System for monitoring physical parameters of textile machinery and method of predictive maintenance

A monitoring system of a spinning line (1) comprises detection devices (20) associated to textile machines and main storage means (60), placed in a control room remote with respect to the spinning line (1) and remote processing means (80) operatively connected with the main storage means (60) for processing a huge amount of data (Big Data), to implement a predictive maintenance.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION

This application is the 35 U.S.C. § 371 national stage application of PCT Application No. PCT/IB2015/053451, filed May 11, 2015, where the PCT claims priority to and the benefit of, IT Patent Application No. BS2014A000138, filed Jul. 31, 2014, both of which are herein incorporated by reference in their entireties.

This invention relates to a system for monitoring physical parameters of textile machinery in a spinning line for the transformation of fibres into yarn.

In particular, this invention relates to a monitoring system for textile machinery, for example blow room machines (such as a plucker, mixer, opener, mixing loader, scale loader of tuft blender), carding machines, combing machines (for example a drawing frame, lap winder or comber) and spinning machines (such as a roving frame or a spinning machine).

As is known, for a spinning line to be economically profitable, it must work continuously, without interruptions due to breakdown or processing stoppages.

However, the repair work necessary to restore the operation of a machine frequently leads to production downtime for a longer of shorter period, depending on the extent of the fault. It is therefore extremely important to intervene on the machines in time to perform service that is scheduled or guided by the monitoring system before a breakdown or fault occurs. This approach to maintenance management is known by the term “predictive maintenance”.

However, effectively implementing a predictive maintenance system is extremely complex, since predictions of breakdowns or faults, based on which the service is to be performed, can be deemed reliable only if based on experience from a high number of cases, i.e., from a high number of machines, a high number of hours of work and a large historical archive of applications and operating conditions, well beyond the machines present in a single spinning mill.

The purpose of this invention is to provide a system for monitoring the operation of textile machines in a spinning line for the implementation of a reliable predictive maintenance system.

This purpose is achieved by a system realized according to claim1.

According to an embodiment of the invention, with reference toFIG. 1, a spinning line1is installed at a spinning mill. The term “spinning mill” refers to the industrial plant in which textile processes are carried out that consist in the sequence of operations necessary for the transformation of textile fibres into yarn or thread.

Preferably, a plurality of spinning lines1are installed in a spinning mill.

The spinning line1comprises for example one or more blow room machines2(such as a plucker, mixer, opener, mixing loader, scale loader or tuft blender), one or more carding machines4, one or more combing machines6(for example a drawing frame, lap winder or comber), one or more spinning machines8(such as a roving frame or a spinning machine), installed at the spinning mill, and a local apparatus10of a monitoring system, for the detection and/or collection of characteristic data of said machines2,4,6,8.

The local apparatus10comprises at least one detection device20engaged with the respective machine2,4,6,8for the detection of a physical quantity of the machine, such as an operating parameter.

According to an embodiment, said detection device is suitable to provide a temperature value; for example, said detection device is a temperature sensor, for example a resistance thermometer or a thermal probe, suitable to detect the temperature of support structures of moving organs of the machine, during normal processing.

According to a further embodiment, said detection device is suitable to provide a pressure value; for example, said detection device is a pressure sensor, for example a pressure transducer, suitable for detecting the magnitude of a depression in the suction ducts of the machine.

According to a yet further embodiment, said detection device is suitable to provide an acceleration value; for example, said detection device is an acceleration sensor, for example an accelerometer, suitable for detecting the magnitude of the vibrations to which said component is subject.

Additionally, according to an embodiment, said detection device is suitable to provide a distance value; for example, said detection device is a distance sensor, for example an inductive sensor, suitable for detecting the distance between two organs of the machine, for example an organ in motion and a fixed abutment, to monitor the maintenance of predetermined distances between said organs.

According to a further embodiment, said detection device is suitable to provide a current value; for example, said detection device is a current sensor, suitable for detecting the current absorbed by the electric motors of the machine.

According to a yet further embodiment, said detection device is suitable to provide a force value; for example, said detection device is a force sensor, for example a load cell, suitable for detecting the tensioning of belts of the machine.

