Power control for transmissions with time-based artificial noise

Methods, systems, and devices for wireless communications are described. A network entity may apply pseudo-noise signals to repetitions of a first signal to obtain a set of second signals and transmit each of the set of second signals to a user equipment (UE) during a respective set of different time intervals. Each of the pseudo-noise signals may be associated with a gain and phase parameter, and may be based on a channel state information (CSI) associated with a channel for communications with the UE over the respective time interval. Each gain parameter may cause a power level of the pseudo-noise signal to be within a defined range, and a gain and phase parameter associated with a pseudo-noise signal applied to a subsequent repetition of the first signal may be based on another gain and phase parameter associated with another phase-noise signal applied to a previous repetition of the first signal.

FIELD OF TECHNOLOGY

The following relates to wireless communications, including power control for transmissions with time-based artificial noise.

BACKGROUND

In some systems, wireless devices may communicate data, control information, or both. For example, a network entity may transmit a control channel transmission (e.g., a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) transmission) or a data channel transmission (e.g., a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) transmission) to a UE. But in some cases, an unauthorized device may attempt to receive and decode the communications. Additionally, or alternatively, the unauthorized device may attempt malicious activities (e.g., may attempt to corrupt or modify the communications), which may result in a lack of confidentiality and integrity of the communications, relatively inefficient communications, and the like.

SUMMARY

The described techniques relate to improved methods, systems, devices, and apparatuses that support power control for transmissions with time-based artificial noise. For example, the described techniques provide for a transmitting device to apply pseudo-noise (e.g., artificial noise (AN)) to each repetition of a transmission, and due to the pseudo-noise being generated based on channel state information (CSI) associated with a channel between the transmitting device and the authorized receiving device, the authorized receiving device may successfully soft combine and decode the transmissions.

To generate a pseudo-noise signal that has a power level that is large enough to adequately protect the transmission but small enough that the device is able to efficiently transmit the pseudo-noise signal, the transmitting device may generate the pseudo-noise signal using a gain parameter that causes the pseudo-noise signal to have a power level that is within a defined power range. Additionally, to enable an authorized receiving device to soft combine and decode the transmission, the device may generate the pseudo-noise signal using a phase parameter (e.g., to compensate for various magnitudes of the gain parameters). Further, the transmitting device may transmit each repetition during different (e.g., nonoverlapping) time intervals. Here, the receiving device may receive each repetition over the different time intervals and soft combine the repetitions to decode the transmission. In some cases, the channel between the devices may be time-varying and the transmitting device may therefore not have estimated a future CSI yet when transmitting a repetition. Accordingly, the transmitting device may select gain and phase parameters associated with pseudo-noise signals based on both a current estimation of the channel as well as gain and phase parameters associated with pseudo-noise signals applied to previous repetitions of the transmission, which may enable the transmitting device to apply pseudo-noise signals to the repetitions of the transmission that an authorized receiving device is able to soft combine and decode.

A method for wireless communication at a network entity is described. The method may include receiving a first reference signal from a user equipment (UE) over a first time interval, applying a first pseudo-noise signal to a first repetition of a first signal to obtain a second signal, where the first pseudo-noise signal is based on a first estimated CSI corresponding to the first reference signal, a first gain parameter, and a first phase parameter, and where the first gain parameter and the first phase parameter are based on a second gain parameter and a second phase parameter of a second pseudo-noise signal applied to a second repetition of the first signal to obtain a third signal that is transmitted to the UE over a second time interval occurring prior to the first time interval, and transmitting the second signal to the UE over a third time interval occurring after the first time interval.

An apparatus for wireless communication at a network entity is described. The apparatus may include a processor, memory coupled with the processor, and instructions stored in the memory. The instructions may be executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to receive a first reference signal from a UE over a first time interval, apply a first pseudo-noise signal to a first repetition of a first signal to obtain a second signal, where the first pseudo-noise signal is based on a first estimated CSI corresponding to the first reference signal, a first gain parameter, and a first phase parameter, and where the first gain parameter and the first phase parameter are based on a second gain parameter and a second phase parameter of a second pseudo-noise signal applied to a second repetition of the first signal to obtain a third signal that is transmitted to the UE over a second time interval occurring prior to the first time interval, and transmit the second signal to the UE over a third time interval occurring after the first time interval.

Another apparatus for wireless communication at a network entity is described. The apparatus may include means for receiving a first reference signal from a UE over a first time interval, means for applying a first pseudo-noise signal to a first repetition of a first signal to obtain a second signal, where the first pseudo-noise signal is based on a first estimated CSI corresponding to the first reference signal, a first gain parameter, and a first phase parameter, and where the first gain parameter and the first phase parameter are based on a second gain parameter and a second phase parameter of a second pseudo-noise signal applied to a second repetition of the first signal to obtain a third signal that is transmitted to the UE over a second time interval occurring prior to the first time interval, and means for transmitting the second signal to the UE over a third time interval occurring after the first time interval.

A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication at a network entity is described. The code may include instructions executable by a processor to receive a first reference signal from a UE over a first time interval, apply a first pseudo-noise signal to a first repetition of a first signal to obtain a second signal, where the first pseudo-noise signal is based on a first estimated CSI corresponding to the first reference signal, a first gain parameter, and a first phase parameter, and where the first gain parameter and the first phase parameter are based on a second gain parameter and a second phase parameter of a second pseudo-noise signal applied to a second repetition of the first signal to obtain a third signal that is transmitted to the UE over a second time interval occurring prior to the first time interval, and transmit the second signal to the UE over a third time interval occurring after the first time interval.

In some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, a first power level of the first pseudo-noise signal may be based on the first gain parameter and the first gain parameter may be based on the first power level of the first pseudo-noise signal being greater than a first defined power level and less than a second defined power level.

In some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, the first gain parameter may be equal to the second gain parameter based on the first power level of the first pseudo-noise signal being greater than the first defined power level and less than the second defined power level when the first gain parameter may be equal to the second gain parameter.

In some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, the first phase parameter may be further based on a third gain parameter and a third phase parameter of a third pseudo-noise signal applied to a third repetition of the first signal to obtain a fourth signal that may be transmitted to the UE over a fourth time interval occurring prior to the first time interval.

Some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein may further include operations, features, means, or instructions for receiving, after transmitting the second signal to the UE, a second reference signal from the UE, applying a third pseudo-noise signal to a third repetition of the first signal to obtain a fourth signal, where the third pseudo-noise signal may be based on a second estimated CSI corresponding to the second reference signal, a third gain parameter equal to the first gain parameter and the second gain parameter, and a third phase parameter that may be based on the first phase parameter and the second phase parameter, and transmitting the fourth signal to the UE.

In some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, the first gain parameter may be different than the second gain parameter based on a second power of the first pseudo-noise signal being less than the first defined power level or greater than the second defined power level when the first gain parameter may be equal to the second gain parameter.

In some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, the second pseudo-noise signal applied to the third signal may be based on a second estimated CSI corresponding to a second reference signal received from the UE and the first phase parameter may be based on whether a first power level of the first reference signal may be within a threshold amount of a second power level of the second reference signal.

In some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, the second pseudo-noise signal applied to the third signal may be based on a second estimated CSI corresponding to a second reference signal received from the UE and the first gain parameter and the first phase parameter may be based on the second gain parameter and the second phase parameter of the second reference signal based on a correlation of the first estimated CSI and the second estimated CSI being less than a threshold.

Some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein may further include operations, features, means, or instructions for transmitting, to the UE, signaling requesting for the UE to transmit the first reference signal over the first time interval, where receiving the first reference signal from the UE may be based on transmitting the signaling.

In some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, the second pseudo-noise signal applied to the third signal may be based on a second estimated CSI corresponding to a second reference signal received from the UE and transmitting the signaling requesting for the UE to transmit the first reference signal over the first time interval may be based on a predicted correlation between the first estimated CSI and the second estimated CSI being less than a threshold.

In some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, the second pseudo-noise signal applied to the third signal may be based on a second estimated CSI corresponding to a second reference signal received from the UE and the first reference signal and the second reference signal may be received via different frequency resources, different beam configurations at the network entity, or both based on a correlation between the second estimated CSI and a third predicted CSI corresponding to a third reference signal received from the UE over the first time interval via a same set of frequency resources and a same beam configuration as the second reference signal being greater than a threshold.

In some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, the second pseudo-noise signal applied to the third signal may be based on a second estimated CSI corresponding to a second reference signal received from the UE and the first reference signal and the second reference signal may be received via a same set of frequency resources and via a same beam configuration at the network entity.

Some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein may further include operations, features, means, or instructions for transmitting, to the UE and based on transmitting the second signal, signaling indicating that the second signal and the third signal may be repetitions of the first signal.

A method for wireless communication at a UE is described. The method may include receiving a first reference signal from a network entity over a first time interval, applying a first pseudo-noise signal to a first repetition of a first signal to obtain a second signal, where the first pseudo-noise signal is based on a first estimated CSI corresponding to the first reference signal, a first gain parameter, and a first phase parameter, and where the first gain parameter and the first phase parameter are based on a second gain parameter and a second phase parameter of a second pseudo-noise signal applied to a second repetition of the first signal to obtain a third signal that is transmitted to the network entity over a second time interval occurring prior to the first time interval, and transmitting the second signal to the network entity over a third time interval occurring after the first time interval.

An apparatus for wireless communication at a UE is described. The apparatus may include a processor, memory coupled with the processor, and instructions stored in the memory. The instructions may be executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to receive a first reference signal from a network entity over a first time interval, apply a first pseudo-noise signal to a first repetition of a first signal to obtain a second signal, where the first pseudo-noise signal is based on a first estimated CSI corresponding to the first reference signal, a first gain parameter, and a first phase parameter, and where the first gain parameter and the first phase parameter are based on a second gain parameter and a second phase parameter of a second pseudo-noise signal applied to a second repetition of the first signal to obtain a third signal that is transmitted to the network entity over a second time interval occurring prior to the first time interval, and transmit the second signal to the network entity over a third time interval occurring after the first time interval.

Another apparatus for wireless communication at a UE is described. The apparatus may include means for receiving a first reference signal from a network entity over a first time interval, means for applying a first pseudo-noise signal to a first repetition of a first signal to obtain a second signal, where the first pseudo-noise signal is based on a first estimated CSI corresponding to the first reference signal, a first gain parameter, and a first phase parameter, and where the first gain parameter and the first phase parameter are based on a second gain parameter and a second phase parameter of a second pseudo-noise signal applied to a second repetition of the first signal to obtain a third signal that is transmitted to the network entity over a second time interval occurring prior to the first time interval, and means for transmitting the second signal to the network entity over a third time interval occurring after the first time interval.

A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication at a UE is described. The code may include instructions executable by a processor to receive a first reference signal from a network entity over a first time interval, apply a first pseudo-noise signal to a first repetition of a first signal to obtain a second signal, where the first pseudo-noise signal is based on a first estimated CSI corresponding to the first reference signal, a first gain parameter, and a first phase parameter, and where the first gain parameter and the first phase parameter are based on a second gain parameter and a second phase parameter of a second pseudo-noise signal applied to a second repetition of the first signal to obtain a third signal that is transmitted to the network entity over a second time interval occurring prior to the first time interval, and transmit the second signal to the network entity over a third time interval occurring after the first time interval.

In some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, a first power level of the first pseudo-noise signal may be based on the first gain parameter and the first gain parameter may be based on the first power level of the first pseudo-noise signal being greater than a first defined power level and less than a second defined power level.

In some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, the first gain parameter may be equal to the second gain parameter based on the first power level of the first pseudo-noise signal being greater than the first defined power level and less than the second defined power level when the first gain parameter may be equal to the second gain parameter.

In some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, the first phase parameter may be further based on a third gain parameter and a third phase parameter of a third pseudo-noise signal applied to a third repetition of the first signal to obtain a fourth signal that may be transmitted to the network entity over a fourth time interval occurring prior to the first time interval.

Some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein may further include operations, features, means, or instructions for receiving, after transmitting the second signal to the network entity, a second reference signal from the network entity, applying a third pseudo-noise signal to a third repetition of the first signal to obtain a fourth signal, where the third pseudo-noise signal may be based on a second estimated CSI corresponding to the second reference signal, a third gain parameter equal to the first gain parameter and the second gain parameter, and a third phase parameter that may be based on the first phase parameter and the second phase parameter, and transmitting the fourth signal to the network entity.

In some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, the first gain parameter may be different than the second gain parameter based on a second power of the first pseudo-noise signal being less than the first defined power level or greater than the second defined power level when the first gain parameter may be equal to the second gain parameter.

In some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, the second pseudo-noise signal applied to the third signal may be based on a second estimated CSI corresponding to a second reference signal received from the network entity and the first phase parameter may be based on whether a first power level of the first reference signal may be within a threshold amount of a second power level of the second reference signal.

