Face inserts for golf club heads

A golf club head including a striking face comprising a recessed area in the striking face and an insert secured in the recessed area. The insert has at least one cavity therein with the cavity terminating short of the outer striking face.

This invention relates generally to golf club heads and more specifically 
to golf club heads which have inserts in the striking face. 
Golf clubs are designated primarily in separate categories of woods, irons, 
and putters. The majority of golf club woods at the present time are made 
of some metal or composition, while most irons are made of varying types 
of metal. Woods can be constructed of solid metal or can be constructed so 
as to have recesses in which a face or insert is placed in the striking 
surface. While most irons are made of metal, some also have recesses for 
accepting inserts in the striking face. 
It is recognized that advantages are provided by redistributing the weight 
of golf clubs in both woods and irons so that an increase in the weight 
around the perimeter of the head enhances the moment of inertia, which 
increases head stability, which in turn lessens head rotation that imparts 
side spin on the ball. This creates either a hook or slice (which is the 
same as a gear effect) through impact on off-center hits. 
The present invention discloses various modifications of inserts which are 
designed to provide this highly desirable weight distribution. 
Further, the present invention discloses various modifications of inserts 
so configured that part of the weight of the insert used can be 
redistributed to the perimeter of the head so as to increase the moment of 
the head. 
These and other objects will become apparent from the following description 
taken together with the drawings. 
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
The present invention provides golf club heads, both woods and irons, with 
recessed areas in the striking faces of the club heads and an insert 
secured within the recessed areas. The insert has at least one cavity 
therein, with the cavity terminating short of the outer striking face. The 
insert can be made from a cast, formed or extruded material and may be of 
one-piece or laminated construction.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS 
FIG. 1 shows metal wood 1 1 having crown 13, hosel 15, and sole 23, with 
face support structure 19 having recess 17 therein. In this particular 
configuration, the recess includes a lip surrounding the interior of the 
recess. Insert 21 is configured so as to fit within the recess and be 
secured therein adjacent the lip. This is commonly referred to as an 
unsupported insert since the club head does not have a complete surface 
backing adjacent the major portion of the insert. 
FIG. 2 shows iron 30 having sole 31, cavity 33, and recess 35. Again, this 
recess has a lip against which insert 37 is placed and secured thereto. 
This also provides an iron with an unsupported face insert. 
All of the inserts discussed below are specifically designed so as to 
increase the strength of the insert while reducing the weight of the golf 
club face hitting area, thereby creating a higher club head inertia, a 
more efficient striking surface, and a larger sweet spot. Additionally, 
the reduced weight of the club face can be added to the perimeter of the 
club head to provide favorable weight distribution. It is to be understood 
that the material used in the inserts could be any metal or composite that 
would be formed extruded, cast, or forged to provide the favorable weight 
distribution of the golf club head as discussed above. 
It is also to be noted that while individual examples will be discussed, 
the invention relates to an insert specifically designed with various 
geometric cavities to form a solid or bonded insert which would 
significantly increase strength while reducing the weight of the golf club 
face hitting area. 
Further, the inserts are designed with differing geometric configurations 
to produce a strong face wall to resist collapsing while reducing overall 
insert weight by a significant amount. This increases overall club head 
peripheral weight, thereby increasing the club head's overall performance. 
While some of the inserts discussed below are of a laminate structure, such 
structure is not specifically shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 for purposes of 
clarity. 
Referring to FIG. 3, insert 39 is cast, formed, or forged of metal having 
front face 40, rear face 41, and a peripheral undercut section 42 which 
fits within the recess of club head 11 of FIG. 1. It is to be understood 
that all of the inserts discussed below could include such an undercut 
section if desired. 
In order to reduce the weight of the insert of FIG. 3 for the purposes 
discussed above, a plurality of cavities 43 extend inwardly from rear 
surface 41 and terminate short of striking face 40. 
