Automatic stationery handling method and apparatus

A method and apparatus are disclosed for automatically delivering discrete pieces of stationery, particularly envelopes, serially at a controlled rate from a stack of stationery into a programmable printing machine such as an automatic or a manual typewriter. Simultaneously, discrete pieces of stationery which have been printed by the typewriter are automatically fed back into the stack at the same rate at which they were delivered therefrom. The speed of operation of this automatic stationery handling apparatus is automatically coordinated to the speed at which discrete pieces of stationary can be processed by the programmable typewriter.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
This invention relates generally to the field of paper handling, and more 
particularly to a method and apparatus for automatically delivering 
discrete pieces of stationery from a stacked supply to a printing machine, 
such as a typewriter, and then transporting printed pieces of the 
stationary from the printing machine back to the stacked supply. 
Methods and apparatus for serially feeding discrete pieces of stationery to 
a machine are known in the art. In addition to the conventional manual 
feeding method, apparatus are known which semi-automatically feed 
envelopes to typewriters from a stacked supply. U.S. Pat. Nos. 1,707,080 
and U.S. Pat. No. 2,257,174 are illustrative of such prior art 
semi-automatic envelope feeding apparatus. In both of these apparatus the 
operator of the typewriter must take some affirmative action such as 
rotating the typewriter platen or also operating a lever in order to 
advance envelopes to the typewriter. 
The advent of programmable printing machines such as automatic typewriters 
has been very popular among businesses and organizations which do mass 
mailings. Such organizations and businesses desire to send the same letter 
to each of a large number of recipients. However, these organizations want 
their letters and envelopes to be individually typed rather than being 
printed, xeroxed, or similarly duplicated so that each letter will have a 
"personalized" appearance. If these "personalized" letters and envelopes 
were to be typed by individual typists rather than automatically, the 
costs would be prohibitive. When an automatic typewriter is employed, once 
programmed, it may be left unattended to rapidly type error-free 
"personalized" letters and envelopes as desired at substantial savings of 
labor. 
The result of this popularity of automatic programmable typewriters has 
been the creation of a need for more rapid methods and means of feeding 
stationery to such typewriters with an absolute minimum amount of human 
interposition. One answer has been the use of continuous form stationery 
which comprises an elongate web either comprising or supporting the 
stationery. Continuous form envelopes in one popular arrangement comprise 
a plurality of individual envelopes generally mounted in spaced 
relationship and aligned on an elongate web. The web may be passed through 
the automatic typewriter and positioned around the typewriter platen so 
that envelopes on the web are addressed as they are conveyed over the 
platen with the web. Such continuous form envelopes have some decided 
disadvantages. As contrasted with conventional envelopes of a similar 
size, this arrangement of continuous form envelopes today costs 
approximately five times as much. Additionally, the arrangement requires 
that the envelopes be disposed in spaced-apart relation along the web. 
This spacing of the envelopes along the web is translatable into the 
machine time involved in rotating the platen to advance the web from one 
envelope to the next adjacent one. Continuous form envelopes have been 
developed where the individual envelopes have been overlapped to some 
extent. Such overlapping permits the automatic typewriter to finish the 
bottom line on one envelope and then start typing the first line of the 
next succeeding envelope on the web, while requiring a smaller platen 
advance than required with the popular continuous form envelopes noted 
above. The overlapping, continuous form envelopes have not been well 
received by mass mailers. While there is a savings in machine operation 
time in the use of such overlapping continuous form envelopes, the manner 
in which such envelopes have been mounted has necessitated that an 
unattractive, ragged appearance be produced when such envelopes were 
removed from their supporting web. This ragged appearance detracts from 
the "personalized" letter. 
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
It is an object of this invention to provide a method and apparatus for 
serially supplying unconnected or discrete pieces of conventional 
stationery from a source of supply to an automatic or manually controlled 
typewriter which will type and then serially emit each typed piece for 
transport to a receiving station. 
It is a further object of this invention to provide a method and apparatus 
for serially supplying a plurality of conventional detached envelopes to 
an automatic manually controlled typewriter for addressing and then 
automatically transporting the typed envelopes back to the source of 
supply. 
