Semiconductor device

There is provided a semiconductor device capable of improving the performance and/or reliability of the element, by increasing the capacitance of the capacitor, using a capacitor dielectric film including a ferroelectric material and a paraelectric material. The semiconductor device includes first and second electrodes disposed to be spaced apart from each other, and a capacitor dielectric film disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode and including a first dielectric film and a second dielectric film. The first dielectric film includes one of a first monometal oxide film and a first bimetal oxide film, the first dielectric film has an orthorhombic crystal system, the second dielectric film includes a paraelectric material, and a dielectric constant of the capacitor dielectric film is greater than a dielectric constant of the second dielectric film.

This application claims priority to Korean Patent Application No. 10-2019-0025713, filed on Mar. 6, 2019, and all the benefits accruing therefrom under 35 U.S.C. § 119, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.

BACKGROUND

1. Technical Field

The present inventive concepts relate to a semiconductor device, and more particularly, to a semiconductor device that uses a capacitor as a data storage element.

2. Description of the Related Art

In recent years, semiconductor elements have been increased in capacity and/or integration, and design rules have also decreased. Such a tendency is also shown in a DRAM which is one of memory semiconductor elements. A certain level or more of capacitance (electrostatic capacity) is required for each cell in order for the DRAM device to operate.

The increase in capacitance increases an amount of charge stored in the capacitor to improve the refresh characteristics of the semiconductor device. The improved refresh characteristics of the semiconductor device may improve the yield of the semiconductor device.

In order to increase the capacitance, methods of utilizing a dielectric film having a high dielectric constant for a capacitor or increasing a contact area between a lower electrode of the capacitor and a dielectric film have been studied.

SUMMARY

Aspects of the present inventive concepts provide a semiconductor device capable of improving the performance and reliability of the element, by increasing the capacitance of the capacitor, using a capacitor dielectric film including a ferroelectric material and a paraelectric material.

However, aspects of the present inventive concepts are not restricted to the one set forth herein. The above and other aspects of the present inventive concepts will become more apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art to which the present inventive concepts pertain by referencing the detailed description of the present inventive concepts given below.

According to an aspect of the present inventive concepts, there is provided a semiconductor device comprising first and second electrodes apart from each other, and a capacitor dielectric film between the first electrode and the second electrode and including a first dielectric film and a second dielectric film. The first dielectric film includes one of a first monometal oxide film and a first bimetal oxide film, the first dielectric film has an orthorhombic crystal system, the second dielectric film includes a paraelectric material, and a dielectric constant of the capacitor dielectric film is greater than a dielectric constant of the second dielectric film.

According to an aspect of the present inventive concepts, there is provided a semiconductor device comprising first and second electrodes apart from each other, a capacitor dielectric film between the first electrode and the second electrode, and including a first dielectric film and a second dielectric film, the first dielectric film including a ferroelectric material, the second dielectric film including a paraelectric material and between the first dielectric film and the first electrode, and at least one interfacial film including a conductive material and being in contact with the first dielectric film.

According to an aspect of the present inventive concepts, there is provided a semiconductor device comprising a first insulation pattern including a first sidewall and a second sidewall adjacent to each other on a substrate, a second insulation pattern separate from the first insulation pattern on the substrate and including a third sidewall and a fourth sidewall adjacent to each other, the fourth sidewall of the second insulation pattern facing the second sidewall of the first insulation pattern, a first lower electrode extending along the first sidewall of the first insulation pattern and not extending along the second sidewall of the first insulation pattern, a second lower electrode extending along the third sidewall of the second insulation pattern and not extending along the fourth sidewall of the second insulation pattern, a capacitor dielectric film extending along the first lower electrode, the second lower electrode, the second sidewall of the first insulation pattern and the fourth sidewall of the second insulation pattern, and including a first dielectric film and a second dielectric film, and an upper electrode on the capacitor dielectric film. The first dielectric film includes one of a monometal oxide film and a bimetal oxide film, the second dielectric film includes a paraelectric material, and a dielectric constant of the capacitor dielectric film is greater than a dielectric constant of the second dielectric film.

According to an aspect of the present inventive concepts, there is provided a semiconductor device comprising first and second electrodes apart from each other, and a capacitor dielectric film between the first electrode and the second electrode and including a first dielectric film and a second dielectric film, the first dielectric film being between the second dielectric film and the first electrode. Each of the first dielectric film and the second dielectric film includes a metal oxide film, a metal contained in the metal oxide film is contained in a transition metal of group 4 (IV B) of a periodic table, and a capacitance of the capacitor dielectric film is greater than a capacitance of the second dielectric film.

According to an aspect of the present inventive concepts, there is provided a semiconductor device comprising first and second electrodes apart from each other, and a capacitor dielectric film between the first electrode and the second electrode, and including a first dielectric film and a second dielectric film. The first dielectric film includes a monometal oxide film having an orthorhombic crystal system, the second dielectric film includes a paraelectric material, and a capacitance of the capacitor dielectric film is greater than a capacitance of the second dielectric film.

According to an aspect of the present inventive concepts, there is provided a semiconductor device comprising a first insulation pattern including a first sidewall and a second sidewall adjacent to each other on a substrate, a second insulation pattern separate from the first insulation pattern on the substrate and including a third sidewall and a fourth sidewall adjacent to each other, the fourth sidewall of the second insulation pattern facing the second sidewall of the first insulation pattern, a first lower electrode extending along the first sidewall of the first insulation pattern and not extending along the second sidewall of the first insulation pattern, a second lower electrode extending along the third sidewall of the second insulation pattern and not extending along the fourth sidewall of the second insulation pattern, a capacitor dielectric film extending along the first lower electrode, the second lower electrode, the second sidewall of the first insulation pattern and the fourth sidewall of the second insulation pattern, and including a first dielectric film and a second dielectric film, at least one or more interfacial films including a conductive material and being in contact with the first dielectric film, and an upper electrode on the capacitor dielectric film. The first dielectric film includes a ferroelectric material, and the second dielectric film includes a paraelectric material.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF SOME EMBODIMENTS

FIG. 1is a circuit diagram of a memory cell array of a semiconductor device according to some embodiments.

Referring toFIG. 1, the memory cell array may include, for example, a DRAM cell array.

The memory cell array may include word lines WL, bit lines BL intersecting the word lines WL, and/or a plurality of memory cells MC. The memory cells MC may be connected to the corresponding word line WL among the word lines WL and the corresponding bit line BL among the bit lines BL.

Each of the memory cells MC may include a cell transistor CTR connected to the corresponding word line WL and/or a capacitor CA connected to one terminal of the cell transistor CTR.

