System of interchangeable components for creating a customized waterboard

A system of interchangeable components includes various front panels, rear panels, adaptors, and interfaces that can be variably and removably assembled to form various customized waterboards with various performance characteristics.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

1. Field of the Invention

This invention relates generally to waterboards and, more specifically, to a system of components that can be assembled, disassembled, and re-assembled to form various customized waterboards.

2. Background Art

When evaluating a surfboard, a key factor is the board's performance characteristics. Performance characteristics affect how the board handles in the water and can vary widely from board to board. Although each board has its own performance characteristics, no single set of characteristics is ideal, since the surfing will be performed in a variety of situations, from different surf conditions to different rider skills and preferences.

One option is to buy several different surfboards, each with different performance characteristics. Then, different boards could be used at different times. This approach has many drawbacks. First of all, buying one surfboard can be expensive, let alone buying several. Also, this approach requires that several surfboards be brought along if the surf conditions are unknown. Thus, if the weather is highly variable or if the surfing will be done at some point in the future, several boards will have to be brought along just in case.

What is needed is a system of interchangeable components that can be assembled, disassembled, and re-assembled to form various surfboards with different performance characteristics. Such a system will be more affordable, more portable, and more useful than a collection of several surfboards.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

A system of interchangeable components includes various front panels and rear panels that can be coupled to form various customized waterboards with various performance characteristics. The coupling is temporary so that a waterboard can be disassembled and its front panel and/or rear panel used to create other waterboards. In order to achieve different board performance characteristics, the panels have distinct performance characteristics. In one embodiment, panels vary in terms of shape, size, and composition (e.g., material and structure). A front panel and a rear panel can couple directly or via an additional component called an adaptor.

The system can also include an interface that creates flex between panels and/or adaptors. The interface is a flexible structure that is coupled to a panel or adaptor (the interface panel) and extends beyond an edge of that panel. The end of the interface that is coupled is called the anchor, while the opposite end (which is usually free-floating) is called the extension. When the interface panel is coupled to a second panel or adaptor, the extension end is located over, under, or inside the second panel (the receiving panel). A rider engages the interface by placing his body on the board such that his weight presses downwards on the interface, thereby bending it and flexing the board. In one embodiment, the interface is temporarily attached to the interface panel so that it can be placed in different positions or removed completely. In another embodiment, the interface is (removably) coupled to the receiving panel. In yet another embodiment, the interface panel includes one or more load-spreading elements that are coupled to the interface and that help transfer force to and from the interface.

DETAILED DESCRIPTIONS OF THE EMBODIMENTS

For simplicity purposes, the invention is described in the context of a system of components for creating a surfboard. However, the invention can be used to create any type of water sports board, including boogie boards, knee boards, wake boards, windsurfing boards, kite boards, and sail boards. For purposes of generality, the terms “surfboard” and “board” are used herein interchangeably and include any type of water sports board, such as surfboards, boogie boards, knee boards, wake boards, windsurfing boards, kite boards, sail boards, and any similar board used to permit walking, gliding, or planing on the surface of a body of water while sustaining the rider substantially out of contact with the water.

A system of interchangeable components is used to form various surfboards with different performance characteristics. In one embodiment, the system includes one or more front panels and one or more rear panels. A surfboard is created by selecting a front panel, selecting a rear panel, and coupling them to form a substantially surfboard shape.FIG. 15Ashows a perspective view of a surfboard. Here, the rear edge12of the front panel10is coupled to the front edge21of the rear panel20. The coupling is temporary so that the front panel10can later be coupled to a different rear panel20, and/or the rear panel20can later be coupled to a different front panel10, thereby creating different boards with different performance characteristics.FIG. 15Bshows an exploded perspective view of the surfboard shown inFIG. 15A. In this view, the front panel10has been decoupled from the rear panel20. Depending on the sizes of the selected front panel10and the selected rear panel20, the surfboard can be any length. In one embodiment, the surfboard's length falls within a range of 5.5 feet to 12 feet.

In order to achieve different board performance characteristics, the system includes one or more front panels10with different performance characteristics and one or more rear panels20with different performance characteristics. Performance characteristics are primarily determined by a board's shape, size, and composition (e.g., material and structure). Thus, in one embodiment, the system includes one or more front panels10with different shapes, sizes, and/or compositions and one or more rear panels20with different shapes, sizes, and/or compositions.

Front Panel

The shape of a front panel10can vary. For example, the shape of a front panel's front edge11, which forms the nose of the surfboard, can vary.FIGS. 1A,1B, and1C show plan views of alternate embodiments of a front panel.FIG. 1Ashows a front panel10with a pointed front edge11,FIG. 1Cshows a front panel10with a rounded front edge11, andFIG. 1Bshows a front panel10with a front edge11that is somewhat pointed and somewhat rounded.

As another example, the shape of a front panel's bottom surface (not shown), which contacts the water, can vary. In one embodiment, the bottom surface is flat. In another embodiment, the bottom surface is curved to form a rocker curve. In general, the larger the rocker curve, the easier it is to turn the board while riding. In yet another embodiment, the bottom surface includes one or more design features such as ridges, channels, or other concave or convex surfaces.

