Fluid handling device, fluid handling method, and flow path chip

This fluid handling device has a substrate, a film, and a sliding member. The substrate has first flow paths, second flow paths, and partition walls formed between one end of the first flow paths and one end of the second flow paths. The film includes a diaphragm, and is arranged above the substrate such that the diaphragm and the partition walls oppose one another. The sliding member has protrusions formed on the back surface thereof, and is arranged above the film with the back surface facing the film. By sliding on the film the sliding member is able switch alternately between a first state in which the protrusions are arranged so as not to oppose the partition walls, and the diaphragm is sandwiched therebetween, and a second state in which the protrusions are arranged opposing the partition walls, and the diaphragm is sandwiched therebetween.

TECHNICAL FIELD

The present invention relates to a fluid handling device, a fluid handling method and a channel chip.

BACKGROUND ART

In recent years, fluid handling devices are used for accurately and speedily analyzing a trace amount of a substance, such as a protein or a nucleic acid. Fluid handling devices have an advantage in that only a small amount of a reagent or a sample is required for analysis, and thus are expected to be used for various applications, such as clinical examinations, food tests, and environment tests. As an example of such fluid handling devices, known is a fluid handling device that can open and close a channel thereof by using a rotary member capable of rotation (see, for example, PTL 1).

A fluid handling device described in PTL 1 includes a reaction container, a first channel connected to the reaction container at one end thereof, a sealing container, a second channel connected to the sealing container at one end thereof, a syringe for sending liquid, and a switch valve for connecting the syringe to the first or second channel. The switch valve in the fluid handling device described in PTL 1 is a rotary member that is roratable, and the rotation of the switch valve can connect the syringe to the first or second channel via a channel in the switch valve.

CITATION LIST

Patent Literature

SUMMARY OF INVENTION

Technical Problem

In the fluid handling device described in PTL 1, the rotary member slides on a base material constituting the channel of the fluid handling device during the rotation of the rotary member, thereby wearing down the base material.

An object of the present invention is to provide a fluid handling device and a channel chip, in both of which a base material constituting a channel is not worn down by a member for opening and closing the channel when the member is operated. Another object of the present invention is to provide a fluid handling method that uses the fluid handling device.

Solution to Problem

A fluid handling device of the present invention includes: a substrate including a first channel, a second channel and a partition wall formed between one end of the first channel and one end of the second channel; a film including a diaphragm having a substantially spherical crown shape, the film being disposed on the substrate so that the diaphragm faces the partition wall; and a sliding member slidable on the film, the sliding member having a protrusion formed on an underside thereof, and the sliding member being disposed on the film with the underside facing the film, wherein: the sliding member is capable of switching between a first state and a second state by sliding on the film, wherein the protrusion is positioned so as not to face the partition wall with the diaphragm therebetween in the first state, and the protrusion is positioned so as to face the partition wall with the diaphragm therebetween in the second state; in the first state, the first channel communicates with the second channel via a gap between the diaphragm and the partition wall; and in the second state, the diaphragm is pressed by the protrusion to come into contact with the partition wall, and thus the first channel does not communicate with the second channel.

A fluid handling method of the present invention is for handling a fluid by using the fluid handling device according the present invention. The fluid handling method includes: moving the fluid from the first channel to the second channel via the gap by sliding the sliding member on the film for switching to the first state; and stopping a flow of the fluid from the first channel to the second channel via the gap by sliding the sliding member on the film for switching to the second state, thereby pressing the diaphragm to come into contact with the partition wall.

A channel chip of the present invention is a channel chip whose channel for running a fluid therein is to be opened and closed by sliding on a film a sliding member slidable on the film. The channel chip includes: a substrate including a first channel, a second channel and a partition wall formed between one end of the first channel and one end of the second channel; a film including a diaphragm having a substantially spherical crown shape, the film being disposed on the substrate so that the diaphragm faces the partition wall; and a positioning section for holding the sliding member in such a way that the sliding member is slidable on the film while the positioning section positions the sliding member, the positioning section being disposed on the film.

Advantageous Effects of Invention

The present invention can provide a fluid handling device and a channel chip which can be used for long period of time as a base material constituting a channel is not worn down by a member when the member is operated for opening and closing the channel.

DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS

(Configuration of Fluid Handling Device)

FIGS. 1A and 1Billustrate a configuration of fluid handling device100according to the present embodiment.FIG. 1Ais a plan view of fluid handling device100, andFIG. 1Bis a front view of fluid handling device100.

Fluid handling device100according to the present embodiment includes channel chip110and rotary member160. Channel chip110includes substrate120, first film130, positioning section140for rotary member160and second film150(seeFIGS. 3A to 3Cbelow). Channel chip110includes a channel for running a fluid therethrough, such as a reagent, a liquid sample or a gas. A part of first film130functions as a diaphragm (valve body) for opening and closing the channel.

FIGS. 2A and 2Billustrate a configuration of substrate120having first film130joined thereto.FIG. 2Ais a plan view of substrate120having first film130joined thereto, andFIG. 2Bis a cross-sectional view taken along line B-B shown inFIG. 2A.

Channel chip110includes fluid inlets121aand121b, first channels122aand122b, first partition walls123aand123b, second channel124, second partition walls125aand125b, third channels126aand126b, and fluid outlets127aand127b. Substrate120has a groove and/or recess formed therein as appropriate within a range that can obtain the effect of the present embodiment. Herein, a channel connected to the upstream side of each partition wall corresponds to “first channel” in the claims, and a channel connected to the downstream side of each partition wall corresponds to “second channel” in the claims.

Substrate120may have any thickness. For example, the thickness of substrate120is 1 mm or more and 10 mm or less. The material of substrate120may be selected from resins and glass known in the art as appropriate. Examples of the materials of substrate120include polyethylene terephthalate, polycarbonate, polymethylmethacrylate, polyvinyl chloride, polypropylene, polyether, polyethylene, polystyrene, silicone resins, and elastomers.

Each of fluid inlets121aand121bis a bottomed recess formed in substrate120. Each of fluid inlets121aand121bcommunicates with the outside via a through hole provided in first film130. In fluid handling device100, fluids are introduced into channel chip110from fluid inlets121aand121b. The fluid introduced from fluid inlet121amay be the same as or different from the fluid introduced from fluid inlet121b.

Fluid inlets121aand121bmay have any shapes or sizes, and may be appropriately designed as necessary. Fluid inlets121aand121bhave, for example, a substantially cylindrical shape. The width of each of fluid inlet121aand121bis, for example, about 2 mm. Fluid inlet121aand fluid inlet121bmay have the same shape and size, or different shapes and sizes. In the present embodiment, fluid inlet121aand fluid inlet121bhave the same shape and size.

First channel122ais a channel where a fluid introduced from fluid inlet121aflows. Fluid inlet121ais disposed at the upstream end of first channel122a, and first partition wall123ais disposed at the downstream end of first channel122a.

First channel122bis a channel where a fluid introduced from fluid inlet121bflows. Fluid inlet121bis disposed at the upstream end of first channel122b, and first partition wall123bis disposed at the downstream end of first channel122b.

Each of first channels122aand122bis, for example, a groove whose opening is blocked with another member, such as a film. In the present embodiment, first channels122aand122bare formed by blocking the openings of grooves formed in substrate120with first film130.

The cross-sectional areas and the cross-sectional shapes of first channels122aand122bare not limited. As used herein, “cross section of a channel” is a cross section of a channel orthogonal to the flow direction of a fluid. First channels122aand122beach have, for example, a substantially rectangular cross-sectional shape with each side (width and depth) of about several tens of micrometers. The cross-sectional areas of first channels122aand122bmay or may not remain constant along the fluid flow direction. In the present embodiment, the cross-sectional area of first channel122abecomes larger in a downstream-end portion thereof as the distance to the downstream end of first channel122abecome shorter. The shape of the downstream-end portion of first channel122ain plan view may be determined in accordance with the shape of diaphragm131aof first film130. In the present embodiment, the end portion of first channel122ahas a semicircular shape in plan view. Because the end portion of first channel122ahas a shape in accordance with that of diaphragm131a, diaphragm131adeforms in accordance with the semicircular shape formed in the end portion of first channel122awhen the channel is closed by bringing diaphragm131ainto contact with first partition wall123a. A gap thus is not formed between first film130and the surface of substrate120. This prevents a liquid from seeping into a gap.

The cross-sectional area of first channel122band the shape of the downstream-end portion of first channel122bin plan view may be set in the same manner as with first channel122a, and thus the descriptions thereof are omitted. In the present embodiment, the downstream-end portion of first channel122balso has a semicircular shape in plan view.

First channel122aand first channel122bmay have the same cross-sectional area and cross-sectional shape, or different cross-sectional areas and cross-sectional shapes. In the present embodiment, first channel122aand first channel122bhave the same cross-sectional area and cross-sectional shape.

First partition wall123ais formed between the downstream end of first channel122aand one of the upstream ends of second channel124. First partition wall123bis formed between the downstream end of first channel122band the other upstream end of second channel124.

As will be described in detail below, each of first partition walls123aand123bfunctions as a valve seat of a microvalve for opening and closing a channel. First partition walls123aand123bmay have any shape or height as long as the above function can be achieved. First partition walls123aand123bare, for example, in a shape of a quadrangular prism. The height of each of first partition wall123aand123bis, for example, the same as the depth of a groove formed in substrate120(i.e., the height of a channel). First partition wall123aand first partition wall123bmay have the same shape and height, or different shapes and heights. In the present embodiment, first partition wall123aand first partition wall123bhave the same shape and height.

Second channel124includes two upstream-end portions and two downstream-end portions. Second channel124is a channel where fluids coming from two first channels122aand122bflow. More specifically, fluids coming from two first channels122aand122bflow in second channel124via respective gaps between substrate120and first film130(i.e., a gap between first partition wall123aand diaphragm131a, and a gap between first partition wall123band diaphragm131b).

First partition wall123ais disposed at one of the upstream ends of second channel124, and second partition wall125ais disposed at one of the downstream ends of second channel124. First partition wall123bis disposed at the other upstream end of second channel124, and second partition wall125bis disposed at the other downstream end of second channel124. Second channel124is, for example, a groove whose opening is blocked with another member, such as a film. In the present embodiment, second channel124is formed by blocking the opening of a groove formed in substrate120with first film130.