In some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, the second pseudo-noise signal applied to the third signal may be based on a second estimated CSI corresponding to a second reference signal received from the network entity and the first gain parameter and the first phase parameter may be based on the second gain parameter and the second phase parameter of the second reference signal based on a correlation of the first estimated CSI and the second estimated CSI being less than a threshold.

Some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein may further include operations, features, means, or instructions for transmitting, to the network entity, signaling requesting for the network entity to transmit the first reference signal over the first time interval, where receiving the first reference signal from the network entity may be based on transmitting the signaling.

In some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, the second pseudo-noise signal applied to the third signal may be based on a second estimated CSI corresponding to a second reference signal received from the network entity and transmitting the signaling requesting for the network entity to transmit the first reference signal over the first time interval may be based on a predicted correlation between the first estimated CSI and the second estimated CSI being less than a threshold.

In some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, the second pseudo-noise signal applied to the third signal may be based on a second estimated CSI corresponding to a second reference signal received from the network entity and the first reference signal and the second reference signal may be received via different frequency resources, different beam configurations at the UE, or both based on a correlation between the second estimated CSI and a third predicted CSI corresponding to a third reference signal received from the network entity over the first time interval via a same set of frequency resources and a same beam configuration as the second reference signal being greater than a threshold.

In some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, the second pseudo-noise signal applied to the third signal may be based on a second estimated CSI corresponding to a second reference signal received from the network entity and the first reference signal and the second reference signal may be received via a same set of frequency resources and via a same beam configuration at the UE.

Some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein may further include operations, features, means, or instructions for transmitting, to the network entity and based on transmitting the second signal, signaling indicating that the second signal and the third signal may be repetitions of the first signal.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

Some wireless communication systems may support communications of control information or data between devices (e.g., between a network entity and a user equipment (UE)). In some cases, to introduce security and protection for transmissions (e.g., physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) transmissions, physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) transmissions, physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) transmission, physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) transmissions), a device may transmit the transmission with a pseudo-noise injection. For example, the device may apply pseudo-noise (e.g., artificial noise (AN)) to each repetition of the transmission, and due to the pseudo-noise being generated based on channel state information (CSI) associated with a channel between the transmitting device and the authorized receiving device, the authorized receiving device may successfully soft combine and decode the transmissions (e.g., the pseudo-noise may be self-canceling at the authorized receiving device). In some examples, the transmitting device may transmit each repetition during a different time interval. The receiving device may receive each repetition over the different time intervals and soft combine the repetitions to decode the transmission.

In some cases, a power of a pseudo-noise signal may be inversely proportional to a metric of the channel between the two devices (e.g., corresponding to a received power of a reference signal transmitted via the channel). Here, if the channel is associated with relatively high power, the power of the pseudo-noise may be relatively low and may not provide adequate protection for transmissions (e.g., unauthorized receiving devices may decode the underlying transmissions). Additionally, if the channel is associated with relatively low power, the power of the pseudo-noise may be relatively high and transmitting the pseudo-noise signal may consume a large amount of power (e.g., an amount of power that is inefficient, an amount of power that is unsupportable by the transmitting device).

Accordingly, techniques described herein may support a device generating a pseudo-noise signal with a power level that is within a defined range (e.g., having a power that is greater than a first, minimum power level and less than a second, maximum power level). For example, the device may generate a pseudo-noise signal using a gain parameter that is directly proportional to a power level of the channel, bounded by the first and second power levels. Thus, the device may select the gain parameter based on an estimated power of the channel to ensure that the power level of the pseudo-noise signal falls between the first power level and the second power level. Additionally, to enable an authorized receiving device to soft combine and decode the transmission, the device may generate the pseudo-noise signal using a phase parameter.

In particular, to generate a first pseudo-noise signal applied to a first repetition of a signal, the device may use a gain parameter that causes a power level of the first pseudo-noise signal to fall between the first power level and the second power level based on an estimation of the channel at a first time. Additionally, the device may use a random phase parameter to generate the first pseudo-noise signal. Then, to generate a second pseudo-noise signal applied to a subsequent repetition of the signal under varying channel conditions, the device may use a gain parameter that both causes a power level of the second pseudo-noise signal to fall between the first and second power level (e.g., based on a second estimation of the channel at a second, later time) and enables the authorized receiving device to soft combine and decode the transmission. Additionally, the device may select a second phase parameter to generate the second pseudo-noise signal that enables the authorized receiving device to soft combine and decode the transmission based on the first gain parameter, the first phase parameter, and the second gain parameter (e.g., the pseudo-noise in the first repetition and the pseudo-noise in the subsequent repetition may be self-canceling at the receiver). The device may continue selecting gain and phase parameters for generating pseudo-noise signals to apply to subsequent repetitions of the transmission such that the power levels of the pseudo-noise signals fall within the defined power level range and the authorized receiving device is able to soft combine the repetitions and decode the transmission.

Aspects of the disclosure are initially described in the context of wireless communications systems. Aspects of the disclosure are than described in context of a communication scheme, pseudo-noise signal parameter configurations, a flowchart, and a process flow. Aspects of the disclosure are further illustrated by and described with reference to apparatus diagrams, system diagrams, and flowcharts that relate to power control for transmissions with time-based artificial noise.

In some instances of other wireless communications systems100, devices may transmit signals without any security or protection. For example, a device (e.g., a network entity105, a UE115, a base station140) may transmit a PDCCH or a PUCCH transmission without any security or protection measures. In some other instances of wireless communications systems100, devices may rely on AN cancellation to provide security directly in the PHY layer. For example, a transmitting device may apply pseudo-noise signals to repetitions of a PDCCH or a PUCCH transmission, which may add security and protection to the PDCCH or the PUCCH transmission. Then, a receiving device may soft combine the repetitions of the PDCCH or the PUCCH transmission and decode the PDCCH or the PUCCH transmission. Equation 1 illustrates an example definition of a first AN (e.g., the pseudo-noise signal β1) applied to a first repetition of a signal x1and Equation 2 illustrates an example definition of a second AN (e.g., the pseudo-noise signal β2) applied to a second repetition of a signal x2.

In the example of Equations 1 and 2, u may correspond to a noise vector that may reduce (e.g., minimize) a peak-to-average-power ratio (PAPR). For example, u may be a noise vector that results in a PAPR that satisfies a threshold. Additionally, h may correspond to a channel gain (e.g., a power of the channel). Equation 3 illustrates an example of the signal generated based on applying the pseudo-noise signal β1to the signal x1(e.g., the signal including the first repetition of a message or packet) and Equation 4 illustrates an example of the signal generated based on applying the pseudo-noise signal β2to the signal x2(e.g., the signal including the second repetition of a message or packet).
y1={tilde over (h)}(x1+β1)+z1(3)
y2={tilde over (h)}(x2+β2)+z2(4)

In the example of Equations 3 and 4, h may correspond to an estimated channel gain (e.g., a power of the channel estimated by the transmitting device that corresponds to CSI of the channel) and z may correspond to observation noise. Equation 5 illustrates an example of a combination of each received signal y at the receiving device.

In the example of Equation 5, any receiving device may eliminate the pseudo-noise signal (e.g., the AN interference) if each individual pseudo-noise signal β1and β2are not generated using different CSIs. That is, the term |{tilde over (h)}|2β1+|{tilde over (h)}|2β2from Equation 5 may be equal to 0 (e.g., vanish) even in cases that {tilde over (h)}≠h, which may occur in instances that a receiving device is not the authorized receiving device and is unable to determine a value of the CSI (e.g., corresponding to h). Thus, in order for a transmitting device to secure or protect repetitions of a signal using pseudo-noise signals, a CSI diversity across message copies may be above a threshold (e.g., a CSI for each repetition may be different).

Equations 1 and 2 may be examples where a power control for AN cancellation is based on an absolute channel inversion. That is, a magnitude of the power of the pseudo-noise signals β1and β2may be absolutely inversely proportional to the estimated channel gain h. The AN cancelling being based on the absolute channel inversion may lead to either very large (e.g., unaffordable) or very small (e.g., insufficient to provide security) power levels for a pseudo-noise signal (e.g., an AN signal).

In some cases, a transmitting device may generate pseudo-noise signals that are not based on absolute channel inversion (e.g., a power level of the pseudo-noise signal is not solely inversely proportional to an estimated power level of the channel). For example, the transmitting device may transmit repetitions of the signal (e.g., the PDDCH or the PUCCH signal) over a single coherence time interval via different frequency resources or different beam configurations. That is, for frequency-based CSI diversity, the transmitting device may transmit each of the repetitions of the signal during the coherence time interval via different frequency resources. Additionally, for spatial- or beam-based CSI diversity, the transmitting device may transmit each of the repetitions of the signal via different beam configurations or different TRPs. In either case, the transmitting device may generate pseudo-noise signals that are not based on absolute channel inversion, but instead have power levels that are also based on gain and phase parameters. Equation 6 illustrates an example definition of a first AN (e.g., the pseudo-noise signal β1) applied to a first repetition of a signal x1, where the pseudo-noise signal β1is based on a first gain parameter γ1and a first phase parameter θ1. Additionally, Equation 7 illustrates an example definition of a second AN (e.g., the pseudo-noise signal β2) applied to a second repetition of a signal x2, where the pseudo-noise signal β2is based on a second gain parameter γ2and a second phase parameter θ2.

For example, the transmitting device may receive, from the receiving device, a reference signal (e.g., a sounding reference signal (SRS)) associated with the coherence time interval. Then, the transmitting device may estimate, based on the reference signal, the CSI for each channel during the coherence time interval. In the example of Equations 6 and 7, h1and h2may each correspond to the estimated CSI for each respective channel (e.g., estimated based on the transmitting device receiving an SRS or portion of an SRS from the receiving device via the respective channel). Here, h1≠h2due to each copy being sent using a different channel (e.g., different frequency resources, a different beam configuration, etc.). Then the transmitting device may identify a set of gain and phase parameters for a respective set of pseudo-noise signals that both cause the power levels for each of the set of pseudo-noise signals to be within a defined range (e.g., greater than a first power level associated with adequately protecting the repetition of the signal and less than a second power level that may be relatively unaffordable) and enable the receiving device to utilize an AN cancellation scheme to soft combine and decode the signal.

Equations 8 and 9 illustrate examples of the signal based on applying the pseudo-noise signal β1(e.g., as defined according to Equation 6) and β2(e.g., as defined according to Equation 7) to the signals x1and x2, respectively.
y1=h1(x1+β1)+z1(8)
y2=h2(x2+β2)+z2(9)

Additionally, Equation 10 illustrates an example definition of the accumulated pseudo-noise signal (e.g., accumulated AN interference) at the receiving device in cases that the transmitting device transmits repetitions of the signal according to Equations 8 and 9.
β1|h1|2+β2|h2|2=(γ1ejθ1+γ2ejθ2)u(10)

However, to generate each of the set of gain and phase parameters, the transmitting device may rely on identifying the estimated CSI for each channel (e.g., associated with each of the set of frequency resources in a case of CSI diversity, associated with each of the set of beam configurations in a case of spatial- or beam-based CSI diversity) a priori. That is, in the example of Equations 6-9 the transmitting device may estimate h1and h2using the received SRS, and determine (e.g., compute) {β1, θ1} and {β2, θ2} prior to transmitting either of the signals y1or y2. In some instances, relying on identifying the estimated CSI for each channel a priori (e.g., prior to transmitting any of the signals y1or y2) may result in each repetition of the signal being transmitted within a single channel coherence time. Transmitting each repetition within the single channel coherence time may increase a likelihood that a CSI associated with the channel may not change between estimating the CSI and transmitting the corresponding signal repetition, which may enable the AN to be self-cancelling at the receiving device (e.g., the parameters for the AN may accurately reflect the CSI). That is, to increase a likelihood that the estimated CSI relied upon by the transmitting device to generate a pseudo-noise signal to apply to each repetition of the signal (e.g., copy) does not change before the transmitting device transmits the protected repetition of that signal, the transmitting device may transmit each of the repetitions of the signal within a single channel coherence time.

In this example, if the transmitting device does not estimate any of the CSIs for each channel a priori (e.g., prior to generating a pseudo-noise signal to apply to a first repetition of the signal), the transmitting device may be unable to identify any gain and phase parameters that would both cause the power levels for each of the set of pseudo-noise signals to be within the defined range and enable the receiving device to utilize the AN cancellation scheme. For example, if the repetitions of signal rely on time-based CSI diversity, each repetition of the signal may be transmitted via different coherence time intervals (e.g., to provide adequate CSI diversity), each associated with different estimated CSIs. For example, the transmitting device may estimate h1, determine (e.g., compute) {β1, θ1}, and transmit the signal y1. Then (e.g., after transmitting the signal y1), the transmitting device may estimate h2, determine (e.g., compute) {β2, θ2}, and transmit the signal y2. Here, the transmitting device may not know an estimated CSI associated with a future repetition of the signal when generating a pseudo-noise signal to apply to a repetition of the signal transmitted via an earlier coherence time interval.

