Mechanical connection interface

The present disclosure relates to turn-to-secure connection interface for securing two components together. The turn-to-secure interface includes stop arrangements including a snap-fit feature.

TECHNICAL FIELD

The present disclosure relates generally to mechanical connection interfaces. More particularly, the present disclosure relates to turn-to-secure mechanical connection interfaces that may be used with telecommunications connectors.

BACKGROUND

A turn-to-secure connection interface is an interface that is connected and disconnected by a twisting motion. Turn-to-secure connection interfaces have been used with telecommunications connectors. For example, turn-to-secure connection interfaces have been used for securing telecommunications connectors to one another, for securing telecommunications connectors to telecommunication adapters, and for interconnecting separate pieces of telecommunications connectors. U.S. Pat. No. 7,744,288 and European Patent 2302431 disclose telecommunications connectors utilizing turn-to-secure connection interfaces.

SUMMARY

Aspects of the present disclosure relate to turn-to-secure connection interfaces for coupling together two components. In one example, the two components can be parts of a telecommunications connection system such as a fiber optic connection system. In certain examples, each of the components can be a part of a telecommunications connector or a telecommunications adapter. In one example, one of the components can include a fiber optic adapter or part of a fiber optic adapter and the other component can include a fiber optic connector or a part of a fiber optic connector. In other examples, the components can be different parts of a fiber optic connector. In still other examples, one of the components can be a dust cap and the other component can be a retention sleeve of a fiber optic connector.

In certain examples, components embodying the turn-to-secure interface are rotationally movable about a central axis relative to each other between first and second rotational states. The components can include stop arrangements that limit a range of rotational movement between the first and second rotational states. The stop arrangements can also be configured to allow the components to be axially separated from one another when in the first rotational state, and to prevent the components from being axially separated from one another when in the second rotational state.

The components can include a snap-fit arrangement for resisting movement from the second rotational state to the first rotational state. In one example, the snap-fit configuration can be designed such that the snap-fit arrangement is required to be damaged (e.g., broken) for the components to be rotated relative to each other from the second rotational state to the first rotational state. In other examples, the snap-fit configuration may be configured to flex, without breaking or otherwise being damaged, to accommodate movement from the second rotational state to the first rotational state. In certain examples, the components do not move axially relative to one another as the components are rotated between the first and second rotational states.

Another aspect of the present disclosure relates to a turn-to-secure connection interface including a first component defining an axis. The first component includes a rotational securement latch. The first component also includes a first stop arrangement including a first stop surface that faces in a first axial direction axis, and a second stop surface that faces in a second axial direction along the axis. The first axial direction is opposite from the second axial direction. The first component also includes a third stop surface that faces in a first rotational direction about the axis. The turn-to-secure connection interface also includes a second component including a rotational securement catch. The second component also includes a second stop arrangement including a fourth stop surface that faces in the second axial direction, a fifth stop surface that faces in the first axial direction, and a sixth stop surface that faces in a second rotational direction about the axis that is opposite from the first rotational direction. The turn-to-secure connection interface is positionable in a first rotational state in which the first stop surface opposes the fourth stop surface, the second stop surface is rotationally offset from the fifth stop surface, and the third stop surface is rotationally offset from the sixth stop surface by a rotation angle less than or equal to 360 degrees. The turn-to-secure connection interface is also positionable in a second rotational state in which the first stop surface opposes the fourth stop surface, the second stop surface opposes the fifth stop surface, and the third stop surface opposes and is adjacent to the sixth stop surface. The turn-to-secure connection interface is movable from the first rotational state to the second rotational state by rotating the first and second components relative to one another through the rotation angle. The rotational securement latch and the rotational securement catch circumferentially oppose one another when the turn-to-secure connection interface is in the second rotational state to resist the turn-to-secure interface from rotating from the second rotational state to the first rotational state. Contact between the rotational securement latch and the rotational securement catch as the turn-to-secure connection interface is moved from the first rotational state to the second rotational state causes the rotational securement latch to resiliently flex from a securement position to a clearance position to allow the rotational securement latch and the rotational securement catch to move rotationally past one another. The rotational securement latch elastically returns to the securement position after the rotational securement latch and the rotational securement catch have moved past one another to resist the turn-to-secure interface from rotating from the second rotational state to the first rotational state.

Another aspect of the present disclosure relates to a turn-to-secure connection interface including a first component defining a first axis and a second component defining a second axis. The first and second components are configured to be axially inserted together and mechanically coupled together when the first and second components are co-axially aligned. The first component includes a first stop arrangement and the second component includes a second stop arrangement. The first and second components are configured to be rotated relative to one another about the first and second axes between first and second rotational states when the first and second components have been axially inserted together. The first and second stop arrangements are configured to limit a range of rotational movement between the first and second rotational states. The first and second stop arrangements are also configured to allow the first and second components to be axially separated from one another when the first and second components are in the first rotational state, and to prevent the first and second components from being axially separated from one another when the first and second components are in the second rotational state. The first and second components further include a snap-fit arrangement for resisting movement of the first and second components from the second rotational state to the first rotational state.

Another aspect of the present disclosure relates to a fiber optic assembly including a fiber optic connector having a connector end. The fiber optic connector defines an axis. The fiber optic connector supports an optical fiber having a fiber end adjacent the connector end. The fiber optic connector further includes a retention sleeve. The fiber optic assembly also includes a cap that mounts over the connector end for protecting the fiber end. The cap is secured to the fiber optic connector by the retention sleeve. The retention sleeve and the cap are axially insertable together and when inserted together are rotatable relative to one another between a first rotational state and a second rotational state. The cap is axially removable from the fiber optic connector when the retention sleeve and the cap are in the first rotational state. The cap is not axially removable from the fiber optic connector when the retention sleeve and the cap are in the second rotational state. The cap and the retention sleeve include a snap-fit interface for retaining the cap and the retention sleeve in the second rotational state. The snap-fit interface is required to be damaged to move the retention sleeve and the cap from the second rotational state to the first rotational state.

