Winder of synthetic yarn, cheese-like yarn package of synthetic yarn, and method for winding the same

A bobbin-type winder for winding a synthetic yarn at a constant speed is disclosed. The winder includes a bobbin shaft having a bobbin mounted thereon and a bobbin shaft driving apparatus, operably connected to a first inverter, for rotating the bobbin shaft. The winder further includes a traverse device for traversing the yarn supplied to the bobbin, and a contacting roll arranged such that it is movable into contact with the circumferential face of a yarn package wound on the bobbin. The contacting roll is driven via a second inverter and a rotational speed detector is provided for detecting the rotational speed of the contacting roll. A controller is electrically connected with the bobbin shaft driving apparatus and the rotational speed detector for controlling the rotational speed of the bobbin shaft in accordance with the detector rotational speed of the contacting roll. The second inverter is isolated from the controller so that a torque applied from the outer surface of the yarn package to the contacting roll is minimized.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
1. Field of the Invention 
The present invention relates to a winder of a synthetic yarn, a winding 
method, and cheese-like yarn package formed by the winder. More 
particularly, the present invention relates to a winder and a winding 
method capable of winding synthetic yarn at a high speed in a spinning 
process of synthetic yarn, and to a cheese yarn package having an 
excellent winding shape and a good yarn quality. 
2. Description of the Related Art 
A number of reports regarding high-speed production of synthetic yarns have 
been published during the past 10 and several years. Of special interest 
are the technique for manufacturing directly a yarn having practical 
physical properties by winding continuously a melt spun yarn into a yarn 
package and the technique of winding the yarn at a speed of at least 4,000 
m/min, and sometimes from 8,000 m/min to 9,000 m/min. Such high-speed 
manufacture of synthetic yarn takes two systems: the so-called "spin 
take-up" process, in which the melt spun yarn is directly wound as a fully 
oriented yarn onto the yarn package without a drawing process, and the 
so-called "spin draw take-up" process, in which the melt spun yarn is 
wound onto the yarn package after a drawing process. 
As described in U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,195,051, 4,156,071, 4,415,726, 4,426,516, 
and Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication (Kokai) No. 58-208416, the spin 
take-up process enables manufacture of a yarn dyeable under normal 
pressure, which is impossible with a conventional polyester yarn, by 
spinning the yarn at a speed of 7,000 m/min or more and winding it onto 
the yarn package. 
The spin draw take-up process enables obtaining synthetic yarn with 
mechanical properties similar to those of conventional synthetic yarn by 
means of a high-speed winding process and is disclosed in U.S. Pat. Nos. 
4,390,685 and 4,456,575. 
In high-speed manufacture of synthetic yarn the high-speed causes several 
problems in the winding operation, e.g., inferior shape of the yarn 
package and irregularity of yarn quality along the lengthwise direction of 
the yarn as disclosed in "Journal of The Society of Fiber Science and 
Technology", Japan, vol. 38, No. 11. Solutions of the above problems are 
now under study. 
When winding yarn onto a yarn package having a cheese-form, the yarn is 
traversed by a traverse device and wound through a contacting roll on a 
bobbin mounted on a bobbin shaft. Since the traversed yarn is reversed at 
a decreased speed at both ends of the yarn package, as is well known, a 
yarn dwell, i.e., yarn accumulation, is generated on the ends of the yarn 
package, so that the package protrudes outward at edges of end portions of 
the yarn package (hereinafter, referred to as "high-edge"). The diameter 
of the yarn package at the high-edge portions becomes slightly larger than 
at the middle portion. Also, the winding hardness at the high-edge 
portions becomes higher than at the middle portion. Therefore, during the 
winding operation, the yarn package is wound with only the high-edge 
portions pressed on the rotating contacting roll. 
As driving systems for winding the yarn package, several systems may be 
mentioned, i.e., (1) a surface driving system, in which the contacting 
roll is driven, (2) a bobbin shaft driving system, in which the bobbin 
shaft is driven, and (3) a driving system, in which the contacting roll 
and the bobbin shaft are driven under cooperative control. In the 
above-mentioned systems (1) and (2), contact pressure is applied between 
the contacting roll and the yarn package, and a following member in the 
contacting roll or the yarn package is driven frictionally by the driving 
member. The contact pressure is determined as the force necessary to 
transmit a rotary motion to the following member without slippage and to 
maintain the yarn path of the yarn to be wound onto the yarn package. It 
is necessary to have a large contact pressure, especially for high-speed 
winding. This large contact pressure crushes the high-edge portions of the 
yarn package, resulting in bulges on the two end faces, so that the shape 
of the yarn package becomes inferior. Further the large contact pressure 
results in irregularities in the yarn quality, and irregularities in the 
corresponding period of the yarn between the two faces of the yarn package 
caused by the difference of internal stresses of the yarn prevailing in 
the yarn package. Further, in high-speed winding, slippage between the 
contacting roll and the yarn package and variation of the winding speed 
occur easily, further exacerbating the irregularities. When a 
dyeing-finishing process is applied to woven or knitted fabric fabricated 
from yarns of the yarn packages having the above-mentioned irregularities, 
the result is a flaw so-called "hikes," i.e. irregularities of brilliance 
caused by the weft or warp yarn running in the direction of the yarn on 
the woven or knitted fabric. Fabric having many "hikes" substantially lose 
value as merchandise. It is therefore important to eliminate "hikes" from 
the fabric. 
There are several proposals in the related art to overcome the 
above-mentioned problems in the yarn package. For example, Japanese 
Examined Patent Publication (Kokoku) No. 49-6495 discloses a traverse cam 
having a specific track which is capable of decreasing the height of the 
high-edge portions. Japanese Examined Patent Publication (Kokoku) No. 
50-22130 and Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication (Kokai) No. 60-167855 
disclose a specific multi-track cam capable of traversing the yarn to 
disperse the high-edge portions. Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication 
(Kokai) No. 56-127558 discloses a scroll cam type traverse mechanism 
having a specific track capable of increasing the contacting area between 
the contacting roll and the yarn package. Japanese Unexamined Patent 
Publication (Kokai) No. 50-83544 discloses a method of gradually 
decreasing the contact pressure between the contacting roll and the yarn 
package. 
However, when yarn is wound at a speed of 5,000 m/min or more by a 
conventional winder in which the above-mentioned traverse mechanism is 
adopted, and the yarn package is frictionally driven by a driven bobbin 
shaft, the yarn package sometimes collapses during the winding operation 
and so normal winding is difficult. Therefore the quality of the yarn 
package cannot be improved and it is sometimes impossible to form the yarn 
package. 
U.S. Pat. No. 4,069,985 and 3,288,383 disclose a system in which the speed 
of a bobbin shaft driving means is controlled to achieve a constant 
winding speed by detecting the change of the power consumption of a 
contacting roll driving means. However, the power consumption changes by 
the heat generation of the contacting roll driving means, the change of 
the sliding resistance of bearings of the contacting roll driving means, 
and the like, so the above power consumption detection method is not able 
to keep the winding speed exactly the same, especially in the case of 
high-speed winding of 5,000 m/min or more. 
Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication (Kokai) No. 60-209013 discloses a 
method for winding yarn in a noncontacting state between the yarn package 
and another member into a pirn-like yarn package by using a spindle driven 
winder. This related art suggests that improvement of the irregularities 
of yarn quality i.e., irregularities of "hike" and uneven dyeing, cannot 
be obtained by a winder having a contacting roll in which the yarn is 
traversed at a high speed. 
Accordingly, a cheese package of synthetic yarn wound at a speed of 5,000 
m/min or more having excellent shape stability and suffering from little 
"hike" defects when the yarn of the cheese package is directly used to 
manufacture a weaving fabric or a knitting fabric has not been found up to 
now. 
