Photographic roller copying apparatus

A photographic roller copying apparatus for processing films of different sizes includes a scanning device for determining a size of the film to be processed, an illuminating device, a film-supporting platform having at least one aperture adjustable to the size of the film to be processed by a pivotable plate provided on the illuminating device, and two projection systems interchangeably movable into a path of light from the illuminating device. One of the projection systems includes a pair of porroprisms for rotating the image of an original positioned in the image aperture by 90.degree..

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
The present invention relates to a photographic roller copying apparatus 
for processing films having various formats. 
In use of the photographic cameras with so-called half-size films 
18.times.24 mm and because of necessary adjustments, such as glueing of 
unprocessed films to form long tapes, the problem has occurred that the 
film tape contained of a plurality of films can have various dimensions of 
originals. 
A roller copier of the type under discussion, which is disclosed, for 
example in German Pat. No. 1,953,015, is utilized for copying film rolls, 
in which the film includes the originals of different formats, and wherein 
an automatic control of the image aperture for a corresponding original 
format is provided in accordance with markings formed on the edge of the 
film or on the film end. The copying process in this known copier results 
in that in case of a constant image scale of the originals having format 
18.times.24 mm, only a half of copies can be made, as compared to the 
copies made from originals having format 24.times.36 mm. Therefore such a 
copier has been found rather inefficient. 
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
It is an object of the present invention to provide an improved 
photographic roller copying apparatus. 
It is another object of this invention to provide a roller copier for 
processing films of different size in which the size of originals is 
adjusted to the width of the film tape. 
These and other objects of the invention are attained by a photographic 
roller copying apparatus for projecting film originals of various sizes 
onto a tape-like copying material, the width of which corresponds to a 
desired size of a copy, and wherein originals are arranged in a tape and 
have one dimension extended along said tape and another dimension extended 
transverse of said tape, the apparatus comprising two projecting systems; 
and means for illuminating an original, said projecting systems being 
interchangeably movable into a path of light in dependence on the format 
of the original being projected, one of said projecting systems including 
a pair of light path-displacing rotating porro-prisms for rotating an 
image to be projected by 90.degree., and means for obtaining a parallel 
displacement of the image, which displaces the image back against the 
direction of the displacement by the rotating porro-prisms for overlapping 
the light path without the use of the porro-prisms. 
The two projecting systems utilized in the copier of this invention have 
the image scales which are selected so that the respective original is 
projected onto the paper tape in a desired size. The projection of smaller 
originals which lie transversely of the elongation of the film is obtained 
by rotating prisms, particularly by porro-prisms which cause the rotation 
of the image by 90.degree.. 
An additional device with two inclined and parallel mirror-covered surfaces 
or with a rhombus prism is provided in the copier. This additional device 
shifts the image displaced by the rotating prisms back in the counter 
direction. 
The device may further include a film-supporting platform having at least 
one aperture which is adjustable for exposing the originals of two 
formats, and a flap displaceable to expose the entire aperture for 
processing originals of greater format and to partially close said 
aperture to expose a portion thereof for processing originals of smaller 
format lying transversely of the tape of the originals. 
The illuminating means may include a mirror shaft having an outlet opening 
corresponding to a greater format of the original being projected, said 
mirror shaft including a shaft wall pivotable about an axis parallel to 
the plane of an original exposed in said aperture to a position in which 
light is concentrated on an original of a smaller format. 
In another embodiment the illuminating means may include a mirror shaft 
extended up to said apertures, and a shaft wall pivotable about an axis 
positioned between two apertures so as to selectively expose to light one 
of said apertures and to shut from light another of said apertures. 
The mirror shaft may be asymmetrical in the direction of said tape and have 
a vertical cylindrical portion positioned against one of said apertures 
for illuminating originals of greater format, and another portion 
laterally offset relative to said vertical portion and positioned against 
another of said apertures for illuminating originals of smaller format. 
The mirror surfaces of the mirror shaft side walls and of the pivotable 
shaft wall or the above-mentioned rhombus prism bring the axis of the 
image back into register with the optical image without the use of the 
rotating prisms. 
The enlargement of an optical path by means of the rotating prisms and by 
the double prism with the mirror surfaces should be taken into 
consideration by selecting the type of the objective to be used. 
The apparatus may further include a scanning device for scanning format 
markings and image notches provided on the film tape, and an adjusting 
member for interchanging said projecting systems in the path of light, 
said scanning device through said adjusting member controlling the 
switching of said pivotable shaft wall and the positioning of an original 
in the aperture which corresponds to the format of the original to be 
processed.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS 
Referring now to the drawings, and first to FIGS. 1 and 2 thereof, 
reference numeral 1 designates a film tape which is combined of a 
plurality of individual films glued together as disclosed, for example in 
German Pat. No. 1,953,015. Films of various formats, namely 24.times.36 mm 
and 18.times.24 mm can be combined in such film tape. Grooves or notches 
are made at the edge of the film tape at predetermined intervals from each 
other for each image original. These notches are mechanically or 
photoelectrically scanned for transporting in position inside the copier. 
