Tone adjusting apparatus for audio signals

The bass and the treble bands of audio signals are controlled by the respective bass and treble control voltages which have appropriate DC voltage levels. A plurality of voltage compensators is used to preprocess the bass and treble control voltages to be applied to a tone controller wherein the respective bass and treble bands of a given audio signal are adjusted in proportion to the bass and treble control voltages. Each of the voltage compensators selectively increases or decreases the bass and/or treble control voltages to enhance or attenuate the bass and/or treble band of the given audio signal when activated by a switching controller.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION 
The present invention relates to a tone control apparatus for audio 
signals; and, more particularly, to an apparatus capable of separately and 
flexibly adjusting the bass and the treble bands of various audio signals 
depending on their source-related characteristics. 
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
Nowadays, the audio portion of TV signals is often broadcasted in both mono 
and stereo sounds; and multiplex or multilingual transmission method is 
also practised in a TV broadcasting system. 
For the stereo broadcasting system, enhancement of both bass and treble 
bands tends to improve the sound quality; while, as for the multiplex 
system, the treble band is preferably attenuated to minimize the noise 
components carried by the high frequencies so that an optimum quality 
sound may hie achieved. 
On the other hand, an audio signal reproduced from, e.g., a videotape 
recording has generally much more noises than a broadcast audio signal. 
Accordingly, i% is generally preferred to attenuate both bass and treble 
bands of frequencies for such reproduced audio signal. 
In the art, varying levels of DC voltages have been commonly used to 
control the respective bass and treble bands of an audio signal. One of 
such known tone control systems is constructed to generate bass and treble 
control voltages which vary linearly with the operation of the bass and 
the treble adjust keys, respectively. The variable bass control voltage 
serves to adjust the bass frequency range of the audio signal to a desired 
level; and, similarly, the variable treble to control voltage adjusts the 
treble range of the audio signal to a predetermined level. 
However, this type of conventional apparatus has the deficiencies of 
requiring a manual operation of the bass and the treble adjust keys, which 
are provided separately for different types of audio signals such as 
stereo, multiplex and reproduced audio signals. 
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
It is therefore an object of the invention to provide an apparatus adapted 
to automatically adjust the "tone" of various types of audio signals which 
does not require different sets of the tone adjust keys or separate manual 
operation thereof, regardless of the type of the audio signal. 
In accordance with one aspect of the present invention, a voltage 
compensator preprocesses respective bass and treble control voltages 
having appropriate DC voltage levels, which are then applied to a tone 
controller wherein each of the bass and treble control voltages is used to 
adjust the bass and the treble bands of an audio signal, respectively. The 
voltage compensator selectively increases or decreases the bass and/or 
treble control voltages to enhance or attenuate the bass and/or the treble 
band of the audio signal when activated by a switching controller. 
The switching controller serves to detect the source-related 
characteristics of a given audio signal and produces an activating control 
signal to activate the voltage compensator in response to the 
characteristics detected.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS 
Referring to FIG. 1, a tone adjusting apparatus 200 is shown to have a DC 
voltage compensator, generally designated by reference numeral 100, which 
is incorporated in an audio signal processing system comprising a pulse 
generator 10, a first and a second voltage converters 11 and 22 for 
generating a bass and a treble control voltages, and a tone controller 20 
to which the bass and treble control voltages are applied. 
For exemplary purposes only, the present invention will now be illustrated 
with reference to an audio signal process commonly employed in a "TVCR" 
system which incorporates as one unit a TV receiver and a video cassette 
recorder(VCR) and which is capable of generating various types of audio 
signals such as stereo, multiplex and reproduced audio signals, wherein 
the stereo and the multiplex signals may be derived from a FM tuner in the 
TV receiver and the reproduced signal may be derived from the VCR. 
