Apparatus for forming wire connection

Wire connections as disclosed and the method and apparatus to secure the ends of an elongated member, such as bale wire and the like, employed to secure bales of material for transport and storage. The bale wire connections include a pair of loops forming interconnecting members, which are interlocked by automated techniques to form a strong coupling of the ends of the bale wires used in securing bulk material.

This invention relates in general to wire connections, and, in particular, 
to an improved technique to connect the ends of an elongated wire member. 
More specifically, but without restriction to the particular use which is 
shown and described, this invention relates to wire connections and the 
method and apparatus to secure the ends of an elongated member, such as 
bale wire and the like, employed to retain bales of material for transport 
and storage. The bale wire connection of the invention includes a pair of 
loops forming interconnecting members, which may be interlocked by 
automated techniques to form a strong coupling of the ends of the bale 
wires used in securing bulk material. 
It is common practice to retain a large package or bundle of material, 
generally referred to as a bale, by means of a plurality of elongated 
straps, metal wires and the like wrapped around the material. Such baling 
members thus retain the material in its baled form to enable it to 
satisfactorily be transported and stored during various stages from its 
raw form to its final utilization by a textile mill and the like. Many 
types of material generally are shipped and stored in bales, such as waste 
paper, wool, man-made fiber staple, cotton, fiberglass and the like. 
The use of metallic wire is one of the preferred techniques for securing 
bales of such material for transport. Bale wire is particularly suitable 
for use in the securement of bales of cotton that are transported from the 
gin, where the raw cotton is separated, to the warehouse, where the cotton 
is stored and later sold for use in textile mills and the like. At the 
cotton gin, the raw fiber cotton is separated from the remaining plant 
material and is pressed by a press machine into a bale having a selected 
density and size. In general, seven different sizes of bales for cotton 
are accepted for shipment in the United States with varying dimensions and 
density per cubic foot. The density of the cotton bale compressed at the 
gin mill may range from a low density bale, requiring six bale wires, to a 
high 28 pound density one, requiring eight wires for adequate securement. 
In use of bale wire for securing cotton bales of the type described, it is 
standard practice in the industry to apply the tie to the bale at the gin, 
while the bale is still under compression. The wire is wrapped or looped 
around the bale, and its ends are manually secured together by a square 
knot joint or crosshead connection, a descriptive term derived from the 
physical configuration of the wire at the joint. The use of the well-known 
manual type connections to join the ties applied to the bale presents 
several deficiencies in use. The strength of the square knot connection, 
for example, is generally subject to fracture at a load substantially less 
than the failure strength of the wire itself. Because of its inherent 
weakness, a square knot connection must be situated in most uses 
disadvantageously at the top of the bale, where the least tensile load is 
encountered. Upon release of the compression being applied to the bale by 
the gin press, the wire tie is subjected to a considerable loading, such 
that the square knot configuration of the joint is pulled into a smaller 
compressed form, which cannot later be readily disengaged. 
A preferred cotton bale is known as a gin universal density bale. Such a 
bale is compressed to a density of 28 pounds per cubic feet directly at 
the gin and can be shipped to the cotton user without intermediate 
recompression. Ties for a gin universal bale must be no smaller than 9 
gauge, and a joint having a breaking strength considerably greater than 
90% of the wire strength must be employed, if situated at the side of the 
bale. A square knot type connector cannot attain such results, since it is 
only approximately 65% as strong as the wire. 
Being a dense bale compressed directly at the gin, it is becoming 
disadvantageous to secure wire to a gin universal by hand methods. Federal 
regulations, such as O.S.H.A., and the like have rendered hand tying to be 
more and more unacceptable. Moreover, conventional hand baling 
uneconomically requires the use of two or more men to accomplish the task. 
Because of these reasons, automated techniques for applying wires to 
secure bales is becoming a necessity in high speed ginning operations. 
However, prior art connections directly formed on the machines at the bale 
have not achieved the high strength levels necessary to secure the highly 
compressed gin universal bales, and other types, in a manner acceptable to 
meet industry requirements. One common connector, which is stronger than a 
square knot coupling, is subject to unraveling, while other prior 
techniques do not demonstrate the strength characteristics needed for 
joints situated at the side of the bale. 