The film tape can have, in the known fashion, specific marks at the spots 
of the glue, these marks being also automatically scanned, and a signal is 
generated for a format of the following film in the tape. 
The distance between the neighboring notches provided in accordance with 
German Pat. No. 1,953,015, and also the format change at the spots of 
glueing between the films can be scanned along the transportation of the 
film by means of a scanning station 2. A cleaning device 3 with rotating 
brushes 3a is arranged before the scanning device 2 in the direction of 
the film transport. Brushes 3a remove dust collected on the film from the 
latter before a copying process starts. 
A copier station for the film transported in the direction from the right 
to the left has a supporting plate 4 with an image aperture 4a, the latter 
corresponding in its greater dimension to format 24.times.36 mm, lying in 
the direction of elongation of the film tape. For a smaller, transversely 
lying format 18.times.24 mm, an eccentrically positioned portion of the 
image aperture, facing toward the scanning device 2, is utilized. The 
portion of the image aperture 4a which is not used during the processing 
of a smaller format is in this case closed by means of a pivotable or 
displaceable flap 22 mounted to the supporting plate 4. 
An illumination device 5 is positioned above aperture 4a. The illumination 
device 5 comprises a copier lamp 6, the light of which is projected 
through a suitable reflector and a condensor lens 7 mounted in a shaft or 
chute 8. The shaft 8 can be formed as a mixing shaft or a mirror shaft 
which corresponds in its cross-section to the format of the original being 
projected. Shaft 8 at its lower side facing toward the original, has a 
diffusing lens or screen 9. Shaft 8 approximately corresponds in its 
cross-section to a smaller size of the image. A wall 8a of shaft 8, 
positioned above flap 22, is pivotally supported at its upper end about an 
axis 10 which is parallel to the plane of the original and perpendicular 
to the direction of transportation of the film so that wall 8a is movable 
inwardly of square-shaped shaft for processing a smaller original format 
to its inclined position, shown in FIG. 1, in which the lower edge of the 
shaft wall lies approximately above the center of the image operature 4a. 
In this position, practically the entire light stream of lamp 6 is 
satisfactorily homogenized through the mirror shaft 8 on the diffusing 
lens 9 and projected via aperture 4a in accordance with its available 
cross-section for a half format. 
This shifting is dependent upon the dimensions of prisms 16, 17, which 
define a cross-section of the light beam in the region of the prisms. 
In order to expose onto a copying material 14 a half size image in the same 
position as the original of format or size 24.times.36 mm, a so-called 
double prism 23 is provided below an objective 13. Double prism 23 is 
formed of a one-piece glass member, the operation of which is as follows: 
An inlet surface of a first even-legged rectangular prism 23a, the 
reflecting diagonal of which is inclined by 45.degree. to the beam path, 
faces towards the outlet surface of the objective 13. The light beam 
deflected in the horizontal direction passes through a plane-parallel 
glass plate 23b of a suitable thickness onto a second prism 23c which at 
its reflecting diagonal surface, deflects the image axis to a diagonal 
crossover point of the exposure aperture limited by screens or masks 15. 
Two transporting rollers 11 and 12 are arranged at the left-hand side of 
the supporting plate 4, rollers 11, 12 transporting the film tape after 
the copying process has been completed. The accurate positioning of the 
image-carrying original is controlled by scanning the edges of the 
aforementioned notches so that the aperture 4 is brought into a correct 
position corresponding to the size of the original. 
Following means are provided for exposing the original positioned against 
the aperture 4a: 
So-called half-size originals on the aperture 4 are projected via the 
objective 13 onto the tape of the light-sensitive copying material 14, the 
length of which available for exposing, is limited in the 
tape-transporting direction by screens 15. 
A set of rotating prisms, or porro-prisms 16, 17, which deflect the image 
viewed therethrough many times by 90.degree., respectively, are positioned 
between the image aperture 4a and the objective 13. Thus the rotation of 
the image by 90.degree. is obtained by the arrangement of the prisms at a 
mutual angle of 135.degree., as shown in FIG. 2. A displacement of the 
image in the direction of the original transportation is associated with 
such a rotation due to a multiple reflection and due to horizontal 
components of the image beam. The original positioned against the image 
aperture 4a with its longer side being transversal to the direction of 
elongation of the film tape is, after the rotation of prisms 16, 17 and by 
means of objective 13, imaged onto the copying material tape 14 so that 
the longer side of the original extends in the direction of elongation of 
the copying material tape, which is paper. The scale of imaging via 
objective 13 is determined such that the smaller the width of the original 
is directly in register with the width of the copying material tape. 
