INFORMATION PROCESSING APPARATUS, LIVING BODY DETECTION SYSTEM, LIVING BODY DETECTION METHOD, AND RECORDING MEDIA

The apparatus according to this disclosure includes object temperature change measuring means for measuring a temperature change of a surface temperature of an object, and living body determination means for determining whether or not the object is a living body based on the temperature change.

TECHNICAL FIELD

The present disclosure relates to an information processing apparatus, a living body detection system, a living body detection method, and a recording media.

BACKGROUND ART

For example, Patent Literature 1 discloses a living body determination apparatus configured to determine whether an object is a living body, based on the feature values obtained from a first image taken by irradiating the object with light in a first wavelength range and the feature values obtained from a second image taken by irradiating the object with light in a second wavelength range.

CITATION LIST

Patent Literature

SUMMARY OF INVENTION

Technical Problem

This disclosure is intended to improve upon the techniques disclosed in the prior art documents described above.

Solution to Problem

An information processing apparatus according to a first aspect of this disclosure includes: object temperature change measuring means for measuring a temperature change of a surface temperature of an object, andliving body determination means for determining whether or not the object is a living body based on the temperature change.

A living body detection system according to a second aspect of this disclosure includes: object temperature change measuring means for measuring a temperature change of a surface temperature of an object, andliving body determination means for determining whether or not the object is a living body based on the temperature change.

A living body detection method according to a third aspect of this disclosure includes: object temperature change measuring step measuring a temperature change of a surface temperature of an object, andliving body determination step determining whether or not the object is a living body based on the temperature change.

A recording media according to a fourth aspect of this disclosure is a non-transitory computer readable medium storing a program for causing an electronic device to execute the following steps of: object temperature change measuring step measuring a temperature change of a surface temperature of an object, and living body determination step determining whether or not the object is a living body based on the temperature change.

EXAMPLE EMBODIMENT

First Embodiment

First, a configuration example of a living body detection apparatus10according to a first embodiment will be described with reference toFIG.1. The living body detection apparatus10is an example of an information processing apparatus of the present invention.

FIG.1is a schematic diagram of the living body detection apparatus10.

As shown inFIG.1, the living body detection apparatus10comprises object temperature change measuring means12hfor measuring a temperature change of a surface temperature of an object, and living body determination means12kfor determining whether or not the object is a living body, based on the temperature change measured by the object temperature change measuring means12h.

Next, an example of an operation of the living body detection apparatus10with the above configuration will be described.

FIG.2is a flowchart of one example of an operation of the living body detection apparatus10.

First, the object temperature change measuring means12hmeasures a temperature change of a surface temperature of an object (step S1). Next, the living body determination means12kdetermines whether or not the object is a living body based on the temperature change measured by the object temperature change measuring means12h(step S2).

As described above, according to the first embodiment, a disguisement using an elaborate 3D mask or a disguisement (for example, impersonation during face authentication) using a life-size mask using a photograph with the eyes and mouth cut out can be detected.

This is because whether or not an object is a living body is determined based on the temperature change of the surface (for example, the face) temperature of the object, not the surface (for example, the face) temperature of the object.

Second Embodiment

Hereafter, a living body detection system1and the living body detection apparatus10are described in detail as a second embodiment of this disclosure.

FIG.3is a block diagram showing the configuration of the living body detection system1according to the second embodiment.

The living body detection system1is a system configured to determine (detect) whether or not an object is a living body.

The living body detection system1comprises a living body detection apparatus10, a visible light camera20, a thermal camera30, wind blowing means40, notification means50, an authentication apparatus60, and an entrance/exit management system70. They can communicate with each other via communication lines (for example, the Internet). Note that the authentication apparatus60may be provided in the living body detection apparatus10.

First, a configuration example of the living body detection apparatus10will be described.

FIG.4is a schematic diagram of the living body detection apparatus10. The living body detection apparatus10can be realized by an information processing apparatus such as a personal computer, for example.

As shown inFIG.4, the living body detection apparatus10includes a storage unit11, a control unit12, a memory13, and a communication unit14.

The storage unit11is, for example, a non-volatile storage unit such as a hard disk drive or a ROM. The storage unit11includes a program storage unit11aand a temperature information storage unit11b.

A program to be executed by the control unit12(a processor) is stored in the program storage unit11a. In the temperature information storage unit11b, temperature information for each object part is stored by temperature recording means12e.

The control unit12has a processor (not shown). The processor is, for example, a CPU (Central Processing Unit), but is not limited to this and may be a GPU (Graphics Processing Unit), FPGA (Field-Programmable Gate Array), DSP (Digital Signal Processor), or ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit). The processor can be a single processor or multiple processors. By executing the program read from the program storage unit11ainto the memory13(for example, RAM), the processor functions as visible image acquisition means12a,object detection means12b,part detection means12c,thermal image acquisition means12d,temperature recording means12e,temperature control means12f, temperature setting means12g,object temperature change measuring means12h, comparison means12i,temperature return determination means12j,living body determination means12k,notification control means12m,and authentication control means12n.A part or all of these may be realized by hardware.

The visible image acquisition means12aacquires from the visible light camera20a visible image including an object taken by the visible light camera20. The object is, for example, a person (a living body) attempting to perform face authentication, a person (non-living body) in a photograph (or video) displayed on a display such as a tablet, a person (non-living body) in a paper photograph, or a person (non-living body) wearing a 3D mask.

The object detection means12bdetects the object (a face area) in the visible image acquired by the visible image acquisition means12a.

The part detection means12cdetects at least one part (ears, nose, forehead, cheeks, for example) in the object (in the face area) detected by the object detection means12b.For example, the part detection means12cdetects a first part that is relatively likely to change temperature (ears, nose, for example) and a second part that is relatively unlikely to change temperature (for example, forehead, cheeks). The first part that is relatively likely to change temperature is the part of the body that is more temperature-changeable than the second part, e.g., ears, nose. The second part that is relatively unlikely to change temperature is the part of the body that is more temperature-non-changeable than the first part, e.g., forehead and cheeks. Note that the number of the first part and the second part detected by the part detection means12cmay be one, or may be plural respectively.

The thermal image acquisition means12dacquires from the thermal camera30a thermal image (for example, see signs11-13inFIG.5) including the object taken by the thermal camera30.

The temperature recording means12estores temperature information of a surface temperature of each part (in the thermal image acquired by the thermal image acquisition means12d) detected by the part detection means12cin the temperature information storage unit11b.

For example, it is assumed that the object detection means12bdetects the ears as the first part that is relatively likely to change temperature and forehead as the second part that is relatively unlikely to change temperature. Then, as shown inFIG.5, it is assumed that the surface temperature of the ears changes in the order of t1a,t1b,and t1a,and the surface temperature of the forehead changes in the order of t2a,t2b,and t2a.In this case, the temperature recording means12estores the surface temperatures t1a,t1band t1aof the ears and the surface temperatures t2a,t2band t2aof the forehead in the temperature information storage unit11bas temperature information of the surface temperature of each part.FIG.5shows an example of thermal images11-13. Note that inFIG.5, the temperature is lower in the darker areas (the ears, for example) than in the lighter areas (for example, the forehead).

The temperature control means12fcontrols the wind blowing means40. For example, the temperature control means12fcontrols the wind blowing means40so as to blow a wind (for example, a cool wind) of a predetermined temperature (the temperature set by the temperature setting means12g) to the object's face at a predetermined timing for a predetermined time.

