FLUID TONER DISPENSING APPARATUS, COMPONENTS, AND METHODS

This disclosure describes a flow control device comprising: a body comprising a body wall that defines a chamber, the body wall comprising an inlet in fluid communication with the chamber, a work outlet comprising a work outlet flow area in fluid communication with the chamber, and a bleed outlet comprising an unoccluded bleed flow area in fluid communication with the chamber. The flow control device comprises a flow control member adapted to selectively occlude the bleed outlet wherein, in a second position, the flow control member at least partially occludes the bleed outlet to create a second bleed flow area and, in a first position, the flow control member occludes the bleed outlet to a smaller degree than when in the second position to create a first bleed flow area that is greater than the second bleed flow area.

SUMMARY

In one aspect, this disclosure describes a flow control device. Generally, the flow control device comprises a body that includes a body wall that defines a chamber. An inlet is provided in fluid communication with the chamber, along with a work outlet comprising a work outlet flow area in fluid communication with the chamber, and a bleed outlet comprising an unoccluded bleed flow area in fluid communication with the chamber. The flow control device further comprises a flow control member adapted to selectively occlude the bleed outlet. In a second position, the flow control member at least partially occludes the bleed outlet to create a second bleed flow area. In a first position, the flow control member occludes the bleed outlet to a smaller degree than when in the second position to create a first bleed flow area that is greater than the second bleed flow area.

In some embodiments, the flow control member comprises a flow control core at least partially within the chamber and controllably repositionable with respect to the chamber. The flow control core may comprise a body portion in slidable sealing engagement with the body wall, an actuation control end, and a tip end. The tip end may comprise a medial portion and a distal portion comprising a cross sectional surface area that is less than the unoccluded bleed flow area. In such embodiments, the second position may comprise a forward position wherein the tip end of the flow control core at least partially occludes the bleed outlet to create a second bleed flow area. The first position may comprise a retracted position wherein the tip of end of the flow control core occludes the bleed outlet to a smaller degree than when in the forward position to create a first bleed flow area that is greater than the second bleed flow area.

In some embodiments, when in the forward position, the medial portion of the tip end sealingly engages the bleed outlet so that the tip end of the flow control core fully occludes the bleed outlet.

In some embodiments, when in the retracted position, the tip end of the flow control core does not occlude the bleed outlet.

In some embodiments, the inlet of the flow control device is in fluid communication with a source of fluid pressure.

In some embodiments, the bleed outlet of the flow control device is in fluid communication with a fluid reservoir. In one aspect, the fluid reservoir is in fluid communication with the source of fluid pressure, forming a closed circuit.

In some embodiments, the work outlet of the flow control device is in fluid communication with a work apparatus. In one aspect, the work apparatus comprises a liquid dispenser.

In some embodiments, the unoccluded bleed flow area is greater than the work outlet flow area. In some cases, the unoccluded bleed flow area is greater than the work outlet flow area by a ratio of at least 5:1.

In some embodiments, moving from the second position to the first position comprises moving the flow control member. In one aspect, moving from the second position to the first position comprises moving the body.

In another aspect, the disclosure provides a method comprising providing a flow control device comprising a body comprising a body wall that defines a chamber, the body wall comprising an inlet in fluid communication with the chamber, a work outlet comprising a work outlet flow area in fluid communication with the chamber, and a bleed outlet comprising a unoccluded bleed flow area in fluid communication with the chamber, and a flow control member adapted to selectively occlude the bleed outlet. The method may comprise moving the flow control member between (i) a second position wherein the flow control member at least partially occludes the bleed outlet to create a second bleed flow area; and (ii) a first position wherein the flow control member occludes the bleed outlet to a smaller degree than when in the second position to create a first bleed flow area that is greater than the second bleed flow area.

In some embodiments, the method comprises introducing a pressurized fluid to the chamber through the inlet, wherein as the flow control member is moved from the first position to the second position, fluid pressure through the work outlet increases without a spike from zero pressure.

In some embodiments of the method, the flow control member comprises a flow control core at least partially within the chamber and controllably repositionable with respect to the chamber. The flow control core may comprise comprising a body portion in slidable sealing engagement with the body wall, an actuation control end, and a tip end. The tip end may comprise a medial portion and a distal portion comprising a cross sectional surface area that is less than the unoccluded bleed flow area. The second position may comprise a forward position wherein the tip end of the flow control core at least partially occludes the bleed outlet to create a second bleed flow area. The first position comprising a retracted position wherein the tip of end of the flow control core occludes the bleed outlet to a smaller degree than when in the forward position to create a first bleed flow area that is greater than the second bleed flow area.

In another aspect, the present disclosure provides a method comprising providing a flow control device comprising a body comprising a body wall that defines a chamber, the body wall comprising an inlet in fluid communication with the chamber, a work outlet comprising a work outlet flow area in fluid communication with the chamber, and a bleed outlet comprising an unoccluded bleed flow area in fluid communication with the chamber. The method may comprise introducing a pressurized fluid to the chamber through the inlet to establish a first ratio of fluid flow through the bleed outlet relative to the work outlet. The method may further comprise reducing the unoccluded bleed flow area to a second bleed flow area to establish a second ratio of fluid flow through the bleed outlet relative to the work outlet, the second ratio being less than the first ratio.

In another aspect, the disclosure provides a system for dispensing a fluid. The system comprises a housing comprising a coupler, a pressure outlet, and an actuator. The system comprises a flow control device in controllable communication with the actuator and in fluid communication with the pressure outlet. The flow control device comprises a body comprising a body wall that defines a chamber, the body wall comprising an inlet in fluid communication with the chamber, a work outlet comprising a work outlet flow area in fluid communication with the chamber, and a bleed outlet comprising an unoccluded bleed flow area in fluid communication with the chamber. The flow control device further comprises a flow control member adapted to selectively occlude the bleed outlet. In a second position, the flow control member at least partially occludes the bleed outlet to create a second bleed flow area and. In a first position, the flow control member occludes the bleed outlet to a smaller degree than when in the second position to create a first bleed flow area that is greater than the second bleed flow area. The system further comprises a dispenser assembly comprising a fluid reservoir, and a cap and valve assembly coupled to the housing via the coupler.

In some embodiments, the flow control member comprises a flow control core at least partially within the chamber and controllably repositionable with respect to the chamber. The flow control core comprises a body portion in slidable sealing engagement with the body wall, an actuation control end, and a tip end. The tip end comprises a medial portion and a distal portion comprising a cross sectional surface area that is less than the unoccluded bleed flow area. The second position comprises a forward position wherein the tip end of the flow control core at least partially occludes the bleed outlet to create a second bleed flow area. The first position comprises a retracted position wherein the tip of end of the flow control core occludes the bleed outlet to a smaller degree than when in the forward position to create a first bleed flow area that is greater than the second bleed flow area.

In another aspect, the disclosure provides a device for dispensing fluid from a fluid reservoir comprising a coupler. The device comprises a housing comprising a flow control device in fluid communication with a pressure source and comprising a body comprising a body wall that defines a chamber, the body wall comprising an inlet in fluid communication with the chamber, a work outlet comprising a work outlet flow area in fluid communication with the chamber, and a bleed outlet comprising an unoccluded bleed flow area in fluid communication with the chamber. The flow control device further comprises a flow control member adapted to selectively occlude the bleed outlet. In a second position, the flow control member at least partially occludes the bleed outlet to create a second bleed flow area. In a first position, the flow control member occludes the bleed outlet to a smaller degree than when in the second position to create a first bleed flow area that is greater than the second bleed flow area. The dispensing device further comprises a pressure outlet in fluid communication with the flow control device, an actuator engaged with the flow control core of the flow control device; and a coupler configured to engage a dispenser assembly.

In some embodiments, the flow control member comprises a flow control core at least partially within the chamber and controllably repositionable with respect to the chamber. The flow control core comprises a body portion in slidable sealing engagement with the body wall, an actuation control end, and a tip end. The tip end comprises a medial portion and a distal portion comprising a cross sectional surface area that is less than the unoccluded bleed flow area. The second position comprises a forward position wherein the tip end of the flow control core at least partially occludes the bleed outlet to create a second bleed flow area. The first position comprises a retracted position wherein the tip of end of the flow control core occludes the bleed outlet to a smaller degree than when in the forward position to create a first bleed flow area that is greater than the second bleed flow area.

In some embodiments, the coupler comprises a clip configured to engage a cap and valve assembly.

In another aspect, the present disclosure provides an apparatus for dispensing fluid, the apparatus comprising a housing. The housing comprises a coupler comprising a coupling mechanism configured to sealingly engage at least a portion of a dispenser assembly, a pressure outlet in fluid communication with a pressure source and configured provide fluid communication with a pressure inlet on the dispenser assembly, and an actuator configured to actuate a dispenser assembly, thereby delivering pressure to the dispenser assembly from the pressure outlet.

In some embodiments, the coupling mechanism comprises a clamp configured to engage a coupling platform of the dispenser assembly.

In some embodiments, the coupler is in fluid communication with a first controller.

In some embodiments, the actuator is in fluid communication with a second controller.

In some embodiments, the first controller and second controller are controlled by a sequencer assembly.

In some embodiments, the apparatus further comprises a flow control device in fluid communication with one or more of: the coupler, the actuator, and the pressure outlet. The flow control device comprises a body comprising a body wall that defines a chamber, the body wall comprising an inlet in fluid communication with the chamber, a work outlet comprising a work outlet flow area in fluid communication with the chamber, and a bleed outlet comprising an unoccluded bleed flow area in fluid communication with the chamber. The flow control device further comprises a flow control member adapted to selectively occlude the bleed outlet. In a second position, the flow control member at least partially occludes the bleed outlet to create a second bleed flow area. In a first position, the flow control member occludes the bleed outlet to a smaller degree than when in the second position to create a first bleed flow area that is greater than the second bleed flow area.

In some embodiments, the flow control member comprises a flow control core at least partially within the chamber and controllably repositionable with respect to the chamber. The flow control core comprises a body portion in slidable sealing engagement with the body wall, an actuation control end, and a tip end. The tip end comprises a medial portion and a distal portion comprising a cross sectional surface area that is less than the unoccluded bleed flow area. The second position comprising a forward position wherein the tip end of the flow control core at least partially occludes the bleed outlet to create a second bleed flow area. The first position comprises a retracted position wherein the tip of end of the flow control core occludes the bleed outlet to a smaller degree than when in the forward position to create a first bleed flow area that is greater than the second bleed flow area.

In some embodiments, fluid communication between the flow control device and one or more of the coupler and the actuator comprises fluid communication with an intervening sequencer assembly.

In another aspect, the present disclosure provides a sequencer assembly comprising a body. The body comprises a body wall that defines a lumen, a pressure inlet through the body wall that provides fluid communication between the lumen and a pressure source, a first sequencer control comprising a first sequencer valve and a first pressure outlet providing fluid communication between the first sequencer control and a first output device, and a second sequencer control comprising a second sequencer valve and a second pressure outlet providing fluid communication between the second sequencer control and a second output device. The sequencer assembly comprises a sequencer core slidably positioned in the lumen. In a first position the sequencer core actuates neither the first sequencer valve nor the second sequencer valve. In a second position the sequencer core actuates both the first sequencer valve and the second sequencer valve. In an intermediate position between the first position and the second position, the sequencer core actuates the first sequencer valve but not the second sequencer valve.

In some embodiments, actuating the first sequencer valve releases pressure through the first pressure outlet that actuates the first output device.

In some embodiments, actuating the second sequencer valve releases pressure through the second pressure outlet that actuates the second output device.

In some embodiments, moving the sequencer core from the first position to the second position actuates the first sequencer valve and, after a delay, actuates the second sequencer valve.

In some embodiments, the delay in actuating the second sequencer valve is a function of the distance between the first sequencer valve and the second sequencer valve.

In some embodiments, the delay in actuating the second sequencer valve is a function of the speed at which the sequencer core is moved from the first position to the second position.

In some embodiments, moving the sequencer core from the second position to the first position first de-actuates the second sequencer valve and then de-actuates the first sequencer valve.

In some embodiments, the second position comprises an overtravel distance such that a time delay exists between initiating moving the sequencer core from the second position to the first position and de-actuating the second sequencer valve.

In some embodiments, the sequencer assembly further comprises at least a third sequencer control comprising a third sequencer valve and a third pressure outlet providing fluid communication between the third sequencer control and a third output device.

In another aspect, the present disclosure provides a method of dispensing a fluid, the method comprising providing a system comprising an actuator as described above and actuating the actuator.

In some embodiments, the fluid comprises a liquid.

In some embodiments, the fluid comprises a paint component.

In another aspect, the present disclosure provides a method of delivering a controlled increased air pressure, the method comprising providing an apparatus that comprises an actuator in control of a flow control device. The flow control device comprises a body comprising a body wall that defines a chamber, the body wall comprising an inlet in fluid communication with the chamber, a work outlet comprising a work outlet flow area in fluid communication with the chamber, and a bleed outlet comprising an unoccluded bleed flow area in fluid communication with the chamber. The flow control device further comprises a flow control member adapted to selectively occlude the bleed outlet. In a second position, the flow control member at least partially occludes the bleed outlet to create a second bleed flow area. In a first position, the flow control member occludes the bleed outlet to a smaller degree than when in the second position to create a first bleed flow area that is greater than the second bleed flow area. The method further comprises actuating the actuator such that as the flow control core is moved from the retracted position to the forward position, pressure through the work outlet increases without a spike from zero pressure.

In some embodiments, the flow control member comprises a flow control core at least partially within the chamber and controllably repositionable with respect to the chamber. The flow control core comprises a body portion in slidable sealing engagement with the body wall, an actuation control end, and a tip end. The tip end comprises a medial portion and a distal portion comprising a cross sectional surface area that is less than the unoccluded bleed flow area. The second position comprises a forward position wherein the tip end of the flow control core at least partially occludes the bleed outlet to create a second bleed flow area. The first position comprising a retracted position wherein the tip of end of the flow control core occludes the bleed outlet to a smaller degree than when in the forward position to create a first bleed flow area that is greater than the second bleed flow area.

