Process for preparing particles of high water-absorbent resin

A process for preparing particles of a high water-absorbent resin which comprises mixing a powder of a high water-absorbent resin having a water content of 10 to 60% by weight with a powder of water-soluble high molecular weight compound and drying the mixture. The obtained particles according to the present invention are suitable for use of sanitary goods, water-retaining agents or soil conditioner in the fields of agriculture and horticulture and other various uses.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
The present invention relates to a process for preparing particles of a 
high water-absorbent resin, and more particularly to a process for 
preparing particles of a high water-absorbent resin which is suitably used 
as agents for improving water absorption used in sanitary goods such paper 
diapers, sanitary napkins, tampons and disposable dustclothes, 
water-retaining agents or soil conditioners in the fields of agriculture 
and horticulture, and other various uses of coagulation of sludge, 
prevention of dew condensation on building materials, dehydration of oil, 
and so on. 
Water-absorbent resins have, hitherto, been used in the manufacture of 
paper diapers, sanitary napkins, tampons, disposable dustcloths and other 
sanitary goods, and as water-retaining agents or soil conditioners in the 
fields of agriculture and horticulture. They have been also used for the 
purpose of coagulation of sludge, prevention of dew condensation on 
building materials, dehydration of oil, and so on. 
These known water-absorbent resins include crosslinked polyacrylic acid 
salts, hydrolyzates of crosslinked acrylic acid ester-vinyl acetate 
copolymers, crosslinked starch-acrylic acid salt graft copolymer, 
hydrolyzates of crosslinked starch-acrylonitrile graft copolymers, 
crosslinked polyvinyl alcohol grafted with maleic anhydride, crosslinked 
polyethylene oxide, and so on. 
These high water-absorbent resin powders are prepared in a manner wherein a 
high water-absorbent polymer is prepared in reversed phase suspension 
polymerization, reversed phase emulsion polymerization, aqueous solution 
polymerization or a polymerization using an organic solvent, then the 
prepared polymer is dried as it is, further, when occasion demands, the 
dried one is pulverized. 
The high water-absorbent resin powders prepared by the above-mentioned 
manners, however, have a good many fine particles which can pass through a 
100 mesh standard sieve. Thus, such high water-absorbent resin powders 
have the following defects. 
(1) It is easy to generate dust, the working surrounding becomes easily bad 
and final products easily loss in weight. 
(2) The miscibility and dispersibility of the resin powder with an other 
material are bad. 
(3) It is easy to make undissolved lumps of the resin powder when 
contacting with liquid. 
(4) Bridging and flushing are easily caused in a hopper due to poor 
fluidity of the resin powder. 
For solving the above-mentioned defects, it have been proposed to remove 
fine particles or to prepare resin particles by using a binder. The former 
method is economically disadvantage and the later method is in danger of 
catching fire in drying step of the obtained particles when using an 
organic binder. Also, if insufficiently drying, the final particles are 
problematic in safety to human bodies due to the remaining organic solvent 
therein. When using as the binder an aqueous liquid such as water alone, 
an aqueous mixture of water and an organic solvent compatible with water 
or an aqueous solution wherein a water-soluble high molecular weight 
compound is dissolved in water or the aqueous mixture as mentioned above, 
though there is no problem caused in the case that the organic solvent is 
used as the binder, it is difficult to uniformly mix or disperse the 
particles with or in the aqueous liquid and big lumps of the resin 
particles, having high density (hereinafter referred to as "block") are 
produced in the obtained particles because of high rate of water 
absorption of the particles, thus resulting in that it is difficult to 
finally obtain uniform particles. 
As a process for preparing particles of a water-absorbent resin which 
improves the above-mentioned defects, there are processes described in 
Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 61-97333 and No. 61-101536, 
wherein a mixture of a high water-absorbent resin powder and an inorganic 
powder is stirred by using a specific apparatus, and to the mixture is 
added the aqueous liquid containing binder. According to these processes 
it is required to supply the aqueous liquid in the state of a fine droplet 
for uniformly mixing the high water-absorbent resin particles with the 
aqueous liquid. When using the water-soluble high molecular weight 
compound as the binder, however, for supplying the aqueous liquid in the 
state of a fine droplet, it is necessary to make the amount of the binder 
small or to dissolve the binder in a large amount of water because of its 
high viscosity. Thus, the obtained particles are poor in strength or it is 
required to expend much time and much energy for drying them. Further, if 
the aqueous liquid is not supplied in the state of a fine droplet to the 
resin particles stirred at high speed by using the specific apparatus, the 
blocks are caused partially. 