A drain region of the cell transistor CTR may be connected to the corresponding bit line BL, and a source region of the cell transistor CTR may be connected to the capacitor CA. The cell transistor CTR may be configured to selectively control the flow of charge flowing to the capacitor CA. The memory cells MC may store data of 0 or 1, depending on the presence or absence of the charge stored in the capacitor CA, respectively.

FIG. 2ais a diagram illustrating the semiconductor device in some embodiments.FIG. 2bis a circuit diagram corresponding to the semiconductor device ofFIG. 2a. The semiconductor device described inFIG. 2amay be placed at a location of the capacitor CA of the memory cell MC ofFIG. 1.

Referring toFIGS. 2aand 2b, the semiconductor device according to some embodiments may include a first electrode100, a second electrode110, and/or a first capacitor dielectric film200.

The first electrode100may include, but is not limited to, for example, a doped semiconductor material, conductive metal nitride (e.g., titanium nitride, tantalum nitride, niobium nitride, tungsten nitride or the like), a metal (e.g., ruthenium, iridium, titanium, tantalum or the like), conductive metal oxide (e.g., iridium oxide or niobium oxide), and the like.

The first capacitor dielectric film200may be disposed on the first electrode100. The first capacitor dielectric film200may be disposed between the first electrode100and the second electrode110.

The first capacitor dielectric film200may include a first ferroelectric film210and a first paraelectric film260. The first ferroelectric film210and the first paraelectric film260may be sequentially stacked between the first electrode100and the second electrode110. The first ferroelectric film210may be disposed between the first electrode100and the first paraelectric film260. The first paraelectric film260may be disposed between the first ferroelectric film210and the second electrode110.

As an example, the first electrode100may be a lower electrode of the capacitor, and the second electrode110may be an upper electrode of the capacitor. As another example, the first electrode100may be an upper electrode of the capacitor, and the second electrode110may be a lower electrode of the capacitor.

The first ferroelectric film210may include a ferroelectric material. The first ferroelectric film210may include a first monometal oxide. The first ferroelectric film210may include a metal oxide film, for example, a first monometal oxide film. In some embodiments, the monometal oxide may be a binary compound including or consisting of a single metal and oxygen.

As an example, the metal contained in the first monometal oxide film may be hafnium (Hf). The first monometal oxide film may be a hafnium oxide film (HfO). In some embodiments, the hafnium oxide film may have a chemical formula suitable for stoichiometry, or may have a chemical formula not suitable for stoichiometry.

As another example, the metal contained in the first monometal oxide film may be any of rare earth metals of the lanthanoids. The first monometal oxide film may be a rare earth metal oxide film of lanthanoid. In some embodiments, the rare earth metal oxide film of lanthanoid may have a chemical formula suitable for the stoichiometry, or may have a chemical formula not suitable for the stoichiometry.

The first monometal oxide film may include one of hafnium and the rare earth metal of lanthanoid. The first monometal oxide film may be one of a hafnium oxide film or a rare earth metal oxide film of lanthanoid.

The first ferroelectric film210may have an orthorhombic crystal system. The first ferroelectric film210may be a first monometal oxide film having the orthorhombic crystal system.

As an example, the first ferroelectric film210may further include a dopant doped in the first monometal oxide film. The dopant may serve to stabilize the first monometal oxide film having the orthorhombic crystal system. A doping concentration may be less than 10%.

As an example, when the first monometal oxide film is a hafnium oxide film, the dopant may include at least one of gadolinium (Gd), silicon (Si), aluminum (Al), yttrium (Y), lanthanum (La), scandium (Sc), cerium (Ce), dysprosium (Dy), tantalum (Ta), strontium (Sr), and niobium (Nb). As another example, when the first monometal oxide film is a rare earth metal oxide film of lanthanoid, the dopant may include at least one of silicon (Si), aluminum (Al), hafnium (Hf), zirconium (Zr) and niobium (Nb).

As another example, the first monometal oxide film may not contain dopants doped in the film.

In the semiconductor device according to some embodiments of the present inventive concepts, the first ferroelectric film210may be a single film including or consisting of a first monometal oxide film. When the first ferroelectric film210is a single film and the first monometal oxide film is the hafnium oxide film, the hafnium oxide film may have ferroelectric characteristics in a range of a thickness of hafnium oxide film from 3 nm or more to 5 nm or less.

In some embodiments, the single film may mean that the materials contained in the film have the same crystal system, while having one chemical formula.

The first paraelectric film260may include the paraelectric material. The first paraelectric material may include a monometal oxide or a bimetal oxide. The first paraelectric film260may include a metal oxide film, for example, a second monometal oxide film or a first bimetal oxide film. In some embodiments, the bimetal oxide may be a ternary compound including or consisting of two metals and oxygen.

The metal contained in the second monometal oxide film and the first bimetal oxide may be contained in the transition metal of group 4 (IV B) of the periodic table. The transition metal of group 4 (IV B) of the periodic table may include at least one of hafnium (Hf) and zirconium (Zr).

The metal contained in the second monometal oxide film may be, for example, one of hafnium (Hf) and zirconium (Zr). The second monometal oxide film may be one of a hafnium oxide film (HfO) and a zirconium oxide film (ZrO).

The metal contained in the first bimetal oxide film may be, for example, hafnium (Hf) and zirconium (Zr). The first bimetal oxide film may be a hafnium zirconium oxide film (HfZrO). The hafnium zirconium oxide film (HfZrO) may be a solid solution of hafnium oxide (HfO) and zirconium oxide (ZrO).

In some embodiments, each of the hafnium oxide film (HfO), the zirconium oxide film (ZrO) and the hafnium zirconium oxide film (HfZrO) may have chemical formulas suitable for the stoichiometry, and may have chemical formulas not suitable for the stoichiometry.

When the first ferroelectric film210contains a hafnium oxide film, the metal oxide film contained in the first ferroelectric film210and the metal oxide film contained in the first paraelectric film260may include at least one of hafnium (Hf) and zirconium (Zr), which are transition metals of group 4 (IV B) of the periodic table, respectively.

When the first paraelectric film260is a hafnium oxide film or a hafnium zirconium oxide film, the first paraelectric film260may have one crystal system among a monoclinic crystal system, a tetragonal crystal system, and a cubic crystal system. When the first paraelectric film260is a zirconium oxide film, the first paraelectric film260may have one crystal system among a monoclinic crystal system, an orthorhombic crystal system, a tetragonal crystal system, and a cubic crystal system.

