ANTENNA TILT RECOMMENDATIONS THROUGH ANTENNA FOOTPRINT ANALYSIS AND CONTAINMENT

Aspects provided herein provide methods, systems, and a non-transitory computer storage medium storing computer instructions for determining antenna tilt in a network are provided. The method begins with determining an inter-site distance for at least one adjacent cell site within a beam width of an antenna of at least one cell site. Next, the inter-site distance is calculated at a predetermined overlap with at least one adjacent antenna of an adjacent cell site. The antenna is then tilted to move the calculated inter-site distance to be within a half-power beam width of the antenna. A latitude and longitude within a half-power point of the beam width of the antenna is then calculated. The tilt angel of the antenna is then calculated.

BACKGROUND

Base stations in cellular networks need to be carefully sited to prevent unintentional interference to other cells in the network and to reduce overlap. The antenna also be tilted properly to avoid over-shooting and under-shooting. Overshooting signal may cause interference while undershooting signals may cause lack of signal or service to customers. Such over-shoots and under-shoots can produce interference and result in weaker reception to the customer. The 3 dB points of the antenna's elevation and azimuth main beamwidth pattern are often not properly modeled for the most efficient use of antenna performance characteristics. Current antenna tilt recommendations can fail to account for terrain, tall buildings, and fringe cell sites. In addition, cell sites' operational characteristics can change over time as buildings are added or additional cell sites are added nearby, necessitating a change in an antenna tilt.

SUMMARY

A high-level overview of various aspects of the present technology is provided in this section to introduce a selection of concepts that are further described below in the detailed description section of this disclosure. This summary is not intended to identify key or essential features of the claimed subject matter, nor is it intended to be used as an aid in isolation to determine the scope of the claimed subject matter.

According to aspects herein, methods and systems for determining antenna tilt in a network are provided. The method begins with determining an inter-site distance for at least one adjacent cell site within a beam width of an antenna of at least one cell site. Next, the inter-site distance is calculated at a predetermined overlap with at least one adjacent antenna of an adjacent cell site. The antenna is then tilted to move the calculated inter-site distance to be within a half-power beam width of the antenna. A latitude and longitude within a half-power point of the beam width of the antenna is then calculated. The tilt angel of the antenna is then calculated.

In a further embodiment, a system for determining antenna tilt in a network is provided. The system includes a processor and one or more computer storage hardware devices storing computer-usable instructions that, when used by the processor cause the processor to perform operations. The operations performed by the processor are: determine an inter-site distance for at least one adjacent cell site within a beam width of an antenna of at least one cell site; calculate the inter-site distance at a predetermined overlap with at least one adjacent antenna of an adjacent cell site; tilt the antenna to move the calculated inter-site distance to be within a half-power beam width of the antenna; calculate a latitude and longitude within a half power point of the beam width of the antenna; and calculate a tilt angle of the antenna.

An additional embodiment provides a non-transitory computer storage media storing computer-useable instructions that, when executed by one or more processors cause the processors to determine an inter-site distance for at least one adjacent cell site within a beam width of an antenna of at least one cell site. The processors then calculate the inter-site distance at a predetermined overlap with at least one adjacent antenna of an adjacent cell site. The processors then tilt the antenna to move the calculated inter-site distance to be within a half-power beam width of the antenna. A latitude and longitude within a half-power point of the beam width of the antenna is then calculated. The processors then calculate a tilt angle of the antenna.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

Throughout this disclosure, several acronyms and shorthand notations are employed to aid the understanding of certain concepts pertaining to the associated system and services. These acronyms and shorthand notations are intended to help provide an easy methodology of communicating the ideas expressed herein and are not meant to limit the scope of embodiments described in the present disclosure. The following is a list of these acronyms:

Further, various technical terms are used throughout this description. An illustrative resource that fleshes out various aspects of these terms can be found in Newton's Telecom Dictionary, 25th Edition (2009).