In addition, known designs of apparatus for automating the baling operation 
are not satisfactory in creating a suitable connection or functioning with 
the efficiency that is desirable in the field. Past equipment suffers from 
numerous deficiencies including a lack of operational speed, the 
employment of overly complex mechanisms, and/or lack of reliability. 
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
It is, therefore, an object of this invention to provide improved 
connections for securing the ends of wire and the like. 
Another object of this invention is to provide an improved method and 
apparatus for automatically securing the ends of wire to form a loop 
around a bale. 
A further object of this invention is to improve the strength efficiency of 
a bale wire connection. 
A still further object of this invention is to provide an improved wire 
connection and method and apparatus for the forming of the connection for 
baling bundles which meets or exceeds all applicable government 
regulations. 
These and other objects are attained in accordance with the present 
invention wherein there is provided wire connections for use as a 
connecting means for elongated bale wires employed to secure bales of 
material, such as cotton, waste paper, wool, man-made fiber staple, 
fiberglass and the like and an improved method and apparatus for forming 
the novel wire connections herein disclosed. The wire connection of the 
invention includes interconnectable double loops which are formed by a 
machine after the elongated straps are applied to the bales. The method 
and connection of the invention permits the highest compressed bales to be 
wrapped, such as a gin universal bale of cotton through an automated 
technique without requiring manual labor. 
Under load, the strength of the wire connections of the invention will 
range upward to 100% of the break strength of the wire. The wire 
connection thus provides greatly improved strength characteristics over 
the typical square knot connections, commonly employed in attaching bale 
wire ends. The improved strength of the wire connection herein disclosed 
permits its positioning at the side of a highly compressed bale, such as a 
gin universal bale, where the highest stress points applied to the tie are 
normally encountered. This advantageous positioning is in contrast to the 
usual requirement of the square knot type connection to be situated at the 
top of such a highly compressed bale. Accordingly, the wire connections of 
the invention provides a non-manually formed means and method for 
attaching the ends of elongated wire members, such as used in baling 
applications, in a manner exceeding government specifications for cotton 
bale packaging material, as specified by the Commodity Credit Corporation. 
Improved apparatus for forming the wire connections of the invention 
automatically without manual labor is further disclosed herein and are 
capable of efficient operation, high reliability and the formation of 
superior connection demonstrating the improved qualities herein disclosed.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS 
Referring now to FIG. 1, there is illustrated a bale of material 10, such 
as cotton and the like, being secured or tied by a plurality of wires 12, 
each coupled by a first embodiment of the improved wire connection of the 
invention, generally designated by the reference numeral 20. 
Conventionally, a suitable plurality of wire ties are employed to secure a 
bale of cotton, such as eight ties required to wrap a universal bale 
having a density of at least 28 pounds per cubic foot. The baling wire 12 
is in the form of steel wire that forms a continuous loop about the bale 
10, after the ends of the wire are interconnected by the wire connection 
20. Generally, the bale wire 12 is applied to the bale 10 while the bundle 
is in a fully compacted state by a typical press machine, such that upon 
removal from the machine, the wire 12 is subjected to a considerable 
loading transmitted by the compressed material of the bale 10. As shown in 
FIG. 1, the wire connection 20 of the invention may be effectively 
positioned along the sides of the bale 10, at which position the greatest 
load on the wire is usually present. 
Referring now to FIG. 2, there is illustrated the first embodiment of the 
wire connector of the invention, generally designated by reference numeral 
20, which retains the opposite ends of bale wire 12 in a bound 
configuration. The wire connection 20 is arranged as a double closed loop 
construction, having first and second loops 22 and 24, which are adapted 
to be formed by the improved method and apparatus of the invention by an 
automated technique as will be described. The first and second loops 22 
and 24 are each formed by twisting the end portions thereof, until such 
time as the loops are formed. As is apparent, the plane of loop 22 may be 
disposed in an angular relationship to the plane of the opposing loop 24 
and under tension or load, in many situations, is in a perpendicular 
orientation. Although connection 20 can be used with any type of bale, the 
double closed loop of the invention is particularly suitable for 
securement of highly compressed bales of cotton and the like, such as a 
gin universal bale as previously discussed. The strength of the double 
loop configuration of the invention is nearly 100% of the wire strength 
permitting the double loop connection of the invention to be situated 
adjacent the sides of the bale, even in securement of the most compressed 
bales having at least a density of 28 pounds per cubic foot. Universal 
bales generally require 9 gauge baling wire, on which the double loop 
connector 20 can easily be used with effectiveness. For optimum strength, 
end portions 22a and 24a should respectively form at least three twists or 
more with its adjacent portion of the wire for optimum support of loops 
22a and 24a. 
