Fail safe suction hose for significantly moving suction port

A hose assembly for a pump comprising a pressurized hose, wherein the pressurized hose is exposed to pressure during at least a part of the operation of the pump, and a leak detection system comprising an outer hose concentrically positioned about at least a portion of the pressurized hose such that an annular chamber exists between the pressurized hose and the outer hose, whereby a leak of the pressurized hose can be detected by monitoring the hose assembly and/or a leak sensor associated therewith.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

Not applicable.

Not applicable.

REFERENCE TO A MICROFICHE APPENDIX

Not applicable.

TECHNICAL FIELD

The present disclosure relates generally to a method and apparatus for supplying pressurized fluids. More particularly, the present disclosure relates to methods and reciprocating devices for pumping fluids into a wellbore.

BACKGROUND

Pumps, such as high-pressure pumps, having reciprocating elements such as plungers or pistons are commonly employed in oil and gas production fields for operations such as drilling and well servicing. For instance, one or more reciprocating pumps may be employed to pump fluids into a wellbore in conjunction with activities including fracturing, acidizing, remediation, cementing, and other stimulation or servicing activities. Due to the harsh conditions associated with such activities, many considerations are generally taken into account when designing a pump for use in oil and gas operations. As fluids pumped by such pumps often contain environmentally undesirable fluids, the pumps are designed for operation without leaks.

Accordingly, it is desirable to provide a pump that prevents leaking of fluid from a suction hose into the environment, even when the suction hose develops a leak, and provides an alarm system for detecting the leak before fluid leaks into the environment.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

Disclosed herein is a hose assembly that can be utilized when pumping pressurized fluids. The hose assembly comprises a pressurized hose, wherein the pressurized hose is exposed to pressure during at least a part of the operation of a pump comprising the hose assembly; and a leak detection system. The leak detection system comprises an outer hose concentrically positioned about at least a portion of the pressurized hose (also referred to herein as the “inner hose”) such that an annular chamber exists between the pressurized hose and the outer hose, whereby a leak of the pressurized hose can be detected by monitoring the hose assembly and/or a leak sensor associated therewith. The hose assembly of this disclosure thus comprises a layered construction, whereby fluid leaking from the inner layer (e.g., the pressurized hose) can be retained by an annular chamber between the inner layer (e.g., the pressurized hose) and the outer layer (e.g., the outer hose), and the leak detected before fluid leaks to the environment outside the hose assembly. As fluids delivered by the hose assembly can be hazardous and/or not environmentally friendly, utilization of the fail safe hose assembly of this disclosure can provide for safer and/or more cost efficient operation of a pump comprising the hose assembly.

In embodiments, the pressurized hose of the hose assembly can comprise a suction hose (e.g., a pressurized suction hose) that is utilized to provide fluid from a suction manifold to a reciprocating apparatus of a reciprocating pump for pumping pressurized fluid. The hose assembly is designed to prevent a fluid from leaking from the pressurized (e.g., inner hose) of the hose assembly (e.g., the suction hose) into the surrounding environment. In embodiments, the reciprocating apparatus comprises a pump having a pump fluid end with a reciprocating element disposed at least partially within a reciprocating element bore of the pump fluid end; a discharge valve assembly; a suction valve assembly coupled with a front end of the reciprocating element; and the hose assembly. In embodiments, the hose assembly comprises a suction hose fluidly connecting the reciprocating element with a suction intake manifold. In embodiments, the reciprocating apparatus is a high-pressure pump configured to operate at a pressure greater than or equal to about 3,000 psi and/or in a well servicing operation and environment.

A reciprocating apparatus of this disclosure may comprise any suitable pump operable to pump fluid. Non-limiting examples of suitable pumps include, but are not limited to, piston pumps, plunger pumps, and the like. In embodiments, the pump is a rotary- or reciprocating-type pump such as a positive displacement pump operable to displace pressurized fluid. The pump comprises a pump power end, a pump fluid end, and an integration section whereby a reciprocating element (e.g., a plunger) can be mechanically connected with the pump power end such that the reciprocating element can be reciprocated within a reciprocating element bore of the pump fluid end.FIG. 1is an elevational view (e.g., side view) of a pump10(e.g., a reciprocating pump) according to an exemplary embodiment, the reciprocating pump comprising a pump power end12, a pump fluid end22, and an integration section11. As illustrated inFIG. 1, pump fluid end has a front S1opposite a back S2along a first or x-axis, a top S3opposite a bottom S4along a second or y-axis, wherein the y-axis is in the same plane as and perpendicular to the x-axis, and a left side and a right side along a z-axis, wherein the z-axis is along a plane perpendicular to the plane of the x-axis and the y-axis. Accordingly, toward the top of pump fluid end22(and pump10) is along the y-axis toward top S3, toward the bottom of pump fluid end22(and pump10) is along the y-axis toward bottom S4, toward the front of pump fluid end22(and pump10) is along the x-axis toward front S1, and toward the back of pump fluid end22(and pump10) is along the x-axis away from front S1.

The pump fluid end22is integrated with the pump power end12via the integration section11, such that pump power end12is operable to reciprocate the reciprocating element18within a reciprocating element bore24(FIG. 2A/FIG. 2B) of the pump fluid end22. The reciprocating element bore24is at least partially defined by a cylinder wall26. As described further hereinbelow with reference toFIG. 2A, pump fluid end22of this disclosure can be an in-line or “concentric” bore pump fluid end. In alternative embodiments, described further hereinbelow with reference toFIG. 2B, pump fluid end22is a “cross-bore” pump fluid end22(also referred to herein as a multi-bore pump fluid end), which, as utilized herein, can include “T-bore” pump fluid ends, “X-bore” (e.g., cross shaped bore) pump fluid ends, or “Y-bore” pump fluid ends.FIG. 2Ais a schematic showing a concentric bore pump fluid end22engaged with a reciprocating element18.FIG. 2Bis a schematic showing a tee-bore pump fluid end22engaged with a reciprocating element18. In a tee-bore pump fluid end22, reciprocating element bore24and tee-bore25are perpendicular, making the shape of a “T”. As discussed further below, the pump10includes at least one fluid inlet38for receiving fluid from a fluid source, e.g., a suction line, suction header, storage or mix tank, blender, discharge from a boost pump such as a centrifugal pump, etc. The pump10also includes at least one discharge outlet54for discharging fluid to a discharge source, e.g., a flowmeter, pressure monitoring and control system, distribution header, discharge line, wellhead, discharge manifold pipe, and the like.

The pump10may comprise any suitable pump power end12for enabling the pump10to perform pumping operations (e.g., pumping a wellbore servicing fluid downhole). Similarly, the pump10may include any suitable housing14for containing and/or supporting the pump power end12and components thereof. The housing14may comprise various combinations of inlets, outlets, channels, and the like for circulating and/or transferring fluid. Additionally, the housing14may include connections to other components and/or systems, such as, but not limited to, pipes, tanks, drive mechanisms, etc. Furthermore, the housing14may be configured with cover plates or entryways for permitting access to the pump power end12and/or other pump components. As such, the pump10may be inspected to determine whether parts need to be repaired or replaced. The pump power end may also be hydraulically driven, whether it is a non-intensifying or an intensifying system.

Those versed in the art will understand that the pump power end12may include various components commonly employed in pumps. Pump power end12can be any suitable pump known in the art and with the help of this disclosure to be operable to reciprocate reciprocating element18in reciprocating element bore24. For example, without limitation, pump power end12can be operable via and comprise a crank and slider mechanism, a powered hydraulic/pneumatic/steam cylinder mechanism or various electric, mechanical or electro-mechanical drives.FIG. 3provides a cutaway illustration of an exemplary pump10of this disclosure, showing an exemplary pump power end12, integrated via integration section11with a pump fluid end22, wherein the pump power end12is operable to reciprocate the reciprocating element18within a reciprocating element bore24of the pump fluid end22. Briefly, for example, the pump power end12may include a rotatable crankshaft16attached to at least one reciprocating element18(e.g., a plunger or piston) by way of a crank arm20and pushrod30. Additionally, an engine (e.g., a diesel engine), motor, or other suitable power source may be operatively connected to the crankshaft16(e.g., through a transmission and drive shaft) and operable to actuate rotation thereof. In operation, rotation of the crankshaft16induces translational movement of the crank arm rod20, thereby causing the reciprocating element18to extend and retract along a flow path, which may generally be defined by a central axis17within a reciprocating element bore24(sometimes referred to herein for brevity as a “reciprocating element bore24” or simply a “bore24”, and not wishing to be limited to a particular reciprocating element18). Pump10ofFIG. 1is typically mounted on a movable structure such as a semi-tractor trailer or skid, and the moveable structure may contain additional components, such as a motor or engine (e.g., a diesel engine), that provides power (e.g., mechanical motion) to the pump power end12(e.g., a crankcase comprising crankshaft16and related connecting rods20).

Of course, numerous other components associated with the pump power end12of the pump10may be similarly employed, and therefore, fall within the purview of the present disclosure. Furthermore, since the construction and operation of components associated with pumps of the sort depicted inFIG. 1are well known and understood, discussion of the pump10will herein be limited to the extent necessary for enabling a proper understanding of the disclosed embodiments.

As noted hereinabove, the pump10comprises a pump fluid end22attached to the pump power end12. Various embodiments of the pump fluid end22are described in detail below in connection with other drawings, for exampleFIG. 2AandFIG. 2B. Generally, the pump fluid end22comprises at least one fluid inlet38for receiving fluid, and at least one discharge outlet54through which fluid flows out of the discharge chamber53. The pump fluid end22also comprises at least one valve assembly for controlling the receipt and output of fluid. For example, the pump fluid end22can comprise a suction valve assembly56and a discharge valve assembly72. The pump fluid end22may include any suitable component(s) and/or structure(s) for containing and/or supporting the reciprocating element18and providing a cylinder wall26at least partially defining a reciprocating element bore24along which the pump power end can reciprocate the reciprocating element during operation of the pump.

