Equipment for medical or surgical uses is provided for purposes, for example, of withdrawing or draining body liquids from cavities tending to accumulate such liquids, for instance as a result of wounds, surgical procedures or of pathological conditions in the body. The equipment comprises a vacuum chamber adapted to receive a disposable collection bag and control systems are provided for regulating the vacuum in the chamber and thus the suction in the collection bag. The chamber also has a wall structure and a door cooperating to provide a closed but openable vacuum compartment adapted to receive the disposable collection bag. The bag has a liquid inlet tube and the wall structure and door have portions cooperating to form a channel therebetween for receiving the inlet tube, and the inlet tube carries a sealing device insertable into and removable from said channel in a direction transversely of the tube when the door is open.

The present invention relates to suction equipment for use for medical or 
surgical purposes, and particularly for the purpose of withdrawing from 
the body liquids tending to accumulate in cavities or regions of the body 
because of disease or malfunction or other pathological conditions, or 
because of surgical or medical procedures. Such conditions at times may 
also tend to accumulate solids, and it will be understood that the 
equipment of the invention may also serve to withdraw such solids in 
suspension in liquids being withdrawn. 
As brought out in my copending applications above referred to, the 
equipment there disclosed is arranged to function on the vacuum or suction 
principle, without the flow of the liquids through a mechanical pump or 
pumping mechanism, as has been the case in certain prior arrangements. 
Provision is also made for a high degree of flexibility in the control of 
the suction, both with respect to the amount of suction applied, and also 
with respect to the timing thereof. Thus, provision is made not only for 
adjustment of the amount of vacuum or suction, but also for alternative 
conditions of operation in which the suction may either be applied 
continuously, or may be applied intermittently, or may be applied in a 
manner providing intermittent fluctuation of the suction between high and 
low suction values. 
Still further, it is an object of the invention to provide for operation of 
the equipment intermittently, with provision for regulation of the 
duration of the suction intervals as well as for the duration of the 
"pauses" between the periods when suction is applied. 
In accordance with another aspect of the invention, the equipment includes 
a vacuum chamber having a vacuum line connected therewith, the chamber 
being adapted to receive a disposable suction bag. According to the 
invention the chamber has a wall structure with an opening or doorway, and 
a door is provided, the wall structure and door having portions forming a 
channel therebetween providing for transverse insertion and removal of the 
intake tubes of the disposable suction bags employed, and thereby 
eliminating the necessity for longitudinal threading of a tube through a 
port or aperture in the chamber wall. 
In one embodiment of the invention intermittent operation is achieved by 
alternately interrupting and reestablishing the vacuum in the vacuum 
chamber. In a second embodiment intermittent operation is achieved by 
alternately closing and opening the suction line extended from the 
collection bag to the intake catheter. In the second embodiment it is an 
objective to provide for intermittent operation without changing the 
pressure in the vacuum chamber and also without risk of any backflow in 
the suction line extended from the suction bag to the intake catheter. 
It is an object of the invention to provide an exceedingly simple and 
effective system for replacing the disposable bag and catheter, 
notwithstanding the normal enclosure thereof in the vacuum chamber. 
It is also an object of the invention to provide alternatively for 
insertion of one or more than one bag in the vacuum chamber, each such bag 
having an intake tube with a catheter for receiving liquids either from 
the same or from different sources. 
It is another object of the invention to provide sealing means for the 
intake tube of the bag at the point where the tube extends through the 
channel formed between the wall of the vacuum chamber and the door, and it 
is contemplated according to the invention that sealing means or devices 
be provided to accommodate intake tubes of different sizes. 
Still another object of the invention is to provide sealing means, of the 
kind just referred to, in the form of an adaptor which is preferably 
permanently fastened to the intake tube, thereby avoiding inadvertent use 
of adaptors of the wrong size by personnel operating the equipment. 
The invention also contemplates provision of a bag with a connected intake 
tube carrying sealing means, arranged as a disposable unit unitarily 
separable from the chamber and its door independently of the vacuum line 
for the chamber. 
The foregoing provisions eliminate sterilization and cross contamination 
problems, as will further appear.

Referring first to the first embodiment as shown in FIGS. 1, 2 and 3, a 
vacuum chamber is provided, being formed by a cylindrical body 5, 
preferably made of transparent material, such as polymethyl methacrylate, 
but it is to be understood the main body of the chamber may be constructed 
in various different ways. The cylindrical body 5 has its lower edge 
sealed in a groove provided in the base plate 6, which is mounted on the 
top deck 7 of a base or cabinet 8 in which some of the controls and other 
equipment are housed. These major components of the system are preferably 
arranged as a portable unit which may be taken to any desired point of 
use. 
At the top of the cylindrical body 5 there is a removable or separable 
closure plate 9, which is also desirably formed of transparent plastic 
material and which is hinged to the cylindrical body 5 as indicated at 10 
and which further has a separable fastener such as the swing bolt 11 
provided with a knurled nut 12, the bolt 11 being accommodated in a recess 
13 formed in the edge of the lid 9. 
The upper edge of the cylindrical body 5 is also provided with a notch or 
recess 14 to accommodate the suction tube 15 which is connected with the 
suction bag 16 arranged within the vacuum chamber. Suction bag 16 with the 
tube 15 desirably constitutes a disposable unit. These parts are desirably 
formed of flexible plastic material, preferably transparent or at least 
translucent so that the quantity of liquid in the bag may be observed and 
the bag may have a series of graduations 17 from which a reading may be 
taken of the volume of liquids contained in the bag. 
The various parts of the vacuum chamber are sealed to each other in order 
to prevent loss of vacuum, and the notch 14 for the tube 15 should fit 
snugly, preferably with a sealing element therebetween. 
The tube 15 may terminate in or be provided with a disposable catheter for 
insertion into the zone or cavity from which the liquids are to be 
withdrawn. The bag also has a drain spout 22 with a cap 23 connected with 
the bag in an upper portion thereof above the normal level to which the 
bag is filled. The details of construction of the spout and cap appear in 
FIGS. 5 and 6. Tube 22 has a longitudinal rib 22a, so that when the cap 23 
is applied there remain small leakage passages at each side of the rib 
22a. This provides for communication of the vacuum in the chamber into the 
interior of the bag, so that the actual transfer of the liquids is 
effected under the influence of atmospheric or other pressure upon the 
liquids in the region of the catheter, which pressure, and the reduced 
pressure established in the bag by the vacuum provides the pressure 
differential which is effective to transfer the liquids from the zone 
being drained into the bag. A wad of cotton or other similar material 23a 
in the cap 23 acts as a filter preventing transfer of liquid or 
contaminants from the bag into the surrounding vacuum chamber. If desired 
the cap may be removed to permit use of the spout 22 as a drainage tube 
for emptying the bag, for purposes of analysis, test or disposal. 
The bag may be supported within the vacuum chamber by various supporting 
devices preferably cooperating with the top portion of the bag, as by a 
standard 18 having a cross bar 19 at the top with a pair of hooks 20 
adapted to be received in the loops 21 provided at the top edge of the 
bag. With the bag suspended at the top as just described and with the 
closure 9 displaceable upwardly about the hing 10 and still further with 
the notch 14 in the upper edge of the cylindrical body 5 for receiving the 
tube 15, the insertion and replacement of the disposable bags is 
exceedingly simple and may be effected with minimum effort and time. 