A further aspect of the present disclosure relates to a fiber optic connector including a connector body defining a connector axis. The fiber optic connector also includes a retention sleeve for securing the fiber optic connector to a fiber optic adapter. The retention sleeve is mounted on the connector body and is turnable relative to the connector body about the connector axis. The retention sleeve includes a stop arrangement within the retention sleeve adapted to interface with a corresponding stop arrangement of the fiber optic adapter. The stop arrangement of the retention sleeve includes axial stop surfaces that face in opposite first and second axial directions along the connector axis. The stop arrangement of the retention sleeve also includes rotational stop surfaces that face in opposite first and second rotational directions about the connector axis.

Still another aspect of the present disclosure relates to a fiber optic adapter including an adapter body defining an adapter axis. The adapter body includes a stop arrangement integrated within an exterior of the adapter body for interfacing with a corresponding stop arrangement of a fiber optic connector. The stop arrangement of the adapter body includes axial stop surfaces that face in opposite first and second axial directions along the adapter axis. The stop arrangement of the adapter body also includes rotational stop surfaces that face in opposite first and second rotational directions about the adapter axis.

A variety of additional aspects will be set forth in the description that follows. The aspects can relate to individual features and to combinations of features. It is to be understood that both the forgoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the broad inventive concepts upon which the examples disclosed herein are based.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

FIGS.1-3depict a fiber optic connector20and a corresponding fiber optic adapter22including a turn-to-secure mechanical connection interface in accordance with the principles of the present disclosure for securing the fiber optic connector20and the fiber optic adapter22together. In the depicted example, the turn-to-secure connection interface includes a first component depicted as an outer adapter body24of the fiber optic adapter22and a second component depicted as an outer retaining sleeve26of the fiber optic connector20. The retaining sleeve26is mounted over a connector body28of the fiber optic connector20and configured to rotate relative to the connector body28about a central axis defined by the fiber optic connector20. It will be appreciated that the turn-to-secure connection interface incorporated as part of the retaining sleeve26and the outer adapter body24is adapted to retain the connector body28within the fiber optic adapter22. In use, the connector body28is inserted into the fiber optic adapter22, and then the retaining sleeve26is slid axially over the outer adapter body24to a first inserted position in which the retaining sleeve26and the outer adapter body24are at a first rotational state relative to one another. Next, the retaining sleeve26is turned relative to the connector body28and the outer adapter body24from the first rotational state to a second rotational state. In the first rotational state, the retaining sleeve26can be pulled axially from the outer adapter body24. In contrast, in the second rotational state, stop arrangements of the turn-to-secure connection interface prevent the retaining sleeve26from being axially pulled from the outer adapter body24. An internal stop, such as a shoulder within the retaining sleeve26, opposes a corresponding stop on the connector body28such that when the retaining sleeve26is in the second rotational state, the retaining sleeve26prevents the connector body28from being withdrawn from the fiber optic adapter22. In a preferred example, a snap-fit arrangement is provided for retaining the retaining sleeve26in the second rotational state relative to the outer adapter body24.

The outer adapter body24defines an adapter axis30(seeFIG.13) and the retaining sleeve26defines a sleeve axis32(seeFIG.7). The outer adapter body24and the retaining sleeve26are configured to be axially inserted together and mechanically coupled together when the outer adapter body24and the retaining sleeve26are co-axially aligned. The outer adapter body24includes a first stop arrangement34of the turn-to-secure connection interface and the retaining sleeve26defines a second stop arrangement36of the turn-to-secure connection interface.

Referring toFIGS.10-14, the first stop arrangement34includes a plurality of triangular projections38at an exterior of the outer adapter body24. The triangular projections38are spaced about a circumference C of the outer adapter body24.FIG.14shows the outer adapter body24axially cut at one circumferential location and laid flat so that the entire circumference C of the outer adapter body24and a length L of the outer adapter body24are shown in plan view. The triangular projections38are spaced uniformly about the circumference C. The first stop arrangement34also includes at least one snap-fit feature that forms part of the snap-fit arrangement. As depicted atFIGS.10-14, the snap-fit feature includes two resilient rotational securement latches40positioned on opposite sides of the outer adapter body24.

The second stop arrangement36of the turn-to-secure connection interface includes a plurality of recesses42positioned within the interior of the retaining sleeve26(seeFIGS.4-10). The recesses42are spaced uniformly about a circumference C of the retaining sleeve26. As shown atFIG.9, the retaining sleeve26has been axially cut at one location and laid flat so that the entire interior of the retaining sleeve26is visible in plan view. As shown atFIG.9, the recesses42are uniformly spaced along a circumference C of the retaining sleeve26.

The second stop arrangement36also includes a plurality of snap-fit features that are part of the snap-fit arrangement for retaining the retaining sleeve26in the second rotational state relative to the outer adapter body24. The snap-fit features are depicted as rotational securement catches44spaced uniformly about the circumference of the retaining sleeve26within the interior of retaining sleeve26. Each of the rotational securement catches44includes a ramp surface46and a securement surface48.

