Bag making, filling, and packaging method and apparatus

A method and apparatus for sealing and closing an end of a sleeve, more particularly an apparatus and method for bag making, filling, and packaging for intermittently delivering a packaging film of a predetermined length, while forming the film into a tubular shape by a bag making cylindrical body; filling the tubular packaging film with a material to be packaged; and clamping the tubular film by closing a pair of opposed sealing devices to heat seal the tubular film. Apparatus is provided for cooling the heat sealed end of the tubular film by a device which is independent of the sealing device. The heat sealed end of the tubular sleeve is positioned and directly engaged by the cooling members which serves to shorten the cooling time, yet provides an improved seal with an improved appearance.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
1. Field of the Invention 
The present invention relates to a bag making apparatus and, more 
particularly, to a bag making, filling and packaging apparatus including 
means for intermittently delivering a packaging film of a predetermined 
length, while forming the film into a tubular film by a bag making 
cylindrical body; filling the tubular packaging film with a material to be 
packaged; and clamping the tubular film by closing a pair of opposed 
transverse sealing devices to heat seal the tubular film in the width 
direction. More particularly, the invention relates to such an apparatus 
in which a sealed portion of the packaging film is cooled after heat 
sealing. 
2. Description of Background and Pertinent Information 
Bag making, filling and packaging apparatus of the above-mentioned type 
have been known. For instance, Japanese Laid-Open Patent Application 
(KOKAI) No. 50-78487 (1975) discloses an apparatus in which blow-off ports 
are provided on the upper and lower sides of transverse sealing devices, 
the ports being opened toward a sealed portion of a packaging film, and 
cooling air is blown from the blow-off ports immediately after heat 
sealing, thereby cooling the sealed portion. 
3. Problems Solved by the Invention 
In such a conventional bag making, filling and packaging apparatus, 
however, each of the blow-off ports is disposed remote from the transverse 
sealing device so as not to interfere with the forward and backward 
movements of the sealing devices. Consequently, a relatively long time is 
taken to completely cool the sealed portion and a high-speed operation of 
the apparatus cannot be achieved. In addition, shortening the cooling time 
to obviate this problem results in incomplete cooling, which tends to 
cause delamination of the sealed portion, particularly where the material 
to be packaged is heavy. 
This type of bag making, filling and packaging apparatus has the further 
problem that the surface of the sealed portion is rugged, and is not 
smooth, resulting in a poorer appearance and a further lowered sealing 
effect. 
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
In view of the problems mentioned above in the prior art, the present 
invention is directed to an apparatus for sealing and closing an end of a 
sleeve including a heat sealing device for sealing a first portion of the 
end of the sleeve for closing the end of the sleeve, in which a device is 
provided for cooling the end of the sleeve after it has been heat sealed. 
The invention particularly includes an apparatus for driving the heat 
sealing device toward and away from the end of the sleeve as well as a 
separate driving device for moving the cooling device toward and away from 
the end of the sleeve. After the end of the sleeve has been heat sealed 
but before it has been cooled, a device is provided to move the end of the 
sleeve proximate the cooling device, after which the cooling device is 
moved toward the end of the sleeve. 
According to a further aspect of the present invention, the cooling device 
is configured and arranged to directly contact the end of the sealed 
sleeve. 
According to a further aspect of the present invention, the cooling device 
includes at least one cooling member having a passage therein for a liquid 
or gaseous cooling fluid for cooling the cooling member. 
According to a still further aspect of the present invention, the cooling 
device includes a pair of opposed cooling members which are operatively 
associated with the apparatus for driving the cooling members for movement 
between an extended cooling position, in which the pair of cooling members 
are moved together and the end of the sleeve is engaged between the pair 
of cooling members, and a retracted position, in which the pair of cooling 
members are moved apart from the extended position. 
According to a still further aspect of the present invention, a mechanism 
is provided for moving the end of the sleeve to a position adjacent the 
cooling device after the end of the sleeve has been sealed. 
According to a still further aspect of the present invention, the sleeve of 
material is fed along a feeding passage by an apparatus which is either 
independent of or, alternatively, comprises the device for moving the end 
of the sleeve adjacent the cooling device. 
In the embodiment in which the device for moving an end of the sleeve of 
material adjacent the cooling device is separate from the feeding 
apparatus, the moving device can be mounted for movement transverse of the 
feeding passage, which thereby retracts the end of the sleeve from along 
the feeding passage. 