In embodiments, the pump fluid end22may comprise a cylinder wall26at least partially defining a bore24through which the reciprocating element18may extend and retract. Additionally, the bore24may be in fluid communication with a discharge chamber53formed within the pump fluid end22. Such a discharge chamber53, for example, may be configured as a pressurized discharge chamber53having a discharge outlet54through which fluid is discharged by the reciprocating element18. Thus, the reciprocating element18may be movably disposed within the reciprocating element bore24, which may provide a fluid flow path into and/or out of the pump chamber. During operation of the pump10, the reciprocating element18may be configured to reciprocate along a path (e.g., along central axis17within bore24and/or pump chamber28, which corresponds to reciprocal movement parallel to the x-axis ofFIG. 1) to transfer a supply of fluid to the pump chamber28and/or discharge fluid from the pump chamber28.

In operation, the reciprocating element18extends and retracts along a flow path to alternate between providing forward strokes (also referred to as discharge strokes and correlating to movement in a positive direction parallel to the x-axis ofFIG. 1and indicated by arrow117ofFIG. 2AandFIG. 2B) and return strokes (also referred to as suction strokes and correlating to movement in a negative direction parallel to the x-axis ofFIG. 1and indicated by arrow116inFIG. 2AandFIG. 2B), respectively. During a forward stroke, the reciprocating element18extends away from the pump power end12and toward the pump fluid end22. Before the forward stoke begins, the reciprocating element18is in a fully retracted position (also referred to as bottom dead center (BDC) with reference to the crankshaft16), in which case the suction valve assembly56can be in a closed configuration having allowed fluid to flow into the (e.g., high pressure) pump chamber28. When discharge valve assembly72is in a closed configuration (e.g., under the influence of a closing mechanism, such as a spring, the high pressure in a discharge pipe or manifold containing discharge outlet54) prevents fluid flow into discharge chamber53and causes pressure in the pump chamber28to accumulate upon stroking of the reciprocating element18. When the reciprocating element18begins the forward or discharge stroke, the pressure builds inside the pump chamber28and acts as an opening force that results in positioning of the discharge valve assembly72in an open configuration, while a closing force (e.g., via a closing mechanism, such as a spring and/or pressure increase inside pump chamber28) urges the suction valve assembly56into a closed configuration. When utilized in connection with a valve assembly, ‘open’ and ‘closed’ refer, respectively, to a configuration in which fluid can flow through the valve assembly (e.g., can pass between a valve body (e.g., a movable poppet) and a valve seat thereof) and a configuration in which fluid cannot flow through the valve assembly (e.g., cannot pass between a valve body (e.g., a movable poppet) and a valve seat thereof). As the reciprocating element18extends forward, fluid within the pump chamber28is discharged through the discharge outlet54.

During a return or suction stroke, the reciprocating element18reciprocates or retracts away from the pump fluid end22and towards the pump power end12of the pump10. Before the return stroke begins, the reciprocating element18is in a fully extended position (also referred to as top dead center (TDC) with reference to the crankshaft16), in which case the discharge valve assembly72can be in a closed configuration having allowed fluid to flow out of the pump chamber28and the suction valve assembly56is in a closed configuration. When the reciprocating element18begins and retracts towards the pump power end12, the discharge valve assembly72assumes a closed configuration, while the suction valve assembly56opens. As the reciprocating element18moves away from the discharge valve72during a return stroke, fluid flows through the suction valve assembly56and into the pump chamber28.

With reference to the embodiment ofFIG. 2A, which is a schematic showing a concentric pump fluid end22engaged with a reciprocating element18, concentric bore pump fluid end22comprises a concentric bore fluid end body8, a concentric pump chamber28, a suction valve assembly56, and a discharge valve assembly72. In this concentric bore configuration ofFIG. 2A, suction valve assembly56and discharge valve assembly72are positioned in-line (also referred to as coaxial) with reciprocating element bore24, i.e., central axis17of reciprocating element bore24is also the central axis of suction pump assembly56and discharge valve assembly72). With reference to the embodiment ofFIG. 2B, which is a schematic showing a T-bore pump fluid end22engaged with a reciprocating element18, T-bore pump fluid end22comprises a T-bore fluid end body8, a T-shaped pump chamber28, a suction valve assembly56, and a discharge valve assembly72. In this T-bore configuration ofFIG. 2B, suction valve assembly56is coupled with front end60of reciprocating element18and discharge valve assembly72is positioned in bore25that makes a tee with reciprocating element bore24, i.e., central axis17of reciprocating element bore24is also the central axis of suction pump assembly56and perpendicular to a central axis27of discharge valve assembly72).

Suction valve assembly56and discharge valve assembly72are operable to direct fluid flow within the pump10. In pump fluid end22designs of this disclosure, fluid flows within a hollow reciprocating element (e.g., a hollow plunger)18via fluid inlet38located toward tail end62of reciprocating element18. The reciprocating element bore24of such a fluid end design can be defined by a high pressure cylinder or cylinder wall26providing a high pressure chamber. (As utilized here, “high pressure” indicates possible subjection to high pressure during discharge.) When reciprocating element18retracts, or moves along central axis17in a direction away from the pump chamber28and pump fluid end22and toward pump power end12(as indicated by arrow116), a suction valve of the suction valve assembly56opens (e.g., either under natural flow and/or other biasing means), and a discharge valve of discharge valve assembly72will be closed, whereby fluid enters pump chamber28via a fluid inlet38. For a pump fluid end22design of this disclosure, the fluid inlet38is configured to introduce fluid into pump chamber28via a reciprocating element18that is hollow. When the reciprocating element18reverses direction, due to the action of the pump power end12, the reciprocating element18reverses direction along central axis17, now moving in a direction toward the pump chamber28and pump fluid end22and away from pump power end12(as indicated by arrow117), and the discharge valve of discharge valve assembly72is open and the suction valve of suction valve assembly56is closed (e.g., again either due to fluid flow and/or other biasing means of valve control), such that fluid is pumped out of pump chamber28via discharge chamber53and discharge outlet54.

A pump10of this disclosure can comprise one or more access ports. With reference to the concentric fluid end body8embodiment ofFIG. 2A, a front access port30A can be located on a front S1of the pump fluid end22opposite a back S2of the pump fluid end22, wherein the back S2of the pump fluid end is proximal the pump power end12, upon integration therewith via integration section11. With reference to the T-bore fluid end body8embodiment ofFIG. 2B, a front access port30A can be located on a front S1of the pump fluid end22opposite a back S2of the pump fluid end22, wherein the back S2of the pump fluid end is proximal the pump power end12, upon integration therewith via integration section11, and a top access port30B can be located on a top S3of the pump fluid end22opposite a bottom S4of pump fluid end22. Locations described as front S1, back S2, top S3, and bottom S4are further described with reference to the x-y-z coordinate system shown inFIG. 1and further can be relative to a surface (e.g., a trailer bed, the ground, a platform, etc.) upon which the pump10is located, a bottom S4of the pump fluid end being proximal the surface (e.g., trailer bed) upon which the pump10is located. Generally, due to size and positioning of pump10, the front S1and top S3of the pump fluid end22are more easily accessible than a back S2or bottom S4thereof. In a similar manner, a front of pump10is distal the pump power end12and a back of the pump10is distal the pump fluid end22. The integration section11can be positioned in a space between the pump fluid end22and the pump power end12, and can be safeguarded (e.g., from personnel) via a cover15.

In embodiments, a pump fluid end22and pump10of this disclosure comprise at least one access port. In embodiments, the at least one access port is located on a side of the discharge valve assembly72opposite the suction valve assembly56. For example, in the concentric bore pump fluid end22embodiment ofFIG. 2A, front access port30A is located on a side (e.g., front side) of discharge valve assembly72opposite suction valve assembly56. In the T-bore pump fluid end22embodiment ofFIG. 2B, front access port30A is located on top S3of pump fluid end22.

In embodiments, one or more seals29(e.g., “o-ring” seals, packing seals, or the like), also referred to herein as ‘primary’ reciprocating element packing29(or simply “packing29”) may be arranged around the reciprocating element18to provide sealing between the outer walls of the reciprocating element18and the inner walls26defining at least a portion of the reciprocating element bore24. The inner walls26can be provided by pump fluid end body8or a sleeve such as described hereinbelow. In fluid end designs such as described herein operated with a hollow reciprocating element18, a second set of seals (also referred to herein as ‘secondary’ reciprocating element packing; not shown in the Figures) is conventionally arranged around the reciprocating element18to provide sealing between the outer walls of the reciprocating element18and the inner walls of a low-pressure cylinder that defines a low pressure fluid chamber (e.g., wherein the secondary packing is farther back along the x-axis and delineates a back end of a low pressure chamber that extends from the primary packing29to the secondary packing). According to this disclosure, only a primary reciprocating element packing29is utilized, as fluid enters tail end62of reciprocating element18without first contacting an outer peripheral wall thereof (i.e., no secondary reciprocating element packing is needed/utilized, because no low pressure chamber external to reciprocating element18is utilized). Skilled artisans will recognize that the seals of the primary packing may comprise any suitable type of seals, and the selection of seals may depend on various factors e.g., fluid, temperature, pressure, etc.