The size of a front panel10can also vary. For example, the panel10inFIG. 1Ais shorter than the panel10inFIG. 1B, and the panel10inFIG. 1Bis shorter than the panel inFIG. 1C. In one embodiment, the length of a front panel10falls within the range of 6.1 feet to 6.6 feet. In another embodiment, the front panel10is longer than the rear panel20. In this embodiment, the front panel10forms the main body of the surfboard, while the rear panel20forms the tail of the surfboard.

In one embodiment, a front panel10can be made of multiple sub-panels that are coupled together, similar to how the surfboard is made of multiple panels. This embodiment is useful for several reasons. First, the front panel10can be further customized (e.g., by using different sub-panels with different performance characteristics). Also, the board as a whole is easier to transport, since it divides into smaller pieces. This can be very helpful if the front panel10is long.

FIG. 2Ashows a perspective view of a surfboard with a front panel that includes multiple parts. Specifically, the front panel10includes a first sub-panel10A and a second sub-panel10B, which are coupled. The first sub-panel10A forms the nose of the board, and the second sub-panel10B couples to the rear panel20.FIG. 2Bshows an exploded perspective view of the surfboard shown inFIG. 2A. In this view, the first sub-panel10A has been decoupled from the second sub-panel10B, and the front panel10(specifically, the second sub-panel10B) has been decoupled from the rear panel20.

The coupling interface for the front panel10can be similar to that which is used to couple the front panel10and the rear panel20. (This interface will be discussed below.) In one embodiment, the front panel10coupling interface has a different shape than the board coupling interface in order to fit within the overall outline of the surfboard, since the nose and the tail often have substantially different shapes. Also, the bottom surface of the front panel10would probably differ from the bottom surface of the board as a whole, which would necessitate a different coupling interface.

The composition of a front panel10can also vary. For example, a front panel10can be made of many different types of materials, such as a composite plastic skin laminated with fiberglass, carbon fiber, or a similar material. The panel10can be hollow, or it can contain filler. A panel10can be created by hand, mass production methods, or some of each. For example, a panel10can be injection molded and thermoformed. Manufacturing can also be controlled by a computer numerical control (CNC) machine. Filler, sometimes referred to as a “blank”, can be obtained in an un-shaped, shaped, or semi-shaped state. Since filler is usually malleable, it can then be further shaped to preference (e.g., by hand or using a machine). Filler can be made of any material, such as wood or foam.

As another example, a front panel10can include one or more structural elements13(sometimes called “stringers”). These elements13add strength to a surfboard and can affect its overall flex, springiness, and feel. Also, force can be transferred from a rider to a structural element13and vice versa. The structural element13can then distribute this force to the bottom surface of the board (and, eventually, to the water).

In one embodiment, a structural element13connects to an interface (discussed below) that couples the front panel10and the rear panel20. This enables the aforementioned force to be distributed to the interface. If the interface also connects to a structural element23in the rear panel20, then the force can be distributed from the rider to the rear panel20(via the front panel10and the coupling interface). The force can also be distributed to one or more fins, if they are present in the front panel10and/or rear panel20. (Fins will be discussed below in conjunction with rear panels20.) Note that a structural element13,23has no inherent “direction”—it enables force to flow freely between a rider, a front panel10, a rear panel20, and the water.

Just like a front panel10, a structural element13can also vary in terms of its shape, size, and composition (e.g., material and structure). A structural element13can be made of any material, such as wood (e.g., cedar, spruce, balsa, redwood, or engineered wood), plastic (or composite plastic), fiberglass (or carbon fiber), or metal. A structural element13can also vary in terms of its location (e.g., relative to the rest of the front panel10). It can be located, for example, within a panel10or on its surface. An element13located within a panel10would probably be incorporated during manufacturing, while an element13located on the surface of a panel10can be implemented as an attachment to a blank (e.g., by laminating it) or as an integrated part of a foam blank (e.g., by injection molding).

FIGS. 3A–Gshow plan views of alternate embodiments of a front panel. In these figures, the front edge11of the front panel10is not shown, since the shape of the front edge11can vary, as discussed above. Coupling mechanisms14, which have not yet been discussed, are shown because of their possible interaction with the structural elements13. In the illustrated embodiments, the coupling mechanisms14are connected to the rear edge12of the front panel10. This enables force to be transferred from the coupling mechanisms14to the rear edge12of the front panel10. The coupling mechanisms14in the front panel10connect to the coupling mechanisms24in the rear panel20, both of which will be discussed below.

InFIG. 3A, the front panel10has no structural element13. However, the front panel10can have other structural features, such as areas of its skin that have been reinforced with different material characteristics.

InFIG. 3B, the front panel10has two straight structural elements13, one on its left side and one on its right side. These elements13extend forward (at a slight angle towards the front panel's midline) from the coupling mechanisms14. Since the structural elements13connect to the coupling mechanisms14, they can transfer force to them. In the illustrated embodiment, the structural elements13are shown with dashed lines, indicating that they are not visible from the top surface of the front panel10. This may be because, for example, the elements13are located inside the front panel10.