It will be appreciated that the first and second stop arrangements34,36are adapted to provide the turn-to-secure connection interface with a number of functions. For example, when the retaining sleeve26and the outer adapter body24have been initially inserted together, the adapter axis30and the sleeve axis32are coaxially aligned and the retaining sleeve26can be rotated relative to the outer adapter body24about the axes30,32between the first and second rotational states. The first and second stop arrangements34,36are configured to limit a range of rotational movement that is permitted between the first and second rotational states. In one example, the range of rotational movement permitted is less than or equal to 360 degrees, or less than or equal to 180 degrees, or less than or equal to 90 degrees. In the depicted example, the interaction between the first and second stop arrangements34,36limits the range of rotation between the first and second rotational states to less than or equal to 90 degrees. The first and second stop arrangements34,36are also configured to allow the fiber optic adapter22and the retaining sleeve26to be axially inserted together and axially separated from one another when the retaining sleeve26and the outer adapter body24are in the first rotational state. Furthermore, the first and second stop arrangements34,36are configured such that when the retaining sleeve26and the outer adapter body24are in the second rotational state, interference between the first and second stop arrangements34,36prevents the retaining sleeve26from being axially removed from the outer adapter body24.

The snap-fit arrangement of the turn-to-secure connection interface is configured to resist rotational movement between the retaining sleeve26and the outer adapter body24toward the first rotational state when the outer adapter body24and the retaining sleeve26are in the second rotational state. The rotational securement latches40and the rotational securement catches44are configured such that contact between the ramp surfaces46of the rotational securement catches44and the rotational securement latches40as the retaining sleeve26is rotated from the first rotational state to the second rotational state causes the rotational securement latches40to resiliently flex from a securement position to a clearance position to allow the rotational securement latches40and the rotational securement catches44to move rotationally past one another. The rotational securement latches40are configured to elastically return to the securement position after the rotational securement latches40and the rotational securement catches44have moved past one another. Once the retaining sleeve26has been moved to the second rotational state and the rotational securement latches40have moved back to the securement position the securement surfaces48of the rotational securement catches44oppose stop surfaces50at sides of the rotational securement latches40to resist the retaining sleeve26from rotating from the second rotational state back to the first rotational state.

Referring toFIGS.10and14, the rotational securement latches40on the outer adapter body24each are formed by a flexible beam62having first and second opposite ends64,66that are integrally formed and fixed with respect to the main body of the outer adapter body24. An open space or region68is defined between each of the flexible beams62and the main body of the outer adapter body24for providing space that allows the flexible beams62to flex radially inwardly relative to the adapter axis30when contacted by corresponding ramp surfaces46of one of the rotational securement catches44. The flexible beams62each include a rotational stop surface70that faces in a first rotational direction72and a ramp engagement surface74that faces in a second rotational direction76opposite from the first rotational direction72. When the retaining sleeve26and the outer adapter body24are rotated relative to one another between the first rotational state and the second rotational state, the ramp surfaces46of the rotational securement catches44engage the ramp engagement surfaces74of the flexible beams62thereby causing the flexible beams62to flex radially inwardly to permit the rotational securement catches44to move past the flexible beams62. Once the rotational securement catches44move past the flexible beams62, the flexible beams62resiliently return to their non-deflected state such that the rotational stop surfaces70oppose the rotational stop surfaces48of the corresponding securement catches48. The rotational stop surfaces48of the securement catches44face in the second rotational direction76.

In certain examples, engagement between the rotational stop surfaces70and the rotational stop surfaces48resist the retaining sleeve26from being rotated relative to the outer adapter body24from the second rotational state back to the first rotational state. In certain examples, engagement of the stop surfaces70,48is sufficiently robust that the flexible beams62are required to be damaged or broken in order for the retaining sleeve26to be moved from the second rotational position back to the first rotational position. Thus, in such situations, to move the retaining sleeve26from the second rotational position back to the first rotational position, sufficient torque must be applied to the retaining sleeve26to cause the flexible beams62to break. In certain examples, the flexible beams62can be designed to control the amount of force required to break the flexible beams62. For example, by altering the thickness of the flexible beams62or by providing regions in the flexible beams having reduced strength (e.g., notched regions, partially cut regions, etc.), the force required to break the flexible beams62can be customized for different applications (e.g., seeFIGS.22and23). In certain examples, damage to the flexible beams62can be used as a visible indicator that the retaining sleeve26has been moved from the second rotational position back to the first rotational position. The flexible beams62can thus function as tampering indicators.

Referring still toFIGS.10and14, the first stop arrangement34includes axial stop surfaces54that face in a first axial direction58along the adapter axis30, and stop surfaces55that face in a second axial direction60along the adapter axis30. The first and second axial directions58,60are opposite from one another. The first stop arrangement34also includes rotational stop surfaces57that face in the second rotational direction76. The axial stop surfaces54are defined by corners of the first triangular projections38, the axial stop surfaces55are defined by sides of the first triangular projections38that are opposite from the corners defining the stop surfaces54, and the rotational stop surfaces57are defined by sides of the first triangular projections38that extend between the axial stop surfaces54,55. It will be appreciated that the first stop arrangement34is defined in part by the first triangular projections38and in part by the rotational securement latches40.

It will be appreciated that the second stop arrangement36is defined in part by the recesses42and in part by the rotational securement catches44within the interior of the retaining sleeve26. For example, referring toFIG.9, the rotational securement catches44define the rotational stop surfaces48that face in the second rotational direction76. Also, the triangular recesses42include axial stop surfaces56that face in the second axial direction60, axial stop surfaces59that face in the first axial direction58and rotational stop surfaces61that face in the first rotational direction72. The recesses42include triangular portions63shaped to compliment the shape of the triangular projections38. Access gaps52are tapered to facilitate guiding the triangular projections38into the recesses42as the retaining sleeve26and the outer adapter body24are axially inserted together.

As used herein, a surface “faces in a direction” if the surface faces at least partially in the direction.