It is an object of the present invention is to provide a process for 
preparing particles of a high water-absorbent resin which do not have fine 
particles unsuitable for practical use and have high rate of water 
absorption. 
This and other objects of the present invention will become apparent from 
the description hereinafter. 
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
In accordance with the present invention, there is provided a process for 
preparing particles of a high water-absorbent resin which comprises: 
mixing a powder of a high water-absorbent resin having a water content of 
10 to 60 % by weight with a powder of a water-soluble high molecular 
weight compound, and drying the mixture. 
According to the process of the present invention, the conventional defects 
that the obtained high water-absorbent resin particles contain many fine 
particles unsuitable for practical use, there is a danger that the resin 
particles catch fire in drying step, the safety to human bodies is 
problematic due to the remaining organic solvent in the resin particles, 
and in the final resin particles, the blocks are partially caused are 
solved, moreover, the obtained resin particles contain many particles 
having a particle size suitable for practical use and are high in rate of 
water absorption. 
DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
The high water-absorbent resins used in the present invention are not 
particularly limited and known water-absorbent resins can be used without 
any limitation. Examples of the high water-absorbent resins are, for 
instance, crosslinked polyacrylic acid salts, hydrolyzates of crosslinked 
acrylic acid ester-vinyl acetate copolymers, crosslinked starch-acrylic 
acid salt graft copolymer, hydrolyzates of crosslinked 
starch-acrylonitrile graft copolymer, crosslinked polyvinyl alcohol 
grafted with maleic anhydride, crosslinked polyethylene oxide, and the 
like. Preferred among the high water-absorbent resins are the crosslinked 
polyacrylic acid salts, because the polymers are excellent in physical 
properties such as rate of water absorption. 
These high water-absorbent resin powders are prepared, in general, by 
conducting a reversed phase suspension polymerization, reversed phase 
emulsion polymerization, aqueous solution polymerization or polymerization 
using an organic solvent to synthesize the high water-absorbent resin, and 
dring them, further pulvelizing the dried one when occasion demands. 
The preparation method of the high water-absorbent resin powder used in the 
present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned methods and the 
resin powder may be prepared in any manner. 
Also, in the present invention, as the high water-absorbent resin powder, 
there can be used the resin powder whose not only surface but also surface 
and inside is crosslinked by using a crosslinking agent disclosed in 
Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 58-180233, No. 58-117222, and 
No. 58-42602 to increase the rate of water absorption and the 
dispersibility to water. Examples of the crosslinking agents are, for 
instance, an epoxy compound having the formula: 
##STR1## 
a condensation product of a long-chain dibasic acid and epichlorohydrin, a 
reaction product of bisphenol A and epichlorohydrin, and the like. It is 
preferable that the amount of the crosslinking agent is from 0.0005 to 3 
parts by weight, more preferably from 0.01 to 1 part by weight, based on 
100 parts by weight of the high water-absorbent resin powder which is the 
raw material. If the amount of the crosslinking agent is more than 3 parts 
by weight, it tends to lower the water absorbency thereof. 
The average particle size of the high water-absorbent resin powder varies 
depending on the kinds and cannot be decided unqualifiedly. It is 
preferable that the average particle size of the high water-absorbent 
resin powder which is the raw material is from 100 to 500 .mu.m, more 
preferably from 150 to 400 .mu.m, in case of paying regard to the use as 
diapers. When the average particle size is more than 500 .mu.m, the rate 
of water absorption is lowered. When the average particle size is less 
than 100 .mu.m, dust is produced or undissolved lumps of the particles are 
produced if contacting the particles with liquid. 
In the present invention, the water content of the high water-absorbent 
resin powder which is the raw material is adjusted to 10 to 60 % by 
weight, preferably from 15 to 50 % by weight, more preferably from 20 to 
45% by weight. When the water content is within the above-mentioned range, 
the high water-absorbent resin powder is easily mixed with the 
water-soluble high molecular weight compound powder, the mixture is only 
dried with heating, without adding water to the mixture, to give the 
desired resin particles, the obtained particles have no block and have a 
suitable particle size for practical use (12 to 100 mesh). 