The temperature setting means12gsets a temperature (a predetermined temperature) of a wind blown by the wind blowing means40. For example, the temperature setting means12gsets the temperature inputted by an operator as the predetermined temperature. In addition, the temperature setting means12gmay calculate a predetermined temperature at which a temperature change of a surface temperature of the object occurs based on the ambient temperature of a space in which the object exists or the surface temperature of the object, etc., and set the calculated temperature as the predetermined temperature. The ambient temperature of the space in which the object exists is, for example, the ambient temperature of the space near the object to be taken by the thermal camera30. The ambient temperature of the space in which the object exists can be detected, for example, by a temperature sensor (not shown) provided near a flapper gate (for example, near the thermal camera30).

The object temperature change measuring means12hmeasures a temperature change of a surface temperature of the object. For example, the object temperature change measuring means12hmeasures the temperature change of the object detected by the object detection means12bbased on a thermal image.

Specifically, the object temperature change measuring means12hmeasures a temperature change of an object (for example, the first part and the second part detected by the part detection means12c) detected by the object detection means12b,based on the temperature information of the surface temperature for each part stored in the temperature information storage unit11b.

For example, it is assumed that the surface temperatures t1aand t1bof the ears and the surface temperatures t2aand t2bof the forehead are stored in the temperature information storage unit11bas temperature information of the surface temperature of each part. In this case, the object temperature change measuring means12hmeasures (calculates) the temperature change t1a-t1bof the surface temperature of the ears (the first part) and the temperature change t2a-t2bof the surface temperature of the forehead (the second part) as a temperature change of the surface temperature of the object.

The comparison means12icompares the temperature change of the first part measured by the object temperature change measuring means12hwith the temperature change of the second part measured by the object temperature change measuring means12h.

For example, when the object temperature change measuring means12hmeasures (calculates) the temperature change t1a-t1bof the surface temperature of the ears (the first part) and the temperature change t2a-t2bof the surface temperature of the forehead (the second part) as the temperature change of the surface temperature of the object, the comparison means12icompares the temperature change t1a-t1bof the surface temperature of the ears (the first part) with the temperature change t2a-t2bof the surface temperature of the forehead (the second part).

The temperature return determination means12jdetermines whether or not the object surface temperature has returned to an original surface temperature before the change. Note that the temperature return determination means12jmay determine whether or not the object surface temperature has returned to a temperature close to the original surface temperature before the change.

The living body determination means12kdetermines whether or not the object is a living body based on the temperature change of the surface temperature of the object (for example, the first part and the second part detected by the part detection means12c) measured by the object temperature change measuring means12h.

Specifically, the living body determination means12kdetermines whether or not the object is a living body based on the comparison result of the comparison means12i.

For example, when the comparison result of the comparison means12ishows the temperature change (for example, t1a-t1b) of the surface temperature of the first part (ears, for example)>the temperature change (t2a-t2b) of the surface temperature of the second part (for example, forehead), the living body determination means12kdetermines that the object is a living body. The reasons for this are as follows.

In other words, living bodies have peculiar temperature-changing characteristics. For example, specific parts (for example, ears and nose) of a face of a person (a living body) have narrow blood vessels and are easily affected by changes in an outside temperature. Conversely, parts other (for example, forehead, cheeks) than specific parts of the face of the person (a living body) are less affected by changes in an outside temperature.

Therefore, for example, when a wind (for example, a cold wind) of a predetermined temperature is blown on a person's face for a certain period of time, or when a person moves to a space with a different ambient temperature (for example, when a person moves from outside a building into the building cooled by an air conditioner), the specific part (e.g., ears and nose) has a relatively large change in temperature, and parts other (for example, forehead, cheeks) than the specific part has a relatively small change in temperature.

Therefore, when the object is a living body, the relationship is as follows: the temperature change (for example, t1a-t1b) of the surface temperature of the first part (ears, for example)>the temperature change (t2a-t2b) of the surface temperature of the second part (for example, forehead).

Therefore, when the comparison result of the comparison means12ishows the temperature change (for example, t1a-t1b) of the surface temperature of the first part (ears, for example)>the temperature change (t2a-t2b) of the surface temperature of the second part (for example, the forehead), the living body determination means12kdetermines that the object is a living body. Furthermore, when a difference between the two is larger than a threshold, the living body determination means12kmay determine that the object is a living body.

In some cases, the living body determination means12kdetermines whether or not the object is a living body based on the determination result of the temperature return determination means12j.

In other words, when the object is a living body, the object has a constant temperature, so it returns to an original temperature before the temperature change after a certain time, as shown inFIG.5. Thus, for example, when a surface temperature of an object changed by blowing a predetermined temperature of a wind (for example, a cold wind) by the wind blowing means40returns to an original surface temperature before the change after a predetermined period, the living body determination means12kdetermines that the object is a living body.

In addition, when it can be predicted that a surface temperature of an object (a part) will return to an original surface temperature before the change before the surface temperature of the object (the part) returns to the original surface temperature before the change (for example, when this prediction can be made based on a differential value of the temperature change on the way that the surface temperature of the object returns to the original surface temperature before the change), the living body determination means12kdetermines that the object is a living body. In addition, the living body determination means12kmay determine whether or not the object is a living body based on both a comparison result of the comparison means12iand a determination result of the temperature return determination means12j.

The notification control means12mcauses the notification means50to notify that a wind will blow from now on before the wind blowing means40blows the wind to the object.

The authentication control means12ncauses the authentication apparatus60performing a face authentication to perform the face authentication of the object.

The visible light camera20is installed near a flapper gate (not shown), for example, and takes a visible image including an object that is about to pass through the flapper gate. The visible light camera20continuously takes images at regular intervals.

The thermal camera30is installed, for example, near the flapper gate (for example, adjacent to the visible light camera20) and takes a thermal image including an object that is about to pass through the flapper gate. The thermal camera30continuously takes images at regular intervals in order to measure a temperature change of the object.

The wind blowing means40is installed, for example, near the flapper gate (for example, between the visible light camera20and the thermal camera30). The wind blowing means40is an example of surface temperature change means in this disclosure. The wind blowing means40is, for example, a warm/cold air blower such as a blower. The wind blowing means40is installed so as to blow a wind from the front direction of an object, for example, in order to blow the wind uniformly. The wind blowing means40blows a wind of a predetermined temperature to an object (a face) at a predetermined timing for a predetermined time according to a control from the living body detection apparatus10(the temperature control means12f). The wind blowing means40is not limited to one but may be plural. An example using multiple wind blowing means40will be described later as a variation. Note that the wind blowing means40may always continue blowing a wind.

The notification means50is installed near the flapper gate, for example. The notification means50is, for example, a display device51such as a display or an audio output device52such as a speaker. The notification means50displays on the display device51that a wind will blow from now on, as shown inFIG.6, before the wind blowing means40blows the wind to an object according to a control from the living body detection apparatus10(the notification control means12m). At that time, it may display where the wind blows from and how long the wind blows. In addition, audio to that effect is output from the audio output device52.FIG.6shows an example of the contents notified by the notification means50.

In response to a face authentication request received from the living body detection apparatus10, the authentication apparatus60collates with face feature information of a recognition object about a face image or face feature information included in the request, and returns the collation result to the living body detection apparatus10of the request source.

The entrance/exit management system70includes a flapper gate or the like. When the entrance/exit management system70receives the collation result from the living body detection apparatus10, it controls the flapper gate according to the collation result.

