Liquid cooling structure and liquid cooling system including the liquid cooling structure

A liquid cooling structure may include a lower structure and an upper structure. The lower structure may be configured to cover one surface of an object. The upper structure may be combined with the lower structure to provide a channel through which a cooling fluid may flow. The channel may include a plurality of passages connected between a channel inlet through which the cooling fluid may enter and a channel outlet through which the cooling fluid may exits.

CROSS-REFERENCES TO RELATED APPLICATION

The present application claims priority under 35 U.S.C. § 119(a) to Korean application number 10-2020-0079239, filed on Jun. 29, 2020, in the Korean Intellectual Property Office, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.

BACKGROUND

1. Technical Field

Various embodiments may generally relate to a cooling system of an electronic device, more particularly to a liquid cooling structure configured to emit heat generated from an electronic device, and a liquid cooling system including the liquid cooling structure.

2. Related Art

A semiconductor industry may have been developed toward a light weight, a thin thickness, a short length and a small size of a semiconductor device and a high integration degree of the semiconductor device. Thus, a semiconductor module may include a printed circuit board (PCB) and a plurality of the semiconductor devices mounted on the PCB. A typical type of the semiconductor module may include a memory module. The memory module may be classified into a single in-lined memory module (SIMM) and a dual in-lined memory module (DIMM). In the SIMM, the semiconductor devices may be mounted on only one surface of the PCB. In contrast, in the DIMM, the semiconductor devices may be mounted on both surfaces of the PCB.

Meanwhile, because the semiconductor devices may be mounted on the PCB, the semiconductor module may have low heat dissipation efficiency. Thus, a cooling structure such as a heat sink may be necessarily installed at the semiconductor module. Recently, a liquid cooling structure having heat dissipation efficiency better than that of an air cooling type may be required.

SUMMARY

In examples of embodiments of the present disclosure, a liquid cooling structure may include a lower structure and an upper structure. The lower structure may be configured to cover one surface of an object. The upper structure may be combined with the lower structure to provide a channel through which a cooling fluid may flow. The channel may include a plurality of passages connected between a channel inlet through which the cooling fluid may enter and a channel outlet through which the cooling fluid may exits.

In examples of embodiments of the present disclosure, a liquid cooling structure may include a heat dissipation pad and a heat dissipation pipe. The heat dissipation pad may be configured to cover one surface of an object. The heat dissipation pipe may be configured to make contact with the heat dissipation pad. A channel through which a cooling fluid may flow may be formed in the heat dissipation pipe. The channel may include a plurality of quadrangular passages connected between a channel inlet through which the cooling fluid may enter and a channel outlet through which the cooling fluid may exits, and a cross-sectional shape of each of the plurality of passages may be substantially quadrangular.

In examples of embodiments of the present disclosure, a liquid cooling structure may include a lower structure and an upper structure. The lower structure may be configured to cover one surface of an object. The upper structure may be combined with the lower structure to provide a channel through which a cooling fluid may flow. The channel may include first to third passages connected between a channel inlet through which the cooling fluid may enter and a channel outlet through which the cooling fluid may exits. Each of the first to third passages may have a substantially quadrangular cross-sectional shape. The first to third passages may be overlapped with an upper portion, a middle portion and a lower portion of the object, respectively, in a direction intersected with a flowing direction of the cooling fluid.

In examples of embodiments of the present disclosure, a liquid cooling structure may include a lower structure and an upper structure. The lower structure may be configured to cover one surface of an object. The upper structure may be combined with the lower structure to provide a channel through which a cooling fluid may flow. The channel may include a channel inlet through which the cooling fluid may enter, a channel outlet through which the cooling fluid may exit, a connection passage arranged between the channel inlet and the channel outlet to physically control a temperature of the cooling fluid, a first group of passages connected between the channel inlet and the connection passage, and a second group of passages connected between the connection passage and the channel outlet.

In examples of embodiments of the present disclosure, a liquid cooling structure may include a heat dissipation pad and a heat dissipation pipe. The heat dissipation pad may be configured to cover one surface of an object. The heat dissipation pipe may be configured to make contact with the heat dissipation pad. A channel through which a cooling fluid may flow may be formed in the heat dissipation pipe. The channel may include a channel inlet through which the cooling fluid may enter, a channel outlet through which the cooling fluid may exit, a connection passage arranged between the channel inlet and the channel outlet to physically control a temperature of the cooling fluid, a first group of passages connected between the channel inlet and the connection passage, and a second group of passages connected between the connection passage and the channel outlet.

In examples of embodiments of the present disclosure, a liquid cooling system may include a memory system, a system board, a cooling fluid supply system, a recirculation system, a first manifold and a second manifold. The memory system may include a plurality of memory modules and a plurality of liquid cooling structures arranged between the memory modules. The system board may include a module socket configured to receive the memory system. The cooling fluid supply system may be configured to supply a cooling fluid to the memory system. The recirculation system may collect the cooling fluid, which may circulate the memory system to have a high temperature, and transfer the cooling fluid having the high temperature to the cooling fluid supply system. The first manifold may be installed at the system board at one side of the memory system to receive the cooling fluid from the cooling fluid supply system and to transfer the cooling fluid to the liquid cooling structures in the memory system. The second manifold may be installed at the system board at the other side of the memory system to collect the cooling fluid having the high temperature and to transfer the cooling fluid the having the high temperature to the recirculation system. Each of the liquid cooling structures may include a lower structure and an upper structure. The lower structure may be configured to cover one surface of an object. The upper structure may be combined with the lower structure to provide a channel through which a cooling fluid may flow. The channel may include a plurality of passages connected between a channel inlet through which the cooling fluid enters and a channel outlet through which the cooling fluid exits, and a cross-sectional shape of each of the plurality of passages may be substantially quadrangular.