In the example of the wireless communications system100however, a device may generate pseudo-noise signals to apply to repetitions of a signal associated with time-based CSI diversity using gain and phase parameters that are selected without a priori knowledge of CSIs of future participating time intervals (e.g., time slots or intervals for transmitting future repetitions of the signal). For example, the device may generate a pseudo-noise signal using a gain parameter selected based on an estimated power of the channel (e.g., corresponding to the estimated CSI), and without estimating a power of the channel associated with a future repetition of the signal, to ensure that the power level of the pseudo-noise signal falls between the first power level and the second power level. Additionally, to enable an authorized receiving device to soft combine and decode the transmission, the device may generate the pseudo-noise signal using a phase parameter that is selected without the transmitting device estimating a CSI associated with the channel for a future repetition of the signal.

For example, to generate a first pseudo-noise signal applied to a first repetition of a signal, the device may use a gain parameter that causes a power level of the first pseudo-noise signal to fall between the first power level and the second power level based on an estimation of the channel at a first time. Additionally, the device may use a random phase parameter to generate the first pseudo-noise signal. Then, to generate a second pseudo-noise signal applied to a subsequent repetition of the signal, the device may use a gain parameter that causes a power level of the second pseudo-noise signal to fall between the first and second power level (e.g., based on a second estimation of the channel at a second, later time). Additionally, the device may select a second phase parameter to generate the second pseudo-noise signal that enables soft combining of the first repetition to self-cancel the AN with the subsequent repetition at the authorized receiving device based on the first gain parameter, the first phase parameter, and the second gain parameter. The device may continue selecting gain and phase parameters for generating pseudo-noise signals to apply to subsequent repetitions of the transmission such that the power levels of the pseudo-noise signals fall within the defined power level range and the authorized receiving device is able to soft combine the repetitions and decode the transmission.

FIG.2illustrates an example of a wireless communications system200that supports power control for transmissions with time-based artificial noise in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. In some examples, wireless communications system200may implement aspects of wireless communications system100and may include wireless devices205-aand205-b, which may be examples of a network entity105or a UE115as described above with reference toFIG.1. For example, the wireless device205-amay be an example of a network entity105and the wireless device205-bmay be an example of a UE115. In another example, the wireless device205-amay be an example of a UE115and the wireless device205-bmay be an example of a network entity105.

In the example of the wireless communications system200, the wireless device205-amay rely on a time-based CSI diversity scheme to transmit multiple repetitions215of a signal (e.g., of a PDCCH signal, of a PDSCH signal, of a PUCCH signal, of a PUSCH signal), where the signal corresponds to a packet, a message, or both. For example, the wireless device205-amay transmit a first repetition215-aof the signal during a first time interval and a second repetition215-bof the signal during a second, non-overlapping time interval. In some cases, the first and second repetitions215of the signal may be separated by a minimum separation (e.g., a channel coherence time) to increase a CSI diversity between the different repetitions215. The wireless device205-bmay receive the multiple repetitions215of the signal and soft combine the repetitions215of the signal to decode the signal.

In some cases, the transmitting wireless device205-amay apply pseudo-noise signals to each repetition215prior to transmitting the repetition215. For example, the wireless device205-amay apply a first pseudo-noise signal to a first repetition215-a(e.g., to generate a second signal) prior to transmitting the first repetition215-aand may apply a second pseudo-noise signal to a second repetition215-b(e.g., to generate a third signal) prior to transmitting the second repetition215-b. The pseudo-noise signals may be based on the CSI associated with the channel between the wireless devices205, which may enable the wireless device205-bto soft combine the repetitions215and decode the signal, while preventing unauthorized wireless devices (not shown) from decoding the signal.

For example, the wireless device205-bmay transmit a reference signal210-a(e.g., an SRS) to the wireless device205-a. In some cases, the wireless device205-bmay transmit the reference signal210-ain response to the wireless device205-atransmitting a request for the wireless device205-bto transmit the reference signal210-a. The wireless device205-amay estimate CSI associated with the channel corresponding to the reference signal210-aand generate the first pseudo-noise signal based on the estimated CSI associated with the channel during a first time interval (e.g., during which the reference signal210-aand the repetition215-aare transmitted). The first pseudo-noise signal may also be based on a first gain parameter and a first phase parameter. In some cases, the wireless device205-amay select the first gain parameter for the first pseudo-noise signal to cause the power level of the first pseudo-noise signal to fall within a defined range, such that the power level of the first pseudo-noise signal is greater than a first defined power level and less than a second defined power level. Additionally, the wireless device205-amay select the first phase parameter randomly. After generating the first pseudo-noise signal, the wireless device205-amay apply the first pseudo-noise signal to the repetition215-aand may transmit the repetition215-a(e.g., that is protected or secured based on applying the first pseudo-noise signal) to the wireless device205-b.

The wireless device205-bmay transmit a second reference signal210-b(e.g., an SRS) to the wireless device205-a. In some cases, the wireless device205-bmay transmit the reference signal210-bin response to the wireless device205-btransmitting a request for the wireless device205-bto transmit the reference signal210-a. For example, the wireless device205-bmay transmit the request based on an amount of time between the wireless device205-btransmitting the first reference signal210-aand transmitting the second reference signal210-bexceeding a threshold.

In another example, the wireless device205-bmay transmit the request based on a predicted correlation of the CSI corresponding to the reference signal210-aand the CSI corresponding to the reference signal210-bbeing less than a threshold. Here, the wireless device205-amay predict CSI (e.g., statistical CSI) corresponding to the reference signal210-bprior to receiving the reference signal210-b. If prior to receiving the reference signal210-bthe wireless device205-adetermines that the predicted CSI (e.g., the statistical CSI) corresponding to the reference signal210-bprovides sufficient CSI diversity with respect to the CSI corresponding to the reference signal210-a, the wireless device205-amay transmit a request for the wireless device205-bto transmit the reference signal210-b. Additionally, if prior to receiving a reference signal210the wireless device205-adetermines that a predicted CSI corresponding to the reference signal210fails to provide sufficient CSI diversity with respect to the CSI corresponding to a previously-received reference signal210, the wireless device205-amay refrain from transmitting the request for the wireless device205-bto transmit the reference signal210. In these examples, the wireless device205-bmay not transmit a reference signal210unless the wireless device205-apredicts that the CSI corresponding to the reference signal210provides sufficient CSI diversity (e.g., the wireless device205-apredicts that a correlation between the CSI corresponding to a future reference signal210and the CSI corresponding to a previously-received reference signal210is less than a threshold correlation).

The wireless device205-amay estimate CSI associated with the channel during a second time interval (e.g., during which the reference signal210-band the repetition215-bare transmitted) corresponding to the reference signal210-b. In cases that a correlation of the CSI associated with the channel during the second time interval is below a threshold (e.g., there is sufficient CSI diversity between the first and second time intervals), the wireless device205-amay generate the second pseudo-noise signal based on the estimated CSI associated with the channel during the second time interval. The second pseudo-noise signal may also be based on a second gain parameter and a second phase parameter. The wireless device205-amay select the second gain parameter for the second pseudo-noise signal to cause the power level of the second pseudo-noise signal to be within the defined range. The second gain and phase parameters may also be selected based on the first gain and phase parameters. That is, the wireless device205-amay select values for the second gain and phase parameters to ensure that the wireless device205-bmay utilize a pseudo-noise signal cancellation scheme to soft combine the repetitions215-band decode the signal. After generating the second pseudo-noise signal, the wireless device may apply the second pseudo-noise signal to the repetition215-band may transmit the repetition215-b(e.g., that is protected or secured based on applying the second pseudo-noise signal) to the wireless device205-b.

In other cases where a correlation of the CSI associated with the channel during the first time interval and the CSI associated with the channel during the second time interval is not below the threshold (e.g., there is not sufficient CSI diversity between the first and second time intervals), the wireless device205-amay not transmit the reference signal210-bwithin the second time interval according to a time-based CSI diversity scheme. Additionally, if the repetitions215of the signal are associated with a defined latency bound (e.g., corresponding to a defined length of time within which the repetitions215of the signal are transmitted), the wireless device205-amay be unable to satisfy the defined latency bound (e.g., the given latency bound requirement for the signal) using the time-based CSI diversity scheme. That is, if the channel coherence time is long (e.g., the CSI corresponding to the channel between the wireless devices205does not change quickly), the wireless device205-amay be unable to transmit the repetitions215within the defined latency bound.

The wireless device205-amay determine the inability of the wireless device205-ato transmit the repetitions215within the defined latency bound using the time-based CSI diversity in response to receiving the reference signal210-b. For example, the wireless device205-amay identify that the correlation of the CSI corresponding to the received reference signal210-aand the CSI corresponding to the received reference signal210-bis not below the threshold. Additionally, or alternatively, the wireless device may determine the inability of the wireless device205-ato transmit the repetitions215within the defined latency bound using the time-based CSI diversity in response to predicting one or more CSIs corresponding to the channel (e.g., prior to receiving one or both of the reference signals210). For example, the wireless device may identify that a predicted CSI corresponding to the reference signal210-band the CSI corresponding to the predicted or received reference signal210-ais not below the threshold.

In some examples, if the wireless device205-aidentifies that a defined latency bound associated with the repetitions215of the signal is not likely to be met using a time-based CSI diversity scheme, the wireless device205-amay instead switch to another type of CSI diversity. For example, the wireless device205-amay rely on other types of CSI diversity (e.g., frequency-based CSI diversity, spatial- or beam-based CSI diversity) to transmit the repetition215-b. In some other examples, the wireless device205-amay instead drop the signal (e.g., may refrain from transmitting one or more additional repetitions215of the signal).

The wireless device205-amay transmit, to the wireless device205-b, a control signal220(e.g., via downlink control information (DCI) including an indication that the repetitions215-aand215-bcorrespond to repetitions215of the single signal. For example, the control signal220may include an indication for the wireless device205-bto soft combine the repetitions215-aand215-bto obtain the signal. Additionally, or alternatively, the control signal220may include an indication of one or more time intervals (e.g., time slots) that include the repetitions215for the wireless device205-bto soft combine.

In cases that the wireless device205-bfails to detect one or more of the repetitions215(e.g., indicated within the control signal220), the wireless device205-bmay transmit feedback to the wireless device205-a. For example, the wireless device205-bmay transmit a negative acknowledgement (NACK) indication to the wireless device205-aindicating the failure of the wireless device205-bto detect one or more of the repetitions215. If the wireless device205-areceives, from the wireless device205-b, feedback indicating that the wireless device205-bfailed to detect one or more of the repetitions215, the wireless device205-amay retransmit one or more of the repetitions215. For example, the wireless device205-amay retransmit the one or more repetitions215that the wireless device205-bindicated (e.g., via a NACK) the failure to detect. In another example, the wireless device205-amay retransmit each of the repetitions215of the signal. Additionally, or alternatively, if the wireless device205-areceives feedback from the wireless device205-bindicating a failure to detect one or more of the repetitions215, the wireless device205-amay drop the message and not retransmit any of the repetitions215. Here, the wireless device205-bmay be unable to decode the message.

FIG.3illustrates an example of a timing diagram300that supports power control for transmissions with time-based artificial noise in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. In some examples, the timing diagram300may implement or be implemented by aspects of wireless communications system100and wireless communications system200and may include the wireless devices205, which may be examples of the UEs115, the network entities105, and the wireless devices205as described above with reference toFIGS.1and2. In one example, the wireless device305-amay include a network entity105and the wireless device305-bmay include a UE115. In another example, the wireless device305-amay include a UE115and the wireless device305-bmay include a network entity105.

The timing diagram300may illustrate communications between the wireless devices305associated with a time-based CSI diversity scheme as described herein. The wireless device305-amay rely on a time-based CSI diversity scheme to transmit the repetitions325of a signal (e.g., of a PDCCH signal, of a PDSCH signal, of a PUCCH signal, of a PUSCH signal) via different time windows330(e.g., different time slots, different channel coherence time windows). For example, the wireless device305-amay transmit a first repetition325-aof the signal via a first time window330-a, a second repetition325-bof the signal via a second time window330-b, and may optionally transmit a third repetition325-cof the signal via a third time window330-c. To achieve the time-based CSI diversity, there may be a sufficient CSI diversity between each of the time windows330. For example, the wireless device305-amay determine there is sufficient CSI diversity in cases that a correlation between estimated CSIs associated with each of the time windows330is less than a threshold. In some cases, if the wireless device305-adetermines that there is insufficient CSI diversity (e.g., if the correlation between estimated CSIs associated with each of the time windows330is greater than the threshold), the wireless device305-amay discard the current slot (e.g., without sending a repetition325within the slot). Additionally, or alternatively, the wireless device305-amay determine that the current time window330corresponds to an initial time window330(and therefore is independent of any CSI diversity or correlation associated with a previous time window330). Here, the wireless device305-amay transmit future copies of the repetition325in future time windows330.

