Method and apparatus for changing laser beam power of an optical storage device for various types of compact disks

A layer beam controller for an optical storage apparatus includes a laser beam generator, a laser beam power varier for varying the laser beam power to first, second, and third power levels, a memory for storing predetermined reference values including first reference values corresponding to the first power level and second reference values corresponding to the second power level, a light amount detector for detecting a light amount of the laser beam, a laser beam power corrector for correcting the laser beam power at the respective power level by comparing the light amount and a corresponding one of the predetermined reference values selected by a type of the compact disk in operation in the optical storage apparatus. The laser beam controller further includes a power level assigner for assigning the first, second and third power levels based on the type of disk.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
1. Field of the Invention 
The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for controlling the 
laser of an optical storage apparatus, and more particularly to a method 
and apparatus for changing a power level of a laser beam in an optical 
storage apparatus for various types of optical media including a CD-ROM 
(compact disk read only memory), a CD-R (compact disk recordable), a CD-RW 
(compact disk re-writable), and so forth. 
2. Description of the Background 
Reading and writing techniques for a so-called compact disk (CD) used as an 
optical mass-storage medium for a computer and the like have been greatly 
improved in recent years. The a result, three types of the compact disks 
(CDs), the CD-ROM (compact disk read only memory), the CD-R (compact disk 
recordable), and the CD-RW (compact disk rewritable), have been developed 
so far. The CD-ROM is a read only memory type compact disk. The CD-R is a 
one-time data recordable type compact disk that allows a one-time data 
writing operation by a user and multiple data reading operations. The 
CD-RW is a re-writable type compact disk that allows multiple data 
writing, data reading, and data erasing operations. 
A light source is required for the above-mentioned operations. Such as a 
laser diode, for example, which is relatively compact in size and produces 
an intense laser beam. The last developed CD-RW uses also the diode laser. 
However, a technique required to control the power of the laser beam for 
the CD-RW in different from one for the CD-R. As a result, two different 
laser beam power controllers may coexist; a first controller for the CD-R 
that is capable of performing one-time data writing and data reading 
operations and a second controller for the CD-RW that is capable of 
performing multiple data writing, reading, and erasing operations. 
The CD-R allows one-time data writing and reading operations as mentioned 
above, but it does not allow a data erasing operation. The data writing 
and reading operations to the CD-R are performed using the above-mentioned 
first controller that generates a laser beam that is set at different 
powers for writing or reading the CD-R. The reading power is generated and 
supplied continuously when the data of the CD-R is read. However, for the 
one-time writing operation, the first controller is arranged to supply a 
laser beam that has a two-level power. Specifically, the power is set at a 
slightly greater level than the writing power in an initial period and the 
writing power, which is an appropriate level for writing data, in a 
successive period. Therefore, the laser beam power for the CD-R must be 
capable of being changed to three levels, the reading power, the writing 
power, and the initial power for the writing in the order of increasing 
power. 
The operations of writing, reading, and erasing data of the CD-RW are 
carried out using the above-mentioned second controller that generates a 
laser beam changeable in three laser power levels to be used for data 
writing, reading, and erasing, respectively. The reading power is 
continuously generated and supplied when data of the CD-RW is read, and 
the erasing power is continuously generated and supplied when data of the 
CD-RW is erased. However, the data writing operation to the CD-RW requires 
a different technique. 
More specifically, for the data writing operation to the CD-RW, the second 
controller supplies a laser beam that is set at the erasing power level 
continuously during a process of writing an area to be written as a blank 
area, which means no data. And, during a process of writing an area to be 
written as a pit area, which means an existence of data, the second 
controller normally supplies the laser beam that is set at the writing 
power level. To form the pit area in a better way on the CD-RW, the second 
controller is arranged to supply the laser beam that has a varying power 
in a form of multiple pulses, each pulse having a value of the writing 
power as a top peak value and a value of the reading power as a bottom 
peak value. Therefore, the CD-RW data writing operation also requires 
three power levels, the reading power, the erasing power, and the writing 
power in the order of increasing power. 