In examples of embodiments of the present disclosure, a liquid cooling system may include a memory system, a system board, a cooling fluid supply system, a recirculation system, a first manifold and a second manifold. The memory system may include a plurality of memory modules and a plurality of liquid cooling structures arranged between the memory modules. The system board may include a module socket configured to receive the memory system. The cooling fluid supply system may be configured to supply a cooling fluid to the memory system. The recirculation system may collect the cooling fluid, which may circulate the memory system to have a high temperature, and transfer the cooling fluid having the high temperature to the cooling fluid supply system. The first manifold may be installed at the system board at one side of the memory system to receive the cooling fluid from the cooling fluid supply system and to transfer the cooling fluid to the liquid cooling structures in the memory system. The second manifold may be installed at the system board at the other side of the memory system to collect the cooling fluid having the high temperature and to transfer the cooling fluid the having the high temperature to the recirculation system. Each of the liquid cooling structures may include a heat dissipation pad and a quadrangular heat dissipation pipe. The heat dissipation pad may be configured to cover one surface of an object. The heat dissipation pipe may be configured to make contact with the heat dissipation pad. A channel through which a cooling fluid may flow may be formed in the heat dissipation pipe. The channel may include a plurality of passages connected between a channel inlet through which the cooling fluid enters and a channel outlet through which the cooling fluid exits, and a cross-sectional shape of each of the plurality of passages may be substantially quadrangular.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

Various embodiments of the present disclosure will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. The drawings are schematic illustrations of various embodiments (and intermediate structures). As such, variations from the configurations and shapes of the illustrations as a result, for example, of manufacturing techniques and/or tolerances, are to be expected. Thus, the described embodiments should not be construed as being limited to the particular configurations and shapes illustrated herein but may include deviations in configurations and shapes which do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure as defined in the appended claims.

The present disclosure is described herein with reference to cross-section and/or plan illustrations of idealized embodiments of the present disclosure. However, embodiments of the present disclosure should not be construed as limiting the concept. Although a few embodiments of the present disclosure will be shown and described, it will be appreciated by those of ordinary skill in the art that changes may be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present disclosure.

Examples of embodiments may provide a liquid cooling structure and a liquid cooling system including the liquid cooling structure configured to effectively dissipate heat generated from an electronic device, for example, a plurality of semiconductor devices on a PCB. Hereinafter, for conveniences of explanations, an object cooled by the liquid cooling structure may include, for example but not limited to, a memory module as the electronic device. Particularly, the memory module may include a high-power density DIMM having a high heat amount. Meanwhile, the object may include all electronic devices that generate heat during operation other than the memory module.

Further, a first direction D1may correspond to a flowing direction of a cooling fluid and a second direction D2may be substantially perpendicular to the first direction D1. For example, the first direction D1may be an X-axis direction, and the second direction D2may be a Y-axis direction.

Examples of embodiments may provide a liquid cooling structure that may be capable of effectively dissipating heat generated from an electronic device.

Examples of embodiments also may provide a liquid cooling system including the above-mentioned liquid cooling structure.

According to examples of embodiments, the passages may be branched at a region adjacent to the channel inlet and joined at a region adjacent to the channel outlet to improve cooling efficiency of the object.

Further, the channel may include the passages. Thus, an overlapped area and an overlapped position between the object and the channel may be readily controlled to more improve the cooling efficiency of the object.

Furthermore, the channel may include the connection passage configured to control the temperature of the cooling fluid to more improve the cooling efficiency of the object.

Moreover, an overlapped area between the first group of the passages and the object may be larger than an overlapped area between the second group of the passages and the memory module to more improve the cooling efficiency of the object.

FIG.1is a perspective view illustrating a liquid cooling structure in accordance with first example embodiments,FIG.2is a plan view illustrating a liquid cooling structure in accordance with the first example embodiments,FIG.3Ais a cross-sectional view taken along a line A-A′ inFIG.2in accordance with the first example embodiments, andFIG.3Bis a cross-sectional view taken along a line A-A′ inFIG.2in accordance with another example embodiment.

Referring toFIGS.1,2and3A, a liquid cooling structure100of first example embodiments may include a lower structure110and an upper structure120. The lower structure110may be configured to cover one surface of a memory module90as the object. The upper structure120may be overlapped with the memory module90. The upper structure120may be combined with the lower structure110to provide a channel130through which the cooling fluid may flow. The channel130may include a plurality of passages connected between a channel inlet131and a channel outlet132. The cooling fluid may enter into the liquid cooling structure100through the channel inlet131. The cooling fluid may exit from the liquid cooling structure100through the channel outlet132. An arrow in drawings may be the flowing direction of the cooling fluid. The cooling fluid may include, for example but not limited to, water.

The memory module90may include a PCB92and a plurality of semiconductor devices96. The PCB92may include a connection terminal94electrically connected to a module socket. The connection terminal94may be installed at a lower portion of the PCB92in the second direction D2. The semiconductor devices96may be mounted on the PCB92. The semiconductor devices96may include a memory device, a data buffer, a controller, a power management integrated circuit (PMIC), an inductor, etc. For example, the controller may be positioned at a middle portion of the PCB92in the first direction D1and a lower portion of the PCB92adjacent to the connection terminal94in the second direction D2. The PMIC and the inductor may be positioned at the middle portion of the PCB92in the first direction D1and an upper portion of the PCB92in the second direction D2. The memory device may be positioned at both sides of the controller in the first direction D1. The data buffer may be positioned at the lower portion of the PCB92in the second direction D2.

The lower structure110may act as a heat dissipation member. The lower structure may function as to supplement a dead zone of heat dissipation in the channel130through which the cooling fluid may flow. Thus, the lower structure110may include a readily processed material having a high thermal conductivity, for example, a metal. The lower structure110may be configured to fully cover the semiconductor devices96on one surface of the memory module90. The lower structure110may be attached to one surface of the memory module90using a thermal tape. The thermal tape may include a double-sided tape having a thermal interface material (SeeFIG.16).

Further, the lower structure110may have a plate shape configured to fully cover the semiconductor devices96on one surface of the memory module90. The lower structure110may include a metal plate having a high thermal conductivity. When the semiconductor devices96on one surface of the PCB92have substantially the same thickness or height, the lower structure110may include a metal plate having a flat surface. In contrast, when the semiconductor devices96on one surface of the PCB92have different thicknesses or heights, the lower structure110may include a metal plate having topology corresponding to the thicknesses of the semiconductor devices96. That is, when the semiconductor devices96on one surface of the PCB92have different thicknesses or heights, the lower structure110may include the metal plate having the topology corresponding to step portions of the PCB92. Further, when the semiconductor devices96on one surface of the PCB92have different thicknesses or heights, the lower structure110may include a metal plate having a flat surface configured to cover the semiconductor devices96having the same thickness except for the semiconductor devices96having relatively thick thicknesses.