Referring now to FIGS. 4, 5 and 6, there is illustrated a unique method by 
which the wire connection 20 of the invention is applied automatically 
during compression of the bale directly at the site of wrapping. Although 
the method illustrated in FIGS. 4 to 6 is shown being performed by the 
improved apparatus for forming wire connections of the invention, it is 
within the scope of the method of the invention to form the novel wire 
connections herein disclosed by other suitable machines, if available. 
Thus, the technique of the invention is not intended to be performed by 
hand, since the 9 gauge wire for universal bales requires at least three 
tight twists which are not readily attainable by manual labor, even though 
loose twists can be made by hand, but are not effective in holding. In 
wrapping of a typical bale, such as a gin universal bale, the wire 12 
continuously fed from a reel or coil of wire (not shown) by power feed 
rollers or wheels, such as rollers 30 shown in FIG. 7. The fed wire is 
directed around the bundle by conventional guides (not shown in FIGS. 4 to 
6) with wire end 12a extending the wire to a point where the first end 
portion 42 of the wire 12 meets and overlaps another portion 44 of the 
wire. The wire is then cut at point 12b by suitable means associated with 
a wire gripper 50 of the invention to create an overlapping pair of end 
portions as shown in FIG. 4. A pair of looper assemblies 60 of the type to 
be described later or other means capable of functioning as required then 
loop or bend the end portions 42, 44 of the wire 12 back into engaged or 
double relationship as shown in FIG. 5. Twister blocks 52 of the type to 
be described in conjunction with the apparatus of the invention or other 
suitable devices then twist the doubled up end portions 42 and 44 of the 
wires to form three or more twists leaving the pair of loops 22 and 24 in 
an inter-engaged relationship as shown in FIG. 6. 
Referring now to FIGS. 7 to 12, there is illustrated an improved apparatus 
of the invention, generally designated by reference numeral 65, for 
automatically forming the wire connection 20 and carrying out the method 
of the invention illustrated in schematic form in FIGS. 4 through 6. 
Referring to FIGS. 7 and 8, the bale 10 of material, such as cotton and 
the like, is shown in a compacted form through the use of a conventional 
press ram assembly 70 having an upper jaw 72 and a lower jaw 74. Relative 
movement between the pressing surfaces effected by a hydraulic device and 
the like (not shown) compacts the bale as is known. The elongated wire 12 
is generally applied to the compacted bale at a plurality of spaced 
positions to form the six to eight loops as previously described. 
In FIG. 7, a side view of the apparatus 65 in applying a single loop of 
wire 12 is illustrated in schematic form. As stated in conjunction with 
the method herein described, the wire 12 is applied from a coil or reel of 
elongated material (not shown). The material is delivered for application 
to the bale through the use of a V-grooved power feed wheel assembly 76 
which causes movement of the wire upward into a wire guide assembly 80. 
The wire guide assembly 80 includes a hollow entry guide 82 are formed by 
a pair of breaks or separations 82a and 82b respectively, to position the 
gripper and wire cut-off assembly 50 for access to the wire 12, and to 
permit looper 60a to extend through the guide as illustrated. The wire 
exiting from the guide 83 in the upper pressing surface 72 is directed 
into a rear wire guide 84 and is delivered to a built-in guide 85 of known 
design provided through the lower jaw 74. The wire from the lower guide 85 
then passes through a return guide 88 having a separation 88a for looper 
60b, and the wire makes contact with a limit switch feed control 90 
associated with a pivotally mounted gripper 100 of any suitable design. 