It may be advantageous if the above-described second controller that 
produces a laser beam variable in three power levels can combine the 
controls of handling various different types of the optical disks such as 
the CD-R, the CD-RW, and so forth. However, in this case, a problem will 
occur on the CD-R during the one-time data writing operation. The problem 
is that an entire portion of the CD-R will wrongly be written as a pit 
when the erasing power for the CD-RW is equal to or greater than the 
one-time writing power for the CD-R. This is because, when the erasing 
power for the CD-RW is equal to or greater than the one-time writing power 
for the CD-R, the erasing power for the blank area becomes a writing power 
and the area to be kept as a blank will be written as data. 
As a result, no blank area is made and, thus, the entire portion of the 
CD-R is wrongly written as a pit. Due to the fact that the erasing power 
for the CD-RW, which is the second strong power for the CD-RW data writing 
operation, is necessarily used an the writing power for the CD-R, which is 
the second strong power for the CD-R data writing operation, the 
above-described problem is unavoidable. 
Because of the above-described problem, the controllers for the CD-R and 
the CD-RW are not possible to be combined together. Therefore, presently, 
there is no controller that is capable of handling various types of the 
optical media such as the CD-R and the CD-RW, for example. 
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a novel laser 
beam controller that is capable of handling various types of optical media 
such as the CD-ROM, the CD-R, and the CD-RW, for example. 
To achieve the above-mentioned object, the laser beam controller for an 
optical storage apparatus includes a laser beam generator, a laser beam 
power varier for varying the laser beam power to first, second, and third 
power levels, a memory for storing predetermined reference values 
including first reference values corresponding to the first power level 
and second reference values corresponding to the second power level, a 
light amount detector for detecting a light amount of the laser beam, a 
laser beam power corrector for correcting the laser beam power at the 
respective power level by comparing the light amount and a corresponding 
one of the predetermined reference values selected by a type of the 
compact disk in operation in the optical storage apparatus. The 
above-mentioned laser beam controller further includes a power level 
assigner for assigning the first power level to be used as a data reading 
power during the data reading mode when one of the CD-ROM, the CD-R, and 
the CD-RW types of compact disk is used, for assigning the first power 
level to be used as a base power, the third power level to be used as an 
initial power, and the second power level to be used as a data writing 
power during the data writing mode when the CD-R type compact disk is 
used, for assigning the first power level to be used as a bottom peak 
power in a data writing pulse, the second power level to be used as a base 
power, and the third power level to be used as a top peak power in the 
data writing pulse during the data writing mode when the CD-RW type 
compact disk in used, and for assigning the second power level to be used 
an erasing power during the date erasing mode when the CD-RW compact disk 
is used. 
Other objects, features, and advantages of the present invention will 
become apparent from the following detailed description when read in 
conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS 
In describing preferred embodiments of the present invention illustrated in 
the drawings, specific terminology is employed for the make of clarity. 
However, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the 
specific terminology so selected and it is to be understood that each 
specific element includes all technical equivalents which operate in a 
similar manner. 
Referring now to the drawings, wherein like reference numerals designate 
identical or corresponding parts throughout the several views, and more 
particularly to FIG. 1 thereof, there is illustrated a block diagram of a 
novel laser beam controller 100 of the present invention. 
The laser beam controller 100 shown in FIG. 1 includes a laser diode (LD) 
1, a photoreceptor 2, a current-to-voltage converting amplifier 3, an LD 
driver control circuit 4, an LD driver 5, a D/A (digital-to-analog) 
converter 6, and a central processing unit (CPU) 7. 
In the laser beam controller 100, the LD 1 generates a laser beam which can 
be set at three power levels. The three power levels of the laser beam 
from the LD 1 are referred to as a RP (reading power), P1 (power 1), and 
P2 (power 2), respectively. The photoreceptor 2 senses the laser beam 
generated by the LD 1. When the photoreceptor 2 detects the laser beam 
generated by the LD 1, an electric current flows through the photoreceptor 
2. The amplifier 3 connected to the photoreceptor 2 converts the current 
to a voltage and sends an output signal referred to as a PDS 
(photoreceptor detect signal) to the LD driver control circuit 4. The LD 
driver control circuit 4 generates an output signal referred to as a RCC 
(reading current control) and mends the RCC to the LD driver 5 so as to 
set the power of the laser beam to the RP. The control of the laser beam 
power by the RCC is made through the mediation of the D/A converter 6 and 
the CPU 7. 