Referring to FIG. 4, there is shown a cast, formed, or forged insert 45 
wherein the weight reduction is provided by a plurality of longitudinal 
cavities 47 extending across the insert. 
FIG. 5 discloses insert 49. Insert 49 is extruded so as to include cavities 
51 extending vertically from the top to the bottom within the insert. 
FIG. 6 shows a further embodiment wherein insert 53 includes substantially 
horizontal cavities 55,56 which extend within the insert. 
FIG. 7 is a schematic illustration of the principle of the present 
invention. The insert of the present invention is similar to beam or 
bridge theory. During impact, force F causes face 67 to flex rearwardly as 
it exerts force on the ball in the forward direction opposite force F. 
This insert acts as a beam or a bridge. For a regular insert of one 
material and thickness, when the face flexes rearwardly its outer surface 
is in compression and also withstands the highest stress levels. These 
forces are shown in section 71. Rearward surface 69 is in tension equal to 
and opposite the face compression, with tension being illustrated in 
section 72 of the illustration of FIG. 7. 
All the sections between the outer surfaces are in varying degrees of 
tension and compression in relation to the axis X of the moment of inertia 
shown in the cross section. At axis X, the stress is 0. 
With the design of the present insert, since the center axis X sees 
relatively low bending stresses, as much weight as possible is removed 
from that center section without degrading the structure to the point 
where failure will occur. In an ideal design situation, construction of 
the insert would match the maximum stress for the material with its 
relation to the axis of the moment of inertia of the insert. As set forth 
above, this permits the positioning of the removed weight of the insert 
about the periphery of the club head. 
In FIG. 8, insert 71 includes front face 73 and rear face 75, both of which 
may be of a metal such as titanium, steel, or aluminum. Center laminate 77 
may be of graphite, aluminum, or plastic, with the weight further being 
reduced by having cavities 79 therein. 
In FIG. 9, insert 91 includes front face 93 of metal with longitudinal 
cavities 94 on the inside surface of face 93 for reducing the weight of 
that layer. Rear face 95 is preferably made of metal and has cavities in 
the form of circular holes 96 therein to reduce the weight of that layer. 
Center layer 97 is a material which is preferably lightweight. However, 
heavier material such as metal may be used with the weight reduction being 
provided by cavities 99. 
In FIG. 10, insert 101 includes front striking face 103 comprised of a 
metal material having cavities 104 in rear side. Rear face 105 is also of 
a metal material and has cavities 106 of substantially circular holes. 
Central layer 107 is of a material which is lightweight again, further 
reduction of weight may be provided by cavities 109. 
In FIG. 11, insert 111 includes front face I 13 and rear face 115, both of 
which are a metal such as titanium, steel, or aluminum. Center laminate 
117 may be made of a lightweight metal which is further reduced in weight 
by creating cavities 119 and 120 on either side thereof In this 
embodiment, cavities 119 and 120 take the form of dimples on either side 
of laminate 117. 
FIG. 12 is similar to FIG. 11 in that insert 121 includes front face 123 
and rear face 125. Cavities 129 in center laminate 127 take the form of 
horizontal channels 129 on either side of the laminate. 
FIG. 13 shows metal wood 140 having crown 141, sole 143, and recess 149 in 
the face, with the recess terminating in thin plate member 145 at the 
interior of the club head. Plate member 145 preferably has a thickness 
between 0.030 inches and 0.120 inches. Insert 147 is secured within the 
recess and abuts against plate 145. 
FIG. 14 shows iron 150 having sole 153, upper ridge 151, and cavity 155, 
with recess 156 being backed by thin plate 157. Plate 157 is of a 
thickness between 0.030 inches and 0.120 inches. In this type of iron, 
insert 159 is secured within the recess and abuts against plate 157. 
It is to be understood that the above specific configurations are 
illustrative only since various geometric shapes and cavities could be 
used to obtain the desired weight reduction of the present invention. 
Accordingly, the invention is to be limited only by the scope of the 
following claims.