Disposable eye drop dispenser instrument for post-surgical and general use

An instrument for delivery of liquid eye drop solution into the eye of a patient for post-surgical and general treatment includes a squeeze-type dispenser bottle and a device for positioning the bottle for dispensing solution. The bottle has a body defining a volume for eye drop solution, the body having a neck and shoulder region and a base, and a nozzle disposed above the neck and shoulder region. The nozzle defines an orifice for delivery of solution from the volume. The device positions the nozzle relative to an eye of a patient to be treated, and includes a generally oval ring contoured to fit within the orbital or periorbital area of a patient's body and at least one post extending from the oval ring generally perpendicular to a plane of the oval ring, the post attached at the neck and shoulder region of the bottle.

This invention relates to instruments for holding plastic squeeze bottles 
to assist in the dispensing of medications and cleansing solutions by the 
drop or spray method onto the human eye. 
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
A variety of devices for accomplishing this purpose have been previously 
proposed. An example includes U.S. Pat. No. 2,898,911 which discloses a 
resilient eye cup capable of being snapped onto the shoulder of an eye 
drop bottle. U.S. Pat. No. 3,058,466 is directed to a bridge-like member 
arranged to hold a bottle, positioning being accomplished by placing the 
feet of the bridge above and below the eye. Still another prior art 
proposal appears in U.S. Pat. No. 3,872,866 which teaches threading a 
positioning device to the threads of a bottle neck. U.S. Pat. No. 
4,085,750 shows resilient arms extending from a collar fitting the bottle 
neck, the idea being that the arms are engaged with the closed eyelid and 
allowed to spread to hold the lid open. French patent No. 1,025,304 
(published 14 Apr. 1953) also discloses the use of arms but with the 
additional feature of rupturing the drop container when the arms are 
squeezed to release a fluid. It is clear that any device of this kind 
employing individual arms is dangerous when in use, having the potential 
for injuring the patient's eye. 
It is the object of the present invention to provide a safe instrument 
which is easily and quickly attached, either removably or permanently, to 
a plastic eye dropper bottle to increase accuracy in dispensing ophthalmic 
solutions in post-surgical and general use and which may either be removed 
for reuse on another bottle or thrown away with the bottle when empty. 
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
According to the invention, an instrument for delivery of drops of liquid 
eye drop solution into the eye of a patient for post-surgical and general 
treatment comprises a squeeze-type dispenser bottle comprising a body 
defining a volume for eye drop solution, the body having a neck and 
shoulder region and a base, and having a nozzle disposed above the neck 
and shoulder region and defining an orifice for delivery of solution from 
the volume, and a device for positioning the nozzle relative to an eye of 
a patient to be treated, the device comprising a generally oval ring 
contoured to fit the periorbital and intraorbital area of a patient's eye, 
at least one post extending from the oval ring generally perpendicular to 
a plane of the oval ring, and means for attachment of the post at the neck 
and shoulder region of the bottle. 
In the preferred embodiments, the post comprises a main post section having 
a first end joined to the oval ring and a second end, and further 
comprises a stub post element disposed at the second end and extending 
generally perpendicular to the axis of the main post section, the bottle, 
in the neck and shoulder region, defining an orifice, the stub post being 
sized and adapted for fixed engagement within the orifice for attachment 
of the device upon the bottle, preferably the means for attachment is 
adapted for selective disposal of the oval ring in a first (use) position, 
with the ring centered about and spaced from the nozzle, and a second 
(store and carry) position with the oval ring disposed more adjacent the 
body of the bottle, more preferably the stub post is adapted for rotation 
in the orifice, and the oval ring in the second position is disposed 
adjacent the bottle base. 
In another preferred embodiment, the post comprises a main post section 
having a first end joined to the oval ring and a second end, and further 
comprises a stub post element disposed at the second end and extending 
generally perpendicular to the axis of the main section of the post, the 
stub post forming an integral component of the bottle, preferably the 
means for attachment is adapted for selective disposal of the oval ring in 
a first (use) position, with the ring centered about and spaced from the 
nozzle, and a second (store and carry) position with the oval ring 
disposed more adjacent the body of the bottle. 
In both of the above-described embodiments, the main post section may 
comprise a post element and a tube element, the post element being sized 
for frictional sliding engagement within the tube element; and the main 
post section may comprise a hinge element. 
In another preferred embodiment, the device further comprises an apron 
sized and constructed for fixed engagement about the neck and shoulder 
region of the bottle, preferably the post comprises a main post section 
having a first end joined to the oval ring and a second end, and further 
comprises a stub post element disposed at the second end and extending 
generally perpendicular to the axis of the main post section, more 
preferably the stub is an integral element of the apron, still more 
preferably the device comprises at least two posts, the stub arm of each 
post defining an orifice, and the apron further comprises two projecting 
key elements sized and constructed for engagement within the stub post 
orifices, and the apron may further comprise a sleeve sized and 
constructed for rotational engagement about the stub arm. 
