Sun screening agents in the form of oil/water micro emulsions

A sun protection composition, in an oil-in-water microemulsion form, containing: (a) an oil component; (b) a monoglyceride (ether) sulfate; and (c) at least one ultraviolet filter.

This application is a 371 of PCT/EP97 05349 filed Sep. 29, 1997
 BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
 This invention relates to sun protection compositions in the form of o/w
 microemulsions containing oils, selected anionic emulsifiers and UV
 filters and to the use of these mixtures for the production of sun
 protection compositions.
 PRIOR ART
 Under the influence of solar radiation, the pigmenting of normal skin leads
 to the formation of melanins. Exposure to long-wave UV-A light results in
 darkening of the melanins present in the epidermis without any harmful
 effects while exposure to short-wave UV-B radiation results in the
 formation of new melanin. However, before the protective pigment can be
 formed, the skin is exposed to the effect of unfiltered radiation which
 can lead to reddening of the skin (erythema), inflammation of the skin
 (sunburn) or even to blisters, depending on the exposure time. The strain
 on the organism associated with such skin lesions, for example in
 connection with the distribution of histamines, can additionally lead to
 headache, lassitude, fever, heart and circulation problems and the like.
 The consumer seeking to protect himself/herself against the harmful
 effects of the sun can choose from a range of products which, for the most
 part, are oils and milky emulsions which, besides a few skin-care
 ingredients, contain above all UV filters. Overviews on this subject have
 been published, for example, by P. Finkel in Parf. Kosm. 76, 432 (1995)
 and by S. Schauder in Parf. Kosm. 76, 490 (1995).
 Nevertheless, there is a continuing need on the market for products with an
 improved performance spectrum. Of particular interest in this regard are
 compositions which enable relatively large amounts of UV filters to be
 incorporated without any phase separation or sedimentation occurring
 during storage. Where relatively large quantities of titanium dioxide are
 incorporated, a formulation produced by the phase inversion temperature
 method, as described for example in European patent application EP-A1 0
 667 144 (L'Oreal), tends to separate the dispersed solid very quickly.
 Another problem is that many UV filters are capable of interacting with
 the other ingredients of the formulation, resulting in a chemical reaction
 and also in a reduction in storage stability. Finally, consumers prefer
 transparent formulations which show high skin-cosmetic compatibility, even
 when applied to very sensitive skin. Accordingly, the complex problem
 addressed by the present invention was to provide sun protection
 compositions which would be distinguished at one and the same time by
 particular phase stability, stability in storage, transparency and
 compatibility with sensitive skin.
 DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
 The present invention relates to sun protection compositions in the form of
 o/w microemulsions containing
 (a) oils,
 (b) monoglyceride (ether) sulfates and
 (c) UV filters.
 It has surprisingly been found that o/w microemulsions of the described
 type are extremely stable in storage, even where relatively large
 quantities of UV filters are incorporated, and are distinguished by
 particularly high skin-cosmetic compatibility. In addition, their particle
 fineness makes them transparent which contributes towards the aesthetic
 appearance of the products. The invention includes the observation that
 particularly advantageous compositions can be obtained by using mixtures
 of (b1) monoglyceride sulfates and (b2) alkyl ether sulfates, alkyl
 oligoglucosides and/or fatty acid-N-alkyl glucamides in a ratio by weight
 of 10:90 to 90:10 and preferably 25:75 to 75:25 as emulsifiers.
 Oils
 Suitable oils are, for example, Guerbet alcohols based on fatty alcohols
 containing 6 to 18 and preferably 8 to 10 carbon atoms, esters of linear
 C.sub.6-20 fatty acids with linear C.sub.6-20 fatty alcohols, esters of
 branched C.sub.6-13 carboxylic acids with linear C.sub.6-20 fatty
 alcohols, esters of linear C.sub.6-18 fatty acids with branched alcohols,
 more particularly 2-ethyl hexanol, esters of linear and/or branched fatty
 acids with polyhydric alcohols (for example dimer diol or trimer triol)
 and/or Guerbet alcohols, triglycerides based on C.sub.6-10 fatty acids,
 vegetable oils, branched primary alcohols, substituted cyclohexanes,
 Guerbet carbonates, dialkyl ethers and/or aliphatic or naphthenic
 hydrocarbons. Other suitable oils are silicone compounds, for example
 dimethyl polysiloxanes, methylphenyl polysiloxanes, cyclic silicones and
 amino-, fatty-acid-, alcohol-, polyether-, epoxy-, fluorine- and/or
 alkyl-modified silicone compounds which may be both liquid and resin-like
 at room temperature. The oils may be present in the compositions according
 to the invention in quantities of 1 to 90% by weight, preferably 5 to 75%
 by weight and more preferably 10 to 50% by weight, based on the
 non-aqueous component.
