Racing rail pole driver apparatus and the method of use thereof

The movement of relocatable racing rails (10) by manual labor involves the extraction of poles (16) from the ground and re-insertion of each pole a fixed distance from its adjacent pole along the path of the new location of the racing rail, thereby resulting in a time consuming and very labor intensive operation wherein inaccuracies in placement of the poles can result in misfits of the relocatable rails over the poles, whereby readjustment is often required. A transportation apparatus (28) is provided for carrying poles (16) and measuring a fixed distance between the last pole and a pole driver mechanism (32) for driving the next pole (66) into the ground. The pole driver is allowed to move relative to the transportation apparatus as the apparatus moves along the ground, but the relative movement is arranged so as to maintain a fixed distance to the last pole for a time shortly before, during and after the pole driver mechanism is actuated to drive a pole into the ground. The pole driver mechanism is attached to the transportation apparatus by a parallelogram arrangement (42, 56, 58) which allows the required relative movement. Sensor (72) mounted between the transportation apparatus and the pole drive mechanism detects the relative movement and a rate of travel of the transportation apparatus is provided so that as the pole driver mechanism becomes more vertical with respect to the transportation apparatus, the speed across the ground is reduced and, if necessary, the transportation apparatus is stopped.

This invention relates to relocatable rails used to form a boundary for 
racing an in particular to a method and means for locating and extracting 
poles upon which relocatable rails are placed. 
BACKGROUND 
Relocatable racing rails in the horse racing industry are known. 
One example of such a coil system is described in U.S. Pat. No. 4,765,596 
dated 23rd August 1988 for "RACE TRACK CONVERTIBLE GUARD RAIL", which 
relates in particular to a pole fixture and other components which are 
located in the ground. An inground pole fixture is formed from a first 
flexible outer tube portion which extends at least to the surface of the 
ground and a second inner tube portion which is retained in the outer tube 
portion and located below the surface of the ground and is typically made 
of hard plastic or steel. The inner lower tube portion is used to support 
a resilient upright pole upon which is placed a hollow post which, 
supports the racing rail. 
In this specification poles (sometimes also referred to a pins or stakes) 
are located at predetermined positions in the ground and posts which 
support the rail slide over the poles. 
Approximately 6 meter lengths of rail and integral posts are positioned 
onto three poles spaced three (3) meters apart. Rails are joined at their 
free ends to make the rail structure continuous about the race course. 
When in place the rail and posts must be sturdy enough to withstand the 
direct, but mainly glancing, blow of a horse and its mounted jockey. 
The upright in-ground poles are generally made of a resilient material 
having the strength to support both the post and rail sections as well as 
absorbing one or more blows of the type described above, 
These upright in-ground poles preferably withstand these forces without 
breaking or splintering and in most cases return the horse and its jockey 
towards the race course. 
The safety of jockey and horse is an important consideration in the design 
of a suitable racing rail system. 
The posts and rail sections are relocatable so that racing track wear can 
be distributed evenly over the available track surface. 
However, a large manual labour effort is required to relocate 1 to 2 
kilometers of post and rail assemblies. Typically, 30 to 40 labourers can 
take 4 to 5 hours to reposition a 2 kilometer post and rail assembly. 
Each 6 meter length of post and rail is lifted off the upright in-ground 
poles and each upright in-ground pole is extracted and hammered into its 
new position after which the post and rail section is lowered into its new 
location. 
Typically a 21 meter chain with marks at 3 meters spacing is temporarily 
attached to a first pole and each pole along the length of the chain is 
hammered into the ground adjacent each successive 3 meter mark. After each 
upright pole along a 6 meter length is positioned in the ground, a post 
and rail section is located over them and adjacent rail sections similarly 
located and then connected together with joiners. 
It is not unusual for the manual operation to space the inground poles too 
close or too far apart so that the posts and rail sections can not be 
properly fitted and repeated extraction and relocation of one or more 
in-ground poles is sometimes necessary. 
This invention provides an apparatus and method for accurately relocating a 
racing rail which overcomes the abovementioned problems while using less 
labour content than previous methods. 