InFIG. 3C, the front panel10has a structural element13that connects to the two coupling mechanisms14and the front edge11(not shown). In the illustrated embodiment, the portions of the structural element13that connect to the coupling mechanisms14form an upside-down wedge (“v”) shape. InFIG. 3D, the front panel10has a structural element13that connects to the coupling mechanisms14and does not connect to the front edge11of the front panel10. In the illustrated embodiment, the structural element13forms an elongated, upside-down “u” shape.

InFIG. 3E, the structural element13is shown with solid lines, which indicates that the structural element13is visible from the top surface of the front panel10. This may be because, for example, the element13is located on top of, or embedded in the top surface, and preferably flush with it. The structural element13inFIG. 3Eis similar to the structural element13inFIG. 3C, in that they both connect to the coupling mechanisms14and the front edge11(not shown).

InFIG. 3F, two structural elements13A,13B are shown. The first structural element13A is straight, extends from coupling mechanisms14to the front edge11(not shown), and is visible from the top surface. The second structural element13B includes a plurality of curves and connects to the rear edge12of the front panel10in two places. Note that the left and right edges of the front panel10in the illustrated embodiment are straight instead of curved. This indicates that the panel10has not yet been shaped (e.g., the “panel” is actually an un-shaped blank that has the second structural element13B integrated into it during manufacturing).

The structural element13inFIG. 3Gis similar to that shown inFIG. 3D, except that it has been integrated into an un-shaped block (as indicated by the straight left and right edges of the front panel10).

FIGS. 3A,3B,3C,3D,3E,3F, and3G show only a few embodiments of a front panel10. Other types of structural elements13can include, for example, rods, beams, and one or more stringers in various configurations, such as a single stringer down the midline, multiple parallel single stringers, one stringer or multiple stringers in a wedge shape, a double T-band stringer, and a triple T-band stringer. In addition, structural elements13can differ in terms of shape, size, composition (e.g., material and structure), and location (e.g., relative to the rest of the front panel10).

Rear Panel

Rear panels20are similar to front panels10in that their shapes and sizes can vary. For example, the shape of a rear panel's rear edge22, which forms the tail of the surfboard, can vary. Also, the length of a rear panel20can vary. In one embodiment, the rear panel20is shorter than the front panel10. In this embodiment, the rear panel20forms the tail of the surfboard, while the front panel10forms the main body of the surfboard.FIGS. 4A–Fshow plan views of alternate embodiments of a rear panel. In order, the illustrated rear panels20are: short with a rounded rear edge22(sometimes called a “pin tail”;FIG. 4A), short with a blunt rear edge22(sometimes called a “squash tail”;FIG. 4B), somewhat short with a forked rear edge22(sometimes called a “swallow tail”;FIG. 4C), somewhat long with a blunt rear edge22(FIG. 4D), somewhat long with a rounded rear edge22(FIG. 4E), and long with a pointy but somewhat rounded rear edge22(sometimes called a “pin tail”;FIG. 4F).

As another example, the shape of a rear panel's bottom surface (not shown), which contacts the water, can also vary. In one embodiment, the bottom surface is flat. In another embodiment, the bottom surface is curved to form a rocker curve. In general, the larger the rocker curve, the easier it is to turn the board while riding. In yet another embodiment, the bottom surface includes one or more design features such as ridges, channels, or other concave or convex surfaces.

The composition (e.g., material and structure) of a rear panel20can also vary, similar to that described above in conjunction with front panels10. In particular, a rear panel20can be made from a blank and can include one or more structural elements23. These structural elements23are similar to those described above13in conjunction with front panels10and can be located, for example, within the rear panel20or on its surface. In particular, they can connect to an interface (discussed below) that couples the rear panel20and the front panel10. This enables force to be transferred to the interface. If the interface also connects to a structural element13in the front panel10, then the force can be transferred from the rear panel20to the rider (via the coupling interface and the front panel10).

Unlike front panels10, rear panels20usually include one or more fins26. In one embodiment, a rear panel20includes anywhere from one to five fins26. A fin26can vary in terms of shape, size, composition (e.g., material and structure), and location (e.g., relative to the rest of the rear panel20). A structural element23can also connect to one or more of these fins26. This enables force to be transferred between the water, the fin26, the structural element23, and the coupling mechanism24.

A fin26can connect to a rear panel20using a variety of mounting mechanisms. In one embodiment, the mounting mechanism is permanent, so that once a fin26has been attached, it cannot be removed. In another embodiment, the mounting mechanism is temporary, so that various fins26can be attached and removed as desired. A mounting mechanism can also strengthen the rear panel20and reinforce its structure.

One example of a temporary mounting mechanism is a fin cassette27. While the fin cassette27is located such that the fin26extends downward into the water, its exact placement relative to the rear panel20can vary. In one embodiment, the fin cassette27is attached to the bottom surface of the rear panel20so that, if the bottom surface were facing upward, the cassette27would appear to be located on top of the rear panel20. In another embodiment, the cassette27is located partially inside the rear panel20so that one of its edges is flush with the bottom surface. In this embodiment, the cassette27can either extend partway into the panel (so that the cassette's top edge is inside the panel) or it can extend through the panel (so that the cassette's top edge is flush with the top surface of the panel). In one embodiment, a fin cassette27is temporarily attached to the rear panel20so that various types of cassettes can be attached and removed as desired. Other types of fins and fin mounting mechanisms, both permanent and temporary, are known to those of ordinary skill in the art.