The communication unit14is a communication apparatus that communicates with the visible light camera20, the thermal camera30, the wind blowing means40, the notification means50, the authentication apparatus60and the entrance/exit management system70via a communication line (for example, the Internet).

Next, an example of the operation of the living body detection apparatus10will be described.

FIG.7is a flowchart of one example of the operation of the living body detection apparatus10.

The following processing is realized by the control unit12(a processor) executing a program read from the program storage unit11ainto a RAM (not shown).

First, the visible image acquisition means12aacquires a visible image including an object taken by the visible light camera20from the visible light camera20(step S10). Here, it is assumed that a visible image I including the face of the object Ob shown inFIG.8is acquired.FIG.8is an example of a visible image I containing the face of the object Ob.

Next, the object detection means12bdetects the face area A1of the object Ob in the visible image I acquired by the visible image acquisition means12a(step S11).

Next, the part detection means12cdetects each part (a first part that is relatively likely to change temperature, a second part that is relatively unlikely to change temperature) in the face area A1detected by the object detection means12b(step S12). Here, as shown inFIG.8, it is assumed that the ears e1is detected as the first part that is relatively likely to change temperature, and the forehead e2as the second part that is relatively unlikely to change temperature change.

Next, the thermal image acquisition means12dacquires from the thermal camera30a thermal image (see, e.g., symbol I1inFIG.5) including the object taken by the thermal camera30(the same object as the one taken by the visible light camera20) (step S13). Thus, a temperature distribution image of the face surface of the object is acquired.

Next, the temperature recording means12estores temperature information of the surface temperature of each part (in the thermal image I1acquired by the thermal image acquisition means12d) detected by the part detection means12cin the temperature information storage unit11b(step S14).

Here, it is assumed that t1a(seeFIG.5) as the surface temperature of the ears in an initial state and t2a(seeFIG.5) as the surface temperature of the forehead in an initial state are stored in the temperature information storage unit11b,respectively.

Next, the notification control means12mcauses the notification means50to notify that a wind will blow from now on before the wind blowing means40blows the wind to the object (step S15). Specifically, the notification control means12mcontrols the notification means50so as to notify that a wind will blow from now on before the wind blowing means40blows the wind on the object. The notification means50displays on the display device51that a wind will blow from now on, as shown inFIG.6, before the wind blowing means40blows the wind to the object according to a control from the living body detection apparatus10(the notification control means12m). In addition, audio to that effect is output from the audio output device52.

Next, the temperature control means12fcontrols the wind blowing means40(step S16). For example, the temperature control means12fcontrols the wind blowing means40so as to blow a wind (for example, a cool wind) of a predetermined temperature (the temperature set by the temperature setting means12g) to the object's face at a predetermined timing for a predetermined time.

The wind blowing means40blows a wind of a predetermined temperature to the object (the face) at a predetermined timing for a predetermined time according to a control from the living body detection apparatus10(the temperature control means12f). The temperature control means12fcontrols the wind blowing means40to stop blowing after a predetermined time has elapsed.

The wind blowing means40stops blowing according to the control from the living body detection apparatus10(the temperature control means12f).

Next, the thermal image acquisition means12dacquires from the thermal camera30a thermal image (for example, see signs12inFIG.5) including the object taken by the thermal camera30(step S17).

Next, the temperature recording means12estores temperature information of the surface temperature of each part (in the thermal image12acquired by the thermal image acquisition means12d) detected by the part detection means12cin the temperature information storage unit11b(step S18).

Here, it is assumed that t1b(seeFIG.5) as the surface temperature of the ears immediately after blowing the wind (for example, a cold wind) and t2b(seeFIG.5) as the surface temperature of the forehead immediately after blowing the wind (for example, a cold wind) are stored in the temperature information storage unit11b,respectively.

Next, the object temperature change measuring means12hmeasures a temperature change of the object (for example, the first part and the second part detected by the part detection means12c) detected by the object detection means12b,based on the temperature information of the surface temperature for each part stored in the temperature information storage unit11b(step S19).

Here, since the surface temperatures t1aand t1bof the ears and the surface temperatures t2aand t2bof the forehead are stored in the temperature information storage unit11bas the temperature information of the surface temperature of each part, the object temperature change measuring means12hmeasures (calculates) the temperature changes t1a-t1bof the surface temperature of the ears (the first part) and the temperature changes t2a-t2bof the surface temperature of the forehead (the second part) as the temperature changes of the surface temperature of the object.

Next, the living body determination means12kperforms a living body determination processing to determine whether or not the object is a living body (step S20).

Next, a specific example of the living body determination processing will be described.

<Specific Example 1 of the Living Body Determination Processing>

Specific example 1 is a living body determination processing for determining whether or not the object is a living body based on a comparison result of the comparison means12i.

FIG.9is a flowchart of a specific example 1 of the living body determination processing.

As shown inFIG.9, first, the comparison means12icompares the temperature change of the first part measured by the object temperature change measuring means12hwith the temperature change of the second part measured by the object temperature change measuring means12h(step S2001).

Here, since the object temperature change measuring means12hmeasures (calculates) the temperature changes t1a-t1bof the surface temperature of the ears (the first part) and the temperature changes t2a-t2bof the surface temperature of the forehead (the second part) as the temperature changes of the surface temperature of the object, the comparison means12icompares the temperature change (t1a-t1b) of the surface temperature of the ears (the first part) with the temperature change (t2a-t2b) of the surface temperature of the forehead (the second part).

When the comparison result of the comparison means12ishows the temperature change (for example, t1a-t1b) of the surface temperature of the first part (the ears, for example)>the temperature change (t2a-t2b) of the surface temperature of the second part (for example, the forehead) (step S2002: YES), the living body determination means12kdetermines that the living body detection result is normal, that is, the object is a living body (step S2003).

On the other hand, when the comparison result of the comparison means12idoes not show the temperature change (for example, t1a-t1b) of the surface temperature of the first part (the ears, for example)>the temperature change (t2a-t2b) of the surface temperature of the second part (for example, the forehead) (step S2002: NO), the living body determination means12kdetermines that the living body detection result is abnormal, that is, the object is not a living body (step S2004).

<Specific Example 2 of the Living Body Determination Processing>

Specific example 2 is a living body determination processing for determining whether or not the object is a living body based on a determination result of the temperature return determination means12j.

FIG.10is a flowchart of specific example 2 of the living body determination processing.

First, after the wind blowing means40stops blowing a wind, it waits for N seconds as shown inFIG.10(step S2011). N seconds is a number of seconds considered so that a surface temperature of the object is a surface temperature before the change, e.g., 10 seconds.

Next, the temperature return determination means12jdetermines whether or not the object surface temperature has returned to an original surface temperature (an initial state) before the change (step S2012).

As a result, when it is determined that the object surface temperature has returned to the original surface temperature (the initial state) (step S2012: YES), the living body determination means12kdetermines that the living body detection result is normal, that is, the object is a living body (step S2013).

On the other hand, when it is determined that the object surface temperature has not returned to the original surface temperature (the initial state) (step S2012: NO), the living body determination means12kdetermines that the living body detection result is abnormal, that is, the object is not a living body (step S2014).

<Specific Example 3 of the Living Body Determination Processing>

Specific example 3 is a living body determination processing combining specific example 1 and specific example 2. According to specific example 3, the accuracy of the living body determination can be improved over specific example 1 and specific example 2.

FIG.11is a flowchart of specific example 3 of the living body determination processing.

Since each step inFIG.11is similar to those inFIG.9andFIG.10, its explanation is omitted.