The suspension of the bag at the top, as shown, and the connection of the 
suction tube 15 with the upper region of the bag is also advantageous 
because this arrangement avoids interference with or alteration of the 
suction as a result of build up of the body of liquid within the bag. If 
the suction tube 15 were connected with the bottom or in the bottom region 
of the bag, the gravity head of the accumulating liquid would interfere 
with and reduce the suction action, and this is avoided by arranging the 
suction connection so that it communicates with the suction bag in the 
upper portion thereof, and in any event above the level to which it is 
intended that the liquid would be permitted to rise in the bag. 
As above mentioned, the base or cabinet 8 houses various parts of the 
controls and control system and the pressure reduction within the vacuum 
chamber 5 is effected through a vacuum connection 24, preferably arranged 
in the bottom of the chamber and extended therefrom downwardly for 
association with the control system housed within the base 8. The various 
parts of the control system are hereinafter described first with reference 
to FIG. 4 where the control system is illustrated schematically. In FIG. 4 
the vacuum chamber and the suction bag are also indicated somewhat 
diagrammatically, and in both FIGS. 1 and 4 the suction tube 15 is 
indicated as having its catheter or free end associated with a portion of 
a body, diagrammatically indicated at 25, from which it is desired to 
withdraw liquids. 
In the preferred embodiment of the equipment, it is contemplated that the 
pressure reduction may be effected as a result of association of the 
vacuum connection 24 with either one of two pressure reduction sources. 
One of these comprises a self-contained suction or aspirator pump 
indicated at 26, driven by a motor 27 and housed within the base 8 of the 
equipment. Alternatively, it is contemplated that the vacuum connection 24 
may be coupled with a so-called "vacuum outlet" which is commonly 
available in hospital rooms as a "plug in" vacuum connection coupling, 
usually provided on the wall near the head end of the hospital bed. Such a 
coupling is indicated at 28 in FIG. 4, provided in the wall 29 of the 
hospital room. 
The first of these two sources of vacuum (the pump 26) is coupled with the 
connection 24 through a normally closed solenoid operated valve 30. The 
second of these two sources is adapted to be coupled with the vacuum 
connection 24 through another normally closed solenoid operated valve 31 
which, in turn, is connected with a coupler 32 provided in the wall of the 
base 8. A removable length of tubing 33 having separable couplers at both 
ends serves to connect the wall outlet 28 with the coupling 32, and 
thereby provide for completion of the flow path from the vacuum connection 
24 to the vacuum wall outlet 28. 
A pressure gauge 34 is associated with the connection 24 in order to 
provide a reading of the pressure level or vacuum established within the 
vacuum chamber 5. 
Tubing 35 is extended from the vacuum connection 24 to a pair of additional 
normally closed solenoid actuated valves 36 and 37. The valve 36 has 
associated therewith a bleed valve 38 adjustable by means of a knob 39. 
Similarly, the valve 37 has associated therewith a bleed valve 40 
adjustable by means of a knob 41. These two bleed valves are respectively 
effective when the valves 36 and 37 are opened to provide for regulation 
of the vacuum, i.e., of the extent of pressure reduction in the chamber 5. 
It will be understood that in general, the sources of pressure reduction 
26 and 28 represent substantially constant pressure reduction sources of 
relatively high value, so that if the pressure reduction from either of 
these sources is communicated to the vacuum chamber, without some 
reduction, for most purposes the vacuum and suction developed would be 
higher than that desired. Therefore, one or the other of the adjustable 
bleed valves 38 or 40 is employed to bleed air at atmospheric pressure 
into the system and thereby diminish the extent of pressure reduction or 
vacuum which will be developed in the vacuum chamber 5. 
The control by which an operator may select which of the two pressure 
reduction sources (26 or 28) is to be employed constitutes a switch in an 
electrical control circuit which is indicated in FIG. 4 purely 
diagrammatically. This control switch comprises a control knob 42 (see 
FIGS. 2 and 3) having two ganged switch levers 43 and 44 (see FIG. 4). The 
switch lever 43 controls the solenoid operated valves 30 and 31, having 
three positions, namely OFF, ASP and WALL. In the OFF position both of the 
valves 30 and 31 remain closed and the vacuum system is out of service. In 
the ASP position the valve 30 is opened and the motor 27 is operating so 
that the pressure reduction is derived from the internally located 
aspirator pump 26. In the WALL position the valve 31 is opened and the 
pressure reduction is derived from the wall outlet 28. 
It will be noted that in either the ASP or WALL position, the ganged second 
switch lever 44 provides for delivery of power to another switch having a 
knob 45 (see FIGS. 2 and 3) operating a switch lever 46 which may 
selectively or alternatively be positioned in the INT or the CON 
positions, as indicated in FIG. 4. In the CON position the solenoid valve 
36 is opened and the bleed valve 38 is effective to regulate the pressure 
reduction in the chamber 5, and this represents a constant operating 
condition which may be maintained at any desired pressure level according 
to the adjustment of the knob 39. 
When the switch lever 46 is in the INT position, the valve 37 may be 
opened, but this opening is effected under the influence of the timer 
device indicated at 47. The timer has two controls 48 and 49, the first 
providing for control of the period of time during which the valve 37 is 
opened, and the second providing for control of the length of the interval 
between the periods during which the valve 37 is opened. In this way the 
suction may be made intermittent, as is sometimes desirable in order to 
provide for withdrawal of body liquids for only short periods of time, at 
timed intervals. It will be understood that any suitable switches, 
solenoids, timers and the like may be utilized, such individual components 
forming no part of the present invention per se. 
From the foregoing it will be seen that the equipment of the first 
embodiment of the invention provides great flexibility in control and in 
the operating conditions, the extent of pressure reduction being variable 
at will by the bleed valves 38 and 40, which are respectively operative 
either in the continuous mode or in the intermittent mode, and this 
regardless of which of the pressure sources is relied upon to effect 
pressure reduction in the vacuum chamber. 
Turning now to the embodiment illustrated in FIGS. 7-10 inclusive, it is 
first pointed out that a number of parts and devices employed are the same 
or essentially the same as those utilized in the first embodiment and 
described above. The same reference numerals are employed on such parts or 
components and they will be referred to in the following description only 
generally, instead of in detail in view of the description previously 
given. 
The embodiment of FIGS. 7-10 incorporates a number of distinctive features 
as compared with the first embodiment and these distinctive features are 
emphasized in the following description. 
Reference is first made to the overall general configuration of the 
equipment shown in FIGS. 7-10 and it will be seen that the vacuum chamber 
of this embodiment is made up of assembled flat sheets or wall elements, 
at least some of which are preferably formed of transparent plastic or 
resin material such as polymethyl methacrylate. The vacuum chamber is 
defined by a back wall 50, top and bottom walls 51 and 52, upright end 
walls 53, and an inclined front wall 54. At least the front wall 54, which 
is arranged to serve as a door or closure, as more fully brought out 
herebelow, is preferably formed of transparent material, and desirably 
also the side walls. The vacuum chamber is arranged above a base 55 
adapted to enclose certain operating parts, as will further appear, this 
base desirably being substantially completely enclosed, except for certain 
ports or passages through which connections extend, as will be described. 