Each of the guides 82, 84 and 88 may be formed in the manner shown in FIGS. 
11 and 12, illustrating the cross-sectional configuration of entry guide 
82. The guide 82 includes a channel 110 defined by cut-out sections in 
jaws 111 and 112. A shaft assembly 113 extends through oversized holes 
113a and 113b of jaws 111 and 112 to permit relative pivotal movement 
thereof. The jaws 111 and 112 are biased together by a resilient spring 
member 114 suitably coupled thereto in the manner shown in FIG. 11 to 
allow a wire 12 to pass therein. The wire 12 may be pulled through the 
jaws under tension, and the wire moved to an appropriate position to form 
a wire connection, when the end portion of the wire contacts the limit 
switch 90. As will be apparent, the pivoted gripper 100 clamps the wire 12 
in a secured position to permit a reverse tension to be applied by wheel 
30 and subsequently cause the wire to be oriented in the crossing pattern 
illustrated in FIG. 8. In FIGS. 7 and 8, the return guide 88 is positioned 
behind the entry guide 82. The power feed or wheel 76 does not form loops 
or twist the wire 12, but merely delivers the elongated material for 
application around the compacted bale 10. The guides 83 and 85 are mounted 
in means (not shown) also capable of releasing the wire 12 to contact the 
bale at the top and bottom thereof during application of tension to the 
wire. The components of the apparatus heretofore described are intended to 
be supported on a conventional housing and include standard power means 
and controls to function in the manner described. 
As shown in FIGS. 8, 9 and 10, the apparatus 65 employs two looper 
assemblies 60a and 60b of the invention having a respective pair of 
elongated prongs 120 and 122, which embrace or grip a portion of the wire 
12 to move the ends of the wire from the pivoted grippers 50, 100 to 
twister blocks 130. The prongs 120 and 122 of loopers 60a and 60b comprise 
a pair of rotatably mounted members supported by a suitable mechanism. In 
the position shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, the prongs 120 and 122 of loopers 
60a, 60b rotate in the opposite direction to each other about respective 
axes to bring or fold the ends 12a, 12b of the wire, lying between the two 
pairs of prongs 120 and 122 and grippers 50 and 100, respectively, back 
into contact with twister blocks 130 in a manner outlined in FIGS. 4 and 
5. The prongs 120 and 122 of each of the loopers 60a, 60b have matching 
off-set midsection portions 120a and 122b (FIG. 8) to insure that the 
prongs of looper 60a do not interfere with the prongs of the other looper 
60b during rotation. The loopers 60a, 60b are respectively positioned 
within separations 82a, 88a in the entry guide 82 and the return guide 88 
are in alignment with the guide opening to direct the spaced prongs 120, 
122 during feeding movement of the wire 12 to form a loop around the bale. 
The wire 12 may then move relative to the prongs when a tensioning force 
in a manner to be described is applied to the wire to assume the 
configuration shown in FIG. 8. 
The loopers 60a, 60b each include a motor 124 of suitable design coupled to 
the ends of the prongs 120 and 122 for effecting rotation of prongs 120, 
122 about a central axis approximately parallel to their longitudinal 
axis. The prongs of loopers 60a and 60b are rotated in opposite directions 
(FIG. 10) for forming a connection 20 and then further rotated in either 
the same direction or back, if desired, to be returned in alignment with 
the wire guides before a tie is again applied to the bale. As illustrated 
in FIG. 10, the prongs of looper 60a are rotated counterclockwise, as 
viewed, after a wire 12 is guides therethrough, while the looper 60b is 
rotated clockwise. During the looping or folding back steps shown in FlGS. 
7, 8, 9 and 10, the end portions of each of the wires which are held by 
the loopers 60a and 60b are guided by a guide assembly 128, as best shown 
in FIGS. 8 and 9, to direct the ends 12a, 12b of the wire to the 
respective upper and lower twister blocks 130 after release of the 
grippers 50, 100. The end portions of the wire are in effect swung by 
rotation of loopers 60a, 60b from grippers 50, 100 to twisters 130. 
