Methods for the retrieval of blue, green and red exposure records of the same hue from a photographic element containing emissive interlayers

A method is disclosed of obtaining from an imagewise exposed photographic element separate records of the imagewise exposure to each of the blue, green and red portions of the spectrum comprising photographically processing an imagewise exposed photographic element comprised of a sequence of superimposed blue, green and red recording silver halide emulsion layer units that produce images of the same hue upon processing (e.g., units lacking a dye-forming coupler). A first interlayer unit overlies the emulsion layer unit nearest the support and is capable of transmitting to it imagewise exposing radiation this emulsion layer unit is intended to record. A second interlayer unit underlies the emulsion layer unit farthest from the support and is capable of transmitting to the emulsion layer units lying nearer the support imagewise exposing radiation these emulsion layer units are intended to record. The imagewise exposed photographic element is photographically processed to produce a silver image in each of the emulsion layer units. After photographic processing one of the interlayer units is capable of absorbing electromagnetic radiation within at least one wavelength region and emitting within a longer wavelength region, and the remaining of the first and second interlayer units is capable of reflecting or absorbing electromagnetic radiation within at least one wavelength region. The photographic element is scanned utilizing emission from one of the interlayer units to provide a first record of the image information in one of the first and last emulsion layer units and is scanned utilizing reflection or absorption of the remaining interlayer unit to provide a second record of the image information in one other of the emulsion layer units. Additionally, the photographic element is scanned through the first and second interlayer units and all of the emulsion layer units to provide a spectrally undifferentiated third record of the combined images in all of the emulsion layer units. The first, second and third records are compared to obtain separate blue, green and red exposure records.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION 
The invention is directed to a method of extracting blue, green and red 
exposure records from an imagewise exposed silver halide photographic 
element and to a photographic element particularly adapted for use in the 
method. 
BACKGROUND 
In classical black-and-white photography a photographic element containing 
a silver halide emulsion layer coated on a transparent film support is 
imagewise exposed to light, producing a latent image within the emulsion 
layer. The film is then photographically processed to transform the latent 
image into a silver image that is a negative image of the subject 
photographed. Photographic processing involves developing (reducing silver 
halide grains containing latent image sites to silver), stopping 
development, and fixing (dissolving undeveloped silver halide grains). The 
resulting processed photographic element, commonly referred to as a 
negative, is placed between a uniform exposure light source and a second 
photographic element, commonly referred to as a photographic paper, 
containing a silver halide emulsion layer coated on a white paper support. 
Exposure of the emulsion layer of the photographic paper through the 
negative produces a latent image in the photographic paper that is a 
positive image of the subject originally photographed. Photographic 
processing of the photographic paper produces a positive silver image. The 
image bearing photographic paper is commonly referred to as a print. 
In classical color photography in its most widely used form the 
photographic film contains three superimposed silver halide emulsion layer 
units each containing a different subtractive primary dye or dye 
precursor, one for recording blue light (i.e., blue) exposure and forming 
a yellow dye image, one for recording green exposure and forming a magenta 
dye image, and one for recording red exposure and forming a cyan dye 
image. During photographic processing developing agent is oxidized in the 
course of reducing latent image containing silver halide grains to silver, 
and the oxidized developing agent is employed to form the dye image, 
usually by reacting (coupling) with a dye precursor (a dye-forming 
coupler). Undeveloped silver halide is removed by fixing and the unwanted 
developed silver image is removed by bleaching during photographic 
processing. This approach is most commonly used to produce negative dye 
images (i.e., blue, green and red subject features appear yellow, magenta 
and cyan, respectively). Exposure of color paper through the color 
negative followed by photographic processing produces a positive color 
print. 
Although widely used this form of classical color photography has evolved 
highly complicated complementary film and paper constructions. For 
example, a typical color negative film contains not only a minimum of 
three different emulsion layer units, but also dye-forming couplers, 
coupler solvents to facilitate their dispersion, masking couplers to 
minimize image hue distortions in printing onto color paper, and oxidized 
developing agent scavengers to avoid formation of unwanted dyes. Not only 
is the film structure complex, but the optical qualities of the film are 
degraded by the large quantities of ingredients related to dye image 
formation and management. 
A much simpler film that has enjoyed commercial success in classical color 
photography is a color reversal film that contains three separate emulsion 
layer units for separately recording blue, green and red exposures, but 
contains no dye image forming ingredients. The film is initially processed 
like a black-and-white photographic film to produce three separate silver 
images in the blue, green and red recording emulsion layer units. The 
simplicity of construction has resulted in imaging properties superior to 
those of incorporated dye-forming coupler color negative films. 
The factor that has limited use of these color reversal films is the 
cumbersome technique required for translating the blue, green and red 
exposure records into viewable yellow, magenta and cyan dye images. Three 
separate color developments are required to sequentially form dye images 
in the blue, green and red recording emulsion layer units. This is 
accomplished in each instance by rendering the silver halide remaining 
after black-and-white development developable in one layer and then 
employing a color developer containing a soluble dye-forming coupler to 
develop and form a dye image in one of the emulsion layer units. Developed 
silver is removed by bleaching to leave three reversal dye images in the 
photographic film. 
In each of the classical forms of photography noted above the final image 
is intended to be viewed by the human eye. Thus, the conformation of the 
viewed image to the subject image, absent intended aesthetic departures, 
is the criterion of photographic success. 
With the emergence of computer controlled data processing capabilities, 
interest has developed in extracting the information contained in an 
imagewise exposed photographic element instead of proceeding directly to a 
viewable image. It is now common practice to extract the information 
contained in both black-and-white and color images by scanning. The most 
common approach to scanning a black-and-white negative is to record 
point-by-point or line-by-line the transmission of a near infrared beam, 
relying on developed silver to modulate the beam. Another approach is to 
address areally the black-and-white negative relying on modulated 
transmission to a CCD array for image information recording. In color 
photography blue, green and red scanning beams are modulated by the 
yellow, magenta and cyan image dyes. In a variant color scanning approach 
the blue, green and red scanning beams are combined into a single white 
scanning beam modulated by the image dyes that is read through red, green 
and blue filters to create three separate records. The records produced by 
image dye modulation can then be read into any convenient memory medium 
(e.g., an optical disk). The advantage of reading an image into memory is 
that the information is now in a form that is free of the classical 
restraints of photographic embodiments. For example, age degradation of 
the photographic image can be for all practical purposes eliminated. 
Systematic manipulation (e.g., image reversal, hue alteration, etc.) of 
the image information that would be cumbersome or impossible to achieve in 
a controlled and reversible manner in a photographic element are readily 
achieved. The stored information can be retrieved from memory to modulate 
light exposures necessary to recreate the image as a photographic 
negative, slide or print at will. Alternatively, the image can be viewed 
as a video display or printed by a variety of techniques beyond the bounds 
of classical photography--e.g., xerography, ink jet printing, dye 
diffusion printing, etc. 
A number of other film constructions have been suggested particularly 
adapted for producing photographic images intended to be extracted by 
scanning: 
Kellogg et al U.S. Pat. No. 4,788,131 extracts image information from an 
imagewise exposed photographic element by emission from latent image sites 
of photographic elements held at extremely low temperatures. The required 
low temperatures are, of course, a deterrent to adopting this approach. 
Levine U.S. Pat. No. 4,777,102 relies on the differential between 
accumulated incident and transmitted light during scanning to measure the 
light unsaturation remaining in silver halide grains after exposure. This 
approach is unattractive, since the difference in light unsaturation 
between a silver halide grain that has not been exposed and one that 
contains a latent image may be as low as four photons and variations in 
grain saturation can vary over a very large range. 
Schumann et al U.S. Pat. No. 4,543,308 discloses, for electronic image 
recording in one or more colors, a photographic recording material 
comprising in at least one silver halide emulsion layer a compound capable 
of luminescence. The element is imagewise exposed and photographically 
processed to produce a latent luminescence image. The image information 
contained in the latent luminescence image is scanned and recorded 
electronically. In multicolor imaging it is contemplated to form separate 
latent luminescence images to represent each color record. The 
disadvantage of this approach is that luminescence images must be formed. 
When spectral sensitizing dyes are employed for this purpose, a preferred 
embodiment, the luminescence intensities that the spectral sensitizing 
dyes can generate is limited, since increasing spectral sensitizing dye 
concentrations beyond optimum levels is well recognized to desensitize 
silver halide emulsions. 
Light reflection during imagewise exposure is a recognized phenomenon that 
is usually unwanted. When exposing light passes through an emulsion layer 
unit of a silver halide photographic element and is then reflected back so 
that it passes through the emulsion layer unit twice, the result is an 
unsharp image and the effect is referred to as halation, since a bright 
object will often appear to be surrounded by a halo. The common approach 
to reducing unwanted reflection is to incorporate in a photographic 
element an antihalation layer that absorbs exposing light after it has 
passed through the emulsion layer unit or units to prevent reflection. 
Antihalation layers are removed or decolorized during processing and 
therefore have no role in viewing the image. Typical antihalation 
materials are set out in Research Disclosure, Vol. 308, December 1989, 
Item 308119, Section VIII, paragraph C, and their discharge 
(decolorization or solubilization) is addressed in paragraph D. Research 
Disclosure is published by Kenneth Mason Publications, Ltd., Dudley House, 
12 North St., Emsworth, Hampshire P010 7DQ, England. 
While exposure reflection is undesirable in reducing image sharpness, it 
has been used to advantage to increase speed. Yutzy and Carroll U.K. 
Patent 760,775 disclose using titania or zinc oxide in an undercoat 
beneath a silver halide emulsion layer unit to reflect from 40 to 90 
percent of the light received. Research Disclosure, Vol. 134, June 1975, 
Item 13452, discloses increasing photographic sensitivity by incorporating 
within or directly beneath an emulsion layer small reflective particles 
that scatter light. In FIG. 1 a relationship between particle size and 
light scattering is provided. Buhr et al Research Disclosure, Vol. 253, 
May 1985, Item 25330, discusses the transmission and reflection 
relationship between the thickness of tabular silver halide grains and the 
wavelength of light used for exposure. 
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
This invention has as its purpose to provide a method of extracting from a 
silver halide color photographic element independent image records 
representing imagewise exposures to the blue, green and red portions of 
the visible spectrum without forming dye images. More particularly, the 
invention is concerned with achieving this objective using color 
photographic film and photographic processing that are simplified as 
compared to that required for classical color photography. 
The present invention eliminates any need for dye image forming features in 
the photographic element construction. Further, the processing of the 
photographic elements is comparable to the simplicity of classical 
black-and-white photographic processing. Equally as important is that the 
simplifications can be realized by remaining within the bounds of proven 
film construction, processing and scanning capabilities. 
In one aspect the invention is directed to a method of obtaining from an 
imagewise exposed photographic element separate records of the imagewise 
exposure to each of the blue, green and red portions of the spectrum 
comprising (a) photographically processing an imagewise exposed 
photographic element comprised of a support and, coated on the support, a 
sequence of superimposed blue, green and red recording silver halide 
emulsion layer units that produce images of the same hue upon processing, 
one of the emulsion layer units forming a first emulsion layer unit in the 
sequence coated nearest the support, another of the emulsion layer units 
forming a last emulsion layer unit in the sequence coated farthest from 
the support and an intermediate emulsion layer unit located between the 
first and last emulsion layer units, and (b) obtaining separate blue, 
green and red exposure records from the photographic element, wherein (c) 
the photographic element is additionally comprised of, interposed between 
the first emulsion layer unit and the intermediate emulsion layer unit, a 
first interlayer unit for transmitting to the first emulsion layer unit 
electromagnetic radiation this emulsion layer unit is intended to record 
and, interposed between the last emulsion layer unit and the intermediate 
emulsion layer unit, a second interlayer unit for transmitting to the 
intermediate and first emulsion layer units electromagnetic radiation 
these emulsion layer units are intended to record, one of the first and 
second interlayer units being capable of absorbing electromagnetic 
radiation within at least one wavelength region and emitting 
electromagnetic radiation within a longer wavelength region and the 
remaining of the first and second interlayer units being capable of 
reflecting or absorbing electromagnetic radiation within at least one 
wavelength region, (d) the imagewise exposed photographic element is 
photographically processed to produce a silver image in each of the 
emulsion layer units, (e) the photographic element is scanned utilizing 
electromagnetic radiation emitted from one of the first and second 
interlayer units to provide a first record of the image information in one 
of the first and last emulsion layer units and is scanned utilizing 
reflection or absorption of the remaining of the first and second 
interlayer units to provide a second record of the image information in 
one other of the emulsion layer units, (f) the photographic element is 
scanned through the first and second interlayer units and all of the 
emulsion layer units to provide a third record representing a combination 
of images in all of the emulsion layer units, and (g) separate blue, green 
and red exposure records are obtained from the first, second and third 
records. 
