Writing implement

This invention relates to a writing implement comprising an outer casing, a coil spring disposed within the casing, an inner tube inserted through the coil spring and having a plurality of presharpened leads stored therewithin, and a capping member inserted over the open end of the inner tube. The front (writing) end of the inner tube is split into two clamping halves. The front end of the coil spring is formed into a hooked portion which slides along the slot formed between the clamping halves to allow the expelling and feeding of presharpened lead pieces into the clamping halves.

The present invention is related to a writing and drawing pencil, in which 
the lead can be changed automatically and in which the leads are 
presharpened, thus requiring no sharpening. 
Ever since the introduction of "presharpened" pencils in the market, there 
have been numerous forms and kinds of such pencils in use. However, upon 
further investigation, it is found that the construction of these pencils 
is not only very complicated, but also inconvenient in use and have many 
disadvantages. 
The primary objective of the present invention is to provide a special 
construction in a presharpened pencil in order to facilitate writing, as 
well as to eliminate the disadvantages of the conventional presharpened 
pencils. 
The following are the advantageous characteristics of the present 
invention: 
(1) The present invention adopts the "direct pressing" method in which the 
user employs a one-handed operation to quickly push out or change the 
pencil lead for the purpose of writing. The convenience and simplicity of 
this operation have never been shown. The previous presharpened pencils 
have never exhibited such desirable characteristics. 
(2) While in use, the lead in the present pencil is tightly pressed against 
the front end of the pencil so that there is no wobbling or vibrating, 
thus providing an extremely stable operation. 
(3) When changing or refilling the leads in the present pencil, the user's 
fingers do not come in contact with the somewhat poisonous lead. This is 
one of the most outstanding advantages of the present invention--to 
prevent the fingers from getting dirty which is beneficial to the health 
of the users (e.g. students). 
(4) In the present invention, the lead sections do not require lead holders 
or collars which means easier manufacturing and lower costs. 
(5) The present invention allows the retraction of an exposed lead into the 
pencil. Thus, there is no need for an additional cap to cover or protect 
the lead. 
(6) Since the construction of the present invention is particularly simple, 
the parts can easily be made without fabrication by injection molding. As 
the manufacturing process is simplified, the cost is decreased to a large 
extent.

As shown in FIG. 7, the automatic lead-changing, presharpened writing and 
drawing pencil of the present invention consists of mainly an outer casing 
10, an inner tube 20, a coil spring 30, and a capping member for the inner 
tube 40. The outer casing 10 is made of a hollow round tube by a 
pipe-drawing extrusion method, with the two opposite ends 11, 12 being 
tapered to form a generally conical shape. Each end has an appropriate 
opening 13 and 14 respectively, which opening has a smaller diameter than 
the casing 10. On outer casing 10, a circular groove 15 is provided near 
end 11 at about one third of the length of the casing 10. Two undercuts 
16, the purposes of which will be explained later, are also provided near 
end 11. The interior of tube 20 is provided with a channel 21 in which a 
plurality of leads 50 are stored. The foremost end of channel 21 is formed 
into a front tube channel 22 having a slightly smaller diameter. The 
purpose for the smaller diameter of front tube channel 22 is to prevent 
the foremost one of the pencil leads 50 from passing therethrough, so that 
the leads 50 are held within tube 20. The other end of the tube channel 21 
is made into a rear tube channel 23 (FIG. 2) for the purpose of adding new 
leads 50. The front end of inner tube 20 is enlarged to form conical head 
24, in which are cut two slip slots 26, 27, bisecting said enlarged 
conical head 24 into two crescent lead clamps 25. One slot 26 is shorter 
(about one half of the length of one lead section which is usually about 
1-1.5 cm long) and the other slot 27 is much longer, about five times the 
length of slot 26. The closed end of slot 27 is connected to slip channel 
28, having a bottom wall and two side walls and formed by excavating in 
the direction of slot 27 on the wall of internal tube 20. The closed end 
of channel 28 has a sloping bottom wall to facilitate the gliding of end 
32 of coil spring 30 thereon. In addition, two protrusions 29 are provided 
on the exterior surface of tube 20, at a distance of one third the length 
of tube 20 from conical clamp 25. The protrusions 29 are for pressing on 
coil spring 30 when the tube 20 is placed within outer casing 10 through 
coil spring 30. It is important to note that at the front end of spring 
30, the last coil 31 constitutes a lead-pushing member 33 having a hooked 
tip 32 bent outwardly, i.e. away from the interior or tube 20. Upon 
inserting inner tube 20 into outer casing 10 through coil spring 30, care 
is exercised so that tip 32 is aligned with slot 27 and channel 28. When 
inner tube 20 is inserted through coil spring 30, the lead-pushing piece 
33 at the front end of coil spring 30 is forced into slot 27, causing tip 
32 to extend into the junction between tube channel 21 and front tube 
channel 22. As a result, tip 32 can either effectively press onto or block 
against pencil lead 50. An eraser block 41 is inserted into capping member 
40, having an interior surface 42. Capping member 40 is slipped over the 
end of inner tube 20 to serve as an actuator button during the use and at 
the same time as a cap in order to prevent the leads 50 from falling out 
of tube channel 23. 
