Formwork for performing horizontal castings for the provision of floors

A formwork for performing horizontal castings for the provision of floors, of the type comprising a series of props, and supporting heads to be arranged on the props for the resting of panels designed to form a surface for a concrete casting, each panel comprising at least two longitudinal profiles, for resting on the supporting heads;

The present invention relates to a formwork for performing horizontal castings for the provision of floors.

Formwork of the type comprising a series of props and supporting heads to be arranged on said props for the resting of panels designed to form a surface for a concrete casting are currently known and widespread for the provision of floors.

Each panel comprises at least two longitudinal profiles, for resting on the supporting heads, mutually connected by transverse elements.

The supporting heads and the longitudinal profiles of the panels are shaped so as to allow to hang a panel between two supporting heads, in an intermediate configuration for assembly or disassembly, i.e., before the panel is lifted in the horizontal configuration for use, or during removal of the panel.

Although these formwork systems are widespread and appreciated, they have drawbacks.

A first drawback is linked to the fact that the parts designed for hanging a panel between two supporting heads, while ensuring properly the coupling of a longitudinal profile to said supporting heads and the engaged retention of the panel, if the panel is pushed upward improperly while it is in the hanging configuration the longitudinal profile may disengage from the supporting heads with consequent dangers for the nearby operators and for the nearby formwork.

Moreover, the longitudinal profiles of the panel, to be used as described above, must be processed with operations for drilling and removing material in order to form passages for corresponding engagement portions formed on the supporting heads; at the same time, said supporting heads have a complex shape, with appropriately shaped engagement elements.

The aim of the present invention is to provide a formwork that is capable of obviating the limitations of formwork systems of the known type.

Within this aim, an object of the invention is to provide a formwork for performing horizontal castings for the provision of floors that allows the assembly of the formwork panels more safely, particularly as regards hanging with engagement of the formwork panel to the supporting heads, both during the steps for preparation for actual assembly and in the steps for final assembly and finally in the step for disassembly after use.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a formwork that is particular resistant to the loads applied thereto.

A further object of the present invention is to provide a formwork for floors that is provided with the safety system required by the standards in the field.

Another object of the invention is to provide a formwork that is simple and straightforward to use by workers.

Another object of the invention is to provide a formwork that is constructively simpler to provide, by means of production processes which are simple, quick and economically less expensive than similar formwork structures of a known type.

This aim, as well as these and other objects which will become better apparent hereinafter are achieved by a formwork for performing horizontal castings for the provision of floors, of the type comprising a series of props, and supporting heads, to be arranged on said props, for the resting of panels designed to form a plane for a concrete casting, each panel comprising at least two longitudinal profiles, for resting on said supporting heads, mutually connected by transverse elements, said formwork being characterized in thateach one of said longitudinal profiles comprises a central body, a first longitudinal part, for fixing for said transverse elements, and an opposite second longitudinal part, for the resting of the longitudinal profile on a supporting head,each one of said supporting heads comprises a plate-like base from which there extends, on each of two opposite sides, at least one lateral shoulder for the resting of said central body of a said longitudinal profile in an intermediate configuration for assembly or disassembly, and a central protrusion, which is extended on the same side as said lateral shoulders, with cantilever lateral flaps, which are extended on the same side as a corresponding lateral shoulder, designed to form a tipping preventing abutment for said second longitudinal part of a said longitudinal profile in said intermediate configuration for assembly or disassembly.

With reference to the figures, a formwork for performing horizontal castings for the provision of floors, according to the invention, is generally designated by the reference numeral10.

The formwork10comprises a series of props, of which, for example, three props are designated inFIG. 1by the numerals11,12and13, and supporting heads, for example14,15,16, to be arranged on the props11,12,13for the resting of panels, one of which is exemplified inFIG. 1and is designated therein by17, designed to form a surface for a concrete casting.

Each panel17comprises at least two lateral longitudinal profiles18and19for resting on the supporting heads14,15,16.

The lateral longitudinal profiles18and19are mutually connected by transverse elements20.

The formwork10according to the invention is characterized by the following particularities.