The water-soluble high molecular weight compound generally contains water 
(the water content of the water-soluble high molecular weight compound 
about 10 % by weight). In the present invention, regardless of the 
above-mentioned water content, any water-soluble high molecular weight 
compound can be used so long as its normal state is a powder (the particle 
size: not more than 48 mesh). 
The high water-absorbent resin powder is mixed with the water-soluble high 
molecular weight compound powder. Examples of the water-soluble high 
molecular weight compound are, for instance, polyvinyl alcohol (PVC) and 
its derivatives, polyacrylic acid and its salts, starch and its 
derivatives, cellulose and its derivatives, and the like. Among them, PVA 
is preferably used from the viewpoint of excellent binding property. 
In the present invention, before mixing the high water-absorbent resin 
powder with the water-soluble high molecular weight, a sorbitan surfactant 
having an HLB (hydrophile-lypophile balance) of 2.0 to 4.7 dissolved in an 
organic solvent may be mixed with the high water-absorbent resin powder 
When the mixing as mentioned above is conducted, even if adding water to 
the mixture of the high water-absorbent resin powder and the water-soluble 
high molecular weight compound powder, the final resin particles have no 
block. 
Examples of the sorbican surfactants having an HLB of 2.0 to 4.7 are, for 
instance, sorbican monostearate, sorbitan distearate, sorbitan monooleate, 
sorbitan dioleate, and the like. Among them, sorbitan monostearate and 
sorbitan distearate are preferable from the viewpoint of no coloring and 
no odor. 
When the HLB of the sorbitan surfactant is less than 2.0, it tends to lower 
the rate of water absorption of the final water-absorbent resin particles. 
On the other hand, when the HLB is more than 4.7, it is impossible to 
uniformly mix the high water-absorbent resin powder with water when adding 
water to the resin powder with the surfactant, due to the small 
hydrophobic property of the surfactant. 
The amount of the surfactant is from 50 to 5000 ppm, preferably from 100 to 
1500 ppm, more preferably from 150 to 1000 ppm, based on the high 
water-absorbent resin powder which is the raw material. When the amount of 
the surfactant is less than 50 ppm, there is a tendency that it is 
difficult to uniformly admix the high water-absorbent resin powder with 
water. On the other hand, when the amount of the surfactant is more than 
5000 ppm, there is a tendency that the rate of water absorption is too 
slow. 
The surfactant is dissolved in the organic solvent. Examples of the organic 
solvents are, for instance, cyclohexane, hexane, benzene, toluene, xylene, 
and the like. Among them, n-hexane and cyclohexane are preferred from the 
viewpoint of easy drying after mixing. The amount of the organic solvent 
varies depending on the kinds of the high water-absorbent resin powder and 
the surfactant. Generally, the amount of the organic solvent is from 5 to 
40 parts by weight, preferably from 15 to 25 parts by weight, based on 100 
parts by weight of the high water-absorbent resin powder which is the raw 
material. 
When using the organic solvent, before mixing the resin powder with the 
water-soluble high molecular weight compound powder, it is preferable that 
the organic solvent is previously volatilized from the high 
water-absorbent resin powder in a usual manner to lower the organic 
solvent content as low as possible. The content of the organic solvent 
remaining in the water-absorbent resin powder is adjusted to not more than 
5 % by weight, preferably not more than 1 % by weight, more preferably not 
more than 0.5 % by weight. When the organic solvent content is more than 5 
% by weight, the miscibility with the water-soluble high molecular weight 
compound powder becomes poor, and the sanitation and the safety of the 
final resin particles become problematic. 
The water-soluble high molecular weight compound powder is mixed with the 
high water-absorbent resin power in an amount of 0.01 to 5 % by weight, 
preferably from 0.1 to 3 % by weight, more preferably from 0.1 to 1 % by 
weight of the high water-absorbent resin powder. When the amount of the 
water-soluble high molecular weight compound powder is less than 0.01 % by 
weight, it tends to lower the strength of the final resin particles. On 
the other hand, when the amount is more than 5 % by weight, it tends to 
lower the rate of water absorption and the water absorbency. 