In another aspect, this disclosure describes a cap and valve assembly for use with a fluid dispensing system. Generally, the cap and valve assembly includes a cap configured to sealingly engage with a coupler component of a fluid reservoir, and an elongate member. The cap generally includes a pressure inlet and a flow inlet. The elongate member generally includes a pressure coupler, a lumen, an outlet aperture, and a repositionable valve core. In a first position of the repositionable valve core, the lumen provides fluid communication between the pressure coupler and the pressure inlet, and the elongate member provides a flow path that provides fluid communication between the flow inlet and the outlet aperture. In a second position of the repositionable valve core, fluid communication between the pressure coupler and the pressure inlet is disrupted.

In some embodiments, the cap and valve assembly can further include a housing coupler configured to engage with a coupling mechanism on the housing of the fluid dispensing system. In some of these embodiments, the housing coupler includes a shoulder configured to be received by a mounting slot on the system housing, and a positioning groove configured to engage a positioning nodule on the system housing.

In some embodiments, the cap and valve assembly can further include a repositionable tip cover wherein, in a first position, the tip cover covers the outlet aperture and, in a second position, uncovers at least a portion of the outlet aperture. In some of these embodiments, repositioning the tip cover from the second position to the first position cleans the outlet aperture. In some of these embodiments, the cap and valve assembly is configured so that the tip cap can be positioned to uncover the outlet aperture independent of providing fluid communication between the pressure coupler and the pressure inlet.

In some embodiments, the valve core further includes at least one seal that, when the valve core is in the second position, is proximal to the outlet aperture and when the valve core is in the first position, the seal is distal to the outlet aperture. In some of these embodiments, the seal at least partially obstructs the flow path when the valve core is in the second position.

In some embodiments, the cap and valve assembly can further include a cap insert configured to sealing engage with a second fluid reservoir coupler.

In some embodiments, the elongate member is detachable.

In some embodiments, the elongate member is sufficiently transparent that contents of the lumen are visible.

This disclosure also describes, in another aspect, a kit that includes at least one modular cap component and at least one modular elongate member component. In some embodiments, the kit can include a plurality of modular cap components. In some embodiments, the kit can include a plurality of modular elongate member components.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF ILLUSTRATIVE EMBODIMENTS

A system for dispensing a fluid is described herein. As used herein, the term “fluid” refers generally to any material that flows under applied shear stress. The term “fluid” can therefore refer to either a liquid or a gas. The system includes various components that contribute to certain features of operation. For example, the system can include a fluid control valve that can allow an operator to more precisely control dispensing small volumes of fluid, whether the small volume is the total amount of fluid to be dispensed or, as in some applications, the small volume reflects the end of dispensing a larger volume, but must be done with precision and accuracy. As another example, the system can contain a dispensing assembly that can be customized to fit fluid containers provided by various suppliers. As yet another example, the system can include a sequencer assembly that can automatically sequence certain functions of the system to reduce the likelihood and/or extent of certain types of dysfunction such as, for example, uncontrolled pressure release.

In various portions of the description that follows, reference may be made to one particular exemplary embodiment in which the fluid dispensing system is configured and/or used for dispensing toner, such as may occur in the formulation of auto body paint. Unless otherwise specifically noted, such descriptions are mere exemplary illustrations of one embodiment and the general features, general implementations, general methods, and general processes described may apply equally to other embodiments directed toward the dispensing of other fluids.

In the automotive body repair industry, paint vendors provide auto body repair businesses, such as body shops and jobbers, with paint formulas. Generally, these paint formulas are a composition (i.e., mixture) of stock paint components such as, for example, colorants, tints, pearls, metallics, binders and/or balancers, that, once mixed, produce the desired color of paint to be applied to a repaired vehicle. The paint formulas provided by paint vendors are formulated to match vehicle paint colors that have been applied to new vehicles. In addition, these paint formulas can include variants to, for example, match the fading of paint that can occur over years of service.

Typically, a paint formula is provided in terms of mixing quantities that can be expressed in grams, sometimes to a precision of a tenth of a gram. Depending on the desired color, the paint formula can require anywhere from a few paint components to over a dozen paint components that must be mixed with a great degree of precision to achieve a proper color match.

Conventional paint mixing is a manual process. A user typically refers to the paint formula provided by a manufacturer, then manually pours each paint component into a container until the specified amount of each component has been poured. However, manual pouring often leads to inaccurate pours, especially when a precise amount of each component is required to form a specific paint mixture. For even a highly skilled operator, the degree of precision needed to accurately and precisely hand pour certain paint formulas can be difficult to obtain. One common error that can result from manual pouring is over pouring. Over pouring occurs when the weight of the paint component added to the paint mixture exceeds the amount called for in the paint manufacturer's formula. When this happens, one must recalculate the weights of the other paint components to compensate for the over poured component. While the recalculation can be automated, the operator must re-pour additional amounts of already poured components to correct for the over poured component. Additional errors during the re-pouring process can exacerbate the original over pour. In all, over pouring can result in an increase in the time needed to formulate a paint mixture, an increase in waste material (e.g., unused paint formulation), and, because certain paint components can be quite expensive, increased cost.

Powered dispensing devices typically use one or more motors to control a spout for a container of paint component. However, conventional motorized dispensers do not always adjust quickly and can often over pour or under pour one or more paint components. Conventional motorized dispensing devices can use a pump that requires occasional calibration. Additionally, conventional spouts can be poorly sealed, which can lead to dripping, the introduction of contaminants into paint component containers, and/or curing of paint components within the containers. Thus, conventional spouts require periodic cleaning, especially when changing empty toner containers.

We therefore describe herein a system for dispensing a fluid that permits one to accurately and precisely dispense a fluid. Within the system, we describe various components that can contribute to the operation of the system.

One such system component is a flow control device102as shown, for example, inFIGS. 1-3. The flow control device102includes a body104that includes an internal body wall106that defines a chamber108. The body wall106also includes an inlet110in fluid communication with the chamber108, a work outlet112in fluid communication with the chamber108, and a bleed outlet114in fluid communication with the chamber108. The opening of the work outlet112that provides fluid communication with the chamber108has a flow area. Similarly, the opening of the bleed outlet114has a flow area. As shown in the appended Figures, the inlet110, the work outlet112, and the bleed outlet114each comprise a single opening. However, it should be understood that these features can each comprise more than one opening, and/or other fluid pervious structure or material, within the scope of this disclosure.

The flow control device102also includes a flow control member120. The flow control member120may comprise any structure or combination of features adapted to selectively throttle or restrict fluid flow through the bleed outlet114. For example, the flow control member120may comprise a single or multi-leaf shutter mechanism (e.g., akin to a camera shutter) adapted to occlude (partially or fully) the bleed outlet114. In another example, the flow control member may comprise a variable constriction acting upon the bleed outlet to reduce or expand the effective diameter(s) of the bleed outlet114flow passage(s). In yet another example, the flow control member120may comprise a gate member (e.g., akin to a guillotine) adapted to occlude (partially or fully) the bleed outlet114. Any other device adapted to provide proportional flow control through the bleed outlet may be used as the flow control member120within the scope of the present disclosure.

In the appended Figures, the flow control member120is shown to comprise a flow control core positioned at least partially within the chamber108. For convenience throughout, the flow control core is described as an exemplary embodiment of a flow control member120. Although the flow control core may comprise certain advantages as described herein, it should be understood that any flow control member120contemplated by this disclosure could be substituted throughout for the flow control core.

The flow control core includes a body portion that is in slidable sealing engagement with at least a portion of the body wall106so that as the flow control core is repositioned with respect to the chamber108, the body portion122of the flow control core maintains a fluid tight seal that limits release of fluid pressure from the chamber108past the body portion122and actuation control end124of the flow control core.

The flow control core also includes an actuation control end124and a tip end126. The tip end126includes a medial portion128and a distal end130. The distal end130has a cross sectional surface area that is less than the flow area of the bleed outlet114so that as the flow control core is repositioned forward with respect to the chamber108, as shown inFIG. 2andFIG. 3, at least a portion of the distal end130of the flow control core occludes at least a portion of the bleed outlet114.

The actuation control end124of the flow control core can include and actuator that can include any suitable mechanism for controllably repositioning the flow control core with respect to the chamber108.FIGS. 1-3illustrate one embodiment in which the actuator can be, for example, a knob132physically attached to the flow control core. Sliding the actuator knob132along a slot134repositions the flow control core with respect to the chamber108. In other embodiments, the actuator may be a rotatable handle138as illustrated inFIG. 11. In such embodiments, rotational movement of the handle138may be transformed to sliding repositioning of the flow control core with respect to the chamber108through one or more gear mechanisms136, as shown inFIG. 12andFIG. 13. The specific form and/or design of the actuator is unimportant so long as the actuator is able to be repositioned in a way that controllably repositions the flow control core with respect to the chamber108.

Actuating the flow control device102can involve any manner of repositioning the flow control member120with respect to the chamber108. Thus, in some embodiments (not shown), moving the flow control member120relative to the chamber108can involve repositioning the body104relative to a stationary flow control member120. In such embodiments, the actuator can be a mounting that connects the flow control member120to a component that holds the flow control member120stationary while the body104is repositioned relative to the flow control member120. In still other embodiments, movement of the flow control member120relative to the chamber108can involve movement of both the flow control member120and the body104. In such embodiments, the movements of the flow control member120and the body104may be in opposite directions, or may involve any simultaneous movement that results in repositioning the flow control member120with respect to the chamber108or, more particularly, the bleed outlet114.

FIG. 1shows the actuator132and flow control member120(in this case a flow control core) in a first, closed position.FIG. 2andFIG. 3illustrate progressive actuation of the flow control device102in which the flow control member120is repositioned with respect to the chamber108through an intermediate position (FIG. 2) to a full forward position (FIG. 3). AlthoughFIG. 1illustrates the flow control device102so that the distal end130of the flow control core occludes none of the bleed outlet114, in some embodiments, the distal end130of the flow control core may occlude a portion of the bleed outlet114in the first position. Similarly, whileFIG. 3illustrates the distal end130of the flow control core fully occluding the bleed outlet114, in some embodiments, the distal end130of the flow control core may not necessarily fully occlude the bleed outlet114in a full, forward position.

WhileFIGS. 1-3illustrate an embodiments in which the inlet110remains in fluid communication with the chamber108throughout all repositioning of the flow control member120,FIG. 4illustrates an embodiment in which fluid communication between the inlet110and the chamber108can be obstructed by a portion of the flow control member120in the first, closed position.

In some embodiments, the inlet110may be in fluid communication with a pressure source so that when the inlet110is not obstructed by the flow control member, pressure from the pressure source is transmitted through the inlet110into the chamber108. The configuration of the inlet110, flow control member120, bleed outlet114, and work outlet112allow fine level control of pressure transmitted through the flow control device102and out of the work outlet112. The flow control device102can permit both high work pressure to be transmitted through the work outlet112—such as may be desired for rapid, high volume dispensing—as well as fine control such as is made possible by transmitting low work pressure through the work outlet112.

In some embodiments, therefore, the flow control device102can deliver work pressure having a minimum value of, for example, at least 0.010 PSI, at least 0.020 PSI, at least 0.030 PSI, at least 0.033 PSI, at least 0.036 PSI, at least 0.040 PSI, at least 0.043 PSI, at least 0.046 PSI, at least 0.050 PSI, at least 0.053 PSI, at least 0.056 PSI, at least 0.060 PSI, at least 0.063 PSI, at least 0.066 PSI, at least 0.070 PSI, at least 0.075 PSI, at least 0.080 PSI, at least 0.085 PSI, at least 0.090 PSI, at least 0.095 PSI, or at least 0.10 PSI. The flow control device102also can deliver a maximum work pressure of no more than 100 PSI, no more than 90 PSI, no more than 80 PSI, no more than 70 PSI, no more than 60 PSI, no more than 50 PSI, no more than 40 PSI, no more than 30 PSI, no more than 25 PSI, no more than 20 PSI, no more than 15 PSI, no more than 10 PSI, no more than 9 PSI, no more than 8 PSI, no more than 7 PSI, no more than 6 PSI, no more than 5 PSI, no more than 4 PSI, no more than 3 PSI, no more than 2 PSI, or no more than 1 PSI. The work pressure delivered by the flow control device102may be expressed as a range having, as endpoints, any minimum work pressure listed above and any maximum work pressure listed above that is greater than the minimum work pressure. In one particular embodiment, the flow control device102can deliver a range of work pressures having a minimum of 0.036 PSI and having a maximum of 25 PSI.

Many conventional pressure regulation devices exhibit what is known as “crack pressure.” This term relates to the tendency of the device to rise from zero pressure with a spike. This spike can limit the extent to which the system can smoothly and variably apply very low pressures in a controlled manner while still being able to apply the relatively high pressures that can be desirable during, for example, a rapid dispensing phase of a dispense cycle. The pressures required during a rapid dispensing phase can be several hundreds of times greater than the pressures required during a low pressure, precise finishing phase of a dispense cycle.

The flow control device102is designed to rise from zero pressure to a pressure controlled by the user without a spike or other sudden jump in pressure. This is achieved by a “controlled bleed” strategy that involves the bleed outlet114. When the flow control device102is in the idle state—when the flow control member is repositioned such that the bleed outlet114is minimally occluded (or unoccluded) (e.g., in the flow control core embodiment, just forward from the position shown inFIG. 1so that the inlet110is no longer obstructed) the vast majority of the pressure transmitted into the chamber108through the inlet110is released through the bleed outlet114.

FIG. 21illustrates how the controlled bleed feature of the flow control device102compares to conventional flow control designs that are susceptible to “crack pressure” at low pressures. The curve representing work pressure measured from a flow control device102as described herein rises from zero in a smooth, gradual fashion. In contrast, the “crack pressure” representative of a conventional device exhibits a spike in pressure as work pressure rises from zero. The existence of the “crack pressure” makes it difficult to accurately and precisely control work pressure at very low pressures consumed within the spike.

Generally, the ratio of the bleed outlet114flow area to the work outlet112flow area determines the ratio of the pressure transmitted through the bleed outlet114versus the pressure transmitted through the work outlet112. As used herein, “flow area” means the cross-sectional area of the open portion of a fluid outlet (e.g., the bleed outlet114or the work outlet112), in conjunction with the geometry and properties of the surfaces that form and surround the fluid outlet, acting together to result in a certain flow rate through the fluid outlet for a given fluid at a given pressure drop across the fluid outlet. For example, if a fluid on the common upstream side of first and second fluid outlets is at a certain pressure, then the fluid will flow at a higher rate through whichever fluid outlet comprises the greater flow area. For a simple circular orifice or annulus, flow area may be largely determined by the open cross-sectional area of the shape. However, certain surface features may induce turbulence or greater flow resistance, and therefore cause a net reduction in flow area. Moreover, by way of example, the profile of the distal end130of the flow control core and the an inner profile of the bleed outlet114may be chosen such that, as the two profiles nest in a given position, greater or lesser flow restriction can be realized, thus resulting in respective greater or lesser flow area.

