Air conditioning apparatus

An air conditioning apparatus includes an aluminum heat exchanger, an aluminum gas pipe, an aluminum liquid pipe and a copper gas pipe. The aluminum heat exchanger performs heat exchange between air and a refrigerant, and is disposed upright. The aluminum gas pipe channels gas refrigerant, and extends from a side part of the aluminum heat exchanger. The aluminum liquid pipe channels liquid refrigerant, and extends from an area below the aluminum gas pipe in the side part of the aluminum heat exchanger. The copper gas pipe channels gas refrigerant. The aluminum gas pipe is connected in a connecting part to the copper gas pipe from above the copper gas pipe. The aluminum pipe is disposed in an area outside of directly under the connecting part of the aluminum gas pipe and the copper gas pipe.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This U.S. National stage application claims priority under 35 U.S.C. §119(a) to Japanese Patent Application No. 2011-280825, filed in Japan on Dec. 22, 2011, the entire contents of which are hereby incorporated herein by reference.

TECHNICAL FIELD

The present invention relates to an air conditioning apparatus, and particularly relates to an air conditioning apparatus comprising an aluminum heat exchanger.

BACKGROUND ART

Recently there has been use of aluminum and/or aluminum alloys not only in the tins of heat exchangers, but also in the heat transfer tubes and/or the header pipes of heat exchangers, in order to reduce the weight of heat exchangers. Heat exchangers in which aluminum and/or an aluminum alloy are used for the fins, heat transfer tubes, and header pipes are referred to below as aluminum heat exchangers. Piping made from copper and/or a copper alloy (referred to below as copper piping) is used as piping for circulating refrigerant in aluminum heat exchangers.

In a heat exchanger for performing heat exchange between air and a refrigerant, the components of the heat exchanger have a lower temperature than the dew-point temperature of air, and dew condensation often occurs due to the moisture in the air. If dew condensation occurs in copper piping, there will be copper ions in the dew condensation water. When dew condensation water containing copper ions gets on an aluminum heat exchanger, it could lead to corrosion. Therefore, there are cases in which a falling water droplet preventative piping section inclined downward from the heat exchanger toward the refrigerant line is provided in order to prevent dew condensation water containing copper ions from dripping down onto the aluminum heat exchanger, as is indicated in Japanese Laid-open Patent Application No. 6-300303.

SUMMARY

Technical Problem

When copper and/or a copper alloy, which has a small tendency to ionize, is directly connected to aluminum and/or an aluminum alloy, which has a large tendency to ionize, corrosion advances readily in the aluminum members because of the difference in ionization tendency, and it is therefore preferable not to directly connect copper piping to header pipes made of aluminum and/or an aluminum alloy. In such cases, the copper piping is connected to a gas pipe (referred to as an aluminum gas pipe below) and/or a liquid pipe (referred to as an aluminum liquid pipe below) which are made of aluminum and/or an aluminum alloy and which are drawn out of aluminum header pipes.

With an outdoor heat exchanger of an air conditioning apparatus. For example, when the heat exchanger functions as an evaporator of refrigerant during a heating operation, comparatively low-temperature gas refrigerant flows in through a gas pipe of the outdoor heat exchanger, and there are cases in which moisture condenses on the surface of the gas pipe. Therefore, it is not enough merely to prevent dew condensation water containing copper ions from dripping down onto the aluminum heat exchanger, and portions of contact between aluminum pipes and copper piping should be designed while taking heed of water droplets and the like that could fall from copper piping positioned in spaces above aluminum pipes.

An object of the present invention is to prevent corrosion of an aluminum liquid pipe and/or an aluminum gas pipe extending from an aluminum heat exchanger.

Solution to Problem

An air conditioning apparatus according to a first aspect of the present invention comprises: an aluminum heat exchanger for performing heat exchange between air and a refrigerant, the heat exchanger being disposed upright; an aluminum gas pipe for channeling gas refrigerant, the aluminum gas pipe extending from a side part of the aluminum heat exchanger; an aluminum liquid pipe for channeling liquid refrigerant, the aluminum liquid pipe extending from an area below the aluminum gas pipe in the side part of the aluminum heat exchanger; and a copper gas pipe for channeling gas refrigerant; the aluminum gas pipe being connected in a connecting part to the copper gas pipe from above the copper gas pipe; and the aluminum liquid pipe being disposed in an area outside of directly under the connecting part of the aluminum gas pipe and the copper gas pipe.

The concept of the area directly below the connecting part of the aluminum gas pipe and the copper gas pipe includes the area directly below the bottom end of the copper gas pipe when the pipe is inclined. In other words, the area directly below the bottom end of the copper gas pipe is not equivalent to the area outside of directly under.