Each of the grippers 50, 100 are pivotally mounted by pivot assembly 50a, 
100a (FIG. 8) to permit movement from a position during feeding adjacent 
the wire to a position shown in FIG. 8 after tensioning. The jaws of 
grippers 50, 100 are coupled to a suitable force applying means of a 
conventional design causing them to grip and release the wire, and to 
cause the grippers 50, 100 to pivot back to their wire receiving open 
position when wire is being fed. In a wire receiving position, the 
grippers 50, 100 are oriented by control means (not shown) to open and 
receive the wire during feed. While being gripped by the jaws 50a, 100a, 
reverse tensioning of the wire loop is effected by reversing the drive 
wheel 76 in accordance with a control signal generated by limit switch 90 
supplied to the motor of the drive wheel after the wire is fed around the 
bale. 
The twister blocks 130 may comprise any suitable design capable of grasping 
the looped back wire and then rotating the adjacent sections to twist the 
wire to form the connection of FIG. 2. Each of the twister blocks 130 
includes separate power means (not shown) to cause twisting and to effect 
operative movement of the blocks. A rack and pinion of an appropriate 
construction may be employed to effect rotation or twisting action. The 
twister blocks 130 are adapted to move through the action of suitable 
means (not shown) from the position shown in phantom in FIG. 10 to a 
position embracing the wire, subsequent to the wire being tensioned after 
feeding by reversal of feed wheel 76. Upon the loopers 60a and 60b moving 
the end portions of the wire back through the guide assembly 128, the 
blocks 130 receive and secure a portion of the wire at its ends. The 
looped wire portions are retained at one end by the wire being wrapped 
around one of the prongs of each looper 60a, 60b as illustrated in FIG. 5 
and being gripped at the other end by twister blocks 130. Thus, through 
rotation of the blocks 130, the twists of the wire connection of FIG. 2 
are then formed in the manner of FIG. 6. Each of the twister blocks 130 
may be independently powered to rotate for a duration and rate sufficient 
to create at least three twists as shown for the wire connection of FIG. 
2. 
In operation, each of the foregoing components, namely the power feed 76, 
loopers 60a and 60b, press 70 pivotally mounted grippers 50, 100 and 
twisters 130, may be independently powered by suitable means. An 
electrical control circuit of suitable design (not shown) is used to 
transmit a respective command signal to each power means to effect the 
proper sequence of operation as needed. Initially, the wire 12 is fed 
manually into the power wheel 76 to receive the wire. When the bale 10 has 
been compacted to a sufficient degree by press 70, a sensing device 150 
(FIG. 7) associated with the lower pressing surface of the ran transmits 
an electrical signal to the control circuit to activate the power feed 
wheel 30. The signal to the power feed wheel 76 then energizes the feed 
wheel motor and continuously pulls the wire 12 from the source. The guide 
assemblies 82, 83, 84, 85, and 86, direct the wire around the bale, until 
such time as the end 12a of the wire contacts the limit switch 90 
associated with the pivoted gripper 100. 
Upon contact of the wire with the pivoted gripper 100, the gripper secures 
the wire, and the feed wheel 76 is deactivated. The motor driving feed 
wheel 76 is then reversed to tension the wire around the bale, while the 
wire is being held by gripper 100. The tensioned wire is then pulled from 
its releasable retention in the guide system 80 to cause the wire to 
overlap or cross as shown in FIG. 8. After the tensioning operation, the 
wire is retained by pivoted gripper 50 and is cut at point 12a by the 
cutter associated with gripper 50 to sever the loop from its source of 
supply. After being cut, a cutter sensor (not shown) transmits a signal to 
cause the grippers 50, 100 to loosen their grip on the wire ends. The 
prongs 120 and 122 of both loopers 60a and 60b are then caused to rotate 
and loop the end portions of the wire to a position where the wire ends 
12a, 12b are respectively received in the twister blocks 130. Because of 
the angular, overlapping relationship of the wire end portions and the 
direction of rotation of the prongs of the loops, the wire loops being 
formed interconnect as shown in FIG. 5. 