FIG.15shows the retaining sleeve26axially aligned with the outer adapter body24prior to axial insertion between the outer adapter body24and the retaining sleeve26. As so positioned, the triangular projections38on the outer adapter body24align with the gaps52that provide access to the recesses42within the interior of the retaining sleeve26. When the retaining sleeve26and the outer adapter body24are axially inserted together, the taper of the triangular projections38as well as the tapered configuration of the access gaps52facilitates guiding the triangular projections38into the recesses42.

FIG.16shows the retaining sleeve26and the outer adapter body24axially inserted together, with the outer adapter body24and the retaining sleeve26in the first rotational state. In the first rotational state, the stop surfaces54of the outer adapter body24oppose or engage the corresponding stop surfaces56of the retaining sleeve26to limit the depth of axial insertion that can take place between the retaining sleeve26and the outer adapter body24. Also, the axial stop surfaces55of the first stop arrangement34are rotationally offset from the axial stop surfaces59of the second stop arrangement36such that no interference is provided between the stop surfaces55,59that would prevent the outer adapter body24and the retaining sleeve26from being axially separated from one another. Thus, in the first rotational state ofFIG.16, the outer adapter body24and the retaining sleeve26can be axially separated from one another. Additionally, the rotational stop surfaces57of the first stop arrangement34are rotationally offset from the rotational stop surfaces61of the second stop arrangement36by a rotation angle A. In certain examples, the rotational angle A is no more than about 90 degrees. In one example, the rotation angle A is about 90 degrees which corresponds generally to a quarter turn of the retaining sleeve26relative to the outer adapter body24. In one example, the rotation angle A is about 45 degrees.

FIG.17shows the outer adapter body24and the retaining sleeve26in the second rotational state. To move the outer adapter body24and the retaining sleeve26from the first rotational state to the second rotational state, the retaining sleeve26can be rotated in the first direction72relative to the outer adapter body24through the angle A. When the retaining sleeve26is rotated from the first rotational state to the second rotational state, the triangular projections38are received within the triangular portions63of the recesses42of the retaining sleeve26as shown atFIG.17. As so positioned, the stop surfaces54of the first stop arrangement34continue to oppose the stop surfaces56of the second stop arrangement38. Also, the stop surfaces55of the first stop arrangement34oppose the stop surfaces59of the second stop arrangement36such that interference between the stop surfaces55,59prevents the retaining sleeve26and the outer adapter body24from being axially separated from one another. Further, the rotational stop surfaces57of the first stop arrangement34oppose and are adjacent to the rotational stop surfaces61of the second stop arrangement36to limit the range of rotational movement that is possible between the retaining sleeve26and the outer adapter body24as the retaining sleeve26is rotated between the first and second rotational states.

When the retaining sleeve26is in the second rotational state, the rotational stop surfaces48of the rotational securement catches44oppose the rotational stop surfaces70of the rotational securement latches40. In this way, the stop surfaces70,48resist rotation of the retaining sleeve26from the second rotational position back to the first rotational position. As the retaining sleeve26is rotated from the first rotational position to the second rotational position, the ramp engagement surfaces74of the rotational securement latches40are engaged by the ramp surfaces46of the rotational securement catches44causing the rotational securement latches40to resiliently flex from a securement position to a clearance position to allow the rotational securement catches44to move rotationally past the rotational securement latches40. The rotational securement latches40elastically return to their securement positions after the rotational securement catches have moved past the rotational securement latches40. Once the rotational securement latches40move back to the securement positions, the rotational stop surfaces70of the rotational securement latches40oppose the rotational stop surfaces48of the rotational securement catches44to resist rotation of the retaining sleeve26from the second rotational state back to the first rotational state.

In the depicted example, the rotational stop surfaces48of the rotational securement catches44and the rotational stop surfaces70of the rotational securement latches40are arranged generally perpendicular to the direction of rotation76required to move the retaining sleeve26from the second rotational position back to the first rotational position. Thus, it generally would be required to break the rotational securement latches40in order to move the retaining sleeve26from the second rotational state back to the first rotational state. In other examples, the rotational stop surfaces48and/or the rotational stop surfaces70may be angled relative to the direction of rotation76such that the surfaces resist moving the retaining sleeve26from the first rotational state to the second rotational state, but will cause the rotational securement latches40to flex radially inwardly to allow the retaining sleeve26to be moved from the first rotational state to the second rotational state if sufficient torque is applied to the retaining sleeve26. It will be appreciated that the amount of torque required is dependent upon the selected angles of the stop surfaces. In this type of configuration, the retaining sleeve26can be moved from the first rotational state to the second rotational state without breaking the rotational securement latches40.

FIG.18shows the fiber optic connector20aligned with a corresponding dust cap100. The fiber optic connector has a connector end102. The fiber optic connector defines an axis104. The fiber optic connector20supports an optical fiber106which has a fiber end adjacent the connector end102. In the depicted example, the optical fiber106is supported within a ferrule107. In other examples, ferrule-less connectors may be used. The retaining sleeve26is rotatably mounted on the connector body28. The dust cap100includes the first stop arrangement36. The cap100mounts over the connector end102for protecting the end of the optical fiber106. The cap100is secured to the fiber optic connector20by the retaining sleeve26. The retaining sleeve26and the cap100are axially insertable together and when inserted together are rotatable relative to one another between a first rotational state and a second rotational state in the same manner described with respect to the relationship between the retaining sleeve26and the outer adapter body24. The cap100is axially removable from the connector20when the retaining sleeve26and the cap100are in the first rotational state. The cap100is not axially removable from the fiber optic connector20when the retaining sleeve26and the cap100are in the second rotational state due to interference between the first and second stop arrangements34,36.