The wireless device305-amay estimate a CSI corresponding to each time window330using a reference signal310(e.g., an SRS) transmitted by the wireless device305-bto the wireless device305-avia the channel335. In some cases, the wireless device305-bmay transmit each reference signal310(e.g., reference signal310-a, reference signal310-b, reference signal310-c) in response to the wireless device305-atransmitting, to the wireless device305-b, an indication for the wireless device305-bto transmit the reference signal310. The wireless device305-amay generate a pseudo-noise signal320(e.g., to apply to a repetition325of the signal) based on the estimated CSI. Equation 10 includes an example equation that the wireless device305-amay use to generate a pseudo-noise signal320.

In the example of Equation 10, βnmay correspond to the pseudo-noise signal320applied to a nthrepetition325of the signal, hnmay correspond to the estimated CSI of the channel335associated with the nthtime window330, u may correspond to a noise vector, γncorresponds to a gain parameter, and θncorresponds to a phase parameter. The wireless device305-amay select the gain parameter γnto generate the pseudo-noise signal320that causes a power of the signal βn(e.g., corresponding to the pseudo-noise signal320) to be within a defined range. An example definition of the defined power level range of the pseudo-noise signal320(e.g., corresponding to βn) is shown below with reference to Equation 11.
|βmin|≤|βn|≤|βmax|  (11)

The defined range (e.g., including βminand βmax) may be set by a network entity based on security requirements, a power budget (e.g., of one or both of the wireless devices305), or both. In the example of the initial time window330-a, the wireless device305-amay randomly select the gain parameter γ1from a set of possible values for the gain parameter γ1that would ensure that the power level of the signal β1falls within the predefined range (e.g., the range outlined according to Equation 11). In the example of subsequent time windows330(e.g., time windows330in which repetitions325other than the initial repetition325-aare transmitted), the wireless device305-amay select a gain parameter γnthat both causes the power level of the corresponding signal to fall within the defined range and enables the wireless device305-bto perform a pseudo-noise signal cancellation scheme, which may be based on the values of both the gain parameter(s) γnand phase parameter(s) θnapplied to the earlier-transmitted repetitions325of the signal. In some examples, the wireless device305-amay select a gain parameter γnaccording to Equation 12.

Additionally, in the example of the initial time window330-a, the wireless device305-amay randomly select the phase parameter θ1. In the example of subsequent time windows330(e.g., time windows330in which repetitions325other than the initial repetition325-aare transmitted), the wireless device305-amay select a phase parameter θnthat enables the wireless device305-bto perform a pseudo-noise signal cancellation scheme and may be based on the values of the both the gain parameter(s) γnand phase parameter(s) θnapplied to the earlier-transmitted repetitions325of the signal.

The wireless device305-amay apply the pseudo-noise signal320to a repetition325of the signal to generate a signal315(e.g., signal315-a, signal315-b, signal315-c) to transmit to the wireless device305-b. An example definition of the signal315(e.g., yn) generated by the wireless device305-abased on applying the pseudo-noise signal320(e.g., βn) to the repetition325(e.g., xn) is illustrated by Equation 13.
yn=hn(xn+βn)+zn(13)

As described above, znmay correspond to observation noise, and hnmay correspond to the estimated CSI of the channel335associated with the nthtime window330.

The wireless device305-bmay receive each of signals315(e.g., each of the AN-impaired messages) that include a repetition325that is protected via a pseudo-noise signal320(e.g., pseudo-noise signal320-a, pseudo-noise signal320-b, pseudo-noise signal320-c). The wireless device305-bmay not decode each signal315individually, but instead may buffer each of the received signals315. Equation 14 includes an example definition of the total buffered pseudo-noise signals320(e.g., an accumulated AN interference) at the wireless device305-bin cases that the wireless device305-breceives and buffers j total repetitions325of a message.
β1|h1|2+β2|h2|2+ . . . +βj|hj|2=(γ1ejθ1+γ2ejθ2+ . . . +γjejθj)u(14)

When the wireless device305-breceives an indication from the wireless device305-aof each of the signals315that include repetitions325of the message, the wireless device305-bmay soft combine each of the signals315according to a pseudo-noise cancellation scheme. For example, the wireless device305-amay have selected values of γ1, γ2, . . . , γjand θ1, θ2, . . . , θjsuch that (γ1ejθ1+γ2ejθ2+ . . . +γjejθj) u=0. Then, the wireless device305-bmay combine each of the repetitions325(e.g., repetition325-a, repetition325-b, repetition325-c) and attempt to decode the message included in each of the repetitions325.

FIG.4illustrates examples of pseudo-noise signal parameter configurations400that support power control for transmissions with time-based artificial noise in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The pseudo-noise signal parameter configurations400may be implemented by aspects of the wireless communications systems100and200or the timing diagram300. For example, any of the wireless devices as described with reference toFIGS.1through3may implement aspects of the pseudo-noise signal parameter configurations400to transmit repetitions of a signal according to a time-based CSI diversity scheme, where each of the repetitions of the signal are protected using a pseudo-noise signal as described herein. In some cases, a wireless device may select parameters for the pseudo-noise signals applied to the repetitions of the signal in accordance with one of the pseudo-noise signal parameter configurations400.

Each of the pseudo-noise signal parameter configurations400may illustrate sets of points405that are each associated with a gain parameter γ and a phase parameter θ. Each point405may be defined based on the corresponding gain parameter γ and phase parameter θ. For example, each point405may be mapped to the axes according to Equation 15.
γejθu(15)

In some cases, a wireless device may generate corresponding pseudo-noise signals based on the corresponding points405as described with reference to Equation 10. For example, if a wireless device relies on the pseudo-noise signal parameter configuration400-a, the wireless device may generate a first pseudo-noise signal (e.g., according to Equation 10) using the gain parameter γ1and the phase parameter θ1to apply to a first repetition of a signal. Additionally, the wireless device may generate a second pseudo-noise signal (e.g., according to Equation 10) using the gain parameter γ2and the phase parameter θ2to apply to a second repetition of the signal.

In another example, if the wireless device relies on the pseudo-noise signal parameter configuration400-b, the wireless device may generate three pseudo-noise signals to apply to each of three corresponding repetitions of the signal: a first pseudo-noise signal generated using the gain parameter γ3and the phase parameter θ3, a second pseudo-noise signal generated using the gain parameter γ4and the phase parameter θ4, and a third pseudo-noise signal generated using the gain parameter γ4and the phase parameter θ4. Further, if the wireless device relies on the pseudo-noise signal parameter configuration400-c, the wireless device may generate three pseudo-noise signals to apply to each of three corresponding repetitions of the signal: a first pseudo-noise signal generated using the gain parameter γ6and the phase parameter θ6, a second pseudo-noise signal generated using the gain parameter γ7and the phase parameter θ7, and a third pseudo-noise signal generated using the gain parameter γ8and the phase parameter θ8.

Each of the pseudo-noise signal parameter configurations400correspond to example clusters of points405that are associated with gain parameters and phase parameters that cause a summation of each of the points405to equal 0 (e.g., at the receiving device). This may enable a receiving wireless device to combine the set of pseudo-noise signals generated according to any of the pseudo-noise signal parameter configurations400to cancel out the accumulated pseudo-noise signal. Thus, the pseudo-noise signal parameter configurations400include example pseudo-noise signal parameter configurations400that enable a receiving wireless device to perform a pseudo-noise cancellation scheme (e.g., an AN cancellation scheme).

In the example of pseudo-noise signal parameter configuration400-a, the gain parameters γ1and γ2and the phase parameters θ1and θ2may be defined according to Equations 16 and 17.
γ1=γ2(16)
θ2=θ1+π  (17)

Defining the gain parameters γ1and γ2and the phase parameters θ1and θ2according to Equations 16 and 17, respectively, may cause γ1ejθ1+γ2ejθ2=0. In some cases, a transmitting wireless device may generate pseudo-noise signals corresponding to the cluster of points405-aand405-bin cases that the two time slots (e.g., for transmitting the first and second repetitions of the signal) have a similar channel strength. That is, in cases that the two time slots do not have similar channel strengths (e.g., if the estimated CSIs associated with the two time slots are not within a threshold), a transmitting device may be unable to generate pseudo-noise signals according to the pseudo-noise signal parameter configuration400-a.

Defining the gain parameters γ3, γ4, and γ5and the phase parameters θ3, θ4, and θ5according to Equations 18, 19, and 20 may cause γ3ejθ3+γ4ejθ4+γ5ejθ5=0. In some cases, a transmitting wireless device may generate pseudo-noise signals corresponding to the cluster of points405-c,405-d, and405-ein cases that the three time slots (e.g., for transmitting the first and second repetitions of the signal) have a similar channel strength. The pseudo-noise signal parameter configuration400-bmay provide additional security protection as compared to the pseudo-noise signal parameter configuration400-adue to having three repetitions of the signal rather than two repetitions of the signal. However, channel conditions may inhibit a transmitting wireless device from implementing the pseudo-noise signal parameter configuration, as the channel may be less likely to have three slots with similar channel strength (but sufficient CSI diversity) than having two slots with similar channel strength (but sufficient CSI diversity). Additionally, a transmitting wireless device may be unable to generate pseudo-noise signals according to the pseudo-noise signal parameter configuration400-bin cases that the three time slots do not have similar channel strength.

FIG.5illustrates an example of a flow chart500that supports power control for transmissions with time-based artificial noise in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The flow chart500may implement or be implemented by aspects of wireless communications systems100and200, timing diagram300, and pseudo-noise signal parameter configurations400. For example, any of the wireless devices as described with reference toFIGS.1through3may implement the flow chart500according to one of the pseudo-noise signal parameter configurations as described with reference toFIG.4.

In some cases, a wireless device may execute the flow chart500to generate a pseudo-noise signal to apply to a repetition of a signal transmitted according to a time-based CSI diversity scheme.

At505, a first wireless device may receive, from a second wireless device, a reference signal. For example, the first wireless device may receive an SRS from the second wireless device. Then, the first wireless device may estimate a CSI for an nthslot associated with a channel between the first and second wireless device using the received reference signal. In some cases, the estimated CSI for the nthslot (e.g., that is included in a first channel coherence time window) may correspond to hn.

At510, the first wireless device may determine whether the repetition of the signal is an initial repetition. For example, if another repetition of the signal has been transmitted in a previous slot (e.g., an m′h slot included in a previous channel coherence time window), the first wireless device may determine that the current repetition is not the initial transmission and may proceed to520. Additionally, or alternatively, if another repetition of the signal has not been transmitted in a previous slot, the first wireless device may determine that the current repetition is the initial transmission and may proceed to515.

At515, the first wireless device may randomly select a gain parameter γnthat causes a power level of the associated pseudo-noise signal to fall within a predefined range (e.g., as described with reference to Equations 11 and 12). Additionally, the first wireless device may randomly select a phase parameter for the initial repetition θn. Based on randomly choosing the gain parameter γnand the phase parameter θnfor the initial repetition, the first wireless device may proceed to540.

At520, the first wireless device may determine whether a gain parameter γmused to generate a pseudo-noise signal applied to a previous repetition in a previous slot (e.g., an mthslot included in a previous channel coherence time window) can be reused. For example, the first wireless device may determine whether using the gain parameter γmto generate a pseudo-noise signal based on the CSI estimated at505would generate a pseudo-noise signal having a power level within the defined range (e.g., as described with reference to Equations 11 and 12). In cases that the gain parameter γmmay be reused, the first wireless device may set the gain parameter γnto be equal to the gain parameter γmand proceed to525. In cases that the gain parameter γmmay not be reused, the first wireless device may proceed instead to either515or to530.

At525, the first wireless device may select a phase parameter θnbased on the setting the gain parameter γnto be equal to the gain parameter γm. In one example where the first wireless device selects a phase parameter according to the pseudo-noise signal parameter configuration400-a, the first wireless device may set the phase parameter θnto be equal to θm+π, as described with reference to Equations 16 and 17. In another example where the first wireless device selects a phase parameter according to the pseudo-noise signal parameter configuration400-b, the first wireless device may set the phase parameter θnto be equal to

θm+2⁢π3⁢or⁢θm+4⁢π3
(e.g., as described with reference to Equations 18 through 20). For example, in cases that the current repetition corresponds to a third repetition and there is an additional kthprevious slot (e.g., within a second previous channel coherence time window) with a gain parameter γksuch that

γk=γm=γn⁢and⁢θk=θn+2⁢π3,
the first wireless device may set θnto be equal to

θm+4⁢π3.
Additionally, if the current repetition corresponds to a second repetition and there is not an additional kthprevious slot (e.g., within a second previous channel coherence time window) with a gain parameter γksuch that γk=γm=γnand

θk=θn+2⁢π3,
the first wireless device may set the phase parameter θnto be equal to

In another example, the first wireless device may select a phase parameter according to the pseudo-noise signal parameter configuration400-c. Here, the first wireless device may first determine that the current repetition corresponds to a third repetition and there is an additional kthprevious slot (e.g., within a second previous channel coherence time window) with a gain parameter γksuch that γk=2 sin(θ)γm=2 sin(θ)γn(e.g., as described with reference to Equation 21). Then, the first wireless device may set the phase parameter θnto be equal to

θk-θ-π2,
where θ=sin−1(γk/2γn) (e.g., as described with reference to Equations 23 and 24). After selecting the phase parameter at525, the device may proceed to540.