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
It is a primary object of the present invention to provide a winding 
machine, capable of manufacturing by high-speed spinning of 5,000 m/min or 
more, a synthetic yarn giving a fabric in which "hikes" and uneven dyeing 
do not occur; a method for winding the above-mentioned synthetic yarn; and 
a cheese yarn package obtained by the above-mentioned winder or method. 
A second object of the present invention is to provide a winder capable of 
manufacturing a cheese yarn package having less bulging on the end faces 
of the yarn package and smaller high-edge portions, and a method for 
winding yarn by using the above-mentioned winder. 
A third object of the present invention is to provide a winder capable of 
achieving the above-mentioned first and second objects on the basis of 
corresponding applications in which the yarn is used, and a method for 
winding the yarn by using the above-mentioned winder. 
Another object of the present invention is to provide a useful winding 
technique for enabling commercial production of a polyester filament yarn 
using the spin take-up process. 
The objects of the present invention can be generally attained by a winder 
in which a driving means for driving a bobbin shaft having a bobbin 
mounted thereon and a driving means for driving a contacting roll rotating 
while contacting on a surface of a yarn package are independent of each 
other, and which is provided with means for detecting rotational speed of 
the contacting roll in a non-contact condition.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS 
The present invention will now be described in detail referring to drawings 
illustrating embodiments of a winder and a cheese package in accordance 
with the invention. 
FIG. 1 illustrates an embodiment of a high-speed spinning apparatus 
utilizing a bobbin shaft driving type winder having a positively driven 
contacting roll and a multi-track cam, and with controlled rotational 
speed of the bobbin shaft. 
The construction of the spinning portion of the high-speed spinning 
apparatus illustrated in FIG. 1 is similar to that of the spinning 
apparatus disclosed in Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication (Kokai) No. 
58-208416. As shown in FIG. 1, a polymer is extruded from spinnerets 1 
mounted on a uniformly heated spinning head 2 as a filament. This is 
slowly cooled and becomes thinner in a heating pipe tube 3, then is 
solidified by cooling air 7 blown from a duct 6. A plurality of filaments 
constituting a yarn 5 are gathered together given a finishing agent by an 
oiling nozzle 4. The yarn 5 is wound through a guide 8 arranged below the 
oiling nozzle 4 by the winder to make a yarn package 9. 
In the winder illustrated in FIG. 1, a bobbin shaft 11 mounting a bobbin 10 
is connected with a bobbin shaft driving means 26 connected with a second 
independent inverter 14, a contacting roll 24 supported in a bearing is 
mounted on a contacting roll housing (not shown), and a pulley 23 arranged 
on one end of the contacting roll 24 is driven through a belt 22 by a 
contacting roll driving means 20 such that the contacting roll 24 can be 
rotated by the driving force from the contacting roll driving means 20. A 
first independent inverter 25 is connected to the contacting roll driving 
means 20. A row of holes 13 used for detecting rotation of the contacting 
roll 24, is arranged on another end of the contacting roll 24. A 
non-contact type rotational speed detecting device 12 is arranged adjacent 
to the end arranged with the row of holes 13 of the contacting roll 24 and 
is connected to a controller 15 including a circuit performing 
calculations for controlling the rotational speed of the bobbin shaft and 
connected to the second independent inverter 14. Therefore, the controller 
15 can control the rotational speed of the bobbin shaft, but cannot 
control the rotational speed of the contacting roll 24, because the first 
independent inverter 25 is not operably connected to the controller 15. 
A traverse device 27 (see FIG. 2a) including a traverse cam 19, i.e., a 
cylindrical cam supported by a pair of bearings at the two ends thereof, 
and a yarn guide 18 one end of which is inserted into a groove of the 
traverse cam 19 and whose movement in a vertical direction is defined by a 
pair of rails 17, is arranged on an upward and front side position from 
the traverse cam 19. The traverse cam 19 is connected to a traverse cam 
driving device 16 connected with a traverse cam driving inverter (not 
shown). 
As shown in FIG. 2a, and 2b illustrate a mechanism for performing sliding 
movement of the traverse device 27, and a contacting roll housing 28 
accommodating the contacting roll driving means 20 against the bobbin 
shaft 10. The traverse device 27 and the contacting roll housing 28 
cooperate with a raising and descending base 31 accommodated within a 
frame 29 of the winder. Namely, the raising and descending base 31, 
supported by a bearing with the traverse device 27 and the contacting roll 
housing 28 is held slidably by a sliding shaft 30 accommodated in the 
frame 29 and is moved upward or downward by means of an air cylinder 32. 
As shown in FIG. 3, illustrating in detail the construction of the 
contacting roll 24, shafts 61a and 61b protruding from the two ends of the 
contacting roll 24 are held through bearings 33a and 33b in bearing 
housings 34a and 34b, respectively. The bearing housings 34a and 34b are 
fixed on the contacting roll housing 28. Bearing covers 35a and 35b are 
useful for maintaining the bearings 33a and 33b in the bearing housings 
34a and 34b. The pulley 23 is arranged on the shaft 61a by a collar 36 and 
a washer 37 and fixed by a screw 38. A belt 22 is arranged between the 
pulley 23 and a pulley 21 fixed on a motor 20. The row of holes 13 are 
arranged on the circumferential surface of the end portion of the 
contacting roll 24. 
As shown in FIG. 4, illustrating a block diagram explaining a controlling 
apparatus 15 of the winder, signals transmitted from the non-contact type 
rotational speed detecting device 12, which detects the rotational speed 
of the contacting roll 24 by sensing the holes of the row of holes 13, are 
input to a pulse counter 71. The pulse counter 71 integrates the number of 
holes 13 passed during a measuring time interval output from a measuring 
timing signal generator 70. A row of clock pulses is transmitted in the 
order of 1 MHZ from a reference clock generator 74, and a clock counter 72 
integrates the number of the clock pulses during the measuring time 
interval output from the measuring timing signal generator 70. The actual 
rotational speed of the contacting roll 24 is calculated from the number 
of holes passed during the time interval and the clock pulses during the 
time interval by an operational amplifier 73. The actual rotational speed 
and ideal rotational speed generated from a yarn speed setter 75 are 
compared by a comparator 76 to obtain the discrepancy between them. A 
necessary control variable is obtained from the discrepancy, and a control 
gain is transmitted from a gain setter 78 in accordance with the actual 
rotational speed through a multiplier 77 and an integrator 79 on the basis 
of an initial frequency set by an initial yarn speed setter 82. 
Information of an actual bobbin shaft driving frequency is input from the 
inverter controller 80 to the gain setter 78, and an actual suitable gain 
is set on the basis of the above-mentioned information. Then, the 
frequency for driving the bobbin shaft is determined by an inverter 
controller 80 on the basis of the control variable and input to the second 
independent inverter 14 driving the bobbin shaft driving means 26. 
As described hereinafter, in the winder in accordance with the present 
invention, the bobbin shaft driving means 26 is controlled to be reduced 
in speed so as to maintain constant the winding circumferential speed of 
the yarn package 9 during winding. This speed reducing control is 
performed by comparing the detected rotational speed of the contacting 
roll with the predetermined ideal or target rotational speed. Namely when 
the diameter of the yarn package increases, the winding circumferential 
speed or rotation speed of the yarn package increases, when the rotational 
speed of the yarn package exceeds the target rotational speed, the 
frequency of the bobbin shaft is immediately controlled by instructions 
from the controller 15 to decrease the speed of the bobbin shaft driving 
means 26. 