In this embodiment, a unit length of a pit to be written on the media, such 
as the CD-R, CD-RW, and CD-ROM, for example, is set to the number of 
periods of the basic clock of, for example, approximately 4.5-MHz; the pit 
length varies in a range from three clock periods (referred to as a 3T), 
for example, to 11 clock periods (referred to as an 11T), for example. 
The LD driver control circuit 4 receives power level sampling signal, 
referred to as SAMRP (sampling reading power) and SAMP1 (sampling power 
1), respectively, from an encoder (not shown). The LD driver 5 receives 
first and second write modulation signals that are referred to as an WMS1 
(write-modulation signal 1) and an WMS2 (write-modulation signal 2), also 
from the encoder (not shown). These WMS1 and WMS2 are made based on a 
basic write-modulation signal WMS which is not shown. The D/A converter 6 
sends signals that are a DARCC (digital-to-analog reading current 
control), a REFRP (reference reading power), and a REFP1 (reference power 
1) to the LD driver control circuit 4. Also, the D/A converter 6 sends 
signals that are a CP1 (current power 1) and CP2 (current power 2) to the 
LD driver 5. 
The above-mentioned various signals are summarized as follows: 
the WMS1 switches the power level of the layer beam to the P1; 
the WMS2 switches the power level of the laser beam to the P2; 
the SAMRP samples the RP; 
the SAMP1 samples the P1; 
the RCC is a current signal for driving the LD 1 to generate the RP; 
the DARCC is a current signal for driving the LD 1 to generate the RP 
during a data writing operation to a CD-RW; 
the REFRP in a reference signal for the RP; 
the REFP1 is a reference signal for the P1; 
the CP1 drives the P1; and 
the CP2 drives the P2. 
The laser beam controller 100 has the configuration as described above. 
Next, power levels of the laser beam are explained with reference to FIGS. 
2 and 3. FIG. 2 shows a waveform of the laser beam during the one-time 
data writing operation to the CD-R. This waveform is similar to a typical 
waveform of the laser beam formed during the one-time data writing 
operation to the CD-R using a conventional compact disk driving apparatus. 
As shown in FIG. 2, the LD 1 changes the laser power of the laser beam from 
a base level, the RP (indicated by letters A), to an initial high level, 
the P2 (indicated by a letter C), and maintains the P2 for a relatively 
short time period. Then, the LD 1 again changes the laser power to, a 
constant data writing level, the P1 (indicated by a letter B), that in the 
necessary laser power for writing the CD-R, maintains the P1 for the 
successive time period, and again changes the laser power from the P1 to 
the base level RP. In this way, the RP, the P1, and the P2 are used as 
base, data writing, and initial powers, respectively, during the one-time 
data writing operation to the CD-R. In addition, the reading power RP is 
constantly used during the data reading operation to be performed to the 
CD-R. 
FIG. 3 shows a waveform of the laser beam generated by the LD 1 of the 
laser beam controller 100 during the data writing operation to the CD-RW. 
An shown in FIG. 3, the LD 1 generates the laser beam with the power level 
P1 (indicated by letters B) for a blank area during the data writing 
operation. Then, the LD 1 changes the laser beam power level so as to form 
a multiple-pulse as shown in FIG. 3. The power strength of the 
multiple-pulse is determined by a top peak level with a value of the P2 
(indicated by letters C) and a bottom peak level with a value of the RP 
(indicated by letters A). In this case, the RP, the P1, and the P2 are 
used as bottom data writing, erasing, and top data writing powers, 
respectively, during the data writing operation to the CD-RW. In addition, 
the RP is constantly used during the data reading operation to be 
performed on the CD-RW. Further, in addition, the P1 is constantly used 
during the data erasing operation to be performed on the CD-RW. 