At530, the first wireless device may select a previous slot within which a previous repetition of the signal has been transmitted. For example, the first wireless device may select (e.g., arbitrarily) a previous slot m included in a previous channel coherence time window, where the pseudo-noise signal transmitted via the previous slot m was generated using a gain parameter γmand a phase parameter θm. Then the first wireless device may proceed to535.

In another example where generating a pseudo-noise signal using a gain parameter γn<γm/2 causes a power level of the pseudo-noise signal to be within the defined range (e.g., as defined according to Equations 11 and 12), the first wireless device may set the gain parameter γn=(2 sin θ)γm. Additionally, the first wireless device may set the θm=θn+θ+π/2, where θ=sin−1(γm/2γn). In some cases, the gain parameter γn<γm/2 may cause the power level of the pseudo-noise signal to be within the defined range in cases that the power level of the pseudo-noise signal transmitted via the current slot n is greater than a power level of the pseudo-noise signal transmitted via the previous slot m.

Thus, gain and phase parameters for a future repetition of the signal may be selected according to the pseudo-noise signal parameter configuration400-c(e.g., to select gain and phase parameters for a third repetition) or according to the pseudo-noise signal parameter configuration400-a(e.g., to select gain and phase parameters for a second repetition). After selecting the gain and phase parameters at535, the first wireless device may proceed to540.

At540, the first wireless device may generate a pseudo-noise signal (e.g., as described with reference to Equation 10) using the selected gain and phase parameters. At545, the first wireless device may apply the pseudo-noise signal to a repetition of the signal (e.g., message, packet) to generate a signal for transmitting to the second wireless device. Then, the first wireless device may transmit the signal to the second wireless device at550.

FIG.6illustrates an example of a process flow600that supports power control for transmissions with time-based artificial noise in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. In some examples, process flow600may implement or be implemented by aspects of the wireless communications system100, the wireless communications system200, and the timing diagram300. For example, the process flow600may include wireless devices (e.g., wireless device605-aand wireless device605-b) which may be examples of wireless devices (e.g., UEs115and network entities105) as described with respect toFIG.1.

At610, the wireless device605-amay receive a first reference signal (e.g., an SRS) from the wireless device605-bover a first time interval.

At615, the wireless device605-amay apply a first pseudo-noise signal to a first repetition of a first signal to obtain a second signal, where the first pseudo-noise signal is based on a first estimated CSI corresponding to the first reference signal, a first gain parameter, and a first phase parameter. Additionally, the first gain parameter and the first phase parameter are based on a second gain parameter and a second phase parameter of a second pseudo-noise signal applied to a second repetition of the first signal to obtain a third signal that is transmitted to the wireless device605-bover a second time interval occurring prior to the first time interval.

At620, the wireless device may transmit the second signal to the wireless device605-bover a third time interval occurring after the first time interval.

FIG.7illustrates a block diagram700of a device705that supports power control for transmissions with time-based artificial noise in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The device705may be an example of aspects of a network entity105as described herein. The device705may include a receiver710, a transmitter715, and a communications manager720. The device705may also include a processor. Each of these components may be in communication with one another (e.g., via one or more buses).

The transmitter715may provide a means for outputting (e.g., transmitting, providing, conveying, sending) information generated by other components of the device705. For example, the transmitter715may output information such as user data, control information, or any combination thereof (e.g., I/Q samples, symbols, packets, protocol data units, service data units) associated with various channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, information channels, channels associated with a protocol stack). In some examples, the transmitter715may support outputting information by transmitting signals via one or more antennas. Additionally, or alternatively, the transmitter715may support outputting information by transmitting signals via one or more wired (e.g., electrical, fiber optic) interfaces, wireless interfaces, or any combination thereof. In some examples, the transmitter715and the receiver710may be co-located in a transceiver, which may include or be coupled with a modem.

The communications manager720, the receiver710, the transmitter715, or various combinations thereof or various components thereof may be examples of means for performing various aspects of power control for transmissions with time-based artificial noise as described herein. For example, the communications manager720, the receiver710, the transmitter715, or various combinations or components thereof may support a method for performing one or more of the functions described herein.

In some examples, the communications manager720may be configured to perform various operations (e.g., receiving, obtaining, monitoring, outputting, transmitting) using or otherwise in cooperation with the receiver710, the transmitter715, or both. For example, the communications manager720may receive information from the receiver710, send information to the transmitter715, or be integrated in combination with the receiver710, the transmitter715, or both to obtain information, output information, or perform various other operations as described herein.

The communications manager720may support wireless communication at a network entity in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. For example, the communications manager720may be configured as or otherwise support a means for receiving a first reference signal from a UE over a first time interval. The communications manager720may be configured as or otherwise support a means for applying a first pseudo-noise signal to a first repetition of a first signal to obtain a second signal, where the first pseudo-noise signal is based on a first estimated CSI corresponding to the first reference signal, a first gain parameter, and a first phase parameter, and where the first gain parameter and the first phase parameter are based on a second gain parameter and a second phase parameter of a second pseudo-noise signal applied to a second repetition of the first signal to obtain a third signal that is transmitted to the UE over a second time interval occurring prior to the first time interval. The communications manager720may be configured as or otherwise support a means for transmitting the second signal to the UE over a third time interval occurring after the first time interval.

By including or configuring the communications manager720in accordance with examples as described herein, the device705(e.g., a processor controlling or otherwise coupled with the receiver710, the transmitter715, the communications manager720, or a combination thereof) may support techniques for reduced power consumption.

The device805, or various components thereof, may be an example of means for performing various aspects of power control for transmissions with time-based artificial noise as described herein. For example, the communications manager820may include a reference signal receiver825, a pseudo-noise applier830, a repetition signal transmitter835, or any combination thereof. The communications manager820may be an example of aspects of a communications manager720as described herein. In some examples, the communications manager820, or various components thereof, may be configured to perform various operations (e.g., receiving, obtaining, monitoring, outputting, transmitting) using or otherwise in cooperation with the receiver810, the transmitter815, or both. For example, the communications manager820may receive information from the receiver810, send information to the transmitter815, or be integrated in combination with the receiver810, the transmitter815, or both to obtain information, output information, or perform various other operations as described herein.

The communications manager820may support wireless communication at a network entity in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. The reference signal receiver825may be configured as or otherwise support a means for receiving a first reference signal from a UE over a first time interval. The pseudo-noise applier830may be configured as or otherwise support a means for applying a first pseudo-noise signal to a first repetition of a first signal to obtain a second signal, where the first pseudo-noise signal is based on a first estimated CSI corresponding to the first reference signal, a first gain parameter, and a first phase parameter, and where the first gain parameter and the first phase parameter are based on a second gain parameter and a second phase parameter of a second pseudo-noise signal applied to a second repetition of the first signal to obtain a third signal that is transmitted to the UE over a second time interval occurring prior to the first time interval. The repetition signal transmitter835may be configured as or otherwise support a means for transmitting the second signal to the UE over a third time interval occurring after the first time interval.

FIG.9illustrates a block diagram900of a communications manager920that supports power control for transmissions with time-based artificial noise in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The communications manager920may be an example of aspects of a communications manager720, a communications manager820, or both, as described herein. The communications manager920, or various components thereof, may be an example of means for performing various aspects of power control for transmissions with time-based artificial noise as described herein. For example, the communications manager920may include a reference signal receiver925, a pseudo-noise applier930, a repetition signal transmitter935, a reference signal request transmitter940, a repetition indicator945, or any combination thereof. Each of these components may communicate, directly or indirectly, with one another (e.g., via one or more buses) which may include communications within a protocol layer of a protocol stack, communications associated with a logical channel of a protocol stack (e.g., between protocol layers of a protocol stack, within a device, component, or virtualized component associated with a network entity105, between devices, components, or virtualized components associated with a network entity105), or any combination thereof.

The communications manager920may support wireless communication at a network entity in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. The reference signal receiver925may be configured as or otherwise support a means for receiving a first reference signal from a UE over a first time interval. For instance, the reference signal receiver925may obtain reference signals926, which may include the first reference signal. The pseudo-noise applier930may be configured as or otherwise support a means for applying a first pseudo-noise signal to a first repetition of a first signal to obtain a second signal, where the first pseudo-noise signal is based on a first estimated CSI corresponding to the first reference signal, a first gain parameter, and a first phase parameter, and where the first gain parameter and the first phase parameter are based on a second gain parameter and a second phase parameter of a second pseudo-noise signal applied to a second repetition of the first signal to obtain a third signal that is transmitted to the UE over a second time interval occurring prior to the first time interval. In some cases, the pseudo-noise applier930may obtain estimated CSIs927from the reference signal receiver925, which may include the first estimated CSI. In some instances, the pseudo-noise applier930may output signals931that are generated based on applying pseudo-noise signals to repetitions of the first signal, which may include the third signal, to the repetition signal transmitter935. The repetition signal transmitter935may be configured as or otherwise support a means for transmitting the second signal936to the UE over a third time interval occurring after the first time interval.

In some examples, a first power level of the first pseudo-noise signal is based on the first gain parameter. In some examples, the first gain parameter is based on the first power level of the first pseudo-noise signal being greater than a first defined power level and less than a second defined power level.

In some examples, the first gain parameter is equal to the second gain parameter based on the first power level of the first pseudo-noise signal being greater than the first defined power level and less than the second defined power level when the first gain parameter is equal to the second gain parameter.

In some examples, the first phase parameter is further based on a third gain parameter and a third phase parameter of a third pseudo-noise signal applied to a third repetition of the first signal to obtain a fourth signal that is transmitted to the UE over a fourth time interval occurring prior to the first time interval.

In some examples, the reference signal receiver925may be configured as or otherwise support a means for receiving, after transmitting the second signal to the UE, a second reference signal from the UE. For instance, the reference signal receiver925may obtain reference signals926, which may include the second reference signal. In some examples, the pseudo-noise applier930may be configured as or otherwise support a means for applying a third pseudo-noise signal to a third repetition of the first signal to obtain a fourth signal, where the third pseudo-noise signal is based on a second estimated CSI corresponding to the second reference signal, a third gain parameter equal to the first gain parameter and the second gain parameter, and a third phase parameter that is based on the first phase parameter and the second phase parameter. In some cases, the pseudo-noise applier930may obtain estimated CSIs927from the reference signal receiver925, which may include the second estimated CSI. In some instances, the pseudo-noise applier930may output signals931that are generated based on applying pseudo-noise signals to repetitions of the first signal, which may include the fourth signal, to the repetition signal transmitter935. In some examples, the repetition signal transmitter935may be configured as or otherwise support a means for transmitting the fourth signal to the UE.

In some examples, the first gain parameter is different than the second gain parameter based on a second power of the first pseudo-noise signal being less than the first defined power level or greater than the second defined power level when the first gain parameter is equal to the second gain parameter.

In some examples, the second pseudo-noise signal applied to the third signal is based on a second estimated CSI corresponding to a second reference signal received from the UE. In some examples, the first phase parameter is based on whether a first power level of the first reference signal is within a threshold amount of a second power level of the second reference signal.

In some examples, the second pseudo-noise signal applied to the third signal is based on a second estimated CSI corresponding to a second reference signal received from the UE. In some examples, the first gain parameter and the first phase parameter are based on the second gain parameter and the second phase parameter of the second reference signal based on a correlation of the first estimated CSI and the second estimated CSI being less than a threshold.

In some examples, the reference signal request transmitter940may be configured as or otherwise support a means for transmitting, to the UE, signaling941requesting for the UE to transmit the first reference signal over the first time interval, where receiving the first reference signal from the UE is based on transmitting the signaling.

In some examples, the second pseudo-noise signal applied to the third signal is based on a second estimated CSI corresponding to a second reference signal received from the UE. In some examples, transmitting the signaling requesting for the UE to transmit the first reference signal over the first time interval is based on a predicted correlation between the first estimated CSI and the second estimated CSI being less than a threshold.

In some examples, the second pseudo-noise signal applied to the third signal is based on a second estimated CSI corresponding to a second reference signal received from the UE. In some examples, the first reference signal and the second reference signal are received via different frequency resources, different beam configurations at the network entity, or both based on a correlation between the second estimated CSI and a third predicted CSI corresponding to a third reference signal received from the UE over the first time interval via a same set of frequency resources and a same beam configuration as the second reference signal being greater than a threshold.