In another aspect this invention is directed to a silver halide 
photographic element capable of being scanned for image information 
following imagewise exposure and photographic development and fixing 
comprised of a support and, coated on the support, a sequence of 
superimposed blue, green and red recording silver halide emulsion layer 
units that produce images of the same hue upon processing, one of the 
emulsion layer units forming a first emulsion layer unit in the sequence 
coated nearest the support, another of the emulsion layer units forming a 
last emulsion layer unit in the sequence coated farthest from the support, 
and an intermediate emulsion layer unit located between the first and last 
emulsion layer units, and a first interlayer unit coated between the first 
emulsion layer unit and the intermediate emulsion layer unit capable of 
transmitting to the first emulsion layer unit electromagnetic radiation 
this emulsion layer unit is intended to record and a second interlayer 
unit coated between the intermediate emulsion layer unit and the last 
emulsion layer unit capable of transmitting to the first and intermediate 
emulsion layer units electromagnetic radiation these emulsion layer units 
are intended to record, wherein following photographic development and 
fixing at least one of the interlayer units is absorptive in a scanning 
wavelength region and emits electromagnetic radiation within a longer 
wavelength region and the remaining interlayer unit is reflective or 
absorbing in a scanning wavelength region.

DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS 
The invention is directed to a photographic element particularly 
constructed to permit blue, green and red exposure records to be extracted 
by scanning and to a method of obtaining from the photographic element 
after imagewise exposure the blue, green and red exposure records. The 
photographic element is developed to produce silver images corresponding 
to blue, green and red exposures and fixed to remove silver halide grains 
in the exposure recording emulsion layer units that are not reduced to 
silver. Extraction and differentiation of the blue, green and red exposure 
image information is made possible by employing specifically constructed 
interlayer units between the emulsion layer units, obtaining one channel 
of information by a scan that penetrates all of the emulsion layer units 
and interlayer units (hereafter referred to as an overall scan) and 
utilizing the interlayer units to obtain two channels of information, 
where each channel of information is obtained by directing a scanning beam 
toward and receiving signal information from the same side of the 
photographic element (hereafter referred to as retroscanning). 
During one of the retroscanning steps absorption of electromagnetic 
radiation in one wavelength region from the scanning beam by one of the 
interlayer units results in emission of electromagnetic radiation in a 
longer wavelength region. For economy of expression each interlayer unit 
that absorbs scanning radiation and emits longer wavelength radiation is 
referred to simply as an emissive interlayer unit, since it is inherent 
that energy must first be absorbed before emission can occur. Emission 
from the interlayer unit is modulated by developed silver in the exposure 
recording emulsion layer unit or units the scanning beam penetrates. 
Developed silver absorption of the scanning beam before it reaches the 
emissive interlayer unit prevents emission from occurring in areas that 
contain developed silver, and the developed silver also intercepts and 
absorbs any emission from the interlayer unit that may be laterally 
directed into these areas. 
The remaining interlayer unit can be either reflective or absorptive. When 
the remaining interlayer unit is reflective, modulation of a scanning beam 
directed toward the interlayer unit by the emulsion layer unit or units 
the scanning beam penetrates is again performed by the developed silver. 
In areas in which the scanning beam does not encounter developed silver it 
is reflected from the interlayer unit for detection and recording. In 
other areas the scanning beam is intercepted and absorbed by the developed 
silver. This type of interlayer unit is hereinafter referred to as a 
reflective interlayer unit . 
When the remaining interlayer unit is absorptive, it can be an emissive 
interlayer unit of the type described above that absorbs electromagnetic 
radiation in one wavelength region and emits electromagnetic radiation in 
a longer wavelength region. When one or more emissive interlayer units are 
employed, it is immaterial whether the interlayer unit also exhibits 
significant reflectance. When the wavelengths of scanning radiation and 
emitted radiation are both within the detection bandwidth of the 
retroscan, reflection from the emissive interlayer unit can supplement the 
emission in providing a detection signal. When the wavelength shift 
between absorption and emission (the Stokes shift) is larger than the 
bandwidth of the detector, any reflected radiation may go undetected and 
perform no useful role in scanning. 
Instead of being an absorptive interlayer unit that is emissive (i.e., an 
emissive interlayer unit) the absorptive interlayer unit can be absorptive 
while exhibiting no emission or no significant emission within a detection 
bandwidth of interest. For economy of expression this type of interlayer 
unit construction is referred to as a passive absorptive interlayer unit, 
while the term absorptive interlayer unit is employed to designate passive 
absorptive and emissive interlayer units collectively. Using a passive 
absorptive interlayer unit for retroscanning the low levels of reflection 
from developed silver are used to provide scan image information. 
Developed silver absorbs most of the light it receives, but it is capable 
of reflecting a small percentage of that light, typically about 5 percent. 
When a reflective or emissive interlayer unit is employed as described 
above, light absorption by developed silver is sufficiently high and light 
reflection by developed silver is sufficiently low in relation to 
reflection or emission from the interlayer unit that the reflectance of 
developed silver is negligible and therefore ignored in the discussion. 
However, when the developed silver is scanned against an interlayer unit 
that neither reflects nor emits light, the low levels of reflectance from 
developed silver are sufficient to provide a detectable image. 
An important point to notice is that, regardless of which combination of 
interlayer units is chosen, both of the interlayer units must be capable 
of specularly transmitting radiation to the underlying emulsion layer unit 
or units during imagewise exposure. Further, both of the interlayer units 
must be penetrable by the scanning beam used for overall scanning through 
all emulsion layer units and interlayer units. 
When the light transmission requirements of the interlayer units are taken 
into account, it is apparent that each interlayer unit must be capable of 
specularly transmitting light within the spectral wavelength region or 
regions which underlying emulsion layer unit or units are intended to 
record. Both interlayer units must be capable of transmitting light within 
a common wavelength region during overall scanning. At least one 
interlayer unit must be capable of absorbing and emitting light during 
retroscanning, and the remaining interlayer unit must be capable of 
reflecting or absorbing (either passively or accompanied by emission) 
electromagnetic radiation from a scanning beam during retroscanning. 
Both the light transmission and absorption requirements of the passive 
absorptive interlayer unit can be readily achieved by dissolving or 
dispersing an appropriate dye or dye precursor in a conventional 
photographic vehicle. A simple construction is to employ a dye in the 
absorptive interlayer unit that exhibits minimal or near minimal 
absorption of light during imagewise exposure in the wavelength region or 
regions that the underlying emulsion layer unit or units are intended to 
record and that exhibits peak or near peak absorption in another 
wavelength region that is used for scanning. Another alternative is to 
employ a dye precursor that absorbs during imagewise exposure little, if 
any, of the light which the underlying emulsion layer unit or units are 
intended to record, with the dye precursor being converted after imagewise 
exposure to a dye exhibiting an absorption peak in a wavelength region in 
which retroscanning is conducted. Stated in a more quantitative way, the 
dye employed, whether preformed or formed in situ, is chosen to exhibit a 
half-peak absorption bandwidth that occupies the spectral region within 
which absorption for scanning is needed. Overall scanning can be conducted 
in a wavelength region within which the dye exhibits minimal or near 
minimal absorption--i.e., outside the half-peak absorption bandwidth of 
the dye. 
Achieving the light absorption requirements of the passive absorptive 
interlayer unit is compatible with retaining the specularly transmissive 
and non-reflective characteristics of conventional photographic element 
interlayer unit constructions. Preferred selections are from among a wide 
variety of dyes and dye precursors that have real component refractive 
indices essentially similar to the photographic layer vehicle in which 
they are dissolved or dispersed (e.g., preferably differing by &lt;.+-.0.2, 
most preferably &lt;.+-.0.1). 
A refractive index contains a real component, herein also referred to as a 
diffraction representing component, (n) that is related to light 
defraction and an imaginary component, herein also referred to as an 
absorption representing component, (ik) that is related to light 
absorption. For simplicity of expression subsequent references are to 
refractive index with the parenthetic term (n) and/or (ik) being used to 
indicate the component being discussed. Nonabsorbing materials (e.g., 
white and transparent materials) have no significant absorption 
representing component (ik). 
Given the performance criteria above the selection of photographic 
vehicles, dyes and dye precursors for forming the passive absorptive 
interlayer unit can be readily achieved by those familiar with silver 
halide photographic element construction. Conventional photographic 
vehicles are illustrated by Research Disclosure, Vol. 308, December 1989, 
Item 308119, Section IX, the disclosure of which is here incorporated by 
reference. Hydrophilic colloids, particularly gelatin and gelatin 
derivatives are preferred vehicle materials. The dye precursors are 
preferably selected from among conventional dye-forming couplers, such as 
those set out in Item 308119, Section VII, here incorporated by reference. 
Any preformed dye that remains stable through photographic development and 
fixing can be employed. Such dyes include, but are not limited to, the 
types of dyes, typically azo dyes, that are formed by coupling reactions 
(e.g., the type of dye that is conventionally formed during color 
development can be used as a preformed dye). To avoid refractive index (n) 
mismatches and hence light scattering it is preferred to avoid 
microcrystalline dyes in constructing the absorptive interlayer unit. 
To provide an interlayer unit that is efficiently reflective it is 
necessary that the reflection scanning beam encounter a phase boundary of 
two media whose refractive indices (n) differ by &gt;0.2, preferably at least 
0.4 and optimally at least 1.0. The simplest way of satisfying this 
requirement is to create a two phase interlayer unit in which a discrete 
phase having a refractive index (n.sub.d) is dispersed in a continuous 
phase having a refractive index (n.sub.c), where the difference between 
n.sub.d and n.sub.c is &gt;0.2, preferably .gtoreq.0.4 and optimally 
.gtoreq.1.0. The continuous phase preferably takes the form of a 
conventional photographic vehicle noted above. Gelatin, a typical 
photographic vehicle with a typical refractive index, is disclosed by 
James The Theory of the Photographic Process, 4th Ed., Macmillan, New 
York, 1977, p. 579, FIG. 20.2, to have a refractive index (n) ranging from 
1.55 to 1.53 within the visible spectrum. Gases have refractive indices 
(n) of 1.0. One technique for creating a reflective interlayer unit is to 
disperse gas discretely in the interlayer unit. This can easily be 
accomplished by incorporating conventional hollow beads in a photographic 
vehicle. Since organic polymers generally and those commonly used to form 
hollow beads in particular have refractive indices that differ from that 
of gelatin by &lt;.+-.0.1, it is apparent that the preferred .gtoreq.0.4 
refractive index (n) difference between the gas and the surrounding bead 
walls for efficient reflection is readily achieved. When inorganics are 
employed for bead construction, even larger refractive index (n) 
differences are available. 
In a simpler construction the discrete phase can be provided by solid 
inorganic particles. A wide variety of inorganic particles compatible with 
silver halide photographic elements are available having a refractive 
index (n) of greater than 1.0 and, more typically, greater than 2.0. For 
example, Marriage U.K. Patent 504,283, April 21, 1939, the disclosure of 
which is here incorporated by reference, discloses mixing with silver 
halide emulsions inorganic particles having refractive indices of "not 
less than about 1.75." Marriage discloses the oxide and basic salts of 
bismuth, such as the basic chloride or bromide or other insoluble bismuth 
compounds (refractive indices, n, about 1.9); the dioxides of titanium 
(n=2.7), zirconium (n=2.2), hafnium or tin (n=2.0), calcium titanate 
(n=2.4), zirconium silicate (n=1.95), and zinc oxide (n=2.2) as well as 
cadmium oxide, lead oxide and some white silicates. Yutzy and Carroll U.K. 
Patent 760,775, cited above and here incorporated by reference, also 
discloses barium sulfate (baryta). It is also recognized that silver 
halide grains are capable of providing the refractive index (n) 
differences required for reflection. 
A number of approaches are available for providing an interlayer unit or 
interlayer units satisfying scanning reflectance requirements as well as 
the requirement of substantially specular transmission during imagewise 
exposure and during the overall scan. 
