Display apparatus

A display apparatus includes a display element, a micro lens array, and a first light shielding element. The display element provides sub-image beams. The micro lens array is located in a transmission path of the sub-image beams, and has optical regions and first connection portions. Each first connecting portion is adapted to connect at least two adjacent optical regions, and each optical region is adapted to allow each sub-image beam to penetrate. The first light shielding element is located between the display element and the micro lens array, and has first light shielding regions and first light transmission regions. Each first light transmission region is disposed corresponding to each optical region and is adapted to allow each sub-image beam to penetrate. Each first light-shielding region is disposed corresponding to each first connecting portion and is adapted to prevent each sub-image beams from passing through each first connecting portion.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION

This application claims the priority benefit of Taiwan application serial no. 108110872, filed on Mar. 28, 2019. The entirety of the above-mentioned patent application is hereby incorporated by reference herein and made a part of this specification.

BACKGROUND

Field of the Invention

The invention is directed to a display apparatus and more particularly, to a near eye display (NED) apparatus.

Description of Related Art

Along with development of display techniques and people's desire for high technology, near eye displays (NEDs) and head-mounted displays (HMDs) are products with great potential at present. Regarding applications related to the near eye display technique, the currently may be categorized into an augmented reality (AR) technique and a virtual reality (VR) technique. Therein, light field near eye displays (LFNEDs), as having current light field information, can solve an issue of vergence-accommodation conflict (VAC) to provide in-depth image information and can be applied to the AR technique and the VR technique of the near eye display techniques.

Generally, the LFNEDs can be categorized into two structures, i.e., a space-multiplexing structure and a time-multiplexing structure. A time-multiplexing LFNED uses a microelectromechanical device to change a location of a virtual image, thereby changing clearness degrees of foreground and background scenes, while a space-multiplexing LFNED uses a micro light-emitting diode (micro-LED), a micro organic light-emitting diode (micro-OLED) and a liquid crystal display (LCD) or other display elements to stack sub-images through an optical element (e.g., a miro-lens array) on a retina of a user to form a disparity image, such that the user may view an in-depth image screen, which is referred to as an integral imaging technique.

However, in the currently existing integral imaging technique using the micro lens array, a junction of each sub-lens in the micro lens array usually has fillets in actual manufacturing or imperfect surfaces produced during other manufacturing processes, such that optical inactive regions incapable of achieving an originally schemed optical function may be produced. When light hits the optical inactive regions, the light cannot be propagated along a designed path, and stray light is formed, which causes degradation of imaging quality.

SUMMARY

The invention provides a display apparatus capable of displaying a light field image with high image quality.

Other features and advantages of the invention can be further understood by the technical features disclosed in the invention.

To achieve one, part, or all of the objectives aforementioned or other objectives, an embodiment of the invention provides a display apparatus. The display apparatus is adapted to be disposed in front of at least one eye of a user and includes a display element, a micro lens array and a first light shielding element. The display element is configured to provide a plurality of sub-image beams. The micro lens array is located in a transmission path of the sub-image beams, wherein the micro lens array has a plurality of optical regions and a plurality of first connection portions. Each of the first connecting portions is adapted to connect at least two adjacent optical regions, and each of the optical regions is adapted to allow each of the sub-image beams to penetrate. The first light shielding element is located between the display element and the micro lens array, wherein the first light shielding element has a plurality of first light shielding regions and a plurality of first light transmission regions. Each of the first light transmission regions is disposed corresponding to each of the optical regions and is adapted to allow each of the sub-image beams to pass through. Each of the first light-shielding regions is disposed corresponding to each of the first connecting portions and is adapted to prevent each of the sub-image beams from passing through each of the first connecting portions.

In an embodiment of the invention, each of the first light shielding regions is located on a surface of the first light shielding element facing the micro lens array.

In an embodiment of the invention, each of the optical regions has a first surface and a second surface opposite to each other, the first surface faces the display element, and the micro lens array further has a plurality of second connection portions. Each of the first connecting portions is adapted to connect the first surfaces of at least two adjacent ones of the optical regions, and each of the second connecting portions is adapted to connect the second surfaces of at least two adjacent ones of the optical regions.

In an embodiment of the invention, there is a plurality of first pitches between the first connection portions, and there is a plurality of second pitches between the second connection portions. The first pitches are the same as each other, the second pitches are the same as each other, and each of the first pitches and each of the second pitches are different from each other.

In an embodiment of the invention, there is a plurality of first pitches between the first connection portions, there is a plurality of second pitches between the second connection portions, and at least a part of the first pitches are different from each other, or at least a part of the second pitches are different from each other.

In an embodiment of the invention, each of the first light shielding regions is disposed corresponding to each of the first connection portions and each of the second connection portions and is adapted to prevent each adjacent sub-image beams from passing through each of the first connection portions and each of the second connection portions.

In an embodiment of the invention, the first light shielding element further includes a plurality of second light shielding regions, and each of the second light shielding regions is located on a surface of the first light shielding element facing the micro lens array and is disposed corresponding to each of the second connecting portions to be adapted to prevent each of the sub-image beams from passing through each of the second connecting portions.

In an embodiment of the invention, there is a third pitch between the adjacent first light shielding regions, a second light shielding region is located between two of the first light shielding regions and is apart from the more adjacent one of the first light shielding regions by a fourth pitch, and the fourth pitch is smaller than one third of the third pitch.

In an embodiment of the invention, each of the first light shielding regions has a first lateral displacement with respect to the corresponding first connection portion in a direction far away from a main optical axis, a size of the first lateral displacement is smaller than one third of the first pitch between the corresponding first connection portion and the adjacent first connection portion, each of the second light shielding regions has a second lateral displacement with respect to the corresponding second connection portion in a direction close to the main optical axis, and a size of the second lateral displacement is smaller than one third of the second pitch between the corresponding second connection portion and the adjacent second connection portion, wherein a direction of the main optical axis is an extending direction of a central line of a view angle of the display apparatus.