 Monoglyceride (ether) Sulfates
 Monoglyceride sulfates and monoglyceride ether sulfates are known anionic
 surfactants which may be obtained by the relevant methods of preparative
 organic chemistry. They are normally produced from triglycerides which are
 transesterified to the monoglycerides, optionally after ethoxylation, and
 then sulfated and neutralized. The partial glycerides may also be reacted
 with suitable sulfating agents, preferably gaseous sulfur trioxide or
 chlorosulfonic acid [cf. EP-B1 0561825, EP-B1 0561999 (Henkel)]. If
 desired, the neutralized products may be subjected to ultrafiltration to
 reduce the electrolyte content to the required level [DE-A1 4204700
 (Henkel)]. Overviews of the chemistry of monoglyceride sulfates have been
 published, for example, by A. K. Biswas et al. in J. Am. Oil. Chem. Soc.
 37, 171 (1960) and by F. U. Ahmed in J. Am. Oil. Chem. Soc. 67, 8 (1990).
 The monoglyceride (ether) sulfates to be used in accordance with the
 present invention correspond to formula (I):
 ##STR1##
 in which R.sup.1 CO is a linear or branched acyl group containing 6 to 22
 carbon atoms, x, y and z together stand for 0 or for numbers of 1 to 30,
 preferably 2 to 10, and X is an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal.
 Typical examples of monoglyceride (ether) sulfates suitable for the
 purposes of the invention are the reaction products of lauric acid
 monoglyceride, cocofatty acid monoglyceride, palmitic acid monoglyceride,
 stearic acid monoglyceride, oleic acid monoglyceride and tallow fatty acid
 monoglyceride and ethylene oxide adducts thereof with sulfur trioxide or
 chlorosulfonic acid in the form of their sodium salts. Monoglyceride
 sulfates corresponding to formula (I), in which R.sup.1 CO is a linear
 acyl group containing 8 to 18 carbon atoms, are preferably used. The
 percentage content of monoglyceride (ether) sulfates is normally from 10
 to 90% by weight, preferably from 25 to 75% by weight and more preferably
 from 40 to 60% by weight, based on the non-aqueous component.
 Alkyl Ether Sulfates
 Alkyl ether sulfates ("ether sulfates") which may be used as anionic
 co-emulsifiers are known surfactants which, on an industrial scale, are
 produced by SO.sub.3 or chlorosulfonic acid (CSA) sulfation of fatty
 alcohol or oxoalcohol polyglycol ethers and subsequent neutralization.
 Ether sulfates suitable for use in accordance with the invention
 correspond to formula (II):
EQU R.sup.2 O--(CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 O).sub.m SO.sub.3 X (II)
 in which R.sup.2 is a linear or branched alkyl and/or alkenyl radical
 containing 6 to 22 carbon atoms, n is a number of 1 to 10 and X is an
 alkali metal and/or alkaline earth metal, ammonium, alkylammonium,
 alkanolammonium or glucammonium. Typical examples are the sulfates of
 addition products of on average 1 to 10 and more particularly 2 to 5 moles
 of ethylene oxide onto caproic alcohol, caprylic alcohol, 2-ethylhexyl
 alcohol, capric alcohol, lauryl alcohol, isotridecyl alcohol, myristyl
 alcohol, cetyl alcohol, palmitoleyl alcohol, stearyl alcohol, isostearyl
 alcohol, oleyl alcohol, elaidyl alcohol, petroselinyl alcohol, arachyl
 alcohol, gadoleyl alcohol, behenyl alcohol, erucyl alcohol and brassidyl
 alcohol and technical mixtures thereof in the form of their sodium and/or
 magnesium salts. The ether sulfates may have both a conventional homolog
 distribution and a narrow homolog distribution. It is particularly
 preferred to use ether sulfates based on adducts of on average 2 to 3
 moles of ethylene oxide with technical C.sub.12/14 or C.sub.12/18
 cocofattyl alcohol fractions in the form of their sodium and/or magnesium
 salts.