A starting point is to recognize that the silver halide emulsions used for 
photographic imaging contain grains that exhibit significant light 
scattering. The light scattering of latent image forming silver halide 
grains as compared to Lippmann emulsions, which have grains too small for 
useful latent image formation, typically 0.05 micrometer (.mu.m), is well 
known. It is possible to employ an interlayer unit that is as specularly 
transmissive as a conventional silver halide emulsion layer while at the 
same time obtaining reflectances that exceed minimum requirements for 
scanning. As discussed in detail below, it is in fact possible to employ 
in the interlayer unit silver halide grains for light scattering that are 
capable of remaining after fixing has removed silver halide grains from 
the emulsion layer units used for recording imagewise exposure. While it 
is generally preferred that a minimum reflection efficiency of about 10 
percent be exhibited by each reflective interlayer unit, it is recognized 
that increasing the reflection scanning beam intensity can be used to 
compensate for reflection inefficiencies. 
To improve transmission and/or reflection characteristics of a reflective 
interlayer unit wavelength regions for exposure, overall scanning and 
reflection scanning can be selected such that the refractive index (n) 
differences in the region of reflection scanning are greater than 
refractive index (n) differences in wavelength regions intended to 
transmit imagewise exposure and/or overall scanning light. This is 
possible because refractive indices vary as a function of wavelength. For 
example, James, FIG. 20.2, noted above, plots the refractive indices (n) 
of AgCl , AgBr and AgI relative to the refractive index (n) of gelatin 
over the visible spectrum, showing that the differences decrease with 
increasing wavelengths. This suggests performing the overall scan in the 
infrared region of the spectrum and performing the reflection scan in the 
blue region of the spectrum when silver halide grains are relied upon for 
the refractive index (n) difference in the reflective interlayer unit. 
Although different wavelength region selections may be dictated, the same 
principles apply to other discrete phase reflective interlayer unit 
materials. Scanning wavelength selections as described are fully 
compatible with other approaches for rationalizing reflection and 
transmission characteristics. 
An approach that is effective to improve the specularity of transmission 
during imagewise exposure through the interlayer unit relied upon for 
reflection during scanning is to form the discrete phase after imagewise 
exposure has occurred and before scanning. For example, the formation of 
titania particles in situ during photographic processing under alkaline 
conditions, which are required for development, in a photographic element 
containing titanyl oxalate is taught in Research Disclosure, Vol. 111, 
July 1973, Item 11128, the disclosure of which is here incorporated by 
reference. The metal salt of the organic acid as initially coated exhibits 
a refractive index approximating that of the photographic vehicle in which 
it is coated, whereas the subsequently formed titania has a refractive 
index (n) of &gt;2.0. Additionally, Marriage U.K. Patent 504,283, 
incorporated by reference above, discloses similar procedures for forming 
the reflective particles within the emulsion layers. Although Marriage 
contemplates forming the particles before imagewise exposure, the same 
principles can be used to form the particles after imagewise exposure. 
It is also possible to employ wavelength dependent effects to maximize or 
minimize reflection within a selected wavelength region. By controlled 
dimensional choices of the particles forming the discrete phase of the 
reflective layer reflection can be maximized or minimized in a selected 
wavelength region. Although reflection maxima and minima have been 
observed with particles of many different compositions, the most 
convenient particles to employ in photographic element construction are 
silver halide grains, since controlling the size, size-frequency 
distribution (dispersity) and shape of silver halide grains has been 
extensively studied. Grain dispersity is often characterized using the 
terms "monodispersed" or "polydispersed". The latter term typically refers 
to a broad log normal (Gaussian) size-frequency distribution of grains and 
is here applied to any grain size distribution that is not monodispersed. 
The term "monodispersed" refers to a more restricted size-frequency 
distribution and is typically and herein employed to indicate a 
size-frequency distribution that exhibits a coefficient of variation (COV) 
based on grain size (equivalent circular diameter or ECD) of less than 20 
percent, where COV.sub.ECD is the standard deviation of the grain size 
distribution divided by the mean grain ECD and multiplied by 100. The 
equivalent circular diameter of a grain is the diameter of a circle having 
the same projected area as the grain. 
As demonstrated by Research Disclosure, Item 13452, cited above and here 
incorporated by reference, monodispersed nontabular silver halide grains 
exhibit well defined reflectance maxima in the visible region of the 
spectrum when mean grain sizes (ECD's) are in the range of from 0.1 to 0.6 
.mu.m. For example, to obtain maximum reflectance in the blue region of 
the spectrum monodispersed nontabular silver halide grains having a mean 
ECD in the range of from about 0.1 to 0.3 .mu.m represent an excellent 
choice. These grains exhibit relatively low levels of reflectance in the 
green, red and near infrared regions of the spectrum. For maximum red 
reflectance monodispersed nontabular silver halide grains having a mean 
ECD in the range of from about 0.5 to 0.8 .mu.m represent an excellent 
choice. Monodispersed nontabular silver halide grains of intermediate 
ECD's ranging from 0.3 to 0.5 .mu.m can be selected for maximum green 
reflectance. 
Another approach for constructing a spectrally selective reflective 
interlayer unit is to employ as the discrete particulate phase silver 
halide grains wherein greater than 90 percent of the total grain projected 
area is accounted for by tabular grains having a mean ECD greater than 0.4 
.mu.m and a mean tabular grain thickness (t) in the range of from 0.07 to 
0.2 .mu.m and a tabular grain coefficient of variation based on thickness 
(COV.sub.t) of less than 15 percent. Within these selection criteria 
tabular grains with mean thicknesses in the range of from about 0.12 to 
0.20 .mu.m exhibit maximum levels of blue reflectance while exhibiting 
minimal reflectance in the green or red region of the spectrum. Tabular 
grains with mean thicknesses in the range of from about 0.10 to 0.12 .mu.m 
exhibit maximum reflectances in the red region of the spectrum with 
significantly lower reflectances in the green region of the spectrum. 
Tabular grains with mean thicknesses in the range of 0.07 to 0.10 .mu.m 
exhibit maximum reflectances in the red and green regions of the spectrum. 
Tabular grain emulsions satisfying these selection criteria and their 
preparation are disclosed by Nakamura et al U.S. Pat. No. 5,096,806 and 
Tsaur et al U.S. Pat. No. 5,147,771, 5,147,772, 5,147,773 and 5,171,771, 
the disclosures of which are here incorporated by reference. 
To rely on silver halide grains to reflect light during reflection scanning 
it is, of course, necessary to employ grains that are capable of remaining 
in the photographic element following photographic development and fixing. 
Development is required to form an image. Fixing is undertaken to remove 
undeveloped silver halide grains from the exposure recording emulsion 
layer units, thereby avoiding unwanted reflections from within these 
layers during overall scanning. Although it is possible that fixing could 
be eliminated by selection of all the silver halide grain populations in 
the photographic element to satisfy the optical criteria required for 
efficient scanning, it is preferred to remove the grain populations of the 
image recording emulsion layer units before scanning, thereby allowing the 
full range of image recording emulsion layer unit constructions employed 
in conventional multicolor photographic elements. 
For photographic imaging cubic crystal lattice silver halide grains are 
almost universally employed for latent image formation. (The cubic crystal 
lattice should not be confused with the overall grain shape, which may be 
but most frequently is not cubic.) Silver ions in combination with all 
relative proportions of chloride and bromide ions form cubic crystal 
lattices. A minor amount of iodide ions, ranging up to about 40 mole 
percent for silver bromoiodide emulsions, can be accommodated within the 
cubic crystal lattice. 
High iodide (&gt;90 mole percent iodide, based on silver) silver halide grains 
(typically available in the crystalline forms of .beta. and .gamma. phase 
silver iodide) exhibit solubilities that are approximately two orders of 
magnitude lower than those of silver bromide and approximately four orders 
of magnitude lower than those of silver chloride. Since high iodide grains 
are known to respond to development only under a few selected conditions 
and are much less soluble than latent image forming cubic crystal lattice 
grains, high iodide grains represent one preferred grain choice for 
construction of the reflective interlayer units. 
Another approach is to employ cubic crystal lattice silver halide grains 
that are surface passivated (i.e., resistant to development and fixing) in 
the reflective interlayer units. Surface passivation can be achieved by 
modifying the grain or its surface boundary to prevent development and 
fixing. Grains that form internal latent images are nondevelopable in a 
surface developer (a developer lacking a significant level of solvent or 
iodide ion), and this represents one available approach to preventing 
development. Another well known technique for preventing the photographic 
response of a silver halide grain is to adsorb a desensitizer to its 
surface. Examples of dyes that desensitize negative-working silver halide 
emulsions are set in Research Disclosure, Item 308119, cited above, 
Section IV., sub-section A, paragraph G, while non-dye desensitizers are 
disclosed in Section IV, sub-section B, the disclosures of which are here 
incorporated by reference. Shelling cubic crystal lattice silver halide 
grains with silver iodide represent an effective approach to surface 
passivation. Surface passivation can also be achieved by adsorbing to the 
grain surfaces carbazole, tetraalkyl quaternary ammonium salts containing 
at least one long (&gt;10 carbon atoms) chain alkyl group, a cyclic thiourea 
or bis[2-(5-mercapto)-1,3,4-thiadiazolyl]sulfide, based on solubilization 
resistance to alkali thiosulfate fixing, with and without light exposure, 
reported by A. B. Cohen et al, "Photosolubilization of Silver Halides II. 
Organic Reactants", Photographic Science and Engineering, Vol. 9, No. 2, 
March-April 1965, pp. 96-103, the disclosure of which is here incorporated 
by reference. Because the adsorbed species relied upon for surface 
passivation adsorb tightly to the grain surfaces and exhibit low 
solubilities (i.e., silver salt solubility product constants &lt;10.sup.-12 
and preferably less than 10.sup.-14), it is possible to surface passivate 
the interlayer unit silver halide grains without objectionably affecting 
the photographic performance of the silver halide grains in the image 
recording emulsion layer units. 
It is, of course, recognized that the discrete phase of the reflective 
interlayer unit, though carefully selected to satisfy all of the criteria 
set forth above, may nevertheless be unattractive for use if it absorbs a 
high percentage of light in the wavelength region of reflection scanning. 
For example, developed silver exhibits a refractive index (n) of 0.075 and 
therefore satisfies the preferred refractive index (n) difference of 
.gtoreq.0.4 when dispersed in gelatin. However, the absorption related 
component (ik) of the refractive index in the visible spectrum (400 to 700 
nm) of silver is quite high, as is to be expected, since it appears black. 
The absorption related component (ik) of the refractive index of silver 
ranges from 2 to 4.6 in the visible spectrum. While it is possible to 
construct a reflective interlayer unit of any material that exhibits a 
reflection distinguishably larger than the low reflectivity of imagewise 
developed silver, it is preferred to choose discrete phase materials of 
low absorptions in reflection scanning wavelength regions. It is generally 
preferred that the absorption related component (ik) of the refractive 
index of discrete phase components of the reflective interlayer units be 
less than 0.01 in the wavelength region of reflection scanning. 
In Table I below the diffraction related (n) and absorption related (ik) 
components of the refractive index of discrete phase materials preferred 
for use in the reflective interlayer units as well as those of silver are 
set out. 
TABLE I 
______________________________________ 
Discrete Wavelengths 
Phase n ik (nm) 
______________________________________ 
TiO.sub.2 
2.6-2.9 &lt;0.001 400-700 
BaSO.sub.4 
1.64 &lt;0.001 400-700 
AgCl 2.05-2.1 &lt;0.001 400-700 
AgBr 2.22-2.38 &lt;0.005 400-700 
AgI 2.15-2.3 0.005 450-700 
Ag.sup.o 0.075 2-4.6 400-700 
______________________________________ 
It is, of course, possible to utilize light absorption by a reflective 
interlayer unit to advantage. For example, if the reflective interlayer 
unit overlies one or more emulsion layer units provided to record green or 
red light exposures but also exhibiting significant unwanted native 
sensitivity to blue light and if the interlayer unit is reflection scanned 
outside the blue region of the spectrum, choosing a reflective interlayer 
unit that absorbs blue light is advantageous in protecting the underlying 
emulsion layer unit or units from unwanted blue exposure and does not 
diminish the reflectivity of the interlayer unit when scanned outside the 
blue region of the spectrum. Silver iodide and silver bromoiodide are 
examples of discrete phase choices for the interlayer unit. Referring to 
Table I above, silver iodide is noted to have a low absorption related 
component in the green and red (500 to 700 nm) regions of the spectrum. 