In accordance with a preferred embodiment of this invention a method is 
disclosed for serially supplying a plurality of discrete pieces of 
stationery to a work processing machine, such as an automatic typewriter 
or the like. The method comprises the steps of providing a stack of 
stationery, e.g., envelopes, intermittently feeding one envelope at a time 
to a ready station, periodically releasing an envelope from the ready 
station into the machine in response to withdrawal of a finished envelope 
from the machine, and automatically removing and transporting the 
envelopes one at a time from the machine. 
In accordance with another aspect of this invention, there is provided an 
apparatus for feeding envelopes or the like to a work processing machine 
comprising a magazine for holding a stack of discrete pieces of stationery 
such as envelopes, structure including a releasable gate defining a ready 
station, the machine being disposed to receive envelopes released from the 
ready station, a feeding system for extracting one envelope at a time from 
the stack and transferring it to the ready station, another feeding system 
for receiving envelopes withdrawn from the machine and transferring them 
to a receiving station, and an actuating arrangement for operating the 
gate in response to withdrawing and feeding each envelope from the 
machine. 
As contemplated in one preferred embodiment of the invention, the envelopes 
are extracted one at a time from the magazine and transferred to the ready 
station by a motor driven conveyor. The conveyor is actuated in response 
to removal of an envelope from the ready station by opening of the gate. 
The presence of each envelope from the machine is detected and the gate is 
opened in response to such detection. Preferably, a belt conveyor system 
is provided for transferring the processed envelopes back to the original 
magazine, and this conveyor system also is actuated in response to 
detection of the presence of an envelope discharged by the machine. 
Other objects and a fuller understanding of the invention will be had from 
the following detailed description and the accompanying drawings.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT 
Referring to FIG. 1, a stationery handling apparatus 10 incorporating 
features of this invention is shown supported above a schematically 
illustrated work processing machine, such as a programmable printing 
machine 12 which may be an automatic typewriter. While not intended to be 
limiting of its scope or applicability, the present invention is disclosed 
as being embodied in an apparatus for feeding envelopes to and from the 
typewriter 12. The stationery handling apparatus 10 comprises a stationery 
supply and transport assembly 14 mounted by a swing-out mounting assembly 
16 which adjustably supports the assembly 14 in either an upright position 
over the typewriter 12 or in a position displaced from the region above 
the typewriter. 
The swing-out mounting assembly comprises a pair of spaced, aligned side 
brackets 18 which are inverted channel members. Each side bracket 18 
pivotally mounts a telescoping support sub-assembly 20. Each support 
sub-assembly 20 comprises an inner tubular member 22 pivotally mounted to 
a pivot block 24 secured to the respective bracket 18 at one of the series 
of holes 26. Each inner tubular member 22 supports an outer tubular member 
28 for telescopic movement. Such movement may be imparted to the member 28 
by a freely rotatable threaded rod 30 in the outer tubular member 28. The 
rod 30 is threadedly received in a cap (not shown) mounted within the 
member 22. Rotation of the rod 30 through the cap imparts telescopic 
movement to the member 28 with respect to the tubular member 22. A knob 32 
may be provided at the exposed end of the threaded rod 30 exterior of 
member 28 to faciliate turning. 
A laterally extending tubular portion 34 is brazed to each of the outer 
tubular members 28. With the brackets 18 disposed parallel to each other 
on opposed sides of the typewriter 12, the outer tubular members 28 are 
oriented so that the tubular supports 34 extend laterally toward each 
other. A tubular cross-piece 36 is provided to connect the telescoping 
support sub-assemblies 20. Each end of the tubular cross-piece 36 slidably 
receives one of the laterally extending tubular supports 34. 
The cross-piece 36 may be locked at each of its ends to the respective 
tubular supports 34 by conventional fastening means such as sheet metal 
screws 37 threaded through one wall of both tubular members (see FIG. 2). 