In an embodiment of the invention, each of the first light-shielding regions has a first width, and the first width is smaller than one third of the first pitch between the corresponding first connection portion and the adjacent first connection portion. Each of the second light-shielding regions has a second width, and the second width is smaller than one third of the second pitch between the corresponding second connection portion and the adjacent second connection portion.

In an embodiment of the invention, the first light shielding element includes a light-transmissive first substrate and a light-absorbing material, the light-absorbing material is disposed corresponding to the first light shielding regions and the second light shielding regions to form a plurality of first light shielding portions in the first light shielding regions and form a plurality of second light shielding portions in the second light shielding regions, and regions of the first substrate on which the light-absorbing material does not cover form a plurality of first light transmission portions in the first light transmission regions.

In an embodiment of the invention, the first light shielding element includes an opaque first substrate, and the first substrate has a plurality of through holes. The through holes are disposed corresponding to the first light shielding regions to form a plurality of first light transmission portions in the first light shielding regions. A body of the first substrate forms a plurality of first light shielding portions in the first light shielding region and a plurality of second light shielding portions in the second light shielding regions.

In an embodiment of the invention, the display apparatus further includes a second light shielding element. The second light shielding element is located between the micro lens array and at least one eye of the user, wherein the second light shielding element includes a plurality of second light shielding regions and a plurality of second light transmission regions. Each of the second light transmission regions is disposed corresponding to each of the optical regions and is adapted to allow each of the sub-image beams to pass through. Each of the second light shielding regions is adapted to prevent each of the sub-image beams passing through each of the second connection portions from being transmitted to the at least one eye of the user.

In an embodiment of the invention, each of the second light shielding regions is located on a surface of the second light shielding element facing the micro lens array.

In an embodiment of the invention, each of the first connection portions corresponds to each of the second connection portions, each of the first light shielding regions corresponds to each of the second light shielding regions, each of the second light shielding regions has a third lateral displacement with respect to the corresponding first connection portion in a direction far away from a main optical axis, and a size of the third lateral displacement is smaller than one third of the first pitch between the corresponding first connection portion and the adjacent first connection portion, wherein a direction of the main optical axis is an extending direction of a central line of a view angle of the display apparatus.

In an embodiment of the invention, at least a part of each of the second light shielding regions overlaps with the corresponding first light shielding region.

In an embodiment of the invention, each of the first light-shielding regions has a first width, and the first width is smaller than one third of the first pitch between the corresponding first connection portion and the adjacent first connection portion. Each of the second light-shielding regions has a second width, and the second width is smaller than one third of the second pitch between the corresponding second connection portion and the adjacent second connection portion.

In an embodiment of the invention, the second light shielding element includes a light-transmissive second substrate and a light-absorbing material. The light-absorbing material is disposed corresponding to the second light shielding regions to form a plurality of second light shielding portions in the second light shielding regions, and regions of the second substrate on which the light-absorbing material does not cover form a plurality of second light transmission portions in the second light transmission regions.

In an embodiment of the invention, the second light shielding element includes an opaque second substrate, and the second substrate has a plurality of through holes. The through holes are disposed corresponding to second light shielding regions to form a plurality of second light transmission portions in the second light shielding regions, and a body of the second substrate forms a plurality of second light shielding portions in the second light shielding regions.

In an embodiment of the invention, wherein each of the first light-shielding regions has a first width, and the first width is smaller than one third of the first pitch between the corresponding first connection portion and the adjacent first connection portion.

In an embodiment of the invention, each of the first light shielding regions has a first lateral displacement with respect to the corresponding first connection portion in a direction far away from a main optical axis, and a size of the first lateral displacement is smaller than one third of the first pitch between the corresponding first connection portion and the adjacent first connection portion, wherein a direction of the main optical axis is an extending direction of a central line of a view angle of the display apparatus.

In an embodiment of the invention, the first light shielding element includes a light-transmissive first substrate and a light-absorbing material, the light-absorbing material is disposed corresponding to the second light shielding regions to form a plurality of first light shielding portions in the first light shielding regions, and regions of the first substrate on which the light-absorbing material does not cover form a plurality of first light transmission portions in the first light transmission regions.

In an embodiment of the invention, the first light shielding element includes an opaque first substrate, and the first substrate has a plurality of through holes. The through holes are disposed corresponding to the first light shielding regions to form a plurality of first light transmission portions in the first light shielding regions. A body of the first substrate forms a plurality of first light shielding portions in the first light shielding region.

To sum up, the embodiments of the invention can achieve at least one of the following advantages or effects. In the embodiments of the invention, in the display apparatus, each of the first light shielding regions can be disposed on an optical path of each of the sub-image beams heading for each of the first connection portions. Thereby, each of the sub-image beams traveling toward each of the first connection portions can be blocked by each of the first light shielding regions and be prevented from passing through each of the first connection portions. In this way, each of the sub-image beams can be prevented from being refracted or scattered by optical inactive regions of the first connection portions, such that the occurrence of stray light can be mitigated to improve image quality. Moreover, the display apparatus can also improve the image quality by the additionally disposed second light shielding regions.

DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS

FIG. 1is a schematic diagram illustrating an optical structure of a display apparatus according to an embodiment of the invention.FIG. 2Ais a schematic side-view diagram illustrating a first light shielding element depicted inFIG. 1.FIG. 2Bis a schematic top-view diagram illustrating the first light shielding element depicted inFIG. 1. The display apparatus is adapted to be disposed in front of at least one eye (EY) of a user and may be a near eye display (NED) apparatus. Referring toFIG. 1, in the present embodiment, a display apparatus100includes a display element110, a micro lens array120and a first light shielding element130. For example, in the present embodiment, the display element110is configured to provide a plurality of sub-image beams IB. The display element110may be a micro light-emitting diode (micro-LED), a micro organic light-emitting diode (micro-OLED) and a liquid crystal display (LCD) or other display elements and may stack the sub-images through an optical element on a retina of a user to form a disparity image, such that the user may view an in-depth image screen, but the invention is not limited thereto. For example, in the present embodiment, a light-emitting angle of each sub-image beam D3ranges between +20° and −20°. It should be noted that the value range mentioned herein is used only for exemplificative description and is not intended to limit the invention.

Specifically, referring toFIG. 1andFIG. 2A, in the present embodiment, the micro lens array120is located in a transmission path of the sub-image beams IB, and the first light shielding element130is located between the display element110and the micro lens array120. Meanwhile, as illustrated inFIG. 2A, in the present embodiment, the micro lens array120has a plurality of optical regions121and a plurality of first connection portions122. Each of the first connecting portions122is adapted to connect at least two adjacent optical regions121. Each of the optical regions121is adapted to allow each of the sub-image beams IB to penetrate. Each of the optical regions121has a curvature, and each of the first connection portions122causes each of the optical regions121to generate non-continuous curved surfaces. Furthermore, the micro lens array120is formed by, for example, a plurality of lenses, and a forming method thereof includes a checkerboard arrangement, a triangle arrangement or a hexagonal arrangement, but the invention is not limited thereto. In other words, each of the first connecting portions122is connected with the adjacent optical regions121, without the number thereof being limiting, which may be connected with two optical regions121, three optical regions121or four optical regions121. Referring toFIG. 1andFIG. 2A, in the present embodiment, the first light shielding element130has a plurality of first light shielding regions132and a plurality of first light transmission regions131. Each of the first light transmission regions131is disposed corresponding to each of the optical regions121and is adapted to allow each of the sub-image beams IB to pass through. Each of the first light-shielding regions132is disposed corresponding to each of the first connecting portions122and is adapted to prevent each of the sub-image beams IB from passing through each of the first connecting portions122. More specifically, each of the first light-shielding regions132is disposed corresponding to each of the first connecting portions122and is adapted to prevent each of the sub-image beams IB from passing through each of the first connecting portions122. Moreover, as illustrated inFIG. 2A, in the present embodiment, the first light shielding regions132are located on a surface of the first light shielding element130facing the micro lens array120. For example, in the present embodiment, a minimum distance between the surface of the first light shielding element130facing the micro lens array120and the micro lens array120is less than 1.5 mm. It should be noted that the value range mentioned herein is used only for exemplificative description and is not intended to limit the invention.

Moreover, as illustrated inFIG. 2B, since the micro lens array120has an array arrangement, the first light shielding regions132formed corresponding to the first connection portions122of the micro lens array120form a mesh shape. For example, the first light shielding regions132are arranged in a manner of being gradually thickened outward from a central area of the first light shielding element130, so as to effectively block each adjacent sub-image beams IB coming from the display element110and prevent them from passing through each of the first connection portions122. Moreover, in the present embodiment, the first light shielding regions132may be formed by a light-absorbing material BM.

Specifically, as illustrated inFIG. 2A, in the present embodiment, the first light shielding element130includes a light-transmissive first substrate ST1and a light-absorbing material BM. The light-absorbing material BM is disposed corresponding to the first light shielding regions132to form a plurality of first light shielding portions BP1A in the first light shielding regions132, and regions of the first substrate ST1on which the light-absorbing material BM does not cover form a plurality of first light transmission portions TP1A in the first light transmission regions. For example, a manufacturing process of the first light shielding portions BP1A may adopt a screen printing, an ink jetting or a photolithography process, and a thickness of the first substrate ST1ranges between 0.5 mm and 1.2 mm.

Furthermore, as illustrated inFIG. 2AandFIG. 2B, in the present embodiment, each of the first light-shielding regions132has a first width W1, and the first width W1is smaller than one third of a first pitch P1between the corresponding first connection portion122and the adjacent first connection portion122. Moreover, as illustrated inFIG. 2A, each of the first light shielding regions132has a first lateral displacement D1with respect to the corresponding first connection portion122in a direction far away from a main optical axis O, and a size of the first lateral displacement D1is smaller than one third of the first pitch P1between the corresponding first connection portion122and the adjacent first connection portion122, wherein a direction of the main optical axis O is an extending direction of a main center beam of the sub-image beams IB projected by the display apparatus100.

In this way, with the first light shielding portions BP1A formed by the light-absorbing material BM, the first light shielding portions132may be formed. Meanwhile, each of the first light shielding regions132may be disposed on an optical path of each of the sub-image beams IB heading for each of the first connection portions122. In this way, each of the sub-image beams IB traveling toward each of the first connection portions122may be blocked by each of the first light shielding regions132and be prevented from passing through each of the first connection portions122. In this way, each of the sub-image beams IB may be prevented from being refracted or scattered by optical inactive regions of the first connection portions122, so as to mitigate occurrence of stray light and improve image quality.

Even though the first light shielding regions BP1A in the first light shielding regions132are described as being formed by the light-absorbing material BM as an example in the aforementioned embodiments, the invention is not limited thereto. In other embodiments, the first light shielding portions BP1A may also be formed in other manners, which will be further described with reference toFIG. 3below.