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION 
In a broad aspect of the invention an apparatus for locating in the ground 
two or more poles for supporting a racing rail assembly comprising, 
a transportation means for carrying a plurality of poles, 
a pole driver means pivotally fixed to said transportation means and 
operable to drive a pole into the ground, and 
a first measurement means located on said transportation means operable for 
measuring a predetermined distance between a previously driven pole and 
said pole driver means, wherein 
as said transportation means moves along the intended path of said racing 
rail assembly said first measurement means measures a predetermined 
distance between previously driven pole and said pole driver means, and 
said pole driver means is actuated so as to drive a pole into the ground 
which is a predetermined distance from said previously driven pole. 
In a further aspect of the invention a second measurement located on said 
transportation means means operable for measuring a predetermined distance 
between an existing rail assembly and said apparatus for maintaining a 
constant distance at which said poles are driven into the ground from said 
existing rail assembly. 
In yet a further aspect of the invention said pole driver pivotal fixing 
comprises a pole locating apparatus according to claim 1 wherein said pole 
driver pivotal fixing comprises a parallelogram arrangement having an 
upper and lower ends which are arranged to allow said pole driver means to 
move longtitudinally of said transportation means while remaining 
substantially vertical with respect to said transportation means.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION 
FIG. 1 depicts a side view of a post and rail assembly 10 comprising a 
substantially horizontal rail member 12 which is attached to a flattened 
portion of a post 14. The post is typically of hollow construction. 
An upright in-ground pole 16 has been located in the ground 18 such that at 
least 150 mm of the pole is located above the ground level. Various 
lengths of poles are suitable for the various conditions of the soil and 
poles of 655 mm and 855 mms are typically used. 
At the base of the post 14 a threaded bolt 20 in located external of the 
post which is threadably engaged with a fixed nut 22 on the internal 
surface of the post 14. When the threaded bolt 20 is screwed inwards the 
post 14 located over the in-ground pole 16 is forced against the in-ground 
pole and fixes it thereto. 
FIG. 2 depicts a post and rail assembly 10 having at least 2 posts 
supporting a rail and a further post and rail assembly 24 adjacent 
thereto. A joining member 26 joins the rails to provide a continuous rail 
along the length of the racing rail assembly. In this embodiment the 
spacing between adjacent poles is 3 meters. 
FIG. 3 depicts a top view of an existing post and rail assembly 10 and a 
transportation means 28 which travels parallel to the existing post and 
rail assembly. The transportations means 28 carries a plurality of poles 
30, as well as a pole delivery means for delivering poles to a pole driver 
means 32 which drives poles one at a time into the ground preferably 
during the movement of the transportation means and along the path of the 
new post and rail assembly location at equal distances apart. 
The pole delivery means may comprise a person (the transportation means 
operator) or may comprise a machine. 
A first measurement means 34 is used to determine when and where the pole 
driver means 32 is to be actuated to drive poles into the ground at the 
appropriate location. 
Having described in broad detail the elements of the invention a more 
detailed description of at least one embodiment of the invention will now 
be provided. It would be understood by those skilled in the art that there 
are many variations in the way in which each of the elements described can 
be implemented and that no one way or combination of ways is necessarily 
better than the other as long as the broad functional requirements 
described are met. 
In a preferred embodiment the transportation means is a four wheeled 
vehicle having four wheels 78 sufficient strength and carry rapacity to 
accommodate at least an operator (pole delivery means), a storage space 
for carrying a plurality of poles, 30, and the pole driver means 32. 
In one embodiment the pole driver means 32 may comprise a hydraulically 
driven ram located so as to thrust a pole vertically and downwardly into 
the ground upon actuation. Each pole when taken from the pole storage area 
may be mechanically or manually inserted into the pole driver means in 
anticipation of actuation at an appropriate time and location. 
The transportation means may be operated by any convenient power source. 
However, since it is likely that the pole driver means will be 
hydraulically operated it may be advantageous to power the transportation 
means with hydraulic means as well. 
The typical means for providing hydraulic operation includes a petrol or 
natural gas driven pump set and various control levers and hydraulic lines 
to the hydraulically driven elements. All the various control levers may 
be located adjacent the operator of the transportation means. 
Further the transportation means may be steered from the drivers location, 
the steering being performed by hydraulic rams which orientate either 
front and/or rear wheels. The pole driver means and transportation means 
operator could be alternatively off centre located so as to provide the 
counter balancing required while the pole driver means is actuated. 
