POWER AMPLIFICATION DEVICE AND AN RF CIRCUIT MODULE

A power amplification device includes a first member in which a first circuit is formed, a second member in which a second circuit is formed, and a member-member connection conductor that electrically connects the first circuit and the second circuit to each other. The second member is mounted on the first member. The second circuit includes a first amplifier, which amplifies a radio frequency signal to output a first amplified signal. The first circuit includes a control circuit that controls an operation of the second circuit. At least part of a first termination circuit, which is connected to the first amplifier through the member-member connection conductor and which attenuates a harmonic wave component of the first amplified signal, is formed in the first member.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION

This application claims benefit of priority to Japanese Patent Application No. 2020-209635, filed Dec. 17, 2020, the entire content of which is incorporated herein by reference.

BACKGROUND

Technical Field

The present disclosure relates to a power amplification device and a radio frequency (RF) circuit module.

Background Art

Hitherto, an RF front end unit that has both of a transmission function and a reception function for radio frequency signals has been incorporated into an electronic device for, for example, mobile communications or satellite communication. The RF front end unit is constituted by, for example, a radio frequency amplifier, a control integrated circuit (IC), a switch IC, and a duplexer, which are mounted on a package substrate. The control integrated circuit (IC) controls the radio frequency amplifier. The entirety of the RF front end unit is sealed with resin.

The radio frequency amplifier is, for example, a monolithic microwave IC (MMIC) formed on a gallium arsenide (GaAs) substrate. The control IC and the switch IC are, for example, MMICs formed on a silicon (Si) substrate. These are mounted separately from each other on the surface of the package substrate.

In contrast, U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2015/0303971 discloses a structure in which, for example, a control IC is stacked on a radio frequency amplifier, and these are connected to electrodes on a package substrate by wire bonding to reduce the size of the package substrate.

U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2015/0303971 discloses a structure in which a heterojunction bipolar transistor (HBT) die on which the radio frequency amplifier is formed and a Si die on which the control IC is formed are stacked and provided on a laminated substrate. An output matching circuit and a band selection switch are stacked and provided on the laminated substrate at a different position from the position where the HBT die and the Si die are provided. An amplified signal that is a signal amplified by the radio frequency amplifier is transmitted to the band selection switch through the output matching circuit.

However, with such a configuration, a harmonic wave of the amplified signal may be emitted from a wiring line routed from the radio frequency amplifier to the output matching circuit. The emitted harmonic wave enters another device and acts as noise, and thus a technology for suppressing entering of a harmonic wave into another device is desired.

SUMMARY

The present disclosure has been made in light of such circumstances, and the present disclosure provides a power amplification device and an RF circuit module that suppress entering of a harmonic wave included in an amplified signal that is a signal amplified by an amplifier into another device.

A power amplification device according to an aspect of the present disclosure includes a first member in which a first circuit is formed, a second member in which a second circuit is formed, and a member-member connection conductor that electrically connects the first circuit and the second circuit to each other. The second member is mounted on the first member. The second circuit includes a first amplifier, which amplifies a radio frequency signal to output a first amplified signal. The first circuit includes a control circuit that controls an operation of the second circuit. At least part of a first termination circuit, which is connected to the first amplifier through the member-member connection conductor and which attenuates a harmonic wave component of the first amplified signal, is formed in the first member.

According to the present disclosure, it is possible to provide a power amplification device and an RF circuit module that suppress entering of a harmonic wave included in an amplified signal that is a signal amplified by an amplifier into another device.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

In the following, embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. Note that identical elements are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description will be omitted as much as possible.

First Embodiment

The summary of an RF circuit unit according to a first embodiment will be described.

FIG. 1Ais a plan view of an RF circuit module300.FIG. 1Bis a schematic cross-sectional view of the configuration of a cross section of the RF circuit module300illustrated inFIG. 1Aand taken along line II-II.

As illustrated inFIGS. 1A and 1B, the RF circuit module300has a power amplification device11and a mold resin313. The power amplification device11has a power amplifier (PA) circuit element301and a module board310. The PA circuit element301includes a first member110, a second member210, a first-member-side electrode113, a first conductive protrusion116(first-member-side conductive protrusion portion), a second-member-side electrode213, a second conductive protrusion216(second-member-side conductive protrusion portion), and a member-member connection conductor (not illustrated). The first conductive protrusion116includes a conductive pillar114and a solder layer115. The second conductive protrusion216includes a conductive pillar214and a solder layer215.

In the drawings, the x axis, the y axis, and the z axis may be illustrated. The x axis, the y axis, and the z axis form three dimensional right-hand rectangular coordinates. Hereinafter, the direction of the arrow represented by the z axis may be called the +z axis side, and the direction opposite the direction of the arrow may be called the −z axis side. The same substantially applies to the other axes. Note that the +z axis side and the −z axis side may also be called “upper side” and “lower side”, respectively.

The module board310is, for example, a printed circuit board (PCB) such as a glass substrate or an epoxy substrate and has a rectangular parallelepiped shape. The module board310includes substrate-side electrodes311and312for mounting parts. The mold resin313is, for example, an epoxy resin.

The thermal conductivity of the first member110is greater than that of the second member210. The second member210is thinner than the first member110. In the present embodiment, the first member110is, for example, an element semiconductor member and has a rectangular parallelepiped shape. Specifically, the first member110is manufactured in an integrated circuit process in which a semiconductor having a single group-IV component as a main component is used as a material (hereinafter also referred to as first integrated circuit process).

In this case, the semiconductor having a single group-IV component as a main component is, for example, a semiconductor having silicon (Si) as a main component. The first integrated circuit process corresponds to, for example, a complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) or a bipolar-CMOS (BiCMOS). That is, in a semiconductor having silicon (Si) as a main component, a circuit (hereinafter also referred to as first circuit) is formed in the first integrated circuit process. Note that the first member110may be manufactured in the first integrated circuit process in which a semiconductor having silicon-germanium (SiGe), carbon (C), or silicon carbide (SiC) as a main component is used as a material.

In the present embodiment, the second member210is, for example, a compound semiconductor member and has a rectangular parallelepiped shape. Specifically, the second member210is manufactured in an integrated circuit process in which a semiconductor having, as a main component, a compound of a group III element and a group V element is used as a material (hereinafter also referred to as second integrated circuit process). The semiconductor described above is, for example, a semiconductor having gallium arsenide (GaAs) as a main component. The second integrated circuit process corresponds to, for example, a GaAs heterojunction bipolar transistor (HBT) or a GaAs pseudo-morphic high electron mobility transistor (pHEMT). That is, in the semiconductor having GaAs as a main component, a circuit (hereinafter also referred to as second circuit) is formed using a GaAs HBT or a GaAs pHEMT. The second circuit includes, for example, an amplifier that amplifies an RF signal (a radio frequency signal).

Note that the second member210may be manufactured in the second integrated circuit process in which a semiconductor having indium phosphide (InP) as a main component is used as a material (for example, InP HBT or InP pHEMT) or in the second integrated circuit process in which a semiconductor having gallium nitride (GaN) as a main component is used as a material (for example, GaN HBT or GaN HEMT).

The first circuit in the first member110and the second circuit in the second member210are electrically connected to each other by a member-member connection conductor (not illustrated) without using the module board310. In the present embodiment, a form of the member-member connection conductor is, for example, a conductor formed in or on either the first member110or the second member210.

FIGS. 2A and 2Bare diagrams illustrating a manufacturing process of the RF circuit module300.FIG. 2Ais a cross-sectional view illustrating a state immediately before the PA circuit element301is mounted on the module board310.FIG. 2Bis a cross-sectional view illustrating a state where the PA circuit element301is mounted on the module board310.

A method for forming the PA circuit element301will be described later. First conductive protrusions116and second conductive protrusions216are formed on the bottom surface of the PA circuit element301. The first conductive protrusions116and the second conductive protrusions216of the PA circuit element301are aligned with the substrate-side electrodes311and the substrate-side electrodes312of the module board310, respectively, and are heated and subjected to pressing. As a result, as illustrated inFIG. 2B, the solder layers115of the first conductive protrusions116of the PA circuit element301and the solder layers215of the second conductive protrusions216of the PA circuit element301are connected to the substrate-side electrodes311and the substrate-side electrodes312, respectively.

FIG. 3is a diagram illustrating two thermal conductive paths, which are heat dissipation paths from a circuit element formed on the second member210of the RF circuit module300. InFIG. 3, broken arrows represent two thermal conductive paths. A first thermal conductive path includes a second-member-side electrode213and a second conductive protrusion216among the second conductive protrusions216, and heat generated by the circuit element is dissipated and exhausted through the first thermal conductive path to a substrate-side electrode312among the substrate-side electrodes312and the module board310. A second thermal conductive path is a thermal conductive path from the second member210in the direction toward the first member110, and heat generated by the circuit element is dissipated and exhausted through the second thermal conductive path.

FIG. 4is a diagram illustrating a method for manufacturing the PA circuit element301. Steps S1to S7inFIG. 4correspond to cross-sectional views during the manufacture of the PA circuit element301, and step S8corresponds to a cross-sectional view of the PA circuit element301that is completed. Actual manufacture is performed in units of wafer; however,FIG. 4illustrates manufacturing of a single semiconductor device.

As illustrated inFIG. 4, first, the first member110is arranged. In the first member110, for example, a circuit element and an electrode are already formed in another process. A junction layer may be formed on the surface of the first member110as appropriate using a general semiconductor process. This junction layer is a metal film such as an Au film, a polyimide (PI) film, an organic material film using for example polybenzoxazole (PBO) or benzocyclobutene (BCB), or an insulator using for example AlN, SiC, or diamond (step S1).

Next, the second member210is joined onto the first member110. In the second member210, a circuit element and an electrode are already formed in another process to be described later (step S2).

Next, through a general semiconductor process, second-member-side electrodes213are formed on the second member210, and first-member-side electrodes113are formed on the first member110. Moreover, a member-member connection conductor (not illustrated) that electrically connects the first member110to the second member210is formed. Note that, if there is no problem with the manufacturing process, the second-member-side electrodes213, the first-member-side electrodes113, and the member-member connection conductor may be simultaneously formed (step S3).

Next, a resist film119is formed so as to have openings in a region where first conductive protrusions116and second conductive protrusions216(seeFIGS. 2A and 2B) are to be formed. From each opening of the resist film119, one of the first-member-side electrodes113or one of the second-member-side electrodes213is exposed (step S4).

Next, using plating, the conductive pillars114are deposited on the first-member-side electrodes113, and the conductive pillars214are deposited on the second-member-side electrodes213, the first-member-side electrodes113and the second-member-side electrodes213being exposed in the openings of the resist film119. The conductive pillars114and214are formed of, for example, Cu. The conductive pillars114and214have, for example, a thickness of 40 μm (step S5).

Next, using plating, the solder layers115are deposited on the conductive pillars114, and the solder layers215are deposited on the conductive pillars214, the conductive pillars114and214being deposited in the openings of the resist film119. The solder layers115and215are formed of, for example, a SnAg alloy. The solder layers115and215have, for example, a thickness of 30 μm. In this manner, the first conductive protrusions116and the second conductive protrusions216are formed (step S6).

Next, the resist film119is removed, and lastly the solder layers115and215are melted by reflow processing and thereafter are solidified (step S7). As a result, the PA circuit element301is completed (step S8).