After mixing the high water-absorbent resin powder with the water-soluble 
high molecular weight compound powder, water may be added to the mixture 
if necessary in order to completely dissolve the water-soluble high 
molecular weight compound powder and increase the strength of the final 
resin particles. The kind of water to be used is not particularly limited. 
It is preferable to use a deionized water. The amount of water varies 
depending on the kinds of the used high water-absorbent resin powder and 
water-soluble high molecular weight compound and cannot be decided 
unqualifiedly. In any case, the amount of water is not more than 60 % by 
weight of the high water-absorbent resin powder. 
After mixing the high water-absorbent resin powder with the water-soluble 
high molecular weight compound powder, the mixture is kneaded at room 
temperature to 80.degree. C. for 0.5 to 1 hour, and dried with heating at 
a temperature capable of dissolving the water-soluble high molecular 
weight compound or higher in the atmosphere or in vacuo to give the final 
particles of the high water-absorbent resin. It is preferable that the 
mixture is dried at a temperature of 50.degree. to 80.degree. C. for 1 to 
2 hours in the atmosphere then is dried at a temperature of 50.degree. to 
90.degree. C. for 1 to 2 hours in vacuo. 
The particle size and shape of the final particles are not particularly 
limited Generally, a particle size of about 12 to 100 mesh is preferred. 
The thus obtained particles of the high water-absorbent resin have no block 
and have scarcely the solvent, so are sanitary and safe. Further, the 
final particles have few fine particles, and have useful particle size 
such as about 12 to 100 mesh. Moreover, the particles are remarkably 
improved in rate of water absorption in comparison with the conventional 
particles. 
The present invention is more specifically described and explained by means 
of the following Examples wherein all per cents and parts are by weight 
unless otherwise noted. It is to be understood that the present invention 
is not limited to the Examples, and various changes and modifications may 
be made in the invention without departing from the spirit and scope 
thereof.

REFERENCE EXAMPLE 1 
Preparation of fine particles of sodium polyacrylate by reversed phase 
suspension polymerization 
A 500 ml beaker was charged with 100 g of acrylic acid, and it was 
neutralized with 157 g of a 25.9 aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide at 
not more than 35.degree. C. under cooling to give an aqueous solution of 
partially neutralized acrylic acid wherein 73 % by mole of acrylic acid 
was neutralized. A 300 ml dropping funnel was charged with the obtained 
aqueous solution of partially neutralized acrylic acid and it was bubbled 
for 30 minutes by using nitrogen gas. Then, to the aqueous solution were 
added 3 m: of a 7 % aqueous solution of APS (ammonium persulfate) and 1 m: 
of a 1 % aqueous solution of N,N'-methylenebis(acrylamide), and the 
mixture was thoroughly mixed to give a mixed aqueous solution of the 
aqueous solution of the partially neutralized acrylic acid, APS and 
N,N'-methylenebis(acrylamide). 
Separately, a 2 : separable flask was charged with 760 m.+-.of cyclohexane, 
in which 4 g of sorbitan monostearate having an HLB of 4.7 was dissolved. 
Then the cyclohexane solution of sorbitan monostearate was bubbled at 
25.degree. C. for 30 minutes by using nitrogen gas (total volume of 
nitrogen gas: 10 :) to remove dissolved oxygen in the solution and air in 
the space of the flask from the flask. The internal temperature of the 
flask was raised to 72.degree. C., and the mixed aqueous solution of the 
aqueous solution of the partially neutralized acrylic acid, APS and 
N,N'-methylenebis(acrylamide) obtained as above was added dropwise over 1 
hour to the separable flask with stirring to polymerize. Further the 
polymerization was continued at 72.degree. C. over 3 hour to complete the 
polymerization. Then, the polymerization mixture was cooled down to room 
temperature and the produced particles were filtered off from the 
polymerization mixture by using a 325-mesh wire net. Then, the particles 
were dried at 90.degree. C. for 0.5 hour in vacuo to give a high 
water-absorbent resin powder, which was a crosslinked sodium polyacrylate 
having a water content of 35 %. The high water-absorbent resin powder was 
in the form of pearly particles and had an average particle size of 110 
.mu.m. 