The concept of the aluminum members includes members made of aluminum or an aluminum alloy, and the concept of the copper members includes members made of copper or a copper alloy. The concept of these members also includes heat exchangers, the structural components or various pipes thereof, and the like.

In the air conditioning apparatus according to the first aspect, because the aluminum gas pipe is connected from above the copper gas pipe, dew condensation water containing copper ions forming by dew condensation on the copper gas pipe does not get on the aluminum gas pipe by running down the gas pipe below. Because the aluminum liquid pipe is not disposed directly below the part connecting with the copper gas pipe, dew condensation water containing copper ions forming on the copper gas pipe does not readily get on the aluminum liquid pipe as well. This prevents the progress of corrosion of the aluminum gas pipe and the aluminum liquid pipe caused by dew condensation water containing copper ions forming on the copper gas pipe.

An air conditioning apparatus according to a second aspect of the present invention is the air conditioning apparatus according to the first aspect, further comprising a copper liquid pipe for channeling liquid refrigerant, the aluminum liquid pipe having a first turn-back part extending upward from the side part of the aluminum heat exchanger and then forming a U-turn to extend downward, and the copper liquid pipe being connected to an end of the first turn-back part from below.

In the air conditioning apparatus according to the second aspect, the first turn-back part of the aluminum liquid pipe makes it possible to prevent water droplets spreading over the copper liquid pipe from reaching the aluminum heat exchanger, and it is possible to prevent corrosion of the aluminum heat exchanger by water containing copper ions that spreads of the copper liquid pipe.

An air conditioning apparatus according to a third aspect of the present invention is the air conditioning apparatus according to the second aspect, wherein the aluminum gas pipe extends in the same direction in which the aluminum liquid pipe extends, and has a second turn-back part extending upward from the side part of the aluminum heat exchanger and then forming a U-turn to extend downward, the copper as pipe being connected to the end of the second turn-back part from below, and the second turn-back part being disposed in an orientation that intersects the first turn-back part in a plan view.

In the air conditioning apparatus according to the third aspect, due to the second turn-back part of the aluminum gas pipe and the first turn-back part being disposed in intersecting orientations, the aluminum gas pipe, the aluminum liquid pipe, the copper gas pipe and the copper liquid pipe can be kept within the range of the vertical length of the heat exchanger while preventing corrosion of the aluminum liquid pipe caused by dripping of water droplets containing copper ions.

An air conditioning apparatus according to a fourth aspect of the present invention is the air conditioning apparatus according to any of the first through third aspects, wherein the aluminum heat exchanger has a plurality of aluminum flat pipes, a header pipe to which the aluminum flat pipes are connected, and a plurality of aluminum fins bonded to the flat pipes, the heat exchanger being configured so that fluid flowing inside the flat pipes exchanges heat with air flowing over the exterior of the flat pipes; the aluminum gas pipe is connected to the middle vicinity of the top part of the header pipes; and the aluminum liquid pipe is connected to the bottom part of the header pipe.

In the air conditioning apparatus according to the fourth aspect, the plurality of aluminum flat pipes may be arrayed so that the side surfaces face each other.

In the air conditioning apparatus according to the fourth aspect, due to the aluminum gas pipe being connected to the middle vicinity of the top part of the header pipe, the heat exchanger can be made more compact while preventing corrosion of the aluminum gas pipe, and uneven flow in the heat exchanger is easily prevented.

Advantageous Effects of Invention

In the air conditioning apparatus according to the first aspect, it is possible to prevent corrosion by water containing copper ions in the aluminum liquid pipe extending from the aluminum heat exchanger.

In the air conditioning apparatus according to the second aspect, it is possible to prevent corrosion by water containing copper ions not only in the aluminum liquid pipe, but also in the aluminum heat exchanger to which the aluminum liquid pipe is linked.

In the air conditioning apparatus according to the third aspect, the air conditioning apparatus can be made more compact while preventing corrosion by water containing copper ions in the aluminum liquid pipe and gas pipe extending from the aluminum heat exchanger.

In the air conditioning apparatus according to the fourth aspect, the performance of the air conditioning apparatus can be improved by preventing drift of refrigerant flow, while corrosion by water containing copper ions is prevented in the aluminum liquid pipe and gas pipe extending from the aluminum heat exchanger.

DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS

(1) Overall Configuration of Air Conditioning Apparatus

FIG. 1is a circuit diagram showing an overview of the configuration of an air conditioning apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. An air conditioning apparatus1is configured from an outdoor unit2of the air conditioning apparatus (a heat-source-side unit) and an indoor unit3of the air conditioning apparatus (a usage-side unit). This air conditioning apparatus1is an apparatus used to cool and heat the air in the building where the indoor unit3is installed, by performing a vapor-compression refrigeration cycle operation. The air conditioning apparatus1comprises the outdoor unit2as a heat-source unit, the indoor unit3as a usage unit, and refrigerant communication pipes6,7connecting the outdoor unit2and the indoor unit3.

The refrigeration circuit configured by a network of the outdoor unit2, the indoor unit3, and the refrigerant communication pipes6,7has a configuration in which components such as a compressor91, a four-way valve92, an outdoor heat exchanger20, an expansion valve40, an indoor heat exchanger4, and an accumulator93are connected by refrigerant line. Refrigerant is enclosed within this refrigeration circuit, and a refrigeration cycle operation is performed in which the refrigerant is compressed, cooled, depressurized, heated, evaporated, and then compressed again. Possible options for the refrigerant include R410A, R407C, R22, R134a, carbon dioxide, and the like, for example.

(2) Action of Air Conditioning Apparatus

(2-1) Cooling Operation

During a cooling operation, the four-way valve92is in the state depicted by the solid lines inFIG. 1, i.e., in a state in which the discharge side of the compressor91is connected to the gas side of the outdoor heat exchanger20, and the intake side of the compressor91is connected to the gas side of the indoor heat exchanger4via an accumulator93, a gas-refrigerant-side shutoff valve95, and a refrigerant communication pipe7. The opening degree of the expansion valve40is adjusted so that the degree of superheat of the refrigerant in the outlet of the indoor heat exchanger4(i.e. the gas side of the indoor heat exchanger4) remains constant. When the compressor91, an outdoor fan70, and an indoor fan5are operated in this state of the refrigeration circuit, low-pressure gas refrigerant is drawn into the compressor91and compressed to high-pressure gas refrigerant. This high-pressure gas refrigerant is fed through the four-way valve92, a copper gas refrigerant pipe41, and an aluminum heat-exchanger-side gas pipe31to the outdoor heat exchanger20. The high-pressure gas refrigerant then undergoes heat exchange in the outdoor heat exchanger20with outside air supplied by the outdoor fan70, and the refrigerant condenses to high-pressure liquid refrigerant. The high-pressure liquid refrigerant, which is in a supercooled state, is sent from the outdoor heat exchanger20, through an aluminum heat-exchanger-side liquid pipe32and a copper liquid refrigerant pipe42, to the expansion valve40. The refrigerant is depressurized by the expansion valve40nearly to the intake pressure of the compressor91, becoming a low-pressure gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant, which is sent to the indoor heat exchanger4and evaporated to a low-pressure gas refrigerant by heat exchange with indoor air in the indoor heat exchanger4.

This low-pressure gas refrigerant is fed through the refrigerant communication pipe7to the outdoor unit2, and is drawn back into the compressor91via the gas-refrigerant-side shutoff valve95and the four-way valve92. Thus, in the cooling operation, the air conditioning apparatus1causes the outdoor heat exchanger20to function as a condenser of the refrigerant compressed in the compressor91, and the indoor heat exchanger4to function as an evaporator of the refrigerant condensed in the outdoor heat exchanger20.

(2-2) Heating Operation

During the heating operation, the four-way valve92is in the state depicted by the broken lines inFIG. 1, i.e., a state in which the discharge side of the compressor91is connected to the gas side of the indoor heat exchanger4via the gas-refrigerant-side shutoff valve95and the refrigerant communication pipe7, and the intake side of the compressor91is connected to the gas side of the outdoor heat exchanger20. A liquid-refrigerant-side shutoff valve94and the gas-refrigerant-side shutoff valve95are in an open state. The opening degree of the expansion valve40is adjusted so that the degree of supercooling of the refrigerant in the outlet of the indoor heat exchanger4remains constant at a degree of supercooling target value. When the compressor91, the outdoor fan70, and the indoor fan5are operated with the refrigeration circuit in this state, low-pressure gas refrigerant is drawn into the compressor91and compressed to high-pressure gas refrigerant, and then fed through the four-way valve92, the gas-refrigerant-side shutoff valve95, and the refrigerant communication pipe7to the indoor unit3.