By way of background, a traditional telecommunications network employs a plurality of base stations (i.e., nodes, cell sites, cell towers) to provide network coverage. The base stations are employed to broadcast and transmit transmissions to user devices of the telecommunications network. An base station may be considered to be a portion of a base station that may comprise an antenna, a radio, and/or a controller. In aspects, a base station is defined by its ability to communicate with a user equipment (UE), such as a wireless communication device (WCD), according to a single protocol (e.g., 3G, 4G, LTE, 5G, or 6G, and the like); however, in other aspects, a single base station may communicate with a UE according to multiple protocols. As used herein, a base station may comprise one base station or more than one base station. Factors that can affect the telecommunications transmission include, e.g., location and size of the base stations, and frequency of the transmission, among other factors. The base stations are employed to broadcast and transmit transmissions to user devices of the telecommunications network. Traditionally, the base station establishes uplink (or downlink) transmission with a mobile handset over a single frequency that is exclusive to that particular uplink connection (e.g., an LTE connection with an EnodeB). In this regard, typically only one active uplink connection can occur per frequency. The base station may include one or more sectors served by individual transmitting/receiving components associated with the base station (e.g., antenna arrays controlled by an EnodeB). These transmitting/receiving components together form a multi-sector broadcast arc for communication with mobile handsets linked to the base station.

As used herein, “base station” is one or more transmitters or receivers or a combination of transmitters and receivers, including the accessory equipment, necessary at one location for providing a service involving the transmission, emission, and/or reception of radio waves for one or more specific telecommunication purposes to a mobile station (e.g., a UE), wherein the base station is not intended to be used while in motion in the provision of the service. The term/abbreviation UE (also referenced herein as a user device or wireless communications device (WCD)) can include any device employed by an end-user to communicate with a telecommunications network, such as a wireless telecommunications network. A UE can include a mobile device, a mobile broadband adapter, or any other communications device employed to communicate with the wireless telecommunications network. A UE, as one of ordinary skill in the art may appreciate, generally includes one or more antennas coupled to a radio for exchanging (e.g., transmitting and receiving) transmissions with a nearby base station. A UE may be, in an embodiment, similar to computing device1000described herein with respect toFIG.10.

As used herein, UE (also referenced herein as a user device or a wireless communication device) can include any device employed by an end-user to communicate with a wireless telecommunications network. A UE can include a mobile device, a mobile broadband adapter, a fixed location or temporarily fixed location device, or any other communications device employed to communicate with the wireless telecommunications network. For an illustrative example, a UE can include cell phones, smartphones, tablets, laptops, small cell network devices (such as micro cell, pico cell, femto cell, or similar devices), and so forth. Further, a UE can include a sensor or set of sensors coupled with any other communications device employed to communicate with the wireless telecommunications network; such as, but not limited to, a camera, a weather sensor (such as a rain gage, pressure sensor, thermometer, hygrometer, and so on), a motion detector, or any other sensor or combination of sensors. A UE, as one of ordinary skill in the art may appreciate, generally includes one or more antennas coupled to a radio for exchanging (e.g., transmitting and receiving) transmissions with a nearby base station.

In aspects, a UE provides UE data including location and channel quality information to the wireless communication network via the base station. Location information may be based on a current or last known position utilizing GPS or other satellite location services, terrestrial triangulation, an base station's physical location, or any other means of obtaining coarse or fine location information. Channel quality information may indicate a realized uplink and/or downlink transmission data rate, observed signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) and/or signal strength at the user device, or throughput of the connection. Channel quality information may be provided via, for example, an uplink pilot time slot, downlink pilot time slot, sounding reference signal, channel quality indicator (CQI), rank indicator, precoding matrix indicator, or some combination thereof. Channel quality information may be determined to be satisfactory or unsatisfactory, for example, based on exceeding or being less than a threshold. Location and channel quality information may take into account the user device capability, such as the number of antennas and the type of receiver used for detection. Processing of location and channel quality information may be done locally, at the base station or at the individual antenna array of the base station. In other aspects, the processing of said information may be done remotely.