However, the absorption related component (ik) of the refractive index of 
silver iodide rises steeply in shifting toward wavelengths of &lt;450 nm. 
In the discussion above the reflective interlayer unit has been described 
as being unitary--that is, of the same composition throughout its 
thickness. In one preferred form of the invention the reflective 
interlayer unit is a composite interlayer unit comprised of two 
sub-layers, one sub-layer being relied upon for reflection and the second 
being relied upon for absorption. The reflective sub-layer can be 
identical to any of the unitary reflective interlayer units previously 
described. This sub-layer is located to receive light during reflection 
scanning prior to the absorptive sub-layer. The absorptive sub-layer can 
be constructed as described above in connection with the absorptive 
interlayer units. Although the absorptive sub-layer can perform other 
useful functions, a primary function that the absorptive sub-layer 
performs is to enhance the quality of the image information obtained 
during the reflection scan utilizing reflection from the reflective 
sub-layer. This is accomplished by minimizing or eliminating penetration 
of the reflecting interlayer unit by the reflection scanning beam. If a 
portion of the reflection scanning beam penetrates the reflective 
interlayer unit, it may be reflected at one or more underlying interlayers 
and returned to the reflection scan detector to degrade the image record 
sought to be determined. Alternatively, it may produce unwanted excitation 
of another interlayer, again degrading the image record sought to be 
determined. Except for the additional capability of absorbing light from 
the reflection scanning beam that is not reflected the composite 
reflective interlayer unit is identical in its performance properties to 
the unitary reflective interlayer unit elsewhere described. 
In one preferred form of the invention the absorptive sub-layer of the 
reflective interlayer unit can provide a uniform distribution of silver to 
absorb light. A simple way of accomplishing this is to form the absorptive 
sub-layer of a spontaneously developable silver halide emulsion, 
preferably one chosen so that the silver halide grains exhibit minimum 
scattering of exposing radiation. For example, the absorptive sub-layer 
can contain a Lippmann emulsion during imagewise exposure of the 
photographic element. The silver halide grains of the Lippmann emulsion 
are too small to scatter light to any significant degree during exposure. 
During photographic processing the Lippmann emulsion grains can be 
uniformly reduced to silver. This can be achieved by surface fogging the 
Lippmann emulsion grains before coating or by incorporating a conventional 
immobile (ballasted or grain-adsorbed) nucleating agent in the Lippmann 
emulsion layer. Examples of hydrazine and hydrazide nucleating agents, a 
preferred class of nucleating agents, are provided in Research Disclosure, 
Vol. 235, November 1983, Item 23510, and Vol. 151, November 1976, Item 
15162, the disclosures of which is here incorporated by reference. 
In constructing emissive interlayer units emissive components (e.g., dyes 
or pigments) are dissolved or dispersed in a conventional photographic 
vehicle. Except for the emissive component, the emissive interlayer unit 
construction can be similar to that of the reflective or passive 
absorptive interlayer units described above. The emissive component can be 
substituted for the dye or dye precursor in the passive absorptive 
interlayer unit construction. In the reflective interlayer unit 
construction the emissive component can be substituted for the discrete 
phase component or, to immobilize the emissive component, adsorbed to the 
particle surfaces of the discrete phase component. 
As has been noted above, reflection from the emissive interlayer unit 
during retroscanning can be used to advantage. The same approaches 
described above for the passive absorptive and unitary reflective 
interlayer unit constructions can be employed to minimize light scatter 
during imagewise exposure and overall scanning. To minimize light scatter 
it is preferred that the emissive component be dissolved in the 
photographic vehicle or blended in a photographic vehicle of similar 
refractive index (e.g., emissive component and vehicle real component 
refractive indices differing by &lt;.+-.0.2, most preferably &lt;.+-.0.1). When 
the emissive component is dispersed as solid particles, particularly when 
the emissive component and vehicle refractive indices (n) differ 
significantly, it is preferred to select particle sizes to minimize light 
scatter. The size selections as a function of light wavelength discussed 
above for silver halide particles can also be applied to reflective 
emissive component particles. 
The emissive components of the emissive interlayer units of the invention 
can be selected from among a wide variety of materials known to absorb 
light in a selected wavelength region and to emit light in a longer 
wavelength region. In Table II examples of preferred emissive components 
are provided. The spectral regions are indicated within which peak 
absorption (excitation) (Exc) and peak emission (Em) are located, where UV 
indicates the near ultraviolet (300 to 400 nm) spectral region and NIR 
indicates the near infrared (preferably 700 to 900 nm) spectral region. 
Where two spectral regions are indicated (e.g., UV/Blue) the half-peak 
bandwidth traverses the shared boundary of the spectral regions. 
TABLE II 
______________________________________ 
EC-1 p-Quaterphenyl 
(Exc UV, Em UV) 
EC-2 2-(1-Naphtyl)-5-phenyloxazole 
(Exc UV, Em UV/Blue) 
EC-3 2,2'-p-Phenylenebis(5-phenyloxazole) 
(Exc UV, Em Blue) 
EC-4 2,2'-p-Phenylenebis(4-methyl-5- 
phenyloxazole) (Exc UV, Em Blue) 
EC-5 7-Amino-4-methyl-2-quinolinol 
(Exc UV, Em Blue) 
EC-6 7-Dimethylamino-4-methylcarbostyril 
(Exc UV, Em Blue) 
EC-7 p-Bis(o-methylstyryl)benzene 
(Exc UV, Em Blue) 
EC-8 7-Diethylamino-4-methylcoumarin 
(Exc UV, Em Blue) 
EC-9 4,6-Dimethyl-7-ethylaminocoumarin 
(Exc UV, Em Blue) 
EC-10 4-Methylumbelliferone 
(Exc UV, Em Blue) 
EC-11 7-Amino-4-methylcoumarin 
(Exc UV, Em Blue) 
EC-12 7-Dimethylaminocyclopenta[c]coumarin 
(Exc UV, Em Blue) 
EC-13 7-Amino-4-trifluoromethylcoumarin 
(Exc UV, Em Blue) 
EC-14 4-Methyl-7-(sulfomethylamino)coumarin, 
sodium salt (Exc UV, Em Blue) 
EC-15 7-Dimethylamino-4-methylcoumarin 
(Exc UV, Em Blue) 
EC-16 4-Methylpiperidino[3,2-g]coumarin 
(Exc UV, Em Blue) 
EC-17 Tris(1-phenyl-1,3-butanedionol)terbium(III) 
(Exc UV, Em Green) 
EC-18 2-(2-Hydroxyphenyl)benzoxazole 
(Exc UV, Em Green) 
EC-19 2-(2-Tosylaminophenyl)-4H-3,1-benzoxazin-4- 
one (Exc UV, Em Green) 
EC-20 Europium (III) thenoyltrifluoroacetonate, 
3-hydrate (Exc UV, Em Red) 
EC-21 5-(4-Dimethylaminobenzylidene) barbituric 
acid (Exc UV, Em Red) 
EC-22 .alpha.-Benzoyl-4-dimethylaminocinnamonitrile 
(Exc UV, Em Red) 
EC-23 Nonyl 4-[4-(2-benzoxazolyl)styryl]benzoate 
(Exc UV/Blue, Em Blue) 
EC-24 7-Dimethylamino-4-trifluoromethylcoumarin 
(Exc UV/Blue, Em Green) 
EC-25 4-Trifluoromethylpiperidino[3,2-g]coumarin 
(Exc UV/Blue, Em Green) 
EC-26 2,2'-Dihydroxy-1,1'-naphthaldiazine 
(Exc UV/Blue, Em Green) 
EC-27 1,2,4,5,3H,6H,10H-Tetrahydro-9-carbeth- 
oxy(1)benzopyrano(9,9a,1-g)quinolizin-10- 
one (Exc Blue, Em Blue/Green) 
EC-28 9-Acetyl-1,2,45,-3H,6H,10H-tetrahydrol[1]- 
benzopyrano(9,9a,1-gh)quinolizin-10-one 
(Exc Blue, Em Green) 
EC-29 9-Cyano-1,2,4,5,-3H,6H,10H-tetrahydrol[1]- 
benzopyrano(9,9a,1-gh)quinolizin-10-one 
(Exc Blue, Em Green) 
EC-30 9-(tert-Butoxycarbonyl)-1,2,4,5-3H,6H,10H- 
tetrahydro[1]benzopyrano(9,9a,1-gh)quino- 
lizin-10-one (Exc Blue, Em Blue/Green) 
EC-31 7-Amino-3-phenylcoumarin 
(Exc UV/Blue, Em Blue/Green) 
EC-32 7-Diethylamino-4-trifluoromethylcoumarin 
(Exc UV/Blue, Em Blue/Green) 
EC-33 2,3,5,6-1H,4H-Tetrahydro-8-methylquinol- 
azino[9,9a,1-gh]coumarin 
(Exc UV/Blue, Em Blue/Green) 
EC-34 3-(2'-Benzothiazolyl)-7-diethylamino- 
coumarin (Exc Blue, Em Green) 
EC-35 3-(2'-Benzimidazolyl)-7-N,N-diethylamino- 
coumarin (Exc Blue, Em Green) 
EC-36 3-(2'-N-Methylbenzimidazolyl)-7-N,N- 
diethylaminocoumarin (Exc Blue, Em Green) 
EC-37 1,2,4,5,3H,6H,10H-Tetrahydro-8-trifluoro- 
methyl(1)benzopyrano(9,9a,1-gh)quinolizin- 
10-one (Exc Blue, Em Green) 
EC-38 7-Ethylamino-6-methyl-4-trifluoromethyl- 
coumarin (Exc Blue, Em Green) 
EC-39 9-Carboxy-1,2,4,5-3H,6H,10H-tetrahydro[1]- 
benzopyrano(9,91,1-g)quinolizin-10-one 
(Exc Blue, Em Green) 
EC-40 N-Ethyl-4-trifluoromethylpiperidino[3,2- 
g]coumarin (Exc Blue, Em Green) 
EC-41 8-Hydroxy-1,3,6-pyrene-trisulfonic acid, 
trisodium salt (Exc Blue, Em Green) 
EC-42 3-Methoxybenzanthrone 
(Exc Blue, Em Green) 
EC-43 4'-Methoxy-1,8-naphthyolene-1',2'- 
benzimidazole (Exc Blue, Em Green) 
EC-44 4-(Dicyanomethylene)-2-methyl-6-(p- 
dimethylaminostyryl)-4H-pyran 
(Exc Blue, Em Red) 
EC-45 N-Salicylidene-4-dimethylaminoaniline (Exc 
Blue, Em Red) 
EC-46 9-(o-Carboxyphenyl)-2,7-dichloro-6-hydroxy- 
3H-xanthen-3-one (Exc Blue/Green, Em Green) 
EC-47 Methyl o-(6-amino-3-imino-3H-xanthen-9- 
yl)benzoate monohydrochloride 
(Exc Green, Em Green) 
EC-48 o-(6-Amino-3-imino)-3H-xanthen-9-yl)benzoic 
acid hydrochloride (Exc Green, Em Green) 
EC-49 o-[6-(Methylamino)-3-(methylimino)-3H- 
xanthen-9-yl]benzoic acid (Exc Green, Em 
Green) 
EC-50 o-[6-(Ethylamino)-3-(ethylimino)-2,7- 
dimethyl-3H-xanthen-9-yl-]benzoic acid (Exc 
Green, Em Green) 
EC-51 Ethyl o-[6-(ethylamino)-3-(ethylimino)-2,7- 
dimethyl-3H-xanthen-9-yl-]benzoate 
perchlorate (Exc Green, Em Green/Red) 
EC-52 Ethyl o-[6-(ethylamino)-3-(ethylimino)-2,7- 
dimethyl-3H-xanthen-9-yl]benzoate 
tetrafluoroborate (Exc Green, Em Green/Red) 
EC-53 [6-(Diethylamino)-3H-xanthen-3-yl]diethyl- 
ammonium perchlorate (Exc Green, Em Red) 
EC-55 [9-(o-Carboxyphenyl)-6-(diethylamino)-3H- 
xanthen-3-ylidene]diethylammonium chloride 
(Exc Green, Em Red) 
EC-56 o-[6-(Dimethylamino)-3-(dimethylimino)-3H- 
xanthen-9-yl]benzoic acid perchlorate 
(Exc Green, Em Red) 
EC-57 3-Ethyl-2-[5-(3-ethyl-2-benzoxazolinyli- 
dene-1,3-pentadienyl]benzoxazolium iodide 
(Exc Green, Em Red/NIR) 
EC-58 5,9-Diaminobenzo(a)phenoxazonium 
perchlorate (Exc Green/Red, Em Red/NIR) 
EC-59 N-{6-(Diethylamino)-9-[2- 
(ethoxycarbonyl)phenyl-3H-xanthen-3- 
ylidene}-N-ethylethanaminium perchlorate 
(Exc Green, Em Red) 
EC-60 3-(diethylamino)-6-(diethylimino)-9-(2,4- 
disulfophenyl)xanthylium hydroxide, inner 
salt (Exc Green, Em Red) 
EC-61 8-(2,4-Disulfophenyl)-2,3,5,6,11,12,14,15- 
1H,4H,10H,13H-octahydrodiuinol- 
izino[9,9a,1-bc;9,9a,1-hi]xanthanylium 
hydroxide inner salt 
(Exc Green, Em Red/NIR) 
EC-62 3,7-Bis(ethylamino)-2,8-dimethyl- 
phenoxazin-5-ium perchlorate (Exc 
Green/Red, Em Red/NIR) 
EC-63 3,7-Bis(diethylamino)phenoxazonium 
perchlorate (Exc Red, Em Red/NIR) 