According to another aspect of the invention, a device for use in 
association with a squeeze-type dispenser bottle for delivery of liquid 
eye drop solution into the eye of a patient for post-surgical and general 
treatment comprises a generally oval ring contoured to fit the periorbital 
area of a patient's body, at least one post extending from the oval ring 
generally perpendicular to a plane of the oval ring, the post having a 
first end joined to the oval ring and a second end, and means for 
attachment of the post to the eye dropper bottle, the means for attachment 
comprising a stub post at the second end of the post, the stub post 
disposed generally perpendicular to the axis of the post and joined to the 
dispenser bottle. 
Other features and benefits of this invention include the following: 
(a) Permits ease and safety in use of a squeeze bottle in the orbital area, 
by having surgically involved areas of the eye undisturbed; 
(b) Directs nozzle tip of bottle to proper height and position over the eye 
to prevent accidental contact with eye; 
(c) Prevents nozzle tip from contacting sources of contamination; 
(d) Avoids waste of solution by directing deposit of solution to correct 
spot; 
(e) When used for direct application within orbital area to the eyelids, 
retracts lower lid and could minimize blinking reflexes; 
(f) Provides stability by assisting the elderly or incapacitated in 
effective application of solution; 
(g) Psychologically assists patient and gives each individual a sense of 
security and independence; 
(h) Application of drops does not require light, all procedures can be 
accomplished by touch; 
(i) Could be used by young individuals; 
(j) To avoid possible contamination after use by re-use on other bottles, 
the positioning device may be fixedly attached to the bottle, or a part of 
the device may be fixedly attached to the bottle for disposal therewith 
when empty, or the bottle may be altered at the shoulder area to permit 
individualized devices specifically adapted for use. A bottle ma be formed 
with the device integrally formed therewith as a step of manufacture. 
Other objects, features and advantages of this invention will become 
apparent by referring to the following detailed description of presently 
preferred embodiments of the same taken in conjunction with the 
accompanying drawings.

DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS 
Reusable Version 
Plastic dispenser bottles for ophthalmic solutions are made in assorted 
sizes. Some have regular size spiral threads 18 and nozzle 20, while 
others have a long body, wider spirals yet usually the same size nozzle. 
The latter type bottle is at least 1/4 inch longer from the base of the 
neck 16 to the nozzle tip 20. 
The embodiments described below fit securely that part of the neck 14 of 
the bottle 10 which is located between the shoulder 12 and the base of the 
neck 16. 
The remaining bottle parts are referred to as nozzle aperture 22 and cap 
24. 
The embodiment of the invention shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 is a split ring 
attachment. Rim R is contoured to fit the periorbital area, with the rim 
at R.sub.c and R.sub.d concave at the bottom. Two posts E.sub.2, one 
attached to the upper part of rim at R.sub.c, and the other to the lower 
part of rim at R.sub.d, are positioned slightly toward the medial aspect 
of the rim R.sub.a. Posts E.sub.2 are concave at the inner midsurface and 
converge towards the center at the top ends. Rather than straight 
converging posts, concave posts are used to retain flexibility and to 
allow for maximum available space in which to remove and replace the 
bottle cap 24. The top ends of posts E.sub.2 support a rigid split ring S. 
FIG. 1 is a front view with post E.sub.2 on lower rim at R.sub.d. The split 
ring S engages the neck of bottle 14 above the base of neck 16 and below 
the shoulder 12 of bottle. 
FIG. 2 shows a correctly positioned dispenser bottle. To place the bottle 
into position, the operator grasps the upper part of both posts E.sub.2 
and pulls firmly in opposite directions to enlarge the area within the 
split ring S. The inverted bottle is inserted such that neck 14 is firmly 
grasped by split ring S. Posts E.sub.2 have sufficient flexibility and 
tension to permit the split ring S to grip bottle neck 14 tightly. 
The bottle 10 with nozzle tip 20 is now in the proper and safe position, 
high enough above the rim surface to avoid contact with any part of the 
eye. 
FIG. 3 is a top plan view of the split ring embodiment with parts 
relatively positioned. The bottle 10, nozzle aperture 22 and cross grooves 
G are shown. Grooves G, which act as indicia to indicate placement 
direction to the user, should face outward. The assembled unit is rotated 
180.degree. to properly position for use on the opposite side of the 
patient's face. 
FIG. 4 is a perspective view (not to scale) of the same embodiment 
correctly positioned for use. In use, cap 24 is removed. For the right 
eye, with the patient's head tilted back as far as possible or with the 
patient in a prone position, the body of bottle 10 is held with thumb and 
forefinger of right hand and with cross grooves G toward the outer side of 
face, the instrument is brought toward the eye. Using the other hand, 
pressure is gently applied with the index finger or two fingers onto the 
soft tissues above the lower bony ridge, pulling the finger(s) and tissues 
down below the edge of the hard ridge, forming a cul-de-sac 50 and 
maintaining this position. 