<Specific Example 4 of the Living Body Determination Processing>

When the object is a living body, a surface temperature of the object is considered to change in a pattern unique to the living body, as shown inFIG.12, for example.FIG.12shows an example of a temperature change pattern unique to a living body.

Therefore, in specific example 4, it is determined whether or not the object is a living body by comparing a change pattern of a surface temperature of the object with a change pattern of a surface temperature of a reference person.

FIG.13is a flowchart of specific example 4 of living body determination processing.

As shown inFIG.13, first, the comparison means12icompares a change pattern of a surface temperature of the object with a change pattern of a surface temperature of a reference person (step S2021). As the change pattern of the surface temperature of the object, for example, one stored in the temperature information storage unit11bis used. As the change pattern of the surface temperature of the reference person, for example, one stored in the storage unit11is used.

As a result of the comparison in step S2021, when the change pattern of the surface temperature of the object and the change pattern of the surface temperature of the reference person coincide (or roughly coincide) (step S2022: YES), the living body determination means12kdetermines that the living body detection result is normal, that is, the object is a living body (step S2023).

On the other hand, as a result of the comparison in step S2021, when the change pattern of the surface temperature of the object and the change pattern of the surface temperature of the reference person does not coincide (or roughly coincide) (step S2022: NO), the living body determination means12kdetermines that the living body detection result is abnormal, that is, the object is not a living body (step S2024).

Note that specific examples 1-4 of the above the living body determination processing may be used in combination as appropriate.

Next, return toFIG.7and continue the explanation.

When the determination result of the living body determination processing (step S20) is living body detection results normal (step S21: YES), a face authentication of the object is performed (step S22). For example, the authentication control means12ncauses the authentication apparatus60to perform the face authentication of the object by sending a face authentication request containing a face image (a visible image) of the object to the authentication apparatus60. Note that the authentication result (the collation result) is notified to the entrance/exit management system70.

On the other hand, when the determination result of the living body determination processing (step S20) is living body detection results abnormal (step S21: NO), the processing is terminated without performing the face authentication of the object (step S21: NO).

The living body determination means12kmay determine whether or not the object is a living body by considering further additional conditions in addition to the specific example 1-4 of the above the living body determination processing.

Next, specific examples of additional conditions considered by the living body determination means12kwill be described.

<Specific Example 1 of the Additional Condition>

The living body determination means12kmay determine whether or not the object is a living body considering a result of comparison between a change pattern of a surface temperature of the object and a change pattern of a surface temperature of a reference non-person. The reference non-person means, for example, anything other than a person (a living body), such as a tablet on which a photograph (or video) is displayed, or a paper photograph of a person. The change pattern of the surface temperature of the reference non-person is, for example, a change pattern of a surface temperature of a tablet on which a photograph (or video) is displayed, a change pattern of a paper photograph of a person (non-living body). The change pattern of the surface temperature of the reference non-person shows a temperature change when a wind is blown on the tablet or the photograph.

<Specific Example 2 of the Additional Condition>

The living body determination means12kmay determine whether or not the object is a living body considering a reaction of the object (for example, close eyes, open mouth) when the wind blowing means40blows a wind to the object.

An example of this reaction determination processing is described below.

The following processing is performed by the control unit12(a processor) executing a program read from the program storage unit11ainto a RAM (not shown).

FIG.23is a flowchart of an example of the reaction determination processing.

The reaction determination processing shown inFIG.23is executed in parallel with, for example, the processing shown inFIG.7.

First, the visible image acquisition means12aacquires a visible image including the object before the wind blowing means40blows a wind to the object (step S30).

Next, the visible image acquisition means12aacquires a visible image including the object after the wind blowing means40blows the wind to the object (step S31).

Next, a movement (a reaction) of the object is measured by analyzing the visible image before blowing the wind acquired in step S30and the visible image after blowing the wind acquired in step S31(step S32).

Next, it is determined whether or not the movement of the object measured in step S32is appropriate (step S33). For example, it is determined whether or not an appropriate reaction has been performed according to the position to which the wind is blown by the wind blowing means40.

As a result, when it is determined that the appropriate reaction has been performed (step S33: YES), for example, when the right side of the object's face is blown with the wind and the object closes the right eye, it is determined that the living body detection result is normal, that is, the object is a living body (step S34).

On the other hand, when it is determined that the appropriate reaction has not been performed (step S33: NO), for example, when the right side of the object's face is blown with the wind and the object closes the left eye, it is determined that the living body detection result is abnormal, that is, the object is not a living body (step S35).

<Specific Example 3 of the Additional Condition>

The living body determination means12kmay determine whether or not the object is a living body considering a surface condition (for example, a color of a surface, a pores tightness) of the object before and after changing a surface temperature. Note that the surface condition of the object can be determined from the difference between the visible image taken before the wind blowing means40blows a wind to the object and the visible image taken after the wind blowing means40blows the wind to the object.

<Specific Example 4 of the Additional Condition>

When the object is a tablet on which a photograph (or video) of a person is displayed or a paper photograph of a person, the living body determination means12kmay determine whether or not the object is a living body considering a temperature change in a background of the object, because the temperature change pattern in the background of the object is different from that in the case of a person (a living body).

In the living body detection apparatus described in the above patent literature 1, for example, when an elaborate 3D mask or a life-size mask using a photograph with the eyes and mouth cut out is worn, a disguisement (for example, impersonation during face authentication) is difficult to detect, because the 3D mask and the mask are three-dimensional, with eyes and mouths cut out to expose the living body of a wearer.

On the other hand, according to the second embodiment, a disguisement using an elaborate 3D mask or a disguisement (for example, impersonation during face authentication) using a life-size mask using a photograph with the eyes and mouth cut out can be detected.

This is because whether or not the object is a living body is determined based on the temperature change of the surface (for example, the face) temperature of the object, not the surface (for example, the face) temperature of the object.

In addition, according to the second embodiment, a disguisement (for example, impersonation during a face authentication) by a person (other than a living person) in a photograph (or video) displayed on a display of a tablet, etc., or a person (other than a living person) in a paper photograph can also be detected.

This is also because whether or not the object is a living body is determined based on the temperature change of the surface (for example, the face) temperature of the object, not the surface (for example, the face) temperature of the object.

According to the second embodiment, the temperature change of the object (the part) detected from the visible image can be measured based on the thermal image.

In addition, according to the second embodiment, it is possible to determine whether or not the object is a living body based on the temperature change of the part of the object. At that time, the accuracy of the living body detection can be improved by selecting, as the part of the object, for example, a part with living body unique temperature-changing characteristics.

In addition, according to the second embodiment, the accuracy of living body detection can be improved by selecting the first part that is relatively likely to change temperature and the second part that is relatively unlikely to change temperature as the part of the object and comparing the temperature change of the first part with the temperature change of the second part.

In addition, according to the second embodiment, the accuracy of the living body detection can be improved by determining whether or not the surface temperature of the object (the part) has returned to the original surface temperature before the change.

In addition, according to the second embodiment, the accuracy of the living body detection can be improved by comparing the change pattern of the surface temperature of the object (at least one part) with the change pattern of the surface temperature of the reference person.

In addition, according to the second embodiment, the surface temperature of the object (the part) can be quickly changed by using the surface temperature change means (wind blowing means) that changes the surface temperature of the object (the part). As a result, the time required for living body detection can be reduced.

In addition, according to the second embodiment, since the temperature setting means for setting the predetermined temperature is provided, the wind of the predetermined temperature thus setting can be blown to the object.