The cross-piece 36 is provided with a pair of spaced, transversely 
extending supports 38. The cross-piece 36 is mounted by the laterally 
extending supports 34 so that the outwardly extending supports 38 extend 
in a generally upward direction when the assembly 16 is disposed in an 
upright position over the typewriter 12. The stationery supply and 
transport assembly 14 is mounted to the swing-out mounting assembly 16 by 
suspending the supply and transport assembly 14 from the outwardly 
extending supports 38. Each support 38 mounts a threaded member 40 which 
engages a plate or boss 42 on the side of the adjacent stationery supply 
and transport assembly 14. The treaded member 40 may be provided with a 
knob 44 to facilitate threading of the member 40 into the plate 42. 
The swing-out capability of the mounting assembly 16 is provided by a 
link-lever sub-assembly pivotally mounted to each bracket 18. Each such 
link-lever sub-assembly comprises an elongate link 46 pivotally mounted at 
one end to the inner tubular member 22. The link 46 is extended back along 
the bracket 18 away from the typewriter 12 and is pivotally connected at 
its other end to a lever or handle 48 intermediate its ends by a pin 49. 
The handle 48 is itself pivotally mounted to a pivot block 50 attached to 
the frame 18. In FIG. 1, the link-lever assembly is illustrated in its 
extended position, thereby locking the swing-out assembly 16 with the 
assembly 14 in an upright position over the typewriter 12. To move the 
assembly 14 backward from its position over the typewriter 12, it is 
merely necessary to lower the handle 48 downward toward the bracket 18 to 
collapse the handle-link connection. Once the handle-link connection is 
collapsed, backward pivoting of the assembly 16 and supported assembly 14 
away from the typewriter can occur. (See FIG. 2). 
Rigidity of the support assembly 16 is achieved by providing a lower 
lateral rod 51 which is mounted to one of the pivot blocks 50. A lower 
tubular cross-piece 52 is connected to the other pivot block 50. The lower 
tubular cross-piece 52 extends toward and slidably receives rod 51. A 
conventional locking member 53 (See FIG. 2) is then employed to lock the 
telescoped rod 51 and tubular cross-piece 52. 
The disclosed mounting assembly 16 is advantageous because it permits the 
stationery feeding and receiving apparatus 10 to be utilized with a 
variety of sizes of programmable printing machines. Varying width machines 
are accommodated by moving the tubular cross-pieces 36 and 52 with respect 
to their laterally extending supports 34 and 51, respectively, so as to 
laterally adjust the position of the side brackets 18. Varying height 
machines are accommodated by rotating the knobs 32 so as to vertically 
adjust the tubular cross-piece 36 and structure supported thereby. The 
provision of holes 26 permits the assembly 16 to be adjustably positioned 
along the length of brackets 18 in order to accommodate various automatic 
typewriters having carriages of varying depth or having carriages which 
are positioned at different locations with respect to the back of the 
machine. 
The stationery supply and transport assembly 14 is illustrated in FIG. 2 in 
its upright position above the typewriter 12. In the illustrated upright 
position, the stationery exit path from the assembly 14 coincides with the 
stationery entry path into the typewriter 12 and the exit path from the 
typewriter coincides with the entry path back into the supply and 
transport assembly. 
Generally, the stationery supply and transport assembly 14, shown in 
enlarged scale in FIG. 3, comprises an adjustable stationery supply and 
storage magazine 60 which contains a stack of envelopes. The lower portion 
of the stack consists of envelopes yet to be typed. The upper portion of 
the stack is formed by envelopes which have already been typed and 
returned to the magazine for storage. The respective typed and untyped 
envelope stack portions are separated in the magazine by a separator plate 
62. The magazine 60 is mounted to the upper portion of the rear wall 70 of 
an elongate housing 54. A small housing 63 supports a conveyor belt 
delivery system 66 in contact with the lowermost envelope supported in the 
magazine 60. The delivery system 66 serially removes from the magazine 60 
each untyped envelope with which it is in contact and feeds each such 
piece into a conveyor or holding well 67 mounted to the wall 70 within the 
housing 63. The well 67 has top and bottom openings 67a, 67b aligned with 
the envelope path from the magazine to the typewriter. The bottom opening 
67b is selectively blocked or unblocked by a gate 112 to be more fully 
described later. The well 67 is an advanced holding position for a yet to 
be typed envelope immediately adjacent the stationery entry path into the 
typewriter 12. When the typewriter is ready to receive the envelope 
already in the holding well 67, that envelope is released from the well 67 
by the gate 112 and enabled to move along the stationery entry path into 
the typewriter 12. Typed envelopes being emitted by the typewriter 12 are 
received through a bottom wall opening 57 in housing 54. Such envelopes 
are engaged by an elevator assembly 56 mounted in the housing 54 and 
transported upward through the housing 54 to a slot 58 in the rear wall of 
the housing. Such typed pieces of stationery are then ejected through the 
slot 58 into magazine 60. 