Alternatively, when the moving device and feeding apparatus are the same, 
after the end of the sleeve has been sealed, it is then moved a 
predetermined about along the direction of the feeding passage to its 
position adjacent the cooling device. 
According to a still further aspect of the present invention, the moving 
device can be mounted for movement on a portion of the cooling device so 
that the cooling device engages the sleeve before the portion of the 
cooling device engages the sleeve. 
According to a still further aspect of the present invention, an apparatus 
is provided for intermittently feeding a continuous length of the sleeve 
of material. 
According to a still further aspect of the present invention, a device is 
provided for clamping a further portion of the sleeve upstream of the 
sealed portion. The sleeve is then cut downstream of the clamping device 
for defining the end of the sleeve. By this means, an upstream end of a 
downstream sleeve is defined, wherein the apparatus further includes a 
device for sealing and cooling the upstream end of the downstream sleeve. 
According to a still further aspect of the present invention, the apparatus 
includes, located upstream of the clamping device, a device for supporting 
an outer surface of the sleeve and for holding material inserted within 
the sleeve. 
The present invention is further directed to a bag making apparatus 
including a device for intermittently delivering a packaging film by a 
predetermined length while forming the film into a tubular shape by a bag 
making cylindrical body and for permitting the tubular packaging film to 
be filled with a packaging material. The apparatus includes a transverse 
sealing device on either side of a feeding passage for the packaging film, 
and a drive device for moving the sealing devices toward and away from the 
feeding passage. Further, a pair of opposed cooling members are provided 
adjacent the transverse sealing devices, and a second drive device is 
provided for moving the cooling members toward and away from the feeding 
passage. This second drive device is separate from the first device 
provided for the sealing devices. Further, a feeding device is provided 
for moving a portion of the packaging film to be sealed to a position 
between the cooling members and the transverse sealing devices are moved 
away from the feeding passage. 
According to a further embodiment of the invention, the pair of cooling 
members are located on an upstream-side of the transverse sealing devices, 
wherein the feeding device is a tuck-up guide located on the upstream side 
of the cooling members which is advanced into and retracted from the 
feeding passage for the packaging film in conjunction with the cooling 
members. 
According to an alternative embodiment, the pair of cooling members are 
disposed on the downstream-side of the transverse sealing devices, and the 
feeding device is a delivery belt disposed on the outer periphery of the 
bag making cylindrical body, the delivery belt being moved in the 
packaging film delivery direction when the portion to be sealed is moved. 
According to a further alternative embodiment, the pair of cooling members 
are disposed on the upstream-side of the transverse sealing devices, and 
the feeding device is a delivery belt disposed on the outer periphery of 
the bag making cylindrical body, the delivery belt being moving in the 
direction opposite to the packaging film delivery direction when the 
portion sealed is to be moved. 
The method of the present invention includes positioning a sleeve of 
material along a feeding passage; heat sealing an end of the sleeve with a 
heat sealing device; moving the heat sealed end of the sleeve proximate a 
cooling device; and moving a cooling device toward the heat sealed end of 
the sleeve for cooling the end of the sleeve. 
Further according to the method of the invention, the heat sealing device 
is moved away from end of the sleeve before the step of cooling the heat 
sealed end of the sleeve is completed. 
Still further according to the method of the invention, the step of moving 
the cooling device includes engaging the heat sealed end of the device 
with the cooling device. 
Still further according to the method of the invention, the step of moving 
the heat sealed end of the sleeve proximate a cooling device includes 
feeding a portion of the sleeve, located upstream of the heat sealed end, 
transverse of the feeding passage. 
According to one embodiment of the method, the step of positioning the 
sleeve includes feeding the sleeve in a downstream direction along the 
feeding passage. 
Further according to this embodiment, the step of moving the heat sealed 
end of the sleeve proximate a cooling device includes moving the sleeve in 
the downstream direction. 
Alternatively, the step of moving the heat sealed end of the sleeve 
proximate a cooling device includes moving the sleeve in a direction 
opposite to the downstream direction. 