Next, a circuit configuration of the LD driver control circuit 4 of the 
laser beam controller 100 is explained with reference to FIG. 4. The LD 
driver control circuit 4 includes a variable gain amplifier 11, a first 
signal amplifier 12, a second signal amplifier 13, a first switch 14, and 
a first sample-and-hold amplifier 15, a first voltage level converter 16, 
a second switch 17, a third switch 18, and a signal control amplifier 19, 
a fourth switch 20, a first capacitor 21, a second capacitor 22, a first 
register 23, a fifth switch 24, and a sixth switch 25, a first comparator 
26, and a third signal amplifier 27. 
The LD driver control circuit 4 further includes a seventh switch 28, a 
second sample-and-hole amplifier 29, a second voltage level converter 30, 
and a second comparator 31. 
The output terminal of the variable gain amplifier 11 is connected to the 
first sample-and-hold amplifier 15 through the first signal amplifier 12, 
the second signal amplifier 13, and the first switch 14 which are 
connected in series in this order. The output terminal is the first 
sample-and-hold amplifier 15 is connected to the negative input terminal 
of the signal control amplifier 19 through the first voltage level 
converter 16, second switch 17, and the third switch 18 which are 
connected in series in this order. The negative input terminal and the 
output terminal of the signal control amplifier 19 are connected with each 
other through the fifth switch 20 and the first capacitor 21 which are 
connected in series, and also through the second capacitor 22 and the 
register 23 which are connected in parallel. 
Also, the output terminal of the variable gain amplifier 11 is connected to 
the seventh switch 28, the second sample-and-hold amplifier 29, the second 
voltage level converter 30, and the second comparator 31 in series in this 
order. 
How the laser beam controller 100 controls the laser beam power level 
during data reading operations to be performed on the CD-R, the CD-RW, the 
CD-ROM, and the like is explained next. The PDS, the output signal from 
the current-to-voltage converting amplifier 3, in amplified by the 
variable gain amplifier 11 of the LD driver control circuit 4. The gain of 
the variable gain amplifier 11 can be varied by an instruction from the 
CPU 7, so that an amount of light emitted from the LD 1 is adjusted to a 
level of 30 mV at 0.6 mW, for example. 
Then, the PDS is amplified through the first and second amplifiers 12 and 
13, and inputted to the voltage level converter 6 through the first 
sample-and-hold amplifier 15. The first sample-and-hold amplifier 15 is 
set to a sample operation made by the first switch 14 which is switched by 
the SAMRP sent from the encoder (not shown) during the reading operation. 
The voltage level converter 16 has an input of a reference voltage that is 
set to the ground level, and is set at a necessary gain level. An output 
from the voltage level converter 16 is inputted to the signal control 
amplifier 19. The second, third, fourth, fifth, and sixth switches 17, 18, 
20, 24, and 25 disposed around the signal control amplifier 19 are set to 
the following respective conditions: 
the second switch 17 is set to connect the voltage level converter 16 to 
the signal control amplifier 19; 
the third switch 18 is set to an on-condition; 
the fourth switch 20 is set to connect the first capacitor 21 to the REFRP; 
the fifth switch 24 is set to connect the signal control amplifier 19 to 
the RCC; and 
the sixth switch 25 is set to connect the signal control amplifier 19 to 
the REFRP. 
Setting the switches 17, 18, 20, 24, and 25, in this manner the signal 
control amplifier 19 to reduce its output when the output of the voltage 
level converter 16 is greater than the REFRP and to increase its output 
When the output of the voltage level converter 16 is lesser than the 
REFRP. Then, the RCC is varied in accordance with the variation of the 
output from the signal control amplifier 19, and is inputted to the LD 
driver 5. Then, the LD driver 5 supplies the current, which is varied in 
accordance with the variation of the RCC, to the LD 1. As a result, the LD 
1 is supplied with a varying current by the LD driver 5 so as to emit a 
constant light amount of the laser beam during the operation of reading 
the CD-R, CD-RW, CD-ROM, and so forth. In this way, the laser beam is 
constantly generated at the reading power RP during the data reading 
operation. 