The high-pressure gas refrigerant sent to the indoor unit3undergoes heat exchange with indoor air in the indoor heat exchanger4, and the refrigerant condenses to high-pressure liquid refrigerant which during subsequent passage through the expansion valve40is depressurized according to the opening degree of the expansion valve40. The refrigerant passing through the expansion valve40flows through the copper liquid refrigerant pipe42and the heat-exchanger-side liquid pipe32into the outdoor heat exchanger20. The low-pressure gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant flowing into the outdoor heat exchanger20undergoes heat exchange with outside air supplied by the outdoor fan70and evaporates to low-pressure gas refrigerant, which is drawn through the aluminum heat-exchanger-side gas pipe31, the copper gas refrigerant pipe41, and the four-way valve92back into the compressor91. Thus, in the heating operation, the air conditioning apparatus1causes the indoor heat exchanger4to function as a condenser of the refrigerant compressed in the compressor91, and the outdoor heat exchanger20to function as an evaporator of the refrigerant condensed in the indoor heat exchanger4.

Because this gas refrigerant evaporated in the outdoor heat exchanger20is lower in temperature than the indoor air, dew condensation occurs readily not only on the outdoor heat exchanger20, but also on the aluminum heat-exchanger-side gas pipe31and/or the copper gas refrigerant pipe41.

(3) Detailed Configuration of Air Conditioning Apparatus

(3-1) Indoor Air Conditioning Unit

The indoor unit3is installed by being hung from an interior wall surface, or by being flush-mounted in or suspended from an interior ceiling of a building or the like. The indoor unit3has the indoor heat exchanger4and the indoor fan5. The indoor heat exchanger4is, for example, a fin-and-tube heat exchanger of cross-fin type constituted by heat transfer tubes and a multitude of fins. During cooling operation, the heat exchanger4functions as an evaporator for the refrigerant, to cool the interior air, and during heating operation functions as a condenser for the refrigerant, to heat the interior air.

(3-2) Outside Air Conditioning Unit

The outdoor unit2is installed on the outside of a building or the like, and is connected to the indoor unit3via the refrigerant communication pipes6,7. The outdoor unit2comprises a substantially rectangular parallelepiped unit casing10as depicted inFIGS. 2 and 3. The outdoor unit2has a structure in which a blower compartment S1and an machine compartment S2are formed by the internal space of the unit casing10being divided in two by a vertically extending partitioning plate18(“trunk” structure), as depicted in FIG.3.

The unit casing10is configured comprising a bottom plate12, a top plate11, a side plate13on the blower compartment side, a side plate14on the machine compartment side, a blower compartment-side front plate15, and a machine compartment-side front plate16. The top plate11is a plate-shaped member made of a steel sheet, constituting the roof surface portion of the unit casing10. The bottom plate12is a plate-shaped member made of a steel sheet, constituting the floor surface portion of the unit casing10. Provided on the underside of the bottom plate12are two foundation legs19fixed to the onsite installation surface. The side plate13on the blower compartment side is a plate-shaped member made of a steel sheet, constituting the side surface portion of the unit casing10near the blower compartment S1. The machine compartment-side side plate14is a plate-shaped member made of a steel sheet, constituting a part of the side surface portion of the unit casing10near the machine compartment S2, and the back surface portion of the unit casing10near the machine compartment S2. The blower compartment-side front plate15is a plate-shaped member made of a steel sheet, constituting the front surface portion of the blower compartment S1of the unit casing10, and a part of the front surface portion of the machine compartment S2of the unit casing10.

The outside air conditioning unit2is configured so that outside air is drawn into the blower compartment S1of the unit casing110through the back surface and a part of the side surface of the unit casing10, and the drawn-in outside air is blown out through the front surface of the unit casing10. Therefore, an intake port10afor outside air drawn into the blower compartment S1in the unit casing10is formed between the back surface end of the side plate13on the blower compartment side and the blower compartment S1-side end of the side plate14, and an intake port10bfor outside air is formed in the side plate13on the blower compartment side. A blow-out port10cfor blowing outside air drawn into the blower compartment S1out to the exterior is provided in the blower compartment-side front plate15. The front side of the blow-out port10cis covered by a fan grill15a.

The compressor91is a hermetic compressor driven by a compressor motor, for example, and is configured so that the operation capacity can be varied. The compressor91is disposed in the machine compartment S2.

The four-way valve92is a mechanism for switching the direction of refrigerant flow. During the cooling operation, the four-way valve92connects the refrigerant line on the discharge side of the compressor91and one end of the outdoor heat exchanger20, and also connects the gas-refrigerant-side shutoff valve95and the refrigerant line on the intake side of the compressor91via the accumulator93(refer to the solid lines of the four-way valve92inFIG. 1). During the heating operation, the four-way valve92connects the refrigerant line on the discharge side of the compressor91and the gas-refrigerant-side shutoff valve95, and also connects a compressor intake-side line29aand one end of the outdoor heat exchanger20via the accumulator93(refer to the broken lines of the four-way valve92inFIG. 1).

