Fine adjustment system of finishing head in a printing, duplicating and like machine

A system for adjusting a finishing head relative to an impression cylinder in a printing, duplicating and like machine wherein copy sheets are fed through a printing couple and then to a finishing couple which includes the impression cylinder. The finishing head includes a finishing wheel for penetrating a copy sheet on the impression cylinder, and the head is mounted on a bar which is rotatably mounted between side frame plates of the machine. A preliminary adjusting mechanism is provided between the head and the bar for preliminarily adjusting the position of the finishing wheel relative to the bar. The bar is removably mounted between the side frame plates so that the preliminary adjustment can be made away from the machine. A very fine adjusting system is provided on the machine, operatively associated with the bar and including a dial on the outside of one of the side frame plates to provide fine adjustment of the finishing wheel while the machine is operating. A lateral adjusting mechanism is mounted on one of the side frame plates and is operatively associated with the bar for adjustably moving the bar longitudinally and thereby adjusting the finishing wheel axially of the impression cylinder.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION 
This invention generally relates to printing or duplicating machines and, 
more particularly, to a system for providing very fine adjustment of a 
finishing head which performs such functions as perforating, scoring and 
embossing the copy sheets. 
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
Printing machines normally include a printing couple which comprises a 
number of cylinders and/or rollers such as impression cylinders, master 
cylinders and blanket cylinders which form the printing couples of the 
machine. An ink system also includes various form rollers, ductor rollers, 
transfer rollers and the like for feeding ink to the various cylinders of 
the printing couple. In such printing machines as rotary offset 
lithographic duplicating machines, a moisture system also is provided and 
includes rollers similar to the ink system for feeding moisture to the 
printing couple. After printing, the sheets are fed to some form of sheet 
receiving means at an exit end of the machine for stacking copy sheets 
issuing from the machine. 
Some machines of the character described also include a finishing couple 
which, itself, includes an impression cylinder along with other cylinders 
or drums for performing various operations on the copy sheets after they 
have issued from the printing couple and before the sheets are fed to the 
receiving means at the exit end of the machine. Specifically, the printing 
couple may perforate the copy sheets along perforation lines, either 
"horizontally" or "vertically", or selectively emboss the copy sheets, or 
score (slit) the copy sheets, or sequentially number the copy sheets. All 
such operations normally are performed on the sheets after they have 
issued from the printing couple. 
A common example of such operations is a normal bank checkbook wherein each 
check is sequentially numbered and also includes a perforation line for 
tearing the checks out of the book. The checks also are imprinted with the 
bank's number or code as well as the individual's bank account number. 
These operations are termed "finishing" operations, because the checks 
themselves are printed with standard formats for all checks and, often, 
include a standard design selected from a given group of designs, with the 
format and the particular design being on a permanent master which prints 
the checks in the printing couple before reaching the finishing couple. 
A major problem with finishing systems of the character described above, is 
the inability to efficiently adjust some of the finishing heads which 
perform the finishing operations. Most often, adjustments must be made 
within the machine and must be made while the machine is shut down. Even 
if a fine adjusting means is provided, an operator, often pressed for 
time, will ignore poor quality finishing operations because of the 
inefficiency of most systems. 
An example of a poor quality finishing operation is where the copy sheets 
must be perforated or scored along a horizontal or vertical line. This is 
performed by a perforating or scoring wheel which penetrates the copy 
sheets on the impression cylinder. Practically everyone has experienced 
poor quality perforations where it is difficult to tear an individual 
sheet from a "book" of sheets along an inadequate perforation line without 
tearing into the body of the sheet itself. Bank checkbooks, above, is one 
example, as is an ordinary tablet of writing paper. Just the opposite, 
perforations may be excessive and result in the sheets tearing along a 
perforation line too easily when an individual wishes to write on the 
check or tablet sheet while it still is in book form. The significance of 
fine adjustment of such finishing operations can be understood when 
considering the very small thickness of the sheets themselves which 
actually define the range of adjustment. 
This invention is directed to solving these problems by providing a new and 
improved, very fine adjustment system of a finishing head in a printing, 
duplicating and like machine, including an ability to make adjustments 
from outside the machine while the machine is operating. 
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
An object, therefore, of the invention is to provide an adjusting system 
for a finishing head in a printing, duplicating and like machine. 