The cross-sectional area and the cross-sectional shape of second channel124are not limited. Second channel124has, for example, a substantially rectangular cross-sectional shape with each side (width and depth) of about several tens of micrometers. The cross-sectional area of second channel124may or may not remain constant along the fluid flow direction. In the present embodiment, the cross-sectional area of second channel124becomes larger in a upstream-end portion thereof as the distance to the upstream end of second channel124become shorter, and also becomes larger in a downstream-end portion thereof as the distance to the downstream end of second channel124become shorter. Regarding second channel124, the shapes of the upstream-end portions and downstream-end portions in plan view are respectively in accordance with the shapes of diaphragms131ato131dof first film130. In the present embodiment, as with the downstream-end portions of first channels122aand122bin plan view, each of four end portions (two upstream-end portions and two downstream-end portions) of second channel124also has a semicircular shape in plan view.

Second partition wall125ais formed between the downstream end of second channel124and the upstream end of third channel126a. Second partition wall125bis formed between the downstream end of second channel124and the upstream end of third channel126b.

As will be described in detail below, each of second partition walls125aand125balso functions as a valve seat of a microvalve for opening and closing a channel Second partition walls125aand125bmay have any shape or height as long as the above function can be achieved. The height of each of second partition wall125aand125bis, for example, the same as the depth of a groove formed in substrate120(i.e., the height of a channel). Second partition walls125aand125bare, for example, in a shape of a quadrangular prism. Second partition wall125aand second partition wall125bmay have the same shape and height, or different shapes and heights. In the present embodiment, second partition wall125aand second partition wall125bhave the same shape and height.

Third channel126ais a channel where a fluid coming from one of the downstream ends of second channel124flows. More specifically, a fluid coming from one of the downstream ends of second channel124via a gap between substrate120and first film130(i.e., a gap between second partition wall125aand diaphragm131c) flows in third channel126a. Second partition wall125ais disposed at the upstream end of third channel126a, and fluid outlet127ais disposed at the downstream end of third channel126a.

Third channel126bis a channel where a fluid coming from the other downstream end of second channel124flows. More specifically, a fluid coming from the other downstream end of second channel124via a gap between substrate120and first film130(i.e., a gap between second partition wall125band diaphragm131d) flows in third channel126b. Second partition wall125bis disposed at the upstream end of third channel126b, and fluid outlet127bis disposed at the downstream end of third channel126b.

Each of third channels126aand126bis, for example, a groove whose opening is blocked with another member, such as a film. In the present embodiment, third channels126aand126bare formed by blocking the openings of grooves formed in substrate120with first film130.

The cross-sectional areas and the cross-sectional shapes of third channels126aand126bare not limited. Third channels126aand126beach have, for example, a substantially rectangular cross-sectional shape with each side (width and depth) of about several tens of micrometers. The cross-sectional areas of third channels126aand126bmay or may not remain constant along the fluid flow direction. In the present embodiment, the cross-sectional area of third channel126abecomes larger in a upstream-end portion thereof as the distance to the upstream end of third channel126abecome shorter. The shape of the upstream-end portion of third channel126ain plan view is in accordance with the shape of diaphragm131cof first film130. In the present embodiment, as with the downstream-end portions of first channels122aand122b, the upstream-end portion of third channel126aalso has a semicircular shape in plan view.

The cross-sectional area of third channel126band the shape of the downstream-end portion of third channel126bin plan view may be set in the same manner as with first channel122a, and thus the descriptions thereof are omitted. In the present embodiment, the upstream-end portion of third channel126balso has a semicircular shape in plan view.

Third channel126aand third channel126bmay have the same cross-sectional area and cross-sectional shape, or different cross-sectional areas and cross-sectional shapes. In the present embodiment, third channel126aand third channel126bhave the same cross-sectional area and cross-sectional shape.

First channels122aand122b, second channel124, and third channels126aand126bmay have the same cross-sectional area and cross-sectional shape, or different cross-sectional areas and cross-sectional shapes. In the present embodiment, first channels122aand122b, second channel124, and third channels126aand126bhave the same cross-sectional area and cross-sectional shape.

Each of fluid outlets127aand127bis a bottomed recess formed in substrate120. Each of fluid outlets127aand127bcommunicates with the outside via a through hole provided in first film130. In fluid handling device100, fluids are taken out from fluid outlets127aand127b. Fluid outlets127aand127bmay have any shapes or sizes, and may be appropriately designed as necessary. Fluid outlets127aand127bhave, for example, a substantially cylindrical shape. The width of each of fluid outlet127aand127bis, for example, about 2 mm. Fluid outlet127aand fluid outlet127bmay have the same shape and size, or different shapes and sizes. In the present embodiment, fluid outlet127aand fluid outlet127bhave the same shape and size.

First film130is a flexible film. In the present embodiment, first film130has four through holes formed at positions corresponding to fluid inlets121aand121b, and fluid outlets127aand127b, respectively. First film130also includes four diaphragms131ato131deach in a substantially spherical crown shape. First film130is disposed on substrate120so that diaphragm131afaces first partition wall123a, diaphragm131bfaces first partition wall123b, diaphragm131cfaces second partition wall125a, and diaphragm131dfaces second partition wall125b.

In the present embodiment, first film130is disposed on substrate120so that diaphragms131ato131deach in a substantially spherical crown shape protrude away from substrate120, and the openings of diaphragms131ato131dface partition walls (i.e., first partition walls123aand123b, and second partition walls125aand125b, respectively). More specifically, diaphragm131afaces a first facing region composed of the downstream-end portion of first channel122a, first partition wall123a, and one of the upstream-end portions of second channel124. Diaphragm131bfaces a second facing region composed of the downstream-end portion of first channel122b, first partition wall123b, and the other upstream-end portion of second channel124. Diaphragm131cfaces a third facing region composed of one of the downstream-end portions of second channel124, second partition wall125a, and the upstream-end portion of third channel126a. Diaphragm131dfaces a fourth facing region composed of the other downstream-end portion of second channel124, second partition wall125b, and the upstream-end portion of third channel126b.

The center of each of diaphragms131ato131dmay or may not be positioned above the corresponding partition wall. In the present embodiment, the center of each of diaphragms131ato131dis positioned above the corresponding partition wall. That is, the centers of diaphragm131a, diaphragm131b, diaphragm131cand diaphragm131dare respectively positioned above first partition wall123a, first partition wall123b, second partition wall125aand second partition wall125b.

Diaphragms131ato131dof first film130are not joined to substrate120. Further, diaphragms131ato131dare bendable toward corresponding partition walls when pressed by protrusion161aor161b(described below) of rotary member160.

As will be described in detail below, a channel is opened or closed by separating each of diaphragms131ato131dfrom the corresponding partition wall, or contacting the diaphragm to the partition wall. The size of each of diaphragms131ato131din plan view may be appropriately set in accordance with the width of the channel, the size of the partition wall, and/or the like so that diaphragms131ato131dcan each function as a diaphragm (valve body) of a microvalve for opening and closing the channel. Four diaphragms131ato131dmay have the same size or different sizes. In the present embodiment, four diaphragms131ato131dhave the same size.

The size of each of diaphragms131ato131dmay be the same as, larger than, or smaller than that of the corresponding facing region (i.e., first facing region, second facing region, third facing region or fourth facing region). In the present embodiment, the size of each of diaphragms131ato131dis larger than that of the corresponding facing region (seeFIG. 2A). By employing diaphragms131ato131dlarger than the corresponding facing regions, diaphragms131ato131dcan be suitably brought into contact with corresponding partition walls even when a gap is generated between a plane including a contact surface (namely a surface where each of diaphragms131ato131dcontacts the corresponding partition wall), and first film130(seeFIG. 6Bbelow).

The distance from each of diaphragms131ato131dto the corresponding partition wall may be adjusted as appropriate, for example, from the view point of the flow rate of a desired fluid, and how well diaphragms131ato131dcan adhere to the corresponding partition walls. A longer distance enables easier movement of a fluid through the gap between substrate120and first film130, and a shorter distance enables easier adhesion of diaphragms131ato131dto the corresponding partition walls.

The material of first film130may be selected from resins known in the art as appropriate. Examples of the materials of first film130include polyethylene terephthalate, polycarbonate, polymethylmethacrylate, polyvinyl chloride, polypropylene, polyether, polyethylene, polystyrene, silicone resins, and elastomers.

FIGS. 3A to 3Cillustrate a configuration of positioning section140having second film150joined thereto.FIG. 3Ais a plan view of positioning section140having second film150joined thereto,FIG. 3Bis a side view thereof, andFIG. 3Cis a cross-sectional view taken along line C-C inFIG. 3A.FIGS. 4A to 4Cillustrate a configuration of rotary member160.FIG. 4Ais a plan view of rotary member160,FIG. 4Bis a side view thereof, andFIG. 4Cis a cross-sectional view taken along line C-C inFIG. 4A.

Positioning section140is fixed on first film130. Positioning section140holds rotary member160so that rotary member160is rotatable while positioning section140positions rotary member160. Positioning section140may have any shape or size as long as the above function can be achieved. Positioning section140is, for example, a frame for rotatably holding rotary member160, or a protrusion disposed on the rotation axis of rotary member160. In the present embodiment, positioning section140is a frame including a through hole. On the inner wall of positioning section140, step141for positioning rotary member160at a predetermined height is formed.

Positioning section140may be fixed to first film130or to substrate120. In the present embodiment, positioning section140is fixed to first film130. Any method may be employed for fixing positioning section140to first film130, and for example, positioning section140may be bond to first film130.

Second film150is a flexible film. Second film150is immovably disposed between first film130and rotary member160. In the present embodiment, second film150is joined to positioning section140to be disposed between first film130and rotary member160so that second film150does not rotate.

The material of second film150may be selected from resins and rubber known in the art as appropriate Examples of the materials of second film150include polyethylene terephthalate, polycarbonate, polymethylmethacrylate, polyvinyl chloride, polypropylene, polyether, polyethylene, polystyrene, silicone resins, and elastomers. For increasing the slidability between second film150and rotary member160, polyethylene is preferred as the material of second film150. For increasing the slidability between second film150and rotary member160, coating treatment that increases slidability may also be performed on the surface of second film150. In addition, for easier closing of the gaps between diaphragms131ato131dand the respective partition walls (i.e., first partition walls123aand123b, and second partition walls125aand125b), a rubber film is preferred as the material of second film150.

Rotary member160is disposed, with its underside facing first film130, on first film130. In the present embodiment, rotary member160is disposed in a frame, namely positioning section140. Rotary member160is thus positioned to be rotatable by positioning section140at a predetermined position on first film130. In the present embodiment, notch162whose shape corresponds to that of step141of positioning section140is formed on the underside of rotary member160. Rotary member160may further include handle163for rotating rotary member160. Handle163may have any shape, such as a shape of a quadrangular prism.