 Alkyl and/or Alkenyl Oligoglycosides
 Alkyl and alkenyl oligoglycosides are known nonionic surfactants
 corresponding to formula (III):
EQU R.sup.3 O--[G].sub.p (III)
 in which R.sup.3 is an alkyl and/or alkenyl radical containing 4 to 22
 carbon atoms, G is a sugar unit containing 5 or 6 carbon atoms and p is a
 number of 1 to 10. They may be obtained by the relevant methods of
 preparative organic chemistry. EP-A1 0 301 298 and WO 90/03977 are cited
 as representative of the extensive literature available on the subject.
 The alkyl and/or alkenyl oligoglycosides may be derived from aldoses or
 ketoses containing 5 or 6 carbon atoms, preferably glucose. Accordingly,
 the preferred alkyl and/or alkenyl oligoglycosides are alkyl and/or
 alkenyl oligoglucosides. The index p in general formula (III) indicates
 the degree of oligomerization (DP), i.e. the distribution of mono- and
 oligoglycosides, and is a number of 1 to 10. Whereas p in a given compound
 must always be an integer and, above all, may assume a value of 1 to 6,
 the value p for a certain alkyl oligoglycoside is an analytically
 determined calculated quantity which is generally a broken number. Alkyl
 and/or alkenyl oligoglycosides having an average degree of oligomerization
 p of 1.1 to 3.0 are preferably used. Alkyl and/or alkenyl oligoglycosides
 having a degree of oligomerization of less than 1.7 and, more
 particularly, between 1.2 and 1.4 are preferred from the applicational
 point of view.
 The alkyl or alkenyl radical R.sup.3 may be derived from primary alcohols
 containing 4 to 11 and preferably 8 to 10 carbon atoms. Typical examples
 are butanol, caproic alcohol, caprylic alcohol, capric alcohol and undecyl
 alcohol and the technical mixtures thereof obtained, for example, in the
 hydrogenation of technical fatty acid methyl esters or in the
 hydrogenation of aldehydes from Roelen's oxosynthesis. Alkyl
 oligoglucosides having a chain length of C.sub.8 to C.sub.10 (DP=1 to 3),
 which are obtained as first runnings in the separation of technical
 C.sub.8-18 coconut oil fatty alcohol by distillation and which may contain
 less than 6% by weight of C.sub.12 alcohol as an impurity, and also alkyl
 oligoglucosides based on technical C.sub.9/11 oxoalcohols (DP=1 to 3) are
 preferred. In addition, the alkyl or alkenyl radical R.sup.3 may also be
 derived from primary alcohols containing 12 to 22 and preferably 12 to 14
 carbon atoms. Typical examples are lauryl alcohol, myristyl alcohol, cetyl
 alcohol, palmitoleyl alcohol, stearyl alcohol, isostearyl alcohol, oleyl
 alcohol, elaidyl alcohol, petroselinyl alcohol, arachyl alcohol, gadoleyl
 alcohol, behenyl alcohol, erucyl alcohol, brassidyl alcohol and technical
 mixtures thereof which may be obtained as described above. Alkyl
 oligoglucosides based on hydrogenated C.sub.12/14 cocoalcohol with a DP of
 1 to 3 are preferred.