In addition, according to the second embodiment, since the notification means notifies that a wind will blow from now on before blowing the wind to the object (for example, the face), it is possible to suppress giving discomfort to the object.

In addition, according to the second embodiment, the accuracy of the living body detection can be improved by determining whether or not the object is a living body considering the result of comparison between the change pattern of the surface temperature of the object (the part) and the change pattern of the surface temperature of the reference non-person.

In addition, according to the second embodiment, the accuracy of the living body detection can be improved by determining whether or not the object is a living body considering the reaction of the object when the wind blows to the object.

In addition, according to the second embodiment, the accuracy of the living body detection can be improved by determining whether or not the object is a living body considering the surface condition of the object before and after changing the surface temperature.

In addition, according to the second embodiment, the accuracy of the living body detection can be improved by determining whether or not the object is a living body considering the temperature change in the background of the object.

In addition, according to the second embodiment, since the authentication apparatus60performs the face authentication of the object after the living body determination means determines that the object is a living body, it is possible to suppress the execution of the face authentication by the elaborate 3D mask, the face authentication by the life-size mask using a photograph with the eyes and mouth cut out, the face authentication by a person (non-living body) in a photograph (or video) displayed on a display such as a tablet, the face authentication by a person (non-living body) in a paper photograph.

First, a variation of the wind blowing means40will be described.

FIG.22is a schematic configuration diagram of a variation of the wind blowing means40.

In the above second embodiment, an example using one wind blowing means40was described in step S15(seeFIG.7), but it is not limited to this, as shown inFIG.22, multiple wind blowing means40A and40B may be used.

At that time, regarding the arrangement of one wind blowing means40A and the other wind blowing means40B, for example, as shown inFIG.22, one wind blowing means40A may be arranged to blow a wind to the left half of the face of the object Ob (the left half inFIG.22) and the other wind blowing means40B may be arranged to blow a wind to the right half of the face of the object Ob (the right half inFIG.22). Although not shown, one wind blowing means40A may be arranged to blow a wind to the upper half of the face of the object Ob, and the other wind blowing means40B may be arranged to blow a wind to the lower half of the face of the object Ob, or may be arranged in various other forms.

The temperature of the wind blown by one wind blowing means40A and the temperature of the wind blown by the other wind blowing means40B may be the same or different from each other. For example, in step S15(seeFIG.7), one wind blowing means40A may blow a warm wind and the other wind blowing means40B may blow a cold wind. The strength of the wind blown by one wind blowing means40A and the strength of the wind blown by the other wind blowing means40B may be the same or different from each other.

The timing of blowing by one wind blowing means40A and the timing of blowing by the other wind blowing means40B may be the same or different from each other. In addition, one wind blowing means40A and the other wind blowing means40B may continue blowing wind all the time, respectively. In addition, one wind blowing means40A and the other wind blowing means40B may blow a wind continuously or intermittently, respectively.

The wind blowing means40are not limited to the wind blowing means40A and40B, but may be 3 or more.

Next, a living body detection system1A are described in detail as a third embodiment of this disclosure.

FIG.14is a block diagram showing the configuration of the living body detection system1A according to the third embodiment.

Hereafter, the differences from the second embodiment will be mainly explained, and the same components will be denoted by the same symbols, and the explanation will be omitted as appropriate.

As shown inFIG.14, the living body detection system1A according to the third embodiment is comprises a circle gate having a space isolated from the outside. The space isolated from the outside may be provided other than the circle gate.

FIG.15shows an example of a circle gate80.

As shown inFIG.15, the circle gate80has a door81that can be opened and closed by an object Ob and a space82that can accommodate the object Ob. The visible light camera20, the thermal camera30, and the notification means50are installed in the space82of the circle gate80. A room temperature adjusting apparatus41(an air conditioner, etc.) is installed in the space82of the circle gate80. The room temperature adjusting apparatus41is another example of surface temperature change means in this disclosure. As shown inFIG.16, the temperature control means12fand the temperature setting means12gare omitted.FIG.16is a block diagram showing the configuration of the living body detection apparatus10according to the third embodiment.

Next, an example of the operation of the living body detection apparatus10according to the third embodiment will be described.

FIG.17is a flowchart of one example of the operation of the living body detection apparatus10according to the third embodiment.FIG.17is similar toFIG.7except that steps S15and S16are omitted.

The processing inFIG.16is performed in a state where the object Ob opens the door81, stands or sits, and is housed in the space82of the circle gate80. At that time, the space82of the circle gate80is setting lower (or higher) than the ambient temperature outside the space82of the circle gate80by the room temperature adjusting apparatus41(an air conditioner, etc.).

The same effect as the second embodiment can be achieved by the third embodiment.

In addition, according to the third embodiment, since the room temperature adjusting apparatus41installed in the space82isolated from the outside is used as the surface temperature change means for changing the surface temperature of the object, the surface temperature of the object (the part) can be changed without using the wind blowing means40.

Next, variations of the second and third embodiment will be described.

In the above second embodiment and the third embodiment, an example using the wind blowing means and the room temperature adjusting apparatus as the surface temperature change means for changing the surface temperature of the object was described, but it is not limited to this.

For example, the surface temperature change means (the wind blowing means and the room temperature adjusting apparatus) for changing the surface temperature of the object may be omitted.

In this case, for example, the notification control means12mcauses the notification means50to notify the object of the content that urges an action to be taken to change the body temperature before the object temperature change measuring means12hmeasures the temperature change of the surface temperature of the object (before step S19inFIG.7,FIG.17). Specifically, the notification control means12mcontrols the notification means50so as to notify the object of the content that urges an action to be taken to change the body temperature before the object temperature change measuring means12hmeasures the temperature change of the surface temperature of the object (before step S19inFIG.7,FIG.17).

According to the control from the living body detection apparatus10(the notification control means12m), the notification means50displays on the display device51the content that urges an action to be taken to change the body temperature, for example, as shown inFIG.18, before the object temperature change measuring means12hmeasures the temperature change of the surface temperature of the object (before step S19inFIG.7,FIG.17). In addition, audio to that effect is output from the audio output device52.FIG.18shows another example of the contents notified by the notification means50.

According to this modified example, the same effect as in the second embodiment can be achieved.

In addition, according to this modified example, by notifying the content that urges an action to be taken to change the body temperature, the surface temperature of the object (the part) can be changed without using the surface temperature changing means such as the wind blowing means or the room temperature adjusting apparatus.

Next, a living body detection system1B is described in detail as a fourth embodiment of this disclosure.

FIG.19is a block diagram showing the configuration of the living body detection system1B according to the fourth embodiment.

Hereafter, the differences from the second embodiment will be mainly explained, and the same components will be denoted by the same symbols, and the explanation will be omitted as appropriate.

As shown inFIG.19, the living body detection system1B according to the fourth embodiment comprise a first visible light camera20A, a second visible light camera20B, a first thermal camera30A, and a second thermal camera30B. In the fourth embodiment, the flapper gate and the entrance/exit management system70are omitted.

The first visible light camera20A and the first thermal camera30A are installed near an entrance of a building, for example. The second visible light camera20B and the second thermal camera30B are installed in the building. The room temperature adjusting apparatus41(an air conditioner, etc.) is installed in the building. The room temperature adjusting apparatus41is an example of the surface temperature change means in this disclosure. As shown inFIG.20, the temperature control means12fand the temperature setting means12gare omitted.FIG.20is a block diagram showing the configuration of the living body detection apparatus10according to the fourth embodiment. A notification means12phas also been added. When the living body determination means12kdetermines that the object is not a living body, the notification means12pnotifies the fact.

