 
minutes" is set in the step S27 as the rinsing time, then in the following 
step S28, the rinsing subroutine shown in FIG. 11 is executed. 
In the first steps S401 and S402 of the subroutine, the microcomputer 72 
determines whether a predetermined amount of water is filled in the inner 
tub 22 by the pressure sensor 44, if not so opens the water supply valve 
50 to supply the water. When more than the predetermined level of water is 
filled, in the step S403, the microcomputer 72 determines whether the 
"rinsing with flowing water" is set or not by the switch 68. When the 
"rinsing with flowing water" has been set the microcomputer 72 leaves the 
water supply valve 50 open, when not, in the step S405, the microcomputer 
72 closes the water supply valve 50. Thereafter, in the step S406, the 
microcomputer 72 outputs the high level at the output port P10 and the low 
level at the output port P11 respectively. Thus the motor 32 and the 
pulsator 30 rotate reversely to form the counter clockwise water current 
inside the inner tub 22. If the rinsing time set by the steps S26 or S27 
is over, after the step S407 and in the step S408, the microcomputer 72 
turns off the motor 32 as well as closes the water supply valve 50 if it 
is open and returns to the main routine. 
Returning to FIG. 7C, when "two times" is set as the the number of rinsing 
times, after completing the step S28, the rinsing of "one time" is again 
executed in the following steps S29 through S37. 
When "one time" is set as the number of rinsing times, the 
draining.fwdarw.dehydration.fwdarw.rinsing is executed through the steps 
S29 through S37 in the same manner without passing through the steps S17 
through S27. Thus, the rinsing process is completed. 
Then, in the step S38 of FIG. 7D, the microcomputer 72 determines whether 
any of the light emitting diodes 62a through 62c for the dehydration 
process is lit or not to determine whether the dehydration process is to 
be executed. When the dehydration process is to be executed, in the 
following steps S39 or S40, the microcomputer 72 detects the then air 
temperature on the basis of data of the temperature sensor 46 fed through 
its input ports P1 through P4. That is, the temperature sensor 46 
detecting the water temperature in the preceding washing process is 
utilized as the sensor for detecting the air temperature in the 
dehydration process, whose time is controlled by the microcomputer 72 
responsive to the air temperature rank I, II or III. 
When the air temperature rank I is detected in the step S39, in the next 
step S41, the microcomputer 72 determines whether "six minutes" as the 
dehydration time is set or not. If "six minutes" has been set, since the 
air temperature is low, in the following step S42, the microcomputer 72 
sets "seven minutes" forcibly in the timer 74 as the dehydration time 
data. In the same manner, in the steps S43 and S44, the microcomputer 72 
sets "four minutes" as the dehydration time when the "three minutes" 
dehydration time has been set. When the dehydration time is set neither at 
"six minutes" nor at "three minutes", it is deemed that it has been set at 
"1.5 minutes", so in this case, in the step S45, the microcomputer 72 sets 
"two minutes" in the timer 74 as the dehydration time. In such a manner, 
the microcomputer 72 adjusts the dehydration time time data so as to 
extend the dehydration time being set thereat to set in the timer 74, when 
the air temperature is low. 
When the air temperature rank II is detected in the step S40, in the steps 
S46 through S50, the microcomputer 72 respectively sets the dehydration 
time of "six minutes", "three minutes" or "one and half minutes" in the 
timer 74 as is as the dehydration time data. 
If "NO" is determined in the step S40, the then air temperature rank is III 
or the air temperature is high, thus in the following step S51, the 
microcomputer 72 determines whether "six minutes" is set as the 
dehydration time or not. If "six minutes" has been set, since the air 
temperature is high, in the step S52 the microcomputer 72 sets "5.5 
minutes" in the timer 74 as the dehydration time, and if "three minutes" 
is determined as the dehydration time in the step S53, in the following 
step S54 the microcomputer 72 adjusts the dehydration time to "2.5 
minutes" to set in the timer 74. When "1.5 minutes" is set as the 
dehydration time, in the step S55 the microcomputer 72 sets "1.5 minutes" 
in the timer 74 as is as the dehydration time. 
In such a manner, the microcomputer 72 forcibly changes the originally set 
dehydration time responsive to the detected air temperature ranks I, II or 
III in accordance with the following Table 5 to set in the timer 74. 
Thereby the constant dehydration condition may be obtained. The reason why 
the dehydration time is changed is that the higher air temperature the 
higher rate of natural drying of clothes, that is, the higher rate of 
dehydration, while the lower air temperature the lower rate of 
dehydration. 
TABLE 5 
______________________________________ 
Air Temperature 
Originally set Dehydration Time (Min.) 
Rank 6 3 1.5 
______________________________________ 
I 7 4 2 
II 6 3 1.5 
III 5.5 2.5 1.5 
______________________________________ 
Thereafter, in the step S56, the microcomputer 72 executes the dehydration 
process described with reference to preceding FIG. 9 and in the step S57, 
operates the buzzer 82 to notice the completion of a series of washing 
processes. 
Although the present invention has been described and illustrated in 
detail, it is clearly understood that the same is by way of illustration 
and example only and is not to be taken by way of limitation, the spirit 
and scope of the present invention being limited only by the terms of the 
appended claims.