With ends 12a, 12b being held by twister block 130, the wire connection of 
FIG. 2 is then completed by the twisting action of blocks 130. After 
completion of the wire connection 20, a detector (not shown) associated 
with the twister blocks 130 transmits a signal back to the control circuit 
(not shown). The press ram 70 is then caused to be lowered allowing the 
compacted fiber to rebound into the wire ties 12 in a proper compression. 
As the compacted bale rebounds in a vertical direction, the wire is pulled 
from the twister block 130 tightly around the compacted bale retaining the 
material in its compacted state. The finished bale is ejected from the 
press and is ready for the next bale to be compacted. 
As described in the foregoing sequence of operation of the apparatus of 
FIGS. 7 to 12, a single bale wire loop as described is applied to the bale 
10. As is clear from FIG. 1, six to eight bale wires are conventionally 
applied, and the machine of the invention can apply such multiple ties to 
the wire through various techniques. Obviously, a single head applying a 
single wire at a time may be indexed by conventional means for movement 
relative to the bale until such time as six to eight wires are applied. 
Alternatively, a pair of heads 65 as shown in FIGS. 7 and 8 applying a 
single loop may be applied on opposite sides, whereby wire connections 20 
would be disposed on both sides of the bale. For fully automatic and high 
speed applications, a plurality of heads 65 may be stationed along the 
side, such as eight in number, whereby eight ties are simultaneously 
applied. 
The unique design of the machine of the invention is capable of feeding, 
tensioning, and looping and twisting to perform the method of the 
invention. Generally, when the wire is reeled from a coil or reel of wire 
and is guided around the bale at six or eight stations, a reverse tension 
is applied to the wire, while the threaded end is being retained, to pull 
the wire from the guide system and remove slack from the wire prior to 
cutting. After the reverse tension is applied to the wire, the wire can be 
cut and the steps of the automatic overlapping, looping and twisting as 
shown in FIGS. 3, 4 and 5 can be accomplished. 
Referring now to FIGS. 14-17, there is illustrated a second embodiment of 
the apparatus for automatically forming the wire connection 20 and 
carrying out the method of the invention, such as illustrated in schematic 
form in FIGS. 4-6. The second embodiment of the apparatus shown in 
connection with FIGS. 13-17 is generally designated by the reference 
numeral 265 and functions, in a similar manner, with certain 
modifications, as described in connection with the apparatus of FIGS. 
7-12. Similarly as in the previously described embodiment, the various 
components of the apparatus 265 perform a number of operations requiring a 
control circuit of any suitable type and employing electrical or pneumatic 
components to operate in a desired sequence a plurality of motors and 
power devices, some of which are shown in schematic form in FIGS. 13-17. 
The various drive mechanisms associated with the apparatus of FIGS. 13-17 
provide for the insertion and looping of the wire 12 around the bale and 
for subsequent operations to create the connection 20. 
Referring to FIGS. 13 and 14, the apparatus 265 includes a mounting frame 
266 which may be of any appropriate design to support the various 
components of the machine adjacent to the bale to be wrapped and a 
connection applied. The apparatus 265 further is provided with wire guides 
280, including an entry guide 282, a guide 283 within the upper and lower 
press jaws, and a lower return chute or guide 288. Wire 12 is fed to the 
apparatus 265 through a pair of drive rollers 276, powered by a motor 
drive (not shown). The rollers are driven to direct the wire around the 
bale 12 through the guide system 280 as in the previously described 
embodiments. 
The apparatus 265 is further provided with looper assemblies 260a and 260b, 
of a similar design as previously described. Looper assemblies 260a, 260b 
are mounted on brackets 260a' and 260b' carried on frame 266. Each of the 
looper assemblies 260a, 260b includes spaced, elongated prongs 320, 322 
that embrace a portion of the wire directed around the bale as was 
described with reference to the previous embodiment. The prongs are 
rotated about a central axis to swing or bend back the end portions of the 
wire after being respectively released from the pivotally mounted gripper 
assembly 100 and the lower pivoted gripper/cutter 50. The prongs 320, 322 
of each of the loopers 260a, 260b are rotated by motor 262a, 262b to cause 
the swinging action of the end portions of the wire. After the end 
portions are bent or doubled back, the loops are anchored or retained by 
the stationary prongs 320, 322 after rotation, and the twister assemblies 
330 are mounted to move into contact with the double wire arrangement of 
the bent back wire portions. 