 Fatty Acid N-alkyl Polyhydroxyalkylamides
 Fatty acid N-alkyl polyhydroxyalkylamides which may also be usd as nonionic
 co-emulsifiers are nonionic surfactants which correspond to formula (IV):
 ##STR2##
 where R.sup.4 CO is an aliphatic acyl radical containing 6 to 22 carbon
 atoms, R.sup.5 is hydrogen, an alkyl or hydroxyalkyl radical containing 1
 to 4 carbon atoms and [Z] is a linear or branched polyhydroxyalkyl radical
 containing 3 to 12 carbon atoms and 3 to 10 hydroxyl groups. The fatty
 acid N-alkyl polyhydroxyalkylamides are known compounds which may normally
 be obtained by reductive amination of a reducing sugar with ammonia, an
 alkylamine or an alkanolamine and subsequent acylation with a fatty acid,
 a fatty acid alkyl ester or a fatty acid chloride. Processes for their
 production are described in U.S. Pat. No. 1,985,424, in U.S. Pat. No.
 2,016,962 and in U.S. Pat. No. 2,703,798 and in International patent
 application WO 92/06984. An overview of this subject by H. Kelkenberg can
 be found in Tens. Surf. Det. 25, 8 (1988).
 The fatty acid N-alkyl polyhydroxyalkylamides are preferably derived from
 reducing sugars containing 5 or 6 carbon atoms, more particularly from
 glucose. Accordingly, the preferred fatty acid N-alkyl
 polyhydroxyalkylamides are fatty acid N-alkyl glucamides which correspond
 to formula (V):
 ##STR3##
 Preferred fatty acid N-alkyl polyhydroxyalkylamides are glucamides
 corresponding to formula (V) in which R.sup.5 is an alkyl group and
 R.sup.4 CO represents the acyl component of caproic acid, caprylic acid,
 capric acid, lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, palmitoleic acid,
 stearic acid, isostearic acid, oleic acid, elaidic acid, petroselic acid,
 linoleic acid, linolenic acid, arachic acid, gadoleic acid, behenic acid
 or erucic acid or technical mixtures thereof. Fatty acid N-alkyl
 glucamides (V) obtained by reductive amination of glucose with methylamine
 and subsequent acylation with lauric acid or C.sub.12/14 coconut oil fatty
 acid or a corresponding derivative are particularly preferred. In
 addition, the polyhydroxyalkylamides may also be derived from maltose and
 palatinose.
 The total percentage content of the co-emulsifiers mentioned--based on the
 non-aqueous component--is normally from 5 to 75% by weight, preferably
 from 10 to 50% by weight and more preferably from 15 to 30% by weight.
 UV Filters
 UV filters are organic substances which are capable of absorbing
 ultraviolet radiation and of releasing the energy absorbed in the form of
 longer wave radiation, for example heat. An overview of UV filters can be
 found, for example, in Parf. Kosm. 74, 485 (1993). Typical examples are
 4-aminobenzoic acid and esters and derivatives thereof (for example
 2-ethylhexyl-p-dimethyl aminobenzoate or p-dimethylaminobenzoic acid octyl
 ester), methoxycinnamic acid and derivatives thereof (for example
 4-methoxycinnamic acid-2-ethylhexyl ester), benzophenones (for example
 oxybenzone, 2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone), dibenzoyl methanes,
 salicylate esters, 2-phenylbenzimidazole-5-sulfonic acid,
 (1-(4-tert.butylphenyl)-3-(4'-methoxyphenyl)-propane-1,3-dione,
 3-(4'-methyl)-benzylidene bornan-2-one, methyl benzylidene camphor and the
 like.
 The compositions according to the invention may also contain finely
 dispersed metal oxides or salts as light filters. Typical examples are
 titanium dioxide, zinc oxide, iron oxide, aluminium oxide, cerium oxide,
 zirconium oxide, silicates (talcum) and barium sulfate. The particles
 should have a mean diameter of less than 100 nm, preferably between 5 and
 50 nm and more preferably between 15 and 30 nm. They may be spherical in
 shape although particles ellipsoidal or otherwise non-spherical in shape
 may also be used.
 Besides the two above-mentioned groups of primary light filters, the
 compositions according to the invention may also contain secondary light
 filters of the antioxidant type which interrupt the photochemical reaction
 chain initiated when UV radiation penetrates into the skin. Typical
 examples of these secondary light filters are Superoxid-Dismutase,
 toco-pherols (vitamin E) and ascorbic acid (vitamin C).
