Automatic shut off nozzle for plastic extruder

An apparatus for purging an injection molding machine utilizing a three stage or three position nozzle assembly.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION 
The invention relates to injection molding machines and relates in 
particular to a multi-position nozzle assembly to facilitate purging. 
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
In many prior art injection molding machines the outlet of the machine is 
fitted with a check valve which remains closed during plasticizing of the 
melt and at the appropriate time is opened by pressing the molding machine 
against a mold sprue bushing. 
That is, the valve usually has only two positions i.e. open or closed. 
When it is desired to purge the machine to observe the quality of the melt, 
for example, it is necessary to introduce a cumbersome, intermediate 
device at the outlet of the machine opening the check valve partially to 
allow melt to flow into a purging catchment or similar container. 
The introduction of the purging unit is hazardous and difficult to perform 
quickly to avoid degradation of sensitive resins. 
The purging unit is frequently handled manually exposing the operating to 
hot melt and upon removal the hazard is increased by the heat induced into 
the purging unit. 
Representative prior art purging structures are disclosed and described in 
U.S. Pats. Nos. 3,374,502, 3,401,426 l and 4,386,903. 
While prior art purging units are operable it is highly desirable to 
simplify the purging operation to reduce operation risk, speed up the 
process, reduce scrap and to avoid degradation of sensitive resins. 
OBJECT OF THE INVENTION 
Consequently it is a principal object of the present invention to provide a 
multi-position nozzle assembly as a fixture to a molding machine which is 
operable to assume a purging position with automatic shut-off. 
A further object of the invention is the provision of multi-position nozzle 
assembly incorporated into an injection molding machine where the assembly 
is operable conveniently to assume at least three positions, namely: a 
closed position, a purging position and a molding position. 
Further features of the invention are the provision of a safe, economical 
automatic shut-off purging unit which frees an operator from the hazards 
and risks arising from dealing with hot melt and hot purging 
instrumentalities. 
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
A nozzle assembly embracing certain features of the present invention and 
operable to assume a plurality of positions including a purging position 
may comprise a housing having an internal compound transmission channel, a 
sleeve member received slidably in said housing, a torpedo having a 
through bore communicating with an inlet port slidably disposed in said 
sleeve member and spaced axially therefrom, said inlet port being operable 
to connect with said transmission channel, cap means carried by said 
torpedo for effecting operating contact with said sleeve member, and power 
means operating on said torpedo and on the sleeve member tending to urge 
the torpedo axially relative to the sleeve member to maintain contact 
between said sleeve member and said cap means whereby said sleeve member 
overlays and closes said port to establish said closed port position while 
maintaining said axially spaced condition between the torpedo and the 
sleeve member.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
Referring now in detail to the drawings the reference numeral 10 designates 
a mold sprue bushing and the reference numeral 11 designates the discharge 
or outlet end of an injection molding machine or an extruder in which a 
housing 12 having a compound transmission channel 13 is fitted with an 
extension 14 having a counterbore 16. 
The housing extension 14, formed with a cylindrical bore 17, receives 
slidably a sleeve member 18 having a working face 19 and a circular flange 
21 received in the counterbore 16. 
One face 22 of the flange 21 is spaced axially from a mating face of the 
counterbore 16 by a first predetermined dimension A (FIG. 2) and the 
opposite face 23 of the flange is spaced axially from a retaining ring 24 
by a second larger predetermined dimension B. 
The sleeve member, in turn, receives slidably a torpedo 26 having a through 
bore 27 leading to a discharge or outlet end 28 and to a plurality of 
inlet ports 29-29. 
The ports 29-29 are operable to communicate with compound transmission 
channel 13 via passage 31. 
Releasably connected to the torpedo is a cap means 32 having a plurality of 
radially extending flutes 33-33. In the present embodiment of the 
invention the cap means is threadedly connected to the torpedo. 
The cap means is operable to contact a portion of the working face 19 of 
the sleeve member 18 as is most apparent in FIG. 1. 
A power means (indicated generally at 37), in the present embodiment a set 
of Belleville washers, is received under compressive stress between the 
torpedo 26 and the sleeve member 18, supported by offset abutments or 
shoulders 34 and 36, tending to separate the torpedo and the sleeve member 
axially against the restraint of the cap means 32 while maintaining snug 
contact between the sleeve member and the cap means at working face 19. 
In the closed position of the nozzle assembly (FIGS. 1 and 2) the right end 
of the sleeve member overlays and closes inlet ports 29 and the torpedo 26 
and the sleeve member 18 are spaced axially a third predetermined 
dimension C, a larger dimension than dimension B. 
In addition, the power means 37 operates to hold the closed position of 
inlet ports 29-29 against the usual and customary forces exerted on the 
working face 19 of the sleeve member 18 resulting from resin plasticizing 
or resin transfer pressures within the injection molding machine. 
When it is desired to purge the unit the pressure in the injection molding 
machine is increased gradually until there is sufficient force on the 
working face 19 of the sleeve member 18 to drive the sleeve axially along 
the torpedo 26 compressing power means 37 (Belleville washers in this 
embodiment) until the sleeve engages retaining ring 24. 
This occurrence opens inlet ports 29-29 partially and establishes the 
purging position of the nozzle assembly, as is most apparent in FIG. 3, 
allowing melt to flow from channel 13 to through bore 27 and to the 
atmosphere via passage 31, past flutes 33 and through partially open ports 
29-29. 
Note that in the purging position dimension B is eliminated and is added to 
dimension A. 
Reduction of pressure in the injection molding machine allows the power 
means to move the nozzle assembly to the position of FIGS. 1 and 2 
automatically establishing the closed position thereby terminating purging 
flow. That is the sleeve 18 closes ports 29-29. 
When it is desired to proceed with injection molding the injection molding 
machine as a unit is moved into contact with and pressed against an 
abutment such as a mold sprue bushing 10. 
This step is operative to compress the power means 37, take up all the 
remaining axial spacing represented by dimensions A and C and thrust the 
torpedo to the right to establish the third position or the injection 
molding position as shown in FIG. 4. 
In this injection molding position the ports 29-29 are fully opened 
allowing a flow path of minimum restriction for the injected resin. 
Upon withdrawal of the nozzle assembly from the sprue bushing 10 the power 
means operates to establish the closed position automatically. 
It is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the 
illustrations described and shown herein, which are deemed to be merely 
illustrative of the best modes of carrying out the invention, and which 
are susceptible of modification of form, size, arrangement of parts and 
details of operation. The invention rather is intended to encompass all 
such modifications which are within its spirit and scope as defined by the 
claims.