Window having an improved sash structure

The sash profiles of the top-hung sash structure have substantially L-shaped cross sections with small wall thickness, and the insulating pane (4) is manufactured with dimensions corresponding to the exterior dimensions of the frame structure and is secured to the sash profiles (5-7) by adhesive sealing (21, 22). A resilient gasket profile (11-13) is secured to the outwards facing edge surfaces (17-19) of the top, bottom and side members of the frame structure as abutment for the interior side of the insulating pane.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
 The present invention relates to a window, in particular for mounting in an
 inclined roof surface, comprising a frame structure with top, bottom and
 side members and a relative to the frame structure openable, top-hung sash
 structure with an insulating pane encased between top, bottom and side
 members of metal or plastic profiles, the sash profiles being metal sheet
 profiles with substantially L-shaped cross-section and small wall
 thickness, and a resilient gasket profile being secured to the outwards
 facing edge surfaces of the top, bottom and side members of the frame
 structure as abutment for the interior side of the insulating pane.
 Windows of this type are for example, known from DK patent No. 74858 and
 U.S. Pat. No. 4,776,141. In such windows it is a general problem to obtain
 sufficient tightness relative to the room inside, in particular if for
 reasons of appearance, when the windows are for instance to be used in
 protected buildings, traditional building materials cannot be used.
 Windows of this simple design are thus, first and foremost, suited for more
 or less uninhabited areas, for instance, ceilings or outhouses. In
 living-quarters, condensation will, however, easily form on the interior
 side of the insulating pane, when the cold outside air gets in contact
 with the hot and humid indoor air. Condensation is a well-known problem
 within this field and this problem has been solved in many satisfactory,
 but expensive and complicated
 SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
 The object of the invention is to improve a window of the type, which is
 both easy and inexpensive to manufacture, but which at the same time,
 meets the demands made on a window, and which is to be used in occupied
 areas.
 This object is met according to the invention by a window which is
 characterized in that the insulating pane is manufactured with such
 dimensions that its edges, when the window is closed, are placed
 substantially in flush with the exterior sides of the frame structure,
 that the sash profiles comprise a comparatively narrow wall portion in
 abutment on an edge portion of the exterior side of the insulating pane
 and a second wall portion connected therewith through a rectangular corner
 and abutting an edge surface of the insulating pane, said second wall
 portion overlapping, in the closed position of the window, the exterior
 side of the frame member lying behind, and in that the insulating pane is
 secured in said wall portions of the sash profiles solely by adhesive
 sealing.
 In addition to the desired simple manufacture it is obtained that by
 manufacturing the insulating pane with such dimensions in combination with
 the positioning of the gasket profile on the outwards facing edge surfaces
 of the frame structure, smaller demands are made on the design of the
 sash, and the formation of cold bridges is avoided, whereby the tendency
 of condensation in the window is reduced. Furthermore, the design of the
 sash profiles provides a good weather-proof protection of the interior
 parts of the window.
 The sash profiles are preferably mutually connected by welding, and the
 adhesive sealing of the insulating pane is preferably made by a silicone
 adhesive, which results in a simple and inexpensive manufacture.
 The design of the sash construction makes it possible to make the top hinge
 of the window integral with the sash profile.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
 In the embodiment shown in the drawings, a top-hung roof or skylight window
 according to the invention comprises a frame structure having a top member
 1, side members 2 and a bottom member 3 and a top-hung sash structure
 openable relative thereto, in which an insulating pane 4 is enchased
 between a top member 5, side members 6 and a bottom member 7.
 As will appear from the cross-sectional views in FIGS. 2-4, the insulating
 pane 4 is manufactured with dimensions which substantially correspond to
 the exterior measures of the frame structure, such that the edge surfaces
 8-10 of the pane 4 are substantially flush with the exterior sides of the
 top, side and bottom members 1-3 of the frame structure, and such that the
 insulating pane 4 in the closed position of the window directly abuts
 resilient sealing profiles 11-13, which are retained in grooves 14-16 in
 exterior edge surfaces 17-19 of the top, side and bottom members 1-3 of
 the frame structure.
 The sash profiles 5-7 are in the embodiment shown designed as metal sheet
 profiles with substantially L-shaped cross-section with a small wall
 thickness and mutually connected by corner joints 20, which, as shown in
 FIG. 1, may be made as 45.degree. angular joints.
 In this very simple and light sash structure, the insulating pane 4 is
 secured by an adhesive sealing, for instance, as shown, by joints 21 and
 22 of silicone adhesive.
 The wall 5a-7a of the L-shaped cross-section of the sash profiles 5-7,
 which abuts the edge surfaces 8-10 of the insulating pane 4, is, as shown,
 manufactured with such a width that in the closed position it overlaps the
 exterior side of the frame member 1-3 lying behind it and is at its
 interior edge folded for providing a softly rounded edge.
 With a view to obtaining a good thermal insulation, the top, side and
 bottom members 1-3 of the frame are made from wood profiles 23, which, as
 shown in FIG. 6, are connected at the corners in profiled mitre joints 24,
 for instance with undulating abutment surfaces 25. This method of joining
 has the advantage that it partly provides a safe mutual locking of the
 top, side and bottom members 1-3, partly gives optimum insulation
 properties, the end surfaces of the wood profiles being removed from the
 exterior sides of the frame members.