 The percentage content of UV filters in the compositions according to the
 invention, based on their non-aqueous component, is normally from 10 to
 90% by weight, preferably from 25 to 75% by weight and more preferably
 from 40 to 60% by weight. The compositions to the invention as such may
 contain from 1 to 95% by weight, preferably from 5 to 80% by weight and
 more preferably from 10 to 60% by weight of water. If organic compounds
 are used as UV filters, the co-emulsifying properties of the formulations
 may be utilized for their production.
 Microemulsions
 Microemulsions are optically isotropic, thermodynamically stable systems
 which contain oil components, emulsifiers and water. The clear or rather
 transparent appearance of microemulsions is attributable to the small
 particle size of the dispersed emulsion droplets which is essentially
 below 300 nm and preferably in the range from 50 to 300 nm. In the range
 from 100 to 300 nm, the microemulsions obtained are brown-red in
 transmitted light and a shimmering blue in reflected light. Below a
 droplet diameter of 100 nm, microemulsions are clear. The microemulsions
 are preferably produced by a so-called cold process in which oils and
 emulsifiers are emulsified with water and the UV filters and optionally
 other additives are subsequently added. The required active substance
 content can be adjusted by addition of water and/or hydrotropes.
 Commercial Applications
 The compositions according to the invention are distinguished by high
 transparency and stability and by particularly advantageous skin-cosmetic
 compatibility. Typical preparations have the following composition:
 (a) 1 to 90, preferably 5 to 80% by weight of oils,
 (b) 10 to 90, preferably 25 to 75% by weight of emulsifiers and
 (c) 10 to 90, preferably 25 to 75% by weight of UV filters, with the
 proviso that the quantities shown add up to 100% by weight. Within the
 concentration ranges mentioned, particularly stable fine-droplet
 microemulsions are obtained.
 The compositions according to the invention may additionally contain small
 quantities of other anionic surfactants compatible with the other
 ingredients. Typical examples are soaps, alkyl benzenesulfonates, alkane
 sulfonates, olefin sulfonates, alkyl ether sulfonates, glycerol ether
 sulfonates, .alpha.-methyl ester sulfonates, sulfofatty acids, alkyl
 sulfates, glycerol ether sulfates, hydroxy mixed ether sulfates, fatty
 acid amide (ether) sulfates, mono- and dialkyl sulfosuccinates, mono- and
 dialkyl sulfosuccinimates, sulfotriglycerides, amide soaps, ether
 carboxylic acids and salts thereof, fatty acid isethionates, fatty acid
 sarcosinates, fatty acid taurides, N-acylamino acids such as, for example,
 acyl lactylates, acyl tartrates, acyl glutamates and acyl aspartates,
 alkyl oligoglucoside sulfates, protein fatty acid condensates
 (particularly wheat-based vegetable products) and alkyl (ether)phosphates.
 Where polyglycol ether chains are present in the anionic surfactants, they
 may have a conventional homolog distribution, although the preferably have
 a narrow homolog distribution.
 The compositions according to the invention may contain co-emulsifiers,
 superfatting agents, stabilizers, waxes, consistency promoters,
 thickeners, cationic polymers, biogenic agents, preservatives,
 hydrotropes, solubilizers, dyes and fragrances.
