Rotor of a coarse-reduction impact crusher

A rotor for a coarse reduction impact crusher with exchangeable blow bars including a rotor disk to be driven in rotation with a plurality of radially facing recesses in the periphery and the bars locked in the recesses between a supporting element welded in the recess on the trailing side thereof and a shoe being U-shaped and locked over a projection on the rotor disk with a pair of clamping keys securing the shoe with one of the keys being U-shaped, and the keys being removable axially, and the blow bar having forwardly and rearwardly extending teeth with inclined outwardly facing surfaces to lock beneath corresponding surfaces on the supporting element.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
The invention relates to improvements in rotors in coarse reduction impact 
crushers with replaceable blow or impact bars arranged on the 
circumference. More particularly, the invention relates to an improved 
support arrangement for carrying the blow bars in the rotor disk recesses 
whereby the bar is firmly and reliably held in place, but is readily and 
easily removed. 
An example of a rotor for a coarse reduction impact crusher is illustrated 
in the German laid open specification No. 2,147,920. In a construction of 
this type, a rotor disk is employed which has a rotor shoe covering the 
surface projecting against the direction of rotation toward the recess of 
the rotor disk, with the surface facing outwardly and the surface facing 
the rotor shaft as well as the lateral surface of the projection. The 
rotor shoe is held in place by means of a screw extending parallel to the 
rotor shaft, which screw is guided through a bore of the surface covering 
the projection laterally. These screws are subjected to the comminution 
process to high impact stresses so that deformation and loosening occurs. 
Since the rotor shoe abuts on one side of the rotor disk when the screw is 
removed or dropped out, a loosening of the rotor shoe from the rotor disk 
occurs so that the blow bar is no longer fixed. Further problems can occur 
or can be expected from this type of fastening of the rotor shoe which 
occur with corrosion whereby the removability of the beater bars is 
impaired. A known connection of this type between the rotor shoe and rotor 
disk is operably unreliable, and the exchange and replacement of blow bars 
is involved with difficulties in many cases. 
It is accordingly an object of the present invention to provide a rotor for 
coarse reduction crusher and to provide an improved mounting and 
connection between the blow bar and rotor disks so that a reliable 
fastening of the blow bar and the rotor disks is provided and at the same 
time a simple and more rapid installation and disassembly of the bars can 
be accomplished and is insured. 
In accordance with the principles of the present invention, the problem is 
solved in a manner where the blow bar embraces a projection on the side of 
the projection facing radially inwardly so that the blow bar has a portion 
overlapping the rotor disk on both sides and fixed in place by means of 
clamping elements on the disk. 
The clamping elements employed provide uncomplicated and sturdy fastening 
parts and are constructed so that the disassembly and assembly 
manipulation upon exchange of the blow bars is very simple. A locking 
rotor shoe is provided holding the beater bar in place, which overlaps the 
rotor disk on both sides so that the forces encountered in the comminution 
process are transferred to the rotor directly on the rotor disk and affect 
only slightly the tension and clamping elements which do not carry the 
load of the comminution process. With the connection provided which locks 
on all sides of the disk, an improved force lock arrangement is achieved 
between the beater bar and disk, and a particularly reliable and easily 
manipulable fastening of the blow bars is accomplished. 
Other objects and advantages and features as well as equivalent structures 
which are intended to be covered herein, will become apparent with the 
teaching of the principles of the invention in connection with the 
disclosure of the preferred embodiment in the specification, claims and 
drawings, in which:

DESCRIPTION 
FIG. 1 illustrates in some detail a coarse reduction impact crusher 1 
having a housing 2 which is partially broken away. Material is loaded into 
the impact crusher at the location of the arrowed line 3 and the completed 
comminuted material is discharged from the machine at the arrowed line 4. 
Within the housing is a rotor 5 which carries on its circumference four 
blow bars which also may be called impact bars 6. The rotor 5 is 
constructed as a disk, as will be recognized by those versed in the art, 
and includes a shaft 7 on which at least two disks 8 are disposed. The 
disk has recesses 9 on its periphery on which the impact bars are uniquely 
secured. The disks 8 mounted on the shaft 7 are interconnected with each 
other by supporting elements which extend parallel to each other between 
disks, and are uniquely shaped to coact with other elements for supporting 
the blow bars in the recess. The shaft 7 and its rotor disks, shown as an 
entity at 5, is supported at each end on bearings, (not shown), and is 
provided with a driving motor which is also omitted for purposes of 
clarity. 
The material fed to the impact crusher at the arrowed line 3 passes into 
the housing and is engaged by the impact bars 6 rotating in the direction 
of the arrowed line 11, and the material is comminuted between the blow 
bars 6 and impact or wear plates which are not shown in the drawing. The 
comminuted material flows outwardly through an opening in the housing at 
the arrowed line 4. 
As illustrated in FIG. 2, which is an enlarged cut-away section of FIG. 1, 
the disk 8 has a recess 9 in which is located the supporting element 10 
with the blow bar 6 carried in the recess 9. The supporting element is 
welded to the disk at locations 12 and 13. In the blow bar 6 and in the 
supporting element 10 on the surfaces facing each, are radially extending 
grooves 14 and 15. In these grooves are located adjusting springs 16 which 
when provided, are distributed over the length of the blow bar and 
supporting elements 10. The adjusting springs 16 serve for the axial 
location of the blow bar relative to the supporting element which is 
fixedly located on the disk. 
The blow bar 6 in the recess 9 is held between the supporting element 10 
and a rotor shoe 17 which is removably locked in place at the other side 
of the recess. The rotor shoe is generally U-shaped in profile as viewed 
axially in FIG. 2, and has a main vertical portion and two laterally 
extending legs. On the rotor disk 8 and integral therewith is a 
circumferentially extending projection 18 which projects into the recess 
and the rotor shoe is held in its locked position over this projection 18. 