The upper structure120may act as the heat dissipation member together with the lower structure110. The upper structure120may function as to provide a channel130through which the cooling fluid may flow. The upper structure120may include a readily processed material having a high thermal conductivity, for example, a metal. The upper structure120may include the metal substantially the same as the metal of the lower structure110. Alternatively, the upper structure120may include a metal having a thermal conductivity different from a thermal conductivity of a metal of the lower structure110. When the thermal conductivity of the upper structure120is different from the thermal conductivity of the lower structure110, this may function as to prevent a difference between the thermal conductivities of the memory module90at one end of the liquid cooling structure100and the memory module90at the other end of the liquid cooling structure100caused by a shape of the liquid cooling structure100(SeeFIG.16). Further, the upper structure120may include a metal plate. An engraved structure such as a relief structure or an intaglio structure may be formed on the metal plate to form the channel130extending in the first direction D1. However, the engraved structure may be formed on the metal plate of the upper structure120to form the channel130, not restricted within the above-mentioned structure. Alternatively, the upper structure120may include only the relief structure or the intaglio structure. In other words, when the upper structure120may have a shape corresponding to that of the channel130, the upper structure120may include the metal plate having a “⊏” shape, i.e., a frame shape having one opened portion. Here, the frame shape may refer to a metal plate structure processed into an “⊏” shape to have a shape corresponding to the channel. An opened portion of the “⊏” shaped upper structure120may be downwardly oriented to combine the upper structure120with the lower structure110, thereby forming the channel130. In an embodiment, the upper structure120may include a metal plate having an engraved structure to form the channel, or a frame-shaped metal plate having one opened portion corresponding to a shape of the channel130as shown inFIG.1.

The lower structure110and the upper structure120may be combined with each other by a brazing process or a threaded combination process. The channel130through which the cooling fluid may flow may provide a sealed fluid passage by combining the lower structure110and the upper structure120with each other. Further, the lower structure110and the upper structure120may include protrusions protruded from both ends of the lower and upper structures110and120to form the channel inlet131through which the cooling fluid may enter and the channel outlet132through which the cooling fluid may exit. The channel inlet131and the channel outlet132may be protrusions protruded from both ends of the memory modules90to readily assemble and dissemble the liquid cooling structure100and a manifold (SeeFIG.14) of a liquid cooling system with/from each other.

The channel130through which the cooling fluid may flow may have a shape having a cross aspect ratio of about 1 or a value adjacent to about 1 considered flow characteristics of the cooling fluid. Particularly, a cross-sectional shape of the channel130may have the cross aspect ratio of about 1 or a value adjacent to about 1 to minimize a pressure drop, thereby allowing a smooth flowing of the cooling fluid and to prevent and/or mitigate the cooling efficiency from being decreased, although the temperature of the cooling fluid may be increased. The cross-sectional shape of the channel130may include a square shape, a rectangular shape, a polygonal shape, an elliptical shape having both flat sides in a short axial direction, etc. Here, the short axis direction may be a vertical direction (or a height direction) orthogonal to the first direction D1and the second direction D2, and the long axis direction may be the second direction D2. When the channel130may have the elliptical shape having the both flat sides in the short axial direction, any one of the both flat sides may be provided by the lower structure110. Here, the channel130having a circular shape may have a fluid characteristic better than that of the channel130having the square shape, the rectangular shape, the polygonal shape and the elliptical shape. However, because the channel130having a circular shape may have a contact area between the memory module90and the channel130smaller than a contact area between the memory module90and the channel130having the square shape, the rectangular shape, the polygonal shape and the elliptical shape, the channel130having the circular shape may have a very low cooling efficiency by the cooling fluid.

The channel130may include the channel inlet131and the channel outlet132positioned at both ends of the channel130. The channel inlet131and the channel outlet132may be positioned at a same line on the first direction D1. The channel inlet131and the channel outlet132may be positioned at the upper portion of the memory module90in the second direction D2. The position of the channel inlet131and the channel outlet132at the upper portion of the memory module90may function as to readily assemble and dissemble the liquid cooling structure100and the manifold of the liquid cooling system (SeeFIG.14) with/from each other. Therefore, the liquid cooling system may be readily maintained and repaired.

Further, the channel130may include a plurality of passages branched from the channel130in accordance with the temperature of the cooling fluid and a temperature of a heating element to control a flux and a speed of the cooling fluid. Each of the passages may have a square shape, a rectangular shape, a polygonal shape, an elliptical shape having both flat sides in a short axial direction, etc. The passages may have substantially the same height H regardless of the shape of the passages. Particularly, the channel130may include a first passage133, a second passage134and a third passage135connected between the channel inlet131and the channel outlet132. The first passage133, the second passage134and the third passage135may be extended in the first direction D1. The first passage133, the second passage134and the third passage135may be branched from a region adjacent to the channel inlet131in the first direction D1. In an embodiment, the passages (i.e., first to third passages133-135) branched from the channel inlet131as shown inFIG.1may be referred to as branched passages and these branched passages may be joined at a region adjacent to the channel outlet132as shown inFIG.1. The first passage133, the second passage134and the third passage135may be joined at a region adjacent to the channel outlet132in the first direction D1. For example, the branched region of the first passage133, the second passage134and the third passage135may be one end of the memory module90. The joined region of the first passage133, the second passage134and the third passage135may be the other end of the memory module90.

The first passage133may be connected between the channel inlet131and the channel outlet132to cool the upper portion of the memory module90in the second direction D2. The first passage133may have a linear shape connected between the channel inlet131and the channel outlet132. The first passage133may have a square shape, a rectangular shape, a polygonal shape, an elliptical shape having both flat sides in a short axial direction, etc. In an embodiment, the first passage133may have a cross-sectional shape that is substantially quadrangular (i.e., seeFIG.3A). A flux and a speed of the cooling fluid in the first passage133may be controlled by a width W1of the first passage133.