Referring to FIG. 5, it is seen that the magazine 60 comprises a pair of 
right angle members 60a and 60b mounted in a facing relation to the back 
wall 70 of the housing 54. The angle members 60a, 60b each comprise a 
first vertical wall which extends outward from the back wall 70 of the 
main housing 54. Each angle member also comprises a second vertical wall 
which extends laterally from the outer end of the first wall, inward 
toward the facing angle member. The top of the magazine 60 is open at 61a 
so that a stack of untyped envelopes can be inserted into the magazine or 
a stack of typed envelopes can be removed therefrom. The bottom of the 
magazine is open at 61b so that the lowermost envelope communicates 
directly with the conveyor belt system 66 for delivery into the 
typewriter. 
As shown in FIG. 5, the angle members 60a, 60b, are mounted for lateral 
adjustment. Such lateral adjustment is provided by two spaced sets of 
elongate, horizontal slots 120a, 120b in opposed sides of the back wall 
70. Fasteners 121a, 121b, extend through the slots 120a, 120b to connect 
each of the members 60a, 60b to the back wall 70. Lateral adjustment of 
the facing angle members 60a, 60b with respect to each other is possible 
by loosening fasteners in order to effect such movement and then 
tightening the fasteners when desired positioning of the angle members 
60a, 60b with respect to the back wall 70 has been effected. 
The small housing 63 comprises a pair of side brackets 64 which are mounted 
to the sidewalls of the housing 54 and which support a C-shaped housing 
cover 65. The side brackets 64 each support one of the plates 42 for 
mounting on the swing-out mounting assembly 16. 
As shown in FIGS. 3 and 5, the conveyor belt delivery system 66 disposed in 
housing 63 comprises three conveyor belts 122a, 122b, and 122c. Each of 
the conveyor belts 122a, 122b, 122c is respectively mounted about pulley 
124a, 124b, 124c supported on a shaft 126 and about pulleys 128a, 128b, 
128c on a shaft 130. Motion is imparted to the conveyor belt delivery 
system 66 by a motor 132 (see FIG. 5) mounted in the housing 64. The drive 
shaft 133 of the motor 132 supports a pulley 134. A driving belt 136 is 
entrained around the pulley 134 and a pulley 138 mounted on the shaft 126. 
Activation of the motor rotates the lower pulley set 124a, 124b, and 124c 
to effect movement of the belts and displacement of an envelope supported 
thereon from the magazine 60 into the holding well 67. 
Referring to FIGS. 3-5, and particularly FIG. 4, the main housing 54 has a 
front wall 68 spaced from the backwall 70. The front wall 68 includes a 
window 69 which optically communicates with a portion of the path which 
typed envelopes follow as they are transported from the typewriter back to 
the magazine 60. This window permits an observer to monitor the typing on 
the envelopes. The housing 54 is also provided with end walls 72, 74. The 
end walls each support bearing blocks 73, 75 which in turn support the 
shafts rotating in the housing 54. 
The elevator assembly 56 disposed within the main housing 54 comprises a 
pair of driving belts 76a, 76b which cooperate with a pair of driven belts 
78a, 78b to transport envelopes or other stationery being processed 
substantially the length of the main housing 54. The driving belts 76a, 
76b are mounted about lower supported pulleys 80a, 80b supported on a 
shaft 81 and about upper pulleys 82a, 82b supported on a shaft 83. 
