Cranes

Described herein are cranes and particularly those which are stability balanced, normally mounted on a truck or similar vehicle and provided with a boom of telescoping sections. The crane according to the invention has a boom provided with an upper lattice extension and a fly jib, attached (preferably pivotally), to the boom adjacent the top thereof or to the lattice extension at a point on the lower half of the extension. As this arrangement provides a reasonable length of boom, or lattice extension thereof, above the connection point of the fly jib, a substantial moment arm is provided enabling a relatively long and heavy fly jib to be employed giving greater stability to the top portions of the crane. Also the arrangement enables increased lift capability, at comparable radii, as compared with a standard crane, or similar lift capabilities at an increased working radius.

This invention relates to cranes and in particular to cranes of the type 
which are stability balanced and are normally mounted on a truck or 
similar vehicle and provided with a boom of telescoping sections. 
A problem arises with such cranes in that if the boom is made too long, and 
if it operates at too great a radius from the truck, then the weight of 
the truck or the like may not be sufficient to balance the load to be 
lifted. For this reason any fly jib provided for the crane is normally 
made as light in weight as possible, but this leads to problems in flexing 
and a feeling of insecurity for the operator and imposes a load lifting 
limit on the crane. 
A crane in accordance with the invention has a boom provided with an upper 
lattice extension and a fly jib, attached (preferably pivotally), to the 
boom adjacent the top thereof or to the lattice extension at a point on 
the lower half of the extension. 
Whilst the connection point may be at, or adjacent the top of the boom, it 
is preffered for the connection to be on the lattice extension adjacent 
the point of connection of the lattice to the top of the boom e.g. about 
0.5 m above the top of the boom. 
As this arrangement provides a reasonable length of boom, or lattice 
extension thereof, above the connection point of the fly jib, a 
substantial moment arm is provided enabling a longer and heavier fly jib 
to be employed giving greater stability to the top portions of the crane. 
Also the arrangement enables increased lift capability, at comparable 
radii, as compared with a standard crane, or similar lift capabilities at 
an increased working radius. Equally, the fly jib may be made longer than 
conventional jibs, e.g. it may be of a minimum length of about 15 m and a 
normal working length of say 25 m. 
A crane of the invention preferably has telescopic boom sections and these 
may be retracted with the crane still giving a comparable height of lift 
to a conventional crane due to the increased jib length. If the telescopic 
sections are extended to give a greater lift height then again the crane 
has reasonable stability and greater lift capability and/or can work at a 
greater radius than a conventional crane. 
The length of the fly jib is preferably at least two and a half times the 
distance of the pivot point, on the lattice extension, below the top of 
the lattice extension. 
The angle between the jib and boom (or extension thereof) may be adjustable 
and, for example, may be 10.degree., 20.degree. or 30.degree. for fixed 
off-set work, or the jib may be luffed. For example twin tie ropes may be 
secured to the outer end of the jib and passed over twin sheaves secured 
at the top of the boom extension and then passed around a single pulley 
which may be pinned or otherwise secured to one of two or more brackets 
secured at varying distances down the boom or extension, depending upon 
the working jib angle required. 
When it is desired to luff the jib, a rope may be secured to the pulley and 
passed around a standard hoist, drum or the like at the base of the crane 
boom.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS 
The crane shown in FIG. 1 comprises a main boom formed of four telescoping 
sections 2,4,6 and 8, the section 2 being pivotally secured to a vehicle 
10 in a standard manner to form a travelling or mobile crane. The 
uppermost telescopic section 8 which is of standard form, has an extension 
12 of lattice work rigidly secured to it. A fly jib 14 of longer length 
than standard and also of lattice, is pivotally attached to the lattice 
extension 12 at a point 16 on the lower half of the extension just above 
the head 18 of the boom. 
A tie rope (or ropes) 20 is secured to a bracket 22 at the outer end of the 
jib, passes over the head of the lattice extension and is secured thereto. 
In the arrangement illustrated in FIGS. 2 and 3, it will be seen that a 
double tie rope 20 is used, the two lengths 20', 20" of which pass over 
twin sheaves 24 on the head of the lattice extension and then around a 
pulley 26 which may be secured to anyone of three brackets 28 on the 
lattice extension depending upon the required angle between the jib and 
boom for example 10.degree., 20.degree. or 30.degree.. This is convenient 
for fixed angle off-set work at any of these three (or more) angles. 
When it is desired to luff the jib a rope diagrammatically shown at 30 is 
secured to the pulley 26 and is passed over a hoist drum or the like (not 
shown) at the bottom of the crane boom. 
The normal hoist rope(s) 32 is passed over a sheave 34 at the end of the 
jib, around another sheave at the end of the extension (not shown) and 
down to a standard hoist shown diagrammatically at 33. 
As an example the crane 36 in accordance with the invention shown at the 
right hand side of FIG. 4 has a main boom which is 18.3 m. long when 
contracted but is expandable to 33.2 m. with a lattice extension 12 which 
is 10 m. long. The fly jib 14 is 25 m. long and is secured to the lattice 
extension at a pivot point 16 which is located 0.4 m. above the head 18 of 
the boom. The jib is arranged for off-set work at a fixed angle of 
10.degree. to the crane boom (or lattice extension thereof). 
The standard crane 38 illustrated in FIG. 5 has a main boom and lattice 
extension similar to the crane 36. 
As can be seen, the lift height of the crane 36 with the boom sections 
contracted, is the same as the standard crane 38 illustrated in FIG. 5 
with its telescopic boom 40 fully extended. Thus the crane 36 is stronger 
and more stable due to the fact that the proportions of the steel work of 
the top sections of the crane may be heavier and also due to the fact that 
the boom sections are contracted. Hence, the crane 36 is able to carry 
higher loads at a similar radius (e.g. the crane 36 can carry a load of 
5,500 kg at a radius of 22 m. as compared with say 3,600 kg for the crane 
38 at the same radius). If the boom sections are extended the crane 36 can 
carry 2,200 kg at a radius of 32 m. which cannot be achieved by the 
standard crane 38. Further if the angle of the jib to the boom is 
increased to 30.degree. it can still carry 4,000 kg at a radius of 22 m. 
or alternatively, it can carry loads of say 2,000 kg at a radius of 36 m.