For copying originals of normal size in accordance with the size of the 
image aperture 4a, a re-arrangement of the device is necessary. The 
objective 13 with both rotating prisms 16, 17 is moved in a suitable guide 
by a conventional means, for example stepping motor, in the leftward 
direction as shown by dash-dotted lines whereas the objective 18 of the 
known type is drawn from the illustrated position rightwardly away from 
the beam path and in the same way further leftwardly unless the axis of 
objective 18 will coincide with the axis of the shaft 8 housing the lamp 
6. For copying films of the size 24.times.36 mm the shaft wall 8a is 
pivoted to the vertical position so that the entire light stream from 
condensor lens 7 is transmitted onto the diffusing lens 9 above the image 
aperture 4a. The objective 18, which can be, for example a vario 
objective, forms then in aperture 4 an image, the direction of elongation 
of which coinsides with the direction of elongation of the film tape of 
originals, without moving the rotating prisms in the direction of 
elongation to the copying material tape. 
To enable the apparatus to make copies with short exposure time periods a 
lock 19 is arranged in an effective position below the objective 13 or 18. 
Lock 19 includes a locking plate 20 and a rotating magnet 21 connected to 
plate 20 and which pivots the plate into a beam path for ending the 
copying process. 
The mode of operation of the apparatus is as follows: 
After the end of a new film is moved through a cleaning device 3 and 
transport rollers 11, 12 the end of the first frame of the film appears 
under the scanning device 2. A format or size of the original is defined 
in the following film by the scanning device 2. A normal size picture 
format, as shown in the position of FIG. 1, corresponds to the entire 
cross-section of the aperture 4. By means of any suitable motor-driven 
adjustment device the objective 13 with rotating prisms 16, 17 is moved to 
a dashed-line position whereas at the same time the normal objective is 
moved so that its axis coinsides with the axis of the lamp shaft or 
housing 8. Simultaneously the pivotable shaft wall 8a is moved to a 
vertical position shown by dashed line. Flap 22 is then pivoted away to an 
open position. The film frame of a small format positioned in the aperture 
4a is illuminated with entire light flow emitted by lamp 6 and transmitted 
through condensor lens 7, and the image is transmitted via objective 18 
onto the tape of the copying material 14 as long as lock 19 is opened. All 
the frames of the film are copied in the same fashion while copying 
material tape 14 is transported below objective 18 by any suitable 
conventional means. 
As a following glue spot on the film enters the scanning device 2 the 
format of the originals in the next film is scanned and it is examined 
whether the copying device is adjusted to this format. If the adjustment 
to a normal size or format of the film original in accordance with the 
entire cross-section of aperture 4a has been described above the 
adjustment of the device to the film having originals of the size 
18.times.24 is carried out in a reverse direction. The objective 18 is 
displaced to its right-hand position shown in FIG. 1 while the objective 
13 is moved to the position shown by the solid line. The pivotable shaft 
wall 8a should be brought to its inclined position. The position of the 
first original of a half-size is controlled by a respective feeding means, 
for example by means for imparting a different number of steps of 
advancing the film from the scanning station 2 to the aperture 4 so as to 
place the original in the correct position in correspondence with the 
exposed portion of the aperture 4a. The image of this original is rotated 
by 90.degree. by means of prisms 16, 17. The projection of the image 
through the objective 13 and the double prism 23 produces a format-filled 
copy which extends in the direction of elongation of tape 14. 
FIGS. 3 and 4 illustrate a modified embodiment of the invention. The 
supporting plate 4 for supporting the film originals has two apertures 4a 
and 4b. The image aperture 4a has the size which corresponds to the 
original size 18.times.24 mm whereas the image aperture 4b has the 
cross-section which corresponds to the size of the original 24.times.36 
mm. A single illumination device 5 is provided for the both image 
apertures. Light emitted from lamp 16 and enhanced by the non-shown 
reflector is transmitted through the condenser lens 7 towards the 
supporting plate 4. The mixing shaft 8 is formed in this embodiment as a 
mirror shaft and has a cross-section area which approximately corresponds 
to the size of the original. Mirror shaft 8 has at its lower side, facing 
the original to be imaged, a diffusing lens or screen 9. 