So that the contacting roll 24 is rotated at a constant rotational speed 
when the yarn is wound at a constant winding speed, it is necessary to 
hold the contacting roll 24 and the bobbin 10 in a non-contact condition 
before start of the winding operation and to adjust the frequency and 
driving force applied to the contacting roll driving means 20 by the first 
independent inverter 25 which is not operably connected to the controller 
15 such that the rotational speed of the contacting roll corresponds to a 
target winding speed of the yarn. Therefore, it is sufficient that the 
above-mentioned constant driving force is always supplied to the 
contacting roll driving means 20. It is unnecessary to make special 
adjustments for them. 
As described hereinbefore, the winder of the present invention is different 
from the conventional winder in that an individual driving system or 
independent driving system is adopted for each of the bobbin shaft and the 
contacting roll. Namely, the bobbin shaft driving means 26 applies a 
driving force necessary for winding the yarn, comprising a force for 
rotating the bobbin and the yarn package wound on the bobbin and a force 
for drawing the yarn, while the contacting roll driving means 20 applies a 
driving force necessary for rotating the contacting roll 24 through power 
transmitting devices 21, 22, and 23. Therefore, when the yarn is winding 
at the constant winding speed, it is possible to maintain at a minimum the 
rotation transmitting force between the yarn package 9 and the contacting 
roll 24. 
As shown in FIG. 7, illustrating the relationship between a circumferential 
speed of the contacting roll 24 and a circumferential speed of the yarn 
package 9 in the winder of the present invention, a yarn 5 is wound onto 
the yarn package 9 at a winding circumferential speed V.sub.2 through the 
contacting roll 24 rotating at a winding circumferential speed V.sub.1. 
The constant winding speed expressed in this specification means a speed 
whereby the following equation is satisfied: 
Predetermined circumferential speed=Contacting roll circumferential speed 
(V.sub.1)=Winding circumferential speed (V.sub.2) Further, it is ideal 
that there is no change of the winding speed during the winding operation. 
However, in the conventional winder adopting the conventional method of 
dividing the driving force and the conventional method of detecting the 
winding speed, as disclosed U.S. Pat. No. 4,069,985 and 3,288,383, 
slippage occurs between the contacting roll and the yarn package and it is 
impossible to detect the correct circumferential speed of the contacting 
roll. 
In the winder of the present invention, the slippage between the contacting 
roll and the yarn package is reduced and the contacting roll 
circumferential speed V.sub.1 is made equal to the winding circumferential 
speed V.sub.2 by eliminating the rotation transmitting force between the 
contacting roll 24 and the yarn package 9. It is thus possible to wind the 
yarn at a constant winding speed by detecting directly the circumferential 
speed of the contacting roll 24, i.e., the rotational speed of the 
contacting roll 24. 
An embodiment of a device for detecting the rotational speed of the 
contacting roll 24 is illustrated in FIG. 15. In this embodiment, a row of 
holes 13 is arranged on a circumferential face of the contacting roll 24. 
Further, as shown in FIG. 16a and FIG. 16b, a disk 51, attached to the 
shaft 62 of the contacting roll 24 by means of a washer 55 and a bolt 54 
and having a circular row of holes 52, and a detector 53 for detecting 
existence of the holes 52 may be used as the rotational speed detecting 
device. In this case, a photoelectric sensor or a magnetic sensor may be 
used as the detector 53. A plurality of marks such as, projections, 
colored spots, or grooves arranged equiangularly on an end face of the 
disk and capable of been detected by the detecting means can be used in 
place of holes. 
If there is no unstable speed difference caused, for example, by slippage 
of a belt against pulleys, between the contacting roll and the contacting 
roll driving means 20, detection of the rotational speed of the contacting 
roll driving means 20 may be adopted in place of the detection of the 
rotational speed of the contacting roll 24. 
Since the above-mentioned rotational speed detecting device of the 
contacting roll has no mechanical portions contacting other members, 
safety and reliability factors are substantially increased particularly 
for high-speed winders where the rotational speed exceeds 10,000 m/min. 
Incidentally, it has been shown possible to obtain precision rotation of 
.+-.0.1% or less at a winding speed of 7,000 m/min or more in the winder 
of the present invention. 
In the embodiment described referring to FIG. 4, the correct rotational 
speed is obtained by using in parallel the integrated number of the 
detected holes and the count of the reference clock. However, a detecting 
system without the reference clock system may be also used. The precision 
slightly decreases, but it is still capable of being used in practice. 
Further, in the embodiment described referring to FIG. 4, a digital system 
is used as the detecting system, but an analog system may be used for 
obtaining good control. 
The strength of the material constituting the contacting roll or the like, 
especially the partial stress concentration, becomes a problem at a 
winding speed of 7,000 m/min or more. For example, a contacting roll 
suffers from centrifugal stress of about 20 kg/mm.sup.2 at a winding speed 
of 10,000 m/min. Therefore, a high tenacity steel should be adopted as the 
material of the rollers. 
The power consumption at the time of rotating the roller depends on the 
surface area of the roller. For example, when a roller having a diameter 
of 100 mm and a length of 800 mm is rotated at a circumferential speed of 
10,000 m/min, the power consumption of the roller is about 3.8 kW. 
Although it is preferable to use a roller having a small diameter for 
decreasing the power consumption, a roller having a small diameter must be 
rotated at a high speed to attain the desired circumferential speed of the 
roller. For example, a roller having a diameter of 100 mm must be rotated 
at 32,000 rpm to attain a circumferential speed of 10,000 m/min. 
Therefore, it is particularly preferable to use a roller having the 
diameter between 80 mm and 120 mm considering the life of the bearings of 
the roller. 
With regard to the lubrication of the bearings, it is preferable to use oil 
mist lubrication in place of conventional grease lubrication. 
It is preferable to use a high-speed three-phase induction motor as the 
contacting roll driving means. The connection system between the motor and 
the contacting roll is not limited to the system described in the 
embodiment. The motor may be directly connected to the contacting roll, or 
an outer-pole type motor, wherein a rotor is rotated on the outside of a 
stator, accommodating the contacting roll therein may be used. Further, it 
is possible to drive the contacting roll by using an air turbine in place 
of the motor. 
The shape of a yarn package wound by a conventional winder is shown in FIG. 
8, and the shape of a yarn package wound by the winder of the present 
invention is shown in FIG. 9. As can been seen comparing FIG. 9 with FIG. 
8, the yarn package of the present invention has a good shape with smaller 
bulges compared with the yarn package of FIG. 8, even with the same 
winding angle. 
Up to now the winding angle in the winder is usually set in the range 
between 5.degree. and 7.degree.. A yarn package having a low winding angle 
tends to generate larger bulges. However, a good shape having small bulges 
can be obtained at the lower winding angle by the present invention. 
Further it is possible to wind the yarn package at a winding angle of less 
than 5.degree. by adopting suitable operational conditions. 
Therefore, the speed of traverse motion can be decreased by decreasing the 
winding angle. By this, it becomes possible to hold down the increase of 
yarn tension at the place where the traverse is returned. Further, it is 
possible to extend the life of the traverse device, due to the lower speed 
of operation. Especially, it is possible to extend the life of a guide of 
a cam type traverse device and improve the yarn quality, a result of the 
decreased fluctuation in the yarn tension. 
As described hereinafter, since the driving forces of the bobbin shaft 11 
and the contacting roll 24 necessary to attain the target winding speed 
are supplied separately in the winding operation of the present invention, 
the reversed force a (see FIG. 6) of the rotation transmitting force 
between the yarn package and the contacting roll is eliminated, enabling a 
yarn package having good shape without bulges. Further, it is possible to 
eliminate the contact pressure b (see FIG. 6) previously necessary to 
generate a rotation transmitting force between the yarn package 9 and the 
contacting roll 24. The yarn package can be wound by applying only a small 
contact pressure necessary to hold the yarn to be wound to the cheese 
package in a desired yarn locus. 