A structural element23in a rear panel20can vary in terms of its shape, size, composition (e.g., material and structure), and location. For example, a structural element23can vary based on the overall shape and size of the rear panel20and the placement of one or more fins26.FIGS. 5A–Fshow plan views of alternate embodiments of a rear panel. In these figures, the rear edge22of the rear panel20is sometimes not shown, since the shape of the rear edge22can vary, as discussed above. Coupling mechanisms24, which have not yet been discussed, are shown because of their possible interaction with the structural elements23. In the illustrated embodiments, the coupling mechanisms24are connected to the front edge21of the rear panel20. This enables force to be transferred from the front edge21of the rear panel20to the coupling mechanisms24. The coupling mechanisms24in the rear panel20connect to the coupling mechanisms14in the front panel10, both of which will be discussed below.

InFIG. 5A, the rear panel20has no structural element23. However, the rear panel20can have other structural features, such as areas of its skin that have been reinforced with different material characteristics.

InFIG. 5B, the rear panel20has a structural element23with a wide, shallow “u” shape that connects to the front edge21of the rear panel20. Since the front edge21is connected to the coupling mechanisms24, force can be transferred between the water, the structural element23, the front edge21, and the coupling mechanisms24. In the illustrated embodiment, the structural element23is shown with solid lines, which indicates that it is visible from the top surface of the rear panel20. This may be because, for example, the element23is located on top of, or embedded in, the top surface. In an alternate embodiment (not shown), the structural element23is not visible from the top surface of the rear panel20. This may be because, for example, the element23is located inside of the rear panel20or is attached to (or embedded in) the bottom surface of the rear panel20.

InFIG. 5C, the rear panel20has a structural element23with a “y” shape that connects to the front edge21of the rear panel20. In the illustrated embodiment, the structural element23is shown with dashed lines, which indicates that it is not visible from the top surface of the rear panel20. In an alternate embodiment (not shown), the structural element23is visible from the top surface of the rear panel20. The rectangular areas within the structural element23represent places where fins26(or fin mounting mechanisms) can be attached.

InFIG. 5D, the rear panel20has no structural element23. However, the rear panel20can have other structural features, such as areas of its skin that have been reinforced with different material characteristics. Note that the left and right edges of the rear panel20in the illustrated embodiment are straight instead of curved. This indicates that the panel20has not yet been shaped (e.g., the “panel” is actually an un-shaped blank that has the coupling mechanisms24integrated into it during manufacturing).

InFIG. 5E, the rear panel20has a structural element23that includes a plurality of curves and connects to the front edge21of the rear panel20in two places. In the illustrated embodiment, the structural element23is shown with dashed lines. This indicates that it is not visible from the top surface of the rear panel20. This may be because, for example, the element23is located within (i.e., inside) the rear panel20. Note also that the structural element23has been integrated into an un-shaped block (as indicated by the straight left and right edges of the rear panel20).

The structural element23inFIG. 5Fis similar to that shown inFIG. 5C, except that part of the structural element23is not visible from the top surface of the rear panel20. Also, the structural element23has been integrated into an un-shaped block (as indicated by the straight left and right edges of the rear panel20).

FIGS. 5A,5B,5C,5D,5E, and5F show only a few embodiments of a rear panel20. Other types of structural elements23can include, for example, rods, beams, and one or more stringers in various configurations, such as a single stringer down the midline, multiple parallel single stringers, one stringer or multiple stringers in a wedge shape, a double T-band stringer, and a triple T-band stringer. In addition, structural elements23can differ in terms of shape, size, composition (e.g., material and structure), and location (e.g., relative to the rest of the rear panel20). While areas for attaching fins26(or fin mounting mechanisms) are shown in onlyFIGS. 5C and 5F, these areas can be located anywhere on a rear panel20and may or may not connect to a structural element23.

Coupling Interface

As mentioned above, a surfboard is created by selecting a front panel10, selecting a rear panel20, and coupling them to form a substantially surfboard shape. The coupling is temporary so that the front panel10can later be coupled to a different rear panel20, and/or the rear panel20can later be coupled to a different front panel10, thereby creating different boards with different performance characteristics.

In one embodiment, the coupling is performed by one or more mechanisms14in the front panel10and one or more mechanisms24in the rear panel20. The mechanisms14,24are designed to couple in a particular way so that they temporarily “lock” together the front panel10and the rear panel20. The phrase “interface” refers to a collection of mechanisms14,24that are designed to be coupled together.

Coupling Mechanism

The coupling mechanisms14,24can vary in terms of shape, size, composition (e.g., material and structure), and location. In one embodiment, a first coupling mechanism comprises a tab or arm, and a second coupling mechanism comprises a slot into which the first coupling mechanism is inserted. The tab or arm would be located on one panel, and the slot would be located on the other panel. For example, the tab or arm can be located on the front panel10, and the slot can be located on the rear panel20(or vice versa). In one embodiment, an interface has two pairs of coupling mechanisms, one on the left half of the board and one on the right half of the board. In another embodiment, an interface has only one pair of coupling mechanisms (e.g., in the middle of the board).