Referring now to FIGS. 13 to 19, the improved twister assemblies 330 of the 
present embodiment of the invention are best illustrated. The twister 
assemblies 330 are mounted on the frame 266 of the apparatus and each 
include a wire receiving head 330a. Each twister head 330a is adapted to 
move from a position remote from the wire to a position for engaging or 
straddling a portion of the bent back portions and apply the requisite 
number of twists to the wire for forming the wire connection of the 
invention. The twister assemblies 330 include a housing structure 331 in 
the form of a slidable block assembly having sidewalls 332, 334 and an end 
wall 336. The twister head structure 330a is located at the opposite end 
of the sidewalls 332, 334 from wall 336 and is directed angularly toward 
the wire in its lower position. The heads 330a include a pair of walls 
338, 339, each having an open slot 340 formed with tapered wire receiving 
mouth. 
The housing 331 is slidable on a slide bar base 341 within a tapered slot 
341a (FIGS. 14, 18 and 19) to be moved toward and away from the wire 
portions by pneumatic cylinders (not shown) respectively connected to the 
housing 331. The slide bar 341a is, in turn, pivotally mounted on the 
frame by pivot assembly 341' to raise the twister assembly to a position 
remote from the bale or to lower it to a wire contacting position through 
the action of the extendable end 341b of a second pneumatic actuator which 
is affixed to an arm 341c integral with the slide bar base 341. A pinion 
drive gear 342 is mounted for rotation on shaft 343 journaled on the 
sidewalls 334, 336. The drive gear 342 meshes with an intermediate pinion 
gear 345, also journaled on the sidewalls by virtue of a shaft 346. The 
walls 338, 339 of twister head 330a further support a twister pinion gear 
348 mounted on its own two hubs 349. 
As best shown in FIG. 15, the pinion gear 348 includes an elongated open 
ended slot 350 that extends from its periphery to a point radially inward 
generally terminating at the center line of the axis of rotation of the 
pinion. Upon proper indexing of the pinion 347, the slot 350 is adapted to 
be radially aligned with the slot 340 formed by a cut-off portion in walls 
347, such that the folded back wire portions 12, may be situated within 
the pinion 348 as shown in FIG. 15. Upon the two wire segments being 
positioned as shown in FIG. 15, rotation of the pinion 348 will cause the 
wires to undergo three or more twists to secure the connection as 
illustrated in connection with FIG. 1. Motion is imparted to the pinion 
gear 348, which is in meshing relationship with pinion 345, by a 
conventional pneumatic or electric motor 354 mounted on wall 332 and 
adapted to rotate the drive gear 340. 
The twister assemblies 330 are pivotally mounted upon the support structure 
of the apparatus along a generally horizontal axis in a manner to be 
lowered and raised relative to the bale as shown in phantom in FIG. 19. 
Upon being lowered adjacent a fed wire in proper sequence, the twister 
housing assembly moves as in FIG. 18 into contact with the wire within 
pinion slot 350 after the wire portions 12 are doubled back by the looper. 
After being in proper position, the motors 354 of each twister assembly 
330 rotate the pinions 348 for a number of revolutions sufficient to 
create three or more twists on each side of the connection. 
The second embodiment of FIGS. 13-17 includes moveable wire guides and 
braces that contact the wire prior to the twisting assemblies 330 being 
moved into operative position. The guides 400 are supported on a pair of 
U-shaped support assemblies 402 which are best shown in FIG. 17. The 
support assemblies 402 are mounted on the extendible ends of separate 
pneumatic cylinders 404 carried by the frame. The support assemblies 402 
are provided with a pair of ends 406 on which a respective guide 400 is 
attached. The guides 400 are formed as generally V-shaped surfaces 400a 
capable of contacting and supporting the wire as shown in FIG. 17. The 
guides 400 are arranged along an approximate vertical orientation in back 
of the wire to brace the wire as the twister assemblies 330 move to 
straddle the wire in the opposite direction for a twisting operation. 