A service state of the UEs may include, for example, an in-service state when a UE is in-network (i.e., using services of a primary provider to which the UE is subscribed to, otherwise referred to as a home network carrier), or when the UE is roaming (i.e., using services of a secondary provider providing coverage to the particular geographic location of the UE that has agreements in place with the primary provider of the UE). The service state of the UE may also include, for example, an emergency only state when the UE is out-of-network and there are no agreements in place between the primary provider of the UE and the secondary provider providing coverage to the current geographic location of the UE. Finally, the service state of the UE may also include, for example, an out of service state when there are no service providers at the particular geographic location of the UE.

The UE data may be collected at predetermined time intervals measured in milliseconds, seconds, minutes, hours, or days. Alternatively, the UE data may be collected continuously. The UE data may be stored at a storage device of the UE, and may be retrievable by the UE's primary provider as needed and/or the UE data may be stored in a cloud based storage database and may be retrievable by the UE's primary provider as needed. When the UE data is stored in the cloud based storage database, the data may be stored in association with a data identifier mapping the UE data back to the UE, or alternatively, the UE data may be collected without an identifier for anonymity.

In accordance with a first aspect of the present disclosure a method for determining antenna tilt in a network is provided. The method begins with determining an inter-site distance for at least one adjacent cell site within a beam width of an antenna of at least one cell site. Next, the inter-site distance is calculated at a predetermined overlap with at least one adjacent antenna of an adjacent cell site. The antenna is then tilted to move the calculated inter-site distance to be within a half-power beam width of the antenna. A latitude and longitude within a half-power point of the beam width of the antenna is then calculated. The tilt angel of the antenna is then calculated.

A second aspect of the present disclosure provides a system for determining antenna tilt in a network is provided. The system includes a processor and one or more computer storage hardware devices storing computer-usable instructions that, when used by the processor cause the processor to perform operations. The operations performed by the processor are: determine an inter-site distance for at least one adjacent cell site within a beam width of an antenna of at least one cell site; calculate the inter-site distance at a predetermined overlap with at least one adjacent antenna of an adjacent cell site; tilt the antenna to move the calculated inter-site distance to be within a half-power beam width of the antenna; calculate a latitude and longitude within a half power point of the beam width of the antenna; and calculate a tilt angle of the antenna.

Another aspect of the present disclosure is directed to a non-transitory computer storage media storing computer-useable instructions that, when used by one or more processors, cause the processors to determine an inter-site distance for at least one adjacent cell site within a beam width of an antenna of at least one cell site. The processors then calculate the inter-site distance at a predetermined overlap with at least one adjacent antenna of an adjacent cell site. The processors then tilt the antenna to move the calculated inter-site distance to be within a half-power beam width of the antenna. A latitude and longitude within a half-power point of the beam width of the antenna is then calculated. The processors then calculate a tilt angle of the antenna.

FIG.1illustrates an example of a network environment100suitable for use in implementing embodiments of the present disclosure. The network environment100is but one example of a suitable network environment and is not intended to suggest any limitation as to the scope of use or functionality of the disclosure. Neither should the network environment100be interpreted as having any dependency or requirement to any one or combination of components illustrated.

Network environment100includes UE devices102,104,106,108, and110, base station114(which may be a cell site or the like), and one or more communication channels112. The communication channels112can communicate over frequency bands assigned to the carrier. In network environment100, UE devices may take on a variety of forms, such as a personal computer (PC), a user device, a smart phone, a smart watch, a laptop computer, a mobile phone, a mobile device, a tablet computer, a wearable computer, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a server, a CD player, an MP3 player, a global positioning system (GPS) device, a video player, a handheld communications device, a workstation, a router, a hotspot, an extended reality device, and any combination of these delineated devices, or any other device (such as the computing device (1000) that communicates via wireless communications with the base station114in order to interact with a public or private network.