The pair of driven belts 78a, 78b are supported about three sets of 
pulleys. A lower pair of pulleys 84a, 84b are supported on a shaft 85 and 
are mounted adjacent the driving belt lower shaft supported pulleys 80a, 
80b. Two pairs of upper shaft supported pulleys 86a, 86b and 88a, 88b are 
supported on respective shafts 87 and 89 at the top of the housing 54 
adjacent the front and back walls 68, 70 respectively. This manner of 
supporting the pulley shafts 85, 87, 89 positions the mating belts 76a, 
76b and 78a, 78b so that they engage each other along a line which is 
substantially the length of the housing 54 and which extends more or less 
from the bottom wall opening 57 to the rear wall exit slot 58. The lower 
shaft supported pulleys 80a, 80b and 84a, 84b are arranged so that their 
respectively supported belts 76a, 76b and 78a, 78b engage each other 
intermediate the adjacent pulleys to define a pinch point 90 proximate the 
opening 57 in the bottom wall of the housing 54. The arrangement of the 
upper shaft pulleys 86a, 86b and 88a, 88b, above and at either side of the 
pulleys 82a, 82b causes the driven belts 78 to follow the driving belts 76 
part way around the circumference of pulleys 82a, and 82b. This partial 
wrap-around causes the belts 76a, 76b, and 78a, 78b to remain engaged 
until they reach a point proximate the rear wall exit slot 58. Discrete 
pieces of stationery such as individual envelopes being emitted by the 
typewriter 12 are directed upward into the pinch point 90 at which point 
they are engaged by the mating belts 76a, 76b and 78a, 78b. The mating 
belts transport the envelopes serially along their line of engagement to 
the region proximate the exit slot 58 through which the envelopes are then 
inserted into the magazine 60. 
The driving belts 76a, 76b are shown to be powered by an electrical motor 
92 mounted in the small housing 63. The motor drive shaft 94 mounts a 
pulley 96 around which a drive belt 98 is entrained. The drive belt 98 is 
also entrained around a pulley 100 mounted on a shaft 102 disposed in the 
main housing 54. The shaft 102 also supports a pulley 104 which entrains 
an intermediate drive belt 106. The drive belt 106 is also entrained about 
a pulley 108 which is mounted on drive shaft 83. 
The housing 54 supports a shaft 110 which pivotally mounts the gate 112. 
The gate 112 is operable between a first condition wherein the gate closes 
off an opening 67b at the base of the holding well 67 and a second 
condition wherein the gate 112 moves out of blocking relation with the 
opening 67b to allow passage out of the holding well 67 of any envelopes 
or other discrete piece of stationery. Pivoting of the gate 112 about the 
shaft 110 is effected by a solenoid 114 mounted in the housing 54. The 
solenoid 114 is interconnected with the shaft 110 via a pair of links 116, 
118. The link 116 is fixed at one end to the armature of the solenoid 114. 
The link 118 is fixed at one end to the shaft 110. The other ends of the 
links 116, 118 are pivotally interconnected. Activation of the solenoid 
114 and corresponding movement of its armature effects movement of the 
link 116 with respect to the link 118 so as to pivot the gate 112 
alternatively into and out of the path of stationery passing through the 
holding well 67. 
In order to operate the apparatus, a sensing and control system is 
employed. The sensing system, shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, comprises three lamp 
and photosensor units 150a, 150b, and 150c disposed in a housing 150 
placed within the housing 54 proximate the bottom opening 57. Since such 
sensing systems are conventionally available, this sensing system is shown 
only schematically. The units 150a, 150b, and 150c are operatively 
connected to the various motors by conventional control circuitry. A first 
lamp and photosensor unit 150a is disposed in the lower section of the 
housing 150 below the pinch point 90. The unit 150a detects the presence 
of an envelope or other piece of stationery being emitted from the 
typewriter 12 before that envelope reaches the pinch point 90. Unit 150a 
then signals conventional control circuitry connected to the motor 92. The 
elevator motor 92 is thereby activated to operate the elevator 56, and 
thus receive and remove the emitted envelope from the typewriter region. 