The printing or duplicating machine is of a type wherein copy sheets are 
fed through a printing couple and then to a finishing couple which 
includes an impression cylinder rotatably mounted on appropriate shaft 
means extending between spaced side frame plates of the machine. The 
adjusting system includes means for adjusting the finishing head in a 
direction transverse to the impression cylinder and its shaft means to 
bury the depth at which a finishing wheel on the head penetrates a copy 
sheet on the impression cylinder. 
As disclosed herein, a bar is rotatably mounted between the side frame 
plates of the machine. The finishing head is mounted on the bar so that 
its finishing wheel is in position to engage a copy sheet on the 
impression cylinder. This positioning is accomplished by a preliminary 
adjusting means between the finishing head and the bar. 
Fine adjusting of the finishing head and finishing wheel is accomplished by 
a system which includes a lever fixed to the bar and extending 
transversely outwardly therefrom. An adjusting shaft is engageable with 
the lever at location spaced from the bar. The adjusting shaft is 
threadedly mounted on the machine to move the lever and rotate the bar in 
response to rotation of the shaft whereby a very fine adjustment of the 
finishing wheel relative to the impression cylinder is achieved through 
the pitch of the shaft threads and a movement reduction of the lever 
means. 
Preferably, the adjusting shaft is mounted outside of one of the side frame 
plates of the machine and includes a dial for rotating the shaft while the 
machine is operating. 
Another feature of the invention is the provision of lateral adjusting 
means mounted on one of the side frame plates and operatively associated 
with the bar for adjustably moving the bar longitudinally and thereby 
adjusting the finishing wheel axially of the impression cylinder. 
Other objects, features and advantages of the invention will be apparent 
from the following detailed description taken in connection with the 
accompanying drawings.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT 
Referring to the drawings in greater detail, and first to FIG. 1, the 
invention is disclosed in conjunction with a printing, copying or 
duplicating machine, such as a rotary offset lithographic duplicating 
machine, generally designated 10. The machine may include one or more 
printing couples, located in the areas generally designated 12 and from 
which copy sheets are delivered by appropriate conveyor means to some form 
of sheet receiving means at an exit end of the machine, shown in full 
lines generally at 14. As stated above, some such machines include a 
finishing couple for performing various finishing operations on the copy 
sheets after they issue from the printing couples. The finishing couple is 
located in the general area 16 of the machine, between printing couples 12 
and exiting end 14. The machine has an outer aesthetic covering 18 which 
not only provides a pleasing appearance for the machine, but covers many 
of the operative components of the machine, such as the gears, linkages, 
etc. for safety purposes. FIG. 1 schematically shows a door 20 for gaining 
access to the fine adjusting means of the invention, as described 
hereinafter. 
FIG. 2 shows a finishing couple, generally designated 22, for performing 
various finishing operations on the copy sheets as they issue from the 
printing couple or couples. The sheets will issue onto an impression 
cylinder 24 which carries the sheets in the direction of arrow "A" and to 
a transfer drum 26 which then transfers the sheets in the direction of 
arrow "B" to a conveyor means, such as a chain delivery device, which 
delivers the sheets to a stacking tray (not shown) at exiting end 14 (FIG. 
1) of the machine. 
One form of operation which may be performed by finishing couple 22 is to 
"horizontally" perforate or score the copy sheets. This is done by a drum 
28 which rotates in the direction of arrow "C" to bring an elongated, 
horizontal perforating or scoring bar 30 into engagement with the sheets 
as they move seriatim with and on the periphery of impression cylinder 24. 
The term "horizontal" is meant to mean in the axial direction of 
impression cylinder 24 which is mounted on a horizontal shaft 32. Another 
operation that can be performed by finishing couple 22 is to sequentially 
number the copy sheets with one or more series of numerical indicia. This 
is performed by a numbering cylinder 34 having a plurality of indexable 
numbering heads 36 spaced angularly thereabout for imprinting numbers on 
the copy sheets moving about impression cylinder 24. An example of a 
numbering system and the exiting end of the machine is shown in my 
co-pending U.S. patent application Ser. No. 420,944 which is assigned to 
the assignee of this invention, which is being filed contemporaneously 
herewith and which is incorporated herein by reference. Numbering heads 36 
receive ink from an ink unit, generally designated 38, which is shown 
schematically to include an ink fountain 38a, a fountain roller 38b, a 
ductor roller 38c and various other rollers for feeding the ink to a pair 
of form rollers 38d which apply the ink to the numbering heads 36. 