The pulse generator 10 generates PWM(Pulse Width Modulation) pulses with 
duty factors through its respective output ports A and B which are 
respectively connected to the first and the second voltage converters 11 
and 22, by the operation of a pair of bass and treble adjust keys (not 
shown), respectively. The voltage converters 11 and 22 are generally 
comprised of low pass filters, respectively, as will be described in 
conjunction with FIG. 2; and serve to smoothe the respective PWM pulses 
and produce DC voltages in levels proportionate to the duty factors of the 
PWM pulses, respectively. The DC voltages from the respective low pass 
filters 11 and 22 are supplied as a bass and a treble control voltages to 
input ports BASS and TRBL in the tone controller 20, respectively. 
The tone controller 20 processes a given type of audio signal being input 
through channel 28 so that the bass and the treble bands of the audio 
signal are adjusted in proportion to the respective levels of the bass and 
the treble control voltages; and provides the processed audio signal to a 
loudspeaker (not shown) through channel 29. 
In accordance with the present invention, the bass and the treble control 
voltages may be preprocessed in the voltage compensator 100 before they 
are applied to the tone controller 20. The voltage compensator 100 
functions to compensate the bass and the treble control voltages to their 
respective predetermined values, when it is operated by a switching 
controller 30 as will be described in detail with reference to FIG. 2. As 
a result, the tone controller 20 produces an audio signal with compensated 
bass and treble bands, as desired. 
Referring now to FIG. 2, there is shown a circuit diagram of the tone 
adjusting apparatus as shown in FIG. 1. As described above, the voltage 
converters 11 and 22 are essentially low pass filters, respectively. The 
first low pass filter or voltage converter 11 comprises a switching speed 
up capacitor C1, a resistor R1, a turnover amplifying transistor Q1 and an 
integration circuit having a resistor R5 and a capacitor C3, wherein a 
diode D1 connected to the resistor R5 in parallel is used to adjust the 
current characteristic. Similarly, the second low pass filter or voltage 
converter 22 comprises a switching speed up capacitor C2, a resistor R2, a 
turnover amplifying transistor Q2 and an integration circuit having a 
resistor R6 and a capacitor C4, wherein a diode D2 connected to the 
resistor R6 in parallel is used to adjust the current characteristic. The 
low pass filters 11 and 22 are well known in the art and therefore will 
not be further discussed with respect to their operation. 
The switching controller 30 is designed to selectively produce switching 
control signals through its respective output ports 01 to 04, depending on 
the specific types of audio signals such as: a reproduced audio signal in 
a standard play mode, a TV stereo audio signal, a reproduced audio signal 
in an extended play mode and a TV multiplex sound signal. The switching 
controller 30 detects, for example, whether the reproduced audio input 
signal to be processed at the tone controller 20 is derived from a 
standard play mode or an extended play mode, based on the Fepetition rate 
of the control track signal from the videotape in the VCR and selectively 
produces a logic 1(one) signal through its corresponding output port 01 or 
03. Similarly, the switching controller 30 determines whether the TV audio 
signal is either of a stereo or of a multiplex sound, based on the pilot 
signal carried by the broadcast signal and selectively produces a logic 
1(one) signal through its corresponding output port 02 or 04. 
The switching controller 30 may be implemented with a single microprocessor 
or microcomputer incorporating the PWM generator 10, rather than with the 
PWM generator and the switching controller, constructed separately, as is 
well known in the art. 
The voltage compensator 100 is divided into two parts 110 and 120 for the 
compensation of the bass and the treble control voltages from the low pass 
filters 11 and 22, respectively, according to the switching control signal 
from the switching controller 30. The first part 110 is designed to 
compensate the bass control voltage and has a first and a second voltage 
down circuits 111 and 112 and a voltage up circuit 113. The first voltage 
down circuit 111 has a switching transistor Q3 whose base is connected to 
the output port 01 of the switching controller 30 through an isolation 
diode D3 and a bias resistor R9 connected in series with each other, 
another bias resistor R10 connected between the base and an emitter of the 
transistor Q3 which is connected ground, and a voltage dividing resistor 
R11 connected to a collector of the transistor Q3 connected to a path 15 
passing the bass control voltage from the first low pass filter 11 to the 
input port BASS of tone controller 20. The second voltage down circuit 112 
has a switching transistor Q4 whose base is connected to the output port 
03 of the switching controller 30 through an isolation diode D5 and a bias 
resistor R13 connected in series with each other, another bias resistor 
R14 connected between the base and an emitter of the transistor 04 which 
is connected to ground and a voltage dividing resistor R12 connected 
between a collector of the transistor Q4 and the path 15, wherein the 
resistance of the resistor R12 is established at a level lower than that 
of the resistor R11 in the voltage down circuit 111. 
