Heat pump system for vehicle

A heat pump system for a vehicle may include a cooling device including a radiator connected to a cooling line and a first water pump to cool an electric component; a battery module provided on a battery cooling line selectively connectable to the cooling line through a first valve; a heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) module including an internal heater connected to the cooling line through a first connection line, a cooler connected to the battery cooling line through a second connection line, and an opening or closing door provided between the internal heater and the cooler and controlling external air passing through the cooler to be selectively introduced into the internal heater depending on cooling, heating, and heating and dehumidifying modes of the vehicle; and a centralized energy (CE) module connected to each of the battery cooling line and the cooling line.

CROSS-REFERENCE(S) TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

The present application claims priority to Korean Patent Application No. 10-2016-0144494 filed on Nov. 1, 2016, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein for all purposes by this reference.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Field of the Invention

The present invention relates to a heat pump system for a vehicle. More particularly, the present invention relates to a heat pump system for a vehicle capable of cooling and heating an interior of the vehicle selectively using a high-temperature coolant and a low-temperature coolant.

Description of Related Art

Generally, an air conditioner for a vehicle includes an air conditioner device circulating a refrigerant to heat or cool an interior of the vehicle.

The air conditioner device, which is to maintain the interior of the vehicle at an appropriate temperature regardless of a change in an external temperature to maintain a comfortable interior environment, is configured to heat or cool the interior of the vehicle by heat exchange by an evaporator in a process in which a refrigerant discharged by driving of a compressor is circulated to the compressor through a condenser, a receiver drier, an expansion valve, and the evaporator.

That is, the air conditioner device lowers a temperature and a humidity of the interior by condensing a high-temperature high-pressure gas-phase refrigerant compressed from the compressor by the condenser, passing the refrigerant through the receiver drier and the expansion valve, and then evaporating the refrigerant in the evaporator in a cooling mode in summer.

Meanwhile, recently, in accordance with a continuous increase in an interest in energy efficiency and an environmental pollution problem, the development of an environmentally-friendly vehicle capable of substantially substituting for an internal combustion engine vehicle has been demanded, and the environmentally-friendly vehicle is generally classified into an electric vehicle driven using a fuel cell or electricity as a power source and a hybrid vehicle driven using an engine and a battery.

In the electric vehicle or the hybrid vehicle among these environmentally-friendly vehicles, a separate heater is not used unlike an air conditioner of a general vehicle, and an air conditioner used in the environmentally-friendly vehicle is generally called a heat pump system.

Meanwhile, the electric vehicle generates driving force by converting chemical reaction energy between oxygen and hydrogen into electric energy. In the present process, heat energy is generated by a chemical reaction in a fuel cell. Therefore, it is necessary in securing performance of the fuel cell to effectively remove generated heat.

In addition, the hybrid vehicle generates driving force by driving a motor using electricity supplied from the fuel cell described above, or an electrical battery, together with an engine operated by a general fuel. Therefore, heat generated from the fuel cell or the battery and the motor should be effectively removed to secure performance of the motor.

Therefore, in the hybrid vehicle or the electric vehicle according to the prior art, a cooling device, a heat pump system, and a battery cooling system should be configured using separate closed circuits, respectively, to prevent heat generation of the motor, an electric component, and the battery including the fuel cells.

Therefore, a size and a weight of a cooling module disposed at the front of the vehicle are increased, and a layout of connection pipes supplying a refrigerant or a coolant to each of the heat pump system, the cooling device, and the battery cooling system in an engine compartment becomes complicated.

In addition, since the battery cooling system heating or cooling the battery depending on a state of the vehicle is separately provided so that the battery exhibits optimal performance, a plurality of valves for connecting the respective connection pipes to each other are used, and noise and vibrations due to frequent opening or closing operations of these valves are transferred to the interior of the vehicle, wherein a ride comfort deteriorates.

BRIEF SUMMARY

Various aspects of the present invention are directed to providing a heat pump system for a vehicle having the advantages of selectively exchanging thermal energy generated from a refrigerant at the time of condensing and evaporating the refrigerant with heat of a coolant, and controlling an internal temperature of the vehicle using a low-temperature coolant or a high-temperature coolant of which the heat is exchanged.