As for the first conductive protrusions116, a structure obtained by forming a conductive pillar114using Cu in step S5and placing a solder layer115on the conductive pillar114in step S6is called “copper pillar bump (CPB)”. Note that, as the first conductive protrusions116, a structure may be used in which solder is not placed on a top surface like Au bumps. Protrusions having such a structure are also called “pillar”. Alternatively, as the first conductive protrusions116, a structure may also be used in which conductive pillars are erected on a pad. Conductive protrusions having such a structure are also called “post”. Alternatively, as the first conductive protrusions116, ball bumps may also be used that are obtained by reflowing solder so as to have a ball shape. In addition to these various types of structure, various structures including conductors projecting from a substrate can also be used as conductive protrusions. The second conductive protrusions216may have substantially the same structure as the first conductive protrusions116.

FIG. 5is a diagram for describing a method for manufacturing the second member210and a method for joining the second member210to the first member110.FIG. 5illustrates perspective views corresponding to respective processing steps. Actual manufacture is performed in units of wafer; however,FIG. 5illustrates the processing steps for a single semiconductor device.

As illustrated inFIG. 5, first, a release layer212is formed on a mother substrate211, which is a compound semiconductor member, and a semiconductor thin film is formed on a surface of the release layer212on the −z axis side by using an epitaxial growth method. A plurality of circuit elements and electrodes to be connected to the circuit elements are formed in or on the semiconductor thin film. This portion will be the second member210(step S11).

Next, by performing processing in which only the release layer212is selectively etched, the second member210(a semiconductor thin film piece) is detached from the mother substrate211(step S12).

Next, the second member210is joined to the first member110(bonding). That is, the semiconductor thin film piece is transferred, namely moved, from the mother substrate211onto the first member110and is fixed. In the present embodiment, the first member110and the second member210are bonded together with a van der Waals bond or a hydrogen bond (step S13).

Note that the first member110and the second member210may be joined to each other with, for example, electrostatic force, a covalent bond, or a eutectic alloy bond. The first member110and the second member210may be joined to each other using eutectic properties obtained by using an Au film. Specifically, in another process, an Au film serving as a junction layer is formed on the first member110. The second member210is pressed against and brought into close contact with the surface of the junction layer to diffuse Au of the junction layer into the GaAs layer of the second member, so that Au and GaAs become eutectic. As a result, the first member110and the second member210are joined to each other.

For the second member210, the circuit elements and electrodes are formed not only in the stage illustrated in step S11and may be formed by performing a process on the second member210(a photolithography etching process) after the second member210is joined to the first member110as illustrated in step S14.

Hereinafter, a wiring line formed after joining the second member210and the first member110to each other may be referred to as a redistribution line. Examples of a redistribution line include a redistribution line that electrically connects the first circuit of the first member110and the second circuit of the second member210to each other without using the module board310. A form of the member-member connection conductor is such a redistribution line.

As a method for releasing and transferring the above semiconductor thin film piece, for example, the following method can be applied. That is, in step S11inFIG. 5, a support is bonded to a surface of the formed second member210on the −z axis side. When the second member210(the semiconductor thin film piece) is released from the mother substrate211as illustrated in step S12inFIG. 5, the second member210is released from the mother substrate211with the support supporting the second member210. As illustrated in step S13inFIG. 5, the second member210is joined to the first member110with the support supporting the second member210. After the second member210is joined to the first member110, the support is released from the second member210. In steps S11to S13inFIG. 5, to clearly illustrate the second member210, illustration of the support is omitted.

The RF circuit module300configured in this manner and according to the present embodiment has the following effects.

(a) The first member110is mounted (face down) on the module board310by flip chip bonding, and thus a space for arranging pads and wires for wire bonding is unnecessary, so that the entire size of the RF circuit module300can be reduced.

(b) The first member110has the first conductive protrusions116connected to the substrate-side electrodes311of the module board310, and the second member210has the second conductive protrusions216connected to the substrate-side electrodes312of the module board310, so that each of the first circuit formed in the first member110and the second circuit formed in the second member210is electrically connected to the module board310. Moreover, the first circuit and the second circuit are electrically connected to each other by the member-member connection conductor without using the module board310, and thus a wiring line for connecting the first circuit and the second circuit to each other does not have to be formed in or on the module board310. As a result, the entire size of the RF circuit module300can be reduced.

(c) Heat generated by the amplifier and other devices included in the second circuit formed in the second member210can be dissipated and exhausted highly efficiently, and thus there can be realized the RF circuit module300that is miniaturized without constraints based on heat dissipation characteristics or the RF circuit module300that is miniaturized but has high heat dissipation characteristics.

A power amplification circuit according to the first embodiment will be described.

FIG. 6is a circuit diagram of a power amplification circuit61. As illustrated inFIG. 6, the power amplification circuit61includes a first circuit400, a second circuit500, and a matching circuit601(first matching circuit). The first circuit400includes an amplifier control circuit401and a termination circuit411(first termination circuit). The second circuit500includes an amplifier501(first amplifier) and a bias circuit502. The bias circuit502includes a bias transistor503, transistors504and505, a resistance element506, and a current source507.

The power amplification circuit61is a circuit that amplifies an input signal RFin (an RF signal) input from an input terminal31and outputs an output signal RFout from an output terminal32.

In the present embodiment, description will be made by assuming that the amplifier501, the bias transistor503, and the transistors504and505are constituted by, for example, a bipolar transistor such as an HBT. Note that each of the amplifier501, the bias transistor503, and the transistors504and505may be constituted by another transistor such as a field-effect transistor (a metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor (MOSFET)). In that case, it is sufficient that base, collector, and emitter be read as gate, drain, and source, respectively, instead.

The amplifier501has a base, a collector, and an emitter. The base is connected to the input terminal31. The collector is connected to a power-supply voltage supply node N2for supplying a power supply voltage Vcc1, and is connected to the output terminal32through the matching circuit601. The emitter is grounded. The amplifier501amplifies the input signal RFin, which is supplied through the input terminal31, and outputs the resulting amplified signal (first amplified signal).

The bias circuit502biases the base of the amplifier501using the bias transistor503, which is connected as an emitter follower to the base of the amplifier501. Specifically, the bias transistor503has a collector, a base, and an emitter. The collector is connected to a power-supply voltage supply node N1for supplying a power supply voltage Vcc0. The emitter is connected to the base of the amplifier501through the resistance element506.

The transistors504and505and the current source507supplies a bias having a predetermined level of voltage to the base of the bias transistor503. Specifically, the current source507is connected to the base of the bias transistor503. The transistor504has a collector, a base, and an emitter. The collector is connected to the current source507and the base of the bias transistor503. The base is connected to the collector. Hereinafter, connection between the collector of a transistor and the base of the transistor may also be referred to as diode connection. The transistor505is a diode-connected transistor and has a collector, which is connected to the emitter of the transistor504, and an emitter, which is grounded. Since each of the transistors504and505functions as a diode, a voltage drop corresponding to two diodes occurs in the collector-emitter path of the transistor504and the collector-emitter path of the transistor505. That is, the collector voltage and base voltage of the transistor504with respect to ground is a voltage at a level corresponding to the voltage drop across two diodes. This voltage is supplied to the base of the bias transistor503.

The amplifier control circuit401controls an amplification operation of the second circuit500. In the present embodiment, the amplifier control circuit401controls the power supply voltage Vcc1, which is applied to the collector of the amplifier501. Moreover, the amplifier control circuit401controls the power supply voltage Vcc0, which is applied to the collector of the bias transistor503, and a current Ib, which is output by the current source507. As a result, the level of a bias to be supplied to the base of the amplifier501is controlled.

The termination circuit411attenuates a harmonic wave component corresponding to an integral multiple (for example, two times or more) of the fundamental frequency of the output signal RFout. In the present embodiment, the termination circuit411is a series LC circuit having a capacitor411aand an inductor411b(first inductor). The capacitor411ahas a first end and a second end, the first end being connected to the collector of the amplifier501. The inductor411bhas a first end and a second end. The first end is connected to the second end of the capacitor411a, and the second end is grounded.

The matching circuit601adjusts, regarding the fundamental wave of the output signal RFout, an impedance when the circuits after the amplifier501are viewed from the amplifier501. In other words, the matching circuit601is provided between the amplifier501and the circuits after the amplifier501, and achieves impedance matching between the amplifier501and the circuits after the amplifier501. In the present embodiment, the matching circuit601is provided between the collector of the amplifier501and the output terminal32, and is a series LC circuit having a capacitor601aand an inductor601b. The capacitor601ahas a first end and a second end, the first end being connected to the collector of the amplifier501. The inductor601bhas a first end and a second end. The first end is connected to the second end of the capacitor601a, and the second end is connected to the output terminal32.

FIG. 7is a diagram for describing arrangement of the power amplification circuit61in the power amplification device11.FIG. 7schematically illustrates the arrangement of the power amplification circuit61in a cross section of the power amplification device11.

As illustrated inFIG. 7, the amplifier control circuit401and the termination circuit411are provided in the first member110. The amplifier501and the bias circuit502are provided in the second member210. The input terminal31, the output terminal32, and the matching circuit601are provided in, for example, the module board310.

The termination circuit411is connected to the collector of the amplifier501through a member-member connection conductor351a. The member-member connection conductor351ais a form of the member-member connection conductor. The base of the amplifier501is connected to the bias circuit502and is also connected to the input terminal31through a second conductive protrusion216among the second conductive protrusions216. The emitter of the amplifier501is grounded on the module board310through a second conductive protrusion216among the second conductive protrusions216. The collector of the amplifier501is connected to the output terminal32through a second conductive protrusion216among the second conductive protrusions216and the matching circuit601.

Note that the configuration in which the power amplification circuit61includes one amplifier501has been described; however, the configuration is not limited thereto. The power amplification circuit61may have a configuration that includes a plurality of amplifiers501. Specifically, for example, a first-stage amplifier may be provided between the input terminal31and the amplifier501.

The layout of a power amplification device according to the first embodiment will be described.FIG. 8is a diagram illustrating an example of the layout of the first circuit400in the first member110.FIG. 9is a diagram illustrating an example of the layout of electrodes provided on the −z axis side of the first member110and the second member210.FIG. 10is a diagram illustrating an example of the layout of the second circuit500in the second member210.FIG. 11is an enlarged view of an area including the amplifier501and a heat spreader131.FIGS. 8 to 11are plan views when, for example, the first member110or the second member210is viewed in a plan view from the −z axis side.

As illustrated inFIGS. 8 to 11, the capacitor411aincluded in the termination circuit411of the first circuit400is provided in the vicinity of the center of the first member110(seeFIG. 8). The inductor411bis provided on the −y axis side of the capacitor411a.

On the +y axis side of the capacitor411a, a substantially rectangular region252, to which the second member210is joined, is positioned (seeFIG. 8). On the +y axis side of and the +x axis side of the capacitor411a, the amplifier control circuit401is provided so as to partially overlap the region252. On the −x axis side of the amplifier control circuit401, the heat spreader131is provided. Details of the heat spreader131will be described below. The amplifier501is provided so as to overlap a portion of the heat spreader131when the first member110is viewed in a plan view from the −z axis side (seeFIG. 11).

A plurality of first conductive protrusions116are provided inside the edge of the first member110(seeFIG. 9). Note that the first member110may have a configuration in which one first conductive protrusion116is provided. A plurality of second conductive protrusions216are provided inside the region252. A second conductive protrusion216aamong the plurality of second conductive protrusions216is provided so as to overlap the amplifier501when the first member110is viewed in a plan view from the −z axis side (seeFIG. 11). The member-member connection conductor351aconnects the collector of the amplifier501and the first end of the capacitor411ato each other. Note that the second member210may have a configuration in which one second conductive protrusion216is provided.