FIG. 2 also shows a vertical perforating or scoring head, generally 
designated 40, which includes a perforating or scoring wheel 42 for 
perforating or scoring copy sheets moving with the periphery of impression 
cylinder 24. As with the term "horizontal", the term "vertical" means that 
the perforation or score lines are cut in an actual vertical direction 
relative to the machine and the horizontal axis 32 of impression cylinder 
24. FIG. 3 shows that vertical perforating or scoring head 40 is mounted 
on a bar 44 which extends transversely across the machine generally 
parallel to impression cylinder 24 and generally between numbering 
cylinder 34 and transfer drum 26. Wheel 42 is shown in FIG. 3 to include 
perforating cutters 46 which actually cut closely spaced holes into the 
copy sheets, as is known. Therefore, wheel 42 and head 40 may be described 
hereinafter as a "perforating" wheel or head, with the understanding that 
such a wheel on head 40 could be a scoring wheel with a continuous 
peripheral edge to cut or slit the paper or a "dull" wheel to emboss the 
paper and, therefore, the wheel and head actually can perform various 
finishing functions besides perforating the copy sheets. 
Finishing head 40 is shown in FIG. 3 to include a top plate 48 and a pair 
of side plates 50 for embracing bar 44 somewhat loosely. Interior bearing 
plates 52a and 52b are disposed between side plates 50 and bar 44. The 
right-hand (as viewed in the drawing) side plate 50 has a pair of sockets 
54 for receiving a pair of coil springs 56 which take up the slack or 
looseness of the aforesaid fit. An adjusting screw 58 is threaded through 
an extension block 60 fixed to the left-hand plate 50, as at 62 A knurled 
knob 63 is fixed to the outer distal end of adjusting screw 58 for 
manually rotating the screw. The inner distal end of the screw abuts 
against bearing plate 52a. A lock nut 65 also is threaded onto screw 58. 
Still further, a serrated ratchet wheel 66 is fixed to the shaft and 
sandwiched between lock nut 65 and extension block 60. 
With the construction of finishing head 40 described immediately above, 
rotation of knurled knob 63 and screw 58 is effective to adjust finishing 
wheel 42 in the direction of double-headed arrow "D". Specifically, lock 
nut 64 is loosened to permit rotation of screw 58. Rotation of the screw 
causes plates 48 and 50 to move transversely, i.e., in the direction of 
arrow "D" against or with the biasing of springs 56 against bearing plate 
52b which engages bar 40. In other words, the entire assembly moves 
transverse to bar 40 except, of course, for bearing plates 52a, 52b. The 
affect of the adjustment is to adjust the distance between finishing wheel 
42 (perforating means 46 if it is a perforating wheel) and the surface of 
impression cylinder 24 as described in relation to FIG. 2. Double-headed 
arrow "D" is shown in FIG. 2 in order to facilitate correlation of the 
figures Once proper adjustment is made, lock nut 64 is tightened against 
serrated wheel 64 to lock screw 58 in its position of rotatable 
adjustment. During operation, the head still can move relative to bar 44 
because of the spring loading afforded by springs 56 in order to 
compensate for any irregularity in impression cylinder 24. In other words, 
the extreme position of head 40 and wheel 42 in the direction of the 
impression cylinder is fixed by the abutment of adjusting screw 58 with 
bearing plate 52a. However, the finishing head and wheel can yield against 
springs 56 should there be some form of irregularity in the impression 
cylinder. 
Referring to FIG. 4 in conjunction with FIG. 3, a side block 68 is fixed to 
extension block 60 and includes a spring-loaded detent 70 which is biased 
into engagement with the periphery of serrated wheel 66, the serrations on 
the wheel being shown as teeth 72 in the enlarged depiction of FIG. 4. 
Therefore, as threaded screw 58 is rotated by knob 64, a "clicking" type 
indexing of the adjustable rotation is provided. 
After finishing head 40 and finishing wheel 42 are preliminarily adjusted 
on bar 44, a very fine adjusting system is provided for use during 
operation of the machine. This enables an operator to proof sheets at the 
exiting end of the machine and to very easily adjust the perforating, 
scoring or embossing action on the copy sheets by the fine adjusting 
system shown in FIG. 5. 