EC-64 9-Ethylamino-5-ethylimino-10-methyl-5H- 
benzo(a)phenoxazonium perchlorate 
(Exc Red, Em Red/NIR) 
EC-65 1-Phenyl-5-(4-methoxyphenyl)-3-(1,8- 
naphtholene-1',2'-benzimidazolyl-4)-2- 
pyrazoline (Exc Green, Em Red/NIR) 
EC-66 5-Amino-9-diethylaminobenzyl[a]phenox- 
azolium perchlorate (Exc Red, Em Red) 
EC-67 Ethyl-1-[5-(3-ethyl-2-benzothiazolinyli- 
dene)-1,3-pentadienyl]benzothiazolium 
iodide (Exc Red, Em NIR) 
EC-68 3-Ethyl-2-[7-(3-ethyl-2-benzoxazolinyli- 
dene)-1,3,5-heptatrienyl]benzoxazolium 
iodide (Exc Red, Em NIR) 
EC-69 1,1'-Diethyl-4,4'-carbocyanine iodide 
(Exc Red/NIR, Em NIR) 
EC-70 2-[5-(1,3-Dihydro-1,3,3-trimethyl-2H-indol- 
2-ylidene)-1,3-pentadienyl]-1,3,3- 
trimethyl-3H-indolium iodide 
(Exc Red, Em NIR) 
EC-71 2-[7-(1,3-Dihydro-1,3,3-trimethyl-2indol- 
2-ylidene)-1,3,5-heptatrienyl]-1,3,3- 
trimethyl-3indolium perchlorate (Exc 
Red/NIR, Em NIR) 
EC-72 2-[7-(1,3-Dihydro-1,3,3-trimethyl-2H-indol- 
2-ylidene)-1,3,5-heptatrienyl]-1,3,3- 
trimethyl-3H-indolium iodide 
(Exc Red/NIR, Em NIR) 
EC-73 3-Ethyl-2-[7-(3-ethyl-2-benzothiazo- 
linylidene)-1,3,5-heptatrienyl]benzothi- 
azolium iodide (Exc Red/NIR, Em NIR) 
EC-74 3-Ethyl-2-[7-(3-ethyl-2-benzothiazo- 
linylidene)-1,3,5-heptatrienyl]benzothi- 
azolium perchlorate (Exc Red/NIR, Em NIR) 
EC-75 IR-144 (Exc Red/NIR, Em NIR) 
EC-76 1,1',3,3,3',3'-Hexamethyl-4,4',5,5'- 
dibenzo-2,2'-indotricarbocyanine 
perchlorate (Exc Red/NIR, Em NIR) 
EC-77 5,5'-Dichloro-11-diphenylamino-3,3'- 
diethyl-10,12-ethylenethiatricarbo-cyanine 
perchlorate (Exc Red/NIR, Em NIR) 
EC-78 Anhydro-11-(4-ethoxycarboylpiperazin-1-yl)- 
10,12-ethylene-3,3,3',3'-tetramethyl-1,1'- 
bis(3-sulfopropyl)-4,5,4',5'-dibenzoindo- 
tricarbocyanine hydroxide triethylamine 
salt (Exc Red/NIR, Em NIR) 
EC-79 3,3'-Di(3-acetoxypropyl)-11-diphenyl-amino- 
10,12-ethylene-5,6,5' ,6'-dibenzothiatri- 
carbocyanine perchlorate 
(Exc Red/NIR, Em NIR) 
EC-80 Anhydro-1,1-dimethyl-2-(7-[1,1-dimethyl-3- 
(4-sulfobutyl)-2-(1H)-benz(e)indolinyl- 
idene]-1,3,5-heptatrienyl}-3-(4-sulfo- 
butyl)-1H-benz(e)indolium hydroxide sodium 
salt (Exc Red/NIR, Em NIR) 
______________________________________ 
In contrast to the image pattern of emissive components of Shumann et al 
U.S. Pat. No. 4,543,308, cited above, the emissive components are chosen 
to be retained uniformly in the emissive interlayer unit following 
imagewise exposure and photographic processing of the photographic 
element. The most convenient approach is to employ emissive components 
dissolved in high boiling water-immiscible solvents dispersed in an 
aqueous hydrophilic colloid solution. Alternatively, a dispersion of solid 
emissive components can be used. The high boiling solvents may be those 
solvents known for preparing dispersions of color couplers and generally 
referred to a coupler solvents. Emissive components that are soluble in 
nonaqueous media can in many instances be incorporated into the types of 
polymeric lattices commonly employed as vehicle extenders in photographic 
vehicles. Vehicle extenders are disclosed in Research Disclosure, Item 
308119, cited above, Section IX, paragraphs B and C, here incorporated by 
reference. It is also possible to introduce insoluble emissive components 
into the emissive interlayer unit as particles. When the emissive 
particles exhibit refractive indices (n) that differ from those of the 
coating vehicle by &lt;.+-.0.2 and preferably &lt;.+-.0.1, the emissive 
interlayer unit exhibits acceptable specular transmission during imagewise 
exposure independent of the particle sizes selected. When the refractive 
indices of the emissive component particles and the surrounding vehicle 
differ by &gt;.+-.0.2, it is preferred to maintain particle sizes within the 
size ranges described above for minimizing light scattering by silver 
halide grains. When the chromophoric portion of an emissive component 
exhibits significant solubility in photographic processing solutions, 
wandering of the emissive component from the emissive interlayer unit can 
be prevented by synthetically attaching a ballasting group of the type 
commonly found in incorporated dye-forming couplers to minimize mobility. 
Ionic emissive components can also be immobilized by associating the 
emissive component with a polymeric mordant. A variety of polymeric 
mordants useful in immobilizing dyes in photographic elements are 
disclosed in Research Disclosure, Item 15162, cited above, the disclosure 
of which is here incorporated by reference. 
Just as the reflective interlayer unit can be either a uniform reflective 
interlayer unit or a composite reflective interlayer unit it is also 
contemplated that the emissive interlayer unit can be either a unitary 
emissive interlayer unit of the structure described above of uniform 
composition throughout its thickness or a composite emissive interlayer 
unit. When the emissive interlayer unit is a composite emissive interlayer 
unit, it is comprised of an emissive sub-layer identical to the unitary 
emissive interlayer unit construction described above and an absorptive 
sub-layer. The absorptive sub-layer can take the same form as the 
absorptive sub-layer of the reflective interlayer unit described above and 
can perform the same functions. When the photographic element to be 
scanned contains two emissive interlayer units that are both excited 
(absorb) within one spectral region of scanning and that emit in the same 
or overlapping spectral wavelength regions, it is preferred that one or 
both of the emissive interlayer units be constructed as composite 
interlayer units. The absorptive sub-layer or sub-layers by being chosen 
to absorb light within the half peak bandwidth of retroscanning optically 
isolate the emissive interlayer units so that the retroscan of one 
emissive interlayer unit does not excite unwanted emission from the 
remaining emissive interlayer unit. It is alternatively possible to match 
the half peak absorption bandwidth of the absorptive sub-layer to the half 
peak absorption bandwidth of the emissive interlayer unit from which 
emission is not sought during scanning. In this construction the 
absorptive sub-layer does not prevent two emissive interlayer units from 
being simultaneously excited to emit, but rather functions to intercept 
emission from one of the emissive interlayer units, thereby minimizing or 
eliminating detection during retroscanning. Although the invention is 
generally described below in terms of unitary emissive interlayer units 
with composite emissive interlayer unit constructions being described only 
in connection with certain preferred embodiments, it is to be understood 
that composite emissive interlayer unit constructions are compatible with 
all embodiments of the invention, unless otherwise indicated. 
The basic features of the invention can be appreciated by considering the 
construction and use of a multicolor photographic element satisfying the 
following structure: 
______________________________________ 
Structure I 
______________________________________ 
3rd Emulsion Layer Unit 
2nd Interlayer Unit 
2nd Emulsion Layer Unit 
1st Interlayer Unit 
1st Emulsion Layer Unit 
Photographic Support 
______________________________________ 
The first, second and third emulsion layer units are each chosen to record 
imagewise exposure in a different one of the blue, green and red portions 
of the spectrum. Each emulsion layer unit can contain a single silver 
halide emulsion layer or can contain a combination of silver halide 
emulsion layers for recording exposures within the same region of the 
spectrum. It is, for example, common practice to segregate emulsions of 
different imaging speed by coating them as separate layers within an 
emulsion layer unit. The emulsion layer units can be of any convenient 
conventional construction. In a specifically preferred form the emulsion 
layer units correspond to those found in conventional color reversal 
photographic elements lacking an incorporated dye-forming coupler--i.e., 
they contain negative-working silver halide emulsions, but do not contain 
any image dye or image dye precursor. 
The first interlayer unit interposed between the first and second emulsion 
layer units is constructed to transmit electromagnetic radiation that the 
first emulsion layer unit is intended to record and to absorb or reflect 
after photographic processing scanning radiation within at least one 
wavelength region. Similarly, the second interlayer unit interposed 
between the second and third emulsion layer units is constructed to 
transmit electromagnetic radiation that the first and second emulsion 
layer units are intended to record and to absorb or reflect after 
photographic processing scanning radiation within at least one wavelength 
region. One or both of the interlayer units is an emissive interlayer that 
absorbs scanning electromagnetic radiation in one wavelength region and 
emits electromagnetic radiation in a longer wavelength region. 
When the emulsion layer units intended to record minus blue (green or red) 
lack sufficient native blue sensitivity to require protection from blue 
light during imagewise exposure, six coating sequences of blue, green and 
red recording emulsion layer units are possible. Assigning the following 
descriptors: 
IL1=first interlayer unit, 
IL2=second interlayer unit, 
B=blue recording emulsion layer unit, 
G=green recording emulsion layer unit, 
R=red recording emulsion layer unit, and 
S=support, 
all of the following layer order sequences are contemplated: 
B/IL2/G/IL1/R/S, B/IL2/R/IL1/G/S, G/IL2/R/IL1/B/S, R/IL2/G/IL1/B/S, 
G/IL2/B/IL1/R/S and R/IL2/B/IL1/G/S. Silver chloride and silver 
chlorobromide emulsions exhibit such negligibly low levels of native blue 
sensitivity that all conventional emulsions of these grain compositions 
can be employed without taking steps to protect the green or red recording 
emulsion layer units of these silver halide compositions from blue light 
exposure. Kofron et al U.S. Pat. No. 4,439,520 has demonstrated that 
adequate separation of blue and minus blue exposures can be achieved with 
tabular grain silver bromide or bromoiodide emulsions without protecting 
the minus blue recording layer units from blue light exposure. 
The transmission and absorption or reflection characteristics required for 
the first and second interlayer units during imagewise exposure can now be 
appreciated by considering the layer order sequences individually. 
Although imagewise exposure through the support of the photographic 
elements is in theory possible, the descriptions that follow are based on 
exposing radiation first striking the third emulsion layer unit, since 
opaque and antihalation layer containing supports preclude exposure 
through the support in most preferred photographic element constructions. 