Further, various aspects of the present invention are directed to providing a heat pump system for a vehicle having advantages of improving the heating efficiency of the vehicle using waste heat of an electric component and a battery module, and increasing an entire travel distance of the vehicle by efficiently controlling a temperature of the battery module so that the battery module exhibits optimal performance.

Various aspects of the present invention are directed to providing a heat pump system for a vehicle, including: a cooling device including a radiator connected to a cooling line and a first water pump and circulating a coolant along the cooling line to cool an electric component; a battery module provided on a battery cooling line selectively connectable to the cooling line through a first valve; a heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) module including an internal heater connected to the cooling line through a first connection line, a cooler connected to the battery cooling line through a second connection line, and an opening or closing door provided between the internal heater and the cooler and controlling external air passing through the cooler to be selectively introduced into the internal heater depending on cooling, heating, and heating and dehumidifying modes of the vehicle; and a centralized energy (CE) module connected to each of the battery cooling line and the cooling line, exchanging thermal energy generated at the time of condensing and evaporating a refrigerant circulated therein with heat of a coolant, and supplying a low-temperature or high-temperature coolant of which the heat is exchanged to the HVAC module; wherein the CE module is further provided with a sub-condenser which further condenses the refrigerant so that the condensing amount of the refrigerant is increased.

The CE module may include: a condenser provided on the cooling lines connected to each other through a second valve provided on the cooling line between the radiator and the battery module, and a third valve provided on the cooling line between the electric component and the first valve; the sub-condenser connected to the condenser through a refrigerant line, and an expansion valve connected to the sub-condenser through a refrigerant line; an evaporator connected to the expansion valve through the refrigerant line and provided on the battery cooling line between the battery module and the first valve; and a compressor provided on the refrigerant line between the evaporator and the condenser.

The first valve may connect the cooling line connected to the electric component and the battery cooling line to each other between the radiator and the evaporator, and the first connection line may selectively connect the cooling line and the internal heater to each other through the second valve and the third valve.

A first branch line connecting the evaporator and the battery module to each other through the first valve may be provided on the battery cooling line, the second connection line may be connected to the battery cooling line through a fourth valve between the evaporator and the battery module connected to each other through the first branch line, and a second branch line connected to the cooling line between the radiator and the first water pump through a fifth valve may be provided on the cooling line connecting between the electric component and the radiator.

A reservoir tank connected to the second branch line may be provided between the radiator and the first water pump.

The second and third valves may be a four-way valve.

The first, fourth and fifth valve may be three-way valve.

In the case of cooling the electric component in the cooling mode of the vehicle, the first branch line may be opened through an operation of the first valve and the second connection line may be opened in a state in which the battery cooling line connected to the battery module is closed through an operation of the fourth valve, the first connection line may be closed and the cooling line connecting the electric component and the condenser to each other may be opened, through operations of the second and third valves, the connection between the cooling line and the battery cooling line may be closed through operations of the first to third valves, the cooling line connecting the electric component and the radiator to each other may be opened in a state in which the second branch line is closed through an operation of the fifth valve, and the refrigerant may be circulated in the CE module.

The sub-condenser may be configured as an air-cooled type and further condense the refrigerant, condensed through heat-exchange with the coolant in the condenser, through heat exchange with the external air so that the condensing amount of the refrigerant is increased. The evaporator may exchange heat between a coolant circulated along the battery cooling line and a low-temperature refrigerant evaporated therein and supplies a low-temperature coolant to the cooler, in the cooling mode of the vehicle.

In the case of cooling the battery module together with the electric component in the cooling mode of the vehicle, the battery cooling line connected to the battery module may be opened through an operation of the fourth valve.

In the case of recovering waste heat of the battery module and the electric component in the heating mode of the vehicle, the first branch line may be closed through an operation of the first valve and the second connection line may be closed in a state in which the battery cooling line connected to the battery module is opened through an operation of the fourth valve, the cooling line connecting the electric component and the condenser to each other and the first connection line may be opened through operations of the second and third valves, the cooling line may be connected to the battery cooling line through operations of the first to third valves, the cooling line connecting the electric component and the radiator to each other may be closed in a state in which the second branch line is opened through an operation of the fifth valve, and the refrigerant may be circulated in the CE module.