In the semiconductor device according to some embodiments of the present inventive concepts, the first paraelectric film260may be a single film including or consisting of a second monometal oxide film, or a single film including or consisting of a first bimetal oxide film.

For example, the first ferroelectric film210may be a hafnium oxide film having an orthorhombic crystal system, and the first paraelectric film260may be a hafnium oxide film having a monoclinic crystal system. At this time, even if the first ferroelectric film210is in contact with the first paraelectric film260, the stacked first ferroelectric film210and the first paraelectric film260may not constitute a single film. In other words, the stacked first ferroelectric film210and the first paraelectric film260may be a stacked film in which single films different from each other are stacked.

In the semiconductor devices according to some embodiments of the present inventive concepts, the first ferroelectric film210may be in contact with the first paraelectric film260.

InFIGS. 2aand 2b, the first ferroelectric film210may be included in a ferroelectric capacitor CF, and the first paraelectric film260may be included in a paraelectric capacitor CP. That is, the first ferroelectric film210may be a capacitor dielectric film of the ferroelectric capacitor CF, and the first paraelectric film260may be a capacitor dielectric film of the paraelectric capacitor CP.

The ferroelectric capacitor CFand the paraelectric capacitor CPare connected in series. That is, the capacitor including the first capacitor dielectric film200may be equivalent to the ferroelectric capacitor CFand the paraelectric capacitor CPconnected in series.

In the semiconductor device according to some embodiments of the present inventive concepts, the first capacitor dielectric film200in which the first ferroelectric film210and the first paraelectric film260are stacked in a plate shape may exhibit the characteristics of the paraelectric material.

If two or more capacitors are connected in series and the capacitances of each capacitor have a positive value, the overall capacitance becomes smaller than the capacitance of each individual capacitor. In other words, the dielectric constant of a capacitor dielectric film contained in a capacitor that is equivalent to two or more capacitors connected in series is smaller than the dielectric constant of a capacitor dielectric film contained in the individual capacitor.

However, if, for example, one of the capacitances of the two capacitors connected in series has a negative value, the overall capacitance may be greater than the respective individual capacitances, while having a positive value. In order for the overall capacitance value to have a positive value, an absolute value of the capacitance having a negative value should be greater than or equal to the capacitance having a positive value.

In some embodiments of the present inventive concepts, the ferroelectric capacitor CFand the paraelectric capacitor CPare connected in series. However, the capacitance of the first capacitor dielectric film200is greater than the capacitance of the first paraelectric film260. That is, the capacitance of the first capacitor dielectric film200is greater than the capacitance of the paraelectric capacitor CP.

In other words, the dielectric constant of the first capacitor dielectric film200is greater than the dielectric constant of the first paraelectric film260.

For example, the ferroelectric capacitor CFincluding the first ferroelectric film210having a negative dielectric constant may have a negative capacitance. The paraelectric capacitor CP, which includes the first paraelectric film260having a positive dielectric constant, may have a positive capacitance.

Also, an absolute value of the capacitance of the ferroelectric capacitor CFincluding the first ferroelectric film210may be greater than an absolute value of the capacitance of the paraelectric capacitor CPincluding the first paraelectric film260. In other words, the absolute value of the dielectric constant of the first ferroelectric film210may be greater than the absolute value of the dielectric constant of the first paraelectric film260.

In such a case, the ferroelectric capacitor CFand the paraelectric capacitor CPare connected in series, but the capacitance of the first capacitor dielectric film200may be greater than the capacitance of the first paraelectric film260.

In addition, as the absolute value of the capacitance of the ferroelectric capacitor CFis greater than the absolute value of the capacitance of the paraelectric capacitor CP, and a difference between the absolute value of the capacitance of the ferroelectric capacitor CFand the absolute value of the capacitance of the paraelectric capacitor CPdecreases, the overall capacitance of the ferroelectric capacitor CFand the paraelectric capacitor CPconnected in series may increase.

This will be described below in detail with reference toFIGS. 3 to 4c.

The second electrode110may be disposed on the first capacitor dielectric film200. The second electrode110may be disposed to be spaced apart from the first electrode100. For example, the second electrode110may include, but is not limited to, doped semiconductor materials, conductive metal nitrides (e.g., titanium nitride, tantalum nitride, niobium nitride or tungsten nitride), metals (e.g., ruthenium, iridium, titanium or tantalum), and conductive metal oxides (e.g., iridium oxide or niobium oxide).

FIG. 3is a free energy-polarization curve of the ferroelectric material, the paraelectric material, and the stacked ferroelectric material and paraelectric material.FIG. 4ais a polarization-electric field curve of the ferroelectric material in a single domain state.FIG. 4bis a polarization-electric field curve of the paraelectric material.FIG. 4cis a polarization-electric field curve of the stacked ferroelectric material and paraelectric material.

InFIG. 3, a curve i) may be a free energy-polarization curve of the ferroelectric material, a curve ii) is a free energy-polarization curve of the paraelectric material, and a curve iii) is a free energy-polarization curve of the stacked ferroelectric material and paraelectric material. An axis U may represent the free energy and an axis P may represent the polarization.

Referring toFIGS. 3 and 4a, the ferroelectric material may have two stable polarization states when there is no electric field. The ferroelectric material may have two spontaneous polarizations when there is no electric field.

A relationship between the polarization and the electric field of the ferroelectric material as illustrated inFIG. 4amay be obtained using the curve i) ofFIG. 3. InFIG. 4a, an axis E represents the electric field and an axis P represents the polarization.

When drawing a polarization-electric field graph of the ferroelectric material, the polarization-electric field graph of the ferroelectric material may have an S-shaped curve. The dielectric constant of the material may be proportional to a slope (dP/dE) of the polarization-electric field curve. That is, considering the definition of capacitance, the capacitance may be proportional to the slope (dP/dE) of the polarization-electric field curve.

The polarization-electric field graph of the ferroelectric material includes a region which the slope (dP/dE) of the polarization-electric field curve is negative. In the region in which the slope (dP/dE) of the polarization-electric field curve is negative, the capacitor may have a negative capacitance.

The region in which the slope (dP/dE) of the polarization-electric field curve is negative is a region in which the free energy curve of the ferroelectric material has a maximum value. Since the energy state is unstable in this region, it may be difficult to maintain such a polarization state.

Referring toFIGS. 3 and 4b, when the polarization of the paraelectric material is zero, the free energy of the paraelectric material is reduced or minimized, so that the paraelectric material may have one stable polarization state.