While the foregoing discussion focused on a pump fluid end22comprising a single reciprocating element18disposed in a single reciprocating element bore24, it is to be understood that the pump fluid end22may include any suitable number of reciprocating elements. As discussed further below, for example, the pump10may comprise a plurality of reciprocating elements18and associated reciprocating element bores24arranged in parallel and spaced apart along the z-axis ofFIG. 1(or another arrangement such as a V block or radial arrangement). In such a multi-bore pump, each reciprocating element bore may be associated with a respective reciprocating element and crank arm, and a single common crankshaft may drive each of the plurality of reciprocating elements and crank arms. Alternatively, a multi-bore pump may include multiple crankshafts, such that each crankshaft may drive a corresponding reciprocating element. Furthermore, the pump10may be implemented as any suitable type of multi-bore pump. In a non-limiting example, the pump10may comprise a Triplex pump having three reciprocating elements18(e.g., plungers or pistons) and associated reciprocating element bores24, discharge valve assemblies72and suction valve assemblies56, or a Quintuplex pump having five reciprocating elements18and five associated reciprocating element bores24, discharge valve assemblies72and suction valve assemblies56.

Reciprocating element bore24can have an inner diameter slightly greater than the outer diameter of the reciprocating element18, such that the reciprocating element18may sufficiently reciprocate within reciprocating element bore24(optionally within a sleeve as described herein). In embodiments, the fluid end body8of pump fluid end22has a pressure rating ranging from about 100 psi to about 3000 psi, or from about 2000 psi to about 10,000 psi, from about 5000 psi to about 30,000 psi, or from about 3000 psi to about 50,000 psi or greater. The fluid end body8of pump fluid end22may be cast, forged or formed from any suitable materials, e.g., steel, metal alloys, or the like. Those versed in the art will recognize that the type and condition of material(s) suitable for the fluid end body8may be selected based on various factors. In a wellbore servicing operation, for example, the selection of a material may depend on flow rates, pressure rates, wellbore service fluid types (e.g., particulate type and/or concentration present in particle laden fluids such as fracturing fluids or drilling fluids, or fluids comprising cryogenic/foams), etc. Moreover, the fluid end body8(e.g., cylinder wall26defining at least a portion of reciprocating element bore24and/or pump chamber28) may include protective coatings for preventing and/or resisting abrasion, erosion, and/or corrosion.

In embodiments, the cylindrical shape (e.g., providing cylindrical wall(s)26) of the fluid end body8may be pre-stressed in an initial compression. Moreover, a high-pressure cylinder(s) providing the cylindrical shape (e.g., providing cylindrical wall(s)26) may comprise one or more sleeves (e.g., heat-shrinkable sleeves). Additionally or alternatively, the high-pressure cylinder(s) may comprise one or more composite overwraps and/or concentric sleeves (“over-sleeves”), such that an outer wrap/sleeve pre-loads an inner wrap/sleeve. The overwraps and/or over-sleeves may be non-metallic (e.g., fiber windings) and/or constructed from relatively lightweight materials. Overwraps and/or over-sleeves may be added to increase fatigue strength and overall reinforcement of the components.

The cylinders and cylindrical-shaped components (e.g., providing cylindrical wall26) associated with the pump fluid end body8of pump fluid end22may be held in place within the pump10using any appropriate technique. For example, components may be assembled and connected, e.g., bolted, welded, etc. Additionally or alternatively, cylinders may be press-fit (e.g., interference fit) into openings machined or cast into the pump fluid end22or other suitable portion of the pump10. Such openings may be configured to accept and rigidly hold cylinders (e.g., having cylinder wall(s)26at least partially defining reciprocating element bore24) in place so as to facilitate interaction of the reciprocating element18and other components associated with the pump10.

In embodiments, the reciprocating element18comprises a plunger or a piston. While the reciprocating element18may be described herein with respect to embodiments comprising a plunger, it is to be understood that the reciprocating element18may comprise any suitable component for displacing fluid. In a non-limiting example, the reciprocating element18may be a piston. As those versed in the art will readily appreciate, a piston-type pump generally employs sealing elements (e.g., rings, packing, etc.) attached to the piston and movable therewith. In contrast, a plunger-type pump generally employs fixed or static seals (e.g., primary seal or packing29) through which the plunger moves during each stroke (e.g., suction stroke or discharge stroke).

As skilled artisans will understand, the reciprocating element18may include any suitable size and/or shape for extending and retracting along a flow path within the pump fluid end22. For instance, reciprocating element18may comprise a generally cylindrical shape, and may be sized such that the reciprocating element18can sufficiently slide against or otherwise interact with the inner cylinder wall26. In embodiments, one or more additional components or mechanical linkages4(FIG. 4; e.g., clamps, adapters, extensions, etc.) may be used to couple the reciprocating element18to the pump power end12(e.g., to a crank arm20or pushrod30).

According to this disclosure, reciprocating element18employed in a concentric bore pump fluid end22embodiment (such as depicted inFIG. 2A) or a T-bore pump fluid end22(such as depicted inFIG. 2B) comprises a peripheral wall84defining a hollow body. In embodiments, a portion of the peripheral wall84may be generally permeable or may include an input through which fluid may enter the hollow body and an output through which fluid may exit the hollow body. Furthermore, while the reciprocating element18may, in embodiments, define a substantially hollow interior and include a ported body, a base of the reciprocating element18proximal the pump power end12, when assembled, may be substantially solid and/or impermeable (e.g., a plunger having both a hollow portion and a solid portion).

The reciprocating element18comprises a front or free end60. According to this disclosure, suction valve assembly56is coupled with front end60of reciprocating element18. In embodiments, the reciprocating element18can contain or at least partially contain the suction valve assembly56. In one aspect, the suction valve assembly56is at least partially disposed within the reciprocating element18at or proximate to the front end60thereof. At an opposite or tail end62(also referred to as back end62) of the reciprocating element18, the reciprocating element18may include a base coupled to the pump power end12of the pump10(e.g., via crank arm20). In embodiments, the tail end62of the reciprocating element18is coupled to the pump power end12outside of pump fluid end22, e.g., within integration section11.

As noted above, pump fluid end22contains a suction valve assembly56. Suction valve assembly56may alternately open or close to permit or prevent fluid flow. Skilled artisans will understand that the suction valve assembly56may be of any suitable type or configuration (e.g., gravity- or spring-biased, flow activated, etc.). Those versed in the art will understand that the suction valve assembly56may be disposed within the pump fluid end22at any suitable location therein. For instance, the suction valve assembly56may be disposed within reciprocating element bore24and at least partially within reciprocating element18in concentric bore pump fluid end22designs such asFIG. 2Aor T-bore pump fluid end22designs such asFIG. 2B, such that a suction valve body of the suction valve assembly56moves away from a suction valve seat within the a suction valve seat housing of reciprocating element18when the suction valve assembly56is opening and toward the suction valve seat when the suction valve assembly56is closing.

Pump10comprises a discharge valve assembly72for controlling the output of fluid through discharge chamber53and discharge outlet54. Analogous to the suction valve assembly56, the discharge valve assembly72may alternately open or close to permit or prevent fluid flow. Those versed in the art will understand that the discharge valve assembly72may be disposed within the pump chamber at any suitable location therein. For instance, the discharge valve assembly72may be disposed proximal the front S1of bore24(e.g., at least partially within discharge chamber53and/or pump chamber28) of the pump fluid end22, such that a discharge valve body of the discharge valve assembly72moves toward the discharge chamber53when the discharge valve assembly72is in an open configuration and away from the discharge chamber53when the discharge valve assembly72is in a closed configuration. In addition, in concentric bore pump fluid end22configurations such asFIG. 2A, the discharge valve assembly72may be co-axially aligned with the suction valve assembly56(e.g., along central axis17), and the suction valve assembly56and the discharge valve assembly72may be coaxially aligned with the reciprocating element18(e.g., along central axis17). In alternative embodiments, such as the T-bore pump fluid end22embodiment ofFIG. 2B, discharge valve assembly72can be positioned within T-bore25, at least partially within discharge chamber53and/or pump chamber28, and have a central axis coincident (e.g., coaxial) with central axis27of T-bore25.

Further, the suction valve assembly56and the discharge valve assembly72can comprise any suitable mechanism for opening and closing valves. For example, the suction valve assembly56and the discharge valve assembly72can comprise a suction valve spring and a discharge valve spring, respectively. Additionally, any suitable structure (e.g., valve assembly comprising sealing rings, stems, poppets, valve guides, etc.) and/or components may be employed for retaining the components of the suction valve assembly56and the components of the discharge valve assembly72within the pump fluid end22.

The pump10may comprise and/or be coupled (as detailed further hereinbelow) to any suitable fluid source for supplying fluid to the pump via the fluid inlet38. In embodiments, the pump10may also comprise and/or be coupled to a pressure source such as a boost pump (e.g., a suction boost pump) fluidly connected to the pump10(e.g., via inlet38) and operable to increase or “boost” the pressure of fluid introduced to pump10via fluid inlet38. A boost pump may comprise any suitable type including, but not limited to, a centrifugal pump, a gear pump, a screw pump, a roller pump, a scroll pump, a piston/plunger pump, or any combination thereof. For instance, the pump10may comprise and/or be coupled to a boost pump known to operate efficiently in high-volume operations and/or may allow the pumping rate therefrom to be adjusted. Skilled artisans will readily appreciate that the amount of added pressure may depend and/or vary based on factors such as operating conditions, application requirements, etc. In one aspect, the boost pump may have an outlet pressure greater than or equal to about 70 psi, about 80 psi, or about 110 psi, providing fluid to the suction side of pump10at about said pressures. Additionally or alternatively, the boost pump may have a flow rate of greater than or equal to about 80 BPM, about 70 BPM, and/or about 50 BPM.