Rim R is positioned with three areas of contact: (1) lower part of rim 
R.sub.c placed at tip of finger nail(s), onto the soft tissues near the 
infra-orbital ridge; (2) upper part of rim R.sub.d at supra-orbital ridge; 
and (3) medial part of rim R.sub.a touching the side of the bridge of the 
nose. Keeping the upper lid open, and avoiding blinking if possible, the 
bottle 10 is squeezed with thumb and forefinger to deposit one or more 
drops onto the eye. 
The instrument is then rotated a half turn using the same procedure to 
service the other eye. The cap 24 may be replaced and the bottle stored in 
an upright position with the instrument attached. Individuals with 
blinking reflexes may find it very helpful to insert drops by use of this 
technique. 
FIGS. 5 and 6 illustrate a hook ring embodiment. This embodiment has the 
same oval rim R as the previously described instrument. Vertical post E at 
the medial surface of rim R.sub.a extends up to support the horizontal 
post F from which extends a short rigid arm and hook ring H. The latter is 
positioned horizontally and equidistant from rim R.sub.c and rim R.sub.d, 
and eccentrically toward the medial to permit the bottle 10 and nozzle tip 
20 to be correctly positioned. Cross grooves G on rim R.sub.b are also 
present on this attachment to act as indicia for orientation purposes. 
All posts (E, F or E.sub.2) are easily made to be extendable when a 
friction grip is formed if the surface of the post is a tube (female), as 
in E and F, and the inner part is a shaft (male), as in E.sub.1 and 
F.sub.1 ; or, with the use of oblique spiral threading. If properly 
shaped, rotation of the tube and shaft is precluded. 
FIG. 7 is a plan view of this hook ring embodiment. 
To attach the hook ring instrument to a dispenser bottle, the hook ring H 
and its horizontal post F are securely grasped, the bottle 10 inverted and 
its neck 14 pressed into hook ring H. With bottle firmly attached, the 
instrument is ready for use as described in connection with FIG. 4. 
FIGS. 8 and 9 illustrate a further embodiment with a small rim R which fits 
within the orbital area. The design and appearance of the posts are 
similar to that of the posts in FIGS. 1 and 2 except that here, posts 
E.sub.2 are placed on rim R at R.sub.a and R.sub.b. The split ring S is 
aligned within the center area of rim R to bring the dispenser bottle 10 
and nozzle 20 into the center of the rim and high enough over the eye are 
to avoid contact. Placement of the bottle into the instrument is as 
described for the embodiment of FIG. 2. 
FIG. 10 is a plan view detailing position of posts E.sub.2 and split ring S 
inside of rim R. 
FIGS. 11 and 12 are front and end views of still another embodiment which 
consists of a small rim R and a vertical post E which is attached at 
R.sub.a. The horizontal post F has an extension of a hook ring H which is 
located in the center of the rim. The attachment of this instrument is as 
described for the embodiment of FIG. 7. 
FIG. 13 is a plan view of the parts relatively positioned. 
FIG. 14 is a perspective view of a hook ring H instrument positioned for 
use. Cap 24 is first removed. With the patient's head tilted back as far 
as possible or the patient in a prone position, the body of bottle 10 is 
grasped with thumb and forefinger. With vertical post E toward the lateral 
surface of the eye and with the eye open, the lower portion of the rim is 
positioned for contact just below the lashes of the lower eyelid. The 
eyelid is gently depressed with the rim to form a cul-de-sac or pouch. Rim 
R is now gently resting o lower orbital ridge. The instrument is seated 
and stabilized by rotating the lower rim which permits the upper rim to 
gently touch the open upper lid. Blinking reflexes may thus be controlled. 
The bottle is squeezed to expel solution onto eye. The same technique is 
used on both eyes. 
FIGS. 15 to 17 are similar to FIGS. 11 to 13, and illustrate a two piece, 
small rim device with hook ring for inserting into a package with a bottle 
of solution to be assembled later for use, without, in many instances, 
changing size of package. To assemble the instrument, the male shank 
E.sub.s of E is positioned into the female portion of E by frictional 
grip. To prevent rotation of rim R, several designs could be used: 
(1) Multi-sided configuration to male shank E.sub.s with corresponding 
inner surface of female tube E, 
(2) An ovoid male shank E.sub.s fitted into ovoid female of tube E, or 
(3) A round male shank E.sub.s to round tube E, which requires a locking 
key and notch at the shoulders where both sections of E contact when 
assembled. 