A relationship between the polarization and the electric field of the paraelectric as illustrated inFIG. 4bmay be obtained, using the curve ii) ofFIG. 3. When the polarization-electric field graph of the paraelectric material is drawn, the polarization-electric field graph of the paraelectric material may be a straight line with a positive slope.

Referring toFIGS. 3 and 4c, by stacking the ferroelectric material and the paraelectric material, the region having the negative capacitance in the ferroelectric material may be stabilized by the paraelectric material. In the overall free energy curve of the stacked ferroelectric material and paraelectric material, the overall free energy may be reduced or minimized when the polarization is zero.

A relationship between the polarization and the electric field of the stacked paraelectric material and ferroelectric material as illustrated inFIG. 4cmay be obtained, using the curve iii) ofFIG. 3. InFIG. 4c, the dotted line is the polarization-electric field curve of the paraelectric material (FIG. 4b).

Since the ferroelectric material and the paraelectric material are stacked, the slope (dP/dE) of the polarization-electric field graph of the stacked ferroelectric material and paraelectric material may have a positive value, even in the region in which the ferroelectric material has a negative capacitance. In the region in which the ferroelectric material has a negative capacitance, the slope of the polarization-electric field graph of the stacked ferroelectric material and paraelectric material is greater than the slope of the polarization-electric field graph of the paraelectric material.

By connecting the ferroelectric material having a negative capacitance and the paraelectric material having the positive capacitor in series, a stacked film of the ferroelectric material and the paraelectric material may exhibit characteristics of the paraelectric material. Thus, although the capacitors are connected in series, the capacitance may increase.

In the region in which the slope (dP/dE) of the polarization-electric field curve of the ferroelectric material is negative, the polarization-electric field curve may have a first slope, and the polarization-electric field curve of the paraelectric material may have a second slope. When the sum of a half of the first slope and the second slope is greater than zero, the stacked material of the ferroelectric material and the paraelectric material may exhibit the characteristics of the paraelectric material.

Alternatively, when an average value of a maximum value Cmaxand a minimum value Cminof the capacitance of the ferroelectric material is smaller than the capacitance of the paraelectric material, the stacked film of the ferroelectric material and the paraelectric material may exhibit the characteristics of the paraelectric material.

FIG. 5is a diagram illustrating a semiconductor device according to some embodiments. For convenience of explanation, differences from those described usingFIG. 2awill be mainly described.

Referring toFIG. 5, in the semiconductor device according to some embodiments, the first capacitor dielectric film200may include a second ferroelectric film211and a first paraelectric film260.

The second ferroelectric film211may include a ferroelectric material. The second ferroelectric film211may include a second bimetal oxide. The second ferroelectric film211may include a metal oxide film, for example, a second bimetal oxide film.

The metal contained in the second bimetal oxide may be contained in the transition metal of group 4 (IV B) of the periodic table. The metals contained in the second bimetal oxide film may be, for example, hafnium (Hf) and zirconium (Zr). The second bimetal oxide film may be a hafnium zirconium oxide film (HfxZr(1-x)O). In the second bimetal oxide film, x may be 0.4 or more and 0.6 or less. In some embodiments, the hafnium zirconium oxide film (HfxZr(1-x)O) may have a chemical formula suitable for the stoichiometry, or may have a chemical formula not suitable for the stoichiometry.

The second ferroelectric film211may have an orthorhombic crystal system. The second ferroelectric film211may be a second bimetal oxide film having an orthorhombic crystal system.

As an example, the second ferroelectric film211may further include a dopant doped in the second bimetal oxide film. The dopant may include at least one of gadolinium (Gd), silicon (Si), aluminum (Al), yttrium (Y), lanthanum (La), scandium (Sc), cerium (Ce), dysprosium (Dy), tantalum (Ta), and strontium (Sr).

As another example, the second bimetal oxide film may not contain a dopant doped in the film.

In the semiconductor device according to some embodiments of the present inventive concepts, the second ferroelectric film211may be a single film including or consisting of a second bimetal oxide film. When the second ferroelectric film211is a second monometal oxide film which is a single film, in a thickness range of the hafnium zirconium oxide film from 5 nm or more to 20 nm or less, the hafnium zirconium oxide film may have ferroelectric characteristics.

FIG. 6is a diagram illustrating the semiconductor device according to some embodiments. For convenience of explanation, differences from those described usingFIG. 2awill be mainly described.

Referring toFIG. 6, in the semiconductor device according to some embodiments, the first capacitor dielectric film200may include a third ferroelectric film212and a first paraelectric film260.

The third ferroelectric film212may include a first sub-dielectric film212aand a second sub-dielectric film212bsequentially stacked between the first electrode100and the first paraelectric film260. The second sub-dielectric film212bmay be disposed between the first sub-dielectric film212aand the first paraelectric film260. The stacked first sub-dielectric film212aand second sub-dielectric film212bhave ferroelectric characteristics.

The first sub-dielectric film212amay include a third monometal oxide film. The metal contained in the third monometal oxide film may be zirconium (Zr). The third monometal oxide film may be a zirconium oxide film (ZrO).

The second sub-dielectric film212bmay include a fourth monometal oxide film. The metal contained in the fourth monometal oxide film may be hafnium (Hf). The fourth monometal oxide film may be a hafnium oxide film (HfO).

The first sub-dielectric film212ais a single film including or consisting of a third metal oxide film, and the second sub-dielectric film212bmay be a single film including or consisting of a fourth monometal oxide film. That is, the third ferroelectric film212may be a stacked film of the third monometal oxide film and the fourth monometal oxide film which are single films different from each other.

The third ferroelectric film212may be a stacked film in which a zirconium oxide film (ZrO) and a hafnium oxide film (HfO), each of which is a single film, are stacked.

In the third ferroelectric film212, a ratio (Hf/Hf(Hf+Zr)) of hafnium (Hf) to the total of hafnium (Hf) and zirconium (Zr) may be greater than or equal to 0.35 or and smaller than 1. The thickness of the third ferroelectric film212may be 1 nm or more and 20 nm or less. The third ferroelectric film212may further include a dopant doped in the film.

The third ferroelectric film212may have an orthorhombic crystal system. The third ferroelectric film212may be a stacked film of the third monometal oxide film and the fourth monometal oxide film having an orthorhombic crystal system. Each of the third monometal oxide film and the fourth monometal oxide film may have the orthorhombic crystal system.

FIG. 7is a diagram illustrating the semiconductor device according to some embodiments. For convenience of explanation, differences from those described usingFIG. 6will be mainly described.

Referring toFIG. 7, in the semiconductor device according to some embodiments, the first sub-dielectric film212amay be disposed between the second sub-dielectric film212band the first paraelectric film260. The second sub-dielectric film212band the first sub-dielectric film212aare sequentially stacked between the first electrode100and the first paraelectric film260.