The waste heat generated in the electric component and the battery module may raise the temperature of a coolant circulated along the cooling line and the battery cooling line, and the coolant of which the temperature is raised may raise a temperature of a refrigerant exhausted from the evaporator.

In the case of recovering the waste heat from only the battery module in the heating mode of the vehicle, the first branch line may be opened through an operation of the first valve, and the connection between the cooling line and the battery cooling line may be closed through operations of the first to third valves.

In the heating and dehumidifying mode of the vehicle, the first branch line may be opened through an operation of the first valve and the second connection line may be opened in a state in which the battery cooling line connected to the battery module is closed through an operation of the fourth valve, the cooling line connecting the electric component and the condenser to each other and the first connection line may be opened through operations of the second and third valves, the connection between the cooling line and the battery cooling line may be closed through operations of the first to third valves in a state in which an operation of the first water pump is stopped, and the refrigerant may be circulated in the CE module.

The condenser and the evaporator may be formed of a water cooling type heat exchanger into which a coolant is introduced through the cooling line and the battery cooling line.

The condenser may further include a receiver drier, and a refrigerant heater may be disposed on the refrigerant line between the compressor and the evaporator.

On the refrigerant line between the compressor and the evaporator, each of an accumulator and a refrigerant heater may be disposed.

A heater may be provided on the battery cooling line between the battery module and the evaporator, and the heater may be selectively turned on to heat a coolant circulated along the battery cooling line and introduce the heated coolant into the battery module.

In the case of raising a temperature of the battery module, the circulation of the refrigerant in the CE module may be stopped, and the first branch line may be connected to the battery cooling line, and the connection between the battery cooling line and the cooling line may be closed through an operation of the first valve.

A second water pump may be provided on the battery cooling line and a third water pump may be provided on the first connection line.

The refrigerant circulated in the CE module may be an R152-a or R744 refrigerant.

The electric component may include a motor, an electric power control unit (EPCU), and an on-board charger (OBC), and the motor and the electric power control unit may generate heat while being driven, and the on-board charger may generate heat in the case of charging the battery module.

As described above, according to the heat pump system for a vehicle according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the thermal energy generated from the refrigerant at the time of condensing and evaporating the refrigerant is exchanged with the heat of the coolant, and an internal temperature of the vehicle is controlled using the low-temperature or high-temperature coolant of which the heat is exchanged, making it possible to simplify the heat pump system for a vehicle and simplify a layout of connection pipes through which the refrigerant is circulated.

In addition, the heat pump system for a vehicle may improve heating efficiency of the vehicle using the waste heat of the electric component and the battery module, and may increase an entire travel distance of the vehicle by efficiently controlling the temperature of the battery module so that the battery module exhibits optimal performance.

In addition, the Centralized Energy (CE) module generating thermal energy through the condensation and evaporation of the refrigerant is packaged, and the high-performance R152-a or R744 refrigerant is used, wherein a size and a weight may be reduced, and generation of noise, vibrations, and operation instability may be prevented as compared with an air conditioner device according to the prior art.

In addition, the CE module further includes the sub-condenser heat-exchanged with an external air to increase a condensing amount of the refrigerant improving the cooling performance and efficiency.

Further, the entire heat pump system for a vehicle is simplified, making it possible to reduce a cost required for manufacturing the heat pump system for a vehicle and a weight of the heat pump system for a vehicle and improve space utilization.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

In addition, the terms “˜unit”, “˜means”, “˜part”, “˜member”, and the like, described in the specification mean units of a comprehensive configuration for performing at least one function or operation.

FIG. 1is a block diagram of a heat pump system for a vehicle according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

The heat pump system1for a vehicle according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention exchanges thermal energy generated in a refrigerant at the time of condensing and evaporating the refrigerant with heat of a coolant to perform a cooling or heating mode of the vehicle only using a low-temperature or high-temperature coolant.

The heat pump system1for a vehicle is used in an electric vehicle. Referring toFIG. 1, the heat pump system1for a vehicle includes a cooling device10, a battery module B, a heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) module30, and a centralized energy (CE) module40.

First, the cooling device10includes a radiator12connected to cooling lines11and a first water pump14, and circulates a coolant along the cooling lines11to cool an electric component15.