The outdoor heat exchanger20is disposed upright (vertically) in the blower compartment S1, facing the intake ports10a,10b. The outdoor heat exchanger20is an aluminum heat exchanger. In order to prevent corrosion, the aluminum outdoor heat exchanger20is attached to the unit casing10so as to not be in direct contact with components made of steel sheets, such as the top plate11, the bottom plate12, the side plate13on the blower compartment side, and the machine compartment-side side plate14. One end of the outdoor heat exchanger20is connected to the four-way valve92, and the other end is connected to the expansion valve40.

The accumulator93is disposed in the machine compartment S2, and is connected between the four-way valve92and the compressor91. The accumulator93is equipped with a gas-liquid separation function for separating the refrigerant into gas-phase refrigerant and liquid-phase refrigerant. Refrigerant flowing into the accumulator93is separated into liquid-phase refrigerant and gas-phase refrigerant, and the gas-phase refrigerant collecting in an upper space being supplied to the compressor91.

The outdoor unit2has the outdoor fan70for drawing outside air into the unit and discharging the air back out of the room. The outdoor fan70causes heat exchange between the outside air and the refrigerant flowing through the outdoor heat exchanger20. The expansion valve40, which is a mechanism for depressurizing refrigerant in the refrigeration circuit, is an electric valve of which the opening degree can be adjusted. The expansion valve40is provided to the gas refrigerant pipe41between the outdoor heat exchanger20and a liquid-refrigerant-side shutoff valve37in order to adjust refrigerant pressure and/or refrigerant flow rate, and the expansion valve has the function of expanding the refrigerant during both the cooling operation and the heating operation.

The outdoor fan70is arranged in the blower compartment S1, facing the outdoor heat exchanger20. The outdoor fan70draws outside air into the unit, causes heat exchange between refrigerant and the outside air in the outdoor heat exchanger20, and then discharges the air to the outside after the heat exchange. The outdoor fan70is a fan capable of varying airflow supplied to the outdoor heat exchanger20; for example, a propeller fan or the like, driven by a motor composed of a DC fan motor or the like.

(3-2-1) Outdoor Heat Exchanger

Next,FIGS. 4 and 5are used to give a detailed description of the configuration of the outdoor heat exchanger20, the piping connected to the outdoor heat exchanger20, and the like.

The outdoor heat exchanger20comprises a heat exchange part21for performing heat exchange between outside air and refrigerant, this heat exchange part21being configured from numerous aluminum heat transfer fins21aand numerous aluminum flat multi-hole tubes21b. The flat multi-hole tubes21bfunction as heat transfer tubes through which heat energy transfers between the heat transfer fins21aand the outside air is transmitted to the refrigerant flowing through the interior.

The outdoor heat exchanger20comprises aluminum header pipes22,23, each provided to either end of the heat exchange part21. The header pipe22has internal spaces22a,22hpartitioned from each other by a baffle22c. The aluminum heat-exchanger-side gas pipe31is connected to the upper internal space22a, and the aluminum heat-exchanger-side liquid pipe32is connected to the lower internal space22b.

The header pipe23is partitioned by baffles23f,23g,23h,23i, and internal spaces23a,23b,23c,23d,23eare formed. The numerous flat multi-hole tubes21bconnected to the upper internal space22aof the header pipe22are connected to the three internal spaces23a,23b,23cof the header pipe23. The numerous flat multi-hole tubes21bconnected to the lower internal space22bof the header pipe22are connected to the three internal spaces23c,23d,23eof the header pipe23.

The internal space23aand the internal space23eof the header pipe23are connected by a communication piping24, and the internal space23band the internal space23dare connected by a communication piping25. The internal space23calso has the function of connecting a part of the upper part (the portion connected to the internal space22a) of the heat exchange part21and a part of the lower part (the portion connected to the internal space22b). With these configurations, during the cooling operation for example, the gas refrigerant supplied by the aluminum heat-exchanger-side gas pipe31to the internal space23aat the top of the header pipe23undergoes heat exchange in the upper part of the heat exchange part21, and the gas refrigerant is liquefied. The gas refrigerant turns back at the header pipe23, passes through the lower part of the heat exchange part21, and exits the aluminum heat-exchanger-side liquid pipe32.