In addition, each machine2,4,6,8is provided with a control unit for the management of the processing, which itself detects (and possibly stores) status data of the respective machine, such as speed of one or more organs, power absorbed, current absorbed by the motors, the temperature of certain organs, etc.

Preferably, moreover, the local apparatus comprises image acquisition means, for example at least one webcam for the capture of images relating to machines or their organs.

According to a preferred embodiment, in accordance withFIG. 2, the monitoring system also comprises local transmission/reception means30, for example with wireless (Wi-Fi type) technology, installed at the spinning mill, operatively connected with the devices20(possibly grouped in groups20′ based on the type of machine to which they are connected), the control units of the machines and possibly with the image acquisition means.

Furthermore, the monitoring system includes storage means40, for example a server, installed at the spinning mill, operatively connected to the local transmission/reception means30, for global data storage (i.e., operating data and status data) coming from the devices20, the control units and/or the image acquisition means.

Preferably, moreover, the local apparatus10comprises a local processing device50, for example a PC, installed at the spinning mill, operatively connected to the storage means40, for local processing of the global data stored.

Preferably, the transmission of global data from the sensors20and from the control units to the transmission/reception means30and from these to the storage means40and to the processing means50takes place separately from the main intranet of the spinning mill.

Preferably, a plurality of spinning lines1are provided with the local apparatus10described above for the collection and transmission of data.

Additionally, the monitoring system includes main storage means60, placed in a remote control room with respect to the spinning line1, and remote transmission/reception means70, constituted for example by the Internet network, operatively connected to the local storage means40and/or the local processing means50of each spinning line1, and to the main storage means60, for the transmission and storage of the global data collected from the plurality of spinning lines1.

Preferably, the global data collected locally is transmitted to the main storage means60remotely with temporal continuity (“real time” mode); according to further embodiments, this data is transmitted with a predefined frequency, such as daily or weekly (“batch” mode); according to a still further embodiment, this data is transmitted upon the occurrence of a predefined event, such as in case of a machine stoppage, upon the approach of scheduled service (“event based” mode).

Additionally, the monitoring system includes remote processing means80, such as a PC, operatively connected to the Internet network and/or to the main storage means60, for processing the global data from each spinning line.

A machine2,4,6,8according to this invention comprises at least one device for detecting a physical quantity, such as an operating parameter, operatively connected to the local apparatus10described above.

In a spinning machine100according to this invention, said detection device is a temperature sensor102positioned to detect the temperature of support structures of idle pulleys104that define the path of a belt for moving roving bobbins106of spindles108of the spinning machine100, moved by motor groups110. In particular, said temperature sensors are suitable for detecting the temperature of support structures of bearings of said idle pulleys104.

For example, said temperature sensors102are associated to the support structures of the idle pulleys104athat send back the belt106between one bank and the other of the spinning machine; in a further embodiment, said idle pulleys104bsend back the belt106between a motor group110, comprising an electric motor111aand a belt-tensioner wheel111b, and the other in a same bank of the spinning machine100, along a return section of the path (in which the belt does not engage the spindles); in a still further embodiment, said pulleys104bsend back the belt106between a motor group110and the other in a same bank of the spinning machine100along an active section of the path (in which the belt engages the spindles).

In a further embodiment, said temperature sensor is associated to one or more components housed in a control box120of the spinning machine, in which are contained the movement mechanisms of drawing cylinders122,124,126of the spinning machine100, for example cylinder control gears and belts128.

In a further embodiment, said temperature sensor is associated to the electric motor111aof the motor group110of the spinning machine100, for detecting the temperature of said motor.

According to a further embodiment, said detection device is a force sensor130to detect the tension of belts of the spinning machine, for example the spindle moving belt106or the cylinder drive belt128.

According to a further embodiment, said detection device is a current sensor140, suitable for detecting the current absorbed by each of the motors111aof the motor groups110.

According to a still further embodiment, said detection device is an acceleration sensor150associated to a support structure of the idle pulleys104,104a,104b,104cor to the support structure of the bearings of the drawing cylinders122,124,126.

According to a yet further embodiment, said detection device is a pressure sensor160suitable for detecting the depression in the suction ducts of the spinning machine.