On the +x axis side of the second member210, the bias circuit502of the second circuit500is provided (seeFIG. 10). The amplifier501is provided on the −x axis side of the bias circuit502.

Specifically, the transistors504and505are provided near the edge of the second member210on the +x axis side. On the −x axis side of the transistors504and505, the bias transistor503is provided. On the −x axis side of and the −y axis side of the bias transistor503, the resistance element506is provided so as to extend toward the −y axis side.

On the −x axis side of the resistance element506, the amplifier501is formed. The amplifier501includes a plurality of transistor devices arranged in the y axis direction. In this case, the transistor device positioned furthermost toward the +y axis side may be referred to as transistor device501a.

FIG. 12is a cross-sectional view taken along line XII-XII illustrated inFIG. 11. As illustrated inFIGS. 11 and 12, the first member110includes a Si substrate121, a first insulating film122, a second insulating film123, and a third insulating film124, which are stacked in order toward the −z axis side.

The amplifier501is formed in the second member210. On the −z axis side of the amplifier501, an interlayer insulating film224is provided. Specifically, a transistor device included in the amplifier501(for example, the transistor device501a) includes a collector layer221C, a base layer221B, and an emitter layer221E, which are stacked in order from the substrate121side.

More specifically, the collector layer221C is joined to a surface of the first member110on the −z axis side. On the −z axis side of the collector layer221C, the base layer221B and a collector electrode222C, which is connected to the collector layer221C, are provided. On the −z axis side of the base layer221B, the emitter layer221E and a base electrode222B, which is connected to the base layer221B, are provided. On the −z axis side of the emitter layer221E, an emitter electrode222E is provided, which is connected to the emitter layer221E. On the −z axis side of the emitter electrode222E, for example, an emitter wiring line223E is provided, which electrically connects the emitter electrodes222E of the respective transistor devices aligned in the y axis direction to each other.

The collector layer221C, the base layer221B, and the emitter layer221E are formed by for example n-type GaAs, p-type GaAs, and n-type InGaP, respectively. Note that these semiconductor layers may be formed by other compound semiconductors such as, for example, InP, GaN, SiGe, or SiC.

On a surface of the third insulating film124on the −z axis side, a first insulating film225is provided so as to cover the interlayer insulating film224. An opening is provided in the interlayer insulating film224and the first insulating film225so as to communicate with the emitter wiring line223E from the −z axis side. An emitter pad213ais electrically connected to the emitter wiring line223E through the opening. The emitter pad213aprojects from the first insulating film225toward the −z axis side. The emitter pad213ais a form of the second-member-side electrode213and is also a portion of the redistribution line.

On a surface of the first insulating film225on the −z axis side, a second insulating film226is provided. An opening is provided in the second insulating film226so as to communicate with the emitter pad213afrom the −z axis side. A second conductive protrusion216ais connected to the emitter pad213athrough the opening. The second conductive protrusion216aprojects from the second insulating film226toward the −z axis side.

In the first member110, the heat spreader131is provided on the +z axis side of the amplifier501. The heat spreader131is formed by stacking conductor layers and insulator layers. Specifically, the heat spreader131includes first member electrodes132aand132b, which extend substantially parallel to the xy plane, and rod-shaped first member vias133aand133b, which extend in the z axis direction. The first member electrode132ais formed on a surface of the second insulating film123on the −z axis side. The first member electrode132bis formed on a surface of the first insulating film122on the −z axis side. The first member via133aconnects the first member electrode132aand the first member electrode132bto each other. The first member via133bprojects from the first member electrode132btoward the +z axis side.

Heat generated by the amplifier501is released to the module board310(not illustrated inFIG. 12) through the emitter electrode222E, the emitter wiring line223E, the emitter pad213a, and the second conductive protrusion216aand also to the substrate121through the third insulating film124and the heat spreader131. Since the substrate121is formed of Si, which is high in thermal conductivity, heat from the amplifier501is favorably released from the first member110.

FIG. 13is a cross-sectional view taken along line XIIV-XIIV illustrated inFIG. 11. As illustrated inFIGS. 11 and 13, a first conductive protrusion116ais provided on the +y axis side of the amplifier501. The first conductive protrusion116ais connected to the first member electrode132aof the heat spreader131through the first-member-side electrode113a. The first-member-side electrode113ais a portion of the redistribution line.

Specifically, the first-member-side electrode113ais connected to the first member electrode132aof the heat spreader131through an opening provided in the first insulating film225and the third insulating film124. The first conductive protrusion116ais connected to the first-member-side electrode113athrough an opening provided in the second insulating film226.

Out of heat generated by the amplifier501, heat transferred to the heat spreader131is not only moved to and released from the Si substrate121but also moved to and released from the module board310(not illustrated inFIG. 13) through the first-member-side electrode113aand the first conductive protrusion116a. In this manner, heat generated by the amplifier501can be effectively released with a configuration having a path along which heat is efficiently transferred from the heat spreader131to the module board310.

FIG. 14is an enlarged view of an area including the termination circuit411.FIG. 15is a cross-sectional view taken along line XV-XV illustrated inFIG. 14. As illustrated inFIGS. 14 and 15, the member-member connection conductor351ahas a redistribution line351aaand a redistribution line via351aband is connected to the capacitor411a.

Specifically, the capacitor411ahas a metal-insulator-metal (MIM) structure formed by a first member metal wiring line132caand a first member electrode132cb, which extend parallel to the xy plane, and the second insulating film123, which is filled between the first member metal wiring line132caand the first member electrode132cb.

More specifically, the first member metal wiring line132ca, which has a rectangular shape when viewed in a plan view from the +z axis side and serves as an electrode of the capacitor411aon the +z axis side, is formed on the surface of the first insulating film122on the −z axis side. On the −z axis side of the first member metal wiring line132ca, the first member electrode132cb, which has a rectangular shape when viewed in a plan view from the +z axis side and serves as an electrode of the capacitor411aon the −z axis side, is formed at a predetermined distance from the first member metal wiring line132ca. When viewed in a plan view from the +z axis side, the outline of the first member electrode132cbis positioned inside the outline of the first member metal wiring line132ca. The second insulating film123is filled in a region around the first member metal wiring line132caand the first member electrode132cb.

On the surface of the second insulating film123on the −z axis side, a first member electrode132cdis formed, which has a rectangular shape when viewed in a plan view from the +z axis side. In an opening provided in the second insulating film123, a first member via133cais provided, which connects the first member electrode132cdand the first member electrode132cbto each other.

On the surface of the first insulating film225on the −z axis side, the redistribution line351aaincluded in the member-member connection conductor351ais provided. In an opening provided in the third insulating film124and the first insulating film225, the redistribution line via351abis provided, which connects the redistribution line351aaand the first member electrode132cdto each other.

FIG. 16is a cross-sectional view taken along line XVI-XVI illustrated inFIG. 14. As illustrated inFIGS. 14 and 16, the inductor411bis formed by a first member metal wiring line132ce. Specifically, the first member metal wiring line132ceis formed on the surface of the first insulating film122on the −z axis side so as to be wound within the xy plane.

On the surface of the second insulating film123on the −z axis side, a first member metal wiring line132ccis formed, which extends in the y axis direction when viewed in a plan view from the +z axis side. An opening is provided in the second insulating film123so as to communicate with the first member metal wiring line132cafrom the −z axis side. In the opening, a first member via133cbis provided, which connects the first member metal wiring line132caand the first member metal wiring line132ccto each other.

Another opening is provided in the second insulating film123so as to communicate with a region near an end (first end) of the first member metal wiring line132cefrom the −z axis side. In the opening, a first member via133ccis provided, which connects the end of the first member metal wiring line132ceand the first member metal wiring line132ccto each other.

The first member metal wiring line132ceis provided so as to be wound between the end of the first member metal wiring line132ceand the first member metal wiring line132ca.

Second Embodiment

A power amplification device and a power amplification circuit according to a second embodiment will be described. In the second embodiment and subsequent embodiments, description of items common to those of the first embodiment will be omitted, and only different points will be described. In particular, operations and effects due to similar configurations will not be mentioned one by one in each embodiment.

FIG. 17is a circuit diagram of a power amplification circuit62. As illustrated inFIG. 17, the power amplification circuit62according to the second embodiment differs from the power amplification circuit61according to the first embodiment in that the power amplification circuit62further includes an input-side matching circuit and can change the frequency band of a termination circuit, that of an output-side matching circuit, and that of the input-side matching circuit.

The power amplification circuit62includes the first circuit400, the second circuit500, an inductor651(third inductor), an inductor652(fourth inductor), and an inductor653(fifth inductor). The first circuit400includes the amplifier control circuit401, a switch control circuit402, capacitors421,422, and423, and switches431,432,433,434,435, and436. The second circuit500includes the amplifier501and the bias circuit502.

The amplifier control circuit401, the switch control circuit402, the capacitors421,422, and423, and the switches431,432,433,434,435, and436are formed in the first member110. The amplifier501and the bias circuit502are formed in the second member210. The inductors651,652, and653are formed by a redistribution line, and details thereof will be described later. The switches431,432,433,434,435, and436are, for example, field-effect transistors.

A termination circuit701(first termination circuit) includes the capacitor421, the inductor651, and the switches431and432. The termination circuit701attenuates a harmonic wave component corresponding to an integral multiple (for example, two times or more) of the frequency of the output signal RFout. In the termination circuit701, the frequency of a harmonic wave component to be attenuated is switched by the switches431and432.

Specifically, the capacitor421has a first end and a second end, the first end being connected to the collector of the amplifier501. The inductor651has a first end, a center tap651a, and a second end, the first end being connected to the second end of the capacitor421. The switch431has a first end and a second end. The first end is connected to the center tap651a, and the second end is grounded. The switch432has a first end and a second end. The first end is connected to the second end of the inductor651, and the second end is grounded.

The switches431and432respectively operate on the basis of signals B1and B2received from the switch control circuit402. Specifically, each of the switches431and432switches between conducting and nonconducting of the first end and the second end thereof. In the present embodiment, the switch431and the switch432operate exclusively. Specifically, when the switch431is off (the first end and the second end are nonconducting), the switch432is on (the first end and the second end are conducting), which is called a first state. When the switch431is on, the switch432is off, which is called a second state.

The resonant frequency of the termination circuit701in the first state is lower than that in the second state. The first state is thus appropriate for a case where low frequencies are to be attenuated. In contrast, the second state is appropriate for a case where high frequencies are to be attenuated.

In the present embodiment, the switch control circuit402performs control such that, for example, the termination circuit701is caused to shift to the first state in a case where the frequency band to which the output signal RFout belongs is low, and the termination circuit701is caused to shift to the second state in a case where the frequency band to which the output signal RFout belongs is high. Note that the switch control circuit402may perform control such that the termination circuit701is caused to shift to the second state in a case where the frequency band to which the output signal RFout belongs is low, and the termination circuit701is caused to shift to the first state in a case where the frequency band to which the output signal RFout belongs is high.

The termination circuit701does not have to include the switch432and may have a configuration in which the second end of the inductor651is directly grounded. Even with such a configuration, the frequency of a harmonic wave component to be attenuated can be switched.

A matching circuit702(first matching circuit) includes the capacitor422, the inductor652, and the switches433and434. The matching circuit702adjusts, regarding the fundamental wave of the output signal RFout, an impedance (hereinafter also referred to as first impedance) when the circuits after the amplifier501are viewed from the amplifier501. In the matching circuit702, the first impedance is switched by the switches433and434.