In the present embodiment, two protrusions161aand161bare formed on the underside of rotary member160. Rotary member160can rotate about the normal line of the underside. As will be described in detail below, the rotation of rotary member160opens or closes a channel. In the present embodiment, rotary member160can alternately switch between below-described first state and second state (select the first state or second state), by the rotation thereof.

Rotary member160has a certain level of weight and rigidity for pressing diaphragms131ato131dby protrusions161aand161bto adhere each of diaphragms131ato131dto the corresponding partition wall. Any material may be selected for rotary member160from materials known in the art as appropriate. Examples of the materials of rotary member160include resins, rubber and metals. For increasing the slidability of rotary member160relative to positioning section140and second film150, polyethylene is preferred as the material of rotary member160, for example. In addition, coating treatment that increases slidability of rotary member160to positioning section140and second film150may also be performed on the surface of rotary member160.

In the present embodiment, in a first state, a fluid introduced into channel chip110from fluid inlet121acan flow to fluid outlet127avia first channel122a, second channel124and third channel126a. In the first state, two protrusions161aand161bare disposed so that neither of the two protrusions faces first partition wall123awith diaphragm131atherebetween, and neither of the two protrusions faces second partition wall125awith diaphragm131ctherebetween. In the first state, first channel122acommunicates with second channel124via the gap between diaphragm131aand first partition wall123a, and second channel124communicates with third channel126avia the gap between diaphragm131cand second partition wall125a.

On the other hand, in the first state, two protrusions161aand161bare disposed so that one of the two protrusions faces first partition wall123bwith diaphragm131btherebetween, and the other one of the two protrusions faces second partition wall125bwith diaphragm131dtherebetween. Accordingly, diaphragm131bis pressed by one of protrusions161aand161bto come into contact with first partition wall123b, and diaphragm131dis pressed by the other one of protrusions161aand161bto come into contact with second partition wall125b. In the first state, first channel122bdoes not communicate with second channel124, and second channel124does not communicate with third channel126b.

In the present embodiment, in a second state, a fluid introduced into channel chip110from fluid inlet121bcan flow to fluid outlet127bvia first channel122b, second channel124and third channel126b. In the second state, two protrusions161aand161bare disposed so that one of the two protrusions faces first partition wall123awith diaphragm131atherebetween, and the other one of the two protrusions faces second partition wall125awith diaphragm131ctherebetween. Accordingly, diaphragm131ais pressed by one of protrusions161aand161bto come into contact with first partition wall123a, and diaphragm131cis pressed by the other one of protrusions161aand161bto come into contact with second partition wall125a. In the second state, first channel122adoes not communicate with second channel124, and second channel124does not communicate with third channel126a.

On the other hand, in the second state, two protrusions161aand161bare disposed so that neither of the two protrusions faces first partition wall123bwith diaphragm131btherebetween, and neither of the two protrusions faces second partition wall125bwith diaphragm131dtherebetween. Accordingly, first channel122bcommunicates with second channel124via the gap between diaphragm131band first partition wall123b, and second channel124communicates with third channel126bvia the gap between diaphragm131dand second partition wall125b.

The shape, number and size of protrusions161aand161bare not limited as long as the above function can be achieved. As used herein, “protrusion” is a part of the underside of rotary member160, and the part can press diaphragms131ato131dso that the diaphragms come into contact with the partition walls. Protrusions161aand161bmay be a protruding part formed on the underside of rotary member160, or when a recess is formed in the underside of rotary member160, a part other than the recess. In the present embodiment, two protrusions161aand161bare projected lines extending along the rotation direction of rotary member160. Two protrusions161aand161bare separated from each other. The distance between two protrusions161aand161bin the circumferential direction of rotary member160is, for example, the same as or larger than the size of each of diaphragms131ato131din plan view.

Fluid handling device100can be produced by, for example, fixing positioning section140having second film150joined thereto, on substrate120having first film130joined thereto, followed by disposing rotary member160in positioning section140. Any method may be selected from methods known in the art as appropriate for fixing substrate120and first film130to each other, and second film150and positioning section140to each other. For example, substrate120and first film130can be joined to each other by thermal welding, laser welding, the use of an adhesive agent, or the like. Second film150and positioning section140can also be joined to each other by thermal welding, laser welding, the use of an adhesive agent, or the like. Any method may also be selected from methods known in the art as appropriate for fixing substrate120(first film130) and positioning section140(second film140) to each other. For example, first film130and positioning section140can be joined to each other by thermal welding, laser welding, the use of an adhesive agent, or the like. Alternatively, positioning section140may be fit on substrate120(first film130) via fitting structures provided on substrate120and positioning section140.

Hereinafter, described is an example of a method for handling a fluid by using fluid handling device100according to the present embodiment.FIGS. 5A, 5B, 6A and 6Bare diagrams for describing the fluid handling method according to the present embodiment.FIGS. 5A and 5Bare cross-sectional views of fluid handling device100in the first state, andFIGS. 6A and 6Bare cross-sectional views of fluid handling device100in the second state.FIG. 5Bis a partially enlarged sectional view of a region surrounded by the broken line inFIG. 5A, andFIG. 6Bis a partially enlarged sectional view of a region surrounded by the broken line inFIG. 6A.

The fluid handling method according to the present embodiment includes a step of switching to (selecting) the first state, and a step of switching to (selecting) the second state.

Rotary member160is rotated for switching to the first state. Fluid10, such as a reagent or a liquid sample is then provided to fluid inlets121aand121band introduced into first channels122aand122b. In the first state, gaps are formed (valve opened state) for allowing the fluid to move therethrough between diaphragm131aand first partition wall123a, and between diaphragm131cand second partition wall125a, respectively. At the same time, diaphragm131bis pressed by one of protrusions161aand161bto come into contact with first partition wall123b, and diaphragm131dis pressed by the other one of protrusions161aand161bto come into contact with second partition wall125b. Accordingly, no gap is formed between diaphragm131band first partition wall123b, and between diaphragm131dand second partition wall125b(valve closed state).

Therefore, in the first state, fluid10introduced into channel chip110from fluid inlet121ais moved by capillarity or outside pressure from first channel122ato second channel124, then from second channel124to third channel126a, via the respective gaps between substrate120and first film130to reach fluid outlet127a. In this instance, fluid10cannot move through between diaphragm131bor first partition wall123b, and between diaphragm131dand second partition wall125b. Fluid10introduced into channel chip110from fluid inlet121bthus cannot move from first channel122bto second channel124.

Subsequently, rotary member160is rotated for switching to the second state. Accordingly, gaps are formed between diaphragm131band first partition wall123b, and between diaphragm131dand second partition wall125b, respectively (valve opened state). At the same time, diaphragm131ais pressed to come into contact with first partition wall123a, and diaphragm131cis pressed to come into contact with second partition wall125a. Accordingly, no gap is formed between diaphragm131aand first partition wall123a, and between diaphragm131cand second partition wall125a(valve closed state).

Therefore, in the second state, fluid10introduced into channel chip110from fluid inlet121acannot move from first channel122ato second channel124, or from second channel124to third channel126a. On the other hand, fluid10introduced into channel chip110from fluid inlet121bmoves from first channel122bto second channel124, then from second channel124to third channel126bto reach fluid outlet127b, via the respective gaps between substrate120and first film130.

As described above, switching from the first state to the second state enables both closing of a channel that connects fluid inlet121aand fluid outlet127a, and opening of a channel that connects fluid inlet121bto fluid outlet127b. As a result, the flow of fluid10introduced into channel chip110from fluid inlet121ais stopped. In the fluid handling method described in the present embodiment, the first state is switched to the second state, but the second state may be switched to the first state.

In addition, in channel chip110according to the present embodiment, the channel connecting fluid inlet121aand fluid outlet127ashares second channel124with the channel connecting fluid inlet121band fluid outlet127b. Accordingly, a predetermined amount of fluid (i.e., fluid introduced from fluid inlet121a) remaining in second channel124can be mixed with a fluid introduced from fluid inlet121bwhen the first state is switched to the second state.

Single motion, namely the rotation of rotary member160can open and close a channel in fluid handling device100according to the present embodiment. In fluid handling device100according to the present embodiment, first film130is disposed between rotary member160and a base material (substrate120) constituting a channel of channel chip110. Therefore, the rotating operation of rotary member160for opening and closing the channel does not cause wearing down of the base material constituting the channel, which could have occurred due to the sliding of rotary member160during the rotation thereof.

In addition, in a fluid handling device described in the conventional art, a fluid moves through a channel in a rotary member, and thus a foreign substance, which may be generated by the sliding of the rotary member during the rotation thereof, possibly contaminates the fluid in the channel. In fluid handling device100according to the present embodiment, meanwhile, rotary member160rotates within positioning section140(frame) whose opening is blocked with second film150. As a foreign substance that may be generated by the sliding does not go outside the frame, namely positioning section140, the foreign substance does not contaminate a fluid in the channel.

Further, channel chip110of fluid handling device100according to the present embodiment includes second film150. Therefore, first film130that is another member constituting a channel is not worn down, either.

The above embodiment describes a mode including second film150; however, fluid handling device100and channel chip110according to the present invention are not limited to the mode. For example, channel chip110does not necessarily include second film150. In this case, polyethylene is preferred as the material of first film130for increasing the slidability between first film130and rotary member160. For increasing the slidability between first film130and rotary member160, coating treatment that increases slidability may also be performed on the surface of first film130.

Fluid handling device100(and also channel chip110) may have second film150made of rubber disposed on first film130, and a third film made of polyethylene on second film150. Using second film150made of rubber enables easier adherence of diaphragms131ato131dwith the respective partition walls (i.e., first partition walls123aand123band second partition walls125aand125b) when protrusions161aand161bpresses two of diaphragms131ato131dtoward the partition walls. Gaps between diaphragms131ato131dand partition walls can be thus closed more easily. Further, the third film made of polyethylene enables easier rotation of rotary member160.

The above embodiment describes a mode in which fluid handling device100includes positioning section140; however, a fluid handling device according to the present invention does not necessarily include positioning section140as long as rotary member160can rotate at a predetermined position.

Further, the above embodiment describes a mode that controls the opening and closing of a channel by the rotation of rotary member160; however, the present invention is not limited to the mode. For example, a sliding member which has a protrusion formed thereon and is slidable on first film130is slid straightly on first film130that is disposed on substrate120, thereby controlling the opening and closing of a channel. In this case, the sliding member is slid back and forth on first film130to bring a diaphragm into contact with a partition wall by pressing the diaphragm with the protrusion, or separate the diaphragm from the partition wall, thereby switching between the first state and second state. A positioning section in this case holds the sliding member in such a way that the sliding member can be slid straightly while the positioning section positions the sliding member.

