Color printer

A color printer according to the present invention includes a clutch means, an urging member and a positional alignment mechanism. The clutch means is used for engaging and disengaging a driving force used to move a paper holder means. The urging member (e.g., a spring) is used to urge the paper holder means in a direction opposite to the printing direction. The positional alignment mechanism is used for mechanically determining the position at which printing is to start on the paper when the paper holder means is disengaged from the driving force by the clutch means and is urged by the urging member in the direction opposite to the printing direction.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION 
The present invention relates to a color printer in which heat from a 
thermal printer head is used to transfer ink to a print medium such as 
paper, and, more particularly, the present invention relates to a color 
printer which uses prescribed reciprocal movement of the print medium to 
perform the color printing. 
DESCRIPTION OF THE PRIOR ART 
In a color printer, a print medium as, for example, paper, and an ink 
transfer medium (hereinafter referred to as an "ink donor film") are 
passed between a thermal print head and a platen roller, and the thermal 
print head is heated to transfer the ink to the paper. 
FIGS. 5, 6, and 7 illustrate a paper transport mechanism, and a paper 
position detection mechanism in a conventional color printer. 
Referring now to FIG. 5, there is shown an example of a color printer which 
employs a reciprocating paper transport system. In FIG. 5, print paper 10 
is pinched between a first and a second set of pinch rollers 12 and 14, 
respectively, and is moved backwards and forwards by the rotation of these 
sets of pinch rollers 12, 14. The rotation of the sets of pinch rollers 12 
and 14 feeds the paper 10 through a gap between a platen roller 16 and a 
thermal print head 18 which constitutes a transfer section. 
An ink donor film 20 is also fed through this transfer section, overlaying 
the paper 10. This ink donor film 20 is moved in unison with the movement 
of the paper 10 by film rollers 22 and 24. A guide shaft 26 guides the 
movement of the ink donor film 20. Heat generated by the thermal pain head 
10 is used to selectively transfer ink from the ink donor film 20 to the 
paper 10 positioned between the platen roller 16 and the thermal print 
head 18. 
A motor 28 is used to drive the paper transport system. The driving force 
of the motor 28 is transmitted to a pinch roller pulley 32 [with 
appropriate gearing (not shown)] and a platen roller pulley 34 such as by 
means of, for example, a belt mounted on a motor pulley 30. Thus, 
operating the motor 28 in the direction A-a rotates the pinch rollers 12 
and 14 and the platen roller 16, thereby moving the paper 10 in the 
direction B-b. An edge sensor 36 detects the leading edge of the paper 10. 
Referring now to FIGS. 6 and 7, there is shown a side view and a front 
view, respectively, of a color printer arrangement in which the paper 10 
is moved in one direction only by a rotational mechanism. As shown, the 
platen roller (paper support means) comprises a platen drum 40. The platen 
drum 40 is provided with a gripper 42 which clamps the paper 10 onto the 
surface of the platen drum 40. Driving force is transmitted to the platen 
drum 40 by means of a belt 46 provided between the motor pulley 30 and a 
drum pulley 44. Also provided are a thermal print head 18, and film 
rollers 22 and 24 for transporting the ink donor film 20, as described in 
the prior art color printer of FIG. 5. 
In the color printer thus constituted, the angle of rotation of the platen 
drum 40 and the leading edge of the paper 10 are detected by an optical 
encoder 12 (in FIG. 7) comprising a slit disk 48 and a photo-interrupter 
50. 
The conventional color printer arrangements described above have the 
following drawbacks. In the case of the reciprocating transport system 
illustrated in FIG. 5, the position at which printing of the paper 10 is 
started is determined on the basis of the position of the leading edge of 
the paper 10 as detected by edge sensor 36. However, the edge sensor 36 
detects the leading edge of the paper 10 within a certain permissible 
range of error which prevents it from detecting slight deviations in the 
position at which printing of the paper 10 starts. In the case of the 
printing involving multiple passes, such as for color printing, the result 
is a lack of sufficient registration to produce correct color 
reproduction. 
In the color printer arrangement shown in FIGS. 6 and in which the paper 10 
is moved in one direction only by a rotational mechanism, an optical 
encoder 52 is used to detect the position at which printing starts. 