To change the reading power of the laser beam for the different media, such 
as the CD-R, CD-RW, or CD-ROM, for example, the CPU 7 instructs the D/A 
converter 6 to change the value of the REFRP. 
Next, how the laser beam controller 100 controls the laser beam power level 
during the one-time data writing operation to be performed on the CD-R is 
explained with reference to FIGS. 1 and 5. A waveform pattern of the laser 
beam power during the one-time data writing operation to the CD-R may be 
referred to FIG. 2. A timing chart of the writing operation of the CD-R is 
shown in FIG. 5. As described above, the WMS1 and WMS2 are generated on 
the basis of the write modulation signal (WMS), and switch the beam powers 
P1 and P2. The WMS determines alternate time periods of pits and blanks, 
an shown in FIG. 5. The RP, P1, and P2 are switched by the WMS1 and WMS2, 
as shown in FIG. 5. 
A WGATE (write gate) is necessarily turned to a high state to start the 
data writing operation. The first sample-and-hold amplifier 13 is normally 
set to a holding mode by the first switch 14 when the WGATE is in the high 
state. Only when a blank is greater than 11T, meaning that the WMS falls 
for a period of 11T or more, the SAMRP is outputted from the encoder (not 
shown), so as to activate the first switch 14 to switch the 
sample-and-hold amplifier 15 to the sampling mode. Thus, the reading power 
RP is sampled. 
The sampled RP is inputted to the signal control amplifier 19 via the 
voltage level converter 16 and the second and third switches 17 and 18. 
The second, third, fourth, fifth, and sixth switches 17, 18, 20, 24, and 
25 disposed around the signal control amplifier 19 are set to the 
following respective conditions: 
the second switch 17 is set to to connect the voltage level converter 16 to 
the signal control amplifier 19; 
the third switch 18 is set to an on-condition; 
the fourth switch 20 is set to connect the first capacitor 21 to the second 
capacitor 22; 
the fifth switch 24 is set to connect the signal control amplifier 19 to 
the RCC; and 
the sixth switch 25 is set to connect the signal control amplifier 19 to 
the REFRP. 
By the thus-arranged setting of the switches 17, 18, 20, 24, and 25, the 
signal control amplifier 19 is caused to compare the output from the 
voltage level converter 16 and the REFRP so as to determine the reading 
power RP. The RP then becomes the RCC and is inputted to the LD driver 
control circuit 4 so as to drive the LD 1 at the reading power RP. The 
first and second capacitor 22 and 23 connected in series by the fourth 
switch 20 protect the signal control amplifier 19 from turning into an 
unstable condition. In this way, the laser beam controller 100 controls 
the laser beam power level so as to set the base level of the waveform of 
the laser beam during the one-time data writing operation to the reading 
power RP. 
As describe above, the WGATE (write gate) is necessarily turned to the high 
state when the data writing operation is started. The second 
sample-and-hold amplifier 13 is normally set to a holding mode by the 
first switch 14 when the WGATE is set to the high state. Only when a pit 
is greater than a predetermined time value, 10T, for example, meaning that 
the WMS risen for a period of 11T or more, the SAMP1 is outputted from the 
encoder (not shown), so as to activate the seventh switch 28 to switch the 
sample-and-hold amplifier 29 to the sampling mode. The writing power P1 is 
thereby sampled and held by the second sample-and-hold amplifier 29 during 
the SAMP1. 
Then, the output of the second sample-and-hold amplifier 29 is inputted to 
the second voltage level converter 30 and converted to a signal referred 
to the ground level. Then, the output from the second voltage level 
converter 30 is inputted to the second comparator 31 and compared with the 
REFP1 supplied from the D/A converter 6. 
The output terminal of the second comparator 31 is arranged to be read by 
the CPU 7, and the signal COMP1 (comparator power 1) outputted from second 
comparator 31 is read by the CPU 7. Then, when determining by the COMP1 
that the value of the sampled P1 is greater than the value of the REFP1, 
the CPU 7 instructs the D/A converter 6 to decrease the value of the CP1 
so that the current for driving the LD 1 can be decreased. Thereby, the 
writing power P1 is decreased. 