Here, the electric component15may include a motor16and an electric power control unit (EPCU)17and an on-board charger (OBC)18disposed at both sides of the motor16.

The motor16and the electric power control unit17may generate heat while being driven, and the on-board charger18may generate heat in the case of charging the battery module B.

Therefore, in the case of recovering waste heat from the electric component15in the heating mode of the vehicle, the heat generated from the motor16and the electric power control unit17is recovered, and the heat generated from the on-board charger18may be recovered at the time of charging the battery module B.

The radiator12is disposed at the front of the vehicle, and has a cooling fan13disposed therebehind to cool the coolant through an operation of the cooling fan13and heat-exchange with the external air.

The cooling device10configured as described above circulates the coolant cooled in the radiator12along the cooling lines11through an operation of the first water pump14to cool the electric component15to not be overheated.

The battery module B is provided on a battery cooling line21selectively connectable to the cooling line11through a first valve V1.

The battery module B supplies power to the electric component, and is a water cooling type battery module cooled by a coolant flowing along the battery cooling line21. Here, a second water pump23is disposed on the battery cooling line21.

The second water pump23is disposed on the battery cooling line21between the radiator12and the battery module B. The second water pump23is operated to circulate the coolant through the battery cooling lines21.

That is, the battery module B is connected to the cooling device10through the battery cooling line21, and the coolant may be circulated in the battery module B through an operation of the second water pump23.

In the present exemplary embodiment, the HVAC module30includes an internal heater31, a cooler33, and an opening or closing door35.

The internal heater31is connected to the cooling line11through a first connection line50. The cooler33is connected to the battery cooling line21through a second connection line60.

In addition, the opening or closing door35is disposed between the internal heater31and the cooler33. The opening or closing door35controls the external air passing through the cooler33to be selectively introduced into the internal heater31depending on cooling, heating, and heating and dehumidifying modes of the vehicle.

That is, in the heating mode of the vehicle, the opening or closing door35is opened so that the external air passing through the cooler33is introduced into the internal heater31. To the contrary, in the cooling mode of the vehicle, the opening or closing door35closes the internal heater31so that the external air cooled while passing through the cooler33is directly introduced into an internal of the vehicle.

The CE module40is connected to each of the cooling line11and the battery cooling line21. The CE module40exchanges the thermal energy generated at the time of condensing and evaporating a refrigerant circulated therein with heat of a coolant, and supplies a low-temperature or high-temperature coolant of which the heat is exchanged to the HVAC module30.

Here, the refrigerant is a high-performance R152-a or R744 refrigerant.

That is, the high-temperature coolant is supplied to the internal heater31through the first connection line50, and the low-temperature coolant is supplied to the cooler33through the second connection line60.

Here, the CE module40includes a condenser42, a sub-condenser44, an expansion valve45, an evaporator46, and a compressor48connected to one another through a refrigerant line41.

First, the condenser42is disposed on the cooling lines11connected to each other through a second valve V2disposed on the cooling line11between the radiator12and the battery module B and a third valve V3disposed on the cooling line11between the electric component15and the first valve V1.

The condenser42exchanges heat between a refrigerant introduced thereinto and a coolant to condense the refrigerant, and supplies thermal energy generated at the time of condensing the refrigerant to the coolant to raise a temperature of the coolant.

The sub-condenser44further condenses the refrigerant wherein the condensing amount of the refrigerant is increased. The sub-condenser44is connected to the condenser42through the refrigerant line41.

Herein, the sub-condenser44is configured of an air-cooled type for condensing the refrigerant by exchanging heat with the external air. The sub-condenser44further condense the refrigerant, condensed through heat-exchange with the coolant in the condenser42, through heat exchange with the external air so that the condensing amount of the refrigerant is increased.

The CE module40may apply the sub-condenser44to lower the temperature of the refrigerant wherein the sub-cool is formed, improving the cooling performance and efficiency through increasing the condensing amount of the refrigerant during operating the cooling mode of the vehicle.

The expansion valve45is connected to the sub-condenser44through the refrigerant line41. The expansion valve45receives and expands the refrigerant passing through the sub-condenser44.

The expansion valve45may be a mechanical expansion valve or an electronic expansion valve.