 Suitable co-emulsifiers are, for example, nonionic surfactants from at
 least one of the following groups:
 (b1) products of the addition of 2 to 30 moles of ethylene oxide and/or 0
 to 5 moles of propylene oxide to linear fatty alcohols containing 8 to 22
 carbon atoms, to fatty acids containing 12 to 22 carbon atoms and to
 alkylphenols containing 8 to 15 carbon atoms in the alkyl group;
 (b2) C.sub.12/18 fatty acid monoesters and diesters of products of the
 addition of 1 to 30 moles of ethylene oxide to glycerol;
 (b3) glycerol monoesters and diesters and sorbitan monoesters and diesters
 of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids containing 6 to 22 carbon atoms
 and ethylene oxide adducts thereof;
 (b4) adducts of 15 to 60 moles of ethylene oxide with castor oil and/or
 hydrogenated castor oil;
 (b5) polyol esters and, in particular, polyglycerol esters such as, for
 example, polyglycerol polyricinoleate or polyglycerol
 poly-12-hydroxystearate. Mixtures of compounds from several of these
 classes are also suitable;
 (b6) products of the addition of 2 to 15 moles of ethylene oxide to castor
 oil and/or hydrogenated castor oil;
 (b7) partial esters based on linear, branched, unsaturated or saturated
 C.sub.6/22 fatty acids, ricinoleic acid and 12-hydroxystearic acid and
 glycerol, polyglycerol, pentaerythritol, dipentaerythritol, sugar alcohols
 (for example sorbitol) and polyglucosides (for example cellulose);
 (b8) trialkyl phosphates;
 (b9) wool wax alcohols;
 (b10) polysiloxane/polyalkyl polyether copolymers and corresponding
 derivatives;
 (b11) mixed esters of pentaerythritol, fatty acids, citric acid and fatty
 alcohol according to DE-PS 11 65 574 and
 (b12) polyalkylene glycols.
 The addition products of ethylene oxide and/or propylene oxide with fatty
 alcohols, fatty acids, alkylphenols, glycerol monoesters and diesters and
 sorbitan monoesters and diesters of fatty acids or with castor oil are
 known commercially available products. They are homolog mixtures of which
 the average degree of alkoxylation corresponds to the ratio between the
 quantities of ethylene oxide and/or propylene oxide and substrate with
 which the addition reaction is carried out. C.sub.12/18 fatty acid
 monoesters and diesters of addition products of ethylene oxide with
 glycerol are known as refatting agents for cosmetic formulations from
 DE-PS 20 24 051.
 Zwitterionic surfactants may also be used as emulsifiers. Zwitterionic
 surfactants are surface-active compounds which contain at least one
 quaternary ammonium group and at least one carboxylate and one sulfonate
 group in the molecule. Particularly suitable zwitterionic surfactants are
 the so-called betaines, such as the N-alkyl-N,N-dimethyl ammonium
 glycinates, for example cocoalkyl dimethyl ammonium glycinate,
 N-acylaminopropyl-N,N-dimethyl ammonium glycinates, for example
 cocoacylaminopropyl dimethyl ammonium glycinate, and
 2-alkyl-3-carboxymethyl-3-hydroxyethyl imidazolines containing 8 to 18
 carbon atoms in the alkyl or acyl group and cocoacylaminoethyl
 hydroxyethyl carboxymethyl glycinate. The fatty acid amide derivative
 known under the CTFA name of Cocoamidopropyl Betaine is particularly
 preferred. Ampholytic surfactants are also suitable emulsifiers.
 Ampholytic surfactants are surface-active compounds which, in addition to
 a C.sub.8/18 alkyl or acyl group, contain at least one free amino group
 and at least one --COOH-- or --SO.sub.3 H-- group in the molecule and
 which are capable of forming inner salts. Examples of suitable ampholytic
 surfactants are N-alkyl glycines, N-alkyl propionic acids,
 N-alkylaminobutyric acids, N-alkyliminodipropionic acids,
 N-hydroxyethyl-N-alkylamidopropyl glycines, N-alkyl taurines, N-alkyl
 sarcosines, 2-alkylaminopropionic acids and alkylaminoacetic acids
 containing around 8 to 18 carbon atoms in the alkyl group. Particularly
 preferred ampholytic surfactants are N--coco--alkylaminopropionate,
 cocoacylaminoethyl aminopropionate and C.sub.12/18 acyl sarcosine. Besides
 the ampholytic emulsifiers, quaternary emulsifiers may also be used, those
 of the esterquat type, preferably methyl-quaternized difatty acid
 triethanolamine ester salts, being particularly preferred.
 The superfatting agents used may be such substances as, for example,
 lanolin and lecithin and polyethoxylated or acylated lanolin and lecithin
 derivatives, polyol fatty acid esters, monoglycerides and fatty acid
 alkanolamides, the latter also serving as foam stabilizers. Suitable
 consistency promoters are, above all, fatty alcohols containing 12 to 22
 and preferably 16 to 18 carbon atoms and, in addition, partial glycerides.