In operation, the apparatus 265 has a similar sequence of operation as the 
preceding embodiment of FIGS. 7-12 and is controlled by a conventional 
control circuit not forming part of the present invention. The control 
circuit may be responsive to position detectors, time delay circuits and 
the like which may direct operation of the motors and force applying 
devices operating the power drive rollers 276, gripper/cutter assembly 
100, gripper assembly 50, looping assemblies 260a and 260b, and twister 
assemblies 330. Initially, the motor driving the drive wheels 276 is 
energized to cause the wire to feed around through the guide system 280 to 
a point where the lead end of the wire 12 engages the gripper 100, at 
which point a force applying device, such as, for example, a fluid 
actuator of a pneumatic or hydraulic type (not shown) associated 
therewith, is energized to grip the end of the wire. Thereafter, a control 
signal is directed to the electric or pneumatic motor (not shown) driving 
the feed wheels 276 to reverse the motion and apply tension to the wire 
while the end is held by gripper assembly 100. 
A force applying device in the form of a pneumatic actuator and the like, 
associated with the cutter and gripper 50, is energized to cut the wire 
and create a trailing end. Subsequently, the pneumatic actuator of gripper 
assemblies 100 is de-energized to release the two ends of the wire. After 
release of the wire ends, the pneumatic cylinders 404 move the guides 400 
into contact with the wire. Subsequently, the motors 261b are energized to 
rotate the prongs 320, 322 of the loopers to bend back the relatively 
stiff end portions of the wire as in the previously embodiment. However, 
in the previous embodiment, the wire end portion are bent back into 
stationary twister assemblies. In the second embodiment of FIGS. 13-17, 
the twister assemblies are moved from a remote position to a wire 
contacting position. To accomplish this movement, a fluid actuator (not 
shown) coupled to the twister block pivot assembly of each twister 
assembly 330 causes twister assemblies 330 to be lowered to a point in 
alignment with the bent back wire portions. A second pneumatic or similar 
actuator (not shown) operatively coupled to the slidable block assembly 
331 moves the head 330a to the wire contacting position where the two wire 
portions are straddled as shown in FIG. 15. 
The motor 352 is then energized to drive the pinion 348 and cause it to 
make suitable number of turns, such as 31/2, and twist the wires together. 
After the motor 352 is de-energized to stop rotation of the pinion 348, 
the motor, if desired, reverses the pinion 348 a partial rotation, such as 
a half turn. Thereafter, the twister motor 352 is de-energized. The 
pneumatic cylinders of the twister block are then reversed and energized 
in a manner to induce its movement away from the wire, and the twister 
assemblies 330 are raised through actuation of the pivot actuator 
cylinder. The cylinders 404 controlling the support guide assemblies 400 
are also withdrawn from contact with the wire to a start position to allow 
another operation. In the above-described technique of operation of the 
apparatus 265, a wire connection of the type shown in FIG. 2 is created. 
Referring now to FIGS. 3, there is illustrated another embodiment of the 
double loop wire connection of the invention, generally designated by 
reference numeral 170. The wire connection 170 includes a pair of 
interconnecting continuous loops 172a and 172b. The loops 172a and 172b of 
the wire 12' around a portion wire adjacent the loops 172a and 172b. Such 
wrapping of the end section of the wire around the main body is intended 
to be performed automatically during baling, and not manually, through a 
similar method as shown in FIGS. 4, 5 and 6. It should be apparent that 
modified twister blocks 130 of the apparatus of FIGS. 7-12 would be used 
to perform the connection 170 requiring wrapping rather than twisting as 
in the previous embodiment. 
While the invention has been described with reference to several 
embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that 
various changes may be made and equivalents may be substituted for 
elements thereof without departing from the scope of the invention. In 
addition, many modifications may be made to adapted a particular situation 
or material to the teachings of the invention without departing from the 
essential scope thereof. Therefore, it is intended that the invention not 
be limited to the particular embodiments disclosed as the best mode 
contemplated for carrying out this invention, but that the invention will 
include all embodiments falling within the scope of the appended claims.