The snap-fit arrangement provided as part of the first and second stop arrangements34,36is configured for retaining the cap100and the retaining sleeve26in the second rotational state. In certain examples, the snap-fit arrangement is required to be damaged to move the retaining sleeve26and the cap100from the second rotational state back to the first rotational state. In this way, the snap-fit interface can function as a tampering indicator. For example, once the fiber optic connector20has been processed and cleaned in the factory, the cap100can be factory installed on the fiber optic connector20by interlocking the dust cap100with the retaining sleeve26. Preferably, the dust cap100is not removed prior to the fiber optic connector being used in the field. Therefore, when the fiber optic connector is ready to be used in the field, the field technician will rotate the outer adapter body24and the retaining sleeve26from the second rotational position back to the first rotational position thereby breaking the snap-fit arrangement. If the snap-fit arrangement has already been broken, the field technician will have notice that the fiber optic connector may have been compromised.

As used herein, the first rotational state can be referred to as a non-coupled rotational state and the second rotational state can be referred to as a coupled rotational state. In the non-coupled rotational state, the first and second stop arrangements34,36do not interlock such that the two connectable parts (e.g. the adapter body24and the retaining sleeve26) can be axially separated from one another. In contrast, in the coupled rotational state, the stops of the two components that are being coupled together to overlap one another and to prevent the two components from being disengaged in an axial direction. Further, in the coupled rotational position, snap-fit structures of the components are preferably also interlocked to inhibit the components from being rotated from the coupled rotational state back to the non-coupled rotational state. In certain examples, the snap-fit arrangement can include a detent that can be overcome when sufficient torque is applied between the components to disengage the snap-fit connection. In certain examples, the detent configuration is reusable and is designed not to break when the components are moved from the coupled rotational position back to the non-coupled rotational position. In other examples, the snap-fit configuration can be adapted as a single-use connection, and is required to be broken to move the coupled components from the coupled rotational position back to the non-coupled rotational position. In other examples, the snap-fit configuration can include a latch capable of being manually moved (e.g., depressed) from a retaining position to a release position to allow the coupled components to be moved from the coupled rotational position back to the non-coupled rotational position. In such an example, the latch may include a portion that is positioned outside the coupled components (e.g., outside the retaining sleeve26) that can be accessed to move the latch to the release position in which the latch does not obstruct rotational movement of the components from the coupled rotational position back to the non-coupled rotational position.

In certain examples, once the two components are fully axially inserted together, the components can be rotated from the non-coupled rotational state to the coupled rotational state without utilizing or requiring axial movement between the components. Thus, in certain examples, the snap-fit configuration for retaining the components in the coupled rotational state can be engaged without requiring axial movement between the two components being coupled together. For example, unlike a standard bayonet connection, one of the components does not need to backtrack in a withdrawal direction (e.g., a direction opposite from the insertion direction) to retain the components in the coupled rotational position. Further, in certain examples, the turn-to-secure interface as disclosed herein does not require a separate coil spring or other separate spring mechanism for applying axial spring load on either of the components being coupled together. In certain examples, the snap-fit connection for retaining the first and second components in the coupled rotational state can be engaged by pure rotational movement between the two components. Thus, in certain examples, an axial component movement is not required to engage the snap-fit connection between the components.

FIG.22depicts an alternative rotational securement latch40ain accordance with the principles of the present disclosure. The rotational securement latch40aincludes a beam300having opposite fixed ends. An open space is located beneath the beam300. Notches301are provided at opposite sides of the beam adjacent the ends of the beam300. The beam300has a length that extends in a direction transverse with respect to the rotational directional of movement of the first and second components being coupled together. Thus, the beam300is transverse with respect to the circumferential direction.

FIG.23shows another rotational securement latch40bin accordance with the principles of the present disclosure. The rotational securement latch40balso includes a beam310having fixed opposite ends. An attachment point311of one of the ends of the beam310has a reduced cross-sectional area as compared to the opposite end313. Open space is located between the beam310and the main body of the component to which the beam is coupled. The beam310has a length that is transverse with respect to an orientation of rotation of the components being coupled together.

FIG.24depicts another rotational securement latch40cin accordance with the principles of the present disclosure. The rotational securement latch40chas cantilevered configuration including one end315integral with its corresponding component and an opposite free end317. A portion318of the beam can be contoured to facilitate sliding a rotational securement catch over the beam. It will be appreciated that any of the beams40a-40ccan be used in combination with the rotational securement catches44previously described which are part of the second stop arrangement provided within the retaining sleeve26. Further, all of the beams depicted inFIGS.22-24have major dimensions that extend transversely relative to the direction of rotation in which relative rotational movement is generated between the first and second components desired to be coupled together.

FIGS.25-27depict a further rotational securement latch40din accordance with the principles of the present disclosure. The rotational securement latch40dcan be substituted for the rotational securement latch40and can be incorporated as part of the first stop arrangement34. The rotational securement latch40dcan be configured to provide a snap-fit connection with the rotational securement catches44of the second stop arrangement36. Unlike the previous rotational securement latches, the rotational securement latch40dhas beam340with a cantilevered configuration and a length that extends in a direction d parallel to the direction of rotation in which the first and second components desired to be coupled together are rotated when the components are rotated between the non-coupled rotational position and the coupled rotational position. The beam340has a fixed end341and a free end342. The free end342is circumferentially offset from the fixed end341. A contoured ramp feature344is defined at a location axially offset from the primary length of the beam. The ramp feature344is configured for facilitating passing the rotational securement catches44over the rotational securement latch40das the components are move from the non-coupled rotational position toward the coupled rotational position. When the rotational securement catches44engage the contoured ramp surface, the cantilevered beams flex radially inwardly to allow the rotational securement catches44to pass by the latches40d. Once the rotational securement catches44pass by the latches40dand the components reach the coupled rotational state, the beams340elastically turn to the non-deflected state and free ends of the beams oppose the rotation securement catches44to prevent rotation of the components from the coupled rotational state back to the non-coupled rotational state.