However, like the edge sensor 36 of FIG. 5 described above, the optical 
encoder 52 of FIG. 7 detects the angle of rotation of the platen drum 40 
to within a certain permissible range of error, which prevents it from 
completely eliminating color deviations during color printing. 
In addition, the stopping of the motor 28 is accompanied by a positional 
error which also produces a minute alteration of the position at which 
printing starts, which is also a cause of color deviation on the paper 10. 
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
The drawbacks of the prior art systems described above are overcome by the 
present invention which relates to a color printer which enables easy and 
precise alignment of the position at which printing of the paper is to 
start. 
More particularly, the present invention relates to a color printer 
comprising disengagement means for disengaging a driving force used to 
move a paper holder means; an urging member for urging the paper holder 
means in a direction opposite to that of the printing; and a positional 
alignment mechanism for mechanically determining the position at which 
printing is to start on the paper on the basis of contact made with the 
paper holder means when the paper holder means is disengaged from the 
driving force and is urged in the direction opposite to that of the 
printing. Preferably a clutch is used as the disengaging means. 
With the color printer thus arranged, at the point where printing is to 
begin, the urging member pushes the paper holder means against the 
position alignment mechanism, so the position at which printing is to 
start is determined mechanically. This enables color deviation to be 
prevented. Moreover, disengaging the drive of the paper holder means after 
the printing of each color is completed causes the paper holder means to 
move back to a position of contact with the alignment mechanism. Also, use 
of a clutch provides reliable engagement and disengagement of the drive. 
Further features of the invention, its nature and various advantages will 
be more apparent from the accompanying drawings and the following detailed 
description of the invention and the claims.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
The invention will now be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2, which 
show a side view and a plan view, respectively, of the general 
configuration of a first embodiment of the color printer according to the 
present invention. Elements that are the same as those in the conventional 
arrangements shown in FIGS. 5 and 6 have been given the same reference 
numerals. 
In FIGS. 1 and 2, a paper holder shaft 64 is arranged inside an outer wall 
62 of hollow feed drum 60 concentrically with the drum 60. The paper 10 is 
provided in the form of a roll on the shaft 64, and a paper slit 66 is 
provided in the outer wall 62 of the feed drum 60. 
In this embodiment, the paper 10 is drawn out onto the outer surface of 
feed drum 60, and is fed to the platen roller 16 and the pinch rollers 14. 
When the leading edge of the paper 10 is detected by an edge sensor 36, 
for example, a gripper 68 clamps the paper 10 against the outer surface of 
the feed drum 60. The paper 10 is thus supported by a paper holder means 
comprising the feed drum 60, the gripper 68 and the pinch rollers 14. 
Although the platen drum 40 described with reference to the prior art color 
printer of FIGS. 6 and 7 may be employed in the present invention, this 
first embodiment describes the use of the feed drum 60 for this purpose. 
An advantage of this arrangement is that a platen roller 16 of an optimum 
diameter in terms of print quality may be selected instead of the platen 
drum 40 of FIGS. 6 and 7, which drum 40 has to be of a large diameter to 
house the paper 10. Details of a color printer comprising this type of 
configuration are described in U.S. Pat. application Ser. No. 534,064, now 
U.S. 4,990,933, (entitled "Color Thermal Printer" and filed by the present 
assignee on June 6, 1990), which is incorporated herein by reference. 
In FIG. 1, reference numeral 70 denotes fixed tension springs which form 
the urging member (that is a primary feature of the present invention); 
and as shown in FIG. 2, one of these springs is provided at each side of 
the feed drum 60. The fixed tension springs 70 exert a constant force on 
the feed drum 60 in a direction A that is opposed to the direction B of 
the printing. 
In FIG. 2, reference numeral 72 denotes an electromagnetic clutch forming 
the disengaging means (that is a secondary feature of the present 
invention). When the motor 28 is rotated in a direction A, its driving 
force is transmitted to the feed drum 60, and when it is rotated in a 
direction a (in practice, not necessary), the driving force is disengaged. 
A spring-operated clutch may be used instead of an electromagnetic clutch. 
A stop 74 provided on the drum shaft and a contact pin 76 provided on the 
side of the main printer unit constitute a positional alignment mechanism 
(that is third feature of the present invention). By means of this 
positional alignment mechanism, when the feed drum 60 is disengaged from 
the drive and is moved back against the urging force in a direction a, the 
position at which printing is to start on the paper 10 supported by the 
feed drum 60 (the paper holder means) is determined by contact between the 
stop 74 and the contact pin 76. A damper 78 is provided to absorb the 
shock of the impact between the stop 74 and the pin 76. The feed drum 60 
rotates on a bearing 80. 