FIG. 3is a schematic side-view diagram illustrating another first light shielding element depicted inFIG. 1. Referring toFIG. 3, in the present embodiment, a first light shielding element330and the first light shielding element130illustrated inFIG. 2Aare similar, and the difference therebetween will be described below. Referring toFIG. 3, in the present embodiment, the first light shielding element330includes an opaque first substrate SB1having a plurality of through holes TH. These through holes TH are disposed corresponding to first light transmission regions331of the first light shielding element130to form a plurality of first light transmission regions TP1B in the first light transmission regions331, and a body of the first substrate SB1forms a plurality of first light shielding portions BP1B in first light shielding regions332. In other words, in the present embodiment, the body of the opaque first substrate SB1forms the first light shielding portions PB1B. For example, a manufacturing process of the first light shielding portions BP1B may adopt a photolithography and etching process or a machining process, and a thickness of the first substrate SB1may be smaller than 1 mm.

In this way, with the first light shielding portions BP1B formed by the body of the opaque first substrate SB1, the first light shielding regions332may also be formed. In addition, when the first light shielding element330is applied to the display apparatus100illustrated inFIG. 1, each of the first light shielding regions332also can be disposed on the optical path of each of the sub-image beams IB heading for each of the first connection portions122. Thereby, each of the sub-image beams D3(as shown by a dashed line) traveling toward each of the first connection portions122is blocked by each of the first light shielding regions332and be prevented from passing through each of the first connection portions122. In this way, each of the sub-image beams IB may be prevented from being refracted or scattered by the optical inactive regions of the first connection portions122to mitigate the occurrence of stray light, such that the display apparatus100may achieve the functions and effects mentioned above. Other related details will not be repeatedly described hereinafter.

FIG. 4is a schematic side-view diagram illustrating another micro lens array depicted inFIG. 1.FIG. 5Ais a schematic side-view diagram illustrating another first light shielding element depicted inFIG. 1.FIG. 5Bis a schematic top-view diagram illustrating another first light shielding element depicted inFIG. 1.FIG. 5Cis a schematic side-view diagram illustrating another first light shielding element depicted inFIG. 1. Referring toFIG. 4throughFIG. 5C, a micro lens array420of the embodiment illustrated inFIG. 4is similar to the micro lens array120illustrated inFIG. 1, a first light shielding element430of the embodiment illustrated inFIG. 5Ais similar to the first light shielding element130illustrated inFIG. 2A, and a first light shielding element530of the embodiment illustrated inFIG. 5Cis similar to the first light shielding element330illustrated inFIG. 2A. The difference among them will be described below.

Referring toFIG. 4, in the present embodiment, each optical region421has a first surface S1and a second surface S2opposite to each other, the first surface S1faces the display element110, and the micro lens array420further has a plurality of second connection portions422b. Each of the first connecting portions422ais adapted to connect the first surfaces S1of at least two adjacent optical regions421, and each of the second connecting portions422bis adapted to connect the second surfaces S2of at least two adjacent optical regions421. For example, in the present embodiment, there is a plurality of first pitches P1between the first connection portions422a, and there is a plurality of second pitches P2between the second connection portions422b. The first pitches P1are the same as each other, the second pitches P2are the same as each other, and each of the first pitches P1and each of the second pitches P2are different, but the invention is not limited thereto. In other embodiments, at least a part of the first pitches P1between the first connection portions422amay be different from each other. Meanwhile, at least a part of the second pitches P2between the second connection portions422bmay be different from each other.

Furthermore, in the present embodiment, since each of the optical regions421of the micro lens array420has both the first connection portion422and the second connection portion422brespectively on the first surface S1and the second surface S2, several displacements may be disposed between the first connection portions422aand second connection portions422bwhich are opposite to each other since the pitches are different from each other.

Accordingly, as illustrated inFIG. 5AandFIG. 5B, in the present embodiment, second light shielding regions432bmay be additionally disposed on the first light shielding element430. For example, as illustrated inFIG. 5AandFIG. 5B, in the present embodiment, the first light shielding element430further includes the second light shielding regions432b. Each of the second light shielding regions432bis located on a surface of the first light shielding element430facing the micro lens array420and is disposed corresponding to each of the second connecting portions422bto be adapted to prevent each of the sub-image beams IB from passing through each of the second connecting portions422b. Details related to the disposition of the second light shielding regions432bwill be further described below.

Furthermore, as illustrated inFIG. 5A, in the present embodiment, there is a third pitch P3between each two adjacent first light shielding regions432a, wherein one of the second light shielding region432bis located between two of the first light shielding regions432aand is apart from the more adjacent first light shielding regions432aby has a fourth pitch P4, and the fourth pitch P4is smaller than one third of the third pitch P3.

In addition, as illustrated inFIG. 5A, in the present embodiment, each of the first light shielding regions432ahas a first lateral displacement D1with respect to the corresponding first connection portion422ain a direction far away from the main optical axis O, and a size of the first lateral displacement D1is smaller than one third of the first pitch P1between the corresponding first connection portion422aand the adjacent first connection portion422a. Each of the second light shielding regions432bhas a second lateral displacement D2with respect to the corresponding second connection portion422bin a direction close to the main optical axis O, and a size of the second lateral displacement D2is smaller than one third of the second pitch P2between the corresponding second connection portion422band the adjacent second connection portion422b.

Moreover, as illustrated inFIG. 5A, in the present embodiment, each of the first light-shielding regions432ahas a first width W1, and the first width W1is smaller than one third of the first pitch P1between the corresponding first connection portion422aand the adjacent first connection portion422a. Each of the second light-shielding regions432bhas a second width W2, and the second width W2is smaller than one third of the second pitch P2between the corresponding second connection portion422band the adjacent second connection portion422b.