On the other hand, the voltage up circuit 113 has a switching transistor Q5 
whose base is connected to the output port 02 of the switching controller 
30 through an isolation diode D4 and whose collector is connected to a 
voltage source Vcc, and a pair of bias resistors R15 and R16 connected 
between the base and an emitter of the transistor 05 and between the 
emitter and the path 15, respectively. 
Similar to the first voltage compensating part 110, the second part 120 has 
a third, a fourth and a fifth voltage down circuits 121, 122 and 123 and a 
voltage up circuit 124. The third voltage down circuit 121 has a switching 
transistor Q6 whose base is connected to the output port 01 of the 
switching controller 30 through an isolation diode D5 and a bias resistor 
R17 connected in series with each other, another bias resistor R18 
connected between the base and an emitter of the transistor Q6 which is 
connected to ground, and a voltage dividing resistor R23 connected between 
a collector of the transistor Q6 and a path 25 passing the treble control 
voltage from the second low pass filter 22 to the input port TRBL of the 
tone controller 20. 
The fourth voltage down circuit 122 has a switching transistor Q7 whose 
base is connected to the output port 03 of the switching controller 30 
through an isolation diode D7 and a bias resistor R19 connected in series 
with each other, another bias resistor R20 connected between the base and 
an emitter of the transistor Q7 which is connected to ground, and a 
voltage dividing resistor R24 connected between a collector of the 
transistor Q7 and the path 25. In this case, the resistance of the 
resistor R24 is established at a level lower than that of the resistor R23 
in the third voltage down circuit 121. 
The fifth voltage down circuit 123 has a switching transistor Q8 whose base 
is connected to the output port 04 of the switching controller 30 through 
an isolation diode D8 and a bias resistor R21 connected in series with 
each other, another bias resistor R22 connected between the base and an 
emitter of the transistor Q8 which is connected to ground, and a voltage 
dividing resistor R25 connected between a collector of the transistor 08 
and the path 25. 
The voltage up circuit 124 has a switching transistor Q9 whose base is 
connected to the output port 02 of the switching controller 30 through the 
isolation diode D4 and whose collector is connected to a voltage source 
Vcc, and a pair of bias resistors R27 and R28 connected between the base 
and an emitter of the transistor Q9 and between the emitter and the path 
25, respectively. 
In the following description on the operation of the tone adjusting 
apparatus in accordance with the present invention, it will be assumpted 
that each of the base and the treble adjust keys remains at a fixed 
condition wherein the PWM generator 10 produces constant PWM pulses. 
Considering first the tone adjustment of a reproduced audio signal in a 
standard VCR play mode, the reproduced VCR audio signal may have more 
noise components than a normal TV audio signal. Therefore, it is 
preferable to attenuate both the high and the low frequency bands which 
carry the noise components in order to achieve a good sound quality. 
Accordingly, for the reproduced VCR audio signal in standard play mode, the 
switching controller 30 produces a high level switching voltage through 
its output port 01 upon detecting that the audio signal to be processed is 
a reproduced VCR audio signal in the standard play mode. The high level 
switching voltage allows to activate the transistors Q3 and Q6 in the 
respective voltage down circuits 111 and 121. 
The PWM generator 10 generates PWM pulses through its output ports A and B, 
respectively. The respective PWM pulses are converted by the respective 
low pass filters 11 and 22 to DC voltage levels which are supplied to the 
input ports BASS and TRBL of the tone controller 30 as a bass and a treble 
control voltages, respectively. 