Specifically, the capacitor422has a first end and a second end, the first end being connected to the collector of the amplifier501. The inductor652has a first end, a center tap652a, and a second end, the first end being connected to the second end of the capacitor422. The switch433has a first end and a second end. The first end is connected to the center tap652a, and the second end is connected to the output terminal32. The switch434has a first end and a second end. The first end is connected to the second end of the inductor652, and the second end is connected to the output terminal32.

The switches433and434respectively operate on the basis of signals B3and B4received from the switch control circuit402. In the present embodiment, the switch433and the switch434operate exclusively. Specifically, when the switch433is off, the switch434is on, which is called a third state. When the switch433is on, the switch434is off, which is called a fourth state.

In general, the impedance of the inductor652is high when the frequency is high, and thus the first impedance for a case where the matching circuit702is in the third state is higher than the first impedance for a case where the matching circuit702is in the fourth state. That is, the third state is appropriate for impedance matching between the amplifier501and the circuits after the amplifier501for a case where the frequency band to which the output signal RFout belongs is low. In contrast, the fourth state is appropriate for impedance matching between the amplifier501and the circuits after the amplifier501for a case where the frequency band to which the output signal RFout belongs is high.

In the present embodiment, the switch control circuit402performs control such that the matching circuit702is caused to shift to the third state in a case where the frequency band to which the output signal RFout belongs is low, and the matching circuit702is caused to shift to the fourth state in a case where the frequency band to which the output signal RFout belongs is high. Note that the switch control circuit402may perform control such that the matching circuit702is caused to shift to the fourth state in a case where the frequency band to which the output signal RFout belongs is low, and the matching circuit702is caused to shift to the third state in a case where the frequency band to which the output signal RFout belongs is high.

The matching circuit702does not have to include the switch434and may have a configuration in which the second end of the inductor652and the output terminal32are directly connected to each other. Even with such a configuration, the first impedance can be switched.

A matching circuit703(second matching circuit) includes the capacitor423, the inductor653, and the switches435and436. The matching circuit703adjusts, regarding the fundamental wave of the input signal RFin, an impedance (hereinafter also referred to as second impedance) when the amplifier501is viewed from the input terminal31. In the matching circuit703, the second impedance is switched by the switches435and436.

Specifically, the switch435has a first end and a second end, the first end being connected to the input terminal31. The switch436has a first end and a second end, the first end being connected to the input terminal31. The inductor653has a first end, the center tap653a, and a second end. The first end is connected to the second end of the switch436, and the center tap652ais connected to the second end of the switch435. The capacitor423has a first end and a second end. The first end is connected to the second end of the inductor653, and the second end is connected to the base of the amplifier501.

The switches435and436respectively operate on the basis of signals B5and B6received from the switch control circuit402. In the present embodiment, the switch435and the switch436operate exclusively. Specifically, when the switch435is off, the switch436is on, which is called a fifth state. When the switch435is on, the switch436is off, which is called a sixth state.

In general, the impedance of the inductor653is high when the frequency is high, and thus the second impedance for a case where the matching circuit703is in the fifth state is higher than the second impedance for a case where the matching circuit703is in the sixth state. That is, the fifth state is appropriate for impedance matching between the amplifier501and previous-stage circuits for a case where the frequency band to which the input signal RFin belongs is low. In contrast, the sixth state is appropriate for impedance matching between the amplifier501and the previous-stage circuits for a case where the frequency band to which the input signal RFin belongs is high.

In the present embodiment, the switch control circuit402performs control such that the matching circuit703is caused to shift to the fifth state in a case where the frequency band to which the input signal RFin belongs is low, and the matching circuit703is caused to shift to the sixth state in a case where the frequency band to which the input signal RFin belongs is high. Note that the switch control circuit402may perform control such that the matching circuit703is caused to shift to the sixth state in a case where the frequency band to which the input signal RFin belongs is low, and the matching circuit703is caused to shift to the fifth state in a case where the frequency band to which the input signal RFin belongs is high.

The matching circuit703does not have to include the switch436and may have a configuration in which the input terminal31and the first end of the inductor653are directly connected to each other. Even with such a configuration, the second impedance can be switched.

The layout of a power amplification device12according to the second embodiment will be described.

FIG. 18is a diagram illustrating an example of the layout of the first circuit400in the first member110.FIG. 19is a diagram illustrating an example of the layout of electrodes provided on the −z axis side of the first member110and the second member210.FIGS. 18and19are plan views when, for example, the first member110or the second member210is viewed in a plan view from the −z axis side. Note thatFIG. 18illustrates the position of the amplifier501of the second circuit500in order to make description easier to understand.FIG. 19illustrates the positions of the capacitors421,422, and423.

As illustrated inFIGS. 18 and 19, in the power amplification device12, the capacitor421of the first circuit400is provided in the vicinity of the center of and on the −x axis side of the first member110. The inductor651and the switches431and432are provided on the −y axis side of the capacitor421. The capacitor423is provided in the vicinity of the center of and on the +x axis side of the first member110. The inductor653and the switches435and436are provided on the −y axis side of the capacitor423. The capacitor422is provided in the vicinity of the center of and on the +y axis side of the first member110. The inductor652and the switches433and434are provided on the −x axis side of the capacitor422.

The switch control circuit402is provided on the +y axis side of the capacitor423(seeFIG. 18). On the +y axis side of the switch control circuit402, a substantially rectangular region253, to which the second member210is joined, is positioned. On the +y axis side of the switch control circuit402, the amplifier control circuit401is provided so as to partially overlap the region253. On the −x axis side of the amplifier control circuit401, the heat spreader131is provided. The amplifier501is provided so as to overlap a portion of the heat spreader131when the first member110is viewed in a plan view from the −z axis side.

The switches431and432are connected to the switch control circuit402through first member metal wiring lines132iaand132ib, respectively. The signals B1and B2are transmitted through the first member metal wiring lines132iaand132ib, respectively. The switches433and434are connected to the switch control circuit402through first member metal wiring lines132icand132id, respectively. The signals B3and B4are transmitted through the first member metal wiring lines132icand132id, respectively. The switches435and436are connected to the switch control circuit402through first member metal wiring lines132ieand132if, respectively. The signals B5and B6are transmitted through the first member metal wiring lines132ieand132if, respectively.

A member-member connection conductor351bconnects the collector of the amplifier501and the first end of the capacitor421to each other (seeFIG. 19). A member-member connection conductor351cconnects the collector of the amplifier501and the first end of the capacitor422to each other. A member-member connection conductor351dconnects the base of the amplifier501and the second end of the capacitor423to each other. The member-member connection conductors351b,351c, and351dare forms of the member-member connection conductor.

The inductors651,652, and653are formed by redistribution lines351e,351f, and351g, respectively. Details of the redistribution lines351e,351f, and351gwill be described below.

FIG. 20is a diagram illustrating an example of the layout of the second circuit500in the second member210.FIG. 20is viewed substantially in the same manner as forFIG. 18. As illustrated inFIG. 20, the layout of the second circuit500is substantially the same as the layout of the second circuit500according to the first embodiment (seeFIG. 10).

FIG. 21is an enlarged view of an area including the matching circuit703inFIG. 19.FIG. 22is a cross-sectional view taken along line XXII-XXII illustrated inFIG. 21. As illustrated inFIGS. 21 and 22, the member-member connection conductor351dhas a redistribution line351daand a redistribution line via351dband is connected to the first end of the capacitor423. The shapes and arrangements of the redistribution line351daand the redistribution line via351dbare substantially the same as those of the redistribution line351aaand the redistribution line via35lab illustrated inFIGS. 14 and 15.

The capacitor423has a MIM structure formed by a first member metal wiring line132daand a first member electrode132db, which extend parallel to the xy plane, and the second insulating film123, which is filled between the first member metal wiring line132daand the first member electrode132db. The first member metal wiring line132daand the first member electrode132dbare respectively substantially the same as the first member metal wiring line132caand the first member electrode132cbillustrated inFIGS. 14 to 16.

A first member metal wiring line132dc, a first member electrode132dd, and first member vias133daand133dbaround the first member metal wiring line132daand the first member electrode132db(seeFIG. 22) are respectively substantially the same as the first member metal wiring line132cc, the first member electrode132cd, and the first member vias133caand133cbillustrated inFIGS. 14 and 15.

A first member via133dc(seeFIG. 21) connects the first member metal wiring line132dc, which is provided on the surface of the second insulating film123on the −z axis side, and a redistribution line351gforming the inductor653to each other. Although details will be described later, the redistribution line351gis provided on the surface of the first insulating film225on the −z axis side.

The structure of and electrodes around each of the capacitors421and422are substantially the same as the structure of and electrodes around the capacitor423.

FIG. 23is an enlarged view of an area including the termination circuit701inFIG. 19.FIG. 24is a cross-sectional view taken along line XXIV-XXIV illustrated inFIG. 23. As illustrated inFIGS. 23 and 24, the redistribution line351eforming the inductor651is provided so as to be wound within the xy plane on the surface of the first insulating film225on the −z axis side. The switch431is provided in the substrate121, the first insulating film122, and the second insulating film123.

FIG. 25is a cross-sectional view taken along line XXV-XXV illustrated inFIG. 23. As illustrated inFIGS. 23 and 25, the center tap651aof the inductor651is connected to the switch431through a redistribution line via351h, a first member metal wiring line132e, and a first member via133e.

Specifically, the first member metal wiring line132eis formed on the surface of the second insulating film123on the −z axis side. The first member via133eis provided in an opening provided in the first insulating film122and the second insulating film123. The first member via133econnects the first member metal wiring line132eand the first end of the switch431to each other. The redistribution line via351his provided in an opening provided in the first insulating film225and the third insulating film124. The redistribution line via351hconnects the center tap651aand the first member metal wiring line132eto each other.

The structure of and electrodes around each of the inductors652and653are substantially the same as the structure of and electrodes around the inductor651.

Third Embodiment

A power amplification device and a power amplification circuit according to a third embodiment will be described.

FIG. 26is a diagram for describing arrangement of a power amplification circuit63in a power amplification device13.FIG. 26schematically illustrates the arrangement of the power amplification circuit63in a cross section of the power amplification device13. As illustrated inFIG. 26, the power amplification circuit63according to the third embodiment differs from the power amplification circuit61according to the first embodiment in that the capacitance of a capacitor in a termination circuit can be changed.

When compared with the first circuit400in the power amplification circuit61(seeFIG. 7), the first circuit400in the power amplification circuit63includes a termination circuit412instead of the termination circuit411and further includes the switch control circuit402.

The termination circuit412includes a capacitor412aaand a capacitor412ab, an inductor412b, and switches412caand412cb.

The inductor412bhas a first end and a second end, the first end being connected to the collector of the amplifier501of the second member210through a member-member connection conductor351i. The capacitor412aahas a first end and a second end, the first end being connected to the second end of the inductor412b. The switch412cahas a first end and a second end. The first end is connected to the second end of the capacitor412aa, and the second end is grounded. The capacitor412abhas a first end and a second end, the first end being connected to the second end of the inductor412b. The switch412cbhas a first end and a second end. The first end is connected to the second end of the capacitor412ab, and the second end is grounded. The member-member connection conductor351iis, for example, a wiring line like the member-member connection conductor351a(seeFIG. 9).

The switches412caand412cbare switches substantially the same as the switch431and respectively operate on the basis of signals B7and B8received from the switch control circuit402. In the present embodiment, the switch control circuit402controls the switches412caand412cbsuch that in a case where, for example, the frequency band to which the output signal RFout belongs is low, the combined capacitance of the capacitors412aaand412abincreases. Specifically, the switch control circuit402switches on both of the switches412caand412cb.