In some aspects, each of the UEs102,104,106,108, and110may correspond to computing device1000inFIG.10. Thus, a UE can include, for example, a display(s), a power source(s) (e.g., a battery), a data store(s), a speaker(s), memory, a buffer(s), a radio(s) and the like. In some implementations, for example, devices such the UEs102,104,106,108, and110comprise a wireless or mobile device with which a wireless telecommunication network(s) can be utilized for communication (e.g., voice and/or data communication). In this regard, the user device can be any mobile computing device that communicates by way of a wireless network, for example, a 3G, 4G, 5G, 6G, LTE, CDMA, or any other type of network.

In some cases, UEs102,104,106,108, and110in network environment100can optionally utilize one or more communication channels112to communicate with other computing devices (e.g., a mobile device(s), a server(s), a personal computer(s), etc.) through base station114. Base station114may be a gNodeB in a 5G or 6G network.

The network environment100may be comprised of a telecommunications network(s), or a portion thereof. A telecommunications network might include an array of devices or components (e.g., one or more base stations), some of which are not shown. Those devices or components may form network environments similar to what is shown inFIG.1, and may also perform methods in accordance with the present disclosure. Components such as terminals, links, and nodes (as well as other components) can provide connectivity in various implementations. Network environment100can include multiple networks, as well as being a network of networks, but is shown in more simple form so as to not obscure other aspects of the present disclosure.

The one or more communication channels112can be part of a telecommunication network that connects subscribers to their immediate telecommunications service provider (i.e., home network carrier). In some instances, the one or more communication channels112can be associated with a telecommunications provider that provides services (e.g., 3G network, 4G network, LTE network, 5G network, 6G network, and the like) to user devices, such as UEs102,104,106,108, and110. For example, the one or more communication channels may provide voice, SMS, and/or data services to UEs102,104,106,108, and110, or corresponding users that are registered or subscribed to utilize the services provided by the telecommunications service provider. The one or more communication channels112can comprise, for example, a 1× circuit voice, a 3G network (e.g., CDMA, CDMA2000, WCDMA, GSM, UMTS), a 4G network (WiMAX, LTE, HSDPA), a 5G network or a 6G network.

In some implementations, base station114is configured to communicate with a UE, such as UEs102,104,106,108, and110, that are located within the geographic area, or cell, covered by radio antennas of base station114. Base station114may include one or more base stations, base transmitter stations, radios, antennas, antenna arrays, power amplifiers, transmitters/receivers, digital signal processors, control electronics, GPS equipment, and the like. In particular, base station114may selectively communicate with the user devices using dynamic beamforming.

As shown, base station114is in communication with a network component130and at least a network database120via a backhaul channel116. As the UEs102,104,106,108, and110collect individual status data, the status data can be automatically communicated by each of the UEs102,104,106,108, and110to the base station114. Base station114may store the data communicated by the UEs102,104,106,108, and110at a network database120. Alternatively, the base station114may automatically retrieve the status data from the UEs102,104,106,108, and110, and similarly store the data in the network database120. The data may be communicated or retrieved and stored periodically within a predetermined time interval which may be in seconds, minutes, hours, days, months, years, and the like. With the incoming of new data, the network database120may be refreshed with the new data every time, or within a predetermined time threshold so as to keep the status data stored in the network database120current. For example, the data may be received at or retrieved by the base station114every 10 minutes and the data stored at the network database120may be kept current for 30 days, which means that status data that is older than 30 days would be replaced by newer status data at 10 minute intervals. As described above, the status data collected by the UEs102,104,106,108, and110can include, for example, service state status, the respective UE's current geographic location, a current time, a strength of the wireless signal, available networks, and the like.

The network component130comprises a memory132and an antenna tilt module134. All determinations, calculations, and data further generated by the antenna tilt module134may be stored at the memory132and also at the network database120. Although the network component130is shown as a single component comprising the memory132and antenna tilt module134it is also contemplated that each of the memory132and antenna tilt module134may reside at different locations, be its own separate entity, and the like, within the home network carrier system.

The network component130is configured to retrieve signal information, UE device information, slot configuration, latency information, including quality of service (QOS) information, and metrics from the base station114or one of the UE devices102,104,106,108, and110. The information may also include RF signal quality information, such as signal to interference and noise (SINR) ratio. UE device information can include a device identifier and data usage information. The information stored in memory132may be used by the antenna tilt module134.