The outer leg of the rotor shoe 17 seats on the outer surface of the 
projection which surface is shown at 20. The body of the U-shaped shoe 
abuts against the circumferentially facing surface 19 of the projection. 
The inner leg of the rotor shoe 17 seats on the inner surface of the 
projection, shown at 21. 
As illustrated in FIG 3, the one leg 17a of the shoe has downwardly 
extending flanges 17b and 17c at each side to hold the shoe axially 
against the sides of the projection 18 of the rotor. Similarly, the lower 
leg 17d of the shoe has flanges 17e and 17f which project down along each 
side of the rotor disk 8, bearing in mind that the shoe is shown in its 
lowermost locked position in FIG. 3, and that it will be permitted to be 
raised to be unlocked and pulled axially out of the recess 9. 
As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the space between the surface at 22 (which is 
the upwardly facing surface of the lower leg 17b), and the lower surface 
23 of the projection 18 is filled by first and second sheet metal locking 
keys 24 and 25. The sheet metal locking key 25 has lateral ears 25a and 
25b which are bent upwardly against the sides of the projection 18 and 
this holds the second key 25 in its axial position, and the ears also lock 
the first key 24 in its axial position. 
The first key 24 is a simple square member which is inserted between the 
lower surface 23 of the projection 18 and the second key 25. Said first 
key 24 is axially fixed by means of the two bent lateral ears 25a and 25b. 
A cavity 24b, which is a portion of the recess 9, is circumferentially 
located between the lower portion of the shoe 17 and the rotor disc 8. 
With the arrangement shown, impact stress is occasioned by means of the 
comminuting process on the blow bars, which occurs in the direction of the 
arrow 26 of FIG. 2, that produce a force couple in a circumferential 
direction. This force couple on the blow bar is absorbed by the contact 
surface 27 between the blow bar and the supporting element 10. The force 
coupled in the other direction is taken up by means of the contact surface 
28 between the rotor shoe 17 and a forwardly extending tooth 30 on the 
blow bar 6. 
The other force acting on the blow bar is centrifugal force which tends to 
throw it outwardly and this force is taken up on the inclined surface 29 
of a rearwardly extending tooth 31 on the blow bar 6, and the surface 29' 
of the tooth is in surface-to-surface engagement with another surface 29 
on the supporting element 10. 
The blow bar 6 is provided with the teeth 30 on the leading face and 31 on 
the trailing face, which teeth extend continuously for the longitudinal 
extent of the bar. These teeth are generally trapezoidal shaped in cross 
section, and are arranged radially offset so as to permit reverse mounting 
and adjustment in radial position of the blow bar. The teeth are of the 
same size and symmetry and their upwardly facing surfaces shown at 29 and 
29" correspond in angle so as to be able to engage in surface-to-surface 
contact on the surfaces 29', 32' and 33' as shown in FIG. 2. 
The supporting element 10 is provided with axially extending grooves 32 and 
33 which are also trapezoidal shaped in cross section to correspond with 
the shape of the teeth 30 and 31. The sizes of the grooves 32 and 33 are 
such that the blow bar may be installed in the manner illustrated, or may 
be reversed so that the projection 30 may be brought into the recesses 32 
or 33. When this reverse position is used, a vertical groove 14' on the 
leading face of the blow bar 6 is provided to correspond with the radial 
groove 15 of the supporting element 10 so that the springs 16 will be 
between the grooves 15 and 14'. 
During operation, wear occurs on the blow bars which results in a removal 
of material at the outer edges. For better utilization of the material, 
the bar can be gradually moved outwardly by the tooth into one of the 
grooves 32 or 33, or by reversing the beater bar so that the forwardly 
extending tooth 30 extends rearwardly into one of the grooves 32 and 33. 
In the outermost position with the tooth 30 in the groove 33, the upper 
surface 29 of the tooth 31 will engage beneath an inclined surface 17' of 
the shoe, thus adding additional stabilizing strength to the blow bar in 
its most outward position where its cantilever support arm is at a minimum 
length. 
FIG. 3 illustrates the relationship of the parts in the locked position. 
For removal of the blow bar and replacement or readjustment, first the 
ears such as 25a are bent laterally, and then the two parts 24 and 25 can 
be driven axially out in the direction of the arrowed line 35. Thereafter 
the shoe 17 can be moved radially outwardly in the direction of the arrow 
34, and it can be slid axially off of the projection 18. 
After removal of the shoe 17, the spring connection between the supporting 
element and the blow bar 6 will be loosened by shifting the bar in a 
circumferential direction as indicated by the arrowed line 11 in FIG. 2. 
The blow bar then can be removed from the rotor 5 either axially or in a 
circumferential direction as indicated by the arrowed line 36. For 
remounting of the blow bar, the bar is placed in the recesses 9 against 
the direction of the arrow 36 and brought into engagement with the 
adjusting spring 16 of the supporting element. The relatively light shoes 
17 are pushed axially onto the projections 18 and then pushed radially 
inwardly by the amount A, FIG. 3, and the two keys 24 and 25 are driven 
axially into place locking the shoe. One or both ears 25a and 25b are bent 
upwardly so that both extend into the relative position shown in FIG. 3 to 
complete the locking operation. 
Thus, it will be seen that I have provided an improved rotor and blow bar 
connection which meets the objectives and advantages above set forth and 
which results in a better longer operating mechanism wherein the locking 
parts do not sustain forces during operation and are not subjected to 
corrosion or wear which makes them inoperative for removal.