(Configuration of Fluid Handling Device)

FIGS. 7A and 7Billustrate a configuration of fluid handling device200according to Embodiment 2.FIG. 7Ais a bottom view of fluid handling device200, andFIG. 7Bis a front view thereof.FIGS. 8A to 8Cillustrate a configuration of channel chip210according to Embodiment 2.FIG. 8Ais a bottom view of channel chip210,FIG. 8Bis a cross-sectional view taken along line B-B inFIG. 8A, andFIG. 8Cis a cross-sectional view taken along line C-C inFIG. 8A.FIGS. 9A to 9Cillustrate a configuration of rotary member260according to Embodiment 2.FIG. 9Ais a plan view of rotary member260,FIG. 9Bis a front view thereof, andFIG. 9Cis a cross-sectional view taken along line C-C inFIG. 9A.

Substrate220has a groove and/or through hole formed therein as appropriate within a range that can obtain the effect of the present embodiment. The thickness and example materials of substrate220are the same as those of substrate120according to Embodiment 1.

In the present embodiment, film230includes three diaphragms231. Film230is the same as first film130in Embodiment 1 except for the number and positions of diaphragms231. Diaphragms231are, except for the positions thereof in film230, the same as diaphragms131ato131din Embodiment 1.

Channel chip210includes channels for running a fluid therethrough, such as a reagent, liquid sample, gas or powder. More specifically, channel chip210includes three first channel units2A1to2A3and one second channel unit2B. Three first channel units2A1to2A3have identical configurations except for the positions of the channel units in channel chip210. Therefore, only first channel unit2A1is described in the following.

First channel unit2A1includes first housing portion221, first channel222, partition wall223and second channel224.

First housing portion221is a bottomed recess for housing a fluid. In the present embodiment, first housing portion221is composed of a through hole formed in substrate220, and film230blocking one of the openings of the through hole. The shape and size of first housing portion221are the same as those of fluid inlet121ain Embodiment 1, respectively.

A fluid to be housed in first housing portion221may be changed as appropriate in accordance with the use of fluid handling device200. The fluid may be a reagent, liquid sample, powder or the like.

First channel222allows a fluid to move therein. The upstream end of first channel222is connected to first housing portion221. At the downstream end of first channel222, partition wall223is disposed. In the present embodiment, first channel222is composed of a groove formed in substrate220, and film230blocking the opening of the groove. The cross-sectional area and cross-sectional shape of first channel222are the same as those of first channel122ain Embodiment 1, respectively.

Partition wall223is formed between the downstream end of first channel222and the upstream end of second channel224. Partition wall223functions as a valve seat of a microvalve for opening and closing a channel. The shape and height of partition wall223are the same as those of first partition wall123ain Embodiment 1, respectively.

Second channel224allows a fluid to move therein. At the upstream end of second channel224, partition wall223is disposed. The downstream end of second channel224is connected to the upstream end of third channel225(described below) of second channel unit2B. In the present embodiment, second channel224is composed of a groove formed in substrate220, and film230blocking the opening of the groove. The cross-sectional area and cross-sectional shape of second channel224are the same as those of first channel122ain Embodiment 1, respectively.

Second channel unit2B includes third channel225and second housing portion226.

Third channel225allows a fluid to move therein. The upstream end of third channel225is connected to the downstream ends of three second channels224in respective first channel units2A1to2A3. The downstream end of third channel225is connected to second housing portion226. In the present embodiment, third channel225is composed of a groove formed in substrate220, and film230blocking the opening of the groove. The cross-sectional area and cross-sectional shape of third channel225are the same as those of first channel122aaccording to Embodiment 1, respectively.

Second housing portion226is a bottomed recess for housing a fluid. In the present embodiment, second housing portion226is composed of a through hole formed in substrate220, and film230blocking one of the openings of the through hole. The shape and size of second housing portion226are the same as those of fluid outlet127ain Embodiment 1, respectively.

A fluid to be housed in second housing portion226may be changed as appropriate in accordance with the use of fluid handling device200. For example, second housing portion226may be used as a chamber for mixing fluids coming from first housing portions221in three first channel units2A1to2A3, respectively. In this case, the size of second housing portion226is preferably sufficient to accommodate the volume of the housing fluids coming from first housing portions221in first channel units2A1to2A3.

Rotary member260is the same as rotary member160in Embodiment 1 except that notch162or handle163is not formed in rotary member260, and the shape of protrusion261formed on the underside of rotary member260is different. Rotary member260may be held by a positioning section for positioning rotary member260so that rotary member260can rotate.

As illustrated inFIGS. 9A to 9C, protrusion261is formed on the underside of rotary member260in the present embodiment. Protrusion261is a projected line extending along the rotation direction of rotary member260. Protrusion261includes one notch262. The length of notch262in the circumferential direction of rotary member260is, for example, the same as or larger than the size of diaphragm231in plan view. In the present embodiment, the length of notch262is about the same as the size of diaphragm231.

Fluid handling device200according to the present embodiment includes three microvalves. The microvalves are respectively composed of partition walls223in first channel units2A1to2A3and corresponding diaphragms231. In fluid handling device200, each microvalve switches between a first state and second state. In the first state, protrusion261is positioned so as not to face partition wall223with diaphragm231therebetween, and in the second state, protrusion261is positioned so as to face partition wall223with diaphragm231therebetween. In other words, notch262of rotary member260is positioned so as to face partition wall223with diaphragm231therebetween in the first state.

Fluid handling device200is produced in the same manner as the fluid handling device according to Embodiment 1 except that positioning section140is fixed to the substrate. For example, fluid handling device200may be produced by disposing rotary member260on substrate220having film230joined thereto at a desired position so that film230faces the underside of rotary member260.

Hereinafter, described is an example of a method for handling a fluid by using fluid handling device200according to Embodiment 2 (fluid handling method according to Embodiment 2). In the present embodiment, a method is described in which a fluid each coming from first housing portions221of respective three first channel units2A1to2A3is moved to second housing portion226and mixed.

Predetermined fluids are previously housed in first housing portions221of first channel units2A1to2A3, respectively. Rotary member260is then rotated for switching the microvalve in first channel unit2A1to the first state (valve opened state). In this instance, the microvalves in respective first channel units2A2and2A3are in the second state (valve closed state). Accordingly, first channel222communicates with second channel224in first channel unit2A1, and first channel222does not communicate with second channel224in each of first channel units2A2and2A3. A fluid in first housing portion221of first channel unit2A1is thus moved by outside pressure or the like from first channel222, to a gap between diaphragm231and partition wall223, to second channel224, and then to third channel225to reach second housing portion226.

Subsequently, rotary member260is further rotated to open the microvalve in first channel unit2A2and the microvalve in first channel unit2A3one at a time. This can move fluids in first housing portions221of first channel units2A2and2A3, respectively, to second housing portion226in the same manner as the movement of a liquid from first housing portion221of first channel unit2A1to second housing portion226. The fluids coming from respective first housing portions221of first channel units2A1to2A3thus can be mixed and reacted in second housing portion226.

In fluid handling device200as described above, the rotation of rotary member260enables suitable movement of fluids by switching between the first state and the second state.

Channel chip210, fluid handling device200and the fluid handling method according to Embodiment 2 have the effects the same as in Embodiment 1.

In addition, for mixing a plurality of fluids, it is necessary in some cases for a conventional fluid handling method to move the plurality of fluids using an external device or to move a channel chip. The fluid handling method according to the present embodiment, on the other hand, can mix a plurality of fluids by single motion, namely the rotation of rotary member260. In the present embodiment, as it is not necessary to move a fluid using an external device, the fluid can be handled easily and highly efficiently, and further, because it is not necessary to move a channel chip, no liquid leakage occurs.

FIGS. 10A to 10Cillustrate a configuration of channel chip310according to Embodiment 3.FIG. 10Ais a bottom view of channel chip310,FIG. 10Bis a cross-sectional view taken along line B-B inFIG. 10A, andFIG. 10Cis a cross-sectional view taken along line C-C inFIG. 10A.

A fluid handling device according to Embodiment 3 includes channel chip310and rotary member260. The fluid handling device according to Embodiment 3 is the same as fluid handling device200according to Embodiment 2 except for a configuration of liquid chip310. Therefore, the same reference numerals are given to the components the same as those of fluid handling device200according to Embodiment 2, and the descriptions thereof will be omitted.

Channel chip310includes substrate320and first film230. Substrate320has a groove and/or through hole formed therein as appropriate within a range that can obtain the effect of the present embodiment. The thickness and example materials of substrate320are the same as those of substrate120according to Embodiment 1.

Channel chip310includes channels for running a fluid therethrough, such as a reagent, liquid sample, gas or powder. More specifically, channel chip310includes three first channel units3A1to3A3and one second channel unit3B.

First channel units3A1to3A3each include first housing portion221, first channel222and partition wall223. Second channel unit3B includes third channel325and second housing portion226.

Second channel unit3B is the same as second channel unit2B in Embodiment 2 except that the shape of third channel325is different from that of third channel225. Specifically, third channel325of second channel unit3B extends in such a way that when channel chip310is viewed from the bottom, third channel325links three partition walls223in respective first channel units3A1to3A3and second housing portion226in second channel unit3B in sequence. In the present embodiment, third channel325extends in such a way that a portion thereof extending in the shape of an arc links three partition walls223of respective first channel units3A1to3A3, and another portion thereof extending straight is connected to second housing portion226at its end.

In channel chip310, diaphragm231faces a facing region composed of a downstream-end portion of first channel222, partition wall223and a part of third channel325.

The fluid handling device according to Embodiment 3 may be used in the same manner as fluid handling device200according to Embodiment 2. In the fluid handling device according to Embodiment 3, the rotation of rotary member260also enables suitable movement of fluids by switching between the first state and the second state.

In addition, in channel chip310, a fluid coming from first housing portion221moves to second housing portion226through first channel222, the gap between diaphragm231and partition wall223, and third channel325. Therefore, when a cleaning fluid moves as the fluid from first housing portion221of first channel unit3A1to second housing portion226, the cleaning fluid can move through the entire channel positioned downstream of partition wall223(i.e., third channel325). This enables cleaning of the entire channel positioned downstream of partition wall223by a single cleaning operation in channel chip310.

Channel chip310, the fluid handling device and the fluid handling method according to Embodiment 3 have the effects the same as in Embodiment 1. In addition, a single cleaning operation can clean the entire channel positioned downstream of partition wall223in Embodiment 3.