To assemble the present pencil, firstly, coil spring 30 with lead-pushing 
piece 33 pointing toward the writing end of the pencil is inserted through 
opening 14 into the tail portion 12 of outer casing 10. It is lodged at 
front end 11 inside tube 10. Thereafter, outer tube 10 is pressed at an 
appropriate location near front end 11 to form two depressions 16 
mentioned above, with the second winding 34 of coil spring 30 being 
tightly fastened thereto. The purpose of fastening at the second winding 
34 is to enable same to be coupled with first winding 31 to acquire 
increased elasticity. That is, by fastening the spring at 31, the 
elasticity of the front end of the coil spring 30 is increased. After coil 
spring 30 has been secured, the inner tube 20 is then inserted, with lead 
clamp 25 being fitted through coil spring 30. Next, lead pushing member 33 
of coil spring 30 is glided or rotated into alignment with slot 27. As a 
result of the alignment, the front ends of the two lead clamps 25 project 
slightly outside of opening 13 (when the two leads clamps 25 containing no 
pencil lead therein are pressed together, their outside diameter will be 
slightly smaller than opening 13, therefore they can project out). After 
inner tube 20 has been properly inserted, groove 15 which extends 
circumferentially around outer casing 10 is pressed inwardly onto stoppers 
29 on inner tube 20 so as to firmly secure inner tube 20 within outer 
casing 10. Finally, the open end of capping member 40 is fitted over the 
tail portion of inner tube 20. An eraser 41 is then fitted into the other 
open end of capping member 40 which member fits within upper end 12 of 
outer casing 10, thus completing the assembly of the present invention. 
FIG. 8 is another embodiment of the present invention. It differs from the 
above embodiment in that four pieces of elastic film 23b are provided on 
the interior surface of internal tube 20a. The films 24b are located near 
the opening 23a of internal tube 20a. Accordingly, the opening 23c to 
internal tube 20a is reduced so that it is slightly smaller than the 
outside diameter of the pencil lead 50. Thus, it is apparent that it is 
not necessary to utilize capping member 40 although the push button 
function and the prevention of leads 50 from falling out of inner tube 20 
are retained. This kind of construction reduces the main members of the 
present invention to three: the outer casing, the inner tube and the coil 
spring. 
With reference to FIGS. 1-5, these figures show the various stages involved 
in operating the present pencil. When tube channel 21 of inner tube 20 is 
completely filled with presharpened lead pieces, the capacity is 12 
sections. The lead pieces are stored in an end-to-end fashion with the 
sharpened end of each piece being pointed towards the writing end of the 
present pencil. FIG. 1 shows the pencil before being used. When the user 
starts to press or push end 23 of inner tube downwardly, protrusions 29 
force coil spring 30 to be compressed, as in FIG. 2. Lead clamps 25 of 
inner tube 20 are fully projected outside opening 13 of outer casing 10. 