We will now describe a multi-track cam type traverse device and a method 
for winding by means of this traverse device. 
The multi-track cam type traverse device used in the winder of the present 
invention illustrated in FIG. 1 is comprised of a cylindrical traverse cam 
19 having an endless spiral guiding groove, a pair of rails 17 arranged 
along an axial direction of the cylindrical traverse cam, a yarn guide 18, 
one end of which engages in the guiding groove, and which is moved 
reciprocatively guided along the pair of rails, a traverse driving device 
16, and a traverse driving inverter (not shown in FIG. 1). In this 
traverse device, the cylindrical traverse cam 19 is rotated by setting a 
frequency corresponding to a predetermined number of traverse motions to 
the traverse driving inverter. The yarn guide 18 applies the traverse 
motion to the yarn 5. 
The cylindrical traverse cam of the present invention is formed as a 
multi-track cam, one of the main constituent features of the winder of the 
present invention. The multi-track cam is a well-known device, as 
disclosed in Japanese Examined Patent Publication (Kokoku) No. 50-22130 
and Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication (Kokai) No. 60-167855. We will 
now describe the construction of the multi-track cam referring to FIGS. 
10, 11a, and 11b. 
As shown in FIG. 10, illustrating an embodiment of the multi-track cam used 
in the winder of the present invention, a cam groove A of the multi-track 
cam starts from an optional point on a circumferential surface of the 
cylindrical traverse cam, e.g. first return point R.sub.1 and arrives 
through points (1), (2), and (3) to a second return point R.sub.2. Then 
the cam groove A continues through points (4), (5), (6), and (7) to a 
third return point R.sub.3. The width L.sub.1 of the first reciprocal 
pathway is formed by movement of the yarn guide between the point (1) and 
the third return point R.sub.3. Further, the cam groove A continues from 
the third return point R.sub.3 through points (8), (9), (10), and point 
(11), fourth return point R.sub.4 and points (12), (13) and (14) to the 
first return point R.sub.1. The width L.sub.2 of the second reciprocal 
pathway is formed. In this case the cam groove A is a multi-track cam 
groove of two tracks. The width L.sub. 1 of the first reciprocal pathway 
is narrower than the width l.sub.2 of the second reciprocal pathway by a 
shortening width l.sub.2 in the second return point R.sub.2 plus a 
shortening width l.sub.1 in the third return point R.sub.3 Namely, the cam 
groove A is an endless spiral groove consisting of a plurality of inclined 
pathways, e.g., the pathway from the point (5) to the point (6) or pathway 
from the point (9) to the point (10), and a plurality of folded pathways, 
e.g., the pathway from the point (7) to the point (8) and pathway from the 
point (11) to the point (12). The four return points R.sub.1, R.sub.2, 
R.sub.3, and R.sub.4 are arranged at different places in the axial 
direction of the cylindrical traverse cam. 
FIG. 11a shows a locus of the yarn guide moved reciprocatively along the 
cam groove A illustrated in FIG. 10. Therefore, the yarn repeats return 
movements on the return points R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3, and R.sub.4 to 
be wound to the yarn package. Therefore, the yarn dwell of the high-edge 
portions of the yarn package wound by using the two track cam are 
dispersed in areas having the widths l.sub.1 and l.sub.2. 
FIG. 11b shows a locus of the yarn guide moved reciprocatively along a cam 
groove of a three-track cam. Regarding the dimensions of widths L.sub.1, 
L.sub.2, and L.sub.3, the following two combinations can be considered: 
EQU L.sub.1 &lt;L.sub.2 &lt;L.sub.3 
EQU or 
EQU L.sub.1 &lt;L.sub.2 =L.sub.3 
Although the number of tracks in the multi-track cam can be arbitrarily 
selected, it is preferable in practice to select from two to four. 
Further, although the dimensions of the shortening widths l.sub.1, 
l.sub.2, l.sub.3, and l.sub.4 can be arbitrarily selected, several 
experiments confirmed that it is necessary to set each shortening width 
l.sub.n over 2 mm in order to disperse the yarn dwell on the 
circumferential face of the yarn package. 
Referring to FIG. 13a and FIG. 13b, we will now describe the dispersing 
phenomenon of the yarn dwell caused by using the multi-track cam. 
As shown in FIG. 13b, since the speed of the yarn in the axial direction of 
the yarn package is decreased at the point where the yarn is returned, a 
larger quantity of yarn accumulates at the end portions of the yarn 
package than the middle portion, resulting in the high-edge portions. 
Namely, when the yarn quantity caused by the return movement of the yarn 
is expressed as the mark ".alpha." and the yarn quantity caused by the 
normal movement of the yarn is expressed as the mark ".beta.", the 
quantity .alpha.+.beta. is formed in a range l in FIG. 13b. This is the 
yarn dwell in the conventional yarn package. 
FIG. 13a shows the yarn dwell of the yarn package formed by using the 
multi-track cam illustrated in FIG. 11a. In this case, the yarn quantity 
##EQU1## 
accumulates in a range l at the end portions of the yarn package, as 
indicated by reference numeral 41, and the yarn quantity 
##EQU2## 
accumulates at the portion inward from the end port on of the yarn 
package, as indicated by reference numeral 42. As can be clearly 
understood from the above-mentioned description, since the yarn quantity 
##EQU3## 
in the yarn dwell 42 is larger than the yarn quantity 
##EQU4## 
in the yarn dwell 41, the yarn dwell 42 is formed as a protuberance having 
a higher hardness than that of the yarn dwell 41, and the high-edge 
portions are dispersed. 
To obtain a yarn package free from bulges and wound with a synthetic yarn 
not resulting in "hikes" and uneven dyeing in the fabric state, it is 
necessary to combine the multi-track cam and the self-driving contacting 
roll. For example, when yarn is wound at the speed of 5,000 m/min or more, 
such that protuberances having a high hardness are formed 2 mm or more 
inward from the ends of the yarn package by the winder having the 
multi-track cam and an ordinary frictional driving type contacting roll, 
the two end faces of the yarn package collapse during the winding 
operation as shown in FIG. 12a, making it impossible to continue the 
normal winding operation. 
When the yarn package is formed by a winder having the multi-track cam and 
the self-driving type contacting roll of the present invention, a yarn 
package having a square shape, as illustrated in FIG. 12b, can be obtained 
and the yarn constituting the yarn package is excellent in quality, i.e., 
features little "hikes", uneven dyeing, or the like. 
We will now describe a novel cheese yarn package of a synthetic yarn 
obtained by using the above-mentioned winder and applying the 
above-mentioned winding method in accordance with the present invention. 
The synthetic yarn used in the yarn package of the present invention means 
synthetic yarn obtained from a thermoplastic polymer having fiber-forming 
properties, for example, a thermoplastic polyester such as polyethylene 
terephthalate, or polybutylene terephthalate, a thermoplastic polyamide 
such as polyhexamethylene adipamide and polycaproamide, or a thermoplastic 
polyolefin such as polypropylene or polyethylene. 
The synthetic yarn in the present invention is directly wound from a 
spinning portion of a spinning machine without a drawing process and is 
substantially free of twist, which is different from the twist caused by 
the rewinding process. 
It is preferable that the synthetic yarn have mechanical properties capable 
of withstanding the knitting or weaving process, because the synthetic 
yarn is directly withdrawn from the yarn package for the processes. For 
example, in typical synthetic threads such as the yarn manufactured from 
polyethylene terephthalate, polyhexamethylene adipamide, and 
polycaproamide, it is preferable to have a tensile strength of 3 g/d or 
more and elongation of 90% or less. 
The cheese yarn package of the synthetic yarn in accordance with the 
present invention is characterized in that portions having the highest 
hardness are formed on the circumferential face of the yarn package inward 
from the two ends of the yarn package toward a central portion. 