As noted hereinabove, the pump10may be implemented as a multi-cylinder pump comprising multiple cylindrical reciprocating element bores24and corresponding components. In embodiments, the pump10is a Triplex pump in which the pump fluid end22comprises three reciprocating assemblies, each reciprocating assembly comprising a suction valve assembly56, a discharge valve assembly72, a pump chamber28, a fluid inlet38, a discharge outlet54, and a reciprocating element bore24within which a corresponding reciprocating element18reciprocates during operation of the pump10via connection therewith to a (e.g., common) pump power end12. In embodiments, the pump10is a Quintuplex pump in which the pump fluid end22comprises five reciprocating assemblies. In a non-limiting example, the pump10may be a Q-10™ Quintuplex Pump or an HT-400™ Triplex Pump, produced by Halliburton Energy Services, Inc.

In embodiments, the pump fluid end22may comprise an external or stationary fluid manifold (e.g., a suction header) for feeding fluid to the multiple reciprocating assemblies via any suitable inlet(s). Additionally or alternatively, the pump fluid end22may comprise separate conduits such as hoses fluidly connected to separate inlets for inputting fluid to each reciprocating assembly. Of course, numerous other variations may be similarly employed, and therefore, fall within the scope of the present disclosure.

Those skilled in the art will understand that the reciprocating elements of each of the reciprocating assemblies may be operatively connected to the pump power end12of the pump10according to any suitable manner. For instance, separate connectors (e.g., cranks arms20, connecting rods, etc.) associated with the pump power end12may be coupled to each reciprocating element body or tail end62. The pump10may employ a common crankshaft (e.g., crankshaft16) or separate crankshafts to drive the multiple reciprocating elements.

As previously discussed, the multiple reciprocating elements may receive a supply of fluid from any suitable fluid source, which may be configured to provide a constant fluid supply. Additionally or alternatively, the pressure of supplied fluid may be increased by adding pressure (e.g., boost pressure) as described previously. In embodiments, the fluid inlet(s)38receive a supply of pressurized fluid comprising a pressure ranging from about 30 psi to about 300 psi.

Additionally or alternatively, the one or more discharge outlet(s)54may be fluidly connected to a common collection point such as a sump or distribution manifold, which may be configured to collect fluids flowing out of the fluid outlet(s)54, or another cylinder bank and/or one or more additional pumps.

During pumping, the multiple reciprocating elements18will perform forward and returns strokes similarly, as described hereinabove. In embodiments, the multiple reciprocating elements18can be angularly offset to ensure that no two reciprocating elements are located at the same position along their respective stroke paths (i.e., the plungers are “out of phase”). For example, the reciprocating elements may be angularly distributed to have a certain offset (e.g., 120 degrees of separation in a Triplex pump) to minimize undesirable effects that may result from multiple reciprocating elements of a single pump simultaneously producing pressure pulses. The position of a reciprocating element is generally based on the number of degrees a pump crankshaft (e.g., crankshaft16) has rotated from a bottom dead center (BDC) position. The BDC position corresponds to the position of a fully retracted reciprocating element at zero velocity, e.g., just prior to a reciprocating element moving (i.e., in a direction indicated by arrow117inFIG. 2AandFIG. 2B) forward in its cylinder. A top dead center position corresponds to the position of a fully extended reciprocating element at zero velocity, e.g., just prior to a reciprocating element moving backward (i.e., in a direction indicated by arrow116inFIG. 2AandFIG. 2B) in its cylinder.

As described above, each reciprocating element18is operable to draw in fluid during a suction (backward or return) stroke and discharge fluid during a discharge (forward) stroke. Skilled artisans will understand that the multiple reciprocating elements18may be angularly offset or phase-shifted to improve fluid intake for each reciprocating element18. For instance, a phase degree offset (at 360 degrees divided by the number of reciprocating elements) may be employed to ensure the multiple reciprocating elements18receive fluid and/or a certain quantity of fluid at all times of operation. In one implementation, the three reciprocating elements18of a Triplex pump may be phase-shifted by a 120-degree offset. Accordingly, when one reciprocating element18is at its maximum forward stroke position, a second reciprocating element18will be 60 degrees through its discharge stroke from BDC, and a third reciprocating element will be 120 degrees through its suction stroke from top dead center (TDC).

FIG. 4Ais a schematic of a fail safe hose assembly70(also referred to herein simply as a “hose assembly”70) according to embodiments of this disclosure, coupled with a reciprocating element18. Hose assembly70comprises a pressurized hose80and a leak detection system. The pressurized hose80is exposed to pressure during at least a part of the operation of a pump10comprising the hose assembly70. The leak detection system comprises an outer hose90concentrically positioned about at least a portion of the pressurized hose70such that an annular chamber exists and/or can be created between the pressurized hose80and the outer hose90, whereby a leak of the pressurized hose80can be detected by monitoring the hose assembly70and/or a leak sensor50associated therewith. Outer hose90is not fused with pressurized hose80along the entire length thereof, such that the annular chamber between pressurized hose80and outer hose90can exist in the absence of a leak or can form (or enlarge) should fluid leak from pressurized hose80into outer hose90.

FIG. 4Bis a schematic of a cross-section along 1-1 of the hose assembly ofFIG. 4A, according to embodiments of this disclosure. As seen inFIG. 4B, at least a portion of the length of pressurized (inner) hose80is positioned concentrically within outer hose90. Outer hose90has an outer surface92(also referred to herein as an “outer circumference”92) and an inner surface93(also referred to herein as an “inner circumference”93), and pressurized hose80has an outer surface82(also referred to herein as an “outer circumference”82) and an inner surface83(also referred to herein as an “inner circumference”83). Outer hose90is concentrically positioned about at least a portion of the pressurized (e.g., suction) hose80such that an annular chamber40between the pressurized hose80and the outer hose90can contain a volume of fluid that may leak from the pressurized hose80, whereby a leak of the pressurized hose can be detected by monitoring the hose assembly70and/or a leak sensor50associated therewith. Annular chamber40may be humanly visible in cross-section as shown inFIG. 4B, or outer surface82of pressurized hose80may be positioned closely to and/or or may be in contact with inner surface93of outer hose90such that the annular space40is not humanly visible in cross-section. In an aspect, the outer circumference82of pressurized hose80and the inner circumference93of the outer hose90are about the same, or alternatively differ by equal to less than 0.5 cm, 0.1 cm, 0.001 cm, or 0.001 cm. In an alternative aspect, the outer circumference82of pressurized hose80and the inner circumference93of the outer hose90are not about the same, or alternatively differ by equal to or greater than 0.5 cm, 1 cm, 1.5 cm, 2 cm, 2.5 cm, 3 cm,4, cm or 5 cm.

In embodiments, the outer hose90of the hose assembly70is elastic, such that a leak of the pressurized hose80can be detected by visual observation of the outer hose90. In such embodiments, should pressurized inner hose80develop a leak, fluid will leak from within pressurized hose80and be contained by the annular chamber40that exists and/or forms or enlarges between outer surface82of pressurized hose80and inner surface93of outer hose90. For example, in embodiments, no annular chamber40exists prior to a leak (e.g., the outer surface82of pressured hose80is in contact with, but not fused to, the inner surface93of outer hose90), but expansion of the (e.g., elastic) outer hose90upon leaking of a fluid from the pressurized hose80creates annular chamber40, whereby the leaking fluid is contained within the hose assembly70. Alternatively, as noted hereinabove, annular chamber40can exist even in the absence of a leak. In some such embodiments, a volume of the annular chamber40may increase (e.g., as outer hose90expands, swells, balloons, etc.) when fluid leaks from pressurized hose80into outer hose90. In embodiments, a leak of fluid from pressurized hose80is visually detected by an expansion of outer hose90, for example via an increase in the outer diameter/circumference of the outer hose90and/or “ballooning” of the outer hose that forms a bulge or other protuberance that is visible via human or machine observation of the outer surface92of the outer hose90. In embodiments, the outer hose80is elastic (e.g., comprises an elastomer or elastomeric material such as natural or synthetic rubber, polyisoprene, polybutadiene, polychloroprene, butyl rubber, styrene-butadiene rubber, nitrile rubber, ethylene propylene rubber, silicone rubber, polyacrylic rubber, fluroelastomers, perfluroelastomers, etc.) and can expand to provide the (or an increased volume of) annular chamber40. The annular chamber40can contain a volume of fluid that is greater than or equal to about 1, 10, 50, 100, 200, 300, 400, 500, 600, 700, 800, 900, 1000, 2000, 3000, 4000, 5000, or 10,000 cm3, in embodiments. In an embodiment, the elastic outer hose80can expand slowly due to a slow leak of pressurized hose80, and provide sufficient volume to contain the leaked fluid without allowing it to leak to the outside environment.

With reference back toFIG. 4A, in embodiments, the leak detection system further comprises the leak sensor50. A connector51can connect leak sensor50with hose assembly70(e.g., with annular chamber40and/or the intersection of inner surface93of outer hose90and outer surface82of pressurized hose80). Leak sensor50can be in communication with the annular chamber40such that a leak of fluid from the pressurized hose80into the annular chamber can be detected by manual and/or automated monitoring of the leak sensor50. For example, manual monitoring of the leak sensor50can comprise visual observation of the leak sensor50, for example, to observe a reading or condition thereof (e.g., normal or alert). Automated monitoring of the leak sensor50can comprise, for example, monitoring of the leak sensor50by a computer100in signal communication with the leak sensor50. In embodiments, leak detection is monitored both visually by a human and automatically by a computer100.