The second passage134may be connected between the channel inlet131and the channel outlet132to cool the middle portion of the memory module90in the second direction D2. The second passage134may have a linear shape configured to connect the channel inlet131with the channel outlet132a “U” shape. The second passage134may have a square shape, a rectangular shape, a polygonal shape, an elliptical shape having both flat sides in a short axial direction, etc. In an embodiment, the second passage134may have a cross-sectional shape that is substantially quadrangular (i.e., seeFIG.3A). The second passage134may have a cross aspect ratio substantially the same as or different from a cross aspect ratio of the first passage133. In other words, the cross-sectional shape of the second passage134may be substantially the same as or different from the cross-sectional shape of the first passage133. Thus, when the cross aspect ratio of the second passage134may be substantially the same as the cross aspect ratio of the first passage133, the second passage134may have a width W2substantially the same as the width W1of the first passage133. In contrast, when the cross aspect ratio of the second passage134may be different from the cross aspect ratio of the first passage133, the width W2of the second passage134may be different from the width W1of the first passage133. For example, in order to increase a cooling efficiency of the middle portion of the memory module90rather than a cooling efficiency of the upper portion of the memory module90in the second direction D2, an overlapped area between the first passage133and the memory module90may be smaller than an overlapped region between the second passage134and the memory module90. Thus, because the height H of the first passage133may be substantially the same as the height H of the second passage134, the width W2of the second passage134may be wider than the width W1of the first passage133. In contrast, in order to increase the cooling efficiency of the upper portion of the memory module90rather than the cooling efficiency of the middle portion of the memory module90in the second direction D2, the overlapped area between the first passage133and the memory module90may be larger than the overlapped region between the second passage134and the memory module90. Thus, because the height H of the first passage133may be substantially the same as the height H of the second passage134, the width W2of the second passage134may be narrower than the width W1of the first passage133. A flux and a speed of the cooling fluid in the second passage134may be controlled by a width W2of the second passage134.

The third passage135may be connected between the channel inlet131and the channel outlet132to cool the lower portion of the memory module90, which may be adjacent to the connection terminal94connected to the module socket, in the second direction D2. The third passage135may have a linear shape configured to connect the channel inlet131with the channel outlet132a “U” shape. The third passage135may have a square shape, a rectangular shape, a polygonal shape, an elliptical shape having both flat sides in a short axial direction, etc. In an embodiment, the third passage135may have a cross-sectional shape that is substantially quadrangular (i.e., seeFIG.3A). The third passage135may have a height H substantially the same as the height of the first passage133and the second passage134. The third passage135may have a cross aspect ratio substantially the same as or different from the cross aspect ratio of the first passage133and the cross aspect ratio of the second passage134. A flux and a speed of the cooling fluid in the third passage135may be controlled by a width W3of the third passage135.

As mentioned above, the cross aspect ratios and the planar shapes of the first to third passages133,134and135may be changed in accordance with kinds of the memory module90, i.e., arrangements and kinds of the semiconductor devices96on the PCB92. In other words, the cross aspect ratios and the planar shapes of the first to third passages133,134and135may be changed in accordance with heating values of the memory module90by positions.

Meanwhile, in the first example embodiments, a case in which the shape of the channel130is defined by molding the upper structure120is exemplified, but is not limited thereto. As another example embodiment, the shape of the channel130may be defined by a porous member or a pin structure fixedly installed on the lower structure110or the upper structure120. Here, the pin structure may include a plurality of pins spaced apart from each other, and each of the plurality of pins may have a column shape. In addition, the planar shape of each of the plurality of pins may be a triangular or more polygonal, circular, or elliptical shape.

Further, in the first example embodiments, a case in which each of the plurality of passages constituting the channel130is separated from each other by molding the upper structure120is exemplified, but is not limited thereto. As another example embodiment, each of the plurality of passages may be separated from each other by a porous member or a pin structure formed in the channel130.

In the first example embodiments, the second passage134may be physically separated from the third passage135, not restricted within the above structure. As shown inFIG.3B, in a liquid cooling structure100′ of another example embodiment, the passages may be connected with each other through one or more sub-passages. The one or more sub-passages may be located between adjacent passages. For example, adjacent passages such as the second passage134and the third passage135may be connected with each other through a sub-passage136. The sub-passage136may be positioned between the second passage134and the third passage135in the second direction D2. The sub-passage136may have a U-shaped linear shape extended in the first direction to be positioned on a plane substantially coplanar with the second passage134and the third passage135. In order to increase cooling efficiencies of the middle portion and the lower portion of the memory module90compared to the upper portion of the memory module90, the sub-passage136connected between the second passage134and the third passage135may function to increase a supplying amount of the cooling fluid and the overlapped area between the cooling fluid and the memory module90. Further, in order to suppress a pressure drop generated by the sub-passage136between the second passage134and the third passage135, the sub-passage136may have a height lower than the height H of the second passage134and the third passage135. The one or more sub-passages may be located between adjacent passages, but the embodiments are not limited in this way and the one or more sub-passages may be located outside adjacent passages.

InFIG.3B, a case in which the sub-passage136is formed by molding the upper structure120is illustrated, but is not limited thereto. As another example embodiment, although not shown in the drawings, the sub-passage136may be formed by a porous member or a pin structure fixedly installed on the upper structure120. The porous member and the pin structure may be fixedly installed on the lower structure110. It may serve provide a sub-passage136having a height H′ lower than the height H of the second passage134and the third passage135.

According to the first example embodiments, the liquid cooling structure100may include the lower structure110configured to cover the one surface of the object and the upper structure120combined with the lower structure110to provide the channel130through which the cooling fluid may flow. The channel130may include the passages branched from the region adjacent to the channel inlet131and joined at the region adjacent to the channel outlet132to improve the cooling efficiency of the object.

Further, the overlapped area and the overlapped region between the object and the channel130may be readily controlled by the passages of the channel130to further improve the cooling efficiency of the object.

FIG.4is a perspective view illustrating a liquid cooling structure in accordance with second example embodiments,FIG.5is a plan view illustrating a liquid cooling structure in accordance with the second example embodiments,FIG.6Ais a cross-sectional view taken along a line A-A′ inFIG.5in accordance with the second example embodiments,FIG.6Bis a cross-sectional view taken along a line B-B′ inFIG.5in accordance with the second example embodiments, andFIG.6Cis a cross-sectional view taken along a line B-B′ inFIG.5in accordance with another example embodiment.

For conveniences of explanations, the same reference numerals in the first example embodiments may refer to the same element of the second example embodiments and any further illustrations with respect to the same element may be omitted herein for brevity.

Referring toFIGS.4,5,6A and6B, a liquid cooling structure200of the second example embodiments may include a lower structure210and an upper structure220. The lower structure210may be configured to cover one surface of a memory module90as the object. The upper structure220may be overlapped with the memory module90. The upper structure220may be combined with the lower structure210to provide a channel230through which the cooling fluid may flow. The channel230may include a channel inlet231, a channel outlet232and a connection passage234. The cooling fluid may enter into the liquid cooling structure200through the channel inlet231. The cooling fluid may exit from the liquid cooling structure200through the channel outlet232. The connection passage234may be positioned between the channel inlet231and the channel outlet234. The connection passage234may function as to physically control a temperature of the cooling fluid. The channel230may further include a first group of quadrangular passages233connected between the channel inlet231and the connection passage234, and a second group of quadrangular passages235connected between the connection passage234and the channel outlet232. An arrow in drawings may be the flowing direction of the cooling fluid. The cooling fluid may include, for example but not limited to, water.