Next, an example of the operation of the living body detection apparatus10according to the fourth embodiment will be described.

FIG.21is a flowchart of one example of the operation of the living body detection apparatus10according to the fourth embodiment.

The following processing is realized by the control unit12(a processor) executing a program read from the program storage unit11ainto a RAM (not shown).

First, the visible image acquisition means12aacquires a visible image including an object taken by the first visible light camera20A from the first visible light camera20A installed near the entrance of the building (step S10A). Here, it is assumed that the visible image I including the face of the object Ob shown inFIG.8is acquired.

Next, the object detection means12bdetects the face area A1of the object Ob in the visible image I acquired by the visible image acquisition means12a(step S11).

Next, the part detection means12cdetects each part (a first part that is relatively likely to change temperature, a second part that is relatively unlikely to change temperature) in the face area A1detected by the object detection means12b(step S12). Here, as shown inFIG.8, it is assumed that the ears e1is detected as the first part that is relatively likely to change temperature, and the forehead e2as the second part that is relatively unlikely to change temperature change.

Next, the thermal image acquisition means12dacquires from the first thermal camera30A a thermal image (see, e.g., symbol I1inFIG.5) including the object taken by the first thermal camera30A (the same object as the one taken by the first visible light camera20A) installed near the entrance of the building (step S13A).

Next, the temperature recording means12estores temperature information of the surface temperature of each part (in the thermal image I1acquired by the thermal image acquisition means12d) detected by the part detection means12cin the temperature information storage unit11b(step S14).

Here, it is assumed that t1a(seeFIG.5) as the surface temperature of the ears in the initial state and t2a(seeFIG.5) as the surface temperature of the forehead in the initial state are stored in the temperature information storage unit11b, respectively.

Next, the visible image acquisition means12aacquires a visible image including the object taken by the second visible light camera20B from the second visible light camera20B installed in the building as in step S10A (step S14A).

Next, the object detection means12bdetects the face area of the object Ob in the visible image acquired by the visible image acquisition means12aas in step S11(step S14B).

Next, the part detection means12cdetects the part (the first part that is relatively likely to change temperature, the second part that is relatively unlikely to change temperature) in the face area detected by the object detection means12bas in step S12(step S14C).

Next, the thermal image acquisition means12dacquires from the second thermal camera30B a thermal image (see, e.g., symbol12inFIG.5) including the object taken by the second thermal camera30B installed in the building (step S17A).

Next, the temperature recording means12estores temperature information of the surface temperature of each part (in the thermal image12acquired by the thermal image acquisition means12d) detected by the part detection means12cin the temperature information storage unit11b(step S18).

Here, it is assumed that t1b(seeFIG.5) as the surface temperature of the ears immediately after blowing the wind (for example, a cold wind) and t2b(seeFIG.5) as the surface temperature of the forehead immediately after blowing the wind (for example, a cold wind) are stored in the temperature information storage unit11b,respectively.

Next, the object temperature change measuring means12hmeasures a temperature change of the object (for example, the first part and the second part detected by the part detection means12c) detected by the object detection means12b,based on the temperature information of the surface temperature for each part stored in the temperature information storage unit11b(step S19).

Here, since the surface temperatures t1aand t1bof the ears and the surface temperatures t2aand t2bof the forehead are stored in the temperature information storage unit11bas the temperature information of the surface temperature of each part, the object temperature change measuring means12hmeasures (calculates) the temperature changes t1a-t1bof the surface temperature of the ears (the first part) and the temperature changes t2a-t2bof the surface temperature of the forehead (the second part) as the temperature changes of the surface temperature of the object.

Next, the living body determination means12kperforms a living body determination processing to determine whether or not the object is a living body (step S20). Since a specific example of this living body determination processing has already been described, its explanation is omitted.

When the determination result of the living body determination processing (step S20) is living body detection results normal (step S21: YES), a face authentication of the object is performed (step S22).

For example, the authentication control means12ncauses the authentication apparatus60for performing authentication to perform the face authentication of the object by sending a face authentication request containing a face image (a visible image) of the object to the authentication apparatus60for performing face authentication. The authentication result (collation result) is notified to the entrance/exit management system70.

On the other hand, when the determination result of the living body determination processing (step S20) is living body detection results abnormal (step S21: NO), the notification means12pnotifies that an abnormality has been detection (step S23). For example, in order to display the fact that the abnormality has been detection on the monitor or the like, which is visually observed by a guard or a watchman, the notification means12pnotifies the fact that the abnormality has been detection on the predetermined apparatus via the communication unit14. At that time, the location information of the object whose abnormality has been detection may also be notified.

The same effect as the third embodiment can be achieved by the fourth embodiment.

In addition, according to the fourth embodiment, for example, by installing the first thermal camera and the second thermal camera at locations separated from each other, it is possible to determine whether or not the object is a living body, even when the object moves.

In addition, according to the fourth embodiment, when it is determined that the object is not a living body, the guard or the watchman who receives the notice can take appropriate measures promptly based on the notice because the notice means is provided to notify the fact.

Next, a modification of the fourth embodiment will be described.

In the above fourth embodiment, an example in which after the living body determination means12kdetermines that the object is a living body, the authentication control means12ncauses the authentication apparatus60to perform a face authentication of the object (step S22) was described, but it is not limited to this.

For example, before the living body determination means12kdetermines that the object is a living body (for example, before step S20), the authentication control means12nmay cause the authentication apparatus60to perform a face authentication of the object.

For example, the authentication control means12nmay cause the authentication apparatus60to perform a face authentication of the object in parallel with the processing of steps S10A to S21.

Next, a living body detection system1C is described in detail as a fifth embodiment of this disclosure.

FIG.24is a block diagram showing the configuration of the living body detection system1C according to the fifth embodiment.

Hereafter, the differences from the third embodiment will be mainly explained, and the same components will be denoted by the same symbols, and the explanation will be omitted as appropriate.

As shown inFIG.24, the living body detection system1C according to the fifth embodiment comprise the first visible light camera20A, the second visible light camera20B, the first thermal camera30A, the second thermal camera30B and the circle gate80having the space82isolated from the outside.

The first visible light camera20A and the first thermal camera30A are installed near the door81outside the space82of the circle gate80, for example. The second visible light camera20B and the second thermal camera30B are installed in the space82of the circle gate80. The room temperature adjusting apparatus41(an air conditioner, etc.) is installed in the space82of the circle gate80. The room temperature adjusting apparatus41is an example of the surface temperature change means in this disclosure. As shown inFIG.25, temperature control means12fand temperature setting means12gare omitted.FIG.25is a block diagram showing the configuration of the living body detection apparatus10according to the fifth embodiment.

Next, an example of the operation of the living body detection apparatus10according to the fifth embodiment will be described.

FIG.26is a flowchart of one example of the operation of the living body detection apparatus10according to the fifth embodiment.

The following processing is realized by the control unit12(a processor) executing a program read from the program storage unit11ainto a RAM (not shown). Hereafter, it is assumed that the space82of the circle gate80is setting lower (or higher) than the ambient temperature outside the space82of the circle gate80by the room temperature adjusting apparatus41(an air conditioner, etc.).

First, the visible image acquisition means12aacquires a visible image including an object (the object attempting to enter the space82in the circle gate80) taken by the first visible light camera20A from the first visible light camera20A installed near the door81of the circle gate80(step S10A). Here, it is assumed that a visible image I including the face of the object Ob shown inFIG.8is acquired.