The third ferroelectric film212may be a stacked film in which a hafnium oxide film (HfO) and a zirconium oxide film (ZrO), each of which is a single film, are stacked.

When the first paraelectric film260includes the zirconium oxide film (ZrO) which is a monometal oxide film, the first paraelectric film260may have one crystal system, among a monoclinic crystal system, a tetragonal crystal system and a cubic crystal system.

FIG. 8is a diagram illustrating the semiconductor device according to some embodiments. For convenience of explanation, differences from those described usingFIG. 6will be mainly described.

Referring toFIG. 8, in the semiconductor device according to some embodiments, the first capacitor dielectric film200may include a third ferroelectric film212and a second paraelectric film261.

The second paraelectric film261may include a third sub-dielectric film261aand a fourth sub-dielectric film261asequentially stacked between the third ferroelectric film212and the second electrode110. The third sub-dielectric film261amay be disposed between the fourth sub-dielectric film261band the third ferroelectric film212. The stacked third sub-dielectric film261aand fourth sub-dielectric film261bmay have the paraelectric characteristics.

The third sub-dielectric film261amay include a fifth monometal oxide film. The metal contained in the fifth monometal oxide film may be zirconium (Zr). The fifth monometal oxide film may be a zirconium oxide film (ZrO).

The fourth sub-dielectric film261bmay include a sixth monometal oxide film. The metal contained in the sixth monometal oxide film may be hafnium (Hf). The sixth monometal oxide film may be a hafnium oxide film (HfO).

The third sub-dielectric film261amay be a single film including or consisting of the fifth metal oxide film, and the fourth sub-dielectric film261bmay be a single film including or consisting of the sixth monometal oxide film. That is, the second paraelectric film261may be a stacked film of the fifth monometal oxide film and the sixth monometal oxide film which are single films different from each other.

The second paraelectric film261may be a stacked film in which a zirconium oxide film (ZrO) and a hafnium oxide film (HfO), each of which is a single film, are stacked.

In the second paraelectric film261, the ratio (Hf/Hf(Hf+Zr)) of hafnium (Hf) to the total of hafnium (Hf) and zirconium (Zr) may be smaller than 0.35 and greater than 0.

The second paraelectric film261may have one crystal system, among the monoclinic crystal system, the tetragonal crystal system, and the cubic crystal system. Each of the fifth monometal oxide film and the sixth monometal oxide film may have one crystal system, among the monoclinic crystal system, the tetragonal crystal system, and the cubic crystal system.

Unlike the case illustrated inFIG. 8, the second sub-dielectric film212bmay be disposed between the first sub-dielectric film212aand the first electrode100.

In addition, unlike the case illustrated inFIG. 8, the third sub-dielectric film261amay be disposed between the fourth sub-dielectric film261band the second electrode110.

FIG. 9is a diagram illustrating the semiconductor device according to some embodiments. For convenience of explanation, differences from those described usingFIG. 2awill be mainly described.

Referring toFIG. 9, the semiconductor device according to some embodiments may further include a third paraelectric film262.

The third paraelectric film262may be disposed between the first ferroelectric film210and the first electrode100. The first ferroelectric film210may be disposed between the third paraelectric film262and the first paraelectric film260.

The third paraelectric film262may be a single film or a stacked film in which single films different from each other are stacked.

As an example, when the third paraelectric film262is a single film, the third paraelectric film262may include a second monometal oxide film or a first bimetal oxide film. The description of the second monometal oxide film and the first bimetal oxide film may be substantially the same as the description of the first paraelectric film260ofFIG. 2a.

As another example, the third paraelectric film262may be a stacked film in which single films different from each other are stacked. The third paraelectric film262may be a stacked film of the fifth monometal oxide film and the sixth monometal oxide film which are single films different from each other. The description of the fifth monometal oxide film and the sixth monometal oxide film may be substantially the same as the description of the second paraelectric film261ofFIG. 8.

The third paraelectric film262may include a metal oxide film having the same chemical formula as the first paraelectric film260, and may also include a metal oxide film having different chemical formula. When the third paraelectric film262and the first paraelectric film260include metal oxide films having the same chemical formula, the crystal system of the third paraelectric film262may be the same as or different from the crystal system of the first paraelectric film260.

Unlike the case illustrated inFIG. 9, the first ferroelectric film210may be replaced with the second ferroelectric film211ofFIG. 5. Also, the first ferroelectric film210may be replaced with the third ferroelectric film212ofFIGS. 6 and 7.

In addition, the first paraelectric film260may be replaced with the second paraelectric film261ofFIG. 8.

FIG. 10is a diagram illustrating the semiconductor device according to some embodiments. For convenience of explanation, differences from those described usingFIG. 2awill be mainly described.

Referring toFIG. 10, the semiconductor device according to some embodiments may further include a fourth ferroelectric film213.

The fourth ferroelectric film213may be disposed between the first paraelectric film260and the second electrode110. The first paraelectric film260may be disposed between the first ferroelectric film210and the fourth ferroelectric film213.

The fourth ferroelectric film213may be a single film or a stacked film in which single films different from each other are stacked.

As an example, when the fourth ferroelectric film213is a single film, the fourth ferroelectric film213may include a first monometal oxide film or a second bimetal oxide film. The description of the first monometal oxide film may be substantially the same as the description of the first ferroelectric film210ofFIG. 2a. The description of the second bimetal oxide film may be substantially the same as the description of the second ferroelectric film211ofFIG. 5.

As another example, the fourth ferroelectric film213may be a stacked film in which single films different from each other are stacked. The fourth ferroelectric film213may be a stacked film of the third monometal oxide film and the fourth monometal oxide film which are single films different from each other. The description of the third monometal oxide film and the fourth monometal oxide film may be substantially the same as the description of the third ferroelectric film212ofFIGS. 6 and 7.

Unlike the case illustrated inFIG. 10, the first ferroelectric film210may be replaced with the second ferroelectric film211ofFIG. 5. Also, the first ferroelectric film210may be replaced with the third ferroelectric film212ofFIGS. 6 and 7.

In addition, the first paraelectric film260may be replaced with the second paraelectric film261ofFIG. 8.

FIG. 11is a diagram illustrating the semiconductor device according to some embodiments. For convenience of explanation, differences from those described usingFIG. 2awill be mainly described.

Referring toFIG. 11, in the semiconductor device according to some embodiments, the first capacitor dielectric film200may include a plurality of first ferroelectric films210and a plurality of first paraelectric films260.