REFERENCE EXAMPLE 2 
Preparation of sodium polyacrylate by aqueous solution polymerization in 
static state 
The same mixed aqueous solution of the aqueous solution of partially 
neutralized acrylic acid, ASP and N,N'-methylenebis(acrylamide) as 
obtained in Reference Example 1 was obtained in the same manner as in 
Reference Example 1. 
Separately, an open side (upper side) of a flat bottom stainless steel vat 
(200 mm.times. 150 mm) was completely sealed with a polyester sheet, and a 
hole having a diameter of about 10 mm.phi. was made on the center of the 
sheet. A rubber hosepipe was attached to the vat through the hole, and 
nitrogen gas was supplied to the vat via the hosepipe to thoroughly 
substitute nitrogen gas for air in the space of the vat. 
The mixed aqueous solution obtained as above was poured into the vat, then 
the vat was dipped in a warm bath having a temperature of 60.degree. C., 
and the polymerization was conducted. After about 10 minutes, the internal 
temperature of the vat reached to the maximum temperature, 105.degree. C. 
The vat was dipped in a warm bath having a temperature of 60.degree. C. 
over 2 hours, then was cooled down to a temperature of 30.degree. C. to 
give a sheet of a crosslinked sodium polyacrylate. The obtained sheet was 
taken out from the vat, and was cut off with scissors to give chips. The 
chips were dried in a vacuum drier having a temperature of 90.degree. C. 
for 30 minutes. The dried chips were pulverized by using a pulverizer and 
a powder having a particle size of 70 to 200 mesh was separated from the 
pulverized chips. 
REFERENCE EXAMPLE 3 
The procedure of Reference Example 1 was repeated except that 
N,N'-methylenebisacrylamide was not used to give pearly, fine sodium 
polyacrylate particles having an average particle size of 110 .mu.m and a 
water content of 25 %. Then, the obtained sodium polyacrylate particles 
were filtered off from the polymerization mixture under reduced pressure 
by using a Neutsche funnel, a filtering flask and a filter paper. The 
flask was charged with the obtained high water-absorbent resin powder and 
1 l of cyclohexane, and the mixture was stirred at 30.degree. C. for 30 
minutes and was filtered under reduced pressure by using a Neutsche 
funnel, a filtering flask and a filter paper. The procedure of the 
addition of cyclohexane to the resin powder, then the stirring of the 
mixture and finally the filtration was repeated 5 times to completely 
remove sorbitan monostearate from the obtained resin powder. 
EXAMPLE 1 
A 1 l kneader was charged with 200 g of the crosslinked sodium polyacrylate 
in the state of fine particles having an average particle size of 110 
.mu.m, obtained in Reference Example 1, to which 1.0 g of PVA particles 
(commercially available from Nippon Gohsei Kagaku Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha, 
passing through 150 mesh seive, degree of hydrolysis: not less than 99.6 % 
by mole, average degree of polymerization 1800) was added with kneading 
and the mixture was kneaded for 30 minutes. Then, the temperature was 
raised to 70.degree. C. and the mixture was maintained at 70.degree. C. 
for 1 hour. After opening the lid of the kneader, the mixture was dried 
for 1 hour in the atmosphere, then dried at 90.degree. C. for 1.5 hours in 
a vacuum drier to give particles of the high water-absorbent resin. 
As to the high water-absorbent resin powder, the water content was measured 
as follows. 
Water content (%) 
An aluminum foil cup (80 mm.phi..times.30 mmH) was charged with 10 g of a 
high water-absorbent resin powder to be measured the water content, and it 
was dried at 90.degree. C. for 4 hours in a vacuum drier. The water 
content was calculated according to the following equation. 
##EQU1## 
The obtained particles were separated by using a 12-mesh wire net and a 
100-mesh wire net. As a result, it was confirmed that useful particles 
having a particle size of 12 mesh to 100 mesh account for 94 % of the 
total of the obtained particles, that is, the process for preparing 
particles of the present invention was excellent in granulation property. 
As to the resin particles having a particle size of 12 to 100 mesh, the 
ratio of synthetic urine absorption, the absorption ratio, and the urine 
diffusion were measured as follows 
The results are shown in Table 1 with the particle size distribution of the 
final particles. 