FIG.2depicts a cellular network suitable for use in implementations of the present disclosure, in accordance with aspects herein. For example, as shown inFIG.2, each geographic area in the plurality of geographic areas may have a hexagonal shape such as hexagon representing a geographic area200having cells212,214,216,218,220,222,224, each including base station or base station114, backhaul channel116, antenna for sending and receiving signals over communication channels112, network database120and network component130. The size of the geographic area200may be predetermined based on a level of granularity, detail, and/or accuracy desired for the determinations/calculations done by the systems, computerized methods, and computer-storage media. A plurality of UEs may be located within each geographic area collecting UE data within the geographic area at a given time. For example, as shown inFIG.2, UEs202,204,206,208, and210, may be located within geographic area200collecting UE data that is useable by network component130, in accordance with aspects herein. UEs202,204,206,208, and210can move within the cell currently occupying, such as cell212and can move to other cells such as adjoining cells214,216,218,220,222and224.

FIG.3depicts a diagram of cell site coverage footprint, in which implementations of the present disclosure may be employed, in accordance with aspects herein. The group of cells300includes multiple base stations302,304,306, and308. Each base station302,304,306, and308is intended to cover a desired area, or footprint. The goal is for each base station302,304,306, and308to cover a footprint with an adequate coverage overlap between neighboring sites to ensure that contiguous coverage is provided. Base station302covers three adjacent cells, as do base stations304,306, and308.

FIG.4depicts containment between cell sites in an exemplary network environment, in which implementations of the present disclosure may be employed, in accordance with aspects herein. The second group of cells400includes base stations402,404,408,410, and412. Containment is needed for the second group of cells400because there may be unintentional interference to other cells in the network and it may be desirable to reduce cell overlap. Base station402covers three cells as shown by the gray color. However, base station404also covers three cells and one of the three cells covered by base station404is overlap cell406. Overlap cell406is covered by both base stations402and404and may have significant interference as a result.

Containment is a system or process to prevent unintentional interference to other cells in the group. Containment would not be needed for base station408as it covers three cells with no other base station having cell coverage in common. This is not the case for base stations410and412, both of which have cell overlap with overlap cell414. Base stations402,404,410and412could benefit from antenna tilt adjustments to reduce or eliminate cell overlap.

Antenna tilt adjustments can reduce interference by tilting down antennas that over-shoot the coverage area. This could potentially reduce interference for base stations402and404inFIG.4. Similarly interference between base stations410and412could be reduces by antenna tilt adjustments. In other cases, coverage area could be increased to provide greater coverage overlap. For example, base station408could be adjusted to increase the amount of antenna tilt, increasing the coverage area.

Antenna tilt settings can be adjusted based on antenna patterns, antenna heights. The ground terrain can also be taken into account. In hilly or mountainous areas ground terrain heights can vary greatly and the antenna tilt can be adjusted accordingly. Tall buildings may be treated similarly as terrain features. The inter-site distance may also be taken into account. Clutter data may also be factored in to the antenna tilt calculations.

FIG.5depicts cell edge methodology in an exemplary network environment, in which implementations of the present disclosure may be employed, in accordance with aspects herein. The effect of variations in antenna tilt is illustrated inFIG.5. The inter-site distance is the distance to the neighboring base station. Tilting the antenna downward significantly decreases the distance covered to less than 3 miles for the upper 3 dB point at a 55% site distance. At 75% site distance the upper 3 dB point may cover 3-4 miles, when the antenna is raised, decreasing the amount of antenna tilt. Further decreases in the antenna tilt produces an upper 3 dB point 4-5 miles at 100% site distance. When minimum tilt is used the upper 3 dB point may cover more than 5 miles, enough to overshoot the serving cell site and cause potential interference with neighboring cells.