For example, said pressure sensor160is associated to a suction channel162that extends between longitudinal ends of the spinning machine100, for example in a position that overlaps the roving frames.

Preferably, two pressure sensors160are provided, applied near the longitudinal ends of said suction channel162.

Preferably, moreover, through an operational connection with the control unit of the spinning machine100, in addition to the detected data and machine status data, the data transmitted to the main storage means60of the monitoring system includes data related to the occurrence of alarms due to the failure to advance of the plates that support the tubes and the bobbins of the spinning machine in the steps of doffing, the operation of loading/unloading the tubes/bobbins, the breakage of the roving during the processing step, the breakage of the drive belts of the spindles and drawing cylinders.

In a roving frame200according to this invention; said detection device is a temperature sensor202positioned to detect the temperature of support structures204of drawing cylinders206,208,210of the frame200or to detect the temperature inside of boxes212containing movement mechanisms for the fins of the frame.

According to a further example, said temperature sensor202is positioned to detect the temperature in the vicinity of the frame motors200, for example of a motor214for driving the carriage, a motor216for driving the spools, a motor218for the translation of the carriage, a motor220to drive the bridge, a motor222for driving the spools, a motor224for controlling the suction, a motor226for driving the bridge tape, a motor228for driving the drafting rollers and a motor230for driving the fins.

According to a still further example, said temperature sensor202is positioned to detect the temperature inside of an electrical box232containing electronic devices for the management of the frame200.

According to a yet further embodiment, said detection device is a pressure sensor260suitable for detecting the depression in the suction ducts of the frame.

For example, said pressure sensor260is associated to a suction channel262that extends between longitudinal ends of the frame200, for example in a position that overlaps the boxes212.

Preferably, two pressure sensors260are provided, applied near the longitudinal ends of said suction channel262.

Preferably, moreover, through an operational connection with the control unit of the frame200, in addition to the detected data and machine status data, the data transmitted to the main storage means60of the monitoring system includes data related to the occurrence of alarms due, for example, to the breakage of the roving during the processing step, to breakage of the belts of the feed creel, to operating anomalies of the heat exchanger of the tubes or spools and anomalies during the step of doffing of the tubes or spools.

In a comber300according to this invention, said detection device is a temperature sensor302positioned inside a head box304to detect the temperature of the oil or to detect the temperature of support structures306of the bearings of the drawing cylinders308,310,312,314of the drawing group316of the comber300.

According to a further example, said temperature sensor302is positioned to detect the temperature of motors of the machine, for example of a motor318for moving the axes of the machine or of a motor320, for driving the brushes destined for the cleaning of the circular combs or a motor321for driving the cylinders of the drawing group or a motor323for driving the unwinder rollers or a motor325for driving the spin pot device.

According to a still further example, said temperature sensor302is positioned to detect the temperature inside of an electrical box322containing electronic devices for the management of the comber300.

According to a still further embodiment, said detection device is an acceleration sensor350associated to a support frame352of the comber or the support structures306of the bearing's of the drawing cylinders308,310,312,314.

According to a still further embodiment, said detection device is a pressure sensor360associated to a suction channel362that extends along the combing heads of the comber, for example, downstream of all the combing heads, taking into account the direction of suction of the air, and/or several pressure sensors360brespectively associated to each combing head for detecting the depression on each of them.

Preferably, moreover, through an operational connection with the control unit of the comber300, in addition to the detected data and the machine status data, data is transmitted to the main storage means60of the monitoring system related to the onset of alarms, for example due to malfunctions of the device for the replacement of pots full of material with those to be filled, the signalling of fibre windings astride the cylinders of the drawing group, the signalling of the accumulation of material in the veil conveyor of fibres at the turn of the cylinders of the drafting unit, the signalling of accumulation of material in the doffing conveyor of fibre at the exit of the drawing group, the signalling of anomalies of the feed of material to the individual combing heads, malfunctions of the coiler, i.e., the device destined to the positioning of the belt of combed/worked fibre inside the pots, as well as data related to the number of alarms detected.

In a lap winder400according to this invention, said detection device is a temperature sensor402positioned to detect the temperature of support structures404of drawing cylinders406,408,410of the lap winder400or the cylinders of the training device of the lap.