The aluminum heat-exchanger-side gas pipe31is connected to the copper gas refrigerant pipe41in a connecting part45in order to furnish the piping inside the unit casing10. The aluminum heat-exchanger-side liquid pipe32is connected to the copper liquid refrigerant pipe42in a connecting part46in order to finish the piping inside the unit casing10.

As previously described, the outdoor heat exchanger20, for which aluminum and/or an aluminum alloy is used, is an aluminum heat exchanger; therefore, the primary material constituting the aluminum heat transfer fins21a, the aluminum flat multi-hole tubes21b, and the aluminum header pipes22,23is aluminum or an aluminum alloy.

(3-2-2) Heat Exchange Part

FIG. 6is a partial enlarged view showing a cross-sectional structure in a plane perpendicular to the flat multi-hole tubes21bof the heat exchange part21of the outdoor heat exchanger20. The heat transfer fins21aare thin aluminum flat plates, and formed in each heat transfer fin21ais a plurality of notches21aaextending horizontally and aligned vertically. Each flat multi-hole tube21bhas upper and lower flat surface parts that serve as the heat transfer surfaces, and a plurality of internal flow channels21bathrough which refrigerant flows. The flat multi-hole tubes21b, which are slightly thicker than the vertical width of the notches21aa, are spaced apart and arrayed in multiple tiers with the flat surface parts facing up and down, and are temporarily fixed in a state of being fitted into the notches21aa. Thus, the heat transfer fins21aand the flat multi-hole tubes21bare soldered with the flat multi-hole tithes21bfitted into the notches21aaof the heat transfer fins21a. The two ends of each flat multi-hole tube21bare fitted in and soldered to the respective header pipes22,23. Therefore, the internal spaces22a,22bof the header pipe22and/or the internal spaces23a,23b,23c,23d,23eof the header pipe23are linked to the internal flow channels21ba of the flat multi-hole tubes21h.

Because the heat transfer fins21aare linked vertically as depicted inFIG. 6, dew water occurring on the heat transfer fins21aand/or the flat multi-hole tubes21bdrips down along the heat transfer fins21a, passes through the channels formed in the bottom plate12, and is expelled to the outside. Due to such a structure, water droplets forming on the heat exchange part21can be prevented from reaching the copper gas refrigerant pipe41and/or copper liquid refrigerant pipe42from the heat exchange part21via the header pipes22,23, the heat-exchanger-side gas pipe31, and/or the heat-exchanger-side liquid pipe32.

FIG. 7is a perspective view for describing the placement of the aluminum outdoor heat exchanger20, as well as the aluminum heat-exchanger-side gas pipe31, the aluminum heat-exchanger-side liquid pipe32, the copper gas refrigerant pipe41, and the copper liquid refrigerant pipe42extending from the outdoor heat exchanger20.FIG. 8is a partial enlarged perspective view in which the periphery of the header pipe22, which is on one side of the outdoor heat exchanger20, is enlarged.

The aluminum heat-exchanger-side gas pipe31is brazed to the middle of the upper part (the location of the internal space22a) of the aluminum header pipe22(on one side of the outdoor heat exchanger20), and the aluminum heat-exchanger-side liquid pipe32is brazed to the middle of the lower part (the location of the internal space22b). The heat-exchanger-side gas pipe31and the heat-exchanger-side liquid pipe32extend in the same direction from the header pipe22. In other words, the heat-exchanger-side gas pipe31and the heat-exchanger-side liquid pipe32extend from the header pipe22in a direction parallel to the direction in which the flat multi-hole tubes21bextend in the proximity of the header pipe22(sometimes referred to as a y-axis direction in the following description).

The heat-exchanger-side liquid pipe32extends in the y-axis direction out of the header pipe22, then rises perpendicularly and extends upward. In the following description, the vertical direction is sometimes referred to as a z-axis direction. The heat-exchanger-side liquid pipe32extending in the z-axis direction is supported by an aluminum bracket28attached to the header pipe22. The heat-exchanger-side liquid pipe32turns back in the y-axis direction after having passed through the bracket28, i.e. at a position lower than the position where the heat-exchanger-side gas pipe31is connected to the header pipe22. After extending slightly in the y-axis direction, the heat-exchanger-side liquid pipe32bends downward in the z-axis direction. The end of the heat-exchanger-side liquid pipe32is in a location that is lower by a distance smaller than the rising height of the heat-exchanger-side liquid pipe32. The copper liquid refrigerant pipe42is soldered and connected to the end of the aluminum heat-exchanger-side liquid pipe32. In other words, the end of the heat-exchanger-side liquid pipe32constitutes a part of the connecting part46of the heat-exchanger-side liquid pipe32and the liquid refrigerant pipe42. Thus, the heat-exchanger-side liquid pipe32has a turn-back part32ahaving a structure that rises in the z-axis direction, proceeds in the y-axis direction, and then falls back down in the z-axis direction.