And then, a part of the bass control voltage distributed by the voltage 
dividing resistor R11 when the switching transistor Q3 is activated by the 
switching controller 30, while a part of the treble control voltage is 
distributed by the voltage dividing resistor R23 when the transistor Q6 is 
activated by the switching controller 30. Accordingly, the bass and the 
treble control voltages from the respective low pass filters 11 and 22 
will be reduced before being supplied to the respective input ports BASS 
and TRBL of the tone controller 20. As a result, the tone controller 20 
processes the bass and the treble sound bands of the reproduced VCR audio 
signal with the reduced bass and treble control voltages, respectively, 
thereby producing the adjusted audio signal of a desired quality. 
Secondly, with respect to a reproduced audio signal in an extended VCR play 
mode, the reproduced VCR audio signal will normally have further more 
noise components than the VCR audio signal in the standard play mode. 
Therefore, it is desirable to reduce the bass and treble frequencies of 
the VCR audio signal in the extended play mode further. 
Accordingly, upon identifying the source characteristics of the audio 
signal, the switching controller 30 produces a high level switching 
voltage through its output port 03 to cause the transistors Q4 and Q7 in 
the voltage down circuits 111 and 122 to activate, respectively. When each 
of the transistors Q4 and Q7 is activated, the bass and the treble control 
voltages from the first and the second low pass filters 11 and 22 are 
partially distributed by the voltage dividing resistors R12 and R24, 
respectively, and then the voltages reduced by the resistors R12 and R24, 
respectively, are applied to the input ports BASS and TRBL of the tone 
controller 20. In this case, each of the reduced bass and treble control 
voltages to be applied to the tone controller 20 will be lowered more than 
those of the reproduced audio signal in the standard play mode since the 
respective resistors R12 and R24 have higher resistances than those of the 
resistors R11 and R23 in the voltage reducing circuits 111 and 121, 
respectively. Accordingly, the bass and treble frequencies of the VCR 
audio signal will be further attenuated by the reduced bass and treble 
control voltages applied to the input ports BASS and TRBL of the tone 
controller 20, respectively. 
Considering now a TV stereo audio signal, the respective bass and treble 
bands of the stereo sound should preferably be enhanced to achieve a 
better sound quality. Accordingly, when the stereo audio signal is 
received, the switching controller 30 produces a high level switching 
voltage through its output port 02 and provides it to the respective 
voltage up circuits 113 and 124 to cause the transistors Q5 and Q9 to 
activate. When each of the transistors Q5 and Q9 is activated, each of the 
Vcc voltage is added at points 16 and 26 to the respective bass and treble 
control voltages from the low pass filters 11 and 12, respectively. The 
added voltages are applied to the input ports BASS and TRBL of the tone 
controller 20 as a compensated bass and treble control voltages, 
respectively. Accordingly, the bass and treble bands of the stereo audio 
signal can be enhanced according to the compensated bass and treble 
control voltages in the tone controller 20, respectively. 
In case where the audio signal is of a TV multiplex sound, the quality of 
the multiplex sound can be improved by removing the noise components 
carried by the high frequency. Therefore, it is desirable to reduce the 
treble band of the multiplex sound signal to a level lower than that of a 
normal audio signal. 
Accordingly, when the multiplex sound signal is detected, the switching 
controller 30 produces a high level switching voltage and provides it to 
the voltage down circuit 123 through its output port 04 to cause the 
transistor Q8 to activate. When the transistor 08 is activated, a part Of 
the treble control voltage from the second low pass filter 22 is 
distributed by the voltage dividing resistor R25. Therefore, the treble 
control voltage is reduced by the amount of the distributed voltage by the 
resistor R25 and then the reduced treble control voltage is applied to the 
input port TRBL of the tone controller 20 so that the treble frequency 
band of the multiplex sound signal can be appropriately adjusted with the 
reduced treble control voltage in the tone controller 20. As a result, the 
tone control of various types of audio signals can be automatically 
achieved depending on their characteristics. 
While the present invention has been shown and described with reference to 
the particular embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the 
art that many changes and modifications may be made without departing from 
the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.