In this way, referring toFIG. 4andFIG. 5B, in the present embodiment, the sub-image beams IB originally passing through the optical regions421may also probably pass through optical inactive regions of the second connection portions422blocated on the second surfaces S2, thereby being blocked by the second light shielding regions432band being prevented from being refracted or scattered due to passing through each of the second connection portions422b. Thus, the occurrence of stray light may also be mitigated to improve image quality.

On the other hand, as illustrated inFIG. 5A, in the present embodiment, the first light shielding regions432may also be formed by the light-absorbing material BM by a method similar to the manufacturing method adopted by the embodiment illustrated inFIG. 2A. Specifically, as illustrated inFIG. 5AandFIG. 5B, the light-absorbing material BM is disposed corresponding to the first light shielding regions432aand the second light shielding regions432bto respectively form a plurality of first light shielding portions BP1A and a plurality of second light shielding portions BP2A. Details related to the manufacturing may be obtained with reference to the description related to the embodiment illustrated inFIG. 2Aand will not be repeated hereinafter. It is to be mentioned that referring toFIG. 5B, the first light shielding regions432aand the second light shielding regions432boverlap with each other in a central area of the first light shielding element430, however, gaps appear between the first light shielding regions432aand the second light shielding regions432bdue to being arranged outwards from the central area. It is to be mentioned that (by referring to the illustration) the gaps between the first light shielding regions432aand the second light shielding regions432bare gradually enlarged along a vertical direction or a horizontal direction.

In this way, with the first light shielding portions BP1A and the second light shielding portions BP2A formed by the light-absorbing material BM, the first light shielding regions432aand the second light shielding regions432bmay be formed. In addition, when the first light shielding element430is applied to the display apparatus100illustrated inFIG. 1, each of the first light shielding regions432aand each of the second light shielding regions432bare disposed on optical paths of each of the sub-image beams IB heading for each of the first connection portions422aand each of the second connection portions422b. In this way, each of the sub-image beams IB traveling toward each of the first connection portions422aand each of the second connection portions422bis blocked by each of the first light shielding regions432aand each of the second light shielding regions432band may be prevented from passing through each of the first connection portions422aand each of the second connection portions422b. In this way, each of the sub-image beams IB may be prevented from being refracted or scattered by optical inactive regions of the first connection portions422aand the second connection portions422bto mitigate the occurrence of stray light, such that the display apparatus100may achieve the functions and effects mentioned above. Other related details will not be repeatedly described hereinafter.

Moreover, referring toFIG. 5C, in the embodiment illustrated inFIG. 5C, the first light shielding portions BP1B and the second light shielding portions BP2B may also be formed by a method similar to the manufacturing method adopted by the embodiment illustrated inFIG. 3, such that a body of the first substrate SB1of the first light shielding element530forms a plurality of first light shielding portions BP1B in first light shielding regions532a, forms a plurality of second light shielding portions BP2B in second light shielding regions532band forms a plurality of first light transmission portions TP1B in first light transmission regions531with the through holes TH. Details related to the manufacturing may be obtained with reference to the description related to the embodiment illustrated inFIG. 3and will not be repeated hereinafter.

In this way, with the first light shielding portions BP1A and the second light shielding portions BP2A formed by the body of the opaque first substrate SB1, the first light shielding regions532aand the second light shielding regions432bmay also be formed. In addition, when the first light shielding element530is applied to the display apparatus100illustrated inFIG. 1, each of the first light shielding regions532aand each of the second light shielding regions532bare disposed on optical paths of each of the sub-image beams IB heading for each of the first connection portions422aand each of the second connection portions422b. In this way, each of the sub-image beams IB traveling toward each of the first connection portions422aand each of the second connection portions422bis blocked by each of the first light shielding regions532aand each of the second light shielding regions532b, and may be prevented from passing through each of the first connection portions422aand each of the second connection portions422b. In this way, each of the sub-image beams D3may be prevented from being refracted or scattered by the optical inactive regions of the first connection portions422aand the second connection portions422bto mitigate the occurrence of stray light, such that the display apparatus100may achieve the functions and effects mentioned above. Other related details will not be repeatedly described hereinafter.

FIG. 5Dis a schematic side-view diagram illustrating yet another first light shielding element depicted inFIG. 1.FIG. 5Eis a schematic top-view diagram illustrating yet another first light shielding element depicted inFIG. 1. Referring toFIG. 5AandFIG. 5D, the first light shielding element430of the embodiment illustrated inFIG. 5Dis similar to the first light shielding element430of the embodiment illustrated inFIG. 5A, and the difference therebetween will be described below.

Accordingly, as illustrated inFIG. 5DandFIG. 5E, in the present embodiment, the first light shielding element430may include the first light shielding regions432aadapted to prevent each of the sub-image beams IB from passing through each of the first connection portions422aand each of the second connection portions422b.

As illustrated inFIG. 5D, in the present embodiment, each of the first light shielding regions432ais opposite to the corresponding first connection portion422aand second connection portion422b. In this way, in the present embodiment, the sub-image beams IB originally travelling toward the optical inactive regions of the first connection portions422aand the second connection portions422bmay be blocked by the first light shielding regions432afrom passing through each of the first connection portions422aand each of the second connection portions422b. Thus, the occurrence of stray light may be mitigated to improve the image quality.

Moreover, referring toFIG. 5E,FIG. 5Eis a schematic top-view diagram illustrating yet another first light shielding element depicted inFIG. 1. Details related to the manufacturing may be obtained with reference to the description related to the embodiment illustrated inFIG. 5and will not be repeated hereinafter. In this way, each of the sub-image beams IB may be prevented from being refracted or scattered by the optical inactive regions of the first connection portions422aand the second connection portions422bto mitigate the occurrence of stray light, such that the display apparatus100may achieve the functions and effects mentioned above. Other related details will not be repeatedly described hereinafter.