The evaporator46is connected to the expansion valve45through refrigerant line41. The evaporator46is disposed on the battery cooling line21between the battery module B and the first valve V1.

The evaporator46exchanges heat between a refrigerant introduced thereinto and a coolant to evaporate the refrigerant, and supplies low-temperature thermal energy generated at the time of evaporating the refrigerant to the coolant to lower a temperature of the coolant.

Here, the condenser42and the evaporator46may be formed of a water cooling type heat exchanger into which a coolant is introduced through the cooling line11and the battery cooling line21.

In addition, the compressor48is disposed on the refrigerant line41between the evaporator46and the condenser42. The compressor48compresses a gaseous refrigerant exhausted from the evaporator46.

Here, the condenser42may further include a receiver drier43. In the present exemplary embodiment, the receiver drier43is configured integrally with the condenser42. In addition, a refrigerant heater49may be disposed on the refrigerant line41between the compressor48and the evaporator46.

The refrigerant heater49heats the refrigerant and supplies the heated refrigerant to the compressor48to further raise a temperature of the coolant through a rise in a temperature of the refrigerant, making it possible to promote heating performance improvement.

Here, the first valve V1connects the cooling line11connected to the electric component15and the battery cooling line21to each other between the radiator12and the evaporator46.

In addition, the first connection line50selectively connects the cooling line11and the internal heater31to each other through the second valve V2and the third valve V3.

Here, a third water pump52may be provided on the first connection line50. The third water pump52circulates the coolant through the first connection line50.

Meanwhile, the first, second and third water pumps14,23, and52may be an electric water pump.

That is, the high-temperature coolant of which the temperature is raised while passing through the condenser42is introduced into the internal heater31through the first connection line50opened through the second and third valves V2and V3.

Meanwhile, in the present exemplary embodiment, a first branch line70connecting the evaporator46and the battery module B through the first valve V1is provided on the battery cooling line21.

The first valve V1selectively connects the cooling line11and the battery cooling line21to each other, or selectively connects the battery cooling line21and the first branch line70to each other to control a flow of the coolant.

That is, the first valve V1may connect the cooling line11connected to the radiator12and the battery cooling line21to each other and close the first branch line70, in the case of cooling the battery module B using the coolant cooled in the radiator12.

In addition, the first valve V1may open the first branch line70and close connection between the cooling line11and the battery cooling line21in the case of raising a temperature of the battery module B or in the case of cooling the battery module B using the coolant exchanging the heat with the refrigerant.

Therefore, the low-temperature coolant of which the heat exchange with the refrigerant is completed in the evaporator46is introduced into the battery module B through the first branch line70opened by the first valve V1, making it possible to efficiently cool the battery module B.

In the present exemplary embodiment, the second connection line60is connected to the battery cooling line21through a fourth valve V4between the evaporator46and the battery module B connected to each other through the first branch line70.

The fourth valve V4selectively opens or closes the battery cooling line21connected to the battery module B, and selectively connects the second connection line60and the battery cooling line21to each other to supply the low-temperature coolant to the cooler33.

In addition, a second branch line80connected to the cooling line11between the radiator12and the first water pump14through a fifth valve V5may be provided on the cooling line11connecting between the electric component15and the radiator12.

The second branch line80is selectively opened through an operation of the fifth valve V5in the case of absorbing the waste heat generated in the electric component15and the battery module B to raise a temperature of the coolant. In the present case, the cooling line11connected to the radiator12is closed through the operation of the fifth valve V5.

Meanwhile, a reservoir tank19connected to the second branch line80may be disposed between the radiator12and the first water pump14. The coolant introduced from the radiator12and cooled may be stored in the reservoir tank19.

Here, the second and third valves may be a four-way valve, the first, fourth and fifth valves may be a three-way valve that may distribute a flow rate.

Meanwhile, in the present exemplary embodiment, the CE module40may further include an accumulator47instead of the receiver driver43, as illustrated inFIG. 2.

FIG. 2is s schematic view illustrating another example of a CE module used in the heat pump system for a vehicle according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

Referring toFIG. 2, the accumulator47is disposed on the refrigerant line41between the evaporator46and the compressor48. The accumulator47supplies only a gaseous refrigerant to the compressor48to improve efficiency and durability of the compressor48.