The attachment portion of the device shown in FIG. 15A has a short upper 
post E for use with the base rim portion of FIG. 15. The attachment 
portion shown in FIG. 15B has a relatively longer upper post E.sub.L, e.g. 
suitable for use with a dispenser bottle having an unusually long nozzle 
core. When assembled the instrument resembles that of FIG. 11. In FIGS. 16 
and 17, an instrument of the invention, including, e.g., a bottle 10 and 
insert I and the attachment portion of the device seen in FIG. 15, is 
shown in disassembled state in package P. Use of this device is as 
discussed and illustrated in FIG. 14. 
There are several means by which the general use (small rim) hook ring 
attachment and the post surgical device (large rim) may be modified for 
compactness for purposes of packaging and carrying without removing the 
device from bottle neck, as will be discussed below. 
It will be seen that each form of the invention comprises an instrument 
which is easily attached to a plastic eye dropper bottle to increase 
accuracy and safety while dispensing ophthalmic solution in post-surgical 
and general use. 
For use in general care, the embodiment of this invention with a smaller 
oval rim is applied directly to the eyelids. After similar attachment 
methods are followed, this device assists in deflecting the lower lid and 
minimizes involuntary blinking. 
The devices of the invention are of simple mechanical design, compact for 
easy packaging and storage, and safe and easy to use. Additionally, they 
are inexpensive to produce from standard plastic materials such as 
polyethylene, polypropylene, metal, or a combination of both plastic and 
metal. 
Disposable and Compact Version 
According to another aspect, the invention consists of an eye dropper 
bottle and positioning device combination, in which bottles are modified, 
e.g. for use with positioning means of special construction corresponding 
to that of the modified bottles or by integral incorporation of all or a 
portion only of the positioning means of the invention into the bottle 
manufacture. This would permit a more compact device for easy packaging, 
storing, and safe use at all times. Typically the present bottle design 
may be modified at the shoulder 12 and upper part of body 10 to permit 
securing a positioning device of the invention, consisting of a rim R and 
generally one vertical (or main) post E and one horizontal (or stub) post 
F. In some instances, two main and stub posts may be provided. 
In another embodiment to be completely disposable, the bottle is modified 
to include the positioning means as an integral part of or partially 
attached near the shoulder 12 at upper part of an otherwise convention 
plastic squeeze-type bottle 10 used for dispensing drops of liquid eye 
medication or solution. 
It is most desirable to discard the bottle 10 with the positioning device 
of the invention after contents have been completely used, or after there 
is no longer any need for the remaining solution. 
It is most desirable to discard the bottle 10 with the positioning device 
of the invention after contents have been completely used, or after there 
is no longer any need for the remaining solution. 
Except where otherwise indicated, we refer to a single post instrument. The 
two post instruments can also be employed where desired, but confines 
approach to the bottle cap 24 and may be more involved in the 
manufacturing process. 
According to the invention, solution dispenser bottles are modified at 
shoulder for disposable instruments with features for compact use by: 
I. Internal attaching means: 
A rigid hollow straight plastic type tube T is formed horizontally within 
the bottle at the shoulder region with openings or orifices (round or 
rectangular) at opposite surfaces. Alternatively, a recessed, rigid (round 
or rectangular) box-like opening is formed at the shoulder on one or two 
surfaces. 
Retentive means includes any of the following: 
(1) A friction grip round surface 30 (FIG. 18) with key lock(s) K.sub.L 
secures post F into tube T and obtains correct position of post E and rim 
R for use, storage or carrying. The short round horizontal post F is 
withdrawn slightly to disengage key locks K.sub.L, vertical post E is 
rotated to desired position and post F is pushed to re-engage key locks. 
In a "use" position, post E and rim R are up; to store the assembly in its 
package, post E is down and rim R is under the bottle base 11, e.g., see 
FIG. 35. 
(2) A screw in spiral threaded tip 32 (FIG. 19) of post F is received into 
matching inner spiral 34 of tube T to place rim R into use position. A 
reverse 1/2 turn lowers rim R under the bottle to store or carry in its 
package. 
(3) A snap on round friction grip 36 (FIG. 20) of post F is received by the 
key lock(s) K.sub.L and grooves 38. The device is rotated to desired 
position for use, or to store and carry, rim R is under the bottle base. 
(4) Rectangular or square friction means 40 (FIG. 21) provide for retention 
of post F within the orifice of tube T to support the split vertical post 
E with hinge H (metal or plastic), and a threaded or friction slide sleeve 
S (also metal or plastic) to provide rigidity to post E when extended to 
vertical position for use. A hinge may also be positioned on the medial 
surface as well as at split area of post E. To insert the assembly into a 
package for carrying, the sleeves may be slid or screwed toward or away 
from rim R (arrow) and allow the device to be folded (indicated by dashed 
lines), leaving post F in place at the shoulder. 