FIGS. 11A to 11Cillustrate a configuration of channel chip410according to Embodiment 4.FIG. 11Ais a bottom view of channel chip410,FIG. 11Bis a cross-sectional view taken along line B-B inFIG. 11A, andFIG. 11Cis a cross-sectional view taken along line C-C inFIG. 11A.

A fluid handling device according to Embodiment 4 includes channel chip410and rotary member260. The fluid handling device according to Embodiment 4 is the same as the fluid handling device according to Embodiment 3 except for a configuration of liquid chip410. Therefore, the same reference numerals are given to the components the same as those of the fluid handling device according to Embodiment 3, and the descriptions thereof will be omitted.

Channel chip410includes substrate420and film430. Substrate420has a groove and/or through hole formed therein as appropriate within a range that can obtain the effect of the present embodiment. The thickness and example materials of substrate420are the same as those of substrate120according to Embodiment 1.

Film430includes three diaphragms431. Film430is the same as film230in Embodiment 2 except for the positions of diaphragms431. Diaphragms431are, except for the positions thereof in film430, the same as diaphragms131ato131din Embodiment 1.

Channel chip410includes channels for running a fluid therethrough, such as a reagent, liquid sample, gas or powder. More specifically, channel chip410includes three first channel units4A1to4A3and one second channel unit4B.

First channel units4A1to4A3are the same as first channel units3A1to3A3in Embodiment 3 except for the positions of first housing portions221, first channels222and partition walls223.

Second channel unit4B is the same as second channel unit3B in Embodiment 3 except that the shape of third channel425is different from that of third channel325. Specifically, third channel425is disposed in such a way that when channel chip410is viewed from the bottom, third channel425does not cross a part (hereinafter also referred to as “slide part”) where protrusion261of rotary member260slides on first film430. In Embodiment 4, third channel425is disposed in such a way that when channel chip410is viewed from the bottom, third channel425is positioned outside the slide part.

The fluid handling device according to Embodiment 4 may be used in the same manner as the fluid handling device according to Embodiment 3. In the fluid handling device according to Embodiment 4, the rotation of rotary member260also enables suitable movement of fluids by switching between the first state and the second state.

Channel chip410, the fluid handling device and the fluid handling method according to Embodiment 4 have the effects the same as in Embodiment 3. In addition, in Embodiment 4, third channel425is disposed in such a way that when channel chip410is viewed from the bottom, third channel425does not cross the slide part where protrusion261of rotary member260slides on first film430. This prevents protrusion261of rotary member260from pressing first film430on third channel425.

(Configuration of Fluid Handling Device)

FIGS. 12A and 12Billustrate a configuration of fluid handling device500according to Embodiment 5.FIG. 12Ais a bottom view of fluid handling device500, andFIG. 12Bis a front view thereof.FIGS. 13A to 13Cillustrate a configuration of channel chip510according to Embodiment 5.FIG. 13Ais a bottom view of channel chip510,FIG. 13Bis a cross-sectional view taken along line B-B inFIG. 13A, andFIG. 13Cis a cross-sectional view taken along line C-C inFIG. 13A.FIGS. 14A to 14Cillustrate a configuration of rotary member560according to Embodiment 5.FIG. 14Ais a plan view of rotary member560,FIG. 14Bis a front view thereof, andFIG. 14Cis a cross-sectional view taken along line C-C inFIG. 14A.

Fluid handling device500according to Embodiment 5 includes channel chip510and rotary member560. Some of the components of fluid handling device500according to Embodiment 5 are the same as those of fluid handling device200according to Embodiment 2. Therefore, the same reference numerals are given to the components the same as those of the fluid handling device according to Embodiment 2, and the descriptions thereof will be omitted.

Channel chip510includes substrate520and film530. Substrate520has a groove and/or through hole formed therein as appropriate within a range that can obtain the effect of the present embodiment. The thickness and example materials of substrate520are the same as those of substrate120according to Embodiment 1.

Film530includes three diaphragms231and one diaphragm531. Film530is the same as film230in Embodiment 2 except for the number of diaphragms231and531. Diaphragm531is disposed above partition wall223of first channel unit5A4. Diaphragms531is, except for the position thereof on film530, the same as diaphragms131ato131din Embodiment 1.

Channel chip510includes channels for running a fluid therethrough, such as a reagent, liquid sample, gas or powder. More specifically, channel chip510includes four first channel units2A1to2A3and5A4, and second housing portion526. Channel chip510is the same as channel chip210according to Embodiment 2 except that channel chip510includes first channel unit5A4in place of second channel unit2B, and the position of second housing portion526is different from that of second housing portion226.

In Embodiment 5, second housing portion526is disposed at the downstream-end portions (junction) of second channels224in respective four first channel units2A1to2A3and5A4. Second housing portion526is the same as second housing portion226in Embodiment 2 except for the position thereof in channel chip510.

Rotary member560is the same as rotary member260in Embodiment 2 except that the shape of protrusion561formed on the underside of rotary member560is different from that of protrusion261. Protrusion561is a projected line extending along the rotation direction of rotary member560. Protrusion561includes plurality of notches. The number and positions of the notches can be adjusted as appropriate in accordance with the configuration, such as the number and positions of partition walls223, of fluid handling device500.

As illustrated inFIG. 14A, protrusion561includes six notches562ato562fin the present embodiment. The positions of six notches562ato562fmay be determined in such a way that a motion process in fluid handling device500is terminated when rotary member560is rotated at a predetermined angle (for example, 90°) in one direction.

There is an assumption that when rotary member560is viewed from the bottom, a point where the bottom surface of rotary member560and the rotation axis thereof intersect is a center, and the position of notch562ais a reference position (central angle 0°). In the present embodiment, notches562b,562c,562d,562eand562fare disposed at positions corresponding to central angles 60°, 120°, 195°, 225°, and 255°, respectively,

The length of each of notches562ato562fin the circumferential direction of rotary member560is, for example, the same as or larger than the size of each of diaphragms231and531in plan view. Notches562ato562fmay have the same length or different lengths. In the present embodiment, notches562ato562fhave identical lengths that are about the same as the size of diaphragms231and531.

Hereinafter, described is an example of a method for handling a fluid by using fluid handling device500according to Embodiment 5 (fluid handling method according to Embodiment 5). In the present embodiment, a method is described in which a reaction liquid is moved from each of first housing portions221in respective three first channel units2A1to2A3to second housing portion526for a desired reaction, and every time after the reaction liquid is moved, a cleaning fluid is moved from first housing portion221of first channel unit5A4to second housing portion526for cleaning second housing portion526. Accordingly, the reaction and cleaning are alternately performed in the present embodiment.

FIGS. 15A to 15Fare schematic views of the bottom surface of fluid handling device500for describing respective steps in a fluid handling method according to Embodiment 5. As illustrated inFIGS. 15A to 15F, the fluid handling method according to the present embodiment includes first to sixth steps.

Predetermined reaction liquids are previously stored in first housing portions221of first channel units2A1to2A3, respectively, and a cleaning fluid in first housing portion221of first channel unit5A4. Rotary member560is then rotated for switching the microvalve in first channel unit2A1to the first state (valve opened state; seeFIG. 15A). In this instance, the microvalves in first channel units2A2,2A3and5A4are all in the second state (valve closed state; seeFIG. 15A). This enables the reaction liquid in first housing portion221of first channel unit2A1to move to second housing portion526. In second housing portion526, a desired reaction is performed. After the reaction in the first step, the reaction liquid introduced into second housing portion526from first housing portion221of first channel unit2A1is removed.

Rotary member560is then further rotated for switching the microvalve in first channel unit5A4to the first state (valve opened state; seeFIG. 15B). In this instance, the microvalves in first channel units2A1to2A3are all in the second state (valve closed state; seeFIG. 15B). This enables the cleaning fluid in first housing portion221of first channel unit5A4to move to second housing portion526, thereby cleaning the inside of second housing portion526. After the cleaning in the second step, the cleaning fluid introduced into second housing portion526from first housing portion221of first channel unit5A4is removed.

Rotary member560is then further rotated for switching the microvalve in first channel unit2A2to the first state (valve opened state; seeFIG. 15C). In this instance, the microvalves in first channel units2A1,2A3and5A4are all in the second state (valve closed state; seeFIG. 15C). In a similar manner as in the first step, the reaction liquid in first housing portion221of first channel unit2A2moves to second housing portion526, and a desired reaction is performed. After the reaction in the third step, the reaction liquid introduced into second housing portion526from first housing portion221of first channel unit2A2is removed.

Rotary member560is then further rotated for cleaning the inside of second housing portion526in a similar manner as in the second step (seeFIG. 15D). After the cleaning in the fourth step, the cleaning fluid introduced into second housing portion526from first housing portion221of first channel unit5A4is removed.

Rotary member560is then further rotated for switching the microvalve in first channel unit2A3to the first state (valve opened state; seeFIG. 15E). In this instance, the microvalves in first channel units2A1,2A2and5A4are all in the second state (valve closed state; seeFIG. 15E). In a similar manner as in the first step, the reaction liquid in first housing portion221of first channel unit2A3moves to second housing portion526, and a desired reaction is performed. After the reaction in the fifth step, the reaction liquid introduced into second housing portion526from first housing portion221of first channel unit2A3is removed.

Finally, Rotary member560is further rotated for cleaning the inside of second housing portion526in a similar manner as in the second step (seeFIG. 15F). After the cleaning in the sixth step, the cleaning fluid introduced into second housing portion526from first housing portion221of first channel unit5A4is removed.

In the fluid handling method according to Embodiment 5 as described above, the rotation of rotary member560in one direction enables suitable movement of fluids by switching between the first state and the second state. Accordingly, there is no need to rotate rotary member560in the opposite direction.

Channel chip510, fluid handling device500and the fluid handling method according to Embodiment 5 have the effects the same as in Embodiment 1.

Modification of Embodiment 5

The fluid handling method according to Embodiment 5 is not limited to the above described method.FIGS. 16A to 16Eare schematic views of the bottom surface of fluid handling device500for describing respective steps in a fluid handling method according to a modification of Embodiment 5. As illustrated inFIGS. 16A to 16E, the fluid handling method according to the present modification includes first to fifth steps.

(First, Third and Fourth Steps)

The first, third and fourth steps in the modification of Embodiment 5 are the same as the first, second and third steps of the fluid handling method according to Embodiment 5, respectively (compareFIG. 15AtoFIG. 16A,FIG. 15B to 16C, andFIG. 15C to 16D). Therefore, the second and fifth steps in the modification of Embodiment 5 are described in the following.