According to a further example, said temperature sensor402is positioned to detect the temperature of the motors of the lap winder, for example, a motor412for driving the drawing groups or a motor414for driving the lap training calenders.

According to a still further example, said temperature sensor402is positioned to detect the temperature inside of an electrical box416containing electronic devices for the management of the lap winder400.

According to a further embodiment, said detection device is an acceleration sensor402associated to the support structures404of the drawing cylinders406,408,410of the lap winder400or the cylinders of the lap training device.

Preferably, moreover, through an operational connection with the control unit of the lap winder400, in addition to the detected data and machine status data, the data transmitted to the main storage means60of the monitoring system includes data related to the occurrence of alarms due, for example, to the breakage of belts coming from the feed creel, to the signalling of the winding of the fibres astride the cylinders of the drawing groups, to anomalies in the formation zone of the lap, anomalies in the step of loading empty tubes ready to be placed in the lap training zone and anomalies in the operation of the tipper of the complete canvases.

In a drawing frame500according to this invention, said detection device is a temperature sensor502positioned to detect the temperature of support structures504of drawing cylinders506,508,510of a drawing group512or the drawing frame500.

According to a further example, said temperature sensor502is positioned to detect the temperature of motors of the drawing frame, for example of a motor514for the rotation of the pot or a motor516for the replacement of the pot or a motor518for the movement of the cylinders of the drawing self-regulation device or a motor520for the moving of the cylinders of the drawing group.

According to a further example, said temperature sensor502is positioned to detect the temperature inside of an electrical box522containing electronic devices for the management of the drawing frame500.

According to a further embodiment, said detection device is an acceleration sensor550associated to the support structures504of the drawing cylinders506,508,510.

According to a still further embodiment, said detection device is a pressure sensor560associated to a suction channel562that extends through the machine for the extraction of material from the entry zone, the drawing group and/or from the exit zone.

Preferably, moreover, through an operational connection with the control unit of the drawing frame300, in addition to the detected data and the machine status data, data is transmitted to the main storage means60of the monitoring system related to the onset of alarms, for example due to malfunctions of the device for the replacement of full pots with those to be filled, the signalling of fibre windings astride the cylinders of the drawing group, the breakage of belts coming from the feed creel and anomalies due to accumulation of material in the conveying zone to the drawing group of the exit belt.

A carding machine600according to this invention comprisesa carding drum620;a silo610upstream of said carding drum620, suitable for feeding fibre flakes to said drum, anda collection device630downstream of the drum620, suitable to receive a carded tape from said drum and wind it in a spin pot640.

According to an embodiment, said detection device is a temperature sensor602positioned to detect the temperature of a support arch604on which the end supports of the mobile flats606slide.

According to a still further example, said temperature sensor602is positioned to detect the temperature inside Of an electrical box608containing electronic devices for the management of the carding machine.

According to a still further example, said temperature sensor602is positioned to detect the temperature of the motors of the machine, for example a motor642for rotating the pot640of the collection device630, a motor644for moving a doffer engaged with the drum620to unload the material from said drum and/or the. cylinders of the doffing group, a motor646for moving a licker-in engaged with the drum620to load the material to the drum, a motor648for moving cylinders of the silo for feeding the fibre in flakes to the licker-in, motors650,652for the movement of cylinders of the silo for the forced entry of the fibre to the silo and for the disintegration of the fibre.

According to a still further example, said temperature sensor602is positioned to detect the temperature of a motor654for driving a fan of the silo610, a motor656for the actuation of a cleaning group for the mobile flats, a motor658for rotating the drum620, a motor660for rotating the brush of the doffing group and a motor662for moving the exit group towards the collection device630.

In accordance with a further embodiment, said detection device is a distance sensor662positioned to detect the distance between the support arch604of the mobile flats606and a fixed abutment605of the machine, to monitor the registration of said mobile flats.

According to a still further embodiment, said detection device is a pressure sensor664associated to a suction channel662that extends through the machine for the extraction of the material; in particular, the suction channel662has a mouth663for the suction from the area immediately upstream of the licker-in, a mouth665for the suction from the area immediately downstream of the licker-in, a mouth667for the suction from the under-drum area, a mouth669for extraction from the post-carding zone, mouths671,673for extraction from the area of the doffing brush, a mouth675for extraction from the area of the calender group, a mouth677for the suction from the area of the mobile flat device and a mouth679for extraction from the pre-carding area.