In the exemplified embodiment with two image apertures 4a and 4b, the 
cross-sectional area of the shaft 8 corresponds to the picture format 
24.times.36 mm, and in the case of aperture 4a having a half-size the 
shaft wall 8a is non-rigid but pivotable about an axle 10 positioned 
between two appertures 4a and 4b. Axle 10 extends in parallel with the 
plane of the original and normally to the direction of transportation of 
film tape or strip 1. When shaft wall 8is in the position shown by 
dash-dotted line this wall is in register with the mirror-covered side 
wall of shaft 8 so that aperture 4b is available, whereas when the shaft 
wall 8a is in the position shown by solid line this wall 8a abuts with its 
end the opposite mirror-covered side wall of shaft 8 so that light emitted 
from above is deflected to the wall provided in an extension 8b of the 
lamp shaft or housing 8, extension 8b overlapping the aperture 4a. The 
shaft extension 8b is at its inner side completely mirror-covered so that 
light transmitted from condensor lens 7 is deflected by the mirror-covered 
upwardly-directed surface of shaft wall 8a and is homogenized by a 
multiple reflection, mixed and transmitted onto the diffusing lens or 
screen 9 above the image aperture 4a. 
For the projection of the original positioned in image aperture 4a or 4b 
the following means are provided: 
The half-size originals in aperture 4a are imaged via objective 13 and 
porro-prisms 16, 17 to the copying material 14. The image scale is 
determined by the objective so that a copy having a smaller width directly 
fills up the width of the copying material tape 14. 
For copying originals having a normal size corresponding to the dimensions 
of aperture 4b the objective 18 is utilized. For copying the films having 
format 24.times.36 mm the shaft wall 8a is pivoted to the vertical 
position so that the entire light beam of condensor lens 7 is transmitted 
along the mixing shaft 8 to the diffusing lens 9 above aperture 4b. The 
objective 18, which is, for example a conventional vario objective, forms 
an image in aperture 4b, the direction of elongation of which coincides 
with the direction of elongation of the tape, without moving the rotating 
prisms in the longitudinal direction towards tape 14. 
The operation of the above-described apparatus is as follows: 
After the starting end of a new film has been transported through the 
cleaning device 3 and the transport rollers 11, 12 this end arrives under 
the scanning device 2. The size of the originals in this film is 
determined by the scanning device, for example, as seen in FIG. 3, a 
normal format would be that which corresponds to aperture 4b. Then by 
means of a suitable motor-driven adjustment device (non-shown) the 
objective 13 with rotating prisms 16, 17 is moved to the left-hand 
position shown by dash-dotted line whereas the normal objective 18 is 
brought in the position in which his axis coincides with the axis of shaft 
8. Simultaneously the pivotable shaft wall 8a is moved to the vertical 
position. The small original positioned in aperture 4b is illuminated by 
substantially entire light beam and is imaged by the objective 18 onto 
copying material tape 14 as long as lock 19 is opened. Then all originals 
of this film are copied in the same manner while tape 14 is transported 
between masks 15. 
When a following glue spot enters the scanning station 2 the size of the 
next film is determined and it is also examined whether the whole copying 
device is adjusted to this size. If the film originals to be copied now 
have the size 18.times.24 mm the adjusting process is performed in the 
reverse direction. The objective 18 is displaced to the position shown by 
solid line while the objective 13 is also moved to its position 
illustrated by solid line so that the axis of objective 13 would coincide 
with the axis of shaft 8. The shaft wall 8a is brought to its inclined 
position. The first original of the half-size film is controlled by a 
respective adjustment of the feeding means, for example by the application 
of another number of steps to the scanning station 2, and placed into the 
correct position in correspondence with the aperture 4a. The image of this 
original is rotated by 90.degree. by prisms 16, 17. The projection by the 
objective 13 results in a format-filled copy which extends in the 
direction of elongation of tape 14. 
The apparatus of this invention can be also utilized for other formats of 
the films, for example for a square format; then the objective 8 can be 
used. The exposure of the original would be carried out through aperture 
4b which would be cut at both edges. It is also possible to use a 
stationary objective in place of the vario objective 18 when roughly 
stepped various image scales for the originals having the size 24.times.36 
mm are to be used. 
Both projection systems 13 and 18 can be arranged on individual 
motor-driven carriages spaced from each other by a distance corresponding 
to the path of their displacement. 
The invention can be also utilized when copies are exposed such that they 
would lie with their widths transversely of the copying material tape. The 
rotary prisms will be then provided on the objective for originals sized 
24.times.36 mm. Simultaneously the support of aperture 4a will be changed. 
It will be understood that each of the elements described above, or two or 
more together, may also find a useful application in other types of 
photographic copying apparatus differing from the types described above. 
While the invention has been illustrated and described as embodied in a 
photographic copying apparatus, it is not intended to limited to the 
details shown, since various modifications and structural changes may be 
made without departing in any way from the spirit of the present 
invention. 
Without further analysis, the foregoing will so fully reveal the gist of 
the present invention that others can, by applying current knowledge, 
readily adapt it for various applications without omitting features that, 
from the standpoint of prior art, fairly constitute essential 
characteristics of the generic or specific aspects of this invention.