It will be appreciated that the latches40a-40dcan readily be used prevent rotation of a component such as the retaining sleeve26from the coupled rotational state back to the non-coupled rotational state. The latch40dis configured such that when latched with the retaining sleeve26, a portion of the latch40dis accessible from outside the retaining sleeve26to allow the latch to be manually flexed and released with respect to the retaining sleeve to allow the retaining sleeve to be rotated from the coupled rotational state back to a non-coupled rotational state. The latch40dand other latches discloses herein can be integrated with structures such as fiber optic adapter housings, fiber optic connector housings, dust caps, connector shrouds, and the like.

FIGS.28and29show modified configurations for the second stop arrangement36where in each figure a modified version of stop38is shown moving from the non-coupled rotational state to the coupled rotational state. AtFIG.28, stop38has been modified with a taper or chamfer38ato facilitate rotating the first and second components relative to one another. AtFIG.29, stop38has been modified with chamfer38aand recess42has been modified with a taper or chamfer to facilitate rotating the first and second components relative to one another. For example, axial stop surface59can include angled or a chamfered lead-in portion59athat is angled slightly relative a primary stop surface59b. The chamfered nature of the surfaces30a,59afacilitates rotating the first and second components desired to be coupled together from the non-coupled rotational state to the coupled rotational state. Specifically, the two components can be rotated from the non-coupled rotational state to the coupled rotational state even if initially the two parts are not fully inserted axially to one another. In the case where the two components are not fully axially inserted together at the time rotation from the non-coupled rotational state toward the coupled rotational state is initiated, the tapered lead in surfaces59a,38aengage one another and force two components to the fully inserted position as rotation occurs between the first and second components. Once the first and second components are in the coupled rotational position, substantially full contact is maintained between the stop surfaces59and the stop surfaces55. For example, stop surface55can include angled stop surface38bthat opposes surface59aand stop surface55can include angled surface59bthat opposes surface38a.

FIGS.30-32depict another fiber optic adapter400in accordance with the principles of the present disclosure. The fiber optic adapter400includes a first stop arrangement34athat is a modified version of the first stop arrangement34and that is compatible with the second stop arrangement36. Similar to the first stop arrangement34, the first stop arrangement34aincludes the plurality of triangular projections38adapted to interlock with the recesses42of the second stop arrangement36when the first and second stop arrangements are rotated relative to one another to the coupled rotational state. The first stop arrangement34aalso includes at least one snap-fit feature adapted to provide a snap-fit connection with the rotational securement catches44of the second stop arrangement36when the second stop arrangements34aand36are coupled together. The snap-fit feature is depicted as including a detent40e(e.g., a bump) adapted to engage with the corresponding one of the catches44when the first and second stop arrangements34a,36are coupled together. In certain examples, the body (e.g., the retaining sleeve26) carrying the second stop arrangement36is sufficiently flexible to enable the ramp46to ride over the detent40eand the stop48to snap over the detent40e. The detent40eis configured to retain the components desired to be coupled together in the coupled rotational state, but allows for rotation from the coupled rotational state to the non-coupled rotational state if sufficient torque is applied between the components. Preferably, detent40edoes not break when the components are rotated from the coupled rotational state back to the non-coupled rotational state. Thus, the first stop arrangement34ais adapted to be used multiple times as compared to being a single use arrangement.

Additionally, in certain implementations, the fiber optic adapter400includes a retention collar450that can be used to selectively inhibit rotation of the retaining sleeve26relative to the fiber optic adapter400from the coupled rotational state to the non-coupled rotational state. The retention collar450can be used to provide rotational locking of the retaining sleeve26with or without the detent feature40eor other type of snap-fit feature that inhibits rotation when engaged. The retention collar450can be slid between a retracted position and an extended position. As will be described in more detail herein, when in the extended position, the retention collar450inhibits rotation of the retaining sleeve26relative to the adapter400. When in the retracted position, the retention collar450allows rotation of the retaining sleeve26relative to the adapter400.

The retention collar450is mounted so as to not rotate relative to the main body of the fiber optic adapter400. For example, an internal portion of the retention collar450can interlock with a corresponding structure on the adapter400so as to prevent the retention collar450from rotating relative to the adapter400but to allow the retention collar450to be moved axially relative to the adapter400between the extended orientation and the retracted orientation. In one example, the interlock can include an axial rail that fits within an axial groove.

In certain examples, a detent arrangement457can be used to retain the retention collar450in the extended position and/or in the retracted position. In the depicted example ofFIG.31, the detent arrangement457includes a bump459disposed between first and second recesses (e.g., grooves)456,458defined in the adapter400. An inward protrusion453carried by the retention collar450snaps into the first recess456when disposed in the retracted position and snaps into the second recess458when disposed in the extended position. The inward protrusion453rides over the bump459when sufficient force is applied to the retention collar450. Accordingly, the retention collar450is held in one position until the user chooses to move the retention collar450to the other position.