More particularly, an adjusting shaft 74 has a threaded portion 74a 
threaded through a fixed block 76 on a side frame plate 78 of the machine. 
It should be understood that most such machines have substantial side 
frame plates extending along each side of the machine, enclosed by cover 
18 (FIG. 1) and to which many of the operative components of the machine 
are mounted or journaled. One of the side plates 78 is shown in FIG. 5. A 
distal end 74b of adjusting shaft 74 abuts against a lever 80 fixed by a 
stub shaft 82 which extends outwardly through side frame plate 78 from a 
larger diameter stub shaft 84 located inside of the side frame plate. The 
stub shafts define the pivot point for lever 80. The lever is held into 
engagement with distal end 74b of adjusting shaft 74 by a spring 86, the 
tension in the spring being adjustable by a rod 90 which is threaded 
through a block 92 fixed to side frame plate 78. A knurled knob 94 is 
provided on the outer end of threaded rod 90 for adjusting the tension in 
the spring. 
A calibrated knob or wheel 96 is fixed to the outer end of adjusting shaft 
74, the wheel being serrated to define a given number of teeth 98 as shown 
in FIG. 6. To be precise, as shown by numbered indicia 100 in FIG. 5, 
there are precisely thirty-two teeth 98 about the periphery of wheel 96. 
Although not visible in FIG. 5, a detent rod 102 is threaded into a frame 
block 104, with a spring loaded ball 106 on an end of the rod for 
engagement between teeth 98. This provides a ratcheting type "clicking" 
feel for an operator in rotating wheel 96 so that the number of teeth can 
be counted for purposes described hereinafter. 
Referring to FIG. 8, in conjunction with FIG. 5, finishing head 40 and 
finishing wheel 42 are shown somewhat schematically mounted on bar 44 as 
described in relation to FIG. 3. The position of the head relative to 
impression cylinder 24 also can be seen in FIG. 8 and correlated with FIG. 
2. Enlarged stub shaft 84 (described in relation to FIG. 5) is shown 
seated in a semi-cylindrical saddle 108 in a bracket block 110. As seen in 
FIG. 9, in conjunction with FIG. 8, bracket block 110, in turn, seats in 
an arcuate saddle 112 in a bracket 114 fixed to the inside of side frame 
plate 78 on the side of the frame plate opposite that shown in FIG. 5. It 
also can be seen in FIGS. 8 and 9 that bar 44 which mounts finishing head 
40 extends through bracket block 110. It should be understood that an 
identical bracket assembly, including bracket block 110 and bracket 114, 
are provided on the opposite end of bar 44 on the inside of the opposite 
side frame plate of the machine. 
With the above description of FIGS. 5, 8 and 9, it can be understood that 
rotation of adjusting shaft 74 by an operator grasping toothed wheel 96 
will cause lever 80 to pivot in the direction of double-headed arrow "E" 
with stub shaft 82 which projects through side frame plate 78. This also 
can be seen in FIG. 9. As the lever pivots, the enlarged stub shaft 84 
(FIGS. 8 and 9) which is fixed in saddle 108 of bracket block 110 will 
cause the bracket block and bar 44 to rotate in the direction of 
double-headed arrow "F". It should be noted in FIG. 9 that saddle 112 in 
bracket 114 is spaced below the bottom of bracket block 110 and, 
therefore, does not interfere with rotation of the block and bar 44. The 
purpose of this spacing will be described hereinafter. Rotation of bracket 
block 112 and bar 44 in the direction of double-headed arrow "F" causes 
finishing wheel 42 to move in the direction of double-headed arrow "G" 
relative to impression cylinder 24 as shown in FIG. 8. In essence, the 
periphery of the finishing wheel is located in a position that it moves 
generally tangentially of the surface of impression cylinder 24 but very 
slightly intersects the tangent. This positioning is established by the 
preliminary adjustment described in relation to FIG. 3 as indicated by 
double-headed arrow "D" in that figure and also in FIG. 8. In most 
machines heretofore available, that is the only adjustment provided. 
However, the fine adjustment of the invention provided by the system 
described in relation to FIGS. 5, 8 and 9 affords an extremely fine, final 
adjustment and can be performed during operation of the machine because 
dial 96 (FIG. 5) is located outside the machine, i.e., on the outside of 
side frame plate 58. Access can be afforded to the adjusting dial through 
door 20 (FIG. 1) of the machine. 