The leak sensor50can comprise any sensor operable to detect a leak of fluid into annular chamber40. For example, in embodiments, leak sensor50comprises a pressure sensor, a flow sensor, a moisture sensor, an oil sensor, an acoustic sensor, a temperature sensor, or a combination thereof. In embodiments, the pressurized hose80has a first end81A opposite a second end81B, and the outer hose90is connected or coupled to the pressurized hose80at at least a first location91A and a second location91B such that the annular chamber40extends (or, upon formation, can extend) between the outer surface of the pressurized hose82and an inner surface93of the outer hose90from the first location91A to the second location91B, thereby providing an actual or potential annular volume. In embodiments, a length along the pressurized hose80from the first end81A of the pressurized hose80to the first location91A is less than or equal to about 10, 20, or 30% of a total length of the pressurized hose80and/or a length along the pressurized hose80from the second end81B of the pressurized hose to the second location91B is less than or equal to 10, 20, or 30% of the total length of the pressurized hose80.

The outer hose90can be connected or coupled to the pressurized hose80at the first location91A and the second location91B by any means known to those of skill in the art and with the help of this disclosure. For example, in embodiments, the outer hose90can be connected or coupled to the pressurized hose80at the first location91A and the second location91B by a component independently selected from a clamp95, a sealant96between the inner surface93of the outer hose90and the outer surface82of the pressurized hose80, a crimp97, or a combination thereof. In an embodiment, the outer hose90can be fused to the pressurized hose80at the first location91A and the second location91B.

As depicted in the embodiment ofFIG. 4A, in embodiments the pressurized hose80is a suction hose fluidly coupled with a reciprocating element18, as described hereinabove, and a suction manifold84(also referred to herein as a “stationary fluid manifold”84). In such embodiments, the hose assembly70can be utilized to provide pressurized fluid from the suction manifold to the reciprocating element18. In such embodiments, the first end81A of the pressurized hose80is fluidly coupled with the suction manifold84, and the second end81B of the pressurized hose80is fluidly coupled with a reciprocating element18.

Also disclosed herein is a pump fluid end22comprising the hose assembly70of this disclosure. According to this disclosure, the pump fluid end22is a concentric bore pump fluid end22such as depicted inFIG. 2Aor a cross-bore pump fluid end such as T-bore pump fluid end22ofFIG. 2B. As described hereinabove with reference toFIG. 2AandFIG. 2B, in addition to the hose assembly70, the pump fluid end22further comprises a reciprocating element18disposed at least partially within a reciprocating element bore24of the pump fluid end22, a discharge valve assembly72and a suction valve assembly56. The reciprocating element18is fluidly connected with hose assembly70, and is coupled with the suction valve assembly56, such that, during operation, fluid can be introduced (during a suction stroke) from suction manifold84into reciprocating element18via the hose assembly70. In some such embodiments, the pressurized hose80is a pressurized suction hose80.

In embodiments, the pump fluid end22comprises a suction valve stop for assisting closure of suction valve assembly56, as described, for example, in U.S. patent application Ser. No. 16/436,312 filed Jun. 10, 2019 and entitled “Pump Fluid End with Suction Valve Closure Assist”, the disclosure of which is hereby incorporated herein in its entirety for purposes not contrary to this disclosure.

In embodiments, reciprocating element18comprises tool engagement features on front60thereof, whereby reciprocating element18can be removed from pump fluid end22by engaging a tool with the tool engagement features, as described, for example, in U.S. patent application Ser. No. 16/411,905 filed May 14, 2019, which is entitled “Pump Plunger with Wrench Features”, the disclosure of which is hereby incorporated herein in its entirety for purposes not contrary to this disclosure.

In embodiments, discharge valve assembly72and/or suction valve assembly56comprises a valve assembly having a valve guide, as described, for example, in U.S. patent application Ser. No. 16/411,910 filed May 14, 2019, which is entitled “Valve Assembly for a Fluid End with Limited Access”, the disclosure of which is hereby incorporated herein in its entirety for purposes not contrary to this disclosure. In embodiments, a discharge valve seat of discharge valve assembly72and/or a suction valve seat of suction valve assembly56is a valve seat with supplemental retention, as described, for example, in U.S. patent application Ser. No. 16/411,898 filed May 14, 2019, which is entitled “Pump Valve Seat with Supplemental Retention”, the disclosure of which is hereby incorporated herein in its entirety for purposes not contrary to this disclosure.

In embodiments, pump fluid end22is a pump fluid end22with an easy access suction valve, as described, for example, in U.S. patent application Ser. No. 16/411,891 filed May 14, 2019, which is entitled “Pump Fluid End with Easy Access Suction Valve”, the disclosure of which is hereby incorporated herein in its entirety for purposes not contrary to this disclosure.

Also disclosed herein is a pump10comprising a pump fluid end22of this disclosure comprising the hose assembly70as described herein. The pump of this disclosure comprises a pump power end12(e.g., as described with reference toFIG. 3, hereinabove) and a pump fluid end22. The pump power end12is operable to reciprocate the reciprocating element18within a reciprocating element bore24of the pump fluid end22. As described hereinabove, the pump fluid end22comprises: the reciprocating element18, a suction valve assembly56, a discharge valve assembly72, and the hose assembly70of this disclosure. Reciprocating element18is disposed at least partially within the reciprocating element bore24, and is at least partially hollow and has a front end60opposite a tail end62along a central axis17of the reciprocating element bore24. According to this disclosure, the suction valve assembly56of pump10is coupled with the front end60of the reciprocating element18.

During operation of pump10, pressurized suction hose80of hose assembly70reciprocates with reciprocating element18, such that the second end81B of the pressurized hose80follows the path denoted by the range of motion85inFIG. 4A.

In embodiments, the pump fluid end22of the pump10is a concentric bore pump fluid end22, such as depicted in the embodiment ofFIG. 2A, and the discharge valve assembly72is positioned at least partially within the reciprocating element bore24and is coaxially aligned with the suction valve assembly56. In embodiments, the pump fluid end22of the pump10is a tee-bore pump fluid end22, such as depicted in the embodiment ofFIG. 2B, and the discharge valve assembly72is positioned within a tee-bore25of the pump fluid end22, wherein the tee-bore25is perpendicular to the reciprocating element bore24. In embodiments, pump10comprises a discharge valve module comprising discharge valve assembly72, such as disclosed, for example, in U.S. patent application Ser. No. 16/522,860 filed Jul. 26, 2019, which is entitled “Oil Field Pumps with Reduced Maintenance”, the disclosure of which is hereby incorporated herein in its entirety for purposes not contrary to this disclosure.

In embodiments, reciprocating element18is coupled with a pushrod32of a pump power end12via a reciprocating element adapter, as described, for example, in U.S. patent application Ser. No. 16/411,894 filed May 14, 2019, which is entitled “Easy Change Pump Plunger”, the disclosure of which is hereby incorporated herein in its entirety for purposes not contrary to this disclosure. As described therein, in such embodiments, mechanical linkages4can comprise the reciprocating element adapter and/or a clamp. In such embodiments, hose assembly70provides pressurized fluid to the reciprocating element adapter, which is coupled with tail end62of reciprocating element18. In such embodiments, second end81B of pressurized hose80is coupled with the reciprocating element adapter, whereby fluid can be introduced from the suction manifold84into the reciprocating element18via the reciprocating element adapter. Thus, pressurized hose80can be directly connected with the tail end62of reciprocating element18or with a reciprocating element adapter that is itself coupled with tail end62of reciprocating element18.

In embodiments, the pressurized (e.g., suction) hose80is pre-formed or molded into a shape assumed by the pressurized hose80when the reciprocating element18is positioned halfway between a fully extended position, when a crankshaft16of the pump power end12is at top dead center (TDC), and a fully retracted position, when the crankshaft16is at bottom dead center (BDC). For example, when the pressurized hose70has the range of motion85depicted by dotted lines inFIG. 4A, the pressurized hose80can be pre-formed or molded into the shape depicted inFIG. 4A, in which pressurized hose70is in the middle of the distance provided by the range of motion85. In this manner, maximum bend stresses on the suction hose80can be minimized, potentially providing a longer suction hose80lifetime prior to cracking and/or fatiguing of the suction hose80.

In embodiments, the suction hose80is exposed to a pressure of less than 300 psi, less than 200 psi, or less than 30 psi during operation of the pump10. When the pressure is low (e.g., less than or equal to about 500, 400, 300, 200, or 100 psi), a leak from pressurized hose80will result in leaked fluid slowly filling annular chamber40and, in embodiments, expansion of outer hose90. Such expansion of outer hose90may be visible to a pump operator.

In embodiments, suction valve assembly56and/or discharge valve assembly72of pump fluid end22comprises a valve poppet assembly, as described, for example, in U.S. patent application Ser. No. 16/436,356 filed Jun. 10, 2019, which is entitled “Multi-Material Frac Valve Poppet”, the disclosure of which is hereby incorporated herein in its entirety for purposes not contrary to this disclosure.

In embodiments, pump fluid end22comprises a packing assembly, such that packing29, a packing carrier, and a packing screw can be removed from back S2of pump fluid end22when crankshaft16is at TDC, as described, for example, in U.S. patent application Ser. No. 16/411,911 filed May 14, 2019, which is entitled “Pump Fluid End with Positional Indifference for Maintenance”, the disclosure of which is hereby incorporated herein in its entirety for purposes not contrary to this disclosure.

In embodiments, pump10comprises a flexible manifold for feeding fluid into reciprocating element18, as described, for example, in U.S. patent application Ser. No. 16/411,901 filed May 14, 2019, which is entitled “Flexible Manifold for Reciprocating Pump”, the disclosure of which is hereby incorporated herein in its entirety for purposes not contrary to this disclosure. In embodiments, the flexible manifold comprises a hose assembly70of this disclosure.

A pump10of this disclosure can comprise multi-layer surface coating disposed on reciprocating element18and/or a sleeve that provides cylindrical wall26, as described, for example, in U.S. patent application Ser. No. 16/436,389 filed Jun. 10, 2019, which is entitled “Multi-Layer Coating for plunger and/or Packing Sleeve”, the disclosure of which is hereby incorporated herein in its entirety for purposes not contrary to this disclosure.