The operation of the first embodiment will now be described. First, the 
paper 10 and the ink donor film 20 are fed between the thermal print head 
18 and the platen roller 16. At this point the stop 74 of the feed drum 60 
is pressed against the contact pin 76 by the force of the fixed tension 
springs 70. 
When a command to print is received in this standby state, the thermal 
print head 18 presses the paper 10 and the ink donor film 20 against the 
platen roller 16. When the electromagnetic clutch 72 is then energized 
with the drum pulley 44 linked to the motor pulley 30, the rotation of the 
motor 28 turns the feed drum 60 in the printing direction A. This causes 
the paper 10, one end of which is clamped onto the feed drum 60 by the 
gripper 68, to be transported in the same direction, direction B. Also, 
the ink donor film 20, which is in close contact with the paper 10, is 
wound forward onto the film roller 22 in synchronization with the rotation 
of the feed drum 60. 
When the feed drum 60 has been rotated by an amount corresponding to the 
required printing length of the first color in a color printing sequence, 
the motor 28 is stopped. When the motor 28 stops, the thermal print head 
18 is released. This enables the paper 10 to move freely. 
Next, when the electromagnetic clutch 72 is deenergized, the feed drum 60 
is rapidly rotated in direction a by the fixed tension springs 70 to the 
print starting position. This is the position at which the stop 74 and the 
pin 76 come into contact. The shock of this contact is cushioned by the 
damper 78. 
Meanwhile, the ink donor film 20 is wound forward to the second color to be 
printed. This cycle of operations is repeated by a number of times which 
correspond to the number of colors to be printed, such as three cycles for 
three colors, and so forth. 
Since, in accordance with this embodiment, the stop 74 of the feed drum 60 
presses against the contact pin 76 at the point where printing is to 
begin, the print starting position can be determined mechanically without 
employing an electrical position detecting means. As this prevents 
positional deviation arising from electrical detection positional error, 
it ensures a high degree of accuracy for the print starting position. 
After completion of the printing of each color, the feed drum 60 rapidly 
retracts back to the print starting position. This helps to reduce the 
time required for the printing. 
FIGS. 3 and 4 show a side view and a plan view, respectively, of a second 
embodiment of the present invention. Elements that are the same as those 
in the arrangement shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 have been given the same 
reference numerals. The color printer of this second embodiment uses the 
reciprocal transport system shown in FIG. 5. 
In FIGS. 3 and 4, a drive wire 82 is wound a prescribed number of turns 
around the motor pulley 30, and after being wound several turns around 
each of the follower pulleys 84, the drive wire 82 is attached to the 
sides of gripper 86. As a result, rotation of the motor 28 in a direction 
A.fwdarw.a causes the gripper 86 (comprising the paper holder means) to 
move in a direction B.fwdarw.b. However, when the electromagnetic clutch 
72 is disengaged, moving force in direction a is provided by the fixed 
tension springs 70 attached to gripper 
The print starting position is determined by the point at which the gripper 
86 (urged in direction B) comes into contact with the contact pins 76. A 
damper 78 cushions the shock of this impact between the gripper 86 and the 
contact pins 76. 
Operation of this second embodiment is the same as that of the first 
embodiment, so further details thereof are hereby omitted. 
The urging member is not limited to a fixed tension spring 70. A screw 
recoil spring or tension coil spring may be used to obtain the same 
effect. 
Thus, in the color printer of FIGS. 1-2 and 3-4 of the present invention, 
the position at which printing is to start is determined mechanically from 
the position of the paper holder means. This eliminates the need to detect 
this starting position and color deviation caused by positional detection 
error, and ensures a high degree of accuracy of the print starting 
position. 
In addition, a clutch is used to provide reliable engagement and 
disengagement of the driving force, the paper holder means being moved in 
the printing direction by engaging the clutch and back to the print 
starting position by disengaging the clutch. 
It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are 
intended merely to be illustrative of the spirit and scope of the 
invention. Modifications can readily be made by those skilled in the art 
consistent with the principles of this invention.