Below the bottom wall of the base or enclosure 55 means for supporting the 
unit are provided, preferably including a pair of laterally spaced wheels 
56, and a pair of downwardly projecting spaced side wall elements 57, 
which may conveniently take the form of triangular pieces, with one corner 
of each presented downwardly to provide for support as on the floor 
indicated at F in FIG. 7. 
With the equipment arranged in the general manner described above, the 
various components are conveniently arranged and assembled in an overall 
structure which may readily be wheeled from place to place and which will 
also stand in a stable upright position because of the supporting elements 
56 and 57. 
With regard to the general arrangement it is further to be observed that 
superimposed above the top wall 51 of the vacuum chamber a control box is 
provided as indicated at 58, this box having a top wall or panel 59 with 
which various of the operating controls are associated, especially those 
which are located within the control box 58. 
The inclined front wall 54 is preferably hinged along its lower edge as 
indicated at 60 so that this wall serves as a displaceable closure movable 
between the full line closed position shown in FIG. 7 at 54 and the 
dot-dash open position illustrated. Straps 61 each having a slot 
cooperating with a pin are provided to limit the opening movement of the 
front wall in the manner plainly shown in FIG. 7. The wall 54 may be 
fastened in closed position by means of a pivoted latch device 62 
cooperating with a keeper 63. 
Opening the front panel provides for ready access to the suction bag 16, 
which is conveniently hung from hooks 64 depending from the top wall 51 of 
the vacuum chamber. The bag is desirably of the construction described 
above, having a suction tube 15 and also a drain 22 with cap 23 
constructed as described. Along the edge of one of the side walls 53, a 
notch 14 is provided to accommodate the suction tube 15, in a manner very 
similar to the arrangement shown in the first embodiment. It will be 
understood that sealing gaskets or other sealing elements will be employed 
to avoid leakage and loss of vacuum, for instance along the meeting edges 
of the displaceable wall 54 and the side, top and bottom walls of the 
chamber, as well as in the region of the notch 14 for accommodation of the 
suction tube 15. 
In the bottom portion of the suction chamber an upright wall 65 is 
provided, projecting upwardly from the bottom wall 52 and extending 
laterally between the side walls 53, this wall 65, cooperating with other 
wall elements of the vacuum chamber to define a sump which will receive 
and retain liquids, in the event of inadverent spillage or leakage, for 
instance because of a damaged suction bag. Preferably the wall 65 is of 
sufficient vertical height so that the sump provided has a volumetric 
capacity at least as great as the normal charge in one of the suction 
bags. It will also be noted that the vacuum connection 24 which extends 
upwardly through the bottom wall of the vacuum chamber extends to a height 
somewhat above the upper edge of the wall 65, so that even in the event of 
accumulation of liquid in the sump, this liquid will not enter the vacuum 
system. 
It is contemplated that the equipment shown in FIGS. 7-10 be capable of 
operation either by the action of a self-contained aspirator comprising 
the suction pump 26 and motor 27, or by an externally available vacuum 
source which may be coupled with the equipment by means of the plug-in 
vacuum connection 33 of the kind above described, cooperating with the 
connector 32. These two sources of vacuum are respectively controlled by 
normally closed solenoid operated valves 30 and 31 as in the first 
embodiment, both of these valves being associated with the vacuum 
connection 24 which is extended from the base enclosure upwardly into the 
vacuum chamber. Preferably the base enclosure 55 is provided with an 
opening with which a filter device 66 is associated, desirably in the form 
of a replaceable filter unit, so that any discharge through the opening 
from the interior of the base enclosure from the suction pump 26 will be 
filtered before discharge into the surrounding air. 
The arrangement of the controls appears to best advantage in the schematic 
view of FIG. 10. Here it will be seen that the vacuum connection 24 which 
communicates with the intake sides of the solenoid valves 30 and 31, also 
communicates with a connection 67 which extends from the base enclosure 
upwardly at the back of the vacuum chamber, for instance through an 
enclosed duct or channel 68 (see especially FIG. 7), this connection 67 
being associated with controls arranged in the control box 58 at the top 
of the unit, as described below with particular reference to the schematic 
view of FIG. 10. 
A pressure gauge 34 is associated with the vacuum line 67, and in addition 
an adjustable bleed valve 38a, having an adjustable control knob 39a is 
associated with the vacuum connection 67, these devices (34 and 39a) being 
mounted on the panel 59 at the top of the control box, as will be seen 
from FIG. 8. The timer device 47 is also located in this control box and 
the two control knobs 48 and 49 of this timer are positioned above the 
panel 59 as also appears in FIG. 8. 
The timer mechanism in the embodiment of FIG. 7 is arranged to operate in a 
somewhat different manner than in the embodiment of FIGS. 1-6. Thus, 
whereas in FIGS. 1-6 the timer mechanism operates on the suction side of 
the system, i.e. operates on the vacuum connection 24 by means of which 
the vacuum is developed in the vacuum chamber, in the embodiment of FIGS. 
7-10 the timer mechanism is arranged to operate on the suction tube 15 
which, in effect, is the pressure side of the system, i.e. the side at 
which atmospheric pressure is acting to cause flow of the liquids through 
the tube 15 into the suction bag. Outside of the vacuum chamber, at one 
side wall thereof, a bracket 69 is provided, the lower edge of this 
bracket having an upwardly open channel 70 adapted to receive the tube 15. 
When a bag is inserted in the vacuum chamber and the tube introduced into 
the notch 14, the tube may also be manually laid into the channel 70 and 
then extended to the source 25 of the liquid to be drawn into the suction 
bag. The midportion of the channel 70 is cut away as indicated at 71 in 
FIG. 9, in a position below the plunger 72 of the solenoid device 73. The 
solenoid device is of the type in which the plunger 72 is biased 
downwardly, as by spring pressure, and when the plunger is pressed 
downwardly against a tube 15 in the channel 70, the tube will be closed by 
being deflected into the recess 71. The plunger 72 may be manually lifted 
by the handle 74 provided at the top of the solenoid device. The plunger 
72 may also be raised by action of the solenoid under the influence of the 
timer 47, in which event the raising of the plunger will be intermittent, 
the control knobs 48 and 49 providing for control of the period during 
which the plunger is raised and also for control of the interval between 
periods when the plunger is raised. 
The solenoid 73 may be activated constantly, thus maintaining the plunger 
72 in raised position at anytime the switch 46 is positioned in the CON 
position. 
As in the first embodiment, the arrangement of FIGS. 7-10 includes a 
control knob 45 for the switch providing for alternative intermittent or 
constant operation (see FIG. 8). In addition switch buttons 43a, 43b and 
43c are provided on the control panel as shown in FIG. 8, these buttons 
serving to operate the switch parts indicated at 43 and 44 in FIG. 10 and 
serving respectively to establish the OFF, ASP and WALL conditions. 
The arrangement of the solenoid 73 as described hereinabove, has a number 
of distinctive advantages including the fact that at anytime when the 
system is completely turned off, as by pushing the OFF button, the plunger 
72 will close the tube 15, which is desirable in order to prevent gravity 
flow of liquid in reverse direction through the tube 15 to the body cavity 
from which liquids have been withdrawn. 