(LS-1) 
B/IL2/G/IL1/R/S 
In this layer sequence IL1 must be capable of transmitting red light and 
IL2 must be capable of transmitting green and red light during imagewise 
exposure. When G and R exhibit negligible native blue sensitivity, there 
is no requirement that IL1 or IL2 be capable of absorbing light of any 
wavelength during imagewise exposure. When G and R contain silver bromide 
or bromoiodide emulsions, it is preferred that at least IL2 and, most 
preferably, both IL1 and IL2 be capable of absorbing blue light during 
imagewise exposure. 
(LS-2) 
B/IL2/R/IL1/G/S 
In this layer sequence IL1 must be capable of transmitting green light, 
otherwise the description above for LS-1 is fully applicable. 
(LS-3) 
G/IL2/R/IL1/B/S 
In this layer sequence IL1 must be capable of transmitting blue light and 
IL2 must be capable of transmitting blue and red light during imagewise 
exposure. In this arrangement G exhibits negligible native blue 
sensitivity. When R exhibits negligible native blue sensitivity, there is 
no requirement that IL2 be capable of absorbing light of any wavelength 
during imagewise exposure. When R contains a silver bromide or bromoiodide 
emulsion, it is preferred that IL2 be capable of absorbing blue light 
during imagewise exposure. 
(LS-4) 
R/IL2/G/IL1/B/S 
In this layer sequence the G and R silver halide selection criteria are 
reversed from those described for LS-3 to reflect the interchanged 
positions of these emulsion layer units and IL2 must transmit green and 
blue light, but otherwise the description above for LS-3 is fully 
applicable. 
(LS-5) 
G/IL2/B/IL1/R/S 
In this layer sequence IL1 must be capable of transmitting red light and 
IL2 must be capable of transmitting blue and red light during imagewise 
exposure. In this arrangement G exhibits negligible native blue 
sensitivity. When R exhibits negligible native blue sensitivity, there is 
no requirement that IL1 be capable of absorbing light of any wavelength 
during imagewise exposure. When R contains a silver bromide or bromoiodide 
emulsion, it is preferred that IL1 be capable of absorbing blue light 
during imagewise exposure. 
(LS-6) 
R/IL2/B/IL1/G/S 
In this layer sequence IL1 must be capable of transmitting green light and 
IL2 must be capable of transmitting blue and green light during imagewise 
exposure. In this arrangement R exhibits negligible native blue 
sensitivity. When G exhibits negligible native blue sensitivity, there is 
no requirement that IL1 be capable of absorbing light of any wavelength 
during imagewise exposure. When G contains a silver bromide or bromoiodide 
emulsion, it is preferred that IL1 be capable of absorbing blue light 
during imagewise exposure. 
Following imagewise exposure the photographic element is photographically 
processed to develop silver halide in the first, second and third emulsion 
layer units to silver as a function of latent image formation in the 
emulsion grains. Following development residual silver halide is removed 
from the first, second and third emulsion layer units by any convenient 
conventional non-bleaching fixing technique. As previously discussed, if 
one or both of the interlayer units contains silver halide, this silver 
halide differs from that in the interlayer units to allow the interlayer 
unit silver halide to remain after silver halide in the emulsion layer 
units is solubilized during fixing. 
At the conclusion of photographic processing the element contains three 
separate silver images, a silver image representing a blue exposure 
record, a silver image representing a green exposure record, and a silver 
image representing a red exposure record. All of the silver images are of 
essentially the same hue. 
One of the significant features of this invention is the scanning approach 
used to obtain three differentiated blue, green and red image records. It 
has been discovered that two retroscans and a third overall scan that can 
be either a retroscan or a transmission scan, depending on the element 
support structure, can be selected to produce three different scan records 
from which the blue, green and red image records can be obtained. 
The overall scan and one or both of the retroscans are conducted within 
spectral wavelength regions in which the developed silver absorbs light 
and the vehicle of the emulsion layer units and interlayer units (here 
used to mean all of the non-reflective components) are transmissive. 
Scanning radiation is intercepted by developed silver. One or both of the 
interlayer units absorb and emit light during the retroscans in areas 
where developed silver is not present. Optionally, one of the interlayer 
units can be a passive absorptive interlayer unit or a reflective 
interlayer unit. It is generally convenient to conduct each of the scans 
within an overall wavelength range of from 300 to 900 nm, which extends 
from the near ultraviolet through the visible portion of the spectrum and 
into the near infrared. Within this overall wavelength range the two 
retroscans scans noted above can be in the same or different wavelength 
regions, depending on the particular approach to scanning selected. To 
minimize light absorption and/or reflection during the overall scan, this 
scan is preferably conducted in a different wavelength region than the two 
retroscans. Although the overall 300 to 900 nm scanning bandwidth leaves 
ample latitude for broad band scanning wavelengths, it is generally 
preferred that each scan be conducted over bandwidths that can be easily 
established using commercially available filters. Laser scanning, of 
course, permits very narrow scanning bandwidths. 
Beginning with the assumption that the support is transparent following 
photographic processing, the preferred scanning technique is to retroscan 
the third emulsion layer unit of Structure I from above (assuming the 
orientation shown above) using the absorption or reflection of the second 
interlayer unit to restrict reflected image information to just that 
contained in the third emulsion layer unit. Similarly, the first emulsion 
layer unit of Structure I is also retroscanned from beneath the support at 
a wavelength the first interlayer unit is capable of reflecting or 
absorbing to provide a record of the image in the first emulsion layer 
unit. The photographic element is then scanned through the support, the 
two interlayer units and all emulsion layer units. 
When the support is reflective following photographic processing, the 
preferred scanning technique is to retroscan the third emulsion layer unit 
of Structure I from above (assuming the orientation shown above) using the 
absorption or reflection of the second interlayer unit to restrict 
reflected image information to just that contained in the third emulsion 
layer unit. In a second retroscan the combined image information in the 
second and third emulsion layer units is obtained using the absorption or 
reflection of the first interlayer unit. The image information of the 
second emulsion layer unit is later obtained mathematically by subtracting 
the third emulsion layer unit image information obtained in the first 
retroscan from the image information obtained in the second retroscan. The 
overall scan is also conducted from above Structure I and constitutes a 
third retroscan. In the third retroscan light penetrates both of the 
interlayer units and all of the emulsion layer units in areas containing 
no developed silver and is reflected from the support. 
In a variation, it is possible to retroscan the second and third emulsion 
layer units from above as described even when the support is transparent 
following photographic processing. In this instance the overall scan is a 
transmission scan. 
From the foregoing description the general features of the photographic 
elements of the invention are apparent. The description that follows has 
as its purpose to illustrate certain specific embodiments. 
Structure II constitutes a preferred embodiment of a photographic element 
satisfying the requirements of the invention. 
______________________________________ 
Structure II 
______________________________________ 
Protective Overcoat 
3rd Emulsion Layer Unit (3ELU) 
2nd Emissive Interlayer Unit (EmIL2) 
2nd Emissive Sub-Layer (EmSL2) 
2nd Absorptive Sub-Layer (AbSL2) 
2nd Emulsion Layer Unit (2ELU) 
1st Emissive Interlayer Unit (EmIL1) 
1st Absorptive Sub-Layer (AbSL1) 
1st Emissive Sub-Layer (EmSL1) 
1st Emulsion Layer Unit (1ELU) 
Antihalation Layer Unit 
Transparent Support (TS) 
______________________________________ 
The transparent support, the antihalation layer unit, and the protective 
overcoat are conventional features of photographic elements and require no 
detailed description. The protective overcoat is typically a transparent 
layer containing a conventional photographic vehicle and a matting agent. 
Antistatic materials as well as lubricants or also often included. The 
antihalation layer unit can be alternatively coated on the backside of the 
support instead of being interposed between the support and the first 
emulsion layer unit. It is common practice to provide for coating 
convenience transparent photographic vehicle interlayers, not shown, 
between adjacent functional layers. It is also common practice to coat a 
separate antistatic layer on the backside of the support. Of these layers 
only the antihalation layer unit exhibits any significant light 
absorption, and that is limited to light absorption during imagewise 
exposure. Antihalation layer unit colorants are chosen to be removed or 
decolorized during photographic processing. A summary of these 
conventional features can be found in Research Disclosure, Item 308119, 
cited above, Sections VIII. Absorbing and scattering materials, IX. 
Vehicles and vehicle extenders, XI. coating aids, XII. Plasticizers and 
lubricants, XIII. Antistatic layers and XVII. Supports, the disclosure of 
which is here incorporated by reference. 
Omitting the protective overcoat and antihalation layer, which are 
preferred, but not essential, Structure II can be written as follows: 
EQU 3ELU/EmSL2/AbSL2/2ELU/AbSL1/EmSL1/1ELU/TS. 
In one preferred construction of Structure II each of the emulsion layer 
units contain silver bromoiodide (AgBrI) emulsions with inherent blue 
sensitivity. In this case it is preferred that 1ELU be a red recording 
layer unit (R), 2ELU be a green recording layer unit (G), and 3ELU be a 
blue recording layer unit (B). Each of EmSL1 and EmSL2 are blue light 
excited (absorbing) sub-layers (BSSL1 and BSSL2) that emit within a longer 
wavelength region than they absorb. Each of AbSL1 and AbSL2 are yellow 
sub-layers (YSL1 and YSL2)--that is, they are each selectively absorptive 
in the blue portion of the spectrum. In this form Structure II can be 
written as follows: 
EQU B/BXSL2/YSL2/G/YSL1/BXSL1/R/TS. 
In use, Structure II is imagewise exposed from above the support. G is 
protected from exposure to blue light by YSL2 while R is protected from 
exposure to blue light by YSL1 and YSL2. After imagewise exposure 
Structure II is photographically developed to produce a silver image 
within each emulsion layer unit. 
To recover three separate channels of image information from which the 
blue, green and red exposure images can be determined Structure II is 
retroscanned from above TS within the blue absorbing half peak bandwidth 
of BXSL2. Note that BXSL1 is not excited, since in retroscanning from 
above TS YSL1 and YSL2 each captures blue light before it can reach the 
BXSL1. In the areas of B in which no silver was formed during development 
blue light penetrates B and excites BXSL2 to emit. This emission is 
recorded by the retroscan detector. In the areas of B in which maximum 
silver density was formed by development little blue light penetrates B to 
excite BXSL2 and little or no emission is recorded by the retroscan 
detector. This retroscan provides a record of the silver image pattern in 
B--i.e., a blue exposure record. 
A second retroscan is conducted from beneath TS. The second retroscan is 
essentially similar to the first retroscan, except that the developed 
silver in R is now the modulator. This retroscan excites BXSL1 to emit and 
provides a record of the silver image pattern in R. Note that YSL1 and 
YSL2 prevent unwanted excitation of BXSL2. 
An overall transmission scan is conducted through the photographic element 
in a wavelength region that is outside the blue to avoid absorption by 
BXSL1, YSL1, BXSL2 or YSL2. The overall scan is conducted in a wavelength 
region in which developed silver in each of B, G and R absorb. The 
detector thus records the combined silver transmission densities of B, G 
and R. By subtracting the silver densities of B and R determined by the 
two retroscans from the transmission silver density, the silver density in 
G is determined, providing a record of exposure in the green region of the 
spectrum. 
Structure II in the preferred form 
EQU B/BXSL2/YSL2/G/YSL1/BXSL1/R/TS. 
described above offers several advantages over more general constructions. 
First, element construction is simplified, since BXSL1 can be identical to 
BXSL2 and YSL1 can be identical to YSL2. YSL1 and YSL2 not only prevent 
unwanted excitation of the BXSL1 or BXSL2 during intentional excitation of 
the other, they also perform the function during imagewise exposure of 
protecting G and R from unwanted blue exposure. In other words, YSL1 and 
YSL2 also perform the function of the conventional yellow interlayer that 
prevents blue contamination of minus blue (green and/or red) exposure 
records using silver bromide and, particularly, silver bromoiodide 
emulsions. 
In a preferred alternative construction YSL1 is omitted to provide the 
structure: 
EQU B/BXSL2/YSL2/G/BXL1/R/TS. 
where BXL1 is a blue excited unitary emissive interlayer that can be 
identical to BXSL2. In this construction YSL2 performs the functions 
performed by both YSL1 and YSL2 in the embodiment described above. Hence 
the structure is further simplified without sacrificing performance. 