FIG.6depicts antenna tilt calculation in an exemplary network environment, in which implementations of the present disclosure may be employed, in accordance with aspects herein. To calculate antenna tilt the process begins with finding the distance to all of the adjacent cell sites with the beam width of the antenna, as shown in the first block ofFIG.6. The calculation begins with determining the inter-site distance. The 10% overlap of the 3 dB point is calculated. Next, the distance to the point of 55% overlap is determined. Then, rotate the location to the main beam of the horizontal beam width, as shown in the middle block ofFIG.6. Next, latitude and longitude are calculated at the upper 3 dB point. Then the antenna tilt angle is calculated using the formula

Down tilt (3 dB)=(VBW/2)+Arctan[(h1+h2+h3)] where

VBW is the beam width and h1, h2, and h3 are the down elevation heights.

The result is the diagram showing the coverage of the antenna at the calculated antenna tilt angle. The calculations provide for 55% distance with 10% coverage overlap with contiguous coverage.

FIG.7depicts uphill terrain antenna tilt calculation in an exemplary network environment, in which implementations of the present disclosure may be employed, in accordance with aspects herein. The amount of antenna tilt may vary depending on the terrain. For example,FIG.7illustrates how the location of a 3 dB calculated without considering the terrain can affect coverage. The old 3 dB points shown inFIG.7are useless for any user located to the right of the hill. However, increasing the amount of antenna tilt provides a new 3 dB point is located at the top of the hill. The map and graph to the right illustrate a real world example of this adaptation of antenna tilt to provide improved coverage. WhileFIG.7illustrates a hill or natural terrain feature the same considerations apply in an urban environment with many tall buildings. In an urban environment it may also be possible to locate base stations on top of tall buildings and provide more narrowly focused coverage by using a greater amount of antenna tilt to ensure that adjacent cell sites are not adversely affected by increased interference.

FIG.8depicts a fringe site antenna tilt calculation in an exemplary network environment, in which implementations of the present disclosure may be employed, in accordance with aspects herein. The situation depicted inFIG.8is quite different from the terrain features ofFIG.7. InFIG.8, the terrain is flat, or nearly so, and the inter-site distance is more than 17 miles away, far greater than normal in a more dense network. As a result, the degree of antenna tilt is reduced, and based on the calculations above, a 2° tilt is used. This allows service using the more distant cell site, whereas using a more conventionally calculated tilt results in a 7° tilt. Too much antenna tilt in a flatter environment produces gaps in coverage. Coverage gaps result in dropped calls and dissatisfied customers.

FIG.9is a flow diagram of an exemplary method for determining antenna tilt in an exemplary network environment, in which aspects of the present disclosure may be employed, in accordance with aspects herein. The method900begins in step902with determining an inter-site distance for at least one adjacent cell site within a beam width of an antenna of at least one cell site. An inter-site distance may be the distance between two base stations. The base stations may serve adjacent cell sites. Next, in step904the method continues with calculating the inter-site distance at a predetermined overlap with at least one adjacent antenna of an adjacent cell site. The pre-determined overlap may be comprise the amount the coverage patterns of at least one antenna on an adjacent base station covers part of the coverage pattern of an antenna on an adjacent base station. Then in step906tilting the antenna to move the calculated inter-site distance to be within a half-power beam width of the antenna. The half-power beamwidth can be an angular width in degrees measured on the major lobe of an antenna radiation pattern at the half-power points. The half-power points can be the points at which the signal power of an antenna is half the peak power value. The method continues in step908with calculating a latitude and longitude within a half-power point of the beam width of the antenna. Then, in step910the method concludes with calculating a tilt angle of the antenna.

The predetermined overlap with at least one adjacent antenna of the adjacent cell site may be ten percent, to give one example. This provides the amount of overlap needed to ensure that UEs moving between the cell sites are not dropped. The ten percent overlap is calculated to occur at a predetermined percentage of the inter-site distance. The pre-determined percentage of the inter-site distance may be adjusted based on the nearness of adjacent cell sites and the congestion that may occur between the cell sites, as well as the interference potential of the two adjacent sites.