The first ferroelectric film210and the first paraelectric film260may form a dielectric film group. The first capacitor dielectric film200may include a plurality of dielectric film groups.

The first capacitor dielectric film200may include the first ferroelectric film210and the first paraelectric film260which are alternately stacked. AlthoughFIG. 11illustrates that the first capacitor dielectric film200includes two dielectric film groups, this is only for convenience of description, and the embodiments are not limited thereto.

Unlike the case illustrated inFIG. 11, the first ferroelectric film210may be replaced with the second ferroelectric film211ofFIG. 5. Also, the first ferroelectric film210may be replaced with the third ferroelectric film212ofFIGS. 6 and 7.

In addition, the first paraelectric film260may be replaced with the second paraelectric film261ofFIG. 8.

FIG. 12is a diagram illustrating the semiconductor device according to some embodiments. For convenience of explanation, differences from those described usingFIG. 2awill be mainly described.

Referring toFIG. 12, in the semiconductor device according to some embodiments, the first capacitor dielectric film200may further include a fifth ferroelectric film214and a fourth paraelectric film263.

The fifth ferroelectric film214and the fourth paraelectric film263may be disposed between the first paraelectric film260and the second electrode110. The fifth ferroelectric film214may be disposed between the first paraelectric film260and the fourth paraelectric film263. The fourth paraelectric film263may be disposed between the fifth ferroelectric film214and the second electrode110.

The first capacitor dielectric film200may include the ferroelectric material film and the paraelectric material film alternately stacked, between the first electrode100and the second electrode110.

The fifth ferroelectric film214may be a single film or a stacked film in which single films different from each other are stacked.

As an example, when the fifth ferroelectric film214is a single film, the fifth ferroelectric film214may include the first monometal oxide film or the second bimetal oxide film. The description of the first monometal oxide film may be substantially the same as the description of the first ferroelectric film210ofFIG. 2a. The description of the second bimetal oxide film may be substantially the same as the description of the second ferroelectric film211ofFIG. 5.

As another example, the fifth ferroelectric film214may be a stacked film in which single films different from each other are stacked. The fifth ferroelectric film214may be a stacked film of the third monometal oxide film and the fourth monometal oxide film which are single films different from each other. The description of the third monometal oxide film and the fourth monometal oxide film may be substantially the same as the description of the third ferroelectric film212ofFIGS. 6 and 7.

The fourth paraelectric film263may be a single film or a stacked film in which single films different from each other are stacked.

As an example, when the fourth paraelectric film263is a single film, the fourth paraelectric film263may include a second monometal oxide film or a first bimetal oxide film. The description of the second monometal oxide film and the first bimetal oxide film may be substantially the same as the description of the first paraelectric film260ofFIG. 2a.

As another example, the fourth paraelectric film263may be a stacked film in which single films different from each other are stacked. The fourth paraelectric film263may be a stacked film of the fifth monometal oxide film and the sixth monometal oxide film which are single films different from each other. The description of the fifth monometal oxide film and the sixth monometal oxide film may be substantially the same as the description of the second paraelectric film261ofFIG. 8.

Each of the first ferroelectric film210and the fifth ferroelectric film214is a dielectric film having ferroelectric characteristics. However, as an example, the first ferroelectric film210and the fifth ferroelectric film214may have film structures different from each other, i.e., the structures of the single film and the stacked film. As another example, the first ferroelectric film210and the fifth ferroelectric film214may include metal oxide films having chemical formulas different from each other.

The first paraelectric film260and the fourth paraelectric film263are dielectric films having the paraelectric characteristics, respectively. However, as an example, the first paraelectric film260and the fourth paraelectric film263may have film structures different from each other, i.e., the structures of the single film and the stacked film. As another example, the first paraelectric film260and the fourth paraelectric film263may include the metal oxide films having chemical formulas different from each other. As another example, the first paraelectric film260and the fourth paraelectric film263may have the crystal systems different from each other.

FIGS. 13 to 15are diagrams illustrating the semiconductor device according to some embodiments, respectively. For convenience of explanation, differences from those described usingFIG. 2awill be mainly described.

Referring toFIGS. 13 to 15, the semiconductor device according to some embodiments may further include an interfacial film300disposed between the first electrode100and the second electrode110.

The interfacial film300may be in contact with the first ferroelectric film210. The interfacial film300may include a conductive material. For example, the thickness of the interfacial film300may be smaller than or equal to 1 nm. The interfacial film300may promote formation of the first ferroelectric film210as an orthorhombic crystal system.

The interfacial film300may include, for example, at least one of nitride or oxide of cobalt (Co), titanium (Ti), tantalum (Ta), niobium (Nb), molybdenum (Mo), and tin (Sn). Alternatively, the interfacial film300may include at least one of ruthenium (Ru) or ruthenium oxide.

InFIG. 13, the interfacial film300may be disposed between the first electrode100and the first ferroelectric film210. The interfacial film300may be in contact with the first ferroelectric film210.

InFIG. 14, the interfacial film300may be disposed between the first ferroelectric film210and the first paraelectric film260. The interfacial film300may be in contact with the first ferroelectric film210.

InFIG. 15, the interfacial film300may be disposed in the first ferroelectric film210. The first ferroelectric film210may be divided into a first portion210aof the first ferroelectric film and a second portion210bof the first ferroelectric film, by the interfacial film300. The interfacial film300may be in contact with the first portion210aof the first ferroelectric film and the second portion210bof the first ferroelectric film.

InFIGS. 13 to 15, although there is a single interfacial film300being in contact with the first ferroelectric film210, the embodiments are not limited thereto. That is, the interfacial film300being in contact with the first ferroelectric film210may be disposed at a plurality of positions, and at least one or more interfacial films300may be included.

FIG. 16is a diagram illustrating the semiconductor device according to some embodiments. For convenience of explanation, differences from those described inFIG. 2awill be mainly described.

Referring toFIG. 16, the semiconductor device according to some embodiments may further include a third electrode120.

The third electrode120may be disposed between the first electrode100and the second electrode110. More specifically, the third electrode120may be disposed between the first ferroelectric film210and the first paraelectric film260.

The third electrode120may include, for example, but is not limited to, a doped semiconductor material, a conductive metal nitride (e.g., titanium nitride, tantalum nitride, niobium nitride or tungsten nitride), a metal (e.g., ruthenium, iridium, titanium or tantalum), and conductive metal oxides (e.g., iridium oxide or niobium oxide).

FIGS. 17 and 18are diagrams illustrating the semiconductor device according to some embodiments. For convenience of explanation, differences from those described usingFIG. 2awill be mainly described.