As the flow control core is repositioned forward so that the distal end130begins to occlude a portion of the bleed outlet114, the ratio of the bleed outlet114flow area and the work outlet112flow area change and, consequently, the relative pressures transmitted through the bleed outlet114and the work outlet112change. In certain embodiments, the flow control device102can be configured with a ratio of bleed outlet114flow area to work outlet112flow area so that the observed pressure transmitted through the work outlet112—i.e., the “work pressure”—can be near zero. As one slowly advances the flow control core so that the distal end130begins to occlude the bleed outlet114, the pressure transmitted through the work outlet112will increase at a smooth and controllable rate. This permits the user to easily control the flow rate of fluid (e.g., a paint component) dispensed during a low pressure dispensing phase such as, for example, a finishing phase—a phase in which accurate and precise dispensing may be desirable.

When one advances the flow control core to a full forward position, the ratio of the bleed outlet114flow area to work outlet112flow area is minimized and pressure transmitted through the work outlet112is maximized, allowing for rapid dispensing of fluid. In embodiments in which the bleed outlet114is fully occluded when the flow control core is in the fully forward positions (e.g., as shown inFIG. 3), the pressure transmitted through the work outlet112will be nearly equal to the pressure supplied to the flow control device102through the inlet110. The combination of these flow control characteristics at both high pressure and at low pressure allows one to rapidly dispense fluid (e.g., at high pressure) as well as easy, accurate, and/or precise low pressure dispensing without experiencing the “crack pressure” phenomenon.

The tip end126of the flow control core can be configured to provide any desired pressure transition pattern as the flow control core is repositioned forward to occlude at least a portion of the bleed outlet114. The flow control core shown inFIGS. 1-3has a relative long tip end126having a gradual increase in diameter. Such a design can deliver slow, gradual, even increases in the pressure that is transmitted to the work outlet112as the flow control core is repositioned forward. However, other configurations of the tip end126of the flow control core may be designed. For example, a tip end126that possess a shorter distal end130and a less gradual tapering may more rapidly increase the pressure transmitted through the work outlet112as the tip end126is repositioned forward to at least partially occlude the bleed outlet114. (See, e.g.,FIG. 4andFIG. 5). Such a design may be desirable for dispensing fluids that, for example, do not require fine, low pressure dispensing. As another example, a longer tip end126may allow an even more gradual increase in diameter and a corresponding more gradual increase in pressure transmitted through the work outlet112as the tip end126is repositioned forward to at least partially occlude the bleed outlet114. This may be desirable for dispensing fluids in which, for example, fine, precise, accurate measurements is of primary importance. Such a design may be complemented by a configuration, such as is shown inFIG. 1, in which in the idle position, the distal end130occludes no portion of the bleed outlet114. As one final example, a tip end126may be designed so that the rate at which the diameter of the of the tip end126changes. For example, the distal end130may be long and narrow with a slow and gradual increase in diameter, while the medial portion128may increase in diameter more rapidly than the distal end130increases in diameter. Such a configuration may combine the ability to precisely dispense at low pressure—due to the slow and gradually increasing diameter of the distal end130—and then rapidly transition to rapid, high pressure dispensing—due to the more rapid increase in diameter of the medial portion128and the corresponding more rapid occlusion of the bleed outlet114as the flow control core is repositioned forward.

Because the tip end126can be configured to provide any desired pressure transition pattern, the flow control core can be configured so that the distal end130can be an interchangeable part, allowing one to select an interchangeable distal end130of the flow control core that delivers a pressure transition pattern that is appropriate for a given application. Thus, in some embodiments, the flow control core may be configured to include any appropriate mechanism for coupling with a replaceable distal end130. Exemplary coupling mechanisms can include a screw threading, a collet, a snap fitting, or a press fitting. In some embodiments, in may be possible before use to advance the flow control core a position such as that shown inFIG. 3, so that the distal end130is accessible for interchanging parts.

In some embodiments, the bleed outlet114can include a bleed outlet seal116. A bleed outlet seal116may be composed of any material that can provide a fluid tight seal with the flow control member120(e.g., a sliding fluid tight seal with the tip end of the flow control core, in the embodiments shown). Thus, a bleed outlet seal116may include an elastomeric material such as, for example, a natural or synthetic rubber.

In some embodiments, the bleed outlet114may be in fluid communication with a fluid reservoir. In some of these embodiments, the fluid reservoir also may be in fluid communication with the inlet110. In such embodiments, fluid—whether liquid or gaseous—used to transmit fluid pressure from the pressure source into the flow control device102may be recycled.

In some embodiments, the work outlet112may be in fluid communication with a work apparatus. Generally, a work apparatus may be any apparatus that can employ pressure transmitted to it from the work outlet112to accomplish a mechanical function. In the system illustrated inFIG. 11, a work apparatus may include, for example, a dispenser of liquid. More specifically, the work outlet112may be in fluid communication with a component of the work apparatus configured to perform a specific pressure-regulated function. In the system illustrated inFIG. 14, and represented schematically inFIGS. 6-9, the work outlet112may be in fluid communication, and therefore regulate the function of, for example, a valve body actuator and/or a valve body clamp. As indicated above, when the flow area of the bleed outlet114is greater than the flow area of the work outlet112, then the flow control device102can produce a near zero work pressure. Thus, in some embodiments, the flow area of the bleed outlet114may be greater than the flow area of the work outlet112by a predetermined ratio. The predetermined ratio may be a ratio having a minimum of at least 5:1 such as, for example, at least 10:1, at least 15:1, at least 20:1, at least 25:1, at least 30:1, at least 35:1, at least 40:1, at least 45:1, at least 50:1, at least 55:1, at least 60:1, at least 65:1, at least 70:1, at least 75:1, at least 80:1, at least 85:1, at least 90:1, at least 95:1, at least 100:1, or at least 105:1. The predetermined ratio may be a ratio having a maximum of no more than 120:1, no more than 110:1, no more than 100:1, no more than 95:1, no more than 90:1, no more than 85:1, no more than 80:1, no more than 75:1, no more than 70:1, no more than 65:1, no more than 60:1, no more than 55:1, no more than 50:1, no more than 45:1, no more than 40:1, no more than 35:1, no more than 30:1, no more than 25:1, or no more than 20:1. The predetermined ratio also may be expressed as a range having, as endpoints, any minimum ratio listed above and any maximum ratio listed above that is greater than the minimum ratio. In various specific embodiments, the ratio of the bleed flow area to the work flow area can be, for example, 10:1, 25:1, 50:1, or 64:1.

Various embodiments of the flow control device102describe above may be a component of a fluid dispensing system. In some cases, the fluid dispensing system may be a bench top fluid dispensing system200such as the system illustrated inFIG. 11. In other cases, the fluid dispensing system may be a handheld fluid dispensing system300such as the system illustrated inFIG. 19. Whether a bench top system or a hand held system, the fluid dispensing system generally includes a housing that includes a coupler, a pressure outlet, and an actuator; and a flow control device102, as described above, in mechanical communication and/or fluid communication with the actuator and in fluid communication with the pressure outlet. The system also includes a dispenser assembly that includes a fluid reservoir and a cap and valve assembly, described in more detail below that couples the fluid reservoir to the housing via the housing coupler.

An exemplary hand held dispensing system300is illustrated inFIG. 19. The hand held system includes a housing302that includes a flow control device102(not shown) in fluid communication a pressure source and in fluid communication with a pressure outlet304. The pressure outlet304may be configured to align with and/or otherwise provide fluid communication with a pressure inlet component of a dispensing assembly200, described in more detail below. The flow control device is also engaged with the actuator318. The housing302also includes a coupler306. In the embodiment shown inFIG. 19, the coupler306includes a series of clips308that are configured to engage receiving slots on a dispenser assembly220.FIG. 19illustrates one exemplary configuration of clips308engaging the dispensing assembly.

In some embodiments, the hand held system300can employ a somewhat simpler design of flow control device102because of space limitations. One exemplary flow control device102design suitable for use in a hand held device300is illustrated inFIG. 4andFIG. 5. In use, depressing the actuator318(FIG. 19) can reposition the flow control core from an original position such as that shown inFIG. 4to an actuated position such as is shown inFIG. 5. In the actuated position shown inFIG. 5, pressure enters the flow control device102through the inlet110, traverses the chamber108, and, depending on the extent of actuation, exits the chamber through the bleed outlet114and/or work outlet112. The work outlet112(shown inFIG. 5) is in fluid communication with the pressure outlet304in the housing302of the hand held system300(shown inFIG. 19). Pressure transmitted from the work outlet112is subsequently transmitted through the pressure outlet308and to the dispensing assembly220.

An exemplary bench top fluid dispensing system200is illustrated inFIG. 11. The bench top system200includes a housing202that includes a coupler206(various components of which are shown in more detail inFIG. 14. andFIG. 17) configured to sealingly receive and/or engage a dispensing assembly220. The housing also includes a pressure outlet204and an actuator218. The bench top system200provides fluid communication between a pressure source (e.g., through the flow control device102) and the pressure outlet204. The pressure outlet204may be configured to align with and/or otherwise provide fluid communication with a pressure inlet component of a dispensing assembly200, described in more detail below.

The coupler206includes a coupling mechanism208configured to receive and/or sealingly engage at least a portion of a dispensing assembly220. In the embodiment shown inFIG. 14andFIG. 17, the coupling mechanism can include a slotted mount210configured to be complementary to at least a portion of a dispensing assembly220. In some embodiments, the coupling mechanism208can include a clamp configured to engage a portion of the dispensing assembly220and hold the dispensing assembly220in place while in use with the bench top system200. In embodiments that include a clamp as a coupling mechanism208, the clamp may be manually operated or, in some embodiments, actuated by fluid pressure from the bench top system200. In embodiments in which the clamp is operated using pressure from the bench top system200, the clamp can include a clamp/manifold assembly212that, when clamped, transmits pressure signals to the dispensing assembly220. The clamp also can include a clamp actuator214that can supply clamping force to the clamp/manifold assembly212. The complementary configuration of the coupler206and the dispensing assembly220is shown in greater detail inFIG. 22.

In some embodiments, shown inFIGS. 25-29, the coupler can include separate actuators287,288, and289that can separately engage with the cap and valve assembly224when the dispensing assembly220is positioned in the bench top device200. Pressure delivered from the manifold assembly (291,FIG. 25;292,FIG. 26) can control the movement of actuators287,288, and289. Pressure may be delivered to the manifold assembly via one or more manifold inlets290, shown inFIG. 29.FIG. 25andFIG. 27show the actuators287,288, and289unengaged with their counterpart structures (234,280, and282, respectively) of the cap and valve assembly224. A pressure signal delivered to a first manifold portion291(i.e., an “up” signal) (shown in the cross-section ofFIG. 25) can position the actuators to the positions shown inFIGS. 25,27, and29. A pressure signal delivered to a second manifold portion292(i.e., a “down” signal) (shown in the cross-section ofFIG. 26) can reposition the actuators from the positions shown inFIGS. 25,27, and29to the positions shown inFIG. 26andFIG. 28.

In some embodiments, a single pressure signal delivered from the first and second manifold portions291and292, respectively, can control all of the actuators, each of which can be moveable independently of the other actuators. That is, while the actuators287,288, and289are controlled by a single pressure signal within the first manifold portion291, each actuator may move independently of the others to the extent necessary to engage their counterpart structures (234,280, and282, respectively) of the cap and valve assembly244, as shown inFIG. 26andFIG. 28. Likewise, a single signal within the second manifold292can reverse the movement of actuators287,288, and289.

In some embodiments, the seal between the actuators287,288, and289their respective counterpart structures234,280, and282is provided by sealing members disposed on the engaging end of each actuator. In one embodiment, the sealing members are removable and replaceable. In one embodiment, the sealing members are removable and replaceable by hand (i.e., without the use of tools). In some embodiments, the sealing members are integral, such as being formed by an overmold.

The actuator218is configured to actuate a dispenser assembly220, thereby allowing delivery of fluid pressure from the pressure outlet204to the dispenser assembly.

FIG. 14shows additional optional components that can be a part of a conventional pressurized system. These conventional components include, for example, pressure sources215A and215B and safety valves217A and217B,

In use, a user manipulates the handle138, which actuates the flow of pressure into the system. In some cases, the handle may correspond to the knob132(e.g.,FIG. 1-3) or rotational handle138(e.g.,FIG. 11) of a flow control device102as described above. Regardless of whether a flow control device102is involved, manipulating the handle introduces pressure into the bench top system200. The pressure is transmitted to the pressure outlet204in the housing202, where it may be further transmitted to a corresponding pressure inlet of a dispensing assembly220secured into the coupler206. The pressure transmitted from the bench top system200to the dispensing assembly220in this way allows the user to controllably dispense fluid from the dispensing assembly220.

In some embodiments, one or both of the coupler206and the actuator218may be in fluid communication with a controller through which a user can control the function of the coupler206and/or the actuator218. In some of these embodiments, the coupler may be in fluid communication with a first controller and the actuator may be in fluid communication with a second controller. In some of these embodiments, the first and second controllers may be components of a sequencer assembly400(FIG. 14, shown in detail inFIG. 20).

The sequencer assembly400can allow a user to control the timing and sequence of events that occur during a typical dispense cycle. In the absence of the sequencer assembly, if the user suddenly transition from a fast fill (i.e., high pressure) condition to a stop/valve closed condition, residual pressure could be stored in the fluid reservoir portion of a dispensing assembly. This residual pressure may then be released the next time that the dispensing assembly for the reservoir is used. The next user may be unaware that residual pressure is stored in the fluid reservoir and the unexpected release of the stored pressure may result in a fluid spill or other accidental mishap. To avoid residual pressure, one can close off pressure to the dispensing device220prior to releasing the dispensing device220from the coupler206of the bench top system200. One way of achieving the proper sequence of these steps is to employ commercially available pneumatic logic blocks. These devices can, however, be costly. Thus, we have devised an alternative sequence assembly400.