(5) Two reciprocal posts E, E' (FIG. 22) have snap in or round friction 
retentive protrusions 42 on horizontal posts F to engage with key lock 
K.sub.L at one orifice. Key lock K.sub.L is disengaged to rotate posts E 
and rim R for use or to position rim R below bottle base to store or 
carry. 
(6) Square or rectangular friction means 44 (FIG. 23) are provided for 
retention of post F within an orifice of tube T, to support 
vertical-adjustable friction post E within a vertical tube E.sub.v to 
prevent rotation of post E and rim R. (Both post and tube are preferably 
ovoid in cross section.) Friction post E slides up for use and down for 
storage or carrying. A small knob K on median surface of post E near rim 
R, and plug P with lip, or cap C applied at the opposite end of post E, 
after assembly, function as guide stops for regular or long cone. 
(7) A telescopic vertical post E (described below) may also be employed. 
II. External Attaching Means (from the shoulder region of the bottle): 
FIG. 24 illustrates an instrument consisting of an integral 
bottle-and-device, the device consisting of a main post E supported by 
stub post F at the shoulder, with rim R at the opposite (first) end. The 
assembly is totally disposable. Referring to FIG. 24A, a partial post 
E.sub.L may be formed integrally with the bottle, with an orifice (or 
post) for attachment of the upper part E.sub.u of the post supporting rim 
R. 
Referring now to FIG. 25, by modifying the attaching means area where post 
F and post E intersect, any of the various types of internal attaching 
means (AM, described above) could be utilized. Various types of vertical 
posts E could likewise be used. 
FIG. 26 shows a short rigid horizontal extension of post F extending from 
shoulder region 12 to support a vertical ovoid hollow tube H into which 
there is placed with friction fit vertical ovoid post E, thus permitting 
extended and retracted positioning of rim R. 
III. Surface Attaching Means (non projecting): 
Dispensing bottles could be made with various retention means at shoulder 
region 12 and upper part of the bottle body 10 to include: 
(1) oblique spirals; 
(2) friction grip locking devices; 
(3) full or interrupted horizontal grooves; or 
(4) full or interrupted horizontal spirals. These would provide excellent 
retention for the primary apron A (FIGS. 27A-D) supporting the partial or 
full device. Apron A could be screwed on, locked into position, or snapped 
into place. 
The illustrations in FIGS. 27A-C, although on outer surface of apron A, 
would be applicable to the above described surface retention means. 
Since there are no projections beyond the regular bottle surface, there 
would not be any interference with the manufacturer's production process. 
The attachment and positioning device is disposable, and cannot be 
employed with regular or unmodified dispenser bottles. 
According to still another aspect of the invention, in order to eliminate 
the necessity of making changes to the bottle, there is applied a rigid or 
semi-rigid plastic full circular or an open apron A, with retention means 
for affixing the apron permanently to the bottle shoulder region 12 and 
upper portion of the bottle body 10, e.g. by use of rapid setting epoxy 
adhesive, before inserting the bottle with solution into a package. Other 
retentive means for apron A could include: 
(1) a slight, narrow circular elevation near lower inner edge; 
(2) beading at lower margin or on inner surface; or 
(3) vertical ribs, rough or pebbly surface. The apron A may incorporate one 
of the attaching means described above, or may be employed with a 
secondary apron A', the secondary apron carrying the attachment means and 
adapted for fixed engagement upon the apron A attached to the bottle. 
FIGS. 27A-D illustrate front views of several aprons A. The outer surface 
of primary apron A has positive defined means to assist in obtaining a 
secure position for secondary apron A', such as: 
(a) Assorted friction grips with locking devices L.sub.D (FIG. 27A); 
(b) screw on with well-defined oblique spirals O.sub.S (FIG. 27B); 
(c) snap on with circular groove(s) C.sub.G near lower edge (FIG. 27C); or 
(d) squared edge on upper outer shoulder with some projections P (square or 
rectangular) to enhance seating and locking with friction grip into inner 
corresponding means of apron A' (FIG. 27D). 
The outer surface of secondary apron A' has means to support the vertical 
post(s) E and rim R, either by an attached or movable horizontal post(s) F 
supporting a one piece rigid attachment, or attaching means resembling, 
e.g. FIGS. 18-23 and 28-31, or a two-piece attachment with features from, 
e.g. FIGS. 32-34; or means for having a more compact device which will 
permit rotation of post F, hinge, or vertical movement of post E and rim 
R, e.g. as in FIGS. 18-23 and 35-41. 
The embodiments of FIGS. 28 to 41, to be truly disposable, should be an 
integral part of or partially attached at the shoulder region 12 at upper 
part of conventional plastic squeeze-type bottle 10 used for dispensing 
drops of liquid eye medication or solution. 