Each one of the longitudinal profiles18and19comprises, as clearly visible inFIG. 2for a first longitudinal profile18:a central body21,a first longitudinal part22, for fixing the transverse elements20,and an opposite second longitudinal part23, for the resting of the longitudinal profile18and19on a supporting head14,15and16.

Each one of the supporting heads14,15,16comprises:a plate-like base24from which plate-like base24there extends, on each of two opposite sides25and26, a lateral shoulder,27and28respectively, for the resting of the central body21of a longitudinal profile18and19in an intermediate configuration for assembly or disassembly, as inFIGS. 8 and 9,and a central protrusion29, which is extended on the same side as the lateral shoulders27and28, with cantilever lateral flaps30and31, extended on the same side as a corresponding lateral shoulder27and28, designed to form a tipping preventing abutment for the second longitudinal part23of a longitudinal profile18and19.

The plate-like base24is quadrangular, and is provided with means for fixing to a corresponding end plate32of a prop, for example11.

Said fixing means, in a first constructive variation shown inFIGS. 3, 4 and 5, are constituted by two opposite clamp devices33and34, arranged on the two sides of the plate-like base24that are free from the shoulders27and28.

The clamp devices33and34are each constituted by a tab35of the plate-like base24and by an opposite grip plate36, each of which forms a jaw of the clamp device, there being a screw37and a corresponding bolt or wing nut38for the fastening of the tab35and the plate36on a corresponding edge of the end plate32of a prop11.

Below the tabs35there are corresponding centering shims39designed to facilitate the correct positioning of the supporting head14on the plate32.

The fixing means, in a second constructive variation shown inFIGS. 6 and 7, are constituted by two opposite wedge-like devices133and134, arranged on the two sides of the plate-like base24that are free from the shoulders27and28.

The wedge-like devices133and134are each constituted by a tab135of the plate-like base24and by an opposite wedge-like plate136, which is pivoted to a screw137that passes through the tab135and is retained thereon by means of a bolt or nut138.

The wedge-like plate136has a plate-like body provided with a hole for pivoting to the stem of the screw137, which has an arc-like perimetric profile edge, which increases in thickness from a first end140to the opposite second end141of said arc-like edge.

The wedge-like plate136can rotate about the stem of the screw137, by means of a maneuvering tab142, between an engagement configuration exemplified inFIG. 7, with a plate arranged below the head32of a prop11, and a disengagement configuration, with the plate136rotated so as to not affect the head32.

The lateral shoulders27and28are each constituted by a lower part45, which extends from the plate-like base24over the entire length of the corresponding side25and26, and by two resting wings46and47, which are bent outwards in the configuration for use of the supporting head14, and spaced in the direction of extension of the same corresponding side25and26.

In the present example of embodiment, the lower part45is extended at right angles to the plate-like base24.

In the present example of embodiment, the resting wings46and47are extended along a plane that is parallel to the plate-like base24.

An auxiliary protrusion50is provided between two laterally adjacent resting wings46and47, and extends from the same lower part45toward the central protrusion29, designed to make contact with the lower part23of a longitudinal profile18and19in order to guide its rotation.

The auxiliary protrusion50is constituted by a wing that extends from the lower part45of the shoulder27and28, which is bent toward the central protrusion29, at a lower height with respect to the resting wings46and47.

The longitudinal profile18as well as19is constituted, in the present example of embodiment, by a single metallic drawn member, in which the central body21is plate-shaped, the first part22is tubular with a triangular cross-section, and the second part23widens on one side into a ridge, which is obviously longitudinal and the lower surface53of which is designed for resting on the plate-like base24, while its upper surface54is designed to meet the auxiliary protrusion50in the assembly and disassembly steps, as visible fromFIGS. 10, 11 and 12, which in the described sequence represent three distinct steps of the mounting of a profile18on a supporting head14.

The central protrusion29is constituted, in the embodiment of the invention described herein, which is a nonlimiting example of the invention, by a U-shaped bracket56, which is fixed to the plate-like base24, and by an upper plate57, the lateral portions of which constitute the cantilever lateral flaps30and31.

The supporting heads14also have vertical partitions60adapted to prevent the translation of the longitudinal profiles18and19in the direction of their longitudinal extension.