When the equipment is being operated with the switch 46 in the CON position 
the plunger 72 will be lifted so that fluids may be drawn through the tube 
15 into the suction bag 16. When the switch 46 is in the INT position the 
plunger 72 will be intermittently raised and lowered, thereby 
intermittently opening and closing the suction tube 15. This provides an 
intermittent suction operation without changing the vacuum or pressure 
reduction in the vacuum chamber and the suction bag. This provides for 
intermittent operation without involving any time delays for pressure 
reduction or pressure increase in the vacuum chamber. The positioning of 
the tube 15 in the channel 70 is a simple and readily effected operation, 
merely requiring manual lifting of the spring pressed plunger 72 by the 
handle 74, in order to raise the plunger to a position above that 
established by the solenoid and its return spring, so that the tube may 
readily be placed in the channel 70 below the plunger 72. Upon release of 
the handle the plunger will descend under the action of the return spring 
to close the tube, unless the equipment is in operation, in which event 
the plunger will be kept by the control circuits in the position shown in 
which the tube is open. 
In the embodiments described above and also in others described 
hereinafter, the use of the vacuum system to produce the suction in the 
suction bag is advantageous from a number of standpoints including the 
fact that this system facilitates the employment of disposable suction bag 
and suction tube components. It will be observed that no part of the 
disposable components need be introduced into any mechanical pump device. 
Moreover, the system of the present invention is capable of establishing 
and maintaining a given suction condition immediately from outset of 
operation, and this condition will be maintained at the selected suction 
or pressure level without variation, regardless of fluctuations of the 
quantity of liquid in the suction tube or in the suction bag. 
Turning now to the embodiment of the equipment as illustrated in FIGS. 11 
to 17, it is first to be understood that although not all parts of the 
equipment are shown in these figures, the parts which are not illustrated 
may be of the kind disclosed above, especially in the second embodiment 
which is shown in FIGS. 7 to 10, but the equipment of the third embodiment 
incorporates certain differences as compared with the equipment of the 
second embodiment as will be pointed out. 
It is also to be understood that certain of the features described 
herebelow in connection with the third embodiment may also be used in the 
first or second embodiments, for instance the phases of the control system 
providing for automatic transfer of operation from the self-contained 
suction source to an external suction source, and also the sealing means 
for the suction tube, as particularly described with reference to FIGS. 13 
to 17. 
Still further it is to be understood that bags and suction tubes of the 
kind described above are contemplated for use also in the third 
embodiment, although the sealing means for the suction tube employed 
embodies differences from what has been described with reference to FIGS. 
1 to 10, as will further appear. 
Turning now to the system as diagramed in FIG. 11, it will be noted that 
the vacuum chamber of this embodiment is of the kind shown in FIGS. 7 and 
10, but in FIG. 11 the mounting of various of the control parts in the 
base has not been illustrated as this portion of the equipment may be 
arranged in the same manner as the third embodiment. The bag in the 
suction compartment is again indicated at 16 and it is contemplated that 
this may be the same kind of bag described above, having provision for 
communication between the interior of the bag and the interior of the 
chamber as illustrated in FIG. 6 and having a suction tube which is here 
indicated at 15a, having certain differences from the tube 15 of the first 
two embodiments, as will be explained hereinafter. 
The vacuum system or the vacuum chamber includes the principal vacuum 
connection 24, of the kind described above, associated with a different 
form of control system as is illustrated in FIG. 11 and described below. 
It is first noted that the pressure gauge 34 is here shown as being 
directly connected with the vacuum chamber separately for the connection 
24, although it will be understood that the pressure gauge may 
alternatively be connected with the vacuum connection 24. 
The self-contained source of suction, namely the motor 27 and the pump 26, 
is provided and this pump is connectable with the vacuum connection 24 
through the solenoid valve 30 which is a normally closed valve, as in the 
other embodiment. The discharge of the pump 26 may be delivered through a 
filter 66, in the manner previously described in reference to FIG. 7. 
Connections 67a extend from the main suction line 24 to the adjustable 
bleed valve 38a, by means of which air may be bled into the system, 
thereby limiting the maximum suction, in the manner previously described. 
This device is adjustable by means of the nob 39a. In the embodiment of 
FIG. 11, a branch connection 74 is provided with a petcock or other quick 
release valve indicated at 75 which may be opened to rapidly dissipate the 
suction in the system should that be desired at any time, for instance, 
just prior to opening of the closure 54 of the vacuum chamber in 
preparation for removing a suction bag. 
Another branch 76 of the suction system extends to the bleed valve 77 which 
is adjustable by the nob 78 and this line also includes the normally 
closed solenoid valve 79 adapted to be opened and closed by the timer 47 
having controls 48 and 49, as above described, for regulating the 
intermittent operation, both with respect to the length of the suction 
periods and also the intervals between the intermittent suction periods. 
In this system for intermittent operation, the adjustable valve 77 may be 
used to establish and control the minimum suction level. In this way, in 
combination with the device 38a, both the maximum and minimum suction 
levels may be adjusted independently. When the timer 47 permits the valve 
79 to close, then the suction level is established by the valve 38a, and 
when the timer operates to open the valve 79 the adjustable valve 77 will 
permit additional air to bleed into the system. The valve 77 may be 
adjusted so that even when the valve 79 is open, there will still remain a 
low level of suction in the system. 
The provision of intermittent operation as just described provides an 
effective way of preventing backflow in the suction tube of the bag during 
the timed intervals of "rest". This operation at timed alternate intervals 
of higher and lower suction is advantageous under certain conditions and 
use of the equipment, as it not only prevents backflow during the rest 
periods, but also provides for resting of the tissues and wound, and still 
further for dislodgement of any clot or material tending to accumulate and 
block the drainage system. 
If it is desired to have no suction in the rest intervals, this may also be 
achieved by adjusting the valve 77 to its maximum opening, in which it is 
contemplated that sufficient air will bleed into the system through the 
branch connection 76 to completely dissipate the vaccum during the rest 
periods. 
Still another branch 80 of the suction system is provided with two normally 
open solenoid operating valves 81 and 82 which are arranged in series, the 
line 80 ultimately terminating in a connector 32 and serving the same 
purpose as connector 32 above described in connection with the first and 
second embodiments. Thus, this connector is adapted to be coupled with the 
connector 28 of a wall vacuum outlet, a disconnectable tube 33 being 
provided for that purpose as in the earlier embodiments. This system 
provides for alternative operation of the equipment on the external source 
of suction instead of on the internal suction pump. 
All of the elements in the system as described above in reference to FIG. 