Again, it is most desirable to discard the bottle 10 with the device after 
contents have been completely used or there is not longer any need for the 
remaining solution. 
The preferred embodiment shown in FIGS. 28-31 consists of a small oval rim 
R which is contoured to fit within the orbital area, with the rim R at 
R.sub.c and R.sub.d concave at the bottom. Two vertical posts E are 
attached to rim R at R.sub.a and R.sub.b and the opposite ends converge 
inwardly to attach to the full circular apron A over the shoulder 12 of 
the bottle 10. A device with only one vertical post attached to rim R at 
R.sub.a and to one side of apron A would be an excellent attachment. The 
apron is constructed of a thin, rigid plastic which rests on the shoulder 
12 and upper part of bottle 10. This apron A has a secure fit which could 
be enhanced by some fine beading on inner surface near bottom edge, and/or 
a knurled or rough inner surface or the apron could be provided with 
internal screw threads to engage external threads provided on the bottle 
(not shown). 
The attachment is seated by passing the cap 24 and nozzle 20 through the 
orifice of apron A and, while firmly holding the apron, pressing, and with 
a back and forth rotating motion gradually bring the apron to a positive 
and secure position. The rigid attachment supports the bottle 10 in a 
vertical position and also places the nozzle tip 20 within the central are 
of the rim R. The nozzle tip 20 is high enough above the rim R to prevent 
contact with the eyelids or eyelashes when applied to the eye for use. 
By applying rapid setting epoxy adhesive to shoulder, upper part of bottle 
and inner surface of apron A, this attachment could be permanently secured 
onto the bottle by the manufacturer, thus creating a completely disposable 
instrument. 
If the attachment is placed within the package with the bottle of 
ophthalmic solution, the patient could be encouraged to apply epoxy 
adhesive or other glue or assemble and use without adhesive. 
The remaining bottle parts are: nozzle aperture 22, nozzle spiral 18, 
neck-and-shoulder region 19, base of the neck 16, and base of bottle 21. 
In use, cap 24 is carefully removed. With the individual's head tilted back 
as far as possible, or even better, by assuming a prone position with head 
tilted back, the body of bottle 10 is grasped with thumb and forefinger. 
With the vertical posts E toward the medial and lateral surface of eye and 
with the eye open, lower portion of rim R is gently positioned for contact 
with lower eyelid just below the eyelash. The eyelid is then depressed 
with the rim to form a cul-de-sac 50. The lower margin of rim R is now 
resting near the edge of inferior orbital ridge area. Seating of the 
instrument is completed by rotating the lower rim to permit the upper rim 
to gently rest on the outer surface of open upper eyelid, thereby 
stabilizing the whole unit. 
Blinking reflexes may thus be controlled long enough to squeeze the bottle 
to expel the required amount of solution onto the eye in area of the 
cul-de-sac. The procedure is repeated for other eye. Cap 24 is replaced 
carefully to cone 20 to avoid inducing contamination to cone. It is easier 
if the right hand is used when servicing the right eye and conversely for 
the left. 
Referring now to FIGS. 32 and 33, a disposable embodiment of the invention 
is created in two parts. The apron A is made with a projecting rectangular 
key 52, slightly curved to conform to the curvature of the bottle at 
shoulder 12 and body 10, as an integral part with a minimum of 3/32 inch 
width in order to provide adequate surface area engagement. 
The apron A is made separately with the projecting rectangular key on 
opposite surfaces (shown dotted). The support posts E have built-in inward 
tension, with recesses 54 matching the rectangular keys of apron A, to 
provide supportive connection. Substituting projecting round keys on the 
outer surface of apron A with somewhat similar dimensions and support 
posts E with recess matching round keys and on key lock (not shown) will 
enable rotation of vertical posts E and rim R for use and for storage or 
carrying, and have compact features. 
Referring to FIG. 34, the lower inside surface of the apron provides at 
least four small projections 56 to enhance gripping action. 
The apron A is placed on the bottle and attached, e.g. with epoxy adhesive, 
by the manufacturer to produce a totally disposable unit. The remaining 
portions of the positioning device are placed in position by the patient, 
by extending the posts to permit the post keys to securely engage the 
projections on the apron. 
Use of the unit is as described for previous embodiments. 
FIGS. 35 and 36 show front and side views of a disposable and compact 
embodiment of the invention utilizing retentive means consisting of the 
friction grip round surface 58 of post F (e.g., as illustrated in FIG. 18) 
adapted to apron A', disposed over apron A. This device has a horizontal 
round plastic cylinder C.sub.1, with two key locks K.sub.L at the edge of 
the rim of cylinder C.sub.1 on opposite sides in a vertical position. The 
horizontal post F fits securely with tight friction into cylinder C.sub.1. 