An exemplary sequencer assembly400is illustrated inFIG. 20. The sequencer assembly400includes a body wall402that defines a lumen404. A first pressure inlet406provides fluid communication between the lumen404and a pressure source such as, for example, a work outlet112of a flow control device102, described above. A second pressure inlet407provides fluid communication between the lumen404and a pressure source such as, for example, a sequencer assembly control valve140of a flow control device102. The sequencer assembly400further includes a first sequencer control408that includes a first sequencer valve410and a first pressure outlet412that provides fluid communication between the first sequencer control408and a first output device, and a second sequencer control414that includes a second sequencer valve416and a second pressure outlet418that provides fluid communication between the second sequencer control414and a second output device. The sequencer assembly400also includes a sequencer core424slidably positioned within the lumen404and whose position in the lumen is controlled by the transmission of pressure into the lumen404through the pressure input406.

The sequencer assembly400may be in fluid communication with a flow control device102as shown inFIG. 14. The flow control device102is in fluid communication with the bench top system coupler206and dispensing assembly220as described above. The flow control device102also is in fluid communication with the sequencer assembly.FIGS. 1-3illustrate an embodiment of a flow control device102configured to provide fluid communication to more than one system component via a plurality of work outlets112.FIG. 12andFIG. 13show embodiments configured to provide fluid communication to a sequencing assembly400through sequencer assembly control valve140. Thus, actuation of the flow control device102not only transmits pressure to the dispensing assembly220, but also transmits pressure to the sequencer assembly400through the first pressure inlet406and actuates sequencer core424(shown inFIG. 20).

In the embodiment shown inFIG. 20, as the sequencer core424is advanced in the lumen404as a result of pressure transmitted through the first pressure inlet406, it first actuates the first sequencer valve410. As the sequencer core424is advanced further, it eventually actuates the second sequencer valve416. As the sequencer core424is advanced further along the overtravel distance420, no additional actuation occurs. The overtravel distance420is used to time the phases of the “shut off” sequence when the dispensing of fluid is complete.

When dispensing the fluid is finished and the user returns the flow control device102actuator to the closed or “off” position, the flow control member120(e.g., a flow control core in the embodiment shown) actuates the sequencer assembly control valve140, transmitting pressure from the flow control device102, through the sequencer assembly control valve140, and to the sequencer assembly lumen404through the second pressure inlet407. (FIG. 13andFIG. 14). This pressure retracts the sequencer core424, first disengaging from the second sequencer valve416, then disengaging from the first sequencer valve410, thereby first closing off pressure to the second sequencer control414, then closing off pressure to the first sequencer control408. As pressure is closed off from each sequencer control, the supply of pressure to the first output device and second output device is disrupted and those output devices cease to function in sequence.

In one embodiment, the first output device may be a fluid pressure-driven clamp serving as a coupler206in a bench top fluid dispensing system200as shown inFIG. 11. The second output device in such an embodiment may be an actuator218as shown inFIG. 11. In such an embodiment, movement of the sequencer core424past the first sequencer valve410results in pressure being transmitted from the first sequencer control408through the first pressure outlet412and to the first output device—e.g., the fluid pressure-driven clamp, which clamps the dispensing assembly in place within the coupler206of the bench top system housing202. As the sequencer core424continues to advance, it actuates the second sequencer valve416, resulting in pressure being transmitted from the second sequencer control414through the second sequencer outlet418and to the second output device—e.g., the actuator218.

When dispensing is complete and the sequencer core424begins its retraction, it first retracts along the overtravel distance420. The travel time required for the sequencer core424to traverse the overtravel distance420provides idle time during which residual pressure introduced into the dispensing assembly can be vented before the sequencer core424disengages from the second sequencer valve, thereby disrupting the supply of pressure to, and shutting off, the actuator218. As sequencer core424continues to retract, it disengages from the first sequencer valve410, disrupting the supply of pressure to, and shutting off, the fluid pressure-driven clamp of the coupler206, allowing the user to remove the dispensing device220from the bench top system200. The amount of travel time provided in this manner is controlled, at least in part, by variable flow controls mounted to the sequencer actuator.

In some embodiments, the sequencer assembly can include a third sequencer control the include a third sequencer valve and a third pressure output that provides fluid communication between the third sequencer control and a third output device. The sequencing of de-energizing the system can work with three sequencer controls controlling three output devices in the same manner at that described in detail for the two sequencing control design. One can design the overtravel distance420and the space between sequencer controls to provide the proper timing delay of de-energizing the output devices.

Whether the fluid dispensing system is a bench top system or a hand held system, the system includes a dispensing assembly220that generally includes a fluid reservoir222and a cap and valve assembly224. In the embodiments illustrated in the various Figures, the fluid reservoir222is illustrated as a bottle. However, the fluid reservoir222can be have any form suitable for containing a fluid such as, for example, a pouch, a bag, a box, a can, a canister, etc. One feature of, for example, the bench top system200described above is that it can be used in combination with a fluid reservoir222that need not have a defined shape—e.g., a bottle or canister having at least semi-rigid walls. Because the fluid reservoir222is secured into the bench top system222via a coupler206, fluid can be dispensed from the fluid reservoir222while the fluid reservoir222is suspended by the cap and valve assembly224from the coupler206of the bench top system housing202, as shown inFIG. 11. Accordingly, the fluid reservoir222need not possess rigid or semi-rigid structure to allow efficient, accurate, dispensing of fluid.

The cap and valve assembly224generally includes a cap226configured to sealingly engage with an opening on the fluid reservoir222. Often, the sealing engagement between the fluid reservoir222and the cap226involves complementary threading that allows for a “screw cap”-type fit. Other coupling strategies are possible, however, including, for example, a clamp or a snap fitting. In some embodiments, such as those involving a cap and valve assembly having modular parts described in more detail below, the cap226may be configured so that the sealing engagement with the opening of the fluid reservoir222is nonreversible. The cap226also includes a pressure inlet228the provides fluid communication through the cap226to the interior of the fluid reservoir222, and a flow inlet230in fluid communication with fluid contained in the fluid reservoir222.

The cap and valve assembly224further includes an elongate member232that includes a pressure coupler234, an outlet aperture238, a lumen236providing fluid communication between the flow inlet230and the outlet aperture238, a repositionable valve core240disposed within the lumen236, and core control apertures280and282. The pressure coupler234may be configured to align or otherwise provide fluid communication with the pressure outlet (204or304) of the fluid dispensing system (200or300, respectively). This alignment or other fluid communication allows delivery of pressure provided by the system to the fluid reservoir222for dispensing fluid. The pressure provided by the system through the pressure outlet (204or304) may be controlled by a user through the flow control device102.

The repositionable valve core may be disposed in at least two positions. In a first position, illustrated inFIG. 15, the valve core240obstructs fluid communication between the pressure coupler234and the pressure inlet228. In this position, the valve core240obstructs the application of pressure from the system into the fluid reservoir222and, therefore, obstructs the flow of fluid from the fluid reservoir222, through the flow inlet230, the lumen236of the elongate member232, and out the outlet aperture238.

In a second position, however, illustrated inFIG. 16, the valve core240is actuated to provide fluid communication from the pressure coupler234to the pressure inlet228, thereby providing pressure to the fluid reservoir222. In this position, pressure transmitted to the fluid reservoir222can force fluid from the reservoir222out through the flow inlet230, through the lumen236of the elongate member232, and out the outlet aperture238.

The repositionable valve core240may be repositioned by applying pressure through core control apertures280and282. Pressure applied through core control aperture280repositions the repositionable valve core240forward—i.e., in the direction going from the first position to the second position described immediately above. Pressure applied through control aperture282repositions the repositionable valve core240back—i.e., in the direction going from the second position to the first position described immediately above. In this context, reference to the first position and second position illustrated inFIG. 15andFIG. 16is provided to illustrate the general direction of movement of the repositionable valve core240. In use, pressure may be applied through the core control apertures280and282without fully reaching the first position and second position. In the second position, shown inFIG. 16, fluid communication between the pressure coupler234and the pressure inlet228is established so that dispensing pressure may be applied to the fluid in the reservoir222.

In the embodiment illustrated inFIG. 26andFIG. 28, in which actuators287,288, and289separately engage the cap and valve assembly224, the actuators287,288, and289may be configured to align with the pressure coupler234, core control aperture280, and core control aperture282, so that pressure may be delivered through the actuators to control dispensing of the fluid from the reservoir222.

In some embodiments, the elongate member232may be constructed of material transparent enough to allow one to view contents of, for example, the lumen236.

In a hand held system300, as described above and illustrated inFIG. 19, the valve core240may be actuated into the second position by mechanical action of the actuator318. In a bench top system200, as described above and illustrated inFIG. 10, the valve core240may be actuated by a fluid pressure-driven actuator218(FIG. 11andFIG. 14) controlled by a sequencer assembly400described above and illustrated inFIG. 14andFIG. 20.

The cap and valve assembly224can further include a housing coupler242configured to be received and/or otherwise engaged by a coupler (206or306) on the housing (202or302) of the fluid dispensing system (200or300, respectively). In the context of a hand held system300as illustrated inFIG. 19, the housing coupler242may be as simple as slots configured to be engaged by clips308(FIG. 18). In the context of a bench top system200, the housing coupler242can include one or more shoulders244configured to be received by slotted mount210(FIG. 17). In some embodiments, the housing coupler242can further include a positioning groove configured to engage a positioning nodule on the coupler206on the housing202.

In some embodiments, the cap and valve assembly224can further include a flange284configure to engage with locking pin286, as shown inFIGS. 25-29. In the embodiment shown inFIGS. 25-29, the locking pin286may be controlled by the manifold assembly212in a manner similar to the control of actuators287,288, and289.FIG. 25,FIG. 27, andFIG. 29show the locking pin286in a first position in which the locking pin286is not engaged with any portion of the cap and valve assembly224. Upon application of a pressure signal, locking pin286moves to a second position shown inFIG. 26andFIG. 28in which the locking pin286engages with the flange284of the cap and valve assembly224, locking the dispensing assembly220in place.

In some embodiments, the cap and valve assembly224can further include a repositionable tip cover248covering the end of the elongate member232. In one position, the tip cover248can cover the outlet aperture238, whereas in a second position, the tip cover can expose the outlet aperture238. In contrast to other devices, the repositioning of the tip cover248can be independent of the repositioning of the valve core240and the corresponding transmission of pressure into the fluid reservoir222. Consequently, repositioning the tip cover248to expose the outlet aperture does not necessarily result in dispensing fluid through the outlet aperture238. Positioning the tip cover248to cover the outlet aperture238can clean the outlet aperture238of residual fluid remaining at the outlet aperture238after dispensing of fluid is complete. In some embodiments, the tip cover248may be rotatable around the long axis of the elongate member232. Doing so may help limit accumulation of dried fluid on the portion of the tip cover248that covers the outlet aperture238.

The tip cover248can be configured to be replaceable component. In some embodiments, it may be a single piece that is configured to slide over the end of the elongate member232. In other cases, it may be produced as a two-part piece that may be, for example, snap fitted together over the end of the elongate member232.

In some embodiments, the valve core240can further include a seal250. The seal may be configured so that when the valve core240is positioned to provide dispensing of fluid, as is shown inFIG. 16, the seal250is distal to the outlet aperture238, but when the valve core240is in the position shown inFIG. 15, the seal250is proximal to the outlet aperture238. Thus, the seal250can prevent fluid communication between the outlet aperture238and the lumen236, flow inlet230, and/or fluid reservoir222in the event the tip cover248is not positioned to cover the outlet aperture238. The seal250can therefore inhibit the inadvertent drying of fluid in the lumen236or the flow inlet230in between dispensing events such as, for example, during storage of the dispensing assembly220.

In some embodiments, the cap and valve assembly224can further include a cap insert252configured to engage with a second fluid reservoir. The cap insert252may therefore allow one to use a single cap and valve assembly224with a series of different fluid reservoirs. Alternatively, since various manufacturers (e.g., paint manufacturers) use containers with varying cap sizes and/or, for example, thread pitch, the cap insert252may allow a shop, for example, to order a cap and valve assemblies with a single cap and use the cap insert252to adapt the cap and valve assembly224to fit a container provided by any particular manufacturer.

In some embodiments, the cap and valve assembly can include a modular cap component526and an elongate member component532. That is, the cap and the elongate member may be configured to be detachable from one another so that a single cap component526may be used interchangeably with various elongate member designs. Similarly, a single elongate member component532may be used interchangeably with various cap designs, as illustrated inFIG. 24. The modular nature of such cap and valve assemblies can allow a user to, for example, replace only a portion of the cap and valve assembly and retain a portion that is still fit for further use. For example, an elongate member may become unusable because, for example, fluid (e.g., a paint component) may dry and/or cure in the lumen or outlet aperture. In such an instance, the cap may remain fully functional. The modular nature of the cap and valve assembly allows a user to replace the elongate member while retaining use of the still functional cap component. Likewise, a user can replace a nonfunctional cap component while retaining use of a still functional elongate member component.

Thus, one can provide a kit that generally includes components such as those illustrated inFIG. 23andFIG. 24. As shown inFIG. 24, a cap component526may be configured to sealingly engage with a fluid reservoir (222A and222B) and an elongate member component532, each of which is configured to couple with the other. As shown inFIG. 24, the cap component526can include a pressure inlet528configured to align with a pressure orifice564on the elongate member component532to facilitate the transmission of pressure from the elongate member component532to the cap component526. Likewise, the elongate member component532can include a flow aperture566configured to align with a flow orifice568on the cap component526and provide fluid communication between the flow orifice568and the lumen of the elongate member component532.

The coupling between the cap component526and the elongate member component532may be any suitable coupling that provides sufficient structural integrity for the assembled cap and valve assembly to functionally dispense a fluid, while offering the interchangeability of components. Suitable couplings can include, for example, snap fittings or press fittings. Thus, the elongate member component includes a coupling mechanism560configured to couple with a complementary coupling mechanism562on the cap component526. In the embodiment shown inFIG. 24, the elongate member component532includes locking tabs as a coupling mechanism560configured to couple with slots as a coupling mechanism562on the cap component526.

In addition to the coupler configured to couple with the modular elongate member component, the modular cap component526can include any one or more features of the various embodiments of the cap portion of the cap and valve assembly224described above including, for example, a housing coupler or a cap insert. Likewise, in addition to the coupler configured to couple with the modular cap component, the modular elongate member component532can include any one or more of the features of the various embodiments of the elongate member portion of the cap and valve assembly224described above including, for example, a tip cover548or a seal550, as shown inFIG. 23, or construction from transparent material.

