Lubricating means for gas-operated cylinders

In a gas-operated cylinder, the surfaces of the cylinder and piston that are in sliding contact are lubricated by an oil-impregnated wick disposed in an annular chamber at the rod end of the cylinder. The wick extends through radially inwardly extending openings in the chamber to contact the piston rod and also through axial openings in the chamber to contact the back side of the piston when the latter moves to the rod end of the cylinder.

This invention relates to fluid cylinders and, more specifically, to means 
for lubricating piston-cylinder units of the type operated by gas under 
pressure in a closed fluid system. 
In metal die forming operations it is common practice to yieldably restrain 
movement of movable die members by means of fluid springs. Frequently such 
fluid springs comprise piston-cylinder units connected to a reservoir of 
gas under pressure, such as nitrogen. With such closed pressure systems 
the gas itself does not contain a lubricant, as is the case with systems 
wherein piston-cylinder units are operated by pressurized air supplied by 
a compressor and the air lines are equipped with lubricators. Thus, in 
closed type systems of the type to which the present invention relates in 
order to reduce wear and minimize service problems it is desirable to 
provide auxiliary means to lubricate the surfaces of the cylinder, piston 
and piston rod which are in sliding contact. 
The present invention has for its primary object the provision of a novel 
lubricating arrangement for such piston-cylinder units which is of 
economical construction and which is easily serviceable. 
More specifically, the present invention contemplates the provision of a 
readily accessible chamber at the rod end of a cylinder in which there is 
arranged a lubricant-impregnated wick having a portion thereof projecting 
into the idle chamber of the cylinder, that is, the chamber through which 
the piston rod extends. The wick is also preferably arranged so that it 
contacts the piston rod. Thus, with the arrangement of this invention, 
whenever the piston is reciprocated in the cylinder, the piston rod is 
lubricated, and, whenever the piston is retracted in the cylinder to a 
predetermined position, the back face thereof contacts the portion of the 
wick projecting into the cylinder which supplies lubricant to the faces of 
the piston and cylinder which are in sliding contact.

Referring to FIG. 1, there is illustrated a fluid spring, generally 
designated 10, in the form of a piston-cylinder unit which, in accordance 
with the present invention, is arranged between a vertically movable die 
member 12 and a fixed support 14 which, in the illustrated arrangement, 
comprises a manifold plate of a die assembly. The overall arrangement 
shown in FIG. 1 is generally similar to that illustrated in my copending 
application Ser. No. 559,660, filed Mar. 19, 1975. Piston-cylinder unit 10 
comprises a cylinder sleeve 16 which is threaded as at 18 into a bore 20 
in a manifold plate 14. A rubber O-ring 22 seals the threaded connection 
between sleeve 16 and manifold plate 14. Adjacent the upper end thereof 
sleeve 16 is formed with an annular chamber 24 which extends around the 
rod 26 of a piston 28 slideably arranged within sleeve 16. Piston 28 
divides the cylinder into a pressure chamber 27 and an idle chamber 29. A 
plastic bushing 30 is interposed between the inner wall 32 of chamber 24 
and piston rod 26. Bushing 30 is formed with a small axially extending 
groove 34 in the full length thereof (FIG. 2) for admitting and exhausting 
air from idle chamber 29 as the piston reciprocates. One end of chamber 24 
is defined by an end wall 36 which is common to the idle chamber 29. The 
opposite end of chamber 24 is defined by a cover 38 which is removably 
secured to the upper end of cylinder sleeve 16 by screws 40. Within 
chamber 24 there is arranged a wick 42 which is impregnated with a 
lubricant, such as oil. Wick 42 preferably comprises a fibrous material, 
such as felt or the like. End wall 36 is formed around its outer periphery 
with a plurality of openings 44 through which wick 42 extends as at 46. 
The impregnated wick 42 is arranged to extend through openings 44 slightly 
beyond the face of end wall 36. The inner peripheral wall 32 of chamber 24 
is likewise provided with a plurality of radially extending openings 48 
which register with pockets 50 around the inner periphery of bushing 30. 
If desired, pockets 50 can be formed as a circumferentially continuous 
groove around bushing 30. In either event, the oil-impregnated wick 42 
extends through openings 48 and into pockets 50. 
As pointed out above, piston 28 divides the bore of sleeve 16 into an idle 
chamber 29 and working chamber 27. Working chamber 27 is open at its lower 
end and communicates with bore 20 in manifold plate 14. A port 56 in bore 
20 communicates with a gas reservoir 58 by means of a passageway 60. 
Reservoir 58 is filled with a gas, such as nitrogen, and charged to a 
predetermined high pressure. 
From the above description the operation of the lubricating means disclosed 
is apparent. When die member 12 is in its uppermost position the free end 
of piston rod 26 abuts the bottom face of die member 12 and is urged 
upwardly thereagainst by reason of the gaseous pressure in the working 
chamber 54 connected to reservoir 58. As die member 12 descends piston 28 
is displaced downwardly within sleeve 16 and the lubricant-impregnated 
wick in pockets 50 contacts and lubricates piston rod 26. When the 
downward pressure on die member 12 is relieved on the up stroke of the 
press, the pressure in chamber 54 urges piston 28 upwardly to a position 
wherein the back face 62 of the piston is contacted and lubricated by the 
projecting portions of the lubricant-impregnated wick in openings 44. 
In the drawing die member 12 is illustrated in an intermediate position. It 
is preferred that the vertical travel of die member 12 is such that the 
upper end of piston rod 26 is at all times in abutting relation with die 
member 12 and that the upward travel of die member 12 is limited to a 
predetermined position wherein the back face 62 of piston 28 just contacts 
the portion of the impregnated material 42 projecting through the openings 
44. In this position the back face 62 of the piston does not actually 
contact the lower face of end wall 36, but is spaced slightly therefrom. 
This insures the application of lubricant to the piston on each retraction 
stroke thereof. Since openings 44 are located around the outer periphery 
of wall 36, the lubricant is applied to the piston directly adjacent the 
outer periphery thereof and lubrication of the bore of cylinder 16 is 
assured.