11, are adapted to be controlled by an electrical system diagrammatically 
indicated in FIG. 11 and here shown as including an ON/OFF push button 
switch 83 in the power line P. When the power switch 83 is in the ON 
position it provides for delivery of current to the three control switches 
indicated as push buttons 84, 85 and 86 (see also FIG. 12). When the push 
button 84 which is labeled PUMP is actuated, the motor 27 of the 
self-contained suction system is activated and in addition the solenoid 
valve 30 is opened, thereby providing for operation of the equipment on 
the self-contained suction source. At the same time, it will be seen that 
this circuit delivers current to the normally open solenoid valve 81 
thereby closing that valve, so that the vacuum connection 80 is closed 
off. With the WALL STOP push button switch 86 operated, current is also 
delivered to the normally open solenoid valve 82 thereby closing that 
valve. The provision of the two normally open valves 81 and 82 thus 
provides for alternative operation either on the internal suction source 
or on the external suction source, and in addition this arrangement 
provides a safety factor which may be explained as follows: 
Assuming it is intended that the equipment be operated on the 
self-contained suction source, such operation is only effective when 
electric power is available. If the electric power should fail (for 
instance by the opening of a circuit breaker or fuse), the failure of the 
power will, of course, result in termination of the operation of the 
self-contained suction source, but at the same time, the loss of current 
will result in opening of both of the normally open valves 81 and 82 and 
assuming the connection 33 has been made to the external source of 
suction, the operation of the equipment will automatically be diverted to 
and will continue operation on the external source of suction. On the 
other hand, even when power is available, the operation of the push button 
switches 84 and 86 will provide for selective operation either on the 
self-contained suction source or upon the external source, and when 
operating on the external source, the operation of the push button switch 
86 may be used to either open or close the valve 82, which may from time 
to time be desired. 
Since the solenoid valve 79 is a normally closed valve, the intermittent 
operation will only be operative when power is available. The intermittent 
functioning of the equipment may, of course, be controlled by the INT 
switch button 85 operated either to activate or deactivate the timer 47. 
In considering the third embodiment, some features of the control panel as 
shown in FIG. 12 should be noted. 
In the first place, it will be understood that the control panel may also 
be mounted on top of the vacuum chamber as indicated in FIG. 7. FIG. 12 
shows a suitable disposition for the switches 83, 84, 85 and 86 and it may 
be observed in connection with those switches that they may each comprise 
a push button type of switch in which successive actuations of the push 
button results in successive connection and disconnection of the circuit. 
Desirably these push button switches contain signal lights and are color 
coded so that a glance at the control panel will inform the operator of 
the condition of the controls. 
From FIG. 12, it will also be seen that the quick suction release petcock 
75 is shown on the control panel, as is also the suction gauge 34 and the 
two adjustable adjustable control valves 38a and 78 which are provided 
respectively for regulating the high suction level and the low suction 
level, as described above. With regard to the low suction level, if 
desired, this adjustable valve may be interiorly disposed in the equipment 
so as not to be readily accessible to operating personnel and may even be 
a valve having a fixed setting, but for some purposes, it is advantageous 
to have this low suction level adjustment accessible on the control panel 
for use by the operating personnel. 
It will also be noted that the illustration of the control panel in FIG. 12 
does not indicate the adjustable controls 48 and 49 for the timer 47, and 
it is here contemplated that this timer and its controls may also be 
located interiorly of the equipment so as to require presetting, rather 
than normal adjustment by the operating personnel. On the other hand, if 
desired, the timer controls may be mounted on the control panel as is the 
case in the second embodiment described above and shown in FIG. 8. 
Turning now to the feature illustrated in FIGS. 13 to 17, it is first noted 
that a suction tube for a bag is indicated by the reference numeral 15a. 
From the enlarged fragmentary view of FIG. 13, it will be seen that the 
edge of the side wall 53 of the suction chamber is provided with two tube 
receiving notches or recesses 87 and 88. This has been done so that more 
than one bag each with a separate suction tube, may be mounted in the 
vacuum chamber, the equipment being capable of handling more than one bag, 
so that if required for some special purposes, liquids may be withdrawn 
separately from more than one source. Because of the vacuum or suction 
condition within the chamber, it is of course important to provide a 
substantially leak proof seal around the tube at the point where the tube 
passes through the wall of the chamber from the bag to the intake 
catheter. In the embodiment illustrated in FIGS. 13 to 17, each notch or 
recess such as indicated at 87 is desirably of larger size than the tube 
to be received, and a sealing device or adaptor is applied to the tube and 
seated in the notch 87. Advantageously the sealing device comprises an 
adaptor 89 formed of soft or resilient material, for instance, expanded or 
porous sponge type plastic such as polyvinyl chloride resin material. 
Alternatively, sponge or soft rubber may be used. As seen in FIG. 13, at 
each side of the adaptor 89 extended wings 89a are provided, and the notch 
in the side wall 53 desirably includes portions recessed to accommodate 
the wings 89a. Moreover the device 89 is also desirably provided with 
flanges indicated at 89b forming a channel structure embracing the side 
wall 53. 
The sealing device 89 may completely surround the suction tube 15a, in 
which case it would be necessary to apply the sealing device to the tube 
by sliding it over one end of the tube and along the tube to the desired 
position. Alternatively, the sealing device may be slit at the side facing 
the closure 54, so that the device may be applied to the tube 
transversely. 
It is contemplated that the sealing device snuggly fit the engaged surfaces 
of the side wall 53 of the vacuum chamber and also the adjacent flat 
surface of the closure door 54. Ordinarily, the suction tube itself is 
also formed of a soft or pliable plastic material, and by employing a 
sealing device of the kind described above, upon such a plastic tube, the 
sealing device may readily be proportioned so that the material thereof is 
placed under slight compression when the door 54 is closed, thereby 
assuring a leak proof joint where the tube passes out of the vacuum 
chamber. 
The sealing device may constitute a separately handleable adaptor, as shown 
in FIG. 17, which may be applied to the suction tube at the time the bag 
and the tube are being inserted in the equipment for use. On the other 
hand, the sealing device may advantageously be adhesively secured or 
permanently bonded to a suction tube which is either integral with or 
which may be assembled with a suction bag. It is desirable to have the 
sealing device permanently fastened to the tube regardless of whether the 
tube is permanently fastened to the bag or comprises a separate component 
to be assembled with a bag. This has a special advantage which is 
explained as follows: 
Various bags and associated suction tubes may be used in the equipment of 
the invention, the tubes being of different diameter. To insure a tight 
seal with tubes of different diameters, it is important that the sealing 
device have different dimensions corresponding to the individual 
dimensions of the tube being used. If the sealing device comprises a 
separate adaptor, there would necessarily have to be sealing devices of 
different sizes maintained in stock in order to have adaptors available 
for tubes of different sizes. However, if a properly proportioned sealing 
device is permanently fastened to each suction tube, errors in assembly 
are avoided. In all cases, of course, the external dimensions of the 
sealing devices are appropriate to the size of the notch in the edge of 
the chamber wall 53. Thus, by providing a sealing device permanently 
fastened or assembled with each tube, whether or not the tube is 
permanently assembled with a bag, a snug seal is assured, and therefore 
maintenance of the desired suction condition is also assured. 
In the case of the presence of a notch such as indicated at 88 in FIG. 13 
which at times is not being used for a suction tube, that notch may be 
closed by means of a "blank" adaptor as indicated at 90, this adaptor 
having flanges 90b as indicated to embrace the edge of the side wall 53 
and to provide for complete enclosure of that notch when it is not being 
used for a suction tube. 
In all three embodiments already described and others described below, the 
use of the vacuum system to produce the suction in the suction bag is 
advantageous from a number of standpoints including the fact that this 
system facilitates the employment of disposable suction bag and suction 
tube components. It will be observed that no part of the disposable 
components need be introduced into any mechanical pump device. Moreover, 
the system of the present invention is capable of establishing and 
maintaining a given suction condition immediately from outset of 
operation, and this condition will be maintained at the selected suction 
or pressure level without variation regardless of fluctuations of the 
quantity of liquid in the suction tube or in the suction bag. 