Rate of synthetic urine absorption (g/g 3 minutes) 
As to the final particles having a particle size of 12 to 100 mesh, the 
rate of synthetic urine absorption was measured according to a tea bag 
method. 
Absorption ratio concerning physiological saline water or deionized water 
(times) 
To a 500 ml beaker were added 0.2 g of the dried final resin particles and 
60 g of physiological saline water (0.9 % aqueous solution of sodium 
chloride) or 200 g of deionized water. After the mixture was lightly 
stirred with a glass bar, it was allowed to stand for 1 hour at room 
temperature, and the particles were filtered off through a 325-mesh wire 
net. The weight of the gel remaining on the net was measured and the 
absorption ratio was calculated according to the following equation. 
##EQU2## 
Urine diffusion (mm) 
Five grams of the final resin particles were uniformly scattered on the 
center of a sheet of a fleecy pulp (length: 120 mm, width: 280 mm, 
thickness: 5 mm) in an area of 100 mm .times.240 mm, on which the same 
sheet as above was placed, and the surface was lightly pressed to give a 
diaper for testing 
A dropping funnel was attached to the center of the diaper for testing and 
200 m: of the synthetic urine was poured into the diaper. After 30 minutes 
the upper fleecy pulp sheet was removed, the length [diffusion length 
(mm)]of the area wherein the swollen resin particles with the synthetic 
urine were placed was measured. The urine diffusion is an important 
physical property, as to goods having an absorption band such as diapers, 
because the longer the diffusion length, the more excellent the absorption 
of the high water-absorbent resin particles. 
EXAMPLE 2 
Particles of a high water-absorbent resin were prepared in the same manner 
as in Example 1 except that 2 g of sodium polyacrylate (commercially 
available under the trade mark "A-20P3", from Toa Gohsei Kagaku Kogyo 
Kabushiki Kaisha, passing through 110 mesh seive, average degree of 
polymerization: 40000) was used instead of the PVA particles. 
As to the particles, the physical properties were measured in the same 
manner as in Example 1. 
The results are shown in Table 1 with the particle size distribution. 
EXAMPLE 3 
A 1 l kneader was charged with 200 g of the sodium polyacrylate in the 
state of fine particles having a water content of 25 % and an average 
particle size of u 110 .mu.m, obtained in Reference Example 3, and a 
solution composed of 0.1 g of sorbitan monostearate having an HLB of 4.7, 
0.04 g of an epoxy compound having the formula: 
##STR2## 
and 50 g of cyclohexane was added to the kneader. After mixing, 
cyclohexane was removed from the mixture at 40.degree. C. under reduced 
pressure to give the sodium polyacrylate powder having the cyclohexane 
content of not more than 0.5 %. 
Then, the same PVA particles as used in Example 1 was added to the kneader 
in an amount of 2.0 g and 30 g of deionized water was added thereto, and 
the mixture was kneaded at 75.degree. C. for 1 hour. It was dried for 1 
hour in the atmosphere, opening the lid of the kneader, then dried at 
90.degree. C. for 1.5 hours in a vacuum drier to give particles of the 
high water-absorbent resin 
The content of remaining cyclohexane in sodium polyacrylate powder was 
calculated as follows 
Content of remaining solvent (%) 
A 30 ml glass bottle was charged with 1 g of a high water-absorbent resin 
powder to be measured the content of the solvent remaining therein, to 
which 10 ml of methanol was added, and the flask was allowed to stand for 
3 hour while it was lightly shaked at intervals. The content of the 
solvent remaining in the high water-absorbent resin powder was measured by 
gas chromatography of the supernatant liquid in the flask. 
EXAMPLE 4 
The procedure of Example 3 was repeated except that a high water-absorbent 
resin powder having a water content shown in Table 1 was used and PVA was 
used in an amount shown in Table 1 to give particles of high 
water-absorbent resin. 
As to the obtained particles, the physical properties were measured in the 
same manner as in Example 1. 
The results are shown in Table 1 with the particle size distribution. 
EXAMPLES 5 and 6 
The procedure of Example 1 was repeated except that a high water-absorbent 
resin powder having a water content shown in Table 1 was used and PVA 
particles were used in an amount shown in Table 1 to give particles of 
high water-absorbent resin. 
As to the obtained particles, the physical properties were measured in the 
same manner as in Example 1. 