In some examples, the second pseudo-noise signal applied to the third signal is based on a second estimated CSI corresponding to a second reference signal received from the UE. In some examples, the first reference signal and the second reference signal are received via a same set of frequency resources and via a same beam configuration at the network entity.

In some examples, the repetition indicator945may be configured as or otherwise support a means for transmitting, to the UE and based on transmitting the second signal, signaling946indicating that the second signal and the third signal are repetitions of the first signal. In some cases, the repetition indicator945may obtain the indication944that the second signal and the third signal are repetitions of the first signal from the repetition signal transmitter935.

FIG.10illustrates a diagram of a system1000including a device1005that supports power control for transmissions with time-based artificial noise in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The device1005may be an example of or include the components of a device705, a device805, or a network entity105as described herein. The device1005may communicate with one or more network entities105, one or more UEs115, or any combination thereof, which may include communications over one or more wired interfaces, over one or more wireless interfaces, or any combination thereof. The device1005may include components that support outputting and obtaining communications, such as a communications manager1020, a transceiver1010, an antenna1015, a memory1025, code1030, and a processor1035. These components may be in electronic communication or otherwise coupled (e.g., operatively, communicatively, functionally, electronically, electrically) via one or more buses (e.g., a bus1040).

The transceiver1010may support bi-directional communications via wired links, wireless links, or both as described herein. In some examples, the transceiver1010may include a wired transceiver and may communicate bi-directionally with another wired transceiver. Additionally, or alternatively, in some examples, the transceiver1010may include a wireless transceiver and may communicate bi-directionally with another wireless transceiver. In some examples, the device1005may include one or more antennas1015, which may be capable of transmitting or receiving wireless transmissions (e.g., concurrently). The transceiver1010may also include a modem to modulate signals, to provide the modulated signals for transmission (e.g., by one or more antennas1015, by a wired transmitter), to receive modulated signals (e.g., from one or more antennas1015, from a wired receiver), and to demodulate signals. In some implementations, the transceiver1010may include one or more interfaces, such as one or more interfaces coupled with the one or more antennas1015that are configured to support various receiving or obtaining operations, or one or more interfaces coupled with the one or more antennas1015that are configured to support various transmitting or outputting operations, or a combination thereof. In some implementations, the transceiver1010may include or be configured for coupling with one or more processors or memory components that are operable to perform or support operations based on received or obtained information or signals, or to generate information or other signals for transmission or other outputting, or any combination thereof. In some implementations, the transceiver1010, or the transceiver1010and the one or more antennas1015, or the transceiver1010and the one or more antennas1015and one or more processors or memory components (for example, the processor1035, or the memory1025, or both), may be included in a chip or chip assembly that is installed in the device1005. In some examples, the transceiver may be operable to support communications via one or more communications links (e.g., a communication link125, a backhaul communication link120, a midhaul communication link162, a fronthaul communication link168).

The memory1025may include RAM and ROM. The memory1025may store computer-readable, computer-executable code1030including instructions that, when executed by the processor1035, cause the device1005to perform various functions described herein. The code1030may be stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium such as system memory or another type of memory. In some cases, the code1030may not be directly executable by the processor1035but may cause a computer (e.g., when compiled and executed) to perform functions described herein. In some cases, the memory1025may contain, among other things, a BIOS which may control basic hardware or software operation such as the interaction with peripheral components or devices.

The processor1035may include an intelligent hardware device (e.g., a general-purpose processor, a DSP, an ASIC, a CPU, an FPGA, a microcontroller, a programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic, a discrete hardware component, or any combination thereof). In some cases, the processor1035may be configured to operate a memory array using a memory controller. In some other cases, a memory controller may be integrated into the processor1035. The processor1035may be configured to execute computer-readable instructions stored in a memory (e.g., the memory1025) to cause the device1005to perform various functions (e.g., functions or tasks supporting power control for transmissions with time-based artificial noise). For example, the device1005or a component of the device1005may include a processor1035and memory1025coupled with the processor1035, the processor1035and memory1025configured to perform various functions described herein. The processor1035may be an example of a cloud-computing platform (e.g., one or more physical nodes and supporting software such as operating systems, virtual machines, or container instances) that may host the functions (e.g., by executing code1030) to perform the functions of the device1005. The processor1035may be any one or more suitable processors capable of executing scripts or instructions of one or more software programs stored in the device1005(such as within the memory1025). In some implementations, the processor1035may be a component of a processing system. A processing system may generally refer to a system or series of machines or components that receives inputs and processes the inputs to produce a set of outputs (which may be passed to other systems or components of, for example, the device1005). For example, a processing system of the device1005may refer to a system including the various other components or subcomponents of the device1005, such as the processor1035, or the transceiver1010, or the communications manager1020, or other components or combinations of components of the device1005. The processing system of the device1005may interface with other components of the device1005, and may process information received from other components (such as inputs or signals) or output information to other components. For example, a chip or modem of the device1005may include a processing system and one or more interfaces to output information, or to obtain information, or both. The one or more interfaces may be implemented as or otherwise include a first interface configured to output information and a second interface configured to obtain information, or a same interface configured to output information and to obtain information, among other implementations. In some implementations, the one or more interfaces may refer to an interface between the processing system of the chip or modem and a transmitter, such that the device1005may transmit information output from the chip or modem. Additionally, or alternatively, in some implementations, the one or more interfaces may refer to an interface between the processing system of the chip or modem and a receiver, such that the device1005may obtain information or signal inputs, and the information may be passed to the processing system. A person having ordinary skill in the art will readily recognize that a first interface also may obtain information or signal inputs, and a second interface also may output information or signal outputs.

In some examples, a bus1040may support communications of (e.g., within) a protocol layer of a protocol stack. In some examples, a bus1040may support communications associated with a logical channel of a protocol stack (e.g., between protocol layers of a protocol stack), which may include communications performed within a component of the device1005, or between different components of the device1005that may be co-located or located in different locations (e.g., where the device1005may refer to a system in which one or more of the communications manager1020, the transceiver1010, the memory1025, the code1030, and the processor1035may be located in one of the different components or divided between different components).

The communications manager1020may support wireless communication at a network entity in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. For example, the communications manager1020may be configured as or otherwise support a means for receiving a first reference signal from a UE over a first time interval. The communications manager1020may be configured as or otherwise support a means for applying a first pseudo-noise signal to a first repetition of a first signal to obtain a second signal, where the first pseudo-noise signal is based on a first estimated CSI corresponding to the first reference signal, a first gain parameter, and a first phase parameter, and where the first gain parameter and the first phase parameter are based on a second gain parameter and a second phase parameter of a second pseudo-noise signal applied to a second repetition of the first signal to obtain a third signal that is transmitted to the UE over a second time interval occurring prior to the first time interval. The communications manager1020may be configured as or otherwise support a means for transmitting the second signal to the UE over a third time interval occurring after the first time interval.

By including or configuring the communications manager1020in accordance with examples as described herein, the device1005may support techniques for improved communication reliability and reduced power consumption.

In some examples, the communications manager1020may be configured to perform various operations (e.g., receiving, obtaining, monitoring, outputting, transmitting) using or otherwise in cooperation with the transceiver1010, the one or more antennas1015(e.g., where applicable), or any combination thereof. Although the communications manager1020is illustrated as a separate component, in some examples, one or more functions described with reference to the communications manager1020may be supported by or performed by the transceiver1010, the processor1035, the memory1025, the code1030, or any combination thereof. For example, the code1030may include instructions executable by the processor1035to cause the device1005to perform various aspects of power control for transmissions with time-based artificial noise as described herein, or the processor1035and the memory1025may be otherwise configured to perform or support such operations.

The communications manager1120, the receiver1110, the transmitter1115, or various combinations thereof or various components thereof may be examples of means for performing various aspects of power control for transmissions with time-based artificial noise as described herein. For example, the communications manager1120, the receiver1110, the transmitter1115, or various combinations or components thereof may support a method for performing one or more of the functions described herein.

In some examples, the communications manager1120may be configured to perform various operations (e.g., receiving, obtaining, monitoring, outputting, transmitting) using or otherwise in cooperation with the receiver1110, the transmitter1115, or both. For example, the communications manager1120may receive information from the receiver1110, send information to the transmitter1115, or be integrated in combination with the receiver1110, the transmitter1115, or both to obtain information, output information, or perform various other operations as described herein.

The communications manager1120may support wireless communication at a UE in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. For example, the communications manager1120may be configured as or otherwise support a means for receiving a first reference signal from a network entity over a first time interval. The communications manager1120may be configured as or otherwise support a means for applying a first pseudo-noise signal to a first repetition of a first signal to obtain a second signal, where the first pseudo-noise signal is based on a first estimated CSI corresponding to the first reference signal, a first gain parameter, and a first phase parameter, and where the first gain parameter and the first phase parameter are based on a second gain parameter and a second phase parameter of a second pseudo-noise signal applied to a second repetition of the first signal to obtain a third signal that is transmitted to the network entity over a second time interval occurring prior to the first time interval. The communications manager1120may be configured as or otherwise support a means for transmitting the second signal to the network entity over a third time interval occurring after the first time interval.

By including or configuring the communications manager1120in accordance with examples as described herein, the device1105(e.g., a processor controlling or otherwise coupled with the receiver1110, the transmitter1115, the communications manager1120, or a combination thereof) may support techniques for reduced power consumption.

The transmitter1215may provide a means for transmitting signals generated by other components of the device1205. For example, the transmitter1215may transmit information such as packets, user data, control information, or any combination thereof associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, information channels related to power control for transmissions with time-based artificial noise). In some examples, the transmitter1215may be co-located with a receiver1210in a transceiver module. The transmitter1215may utilize a single antenna or a set of multiple antennas.

The device1205, or various components thereof, may be an example of means for performing various aspects of power control for transmissions with time-based artificial noise as described herein. For example, the communications manager1220may include a reference signal component1225, a pseudo-noise component1230, a signal transmission component1235, or any combination thereof. The communications manager1220may be an example of aspects of a communications manager1120as described herein. In some examples, the communications manager1220, or various components thereof, may be configured to perform various operations (e.g., receiving, obtaining, monitoring, outputting, transmitting) using or otherwise in cooperation with the receiver1210, the transmitter1215, or both. For example, the communications manager1220may receive information from the receiver1210, send information to the transmitter1215, or be integrated in combination with the receiver1210, the transmitter1215, or both to obtain information, output information, or perform various other operations as described herein.

The communications manager1220may support wireless communication at a UE in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. The reference signal component1225may be configured as or otherwise support a means for receiving a first reference signal from a network entity over a first time interval. The pseudo-noise component1230may be configured as or otherwise support a means for applying a first pseudo-noise signal to a first repetition of a first signal to obtain a second signal, where the first pseudo-noise signal is based on a first estimated CSI corresponding to the first reference signal, a first gain parameter, and a first phase parameter, and where the first gain parameter and the first phase parameter are based on a second gain parameter and a second phase parameter of a second pseudo-noise signal applied to a second repetition of the first signal to obtain a third signal that is transmitted to the network entity over a second time interval occurring prior to the first time interval. The signal transmission component1235may be configured as or otherwise support a means for transmitting the second signal to the network entity over a third time interval occurring after the first time interval.

FIG.13illustrates a block diagram1300of a communications manager1320that supports power control for transmissions with time-based artificial noise in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The communications manager1320may be an example of aspects of a communications manager1120, a communications manager1220, or both, as described herein. The communications manager1320, or various components thereof, may be an example of means for performing various aspects of power control for transmissions with time-based artificial noise as described herein. For example, the communications manager1320may include a reference signal component1325, a pseudo-noise component1330, a signal transmission component1335, a request transmission component1340, a repetition indicator component1345, or any combination thereof. Each of these components may communicate, directly or indirectly, with one another (e.g., via one or more buses).

The communications manager1320may support wireless communication at a UE in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. The reference signal component1325may be configured as or otherwise support a means for receiving a first reference signal from a network entity over a first time interval. For instance, the reference signal component1325may obtain reference signals1326, which may include the first reference signal. The pseudo-noise component1330may be configured as or otherwise support a means for applying a first pseudo-noise signal to a first repetition of a first signal to obtain a second signal, where the first pseudo-noise signal is based on a first estimated CSI corresponding to the first reference signal, a first gain parameter, and a first phase parameter, and where the first gain parameter and the first phase parameter are based on a second gain parameter and a second phase parameter of a second pseudo-noise signal applied to a second repetition of the first signal to obtain a third signal that is transmitted to the network entity over a second time interval occurring prior to the first time interval. In some cases, the pseudo-noise component1330may obtain estimated CSIs1327from the reference signal component1325, which may include the first estimated CSI. In some instances, the pseudo-noise component1330may output signals1331that are generated based on applying pseudo-noise signals to repetitions of the first signal, which may include the third signal, to the signal transmission component1335. The signal transmission component1335may be configured as or otherwise support a means for transmitting the second signal1336to the network entity over a third time interval occurring after the first time interval.