In contrast, the switch control circuit402controls the switches412caand412cbsuch that in a case where, for example, the frequency band to which the output signal RFout belongs is high, the combined capacitance of the capacitors412aaand412abdecreases. Specifically, the switch control circuit402switches on one out of the switches412caand412cb.

Note that the switch control circuit402may be configured to control the switches412caand412cbsuch that the combined capacitance of the capacitors412aaand412abdecreases in a case where the frequency band to which the output signal RFout belongs is low, and the combined capacitance of the capacitors412aaand412abincreases in a case where the frequency band to which the output signal RFout belongs is high.

The termination circuit412has been described as having a configuration that includes two of a pair of the capacitor412aaand the switch412caand a pair of the capacitor412aband the switch412cb; however, the termination circuit412may have a configuration that includes three or more of the pair.

Moreover, the termination circuit412may have a configuration in which inductors are provided instead of the capacitors, and a capacitor is provided instead of the inductor.

Moreover, the termination circuit412may have a configuration in which part of the termination circuit412is provided outside the first member110. Specifically, for example, the termination circuit412may have a configuration in which an inductor (second inductor) like the redistribution line351e(seeFIG. 19) is provided as the member-member connection conductor351i, and thus part of the inductor is provided outside the first member110. Moreover, the termination circuit412may have a configuration in which, for example, the inductor412bis not provided, the first end of the capacitor412aaand the first end of the capacitor412abare connected to the member-member connection conductor351iserving as an inductor (second inductor) like the redistribution line351e, and thus the entirety of the inductor is provided outside the first member110.

Fourth Embodiment

A power amplification device and a power amplification circuit according to a fourth embodiment will be described.

FIG. 27is a diagram for describing arrangement of a power amplification circuit64in a power amplification device14.FIG. 27schematically illustrates the arrangement of the power amplification circuit64in a cross section of the power amplification device14. As illustrated inFIG. 27, the power amplification device14according to the fourth embodiment differs from the power amplification device11according to the first embodiment in that a matching circuit is provided in the first member110.

When compared with the first circuit400in the power amplification circuit61(seeFIG. 7), the first circuit400in the power amplification circuit64includes a termination circuit411rinstead of the termination circuit411and further includes a matching circuit441.

The termination circuit411ris a series LC circuit substantially the same as the termination circuit411illustrated inFIG. 7; however, the order in which a capacitor and an inductor are connected is different. That is, the inductor411bof the termination circuit411rhas a first end and a second end, the first end being connected to the collector of the amplifier501of the second member210through the member-member connection conductor351i. The capacitor411ahas a first end and a second end. The first end is connected to the second end of the inductor411b, and the second end is grounded.

The matching circuit441is, for example, a series LC circuit substantially the same as the matching circuit601illustrated inFIG. 7and includes a capacitor441aand an inductor441b.

The inductor441bhas a first end and a second end, the first end being connected to the collector of the amplifier501of the second member210through a member-member connection conductor351j. The capacitor441ahas a first end and a second end. The first end is connected to the second end of the inductor441b, and the second end is connected to the output terminal32of the module board310through a first conductive protrusion116among the first conductive protrusions116.

Note that the matching circuit441may have a configuration in which part of the matching circuit441is provided outside the first member110. Specifically, the matching circuit441may have a configuration in which, for example, an inductor like the redistribution line351f(seeFIG. 19) is provided as the member-member connection conductor351j, and thus part of the inductor is provided outside the first member110. Moreover, the matching circuit441may have a configuration in which, for example, the inductor441bis not provided, the first end of the capacitor441ais connected to the member-member connection conductor351jserving as an inductor like the redistribution line351f, and thus the entirety of the inductor is provided outside the first member110.

FIG. 28is a diagram for describing a matching circuit441c, which is a modification of the matching circuit441in the power amplification circuit64. As illustrated inFIG. 28, when compared with the matching circuit441illustrated inFIG. 27, the matching circuit441cfurther includes an inductor441dand has a difference connection form for the subsequent stage of the inductor441b.

Specifically, the capacitor441ahas a first end and a second end. The first end is connected to the second end of the inductor441b, and the second end is grounded. The inductor441dhas a first end and a second end. The first end is connected to the second end of the inductor441b, and the second end is connected to the output terminal32of the module board310through a first conductive protrusion116among the first conductive protrusions116.

Fifth Embodiment

A power amplification device and a power amplification circuit according to a fifth embodiment will be described.

FIG. 29is a diagram for describing arrangement of a power amplification circuit65in a power amplification device15.FIG. 29schematically illustrates the arrangement of the power amplification circuit65in a cross section of the power amplification device15. As illustrated inFIG. 29, the power amplification circuit65according to the fifth embodiment differs from the power amplification circuit64according to the fourth embodiment in that the capacitance of a capacitor in a matching circuit can be changed.

When compared with the first circuit400in the power amplification circuit64(seeFIG. 27), the first circuit400in the power amplification circuit65includes a matching circuit442instead of the matching circuit441and further includes the switch control circuit402. The matching circuit442includes capacitors442a,442b,442c, and442d, inductors442eand442f, and a switch442g.

The matching circuit442adjusts the first impedance. The switch442gswitches the first impedance. Specifically, the inductor442ehas a first end and a second end, the first end being connected to the collector of the amplifier501of the second member210through the member-member connection conductor351j. The capacitor442ahas a first end and a second end. The first end is connected to the second end of the inductor442e, and the second end is grounded. The inductor442fhas a first end and a second end, the first end being connected to the second end of the inductor442e. The capacitor442bhas a first end and a second end, the first end being connected to the second end of the inductor442f. The switch442ghas a first end and a second end. The first end is connected to the second end of the capacitor442b, and the second end is grounded. The capacitor442chas a first end and a second end. The first end is connected to the second end of the inductor442f, and the second end is grounded. The capacitor442dhas a first end and a second end. The first end is connected to the second end of the inductor442f, and the second end is connected to the output terminal32of the module board310through a first conductive protrusion116among the first conductive protrusions116.

The switch442gis a switch substantially the same as the switch431and operates on the basis of a signal B9received from the switch control circuit402. In the present embodiment, the switch control circuit402switches on the switch442g, for example, in a case where the frequency band to which the output signal RFout belongs is low. In contrast, the switch control circuit402switches off the switch442g, for example, in a case where the frequency band to which the output signal RFout belongs is high.

Note that the switch control circuit402may perform control such that the switch442gis switched off in a case where the frequency band to which the output signal RFout belongs is low, and the switch442gis switched on in a case where the frequency band to which the output signal RFout belongs is high.

Moreover, the matching circuit442may have a configuration in which inductors are provided instead of the capacitors, and capacitors are provided instead of the inductors.

Sixth Embodiment

A power amplification device and a power amplification circuit according to a sixth embodiment will be described.

FIG. 30is a diagram for describing arrangement of a power amplification circuit66in a power amplification device16.FIG. 30schematically illustrates the arrangement of the power amplification circuit66in a cross section of the power amplification device16. As illustrated inFIG. 30, the power amplification circuit66according to the sixth embodiment differs from the power amplification circuit64according to the fourth embodiment in that a termination circuit and a matching circuit are connected to an amplifier of the second member210through the same member-member connection conductor.

In the present embodiment, the first member110is provided with a node N3, which is connected to the collector of the amplifier501of the second member210through the member-member connection conductor351i. The first end of the inductor411bin the termination circuit411ris connected to the node N3. The first end of the inductor441bin the matching circuit441is connected to the node N3.

For example, when a configuration is used in which an inductor (second inductor) like the redistribution line351e(seeFIG. 19) is provided as the member-member connection conductor351i, part of the inductor of the termination circuit411rcan be used as part of the inductor of the matching circuit441, and vice versa. Thus, an inductor installation space in the first member110can be reduced, and the size of the power amplification device16can be made compact.

Note that a configuration may also be used in which the inductor411band the inductor441bare not provided, the first end of the capacitor411aand the first end of the capacitor441aare connected to the member-member connection conductor351iserving as an inductor like the redistribution line351e. With such a configuration, the entirety of the inductor of the termination circuit411rcan be used as the entirety of the inductor of the matching circuit441, and vice versa. Thus, the inductor installation space in the first member110can further be reduced, and the size of the power amplification device16can be made more compact.

FIG. 31is a diagram for describing the matching circuit441c, which is a modification of the matching circuit441, in the power amplification circuit66. As illustrated inFIG. 31, the matching circuit441chas substantially the same configuration as the matching circuit441cillustrated inFIG. 28. In the present modification, the first end of the inductor441bin the matching circuit441cis connected to the node N3.

Seventh Embodiment

A power amplification device and a power amplification circuit according to a seventh embodiment will be described.

FIG. 32is a diagram for describing arrangement of a power amplification circuit67in a power amplification device17.FIG. 32schematically illustrates the arrangement of the power amplification circuit67in a cross section of the power amplification device17. As illustrated inFIG. 32, the power amplification circuit67according to the seventh embodiment differs from the power amplification circuit61according to the first embodiment in that an input signal is amplified by a differential amplifier circuit.

The power amplification circuit67further includes a balun602when compared with the power amplification circuit61(seeFIG. 7). When compared with the first circuit400in the power amplification circuit61(seeFIG. 7), the first circuit400in the power amplification circuit67includes the termination circuit411rinstead of the termination circuit411and further includes a termination circuit413(second termination circuit). When compared with the second circuit500in the power amplification circuit61(seeFIG. 7), the second circuit500in the power amplification circuit67further includes an amplifier501c(second amplifier).

In the present embodiment, the balun602is provided in the module board310. InFIG. 32, illustration of the bias circuit502and the input terminal31is omitted. The amplifier control circuit401further controls the operation of the amplifier501c. As a result, a bias is supplied to the base of the amplifier501cas in the case of the base of the amplifier501.

For example, an input signal RFin1(first signal) and an input signal RFin2(second signal) forming a balanced signal are supplied to the base of the amplifier501and the base of the amplifier501c, respectively. The input signals RFin1and RFin2are generated, for example, by dividing the input signal RFin, which is an unbalanced signal, using a balun into two signals that are about 180° out of phase with each other.

The amplifier501amplifies the input signal RFin1and outputs an amplified signal ARF1(first amplified signal). The amplifier501chas a base to which the input signal RFin2is to be supplied, a power-supply voltage supply node (not illustrated), a collector connected to the termination circuit413and the balun602, and an emitter grounded through a second conductive protrusion216among the second conductive protrusions216. The amplifier501camplifies the input signal RFin2and outputs an amplified signal ARF2(second amplified signal).

The termination circuit413is a series LC circuit having substantially the same configuration as the termination circuit411rand includes a capacitor413aand an inductor413b. The inductor413bhas a first end and a second end, the first end being connected to the collector of the amplifier501cof the second member210through a member-member connection conductor351m. The capacitor413ahas a first end and a second end. The first end is connected to the second end of the inductor413b, and the second end is grounded. The member-member connection conductor351mhas, for example, substantially the same configuration as the member-member connection conductor351i.

The balun602converts the amplified signal ARF1from the amplifier501and the amplified signal ARF2from the amplifier501cinto the output signal RFout (third amplified signal), which is an unbalanced signal. Specifically, the balun602combines the amplified signals ARF1and ARF2to generate the output signal RFout. The balun602outputs the output signal RFout to the output terminal32through the matching circuit601.