A pump10of this disclosure can be a multiplex pump comprising a plurality of reciprocating assemblies (e.g., reciprocating elements18, and a corresponding plurality of reciprocating element bores24, suction valve assemblies56, and discharge valve assemblies72). The plurality can comprise any number such as, for example, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, or more. For example, in embodiments, pump10is a triplex pump, wherein the plurality comprises three. In alternative embodiments, pump10comprises a Quintuplex pump, wherein the plurality comprises five.

Also disclosed herein is a method of monitoring for leaks in a pump10of this disclosure comprising the hose assembly70. The method comprises: coupling a pump of the type described herein to a wellbore, operating the pump and pumping a wellbore servicing fluid into the wellbore, and monitoring the fail safe hose assembly70described herein to determine whether or not the pressurized hose80is leaking. As noted previously, monitoring the hose assembly70can comprise visually and/or automatically (e.g., computerized) examining the outer hose90and/or the leak sensor50that is in communication with the annular chamber40. As noted previously, any sensor operable for the detection of leaks can be utilized. In embodiments, the leak sensor50comprises a pressure sensor, a flow sensor, a moisture sensor, an oil sensor, an acoustic sensor, a temperature sensor, or a combination thereof. Monitoring of the hose assembly70can comprise automatically monitoring, via a computer100, a leak sensor50in communication with the hose assembly70, the outer hose90, the annular chamber40, or a combination thereof.

In embodiments, automated monitoring is effected via computer100, and the computer100further comprises programming configured such that, if a leak is detected, a control system110in signal communication with the computer100redirects flow of a fluid through the pump10to one or more other pumps10such that the pump10can be taken offline for repair of the detected leak. Computer100can instruct control system110to slowly redirect fluid flow to the one or more other pumps10.

In embodiments, pump10further comprises a valve disabler, whereby operation of pump10can be ceased upon detection of a leak of pressurized hose80by engagement of the valve disabler with suction valve assembly56. Such a valve disabler may be a suction valve disabler as disclosed, for example, in U.S. patent application Ser. No. 16/522,860 filed Jul. 26, 2019, which is entitled “Oil Field Pumps with Reduced Maintenance”, the disclosure of which is hereby incorporated herein in its entirety for purposes not contrary to this disclosure.

Also disclosed herein are a method of servicing a wellbore and a wellbore servicing system200comprising a pump of this disclosure. An embodiment of a wellbore servicing system200and a method of servicing a wellbore via the wellbore servicing system200will now be described with reference toFIG. 5, which is a schematic representation of an embodiment of a wellbore servicing system200, according to embodiments of this disclosure.

A method of servicing a wellbore224according to this disclosure comprises: fluidly coupling a pump10of this disclosure comprising a hose assembly70of this disclosure, as described hereinabove, to a source of a wellbore servicing fluid and to the wellbore224, and communicating wellbore servicing fluid into the wellbore224via the pump10. In some such embodiments, pressurized hose80can be a pressurized suction hose80. As detailed further hereinabove, the pump10of this disclosure comprises a pump fluid end12and a pump power end22. The pump power end12is operable to reciprocate a reciprocating element18within a reciprocating element bore24of the pump fluid end22. The pump fluid end22comprises: the reciprocating element18disposed at least partially within the reciprocating element bore24, a suction valve assembly56coupled with the front end60of the reciprocating element18, a discharge valve assembly72, and a hose assembly70of this disclosure. According to this disclosure, the reciprocating element18is at least partially hollow and has a front end60opposite a tail end62along a central axis17of the reciprocating element bore24. In embodiments, the hose assembly70of this disclosure comprises a pressurized suction hose80and a leak detection system. The pressurized suction hose80has a first end81A fluidly coupled with a suction manifold84and a second end81B opposite the first end81A and fluidly coupled with the tail end62of the reciprocating element18. The pressurized suction hose80is exposed to pressure during at least a part of the operation of the pump10. The leak detection system comprises an outer hose90concentrically positioned about at least a portion of the pressurized suction hose80such that an annular chamber40between the pressurized suction hose80and the outer hose90can contain a volume of fluid that may leak from the pressurized suction hose80, whereby a leak of the pressurized suction hose80can be detected by monitoring the hose assembly70and/or a leak sensor50associated therewith.

The method of servicing the wellbore can further comprise: monitoring the hose assembly70, the outer hose90, the annular chamber40, the leak sensor50, or a combination thereof to determine if the pressurized suction hose80has developed a leak; discontinuing the communicating of the wellbore servicing fluid into the wellbore224via the pump10upon detection of a leak; subjecting the pump10to maintenance to provide a maintained pump10; and communicating the or another wellbore servicing fluid into the wellbore224via the maintained pump10. Subjecting the pump10to maintenance comprises: replacing the pressurized suction hose80that has the leak. In embodiments, discontinuing the communicating of the wellbore servicing fluid into the wellbore224via the pump10upon detection of the leak further comprises redirecting a flow of fluid from the pump10to one or more other pumps10. As described hereinabove, in embodiments, the monitoring of the hose assembly70, the outer hose90, the annular chamber40, the leak sensor50, or the combination thereof, the directing the flow of fluid from the pump10to the one or more other pumps10, or a combination thereof is automated.

It will be appreciated that the wellbore servicing system200disclosed herein can be used for any purpose. In embodiments, the wellbore servicing system200may be used to service a wellbore224that penetrates a subterranean formation by pumping a wellbore servicing fluid into the wellbore and/or subterranean formation. As used herein, a “wellbore servicing fluid” or “servicing fluid” refers to a fluid used to drill, complete, work over, fracture, repair, or in any way prepare a well bore for the recovery of materials residing in a subterranean formation penetrated by the well bore. It is to be understood that “subterranean formation” encompasses both areas below exposed earth and areas below earth covered by water such as ocean or fresh water. Examples of servicing fluids suitable for use as the wellbore servicing fluid, the another wellbore servicing fluid, or both include, but are not limited to, cementitious fluids (e.g., cement slurries), drilling fluids or muds, spacer fluids, fracturing fluids or completion fluids, and gravel pack fluids, remedial fluids, perforating fluids, diverter fluids, sealants, drilling fluids, completion fluids, gelation fluids, polymeric fluids, aqueous fluids, oleaginous fluids, etc.

In embodiments, the wellbore servicing system200comprises one or more pumps10operable to perform oilfield and/or well servicing operations. Such operations may include, but are not limited to, drilling operations, fracturing operations, perforating operations, fluid loss operations, primary cementing operations, secondary or remedial cementing operations, or any combination of operations thereof. Although a wellbore servicing system is illustrated, skilled artisans will readily appreciate that the pump10disclosed herein may be employed in any suitable operation.

In embodiments, the wellbore servicing system200may be a system such as a fracturing spread for fracturing wells in a hydrocarbon-containing reservoir. In fracturing operations, wellbore servicing fluids, such as particle laden fluids, are pumped at high-pressure into a wellbore. The particle laden fluids may then be introduced into a portion of a subterranean formation at a sufficient pressure and velocity to cut a casing and/or create perforation tunnels and fractures within the subterranean formation. Proppants, such as grains of sand, are mixed with the wellbore servicing fluid to keep the fractures open so that hydrocarbons may be produced from the subterranean formation and flow into the wellbore. Hydraulic fracturing may desirably create high-conductivity fluid communication between the wellbore and the subterranean formation.

The wellbore servicing system200comprises a blender202that is coupled to a wellbore services manifold trailer204via flowline206. As used herein, the term “wellbore services manifold trailer” includes a truck and/or trailer comprising one or more manifolds for receiving, organizing, and/or distributing wellbore servicing fluids during wellbore servicing operations. In this embodiment, the wellbore services manifold trailer204is coupled to six positive displacement pumps (e.g., such as pump10that may be mounted to a trailer and transported to the wellsite via a semi-tractor) via outlet flowlines208and inlet flowlines210. In alternative embodiments, however, there may be more or less pumps used in a wellbore servicing operation. Outlet flowlines208are outlet lines from the wellbore services manifold trailer204that supply fluid to the pumps10. Inlet flowlines210are inlet lines from the pumps10that supply fluid to the wellbore services manifold trailer204.

The blender202mixes solid and fluid components to achieve a well-blended wellbore servicing fluid. As depicted, sand or proppant212, water214, and additives216are fed into the blender202via feedlines218,220, and212, respectively. The water214may be potable, non-potable, untreated, partially treated, or treated water. In embodiments, the water214may be produced water that has been extracted from the wellbore while producing hydrocarbons form the wellbore. The produced water may comprise dissolved and/or entrained organic materials, salts, minerals, paraffins, aromatics, resins, asphaltenes, and/or other natural or synthetic constituents that are displaced from a hydrocarbon formation during the production of the hydrocarbons. In embodiments, the water214may be flowback water that has previously been introduced into the wellbore during wellbore servicing operation. The flowback water may comprise some hydrocarbons, gelling agents, friction reducers, surfactants and/or remnants of wellbore servicing fluids previously introduced into the wellbore during wellbore servicing operations.

The water214may further comprise local surface water contained in natural and/or manmade water features (such as ditches, ponds, rivers, lakes, oceans, etc.). Still further, the water214may comprise water stored in local or remote containers. The water214may be water that originated from near the wellbore and/or may be water that has been transported to an area near the wellbore from any distance. In some embodiments, the water214may comprise any combination of produced water, flowback water, local surface water, and/or container stored water. In some implementations, water may be substituted by nitrogen or carbon dioxide; some in a foaming condition.