FIG. 14a is a cross-sectional view of the yarn package 9 wound on a bobbin 
10 in accordance with the present invention. As shown in FIG. 14b, 
illustrating an end portion of the circumferential face of the yarn 
package 9 in an enlarged size, the portion 42 having the highest hardness 
is a protuberance formed by overlapped yarns. The diameter of this portion 
is slightly larger than the other portions. The difference of diameter 
.DELTA.h between the protuberance and the other portions is preferably in 
a range between about 0.1 mm and about 3 mm, more preferably between about 
0.1 mm and about 1 mm. The suitable width of the protuberance in the axial 
direction of the yarn package 9 depends on the winding angle of the yarn 
and contact pressure between the yarn package and the contacting roll, but 
it is preferable that the width of the protuberance be between about 2 mm 
and about 20 mm. 
To eliminate the generation of "hikes" in the fabric manufactured from the 
yarn of the yarn package of the present invention, it is preferable that 
the protuberances be formed at 2 mm or more inward from the end faces of 
the yarn package, more preferably 4 mm to 15 mm. When there are several 
protuberances on the circumferential face at the ends of the yarn package, 
it is not always necessary that each protuberance be positioned inward 
from each end face by the same distance, but it is preferable that each 
protuberance be positioned inward from each end face by the same distance 
to make the locus of traverse easier. If necessary, to further improve the 
shape of the yarn package, a plurality of protuberances may be used. 
However, to simplify the mechanism of the traverse device, it is 
preferable to use two or four protuberances per yarn package, i.e., one or 
two protuberance for each end portion of the yarn package. 
Since the protuberances having the largest diameter and the highest 
hardness are positioned away from other protuberances and at the ends of 
the yarn package, as indicated by the reference numerals 41 in FIG. 14b, 
but inward from the ends 41, the tension applied to the yarn at the ends 
41 is weakened and the strain of the yarn at the ends 41 is relaxed, so 
that "hikes" in the fabric state can be eliminated. 
The hardness of the yarn package is large and increases from the central 
portion 43 to the ends 41 and is highest at the protuberances 42. It is 
preferable that the difference of the hardness between the central portion 
43 and the protuberances 42 be as small as possible. The difference may be 
usually between 5.degree. and 30.degree.. The difference of the hardness 
between the ends 41 and the protuberances 43 may be between 5.degree. and 
20.degree.. 
The specific shape of the yarn package described hereinafter is formed at 
the start of the winding operation and continues to the end of the winding 
operation. Therefore the yarn package of the present invention returns its 
excellent shape from a relatively small yarn package, such as a package of 
a weight of one kg, to a relatively large yarn package, such as a package 
of a weight of several tens of kilograms. 
The cheese yarn package in accordance with the present invention is further 
characterized in that the difference in the maximum of dry heat shrinkage 
stress value of the yarn included in the portions having the highest 
hardness of the yarn package, i.e., in the protuberances, and the maximum 
of dry heat shrinkage stress value of the yarn included in the central 
portion is 40 mg/d or less. 
When the above-mentioned difference of stress is 40 mg/d or less, it is 
confirmed that there is little generation of "hike" in the manufactured 
fabric. The above-mentioned condition of a difference of 40 mg/d or less 
applies to the yarn at every layer of the yarn package. To further 
decrease the generation of "hikes", it is preferable that the difference 
of stress value be 20 mg/d or less, more preferably 15 mg/d or less. 
Incidentally, in the yarn package wound by a winder having a conventional 
cylindrical single track cam, it is impossible to obtain a yarn having a 
difference of stress of 40 mg/d or less. 
As described in detail hereinafter, a yarn package having excellent 
qualities of winding shape, dyeing, and resistance to "hikes" in the 
fabric state can be obtained by using the bobbin driving type winder 
having the self-driving type contacting roll with the rotational speed 
control system and the multi-track cam type traverse device in accordance 
with the present invention. 
When this winder is used to wind polyester yarn having a birefringence 
between 0.08 and 0.14, a crystal perfection index of 0.50 or less, and a 
shrinkage ratio in boiling water of 5% or less, the obtained yarn package 
has excellent qualities in winding shape, dyeing, and resistance to 
"hikes" in the fabric state and further has a good dyeability under normal 
pressure and dimensional stability. 
When the birefringence of the polyester yarn is under 0.08, the yarn of 
this yarn package does not have sufficient mechanical properties, e.g., 
strength or elongation, for supply of the yarn from the yarn package to a 
weaving or knitting machine without drawing process or the like. 
When the birefringence of the polyester yarn is over 0.14, it is difficult 
to obtain the easy dyeability featured by synthetic yarn spun by a 
high-speed spinning systems. It is preferable to select the birefringence 
between 0.10 and 0.13 in order to obtain sufficient mechanical properties 
and easy dyeability. 
The crystal perfection index is a characteristic indicating the structure 
of a crystal region measured by the method described hereinafter. When the 
crystal perfection index is small, the perfection of the crystal is good 
and the mechanical properties and the dimensional stability with regard to 
heat also become good. The crystal perfection index of the polyester yarn 
of the yarn package wound by the winder in accordance with the present 
invention is 0.50 or less, so that yarn having a shrinkage ratio in 
boiling water of 5 or less and an excellent low shrinkage in heating can 
be obtained. 
To further improve the mechanical properties of the polyester yarn and 
obtain yarn having a shrinkage ratio in boiling water of 3% or less, it is 
preferable that the crystal perfection index be 0.30 or less. 
Before describing several examples proving several effects of the present 
invention, the relationship between five aspects of the invention, 
described in detail and claimed in the claims, are clarified in Table 1. 
As shown in Table 1, this invention comes in five aspects: two winders, two 
methods for winding, and a yarn package. The effects are enhanced by 
combining (1) a self-driving contacting roll with a rotational speed 
controlling system, (2) multi-track traverse cam, and (3) winding under 
low contact pressure. The effects of the combination of the three features 
on properties of the yarn or the yarn package are shown in Table 1. 
TABLE 1 
__________________________________________________________________________ 
Combination of system 
Self driving contacting 
Multi- 
Winding 
roll with rotational 
track 
under low Effect 
speed controlling 
traverse 
contact 
Example 
Winding 
Uneven 
system cam pressure 
group 
shape 
dyeing 
Hikes 
__________________________________________________________________________ 
Winder * -- -- B good best good 
* * -- D better 
best best 
Method for 
* -- * C best best good 
winding better 
* * * E best best best 
Cheese-like 
* * -- F.G good best best 
yarn package 
Prior art 
none none -- A bad bad bad 
__________________________________________________________________________ 
*: used 
--: not used 
EXAMPLES 
The present invention will be explained further by means of examples, which 
in no way limit the invention. Definitions and measurements of various 
characteristics used throughout this specification are as follows. 
Winding Shape 
The width in the axial direction of the yarn package is measured as W, and 
width of a bulge as w as shown in FIG. 8. The bulge ratio w % is 
represented by the following equation: 
##EQU5## 
A bulge ration of 10% or less is evaluated as "good" and 5% or less as 
"best". 
Hardness 
The hardness is measured by means of a hardness tester for textile goods 
supplied by Shimadzu Corp., and having a needle of diameter 1.5 mm. Eight 
measured values of the hardness are prepared by directly pressing the 
needle of the hardness tester on eight points at equal distances in the 
circumferential direction of the yarn package. The mean value of the eight 
values is calculated as the hardness of a specific position of an axial 
direction of the yarn package. 
Uneven Dyeing 
Uneven dyeing is measured by using a yarn dye affinity testing system 
disclosed in the Journal of the Society of Fiber Science and Technology, 
Japan Vol 33 (1977) No. 9, under the following conditions: 
______________________________________ 
Measuring apparatus: 
Toray Tester FYL-600 
supplied by Toray Co., 
Running speed of yarn: 
30 m/min 
Temperature of scouring: 
60.degree. C. 