Matching key locks K.sub.L are located on surfaces where post F joins post 
E and in line with vertical position of post E. When the key locks are in 
apposition, they permit vertical post E, which supports, at R.sub.a, a 
small rim R, to be locked into proper and secure position for use or 
storage. The short round horizontal post F is withdrawn slightly to 
disengage key locks K.sub.L ; post F is rotated to bring post E and rim R 
to the desired position and pushed in to reengage the key locks. The use 
of this small rim device is the same as described above. The "store" 
position (indicated in dashed line) brings rim R below the bottle base 11, 
and permits replacing the bottle with device intact into original package. 
This device could also be attached to apron A. 
Other retentive means discussed in FIGS. 19-20 could very easily be affixed 
to apron A' or apron A. The screw-in spiral threaded tip of post F into 
matching receptacle on apron (FIG. 19) or the snap-on round friction grip 
of post F to the apron (FIG. 20) provides easy means to position post E 
and rim R for use or under the bottle to store or carry. These compact 
devices remain on bottle when replaced into package. 
FIG. 37 shows another embodiment, referred to as vertical adjustable 
friction post, the device having two sections. Apron A' is made with 
attaching means on inner surface to assist in being secured to apron A, 
which is already permanently attached to bottle 10 at the shoulder 12. A 
short horizontal post F at the side of apron A' supports a vertical tube 
V.sub.T. The inner surface of tube V.sub.T is ovoid, or rectangular, or of 
any means to prevent rotation of the vertical post E having a similar 
configuration, with a tight friction grip of tube V.sub.T to post E. Post 
E supports rim R at R.sub.a. A small knob K located on inner surface of 
post E where it joins rim R serves as a stop when retracting post E. 
To assemble, post E is pushed down and through tube V.sub.T, starting at 
the top orifice. A tight fitting cap C is placed over the lower end of 
post E. The length of cap C is determined by nozzle 20 length and also 
acts as a stop when extending post E. 
To use the device, post E is pushed up at cap C until the edge of cap C 
touches the lower edge 60 of tube V.sub.T. Rim R is now at a proper and 
safe distance from nozzle 20 which is centered within the area of rim R. 
Cap 24 is removed from nozzle 20 and the process is continued as 
previously described for use of intraorbital (small rim) device. Cap 24 is 
replaced securely after use. 
When not in use, the bottle is left in upright position with the device 
attached. 
To store in a package, the device is held at tube V.sub.T and post E 
retracted with rim R by pushing down at R.sub.a over post E (to avoid 
breaking rim R) until knob K touches upper edge of tube V.sub.T (dashed 
line position). The rim R is now level with and surrounding bottle cap 24, 
and is ready to be replaced in the package without removing the device 
from the bottle. 
FIGS. 38 through 40 show a telescopic, retractable-extendable embodiment of 
the instrument, which has a vertical post E consisting of two sections. 
The upper section E.sub.x is a round tube which is attached to and 
supports the small oval ring R at R.sub.a, forming a circular opening 0 at 
this point. The lower inner part of the tube has a squared shoulder 62 for 
about a height of one quarter inch from the end. The lower section E.sub.y 
of post E is approximately the same length as upper section, but has a 
square shape to securely grip the inner squared part of the upper tube. 
The upper tip of the lower post has a round flat rim 64 to securely fit 
the inner round surface of the tube, providing stability during movement 
and a stop on the extension. Near the lower end of the squared post there 
is a horizontal round hole 70 in line with the position of rim R. 
The lower horizontal post F extending from the side of apron A' has a 
vertical squared hole 66 near the end and a horizontal round hole 68 
extending through the mid area from tip to beyond the squared hole. 
To assemble the device, the squared post E.sub.y is pushed through round 
hole O at R.sub.a, through squared inner part of the tube having a tight 
friction grip, to emerge through the tube. While holding a finger over 
hole O and flat rim 64 at R.sub.a, the bottom end of the squared post is 
securely placed into the squared hole 66 without protruding beyond the 
lower surface of post F. A round plastic or metal nail P with flat head is 
pushed thru aligned horizontal holes 68 and 70 to penetrate into post F 
securing post E.sub.y. 
Post Ex is extended to use the device and retracted (dashed line position) 
to bring the rim R over cap 24 for storage. 
The method of use is the same as described for previous small rim devices. 
FIG. 41 shows another embodiment utilizing the open apron O.sub.A, which is 
a circular apron with a vertical split, made of thin rigid plastic with 
sufficient flexibility to securely fit onto the shoulder 12 and upper part 
of body 10 of bottle. The retention means is a horizontal post F having 
oblique spirals 72 for the screw in spiral tip which is secured when 
rotated into the corresponding inner spiral of the small tube 74 on the 
side of open apron O.sub.A. The lower end of the rigid post E is attached 
to post F and extends in a vertical position to attach to the small rigid 
ovoid rim R at R.sub.a, supporting the rim R in a horizontal position. 