That is, in the CE module40, the accumulator47may be removed in the case in which the receiver drier43is provided, and the accumulator47may be provided instead of the receiver drier43in the case in which the receiver drier43is not provided.

Meanwhile, although a case in which the refrigerant heater49is disposed on the refrigerant line41has been described by way of example in the present exemplary embodiment, the present invention is not limited thereto. The refrigerant heater49may be selectively removed, when necessary.

Hereinafter, operations and actions, in each mode, of the heat pump system1for a vehicle according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention configured as described above will be described in detail with reference toFIG. 3toFIG. 6.

First, an operation in the case of cooling the electric component15in the cooling mode of the vehicle will be described with reference toFIG. 3.

FIG. 3is a view showing an operation state depending on a cooling mode of a vehicle in the heat pump system for a vehicle according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

Referring toFIG. 3, the cooling device10is operated to cool the electric component15. In addition, the respective components of the CE module40are operated to cool the internal of the vehicle, wherein the refrigerant is circulated along the refrigerant line41.

Here, the first branch line70is opened through an operation of the first valve V1.

The second connection line60is opened in a state in which the battery cooling line21connected to the battery module B is closed through an operation of the fourth valve V4.

In addition, the first connection line50is closed and the cooling line11connecting the electric component15and the condenser42is opened, through operations of the second and third valves V2and V3.

Here, the connection between the cooling line11and the battery cooling line21is closed through operations of the first, second and third valves V1, V2and V3.

In addition, the second branch line80is closed through an operation of the fifth valve V5. At the same time, the fifth valve V5opens the cooling line11connecting the electric component15and the radiator12to each other.

Therefore, the coolant cooled in the radiator12cools the electric component15while being circulated along the cooling lines11connected to each other by the second, third, and fifth valves V2, V3, and V5through an operation of the first water pump14.

In addition, the coolant of the battery cooling line21is circulated along the battery cooling line21, the first branch line70, and the second connection line60by an operation of the second water pump23.

Here, the evaporator46exchanges heat between the coolant circulated along the battery cooling line21and a low-temperature refrigerant evaporated therein, and supplies a low-temperature coolant to the cooler33.

That is, the refrigerant circulated along the refrigerant line41in the CE module40is condensed through heat-exchange with the coolant passing through the condenser42, and is further condensed in the sub-condenser44through heat exchange with the external air so that the condensing amount of the refrigerant is increased.

Thereafter, the refrigerant, that the condensing amount is increased, is expanded in the expansion valve45, and is evaporated in the evaporator46.

In the present case, the refrigerant evaporated in the evaporator46cools the coolant introduced through the battery cooling line21. The refrigerant of which the condensing amount is increased while sequentially passing through the condenser42and the sub-condenser44is expanded and supplied to the evaporator46, evaporating the refrigerant to lower temperature in the evaporator46.

In the present exemplary embodiment, the sub-condenser44further condenses the refrigerant, taking advantage of sub-cool formation. In addition, the cooling performance and efficiency can be improved in the cooling mode of the vehicle.

The coolant is cooled to a lower temperature while passing through the evaporator46, and is supplied into the cooler33through the second connection line60.

In the present case, the external air introduced into the HVAC module30is cooled while exchanging heat with the coolant that is introduced into the cooler33and is in a low-temperature state.

The opening or closing door35closes a portion through which the cooled external air passes into the internal heater31so that the cooled external air does not pass through the internal heater31. Therefore, the cooled external air is directly introduced into the internal of the vehicle, making it possible to efficiently cool the internal of the vehicle.

Meanwhile, in the case of cooling the battery module B together with the electric component15in the cooling mode of the vehicle, the battery cooling line21connected to the battery module B may be opened through the operation of the fourth valve V4.

In the present case, the coolant cooled while passing through the evaporator46is circulated along the battery cooling line21connected to the battery module B and the second connection line60. Therefore, the battery module B may be efficiently cooled by the low-temperature coolant supplied to the battery cooling line21.

An operation of recovering the waste heat from the electric component and the battery module in the heating mode of the vehicle will be described with reference toFIG. 4.

