Drawing board

A drawing board suitable for use in preparing perspective drawings is provided with a pair of arcuate guide surfaces facing towards one another and situated towards one side of the drawing board, with a recess or depression between the arcuate guide surfaces, so that a drawing instrument having projections capable of engaging the arcuate guide surfaces, can be readily moved from one arcuate guide surface to the other to enable the drawing instrument to point towards vanishing points on either side of the drawing board. The drawing board may have straight guide edges, as well as additional arcuate guide edges, one of which may be directed towards a central vanishing point. The multi-purpose board can be used to produce various types of perspective drawings and seven vanishing points are shown.

This invention relates to drawing boards, and has particular application to 
the production of perspective drawings. 
In producing perspective drawings, it is necessary to draw lines which 
converge towards a vanishing point. The vanishing point may be within the 
frame of a picture, and thus within the confines of a drawing board, or 
may be outside the board depending upon the type of picture required. For 
example, in drawing the interior of a room, or drawing a landscape, the 
straight edges of objects in the picture are drawn as converging towards a 
central vanishing point. On the other hand, when drawing a close-up of an 
object, or drawing a building, the straight edges of the object are seen 
to converge towards different vanishing points outside the frame of the 
picture. 
Many different attempts have been made to assist draughtsmen in drawing 
lines converging towards different vanishing points. U.S. Pat. Nos. 
3,300,863 and 3,646,683 show different types of draughting machines having 
complicated moving parts, the inter-action of which assists the 
draughtsman in drawing lines converging towards different vanishing 
points. These however are complicated to manufacture and use. U.S. Pat. 
No. 2,412,194 describes a perspective drawing board having three concave 
arcuate edges acting as guide means for a special T-square, so that 
movement of the T-square along the arcuate guide edges will cause the 
T-square to point towards different vanishing points outside the drawing 
board. The concave nature of the guide edges, restricts the available 
working area of the board, and at the same time, the T-square must be 
moved bodily from one guide edge to another as the different lines are 
drawn. U.S. Pat. Nos. 2,876,547 and 3,492,727 describe the use of concave 
arcuate recesses within the boundaries of the drawing board to assist in 
guiding special T-squares to point towards vanishing points outside the 
edges of the drawing board. U.S. Pat. Nos. 1,969,758, 2,768,444 and 
3,464,117 disclose the use of arcuate templates, which can be positioned 
on the drawing board, or in the case of U.S. Pat. No. 3,464,117, outside 
the drawing board, to assist in guiding special T-squares towards 
different vanishing points. These prior art arrangements require the user 
to bodily move his special T-square and/or the templates from one side of 
the board to the other, as different lines are to be drawn, and in some 
cases require the use of templates protruding above the surface of the 
board thereby interfering with the free use of the drawing surface. 
It is an object of this invention to provide an improved drawing board 
suitable for use in the preparation of perspective drawings, or which will 
at least provide the public with a useful choice. 
In one aspect, the invention provides a drawing board having a drawing 
surface and guide means for drawing instruments flush with or below the 
plane of the drawing surface, said guide means including a pair of arcs 
situated on one side of the board each arc defining a different vanishing 
point and a recess between the arcuate guide means to enable a drawing 
instrument positioned partly within said recess to be moved from one arc 
to the other to enable lines to be drawn towards the different vanishing 
points. 
Other aspects of this invention, which should be considered in all its 
novel aspects, will become apparent from the following description, which 
is given by way of example only, with reference to the accompanying 
drawings, in which:

The drawing board of FIG. 1 has a drawing surface 10 bounded by straight 
edges 11 and 12, at right angles to one another. 
A recessed area 13 is provided adjacent one edge of the board, and bounded 
by a pair of arcs 14, 15 facing towards one another. This recess 13 may be 
a depression in the surface of the board, or may be a slot or aperture 
passing through the board. Arc 14 has its centre at a vanishing point VP2 
to the right of the drawing board. Arc 15 has a shorter radius of 
curvature, being centred on a vanishing point, VP1 to the left of the 
drawing board. The outer portions of the recess 13 are conveniently 
defined by arc 14, and a secondary arc 16 concentric with arc 14. 
An elongate drawing instrument 20, has a pair of downward projections 21 
adjacent one end thereof capable of fitting within the recess 13 of the 
board. A slot 22 is provided in the instrument, defining a guide edge 23 
equi-distant between the projections 21. A handle or knob 24 may be 
provided on the upper face of the instrument. 
By placing the drawing instrument on the drawing board with its projecting 
portions 21 fitted within the recess 13, movement of the drawing 
instrument 20 can be guided by the projecting portions 21 abutting against 
arc 14 thereby allowing the guide edge 23 to be used in drawing lines 
directed towards the vanishing point VP2. By simply moving the drawing 
instrument within the recess, the projecting portions 21 can be abutted 
against the arc 15, thereby allowing the guide edge 23 to be used to draw 
lines pointing towards the vanishing point VP1. By this means, the drawing 
board can be used to quickly and easily produce drawings having two 
vanishing points outside the frame of the board. Such drawings are 
frequently required for architectural purposes, when showing the outside 
of a building, with the two sides of the building appearing to converge 
toward two different vanishing points. 
The drawing board may be provided with scales thereon. Conveniently, a pair 
of scales A1, A2 are provided at right angles to one another, each of 
these scales having equal intervals. In addition, a scale B is provided 
having intervals of unequal length diminishing towards the vanishing 
points VP1 and VP2. This scale can be considered to be made up of two 
separate scales starting from a point midway between VP1 and VP2, with the 
intervals then diminishing as they approach their respective vanishing 
point. 
Scales A1 and A2 can be used to define the frame of the picture, and 
horizontal and vertical measurements can be taken from scales A1 and A2, 
marked onto the frame of the picture, and then projected towards the 
relevant vanishing points. Distances into the picture towards the 
vanishing point can be measured using scale B. 
Turning now to FIG. 3, there is illustrated a modified drawing instrument, 
suitable for use with the drawing board of FIG. 5. This drawing instrument 
25 has a pair of upwardly and downwardly projecting portions 26, a slot 27 
defining a guide edge 28, and an external guide edge 29 at an angle to the 
guide edge 28. Preferably the angle x between the guide edges 28 and 29, 
is 30.degree., to enable the drawing instrument to be used in drawing 
"isometric-type" perspective drawings. 
Turning now to FIG. 5, there is illustrated a composite drawing board 
having a drawing surface 30 surrounded by a recessed portion 31. A pair of 
additional recessed portions 32, 33 are provided adjacent opposite side 
edges of the board. Conveniently, the board is rectangular in outline, 
having straight side edges 34, 35 at right angles to one another. This 
enables the board to be reversed, and used as a plain drawing board having 
a flat reverse face (not shown). The drawing instruments 20 and 25 can 
also be used on the reverse face of the drawing board, in the manner of 
"T-squares." 
The recessed area 31 is defined by arcs 14,15 having vanishing points VP1 
and VP2 corresponding to those of FIG. 1. In addition, the recess 31 is 
defined by straight edges 36, 37, 38 at right angles to one another and 
parallel to the outside edges of the board. The inner edge of the recess 
31 which is partly defined by the concave arc 15, is also defined by a 
convex arc 40 extending for more than one-half the circumference of a 
circle, centred on a central vanishing point VP3, preferably at the centre 
of the drawing board. Conveniently, vanishing points VP1, VP3 and VP2 are 
all situated on a common line. 
The recessed portion 32 is defined by an arc 41 centred on vanishing point 
VP4. Similarly, arc 42 at the opposite edge of the board, is centred on 
vanishing point VP5. 
The raised area 44 surrounding the recessed area 31 is preferably flush 
with the plane of the drawing surface 30 to provide additional support for 
drawing instruments spanning the recessed area 31. 
Scales of equal interval, A1 and A2 are provided on the board, together 
with a scale B for use in conjunction with the guide edges 14 and 15. A 
scale C having intervals diminishing from the outside ends thereof towards 
the centre can be used in conjunction with the guide edge 40 for drawings 
having a central vanishing point VP3. An additional scale D having 
intervals diminishing from the centre thereof towards each end can be used 
in conjunction with guide edges 41 and 42 and is particularly suitable for 
use with "isometric-type" perspective drawings. Preferably, symbols 50, 51 
and 52 are marked on the board to indicate the preferred orientation of 
the board when used for a particular type of perspective drawing. These 
symbols may also be coded in association with the various scales. For 
example, the board shown in FIG. 5 is oriented with the symbol 50 
uppermost, and this shows that in this orientation, the board can be used 
in conjunction with guide edges 14 and 15 to produce an architectural type 
perspective drawing making use of the vanishing points VP1 and VP2. 
Additional vanishing points can be created by utilising an instrument such 
as that shown in FIG. 3. 
By turning the board anti-clockwise through 90.degree., symbol 51 is then 
uppermost. In this orientation, "isometric-type" perspective drawings can 
be used utilising the guide edges 41 and 42, in conjunction with the 
instrument 25. By utilising the guide edge 29, this enables lines to be 
drawn towards the vanishing points VP6 and VP7 situated 30.degree. above 
the vanishing points VP4 and VP5. The 30.degree. angle of the guide edge 
29 has been chosen as this enables the instrument to be used in 
conjunction with standard templates containing ellipses for isometric 
drawings. This enables a draughtsman to produce convincing perspective 
drawings incorporating circular shapes. Different angles x for the 
instrument 25 can be chosen depending upon the type of drawing and 
available templates for ellipses. 
By rotating the drawing board through a further 90.degree. anti-clockwise, 
symbol 52 will be uppermost. By using the arcuate guide edge 40, drawings 
having a central vanishing point VP3 can be produced. Examples of such 
drawings, are landscapes, and drawings of the interior of a room. These 
drawings can be readily produced by moving the instrument 20 around the 
guide edge 40, so that the edge 23 of the slot will always point towards 
the central vanishing point VP3. If horizontal or vertical lines are to be 
drawn, the instrument can be readily moved across the recess 31 until its 
projecting portions abut against the straight edges 36, 37 or 38. The 
scale C can be used in conjunction with the guide edge 40 to calculate 
distances into the picture towards the vanishing point VP3. 
The drawing board of FIG. 1 or FIG. 5 can be produced of any convenient 
material, whether machined from a flat sheet, e.g. by routing of wood, 
plastics, or particle board, or by moulding into the required shape, e.g. 
by injection moulding or vacuum forming of a plastics material. 
If desired, the pair of arcs 14, 15, may be provided in a portion of board 
as an attachment to an existing drawing board. Such an attachment could be 
fixed to the rear face of an existing drawing board, so that the surface 
of the attachment lies below, or flush with, the working surface of the 
existing board. 
It will be noted that the arcuate guide means do not protrude above the 
plane of the drawing surface, and thus cannot interfere with the motion of 
a draughting machine if such is attached to the drawing board. 
Finally, it will be appreciated that various alterations or modifications 
may be made to the foregoing without departing from the scope of this 
invention as exemplified by the following claims.