FIG. 24also illustrates the interchangeability of the modular components. In the illustrated example, a single elongate member component532is configured to be used with cap components526A and526B adapted for use with two different fluid reservoirs222A and222B, respectively. Each cap component526A and526B is similarly configured to couple with a single design of an elongate member component532. Each cap component526A and526B has similarly configured pressure inlets528and flow orifices568configured to align with the pressure orifice564and flow aperture566of the elongate member component532. Each cap component also has similarly configured slots562for engaging the locking tabs560of the elongate member component532.

Each cap component526A and526B also has a similarly configured housing coupler542, including similarly configured shoulders544for engagement with a bench top system as described herein.

Each fluid reservoir222A and222B includes a differently sized and/or differently threaded screwcap-type neck. Thus, each of the cap components526A and526B includes a fluid reservoir coupler (527A and527B, respectively) configured to sealingly engage with the neck of a particular design of fluid reservoir.

In the preceding description, particular embodiments may be described in isolation. Unless otherwise expressly specified that a particular embodiment may not be combined with another embodiment, any embodiment may be combined with one or more other compatible embodiments.

EXAMPLES

A flow control device was connected as follows to monitor work pressure transmitted from the flow control device and the device is actuated: Pressurized air supply, pressure regulator (R374-01ALTE010, Parker Hannifin Corp., Cleveland, Ohio), flow control device, cable style pressure transducer (PX209-015G5V, Omegadyne, Inc., Sunbury, Ohio), and FLUKE 189 Datalogger (Fluke Corp., Everett, Wash.). The sensor exhibited a bias of 0.075V at zero pressure.

The pressure regulator was opened to full flow so that the flow control device governed work pressure transmitted to the pressure sensor. Starting in the fully closed “off” position, work pressure was monitored by the pressure sensor. The flow control device was actuated in linear increments of 0.025 inches. The measured work pressure as a function of actuation is shown inFIG. 20(Controlled Bleed Flow Control).

Work pressure transmitted by the pressure regulator with the flow control device omitted is monitored. Starting with the pressure regulator in the fully closed “off” position, work pressure is monitored as the pressure regulator is actuated.FIG. 20shows expected representative data (Conventional Flow Control).

EXEMPLARY EMBODIMENTS

A flow control device comprising:

a body comprising a body wall that defines a chamber, the body wall comprising an inlet in fluid communication with the chamber, a work outlet comprising a work outlet flow area in fluid communication with the chamber, and a bleed outlet comprising an unoccluded bleed flow area in fluid communication with the chamber; and

a flow control member adapted to selectively occlude the bleed outlet;

wherein, in a second position, the flow control member at least partially occludes the bleed outlet to create a second bleed flow area and, in a first position, the flow control member occludes the bleed outlet to a smaller degree than when in the second position to create a first bleed flow area that is greater than the second bleed flow area.

The flow control device of Embodiment 1 wherein the flow control member comprises:

a flow control core at least partially within the chamber and controllably repositionable with respect to the chamber, the flow control core comprising:a body portion in slidable sealing engagement with the body wall;an actuation control end; anda tip end, the tip end comprising:a medial portion; anda distal portion comprising a cross sectional surface area that is less than the unoccluded bleed flow area;

the second position comprising a forward position wherein the tip end of the flow control core at least partially occludes the bleed outlet to create a second bleed flow area; and

the first position comprising a retracted position wherein the tip of end of the flow control core occludes the bleed outlet to a smaller degree than when in the forward position to create a first bleed flow area that is greater than the second bleed flow area.

The flow control device of Embodiment 2 wherein, in the forward position, the medial portion of the tip end sealingly engages the bleed outlet so that the tip end of the flow control core fully occludes the bleed outlet.

The flow control device of Embodiment 2 or Embodiment 3 wherein, in the retracted position, the tip end of the flow control core does not occlude the bleed outlet.

The flow control device of any preceding Embodiment wherein the inlet is in fluid communication with a source of fluid pressure.

The flow control device of Embodiment 5 wherein the bleed outlet is in fluid communication with a fluid reservoir.

The flow control device of Embodiment 6 wherein the fluid reservoir is in fluid communication with the source of fluid pressure, forming a closed circuit.

The flow control device of any preceding Embodiment wherein the work outlet is in fluid communication with a work apparatus.

The flow control device of Embodiment 8 wherein the work apparatus comprises a liquid dispenser.

The flow control device of any preceding Embodiment wherein the unoccluded bleed flow area is greater than the work outlet flow area.

The flow control device of Embodiment 10 wherein the unoccluded bleed flow area is greater than the work outlet flow area by a ratio of at least 5:1.

The flow control device of any preceding Embodiment wherein moving from the second position to the first position comprises moving the flow control member.

The flow control device of any preceding Embodiment wherein moving from the second position to the first position comprises moving the body.

A method comprising:

providing a flow control device comprising:a body comprising a body wall that defines a chamber, the body wall comprising an inlet in fluid communication with the chamber, a work outlet comprising a work outlet flow area in fluid communication with the chamber, and a bleed outlet comprising a unoccluded bleed flow area in fluid communication with the chamber; anda flow control member adapted to selectively occlude the bleed outlet; and

moving the flow control member between(i) a second position wherein the flow control member at least partially occludes the bleed outlet to create a second bleed flow area; and(ii) a first position wherein the flow control member occludes the bleed outlet to a smaller degree than when in the second position to create a first bleed flow area that is greater than the second bleed flow area.

The method of Embodiment 14 further comprising:

introducing a pressurized fluid to the chamber through the inlet;

wherein as the flow control member is moved from the first position to the second position, fluid pressure through the work outlet increases without a spike from zero pressure.

The method of any of Embodiments 14 or 15 wherein the flow control member comprises:

a flow control core at least partially within the chamber and controllably repositionable with respect to the chamber, the flow control core comprising:a body portion in slidable sealing engagement with the body wall;an actuation control end; anda tip end, the tip end comprising:a medial portion; anda distal portion comprising a cross sectional surface area that is less than the unoccluded bleed flow area;

the second position comprising a forward position wherein the tip end of the flow control core at least partially occludes the bleed outlet to create a second bleed flow area; and the first position comprising a retracted position wherein the tip of end of the flow control core occludes the bleed outlet to a smaller degree than when in the forward position to create a first bleed flow area that is greater than the second bleed flow area.

A method comprising:

providing a flow control device comprising:a body comprising a body wall that defines a chamber, the body wall comprising an inlet in fluid communication with the chamber, a work outlet comprising a work outlet flow area in fluid communication with the chamber, and a bleed outlet comprising an unoccluded bleed flow area in fluid communication with the chamber; and

introducing a pressurized fluid to the chamber through the inlet to establish a first ratio of fluid flow through the bleed outlet relative to the work outlet;

reducing the unoccluded bleed flow area to a second bleed flow area to establish a second ratio of fluid flow through the bleed outlet relative to the work outlet, the second ratio being less than the first ratio.

A system for dispensing a fluid, the system comprising:

a housing comprising a coupler, a pressure outlet, and an actuator; and

a flow control device in controllable communication with the actuator and in fluid communication with the pressure outlet, the flow control device comprising:a body comprising a body wall that defines a chamber, the body wall comprising an inlet in fluid communication with the chamber, a work outlet comprising a work outlet flow area in fluid communication with the chamber, and a bleed outlet comprising an unoccluded bleed flow area in fluid communication with the chamber; anda flow control member adapted to selectively occlude the bleed outlet;wherein, in a second position, the flow control member at least partially occludes the bleed outlet to create a second bleed flow area and, in a first position, the flow control member occludes the bleed outlet to a smaller degree than when in the second position to create a first bleed flow area that is greater than the second bleed flow area; and

a dispenser assembly comprising:a fluid reservoir, anda cap and valve assembly coupled to the housing via the coupler.

The system of Embodiment 18 wherein the flow control member comprises:

a flow control core at least partially within the chamber and controllably repositionable with respect to the chamber, the flow control core comprising:a body portion in slidable sealing engagement with the body wall;an actuation control end; anda tip end, the tip end comprising:a medial portion; anda distal portion comprising a cross sectional surface area that is less than the unoccluded bleed flow area;

the second position comprising a forward position wherein the tip end of the flow control core at least partially occludes the bleed outlet to create a second bleed flow area; and

the first position comprising a retracted position wherein the tip of end of the flow control core occludes the bleed outlet to a smaller degree than when in the forward position to create a first bleed flow area that is greater than the second bleed flow area.

A device for dispensing fluid from a fluid reservoir comprising a coupler, the device comprising:

a housing comprising:a flow control device in fluid communication with a pressure source and comprising:a body comprising a body wall that defines a chamber, the body wall comprising an inlet in fluid communication with the chamber, a work outlet comprising a work outlet flow area in fluid communication with the chamber, and a bleed outlet comprising an unoccluded bleed flow area in fluid communication with the chamber; anda flow control member adapted to selectively occlude the bleed outlet;wherein, in a second position, the flow control member at least partially occludes the bleed outlet to create a second bleed flow area and, in a first position, the flow control member occludes the bleed outlet to a smaller degree than when in the second position to create a first bleed flow area that is greater than the second bleed flow area; anda pressure outlet in fluid communication with the flow control device;an actuator engaged with the flow control core of the flow control device; anda coupler configured to engage a dispenser assembly.

The device of Embodiment 20 wherein the flow control member comprises:

a flow control core at least partially within the chamber and controllably repositionable with respect to the chamber, the flow control core comprising:a body portion in slidable sealing engagement with the body wall;an actuation control end; anda tip end, the tip end comprising:a medial portion; anda distal portion comprising a cross sectional surface area that is less than the unoccluded bleed flow area;

the second position comprising a forward position wherein the tip end of the flow control core at least partially occludes the bleed outlet to create a second bleed flow area; and

the first position comprising a retracted position wherein the tip of end of the flow control core occludes the bleed outlet to a smaller degree than when in the forward position to create a first bleed flow area that is greater than the second bleed flow area.

The device of any of Embodiments 20-21 wherein the coupler comprises a clip configured to engage a cap and valve assembly.

An apparatus for dispensing fluid, the apparatus comprising:

a housing that comprises:a coupler comprising a coupling mechanism configured to sealingly engage at least a portion of a dispenser assembly;a pressure outlet in fluid communication with a pressure source and configured provide fluid communication with a pressure inlet on the dispenser assembly; andan actuator configured to actuate a dispenser assembly, thereby delivering pressure to the dispenser assembly from the pressure outlet.

The apparatus of Embodiment 23 wherein the coupling mechanism comprises a clamp configured to engage a coupling platform of the dispenser assembly.

The apparatus of Embodiment 23 or Embodiment 24 wherein the coupler is in fluid communication with a first controller.

The apparatus of any of Embodiments 23-25 wherein the actuator is in fluid communication with a second controller.

The apparatus of Embodiment 26 wherein the first controller and second controller are controlled by a sequencer assembly.

The apparatus of any of Embodiments 23-27 further comprising a flow control device in fluid communication with one or more of: the coupler, the actuator, and the pressure outlet;

the flow control device comprising:a body comprising a body wall that defines a chamber, the body wall comprising an inlet in fluid communication with the chamber, a work outlet comprising a work outlet flow area in fluid communication with the chamber, and a bleed outlet comprising an unoccluded bleed flow area in fluid communication with the chamber; anda flow control member adapted to selectively occlude the bleed outlet;wherein, in a second position, the flow control member at least partially occludes the bleed outlet to create a second bleed flow area and, in a first position, the flow control member occludes the bleed outlet to a smaller degree than when in the second position to create a first bleed flow area that is greater than the second bleed flow area.

The apparatus of Embodiment 28 wherein the flow control member comprises:

a flow control core at least partially within the chamber and controllably repositionable with respect to the chamber, the flow control core comprising:a body portion in slidable sealing engagement with the body wall;an actuation control end; anda tip end, the tip end comprising:a medial portion; anda distal portion comprising a cross sectional surface area that is less than the unoccluded bleed flow area;

the second position comprising a forward position wherein the tip end of the flow control core at least partially occludes the bleed outlet to create a second bleed flow area; and

the first position comprising a retracted position wherein the tip of end of the flow control core occludes the bleed outlet to a smaller degree than when in the forward position to create a first bleed flow area that is greater than the second bleed flow area.

The apparatus of any of Embodiments 28-29 wherein fluid communication between the flow control device and one or more of the coupler and the actuator comprises fluid communication with an intervening sequencer assembly.

A sequencer assembly comprising:

a body comprising:a body wall that defines a lumen,a pressure inlet through the body wall that provides fluid communication between the lumen and a pressure source,a first sequencer control comprising a first sequencer valve and a first pressure outlet providing fluid communication between the first sequencer control and a first output device, anda second sequencer control comprising a second sequencer valve and a second pressure outlet providing fluid communication between the second sequencer control and a second output device;

a sequencer core slidably positioned in the lumen, wherein in a first position the sequencer core actuates neither the first sequencer valve nor the second sequencer valve, in a second position the sequencer core actuates both the first sequencer valve and the second sequencer valve, and in an intermediate position between the first position and the second position, the sequencer core actuates the first sequencer valve but not the second sequencer valve.

The sequencer assembly of Embodiment 31 wherein actuating the first sequencer valve releases pressure through the first pressure outlet that actuates the first output device.

The sequencer assembly of Embodiment 32 wherein actuating the second sequencer valve releases pressure through the second pressure outlet that actuates the second output device.

The sequencer assembly of Embodiment 33 wherein moving the sequencer core from the first position to the second position actuates the first sequencer valve and, after a delay, actuates the second sequencer valve.

The sequencer assembly of Embodiment 34 wherein the delay in actuating the second sequencer valve is a function of the distance between the first sequencer valve and the second sequencer valve.

The sequencer assembly of Embodiment 35 wherein the delay in actuating the second sequencer valve is a function of the speed at which the sequencer core is moved from the first position to the second position.

The sequencer assembly of any preceding Embodiment wherein moving the sequencer core from the second position to the first position first de-actuates the second sequencer valve and then de-actuates the first sequencer valve.

The sequencer assembly of Embodiment 37 wherein the second position comprises an overtravel distance such that a time delay exists between initiating moving the sequencer core from the second position to the first position and de-actuating the second sequencer valve.