The lower structure210and the upper structure220of the second example embodiments may have structures substantially the same as those of the lower structure110and the upper structure120of the first example embodiments. Thus, any further illustrations with respect to the lower structure210and the upper structure220may be omitted herein for brevity.

The channel230through which the cooling fluid may flow may have a shape having a cross aspect ratio of about 1 or a value adjacent to about 1 considered flow characteristics of the cooling fluid. Particularly, a cross-sectional shape of the channel230may have the cross aspect ratio of about 1 or a value adjacent to about 1 to minimize a pressure drop, thereby allowing a smooth flowing of the cooling fluid and to prevent the cooling efficiency from being decreased, although the temperature of the cooling fluid may be increased. The cross-sectional shape of the channel230may include a square shape, a rectangular shape, a polygonal shape, an elliptical shape having both flat sides in a short axial direction, etc. When the channel230may have the elliptical shape having the both flat sides in the short axial direction, any one of the both flat sides may be provided by the lower structure210.

The channel230may include the channel inlet231and the channel outlet232positioned at both ends of the channel130, and the connection passage234positioned between the channel inlet231and the channel outlet232. The connection passage234may be positioned at the middle portion of the memory module90in the first direction D1and at the lower portion of the memory module90in the second direction D2. For example, the connection passage234may be overlapped with the controller of the memory module90. The channel inlet231and the channel outlet232may be positioned at a same line on the first direction D1. The channel inlet231and the channel outlet232may be positioned at the upper portion of the memory module90in the second direction D2. The position of the channel inlet231and the channel outlet232at the upper portion of the memory module90may function as to readily assemble and dissemble the liquid cooling structure200and the manifold of the liquid cooling system (SeeFIG.14) with/from each other. Therefore, the liquid cooling system may be readily maintained and repaired.

Further, the channel230may include a plurality of passages branched from the channel230in accordance with the temperature of the cooling fluid and a temperature of a heating element to control a flux and a speed of the cooling fluid. Each of the passages may have a square shape, a rectangular shape, a polygonal shape, an elliptical shape having both flat sides in a short axial direction, etc. The passages may have substantially the same height H regardless of the shape of the passages. Particularly, the channel130may include the first group of the quadrangular passages233connected between the channel inlet231and the connection passage234, and the second group of the quadrangular passages235connected between the connection passage234and the channel outlet232. The first group of the passages233may include a first passage233A and a second passage233B. The second group of the passages235may include a third passage235A, a fourth passage235B and a fifth passage235C. In order to prevent the cooling efficiency from being decreased, a total overlapped region between the first group of the passages233and the memory module90may be smaller than a total overlapped region between the second group of the passages235and the memory module90. Thus, numbers of the second group of the passages235may be greater than numbers of the first group of the passages233.

When the cooling fluid introduced into the liquid cooling structure200through the channel inlet231may pass through the first group of the passages233, i.e., the first passage233A and the second passage233B, the cooling fluid may have different temperatures. That is, the temperature of the cooling fluid passing through the first passage233A may be different from the temperature of the cooling fluid passing through the second passage233B due to a heating value difference of the object by positions. The connection passage234may function as to mix the cooling fluids having the different temperatures, which may pass through the first group of the passages233, with each other to average the temperatures of the cooling fluids. Therefore, the cooling fluids having the uniform temperature may be supplied to the second group of the passages235branched from the connection passage234to improve the cooling efficiency.

Viewed from the flowing direction of the cooling fluid, the first group of the passages233may be positioned at an upstream region of the liquid cooling structure200. Thus, the first group of the passages233, i.e., the first passage233A and the second passage233B may be branched from the region adjacent to the channel inlet231. The branched first and second passages233A and233B may be joined at the connection passage234. The branched position of the first and second passages233A and233B in the first direction D1may be one end of the memory module90. The first group of the passages233may have a “” planar shape.

The first passage233A and the second passage233B may function as to cool the upper portion and the lower portion of the memory module90in the second direction D2, respectively. The first passage233A and the second passage233B may be a linear shape, which may have at least one inflection point, connected between the channel inlet231and the connection passage234. The inflection point of the first passage233A and the second passage233B may have a rounded shape for smooth flowing of the cooling fluid. The first passage233A and the second passage233B may have a square shape, a rectangular shape, a polygonal shape, an elliptical shape having both flat sides in a short axial direction, etc. The second passage233B may have a height H substantially the same as a height of the first passage233A. The second passage233B may have a cross aspect ratio substantially the same as or different from a cross aspect ratio of the first passage233A. In other words, the cross-sectional shape of the second passage233B may be substantially the same as or different from the cross-sectional shape of the first passage233A. Thus, when the cross aspect ratio of the second passage233B is substantially the same as the cross aspect ratio of the first passage233A, the second passage233B may have a width W2substantially the same as a width W1of the first passage233A. In contrast, when the cross aspect ratio of the second passage233B is different from the cross aspect ratio of the first passage233A, the width W2of the second passage233B may be different from the width W1of the first passage233A.

The lower portion of the memory module90may have a heating value greater than that of the upper portion of the memory module90in the second direction. Thus, an overlapped area between the first passage233A and the memory module90may be smaller than an overlapped region between the second passage233B and the memory module90. Because the height H of the first passage233A may be substantially the same as the height H of the second passage233B, the width W2of the second passage233B may be wider than the width W1of the first passage233A. Fluxes and speeds of the cooling fluids in the first and second passages233A and233B may be controlled by the width W1of the first passage233A and the width W2of the second passage233B.

Viewed from the flowing direction of the cooling fluid, the second group of the passages235may be positioned at a downstream region of the liquid cooling structure200. Thus, the second group of the passages235, i.e., the third to fifth passages235A,235B and235C may be branched from the connection passage234. The branched third to fifth passages235A,235B and235C may be joined at the region adjacent to the channel outlet232. In an embodiment, a channel inlet may be branched into passages, these branched passages may then be joined at a region adjacent to a connection passage, these joined passages at the connection passage may then be re-branched from the connection passage to form re-branched passages, and then these re-branched passages may be re-joined at a region adjacent to the channel outlet. For example, the channel230may be branched into passages (i.e., first and second passages233A and233B) at a region adjacent to the channel inlet231as shown inFIG.5and then joined at the connection passage234. The joined passages may then be re-branched from the connection passage234to form re-branched passages (i.e., the third to fifth passages235A,235B and235C), and then these re-branched passages (i.e., third to fifth passages235A,235B and235C) may be re-joined at the region adjacent to the channel outlet232as shown inFIG.5. The joined position of the third to fifth passages235A,235B and235C in the first direction D1may be the other end of the memory module90. The second group of the passages235may have a “” planar shape.