Nozzle 20 and cap 24 are centered in the mid area of rim R which is high 
enough above nozzle 20 to prevent any contact with eye lids or eye lashes 
when in use. 
Should there be any concern about adequate and secure retention of any 
apron, a cradle 76 of rigid plastic can be used. This cradle will not be 
required if details are precisely executed and bottles are standard in 
size. To attach a cradle 76 to any apron, a rectangle or small round 
projection R.sub.P from apron O.sub.A under post F or on the opposite 
surface of post F permits the cradle arm 78 to be snapped into position 
after the cradle base 80 is placed under the bottle base. If desired, 
additional tension of cradle base 80 to bottle can be achieved by either a 
two piece friction cradle arm or a rotating vertical cradle arm. Two 
cradle arms can be also used, one on each opposite surface. 
This embodiment can easily be changed from the use position to the store or 
carry position by rotating post F one half turn, bringing rim R under the 
bottom of the bottle. The cradle arm 78 or cradle base 80 will not 
interfere with any movement of post E or positioning of rim R. 
Use of this device is the same as previously discussed. 
Other embodiments are within the following claims. For example, the 
embodiments of FIGS. 5 to 7 and FIGS. 11 to 14 can be modified to 
utilizing the ideas and suggestions brought forth earlier for retentive 
means having internal attaching means (FIGS. 18-23), and incorporating the 
various designs and illustrations discussed for making compact devices 
(FIGS. 28-41). In this way, many different models of compact devices can 
be made utilizing the single post hook ring (see, e.g., FIG. 42) with 
small rim for general use (or even the double post) and the larger rim for 
postsurgical use. All parts may be formed of rigid plastic, although metal 
or a combination of each could be used. 
Any large rim R attachment which is used for postsurgical and general use 
could be converted to a disposable and compact type by utilizing the 
described invention. 
All of the described embodiments could be attached to an apron and 
assembled by the manufacturer or by user. 
Using rapid setting epoxy adhesives or the like, any apron-type eye drop 
dispenser attachment could be permanently attached to a bottle, thereby 
making it totally disposable. 
Bottles can be molded with the post(s) emerging from the shoulder, 
providing several possibilities such as: 
(1) one or two posts used to support the rim; 
(2) a one-piece unit could be made; 
(3) a two-piece attachment, having either one or two posts, utilizing 
sliding frictional grip male post(s), hinges or rotating post(s) and 
aprons to be assembled by the patient. 
It will be seen that each form of the invention comprises an instrument 
produced as a complete or partial unit together with the plastic squeeze 
type eyedropper bottle as an integral part thereof, or may exist as a 
separate partial or complete unit to be easily attached to the bottle and 
thus become readily disposable when the solution has been fully used or is 
no longer required. 
Other features and benefits of the disposable version of this invention are 
as follows: 
(a) avoids necessity in many instances for the patient to secure the 
attachment to the bottle, but if necessary, attaching the instrument could 
be easily accomplished by user; 
(b) will not interfere with holding bottle during administration of drops; 
(c) permits ease and safety for direct application to eyelids, retracts 
lower eyelid to form a cul-de-sac, and minimizes blinking reflexes; 
(d) directs bottle nozzle tip to proper height and position over the eye to 
prevent accidental contact with eye; 
(e) prevents nozzle tip from contacting sources of contamination; 
(f) prevents prolonged use and decreases the opportunity for other persons 
to use same dispenser attachment, thereby preventing possible spread of 
infection; 
(g) avoids waste of solution by directing deposit of solution to correct 
spot; 
(h) permits ease and safety in use of a bottle in the orbital area by 
leaving surgically involved areas of the eye undisturbed; 
(i) provides stability by assisting the elderly or incapacitated in 
effective application of solutions; 
(j) permits young individuals to self-administer drops; 
(k) restores self-confidence and independence to patients by the ability to 
administer their own drops. 
(l) should prevent patients from using wrong bottle of solution, thereby 
avoiding accidents. 
These devices of the invention are of simple mechanical design, compact for 
easy packaging and storage, safe and easy to use. Additionally, they are 
inexpensive to produce from standard plastic materials such as 
polyethylene and polypropylene and in the future could be made from 
biodegradable materials. Other equivalent means of attachment to the 
bottle will occur to the worker skilled in the art. For example, the 
part(s) could snap into a socket or sockets on the bottle; the post could 
extend upwardly from a holder fitting around and/or under the bottle and 
separately affixed to it; such as a cradle device etc. 
Many changes in details of the above-described embodiments are easily 
introduced without altering the benefits of this invention which will 
provide individuals with an easy, safe and sanitary means to maintaining 
general and post-surgical eye care. It is therefore intended that the 
scope of the invention be limited only by the proper interpretation of the 
appended claims.