A half-power beam width may be used as a boundary beyond which the beams from the antenna will cause interference. The half-power point used in the calculations may be a 3 dB point. The 3 dB point may be used to adjust the antenna to allow signals to clear terrain points or provide greater coverage distance. The antenna tilt angle may be adjusted to provide clearance of terrain features or reduce coverage, such as when the antenna is mounted on a tall building or in a valley. Greater coverage distance may be preferable for fringe sites that are remote from other cell sites.

FIG.10depicts an exemplary computing device suitable for use in implementations of the present disclosure, in accordance with aspects herein. With continued reference toFIG.10, computing device1000includes bus1002that directly or indirectly couples the following devices: memory1004, one or more processors1006, one or more presentation components1008, input/output (I/O) ports1012, I/O components1010, radio1016, transmitter1018, and power supply1014. Bus1002represents what may be one or more busses (such as an address bus, data bus, or combination thereof). Although the devices ofFIG.10are shown with lines for the sake of clarity, in reality, delineating various components is not so clear, and metaphorically, the lines would more accurately be grey and fuzzy. For example, one may consider a presentation component such as a display device to be one of I/O components1010. Also, processors, such as one or more processors1006, have memory. The present disclosure hereof recognizes that such is the nature of the art, and reiterates thatFIG.10is merely illustrative of an exemplary computing environment that can be used in connection with one or more implementations of the present disclosure. Distinction is not made between such categories as “workstation,” “server,” “laptop,” “handheld device,” etc., as all are contemplated within the scope ofFIG.10and refer to “computer” or “computing device.”

Computing device1000typically includes a variety of computer-readable media. Computer-readable media can be any available media that can be accessed by computing device1000and includes both volatile and nonvolatile media, removable and non-removable media. By way of example, and not limitation, computer-readable media may comprise computer storage media and communication media. Computer storage media includes both volatile and nonvolatile, removable and non-removable media implemented in any method or technology for storage of information such as computer-readable instructions, data structures, program modules or other data. Computer storage media includes RAM, ROM, EEPROM, flash memory or other memory technology, CD-ROM, digital versatile disks (DVD) or other optical disk storage, magnetic cassettes, magnetic tape, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices. Computer storage media does not comprise a propagated data signal.

Memory1004includes computer-storage media in the form of volatile and/or nonvolatile memory. Memory1004may be removable, nonremovable, or a combination thereof. Exemplary memory includes solid-state memory, hard drives, optical-disc drives, etc. Computing device1000includes one or more processors1006that read data from various entities such as bus1002, memory1004or I/O components1010. One or more presentation components1008present data indications to a person or other device. Exemplary one or more presentation components1008include a display device, speaker, printing component, vibrating component, etc. I/O ports1012allow computing device1000to be logically coupled to other devices including I/O components1010, some of which may be built into computing device1000. Illustrative I/O components1010include a microphone, joystick, game pad, satellite dish, scanner, printer, wireless device, etc.

The radio1016represents one or more radios that facilitate communication with a wireless telecommunications network. While a single radio1016is shown inFIG.10, it is contemplated that there may be more than one radio1016coupled to the bus1002. In aspects, the radio1016utilizes a transmitter1018to communicate with the wireless telecommunications network. It is expressly conceived that a computing device with more than one radio1016could facilitate communication with the wireless telecommunications network via both the first transmitter1018and an additional transmitters (e.g. a second transmitter). Illustrative wireless telecommunications technologies include CDMA, GPRS, TDMA, GSM, and the like. The radio1016may additionally or alternatively facilitate other types of wireless communications including Wi-Fi, WiMAX, LTE, 3G, 4G, LTE, 5G, NR, VOLTE, or other VoIP communications. As can be appreciated, in various embodiments, radio1016can be configured to support multiple technologies and/or multiple radios can be utilized to support multiple technologies. A wireless telecommunications network might include an array of devices, which are not shown so as to not obscure more relevant aspects of the invention. Components such as a base station, a communications tower, or even base stations (as well as other components) can provide wireless connectivity in some embodiments.