Referring toFIG. 17, the semiconductor device according to some embodiments may further include a paraelectric protection layer351.

The paraelectric protection layer351may be disposed between the first electrode100and the second electrode110. The paraelectric protection layer351may be disposed between the second electrode110and the first capacitor dielectric film200.

For example, the paraelectric protection layer351may be disposed between the second electrode110and the first paraelectric film260. The paraelectric protection layer351may reduce or prevent the oxygen atoms contained in the first paraelectric film260from moving to the second electrode110.

The paraelectric protection layer351may include metal oxide or metal nitride. The paraelectric protection layer351may include, for example, at least one of titanium oxide, tantalum oxide, molybdenum oxide, tin oxide, niobium nitride, and niobium oxide. The thickness of the paraelectric film protection layer351may be, for example, 0.5 nm or more and 1 nm or less.

Referring toFIG. 18, the semiconductor device according to some embodiments may further include a ferroelectric protection layer352.

The ferroelectric protection layer352may be disposed between the first electrode100and the second electrode110. The ferroelectric protection layer352may be disposed between the first electrode100and the first capacitor dielectric film200.

For example, the ferroelectric protection layer352may be disposed between the first electrode100and the first ferroelectric film210. The ferroelectric protection layer352may reduce or prevent oxygen atoms contained in the first ferroelectric film210from moving to the first electrode100.

The ferroelectric protection layer352may include metal oxide or metal nitride. The ferroelectric protection layer352may include, for example, at least one of titanium oxide, tantalum oxide, molybdenum oxide, tin oxide, niobium nitride, and niobium oxide. The thickness of the ferroelectric protection layer352may be, for example, 0.5 nm or more and 1 nm or less.

Unlike the case illustrated inFIGS. 17 and 18, the semiconductor device according to some embodiments may, of course, include both the paraelectric protection layer351and the ferroelectric protection layer352.

FIG. 19is a layout diagram schematically illustrating an arrangement of cell capacitors of the semiconductor device according to some embodiments.FIG. 20is a cross-sectional view taken along a line I-I ofFIG. 19.

Referring toFIG. 19, the semiconductor device according to some embodiments may include a plurality of cell capacitors arranged along a first direction DR1and a second direction DR2.

Each cell capacitor may correspond to the capacitor CA ofFIG. 1. The plurality of cell capacitors may include a first cell capacitor CA1and a second cell capacitor CA2adjacent to each other.

AlthoughFIG. 19illustrates that the first direction DR1and the second direction DR2are not directions orthogonal to each other, the present inventive concepts are not limited thereto.

InFIG. 19, each cell capacitor is illustrated to be circular from the viewpoint of the plan view, but the embodiments are not limited thereto.

Referring toFIGS. 19 and 20, the semiconductor device according to some embodiments may include a first lower electrode410, a second lower electrode411, a second capacitor dielectric film420, and/or an upper electrode430.

The first cell capacitor CA1includes a first lower electrode410, a second capacitor dielectric film420, and/or an upper electrode430, and the second cell capacitor CA2may include a second lower electrode411, a second capacitor dielectric film420and/or an upper electrode430.

For example, the first cell capacitor CA1and the second cell capacitor CA2may be divided by the first lower electrode410and the second lower electrode411. The second capacitor dielectric film420and the upper electrode430may be shared by the first cell capacitor CA1and the second cell capacitor CA2.

The first lower electrode410and the second lower electrode411may be formed on the substrate400. The substrate400may be bulk silicon or silicon-on-insulator (SOI). Unlike this, the substrate400may be a silicon substrate or may include other materials, for example, but is not limited to, silicon germanium, silicon germanium on insulator (SGOI), indium antimonide, lead tellurium compound, indium arsenide, indium phosphide, gallium arsenide or gallium antimonide.

On the substrate400, for example, unit elements necessary for the operation of the semiconductor device, such as various types of active elements and passive elements, may be formed. The unit elements may be, for example, cell transistors such as a DRAM.

An interlayer insulating film403covering the unit elements may be formed on the substrate400. First and second storage node contacts405and406for electrically connecting each of the unit elements to the first lower electrode410and the second lower electrode411may be formed in the interlayer insulating film403. The first lower electrode410is electrically connected to the conductive regions included in the unit element by the first storage node contact405, and the second lower electrode411may be electrically connected to the conductive regions included in the unit elements by the second storage node contact406.

The interlayer insulating film403may include, for example, one of silicon oxide, silicon oxynitride, silicon nitride, and combinations thereof. The first and second storage node contacts405and406may include, for example, at least one of an impurity-doped semiconductor material, a conductive silicide compound, a conductive metal nitride, and a metal.

The first lower electrode410and the second lower electrode411may be formed on the interlayer insulating film403. The first lower electrode410and the second lower electrode411may have a plate-like shape extending in parallel with the upper surface of the substrate400.

The second capacitor dielectric film420may be formed on the first lower electrode410and the second lower electrode411. The second capacitor dielectric film420may extend along the profiles of the first lower electrode410and the second lower electrode411, and the upper surface of the interlayer insulating film403.

The second capacitor dielectric film420may include a lower capacitor dielectric film421and an upper capacitor dielectric film426sequentially stacked in the third direction DR3.

The upper electrode430may be formed on the second capacitor dielectric film420.

As an example, the first lower electrode410and the second lower electrode411correspond to the first electrode100described usingFIGS. 1 to 18, and the upper electrode430may correspond to the second electrode110described usingFIGS. 1 to 18.

The second capacitor dielectric film420may correspond to the first capacitor dielectric film200described usingFIGS. 1 to 18. For example, the lower capacitor dielectric film421may correspond to first to third ferroelectric films (210,211and212ofFIGS. 1 to 8) exhibiting the characteristics of the ferroelectric material. The upper capacitor dielectric film426may correspond to the first and second paraelectric films (260, and261ofFIGS. 1 to 8) exhibiting the characteristics of the paraelectric material.

The lower capacitor dielectric film421may be substantially the same as the description of one of the first to third ferroelectric films (210,211and212ofFIGS. 1 to 8). The description of the upper capacitor dielectric film426may be substantially the same as the description of one of the first and second paraelectric films (260and261ofFIGS. 1 to 8).

As another example, the first lower electrode410and the second lower electrode411may correspond to the second electrode110described usingFIGS. 1 to 18, and the upper electrode430may correspond to the first electrode100described usingFIGS. 1 to 18.