In general, a coupling mechanism14,24is located near the “interface edge” of a panel. For example, the front coupling mechanism14is located near the rear edge12of the front panel10, and the rear coupling mechanism24is located near the edge21of the rear panel20. However, the exact locations of the coupling mechanisms14,24can vary. In one embodiment, a coupling mechanism14,24is located directly on an interface edge. In another embodiment, a coupling mechanism14,24is located on the surface (top or bottom) of a panel, near the interface edge. In yet another embodiment, a coupling mechanism14,24is located within a panel. In yet another embodiment, a coupling mechanism14,24is located on a structure that extends from the panel past the interface edge (e.g., on a variable flex interface30, which will be discussed below). Also, a coupling mechanism14,24can be connected to a structural element13,23, a fin16,26, and/or a fin cassette17,27.

The front and back interface edges12,21should fit together, but they can be of any substantially complementary shapes. In one embodiment, they are linear and run perpendicular to the midlines of the panels10,20. In another embodiment, they are non-linear. Non-linear interface edges12,21are beneficial because they act to automatically align the panels10,20(and therefore the coupling mechanisms14,24) so that they are positioned correctly for coupling.

A coupling mechanism14,24located within a panel would probably be incorporated during manufacturing, while a coupling mechanism14,24located on the surface of a panel can be implemented as an attachment to a blank (e.g., by laminating it) or as an integrated part of a foam blank (e.g., by injection molding). A coupling mechanism14,24can be made of any material, such as wood (e.g., cedar, spruce, balsa, or redwood), plastic, fiberglass, or metal.

Once the panels have been coupled, they need some type of lock or latch to keep them together. In one embodiment, positive snap locks are used and can be depressed to unlock the two panels. In another embodiment, flexible elastomeric parts with “tab” keyed or shaped heads (e.g., plastic or rubber) fit or snap into “slot” shapes. This embodiment provides benefits related to flex and absorption of vibration, due to the elastomeric parts. Other possible methods include, for example, magnetic locks, latchings, cam-over latchings, ratchet-type connections, and eccentric rotation locking knobs. The “locking action” of a pair of coupling mechanisms can have any direction. For example, it can be directed toward the front panel10or the rear panel20(or both).

FIGS. 6A–Hshow perspective views of alternate embodiments of coupling mechanisms. In these figures, the front edge11of the front panel10and the rear edge22of the rear panel20are not shown, since their shapes can vary, as discussed above. InFIG. 6A, the coupling mechanisms14of the front panel10comprise arms that are located on the front interface edge12and extend rearward toward the rear interface edge21. These arms insert into the coupling mechanisms24of the rear panel20, which are slots.

InFIG. 6B, the coupling mechanisms14of the front panel10comprise tabs that are located on a variable flex interface30(a structure that extends rearward from the front panel10past the interface edge12toward the rear interface edge21). These tabs insert into the coupling mechanisms24of the rear panel20, which are slots. In the illustrated embodiment, the slots are located in a cassette in the rear panel20.FIG. 6Cshows an alternate rear panel20that can connect to the front panel10shown inFIG. 6B. This alternate rear panel20also has slots, but here the slots are located on an indented surface of the rear panel20.

InFIG. 6D, the coupling mechanism14of the front panel10comprises a tab that is located on a variable flex interface30. This tab inserts into the coupling mechanism24of the rear panel20, which is a slot. In the illustrated embodiment, the slot is located in a cassette in the rear panel20.FIG. 6Eshows an alternate rear panel20that can connect to the front panel10shown inFIG. 6D. This alternate rear panel20also has a slot, but here the slot is located on an indented surface of the rear panel20.

InFIG. 6F, the coupling mechanisms14A of the front panel10comprise shaped beam members that are located on the front interface edge12and extend rearward toward the rear interface edge21. These beams insert into the coupling mechanisms24of the rear panel20, which are slots. In the illustrated embodiment, the slots are located in a cassette in the rear panel20.FIG. 6Falso shows alternate coupling mechanisms14B of the front panel10, which comprise shaped tabs that are located on the front interface edge12and extend rearward toward the rear interface edge21. These tabs insert into the coupling mechanisms24of the rear panel20, which are slots. In the illustrated embodiment, the front coupling mechanisms14are connected to structural elements13and to a variable flex interface30.

InFIG. 6G, the coupling mechanisms24of the rear panel20comprise shaped tab members that are located on the back interface edge21and extend forward toward the front interface edge12. These tabs insert into the coupling mechanisms14of the front panel10, which are slots. In the illustrated embodiment, the slots are located in a cassette in the front panel10. In the illustrated embodiment, the rear coupling mechanisms24are connected to a variable flex interface30, and the front coupling mechanisms14are connected to structural elements13.