Preferably, moreover, through an operational connection with the control unit of the carding machine, in addition to the detected data and the machine status data, data is transmitted to the main storage means of the monitoring system related to the onset of alarms, for example due to malfunctions due to clogging of material in the vicinity of cylinders destined for carding the fibres (for example silo feed cylinder, carding feed cylinder, drum, doffer, doffing cylinder, cowl board, and a coiler calender), alarms on said cylinders, breakdown alarm of the carded/worked belt exiting the machine and before the deposit in the collection vessel and the absence of feeding of material entering the pre-carding area of the machine.

In an opener700according to this invention, said detection device is a temperature sensor702positioned to detect the temperature of support structures704of bearings of rotating cylinders of the opener, for example an opening cylinder706, of the opener700.

Preferably, moreover, through an operational connection with the control unit of the opener, in addition to the detected data and the machines status data, data is transmitted to the main storage means60of the monitoring system related to the occurrence of alarms.

In a plucker800according to this invention, said detection device is an acceleration sensor850associated with a carriage810of the plucker800, for example in correspondence of the free end of this, and/or a support column820of said carriage810, for example in correspondence of the sliding guides822,824of said carriage.

According to a still further embodiment, said detection device is a pressure sensor830associated to a suction channel832that extends through the machine and, in particular, through the column820and the carriage810for the extraction of the material to be plucked.

Preferably, moreover, through an operational connection with the control unit of the plucker, in addition to the detected data and the machines status data, data is transmitted to the main storage means60of the monitoring system related to the occurrence of alarms.

Innovatively, the monitoring system according to this invention allows effectively implementing a predictive maintenance and, through special calculation algorithms, allows notifying the maintenance operators of the need to perform preventive maintenance service, since it allows collecting, storing and analysing a huge amount of data (Big Data, i.e., a collection of data so extensive in terms of volume, speed and variety as to require specific technologies and analytical methods for the extraction of value), coming from a large number of machines of a spinning line or multiple spinning lines.

Advantageously, moreover, the system according to the invention allows collecting and storing a large amount of data over very long periods of time, thereby allowing the detection of drift phenomena, or statistical phenomena, that are often symptoms of malfunctions or the slow deterioration of operating conditions, usually not recognizable or identifiable.

According to a further advantageous aspect, there is the possibility of collecting and storing various parameters of a machine, identifying correlations between them, for example between speed, current absorption and temperature. In addition, the system allows analysing the data collected in the domain of frequencies for identifying periodic phenomena on a single parameter or a result of these correlations.

According to a still further advantageous aspect, the system allows identifying correlations between the performance of one or more parameters of a machine with those of a further machine, downstream or upstream of the preceding one, for example the trend of parameters of a carding machine or a blow room machine (upstream machine) with that of a spinning machine (downstream machine).

For example, as shown inFIGS. 32 and 33, it is possible to identify the trend of generic parameters P1 and P2 as a function of a further generic parameter X and correlate them with a correlation function ϕ{P1(X),P2(X)} or the trend of a generic parameter P1 as a function of time t.

The architecture thus identified, given its flexibility, the possibility of accumulating large amounts of information and data (Big Data), and the ability to develop processing and calculation functions in a single central system that has available the historical trends of the operating parameters of the machinery, allows the gradual and continuous identification, development and evolution of correlation functionalities and prediction algorithms.

Purely by way of example, it is possible to correlate the trend of the quality of the carded tape in several carding machines as a function of the speed (for example, peripheral) of the drum or as a function of the ambient temperature over a calendar year.

Moreover, advantageously, the monitoring system according to this invention allows activating an online support service by virtue of the remote detection of an anomalous trend, drift, a value or any other anomaly.

According to a further advantageous aspect, the monitoring system according to this invention allows to remotely updating the management software of the machines, without the need for local intervention.

It is clear that one skilled in the art, in order to meet specific needs, may make changes to the monitoring system described above, all contained within the scope of protection defined by the following claims.