In the present embodiment, the balun602has an inductor602a(primary winding) and an inductor602b(secondary winding). The inductor602ahas a first end and a second end. The first end is connected to the collector of the amplifier501through a second conductive protrusion216among the second conductive protrusions216, and the second end is connected to the collector of the amplifier501cthrough a second conductive protrusion216among the second conductive protrusions216. The inductor602belectromagnetically couples to the inductor602aand has a first end and a second end. The first end is grounded, and the second end is connected to the matching circuit601.

The matching circuit601adjusts, regarding the fundamental wave of the output signal RFout, a third impedance when the circuits after the balun602are viewed from the balun602.

In this manner, with a configuration in which the module board310is provided with the balun602, which is large in size, the degree of flexibility of the layout of the first member110and the second member210can be improved.

Moreover, isolation can be ensured with a configuration in which the termination circuit411rand the termination circuit413are provided in the first member110, which is apart from the module board310to which the output signal RFout is transmitted. Thus, entering of a harmonic wave component into the output signal RFout can be suppressed.

Eighth Embodiment

A power amplification device and a power amplification circuit according to an eighth embodiment will be described.

FIG. 33is a diagram for describing arrangement of a power amplification circuit68in a power amplification device18.FIG. 33schematically illustrates the arrangement of the power amplification circuit68in a cross section of the power amplification device18. As illustrated inFIG. 33, the power amplification device18according to the eighth embodiment differs from the power amplification device17according to the seventh embodiment in that a matching circuit is provided in the first member110.

When compared with the power amplification circuit67(seeFIG. 32), the power amplification circuit68includes, instead of the matching circuit601, a matching circuit443included in the first circuit400. The matching circuit443includes capacitors443aa,443ab, and443ac. The capacitor443aahas a first end and a second end. The first end is connected to the second end of the inductor602bof the balun602of the module board310through a first conductive protrusion116among the first conductive protrusions116, and the second end is grounded.

The capacitor443abhas a first end and a second end. The first end is connected to the first end of the capacitor443aa, and the second end is grounded. The capacitor443achas a first end and a second end. The first end is connected to the first end of the capacitor443aa, and the second end is connected to the output terminal32of the module board310through a first conductive protrusion116among the first conductive protrusions116.

Ninth Embodiment

A power amplification device and a power amplification circuit according to a ninth embodiment will be described.

FIG. 34is a diagram for describing arrangement of a power amplification circuit69in a power amplification device19.FIG. 34schematically illustrates the arrangement of the power amplification circuit69in a cross section of the power amplification device19. As illustrated inFIG. 34, the power amplification circuit69according to the ninth embodiment differs from the power amplification circuit68according to the eighth embodiment in that the capacitance of a capacitor in a matching circuit can be changed.

When compared with the first circuit400in the power amplification circuit68(seeFIG. 33), the first circuit400in the power amplification circuit69includes a matching circuit443a(first matching circuit) instead of the matching circuit443and further includes the switch control circuit402. When compared with the matching circuit443(seeFIG. 33), the matching circuit443afurther includes switches443baand443bb. The matching circuit443aadjusts the third impedance, similarly to the matching circuit443. The switches443baand443bbswitch the third impedance.

Specifically, the switch443bahas a first end and a second end. The first end is connected to the second end of the inductor602bof the balun602of the module board310through a first conductive protrusion116among the first conductive protrusions116and to the first end of the capacitor443ac, and the second end is connected to the first end of the capacitor443aa. The switch443bbhas a first end and a second end. The first end is connected to the first end of the switch443ba, and the second end is connected to the first end of the capacitor443ab.

The switches443baand443bbare switches substantially the same as the switch431and respectively operate on the basis of signals B10and B11received from the switch control circuit402. In the present embodiment, the switch control circuit402controls the switches443baand443bbsuch that in a case where, for example, the frequency band to which the output signal RFout belongs is low, the combined capacitance of the capacitors443aaand443abincreases. Specifically, the switch control circuit402switches on both of the switches443baand443bb.

In contrast, the switch control circuit402controls the switches443baand443bbsuch that in a case where, for example, the frequency band to which the output signal RFout belongs is high, the combined capacitance of the capacitors443aaand443abdecreases. Specifically, the switch control circuit402switches on one out of the switches443baand443bb.

Note that the switch control circuit402may be configured to control the switches443baand443bbsuch that the combined capacitance of the capacitors443aaand443abdecreases in a case where the frequency band to which the output signal RFout belongs is low, and the combined capacitance of the capacitors443aaand443abincreases in a case where the frequency band to which the output signal RFout belongs is high.

The matching circuit443ahas been described as having a configuration that includes two of a pair of the capacitor443aaand the switch443ba; however, the matching circuit443amay have a configuration that includes three or more of the pair.

Tenth Embodiment

A power amplification device and a power amplification circuit according to a tenth embodiment will be described.

FIG. 35is a diagram for describing arrangement of a power amplification circuit70in a power amplification device20.FIG. 35schematically illustrates the arrangement of the power amplification circuit70in a cross section of the power amplification device20. As illustrated inFIG. 35, the power amplification circuit70according to the tenth embodiment differs from the power amplification circuit61according to the first embodiment in that power is supplied to the amplifier501using average power tracking (APT) or envelope tracking (ET).

The power amplification device20further includes a power source751when compared with the power amplification device11(seeFIG. 7). When compared with the first circuit400in the power amplification circuit61(seeFIG. 7), the first circuit400in the power amplification circuit70includes the termination circuit411rinstead of the termination circuit411.

The power source751applies a power source voltage to the collector of the amplifier501using, for example, average power tracking (APT) or envelope tracking (ET).

Specifically, the module board310is provided with a node N4, which is connected to the collector of the amplifier501through a second conductive protrusion216among the second conductive protrusions216. An input-side terminal of the matching circuit601, namely the first end of the capacitor601a(seeFIG. 6), is connected to the node N4. The power source751is, for example, provided outside the module board310and is connected to the node N4of the module board310through a power supply terminal33.

With such a configuration, the power consumption of the amplifier501can be reduced, and the amplifier501can be efficiently operated.

Eleventh Embodiment

A power amplification device and a power amplification circuit according to an eleventh embodiment will be described.

FIG. 36is a diagram for describing arrangement of a power amplification circuit71in a power amplification device21.FIG. 37is a diagram illustrating details of a 90-degree phase shift circuit444and an output matching circuit445illustrated inFIG. 36.FIGS. 36 and 37schematically illustrate arrangement of the power amplification circuit71in a cross section of the power amplification device21. As illustrated inFIGS. 36 and 37, the power amplification circuit71according to the eleventh embodiment differs from the power amplification circuit61according to the first embodiment in that amplification is performed by the Doherty amplifier.

When compared with the first circuit400in the power amplification circuit61(seeFIG. 7), the first circuit400in the power amplification circuit71includes the termination circuit411rinstead of the termination circuit411and further includes the switch control circuit402, the termination circuit413(second termination circuit), the 90-degree phase shift circuit444, and the output matching circuit445(first matching circuit). When compared with the second circuit500in the power amplification circuit61(seeFIG. 7), the second circuit500in the power amplification circuit71further includes the amplifier501c(second amplifier).

InFIG. 36, illustration of the bias circuit502and the input terminal31is omitted. In the present embodiment, a splitter that is not illustrated is provided before the amplifier501and the amplifier501c. The splitter splits the input signal RFin into an input signal RFin3(first signal) and an input signal RFin4(second signal) having a phase delay of about 90 degrees with respect to the input signal RFin3.

The amplifier501is, for example, a peak amplifier and is biased to class C. The amplifier501amplifies the input signal RFin4to output an amplified signal ARF4(second amplified signal) when the power level of the input signal RFin4indicates a predetermined power level or higher.

The amplifier control circuit401further controls the operation of the amplifier501c. As a result, a bias is supplied to the base of the amplifier501cas in the case of the base of the amplifier501. In the present embodiment, the amplifier501cis, for example, a carrier amplifier and is biased to class A, class AB, or class B. That is, regardless of the power level of the input signal RFin3such as low instantaneous input power, the amplifier501amplifies the input signal RFin3to output an amplified signal ARF3(first amplified signal).

The 90-degree phase shift circuit444shifts the phase of the amplified signal ARF3. Specifically, the 90-degree phase shift circuit444delays the phase of the amplified signal ARF3by about 90°. As a result, the phase of the amplified signal ARF3can be made to match with the phase of the amplified signal ARF4at the subsequent stage of the 90-degree phase shift circuit444.

The output matching circuit445generates the output signal RFout (third amplified signal) by combining the amplified signal ARF4, which is supplied from the amplifier501through a node N5, and the input signal RFin3, which is supplied from the amplifier501cthrough the 90-degree phase shift circuit444and the node N5. Moreover, the output matching circuit445adjusts, regarding the fundamental wave of the output signal RFout, a fourth impedance when the circuits after the amplifiers501and501care viewed from the amplifiers501and501c. The output matching circuit445outputs the output signal RFout to the output terminal32through a first conductive protrusion116among the first conductive protrusions116.

The capacitor444aaof the 90-degree phase shift circuit444has a first end and a second end. The first end is connected to the collector of the amplifier501cof the second member210through the member-member connection conductor351m, and the second end is grounded through a first conductive protrusion116among the first conductive protrusions116. The capacitor444abhas a first end and a second end, the first end being connected to the first end of the capacitor444aa. The switch444cahas a first end and a second end. The first end is connected to the second end of the capacitor444ab, and the second end is connected to the second end of the capacitor444aa.

The inductor444bhas a first end and a second end. The first end is connected to the first end of the capacitor444aa, and the second end is connected to the node N5.

The capacitor444achas a first end and a second end. The first end is connected to the node N5, and the second end is grounded through a first conductive protrusion116among the first conductive protrusions116. The capacitor444adhas a first end and a second end, the first end being connected to the node N5. The switch444cbhas a first end and a second end. The first end is connected to the second end of the capacitor444ad, and the second end is connected to the second end of the capacitor444ac.

The switches444caand444cbare switches substantially the same as the switch431and respectively operate on the basis of signals B12and B13received from the switch control circuit402. In the present embodiment, the switch control circuit402switches on the switches444caand444cb, for example, in a case where the frequency band to which the amplified signal ARF3belongs is low. In contrast, the switch control circuit402switches off the switches444caand444cb, for example, in a case where the frequency band to which the amplified signal ARF3belongs is high.

Note that the switch control circuit402may have a configuration with which the switches444caand444cbare switched off in a case where the frequency band to which the amplified signal ARF3belongs is low, and the switches444caand444cbare switched on in a case where the frequency band to which the amplified signal ARF3belongs is high.

The capacitor445aaof the output matching circuit445has a first end and a second end. The first end is connected to the node N5, and the second end is grounded through a first conductive protrusion116among the first conductive protrusions116. The capacitor445abhas a first end and a second end, the first end being connected to the first end of the capacitor445aa. The switch445cahas a first end and a second end. The first end is connected to the second end of the capacitor445ab, and the second end is connected to the second end of the capacitor445aa.

The inductor445bahas a first end and a second end, the first end being connected to the node N5. The capacitor445achas a first end and a second end. The first end is connected to the second end of the inductor445ba, and the second end is grounded through a first conductive protrusion116among the first conductive protrusions116. The capacitor445adhas a first end and a second end, the first end being connected to the first end of the capacitor445ac. The switch445cbhas a first end and a second end. The first end is connected to the second end of the capacitor445ad, and the second end is connected to the second end of the capacitor445ac.

The inductor445bbhas a first end and a second end, the first end being connected to the second end of the inductor445ba. The capacitor445aehas a first end and a second end. The first end is connected to the second end of the inductor445bb, and the second end is grounded through a first conductive protrusion116among the first conductive protrusions116. The capacitor445afhas a first end and a second end, the first end being connected to the first end of the capacitor445ae. The switch445cchas a first end and a second end. The first end is connected to the second end of the capacitor445af, and the second end is connected to the second end of the capacitor445ae.