In embodiments, the blender202may be an Advanced Dry Polymer (ADP) blender and the additives216are dry blended and dry fed into the blender202. In alternative embodiments, however, additives may be pre-blended with water using other suitable blenders, such as, but not limited to, a GEL PRO blender, which is a commercially available preblender trailer from Halliburton Energy Services, Inc., to form a liquid gel concentrate that may be fed into the blender202. The mixing conditions of the blender202, including time period, agitation method, pressure, and temperature of the blender202, may be chosen by one of ordinary skill in the art with the aid of this disclosure to produce a homogeneous blend having a desirable composition, density, and viscosity. In alternative embodiments, however, sand or proppant, water, and additives may be premixed and/or stored in a storage tank before entering a wellbore services manifold trailer204.

In embodiments, the pump(s)10(e.g., pump(s)10and/or maintained pump(s)10) pressurize the wellbore servicing fluid to a pressure suitable for delivery into a wellbore224or wellhead. For example, the pumps10may increase the pressure of the wellbore servicing fluid (e.g., the wellbore servicing fluid and/or the another wellbore servicing fluid) to a pressure of greater than or equal to about 3,000 psi, 5,000 psi, 10,000 psi, 20,000 psi, 30,000 psi, 40,000 psi, or 50,000 psi, or higher.

From the pumps10, the wellbore servicing fluid may reenter the wellbore services manifold trailer204via inlet flowlines210and be combined so that the wellbore servicing fluid may have a total fluid flow rate that exits from the wellbore services manifold trailer204through flowline226to the flow connector wellbore1128of between about 1 BPM to about 200 BPM, alternatively from between about 50 BPM to about 150 BPM, alternatively about 100 BPM. In embodiments, each of one or more pumps10discharge wellbore servicing fluid at a fluid flow rate of between about 1 BPM to about 200 BPM, alternatively from between about 50 BPM to about 150 BPM, alternatively about 100 BPM. In embodiments, each of one or more pumps10discharge wellbore servicing fluid at a volumetric flow rate of greater than or equal to about 3, 10, or 20 barrels per minute (BPM), or in a range of from about 3 to about 20, from about 10 to about 20, or from about 5 to about 20 BPM.

Persons of ordinary skill in the art with the aid of this disclosure will appreciate that the flowlines described herein are piping that are connected together for example via flanges, collars, welds, etc. These flowlines may include various configurations of pipe tees, elbows, and the like. These flowlines connect together the various wellbore servicing fluid process equipment described herein.

Also disclosed herein are methods for servicing a wellbore (e.g., wellbore224). Without limitation, servicing the wellbore may include: positioning the wellbore servicing composition in the wellbore224(e.g., via one or more pumps10as described herein) to isolate the subterranean formation from a portion of the wellbore; to support a conduit in the wellbore; to plug a void or crack in the conduit; to plug a void or crack in a cement sheath disposed in an annulus of the wellbore; to plug a perforation; to plug an opening between the cement sheath and the conduit; to prevent the loss of aqueous or nonaqueous drilling fluids into loss circulation zones such as a void, vugular zone, or fracture; to plug a well for abandonment purposes; to divert treatment fluids; and/or to seal an annulus between the wellbore and an expandable pipe or pipe string. In other embodiments, the wellbore servicing systems and methods may be employed in well completion operations such as primary and secondary cementing operation to isolate the subterranean formation from a different portion of the wellbore.

In embodiments, a wellbore servicing method may comprise transporting a positive displacement pump (e.g., pump10) to a site for performing a servicing operation. Additionally or alternatively, one or more pumps may be situated on a suitable structural support. Non-limiting examples of a suitable structural support or supports include a trailer, truck, skid, barge or combinations thereof. In embodiments, a motor or other power source for a pump may be situated on a common structural support.

In embodiments, a wellbore servicing method may comprise providing a source for a wellbore servicing fluid. As described above, the wellbore servicing fluid may comprise any suitable fluid or combinations of fluid as may be appropriate based upon the servicing operation being performed. Non-limiting examples of suitable wellbore servicing fluid include a fracturing fluid (e.g., a particle laden fluid, as described herein), a perforating fluid, a cementitious fluid, a sealant, a remedial fluid, a drilling fluid (e.g., mud), a spacer fluid, a gelation fluid, a polymeric fluid, an aqueous fluid, an oleaginous fluid, an emulsion, various other wellbore servicing fluid as will be appreciated by one of skill in the art with the aid of this disclosure, and combinations thereof. The wellbore servicing fluid may be prepared on-site (e.g., via the operation of one or more blenders) or, alternatively, transported to the site of the servicing operation.

In embodiments, a wellbore servicing method may comprise fluidly coupling a pump10to the wellbore servicing fluid source. As such, wellbore servicing fluid may be drawn into and emitted from the pump10. Additionally or alternatively, a portion of a wellbore servicing fluid placed in a wellbore224may be recycled, i.e., mixed with the water stream obtained from a water source and treated in fluid treatment system. Furthermore, a wellbore servicing method may comprise conveying the wellbore servicing fluid from its source to the wellbore via the operation of the pump10disclosed herein.

In alternative embodiments, the reciprocating apparatus may comprise a compressor. In embodiments, a compressor similar to the pump10may comprise at least one each of a cylinder, plunger, connecting rod, crankshaft, and housing, and may be coupled to a motor. In embodiments, such a compressor may be similar in form to a pump and may be configured to compress a compressible fluid (e.g., a gas) and thereby increase the pressure of the compressible fluid. For example, a compressor may be configured to direct the discharge therefrom to a chamber or vessel that collects the compressible fluid from the discharge of the compressor until a predetermined pressure is built up in the chamber. Generally, a pressure sensing device may be arranged and configured to monitor the pressure as it builds up in the chamber and to interact with the compressor when a predetermined pressure is reached. At that point, the compressor may either be shut off, or alternatively the discharge may be directed to another chamber for continued operation.

In embodiments, a reciprocating apparatus comprises an internal combustion engine, hereinafter referred to as an engine. Such engines are also well known, and typically include at least one each of a plunger, cylinder, connecting rod, and crankshaft. The arrangement of these components is substantially the same in an engine and a pump (e.g. pump10). A reciprocating element18such as a plunger may be similarly arranged to move in reciprocating fashion within the cylinder. Skilled artisans will appreciate that operation of an engine may somewhat differ from that of a pump. In a pump, rotational power is generally applied to a crankshaft acting on the plunger via the connecting rod, whereas in an engine, rotational power generally results from a force (e.g., an internal combustion) exerted on or against the plunger, which acts against the crankshaft via the connecting rod.

For example, in a typical 4-stroke engine, arbitrarily beginning with the exhaust stroke, the plunger is fully extended during the exhaust stroke, (e.g., minimizing the internal volume of the cylinder). The plunger may then be retracted by inertia or other forces of the engine componentry during the intake stroke. As the plunger retracts within the cylinder, the internal volume of cylinder increases, creating a low pressure within the cylinder into which an air/fuel mixture is drawn. When the plunger is fully retracted within the cylinder, the intake stroke is complete, and the cylinder is substantially filled with the air/fuel mixture. As the crankshaft continues to rotate, the plunger may then be extended, during the compression stroke, into the cylinder compressing the air-fuel mixture within the cylinder to a higher pressure.

A spark plug may be provided to ignite the fuel at a predetermined point in the compression stroke. This ignition increases the temperature and pressure within the cylinder substantially and rapidly. In a diesel engine, however, the spark plug may be omitted, as the heat of compression derived from the high compression ratios associated with diesel engines suffices to provide spontaneous combustion of the air-fuel mixture. In either case, the heat and pressure act forcibly against the plunger and cause it to retract back into the cylinder during the power cycle at a substantial force, which may then be exerted on the connecting rod, and thereby on to the crankshaft.

Those of ordinary skill in the art will readily appreciate various benefits that may be realized by the present disclosure. For instance, in embodiments, the herein disclosed hose assembly can be utilized to provide fail safe (e.g., “safer”) operation of a reciprocating apparatus, such as a reciprocating pump as described herein. Although described with reference to a reciprocating apparatus, a hose assembly70of this disclosure can be utilized for safer transfer of pressurized fluid via any apparatus utilizing the hose assembly70. By providing a leak detection system comprising an annular chamber40that provides a volume for leaked fluid, as described herein, a leak of a pressurized hose80can be detected before fluid leaks into the environment surrounding the hose assembly70. That is, a volume of fluid can leak into the annular chamber40from pressurized (e.g., suction) hose80and be retained within the annular chamber40and detected before fluid leaks into the surrounding environment. In embodiments, the annular chamber40is formed by a leak. Alternatively or additionally, annular chamber40exists between pressurized hose80and outer hose90even in the absence of a leak, and can, in embodiments, increase in volume in the presence of a leak from pressurized hose80.

Utilization of a hose assembly70as a suction hose assembly of a pump10comprising a hollow reciprocating element coupled with suction valve assembly56, a conventionally employed suction chamber within pump fluid end22is not needed, and reciprocating element18can be shorter than a reciprocating element utilized with such a suction chamber.

ADDITIONAL DISCLOSURE

Embodiment A

A hose assembly for a pump, the hose assembly comprising: a pressurized hose, wherein the pressurized hose is exposed to pressure during at least a part of the operation of the pump; and a leak detection system comprising an outer hose concentrically positioned about at least a portion of the pressurized hose such that an annular chamber exists between the pressurized hose and the outer hose, whereby a leak of the pressurized hose can be detected by monitoring the hose assembly and/or a leak sensor associated therewith.

Embodiment B

The hose assembly of Embodiment A, wherein the outer hose is elastic such that a leak of the pressurized hose can be detected by visual observation of the outer hose.