It will be appreciated that the retention collar can include internal retention members455(e.g., fingers) as shown inFIG.32. The retention members455fit inside the retaining sleeve26. When the retention collar450is moved from the retracted position to the extended position while the retaining sleeve26is in the coupled rotational position, the retaining members455oppose the rotational securement catches44to prevent the retaining sleeve26from being rotated from the coupled rotational state to the uncoupled rotational state. By moving the retention collar450from the extended position back to the retracted position, the retention members455clear the securement catches44. Thereby the retaining sleeve26can be rotated from the coupled rotational state to the uncoupled rotational state. In certain examples, the retaining sleeve26is rotated when both the retention collar450is retracted and when sufficient torque is applied to the retaining sleeve26to overcome the detent40eand move the retaining sleeve26from the coupled rotational state back to the non-coupled rotational state.

In certain examples, the retention collar450can be spring biased toward the extended position. In this way, the retention collar450can automatically move from the retracted position to the extended position once the retaining sleeve26is turned from the non-coupled rotational state to the coupled rotational state. To de-couple the retaining sleeve26, the collar450can be manually slid from the extended position the retracted position against the bias of the spring to allow for rotation of the sleeve26from the coupled rotational state to the non-coupled rotational state. Insertion of the core assembly into the adapter400can cause movement of the collar450from the extended position to the retracted position (e.g., via physical contact between the retaining sleeve and the core assembly) against the bias of the spring.

FIGS.33and34depict an example fiber optic connector520in accordance with the principles of the present disclosure. The fiber optic connector520includes a core assembly522terminated to a fiber optic cable524. The core assembly522is configured to be plugged directly into an optical adapter, such as any of the optical adapter24,400disclosed herein. In certain examples, a retaining sleeve542carried by the core assembly522carries either the first stop arrangement34of the turn-to-secure connection interface or the second stop arrangement36of the turn-to-secure connection interface. The retaining sleeve542also may carry either part of a snap-fit arrangement (e.g., rotational securement latches40or the rotational securement catches44). Accordingly, the stop arrangement34,36of the retaining sleeve542may engage the stop arrangement36,34of the adapter to secure the core assembly522to the adapter.

In certain implementations, the fiber optic connector520also is configured to receive a shroud526that mounts over a core534of the core assembly522and an outer fastener528that mounts over the shroud526to allow the core assembly522to be mounted within a different type of optical adapter, dust cap, or other mating component. The shroud carries the stop arrangement and snap-fit components that engage the corresponding stop arrangement and snap-fit components on the retaining sleeve542to secure the shroud to the core assembly522. The outer fastener528has a connection interface arrangement adapted for mating with a corresponding connection interface arrangement integrated with a structure such as a fiber optic adapter, a dust cap or another fiber optic connector to provide mechanical connection therein between. In the depicted example, the connection interface arrangement of the outer fastener528is depicted as including external threads, but alternative embodiments could include a bayonet arrangement, internal threads, a stop arrangement, or other type of rotational securement arrangement. In certain implementations, the core assembly522may receive any of a plurality of shrouds that each have a different form factor or keying arrangement for mating with different types of adapters. In certain implementations, each shroud526may be coupled to any of a plurality of outer fasteners528that each have a different connection interface for coupling to different types of adapters.

In certain examples, the fiber optic connector520includes an outer dust cap530that couples to the outer fastener528and a lanyard532for tethering the outer dust cap530to the core assembly522. In the depicted example, the outer fastener528includes external threads adapted to engage with internal threads of the dust cap530to secure the dust cap over the core of the core assembly522. When it is desired to optically connect the fiber optic connector520to another fiber optic connector, either directly or through an intermediate fiber optic adapter, the outer dust cap530is disengaged from the outer fastener528thereby allowing the outer fastener528to be used to secure the fiber optic connector520to a mating fiber optic connector or fiber optic adapter.

The core534of the core assembly522includes an end536supporting a ferrule538(seeFIG.36). It will be appreciated that the ferrule538is adapted for supporting an end portion of an optical fiber539corresponding to the fiber optic cable524. As shown atFIGS.33and35, the ferrule538is protected by a removable inner dust cap540. The core assembly522also includes a retaining sleeve542for securing the core assembly522to a rear end544of the shroud526. It will be appreciated that the shroud526fits over the core534and can include a key arrangement546adapted to mate with a corresponding arrangement provided in a fiber optic adapter to ensure the fiber optic connector520is inserted into the fiber optic adapter at a particular rotational position. In certain examples, different shrouds having different configurations can be interchangeably mounted over the core534to provide compatibility with different types of fiber optic adapters (e.g., see U.S. Pat. No. 9,733,436, which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety).

It will be appreciated that a turn-to-secure connection interface can also be provided between the rear end544of the shroud526and the retaining sleeve542. For example, rear end544of the shroud526can include a stop arrangement that interlocks with a corresponding stop arrangement of the retaining sleeve542when the retaining sleeve542and the rear end544of the shroud526are rotationally locked together (i.e., moved from a first rotational state in which the parts can be axially separated from one another to a second rotational state in which the parts are prevented from being axially separated from one another). The stop arrangements can be of the type previously described herein.

The interface can also include a snap-fit arrangement for retaining the retaining sleeve542in an interlocked rotational position (e.g., the second rotational state) relative to the rear end544of the shroud526. In the depicted example, the snap-fit arrangement includes resilient latches548provided on the shroud526(seeFIG.41) that interlock with corresponding catches550(e.g., stops) of the retaining sleeve542(seeFIG.36) when the retaining sleeve542is rotated relative to the shroud526to a retaining rotational position (e.g., the second rotational state). Engagement (e.g., latching) between the resilient latches548and the catches550prevents the retaining sleeve542from being rotated relative to the shroud526from the retaining rotational position back to the release rotational position (e.g., the first rotational state). It will be appreciated that when the retaining sleeve542is in the retaining rotational position relative to the shroud526, the retaining sleeve542and the shroud526are locked together. By contrast, when the retaining sleeve542is in the release rotational position relative to the shroud526, the retaining sleeve542and the shroud526can be axially separated from one another.