Still another embodiment is shown in FIGS. 18 to 22. As there shown, the 
vacuum compartment is defined by various walls, in a manner similar to 
FIGS. 7, 10, 11 and 13, including upright side walls indicated at 53, and 
the wall structure is provided with a doorway with which the door 54 
cooperates in order to provide an openable vacuum compartment for 
receiving the suction bag 16 which may be suspended in the vacuum 
compartment by means of hooks 64. 
In this embodiment, one of the side walls 53 has an edge notch 91 of 
V-shape adapted to receive the sealing device, which, in this embodiment, 
is of triangular configuration. The sealing device comprises a triangular 
body portion 92 and a triangular flange portion 93 lying at one side of 
the body portion 92 and projecting beyond all three sides of the body 
portion. The sealing device is centrally apertured to receive the suction 
tube 15 of the bag 16. 
The dimensions of the body portion 92 are adapted to snuggly fit the notch 
91 in the side wall 53, and to provide for snug engagement with the 
overlying portion of the door 54 when the door is closed. 
As shown, the flange portion 93 is adapted to engage the outer surface of 
the side wall 53 of the vacuum chamber, adjacent to the notch 91. 
As illustrated, it will be seen that the edge of the chamber wall adjacent 
to the doorway has an edge notch of angular shape representing at least 
two flat sides of a regular polygon, the notch opening representing still 
another side of the polygon. The sealing device itself has the shape of 
said regular polygon and this configuration of the notch and of the 
sealing device is of advantage because it permits insertion of the seal in 
the notch in any one of a number of angular positions. The use of an 
equilateral triangular configuration for both the notch and the sealing 
device provides the advantage just mentioned of employing a notch and seal 
having the shape of a regular polygon, but the triangular configuration 
has additional advantages including the fact that the triangular shape 
provides an automatic centering action when the seal is inserted in the 
notch, and this is true regardless of which of the three corners of the 
triangle is brought into registry with the notch during insertion. The 
resulting ease of insertion of the seal into the notch is a factor of 
considerable importance in order to facilitate and expedite the changing 
of bags. 
The triangular configuration is also especially advantageous for other 
reasons, including the fact that the triangular shape most readily lends 
itself to providing the desired snug fit between the seal and the notch of 
the side wall of the compartment as well as between the seal and the door. 
From the manufacturing standpoint also, the triangular shape of the seal 
and the notch is important. In fabricating the side wall and forming the 
notch therein, it is relatively easy to provide an accurate V-shaped 
notch, and in the formation of the seal device, the triangular shape is 
one which is readily provided, particularly in a molding operation, as is 
contemplated. 
The configuration of the sealing device, having the flange part 93 
overlying the wall surface adjacent to the notch is also an important 
feature, because, when the door is closed and the vacuum is established in 
the compartment, the flange part 93 is drawn against the surface of the 
side wall of the compartment adjacent to the notch, thereby providing a 
"self-tighting" action and further enhancing the tightness of the seal 
around the suction tube 15. 
As above indicated, it is contemplated that both the bag 16 and the tube 15 
are desirably formed of flexible plastic material, and the flexibility of 
these components is also of importance, because it further facilitates the 
"self-tighting" action produced by the establishment of the vacuum in the 
chamber when the door is closed. The flexibility of the parts with which 
the seal is associated is also of importance from the standpoint of 
insertion of the sealing device into the notch, because with the flexible 
tube and bag, the sealing device may readily be turned or shifted in 
position during insertion, in order to properly seat the sealing device in 
the notch. 
The sealing device is advantageously molded of plastic material, for 
instance polyvinyl chloride or neoprene or it may be formed of vulcanized 
rubber. The material is advantageously somewhat yielding and resilient and 
the size of the sealing device is desirably slightly larger than the 
notch, so that when the door is closed it will tend to force the material 
of the sealing device into the notch and thereby provide tight 
interengagement. 
The sealing device desirably has a central passage or bore to receive the 
tube 15 which bore is slightly larger in diameter than the outside 
diameter of the tube. The bore, however, is provided with a bead such as 
indicated at 95 in FIG. 20 projecting inwardly and having an inside 
diameter slightly less than the outside diameter of the tube in order to 
engage the external surface of the suction tube. This bead will serve to 
provide the seal between the sealing device itself and the tube and will 
also facilitate insertion of the tube through the sealing device as 
compared with a configuration in which the entire length of the bore 
tightly engages the outside surface of the tube. 
Although the sealing device may be employed in association with a rigid 
door having a hard sealing surface, it is preferred that the door be 
provided with a sealing gasket which is extended not only in the region on 
the tube sealing device, but also throughout the entire perimeter of the 
door. As seen in FIGS. 21 and 22, the door is advantageously provided with 
a cut-out around the edge thereof in order to receive the resilient gasket 
94 positioned to engage the surfaces of the wall structure of the vacuum 
compartment around the doorway or opening provided. The presence of this 
gasket provides an effective seal under the action of the vacuum within 
the compartment, the external atmospheric pressure serving to tightly 
engage the gasket with the surfaces surrounding the doorway and also with 
the outwardly presented surface of the tube sealing device. 
There is still another advantage resulting from the location of the sealing 
gasket 94 in an edge cut-out extended around the perimeter of the door. 
Thus, when the door is closed and and the vacuum established in the 
compartment, the external atmospheric pressure acting against the edge of 
the gasket would tend to shift the gasket inwardly, but this is prevented 
by virtue of the accommodation of the gasket in the edge cut-out which 
provides a shoulder around the perimeter of the door resisting inward 
displacement of the gasket. 
As with the embodiments described earlier, the arrangement of FIGS. 18 to 
22 also contemplates, that a plurality of notches may be provided in the 
wall of the compartment in order to accommodate more than one bag. In 
addition, it is also here contemplated that if more than one notch is 
employed, or if a notch is not used, it may be closed by a "blank" sealing 
device, as above explained in connection with FIGS. 13 to 17. 
Still further, as with the embodiments described above, it is contemplated 
that sealing devices may be provided for cooperation with suction tubes of 
different sizes. 
As above indicated, the bag, suction tube and sealing device may comprise a 
disposable unit, but alternatively, as with the embodiment of the sealing 
device described above in connection with FIGS. 13 to 17, the sealing 
device and tube may comprise a disposable unit independently of the bag, 
which, of course, may also be disposable. For certain purposes, it may be 
of advantage to provide for separate disposal of bags on the one hand and 
tubes with sealing devices on the other hand. As seen in FIG. 18, for this 
purpose, the tube 15 may be separable from the nipple 96 provided on the 
bag. 
Turning now to the alternative arrangement of the controls shown in FIG. 
23, attention is called to the fact that the general arrangement here 
shown is essentially the same as that shown in FIG. 11 and described 
above. In FIG. 23, however, certain alternative arrangements and an 
additional control are illustrated as applied to the system, as will be 
brought out in the following description. 
As in various preceeding embodiments, the vacuum chamber is indicated in 
outline in FIG. 23, including back, top and side walls, identified by 
numerals 50, 51 and 53. Certain portions of the equipment illustrated in 
FIG. 23 lies within an enclosure, for instance a chamber at the bottom or 
behind or above the vacuum chamber as in various embodiments described 
above, but other portions of the equipment are exposed for access by the 
operator of the equipment. 