Next, the object detection means12bdetects the face area A1of the object Ob in the visible image I acquired by the visible image acquisition means12a(step S11).

Next, the part detection means12cdetects each part (a first part that is relatively likely to change temperature, a second part that is relatively unlikely to change temperature) in the face area A1detected by the object detection means12b(step S12). Here, as shown inFIG.8, it is assumed that the ears e1is detected as the first part that is relatively likely to change temperature, and the forehead e2as the second part that is relatively unlikely to change temperature change.

Next, the thermal image acquisition means12dacquires from the first thermal camera30A a thermal image (see, e.g., symbol14inFIG.27) including the object taken by the first thermal camera30A (the same object as the one taken by the first visible light camera20A) installed near the door81of the circle gate80(step S13A).

Next, the temperature recording means12estores temperature information of the surface temperature of each part (in the thermal image14acquired by the thermal image acquisition means12d) detected by the part detection means12cin the temperature information storage unit11b(step S14).

Here, it is assumed that t1a(seeFIG.27) as the surface temperature of the ears in the initial state (before entering the space82of the circle gate80) and t2a(seeFIG.27) as the surface temperature of the forehead in the initial state (before entering the space82of the circle gate80) are stored in the temperature information storage unit11b,respectively.

Next, the visible image acquisition means12aacquires a visible image including the object taken by the second visible light camera20B from the second visible light camera20B installed in the space82of the circle gate80as in step S10A (step S14A).

Next, the object detection means12bdetects the face area of the object Ob in the visible image acquired by the visible image acquisition means12aas in step S11(step S14B).

Next, the part detection means12cdetects each part (the first part that is relatively likely to change temperature, the second part that is relatively unlikely to change temperature) in the face area detected by the object detection means12bas in step S12(step S14C).

Next, the thermal image acquisition means12dacquires from the second thermal camera30B a thermal image (see, e.g., symbol15inFIG.27) including the object taken by the second thermal camera30B installed in the space82of the circle gate80(step S17A).

Next, the temperature recording means12estores temperature information of the surface temperature of each part (in the thermal image I5acquired by the thermal image acquisition means12d) detected by the part detection means12cin the temperature information storage unit11b(step S18).

Here, it is assumed that t1b(seeFIG.5) as the surface temperature of the ears in the space82of the circle gate80and t2b(seeFIG.5) as the surface temperature of the forehead in the space82of the circle gate80are stored in the temperature information storage unit11b,respectively.

Next, the visible image acquisition means12aacquires a visible image including the object (the object exiting the space82in the circle gate80) taken by the first visible light camera20A from the first visible light camera20A installed near the door81of the circle gate80(step S18A). Here, it is assumed that a visible image I including the face of the object Ob shown inFIG.8is acquired.

Next, the object detection means12bdetects the face area Al of the object Ob in the visible image I acquired by the visible image acquisition means12a(step S18B).

Next, the part detection means12cdetects each part (the first part that is relatively likely to change temperature, the second part that is relatively unlikely to change temperature) in the face area A1detected by the object detection means12b(step S18C). Here, as shown inFIG.8, it is assumed that the ears e1is detected as the first part that is relatively likely to change temperature, and the forehead e2as the second part that is relatively unlikely to change temperature change.

Next, the thermal image acquisition means12dacquires from the first thermal camera30A a thermal image (see, e.g., symbol16inFIG.27) including the object taken by the first thermal camera30A (the same object as the one taken by the first visible light camera20A) installed near the door81of the circle gate80(step S18D).

Next, the temperature recording means12estores temperature information of the surface temperature of each part (in the thermal image16acquired by the thermal image acquisition means12d) detected by the part detection means12cin the temperature information storage unit11b(step S18F).

Here, it is assumed that tic (seeFIG.27) as the surface temperature of the ears after exiting the space82of the circle gate80and t2c(seeFIG.27) as the surface temperature of the forehead after exiting the space82of the circle gate80are stored in the temperature information storage unit11b,respectively.

Next, the object temperature change measuring means12hmeasures the temperature change of the object (for example, the first part and the second part detected by the part detection means12c) detected by the object detection means12b,based on the temperature information of the surface temperature for each part stored in the temperature information storage unit11b(step S19).

Here, since the surface temperatures t1a,t1band t1cof the ears and the surface temperatures t2a,t2band t2cof the forehead are stored in the temperature information storage unit11bas the temperature information of the surface temperature of each part, the object temperature change measuring means12hmeasures (calculates) the temperature changes t1a-t1band t1b-t1cof the surface temperature of the ears (the first part) and the temperature changes t2a-t2band t2b-t2cof the surface temperature of the forehead (the second part) as the temperature changes of the surface temperature of the object.

Next, the living body determination means12kperforms the living body determination processing to determine whether or not the object is a living body (step S20). Since the specific example of this living body determination processing has already been described, its explanation is omitted.

When the determination result of the living body determination processing (step S20) is living body detection results normal (step S21: YES), a face authentication of the object is performed (step S22). For example, the authentication control means12ncauses the authentication apparatus60for performing authentication to perform the face authentication of the object by sending a face authentication request containing a face image (visible image) of an object to the authentication apparatus60for performing face authentication. The authentication result (the collation result) is notified to the entrance/exit management system70.

On the other hand, when the determination result of the living body determination processing (step S20) is living body detection results abnormal (step S21: NO), notification means12pnotifies that an abnormality has been detection (step S23). For example, so as to display the fact that the abnormality has been detection on the monitor or the like, which is visually observed by the guard or the watchman, the notification means12pnotifies the fact that the abnormality has been detection on the predetermined apparatus via the communication unit14. Or, when the determination result of the living body determination processing (step S20) is living body detection results abnormal (step S21: NO), the processing may be terminated without notification that the above has been detection.

The same effect as the third embodiment can be achieved by the fifth embodiment. Next, a modification of the fifth embodiment will be described.

In the fifth embodiment above, the example in which the second thermal camera30B is installed in the space82of the circle gate80was described, but it is not limited to this. For example, the second thermal camera30B may be installed outside the space82of the circle gate80. Even if the second thermal camera30B is installed outside the space82of the circle gate80, the temperature of the object in the space82can be measured from outside the space82by forming the circle gate80with a transparent wall, for example.

Moreover, by installing the second thermal camera30B outside the space82of the circle gate80and adjusting the angle of the second thermal camera30B, by the second thermal camera30B, the functions of the first thermal camera30A and the second thermal camera30B can be realized by one thermal camera.

By using one thermal camera in this way, it becomes easier to acquire the temperature change of the object's face.

In the above fifth embodiment, the example in which the first thermal camera30A installed near the door81outside the space82of the circle gate80takes an object attempting to enter the space82of the circle gate80, the second thermal camera installed in the space82of the circle gate80takes the object in the space82of the circle gate80, and the first thermal camera30A installed near the door81outside the space82of the circle gate80images an object attempting to enter the space82of the circle gate80was described, but it is not limited to this.

For example, as shown inFIG.28, for example, a third thermal camera30C may be installed outside the space82of the circle gate80to take the object exited from the space82of the circle gate80and record temperature information (a processing corresponding to steps S18D and S18F inFIG.26), and a living body detection may be performed considering the temperature change of the object exited from the space82of the circle gate80.FIG.28is a block diagram showing the configuration of the living body detection system1C (a modified example) according to the fifth embodiment.

Next, variations of the second embodiment to the fifth embodiment will be described.