The same conventional control circuitry simultaneously activates the 
solenoid 114 so as to open the gate 112 and permit passage of an envelope 
or other piece of stationery from the holding well 67 to the typewriter 12 
for printing. 
The unit 150b, disposed above unit 150a, detects the absence of an envelope 
in the holding well 67. When the solenoid 114 is activated to permit the 
passage of an envelope from the holding well 67, the unit 150b signals 
conventional control circuitry connected to motor 132 for the conveyor 
belt delivery system 66. The system 66 then extracts the lowermost 
envelope in the magazine 60, and transfers that envelope into the holding 
well 67. 
The third unit 150c disposed above the unit 150b fully within the housing 
54, senses the presence of a typed envelope being transported by the 
elevator assembly 56. As long as such an envelope is sensed by unit 150c 
the conventional control circuitry will maintain the motor 92 operative 
and the elevator will keep transporting such an envelope upward. When that 
envelope moves out of the path of the unit 150c and when no succeeding 
envelope has yet moved into the path of unit 150a, the conventional 
control circuitry will deactivate the motor 92 and stop the elevator 
assembly 56. 
By employing sensor unit 150c above sensor 150a to detect the presence of 
the same envelope and control the elevator assembly, it is assured that 
the elevator assembly will continue to operate until the envelope being 
transported is carried well past the pinch point 90 before the elevator 56 
stopped. 
Consequently, when the next succeeding envelope is being emitted from the 
typewriter toward the pinch point 90, the previously emitted envelope will 
have been moved well past point 90. The chances of fouling the elevator 
assembly with a plurality of envelopes at the entrance 57 to housing 54 
will thus be minimized. 
The motors 92 and 132 are chosen so that motor 92 operates at a 
substantially higher RPM than the motor 132. The elevator system 56 
therefore will be able to receive an emitted envelope from the typewriter 
12 and transport that envelope from the typewriter past both sensor units 
150a, 150c before the conveyor delivery system 66 has an opportunity to 
eject an envelope from the magazine 60 into the holding well. The rapid 
passage of the emitted envelope past the units 150a, 150c will permit them 
to signal the related control circuitry that an envelope is no longer 
present so that the elevator assembly will be stopped and the solenoid 114 
deactivated. Thus, the gate 112 will be closed before an unprinted 
envelope is ejected into the holding well. Once the envelope is ejected 
into the holding well by the system 66, passage of that envelope to the 
typewriter 12 is blocked by the gate 112 until another envelope has been 
typed by the typewriter and is being emitted to the elevator system. 
It can be seen that the stationery handling apparatus operates in response 
to the typewriter. As the typewriter finishes typing one envelope, that 
typed envelope is removed and another untyped envelope is released into 
the machine. The speed of the motors 92 and 132 can be chosen to be 
sufficiently high that the stationery handling apparatus can feed 
envelopes to and remove envelopes from the typewriter as fast as the 
typewriter can process them. If it is desired to speed up the processing 
by the typewriter, the typewriter 12 may be set up initially with a series 
of overlapping envelopes in the typewriter. As each envelope is finished 
and emitted from the typewriter, a second, and perhaps even a third are 
already on the typewriter's platen waiting their turn to be typed. 
Meanwhile, another envelope is in the holding well 67 being delivered past 
the open gate 112 to the typewriter. 
The sequence of removing an envelope from the supply and transport assembly 
14 only as another envelope is returned thereto and the storing of typed 
and untyped envelopes in a single magazine permits a relatively constant 
number of envelopes to be stored in the magazine. Consequently, the load 
on the conveyor belt assembly 66 is always relatively constant. This 
narrow operating parameter gives rises to more consistent operation of the 
assembly 66 which does not have to meet a wide variety of operating 
conditions. 
Many modifications and variations of the invention will be apparent to 
those skilled in the art in the light of the foregoing detailed 
disclosure. Therefore, it is to be understood that, within the scope of 
the appended claims, the invention can be practiced otherwise than as 
specifically shown and described.