For instance, using some approximations, exemplary dimensions and given 
parameters, it can be shown that one "click" of dial 96, which is 
equivalent to one toothed movement of detent ball 106 (FIG. 6), can effect 
as small an adjustment as 0.0001 inch (or 0.0025 mm) of finishing wheel 42 
toward and away from the surface of impression cylinder, i.e., penetration 
of a copy sheet. This can be calculated by providing threaded portion 74a 
of adjusting shaft 74 with a pitch whereby there are twenty threads per 
inch. In other words, one revolution of dial 96 to effect one revolution 
of adjusting shaft 74 is equal to 0.05 inch linear movement of the shaft. 
Since there are thirty-two teeth on dial 96, and dividing 0.05 inch by the 
thirty-two teeth equals 0.0015 inch linear movement of the adjusting shaft 
per one "toothed" rotation of dial 96. Assuming that the distance between 
the point at which adjusting shaft 74 engages lever 80 is three inches 
below the pivot point for the lever, as indicated at 116 in FIG. 5, the 
motion reduction of the lever to the pivot point converts the 0.0015 inch 
linear movement of the shaft to 0.0005 inch, keeping in mind that these 
calculations are approximations and for illustration purposes only. 
Taking the motion reduction a step further, and referring to FIG. 8, 
assuming that the distance of the pivot point of lever 80 to a tangent 
point of impression cylinder 24 is 2.5 inch, as indicated at 118, dividing 
the 0.0005 figure by the 2.5 inch distance results in a further motion 
reduction to 0.0002 inch (or 0.005 mm) per "click" on dial 96. Since the 
movement of finishing wheel 42 is along a tangent of the surface of 
impression cylinder 24, the motion reduction is reduced still further by 
approximately one-half, because we are adjusting the wheel perpendicular 
to the impression cylinder to adjust the depth the wheel penetrates the 
copy sheet. Consequently, this fifty percent reduction results in a 
transverse movement relative to the impression cylinder of 0.0001 inch (or 
0.0025 mm), for a single incremental rotation of dial 96 as defined by its 
thirty-two teeth 98. As stated, these dimensions and/or parameters may be 
approximations, but they emphatically show the extremely fine adjustment 
that is achieved by the drive train between the dial and the finishing 
wheel as effected by the threaded adjusting shaft 74 and the lever 
arrangement of the drive train. 
FIG. 7 shows another feature of the invention wherein finishing head 40 and 
finishing wheel 42 is adjustable longitudinally along bar 44, i.e., 
generally parallel to impression cylinder 24, as indicated by 
double-headed arrow "H" in FIG. 7. Before proceeding, it should be 
understood that enlarged stub shaft 84 has been removed from the view so 
that the depiction is looking down into saddle 108 in bracket block 108. 
Specifically, a threaded adjusting shaft 120 extends through a block 122 
fixed to side frame plate 78. The shaft is threaded through a nonrotatable 
nut 123 captured in an opening 123a in block 122. A knob 124 is provided 
to facilitate manual rotation of shaft 122, and a knurled locking wheel 
126 is threaded onto the shaft for locking against block 122 to hold the 
shaft in any position of adjustment. Threaded adjusting shaft 122 extends 
freely through an enlarged aperture 126 in lever 80 (see FIG. 5) and 
through a bore 128 in side frame plate 78. Enlarged aperture 126 allows 
movement of the lever without interference by the shaft. The lever also 
extends through an enlarged opening 130 in block 122 and can move freely 
therewithin. The inner distal end 132 of shaft 120 is captured within a 
recess 134 in bracket block 110 in such a manner that axial movement of 
the shaft moves the bracket block in the direction of double-headed arrow 
"H". 
Lastly, referring to FIGS. 8 and 9, it can be seen that a long bolt 140 
having a threaded 142 is threaded entirely through enlarged stub shaft 84, 
bracket block 110 and into bar 44, to hold all of those components 
together for rotation in the direction of double-headed arrow "F" in 
response to movement of lever 80. 
It will be understood that the invention may be embodied in other specific 
forms without departing from the spirit or central characteristics 
thereof. The present examples and embodiments, therefore, are to be 
considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, and the 
invention is not to be limited to the details given herein.