In some examples, a first power level of the first pseudo-noise signal is based on the first gain parameter. In some examples, the first gain parameter is based on the first power level of the first pseudo-noise signal being greater than a first defined power level and less than a second defined power level.

In some examples, the first gain parameter is equal to the second gain parameter based on the first power level of the first pseudo-noise signal being greater than the first defined power level and less than the second defined power level when the first gain parameter is equal to the second gain parameter.

In some examples, the first phase parameter is further based on a third gain parameter and a third phase parameter of a third pseudo-noise signal applied to a third repetition of the first signal to obtain a fourth signal that is transmitted to the network entity over a fourth time interval occurring prior to the first time interval.

In some examples, the reference signal component1325may be configured as or otherwise support a means for receiving, after transmitting the second signal to the network entity, a second reference signal from the network entity. For instance, the reference signal component1325may obtain reference signals1326, which may include the second reference signal. In some examples, the pseudo-noise component1330may be configured as or otherwise support a means for applying a third pseudo-noise signal to a third repetition of the first signal to obtain a fourth signal, where the third pseudo-noise signal is based on a second estimated CSI corresponding to the second reference signal, a third gain parameter equal to the first gain parameter and the second gain parameter, and a third phase parameter that is based on the first phase parameter and the second phase parameter. In some cases, the pseudo-noise component1330may obtain estimated CSIs from the reference signal component1325, which may include the second estimated CSI. Additionally, the pseudo-noise component1330may output, to the signal transmission component1335, signals1331, which may include the fourth signal. In some examples, the signal transmission component1335may be configured as or otherwise support a means for transmitting the fourth signal to the network entity.

In some examples, the first gain parameter is different than the second gain parameter based on a second power of the first pseudo-noise signal being less than the first defined power level or greater than the second defined power level when the first gain parameter is equal to the second gain parameter.

In some examples, the second pseudo-noise signal applied to the third signal is based on a second estimated CSI corresponding to a second reference signal received from the network entity. In some examples, the first phase parameter is based on whether a first power level of the first reference signal is within a threshold amount of a second power level of the second reference signal.

In some examples, the second pseudo-noise signal applied to the third signal is based on a second estimated CSI corresponding to a second reference signal received from the network entity. In some examples, the first gain parameter and the first phase parameter are based on the second gain parameter and the second phase parameter of the second reference signal based on a correlation of the first estimated CSI and the second estimated CSI being less than a threshold.

In some examples, the request transmission component1340may be configured as or otherwise support a means for transmitting, to the network entity, signaling1341requesting for the network entity to transmit the first reference signal over the first time interval, where receiving the first reference signal from the network entity is based on transmitting the signaling.

In some examples, the second pseudo-noise signal applied to the third signal is based on a second estimated CSI corresponding to a second reference signal received from the network entity. In some examples, transmitting the signaling requesting for the network entity to transmit the first reference signal over the first time interval is based on a predicted correlation between the first estimated CSI and the second estimated CSI being less than a threshold.

In some examples, the second pseudo-noise signal applied to the third signal is based on a second estimated CSI corresponding to a second reference signal received from the network entity. In some examples, the first reference signal and the second reference signal are received via different frequency resources, different beam configurations at the UE, or both based on a correlation between the second estimated CSI and a third predicted CSI corresponding to a third reference signal received from the network entity over the first time interval via a same set of frequency resources and a same beam configuration as the second reference signal being greater than a threshold.

In some examples, the second pseudo-noise signal applied to the third signal is based on a second estimated CSI corresponding to a second reference signal received from the network entity. In some examples, the first reference signal and the second reference signal are received via a same set of frequency resources and via a same beam configuration at the UE.

In some examples, the repetition indicator component1345may be configured as or otherwise support a means for transmitting, to the network entity and based on transmitting the second signal, signaling1346indicating that the second signal and the third signal are repetitions of the first signal. In some cases, the repetition indicator component1345may obtain the indication1344that the second signal and the third signal are repetitions of the first signal from the repetition indicator component1345.

FIG.14illustrates a diagram of a system1400including a device1405that supports power control for transmissions with time-based artificial noise in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The device1405may be an example of or include the components of a device1105, a device1205, or a UE115as described herein. The device1405may communicate (e.g., wirelessly) with one or more network entities105, one or more UEs115, or any combination thereof. The device1405may include components for bi-directional voice and data communications including components for transmitting and receiving communications, such as a communications manager1420, an input/output (I/O) controller1410, a transceiver1415, an antenna1425, a memory1430, code1435, and a processor1440. These components may be in electronic communication or otherwise coupled (e.g., operatively, communicatively, functionally, electronically, electrically) via one or more buses (e.g., a bus1445).

The I/O controller1410may manage input and output signals for the device1405. The I/O controller1410may also manage peripherals not integrated into the device1405. In some cases, the I/O controller1410may represent a physical connection or port to an external peripheral. In some cases, the I/O controller1410may utilize an operating system such as iOS®, ANDROID®, MS-DOS®, MS-WINDOWS®, OS/2®, UNIX®, LINUX®, or another known operating system. Additionally or alternatively, the I/O controller1410may represent or interact with a modem, a keyboard, a mouse, a touchscreen, or a similar device. In some cases, the I/O controller1410may be implemented as part of a processor, such as the processor1440. In some cases, a user may interact with the device1405via the I/O controller1410or via hardware components controlled by the I/O controller1410.

In some cases, the device1405may include a single antenna1425. However, in some other cases, the device1405may have more than one antenna1425, which may be capable of concurrently transmitting or receiving multiple wireless transmissions. The transceiver1415may communicate bi-directionally, via the one or more antennas1425, wired, or wireless links as described herein. For example, the transceiver1415may represent a wireless transceiver and may communicate bi-directionally with another wireless transceiver. The transceiver1415may also include a modem to modulate the packets, to provide the modulated packets to one or more antennas1425for transmission, and to demodulate packets received from the one or more antennas1425. The transceiver1415, or the transceiver1415and one or more antennas1425, may be an example of a transmitter1115, a transmitter1215, a receiver1110, a receiver1210, or any combination thereof or component thereof, as described herein.

The memory1430may include random access memory (RAM) and read-only memory (ROM). The memory1430may store computer-readable, computer-executable code1435including instructions that, when executed by the processor1440, cause the device1405to perform various functions described herein. The code1435may be stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium such as system memory or another type of memory. In some cases, the code1435may not be directly executable by the processor1440but may cause a computer (e.g., when compiled and executed) to perform functions described herein. In some cases, the memory1430may contain, among other things, a basic I/O system (BIOS) which may control basic hardware or software operation such as the interaction with peripheral components or devices.

The processor1440may include an intelligent hardware device (e.g., a general-purpose processor, a DSP, a CPU, a microcontroller, an ASIC, an FPGA, a programmable logic device, a discrete gate or transistor logic component, a discrete hardware component, or any combination thereof). In some cases, the processor1440may be configured to operate a memory array using a memory controller. In some other cases, a memory controller may be integrated into the processor1440. The processor1440may be configured to execute computer-readable instructions stored in a memory (e.g., the memory1430) to cause the device1405to perform various functions (e.g., functions or tasks supporting power control for transmissions with time-based artificial noise). For example, the device1405or a component of the device1405may include a processor1440and memory1430coupled with or to the processor1440, the processor1440and memory1430configured to perform various functions described herein.

The communications manager1420may support wireless communication at a UE in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. For example, the communications manager1420may be configured as or otherwise support a means for receiving a first reference signal from a network entity over a first time interval. The communications manager1420may be configured as or otherwise support a means for applying a first pseudo-noise signal to a first repetition of a first signal to obtain a second signal, where the first pseudo-noise signal is based on a first estimated CSI corresponding to the first reference signal, a first gain parameter, and a first phase parameter, and where the first gain parameter and the first phase parameter are based on a second gain parameter and a second phase parameter of a second pseudo-noise signal applied to a second repetition of the first signal to obtain a third signal that is transmitted to the network entity over a second time interval occurring prior to the first time interval. The communications manager1420may be configured as or otherwise support a means for transmitting the second signal to the network entity over a third time interval occurring after the first time interval.

By including or configuring the communications manager1420in accordance with examples as described herein, the device1405may support techniques for improved communication reliability and security and reduced power consumption.

In some examples, the communications manager1420may be configured to perform various operations (e.g., receiving, monitoring, transmitting) using or otherwise in cooperation with the transceiver1415, the one or more antennas1425, or any combination thereof. Although the communications manager1420is illustrated as a separate component, in some examples, one or more functions described with reference to the communications manager1420may be supported by or performed by the processor1440, the memory1430, the code1435, or any combination thereof. For example, the code1435may include instructions executable by the processor1440to cause the device1405to perform various aspects of power control for transmissions with time-based artificial noise as described herein, or the processor1440and the memory1430may be otherwise configured to perform or support such operations.

At1505, the method may include receiving a first reference signal from a UE over a first time interval. The operations of1505may be performed in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of1505may be performed by a reference signal receiver925as described with reference toFIG.9. Receiving the first reference signal may include identifying time-frequency resources over which the first reference signal is transmitted, and receiving the first reference signal over those identified time-frequency resources.

At1510, the method may include applying a first pseudo-noise signal to a first repetition of a first signal to obtain a second signal, where the first pseudo-noise signal is based on a first estimated CSI corresponding to the first reference signal, a first gain parameter, and a first phase parameter, and where the first gain parameter and the first phase parameter are based on a second gain parameter and a second phase parameter of a second pseudo-noise signal applied to a second repetition of the first signal to obtain a third signal that is transmitted to the UE over a second time interval occurring prior to the first time interval. The operations of1510may be performed in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of1510may be performed by a pseudo-noise applier930as described with reference toFIG.9. Applying the first pseudo-noise signal to the first repetition of the first signal may include combining the first pseudo-noise signal and the first signal to generate the second signal for transmitting.

At1515, the method may include transmitting the second signal to the UE over a third time interval occurring after the first time interval. The operations of1515may be performed in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of1515may be performed by a repetition signal transmitter935as described with reference toFIG.9. Transmitting the second signal may include identifying time-frequency resources over which each the second signal is transmitted and transmitting the second signal over those identified time-frequency resources.

FIG.16illustrates a flowchart illustrating a method1600that supports power control for transmissions with time-based artificial noise in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The operations of the method1600may be implemented by a network entity or its components as described herein. For example, the operations of the method1600may be performed by a network entity as described with reference toFIGS.1through10. In some examples, a network entity may execute a set of instructions to control the functional elements of the network entity to perform the described functions. Additionally, or alternatively, the network entity may perform aspects of the described functions using special-purpose hardware.

At1605, the method may include receiving a first reference signal from a UE over a first time interval. The operations of1605may be performed in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of1605may be performed by a reference signal receiver925as described with reference toFIG.9. Receiving the first reference signal may include identifying time-frequency resources over which the first reference signal is transmitted, and receiving the first reference signal over those identified time-frequency resources.

At1610, the method may include applying a first pseudo-noise signal to a first repetition of a first signal to obtain a second signal, where the first pseudo-noise signal is based on a first estimated CSI corresponding to the first reference signal, a first gain parameter, and a first phase parameter, and where the first gain parameter and the first phase parameter are based on a second gain parameter and a second phase parameter of a second pseudo-noise signal applied to a second repetition of the first signal to obtain a third signal that is transmitted to the UE over a second time interval occurring prior to the first time interval. The operations of1610may be performed in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of1610may be performed by a pseudo-noise applier930as described with reference toFIG.9. Applying the first pseudo-noise signal to the first repetition of the first signal may include combining the first pseudo-noise signal and the first signal to generate the second signal for transmitting.

At1615, the method may include transmitting the second signal to the UE over a third time interval occurring after the first time interval. The operations of1615may be performed in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of1615may be performed by a repetition signal transmitter935as described with reference toFIG.9. Transmitting the second signal may include identifying time-frequency resources over which the second signal is transmitted and transmitting the second signal over those identified time-frequency resources.

At1620, the method may include transmitting, to the UE and based on transmitting the second signal, signaling indicating that the second signal and the third signal are repetitions of the first signal. The operations of1620may be performed in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of1620may be performed by a repetition indicator945as described with reference toFIG.9. Transmitting the signaling may include identifying time-frequency resources over which the signaling is transmitted and transmitting the signaling over those identified time-frequency resources.

FIG.17illustrates a flowchart illustrating a method1700that supports power control for transmissions with time-based artificial noise in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The operations of the method1700may be implemented by a UE or its components as described herein. For example, the operations of the method1700may be performed by a UE115as described with reference toFIGS.1through6and11through14. In some examples, a UE may execute a set of instructions to control the functional elements of the UE to perform the described functions. Additionally, or alternatively, the UE may perform aspects of the described functions using special-purpose hardware.