The sequencer assembly of any preceding Embodiment comprising at least a third sequencer control comprising a third sequencer valve and a third pressure outlet providing fluid communication between the third sequencer control and a third output device.

A method of dispensing a fluid, the method comprising:

providing the system of any of Embodiments 18 or 19; and
actuating the actuator.

A method of dispensing a fluid, the method comprising:

providing the device of any of Embodiments 20-22; and
actuating the actuator.

A method for dispensing a fluid, the method comprising:

providing the apparatus of any one of Embodiments 23-30; and
actuating the actuator.

The method of any one of Embodiments 40-42 wherein the fluid comprises a liquid.

The method of any one of Embodiments 40-43 wherein the fluid comprises a paint component.

A method of delivering a controlled increased air pressure, the method comprising:

providing an apparatus that comprises an actuator in control of a flow control device, the flow control device comprising:a body comprising a body wall that defines a chamber, the body wall comprising an inlet in fluid communication with the chamber, a work outlet comprising a work outlet flow area in fluid communication with the chamber, and a bleed outlet comprising an unoccluded bleed flow area in fluid communication with the chamber; anda flow control member adapted to selectively occlude the bleed outlet;wherein, in a second position, the flow control member at least partially occludes the bleed outlet to create a second bleed flow area and, in a first position, the flow control member occludes the bleed outlet to a smaller degree than when in the second position to create a first bleed flow area that is greater than the second bleed flow area; and

actuating the actuator such that as the flow control core is moved from the retracted position to the forward position, pressure through the work outlet increases without a spike from zero pressure.

The method of Embodiment 45 wherein the flow control member comprises:

a flow control core at least partially within the chamber and controllably repositionable with respect to the chamber, the flow control core comprising:a body portion in slidable sealing engagement with the body wall;an actuation control end; anda tip end, the tip end comprising:a medial portion; anda distal portion comprising a cross sectional surface area that is less than the unoccluded bleed flow area;

the second position comprising a forward position wherein the tip end of the flow control core at least partially occludes the bleed outlet to create a second bleed flow area; and

the first position comprising a retracted position wherein the tip of end of the flow control core occludes the bleed outlet to a smaller degree than when in the forward position to create a first bleed flow area that is greater than the second bleed flow area.

A cap and valve assembly for use with a system comprising a housing and a fluid reservoir comprising a coupler, the cap and valve assembly comprising:

a cap configured to sealingly engage with the fluid reservoir coupler and comprising a pressure inlet and a flow inlet; and

an elongate member comprising a pressure coupler, a lumen, an outlet aperture, and a repositionable valve core wherein, in a first position:the lumen provides fluid communication between the pressure coupler and the pressure inlet, andthe elongate member comprises a flow path that provides fluid communication between the flow inlet and the outlet aperture, andin a second position, fluid communication between the pressure coupler and the pressure inlet is disrupted.

The cap and valve assembly of Embodiment 47 further comprising a housing coupler.

The cap and valve assembly of Embodiment 48 wherein the housing coupler comprises:

a shoulder configured to be received by a mounting slot on the system housing; and

a positioning groove configured to engage a positioning nodule on the system housing.

The cap and valve assembly of any one of Embodiments 47-49 further comprising:

a repositionable tip cover wherein, in a first position, the tip cover covers the outlet aperture and, in a second position, uncovers at least a portion of the outlet aperture.

The cap and valve assembly of Embodiment 50 wherein repositioning the tip cover from the second position to the first position cleans the outlet aperture.

The cap and valve assembly of Embodiment 51 configured so that the tip cap can be positioned to uncover the outlet aperture independent of providing fluid communication between the pressure coupler and the pressure inlet.

The cap and valve assembly of any one of Embodiments 47-52 wherein the valve core further comprises at least one seal that, when the valve core is in the second position, is proximal to the outlet aperture and when the valve core is in the first position, the seal is distal to the outlet aperture.

The cap and valve assembly of Embodiment 53 wherein, when the valve core is in the second position, the seal at least partially obstructs the flow path.

The cap and valve assembly of any one of Embodiments 47-54 further comprising a cap insert configured to sealing engage with a second fluid reservoir coupler.

The cap and valve assembly of any one of Embodiments 47-55 wherein the elongate member is detachable.

The cap and valve assembly of any one of Embodiments 47-56 wherein the elongate member is sufficiently transparent that contents of the lumen are visible.

A kit comprising:

a cap configured to sealingly engage with a fluid reservoir comprising a fluid, the cap comprising a pressure inlet, a flow orifice, and a coupler; and

an elongate member comprising:a coupler configured to couple with the cap coupler,a pressure coupler configured to couple with a pressure source,a lumen,a pressure orifice configured to align with the cap pressure inlet,an outlet aperture,a flow aperture configured to align with the cap flow orifice, anda repositionable valve core wherein, in a first position:the lumen and pressure orifice provide fluid communication between the pressure coupler and the cap pressure inlet, andthe elongate member comprises a flow path that provides fluid communication between the flow orifice and the outlet aperture, andin a second position, fluid communication between the pressure coupler and the cap pressure inlet is disrupted.

The kit of Embodiment 58 wherein the valve core further comprises at least one seal that, when the valve core is in the second position, is proximal to the outlet aperture and when the valve core is in the first position, the seal is distal to the outlet aperture.

The kit of Embodiment 58 or Embodiment 59 wherein the cap further comprises a housing coupler.

The kit of any one of Embodiments 58-60 further comprising a repositionable tip cover wherein, in a first position, the tip cover covers the outlet aperture and, in a second position, uncovers at least a portion of the outlet aperture.

The kit of any one of Embodiments 58-61 further comprising a cap insert configured to sealingly engage with a second fluid reservoir.

The kit of any one of claims58-62comprising a plurality of elongate members configured to be interchangeably usable with the cap.

The kit of any one of claims58-63comprising a plurality of caps configured to be interchangeably usable with the elongate member.

A flow control device comprising:

a body comprising a body wall that defines a chamber, the body wall comprising an inlet in fluid communication with the chamber, a work outlet comprising a work outlet flow area in fluid communication with the chamber, and a bleed outlet comprising an unoccluded bleed flow area in fluid communication with the chamber; and

a flow control member adapted to selectively occlude the bleed outlet;

wherein, in a second position, the flow control member at least partially occludes the bleed outlet to create a second bleed flow area and, in a first position, the flow control member occludes the bleed outlet to a smaller degree than when in the second position to create a first bleed flow area that is greater than the second bleed flow area.

The flow control device of Embodiment 65 wherein the flow control member comprises:

a flow control core at least partially within the chamber and controllably repositionable with respect to the chamber, the flow control core comprising:a body portion in slidable sealing engagement with the body wall;an actuation control end; anda tip end, the tip end comprising:a medial portion; anda distal portion comprising a cross sectional surface area that is less than the unoccluded bleed flow area;

the second position comprising a forward position wherein the tip end of the flow control core at least partially occludes the bleed outlet to create a second bleed flow area; and

the first position comprising a retracted position wherein the tip of end of the flow control core occludes the bleed outlet to a smaller degree than when in the forward position to create a first bleed flow area that is greater than the second bleed flow area.

The flow control device of Embodiment 66 wherein, in the forward position, the medial portion of the tip end sealingly engages the bleed outlet so that the tip end of the flow control core fully occludes the bleed outlet.

The flow control device of Embodiment 66 or Embodiment 67 wherein, in the retracted position, the tip end of the flow control core does not occlude the bleed outlet.

The flow control device of any preceding Embodiment wherein the inlet is in fluid communication with a source of fluid pressure.

The flow control device of Embodiment 69 wherein the bleed outlet is in fluid communication with a fluid reservoir.

The flow control device of Embodiment 70 wherein the fluid reservoir is in fluid communication with the source of fluid pressure, forming a closed circuit.

The flow control device of any preceding Embodiment wherein the work outlet is in fluid communication with a work apparatus.

The flow control device of Embodiment 72 wherein the work apparatus comprises a liquid dispenser.

The flow control device of any preceding Embodiment wherein the unoccluded bleed flow area is greater than the work outlet flow area.

The flow control device of Embodiment 74 wherein the unoccluded bleed flow area is greater than the work outlet flow area by a ratio of at least 5:1.

The flow control device of any preceding Embodiment wherein moving from the second position to the first position comprises moving the flow control member.

The flow control device of any preceding Embodiment wherein moving from the second position to the first position comprises moving the body.

A method comprising:

providing a flow control device comprising:a body comprising a body wall that defines a chamber, the body wall comprising an inlet in fluid communication with the chamber, a work outlet comprising a work outlet flow area in fluid communication with the chamber, and a bleed outlet comprising a unoccluded bleed flow area in fluid communication with the chamber; anda flow control member adapted to selectively occlude the bleed outlet; and
moving the flow control member between

(i) a second position wherein the flow control member at least partially occludes the bleed outlet to create a second bleed flow area; and(ii) a first position wherein the flow control member occludes the bleed outlet to a smaller degree than when in the second position to create a first bleed flow area that is greater than the second bleed flow area.

The method of Embodiment 78 further comprising:

introducing a pressurized fluid to the chamber through the inlet;
wherein as the flow control member is moved from the first position to the second position, fluid pressure through the work outlet increases without a spike from zero pressure.

The method of any of Embodiments 78 or 79 wherein the flow control member comprises:

a flow control core at least partially within the chamber and controllably repositionable with respect to the chamber, the flow control core comprising:a body portion in slidable sealing engagement with the body wall;an actuation control end; anda tip end, the tip end comprising:a medial portion; anda distal portion comprising a cross sectional surface area that is less than the unoccluded bleed flow area;

the second position comprising a forward position wherein the tip end of the flow control core at least partially occludes the bleed outlet to create a second bleed flow area; and the first position comprising a retracted position wherein the tip of end of the flow control core occludes the bleed outlet to a smaller degree than when in the forward position to create a first bleed flow area that is greater than the second bleed flow area.

A method comprising:

providing a flow control device comprising:a body comprising a body wall that defines a chamber, the body wall comprising an inlet in fluid communication with the chamber, a work outlet comprising a work outlet flow area in fluid communication with the chamber, and a bleed outlet comprising an unoccluded bleed flow area in fluid communication with the chamber; and

introducing a pressurized fluid to the chamber through the inlet to establish a first ratio of fluid flow through the bleed outlet relative to the work outlet;

reducing the unoccluded bleed flow area to a second bleed flow area to establish a second ratio of fluid flow through the bleed outlet relative to the work outlet, the second ratio being less than the first ratio.

A system for dispensing a fluid, the system comprising:

a housing comprising a coupler, a pressure outlet, and an actuator; and

a flow control device in controllable communication with the actuator and in fluid communication with the pressure outlet, the flow control device comprising:a body comprising a body wall that defines a chamber, the body wall comprising an inlet in fluid communication with the chamber, a work outlet comprising a work outlet flow area in fluid communication with the chamber, and a bleed outlet comprising an unoccluded bleed flow area in fluid communication with the chamber; anda flow control member adapted to selectively occlude the bleed outlet;wherein, in a second position, the flow control member at least partially occludes the bleed outlet to create a second bleed flow area and, in a first position, the flow control member occludes the bleed outlet to a smaller degree than when in the second position to create a first bleed flow area that is greater than the second bleed flow area; and

a dispenser assembly comprising:a fluid reservoir, anda cap and valve assembly coupled to the housing via the coupler.

The system of Embodiment 82 wherein the flow control member comprises:

a flow control core at least partially within the chamber and controllably repositionable with respect to the chamber, the flow control core comprising:a body portion in slidable sealing engagement with the body wall;an actuation control end; anda tip end, the tip end comprising:a medial portion; anda distal portion comprising a cross sectional surface area that is less than the unoccluded bleed flow area;

the second position comprising a forward position wherein the tip end of the flow control core at least partially occludes the bleed outlet to create a second bleed flow area; and

the first position comprising a retracted position wherein the tip of end of the flow control core occludes the bleed outlet to a smaller degree than when in the forward position to create a first bleed flow area that is greater than the second bleed flow area.

A device for dispensing fluid from a fluid reservoir comprising a coupler, the device comprising:

a housing comprising:a flow control device in fluid communication with a pressure source and comprising:a body comprising a body wall that defines a chamber, the body wall comprising an inlet in fluid communication with the chamber, a work outlet comprising a work outlet flow area in fluid communication with the chamber, and a bleed outlet comprising an unoccluded bleed flow area in fluid communication with the chamber; anda flow control member adapted to selectively occlude the bleed outlet;wherein, in a second position, the flow control member at least partially occludes the bleed outlet to create a second bleed flow area and, in a first position, the flow control member occludes the bleed outlet to a smaller degree than when in the second position to create a first bleed flow area that is greater than the second bleed flow area; anda pressure outlet in fluid communication with the flow control device;an actuator engaged with the flow control core of the flow control device; anda coupler configured to engage a dispenser assembly.

The device of Embodiment 84 wherein the flow control member comprises:

a flow control core at least partially within the chamber and controllably repositionable with respect to the chamber, the flow control core comprising:a body portion in slidable sealing engagement with the body wall;an actuation control end; anda tip end, the tip end comprising:a medial portion; anda distal portion comprising a cross sectional surface area that is less than the unoccluded bleed flow area;

the second position comprising a forward position wherein the tip end of the flow control core at least partially occludes the bleed outlet to create a second bleed flow area; and

the first position comprising a retracted position wherein the tip of end of the flow control core occludes the bleed outlet to a smaller degree than when in the forward position to create a first bleed flow area that is greater than the second bleed flow area.

The device of any of Embodiments 84-85 wherein the coupler comprises a clip configured to engage a cap and valve assembly.

An apparatus for dispensing fluid, the apparatus comprising:

a housing that comprises:a coupler comprising a coupling mechanism configured to sealingly engage at least a portion of a dispenser assembly;a pressure outlet in fluid communication with a pressure source and configured provide fluid communication with a pressure inlet on the dispenser assembly; andan actuator configured to actuate a dispenser assembly, thereby delivering pressure to the dispenser assembly from the pressure outlet.

The apparatus of Embodiment 87 wherein the coupling mechanism comprises a clamp configured to engage a coupling platform of the dispenser assembly.

The apparatus of Embodiment 87 or Embodiment 88 wherein the coupler is in fluid communication with a first controller.

The apparatus of any of Embodiments 87-89 wherein the actuator is in fluid communication with a second controller.

The apparatus of Embodiment 90 wherein the first controller and second controller are controlled by a sequencer assembly.