In order to prevent the cooling efficiency of the downstream region from being decreased compared to the cooling efficiency of the upstream region because the second group of the passages235may be positioned at the downstream region of the liquid cooling structure200, a total overlapped region between the second group of the passages235and the memory module90may be larger than a total overlapped region between the first group of the passages233and the memory module90. Thus, numbers of the second group of the passages235may be greater than numbers of the first group of the passages233. The temperature of the cooling fluid at the connection passage234may be higher than the temperature of the cooling fluid at the channel inlet231. Further, the downstream region of the memory module90may be cooled using the cooling fluid passing through the upstream region to have an increased temperature.

Each of the third passage235A, the fourth passage235B and the fifth passage235C may be connected between the connection passage234and the channel outlet232to cool the upper portion, the middle portion and the lower portion of the memory module90, respectively, in the second direction D2. The third passage235A, the fourth passage235B and the fifth passage235C may be a linear shape, which may have at least one inflection point, connected between the connection passage234and the channel outlet232. The inflection point of the third to fifth passages235A,235B and235C may have a rounded shape for the smooth flowing of the cooling fluid. The third to fifth passages235A,235B and235C may have a square shape, a rectangular shape, a polygonal shape, an elliptical shape having both flat sides in a short axial direction, etc. The third to fifth passages235A,235B and235C may have substantially the same height H. The third to fifth passage235A,235B and235C may have substantially the same cross aspect ratio or different cross aspect ratios.

The lower portion of the memory module90in the second direction D2may have the highest heating value. In contrast, the middle portion of the memory module90in the second direction D2may have the lowest heating value. Thus, an overlapped area between the fifth passage235C and the memory module90may be relatively large and an overlapped area between the fourth passage235B and the memory module90may be relatively small. Particularly, because the third to fifth passages235A,235B and235C may have substantially the same height H, a width W5of the fifth passage235C may be substantially the same as a width W3of the third passage235A and a width W4of the fourth passage235B may be narrower than the width W5of the fifth passage235C and the width W3of the third passage235A. That is, fluxes and speeds of the cooling fluids in the third passage235A, the fourth passage235B and the fifth passage235C may be controlled by the width W3of the third passage235A, the width W4of the fourth passage235B and the width W5of the fifth passage235C.

As mentioned above, the cross aspect ratios and the planar shapes of the first group of the passages233and the second group of the passages235may be changed in accordance with kinds of the memory module90, i.e., arrangements and kinds of the semiconductor devices96on the PCB92. In other words, the cross aspect ratios and the planar shapes of the first group of the passages233and the second group of the passages235may be changed in accordance with heating values of the memory module90by positions.

Meanwhile, in the second example embodiments, a case in which the shape of the channel230is defined by molding the upper structure220is exemplified, but is not limited thereto. As another example embodiment, the shape of the channel230may be defined by a porous member or a pin structure fixedly installed on the lower structure210or the upper structure220. Here, the pin structure may include a plurality of pins spaced apart from each other, and each of the plurality of pins may have a column shape. In addition, the planar shape of each of the plurality of pins may be a triangular or more polygonal, circular, or elliptical shape.

Further, in the second example embodiments, a case in which each of the plurality of passages constituting the channel230is separated from each other by molding the upper structure220is illustrated, but is not limited thereto. As another example embodiment, each of the plurality of passages may be separated from each other by a porous member or a pin structure formed in the channel230.

In the second example embodiments, the second group of the passages235may be physically separated from each other, not restricted within the above structure. As shown inFIG.6C, in a liquid cooling structure200′ of another example embodiment, the third passage235A and the fourth passage235B may be connected with each other through a first sub-passage236. Further, the fourth passage235B and the fifth passage235C may be connected with each other through a second sub-passage237. The first and second sub-passages236and237may function as to increase a supplying amount of the cooling fluid and the overlapped area between the cooling fluid and the memory module90. Further, in order to suppress a pressure drop generated by the first and second sub-passages236and237between the second group of the passages235, the first and second sub-passages236and237may have a height H′ lower than the height H of the second group of the passages235.

InFIG.6C, a case in which the first sub-passage236and the second sub-passage237are formed by molding the upper structure220is illustrated, but is not limited thereto. As another example embodiment, although not shown in the drawings, the first sub-passage236and the second sub-passage237may be formed by a porous member or a pin structure fixedly installed on the upper structure220. The porous member and the pin structure may be fixed to the lower structure210. It may serve to provide the first sub-passage236and the second sub-passage237having a height H′ lower than the height H of each of the second group of the passages235.

According to the second example embodiments, the liquid cooling structure200may include the lower structure210configured to cover the one surface of the object and the upper structure220combined with the lower structure210to provide the channel230through which the cooling fluid may flow. The channel230may include the passages branched from the region adjacent to the channel inlet231and joined at the region adjacent to the channel outlet232to improve the cooling efficiency of the object.

Further, the overlapped area and the overlapped region between the object and the channel230may be readily controlled by the passages of the channel230to more improve the cooling efficiency of the object.

Furthermore, the channel230may additionally include the connection passage234for controlling the temperature of the cooling fluid to more improve the cooling efficiency of the object.

Moreover, the overlapped area between the second group of the passages235and the memory module90may be larger than the overlapped area between the first group of the passages233and the memory module90to more improve the cooling efficiency of the object.

FIG.7is a perspective view illustrating a liquid cooling structure in accordance with third example embodiments,FIG.8is a plan view illustrating a liquid cooling structure in accordance with the third example embodiments,FIG.9Ais a cross-sectional view taken along a line A-A′ inFIG.8in accordance with the third example embodiments, andFIG.9Bis a cross-sectional view taken along a line B-B′ inFIG.8in accordance with the third example embodiments.

For conveniences of explanations, the same reference numerals in the first and second examples of embodiments may refer to the same element of the third example embodiments and any further illustrations with respect to the same element may be omitted herein for brevity.