Time of Scouring: 15 sec 
Temperature of dyeing: 
60.degree. C. 
Time of dyeing: 80 sec 
Sensitivity of measurement: 
1 V 
______________________________________ 
The 60.degree. C. temperature of dyeing is selected in order to give the 
most suitable condition for detection of uneven dyeing. Uneven dyeing is 
expressed as a variance value (V.sub.FYL) obtained by processing 
statistically the variation of the degree of exhaustion in the axial 
direction of the yarn. A small value of V.sub.FYL means little uneven 
dyeing. 
A value of V.sub.FYL of 0.15 or less is evaluated as "good", and 0.10 or 
less as "best". 
Dry Heat Shrinkage Stress Value 
The fact that the stress in a yarn cramped at a constant length is highest 
in the heat-up process is well known (see Journal of the Society of Fiber 
Science and Technology, Japan Vol 27 (1971) No. 8). 
A dry heat shrinkage stress curve is prepared by using the heat stress 
measuring apparatus KE-2 supplied by Kanebo Engineering Co. A yarn having 
10 cm as the length to be measured is folded to form a loop of 5 cm 
length. An initial load of 10 mg/d is attached to an end of the loop. The 
loop is placed into a heating oven. The temperature is increased at a 
heat-up speed of 150.degree. C./min, and a dry heat shrinkage stress curve 
of the loop is drawn. The maximum value of the stress obtained from the 
curve is divided by twice the total denier of the yarn used for the 
measurement. The maximum of dry heat shrinkage stress value is obtained as 
F mg/d. 
Next, measurements of the F value are performed for yarns sampled from 
several portions in the axial direction of the yarn package from one end 
of the yarn package to another end of the same. The measurement is 
repeated for five traverses, i.e., five pieces of data of the F value are 
obtained for every portion in the axial direction of the yarn package. The 
mean value of F value is obtained from the five F values. 
The distribution of the mean F values of the various portion in the axial 
direction of the yarn package corresponds to the distribution of the 
hardness of the portions of the yarn package. Namely, the mean F value is 
highest at the place where the hardness of the yarn package is highest. 
The difference of the maximum of dry heat shrinkage stress value .DELTA.F 
is represented by the following equation 
EQU .DELTA.F=F.sub.1 -F.sub.2 (mg/d) 
wherein F.sub.1 stands for the F value at a place where the hardness is 
highest, and F.sub.2 stands for the F value at a central position of the 
yarn package. 
Hikes 
The "hikes" on a knitted or woven fabric are evaluated on the basis of an 
organoleptic test standard determined by experiences prevailing in this 
field by visual inspection of an inspector. The inspected results are 
evaluated and expressed according to the following scale: 
W=0: Little "hikes" 
W=1: Extremely small "hikes" 
W=2: Hikes 
W=3: Large or strong "hikes" 
The "hikes" of the evaluated fabric are expressed on the basis of the mean 
value of the above-mentioned W value evaluated by three inspectors 
according to the following standard: 
W=0: Best 
W=0-1: Better 
W=1-2: Good 
W=2-3: Bad 
Birefringence 
The refractive index n.sub.11 to polarized light parallel to the axis of 
the filament and the refractive index n.sub..perp. to polarized light 
perpendicular to the axis are observed by the interference fringe method 
using a transmission quantitative interference microscope supplied by 
Karltwiesena Co., GDR. In this case, a green ray having a wavelength 
.lambda. of 549 m.mu. is used. 
The birefringence .DELTA.n is represented by the following equation: 
EQU .DELTA.n=n.sub.11 -n.sub..perp. 
Crystal Perfection Index 
The diffraction strength curve for 2.theta. from 7.degree. to 35.degree. is 
drawn for a specimen having a thickness of 0.5 mm by an X-ray diffraction 
apparatus under the following conditions: 
Electric voltage: 30 kV 
Electric current: 80 mA 
Scanning speed: 1.degree./min 
Chart speed: 10 m/min 
Time constant: 1 sec 
Receiving slit: 0.3 mm 
Three main reflection in the range of 2.theta. from 17.degree. to 
26.degree. are denoted as (100), (010), (110) from a low angle side. A 
base line is formed by a straight line connecting the diffraction strength 
curve in the range of 2.theta. from 7.degree. to 26.degree.. The 
reflection strength is expressed by a perpendicular line from each peak 
toward the base line. The crystal perfection index C.sub.R is represented 
by the following equation: 
EQU C.sub.R =I.sub.0 /I 
where I.sub.0 is the reflection strength corresponding to a valley between 
(010) and (110) and I is the reflection strength corresponding to a peak 
of (110). 
Shrinkage Ratio in Boiling Water 
A length L.sub.0 of a specimen is measured under a weight of 0.1 g/d. The 
specimen is immersed in a free state in boiling water and treated for 30 
min. After that, the length L of the treated specimen is measured under 
the same conditions. The shrinkage ratio in boiling water is represented 
by the following equation: 
##EQU6## 
Dyeing Affinity 
A polyester filament is dyed by a disperse dye Resolin Blue FBL supplied by 
Bayer Co., under conditions of 3% owf, a bath ratio of 1 to 50, a 
temperature of 100.degree. C., and a dyeing time of 120 min. The degree of 
dye absorption is observed by measuring the absorbance of a dyeing liquid 
after the dyeing operation. 
A dyeing affinity wherein the degree of dye absorption is 60% or more is 
evaluated as "good", and a dyeing affinity wherein the degree of dye 
absorption is 70% or more is evaluated as "best". 
Example Group A 
Example group A is a reference group for explaining examples of high-speed 
winding performed by means of a conventional bobbin driving type winder 
having a follow driving type contacting roll. 
Polyethylene terephthalate having an inherent viscosity of 0.61 and 
including titanium oxide of 0.5 wt % is extruded at a speed of 7,000 m/min 
by means of a spinning machine illustrated in FIG. 1 and including a 
spinneret having 36 holes with a diameter of 0.23 mm, a heating cylinder 
having a length of 30 cm, and a high speed winder arranged 3 m below an 
underside of a spinneret, thus giving polyethylene telephthalate filament 
of 75 denier and 36 filaments. The temperature of the spinning head, 
including the spinneret, is 300.degree. C., and the temperature of the 
area in the heating cylinder, i.e., the temperature of the heating zone, 
is 250.degree. C. The oiling nozzle guide is positioned 25 cm below the 
point where the thinning treatment of each filament is completed. 
A conventional winder provided with a contacting roll with no self-driving 
force i.e., a follow driving type contacting roll, is used to wind the 
yarn extruded from the spinneret into a yarn package having the weight of 
10 kg under the following conditions: 
Outside diameter of bobbin: 140 mm 
Length of bobbin: 210 mm 
Stroke of traverse: 160 mm 
Winding tension: 0.25 g/d 
Winding angle: 6.degree. 
Contact pressure on winding: 0.25 kg/cm 
A plain weave fabric having a warp density of 100 per inch and a weft 
density of 80 per inch is woven by means of a Nissan water jet loom LW-51, 
using directly a yarn withdrawn from the above-mentioned yarn package as a 
weft. After scouring and presetting, this fabric is dyed at temperature of 
130.degree. C. to prepare a sample to evaluate the "hikes" on the fabric. 
Table 2 compares the properties of the yarn prepared by changing the 
contact pressure and the fabric woven by using the yarn package. 
Table 2 shows that high-speed winding using a conventional bobbin driving 
type winder having a follow driving type contacting roll requires high 
contact pressure and features unsuitable winding shape, uneven dyeing, and 
"hikes". 