InFIG. 6H, the coupling mechanisms14A of the front panel10comprise shaped wing members that are located on the front interface edge12and extend rearward toward the rear interface edge21. These wings insert into the coupling mechanisms24of the rear panel20, which are slots. In the illustrated embodiment, the slots are located in a cassette in the rear panel20.FIG. 6Halso shows alternate coupling mechanisms14B of the front panel10, which comprise different shaped wing members that are located on the front interface edge12and extend rearward toward the rear interface edge21. These wings insert into the coupling mechanisms24of the rear panel20, which are slots. In the illustrated embodiment, the front coupling mechanisms14are connected to structural elements13and to a variable flex interface30.

FIGS. 6A,6B6C,6D,6E,6F,6G, and6H show only a few embodiments of interfaces and coupling mechanisms14,24. Other types of interfaces and coupling mechanisms14,24are possible.

Adaptor

While front panels10and rear panels20can have different shapes, sizes, and/or compositions, they still need to fit together. In order for this to happen, their interface edges12,21should match. In other words, the panels10,20should have similar (or identical) cross sections where they come together. This requirement restricts which front panels10can be coupled to which rear panels20and, as a result, limits the types of boards that can be created using the system.

In one embodiment, rather than directly coupling a front panel10and a rear panel20, an adaptor40is used. The adaptor40acts as a third panel that couples to both the front panel10and the rear panel20, thereby forming a substantially surfboard shape. The adaptor40includes one or more coupling mechanisms44near its front edge41(which connect to the coupling mechanisms14of the front panel10) and one or more coupling mechanisms44near its rear edge42(which connect to the coupling mechanisms24of the rear panel20).

Since an adaptor40has two “interface edges,” it can accommodate a front panel10and a rear panel20whose cross sections differ. This enables more panel combinations and, ultimately, more types of surfboards. An adaptor40also enables the shape and form of a board to transition over a greater distance, tapering from the front panel10shape to the rear panel20shape.

FIGS. 7A,7B, and7C show perspective views of alternate embodiments of adaptors. In these figures, the front edge11of the front panel10and the rear edge22of the rear panel20are not shown, since their shapes can vary, as discussed above.

The adaptors shown in these figures accommodate variable flex interfaces30in different ways. InFIG. 7A, the variable flex interface30extends from the front panel10past its interface edge12toward the adaptor40, which receives the entire variable flex interface30. (“Receipt” of a variable flex interface40will be discussed below.) InFIG. 7B, the variable flex interface30extends from the adaptor40past its rear interface edge42toward the rear panel20, which receives the entire variable flex interface30. InFIG. 7C, the variable flex interface30extends from the front panel10past its interface edge12toward the adaptor40. Here, the variable flex interface30is longer than the adaptor40, so the adaptor receives some of the variable flex interface30, and the rear panel20receives the rest.

Variable Flex Interface

In one embodiment, a surfboard's performance characteristics are enhanced by including a variable flex interface30. A variable flex interface (VFI)30is a flexible structure, similar to a miniature diving board, that is coupled to a panel10,20or adaptor40(the “VFI panel”) and extends beyond an edge of that panel. The end of the VFI30that is coupled is called the “anchor,” while the opposite end (which is usually free-floating) is called the “extension.”

FIG. 16Ashows a perspective view of a surfboard that includes a variable flex interface.FIG. 16Bshows an exploded perspective view of the surfboard shown inFIG. 16A. In this view, the front panel10has been decoupled from the rear panel20. In the illustrated embodiments, the variable flex interface30is coupled to the front panel10and extends beyond the panel's rear edge12. Thus, in these embodiments, the front panel10is the VFI panel. When the VFI panel is coupled to another panel10,20or adaptor40(as inFIG. 16A), the extension end of the VFI30is located over, under, or inside that other panel (the “receiving panel”). InFIGS. 16A and 16B, the rear panel20is the receiving panel.

Coupling mechanisms14,24have been omitted fromFIGS. 16A and 16Bso that the variable flex interface30can be more clearly identified.FIG. 17Ashows a perspective view of a surfboard that includes coupling mechanisms and a variable flex interface.FIG. 17Bshows an exploded perspective view of the surfboard shown inFIG. 17A. In this view, the front panel10has been decoupled from the rear panel20.

Recall that a board's shape affects its performance characteristics. For example, a board's rocker curve affects force transfer for turning and other performance aspects. Some degree of flexibility is therefore desirable in a board, since it affects the board's shape and, as a result, its performance characteristics. The VFI30creates flex between the VFI panel and the receiving panel and enables a rider to control the amount of this flex. In one embodiment, a rider “engages” the VFI30by placing his body on the board such that his weight presses downwards on the VFI30, thereby bending it and flexing the board. By varying his body position, he can engage the VFI30in different amounts. For example, a rider can use his foot to create a vertical pumping movement over the VFI30. Engaging the VFI30can increase the board's response and improve its performance. For example, it can give more force and enable “snappier” turns. It can also enable a rider to get more air. In one embodiment, a rider can interact directly with the VFI30by placing one foot (or both) on or near the area where the VFI30is located.