As in preceeding embodiments, the arrangement of FIG. 23 includes a vacuum 
pump 26 with an operating motor 27, the pump having a delivery connection 
extended to the filter 66 for purposes already explained. The principal 
vacuum line connection with the interior of the vacuum chamber is 
indicated by the numeral 24 and it will be seen that this vacuum line is 
connected with the vacuum chamber through the top wall 51 thereof. This 
principal line is extended downwardly for communication with the line 24a 
which extends to the vacuum pump 26, a check valve 97 being interposed. It 
is contemplated that the pump 26 and motor 27 be enclosed, for instance in 
a chamber at the bottom of the unit, as in FIG. 7. The level of the vacuum 
communicated to the vacuum chamber by means of the connection 24 may be 
regulated, a valve 38a having an adjustment nob 39a for regulating the 
amount of air bleeding into the line 24, this arrangement being explained 
more fully above in connection with FIGS. 10 and 11. This constitutes the 
primary self-contained vacuum system of the equipment. 
As in the embodiment of FIG. 11, it is also contemplated that the equipment 
be capable of operation by use of an external source of vacuum, to which a 
connection may be made by the line 33 having communication with the line 
80 through a normally open solenoid control valve 81. The line 80 is 
extended for connection with the primary vacuum line 24, through a check 
valve 98. Line 80 also has a manual shut-off valve 80a accessible for 
control by the operator. 
Because of the connections described above, the bleed valve 38a serves to 
control the suction level regardless of whether the equipment is being 
operated upon the self-contained pump 26-27 or upon suction derived from a 
wall outlet through the line 33. 
As in the embodiment of FIG. 11, FIG. 23 includes an adjustable bleed valve 
78 connected with the primary vacuum line 24 through a normally closed 
solenoid operated valve 79, and this valve is adapted to be intermittently 
opened and closed in order to intermittently alter the suction level, for 
purposes already described above. This intermittent operation is provided 
for by the electrical control system, which is described herebelow. 
The overall electrical control system is similar to that of FIG. 11 
including a master ON/OFF switch 83. When it is desired to operate the 
unit on the self-contained vacuum pump, the PUMP button 84 is actuated, 
thereby energizing the circuit shown which delivers current to the pump 
motor 27, and at the same time operates the normally open solenoid valve 
81 so as to close that valve, and thus shut off the line 80 from the wall 
suction line 83. 
For operation of the unit on the wall suction, the PUMP button 84 is 
actuated to open the pump circuit, and the line 33 is plugged into the 
wall outlet. Upon opening of the manual valve 80a in the line 80, the unit 
will then be operated on wall suction. 
Whether operating either on the self-contained pump 26 or upon wall 
suction, the INT (intermittent) button 85 is operative to deliver current 
to the timer mechanism 47 which times the delivery of current to the 
normally closed solenoid valve 79, thereby providing alternate intervals 
of relatively low and relatively high suction in the manner fully 
described above. The device 47 is preferably adjustable both with respect 
to the length of the high suction periods and also with respect to the 
intervals of "dwell" between the intermittent high suction periods as in 
the embodiment of FIG. 11 described above. In this mode of operation, the 
adjustable bleed valve 78 serves to control the low level of suction, the 
high level of suction being established by the valve 38a. It is 
contemplated that the timer 47 be enclosed and not normally available for 
adjustment by the operating personnel. 
In the embodiment of FIG. 23, still another control is provided and for 
this purpose still another adjustable bleed valve is included, this valve 
being indicated at 99 and serving to bleed air into the bleed line 99a 
which is connected with the vacuum pump line 24a and also with the 
adjustable valve 100 through which air may bleed into the wall suction 
line 80 downstream of the check valve 98. 
Valve 99 communicates with the line 99a through the normally open solenoid 
control valve 99b, the operating circuit for which is controlled by the 
HIGH SUCTION button 99c. 
Before explaining the operation of certain of the controls, it is noted 
that according to a preferred embodiment of the invention, only certain of 
the controls are accessible to the operator of the equipment. In the 
arrangement as illustrated in FIG. 23, the adjustable bleed valve 38a 
-39a, and the adjustable bleed valve 78, as well as the shut-off valve 
80a, are all indicated as being located above the vacuum compartment and 
it is contemplated that these particular controls should be accessible for 
normal use and operation by the operator. These controls may be mounted on 
a panel at the top of the unit, for instance in the general manner 
indicated in FIG. 12. The top control panel also desirably carries the 
vacuum gauge 34. Still further, it is contemplated that the control 
buttons for the electrical controls, including the switch buttons 83, 84, 
85 and 99c be located on the top control panel, in the general manner 
described in connection with FIG. 12. All of the remainder of the 
equipment, including the adjustable timer 47, the solenoid valves 79, 81 
and 99b, the adjustable bleed valve 99, the adjustable valve 100, and the 
vacuum pump unit 26-27, are all located in an enclosure either at the back 
of or below the vacuum chamber and these units are not normally accessible 
to the operator of the equipment. 
The components of the system of FIG. 23 bearing reference characters which 
are the same as those referred to above in connection with FIG. 11 
function in the same manner as already described with reference to FIG. 
11. However, the components of FIG. 23 which doe not appear in the 
embodiment of FIG. 11 include the following, which serve the purposes and 
functions referred to just below. 
The manual shut-off valve 80a provides manual control of shut-off of the 
wall suction line 80, which is used in the embodiment of FIG. 23 instead 
of the solenoid operated valve 82 of FIG. 11. 
The adjustable bleed valve 99 and the solenoid operated shut-off device 99b 
serve somewhat different purposes and functions than any of the components 
shown in FIG. 11. The valve 99 is a suction limiting valve which may be 
referred to as a "do-not-exceed" valve. It is contemplated that this valve 
should not be normally accessible to the operating personnel but that it 
will be set either at the factory, or by supervisory personnel. The 
setting of this valve 99 which would typically and initially be made with 
the equipment operating on the self-contained pump unit 26-27, will 
provide a normal maximum limit to the suction level, which can not be 
exceeded by any adjustment of the normal suction level control 38a-39a. 
However, for special purposes which may be desired from time to time it 
may be desired to eliminate the restriction on the suction established by 
the bleed valve 99. For that purpose the HIGH SUCTION button 99c may be 
actuated so as to close the normally open solenoid valve 99b and thereby 
terminate the limiting effect of the bleed valve 99. 
The limiting effect of the bleed valve 99 may also be communicated to the 
vacuum line 80 which may be connected with a wall suction system, this 
communication being provided by the valve 100 which is adjustable and 
which may be preset in the manner of the valve 99, preferably either by 
factory or supervisory personnel, thereby compensating for differences in 
the pressure available at the self-contained and wall suction sources. 
It should be understood that equipment essentially like that disclosed in 
FIG. 23 but without provision for alternative connections to a wall 
suction source may be employed, in which event certain portions of the 
system including the connection 33, the solenoid valve 81, the vacuum line 
80, the shut-off valve 80a and the adjustable "do-not-exceed" 100, may be 
eliminated. 