Even though the second light shielding regions432bor532bare described as being additionally disposed on the first light shielding elements430or530as an example, the invention is not limited thereto. In other embodiments, the second light shielding regions may also be disposed on other shielding elements, which will be further described with reference toFIG. 6below.

FIG. 6is a schematic diagram illustrating an optical structure of a display apparatus according to another embodiment of the invention.FIG. 7Ais a schematic side-view diagram illustrating a first light shielding element and a second light shielding element depicted inFIG. 6.FIG. 7Bis a schematic side-view diagram illustrating another first light shielding element and another second light shielding element depicted inFIG. 6. Referring toFIG. 6throughFIG. 7B, a display apparatus600illustrated inFIG. 6is similar to the display apparatus100illustrated inFIG. 1, a first light shielding element130and a second light shielding element640illustrated inFIG. 7Aare similar to the first light shielding element130illustrated inFIG. 2A, a first light shielding element330and a second light shielding element740illustrated inFIG. 7Bare similar to the first light shielding element330illustrated inFIG. 3, and the difference among them will be described below.

Referring toFIG. 6, in the present embodiment, the display apparatus600may further include a second light shielding element640. Specifically, Referring toFIG. 6andFIG. 7A, in the present embodiment, the second light shielding element640is located between the micro lens array420and the at least one eye EY of the user. Referring toFIG. 6andFIG. 7A, in the present embodiment, the second light shielding element640includes a plurality of second light shielding regions642and a plurality of second light transmission regions641. Each of the second light transmission regions641is disposed corresponding to each optical region421and is adapted to allow each of the sub-image beams IB to pass through. Each of the second light shielding regions642is adapted to prevent each of the sub-image beams D3passing through each of the second connection portions422bfrom being transmitted to the at least one eye EY of the user.

More specifically, as illustrated inFIG. 7A, in the present embodiment, the second light shielding regions642are located on a surface of the second light shielding element640facing the micro lens array420. For example, in the present embodiment, a minimum distance between the surface of the second light shielding element640facing the micro lens array420and the micro lens array420is smaller than 1.5 mm. It should be noted that the value range mentioned herein is used only for exemplificative description and is not intended to limit the invention.

Furthermore, as illustrated inFIG. 7A, in the present embodiment, each of the first light-shielding regions132has a first width W1, and the first width W1is smaller than one third of the first pitch P1between the corresponding first connection portion422aand the adjacent first connection portion422a. Each of the second light-shielding regions642has a second width W2, and the second width W2is smaller than one third of the second pitch P2between the corresponding second connection portion422band the adjacent second connection portion422b.

Moreover, as illustrated inFIG. 7A, in the present embodiment, at least a part of each of the second light shielding regions642may overlap or not overlap with the corresponding first light shielding region132, but the invention is not limited thereto. For example, as illustrated inFIG. 7A, in the present embodiment, each of the first connection portions422acorresponds to each of the second connection portions422b, each of the first light shielding regions132corresponds to each of the second light shielding regions642, each of the second light shielding regions642has a third lateral displacement D3with respect to the corresponding first connection portion132in the direction far away from the main optical axis O, and a size of the third lateral displacement D3is smaller than one third of the first pitch P1between the corresponding first connection portion422aand the adjacent first connection portion422a.

In this way, referring toFIG. 6andFIG. 7A, in the present embodiment, the sub-image beams IB passing through the optical inactive regions of the second connection portions422blocated on the second surfaces S2of the optical regions421may be blocked by the second light shielding regions642disposed on the second light shielding element640and prevented from being transmitted to the at least one eye EY of the user, thereby preventing the user from viewing the stray light to improve the image quality.

On the other hand, as illustrated inFIG. 7A, in the present embodiment, the second light shielding regions642may also be formed by a method similar to the manufacturing method adopted by the embodiment illustrated inFIG. 2Aand by the light-absorbing material BM disposed on the second light shielding element640. Specifically, as illustrated inFIG. 7A, the second light shielding element640includes a light-transmissive second substrate ST2and the light-absorbing material BM. The light-absorbing material BM is disposed corresponding to the second light shielding regions642to form a plurality of second light shielding portions BP2A in the second light shielding regions642, and regions of the second substrate ST2on which the light-absorbing material BM does not cover form a plurality of second light transmission portions TP2A in the second light transmission regions641. Details related to the manufacturing may be obtained with reference to the description related to the embodiment illustrated inFIG. 2Aand will not be repeated hereinafter.

In this way, with the second light shielding portions BP2A formed by the light-absorbing material BM, the second light shielding portions642may be formed. In addition, referring toFIG. 6andFIG. 7A, each of the first light shielding regions132of the first light shielding element130may be disposed on the optical path of each of the sub-image beams IB heading for each of the first connection portions422a, and each of the second light shielding regions642of the second light shielding element640may be disposed on an optical path of each of the sub-image beams IB passing through the optical inactive regions of the second connection portions422blocated on the second surfaces S2of the optical regions421. In this way, each of the sub-image beams IB traveling toward each of the first connection portions422ais blocked by each of the first light shielding regions132and prevented from passing through each of the first connection portions422a, and each of the sub-image beams IB passing through the optical inactive region of each of the second connection portions422btraveling toward the at least one eye EY of the user is blocked by each of the second light shielding regions642and prevented from being transmitted to the at least one eye EY of the user. Thus, the user may be prevented from viewing the stray light to improve the image quality, such that the display apparatus600may achieve the functions and effects mentioned above. Other related details will not be repeatedly described hereinafter.