In the second step of the present modification, the microvalve in first channel unit2A1as well as the microvalve in first channel unit5A4is opened (seeFIG. 16B). In this instance, rotary member560is disposed in such a way that protrusion561partly faces partition walls223of first channel units2A1and5A4with diaphragms231and531therebetween, respectively. Accordingly, the microvalves in first channel units2A1and5A4are in a partly opened state in the second step in the present modification. This enables the cleaning fluid in first housing portion221of first channel unit5A4to move to first housing portion221in first channel unit2A1through second housing portion526. Therefore, the second step of the present modification can clean the inside of second channel224in first channel unit2A1as well as the inside of second housing portion526. This can prevent the reaction liquid from remaining inside second channel224of first channel unit2A1.

Similarly, in the fifth step of the present modification, the microvalve in first channel units2A2as well as the microvalve in first channel unit5A4is in a partly opened state (seeFIG. 16E). Therefore, the inside of second channel224in first channel unit2A2as well as the inside of second housing portion526can be cleaned in a similar manner as in the second step of the present modification. This can prevent the reaction liquid from remaining inside second channel224of first channel unit2A2.

FIGS. 17A to 17Cillustrate a configuration of rotary member660according to Embodiment 6.FIG. 17Ais a plan view of rotary member660,FIG. 17Bis a front view thereof, andFIG. 17Cis a cross-sectional view taken along line C-C inFIG. 17A.

(Configuration of Fluid Handling Device)

A fluid handling device according to Embodiment 6 includes channel chip510and rotary member660. The fluid handling device according to Embodiment 6 is the same as fluid handling device500according to Embodiment 5 except for a configuration of rotary member660. Therefore, the same reference numerals are given to the components the same as those of fluid handling device500according to Embodiment 5, and the descriptions thereof will be omitted.

Rotary member660is the same as rotary member560according to Embodiment 5 except that notches662ato662cformed in protrusion661are different in size from notches562ato562cformed in protrusion561.

Protrusion661includes six notches662ato662cand562dto562f. In the present embodiment, notches662A to662C are different from notches562dto562fin length in the circumferential direction of rotary member660. The length of each of notches662ato662cis about twice the size of diaphragm231in plan view. The length of each of notches562dto562fis about the same as the size of diaphragm231in plan view.

FIGS. 18A to 18Fare schematic views of the bottom surface of a fluid handling device for describing respective steps in a fluid handling method according to Embodiment 6. As illustrated inFIGS. 18A to 18F, the fluid handling method according to Embodiment 6 includes first to sixth steps.

(First, Third and Fifth Steps)

The first, third and fifth steps in Embodiment 6 are the same as the first, third and fifth steps in Embodiment 5, respectively (compareFIG. 15AtoFIG. 18A,FIG. 15C to 18C, andFIG. 15E to 18E). The second, fourth and sixth steps are described in the following.

The second step in Embodiment 6 is substantially the same as the second step in the modification of Embodiment 5 (compareFIG. 16BtoFIG. 18B). In the second step of Embodiment 6, the microvalve in first channel unit2A1as well as the microvalve in first channel unit5A4is in the first state (valve opened state; seeFIG. 18B). In this instance, rotary member660is disposed in such a way that protrusion661does not face partition wall223of first channel unit2A1or5A4with diaphragm231or531therebetween, respectively. This can clean the inside of second channel224in first channel unit2A1as well as the inside of second housing portion526, thereby preventing the reaction liquid from remaining inside second channel224of first channel unit2A1. After the cleaning in the second step, the cleaning fluid introduced into second housing portion526from first housing portion221of first channel unit5A4is removed.

As described above, the microvalves in first channel units2A1and5A4are in a partly opened state in the second step in the modification of Embodiment 5. In the second step of Embodiment 6, meanwhile, protrusion661does not face partition wall223in first channel unit2A1or5A4at all. Therefore, the microvalves in first channel units2A1and5A4are fully opened compared to the modification, and thus more fluid can move through in the second step of Embodiment 6. The same can applies to the fourth and sixth steps in Embodiment 6 described below.

The fourth step in Embodiment 6 is substantially the same as as the fifth step in the modification of Embodiment 5 (compareFIG. 16EandFIG. 18D). In the fourth step of Embodiment 6, the microvalve in first channel unit2A2as well as the microvalve in first channel unit5A4is in the first state (valve opened state; seeFIG. 18D). This can clean the inside of second channel224in first channel unit2A2as well as the inside of second housing portion526, thereby preventing the reaction liquid from remaining inside second channel224of first channel unit2A2, in a similar manner as in the second step of Embodiment 6. After the cleaning in the fourth step, the cleaning fluid introduced into second housing portion526from first housing portion221of first channel unit5A4is removed.

In the sixth step of Embodiment 6, the microvalve in first channel unit2A3as well as the microvalve in first channel unit5A4is in the first state (valve opened state; seeFIG. 18F). This can clean the inside of second channel224in first channel unit2A3as well as the inside of second housing portion526, thereby preventing the reaction liquid from remaining inside second channel224of first channel unit2A3, in a similar manner as in the second step of Embodiment 6. After the cleaning in the sixth step, the cleaning fluid introduced into second housing portion526from first housing portion221of first channel unit5A4is removed.

Channel chip610, the fluid handling device and the fluid handling method according to Embodiment 6 have the effects the same as in the modification of Embodiment 5.

(Configuration of Fluid Handling Device)

FIGS. 19A to 19Cillustrate a configuration of fluid handling device700or channel chip710according to Embodiment 7.FIG. 19Ais a bottom view of fluid handling device700,FIG. 12Bis a front view thereof, andFIG. 19Cis a bottom view of channel chip710.

FIGS. 20A to 20Cillustrate a configuration of rotary member760according to Embodiment 7.FIG. 20Ais a plan view of rotary member760,FIG. 20Bis a front view thereof, andFIG. 20Cis a cross-sectional view taken along line C-C inFIG. 20A.

Fluid handling device700according to Embodiment 7 includes channel chip710and rotary member760. Some of the components of the fluid handling device according to Embodiment 7 are the same as those of fluid handling device500according to Embodiment 5. Therefore, the same reference numerals are given to the components the same as those of fluid handling device500according to Embodiment 5, and the descriptions thereof will be omitted.

Channel chip710includes substrate720and film730. Substrate720has a groove and/or through hole formed therein as appropriate within a range that can obtain the effect of the present embodiment. The thickness and example materials of substrate720are the same as those of substrate120according to Embodiment 1.

Film730includes three diaphragms231and one diaphragm731. Film730is the same as film530in Embodiment 5 except for the position of diaphragm731. Diaphragm731is disposed above partition wall223of first channel unit7A4. Diaphragm731is, except for the position thereof on film730, the same as diaphragm531in Embodiment 5.

Channel chip710includes channels for running a fluid therethrough, such as a reagent, liquid sample, gas or powder. More specifically, channel chip710includes four first channel units2A1to2A3and7A4, and second housing portion526. Channel chip710is the same as channel chip510according to Embodiment 5 except that channel chip710includes first channel unit7A4in place of first channel unit5A4. First channel unit7A4is the same as first channel unit5A4except for the position of partition wall223. Partition wall223in first channel unit7A4is disposed at a position close to second housing portion526compared to partition wall223in first channel unit5A4(compareFIG. 13AtoFIG. 19C).

First protrusion761aand second protrusion761bare formed on the underside of rotary member760. First protrusion761aand second protrusion761bare projected lines extending along the rotation direction of rotary member760. First protrusion761aand second protrusion761bare concentrically disposed when rotary member760is viewed from the bottom. In the present embodiment, first protrusion761ais positioned so as to surround second protrusion761bwhen rotary member760is viewed from the bottom.

First protrusion761aincludes one notch762a. The length of notch762ain the circumferential direction of rotary member760is, for example, the same as or larger than the size of each of diaphragms231and731in plan view. In the present embodiment, the length of notch762ais about the same as the size of each of diaphragms231and731.

Second protrusion761bincludes four notches762bto762e. The length of each of notches762bto762ein the circumferential direction of rotary member760is, for example, the same as or larger than the size of each of diaphragms231and731in plan view. In the present embodiment, notches762bto762ehave identical lengths that are about the same as the size of diaphragms231and731. In the present embodiment, notches762bto762eare disposed respectively at positions corresponding to four corners of a virtual quadrangle that circumscribes second protrusion761b.

FIGS. 21A to 21Fare schematic views of the bottom surface of a fluid handling device for describing respective steps in a fluid handling method according to Embodiment 7. As illustrated inFIGS. 21A to 21F, the fluid handling method according to Embodiment 7 includes first to sixth steps. The first to sixth steps in Embodiment 7 correspond to the first to sixth steps in Embodiment 5 in view of the moving direction of a fluid (compareFIGS. 15A to 15FtoFIGS. 21A to 21F), respectively.

The fluid handling method according to Embodiment 7 is the same as the fluid handling method according to Embodiment 5 except that first protrusion761acontributes to the switching of the open/close state (between the first state and second state) of the microvalve in each of first channel units2A1to2A3, while second protrusion761bcontributes to the switching of the open/close state (between the first state and second state) of the microvalve in first channel unit7A4.

Channel chip710, fluid handling device700and the fluid handling method according to Embodiment 7 have the effects the same as in Embodiment 5.

FIG. 22illustrates a configuration of channel chip810according to Embodiment 8.

A fluid handling device according to Embodiment 8 includes channel chip810and rotary member760. The fluid handling device according to Embodiment 8 is the same as fluid handling device700according to Embodiment 7 except for a configuration of channel chip810. Therefore, the same reference numerals are given to the components the same as those of fluid handling device700according to Embodiment 7, and the descriptions thereof will be omitted.

Channel chip810includes substrate820and film830. Substrate820has a groove and/or through hole formed therein as appropriate within a range that can obtain the effect of the present embodiment. The thickness and example materials of substrate820are the same as those of substrate120according to Embodiment 1.

Film830includes three diaphragms231, one diaphragm731and three diaphragms831. Film830is the same as film730in Embodiment 7 except for the number of diaphragms231,731and831. Diaphragms831are disposed above partition walls223in below described third channel units8C1to8C3, respectively. Diaphragms831are, except for the positions thereof on film830, the same as diaphragm531in Embodiment 5.

Channel chip810includes channels for running a fluid therethrough, such as a reagent, liquid sample, gas or powder. More specifically, channel chip810includes four first channel units2A1to2A3and7A4, three third channel units8C1to8C3and second housing portion526. Channel chip810is the same as channel chip710according to Embodiment 7 except that channel chip810further includes three third channel units8C1to8C3. Three third channel units8C1to8C3have identical configurations except for the positions of the channel units in channel chip810. Therefore, only third channel unit8C1is described in the following.

Third channel unit8C1includes first housing portion221, first channel222, partition wall223and fourth channel827.