The results are shown in Table 1 with the particle size distribution. 
COMATIVE EXAMPLES 1 AND 2 
The procedure of Example 1 was repeated except that as the high 
water-absorbent resin powder, one having a water content of 5 %, which was 
obtained by drying the crosslinked sodium polyacrylate powder obtained in 
Reference Example 1 (Comparative Example 1), or one having a water content 
of 5 %, which was obtained by drying the crosslinked sodium polyacrylate 
powder obtained in Reference Example 2 (Comparative Example 2) to give 
particles of high water-absorbent resin. 
As to the obtained particles, the physical properties were measured in the 
same manner as in Example 1. 
The results are shown in Table 1 with the particle size distribution. 
TABLE 1 
______________________________________ 
Water-soluble high 
Water content of 
molecular Amount 
the high water- 
weight compound of the 
Ex. absorbent resin Amount surfactant 
No. powder (%) Kind (%)*.sup.2 
(%)*.sup.2 
______________________________________ 
Ex. 1 35 PVA 0.5 -- 
Ex. 2 35 Sodium 1.0 -- 
polyacrylate 
Ex. 3 25 PVA 1.0 0.05 
Ex. 4 25 PVA 0.5 0.05 
Ex. 5 55 PVA 0.5 -- 
Ex. 6 35 PVA 0.05 -- 
Com. 5 PVA 0.5 -- 
Ex. 1 
Com. 5 PVA 0.5 -- 
Ex. 2 
______________________________________ 
Particle size distribution of 
Physical properties 
the final particles of the final particles 
More From 12 to 
Less than 
Rate of synthetic 
Ex. than 12 100 mesh 100 mesh 
urine absorption 
No. mesh (%) (%) (%) (g/g .multidot. 3 minutes) 
______________________________________ 
Ex. 1 4 94 2 35 
Ex. 2 5 93 2 30 
Ex. 3 5 94 1 35 
Ex. 4 0 65 35 35 
Ex. 5 30 68 2 34 
Ex. 6 3 85 12 34 
Com. 0 5 95 5 
Ex. 1 
Com. 0 25 75 5 
Ex. 2 
______________________________________ 
Physical properties of the final particles 
Absorption ratio (times) 
Ex. Physiological saline 
Urine 
No. Deionized water 
water diffusion (mm) 
______________________________________ 
Ex. 1 600 53 170 
Ex. 2 650 55 160 
Ex. 3 650 55 200 
Ex. 4 600 53 160 
Ex. 5 600 53 170 
Ex. 6 600 53 170 
Com. 600 53 120 
Ex. 1 
Com. 630 53 110 
Ex. 2 
______________________________________ 
(Notes) 
*.sup.1 % based on the powder of the high waterabsorbent resin (raw 
material) 
*.sup.2 % based on the powder of the high waterabsorbent resin (raw 
material) 
The results of Table 1 show that as to the particles of the high 
water-absorbent resin obtained in Examples 1-6, particles having a useful 
particle size of 12 to 100 mesh account for not less than 65 % of the 
total of the obtained final particles, and they are more excellent in 
granulation property than those obtained in Comparative Examples 1 and 2. 
Moreover, the final particles obtained in Examples 1 to 6 are remarkably 
superior in rate of synthetic urine absorption, absorption ratio 
concerning deionized water, absorption ratio concerning physiological 
saline water and urine diffusion to the final particles obtained in 
Comparative Examples 1 and 2. 
According to the process of the invention, the obtained particles have no 
block; since the solvent remains scarcely in the particles, the particles 
are sanitary and safe; since the obtained particles have few fine 
particles and have a useful particle size distribution, goods produced by 
using the particles do not lose in weight and the working surrounding is 
not made bad; and since the particles are excellent in miscibility, 
dispersibility and fluidity, bridging or flushing is scarcely caused in a 
hopper and dissolved lumps of the particles are not produced. Further, the 
particles are suitable for various use in sanitary goods and 
water-retaining agents or soil conditioners in the fields of agriculture 
and horticulture because of higher rate of water absorption compared to 
conventional goods in addition to the excellent properties as mentioned 
above. 
In addition to the ingredients used in the Examples, other ingredients can 
be used in the Examples as set forth in the specification to obtain 
substantially the same results.