The apparatus of any of Embodiments 87-91 further comprising a flow control device in fluid communication with one or more of: the coupler, the actuator, and the pressure outlet;

the flow control device comprising:a body comprising a body wall that defines a chamber, the body wall comprising an inlet in fluid communication with the chamber, a work outlet comprising a work outlet flow area in fluid communication with the chamber, and a bleed outlet comprising an unoccluded bleed flow area in fluid communication with the chamber; anda flow control member adapted to selectively occlude the bleed outlet;wherein, in a second position, the flow control member at least partially occludes the bleed outlet to create a second bleed flow area and, in a first position, the flow control member occludes the bleed outlet to a smaller degree than when in the second position to create a first bleed flow area that is greater than the second bleed flow area.

The apparatus of Embodiment 92 wherein the flow control member comprises:

a flow control core at least partially within the chamber and controllably repositionable with respect to the chamber, the flow control core comprising:a body portion in slidable sealing engagement with the body wall;an actuation control end; anda tip end, the tip end comprising:a medial portion; anda distal portion comprising a cross sectional surface area that is less than the unoccluded bleed flow area;

the second position comprising a forward position wherein the tip end of the flow control core at least partially occludes the bleed outlet to create a second bleed flow area; and

the first position comprising a retracted position wherein the tip of end of the flow control core occludes the bleed outlet to a smaller degree than when in the forward position to create a first bleed flow area that is greater than the second bleed flow area.

The apparatus of any of Embodiments 92-93 wherein fluid communication between the flow control device and one or more of the coupler and the actuator comprises fluid communication with an intervening sequencer assembly.

A sequencer assembly comprising:

a body comprising:a body wall that defines a lumen,a pressure inlet through the body wall that provides fluid communication between the lumen and a pressure source,a first sequencer control comprising a first sequencer valve and a first pressure outlet providing fluid communication between the first sequencer control and a first output device, anda second sequencer control comprising a second sequencer valve and a second pressure outlet providing fluid communication between the second sequencer control and a second output device;

a sequencer core slidably positioned in the lumen, wherein in a first position the sequencer core actuates neither the first sequencer valve nor the second sequencer valve, in a second position the sequencer core actuates both the first sequencer valve and the second sequencer valve, and in an intermediate position between the first position and the second position, the sequencer core actuates the first sequencer valve but not the second sequencer valve.

The sequencer assembly of Embodiment 95 wherein actuating the first sequencer valve releases pressure through the first pressure outlet that actuates the first output device.

The sequencer assembly of Embodiment 96 wherein actuating the second sequencer valve releases pressure through the second pressure outlet that actuates the second output device.

The sequencer assembly of Embodiment 97 wherein moving the sequencer core from the first position to the second position actuates the first sequencer valve and, after a delay, actuates the second sequencer valve.

The sequencer assembly of Embodiment 98 wherein the delay in actuating the second sequencer valve is a function of the distance between the first sequencer valve and the second sequencer valve.

The sequencer assembly of Embodiment 99 wherein the delay in actuating the second sequencer valve is a function of the speed at which the sequencer core is moved from the first position to the second position.

The sequencer assembly of any preceding Embodiment wherein moving the sequencer core from the second position to the first position first de-actuates the second sequencer valve and then de-actuates the first sequencer valve.

The sequencer assembly of Embodiment 101 wherein the second position comprises an overtravel distance such that a time delay exists between initiating moving the sequencer core from the second position to the first position and de-actuating the second sequencer valve.

The sequencer assembly of any preceding Embodiment comprising at least a third sequencer control comprising a third sequencer valve and a third pressure outlet providing fluid communication between the third sequencer control and a third output device.

A method of dispensing a fluid, the method comprising:

providing the system of any of Embodiments 82 or 83; and
actuating the actuator.

A method of dispensing a fluid, the method comprising:

providing the device of any of Embodiments 84-86; and
actuating the actuator.

A method for dispensing a fluid, the method comprising:

providing the apparatus of any one of Embodiments 87-94; and
actuating the actuator.

The method of any one of Embodiments 104-106 wherein the fluid comprises a liquid.

The method of any one of Embodiments 104-107 wherein the fluid comprises a paint component.

A method of delivering a controlled increased air pressure, the method comprising:

providing an apparatus that comprises an actuator in control of a flow control device, the flow control device comprising:a body comprising a body wall that defines a chamber, the body wall comprising an inlet in fluid communication with the chamber, a work outlet comprising a work outlet flow area in fluid communication with the chamber, and a bleed outlet comprising an unoccluded bleed flow area in fluid communication with the chamber; anda flow control member adapted to selectively occlude the bleed outlet;wherein, in a second position, the flow control member at least partially occludes the bleed outlet to create a second bleed flow area and, in a first position, the flow control member occludes the bleed outlet to a smaller degree than when in the second position to create a first bleed flow area that is greater than the second bleed flow area; and

actuating the actuator such that as the flow control core is moved from the retracted position to the forward position, pressure through the work outlet increases without a spike from zero pressure.

The method of Embodiment 109 wherein the flow control member comprises:

a flow control core at least partially within the chamber and controllably repositionable with respect to the chamber, the flow control core comprising:a body portion in slidable sealing engagement with the body wall;an actuation control end; anda tip end, the tip end comprising:a medial portion; anda distal portion comprising a cross sectional surface area that is less than the unoccluded bleed flow area;

the second position comprising a forward position wherein the tip end of the flow control core at least partially occludes the bleed outlet to create a second bleed flow area; and

the first position comprising a retracted position wherein the tip of end of the flow control core occludes the bleed outlet to a smaller degree than when in the forward position to create a first bleed flow area that is greater than the second bleed flow area.

A cap and valve assembly for use with a system comprising a housing and a fluid reservoir comprising a coupler, the cap and valve assembly comprising:

a cap configured to sealingly engage with the fluid reservoir coupler and comprising a pressure inlet and a flow inlet; and

an elongate member comprising a pressure coupler, a lumen, an outlet aperture, and a repositionable valve core wherein, in a first position:the lumen provides fluid communication between the pressure coupler and the pressure inlet, andthe elongate member comprises a flow path that provides fluid communication between the flow inlet and the outlet aperture, andin a second position, fluid communication between the pressure coupler and the pressure inlet is disrupted.

The cap and valve assembly of Embodiment 111 further comprising a housing coupler.

The cap and valve assembly of Embodiment 112 wherein the housing coupler comprises:

a shoulder configured to be received by a mounting slot on the system housing; and

a positioning groove configured to engage a positioning nodule on the system housing.

The cap and valve assembly of any one of Embodiments 111-113 further comprising:

a repositionable tip cover wherein, in a first position, the tip cover covers the outlet aperture and, in a second position, uncovers at least a portion of the outlet aperture.

The cap and valve assembly of Embodiment 114 wherein repositioning the tip cover from the second position to the first position cleans the outlet aperture.

The cap and valve assembly of Embodiment 115 configured so that the tip cap can be positioned to uncover the outlet aperture independent of providing fluid communication between the pressure coupler and the pressure inlet.

The cap and valve assembly of any one of Embodiments 111-116 wherein the valve core further comprises at least one seal that, when the valve core is in the second position, is proximal to the outlet aperture and when the valve core is in the first position, the seal is distal to the outlet aperture.

The cap and valve assembly of Embodiment 117 wherein, when the valve core is in the second position, the seal at least partially obstructs the flow path.

The cap and valve assembly of any one of Embodiments 111-118 further comprising a cap insert configured to sealing engage with a second fluid reservoir coupler.

The cap and valve assembly of any one of Embodiments 111-119 wherein the elongate member is detachable.

The cap and valve assembly of any one of Embodiments 111-120 wherein the elongate member is sufficiently transparent that contents of the lumen are visible.

A kit comprising:

a cap configured to sealingly engage with a fluid reservoir comprising a fluid, the cap comprising a pressure inlet, a flow orifice, and a coupler; and

an elongate member comprising:a coupler configured to couple with the cap coupler,a pressure coupler configured to couple with a pressure source,a lumen,a pressure orifice configured to align with the cap pressure inlet,an outlet aperture,a flow aperture configured to align with the cap flow orifice, anda repositionable valve core wherein, in a first position:the lumen and pressure orifice provide fluid communication between the pressure coupler and the cap pressure inlet, andthe elongate member comprises a flow path that provides fluid communication between the flow orifice and the outlet aperture, andin a second position, fluid communication between the pressure coupler and the cap pressure inlet is disrupted.

The kit of Embodiment 122 wherein the valve core further comprises at least one seal that, when the valve core is in the second position, is proximal to the outlet aperture and when the valve core is in the first position, the seal is distal to the outlet aperture.

The kit of Embodiment 122 or Embodiment 123 wherein the cap further comprises a housing coupler.

The kit of any one of Embodiments 122-124 further comprising a repositionable tip cover wherein, in a first position, the tip cover covers the outlet aperture and, in a second position, uncovers at least a portion of the outlet aperture.

The kit of any one of Embodiments 122-125 further comprising a cap insert configured to sealingly engage with a second fluid reservoir.

The kit of any one of claims122-126comprising a plurality of elongate members configured to be interchangeably usable with the cap.

The kit of any one of claims122-127comprising a plurality of caps configured to be interchangeably usable with the elongate member.

A flow control device comprising:

a body comprising a body wall that defines a chamber, the body wall comprising an inlet in fluid communication with the chamber, a work outlet comprising a work outlet flow area in fluid communication with the chamber, and a bleed outlet comprising an unoccluded bleed flow area in fluid communication with the chamber; and

a flow control member adapted to selectively occlude the bleed outlet;

wherein, in a second position, the flow control member at least partially occludes the bleed outlet to create a second bleed flow area and, in a first position, the flow control member occludes the bleed outlet to a smaller degree than when in the second position to create a first bleed flow area that is greater than the second bleed flow area.

The flow control device of Embodiment 129 wherein the flow control member comprises:

a flow control core at least partially within the chamber and controllably repositionable with respect to the chamber, the flow control core comprising:a body portion in slidable sealing engagement with the body wall;an actuation control end; anda tip end, the tip end comprising:a medial portion; anda distal portion comprising a cross sectional surface area that is less than the unoccluded bleed flow area;

the second position comprising a forward position wherein the tip end of the flow control core at least partially occludes the bleed outlet to create a second bleed flow area; and

the first position comprising a retracted position wherein the tip of end of the flow control core occludes the bleed outlet to a smaller degree than when in the forward position to create a first bleed flow area that is greater than the second bleed flow area.

The flow control device of Embodiment 130 wherein, in the forward position, the medial portion of the tip end sealingly engages the bleed outlet so that the tip end of the flow control core fully occludes the bleed outlet.

The flow control device of Embodiment 130 or Embodiment 131 wherein, in the retracted position, the tip end of the flow control core does not occlude the bleed outlet.

The flow control device of any preceding Embodiment wherein the inlet is in fluid communication with a source of fluid pressure.

The flow control device of Embodiment 133 wherein the bleed outlet is in fluid communication with a fluid reservoir.

The flow control device of Embodiment 134 wherein the fluid reservoir is in fluid communication with the source of fluid pressure, forming a closed circuit.

The flow control device of any preceding Embodiment wherein the work outlet is in fluid communication with a work apparatus.

The flow control device of Embodiment 136 wherein the work apparatus comprises a liquid dispenser.

The flow control device of any preceding Embodiment wherein the unoccluded bleed flow area is greater than the work outlet flow area.

The flow control device of Embodiment 138 wherein the unoccluded bleed flow area is greater than the work outlet flow area by a ratio of at least 5:1.

The flow control device of any preceding Embodiment wherein moving from the second position to the first position comprises moving the flow control member.

The flow control device of any preceding Embodiment wherein moving from the second position to the first position comprises moving the body.

A method comprising:

providing a flow control device comprising:a body comprising a body wall that defines a chamber, the body wall comprising an inlet in fluid communication with the chamber, a work outlet comprising a work outlet flow area in fluid communication with the chamber, and a bleed outlet comprising a unoccluded bleed flow area in fluid communication with the chamber; anda flow control member adapted to selectively occlude the bleed outlet; and moving the flow control member between

(i) a second position wherein the flow control member at least partially occludes the bleed outlet to create a second bleed flow area; and(ii) a first position wherein the flow control member occludes the bleed outlet to a smaller degree than when in the second position to create a first bleed flow area that is greater than the second bleed flow area.

The method of Embodiment 142 further comprising:

introducing a pressurized fluid to the chamber through the inlet;
wherein as the flow control member is moved from the first position to the second position, fluid pressure through the work outlet increases without a spike from zero pressure.

The method of any of Embodiments 142 or 143 wherein the flow control member comprises:

a flow control core at least partially within the chamber and controllably repositionable with respect to the chamber, the flow control core comprising:a body portion in slidable sealing engagement with the body wall;an actuation control end; anda tip end, the tip end comprising:a medial portion; anda distal portion comprising a cross sectional surface area that is less than the unoccluded bleed flow area;

the second position comprising a forward position wherein the tip end of the flow control core at least partially occludes the bleed outlet to create a second bleed flow area; and

the first position comprising a retracted position wherein the tip of end of the flow control core occludes the bleed outlet to a smaller degree than when in the forward position to create a first bleed flow area that is greater than the second bleed flow area.

A method comprising:

providing a flow control device comprising:a body comprising a body wall that defines a chamber, the body wall comprising an inlet in fluid communication with the chamber, a work outlet comprising a work outlet flow area in fluid communication with the chamber, and a bleed outlet comprising an unoccluded bleed flow area in fluid communication with the chamber; and

introducing a pressurized fluid to the chamber through the inlet to establish a first ratio of fluid flow through the bleed outlet relative to the work outlet;

reducing the unoccluded bleed flow area to a second bleed flow area to establish a second ratio of fluid flow through the bleed outlet relative to the work outlet, the second ratio being less than the first ratio.

A system for dispensing a fluid, the system comprising:

a housing comprising a coupler, a pressure outlet, and an actuator; and

a flow control device in controllable communication with the actuator and in fluid communication with the pressure outlet, the flow control device comprising:a body comprising a body wall that defines a chamber, the body wall comprising an inlet in fluid communication with the chamber, a work outlet comprising a work outlet flow area in fluid communication with the chamber, and a bleed outlet comprising an unoccluded bleed flow area in fluid communication with the chamber; anda flow control member adapted to selectively occlude the bleed outlet;wherein, in a second position, the flow control member at least partially occludes the bleed outlet to create a second bleed flow area and, in a first position, the flow control member occludes the bleed outlet to a smaller degree than when in the second position to create a first bleed flow area that is greater than the second bleed flow area; and

a dispenser assembly comprising:a fluid reservoir, anda cap and valve assembly coupled to the housing via the coupler.