The method of the present invention can be characterized as a method of 
making, filling, and packaging a bag, including moving a pair of opposed 
heat sealing members toward each other for heat sealing an end of a length 
of a sleeve of packaging material; moving the heat sealed end of the 
sleeve proximate a cooling device separate from the heat sealing members; 
engaging the heat sealed end of the sleeve with the cooling device; 
supporting a portion of the length of the sleeve and filling the length of 
the sleeve with material to be packaged; intermittently feeding the length 
of the sleeve filled with the material; clamping a portion of the sleeve; 
and severing and sealing a second end of the sleeve to thereby define a 
packaged bag.

DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS 
In consideration of the above-mentioned circumstances of the prior art, it 
is an object of the present invention to completely cool the sealed 
portion in a relatively short time after heat sealing and to prevent the 
surface of the sealed portion from becoming rugged. 
The technical means provided by the present invention for solving the 
above-mentioned problems includes a pair of opposed cooling members 
laterally disposed on the upstream or downstream side of transverse 
sealing devices with respect to a feeding passage for a packaging film, so 
that the cooling members can be opened and closed by a drive source 
separate from that for the transverse sealing devices. Feeding means is 
provided for moving a portion of the packaging film to be sealed to a 
position between the cooling members as the transverse sealing devices are 
opened. 
It is preferable that the pair of cooling members are laterally disposed on 
the upstream side of the transverse sealing devices so that the cooling 
members can be opened and closed, and that the feeding means is a tuck-up 
guide disposed on the upstream side of the cooling members and advanced 
into and retracted from the feeding passage for the packaging film in 
conjunction with the operation of the cooling members. 
In addition, the pair of cooling members may be, alternatively, laterally 
disposed on the downstream side of the transverse sealing devices, and the 
feeding means may be a delivery belt disposed at the outer periphery of a 
bag making cylindrical body, the delivery belt being moved in the 
packaging film delivery direction when the portion to be sealed of the 
packaging film is moved. 
Further, the pair of cooling members may be, alternatively, laterally 
disposed on the upstream side of the transverse sealing devices, and the 
feeding means may be a delivery belt disposed at the outer periphery of 
the bag making cylindrical body, the delivery belt being moved in the 
direction opposite to the packaging film delivery direction when the 
portion to be sealed is moved. 
The present invention, by the above-mentioned technical means, ensures that 
the sealed portion is positioned between the cooling members by the 
feeding means, more particularly by projecting the tuck-up guide or by 
re-driving the delivery belt, as the transverse sealing devices are opened 
immediately after heat sealing, and then the sealed portion is clamped by 
closing the cooling members to thereby directly cool the sealed portion. 
An embodiment of the present invention will now be described with 
particular reference to the drawings. 
In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, each transverse sealing device 3 is 
provided with a pair of sealing surfaces 3a extending substantially 
parallel in the packaging film delivery direction, vertical as shown, and 
a cutter 4 is provided between the upper and lower sealing surfaces 3a, 3a 
of one of the transverse sealing devices 3 so that the cutter can be 
advanced into and retracted from a feeding passage a for the packaging 
film. Two delivery belts 2, 2 disposed at the periphery of and on the 
opposite sides of a bag making cylindrical body are driven, whereby a 
packaging film A made, for example, of a thermoplastic synthetic resin 
such as polyethylene, is intermittently delivered by a predetermined 
length at a time and is formed into a tubular shape. As the transverse 
sealing devices 3, 3 are closed relative to each other, the packaging film 
A is clamped, whereby .heat sealing is applied to the packaging film A in 
the width direction at two places in parallel at portions A.sub.1, 
A.sub.2, thereby forming bag bodies A.sub.3, A.sub.4, as illustrated in 
FIGS. 3 and 4. The cutter 4 is projected between the upper and lower 
sealed portions A.sub.1 and A.sub.2, thereby cutting the packaging film to 
separate the bag bodies. 
On the upstream side or on the downstream side of the transverse sealing 
devices 3, 3 with respect to the movement of the packaging film through 
the feeding passage a, a pair of cooling members 5, 5 are disposed 
opposite to each other with the feeding passage therebetween. 
Each cooling member 5 is provided at its tip surface with a vertical smooth 
cooling surface 5a having a lateral size approximately equal to the 
lateral width of the sealing surface 3a of the transverse sealing device 
3, and is provided therein with a passage 5b bored proximate and along the 
cooling surface 5a for supplying cooling water or cooling air. The cooling 
members 5, 5 are fixed, respectively, to a pair of movable bodies 6, 6 
laterally disposed so as to be capable of being opened and closed in the 
same direction as the moving direction of the transverse sealing devices 
3, 3 by a drive source (not shown) separate from that for the transverse 
sealing devices 3, 3, with each cooling surface 5a facing the feeding 
passage a for the packaging film. 