TABLE 2 
__________________________________________________________________________ 
Contact Difference 
pressure of dry heat 
Driving 
(kg/width shrinkage 
system of 
(cm) of 
Bulge 
Uneven 
stress General 
contacting 
yarn ratio 
dyeing 
value Hikes 
evalua- 
roll package) 
w %) (V.sub.FYL) 
.DELTA.F (mg/d) 
(W) tion 
__________________________________________________________________________ 
Following 
0.35 18 0.35 82 3 bad 
Type or more 
Contacting 
0.3 15 0.25 65 3 bad 
Roll or more 
0.2 13 0.23 55 3 bad 
0.15 no -- -- -- bad 
winding 
__________________________________________________________________________ 
Example Group B 
Example group B relates to high-speed winding by means of a bobbin driving 
type winder having a self-driving type contacting roll with a rotational 
speed control system in accordance with the present invention. 
Polyethylene terephthalate having an inherent viscosity of 0.61 and 
including 0.5 wt % of titanium oxide is extruded at a temperature of 
295.degree. C. by means of the spinning machine illustrated in FIG. 1 and 
including a spinneret having 36 holes with a diameter of 0.23 mm, a 
heating cylinder having a length of 30 cm, and the above-mentioned 
high-speed winder arranged 3 m below the spinneret, thus giving a 
polyethylene telephthalate filament of 75 denier and 36 filaments. The 
oiling nozzle guide is positioned 25 cm below the point where the thinning 
treatment of each filament is completed. 
The winding conditions of the above-mentioned winder in accordance with the 
present invention are as follows. 
Outside diameter of bobbin: 140 mm 
Length of bobbin: 210 mm 
Stroke of traverse: 160 mm 
Winding angle: 6.degree. 
Contact pressure on winding: 0.12 kg/cm 
Weight of yarn package: 10 kg 
Table 3 compares the properties of the yarn packages prepared by changing 
the spinning or winding speed and the fabric woven by the same manner as 
in Example Group A. 
Table 3 shows that the bobbin driving type winder having the self-driving 
type contacting roll with the rotational speed control system in 
accordance with the present invention can provide a cheese yarn package 
having excellent winding shape, excellent uneven dyeing, and improved 
"hikes" of the fabric manufactured using this yarn package. The 
improvement of the uneven dyeing and "hikes" are obtained at all portions 
from the outside layer to the inside layer of the yarn package. 
TABLE 3 
__________________________________________________________________________ 
Difference 
of dry heat 
shrinkage 
Bulge 
Uneven 
stress General 
Winding Speed 
ratio 
dyeing 
value Hikes 
evalua- 
No. 
(m/min) (w %) 
(V.sub.FYL) 
.DELTA.F (mg/d) 
(W) tion 
__________________________________________________________________________ 
1 5500 4 0.04 30 1 better 
2 6500 5 0.04 34 2 good 
3 7500 7 0.05 35 2 good 
4 8000 8 0.06 38 2 good 
__________________________________________________________________________ 
Example Group C 
Example Group C relates to high speed winding performed under a condition 
of low contact pressure by means of a bobbin driving type winder having a 
self-driving type contacting roll with a rotational speed control system 
in accordance with the present invention. 
Several yarn packages of a weight of 10 kg are prepared by changing the 
contact pressure under the same conditions as used in Example Group B, 
except that the winding speed is fixed to 7,000 m/min. 
Table 4 compares the properties of the yarn packages, and the fabrics woven 
in the same manner as in Example Group A. 
Table 4 shows that winding under low contact pressure, which cannot be used 
in the prior art, can be attained in at a high speed of 7,000 m/min by 
using the bobbin driving type winder having the self-driving type 
contacting roll with the rotational speed control system in accordance 
with the present invention. 
TABLE 4 
______________________________________ 
Contact 
pressure Difference 
(kg/ of dry heat 
width Un- shrinkage Gen- 
(cm) of Bulge even stress eral 
yarn ratio dyeing 
value Hikes evalua- 
No. package) (w %) (V.sub.FYL) 
.DELTA.F (mg/d) 
(W) tion 
______________________________________ 
5 0.2 8 0.14 38 2 good 
6 0.15 6 0.06 35 2 good 
7 0.10 3 0.05 31 1 better 
8 0.05 3 0.04 25 1 better 
______________________________________ 
Example Group D 
Example Group D relates to high-speed winding performed by means of a 
bobbin driving type winder having a self-driving type contacting roll with 
a rotational speed control system and a multi-track cam type traverse 
device in accordance with the present invention. In Example Group D, 
properties of a yarn package obtained by the above-mentioned winding are 
examined in detail. 
Polyethylene terephthalate having an inherent viscosity of 0.60 and 
including a 0.5 wt % of titanium oxide is extruded at a temperature of 
295.degree. C. and a speed of 7,000 m/min by means of the spinning machine 
illustrated in FIG. 1 and including a spinneret having 36 holes with a 
diameter of 0.23 mm, a heating cylinder having a length of 30 cm, and a 
high speed bobbin driving type winder arranged 3 m below the spinneret and 
having the self-driving type contacting roll with the rotational speed 
control system and three-track cam type traverse device shown in FIG. 11b, 
thus obtaining a yarn package, having a weight of 10 kg of polyethylene 
telephthalate filament of 75 denier and 36 filaments. The oiling nozzle 
guide is positioned 25 cm below the point when the thinning treatment of 
each filament is completed. The filament has a strength of 4.2 g/d and 
elongation of 40%. 
The locus of traverse motion satisfying the equation L.sub.1 &lt;L.sub.2 
=L.sub.3 in FIG. 11b is used and the distances l.sub.1 and l.sub.2 between 
the ends of the multi-track cam and the return points of traverse motion 
are changed as described in Table 5. 
Other winding conditions in this Example Group D are as follows: 
Outside diameter of bobbin: 140 mm 
Length of bobbin: 210 mm 
Stroke of traverse: 160 mm 
Winding angle: 6.degree. 
Winding tension: 0.25 g/d 
Contact pressure on winding: 0.25 kg/cm 
Table 5 compares the properties of the yarn packages and the fabrics woven 
in the same manner as Example Group A. 
Table 5 shows that the bobbin driving type winder having a self-driving 
type contacting roll with the rotational speed control system and the 
multi-track cam type traverse device in accordance with the present 
invention can provide a cheese yarn package having excellent qualities in 
the winding shape, uneven dyeing and "hikes" in the fabric state. Those 
improved quality features prevail from the inside layer to outside layer 
of the yarn package. 
TABLE 5 
__________________________________________________________________________ 
Distance Distance Difference 
between between Difference 
of dry 
two return 
protuberance of dia- 
heat 
points of and end of Hardness meter of 
shrinkage 
cam yarn package 
Bulge 
Uneven 
(degree) yarn stress General 
l.sub.1 = l.sub.2 
m.sub.1 = m.sub.2 
ratio 
dyeing Central 
package 
value Hikes 
evalua- 
No. (mm) (mm) (%) (V.sub.FYL) 
End Protuberance 
portion 
.DELTA.h (mm) 
.DELTA.F 
(W)/d) 
tion 
__________________________________________________________________________ 
9 2 2 7 0.10 82 90 77 0.3 32 1 best 
10 5 4 7 0.10 81 91 78 0.4 27 0-1 best 
11 8 7 8 0.09 82 92 77 0.4 25 0-1 best 
12 12 11 8 0.09 81 92 77 0.3 22 0 best 
13 15 14 9 0.08 78 92 78 0.5 22 0 best 
__________________________________________________________________________ 
Reference examples of yarn packages are formed, changing the distances 
l.sub.1 and l.sub.2 between the ends of the yarn package and return points 
of traverse motion to 3 mm or 5 mm, by means of a conventional bobbin 
driving type winder having a follow driving type contacting roll and 
three-track cam type traverse device. However in the process of winding 
those yarn packages, the packages collapsed in winding shape from the time 
when the yarn was wound onto a yarn package having a weight of about 0.5 
kg, making continuation of the winding difficult. 