Referring to FIG. 3 a second distance measuring means 36 may be located on 
the transportation means to determine a predetermined fixed distance from 
an existing post and rail assembly and this second measurement means may 
be linked by connection 80 electronically/hydraulically or mechanically to 
the steering mechanism 82 which includes steering wheel 84 of the 
transportation means 28 so as to allow the transportation means to 
automatically move along a path a constant distance from an existing post 
and rail assembly without intervention or control by the transportation 
means operator. 
The second measurement means may also be linked to the steering mechanism 
82 however for safety reasons it may be possible for the driver to 
over-ride the automatic control with an over-ride means 86. 
Whether the means to locate poles in the pole driver means 32 is manual or 
automatic, it is preferable to shape the upper portion of the pole to 
allow each of them to be temporarily secured one at a time within the pole 
driver means until the driving mechanism has been actuated. This may be in 
the form of an expanded portion along the upper part of the pole which 
engages with a complementary gripping shape or mandrel located internal of 
the pole driver means the grip required only being necessary to stop the 
pole dropping out. 
As previously described the poles are preferably made of a resilient 
material and will possibly have various lengths dependent on ground 
conditions. The pole driver means is set above the ground at a 
predetermined height to ensure that the exposed portion of the in-ground 
pole when driven is: substantially the same distance after each operation 
Preferably the height of the pole exposed above ground level is 150 mm. 
One embodiment of the first measurement means may comprise a shaft 38 which 
projects rearwardly of the transportation means 28 from the vicinity of 
the pole driver means 32 and which is linked to the actuation mechanism of 
the pole driver means as well as the speed control means of the vehicle. 
A hook, roller or other form of engagement means 39 projects from the shaft 
38 and when it engages with a previously set in-ground pole 41 the shaft 
which is linked to the pole driver means actuates the driver means. The 
next pole is thus located a predetermined distance from the previously 
located pole. There is also a linkage from the rod to a potentiometer 
which according to its valve, controls the speed of the transportation 
means thus slowing or nearly halting during actuation of the pole driving 
means. 
This particular embodiment uses a mechanical measurement gauging approach. 
However, this is but one example of a measurement means capable of 
performing this function. It may also be possible to determine a 
predetermined distance from an existing in-ground pole by way of 
non-contact means e.g. opto-electronic, ultra-sonic, radar etc. However, 
it is preferable that the first measurement means accurately locate each 
successive in-ground pole position to an accuracy acceptable for the 
placement of post and rail assemblies thereon which is between 1 and 3 mm. 
It is also preferable that the first measurement means is useable while the 
transport means is moving or at least being slowed down in a controlled 
manner. This ensures that the speed with which the in-ground poles are 
located is as quick as possible. 
The transportation means may preferably be found more easily controllable 
with a constant forward velocity rather than requiring the transport means 
to continually stop and start. This however may require the pole driving 
means to be moveable with respect to the transportation means. An 
embodiment of this type is shown in FIG. 5. 
The second measurement means 36 as depicted pictorially in FIG. 3 provides 
for measurement of a predetermined distance of the new location of the 
in-ground poles from an existing post and rail assembly. The second 
measurement means may comprise a mechanical linkage (hydraulic control 
lever arm) 80 between the steering mechanism 82 of the transportation 
means 28 and rod 40 which has a predetermined length such that the pole 
driver means will insert poles in the ground a predetermined constant 
distance from an existing post and rail assembly. 
In one example the rod 40 may support a roller 43 which rolls along the 
outer surface of the rail member 12 located on the post and rail assembly 
10 and which also is sensitive to the roller not contacting the rail 
assembly such that the transportation means is controlled to maintain a 
path which is parallel to the existing post and rail assembly. 
The second measurement means is shown and described in the preferred 
embodiment is mechanical in nature. However, it is possible to use 
contactless means to determine a path parallel to the existing post and 
rail assembly, 
In a further embodiment of the invention, an apparatus for locating and 
extracting an in-ground pole, is depicted in FIG. 5, In this embodiment 
the pole driver means 32 floats with respect to the frame of the 
transportation means 28 so that the transportation means need not 
completely stop or slow down as much while a pole is being driven into the 
ground. 
The pole driver means 32 (typically an hydraulically driven ram) is fixed 
to a frame comprising a top element 42 a vertical element 44 and a bracing 
element 46 having pivot members 48 and 50 attached to the top element and 
a further pivot member 52 attached to the join of the vertical element and 
the shaft 38. The shaft 38 extends rearwardly and beside the 
transportation means which is the fixed length measurement portion of the 
first measurement means 34. 