In the embodiment illustrated, the cooling members 5, 5 are disposed on the 
upstream side, namely, the upper side of the transverse sealing devices 3, 
3, and each movable body 6 is provided with an upper clamp 7 provided with 
a pressing surface 7a at its end on the side of the feeding passage a for 
the packaging film, and is also provided with a packaged material holder 8 
gradually slanted downstream as the feeding passage a is approached. The 
upper clamps 7 can contact and separate from each other, and the packaged 
material holders 8 can contact and separate from each other as the moving 
bodies 6 are reciprocated. In an initial state, the cooling surface 5a of 
one of the cooling members 5 is retracted from the feeding passage a for 
the packaging film, as compared with the pressing surface 7a of the upper 
clamp 7 disposed on one movable body 6, whereas the cooling surface 5a of 
the other cooling member 5 is disposed to be substantially flush with the 
pressing surface 7a on the other movable body 6. 
The feeding passage a for the packaging film is provided with a feeding 
device for moving the upstream-side sealed portion a.sub.1 of the 
packaging film A to the side of the cooling members 5, 5. 
The feeding device, in this embodiment, is a tuck-up guide 9 laterally 
disposed on the upstream side of one of the cooling members 5, which is 
retracted from the feeding passage a for the packaging film. This one of 
the cooling members 5 and the tuck-up guide 9 can be advanced into and 
retracted from the feeding passage a for the packaging film by a drive 
source 10 such as, for instance, an air cylinder, separate from the drive 
source for the cooling members 5, 5. 
The tuck-up guide 9 is provided in the form of a strip having a lateral 
width approximately equal to the lateral width of the cooling surface 5a 
of the cooling member 5, and upper and lower surfaces thereof on the side 
of the feeding passage a for the packaging film are slanted in a tapered 
manner so that the material thickness of the guide 9 is gradually reduced 
as the feeding passage a is approached. The tip edge 9a of the tuck-up 
guide 9, in the mounted state thereof protrudes toward the feeding passage 
a for the packaging film beyond the cooling surface 5a of the one of the 
cooling members 5 which is retracted, and is disposed to be flush with the 
pressing surface 7a of one of the upper clamps 7. 
The tuck-up guide 9 is provided therein with an air passage 9b bored along 
the tip edge 9a for supplying compressed air, and a plurality of jet holes 
9c are bored from the air passage 9b toward the front side of the cooling 
surface 5a of the retracted cooling member 5. 
Further, on the downstream side of each of the transverse sealing devices 
3, a lower clamp 11 provided with a pressing portion 11a at its end on the 
side of the feeding passage a for the packaging film is disposed so as to 
be movable in the same direction as the moving direction of the transverse 
sealing devices 3, 3. Each lower clamp 11 is so disposed that the pressing 
portion 11a thereof is protruded toward the feeding passage a beyond the 
sealing surface 3a at the time of maximum projection. Each pressing 
portion 11a is constantly elastically pushed towards the feeding passage a 
by an elastic member 12 such as a spring. 
Each pressing portion 11a is provided therein with an air passage 11b for 
supplying cooling air, and a plurality of ejection holes 11c are bored 
from the air passage 11b toward the front side of the downstream-side 
sealing surface 3a. 
The operation of the bag making, filling and packaging apparatus will now 
be explained. 
First, as shown in FIG. 1, the movable bodies 6, 6 are closed relative to 
each other to clamp the packaging film A immovably between the pressing 
surfaces 7a, 7a of the upper clamps 7, 7. In this condition, filling of 
the packaging film with a material to be packaged B is started, and the 
material B is supported by the packaged material holders 8, 8. 
Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 2, the movable bodies 6, 6 are moved relative 
to each other to release the clamping force of the upper clamps 7, 7, and 
the delivery belts 2, 2 are driven to deliver the packaging film A by a 
predetermined distance. 
When the delivery of the packaging film A is finished, and as shown in FIG. 
3, the transverse sealing devices 3, 3 are closed relative to each other 
to heat seal the film at two places in parallel. After the downstream-side 
bag body A.sub.4 is clamped immovably between the pressing portions 11a, 
11a of the lower clamps 11, 11, the cutter 4 is advanced to cut apart the 
upper and lower bag bodies A.sub.3 and A.sub.4. 