The heat-exchanger-side gas pipe31extends in the y-axis direction out of the header pipe22, then rises in the z-axis direction at substantially the same position as the position where the heat-exchanger-side liquid pipe32rises. The gas pipe then bends forward at a position lower than the top end portion of the heat exchange part21. In the following description, the forward-backward direction perpendicular to the y-axis direction and the z-axis direction is sometimes referred to as an x-axis direction. The heat-exchanger-side gas pipe31falls in the z-axis direction after having slightly extended in the x-axis direction. The end of the gas pipe is in a position higher than the heat-exchanger-side liquid pipe32. The copper gas refrigerant pipe41is brazed and connected to the end of the aluminum heat-exchanger-side gas pipe31. In other words, the end of the heat-exchanger-side gas pipe31constitutes a part of the connecting part45of the heat-exchanger-side gas pipe31and the gas refrigerant pipe41. Thus, the heat-exchanger-side gas pipe31has a turn-back part31athat rises in the z-axis direction, proceeds in the x-axis direction, and then falls back down in the z-axis direction.

In a plan view, the turn-back part32aof the heat-exchanger-side liquid pipe32is disposed in an orientation orthogonal to the turn-back part31aof the heat-exchanger-side gas pipe31, as depicted inFIG. 9. This creates a structure in which the axes are separated from each other by a distance L as depicted inFIG. 8, and the heat-exchanger-side liquid pipe32is disposed in an area outside of an area47directly below the connecting part45of the heat-exchanger-side gas pipe31and the gas refrigerant pipe41. The turn-back part31aand the turn-back part32ado not essential to be orthogonal in order to dispose the heat-exchanger-side liquid pipe32in an area outside of the area47directly below the connecting part45, and the turn-back parts may intersect at a predetermined angle. The predetermined angle is preferably about 90 degrees in order to make the piping space compact.

(4) Characteristics of Air Conditioning Apparatus

In the air conditioning apparatus1, when dew condensation forms on the copper gas refrigerant pipe41(the copper gas pipe) during the heating operation, for example, copper ions seep into the dew condensation water from the gas refrigerant pipe41, and dew condensation water containing copper ions accumulates on the surface of the gas refrigerant pipe41. However, because the aluminum heat-exchanger-side gas pipe31(aluminum gas pipe) is connected from above the gas refrigerant pipe41, dew condensation water on the surface of the gas refrigerant pipe41below does not move toward the heat-exchanger-side gas pipe31above. Therefore, dew condensation water containing copper ions that has formed by dew condensation on the copper gas refrigerant pipe41does not get on the aluminum heat-exchanger-side gas pipe31.

The aluminum heat-exchanger-side liquid pipe32positioned lower than the copper gas refrigerant pipe41is not disposed in the area47directly below the connecting part45of the heat-exchanger-side gas pipe31and the gas refrigerant pipe41. The connecting part45has many concavities and convexities for connection and dew condensation water containing copper ions readily drips down from the connecting part45, but the dripping dew condensation water does not readily get on the aluminum heat-exchanger-side liquid pipe32. This prevents the progress of corrosion of the aluminum heat-exchanger-side liquid pipe32caused by dew condensation water containing copper ions forming on the copper gas refrigerant pipe41.

In the above embodiment, a case was described in which the heat-exchanger-side gas pipe31and the gas refrigerant pipe41extended vertically (extended in the z-axis direction) from the top and bottom of the connecting part45, and the area47directly below the connecting part45therefore substantially overlapped the position of the connecting part45in a plan view. However, depending on how the placement and/or piping of the various devices are handled, there are cases in which the gas refrigerant pipe41extends from the connecting part45at a predetermined angle relative to the z-axis direction. In such cases, the area where the gas refrigerant pipe41is projected is also included in the area directly below the connecting part45in a plan view because dew condensation water sometimes runs down the gas refrigerant pipe41.

The pipes for gas refrigerant that overlap with the aluminum heat-exchanger-side liquid pipe32in a plan view are all preferably made of aluminum. This is because though dew condensation may occur on the aluminum pipes for gas refrigerant, it is aluminum ions that are included in the dew condensation water, and the effects of promoting corrosion in the aluminum heat-exchanger-side liquid pipe32are therefore extremely small compared to the same effects of copper ions.