In the second embodiment to the fourth embodiment, an example of determining whether or not an object is a living body based on the temperature change of the surface temperature of the face (the part) of the object was described, but this is not limited to the above. For example, it may be determined whether or not the object is a living body based on temperature changes in the surface temperatures of the hands, neck, and legs (the part) other than the object's face.

In the second embodiment to the fourth embodiment, an example using a thermal camera30to measure the surface temperature of an object (a part) was described, but it is not limited to this. If the surface temperature of the object (the part) can be measured, other non-contact temperature measuring means may be used, or contact temperature measuring means may be used.

In the above-described first and second embodiments, the program may be stored in various types of non-transitory computer readable media and thereby supplied to computers. The non-transitory computer readable media includes various types of tangible storage media. Examples of the non-transitory computer readable media include a magnetic recording medium (such as a flexible disk, a magnetic tape, and a hard disk drive), a magneto-optic recording medium (such as a magneto-optic disk), a CD-ROM (Read Only Memory), CD-R, CD-R/W, and a semiconductor memory (such as a mask ROM, a PROM (Programmable ROM), an EPROM (Erasable PROM), a flash ROM, and a RAM (Random Access Memory)). Further, the programs may be supplied to computers by using various types of transitory computer readable media. Examples of the transitory computer readable media include an electrical signal, an optical signal, and an electromagnetic wave. The transitory computer readable media can be used to supply programs to a computer through a wired communication line (e.g., electric wires and optical fibers) or a wireless communication line.

All the numeral values mentioned in the above-described example embodiments are merely examples, and needless to say, numeral values different from them can be uses as desired.

The above-described example embodiments are merely examples in all the aspects thereof. The present invention should not be limited by the descriptions of the above-described example embodiments. The present invention may be carried out in various other forms without departing from the spirit or main features of the invention.

An information processing apparatus comprising:object temperature change measuring means for measuring a temperature change of a surface temperature of an object, andliving body determination means for determining whether or not the object is a living body based on the temperature change.

The information processing apparatus according to Supplementary note 1, further comprising:visible image acquisition means for acquiring a visible image including the object taken by a visible light camera;thermal image acquisition means for acquiring a thermal image including the object taken by a thermal camera; andobject detection means for detecting the object in the visible image; whereinthe object temperature change measuring means measures the temperature change of the object detected based on the thermal image.

The information processing apparatus according to Supplementary note 2, further comprising:part detection means for detecting at least one part in the object detected by the object detection means; whereinthe object temperature change measuring means measures the temperature change of the part based on the thermal image,the living body determination means determines whether or not the object is a living body based on the temperature change of the part.

The information processing apparatus according to Supplementary note 3, whereinthe part includes a first part that is relatively likely to change temperature and a second part that is relatively unlikely to change temperature,the object temperature change measuring means measures the temperature change of the first part and the temperature change of the second part based on the thermal image,the information processing apparatus further comprises:comparison means for comparing a temperature change of the first part with a temperature change of the second part; whereinthe living body determination means determines whether or not the object is a living body based on the comparison result of the comparison means.

The information processing apparatus according to any one of Supplementary notes 1 to 3, further comprising:temperature return determination means for determining whether or not the object surface temperature has returned to the original surface temperature before the change; whereinthe living body determination means determines whether or not the object is a living body based on the determination result of the temperature return determination means.

The information processing apparatus according to any one of Supplementary notes 1 to 3, further comprising:comparison means for comparing a change pattern of a surface temperature of the object with a change pattern of a surface temperature of a reference person; whereinthe living body determination means determines whether or not the object is a living body based on the comparison result of the comparison means.

The information processing apparatus according to any one of Supplementary notes 1 to 6, further comprising:temperature control means for controlling a surface temperature change means that changes a surface temperature of the object.

The information processing apparatus according to Supplementary note 7, whereinthe surface temperature change means is a wind blowing means for blowing wind of a predetermined temperature to the object.

The information processing apparatus according to Supplementary note 8, further comprising:temperature setting means for setting a predetermined temperature.

The information processing apparatus according to Supplementary note 8 or 9, further comprising:notification control means for causing notification means to notify that a wind will blow from now on before the wind blowing means blows the wind to the object.

The information processing apparatus according to Supplementary note 7, whereinthe surface temperature change means is a room temperature adjusting apparatus installed in a space isolated from outside.

The information processing apparatus according to any one of Supplementary notes 1 to 11, whereinthe living body determination means determines whether or not the object is a living body, considering a result of comparison between a change pattern of a surface temperature of the object and a change pattern of a surface temperature of a reference non-person.

The information processing apparatus according to any one of Supplementary notes 8 to 10, whereinthe living body determination means determines whether or not the object is a living body, considering a reaction of the object when the wind blowing means blows the wind to the object.

The information processing apparatus according to any one of Supplementary notes 1 to 11, whereinthe living body determination means determines whether or not the object is a living body, considering a surface condition of the object before and after changing a surface temperature.

The information processing apparatus according to any one of Supplementary notes 1 to 11, whereinthe living body determination means determines whether or not the object is a living body, considering a temperature change in a background of the object.

The information processing apparatus according to any one of Supplementary notes 1 to 6, further comprising:notification control means for causing notification means to notify a content that encourages actions to change the object's body temperature before the object temperature change measuring means measures a temperature change of a surface temperature of the object.

The information processing apparatus according to Supplementary note 2, whereinthe thermal camera includes a first thermal camera and a second thermal camera.

The information processing apparatus according to any one of Supplementary notes 1 to 17, further comprising:authentication control means for causing the authentication apparatus performing the face authentication to perform the face authentication of the object; whereinthe authentication control means causes the authentication apparatus to perform the face authentication of the object after the living body determination means determines that the object is a living body,the information processing apparatus further comprises:notification means for notifying to that effect when the living body determination means determines that the object is not a living body.

A living body detection system comprising:object temperature change measuring means for measuring a temperature change of a surface temperature of an object, andliving body determination means for determining whether or not the object is a living body based on the temperature change.

A living body detection system according to Supplementary note 19, further comprising:a visible light camera;a thermal camera;visible image acquisition means for acquiring a visible image including the object taken by the visible light camera;thermal image acquisition means for acquiring a thermal image including the object taken by the thermal camera;object detection means for detecting the object in the visible image; whereinthe object temperature change measuring means measures the temperature change of the object detected based on the thermal image.

A living body detection method comprising:object temperature change measuring step measuring a temperature change of a surface temperature of an object, andliving body determination step determining whether or not the object is a living body based on the temperature change.

The living body detection method according to Supplementary note 21, further comprising:visible image acquisition step acquiring a visible image including the object taken by a visible light camera;thermal image acquisition step acquiring a thermal image including the object taken by a thermal camera; andobject detection step detecting the object in the visible image; whereinthe object temperature change measurement step measures the temperature change of the object detected based on the thermal image.

A non-transitory computer readable medium storing a program for causing an electronic device to execute the following steps of:object temperature change measuring step measuring a temperature change of a surface temperature of an object, andliving body determination step determining whether or not the object is a living body based on the temperature change.

The non-transitory computer readable medium according to Supplementary note 23, further storing a program for causing the electronic device to execute the following steps of:visible image acquisition step acquiring a visible image including the object taken by a visible light camera;thermal image acquisition step acquiring a thermal image including the object taken by a thermal camera; andobject detection step detecting the object in the visible image; whereinthe object temperature change measurement step measures the temperature change of the object detected based on the thermal image.

REFERENCE SIGNS LIST