FIG. 4is a view showing an operation state at the time of recovering waste heat from an electric component and a battery module in a heating mode of the vehicle in the heat pump system for a vehicle according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

Referring toFIG. 4, in the case of recovering the waste heat of the electric component15and the battery module B in the heating mode of the vehicle, the respective components of the CE module40are operated to heat the internal of the vehicle, wherein the refrigerant is circulated through the refrigerant line41.

In the present state, the first branch line70is closed through an operation of the first valve V1.

The battery cooling line21connected to the battery module B is opened through an operation of the fourth valve V4. The second connection line60is closed through the operation of the fourth valve V4.

The cooling line11, connecting the electric component15and the condenser42, and the first connection line50are opened through operations of the second and third valves V2and V3.

In addition, the cooling line11is connected to the battery cooling line21through the operations of the first, second and third valves V1, V2and V3. The fifth valve V5closes the cooling line11connecting the electric component15and the radiator12to each other in a state in which it opens the second branch line80.

Therefore, the cooling line11and the battery cooling line21are connected to each other through selective operations of the first to fifth valves V1to V5, and may form one closed circuit along which the coolant is circulated.

Here, the waste heat generated in the electric component15and the waste heat generated in the battery module B raise a temperature of the coolant circulated along the cooling line11and the battery cooling line21.

The coolant of which the temperature is raised further raises a temperature of the refrigerant exhausted from the evaporator46while passing through the evaporator46through operations of the first and second water pumps14and23.

The refrigerant of which the temperature is raised is introduced into the compressor48, is compressed at a higher temperature and pressure in the compressor48, and is then introduced into the condenser42.

Here, the coolant is circulated along the cooling line11passing through the condenser42and the first connection line50connected to the cooling line11by the second and third valves V2and V3through an operation of the third water pump52.

A temperature of the coolant passing through the condenser42may be further raised while the coolant exchanges heat with the refrigerant compressed at the higher temperature and pressure in the compressor48and then supplied to the condenser42.

Therefore, the coolant of which the temperature is raised while passing through the condenser42is supplied to the internal heater31.

Here, the opening or closing door35is opened so that the external air introduced into the HVAC module30and passing through the cooler33, to which the supply of the coolant is stopped, passes through the internal heater31.

Therefore, the external air introduced from the outside is introduced in a room temperature state in which it is not cooled into the cooler33at the time of passing through the cooler33. The introduced external air is changed in a high temperature state while passing through the internal heater31and is then introduced into the internal of the vehicle, wherein heating of the internal of the vehicle may be implemented.

Meanwhile, the heater25may be selectively turned on, when necessary, to heat the coolant circulated along the battery cooling line21. Therefore, the temperature of the refrigerant passing through the evaporator46may be rapidly raised.

That is, the heat pump system1for a vehicle according to the present exemplary embodiment uses waste heat sources generated in the electric component15and the battery module B to raise the temperature of the refrigerant in the heating mode of the vehicle, making it possible to reduce power consumption of the compressor48and improve heating efficiency.

Meanwhile, in the case of recovering the waste heat from only the battery module B in the heating mode of the vehicle, the first branch line70is opened through the operation of the first valve V1. At the same time, the connection between the cooling line11and the battery cooling line21is closed through the operations of the first, second and third valves V1, V2, and V3.

In the present case, the coolant recovers the waste heat generated in the battery module B while being circulated along the battery cooling line21and the first branch line70through an operation of the second water pump23, wherein a temperature of the coolant is raised. The coolant of which the temperature is raised may raise a temperature of the refrigerant through heat-exchange with the refrigerant while passing through the evaporator46.

That is, although a case in which both of the waste heat of the electric component15and the waste heat of the battery module B are recovered or the waste heat of the battery module B is recovered in the heating mode of the vehicle has been described by way of example in the present exemplary embodiment, the present invention is not limited thereto. That is, the waste heat generated in the electric component15except for the waste heat of the battery module B may also be recovered.

In the present exemplary embodiment, an operation in the heating and dehumidifying mode of the vehicle will be described with reference toFIG. 5.

FIG. 5is a view showing an operation state depending on a heating and dehumidifying mode of the vehicle in the heat pump system for a vehicle according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

Referring toFIG. 5, in the heating and dehumidifying mode of the vehicle, the respective components of the CE module40are operated to heat the internal of the vehicle, wherein the refrigerant is circulated along the refrigerant line41.