Fourth channel827allows a fluid to move therein. Partition wall223of third channel unit8C1is disposed at one end of fourth channel827. At the other end of fourth channel827, the upstream end of second channel224and partition wall223both in first channel unit2A1are disposed. In the present embodiment, fourth channel827may be composed of a groove formed in substrate820and film830blocking the opening of the groove. The cross-sectional area and cross-sectional shape of fourth channel827are the same as those of first channel122ain Embodiment 1, respectively.

FIGS. 23A and 23Bare schematic views of the bottom surface of a fluid handling device for describing respective steps in a fluid handling method according to Embodiment 8. As illustrated inFIGS. 23A and 23B, the fluid handling method according to Embodiment 8 includes first and second steps. The first step in Embodiment 8 corresponds to the first step in Embodiment 7 in view of the moving direction of a fluid (compareFIG. 21AtoFIG. 23A). Therefore, the second step in Embodiment 8 is described in the following.

In the second step of Embodiment 8, the microvalve in third channel unit8C1as well as the microvalve in first channel unit7A4is in the first state (valve opened state; seeFIG. 23B). A cleaning fluid in first housing portion221of first channel unit7A4thus moves through second housing portion526, then second channel224of first channel unit2A1to reach first housing portion221in third channel unit8C1. Therefore, the second step of Embodiment 8 can clean the inside of second channel224of first channel unit2A1as well as the inside of second housing portion526. This can prevent the reaction liquid from remaining inside second channel224of first channel unit2A1.

In addition, the microvalves in first channel units2A1to2A3are all in the second state (valve closed state) in the second step of Embodiment 8. The cleaning fluid in first housing portion221of first channel unit7A4thus does not flow into first channels222of first channel units2A1to2A3.

Channel chip810, the fluid handling device and the fluid handling method according to Embodiment 8 have the effects the same as in Embodiment 7. In addition, Embodiment 8 can prevent a cleaning fluid from flowing into first channel222, and also a reaction liquid from remaining inside second channel224.

FIGS. 24A and 24Billustrate a configuration of fluid handling device900according to Embodiment 9.FIG. 24Ais a bottom view illustrating the configuration of fluid handling device900, andFIG. 24Bis a front view thereof. Fluid handling device900according to Embodiment 9 includes channel chip910and rotary member960. Some of the components of fluid handling device900according to Embodiment 9 are the same as those of the fluid handling device according to Embodiment 3. Therefore, the same reference numerals are given to the components the same as those of the fluid handling device according to Embodiment 3, and the descriptions thereof will be omitted.

Channel chip910includes substrate320, film230and first electrode940. Channel chip910is the same as channel chip310according to Embodiment 3 except that channel chip910further includes first electrode940. In the present embodiment, substrate320is composed of an insulation material.

First electrode940may be at any position as long as first electrode940can contact second electrode963. First electrode940may be disposed on, for example, film230or substrate320. When first electrode940is disposed on substrate320, a through hole is formed in the film for exposing the first electrode940on the surface of channel chip810. In the present embodiment, first electrode940is disposed on film230.

The position and shape of first electrode940are not limited as long as first electrode940can contact second electrode963on rotary member960. In fluid handling device900, first electrode940is disposed at least at a position facing the bottom surface of rotary member960. For the connection with an external circuit, first electrode940may extend to the outer edge of film230.

The number of first electrodes940is not limited, and may be appropriately set in accordance with, for example, the number of the channel units in channel chip910. The present embodiment has four first electrodes940which are disposed in the vicinities of first channel units3A1to3A3and second channel unit3B, respectively, when channel chip910is viewed from the bottom.

In the present embodiment, first electrodes940are disposed on film230at least at positions corresponding to partition walls223.

Any material that has desired conductivity may be selected for first electrode940. For example, examples of the materials of first electrode940include gold, silver, copper, aluminum, alloys thereof, and carbon paste. Examples of methods for forming first electrode940include sputtering, vapor deposition, plating and printing. First electrode940may have any thickness which is, for example, preferably 100 nm to 20 μm.

Rotary member960includes protrusion261and second electrode963. Rotary member960is the same as rotary member260in Embodiment 2 except that rotary member960has a size different from rotary member260, and further includes second electrode963. In the present embodiment, the body of rotary member960is composed of an insulation material.

Second electrode963may be at any position as long as second electrode963can contact first electrode940. Second electrode963is disposed on the outer surface of the body of rotary member960. In the present embodiment, second electrode963is disposed at least on the bottom surface of rotary member960. Second electrode963may be disposed in such a way that a part thereof to be in contact with first electrode940is approximately at the same height as the upper surface of protrusion261. For the connection with an external circuit, second electrode963may extend to the side surface or top surface of rotary member960.

Second electrode963may have any shape as long as second electrode963can contact first electrode940disposed on film230. The part, which is to be in contact with first electrode940, in second electrode963may be formed to protrude toward first electrode940.

In the present embodiment, second electrode963is disposed on the bottom surface of the body of rotary member960at least at a position corresponding to notch262formed in protrusion261.

The thickness and example materials of second electrode963, and the methods for forming second electrode963are the same as in the case of first electrode940.

A fluid handling method using fluid handling device900according to Embodiment 9 is the same as the fluid handling method according to Embodiment 3. In addition, in Embodiment 9, first electrode940disposed on film230can contact second electrode963disposed on the body of rotary member960when rotary member960is rotated. The external circuit can detect the contact between first electrode940and second electrode963. The rotational position of rotary member960(at least one of the positions of protrusion261and notch262) may be detected on the basis of the detection result.

As described above, first electrodes940are disposed at positions corresponding to partition walls223of channel units, respectively, in Embodiment 9. Second electrode963is disposed on the bottom surface of the body of rotary member960at a position facing notch262of protrusion261. The occasion when notch262of rotary member960is positioned above partition wall223(switched to the first state) thus can be detected on the basis of the above detection result. Therefore, the rotational position of rotary member960can be accurately detected for switching between the first state and second state in each channel unit.

Channel chip910, fluid handling device900and the fluid handling method according to Embodiment 9 have the effects the same as in Embodiment 3. In addition, the rotational position of rotary member960can be accurately detected in Embodiment 9.

(Configuration of Fluid Handling Device)

FIGS. 25A to 25Cillustrate a configuration of fluid handling device1000according to Embodiment 10.FIG. 25Ais a plan view illustrating the configuration of fluid handling device1000,FIG. 25Bis a bottom view thereof, andFIG. 25Cis a front view thereof.FIGS. 26A to 26Cillustrate a configuration of channel chip1010according to Embodiment 10.FIG. 26Ais a bottom view of channel chip1010,FIG. 26Bis a cross-sectional view taken along line B-B inFIG. 26A, andFIG. 26Cis a cross-sectional view taken along line C-C inFIG. 26A.

Fluid handling device1000according to Embodiment 10 includes channel chip1010and rotary member260. Fluid handling device1000according to Embodiment 10 includes channel chip1010whose configuration is different from channel chip510according to Embodiment 5, and rotary member260whose configuration is the same as rotary member260according to Embodiment 2. Therefore, the same reference numerals are given to the components the same as those of fluid handling devices200and500according to respective Embodiments 2 and 5, and the descriptions thereof will be omitted.

Substrate1020has a groove and/or through hole formed therein as appropriate within a range that can obtain the effect of the present embodiment. The thickness and example materials of substrate1020are the same as those of substrate120according to Embodiment 1.

Film1030includes fourteen diaphragms1031. Film530is the same as film530in Embodiment 5 except for the number of diaphragms1031. Diaphragm1031is disposed above partition wall223in below described first channel unit10A4.

Diaphragms1031are, except for the positions thereof on film1030, the same as diaphragms131ato131din Embodiment 1.

Cover1070is disposed on the top surface of substrate1020. As will be described in detail below, cover1070partly covers grooves formed in substrate1020, thereby forming pressure-reducing unit10D and pressure-increasing unit10E.

The position and size of cover1070are not limited, and are set as appropriate within a range that can obtain the effect of the present embodiment. Cover1070covers at least the groove used for pressure-reducing unit10D and the groove used for pressure-increasing unit10E. Cover1070may be flexible, or rigid. In the present embodiment, cover1070is a flexible film. Examples of the materials of cover1070are the same as those of first film130in Embodiment 1.

Channel chip1010includes channels for running a fluid therethrough, such as a reagent, liquid sample, gas or powder. More specifically, channel chip1010includes fourteen first channel units10A1to10A14, second housing portion526, pressure-reducing unit10D and pressure-increasing unit10E.

When channel chip1010is viewed from the bottom, fourteen first channel units10A1to10A14are disposed radially from second housing portion526as the center. Fourteen first channel units10A1to10A14have identical configurations except for the positions of the channel units in channel chip1010. Therefore, only first channel unit10A1is described. First channel unit10A1includes first housing portion221, first channel222, partition wall223and second channel224.

Pressure-reducing unit10D includes pressure-reducing port1021and pressure-reducing channel1022. Pressure-reducing unit10D is disposed in channel chip1010and on the surface opposite to the surface (substrate1030) having first channel units10A1to10A14disposed thereon.

Pressure-reducing port1021is an opening that can be connected to a pump for reducing the atmospheric pressure inside second housing portion526. Pressure-reducing port1021may have any shape or size, and may be appropriately designed as necessary.

Pressure-reducing channel1022is disposed between second housing portion526and pressure-reducing port1021. Pressure-reducing channel1022is connected to second housing portion526at one end, and to pressure-reducing port1021at the other end.

Pressure-reducing channel1022allows second housing portion526to communicate with the outside. The cross-sectional area and the cross-sectional shape of pressure-reducing channel1022are not limited, as long as the pressure inside second housing portion526can be suitably reduced by using a pump or the like.

In the present embodiment, pressure-reducing channel1022is composed of a groove formed in substrate1020and cover1070blocking the opening of the groove. In the present embodiment, cover1070has a through hole formed therein at a position corresponding to one end portion of the groove, and thus cover1070does not cover the end portion of the groove. This forms pressure-reducing port1021.

Pressure-increasing unit10E includes pressure-increasing port1023and pressure-increasing channel1024. Pressure-increasing unit10E is disposed in channel chip1010and on the surface opposite to the surface (substrate1030) having first channel units10A1to10A14disposed thereon.

Pressure-increasing port1023is an opening that can be connected to a pump for increasing the atmospheric pressure inside second housing portion526.

Pressure-increasing port1023may have any shape or size, and may be appropriately designed as necessary.