On the other hand, lead-pushing member 33 of coil spring 30 slides along 
slot 27 due to the downward shift of lead clamps 25. When lead-pushing 
member 33 reaches the end wall of slot 27, it will be forced to slide onto 
channel 28 upon further pressing. At this time, the first section of 
pencil lead 51 in inner tube 20 is no longer blocked by lead-pushing 
member 33 and is subsequently released. It falls automatically through the 
foremost end of tube channel 21. However, since front tube channel 22 is 
slightly smaller in diameter than lead 51, the latter is thus retained 
therewithin. The point of lead 51 extends through the front tube channel 
22 and is exposed to the outside as shown in FIG. 2. The user then removes 
his finger from end 23, thus releasing the pressure. As a result, lead 
clamps 25 of inner tube 20 is withdrawn into the outer casing 10 as coil 
spring 30 returns to almost its original length. Lead-pushing member 33 is 
returned to tube channel 21 after gliding through channel 28 and slot 27. 
Upon further retraction of inner tube 20, member 33 comes into contact 
with the blunt end of lead 51, thus pushing lead 51 further out of channel 
21 into front tube channel 22. When inner tube 20 is returned to its 
original position (that is, protrusions 29 are stopped by circular groove 
15 on outer casing 10) the first lead section 51 is pushed completely into 
front tube channel 22 of inner 20, as shown in FIG. 3. As a result of the 
insertion of lead 51 into lead clamps 25, the outside diameter of the 
clamps is slightly increased so that the diameter is larger than opening 
13 of outer casing 10. When the user presses the pencil down onto the 
writing surface, an upward pressure is exerted, pushing the front end of 
inner tube into outer casing 10. Since the outside diameter of the clamps 
is slightly larger than opening 13, this inward pressure forces the clamps 
into opening 13 so as to form an extremely tight grip on exposed lead 51. 
Thus, there is no wobbling or vibrating in lead 51, which leads to a very 
stable writing or drawing operation. When the first section of lead 51 has 
become blunt due to use and has to be replaced by a second section of lead 
52, the above process may be repeated by pressure down on end 23, making 
the two lead clamps 25 extend out of outer casing 10 as shown in FIG. 4. 
By releasing the pressure, the lead-pushing member 33 pushes the second 
section of lead 52 into channel 22, which pushes the blunt used lead 51 
completely out of inner tube 20. However, since lead clamps 25 are still 
partially open when lead 51 is expelled, the removal of lead 51 is easily 
performed, without any damage to the point of lead 52 (see FIG. 5). The 
above description is detailed particularly for the sake of understanding 
the working principle of the present invention. It should be noted that 
during actual use, the pushing and releasing movements are continuous and 
rapid, and that little exertion in handling and operation is required of 
the user. 
In the present invention, the pencil lead, used or not used, can be 
withdrawn into the pencil as shown in FIG. 1. The user simply puts the 
front end of an exposed pencil lead against any surface such as a table 
top and press end 23 of inner tube 20 lightly to have the two lead clamps 
25 project slightly outside of opening 13 of outer casing 10 to form an 
opening. In the meanwhile, the rear blunt portion of the exposed lead 
forces away hooked tip 32 of lead-pushing member 33 and enters tube 
channel 21. Thus, as pressure is released, the entire lead section is 
withdrawn into the tube channels 21 and 22. Therefore, the present 
invention has the additional advantage of requiring no protective cap or 
cover for the lead. In the event that it is not desired to have the lead 
retracting feature in the present invention, this can be accomplished by 
replacing the hooked tip 33 with a straight portion. However, such an 
embodiment would require a protective cap to protect the exposed lead. 
The lead section used in the present invention will not be limited to 
pencil lead. Other working implements which can utilize the construction 
of the present invention and, therefore are within the scope thereof, 
include colored pencils, crayons, paraffin pencils, and the like. 
Furthermore, when all the pencil leads in inner tube 20 have been used up 
and replacements are required, cork 61 of plastic spare tube 60 filled 
with a plurality of pencil lead is removed and the entire spare tube is 
inserted into opening 23 of inner tube 20. The lead pieces 50 are allowed 
to fall into the tube one by one to fill it completely as shown in FIG. 1. 
Therefore, according to this invention, the filling of new pencil leads 
can be done conveniently and without dirtying the fingers of the user. 
However, should the user prefer, the lead may be inserted individually 
into inner tube 20 without using plastic spare tube 60.