Referring toFIGS.7,8,9A and9B, a liquid cooling structure300of the third example embodiments may include a heat dissipation pad80and a heat dissipation pipe302. In an embodiment, the heat dissipation pipe302may be a quadrangular heat dissipation pipe including a channel having at least one passage that has a cross-sectional shape that is substantially quadrangular. The heat dissipation pad80may be configured to cover one surface of a memory module90as the object. The heat dissipation pipe302may be configured to make contact with the heat dissipation pad80. The heat dissipation pipe302may be overlapped with the memory module90. The heat dissipation pipe302may include a channel360through which the cooling fluid may flow. The channel360may have a structure substantially similar to that of the channel230of the second example embodiments. That is, the channel360may include a channel inlet310, a channel outlet320and a connection passage340. The cooling fluid may enter into the liquid cooling structure300through the channel inlet310. The cooling fluid may exit from the liquid cooling structure300through the channel outlet320. The connection passage340may be positioned between the channel inlet310and the channel outlet320. The channel360may further include a first group of quadrangular passages330connected between the channel inlet310and the connection passage340, and a second group of quadrangular passages350connected between the connection passage340and the channel outlet320. An arrow in drawings may be the flowing direction of the cooling fluid. The cooling fluid may include, for example but not limited to, water.

The heat dissipation pad80may function as to a buffer member between the memory module90and the heat dissipation pipe302. Further, the heat dissipation pad80may function as to supplement a dead zone of the heat dissipation of the heat dissipation pipe302. Thus, the heat dissipation pad80may include an elastic material having a high thermal conductivity, for example, a thermal interface material (TIM). The heat dissipation pad80may be configured to fully cover the semiconductor devices96on the memory module90. Thus, the heat dissipation pad80may have a flat plate shape configured to fully cover the semiconductor devices96on one surface of the memory module90.

The heat dissipation pipe302having the channel360through which the cooling fluid may flow may include a readily processes material having a high thermal conductivity, for example, a metal. The heat dissipation pipe302may be formed by a press process, for example, a bulging process.

The channel360may have a structure substantially the same as the channel230of the second example embodiments. Particularly, the channel360may include the first group of the quadrangular passages330connected between the channel inlet310and the connection passage340, and the second group of the quadrangular passages350connected between the connection passage340and the channel outlet320. The first group of the passages330may include a first passage331and a second passage332. The second group of the passages350may include a third passage351, a fourth passage352and a fifth passage353.

The first group of the passages330including the first passage331and the second passage332in accordance with the first example embodiments may have a structure substantially the same as that of the first group of the passages233including the first passage233A and the second passage233B in accordance with the second example embodiments. The connection passage340of the third example embodiments may have a structure substantially the same as that of the connection passage234of the second example embodiments. The second group of the passages350including the third passage351, the fourth passage352and the fifth passage353in accordance with the third example embodiments may have a structure substantially the same as those of the second group of the passages235including the third passage235A, the fourth passage235B and the fifth passage235C in accordance with the second example embodiments. Thus, any further illustrations with respect to the channel360of the third example embodiments may be omitted herein for brevity.

Meanwhile, although not shown in the drawings, the second group of the passages350may further include sub-passages connecting between the third passage351and the fourth passage352, and between the fourth passage352and the fifth passage353. The sub-passages may have a height lower than that of the second group of the passages350.

In addition, in the third example embodiments, a case in which each of the plurality of passages constituting the channel360is separated from each other by molding the heat dissipation pipe302is illustrated, but is not limited thereto. As another example embodiment, each of the plurality of passages may be separated from each other by a porous member or a pin structure formed in the channel360.

According to the third example embodiments, the liquid cooling structure300may include the heat dissipation pipe302and the heat dissipation pad inserted between the heat dissipation pipe302and the object. Thus, the liquid cooling structure300may be readily attached to and detached from the object. Further, the liquid cooling structure300may be easily maintained and repaired.

Further, the heat dissipation pipe302may include the channel360including the passages branched from the region adjacent to the channel inlet310and joined at the region adjacent to the channel outlet320to improve the cooling efficiency of the object.

Further, the overlapped area and the overlapped region between the object and the channel360may be readily controlled by the passages of the channel360to more improve the cooling efficiency of the object.

Furthermore, the channel360may additionally include the connection passage340for controlling the temperature of the cooling fluid to more improve the cooling efficiency of the object.

Moreover, the overlapped area between the second group of the passages350and the memory module90may be larger than the overlapped area between the first group of the passages330and the memory module90to more improve the cooling efficiency of the object.

FIG.10andFIG.11are perspective view illustrating a liquid cooling structure in accordance with fourth example embodiments,FIG.12is a plan view illustrating a liquid cooling structure in accordance with the fourth example embodiments,FIG.13Ais a cross-sectional view taken along a line A-A′ inFIG.12in accordance with the fourth example embodiments,FIG.13Bis a cross-sectional view taken along a line B-B′ inFIG.12in accordance with the fourth example embodiments, andFIG.13Cis a cross-sectional view taken along a line B-B′ inFIG.12in accordance with another example embodiment.

For conveniences of explanations, the same reference numerals in the first to third example embodiments may refer to the same element of the fourth example embodiments and any further illustrations with respect to the same element may be omitted herein for brevity.

Referring toFIGS.10,12,13A and13B, a liquid cooling structure400of the fourth example embodiments may include a lower structure410, a porous member440and an upper structure420. The lower structure410may be configured to cover one surface of a memory module90as the object. The porous member440may be overlapped with the memory module90. The porous member440provides a channel430through which the cooling fluid may flow. The upper structure420may be combined with the lower structure410to seal the porous member440.

On the other hand, as shown inFIG.11, the liquid cooling structure400according to the fourth example embodiments may include a pin structure450instead of the porous member440. Like the porous member440, the pin structure450provides the channel430through which the cooling fluid may flow. Here, the pin structure450may include a plurality of pins spaced apart from each other, and each of the plurality of pins may have a column shape. In addition, the planar shape of each of the plurality of pins may be a triangular or more polygonal, circular, or elliptical shape.

The channel430may include a channel inlet431, a channel outlet432and a connection passage434. The cooling fluid may enter into the liquid cooling structure400through the channel inlet431. The cooling fluid may exit from the liquid cooling structure400through the channel outlet432. The connection passage434may be positioned between the channel inlet431and the channel outlet434. The connection passage434may function as to physically control a temperature of the cooling fluid. The channel430may further include a first group of quadrangular passages433connected between the channel inlet431and the connection passage434, and a second group of quadrangular passages435connected between the connection passage434and the channel outlet432. An arrow in drawings may be the flowing direction of the cooling fluid. The cooling fluid may include, for example but not limited to, water. The channel430according to the fourth example embodiments is substantially the same as the channel230according to the second example embodiments. Therefore, an additional description of the channel430will be omitted here for brevity.