Example Group E 
Example Group E is for explaining the effect of changing the contact 
pressure during the winding operation described in Example Group D. 
Four examples are prepared, changing the contact pressure as described in 
Table 6, under the conditions used in the winding process of the yarn 
package of Example 10 in Example Group D. 
Table 6 compares the properties of the yarn packages and the fabrics woven 
in the same manner as Example Group A. 
Table 6 shows that winding under low contact pressure, which cannot be 
evaluated in the prior art, can be attained by using the winder described 
in Example Group D. The obtained yarn package has excellent qualities in 
winding shape, uneven dyeing, and "hikes" in the fabric state. Those 
improved quality features prevail from the inside layer to the outside 
layer of the yarn package. 
TABLE 6 
__________________________________________________________________________ 
Difference 
Difference 
of dry 
Contact of dia- 
heat 
pressure Hardness meter of 
shrinkage 
(kg/width (cm) 
Bulge 
Uneven 
(degree) yarn stress General 
of yarn ratio 
dyeing Central 
package 
value Hikes 
evalua- 
No. 
package) 
(%) (V.sub.FYL) 
End 
Protuberance 
portion 
.DELTA.h (mm) 
.DELTA.F (mg/d) 
(W) tion 
__________________________________________________________________________ 
14 0.2 7 0.08 80 92 77 0.6 19 0 best 
15 0.15 5 0.07 80 92 74 0.7 15 0 best 
16 0.10 3 0.05 79 91 73 0.9 12 0 best 
17 0.05 3 0.05 73 90 73 1.3 11 0 best 
__________________________________________________________________________ 
Example Group F 
Example Group F is for explaining yarn packages of polyester yarn 
manufactured by a high-speed spin take-up method, capable of dyeing under 
normal pressure and capable of manufacturing a fabric in which "hikes" are 
eliminated. 
Polyethylene terephthalate having an inherent viscosity of 0.61 and 
including 0.5 wt % of titanium oxide is extruded at a temperature of 
300.degree. C., changing the spinning speed or the winding speed, by means 
of the spinning machine illustrated in FIG. 1 and including a spinneret 
having 36 holes with a diameter of 0.23 mm, a heating cylinder having a 
length of 30 cm, and a high-speed winder arranged 3 m below the spinneret, 
thus directly obtaining a cheese yarn package, having a weight of 12 kg, 
of a polyethylene telephthalate filament of 75 denier and 36 filaments. 
The oiling nozzle guide is positioned 20 cm below the point where the 
thinning treatment of each filament is completed for every spinning speed. 
The temperature of the area in the heating cylinder, i.e., the temperature 
of the heating zone, is 250.degree. C. 
The used winder is equipped with a self-driving type contacting roll with a 
rotational speed control system and a two-track cam type traverse device 
illustrated in FIG. 11a, the distances l.sub.1 and l.sub.2 between each 
end of the multi-track cam and each return point of traverse motion being 
4 mm. The other winding conditions are the same as that of Example Group 
D. 
The protuberances of the obtained yarn package are 5 mm from the ends of 
the yarn package, and the winding shape of the yarn package during winding 
is kept stable. 
Table 7 compares the properties of the obtained threads, the yarn packages, 
and the fabrics woven in the same manner as Example Group A. 
Table 7 shows that, even if yarn is extruded at the spinning speed of 6,000 
m/min or more, the obtained yarn package of polyester yarn has a good 
winding shape and dyeing properties for normal pressure dyeing, and the 
fabric obtained by weaving the yarn from those yarn packages have a good 
grade with no "hikes". 
TABLE 7 
__________________________________________________________________________ 
Cry- Difference 
Shrink- stal of dry 
Spin- E- age per- 
Dye- heat 
ing lon- 
ratio in fec- 
ing Hardness shrinkage 
speed ga- 
boiling 
Bire- tion 
affin- 
Uneven 
Bulge 
(degree) stress 
(m/ Strength 
tion 
water 
fringence 
index 
ity 
dyeing 
ratio Protu- 
Central 
value Hikes 
No. 
min) 
(y/d) 
(%) 
(%) .DELTA.n .times. 10.sup.-3 
C.sub.R 
(%) 
(V.sub.FYL) 
(%) End 
berance 
portion 
.DELTA.F 
(w)/d) 
__________________________________________________________________________ 
18 5000 
3.6 91 13.2 
0.07 0.83 
55 0.03 3 80 86 80 9 0 
19 6000 
3.9 55 3.4 0.10 0.44 
62 0.03 4 83 90 80 13 0 
20 6500 
4.1 48 3.0 0.11 0.30 
68 0.06 7 82 92 77 15 0-1 
21 7500 
4.1 33 2.4 0.11 0.19 
79 0.11 8 80 94 78 16 0-1 
22 8000 
3.8 26 2.2 0.10 0.14 
85 0.13 9 80 95 80 19 0 
__________________________________________________________________________ 
Example Group G 
Example Group G is for explaining yarn packages of polycaproamide yarn 
wound by means of the winder in accordance with the present invention. 
Polycaproamide having an relative viscosity of 2.4, measured by sulfuric 
acid of 95%, is extruded at temperature of 270.degree. C. The extruded 
yarn is cooled, passed through a pair of godet rolls with the same 
circumferential speeds and directly wound at the different spinning speeds 
or winding speeds described in Table 8 into yarn packages of 
polycaproamide yarn having a denier of 50 and 17 filaments. 
The used winder is equipped with a self-driving type contacting roll with a 
rotational speed control system and a three-track cam type traverse device 
illustrated in FIG. 11b. A locus of traverse motion satisfying the 
equation L.sub.1 &lt;L.sub.2 =L.sub.3 is used, and the distances l.sub.1 and 
1.sub.2 between each end of the multitrack cam and each return point of 
traverse motion are 3 mm. 
The other winding conditions in this Example Group G are the same as in 
Example Group D, except that the winding contact pressure is set to 0.15 
kg/cm. 
The protuberances of the obtained yarn package are positioned 4 mm from the 
ends of the yarn package, and the winding shape of the yarn package during 
winding is kept stable. 
A plain weave fabric is obtained by using a conventional polycaproamide 
yarn as a warp yarn and using a yarn directly drawn from the 
above-mentioned yarn package as a weft yarn, at a density of 105 per inch. 
After scouring and presetting, this fabric is dyed at a temperature of 
100.degree. C. to prepare a sample to evaluate "hikes" on the fabric. 
Table 8 compares the properties of the obtained yarn prepared by changing 
the spinning speed or the winding speed, the yarn package, and the fabric 
woven by using the yarn package. 
Table 8 shows that, even if the cheese yarn package of polycaproamide yarn 
is wound at a high speed, the yarn package has excellent winding shape, 
and the fabric obtained by weaving the yarn from the yarn package has a 
good grade free of "hikes". 
TABLE 8 
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Difference 
of dry 
heat 
Hardness shrinkage 
Winding Properties of yarn 
Bulge 
(degree) stress 
speed 
Strength 
Elongation 
ratio Central 
value Hikes 
No. 
(m/min) 
(g/d) 
(%) (%) End 
Protuberance 
portion 
.DELTA.F (mg/d) 
(w) 
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23 4000 3.8 71 4 83 87 77 14 0 
24 4500 4.2 65 5 82 87 76 20 0 
25 5000 4.5 55 5 81 88 77 22 1 
26 6000 4.5 48 5 79 90 77 25 1 
27 7000 4.6 42 7 80 90 78 27 1 
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