 These substances are preferably used in combination with alkyl
 oligoglucosides and/or fatty acid-N-methyl glucamides of the same chain
 length and/or polyglycerol poly-12-hydroxystearates. Suitable thickeners
 are, for example, polysaccharides, more particularly xanthan gum, guar
 guar, agar agar, alginates and tyloses, carboxymethyl cellulose and
 hydroxyethyl cellulose, relatively high molecular weight polyethylene
 glycol monoesters and diesters of fatty acids, polyacrylates, polyvinyl
 alcohol and polyvinyl pyrrolidone, surfactants such as, for example,
 ethoxylated fatty acid glycerides, esters of fatty acids with polyols such
 as, for example, pentaerythritol or trimethylolpropane, narrow-range fatty
 alcohol ethoxylates or alkyl oligoglucosides and electrolytes such as
 sodium chloride and ammonium chloride.
 Suitable cationic polymers are, for example, cationic cellulose
 derivatives, cationic starch, copolymers of diallyl ammonium salts and
 acrylamides, quaternized vinyl pyrrolidone/vinyl imidazole polymers such
 as, for example, Luviquat.RTM. (BASF AG, Ludwigshafen, FRG), condensation
 products of polyglycols and amines, quaternized collagen polypeptides such
 as, for example, Lauryldimonium Hydroxypropyl Hydrolyzed Collagen
 (Lamequat.RTM.L Grunau), quaternized wheat polypeptides,
 polyethyleneimine, cationic silicone polymers such as, for example,
 Amidomethicone or Dow Corning (Dow Corning Co., USA), copolymers of adipic
 acid and dimethyl aminohydroxypropyl diethylenetriamine (Cartaretine.RTM.,
 Sandoz, CH), poly-aminopolyamides as described, for example, in FR-A
 2252840 and crosslinked water-soluble polymers thereof, cationic chitin
 derivatives such as, for example, quaternized chitosan, optionally in
 microcrystalline distribution, condensation products of dihaloalkyls such
 as, for example, dibromobutane with bis-dialkylamines such as, for
 example, bis-dimethylamino-1,3-propane, cationic guar gum such as, for
 example, Jaguar.RTM. CBS, Jaguar.RTM. C-17, Jaguar.RTM. C-16 of Celanese,
 quaternized ammonium salt polymers such as, for example, Mirapol.RTM.
 A-15, Mirapol.RTM. AD-1, Mirapol.RTM. AZ-1 of Miranol.
 Typical examples of fats are glycerides while suitable waxes are inter alia
 beeswax, carnauba wax, candelilla wax, montan wax, paraffin wax or
 microwaxes, optionally in combination with hydrophilic waxes, for example
 cetostearyl alcohol. The pearlescent waxes used may be, in particular,
 mono- and difatty acid esters of polyalkylene glycols, partial glycerides
 or esters of fatty alcohols with polybasic carboxylic acids or
 hydroxycarboxylic acids. Suitable stabilizers are metal salts of fatty
 acids such as, for example, magnesium, aluminium and/or zinc stearate.
 Biogenic agents in the context of the invention are, for example,
 bisabolol, allantoin, phytantriol, panthenol, AHA acids, plant extracts
 and vitamin complexes. In addition, hydrotropes such as, for example,
 ethanol, isopropyl alcohol, propylene glycol or glucose may be used to
 improve flow behavior. Suitable preservatives are, for example,
 phenoxyethanol, formaldehyde solution, parabens, pentanediol or sorbic
 acid. Suitable dyes are any of the substances suitable and approved for
 cosmetic purposes as listed, for example, in the publication "Kosmetische
 Farbemittel" of the Farbstoffkommission der Deutschen
 Forschungsgemeinschaft, Verlag Chemie, Weinheim, 1984, pages 81 to 106,
 These dyes are normally used in concentrations of 0.001 to 0.1% by weight,
 based on the mixture as a whole.
 The total percentage content of auxiliaries and additives may be from 1 to
 50% by weight and is preferably from 5 to 40% by weight, based on the
 particular composition. Finally, the invention relates to the use of the
 o/w microemulsions according to the invention for the production of sun
 protection compositions.