The pivot members 48 and 50 are arranged to pivot on the upper ends of 
upright members 56 and 58 which themselves are arranged to pivot at their 
lower ends at pivot members 60 and 62 which are fixed to the frame 28 of 
the transportation means. 
From FIGS. 6 and 7 it can be seen that the pole driver means 32 can move 
forward and backward (as indicated by the directional arrow) with respect 
to the longitudinal axis of transportation means with the aid of the 
parallelogram mechanism described above while keeping the pole driver ram 
vertical. 
In use the pole driver means 32 is biased slightly forward of the position 
shown in FIG. 5 by a two-way hydraulic ram 70 which is filled with 
hydraulic oil so as to draw the frame toward the front of the 
transportation means. Once the first measurement means 34 is mechanically 
drawn rearward by the shaft 38 and along with it the pole driver means 
supported as it is by the parallelogram mechanism, an actutation of the 
pole driver is initiated when the pole driver ram is located a fixed 
predetermined distance from the last driven pole (as shown in FIG. 5). 
Thus a small minimal forward motion of the transportation means can be 
accommodated while the pole is being driven vertically into the ground 
while the distance between the last pole and the newly driven pole remains 
constant. The ability to provide a constant distance between successive 
poles can be very useful since any inconsistency will readily show up over 
the long distances (100's of meters of race track) of the racing rail 
being installed, 
Furthermore, control box 64, is used to detect movement of the pole driving 
framework by way of movement of a sensor 72 which preferably is a 
potentiometer. As the value of the signal received from the sensor 
indicates the pole driving framework is nearing a right angle with respect 
to the frame 28 the speed of the transportation means is reduced almost to 
a standstill. A graduated or infinitely variable position detection device 
such as a potentiometer is most suitable for providing a position 
detection sensor and as the framework moves to provide a right angle 
position the transportation means can be made to proportionately slow 
down. Thus the floating pole driving means can be actuated and during its 
operation to locate the pole 66 in the ground with a vertical orientation 
and without any or little forward tilt caused by movement of the 
transportation means during the insertion process. Normal speed will 
resume after insertion of the pole. The control box can automatically 
operate the forward speed of the hydraulically driven transportation means 
without operator intervention. 
Once the pole has been driven into the ground the hook, roller or other 
form of engagement means 39 at the free end of the shaft 38 which in this 
embodiment is a roller, must be cleared of the prior pole thus freeing it 
to roll to the pole just driven into the ground. 
Actuation of the ram 32 which operates very quickly could be one trigger 
for the actuation of ram 74 which is connected at one end, to the frame of 
the transportation means and at the free end of the ram rode to a point 
intermediate the framework and the roller along the shaft 38. The ram 74 
retracts its arm and raises the shaft 38 and the roller 39 over the pole 
and then lowers it after a predetermined period of time if the 
transportation means is detected as moving forward during that period of 
time. 
The apparatus disclosed in each of the embodiments described above are also 
capable of extracting poles from the ground. The pole driver means 32 is 
preferably a double action ram being operable under load to thrust 
downward and lift upwardly so that if located over the free end of a pole 
located in the ground it may engage that free end and be actuated to lift 
upwardly and extract the pole from the ground. 
The pole driver/extraction means 32 can be accurately located over the pole 
to be extracted preferably with the aid of a shaft (not shown) extending 
forwardly of the apparatus which abuts the side of one or more in-ground 
poles which is connected to the steering of the transportation means so as 
to guide the vehicle along the path of the in-ground poles. Minor manual 
adjustment of the steering mechanism may be required to achieve the 
required accuracy of path following. 
A forward portion of the pole driver/extraction means 32 at approximately 
ground level can he used to detect the location of the pole to be 
extracted and as in the last embodiment, as the floating frame moves to an 
upright position the drive speed of the transportation means is controlled 
and the actuation of the pole extraction process can be initiated by the 
control box 64 or more preferably by the human operator on the 
transportation means. Human control may obviate inadvertent automatic 
operation if the necessary safety features are not adequate. 
The poles collected are then stored on the transportation means and are 
ready for being driven into new locations. 
The in-ground pole locating apparatus of the invention is quicker and more 
accurate than the manual methods used previously. However, in further 
contrast to the previous manual methods very much less manual labour is 
required to operate the in-ground pole locating apparatus and it is 
anticipated that a reduction in labour costs and possibly time will be 
achievable with the invention.