The first branch line70is opened through an operation of the first valve V1. The battery cooling line21connected to the battery module B is closed through an operation of the fourth valve V4. At the same time, the second connection line60is opened by the fourth valve V4, wherein the first branch line70and the second connection line60are connected to each other.

The cooling line21, connecting the electric component15and the condenser42, and the first connection line50are opened and are connected to each other through operations of the second and third valves V2and V3.

In addition, the connection between the cooling line11and the battery cooling line21is closed through the operations of the first, second and third valves V1, V2and V3in a state in which an operation of the first water pump14is stopped.

Therefore, the coolant is circulated along the cooling line11passing through the condenser42and the first connection line50connected to the cooling line11by the second and third valves V2and V3through an operation of the third water pump52.

Here, a temperature of the coolant passing through the condenser42is raised while the coolant exchanges heat with the refrigerant exhausted from the compressor48, compressed in a high-temperature and high-pressure state in the compressor48, and supplied to the condenser42. Then, the coolant of which the temperature is raised is supplied to the internal heater31.

Meanwhile, the coolant of the battery cooling line21is circulated along the battery cooling line21, the first branch line70, and the second connection line60by an operation of the second water pump23.

Here, the evaporator46exchanges heat between the coolant circulated along the battery cooling line21and a low-temperature refrigerant evaporated therein, and supplies a low-temperature coolant to the cooler33.

In the present case, the refrigerant evaporated in the evaporator46cools the coolant introduced through the battery cooling line21. In addition, the coolant cooled while passing through the evaporator46is supplied to the cooler33through the second connection line60.

Therefore, the external air introduced into the HVAC module30is dehumidified while passing through the cooler33into which the low-temperature coolant is introduced. Then, the external air is changed into a high-temperature state while passing through the internal heater31to which the high-temperature coolant is supplied and is then introduced into the internal of the vehicle, heating and dehumidifying the internal of the vehicle.

In addition, an operation at the time of raising a temperature of the battery module B will be described with reference toFIG. 6.

FIG. 6is a view showing an operation state at the time of raising a temperature of the battery module in the heat pump system for a vehicle according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

Referring toFIG. 6, in the case of raising the temperature of the battery module B, an operation of the CE module40is stopped, wherein the circulation of the refrigerant is stopped.

The first branch line70is connected to the battery cooling line21through an operation of the first valve V1. In addition, the connection between the battery cooling line21and the cooling line11is closed through the operation of the first valve V1.

Therefore, the battery cooling line21and the first branch line70form one closed circuit. In the present case, the coolant passes through the battery module B while being circulated along the battery cooling line21and the first branch line70through an operation of the second water pump23.

At the present time, the heater25is turned on to heat the coolant circulated along the battery cooling line21and then introduces the heated coolant into the battery module B, making it possible to rapidly raise a temperature of the battery module B.

Therefore, when the heat pump system1for a vehicle according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention configured as described above is applied, the thermal energy generated from the refrigerant at the time of condensing and evaporating the refrigerant is exchanged with the heat of the coolant, and an internal temperature of the vehicle is controlled using the low-temperature or high-temperature coolant of which the heat is exchanged, making it possible to simplify the heat pump system for a vehicle and simplify a layout of connection pipes through which the refrigerant is circulated.

In addition, the heat pump system1for a vehicle may improve heating efficiency of the vehicle using the waste heat of the electric component15and the battery module B, and may increase an entire travel distance of the vehicle by efficiently controlling the temperature of the battery module B so that the battery module B exhibits optimal performance.

In addition, the CE module40generating the thermal energy through the condensation and evaporation of the refrigerant is packaged, and the high-performance R152-a or R744 refrigerant is used, wherein a size and a weight may be reduced, and generation of noise, vibrations, and operation instability may be prevented as compared with an air conditioner device according to the prior art.

In addition, the CE module40further includes the sub-condenser44heat-exchanged with an external air to increase a condensing amount of the refrigerant, improving the cooling performance and efficiency.

Further, the entire heat pump system for a vehicle is simplified, making it possible to reduce a cost required for manufacturing the heat pump system for a vehicle and a weight of the heat pump system for a vehicle and improve space utilization.