When determining by the COMP1 that the value of the sampled P1 in smaller 
than the value of the REFP1, the CPU 7 instructs the D/A converter 6 to 
increase the value of the CP1 so that the current for driving the LD 1 can 
be increased. Thereby, the writing power P1 is increased. 
In addition, the laser beam controller 100 determines a value of the P2 in 
accordance with the value of the P1 with a predetermined proportion and 
sets the initial writing power level to value of the thus-determined P2. 
In this way, the laser beam controller 100 controls the laser beam power 
level during the one-time data writing operation to be performed on the 
CD-R so as to set the data writing power to the writing power P1. 
Next, how the laser beam controller 100 controls the laser beam power level 
during the many-time data writing operation to be performed on the CD-RW 
is explained with reference to FIGS. 2 and 6. For the data writing 
operation to the CD-RW, the value of the signal DARCC outputted from the 
D/A Converter 6 is adjusted by the CPU 7 before the data writing operation 
starts, in the following way. During the time of the previous data reading 
operation in which the reading power RP is constantly used, the signal 
DARCC inputted from the D/A converter 6 is compared with the output from 
the signal control amplifier 19 by the first comparator 26, and the 
resultant signal COMRCC is read by the CPU 7. The CPU 7 then determines 
the value of the DARCC based on the value of the resultant signal, so as 
to set the value of the signal DARCC equal to the value of the output 
signal from the signal control amplifier 19 which is the reading power RP. 
In the data writing operation including an overwriting operation, the 
signal waveform of the laser beam power is formed as shown in FIG. 2. The 
signal waveform of the laser beam power during the data writing operation 
includes the PR, the P1, and the P2. A timing chart of the operation of 
writing the CD-RW is shown in FIG. 6. An described above, the WMS1 and 
WMS2 are generated on the basis of the write modulation signal (WMS), and 
switch the beam powers P1 and P2. The WMS determines alternate time 
periods of pits and blanks, as shown in FIG. 6. The RP, P1, and P2 are 
switched by the WMS1 and WMS2, as shown in FIG. 6. 
When the WGATE (write gate) is necessarily turned to a high state during 
the data writing operation, the switches 17, 18, 20, 24, and 25 disposed 
around the signal control amplifier 19 are act in the following respective 
conditions: 
the second switch 17 is set to connect the third signal amplifier 27 to the 
signal control amplifier 19; 
the third switch 18 is set to an on-condition; 
the fourth switch 20 is set to connect the first capacitor 21 to the second 
capacitor 22; 
the fifth switch 24 is set to connect the signal DARCC to the RCC; and 
the sixth switch 25 is set to connect the signal control amplifier 19 to 
the REFRP. 
By the thus-arranged setting of the switches 17, 18, 20, 24, and 25, the 
signal DARCC is inputted to the LD driver control circuit 5 to drive the 
LD 1 so as to generate the laser beam power RP as the bottom data writing 
power during the many-time data writing operation. 
At the same time, the third signal amplifier 27 compares the output signal 
from the signal control amplifier 19 and the DARCC and sends an output 
signal to the signal control amplifier 19, so that the output signal of 
the signal control amplifier 19 is equal to the DARCC. Thereby, the output 
signal of the signal control amplifier 19 is made equal to the DARCC, so 
that the LD 1 can be correctly controlled without abnormally emitting the 
light especially when the data writing operation is ended and the signal 
control amplifier 19 again sends the RCC to the LD drive control circuit 5 
to drive the LD 1 so as to generate the laser beam at the reading power 
RP. 
When a blank is greater than a predetermined time value, 10T, for example, 
meaning that the WMS falls for a period of 11T or more, the SAMP1 is 
outputted from the encoder (not shown), so as to activate the seventh 
switch 28 to switch the sample-and-hold amplifier 29 to the sampling mode. 
The writing power P1 in thereby sampled and held by the second 
sample-and-hold amplifier 29 during the SAMP1. 
Then, the output of the second sample-and-hold amplifier 29 is inputted to 
the second voltage level converter 30 and converted to a signal referred 
to the ground level. Then, the output from the second voltage level 
converter 30 is inputted to the second comparator 31 and compared with the 
REFP1 supplied from the D/A converter 6. 