In the fourth example embodiments, the second group of the passages435may be physically separated from each other, not restricted within the above structure. As shown inFIG.13C, in a liquid cooling structure400′ of another example embodiment, the third passage435A and the fourth passage435B may be connected with each other through a first sub-passage436. Further, the fourth passage435B and the fifth passage435C may be connected with each other through a second sub-passage437. The first and second sub-passages436and437may function as to increase a supplying amount of the cooling fluid and the overlapped area between the cooling fluid and the memory module90. Further, in order to suppress a pressure drop generated by the first and second sub-passages436and437between the second group of the passages235, the first and second sub-passages436and437may have a height H′ lower than the height H of the second group of the passages235.

According to the fourth example embodiments, the liquid cooling structure400has the channel430including the passages branched from the region adjacent to the channel inlet431and joined at the region adjacent to the channel outlet432to improve the cooling efficiency of the object.

In addition, by providing the porous member440or the pin structure450providing the channel430, it is possible to further improve the cooling efficiency of the object to be cooled.

FIG.14is a plan view illustrating a liquid cooling system in accordance with examples of embodiments.

Referring toFIG.14, a liquid cooling system10may include at least one liquid cooling structure510and a memory system500, a cooling fluid supply system14and a recirculation system16. The memory system500may include at least one memory module90. The cooling fluid supply system14may be configured to supply the cooling fluid to the memory system500. The recirculation system16may be configured to collect the cooling fluid circulated through the memory system500to have an increased temperature and to transfer the cooling fluid to the cooling fluid supply system14.

The liquid cooling structure510may include any one of the liquid cooling structures100,100′,200,200′,300,400and400′ of the first to fourth examples of embodiments. The memory module90as the object may include a PCB and a plurality of semiconductor devices. The PCB may include a connection terminal installed at the lower portion of the memory module90and electrically connected to a module socket. The semiconductor devices may be mounted on the PCB. The cooling fluid supply system14may include a pump and a cooler. The pump may be configured to move the cooling fluid. The cooler may be configured to re-cool the cooling fluid having the increased temperature received from the recirculation system16. The cooling fluid supply system14may continuously or discontinuously supply the cooling fluid to control a temperature of the memory system500. The recirculation system16may include a pump and a filter. The pump may be configured to collect the cooling fluid having the increased temperature by circulating the memory system500and to supply the cooling fluid to the cooling fluid supply system14. The filter may be configured to remove impurities from the cooling fluid having the increased temperature.

The liquid cooling system10may further include a system board12, a first manifold18and a second manifold20. The system board12may include a module socket configured to receive the memory system500. The first manifold18may be arranged at one side of the system board12. The first manifold18may be configured to receive the cooling fluid from the cooling fluid supply system14and to supply the cooling fluid to the liquid cooling structures510in the memory system500. The second manifold20may be arranged at the other side of the system board12. The second manifold20may be configured to supply the cooling fluid discharged from the liquid cooling structures510in the memory system500to the recirculation system16. Although not depicted in drawings, the first manifold18may include a plurality of valves configured to control fluxes and speeds of the cooling fluids supplied to the liquid cooling structures510in the memory system500.

FIG.15is a perspective view illustrating a memory system of a liquid cooling system in accordance with examples of embodiments.

Referring toFIG.15, a memory system400of this example embodiment may include a plurality of memory modules90and a plurality of liquid cooling structures510and a memory cover520. The liquid cooling structures510may be inserted into the memory modules90. An outermost memory module90in the memory system500may have one surface configured to make contact with the liquid cooling structure510and the other surface configured to make contact with the memory cover520.

The memory cover520may function as to a heat dissipation member. Further, the memory cover520may function as to closely contact the memory modules90with the liquid cooling structures510to improve heat exchange efficiency between the memory modules90and the liquid cooling structures510. Thus, the memory cover520may be combined with the memory system500in a tight fit. Further, the memory cover520may include a metal having a high thermal conductivity.

In examples of embodiments, the outermost memory module90in the memory system500may have one surface configured to make contact with the liquid cooling structure510and the other surface configured to make contact with the memory cover520, not restricted within the above structure. Alternatively, one surface and the other surface of the outermost memory module90in the memory system500may make contact with the different liquid cooling structures510. In this case, the outermost memory module90in the memory system400may have one surface configured to make contact with the memory module90and the other surface configured to make contact with the memory cover420.

FIGS.16and17are cross-sectional views illustrating a memory system of a liquid cooling system in accordance with examples of embodiments.

Referring toFIG.16, a memory system500may include a first memory module90-1and a second memory module90-2. The liquid cooling structure510may be inserted into a space between the first memory module90-1and the second memory module90-2. The liquid cooling structure510may be any one of the liquid cooling structures100,100′,200,200′,400and400′ of the first, second and fourth examples of embodiments. A reference numeral512may be a channel of the liquid cooling structure510and a reference numeral90may be a PCB of the memory modules90-1and90-2.

A surface of the first memory module90-1may be adjacent to the lower structure of the liquid cooling structure510. The surface of the first memory module90-1may be attached to the lower structure of the liquid cooling structure510using a thermal tape514. A surface of the second memory module90-2may be adjacent to the upper structure of the liquid cooling structure510. A heat dissipation pad516may be inserted into a space between the surface of the second memory module90-2and the upper structure of the liquid cooling structure510. That is, the surface of the second memory module90-2may make contact with the upper structure of the liquid cooling structure510via the heat dissipation pad516.

Referring toFIG.17, a memory system500may include a first memory module90-1and a second memory module90-2. The liquid cooling structure510may be inserted into a space between the first memory module90-1and the second memory module90-2. The liquid cooling structure510may be the liquid cooling structures300,400and400′ of the third and fourth example of embodiments. A reference numeral512may be a channel of the liquid cooling structure510and a reference numeral90may be a PCB of the memory modules90-1and90-2.

The first and second memory modules90-1and90-2may be positioned at both sides of the liquid cooling structure510. The heat dissipation pad516may be inserted into a space between the liquid cooling structure510and the first and second memory modules90-1and90-2.

The above described embodiments of the present disclosure are intended to illustrate and not to limit the present disclosure. Various alternatives and equivalents are possible. The embodiments are not limited by the embodiments described herein. Nor are the embodiments limited to any specific type of semiconductor device.