Turning now to the additional embodiments of sealing devices as shown in 
FIGS. 24 to 27, reference is first made to FIG. 24 which is a figure 
closely resembling FIG. 18, except that a pair of notches for receiving 
sealing devices are provided, instead of only a single notch such as shown 
at 91 in FIG. 20. The additional notch in FIG. 24 is indicated at 101 and 
is provided in the side wall 53 of the valve compartment in a position 
opposite to the notch 91. These two notches may be employed for the 
mounting of two bags provided with tubes and seals of the same type shown 
in FIG. 20, although as will be understood, the suction tubes 15 of the 
two bags are brought out of the vacuum compartment at opposite sides of 
the chamber. 
FIG. 24 illustrates certain other variants which may be employed. For 
instance, at the left hand side, FIG. 24 illustrates a "blank" sealing 
device about to be inserted into the notch 91. It will be noted that a 
blank sealing device 90 of somewhat different shape is shown in FIGS. 13 
and 15, but in FIG. 24, since the notches employed are triangular in order 
to accomodate triangular sealing devices, the blank sealing device which 
is indicated at 102, is also of triangular shape and is provided with a 
projecting flange 103 adapted to engage the outer surface of the chamber 
wall 53 and the outer edge of the wall 54 in order to tighten the seal 
under the influence of the suction tending to draw the device 102-103 
inwardly. The body 102 of the blank sealing device also carries a clip 
type element 104 having a pad 105 at its free or inner end, the parts 104 
and 105 being positioned so that, in cooperation with the flange 103, the 
side wall 53 of the chamber is engaged both outside and inside of the 
chamber to thereby stabilize the position of the blank sealing device even 
when the door 54 is not closed. 
Attention is now called to the fact that the tube 15 and the sealing device 
92-93 provided for the bag 16 shown as being mounted in the vacuum 
compartment in FIG. 24, is of somewhat different construction than parts 
shown in FIG. 18. Whereas in FIG. 18, the flexible tube 15 extends through 
the sealing device 92 and is fastened to the bag 16 by means of a ferrule 
96, in FIG. 24, the tube 15 is fastened to an additional piece of tubing 
96a which may be of substantially rigid construction and which extends 
from the bag outwardly to and through the sealing device 92, the flexible 
tube 15 being telescoped to or otherwise fastened to the projecting outer 
end of the rigid tube 96a externally of the vacuum compartment. 
Thus, while the embodiment of FIG. 18 includes not only a flexible and 
yieldable bag 16 but also a flexible and yieldable tube 15, including even 
the portion of the tube extended inwardly from the sealing device to the 
ferrule 96, in the arrangement of FIG. 24, the flexible tube 15 terminates 
outboard of the sealing device, and the tubing inboard of the sealing 
device is rigid, but is connected with a flexible bag. In either of the 
embodiments just referred to, the action of the sealing device to tighten 
the seal under the influence of the differential pressure between the 
inside and the outside of the compartment is provided for, because in 
either event, the inward movement of the sealing device to tighten the 
sealing engagement with the chamber wall is accomodated by the 
yieldability of the bag or of the bag and tube. Freedom for some 
adjustment movement of the bag on the suspension hooks 64 also provides 
the desired yielding so that the seal will automatically tighten under the 
action of the suction in the chamber. 
In FIG. 25 still another embodiment of the sealing device is illustrated. 
Here the device is similar to that shown in FIGS. 18 to 22, the sealing 
device including a body 92a, preferably of triangular shape, having a 
projecting flange 93a, the flange projecting from the body in the mid 
region thereof, in order to project into a correspondingly shaped slot 91a 
formed in the notch 91 in the side wall 53 of the chamber. In this 
embodiment it is preferred also that a slot 94a be provided in the gasket 
94 on the door 54. This arrangement also provides for tightening of the 
surface of the flange 93a against adjoining surfaces of the wall 53 and of 
the door 54 under the influence of the suction after the door is closed. 
It will be understood that the sealing device is provided with a central 
opening to engage the suction tube in the manner described above. 
The arrangement shown in FIG. 25, with the interfitting flange 93a and slot 
91a assists in positioning the sealing device when it is being inserted, 
and prior to the time the door is closed. 
Turning now to FIG. 26, it will be seen that the sealing arrangement there 
shown contemplates the use of a triangular notch 91 in the wall 53 of the 
vacuum chamber, in exactly the same form as shown in FIGS. 18 to 22. A 
chamber door 54 having a sealing gasket 94 is also here contemplated for 
use. In this case, however, the sealing device 106 takes a somewhat 
different form. The device is of triangular shape, but is also somewhat 
tapered. The tapered edges of the device are desirably covered with a 
yielding gasket type material, as indicated at 107. In this embodiment the 
cross sectional dimension of the plug 106 measured in a plane 
perpendicular to the axis of the suction tube to which the seal is 
applied, is slightly smaller than the corresponding dimensions of the 
triangular notch 91. At the same time the cross sectional dimension of the 
plug 106 at the outer side of the sealing device is preferably slightly 
larger than the corresponding dimensions of the notch 91. With these 
proportions, the sealing device functions in the manner of a tapered plug, 
which is tightened under the influence of the differential pressures 
inside and outside of the vacuum chamber. 
Still another seal arrangement is shown in FIG. 27 in which the wall of the 
vacuum chamber again appears at 53 and the door at 54, the door having a 
sealing gasket 94, as fully explained above in connection with FIGS. 18 to 
22. In FIG. 27, however, the notch for receiving the sealing device takes 
the form of a half cylinder 108 and the body 109 of the seal is 
correspondingly shaped and is provided with a projecting flange indicated 
at 110 which, as in the embodiment of FIGS. 18 to 22 is positioned to lie 
outside of the wall 53 of the chamber and the adjacent edge of the door 
54. In FIG. 27 the door is indicated in two positions, being shown in 
closed position in full lines and in partly opened position in dot-dash 
lines at 54a. 
Because of the semi-cylindrical shape of the body 109 of the seal and of 
the corresponding notch 108, if the seal is positioned so that the flat 
surface is not exactly in the plane of the edge of the wall 54, when the 
door 54 is closed, it will automatically rotate the sealing device in the 
notch and thus bring it to its proper position for effecting the seal. 
Although various embodiments illustrate and describe the tube and seal as 
being separately formed, it will be understood that tubes and sealing 
elements may be formed integrally for instance by integrally forming a 
sealing flange directly on a tube. 
In all of the sealing arrangements shown in FIGS. 13-17, FIGS. 18-22, FIG. 
24, FIG. 25, FIG. 26 and FIG. 27, certain features are in common. First, 
in each case the body of the sealing device has portions of larger and 
smaller cross section in spaced planes transverse to the axis of the 
suction tube, with the portion of larger cross section located more 
remotely from the bag than the portion of smaller cross section. In 
addition, in each of those embodiments provision is made in the tube/bag 
assembly for yielding movement of the sealing device under the action of 
the differential pressure between the inside and outside of the chamber. 
The two characteristics just referred to are both of importance in 
providing for automatic tightening of the seal, while resisting undesired 
displacement of the seal from the notch into the interior of the chamber. 
In all forms, moreover, the sealing devices are readily insertable and are 
shaped to simplify the insertion while assuring proper sealing action. 
The equipment is simple, inexpensive and reliable and presents virtually no 
hazards from the standpoint of contamination of the nondisposable portions 
of the apparatus.