The output terminal of the second comparator 31 is arranged to be read by 
the CPU 7, and the signal COMP1 (comparator power 1) outputted from second 
comparator 31 in read by the CPU 7. Then, when determining by the COMP1 
that the value of the sampled P1 is greater than the value of the REFP1, 
the CPU 7 instructs the D/A converter 6 to decrease the value of the CP1 
so that the current for driving the LD 1 can be decreased. Thereby, the 
writing power P1 is decreased. 
When determining by the COMP1 that the value of the sampled P1 is smaller 
than the value of the REFP1, the CPU 7 instructs the D/A converter 6 to 
increase the value of the CP1 so that the current for driving the LD 1 can 
be increased. Thereby, the writing power P1 is increased. 
In addition, the laser beam controller 100 determines a value of the P2 in 
accordance with the value of the P1 with a predetermined proportion and 
sets the initial writing power level to value of the thus-determined P2. 
In this way, the laser beam controller 100 controls the laser beam power 
level during the many-time data writing operation to be performed on the 
CD-RW. 
Next, how the laser beam controller 100 controls the laser beam power level 
during the data erasing operation to be performed on the CD-RW is 
explained. During the data erasing operation, the SAMP1 is always made 
active and the second sample-and-hold amplifier 29 is set to the sampling 
mode so that the laser beam power can be controlled constantly to the P1. 
In this way, the laser beam controller 100 controls the laser beam power 
level during the data erasing operation to be performed on the CD-RW. 
As described above, the laser beam controller 100 can perform the controls 
of data reading, writing, and erasing operations on the various different 
types of media such as the CD-ROM, the CD-R, and the CD-RW without causing 
a problem in that an entire portion of the CD-R is made as a pit by the 
erasing power P1 during the data writing operation. 
Next, an example of an optical storage apparatus that includes the 
above-described laser beam controller 100 is explained with reference to 
the compact disk driving apparatus of FIG. 7. In addition to the laser 
beam controller 100, the compact disk driving apparatus 1000 includes a 
CPU 200, an encoder/decoder 300, and servo-motor controller 400. The CPU 
200 controls the entire operation of the compact disk driving apparatus 
1000 and may be combined with the one used in the laser beam controller 
100. 
The encoder/decoder 300 interfaces with an external apparatus, much as a 
computer, a computer-game machine, and so forth, encodes data received 
from the external apparatus and decodes data transmitted to the external 
apparatus. In addition, the encoder and decoder 300 includes a data buffer 
for temporarily storing the received data from the external apparatus, and 
sends the data with a plurality of timing signals, such as the WMS1, WMS2, 
SAMRP, and SAMP1, for example, to the CPU. The servo-motor controller 400 
controls a driving of a servo-motor for rotating a compact disk that is 
inserted in the compact disk driving apparatus 1000. 
The thus-arranged compact disk driving apparatus 1000 can perform the data 
reading operation on the CD-ROM, CD-R, CD-RW, and so forth, the one-time 
data recording operation on the CD-R, the many-time data rewriting 
operation on the CD-RW, and the data erasing operation to the CD-RW. 
This invention may be conveniently implemented using a conventional general 
purpose digital computer programmed according to the teaching of the 
present specification, as will be apparent to those skilled in the 
computer art. Appropriate software coding can readily be prepared by 
skilled programmers based on the teachings of the present disclosure, as 
will be apparent to those skilled in the software art. The present 
invention may also be implemented by the preparation of application 
specific integrated circuits or by interconnecting an appropriate network 
of conventional component circuits, as will be readily apparent to those 
skilled in the art. 
Obviously, numerous additional modifications and variations of the present 
invention are possible in light of the above teachings. It is therefore to 
be understood that within the scope of the appended claims, the present 
invention may be practiced otherwise than as specifically described 
herein. 
This application is based on Japanese patent application No. JPAP09055918 
filed in the Japanese Patent Office on Mar. 11, 1997, the entire contents 
of which are hereby incorporated by reference.