Moreover, as illustrated inFIG. 7B, in the embodiment illustrated inFIG. 7B, the second light shielding portions BP2B may also be formed by a method similar to the manufacturing method of the first light shielding element330adopted by the embodiment illustrated inFIG. 3by the light-absorbing material BM disposed on the second light shielding element740. Specifically, as illustrated inFIG. 7B, the second light shielding element740includes an opaque second substrate SB2having a plurality of through holes TH. The through holes TH are disposed corresponding to the second light transmission regions741to form a plurality of second light transmission regions TP2B in the second light shielding regions741, and a body of the second substrate SB2forms a plurality of second light shielding portions BP2B in the second light shielding regions742. Details related to the manufacturing may be obtained with reference to the description related to the embodiment illustrated in FIG.3and will not be repeated hereinafter.

In this way, with the second light shielding portions PB2B formed by the body of the opaque second substrate SB2, the second light shielding regions742may be formed. In addition, when the first light shielding element330and the second light shielding element740are applied to the display apparatus600illustrated inFIG. 6, each of the first light shielding regions332of the first light shielding element330may be disposed on the optical path of each of the sub-image beams IB heading for each of the first connection portions122, and each of the second light shielding regions742of the second light shielding element740may be disposed on the optical path of each of the sub-image beams IB passing through the optical inactive regions of the second connection portions422blocated on the second surfaces S2of the optical regions421. In this way, each of the sub-image beams IB traveling toward each of the first connection portions422ais blocked by each of the first light shielding regions332and is prevented from passing through each of the first connection portions422a, and each of the sub-image beams IB passing through the optical inactive region of each of the second connection portions422btraveling toward the at least one eye EY of the user is blocked by each of the second light shielding regions742and is prevented from being transmitted to the at least one eye EY of the user. Thus, the user may be prevented from viewing the stray light to improve the image quality, such that the display apparatus600may achieve the functions and effects mentioned above. Other related details will not be repeatedly described hereinafter.

FIG. 8is a schematic diagram illustrating an optical structure of a display apparatus according to another embodiment of the invention. Referring toFIG. 8, a display apparatus800illustrated inFIG. 8is similar to the display apparatus100illustrated inFIG. 1, and the difference therebetween will be described below. The display apparatus800further includes at least one optical waveguide device850located between the micro lens array120and the at least one eye EY of the user. That is to say, in the present embodiment, the at least one optical waveguide device850is adapted to transmit an image beam to the at least one eye EY of the user. In addition, in the present embodiment, the at least one optical waveguide device850may allow an ambient beam SL to pass through and may be applied to a technical field related to the augmented reality (AR) display techniques.

Moreover, in the display apparatus800, each of the first light shielding regions132may be disposed on the optical path of each of the sub-image beams IB heading for each of the first connection portions122. In this way, each of the sub-image beams IB traveling toward each of the first connection portions122is blocked by each of the first light shielding regions132and prevented from passing through each of the first connection portions122. In this way, each of the sub-image beams IB may be prevented from being refracted or scattered by the optical inactive regions of the first connection portions122to mitigate the occurrence of stray light to improve the image quality, such that the display apparatus800may achieve effects and advantages similar to the display apparatus100mentioned above. Other related details will not be repeatedly described hereinafter.

On the other hand, at least one optical waveguide device850may be additionally disposed in the display apparatus600described above to form a structure similar to that of the display apparatus800of the embodiment illustrated inFIG. 8and achieve effects and advantages similar to the display apparatus800mentioned above, which will not be repeatedly described hereinafter.

FIG. 9AthroughFIG. 9Fare schematic diagrams illustrating optical structures of different display apparatuses according to an embodiment of the invention. Referring toFIG. 9A through 9F, display apparatuses900A,900B,900C,900D,900E and900F of the embodiments illustrated inFIG. 9AthroughFIG. 9Fare similar to the display apparatus100illustrated inFIG. 1, and the difference therebetween will be described below. The display apparatuses900A,900B,900C,900D,900E and900F further include optical lenses960A,960B,960C,960D,960E and960F, respectively, to have various optical properties, such that optical quality requirements and cost demands for various display screens may all be considered.

For example, as illustrated inFIG. 9A, in the embodiment illustrated inFIG. 9A, the optical lens960A has two surfaces S961A and S962A, respectively, wherein the surface S961A faces the display element110, and the surface S962A faces the eye EY Specifically, in the embodiment illustrated inFIG. 9A, the optical lens960A is a plano-convex lens with a convex surface being spherical or aspherical and facing the display element110. Namely, in the embodiment illustrated inFIG. 9A, the surface S961A is a convex surface. Meanwhile, as shown by the dashed lines inFIG. 9A, the optical lens960A may be disposed between the display element110and the first light shielding element130, or between the micro lens array120and the eye EY, but the invention is not limited thereto. In the embodiment illustrated inFIG. 9A, the optical lens960A has a lower modulation transfer function (MTF) value with respect to an edge part in an MTF chart, which causes gradually increased edge chromatic aberration.

On the other hand, as illustrated inFIG. 9B, in the embodiment illustrated inFIG. 9B, the optical lens960B has two surfaces S961B and S962B, respectively, wherein the surface S961B faces the display element110, and the surface S962B faces the eye EY. Specifically, in the embodiment illustrated inFIG. 9B, the optical lens960B is a convex-planar lens with a convex surface being spherical or aspherical and facing the eye EY. Namely, in the embodiment illustrated inFIG. 9B, the surface S961B is a convex surface. Meanwhile, as shown by the dashed lines inFIG. 9B, the optical lens960B may be disposed between the display element110and the first light shielding element130, or between the micro lens array120and the eye EY, but the invention is not limited thereto. In the embodiment illustrated inFIG. 9B, the optical lens960B has a lower MTF value with respect to the edge part in the MTF chart, which causes gradually increased edge chromatic aberration.