Since the VFI30can flex during operation of the board, it is generally not coupled to the receiving panel. (Note, however, the VFI coupling mechanism embodiments described below, which are exceptions.) While the VFI30may not be coupled to the receiving panel, it sometimes comes in contact with it. The VFI30(specifically, its extension end) can interact with the receiving panel in various ways.FIGS. 8A–Eshow plan views and sectional views of alternate embodiments of a variable flex interface. In these figures, the VFI panel is the front panel10, and the receiving panel is the rear panel20. The front edge11of the front panel10and the rear edge22of the rear panel20are not shown, since their shapes can vary, as discussed above.

In one embodiment, the extension is located on top of the receiving panel's top surface, as shown inFIG. 8A. In another embodiment, the receiving panel has an open cavity (such as an indented area) in which the VFI30rests, as shown inFIG. 8B. In yet another embodiment, the receiving panel can have an enclosed cavity (e.g., inside the receiving panel) into which the VFI30can be inserted (not shown). In yet another embodiment, the receiving panel includes a cassette that receives the VFI30. The cassette can be located, for example, completely inside the receiving panel (e.g., so that it is invisible when looking at the receiving panel; seeFIG. 8E), partially inside the receiving panel (e.g., so that one of its edges is flush with the receiving panel's top edge; seeFIG. 8D), or completely outside the receiving panel (e.g., on top of the receiving panel's top surface; not shown). In yet another embodiment, the cassette is only partially closed, as shown inFIG. 8C.

The VFI30can be attached to the VFI panel in various ways. In one embodiment, the VFI30(specifically, its anchor end) is mounted (e.g., laminated) on the VFI panel's top surface. In another embodiment, the anchor is integrated into the VFI panel (e.g., during manufacturing). The anchor can also connect to a structural element or a fin in the VFI panel. The attachment between the VFI30and the VFI panel may or may not be permanent. In one embodiment, a temporary attachment enables the VFI30to be placed in different positions, thereby varying the distance by which the VFI30extends beyond the VFI panel. In another embodiment, a temporary attachment enables the VFI30to be completely removed (perhaps to be replaced with a different VFI30with different performance characteristics).

In one embodiment, the VFI30extends across an adaptor40before it reaches the receiving panel, as shown inFIG. 7C. In another embodiment, the VFI30extends through an adaptor40before it reaches the receiving panel (not shown).

The VFI30itself can vary in terms of shape, size, and composition (e.g., material and structure). For example, the VFI30can include one or more parts, one of which might be a beam (linear or unshaped). The VFI30can also include one or more cavities, which can reduce weight and affect flex characteristics. Also, the VFI30can vary in length. In one embodiment, the surface of the VFI30includes one or more convex or concave surfaces, such as ribs, to reinforce its structure or to form escape channels for water or particles of sand or dirt.

FIGS. 9A,9B, and9C show perspective views of alternate embodiments of a variable flex interface. The front edge11of the front panel10and the rear edge22of the rear panel20are not shown, since their shapes can vary, as discussed above.

InFIG. 9A, the VFI30is u-shaped and includes an opening and is inset into a track or channel on the surface of the receiving panel. InFIG. 9B, the VFI30includes two arms (or beams) that insert into a cassette that is completely inside the receiving panel. In the illustrated embodiment, the cassette includes two openings, one for each arm. InFIG. 9C, the VFI30includes three arms (or beams) that insert into a cassette that is completely inside the receiving panel. In the illustrated embodiment, the cassette includes one opening, which receives all three arms.

VFI Coupling Mechanism

In one embodiment, the VFI30is removably attached to the receiving panel using a variable flex interface coupling mechanism34. Many types of VFI coupling mechanisms34can be used.FIGS. 10A–Eshow plan views and sectional views of alternate embodiments of a variable flex interface coupling mechanism. The front edge11of the front panel10and the rear edge22of the rear panel20are not shown, since their shapes can vary, as discussed above.

Since the VFI30can move during operation (riding) of a board, these embodiments allow for variation in the VFI's location. InFIG. 10A, a screw or quarter lock mechanism connects the VFI30to the receiving panel. In one embodiment, flexible materials (e.g., rubber bushings) are placed between the screw (or quarter lock) and the receiving panel to absorb force. InFIG. 10B, a flexible mechanism (e.g., elastomeric rubber) inserts into a slot in the receiving panel. InFIG. 10C, a hook extends downward from the VFI's bottom surface and slides into a slot and bar inset on the top surface of the receiving panel. InFIG. 10D, the rear edge of the VFI30inserts into a slot, pocket, or cassette in the receiving panel. InFIG. 10E, a tab extending rearward from the rear edge of the VFI30inserts into a slot, pocket, or cassette in the receiving panel. Other VFI coupling mechanisms34are also possible, such as tongue and groove interfaces and ratchet interfaces (not shown).

In one embodiment, a VFI coupling mechanism34enables a rider to adjust the amount of flex provided by the VFI30. By adjusting the amount of flex, a rider can adjust how much of his personal force and movement is transferred through the board to the water and vice versa. In one embodiment, the flex is adjusted by varying the position of the VFI30relative to the VFI panel (and relative to the receiving panel, since it is coupled to the VFI panel). For example, the VFI's length can be located mostly on (or in) the VFI panel, mostly on (or in) the receiving panel, or divided equally between the two panels. The distribution of the VFI's length between the two panels affects the amount of flex provided by the VFI30. In one embodiment, the VFI30can slide back and forth into and out of the VFI panel and then lock into place.