At1705, the method may include receiving a first reference signal from a network entity over a first time interval. The operations of1705may be performed in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of1705may be performed by a reference signal component1325as described with reference toFIG.13. Receiving the first reference signal may include identifying time-frequency resources over which the first reference signal is transmitted, and receiving the first reference signal over those identified time-frequency resources.

At1710, the method may include applying a first pseudo-noise signal to a first repetition of a first signal to obtain a second signal, where the first pseudo-noise signal is based on a first estimated CSI corresponding to the first reference signal, a first gain parameter, and a first phase parameter, and where the first gain parameter and the first phase parameter are based on a second gain parameter and a second phase parameter of a second pseudo-noise signal applied to a second repetition of the first signal to obtain a third signal that is transmitted to the network entity over a second time interval occurring prior to the first time interval. The operations of1710may be performed in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of1710may be performed by a pseudo-noise component1330as described with reference toFIG.13. Applying the first pseudo-noise signal to the first repetition of the first signal may include combining the first pseudo-noise signal and the first signal to generate the second signal for transmitting.

At1715, the method may include transmitting the second signal to the network entity over a third time interval occurring after the first time interval. The operations of1715may be performed in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of1715may be performed by a signal transmission component1335as described with reference toFIG.13. Transmitting the second signal may include identifying time-frequency resources over which the second signal is transmitted and transmitting the second signal over those identified time-frequency resources.

FIG.18illustrates a flowchart illustrating a method1800that supports power control for transmissions with time-based artificial noise in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The operations of the method1800may be implemented by a UE or its components as described herein. For example, the operations of the method1800may be performed by a UE115as described with reference toFIGS.1through6and11through14. In some examples, a UE may execute a set of instructions to control the functional elements of the UE to perform the described functions. Additionally, or alternatively, the UE may perform aspects of the described functions using special-purpose hardware.

At1805, the method may include receiving a first reference signal from a network entity over a first time interval. The operations of1805may be performed in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of1805may be performed by a reference signal component1325as described with reference toFIG.13. Receiving the first reference signal may include identifying time-frequency resources over which the first reference signal is transmitted, and receiving the first reference signal over those identified time-frequency resources.

At1810, the method may include applying a first pseudo-noise signal to a first repetition of a first signal to obtain a second signal, where the first pseudo-noise signal is based on a first estimated CSI corresponding to the first reference signal, a first gain parameter, and a first phase parameter, and where the first gain parameter and the first phase parameter are based on a second gain parameter and a second phase parameter of a second pseudo-noise signal applied to a second repetition of the first signal to obtain a third signal that is transmitted to the network entity over a second time interval occurring prior to the first time interval. The operations of1810may be performed in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of1810may be performed by a pseudo-noise component1330as described with reference toFIG.13. Applying the first pseudo-noise signal to the first repetition of the first signal may include combining the first pseudo-noise signal and the first signal to generate the second signal for transmitting.

At1815, the method may include transmitting the second signal to the network entity over a third time interval occurring after the first time interval. The operations of1815may be performed in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of1815may be performed by a signal transmission component1335as described with reference toFIG.13. Transmitting the second signal may include identifying time-frequency resources over which the second signal is transmitted and transmitting the second signal over those identified time-frequency resources.

At1820, the method may include transmitting, to the network entity and based on transmitting the second signal, signaling indicating that the second signal and the third signal are repetitions of the first signal. The operations of1820may be performed in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of1820may be performed by a repetition indicator component1345as described with reference toFIG.13. Transmitting the signaling may include identifying time-frequency resources over which the signaling is transmitted and transmitting the second signal over those identified time-frequency resources.

Aspect 1: A method for wireless communication at a network entity, comprising: receiving a first reference signal from a UE over a first time interval; applying a first pseudo-noise signal to a first repetition of a first signal to obtain a second signal, wherein the first pseudo-noise signal is based at least in part on a first estimated channel state information corresponding to the first reference signal, a first gain parameter, and a first phase parameter, and wherein the first gain parameter and the first phase parameter are based at least in part on a second gain parameter and a second phase parameter of a second pseudo-noise signal applied to a second repetition of the first signal to obtain a third signal that is transmitted to the UE over a second time interval occurring prior to the first time interval; and transmitting the second signal to the UE over a third time interval occurring after the first time interval.

Aspect 2: The method of aspect 1, wherein a first power level of the first pseudo-noise signal is based at least in part on the first gain parameter; and the first gain parameter is based at least in part on the first power level of the first pseudo-noise signal being greater than a first defined power level and less than a second defined power level.

Aspect 3: The method of aspect 2, wherein the first gain parameter is equal to the second gain parameter based at least in part on the first power level of the first pseudo-noise signal being greater than the first defined power level and less than the second defined power level when the first gain parameter is equal to the second gain parameter.

Aspect 4: The method of aspect 3, wherein the first phase parameter is further based at least in part on a third gain parameter and a third phase parameter of a third pseudo-noise signal applied to a third repetition of the first signal to obtain a fourth signal that is transmitted to the UE over a fourth time interval occurring prior to the first time interval.

Aspect 5: The method of any of aspects 3 through 4, further comprising: receiving, after transmitting the second signal to the UE, a second reference signal from the UE; applying a third pseudo-noise signal to a third repetition of the first signal to obtain a fourth signal, wherein the third pseudo-noise signal is based at least in part on a second estimated channel state information corresponding to the second reference signal, a third gain parameter equal to the first gain parameter and the second gain parameter, and a third phase parameter that is based at least in part on the first phase parameter and the second phase parameter; and transmitting the fourth signal to the UE.

Aspect 6: The method of aspect 1, wherein the first gain parameter is different than the second gain parameter based at least in part on a second power of the first pseudo-noise signal being less than the first defined power level or greater than the second defined power level when the first gain parameter is equal to the second gain parameter.

Aspect 7: The method of any of aspects 1 through 6, wherein the second pseudo-noise signal applied to the third signal is based at least in part on a second estimated channel state information corresponding to a second reference signal received from the UE; and the first phase parameter is based at least in part on whether a first power level of the first reference signal is within a threshold amount of a second power level of the second reference signal.

Aspect 8: The method of any of aspects 1 through 7, wherein the second pseudo-noise signal applied to the third signal is based at least in part on a second estimated channel state information corresponding to a second reference signal received from the UE; and the first gain parameter and the first phase parameter are based at least in part on the second gain parameter and the second phase parameter of the second reference signal based at least in part on a correlation of the first estimated channel state information and the second estimated channel state information being less than a threshold.

Aspect 9: The method of any of aspects 1 through 8, further comprising: transmitting, to the UE, signaling requesting for the UE to transmit the first reference signal over the first time interval, wherein receiving the first reference signal from the UE is based at least in part on transmitting the signaling.

Aspect 10: The method of aspect 9, wherein the second pseudo-noise signal applied to the third signal is based at least in part on a second estimated channel state information corresponding to a second reference signal received from the UE; and transmitting the signaling requesting for the UE to transmit the first reference signal over the first time interval is based at least in part on a predicted correlation between the first estimated channel state information and the second estimated channel state information being less than a threshold.

Aspect 11: The method of any of aspects 1 through 10, wherein the second pseudo-noise signal applied to the third signal is based at least in part on a second estimated channel state information corresponding to a second reference signal received from the UE; and the first reference signal and the second reference signal are received via different frequency resources, different beam configurations at the network entity, or both based at least in part on a correlation between the second estimated channel state information and a third predicted channel state information corresponding to a third reference signal received from the UE over the first time interval via a same set of frequency resources and a same beam configuration as the second reference signal being greater than a threshold.

Aspect 12: The method of any of aspects 1 through 10, wherein the second pseudo-noise signal applied to the third signal is based at least in part on a second estimated channel state information corresponding to a second reference signal received from the UE; and the first reference signal and the second reference signal are received via a same set of frequency resources and via a same beam configuration at the network entity.

Aspect 13: The method of any of aspects 1 through 12, further comprising: transmitting, to the UE and based at least in part on transmitting the second signal, signaling indicating that the second signal and the third signal are repetitions of the first signal.

Aspect 14: A method for wireless communication at a UE, comprising: receiving a first reference signal from a network entity over a first time interval; applying a first pseudo-noise signal to a first repetition of a first signal to obtain a second signal, wherein the first pseudo-noise signal is based at least in part on a first estimated channel state information corresponding to the first reference signal, a first gain parameter, and a first phase parameter, and wherein the first gain parameter and the first phase parameter are based at least in part on a second gain parameter and a second phase parameter of a second pseudo-noise signal applied to a second repetition of the first signal to obtain a third signal that is transmitted to the network entity over a second time interval occurring prior to the first time interval; and transmitting the second signal to the network entity over a third time interval occurring after the first time interval.

Aspect 15: The method of aspect 14, wherein a first power level of the first pseudo-noise signal is based at least in part on the first gain parameter; and the first gain parameter is based at least in part on the first power level of the first pseudo-noise signal being greater than a first defined power level and less than a second defined power level.

Aspect 16: The method of aspect 15, wherein the first gain parameter is equal to the second gain parameter based at least in part on the first power level of the first pseudo-noise signal being greater than the first defined power level and less than the second defined power level when the first gain parameter is equal to the second gain parameter.

Aspect 17: The method of aspect 16, wherein the first phase parameter is further based at least in part on a third gain parameter and a third phase parameter of a third pseudo-noise signal applied to a third repetition of the first signal to obtain a fourth signal that is transmitted to the network entity over a fourth time interval occurring prior to the first time interval.

Aspect 18: The method of any of aspects 16 through 17, further comprising: receiving, after transmitting the second signal to the network entity, a second reference signal from the network entity; applying a third pseudo-noise signal to a third repetition of the first signal to obtain a fourth signal, wherein the third pseudo-noise signal is based at least in part on a second estimated channel state information corresponding to the second reference signal, a third gain parameter equal to the first gain parameter and the second gain parameter, and a third phase parameter that is based at least in part on the first phase parameter and the second phase parameter; and transmitting the fourth signal to the network entity.

Aspect 19: The method of aspect 14, wherein the first gain parameter is different than the second gain parameter based at least in part on a second power of the first pseudo-noise signal being less than the first defined power level or greater than the second defined power level when the first gain parameter is equal to the second gain parameter.

Aspect 20: The method of any of aspects 14 through 19, wherein the second pseudo-noise signal applied to the third signal is based at least in part on a second estimated channel state information corresponding to a second reference signal received from the network entity; and the first phase parameter is based at least in part on whether a first power level of the first reference signal is within a threshold amount of a second power level of the second reference signal.

Aspect 21: The method of any of aspects 14 through 20, wherein the second pseudo-noise signal applied to the third signal is based at least in part on a second estimated channel state information corresponding to a second reference signal received from the network entity; and the first gain parameter and the first phase parameter are based at least in part on the second gain parameter and the second phase parameter of the second reference signal based at least in part on a correlation of the first estimated channel state information and the second estimated channel state information being less than a threshold.

Aspect 22: The method of any of aspects 14 through 21, further comprising: transmitting, to the network entity, signaling requesting for the network entity to transmit the first reference signal over the first time interval, wherein receiving the first reference signal from the network entity is based at least in part on transmitting the signaling.

Aspect 23: The method of aspect 22, wherein the second pseudo-noise signal applied to the third signal is based at least in part on a second estimated channel state information corresponding to a second reference signal received from the network entity; and transmitting the signaling requesting for the network entity to transmit the first reference signal over the first time interval is based at least in part on a predicted correlation between the first estimated channel state information and the second estimated channel state information being less than a threshold.

Aspect 24: The method of any of aspects 14 through 23, wherein the second pseudo-noise signal applied to the third signal is based at least in part on a second estimated channel state information corresponding to a second reference signal received from the network entity; and the first reference signal and the second reference signal are received via different frequency resources, different beam configurations at the UE, or both based at least in part on a correlation between the second estimated channel state information and a third predicted channel state information corresponding to a third reference signal received from the network entity over the first time interval via a same set of frequency resources and a same beam configuration as the second reference signal being greater than a threshold.

Aspect 25: The method of any of aspects 14 through 23, wherein the second pseudo-noise signal applied to the third signal is based at least in part on a second estimated channel state information corresponding to a second reference signal received from the network entity; and the first reference signal and the second reference signal are received via a same set of frequency resources and via a same beam configuration at the UE.

Aspect 26: The method of any of aspects 14 through 25, further comprising: transmitting, to the network entity and based at least in part on transmitting the second signal, signaling indicating that the second signal and the third signal are repetitions of the first signal.

Aspect 28: An apparatus for wireless communication at a network entity, comprising at least one means for performing a method of any of aspects 1 through 13.

Aspect 29: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication at a network entity, the code comprising instructions executable by a processor to perform a method of any of aspects 1 through 13.

Aspect 31: An apparatus for wireless communication at a UE, comprising at least one means for performing a method of any of aspects 14 through 26.