Then, referring toFIG. 9C, in the embodiment illustrated inFIG. 9C, the optical lens960C has two surfaces S961C and S962C, respectively, wherein the surface S961C faces the display element110, and the surface S962C faces the eye EY. Specifically, the optical lens960C is a double-curvature lens, i.e., in the embodiment illustrated inFIG. 9C, both the surfaces S961C and S962C are curved surfaces and may be spherical or aspherical. Meanwhile, as shown by the dashed lines inFIG. 9C, the optical lens960C may be disposed between the display element110and the first light shielding element130, or between the micro lens array120and the eye EY, but the invention is not limited thereto.

On the other hand, referring toFIG. 9D, in the embodiment illustrated inFIG. 9D, the optical lens960D has two surfaces S961D and S962D, respectively, wherein the surface S961D faces the display element110, and the surface S962D faces the eye EY. Specifically, the optical lens960D is an optical lens having a convex surface and a diffractive optical element (DOE) optical surface. Specifically, referring toFIG. 9D, the surface S961D of the optical lens960D facing the display element110is a DOE optical surface, and the surface S962D facing the eye EY is a convex surface, wherein the surface S962D may be spherical or aspherical. Meanwhile, as shown by the dashed lines inFIG. 9D, the optical lens960D may be disposed between the display element110and the first light shielding element130, or between the micro lens array120and the eye EY, but the invention is not limited thereto. In the embodiment illustrated inFIG. 9D, with the disposition of the DOE optical surface, the edge chromatic aberration may be eliminated by the optical lens960D. With the disposition of the convex surface and the DOE optical surface, the optical lens960D may increase its MTF value with respect to the edge part in the MTF chart.

On the other hand, referring toFIG. 9E, in the embodiment illustrated inFIG. 9E, the optical lens960E has two surfaces5961E and S962E, respectively, wherein the surface5961E faces the display element110, and the surface S962E faces the eye EY. Specifically, the optical lens960E is also an optical lens having a convex surface and a DOE optical surface. Specifically, referring toFIG. 9E, the surface5961E of the optical lens960E facing the display element110is a convex surface and may be spherical or aspherical, and the surface S962E facing the eye EY is a DOE optical surface. Meanwhile, as shown by the dashed lines inFIG. 9E, the optical lens960E may be disposed between the display element110and the first light shielding element130, or between the micro lens array120and the eye EY, but the invention is not limited thereto. In the embodiment illustrated inFIG. 9E, with the disposition of the DOE optical surface, the edge chromatic aberration may be eliminated by the optical lens960E. With the disposition of the convex surface and the DOE optical surface, the optical lens960E may increase its MTF value with respect to the edge part in the MTF chart.

Moreover, in another embodiment, the DOE optical surface and the convex surface of an optical lens (not shown) may also be integrated on the same optical surface, i.e., the optical lens may have a planar surface and a hybrid optical surface including a convex surface with a DOE function, and may achieve the functions of the optical lens960D and the optical lens960E described above, which will not be repeated hereinafter.

On the other hand, referring toFIG. 9F, the optical lens960F has two surfaces S961F and S962F, respectively, wherein the surface S961F faces the display element110, and the surface S962F faces the eye EY. Specifically, in the embodiment illustrated inFIG. 9F, the optical lens960F is also an optical lens having a Fresnel optical surface and a DOE optical surface. The Fresnel optical surface of the optical lens960F and the convex surfaces of the optical lenses960E and960D have the same function and may be used to replace the convex surfaces of the optical lenses960D and960E, thereby forming the optical lens960F, such that the optical lens960F may also achieve the functions of the optical lens960D and the optical lens960E described above. For example, referring toFIG. 9F, in the embodiment illustrated inFIG. 9F, the surface S961F of the optical lens960F facing the display element110is a DOE optical surface, and the surface S962F facing the eye EY is a Fresnel optical surface. Meanwhile, with the disposition of the Fresnel optical surface of the optical lens960F, the thickness size may be further reduced for the optical lens960F to satisfy a miniaturization feature.

In this way, the display apparatuses900A,900B,900C,900D,900E and900F disposed with the optical lenses960A,960B,960C,960D,960E and960F may have various optical properties, such that optical quality requirements and cost demands for various display screens may all be considered. Meanwhile, in the display apparatuses900A,900B,900C,900D,900E and900F, each of the first light shielding regions132may be disposed on the optical path of each of the sub-image beams IB heading for each of the first connection portions122. In this way, each of the sub-image beams IB traveling toward each of the first connection portions122is blocked by each of the first light shielding regions132and is prevented from passing through each of the first connection portions122. In this way, each of the sub-image beams IB may be prevented from being refracted or scattered by the optical inactive regions of the first connection portions122, such that the occurrence of stray light may be mitigated to improve the image quality and achieve effects and advantages similar to those of the display apparatus100described above, which will not be repeated hereinafter.

Based on the above, the embodiments of the invention can achieve at least one of the following advantages or effects. In the embodiments of the invention, in the display apparatus, each of the first light shielding regions can be disposed on the optical path of each of the sub-image beams heading for each of the first connection portions. Thereby, each of the sub-image beams traveling toward each of the first connection portions can be blocked by each of the first light shielding regions and be prevented from passing through each of the first connection portions. In this way, each of the sub-image beams can be prevented from being refracted or scattered by the optical inactive regions of the first connection portions, such that the occurrence of stray light can be mitigated to improve the image quality. Moreover, the display apparatus can further improve the image quality by the additionally disposed second light shielding regions.