The second capacitor dielectric film420may correspond to the first capacitor dielectric film200described usingFIGS. 1 to 18. For example, the lower capacitor dielectric film421may correspond to the first and second paraelectric films (260and261ofFIGS. 1 to 8) exhibiting the characteristics of the paraelectric material. The upper capacitor dielectric film426may correspond to the first to third ferroelectric films (210,211and212ofFIGS. 1 to 8) exhibiting the characteristics of the ferroelectric material.

The lower capacitor dielectric film421may be substantially the same as the description of one of the first and second paraelectric films (260and261ofFIGS. 1 to 8). The upper capacitor dielectric film426may be substantially the same as the description of one of the first to third ferroelectric films (210,211and212ofFIGS. 1 to 8).

InFIG. 20, the second capacitor dielectric film420is illustrated as including the lower capacitor dielectric film421and the upper capacitor dielectric film426, but the embodiments are not limited thereto. Of course, the second capacitor dielectric film420may have the same structure as the first capacitor dielectric film ofFIGS. 9 to 12.

In addition, the first cell capacitor CA1and the second cell capacitor CA2may further include the interfacial film300ofFIGS. 13 to 15. Alternatively, the first cell capacitor CA1and the second cell capacitor CA2may include the third electrode120ofFIG. 16. Alternatively, the first cell capacitor CA1and the second cell capacitor CA2may include the protection layers351and352ofFIGS. 17 and 18.

FIGS. 21 and 22are diagrams illustrating the semiconductor device according to some embodiments. For convenience of explanation, differences from those described usingFIGS. 19 and 20will be mainly described. For reference,FIGS. 21 and 22may be cross-sectional views taken along line I-I ofFIG. 19, respectively.

Referring toFIG. 21, in the semiconductor device according to some embodiments, each of the first lower electrode410and the second lower electrode411may have a rod-like pillar shape extending long in the third direction DR3.

The second capacitor dielectric film420may be formed along an outer sidewall of the first lower electrode410and an outer sidewall of the second lower electrode411.

Although not illustrated, an electrode support for connecting the first lower electrode410and the second lower electrode411may be further formed.

Referring toFIG. 22, in the semiconductor device according to some embodiments, each of the first lower electrode410and the second lower electrode411may have a cylinder shape.

Each of the first lower electrode410and the second lower electrode411may include a sidewall portion extending in the third direction DR3, and a bottom portion parallel to the upper surface of the substrate400.

The second capacitor dielectric film420may extend along the profiles of the first lower electrode410and the second lower electrode411. The second capacitor dielectric film420may extend along the inner sidewall and the outer sidewall of the sidewall portion of the first lower electrode410, and the inner sidewall and the outer sidewall of the sidewall portion of the second lower electrode411.

Although not illustrated, an electrode support for connecting the first lower electrode410and the second lower electrode411may be further formed.

FIG. 23ais a layout diagram schematically illustrating an arrangement of cell capacitors of the semiconductor device according to some embodiments.FIG. 23bis a diagram illustrating that the capacitor dielectric film and the upper electrode are removed fromFIG. 23a.FIGS. 24 to 26are cross-sectional views taken along the lines II-II, III-III and IV-IV ofFIG. 23a, respectively. For convenience of explanation, differences from those described with reference toFIGS. 19 and 20will be mainly described. Referring toFIG. 23a, the semiconductor device according to some embodiments may include a plurality of cell capacitors arranged along a first direction DR1and a fourth direction DR4.

Although the first direction DR1and the fourth direction DR4are illustrated as directions orthogonal to each other inFIG. 23a, the embodiments are not limited thereto.

Although each cell capacitor is illustrated to be rectangular from the viewpoint of plan view inFIG. 23a, the embodiments are not limited thereto.

Referring toFIGS. 23ato26, the semiconductor device according to some embodiments may further include a first insulation pattern440and a second insulation pattern441.

The first insulation pattern440and the second insulation pattern441may be formed on the substrate400. The first insulation pattern440and the second insulation pattern441are disposed on the upper surface of the interlayer insulating film403. The first insulation pattern440is separated from the second insulation pattern441. The first insulation pattern440is adjacent to the second insulation pattern441.

The first insulation pattern440includes a first sidewall440saand a second sidewall440sbadjacent to each other. The first insulation pattern440includes an upper surface440uconnected to the first sidewall440saof the first insulation pattern and the second sidewall440sbof the first insulation pattern. The first sidewall440saof the first insulation pattern may be connected to the second sidewall440sbof the first insulation pattern.

The second insulation pattern441includes a first sidewall441saand a second sidewall441sbadjacent to each other. The second insulation pattern441includes an upper surface441uconnected to the first sidewall441saof the second insulation pattern and the second sidewall441sbof the second insulation pattern. The first sidewall441saof the second insulation pattern may be connected to the second sidewall441sbof the second insulation pattern.

The second sidewall441sbof the second insulation pattern may face the second sidewall440sbof the first insulation pattern.

The first insulation pattern440and the second insulation pattern441may each include, for example, silicon oxide, silicon oxynitride, silicon nitride, and combinations thereof.

The first lower electrode410may extend along the first sidewall440saof the first insulation pattern. However, the first lower electrode410does not extend along the second sidewall440sbof the first insulation pattern. The first lower electrode410includes a portion extending in parallel to the upper surface of the substrate400. Alternatively, the first lower electrode410includes a portion extending along the upper surface of the interlayer insulating film403.

The second lower electrode411may extend along the first sidewall441aof the second insulation pattern. However, the second lower electrode411does not extend along the second sidewall441sbof the second insulation pattern. The second lower electrode411includes a portion extending in parallel to the upper surface of the substrate400. Alternatively, the second lower electrode411includes a portion extending along the upper surface of the interlayer insulating film403.

The first lower electrode410and the second lower electrode411are not formed on the second sidewall440sbof the first insulation pattern and the second sidewall441sbof the second insulation pattern facing each other.

The second capacitor dielectric film420may be formed on the first lower electrode410and the second lower electrode411. The second capacitor dielectric film420extends along the first lower electrode410and the second lower electrode411.

The second capacitor dielectric film420extends along the second sidewall440sbof the first insulation pattern and the second sidewall441sbof the second insulation pattern in which the first lower electrode410and the second lower electrode411are not formed. The second capacitor dielectric film420extends along the upper surface440uof the first insulation pattern and the upper surface441uof the second insulation pattern.

In concluding the detailed description, those skilled in the art will appreciate that many variations and modifications may be made to the disclosed embodiments without substantially departing from the principles of the present inventive concepts. Therefore, the disclosed embodiments of the present inventive concepts are used in a generic and descriptive sense only and not for purposes of limitation.