 In the embodiment shown, the frame wood profiles 23 are manufactured with a
 substantially parallelogram-shaped cross-section, in which the
 above-mentioned exterior edge surfaces 17-19 lie in a common plane, with
 which the adjacent opposite side surfaces 26, 27 of the profile
 cross-section form an angle v of, for instance, 95 to 140.degree., in the
 embodiment shown 96.degree.. By this profile cross-section, which provides
 the structure with the shape of a low frustum of a pyramid, an
 advantageous possibility is obtained of manufacturing the frame structure
 with oblique interior sides, which is desirable with a view to mounting
 various forms of accessories like, for instance, roller blinds and insect
 nets, and with a minimum consumption of material, the profiles 23 being,
 as shown, manufactured with a comparatively small thickness.
 In the embodiment shown, the thermal insulation property of the frame
 structures is improved by the fact that to the side of the profiles 23,
 which is intended for forming the interior side of the frame structure,
 additionally, substantially rod-shaped insulating elements 28 are
 retained, which may be manufactured from a suitable, well insulating
 material.
 As will be seen from FIGS. 2-4, the insulating elements 28 extend across a
 part of the width of the wood profiles 23 and are supported by abutment
 lists 29 connected with the wood profiles 23 by groove and tongue joints
 30.
 On the interior sides 26, the top, side and bottom members 1-3 of the frame
 structures end in a covering of metal sheet profiles 31, which covers the
 entire interior side and extends towards the edge area of the insulating
 pane 4. By this metal sheet covering such an improved heat transmission
 towards the insulating pane is obtained that in practice it has turned out
 to be possible to completely prevent condensation, something which
 otherwise frequently happens at the border areas of roof or skylight
 windows. The heat transmission typically has the effect that at a room
 temperature of 20.degree. C. and an outdoor temperature of 0.degree. C., a
 temperature of about 14.degree. C. is obtained on the interior side of the
 insulating pane 4.
 The fact that the abutment lists 29, as shown, are designed such that they
 at a distance from the wood profiles 23 form a nose portion 32, may be
 exploited for retaining the covering profile 31 by manufacturing it with a
 folded edge portion 33.
 This design of the frame structure entails that the wood profiles 23 and
 the abutment lists 29 connected therewith may be releasably connected with
 the insulating elements 28 and the covering profiles 31, which can easily
 be exchanged for lacquering/change of colour or for mounting of fittings
 for accessories, and which entails a simple, and from an environmental
 point of view advantageous construction, which makes it possible at a
 subsequent dismounting to easily separate the frame structure into wood
 profiles, insulating elements and metal profiles with a view to reusing
 the materials to a high degree.
 On the exterior sides the top, side and bottom members 1-3 of the frame
 structure are in a manner known per se covered by flashing profiles 34-36
 of metal sheets.
 For fastening of the window to the underlying roof structure, grooves 35a
 have, as shown in FIG. 3, been provided in the frame side members 2 for
 receiving fixing angles or straps, which are subsequently secured to the
 roof structure.
 The sash and frame constructions shown make it in an advantageous manner,
 possible to make the top hinge of the window integral with the top members
 1 and 5 of the frame and sash structures, respectively.
 For this purpose a fitting member 37 with a hinge pin forming member in the
 form of a projecting wall portion 38 may be connected with the flashing
 profile 34 for the frame top member 1, whereas a substantially V-shaped
 hook member 39 is made integral with the wall portion 5a of the L-shaped
 metal sheet profile for the sash top member 5, said hook member 39 being
 hinged on the upward wall portion 38 and having an opening angle in the
 range of 20 to 30.degree..
 To hold the hook member 39 and the projecting wall portion 38 in mutual
 engagement and to make a turning of the sash structure to a ventilation
 position possible, securing means have, as shown in FIG. 5, been secured
 to adjacent pairs of side members 2 and 6 of the frame and sash
 structures, said securing means comprising, in the embodiment shown,
 holding means 40 and 41, for instance in the form of blocks of a
 wear-resistant plastic material, with part-cylindrical guide surfaces 42
 and 43 with axis in the pivot axis of the hinge 44. Within an opening
 angle range, which is smaller than the opening angle of the V-shaped hook
 member 39, the holding means 40 and 41 will keep the hinge members 38 and
 39 in mutual engagement, whereas they, when the sash structure is turned
 beyond this opening angle range to the position shown by a dotted line in
 FIG. 5, will be disengaged and thus allow an easy dismounting of the sash
 structure relative to the frame structure.
 For opening the sash structure relative to the frame structure to a
 ventilation position within the opening angle range, a window operator may
 in a manner known, be mounted in connection with the bottom members 3 and
 7 of the frame and sash structures, for instance, an electrically driven
 chain operator with an operator housing 45 accommodated in a recess in the
 wood profile 23 and the insulating element 28 and an operating chain 46,
 which may be detachably connected with a sash fitting 47 secured to a for
 instance, L-shaped console 48 in connection with the L-shaped sash profile
 7a, for instance secured to its folded edge portion.