Simultaneously with or after this operation, the movable bodies 6, 6 are 
closed relative to each other to clamp the upstream-side bag body A.sub.3 
immovably between the pressing surfaces 7a, 7a of the upper clamp 7, 7. 
Subsequently, opening of the transverse sealing devices 3, 3 is started 
and, simultaneously, the drive source 10, such as an air cylinder, is 
driven to advance the tuck-up guide 9 and the retracted cooling member 5 
toward the downstream end of upstream bog body A.sub.3, as shown in FIG. 
4. 
The tuck-up guide 9 first comes into contact with the upstream bag body 
A.sub.3 and folds the end of bag body A.sub.3 into a substantially 
U-shaped form. This is accompanied by an upward movement of the sealed 
portion A.sub.1 formed at the lower end of the bag body A.sub.3. 
At this time, compressed air is ejected from the jet holes 9c of the 
tuck-up guide 9 to push up the sealed portion A.sub.1. Then the cooling 
surface 5a of one of the cooling members 5 makes contact with the sealed 
portion A.sub.1 thus tucked up, and clamps the sealed portion A.sub.1 
together with the cooling surface 5a of the other cooling member 5, 
thereby cooling the sealed portion A.sub.1. 
Even when the opening of the transverse sealing devices 3, 3 is started, 
the downstream bag body A.sub.4 remains clamped by the pressing portions 
11a, 11a of the lower clamp 11, 11 by the force of the elastic members 12, 
12. In this condition, cooling air is ejected from the ejection holes 11c, 
11c of the pressing portions 11a, 11a to cool the sealed portion A.sub.2 
formed at the upper end of the bag body A.sub.4. 
Thereafter, only the tuck-up guide 9 and one of the cooling members 5 are 
retracted, resulting in the initial state, and the above process is 
repeated or the operation is stopped in this condition. 
Thus, in this embodiment, the cooling members 5, 5 in the stopped state are 
located apart from the transverse sealing devices 3, 3 to avoid heat 
transfer to the cooling members 5, 5 from the transverse sealing devices 
3, 3. The temperature of the cooling bodies 5 is therefore prevented from 
being raised. 
Although the feeding device for moving the sealed portion A.sub.1 between 
the cooling members 5, 5 is the tuck-up guide in the above embodiment, the 
invention is not limited to such an arrangement. Alternatively, the 
delivery belts 2, 2 may be re-driven to move the sealed portion A.sub.1 to 
a position between the cooling members 5, 5. 
In that case, the cooling members 5, 5 are disposed on the downstream side 
of the transverse sealing devices 3, 3 if the delivery belts 2, 2 are 
driven in the packaging film delivery direction, to position the sealed 
portion A.sub.1 between the cooling members 5, 5. If the delivery belts 2, 
2 are driven in the opposite direction, the cooling members 5, 5 are 
instead, disposed on the upstream side of the transverse sealing devices 
3, 3. 
Alternatively, compressed air may be jetted to the packaging film A to move 
the sealed portion A.sub.1 to the position between the cooling members 5, 
5. 
Furthermore, although only the sealed portion A.sub.1 at the lower end of 
the bag body A.sub.3 is cooled by the cooling members 5, 5 in the above 
embodiment, it is also contemplated that the sealed portion A.sub.2 at the 
upper end of the bag body A.sub.4 can also be cooled in the same manner. 
The present invention, as described above, has the following advantages. 
Since the sealed portion is cooled directly by the cooling members closed 
relative to each other after the sealed portion is positioned between the 
cooling members by the feeding device, more particularly by projecting the 
tuck-up guide or by re-driving the delivery belts immediately after heat 
sealing, it is possible to completely cool the sealed portion in a short 
time after the heat sealing and to prevent the surface of the sealed 
portion from becoming rugged. A smooth, effective seal is provided. 
Therefore, it is possible to operate the apparatus at a higher speed, to 
securely prevent the delamination of the sealed portion to obtain a better 
appearance of the surface of the sealed portion, and to further enhance 
the sealing effect, as compared to the prior art system in which the 
sealed portion is cooled by cooling air. 
Although the invention has been disclosed as utilizing particular means, 
elements, and structural details, the invention is not to be limited 
thereto, but extends to all equivalents embraced by the claims as set 
forth below.