Referring toFIGS.35and37-41, the resilient latches548of the snap-fit arrangement include release actuation portions552(e.g., tabs, buttons, bumps, etc.) that are exposed and accessible when the retaining sleeve542and the shroud526are mated together in the retaining rotational position (e.g., seeFIG.39). The latches548include engagement portions551that project axially from the release actuation portions552(seeFIGS.40and41). The engagement portions551move in unison with the release actuation portions552. The engagement portions551have stop surfaces549(FIG.41) that are adapted to engage the stops550of the retaining sleeve542(seeFIG.36) to provide rotational locking. For example, the engagement with the ramped portion of the catches550deflects the engagement portions551(and hence the release actuation portions552) inward to a non-latching position until the engagement portion551clears the stop550. Then the engagement portion551undeflects back to the latching position where the stop surface549abuts the shoulder of the stop550. The release actuation portions552of the latches548can be depressed to move the engagement portions551of the resilient latches548from a latching position to a non-latching position where the stop surface549clears the catch550. The resilient latches548are preferably spring-biased toward the latching position. When the resilient latches548have been depressed to the non-latching position, the snap-fit interface does not prevent the retaining sleeve542from being rotated relative to the shroud526from the retaining rotational position to the release rotational position.

When the outer fastener528is mounted over the shroud526as shown atFIG.34, the outer fastener528covers and blocks access to the release actuation portions552. Therefore, while the outer fastener528is mounted over the shroud526, the release actuation portions552are inaccessible and the retaining sleeve542is prevented by the snap-fit interface from being rotated from its retaining rotational position to its release rotational position relative to the shroud526. To access the release actuation portions552, the outer fastener528can be removed from the shroud526by detaching the lanyard532from the outer fastener528and then breaking the outer fastener528. In certain examples, the outer fastener528can include a predefined break location560(seeFIG.42). In one example, the pre-defined break location560can include a predefined break line561defined by a line of reduced cross-sectional area defined through a thickness of the fastener528. The reduced thickness can be provided by a longitudinal slit provided axially along the body of the outer fastener528.

In certain examples, a tool carried by the outer dust cap530can be used to break the outer fastener528along the predefined break line. In one example, a pry tool570can be integrated with the outer dust cap530. The pry tool570can be configured to fit within a pry tool receiving notch572defined by the outer fastener528at the predefined break location. By inserting the pry tool570in the pry tool receiving notch572and twisting the dust cap, the outer fastener528can be cracked along the longitudinal break line561or lines. In one example, break locations560are provided at opposite sides of the fastener528to allow the fastener528to be broken in half by breaking the fastener528at each of the break locations560.

It will be appreciated that during assembly of the fiber optic connector520, a rear end of the lanyard532and the outer fastener528are initially inserted over the core assembly522. Next, the shroud526is inserted over the core534of the core assembly522and the retaining sleeve542of the core assembly522is interlocked with the rear end544of the shroud526to mechanically couple the shroud526to the core assembly524. The outer fastener528is then slid forwardly over the shroud526past fastener latches580(FIG.37) that function to retain the outer fastener528on the shroud526. It will be appreciated that the outer fastener528can rotate about the shroud526. Thereafter, the front end of the lanyard532can be coupled to the outer dust cap530and the outer dust cap can be secured to the remainder of the fiber optic connector by threading the threaded interface of the outer fastener528into the threaded interface of the outer dust cap530. The fastener latches580prevent the outer fastener528from being removed from the shroud526without breaking the outer fastener528at the predefined break location.

Referring toFIG.45, the dust cap530, lanyard532, fastener528and shroud526ofFIG.33can form an assembly531that is pre-assembled together prior to connection to the core assembly522. As depicted, one end of the lanyard532couples to the dust cap530(e.g., adjacent the front end of the dust cap) and the opposite end of the lanyard couples to the outer fastener528(e.g., adjacent a rear end of the fastener). A forward portion of the shroud526fits within the dust cap530and the fastener528mounts over a rear portion of the shroud526. The fastener528couples to the dust cap530by a turn-to-secure connection and retains the shroud526within the dust cap530. The pre-assembled nature of the assembly531prevents the loss of parts and facilitates use in the field. In certain examples, the core assembly522can be coupled to the shroud526via a turn-to-secure connection without requiring disassembly of the assembly531. For example, the core534of the core assembly522is inserted into the shroud526through a rear end the shroud526which is accessible at a rear end of the assembly531. Also, the retaining sleeve542of the core assembly522is interlocked with the rear end544of the shroud526to mechanically couple the shroud526to the core assembly524. It will be appreciated that a turn-to-secure connection interface at the rear end544of the shroud526is accessible at the rear end of the assembly531for coupling with the retaining sleeve542. In other examples, at least partial disassembly of the assembly531may be required for connection to the core assembly522.

It will be appreciated that the first and second stop arrangements disclosed herein provide two separate interlock functions when in the coupled rotational state. One of the interlock function provides interlocking features that interlock to resist axial movement between the two components desired to be coupled together. For example, the axial interlock features interlock to prevent a first one of the components from being axially disengaged or withdrawn from the second component. A second interlocking feature can be provided by a snap-fit feature that functions to prevent rotational movement between the two components when the two components are in the coupled rotational state. The second interlocking feature functions to prevent or resist the components from being rotated from the coupled rotational state in which the components are axially secured together to the non-coupled rotational state in which the two components can be axially separated from one another. The components can include fiber optic connectors, connector retention sleeves, fiber optic adapters, dust caps, retention sleeves, rotatable fastening elements, connector pieces, connector shrouds, and the like.