Pressure-increasing channel1024is disposed between second housing portion526and pressure-increasing port1023. Pressure-increasing channel1024is connected to second housing portion526at one end, and to pressure-increasing port1023at the other end. Pressure-increasing channel1024allows second housing portion526to communicate with the outside. The cross-sectional area and the cross-sectional shape of pressure-increasing channel1024are not limited, as long as the pressure inside second housing portion526can be suitably increased by using a pump or the like.

In the present embodiment, pressure-increasing channel1024may be composed of a groove formed in substrate1020and cover1070blocking the opening of the groove. In the present embodiment, cover1070has a through hole formed therein at a position corresponding to one end portion of the groove, and thus cover1070does not cover the end portion of the groove. This forms pressure-increasing port1023.

Hereinafter, described is an example of a method for handling a fluid by using fluid handling device1000according to Embodiment 10 (fluid handling method according to Embodiment 10). In the following, a method is described in which liquids in respective first housing portions221of first channel units10A1and10A2are each moved to second housing portion526, and mixed, and then the obtained mixture is moved to first housing portion221of first channel unit10A14.

Desired liquids are previously stored in first housing portions221of first channel units10A1and10A2, respectively. Rotary member260is then rotated for switching the microvalve in first channel unit10A1to the first state (valve opened state). In this instance, the microvalves in respective first channel units10A2to10A14are all in the second state (valve closed state). During this state, the inside of second housing portion526is set to a negative pressure by using a suction pump via pressure-reducing port1021and pressure-reducing channel1022. This enables the liquid stored in first housing portion221of first channel unit10A1to move to second housing portion526.

The amount of the liquid to be moved to second housing portion526may be adjusted as appropriate in accordance with the atmospheric pressure to be reduced inside second housing portion526. For preventing the suction pump from sucking the liquid, the amount of the liquid to be introduced into second housing portion526can be adjusted in such a way that the liquid does not reach the opening of pressure-reducing channel1022that is opened to second housing portion526.

Rotary member260is then further rotated for switching the microvalve in first channel unit10A2to the first state (valve opened state). In this instance, the microvalves in respective first channel units10A1and10A3to10A14are all in the second state (valve closed state). During this state, the inside of second housing portion526is set to a negative pressure in the same manner as in the above procedure, thereby moving the liquid stored in first housing portion221of first channel unit10A2to second housing portion526. This can mix the liquid from first channel unit10A1with and the liquid from first channel unit10A2in second housing portion526.

Rotary member260is then further rotated for switching the microvalve in first channel unit10A14to the first state (valve opened state). In this instance, the microvalves in respective first channel units10A1to10A13are all in the second state (valve closed state). During this state, the inside of second housing portion526is set to a positive pressure by using a pressure pump via pressure-increasing port1023and pressure-increasing channel1024. This enables the liquid stored in second housing portion526to move to first housing portion221of first channel unit10A14.

As described above, Embodiment 10 enables suitable movement of fluids by adjusting the atmospheric pressure inside second housing portion526, as well as by switching between the first state and the second state.

The fluid handling method according to Embodiment 10 is not limited to the above described mode. For example, three or more liquids may be mixed. PCR reaction may be performed by setting the insides of first housing portions to different temperatures, and then moving fluids between the first housing portions that have different temperatures. Fluid handling device1000according to Embodiment 10 may be, for example, suitably used for extraction and purification of DNA, and the like.

Channel chip1010, fluid handling device1010and the fluid handling method according to Embodiment 10 have the effects the same as in Embodiment 1. In addition, fluids can be suitably moved in accordance with the atmospheric pressure inside second housing portion526in Embodiment 10.

FIGS. 27A to 27Cillustrate a configuration of channel chip1110according to Embodiment 11.FIG. 27Ais a bottom view of channel chip1110,FIG. 27Bis a cross-sectional view taken along line B-B inFIG. 27A, andFIG. 27Cis a cross-sectional view taken along line C-C inFIG. 27A.

A fluid handling device according to Embodiment 11 includes channel chip1110and a rotary member (not illustrated). Some of the components of the fluid handling device according to Embodiment 11 are the same as those of fluid handling device200according to Embodiment 2. Therefore, the same reference numerals are given to the components the same as those of fluid handling device200according to Embodiment 2, and the descriptions thereof will be omitted.

Channel chip1110includes substrate1120and film1130. Substrate1120has a groove and/or through hole formed therein as appropriate within a range that can obtain the effect of the present embodiment. The thickness and example materials of substrate1120are the same as those of substrate120according to Embodiment 1.

Diaphragm1132for pumping, which is a portion of film1130, protrudes away from substrate1120, and is not joined to substrate1120. Diaphragm1132for pumping is bendable toward substrate1120when pressed by a protrusion for pumping (described below) formed on a rotary member according to Embodiment 11.

Diaphragm1132for pumping functions, along with the protrusion for pumping, as a pump for moving a fluid in a channel of the fluid handling device according to Embodiment 11. Specifically, while the protrusion for pumping presses film1130, the protrusion for pumping is moved along the extending direction of diaphragm1132for pumping so that a part of diaphragm1132for pumping adheres to the surface of substrate1120. This movement changes the atmospheric pressure inside the channel, thereby moving the fluid.

The cross-sectional shape and the shape in plan view of diaphragm1132for pumping are not limited as long as the above function can be achieved. For example, the cross-sectional shape (i.e., a shape on the cross section orthogonal to the flow direction of a fluid) of diaphragm1132for pumping is semicircular. Diaphragm1132for pumping is, for example, in the shape of an arc in plan view when channel chip1110is viewed from the bottom.

The distance (maximum distance) between diaphragm1132for pumping and substrate1120may be adjusted as appropriate, for example, from the view point of the flow rate of a desired fluid, and how well diaphragm1132for pumping can adhere to substrate1110. A longer distance enables a more amount of a fluid moving through the gap between diaphragm1132for pumping and substrate1120, and a shorter distance enables easier adhesion of diaphragm1132for pumping to substrate1120.

Channel chip1110includes channels for running a fluid therethrough, such as a reagent, liquid sample, gas or powder. More specifically, channel chip1110includes three first channel units2A1to2A3and one fifth channel unit11F.

Fifth channel unit11F includes third channel1125, fifth channel1128, sixth channel1129, and second housing portion1126. Channel chip1110is the same as channel chip210according to Embodiment 2 except that channel chip1110further includes fifth channel unit11F.

Third channel1125allows a fluid to move therein. The upstream end of third channel1125is connected to the downstream ends of second channels224in respective three first channel units2A1to2A3. The downstream end of third channel1125is connected to the upstream end of fifth channel1128. The cross-sectional area and cross-sectional shape of third channel1125are the same as those of first channel122aaccording to Embodiment 1, respectively. In the present embodiment, third channel1125includes a widened part having a larger cross-sectional area than other parts of third channel1125. The cross-sectional area of the widened part is not limited, and may be adjusted in accordance with the use.

Fifth channel1128allows a fluid to move therein. The upstream end of fifth channel1128is connected to the downstream end of third channel1125. The downstream end of fifth channel1128is connected to the upstream end of sixth channel1129. Fifth channel1128is a space formed between substrate1120and diaphragm1132for pumping. The cross-sectional area and cross-sectional shape of fifth channel1128may be determined in accordance with the shape and size of diaphragm1132for pumping.

Sixth channel1129allows a fluid to move therein. The upstream end of sixth channel1129is connected to the downstream end of fifth channel1128. The downstream end of sixth channel1129is connected to second housing portion1126. In the present embodiment, sixth channel1129may be composed of a groove formed in substrate1120and film1130blocking the opening of the groove. The cross-sectional area and cross-sectional shape of sixth channel1129are the same as those of first channel122aaccording to Embodiment 1, respectively.

Second housing portion1126is, except for the position thereof in the fluid handling device according to Embodiment 11, the same as second housing portion526in Embodiment 5.

The rotary member according to Embodiment 11 includes protrusion261and the protrusion for pumping. The rotary member may have any configuration within a range that can obtain the effect of the present embodiment, and may be appropriately designed as necessary. For example, the rotary member according to Embodiment 11 may be composed of a first member including protrusion261, and a second member including the protrusion for pumping, or composed of one member including protrusion261and the protrusion for pumping. When the rotary member is composed of two members (the first and second members), the two members may rotate in coordination, or may independently rotate.

The protrusion for pumping is disposed on the underside (bottom surface) of the rotary member according to Embodiment 11. The shape, size and position of the protrusion for pumping are not limited, as long as the protrusion for pumping can contact film1130so that a part of diaphragm1132for pumping adheres to substrate1120. Examples of the shapes of the protrusion for pumping include shapes of cylinders and polygonal prisms. For suitably adhering diaphragm1132for pumping to substrate1120, the width of a surface where the protrusion for pumping contacts film1130is preferably longer than the width of diaphragm1132for pumping in the width direction of diaphragm1132for pumping (direction perpendicular to the fluid flow direction).

The rotary member may have a handle for gripping the rotary member as necessary. The rotary member may be held by a positioning section for positioning the rotary member so that the rotary member can rotate.

A fluid handling method according to Embodiment 11 is the same as the fluid handling method according to Embodiment 2 except that a fluid is moved by using diaphragm1132for pumping. For example, when one of the microvalves of respective first channel units2A1to2A3is in the first state, the method of Embodiment 11 moves the protrusion for pumping along the extending direction of diaphragm1132for pumping while the protrusion for pumping contacts film1130so that a part of diaphragm1132for pumping adheres to substrate1110. This enables suitable movement of a fluid between first housing portion221and second housing portion1126. The fluid may move from first housing portion221to second housing portion1126, and vice versa. Where the fluid moves to is determined in accordance with the moving direction of the protrusion for pumping.

Channel chip1110, the fluid handling device and the fluid handling method according to Embodiment 11 have the effects the same as in Embodiment 2. In addition, there is no need to independently prepare a pump for sending liquid in Embodiment 11.

The channel chip according to the present invention is not limited to the above described mode. The channel chip may be, for example, hydrophilized as necessary. For example, the inner surfaces of the first housing portion and the first channel may be hydrophilized. Such treatment enables the movement of a liquid stored in the first housing portion by capillarity, thereby filling the first channel with the liquid. As a result, entering of air bubbles into the channel can be prevented in the subsequent steps. Any method may be selected from methods known in the art as appropriate for hydrophilizing.

This application claims priority based on Japanese Patent Application No. 2016-155851, filed on Aug. 8, 2016, and Japanese Patent Application No. 2017-056601, filed on Mar. 22, 2017, the entire contents of which including the specifications and the drawings are incorporated herein by reference.

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY

The fluid handling device of the present invention is particularly advantageous, for example, as a microchannel chip used in a medical field.

REFERENCE SIGNS LIST