The capacitor445aghas a first end and a second end. The first end is connected to the second end of the inductor445bb, and the second end is connected to the output terminal32of the module board310through the first conductive protrusion116.

The switches445ca,445cb, and445ccare switches substantially the same as the switch431and respectively operate on the basis of signals B14, B15, and B17received from the switch control circuit402. In the present embodiment, the switch control circuit402switches on the switches445ca,445cb, and445cc, for example, in a case where the frequency band to which the output signal RFout belongs is low. In contrast, the switch control circuit402switches off the switches445ca,445cb, and445cc, for example, in a case where the frequency band to which the output signal RFout belongs is high.

Note that the switch control circuit402may have a configuration with which the switches445ca,445cb, and445ccare switched off in a case where the frequency band to which the output signal RFout belongs is low, and the switches445ca,445cb, and445ccare switched on in a case where the frequency band to which the output signal RFout belongs is high.

Twelfth Embodiment

A power amplification device and a power amplification circuit according to a twelfth embodiment will be described.

FIG. 38is a diagram for describing arrangement of a power amplification circuit72in a power amplification device22.FIG. 38schematically illustrates the arrangement of the power amplification circuit72in a cross section of the power amplification device22. As illustrated inFIG. 38, the power amplification circuit72according to the twelfth embodiment differs from the power amplification circuit65according to the fifth embodiment in that the termination circuit411rand the matching circuit442are grounded outside the first member110.

In the second circuit500in the second member210, a node N6is provided between the emitter of the amplifier501and a second conductive protrusion216among the second conductive protrusions216.

In the first circuit400in the first member110, the second end of the capacitor442aincluded in the matching circuit442is grounded on the module board310through a first conductive protrusion116among the first conductive protrusions116. The second end of the capacitor442cis grounded on the module board310through a first conductive protrusion116among the first conductive protrusions116.

The second end of the capacitor411aincluded in the termination circuit411ris connected to the node N6through a member-member connection conductor351n. That is, the termination circuit411ris grounded on the module board310through the member-member connection conductor351n, the node N6, and a second conductive protrusion216among the second conductive protrusions216. The member-member connection conductor351nhas, for example, substantially the same configuration as the member-member connection conductor351i.

For example, an arrangement is conceivable in which the termination circuit411rand the matching circuit442are grounded on a common ground terminal provided in the first member110. However, with an arrangement like this, there is a high probability that a harmonic wave transferred by the termination circuit411renters the matching circuit442through the common ground terminal, and thus such an arrangement is not preferred.

In contrast to this, the power amplification circuit72has a configuration in which the termination circuit411ris grounded on the module board310through the member-member connection conductor351n, the second member210, and a second conductive protrusion216among the second conductive protrusions216. With this configuration, the length of a path between the termination circuit411rand the matching circuit442through ground can be increased. As a result, entering of a harmonic wave from the termination circuit411rinto the matching circuit442through ground can be suppressed, and thus a high quality output signal RFout having a low level of harmonic wave noise can be supplied to a subsequent-stage circuit.

Note that the configuration has been described in which the amplifier501and the termination circuit411rare grounded on the module board310through the same second conductive protrusion216; however, the configuration is not limited thereto. A configuration may be used in which the amplifier501and the termination circuit411rare grounded on the module board310through respective second conductive protrusions216among the second conductive protrusions216.

FIG. 39is a diagram for describing a modification of the arrangement of the power amplification circuit68in the power amplification device18.FIG. 40is a diagram for describing a modification of the arrangement of the power amplification circuit71in the power amplification device21. As illustrated inFIGS. 39 and 40, the way in which the termination circuit411rof the power amplification device22is grounded (seeFIG. 38) can be similarly applied to the termination circuits411rand413in the power amplification device18(seeFIG. 33) and the power amplification device21(seeFIG. 36).

In this case, in the second circuit500in the second member210, a node N7is provided between the emitter of the amplifier501cand a second conductive protrusion216among the second conductive protrusions216.

The second end of the capacitor413aincluded in the termination circuit413is connected to the node N7through a member-member connection conductor351p. That is, the termination circuit413is grounded on the module board310through the member-member connection conductor351p, the node N7, and a second conductive protrusion216among the second conductive protrusions216. The member-member connection conductor351phas, for example, substantially the same configuration as the member-member connection conductor351i.

Note that the configuration has been described in which the amplifier501cand the termination circuit413are grounded on the module board310through the same second conductive protrusion216; however, the configuration is not limited thereto. A configuration may be used in which the amplifier501cand the termination circuit413are grounded on the module board310through respective second conductive protrusions216among the second conductive protrusions216.

In the power amplification devices11to22, the configuration has been described in which the first circuit400of the first member110and the second circuit500of the second member210are electrically connected to each other by a conductor formed in or on either the first member110or the second member210, which is for example a member-member connection conductor; however, the configuration is not limited thereto. A configuration may be used in which the first circuit400and the second circuit500are electrically connected to each other by bumps or wire bonding.

The layouts of the power amplification circuits63to72in the power amplification devices13to22can be realized by combining, as appropriate, individual portions of the layout of the power amplification circuit61in the power amplification device11and individual portions of the layout of the power amplification circuit62in the power amplification device12.

The configurations have been described in which the power amplification devices11to22have the module board310; however, the configurations are not limited thereto. Each of the power amplification devices11to22may have a configuration that does not have the module board310.

In the above, exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure have been described. The power amplification devices11to22have the first member110, in which the first circuit400is formed, the second member210, in which the second circuit500is formed, the member-member connection conductors, which electrically connect the first circuit400and the second circuit500to each other. The second member210is mounted on the first member110. The second circuit500includes the amplifier501, which amplifies an RF signal to output the output signal RFout. The first circuit400includes the amplifier control circuit401, which controls the operation of the second circuit500. At least part of the termination circuit411is formed in the first member110, the at least part of the termination circuit411being connected to the amplifier501through a member-member connection conductor and attenuating the harmonic wave component of the output signal RFout.

For example, in a case where the termination circuit411is provided in the second member210, the termination circuit411and a transmission path for the output signal RFout become physically close to each other, and there is a high likelihood that the harmonic wave component enters the transmission path. In contrast to this, by using a configuration in which at least part of the termination circuit411is formed in the first member110, which is separate from the second member210provided with the amplifier501, the termination circuit411can be positioned away from the transmission path for the output signal RFout. As a result, entering of a harmonic wave component into the transmission path for the output signal RFout can be suppressed, and thus radiation of a harmonic wave component from the transmission path can be suppressed, and the output signal RFout into which entering of a harmonic wave component is suppressed can be supplied to another device such as a subsequent-stage circuit. Thus, entering of a harmonic wave into another device can be suppressed, the harmonic wave being included in an amplified signal that is a signal amplified by an amplifier.

In the power amplification device11, the termination circuit411includes the inductor411b, which is formed in the first member110.

In this manner, the inductor411b, which is large in size, is formed in the first member110. With this configuration, the major portion of the termination circuit411can be formed in the first member110. Thus, the major portion of the termination circuit411can be positioned away from the transmission path for the output signal RFout.

In the power amplification device12, the termination circuit701includes a second inductor formed by the member-member connection conductor351isuch as the redistribution line351e.

With a configuration like this, the second inductor can be easily positioned away from the transmission path for the output signal RFout. Moreover, the member-member connection conductor351ican be caused to have the function of an inductor, and thus the space for the member-member connection conductor351iis effectively used, and the degree of freedom of layout can be improved.

In the power amplification device12, the termination circuit701includes the switches431and432, which switch the frequency of a harmonic wave component to be attenuated. In the power amplification device13, the termination circuit412includes the switches412caand412cb, which switch the frequency of a harmonic wave component to be attenuated.

In general, the harmonic frequency band that a termination circuit can attenuate is limited to a certain frequency range. With the above configuration, the frequency range in which a harmonic wave can be efficiently attenuated can be widen by the switches431and432and the switches412caand412cb, and thus the power amplification devices12and13can be provided that supply a high-quality output signal RFout into which entering of a harmonic wave component is suppressed over the wide frequency band.

In the power amplification device12, part of the matching circuit702is formed in the first member110, the matching circuit702adjusting, regarding the fundamental wave of the output signal RFout, the first impedance when the circuits after the amplifier501are viewed from the amplifier501. The matching circuit702includes the switches433and434, which switch the first impedance. In the power amplification device15, at least part of the matching circuit442, which adjusts the first impedance, is formed in the first member110. The matching circuit442includes the switch442g, which switches the first impedance.

In general, the frequency band for which a matching circuit can achieve impedance matching between circuits is limited to a certain frequency range. With the above configuration, the frequency range in which impedance matching can be effectively achieved between the amplifier501and the circuits after the amplifier501can be widen by the switches433and434and the switch442g, and thus the power amplification device12can be efficiently operated over the wide frequency band.

In the power amplification device16, part of the termination circuit411ris formed in the first member110. Part of the matching circuit441is formed in the first member110, the matching circuit441adjusting, regarding the fundamental wave of the output signal RFout, the first impedance when the circuits after the amplifier501are viewed from the amplifier501. The termination circuit411rand the matching circuit441include a second inductor that is formed by the member-member connection conductor351isuch as the redistribution line351eand that is connected to the amplifier501.

With such a configuration, part of the inductor of the termination circuit411rcan be used as part of the inductor of the matching circuit441, and vice versa. Thus, the inductor installation space in the first member110can be reduced, and the size of the power amplification device16can be made compact.

In the power amplification device17, an RF signal includes the input signal RFin1and the input signal RFin2forming a balanced signal. The amplifier501amplifies the input signal RFin1to output the amplified signal ARF1. The second circuit500further includes the amplifier501c, which amplifies the input signal RFin2to output the amplified signal ARF2. The amplifier control circuit401further controls the operation of the amplifier501c. At least part of the termination circuit413is formed in the first member110, the termination circuit413being connected to the amplifier501cthrough the member-member connection conductor351mand attenuating the harmonic wave component of the amplified signal ARF2.

In this manner, even in the differential amplification configuration, the termination circuit413can be positioned away from a transmission path for the amplified signal ARF2by using a configuration in which at least part of the termination circuit413is formed in the first member110, which is separate from the second member210provided with the amplifier501c. As a result, entering of the harmonic wave component into the amplified signal ARF2can be suppressed.

The RF circuit module300has the power amplification device17and the module board310having the substrate-side electrodes312. The second member210has the second conductive protrusions216, which are to be connected to the substrate-side electrodes312of the module board310. By using the second conductive protrusions216, the second member210is mounted on the module board310by flip chip bonding. The module board310is provided with the balun602, which converts the amplified signals ARF1and ARF2supplied through the second conductive protrusions216into the output signal RFout, which is an unbalanced signal.

In this manner, with a configuration in which the module board310is provided with the balun602, which is large in size, the space for arranging a balun in the second member210or the first member110does not have to be ensured. The size of the second member210and that of the first member110can thus be reduced.

In the power amplification device19, the first member110has the first conductive protrusions116, which are to be connected to the substrate-side electrodes311of the module board310. By using the first conductive protrusions116, the first member110is mounted on the module board310by flip chip bonding. The matching circuit443a, to which the output signal RFout is supplied from the balun602through a first conductive protrusion116among the first conductive protrusions116and which adjusts, regarding the fundamental wave of the output signal RFout, the third impedance when the circuits after the balun602are viewed from the balun602, is formed in the first member110. The matching circuit443aincludes the switches443baand443bb, which switch the third impedance.