FIGS. 11A and 11Bshow perspective views of alternate embodiments of a variable flex interface coupling mechanism. The VFI coupling mechanism34shown inFIG. 11Ais similar to that shown inFIG. 10A, except that the screw or quarter lock mechanism can connect to the receiving panel in multiple positions, thereby enabling adjustment of the flex. In the illustrated embodiment, the VFI30can slide back and forth into and out of the VFI panel and then lock into place, depending on which position is desired. The VFI coupling mechanism34shown inFIG. 11Bis similar to that shown inFIG. 11A, except that the receiving panel includes a different mechanism to enable the screw or quarter lock mechanism to connect in multiple positions. Other types of VFI coupling mechanisms34, such as hooks, can also enable a rider to adjust the amount of flex provided by the VFI30. In one embodiment, a VFI coupling mechanism34connects to another coupling mechanism, a fin, or a structural element of a panel.

In one embodiment, a VFI panel includes one or more load-spreading elements50that are coupled to the VFI30and that help transfer force to and from the VFI30. For example, a load-spreading element50can be a substantially planar member that is oriented vertically and perpendicularly relative to the VFI30and that distributes forces applied to the VFI30. The load-spreading element50and the surface it contacts can have substantially complementary surfaces such that they “fit together” when the board is assembled. In one embodiment, these surfaces are oriented perpendicularly relative to the VFI30. In another embodiment, they deviate from perpendicular, which enables them to have a larger contact surface area for better transferring force. In one embodiment, a load-spreading element50coupled to a first panel or adaptor (e.g., via a VFI30) contacts an interface edge of a second panel or adaptor (e.g., when the board has been assembled). In another embodiment, the load-spreading element50contacts a second load-spreading member50coupled to a second panel or adaptor.

Load-spreading elements50can have various shapes, such as wing-shaped, biscuit-shaped, wedge-shaped, or tongue-and-groove-shaped. In one embodiment, load-spreading elements50are wedge-shaped in order to increase the area of engagement when panels (and/or adaptors) are coupled. Load-spreading elements50can be located in various places, such as on or near other coupling mechanisms or along the interface edges of the panels.

FIG. 12Ashows an exploded partial plan view of a surfboard. The front panel10and the rear panel20are shown with dashed lines so as not to obstruct the view of the other parts. In the illustrated embodiment, a front structural element13is coupled to a front coupling mechanism14, which is coupled to a rear coupling mechanism24(not shown). The rear coupling mechanism24is coupled to a rear structural element23. The illustrated embodiment also shows a VFI30that is coupled to the front panel10.

FIG. 12Bshows an exploded partial perspective view of the surfboard shown inFIG. 12A.FIG. 12Bis similar toFIG. 12Aexcept that the view is further exploded to show details of some parts. In particular, the front coupling mechanism14has been decoupled from the rear coupling mechanism24. The illustrated embodiment also shows two load spreading elements50(one coupled to the front panel10, and one coupled to the rear panel20). These two elements50fit together when the board is assembled.

FIG. 12Cshows a partial sectional view of the surfboard shown inFIG. 12A. The illustrated embodiment includes rear fins26and rear fin cassettes27. Note thatFIG. 12Cis not an exploded view. Thus,FIG. 12Crepresents the cross-section of an assembled board.

FIG. 13Ashows an exploded partial perspective view of a surfboard. The front panel10and the rear panel20are not shown. In the illustrated embodiment, a front structural element13couples to a front coupling mechanism14, which couples to a rear coupling mechanism24. The rear coupling mechanism24is coupled to a rear structural element23. The illustrated embodiment also shows rear fins26, rear fin cassettes27, and a VFI30that is coupled to the front panel10. The illustrated embodiment also shows two load spreading elements50(one coupled to the front panel10, and one coupled to the rear panel20), which fit together when the board is assembled.

FIG. 13Bshows a partial sectional view of the surfboard shown inFIG. 13A. Note thatFIG. 13Bis not an exploded view. Thus,FIG. 13Brepresents the cross section of an assembled board.

Additional Embodiments

FIG. 14Ashows a perspective view of a surfboard that includes coupling mechanisms, a variable flex interface, and variable flex interface coupling mechanisms. The illustrated embodiment shows a front panel10coupled to rear panel20. Multiple fins26are coupled to the rear panel20. A VFI30is also shown.FIG. 14Bshows an exploded perspective view of the surfboard shown inFIG. 14A. In this view, the front panel10has been decoupled from the rear panel20. The illustrated embodiment shows front coupling mechanisms14and rear coupling mechanisms24. The illustrated embodiment also shows VFI coupling mechanisms34and a load-spreading element50.FIG. 14Cshows a perspective view of an alternate embodiment of a rear panel. This alternate rear panel20can connect to the front panel10shown inFIG. 14B. The rear edge22of the rear panel20shown inFIG. 14Chas a different shape than the rear edge22of the rear panel20shown inFIG. 14B.

Although the invention has been described in considerable detail with reference to certain embodiments thereof, other embodiments are possible as will be understood to those skilled in the art.