In a constructive variation of the invention, clearly visible inFIGS. 13 and 14and designated therein by the reference numeral214, the supporting head214comprises:a plate-like base224from which plate-like base224there extends, on each of two opposite sides225and226, a lateral shoulder, respectively227and228, for the resting of the central body21of a longitudinal profile18and19in an intermediate configuration for assembly or disassembly,and a central protrusion229, which is extended on the same side as the lateral shoulders227and228, with cantilever lateral flaps230and231, extended on the same side as a corresponding lateral shoulder227and228, designed to form a tipping preventing abutment for the second longitudinal part23of the longitudinal profile18and19.

Inside each one of the lateral shoulders227and228there is a cylindrical body, respectively270and271, arranged with an axis which is parallel to the arrangement of the plate-like base224, designed to facilitate the rotary motion of a longitudinal profile18and19of a panel17, both during assembly and during disassembly of the longitudinal profile from a similar supporting head224.

In particular, the cylindrical body270and271is constituted by a cylindrical bar that is extended over the entire length of the corresponding lateral shoulder227and228, for example fixed by welding.

In this constructive variation, the supporting head214has, for each lateral shoulder227and228, a translation-preventing central tab260, adapted to prevent the translation of the longitudinal profiles18and19in the direction of their longitudinal extension.

Each one of the translation-preventing central tabs260extends from the corresponding shoulder227and228up to the vicinity of a nearby cantilever flap230and231of the central protrusion229; in this position, each translation-preventing tab260is adapted to affect and prevent any translational motions of a longitudinal profile18and19engaged with the supporting head214.

In this constructive variation of the supporting head214, at the ends of the central protrusion229there are two angular resting elements280, which act as stop elements for the panels17when the assembly step is complete: once assembly has ended, the last panel of a series of panels that are laterally adjacent at right angles to the longitudinal profiles18and19, tends not to constitute a fixed system with a corresponding last prop, which tends to tilt, with a consequent risk of uncoupling between the supporting head and the longitudinal profile that is engaged therewith, since there is no further subsequent panel that cooperates to keep the prop in the correctly vertical configuration.

The angular resting elements280act so as to prevent the unwanted tilting of the supporting head214, and therefore of the prop that supports it, with respect to the longitudinal profile18or19that is engaged therewith, and therefore with respect to a panel17.

In practice it has been found that the invention achieves the intended aim and objects.

The cantilever lateral flaps30and31in fact prevent the unwanted disengagement of the longitudinal profile18and19of a panel17from a supporting head14, both in the assembly configuration and in the disassembly configuration.

In particular, the resting wings46and47cooperate to keep the central body21of a longitudinal profile18and19substantially horizontal in the intermediate configuration for assembly or disassembly shown inFIG. 9, with the central body21resting on the resting wings46and47and the second part23rested on a lateral tipping preventing flap30, so as to prevent the weight of the transverse elements20from causing the downward rotation and the disengagement of the panel17.

Therefore, the invention provides a formwork for performing horizontal castings for the provision of floors that allows to assemble the formwork panels more safely, in particular as regards hanging with engagement of the formwork panel to the supporting heads, both during steps for preparing for actual assembly and in the steps of final assembly and finally in the step of disassembly after use.

By means of the invention, a formwork has been provided which is particularly resistant to the loads applied thereto and has a performance that is not lower than that of known formwork.

Moreover, by means of the invention a formwork for floors has been devised which is provided with the safety systems required by standards in the field.

Furthermore, by means of the invention a formwork has been provided which is simple and straightforward to use for workers.

Moreover, by means of the invention a formwork has been provided which is constructively simpler to provide, by virtue of production processes that are simple, fast and economically less expensive than similar formwork of the known type.

The invention thus conceived is susceptible of numerous modifications and variations, all of which are within the scope of the appended claims; all the details may furthermore be replaced with other technically equivalent elements.

In practice, the components and the materials used, so long as they are compatible with the specific use, as well as the contingent shapes and dimensions, may be any according to requirements and to the state of the art.

The disclosures in Italian Patent Application No. 102016000030716 (UA2016A001964) from which this application claims priority are incorporated herein by reference.