In general, the frequency band for which a matching circuit can achieve impedance matching between circuits is limited to a certain frequency range. With the above configuration, the frequency range in which impedance matching can be effectively achieved between the balun602and the circuits after the balun602can be widen by the switches443baand443bb, and thus the power amplification device19can be efficiently operated over the wide frequency band.

In the power amplification device21, an RF signal includes the input signal RFin3and the input signal RFin4, into which the RF signal is split, the input signal RFin4having a different phase from the input signal RFin3. The amplifier501amplifies the input signal RFin4to output the amplified signal ARF4when the power level of the input signal RFin4indicates a predetermined power level or higher. The second circuit500further includes the amplifier501c, which amplifies the input signal RFin3to output the amplified signal ARF3. The amplifier control circuit401further controls the operation of the amplifier501c. At least part of the termination circuit413is formed in the first member110, the termination circuit413being connected to the amplifier501cthrough the member-member connection conductor351mand attenuating the harmonic wave component of the amplified signal ARF3.

In this manner, even in the configuration of the Doherty amplification circuit, the termination circuit413can be positioned away from a transmission path for the amplified signal ARF3by using a configuration in which at least part of the termination circuit413is formed in the first member110, which is separate from the second member210provided with the amplifier501c. As a result, entering of the harmonic wave component into the amplified signal ARF3can be suppressed.

In the power amplification device21, the first circuit400includes the 90-degree phase shift circuit444, which shifts the phase of the amplified signal ARF3. The 90-degree phase shift circuit444includes the switches444caand444cb, which switch the amount of shift of the phase.

In general, the frequency range for which a phase shift circuit can shift the phase of a signal by 90° is narrow. That is, it has been difficult to shift the phase of a signal by 90° over a wide frequency band. With the above configuration, the amount of shift of the phase of the amplified signal ARF3can be switched by the switches444caand444cb, and thus the amount of shift can be switched in accordance with the frequency of the amplified signal ARF3, and the phase of the amplified signal ARF3can be shifted by, for example, 90° over a wide frequency band.

In the power amplification device21, the output matching circuit445is formed in the first member110. The output matching circuit445combines the amplified signals ARF3and ARF4to generate the output signal RFout and adjusts, regarding the fundamental wave of the output signal RFout, the fourth impedance when the circuits after the amplifiers501and501care viewed from the amplifiers501and501c. The output matching circuit445includes the switches445ca,445cb, and445cc, which switch the fourth impedance.

In general, the frequency band for which a matching circuit can achieve impedance matching between circuits is limited to a certain frequency range. With the above configuration, even in the configuration of the Doherty amplification circuit, the frequency range in which impedance matching can be effectively achieved between the amplifiers501and501cand the circuits after the amplifiers501and501ccan be widen by the switches445ca,445cb, and445cc, and thus the power amplification device21can be efficiently operated over the wide frequency band.

The RF circuit module300has the power amplification device22and the module board310having the substrate-side electrodes312. The second member210has the second conductive protrusions216, which are connected to the substrate-side electrodes312of the module board310. The amplifier501is grounded through a second conductive protrusion216among the second conductive protrusions216. The termination circuit411ris grounded through the second member210and the second conductive protrusion216.

For example, in a case where the first member110is provided with a matching circuit, an arrangement is conceivable in which the termination circuit411rand the matching circuit are grounded on a common ground terminal provided in the first member110. However, with an arrangement like this, there is a high probability that a harmonic wave transferred by the termination circuit411renters the matching circuit through the common ground terminal, and thus such an arrangement is not preferred. As described above, with the configuration in which the termination circuit411ris grounded on the module board310through the second member210and the second conductive protrusion216, the length of a path between the termination circuit411rand the matching circuit through ground can be increased. As a result, entering of a harmonic wave from the termination circuit411rinto the matching circuit through ground can be suppressed, and thus a high quality output signal RFout having a low level of harmonic wave noise can be supplied to a subsequent-stage circuit. Moreover, for example, the second conductive protrusion216can be used for both of the grounding path for the amplifier501and the grounding path for the termination circuit411r, and thus the number of second conductive protrusions216can be reduced.

The RF circuit module300includes the power amplification device18or21or both and the module board310having the substrate-side electrodes312. The second member210has the second conductive protrusions216, which are connected to the substrate-side electrodes312of the module board310. The amplifier501cis grounded through a second conductive protrusion216among the second conductive protrusions216. The termination circuit413is grounded through the second member210and the second conductive protrusion216.

For example, in a case where the first member110is provided with a matching circuit, an arrangement is conceivable in which the termination circuit413and the matching circuit are grounded on a common ground terminal provided in the first member110. However, with an arrangement like this, there is a high probability that a harmonic wave transferred by the termination circuit413enters the matching circuit through the common ground terminal, and thus such an arrangement is not preferred. As described above, with the configuration in which the termination circuit413is grounded on the module board310through the second member210and the second conductive protrusion216, the length of a path between the termination circuit413and the matching circuit through ground can be increased. As a result, entering of a harmonic wave from the termination circuit413into the matching circuit through ground can be suppressed, and thus a high quality output signal RFout having a low level of harmonic wave noise can be supplied to a subsequent-stage circuit. Moreover, for example, the second conductive protrusion216can be used for both of the grounding path for the amplifier501cand the grounding path for the termination circuit413, and thus the number of second conductive protrusions216can be reduced.

The RF circuit module300has one out of the power amplification devices11to22and the module board310having the substrate-side electrodes311and312. The first member110has the first conductive protrusions116, which are to be connected to the substrate-side electrodes311of the module board310. By using the first conductive protrusions116, the first member110is mounted on the module board310by flip chip bonding. The member-member connection conductor is a conductor formed in or on either the first member110or the second member210and electrically connects the first circuit400and the second circuit500to each other without using the module board310. The second member210has the second conductive protrusions216, which are connected to the substrate-side electrodes312of the module board310.

In this manner, with the configuration in which the first member110is mounted on the module board310by flip chip bonding, the space for arranging pads and wires for wire bonding is unnecessary, so that the entire sizes of the power amplification devices11to22can be reduced. Each of the first circuit400and the second circuit500can be electrically connected to the module board310with the configuration in which the first member110has the first conductive protrusions116connected to the substrate-side electrodes311of the module board310, and the second member210has the second conductive protrusions216connected to the substrate-side electrodes312of the module board310. With the configuration in which the first circuit400and the second circuit500are electrically connected to each other by the member-member connection conductor without using the module board310, forming of a wiring line for connecting the first circuit400and the second circuit500to each other in or on the module board310can be made unnecessary. As a result, the entire sizes of the power amplification devices11to22can be reduced. Heat generated by, for example, the amplifier501included in the second circuit500formed in the second member210can be transferred along two paths, which are a heat dissipation path to the first member110and a heat dissipation path to the module board310, and thus heat can be released and wasted highly efficiently. As a result, there can be realized the power amplification devices11to22that are miniaturized without constraints based on heat dissipation characteristics or the power amplification devices11to22that are small in size but have high heat dissipation characteristics.

The RF circuit module300has one out of the power amplification devices11to22and the module board310having the substrate-side electrodes312. The second member210has one or more second conductive protrusions216connected to the substrate-side electrodes312of the module board310. A second conductive protrusion216aamong the one or more second conductive protrusions216is provided so as to overlap the amplifier501when the second member210is viewed in a plan view from the −z axis side.

With a configuration like this, heat generated by the amplifier501can be efficiently transferred to the module board310through the second conductive protrusion216aand released at the module board310, and thus a rise in the temperature of the amplifier501can be effectively suppressed.

In the power amplification devices11to22, in the first member110, the heat spreader131is provided at a position that overlaps the amplifier501when the second member210is viewed in a plan view from the −z axis side.

With a configuration like this, heat generated by the amplifier501can be efficiently transferred to the heat spreader131and can be efficiently released at the heat spreader131, and thus a rise in the temperature of the amplifier501can be effectively suppressed.

In the power amplification device12, the termination circuit701includes the inductor651having the first end, the center tap651a, and the second end. The first end is connected to the amplifier501, and the second end is grounded. The termination circuit701includes the switch431, which is a switch having the first end and the second end and which switches between conducting and nonconducting between the first end and the second end, the first end being connected to the center tap651aand the second end being grounded.

With a configuration like this, the effective length of the inductor651can be switched using a simple configuration of the switch431connected to the center tap651a, and thus switching of inductance in the termination circuit701can be easily achieved.

In the power amplification device12, the matching circuit702includes the inductor652having the first end, the center tap652a, and the second end. The first end is connected to the amplifier501, and the second end is connected to the output terminal32. The matching circuit702includes the switch433, which is a switch having the first end and the second end and which switches between conducting and nonconducting between the first end and the second end, the first end being connected to the center tap652aand the second end being connected to the output terminal32.

With a configuration like this, the effective length of the inductor652can be switched using a simple configuration of the switch433connected to the center tap652a, and thus switching of inductance in the matching circuit702can be easily achieved.

In the power amplification device12, at least part of the matching circuit703is formed in the first member110, the matching circuit703adjusting, regarding the fundamental wave of the input signal RFin, the second impedance when the amplifier501is viewed from the input terminal31. The matching circuit703includes the inductor653having the first end, the center tap653a, and the second end. The first end is connected to the input terminal31, and the second end is connected to the amplifier501via the capacitor423. The matching circuit703includes the switch435, which is a switch having the first end and the second end and which switches between conducting and nonconducting between the first end and the second end, the first end being connected to the input terminal31and the second end being connected to the center tap653a.

With a configuration like this, the effective length of the inductor653can be switched using a simple configuration of the switch435connected to the center tap653a, and thus switching of inductance in the matching circuit703can be easily achieved.

In the power amplification devices11to22, the first member110is an element semiconductor member. The second member210is a compound semiconductor member.

With a configuration like this, in the second member210, the amplifier501, which is a high-performance amplifier, can be formed from a compound semiconductor. In the first member110, an element semiconductor appropriate to form an FET or the like can be used as a material, and thus a switch or the like can be formed in the first member110.

In the power amplification devices11to22, the thermal conductivity of the first member110is greater than that of the second member210.

With a configuration like this, regarding heat generated by the amplifier501, the amount of heat released at the second member210, which is low in thermal conductivity, is small; however, the heat can be released at the first member110by transferring the heat to the first member110through the member-member connection conductor. As a result, a rise in the temperature of the amplifier501can be effectively suppressed.

In the power amplification devices11to22, the second member210is thinner than the first member110.

In this manner, regarding the power amplification devices11to22, the entire thickness can be reduced with the configuration in which the second member210, which is thin, is mounted on the first member110, which is thick, even though the power amplification devices11to22have two-chip stacking structures.

Note that the individual embodiments described above are used to facilitate understanding of the present disclosure and are not intended to interpret the present disclosure in a limited manner. The present disclosure can be modified or improved without departing from the gist of the present disclosure and includes equivalents thereof. That is, embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art through addition of design changes to the individual embodiments as appropriate are also included in the scope of the present disclosure as long as the embodiments have characteristics of the present disclosure. For example, each element included in the individual embodiments and, for example, the arrangement, material, condition, shape, and size of the element is not limited to those illustrated and can be changed as appropriate. Moreover, the individual embodiments are examples, and it is needless to say that the structures of different embodiments among the individual embodiments can be partially replaced or combined and the resulting embodiments are also included in the scope of the present disclosure as long as the embodiments have characteristics of the present disclosure.