As demonstrated in the Examples below it is, in fact, possible to eliminate 
both YSL1 and YSL2 while still obtaining photographically useful records 
from each of B, G and R. In this form the structure becomes: 
EQU B/BXL2/G/BXL1/R/TS. 
where BXL1 and BXL2 can be identical unitary blue excited emissive 
interlayers. The blue absorption by BXL1 or BXL2 when it is separately 
retroscanned as well as the developed silver in G allow sufficient 
attenuation of blue light in the emissive interlayer being scanned to 
reduce excitation of the remaining emissive interlayer. It should also be 
noticed that BXL2 and BXL1, both being blue absorbing, are capable of 
providing protection against unwanted blue exposure of G and R during 
imagewise exposure. Emissions by BXL1 and BXL2 during imagewise exposure 
are either negligibly small or nonexistent, since blue light intensity 
during imagewise exposure is much lower than the blue light intensities 
employed for retroscanning. However, even this remote possibility of image 
contamination can be eliminated by choosing emissive half peak bandwidths 
for BXL1 and BXL2 that are displaced from the absorption half peak 
bandwidths of the spectral sensitizing dyes in G and R. 
In a still more general form of the invention the following structure is 
contemplated: 
EQU B/YFL/EmIL2/G/EmIL1/R/TS 
where YFL is a conventional yellow filter layer. As is well understood in 
the art these filter layers absorb blue light during imagewise exposure 
and are decolorized during processing. Preferably a conventional 
processing solution decolorizable dye dissolved or dispersed in a 
photographic vehicle is used to form YFL. EMIL1 and EMIL2 can take any 
convenient form, absorbing in any desired region of the spectrum. When 
optical isolation is desired to prevent simultaneously exciting emission 
in both EMIL1 and EMIL2, one or both can be a composite interlayer. 
Preferably EMIL1 is a composite interlayer, with the resulting structure 
being 
EQU B/YFL/EmIL2/G/AbSL1/EmSL1/R/TS 
In another preferred form of the invention instead of employing YSL1 and/or 
YSL2 it is possible to substitute one or two neutral density sub-layers. 
These are preferred structures: 
EQU B/BXSL2/NSL2/G/NSL1/BXSL1/R/TS 
and 
EQU B/BXSL2/NSL2/G/BXSL1/R/TS 
where NSL1 and NSL2 are neutral density sub-layers. 
In a specifically preferred form of the invention NSL1 and NSL2 exhibit 
only blue density or no density during imagewise exposure, but attain 
significant neutral density during photographic processing. As discussed 
above, a Lippmann emulsion that is developed to produce a uniform silver 
density is a preferred exemplary choice. The silver halide grains of the 
Lippmann emulsion are too small to reduce image sharpness by scattering 
light during imagewise exposure. By employing silver halides that contain 
significant iodide levels blue light absorption during imagewise exposure 
can be realized to protect G and R from unwanted blue exposures. When the 
grains of the Lippmann emulsion are uniformly converted to silver during 
development, an optical isolation barrier is provided that insures that 
each retroscan excites only one of BXSL1 and BXSL2 to emit light. During 
the overall scan NSL1 and NSL2 increase the transmission density, but 
since the increase in transmission density is a constant, it can be easily 
eliminated by subtraction in the same way that minimum density (fog) is 
eliminated in conventional black-and-white image scanning. 
Although the structures above are shown to contain a blue absorbing 
emissive sub-layer, it is apparent that NSL1 and NSL2 can function without 
modification with equal advantage regardless of the spectral region in 
which the emissive sub-layers absorb. Thus, more generally contemplated 
preferred structures include: 
EQU B/EmSL2/NSL2/G/NSL1/EmSL1/R/TS 
and 
EQU B/EmSL2/NSL2/G/EmSL1/R/TS 
where EmSL1 and EmSL2 are similar emissive sub-layers. 
In another preferred form of the invention unitary emissive interlayers are 
employed that differ in their spectral region of emission or absorption. 
This structure can be written as: 
EQU B/EmIL2/G/EmIL1/R/TS. 
If EMIL1 and EMIL2 are both excited to emit during each retroscan, this 
poses no difficulty in obtaining separate records, provided each emits in 
a distinguishably different spectral region. For example, if EMIL1 and 
EMIL2 are both excited to emit by retroscanning with blue light, this 
poses no difficulty in obtaining the separate exposure records of B and R 
when EMIL2 emits in the blue and/or green and EMIL1 emits in the red. The 
advantage of this embodiment is that two unitary emissive interlayer units 
can be employed without contamination of the separate retroscan records. 
When silver halide emulsions are employed for imaging that contain 
significant chloride ion concentrations, such as those containing greater 
than 50 mole percent chloride, based on total silver (e.g., silver 
chloride, silver chloroiodide or silver chlorobromide), the silver halides 
do not possess sufficient native blue sensitivity to require protection 
from blue light when employed for recording minus blue (green and/or red) 
exposures. Silver bromide emulsions have blue sensitivities intermediate 
those of silver bromoiodide and high chloride emulsions. They therefore 
benefit by protection from blue light exposures when sensitized to record 
minus blue exposures, but can be used without protection from unwanted 
blue light exposures when minus blue sensitized. When protection of minus 
blue recording layer units from blue light exposure is not required, the 
red, green and blue emulsion layer units can be arranged in any desired 
coating sequence and absorptive sub-layers are not required to minimize 
blue exposure of minus blue recording emulsion layer units. 
Absorptive sub-layers can still be used to advantage, however, to eliminate 
halation. The following structure is specifically contemplated: 
EQU 3AgCl/EmSL2/AbSL2/2AgCl/AbSL1/EmSL1/1AgCl/TS 
where 1AgCl, 2AgCl and 3AgCl are silver chloride emulsion layer units that 
record exposures to different ones of the blue, green and red portions of 
the visible spectrum. When AbSL2 is chosen to absorb light of the same 
wavelength 3AgCl is intended to record, reflection of light in this 
wavelength region from the transparent support that would tend to blur 
image definition is reduced or eliminated. Similarly, when AbSL1 is chosen 
to absorb light of the same wavelength 2AgCl is intended to record, 
reflection of light in this wavelength region from the transparent support 
that would tend to blur image definition is reduced or eliminated. 
Although the description above is directed specifically to silver chloride 
emulsions, it is applicable to emulsion layer units of all halide 
compositions. For example, the following constitutes a preferred 
structure: 
EQU B/EmSL2/YSL/G/MSL/EmSL1/R/TS 
where B, G and R are blue, green and red recording silver bromoiodide 
emulsion layer units, but could be of any silver halide composition, YSL 
is a yellow (blue absorbing) sub-layer, MSL is magenta (green absorbing) 
sub-layer, and TS is a transparent support. The yellow and magenta 
sub-layers are capable of performing the function of an antihalation layer 
in improving image sharpness. 
In Structure II and the variant preferred structures described above the 
support is in all instances transparent following photographic processing, 
allowing one retroscan and one transmission scan to be conducted through 
the support. When the support is not penetrable by scanning beams, then 
all scans must be retroscans from above the support and modifications are 
required. Structure III constitutes a preferred photographic element 
having a reflective support: 
______________________________________ 
Structure III 
______________________________________ 
Protective Overcoat 
3rd Emulsion Layer Unit (3ELU) 
2nd Emissive Interlayer Unit (EmIL2) 
2nd Emissive Sub-Layer (EmSL2) 
2nd Absorptive Sub-Layer (AbSL2) 
2nd Emulsion Layer Unit (2ELU) 
1st Emissive Interlayer Unit (EmIL1) 
1st Emissive Sub-Layer (EmSL1) 
1st Absorptive Sub-Layer (AbSL1) 
1st Emulsion Layer Unit (1ELU) 
Antihalation Layer Unit 
Reflective Support (RS) 
______________________________________ 
In comparing Structures II and III the primary difference, apart from the 
substitution of RS for TS, is in the structure of EMIL1. Note that in 
Structure III AbSL1 is now positioned closer to the support than EmSL1. 
Further, the only function AbSL1 is called upon to perform is an 
antihalation function. Thus, when a separate antihalation layer unit is 
provided, as shown, EMIL1 is preferably a unitary emissive interlayer. 
The retroscan from above the support that excites EmSL2 can be identically 
performed on Structures II and III and requires no detailed redescription. 
A second retroscan from above the support to excite EmSL1 must pass 
through 3EMLU, EMIL2 (including EmSL1 and AbSL1) and 2EMLU to reach EMIL1. 
This requires choosing EmSL1 and EmSL2 so that their emissions are 
distinguishable. There are several alternatives available. 
One approach that simplifies retroscanning is to choose emissive components 
for EmSL1 and EmSL2 that allow both to respond to the see retroscan, but 
within different response periods. For example, emission measured within a 
few microseconds following retroscan excitation can be provided entirely 
or principally by one of the emissive interlayers while emission measured 
after a millisecond following the same retroscan excitation can be 
provided entirely or principally by the remaining emissive interlayer. The 
advantage of this approach is that only one retroscan provides two 
records. Second, the wavelengths of emission and absorption by EmSL1 and 
EmSL2 can be chosen each independently of the other. Only the relative 
emission response times of the EmSL1 and EmSL2 are of interest. With some 
emissive component selections the longer duration emission response can 
initially overlap the shorter duration emission response. This is apparent 
by considering the equation: 
EQU .SIGMA.Em=I X t 
where 
.SIGMA.Em is the total emission, 
I is the intensity of emission, and 
t is the time period over which total emission occurs. 
When EmSL1 and EmSL2 exhibit equal total emissions (i.e., exhibit similar 
emission efficiencies), the intensity of the shorter duration emission 
response within a few microseconds following excitation is much larger 
than the intensity of the longer duration emission response. This allows 
the combined response of EmSL1 and EmSL2 within the first few microseconds 
following excitation to be used as the approximate response of the shorter 
duration emission response interlayer. Alternately, by knowing the decay 
profile of the longer duration response emissive component and the 
emission response after a millisecond delay following excitation, it is 
possible to correct the emission measured after a few microseconds to 
remove the small component contributed by the longer duration response 
emissive component. AbSL2 in this form of the invention is chosen not to 
absorb in the spectral region of the retroscan. 
Another approach to obtaining distinguishable records of emission from 
EmSL1 and EmSL2 from a single retroscan excitation is to employ emissive 
components in EmSL1 and EmSL2 that emit in different spectral wavelength 
regions. Using detectors that are specific to each spectral region two 
different channels of information can be obtained. AbSL2 in this form of 
the invention is chosen not to absorb in the spectral region of the 
retroscan. 
When EmSL1 and EmSL2 absorb in different wavelength regions but emit in the 
same or overlapping wavelength regions, two successive retroscans from 
above the reflective support are employed to obtain two separate channels 
of information. 
When EmSL1 and EmSL2 both absorb and emit in different wavelength regions, 
two retroscan wavelengths can be employed concurrently or successively to 
obtain two channels of information. When concurrent excitation of EmSL1 
and EmSL2 occurs, two separate detectors are required. 
The overall scan employed with a reflective support photographic element is 
similar to that employed with a transparent support. The only significant 
difference is that the overall scanning beam twice penetrates all the 
emulsion layer units and interlayers of the photographic element before 
detection. This increases the modulation of the overall scanning beam. 
RS can be a conventional white photographic support. Alternatively, RS can 
be of any convenient hue or construction capable of reflecting light 
during the overall scan. In a variant form, it is specifically 
contemplated to replace the antihalation layer unit with an additional 
emissive interlayer unit. In this construction the overall scan provides a 
third emission signal. 
When three retroscans are employed, the three scans can be conducted in any 
sequential or concurrent combination. For example, three separate light 
sources can be used to perform three separate scans concurrently. 
Alternatively, one light source can be used and filters can be used to 
supply each scan record selectively to the appropriate sensor. The 
advantages of this approach are that only one light source is required and 
the consolidation of all scans into one addressing operation simplifies 
the task of spatial registration that forms an integral part of 
correlating pixel-by-pixel information from different scans. When three 
retroscans are employed, the support can be either transmissive or 
reflective. In performing the overall retroscan on an element with a 
transparent support the support is placed in optical contact with a 
reflective backing material. In all forms of the invention, when the scans 
are conducted sequentially, it is possible to use the same sensor for 
successive scans. 