The system of Embodiment 146 wherein the flow control member comprises:

a flow control core at least partially within the chamber and controllably repositionable with respect to the chamber, the flow control core comprising:a body portion in slidable sealing engagement with the body wall;an actuation control end; anda tip end, the tip end comprising:a medial portion; anda distal portion comprising a cross sectional surface area that is less than the unoccluded bleed flow area;

the second position comprising a forward position wherein the tip end of the flow control core at least partially occludes the bleed outlet to create a second bleed flow area; and

the first position comprising a retracted position wherein the tip of end of the flow control core occludes the bleed outlet to a smaller degree than when in the forward position to create a first bleed flow area that is greater than the second bleed flow area.

A device for dispensing fluid from a fluid reservoir comprising a coupler, the device comprising:

a housing comprising:a flow control device in fluid communication with a pressure source and comprising:a body comprising a body wall that defines a chamber, the body wall comprising an inlet in fluid communication with the chamber, a work outlet comprising a work outlet flow area in fluid communication with the chamber, and a bleed outlet comprising an unoccluded bleed flow area in fluid communication with the chamber; anda flow control member adapted to selectively occlude the bleed outlet;wherein, in a second position, the flow control member at least partially occludes the bleed outlet to create a second bleed flow area and, in a first position, the flow control member occludes the bleed outlet to a smaller degree than when in the second position to create a first bleed flow area that is greater than the second bleed flow area; anda pressure outlet in fluid communication with the flow control device;an actuator engaged with the flow control core of the flow control device; anda coupler configured to engage a dispenser assembly.

The device of Embodiment 148 wherein the flow control member comprises:

a flow control core at least partially within the chamber and controllably repositionable with respect to the chamber, the flow control core comprising:a body portion in slidable sealing engagement with the body wall;an actuation control end; anda tip end, the tip end comprising:a medial portion; anda distal portion comprising a cross sectional surface area that is less than the unoccluded bleed flow area;

the second position comprising a forward position wherein the tip end of the flow control core at least partially occludes the bleed outlet to create a second bleed flow area; and

the first position comprising a retracted position wherein the tip of end of the flow control core occludes the bleed outlet to a smaller degree than when in the forward position to create a first bleed flow area that is greater than the second bleed flow area.

The device of any of Embodiments 148-149 wherein the coupler comprises a clip configured to engage a cap and valve assembly.

An apparatus for dispensing fluid, the apparatus comprising:

a housing that comprises:a coupler comprising a coupling mechanism configured to sealingly engage at least a portion of a dispenser assembly;a pressure outlet in fluid communication with a pressure source and configured provide fluid communication with a pressure inlet on the dispenser assembly; andan actuator configured to actuate a dispenser assembly, thereby delivering pressure to the dispenser assembly from the pressure outlet.

The apparatus of Embodiment 151 wherein the coupling mechanism comprises a clamp configured to engage a coupling platform of the dispenser assembly.

The apparatus of Embodiment 151 or Embodiment 152 wherein the coupler is in fluid communication with a first controller.

The apparatus of any of Embodiments 151-153 wherein the actuator is in fluid communication with a second controller.

The apparatus of Embodiment 154 wherein the first controller and second controller are controlled by a sequencer assembly.

The apparatus of any of Embodiments 151-155 further comprising a flow control device in fluid communication with one or more of: the coupler, the actuator, and the pressure outlet;

the flow control device comprising:a body comprising a body wall that defines a chamber, the body wall comprising an inlet in fluid communication with the chamber, a work outlet comprising a work outlet flow area in fluid communication with the chamber, and a bleed outlet comprising an unoccluded bleed flow area in fluid communication with the chamber; anda flow control member adapted to selectively occlude the bleed outlet;wherein, in a second position, the flow control member at least partially occludes the bleed outlet to create a second bleed flow area and, in a first position, the flow control member occludes the bleed outlet to a smaller degree than when in the second position to create a first bleed flow area that is greater than the second bleed flow area.

The apparatus of Embodiment 156 wherein the flow control member comprises:

a flow control core at least partially within the chamber and controllably repositionable with respect to the chamber, the flow control core comprising:a body portion in slidable sealing engagement with the body wall;an actuation control end; anda tip end, the tip end comprising:a medial portion; anda distal portion comprising a cross sectional surface area that is less than the unoccluded bleed flow area;

the second position comprising a forward position wherein the tip end of the flow control core at least partially occludes the bleed outlet to create a second bleed flow area; and

the first position comprising a retracted position wherein the tip of end of the flow control core occludes the bleed outlet to a smaller degree than when in the forward position to create a first bleed flow area that is greater than the second bleed flow area.

The apparatus of any of Embodiments 156-157 wherein fluid communication between the flow control device and one or more of the coupler and the actuator comprises fluid communication with an intervening sequencer assembly.

A sequencer assembly comprising:

a body comprising:a body wall that defines a lumen,a pressure inlet through the body wall that provides fluid communication between the lumen and a pressure source,a first sequencer control comprising a first sequencer valve and a first pressure outlet providing fluid communication between the first sequencer control and a first output device, anda second sequencer control comprising a second sequencer valve and a second pressure outlet providing fluid communication between the second sequencer control and a second output device;

a sequencer core slidably positioned in the lumen, wherein in a first position the sequencer core actuates neither the first sequencer valve nor the second sequencer valve, in a second position the sequencer core actuates both the first sequencer valve and the second sequencer valve, and in an intermediate position between the first position and the second position, the sequencer core actuates the first sequencer valve but not the second sequencer valve.

The sequencer assembly of Embodiment 159 wherein actuating the first sequencer valve releases pressure through the first pressure outlet that actuates the first output device.

The sequencer assembly of Embodiment 160 wherein actuating the second sequencer valve releases pressure through the second pressure outlet that actuates the second output device.

The sequencer assembly of Embodiment 161 wherein moving the sequencer core from the first position to the second position actuates the first sequencer valve and, after a delay, actuates the second sequencer valve.

The sequencer assembly of Embodiment 162 wherein the delay in actuating the second sequencer valve is a function of the distance between the first sequencer valve and the second sequencer valve.

The sequencer assembly of Embodiment 163 wherein the delay in actuating the second sequencer valve is a function of the speed at which the sequencer core is moved from the first position to the second position.

The sequencer assembly of any preceding Embodiment wherein moving the sequencer core from the second position to the first position first de-actuates the second sequencer valve and then de-actuates the first sequencer valve.

The sequencer assembly of Embodiment 165 wherein the second position comprises an overtravel distance such that a time delay exists between initiating moving the sequencer core from the second position to the first position and de-actuating the second sequencer valve.

The sequencer assembly of any preceding Embodiment comprising at least a third sequencer control comprising a third sequencer valve and a third pressure outlet providing fluid communication between the third sequencer control and a third output device.

A method of dispensing a fluid, the method comprising:

providing the system of any of Embodiments 146 or 147; and
actuating the actuator.

A method of dispensing a fluid, the method comprising:

providing the device of any of Embodiments 148-150; and
actuating the actuator.

A method for dispensing a fluid, the method comprising:

providing the apparatus of any one of Embodiments 151-158; and
actuating the actuator.

The method of any one of Embodiments 168-170 wherein the fluid comprises a liquid.

The method of any one of Embodiments 168-171 wherein the fluid comprises a paint component.

A method of delivering a controlled increased air pressure, the method comprising:

providing an apparatus that comprises an actuator in control of a flow control device, the flow control device comprising:a body comprising a body wall that defines a chamber, the body wall comprising an inlet in fluid communication with the chamber, a work outlet comprising a work outlet flow area in fluid communication with the chamber, and a bleed outlet comprising an unoccluded bleed flow area in fluid communication with the chamber; anda flow control member adapted to selectively occlude the bleed outlet;wherein, in a second position, the flow control member at least partially occludes the bleed outlet to create a second bleed flow area and, in a first position, the flow control member occludes the bleed outlet to a smaller degree than when in the second position to create a first bleed flow area that is greater than the second bleed flow area; and

actuating the actuator such that as the flow control core is moved from the retracted position to the forward position, pressure through the work outlet increases without a spike from zero pressure.

The method of Embodiment 173 wherein the flow control member comprises:

a flow control core at least partially within the chamber and controllably repositionable with respect to the chamber, the flow control core comprising:a body portion in slidable sealing engagement with the body wall;an actuation control end; anda tip end, the tip end comprising:a medial portion; anda distal portion comprising a cross sectional surface area that is less than the unoccluded bleed flow area;

the second position comprising a forward position wherein the tip end of the flow control core at least partially occludes the bleed outlet to create a second bleed flow area; and

the first position comprising a retracted position wherein the tip of end of the flow control core occludes the bleed outlet to a smaller degree than when in the forward position to create a first bleed flow area that is greater than the second bleed flow area.

A cap and valve assembly for use with a system comprising a housing and a fluid reservoir comprising a coupler, the cap and valve assembly comprising:

a cap configured to sealingly engage with the fluid reservoir coupler and comprising a pressure inlet and a flow inlet; and

an elongate member comprising a pressure coupler, a lumen, an outlet aperture, and a repositionable valve core wherein, in a first position:the lumen provides fluid communication between the pressure coupler and the pressure inlet, andthe elongate member comprises a flow path that provides fluid communication between the flow inlet and the outlet aperture, andin a second position, fluid communication between the pressure coupler and the pressure inlet is disrupted.

The cap and valve assembly of Embodiment 175 further comprising a housing coupler.

The cap and valve assembly of Embodiment 176 wherein the housing coupler comprises:

a shoulder configured to be received by a mounting slot on the system housing; and

a positioning groove configured to engage a positioning nodule on the system housing.

The cap and valve assembly of any one of Embodiments 175-177 further comprising:

a repositionable tip cover wherein, in a first position, the tip cover covers the outlet aperture and, in a second position, uncovers at least a portion of the outlet aperture.

The cap and valve assembly of Embodiment 178 wherein repositioning the tip cover from the second position to the first position cleans the outlet aperture.

The cap and valve assembly of Embodiment 179 configured so that the tip cap can be positioned to uncover the outlet aperture independent of providing fluid communication between the pressure coupler and the pressure inlet.

The cap and valve assembly of any one of Embodiments 175-180 wherein the valve core further comprises at least one seal that, when the valve core is in the second position, is proximal to the outlet aperture and when the valve core is in the first position, the seal is distal to the outlet aperture.

The cap and valve assembly of Embodiment 181 wherein, when the valve core is in the second position, the seal at least partially obstructs the flow path.

The cap and valve assembly of any one of Embodiments 175-182 further comprising a cap insert configured to sealing engage with a second fluid reservoir coupler.

The cap and valve assembly of any one of Embodiments 175-183 wherein the elongate member is detachable.

The cap and valve assembly of any one of Embodiments 175-184 wherein the elongate member is sufficiently transparent that contents of the lumen are visible.

A kit comprising:

a cap configured to sealingly engage with a fluid reservoir comprising a fluid, the cap comprising a pressure inlet, a flow orifice, and a coupler; and

an elongate member comprising:a coupler configured to couple with the cap coupler,a pressure coupler configured to couple with a pressure source,a lumen,a pressure orifice configured to align with the cap pressure inlet,an outlet aperture,a flow aperture configured to align with the cap flow orifice, anda repositionable valve core wherein, in a first position:the lumen and pressure orifice provide fluid communication between the pressure coupler and the cap pressure inlet, andthe elongate member comprises a flow path that provides fluid communication between the flow orifice and the outlet aperture, andin a second position, fluid communication between the pressure coupler and the cap pressure inlet is disrupted.

The kit of Embodiment 186 wherein the valve core further comprises at least one seal that, when the valve core is in the second position, is proximal to the outlet aperture and when the valve core is in the first position, the seal is distal to the outlet aperture.

The kit of Embodiment 186 or Embodiment 187 wherein the cap further comprises a housing coupler.

The kit of any one of Embodiments 186-188 further comprising a repositionable tip cover wherein, in a first position, the tip cover covers the outlet aperture and, in a second position, uncovers at least a portion of the outlet aperture.

The kit of any one of Embodiments 186-189 further comprising a cap insert configured to sealingly engage with a second fluid reservoir.

The kit of any one of claims186-190comprising a plurality of elongate members configured to be interchangeably usable with the cap.

The kit of any one of claims186-191comprising a plurality of caps configured to be interchangeably usable with the elongate member.

A coupling mechanism for use with an article that comprises at least one pressure inlet, the coupling mechanism comprising:

a housing configured to receive the device;

a manifold housed by the housing, operably connected to a control pressure source, and configured to deliver a pressure signal;

at least one actuator operably connected to a work pressure source, capable of providing fluid communication between the work pressure source and the pressure inlet of the device, and repositionable from a first position to a second position under the control of a pressure signal delivered by the manifold;

wherein in at least one of the first position and second position, the at least one actuator engages the at least one pressure inlet of the device, thereby providing fluid communication between the work pressure source and the pressure inlet of the device.

A device configured to receive an article comprising a coupling flange, the device comprising:

a repositionable pin in operable communication with a pressure source, wherein a pressure signal from the pressure source repositions the pin from a first position to a second position, wherein:

in the first position, the pin does not engage the coupling flange; and

in the second position, the pin engages the coupling flange, thereby securing the article with the device.

The device of Embodiment 194 wherein the pressure signal may be reversed, thereby repositioning the pin from the second position to the first position.

The foregoing detailed description, examples, and exemplary embodiments have been given for clarity of understanding only. No unnecessary limitations are to be understood therefrom. The invention is not limited to the exact details shown and described, for variations obvious to one skilled in the art will be included within the invention defined by the claims.

Throughout this disclosure, the term “and/or” means one or all of the listed elements or a combination of any two or more of the listed elements; the terms “comprises” and variations thereof do not have a limiting meaning where these terms appear in the description and claims; unless otherwise specified, “a,” “an,” “the,” and “at least one” are used interchangeably and mean one or more than one; and the recitations of numerical ranges by endpoints include all numbers subsumed within that range (e.g., 1 to 5 includes 1, 1.5, 2, 2.75, 3, 3.80, 4, 5, etc.).