In the air conditioning apparatus1described above, the turn-back part32a(first turn-back part) is provided to the aluminum heat-exchanger-side liquid pipe32extending from the header pipe22. Therefore, even if water droplets spread over the copper liquid refrigerant pipe42, the progression of water droplets is stopped by the turn-back part32abecause there is a location where a pipe rises in the z-axis direction in the path of the water droplets, due to the turn-back part32aof the aluminum heat-exchanger-side liquid pipe32. As a result, it is possible to prevent corrosion of the aluminum outdoor heat exchanger20by water containing copper ions collecting on the copper liquid refrigerant pipe42.

In the air conditioning apparatus1described above, the heat-exchanger-side gas pipe31and the heat-exchanger-side liquid pipe32extend in the same direction (the y-axis direction), but the turn-back part31a(the second turn-back part) of the heat-exchanger-side gas pipe31extends in the x-axis direction, the turn-back part32a(the first turn-back part) of the heat-exchanger-side liquid pipe32, extends in the y-axis direction, and the two turn-back parts are disposed at orientations orthogonal to each other in a plan view.

Because the aluminum heat-exchanger-side gas pipe31must be connected to the copper gas refrigerant pipe41from above and the aluminum heat-exchanger-side liquid pipe32must be connected to the copper liquid refrigerant pipe42from above, the space needed for the piping tends to be large. However, due to the turn-back part31aof the heat-exchanger-side gas pipe31and the turn-back part32aof the heat-exchanger-side liquid pipe32thus being disposed in intersecting orientations, the disposed position of the aluminum heat-exchanger-side liquid pipe32can be shifted out of the area47directly below the connecting part45without taking up much space, while turning the two parts back and keeping them within the range of the height (the vertical length) of the heat exchanger. Thus, the periphery of the outdoor heat exchanger20and consequently the vertical direction of the outdoor unit2can be made more compact while preventing corrosion of the aluminum heat-exchanger-side liquid pipe32.

In the air conditioning apparatus1described above, the aluminum outdoor heat exchanger20is configured comprising the numerous aluminum flat multi-hole tubes21b(flat pipes) arrayed so as to face each other, the aluminum header pipes22,23to which the numerous flat multi-hole tubes21bare connected, and the numerous heat transfer fins21a(fins) bonded to the numerous flat multi-hole tubes.

The heat-exchanger-side gas pipe31is connected to the middle of the internal space22aof the header pipe22(the middle vicinity of the upper part of the header pipe), as depicted inFIG. 4. Therefore, gas refrigerant entering the internal space22aof the header pipe22from the heat-exchanger-side gas pipe31spreads uniformly up and down, and flows into the upper part of the heat exchange part21from the header pipe22. Therefore, drift of refrigerant flow in the outdoor heat exchanger20is unlikely. When the gas refrigerant is flowing in the opposite direction, i.e. when the refrigerant flows from the header pipe22toward the heat-exchanger-side gas pipe31, the drift of refrigerant flow is similarly suppressed.

(5-1) Modification A

In the air conditioning apparatus1of the above embodiment, a case was described in which the configuration was designed such that the heat-exchanger-side gas pipe31and the heat-exchanger-side liquid pipe32extended in the same y-axis direction from the header pipe22as depicted inFIG. 9, but the configuration may be designed such that the heat-exchanger-side gas pipe31and the heat-exchanger-side liquid pipe32extend in different directions, whereby the heat-exchanger-side liquid pipe32is disposed outside of the area47directly below the connecting part45. The configuration can also be designed so that in a plan view. For example, the heat-exchanger-side gas pipe31extends from the header pipe22at a tilt toward the front surface at a predetermined angle relative to the y-axis direction, and the heat-exchanger-side liquid pipe32extends from the header pipe22at a tilt toward the rear surface at a predetermined angle relative to the y-axis direction.

(5-2) Modification B

In the above embodiment, a case was described in which there is one heat-exchanger-side gas pipe31and one heat-exchanger-side liquid pipe32, but the configuration may be provided with a plurality of either one or both the heat-exchanger-side gas pipe31and the heat-exchanger-side liquid pipe32.

(5-3) Modification C

In the above embodiment, only the aluminum heat-exchanger-side gas pipe31and the aluminum heat-exchanger-side liquid pipe32are provided between the gas refrigerant pipe41and the header pipe22and between the liquid refrigerant pipe42and the header pipe, but another component such as a flow diverter may also be provided. When such a configuration is adopted, the flow diverter is regarded as an extension of the length of the heat-exchanger-side gas pipe and/or the heat-exchanger-side liquid pipe, and the locations where the flow diverter and the copper gas refrigerant line and/or liquid refrigerant line are connected are the connecting parts.