Embodiment C

The hose assembly of Embodiment A or Embodiment B, wherein the leak detection system further comprises the leak sensor, wherein the leak sensor is in communication with the annular chamber such that a leak of the pressurized hose can be detected by manual and/or automated monitoring of the leak sensor.

Embodiment D

The hose assembly of Embodiment C, wherein manual monitoring of the leak sensor comprises visual observation of the leak sensor, wherein automated monitoring of the leak sensor comprises monitoring of the leak sensor by a computer in signal communication with the leak sensor, or a combination thereof.

Embodiment E

The hose assembly of any of Embodiment A through Embodiment D, wherein the leak sensor comprises a pressure sensor, a flow sensor, a moisture sensor, an oil sensor, an acoustic sensor, or a combination thereof.

Embodiment F

The hose assembly of any of Embodiment A through Embodiment E, wherein the pressurized hose is a suction hose fluidly coupled with a reciprocating element and a suction manifold of the pump.

Embodiment G

The hose assembly of Embodiment F, wherein the reciprocating element is positioned at least partially within a reciprocating element bore of a pump fluid end of the pump, and wherein the pump fluid end is a concentric bore pump fluid end.

Embodiment H

The hose assembly of Embodiment F, wherein the reciprocating element is positioned at least partially within a reciprocating element bore of a pump fluid end of the pump, and wherein the pump fluid end is a tee-bore pump fluid end.

Embodiment I

The hose assembly of any of Embodiment A through Embodiment H, wherein the pressurized hose has a first end opposite a second end, and wherein the outer hose is connected to the pressurized hose at a first location and a second location such that the annular chamber extends between an outer surface of the pressurized hose and an inner surface of the outer hose from the first location to the second location.

Embodiment J

The hose assembly of Embodiment I, wherein a length along the pressurized hose from the first end to the first location is less than or equal to about 10, 20, or 30% of a total length of the pressurized hose, wherein a length along the pressurized hose from the second end to the second location is less than or equal to 10, 20, or 30% of a total length of the pressurized hose, or both.

Embodiment K

The hose assembly hose assembly of Embodiment I or Embodiment J, wherein the first end is fluidly coupled with a suction manifold, and wherein the second end is fluidly coupled with a reciprocating element of the pump.

Embodiment L

The hose assembly of any of Embodiment I through Embodiment K, wherein the outer hose is connected to the pressurized hose at the first location and the second location by a component independently selected from a clamp, a sealant between the inner surface of the outer hose and the outer surface of the pressurized hose, a crimp, or a combination thereof.

Embodiment M

A pump comprising: a pump power end and a pump fluid end, wherein the pump power end is operable to reciprocate a reciprocating element within a reciprocating element bore of the pump fluid end, and wherein the pump fluid end comprises: the reciprocating element disposed at least partially within the reciprocating element bore, wherein the reciprocating element is at least partially hollow and has a front end opposite a tail end along a central axis of the reciprocating element bore; a suction valve assembly coupled with the front end of the reciprocating element; a discharge valve assembly; a suction hose having a first end fluidly coupled with a suction manifold and a second end opposite the first end and fluidly coupled with the tail end of the reciprocating element, wherein the suction hose is exposed to pressure during at least a part of the operation of the pump, and wherein the second end of the suction hose reciprocates with the reciprocating element; and a leak detection system comprising an outer hose concentrically positioned about at least a portion of the suction hose such that an annular chamber exists between the suction hose and the outer hose, whereby a leak of the suction hose can be detected by monitoring the hose assembly and/or a leak sensor associated therewith.

Embodiment N

The pump of Embodiment M, wherein the pump fluid end is a concentric bore pump fluid end, wherein the discharge valve assembly is positioned at least partially within the reciprocating element bore and is coaxially aligned with the suction valve assembly.

Embodiment O

The pump of Embodiment M, wherein the pump fluid end is a tee-bore pump fluid end, wherein the discharge valve assembly is positioned within a tee-bore of the pump fluid end, and wherein the tee-bore is perpendicular to the reciprocating element bore.

Embodiment P

The pump of any of Embodiment M through Embodiment O, wherein the outer hose is elastic such that a leak of the pressurized hose can be detected by visual observation of the outer hose.

Embodiment Q

The pump of any of Embodiment M through Embodiment P, wherein the leak detection system further comprises the leak sensor, wherein the leak sensor is in communication with the annular chamber such that a leak of the pressurized hose can be detected by manual and/or automated monitoring of the leak sensor.

Embodiment R

The pump of Embodiment Q, wherein manual monitoring of the leak sensor comprises visual observation of the leak sensor, wherein automated monitoring of the leak sensor comprises monitoring of the leak sensor by a computer in signal communication with the leak sensor, or a combination thereof.

Embodiment S

The pump of any of Embodiment M through Embodiment R, wherein the suction hose is pre-formed or molded into a shape assumed by the suction hose when the reciprocating element is positioned halfway between a fully extended position, when a crankshaft of the pump power end is at top dead center (TDC), and a fully retracted position, when the crankshaft is at bottom dead center (BDC).

Embodiment T

A method of monitoring for leaks in a pump comprising the hose assembly of any of Embodiment A through Embodiment L, the method comprising: monitoring the hose assembly to determine whether or not the pressurized hose is leaking.

Embodiment U

The method of Embodiment T, wherein monitoring the hose assembly comprises visually examining the outer hose and/or a leak sensor in communication with the annular chamber.

Embodiment V

The method of Embodiment U, wherein the leak sensor comprises a pressure sensor, a flow sensor, a moisture sensor, an oil sensor, an acoustic sensor, or a combination thereof.

Embodiment W

The method of any of Embodiment T through Embodiment V, wherein monitoring comprises automatically monitoring, via a computer, a leak sensor in communication with the hose assembly, the outer hose, the annular chamber, or a combination thereof.

Embodiment X

The method of embodiment W, wherein the computer comprises programming configured such that, if a leak is detected, flow of a fluid through the pump is redirected to one or more other pumps such that the pump can be taken offline for repair of the detected leak.

Embodiment Y

A method of servicing a wellbore, the method comprising: fluidly coupling a pump to a source of a wellbore servicing fluid and to the wellbore; and communicating wellbore servicing fluid into the wellbore via the pump, wherein the pump comprises a pump fluid end and a pump power end, wherein the pump power end is operable to reciprocate a reciprocating element within a reciprocating element bore of the pump fluid end, and wherein the pump fluid end comprises: the reciprocating element disposed at least partially within the reciprocating element bore, wherein the reciprocating element is at least partially hollow and has a front end opposite a tail end along a central axis of the reciprocating element bore; a suction valve assembly coupled with the front end of the reciprocating element; a discharge valve assembly; and a hose assembly, wherein the hose assembly comprises a suction hose having a first end fluidly coupled with a suction manifold and a second end opposite the first end and fluidly coupled with the tail end of the reciprocating element, wherein the suction hose is exposed to pressure during at least a part of the operation of the pump; and a leak detection system comprising an outer hose concentrically positioned about at least a portion of the suction hose such that an annular chamber between the suction hose and the outer hose can contain a volume of fluid that may leak from the suction hose, whereby a leak of the suction hose can be detected by monitoring the hose assembly and/or a leak sensor associated therewith.

The method of Embodiment Y further comprising: monitoring the hose assembly, the outer hose, the annular chamber, the leak sensor, or a combination thereof to determine if the suction hose has a leak; discontinuing the communicating of the wellbore servicing fluid into the wellbore via the pump upon detection of a leak; subjecting the pump to maintenance to provide a maintained pump; and communicating the or another wellbore servicing fluid into the wellbore via the maintained pump, wherein subjecting the pump to maintenance comprises: replacing the suction hose that has the leak.

The method of Embodiment Z1, wherein discontinuing the communicating of the wellbore servicing fluid into the wellbore via the pump upon detection of the leak further comprises redirecting a flow of fluid from the pump to one or more other pumps.

The method of Embodiment Z2, wherein the monitoring of the hose assembly, the outer hose, the annular chamber, the leak sensor, or the combination thereof, the directing the flow of fluid from the pump to the one or more other pumps, or a combination thereof is automated.

The method of any of Embodiment Z1 through Embodiment Z3, wherein the wellbore servicing fluid, the another wellbore servicing fluid, or both the wellbore servicing fluid and the another wellbore servicing fluid comprise a fracturing fluid, a cementitious fluid, a remedial fluid, a perforating fluid, a sealant, a drilling fluid, a spacer fluid, a completion fluid, a gravel pack fluid, a gelation fluid, a polymeric fluid, an aqueous fluid, an oleaginous fluid, or a combination thereof.

The method of any of Embodiment Z1 through Embodiment Z4, wherein the pump or the maintained pump operates during the pumping of the wellbore servicing fluid or the another wellbore servicing fluid at a pressure of greater than or equal to about 3,000 psi, 5,000 psi, 10,000 psi, 20,000 psi, 30,000 psi, 40,000 psi, or 50,000 psi.

The method of any of Embodiment Z1 through Embodiment Z5, wherein the pump or the maintained pump operates during the pumping of the wellbore servicing fluid or the another wellbore servicing fluid at a volumetric flow rate of greater than or equal to about 3, 10, or 20 barrels per minute (BPM), or in a range of from about 3 to about 20, from about 10 to about 20, or from about 5 to about 20 BPM.

The method of any of Embodiment Y through Embodiment Z6, wherein the suction hose is exposed to a pressure of less than 300 psi, less than 200 psi, or less than 30 psi during operation of the pump.

The method of any of Embodiment Y through Embodiment Z7, wherein the outer hose is elastic and can expand to provide the annular chamber, and wherein the annular chamber can contain a volume of fluid that is at least 1, 10, 50, 100, 200, 300, 400, 500, 600, 700, 800, 900, 1000, 2000, 3000, 4000, 5000, or 10,000 cm3.