Conventional scanning techniques satisfying the requirements described 
above can be employed, including point-by-point, line-by-line and area 
scanning, and require no detailed description. A simple technique for 
scanning is to scan the photographically processed element point-by-point 
along a series of laterally offset parallel scan paths. The intensity of 
light received from or passing through the photographic element at a 
scanning point is noted by a sensor which converts radiation received into 
an electrical signal. The electrical signal is passed through an analogue 
to digital converter and sent to memory in a digital computer together 
with locant information required for pixel location within the image. 
Signal comparisons and mathematical operations to resolve scan records 
that represent combinations of two or three different images can be 
undertaken by routine procedures once the information obtained by scanning 
has been placed in the computer. 
Once the image records corresponding to the latent images have been 
obtained, the original image or selected variations of the original image 
can be reproduced at will. The simplest approach is to use lasers to 
expose pixel-by-pixel a conventional color paper. Simpson et al U.S. Pat. 
No. 4,619,892 discloses differentially infrared sensitized color print 
materials particularly adapted for exposure with near infrared lasers. 
Instead of producing a viewable hard copy of the original image the image 
information can instead be fed to a video display terminal for viewing or 
fed to a storage medium (e.g., an optical disk) for archival storage and 
later viewing. 
One of the challenges encountered in producing images from information 
extracted by scanning is that the number of pixels of information 
available for viewing is only a fraction of that available from a 
comparable classical photographic print. It is therefore even more 
important in scan imaging to maximize the quality of the image information 
available from each pixel. Enhancing image sharpness and minimizing the 
impact of aberrant pixel signals (i.e., noise) are common approaches to 
enhancing image quality. A conventional technique for minimizing the 
impact of aberrant pixel signals is to adjust each pixel density reading 
to a weighted average value by factoring in readings from adjacent pixels, 
closer adjacent pixels being weighted more heavily. Although the invention 
is described in terms of point-by-point scanning, it is appreciated that 
conventional approaches to improving image quality are contemplated. 
Illustrative systems of scan signal manipulation, including techniques for 
maximizing the quality of image records, are disclosed by Bayer U.S. Pat. 
No. 4,553,165, Urabe et al U.S. Pat. No. 4,591,923, Sasaki et al U.S. Pat. 
No. 4,631,578, Alkofer U.S. Pat. No. 4,654,722, Yamada et al U.S. Pat. No. 
4,670,793, Klees U.S. Pat. No. 4,694,342, Powell U.S. Pat. No. 4,805,031, 
Mayne et al U.S. Pat. No. 4,829,370, Abdulwahab U.S. Pat. No. 4,839,721, 
Matsunawa et al U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,841,361 and 4,937,662, Mizukoshi et al 
U.S. Pat. No. 4,891,713, Petilli U.S. Pat. No. 4,912,569, Sullivan et al 
U.S. Pat. No. 4,920,501, Kimoto et al U.S. Pat. No. 4,929,979, Klees U.S. 
Pat. No. 4,962,542, Hirosawa et al U.S. Pat. No. 4,972,256, Kaplan U.S. 
Pat. No. 4,977,521, Sakai U.S. Pat. No. 4,979,027, Ng U.S. Pat. No. 
5,003,494, Katayama et al U.S. Pat. No. 5,008,950, Kimura et al U.S. Pat. 
No. 5,065,255, Osamu et al U.S. Pat. No. 5,051,842, Lee et al U.S. Pat. 
No. 5,012,333, Sullivan et al U.S. Pat. No. 5,070,413, Bowers et al U.S. 
Pat. No. 5,107,346, Telle U.S. Pat. No. 5,105,266, MacDonald et al U.S. 
Pat. No. 5,105,469, and Kwon et al U.S. Pat. No. 5,081,692, the 
disclosures of which are here incorporated by reference. 
The multicolor photographic elements and their photographic processing, 
apart from the specific required features described above, can take any 
convenient conventional form. A summary of conventional photographic 
element features as well as their exposure and processing is contained in 
Research Disclosure, Item 308119, cited above, and a summary of tabular 
grain emulsion and photographic element features and their processing is 
contained in Research Disclosure, Vol. 225, December 1983, Item 22534, the 
disclosures of which are here incorporated by reference. 
Although the interlayer units have been described in terms of being 
absorptive or reflective in selected wavelength regions and ideally 
specularly transmissive in other wavelength regions, it is appreciated 
that interlayer units capable of performing their intended light 
reflection or absorption function (either with or without emission) in 
practice are rarely ideally specularly transmissive during imagewise 
exposure of underlying emulsion layer units. Overall, it is contemplated 
that each emulsion layer unit will receive at least 25 percent, preferably 
at least 50 percent and optimally at least 75 percent of the light it is 
intended to record. This allows ample tolerance for constructing 
interlayer units capable of functioning as described. 
EXAMPLES 
The invention can be better appreciated by reference to the following 
specific examples. Example films were prepared as described below. Coating 
laydowns, set out in brackets ([]) are reported in terms of grams per 
square meter (g/m.sup.2), except as specifically noted. Silver halide 
coverages are reported in terms of silver. 
EXAMPLE 1 
Preparation of Lumogen Yellow.TM. dispersion: 
The yellow organic solid particle dye EC-26 was obtained from BASF 
Corporation of Holland, Mich., under the trademark Lumogen Yellow.TM.. The 
absorption and emission spectra for this dye have been reported in the 
literature (see Kristainpoller and Dutton, Applied Optics, 3(2), 287 
(1964)). The dye emits predominantly in the green region of the spectrum 
(500-600 nm) when excited with ultraviolet or blue light (wavelengths 
shorter than 500 nm). The propensity of this pigment to scatter light was 
greatly reduced by ball-milling to reduce the particle size. To 76.7 g of 
distilled water was added 15.0 g EC-26 and 8.3 g of Triton X-200.TM., an 
octylphenoxy polyethoxy ethanol surfactant. This dispersion was added to a 
16 fluid ounce (473 ml) glass jar along with 250 ml of 1.0 mm zirconium 
beads. The contents were milled for one week using a SWECO.TM. vibratory 
mill. The particle size was reduced from a range of 0.5-1.0 .mu.m diameter 
to all particles being smaller than 0.3 .mu.m. This dispersion was added 
directly to gelatin for the subsequent film coatings. 
A color recording film was prepared by coating the following layers in 
order on a cellulose triacetate film base having a process removable 
antihalation layer on the side opposite the coated layers. All emulsions 
were sulfur and gold chemically sensitized and spectrally sensitized to 
the appropriate region of the spectrum. The silver halide emulsions were 
of the tabular grain type and were silver bromoiodide having between 1 and 
6 mole % iodide. 
Layer 1: Red recording layer 
Gelatin, [1.61]; 
Red-sensitized emulsion [1.34] (ECD 2.9 .mu.m, thickness, t, 0.13 .mu.m); 
Layer 2: Fluorescent interlayer 
Gelatin [1.08]; 
EC-26 [0.32]. 
Layer 3: Gelatin interlayer 
Gelatin [2.38]. 
Layer 4: Green recording layer 
Gelatin [1.61]; 
Green-sensitized emulsion [1.34] (ECD 2.2 .mu.m, t 0.12 .mu.m). 
Layer 5: Fluorescent interlayer 
Gelatin [1.08]; 
EC-26 [0.32]. 
Layer 6: Yellow Filter Layer 
Gelatin [1.08 ]; 
4-(p-(butylsulfonamido)-phenyl)-3-cyano-5-(2-furylmethine)-2-oxo-2,5-dihydr 
o-furan [0.32 ]. 
Layer 7: Blue Recording Layer 
Gelatin [1.61]; 
Blue-sensitive emulsion [1.34](ECD 3.2 .mu.m, t 0.14 .mu.m). 
Layer 8: Supercoat 
Gelatin [1.08]. 
Bis(vinylsulfonylmethyl)ether [0.008]. 
Also present in the blue and green recording layers was 
4-hydroxy-6-methyl-1,3,3A,7-tetraazindene, sodium salt, at 1.25 grams per 
mole of silver. Surfactants used to aid the coating operation are not 
listed in these examples. 
Samples of the coated film were provided a neutral exposure in a 
photographic sensitometer using a Daylight balanced light source having a 
color temperature of 5500.degree. K. and a graduated neutral density step 
wedge having an increment of 0.15 log exposure units per step. In 
addition, spectral separation step exposures were made by passing the 
exposing light through a Kodak Wratten.TM. 98 (blue, transmitting light in 
the 400-500 nm wavelength range), 99 (green, transmitting light in the 
500-600 nm wavelength range), or 29 (red, transmitting light at 
wavelengths longer than 600 nm). 
The exposed film samples were chemically processed with a black-and-white 
developer according to the following procedure: 
1. Develop in Kodak Rapid X-Ray.TM. developer for 6 minutes at 22.degree. 
C. 
2. Kodak Indicator.TM. stop bath for 1 minute. 
3. Kodak Rapid.TM. fixer for 3 minutes. 
4. Wash for 5 minutes. 
5. Dry film 
The processed film contained a step-wise distribution of developed silver 
and a uniform distribution of fluorescent (solid particle) dye. The blue 
and red separation exposures were used to obtain the densitometry 
necessary to produce calibration curves relating fluorescence reflection 
density to transmission density. The transmission density was measured in 
a spectral region where the fluorescent dye was not absorbing (600 nm). 
The fluorescence reflection densitometry was performed by illuminating the 
film at an angle of 45.degree. to the normal. The excitation of 
fluorescence was at a wavelength of 460 nm with a spectral bandwidth of 10 
nm. The detection of luminesced radiation was performed by a photosensor 
positioned along the same normal to the film. The detector was spectrally 
filtered by Wratten.TM. 74 and 60 filters so as to detect only the green 
emission from 500-580 nm with the peak response at 540 nm. 
Fluorescence reflection densities measured through the front surface of the 
coating (FRF) and the coating base (BRF), and transmission densities (RTR) 
were measured for each type and level of exposure. For each type of 
measurement (FRF, BRF, and RTR) a minimum density (FRFmin, BRFmin, and 
RTRmin, respectively) was measured for a photographically processed film 
sample that had not been exposed to light. New film responses (FRF', BRF', 
and RTR') were determined for all exposures by subtracting the minimum 
density from the corresponding measured responses 
EQU FRF'=FRF-FRFmin 
EQU BRF'=BRF-BRFmin 
EQU RTR'=RTR-RTRmin 
Tables III through VI tabulate values of FRF', BRF', and RTR' for the 
neutral, blue, green, and red exposures, respectively. 
TABLE III 
______________________________________ 
Neutral Exposure 
Relative Log 
Exposure BRF' RTR' FRF' 
______________________________________ 
0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 
0.15 0.02 0.03 0.02 
0.30 0.06 0.06 0.05 
0.45 0.14 0.13 0.11 
0.60 0.25 0.26 0.22 
0.75 0.42 0.47 0.36 
0.90 0.61 0.78 0.58 
1.05 0.79 1.14 0.82 
1.20 0.93 1.48 1.04 
1.35 1.04 1.78 1.23 
1.50 1.13 2.00 1.35 
1.65 1.20 2.17 1.45 
1.80 1.27 2.30 1.50 
1.95 1.32 2.39 1.54 
2.10 1.34 2.45 1.56 
2.25 1.36 2.49 1.57 
______________________________________ 
TABLE IV 
______________________________________ 
Blue Exposure 
Relative Log 
Exposure BRF' RTR' FRF' 
______________________________________ 
0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 
0.15 0.00 0.01 0.02 
0.30 0.00 0.02 0.04 
0.45 0.01 0.05 0.10 
0.60 0.02 0.09 0.19 
0.75 0.03 0.16 0.33 
0.90 0.04 0.28 0.56 
1.05 0.05 0.41 0.80 
1.20 0.05 0.54 1.05 
1.35 0.05 0.64 1.23 
1.50 0.05 0.70 1.35 
1.65 0.05 0.74 1.42 
1.80 0.05 0.77 1.48 
1.95 0.05 0.78 1.50 
2.10 0.05 0.79 1.52 
2.25 0.05 0.80 1.54 
______________________________________ 
TABLE V 
______________________________________ 
Green Exposure 
Relative Log 
Exposure BRF' RTR' FRF' 
______________________________________ 
0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 
0.15 0.01 0.02 0.01 
0.30 0.02 0.04 0.03 
0.45 0.05 0.08 0.06 
0.60 0.09 0.15 0.10 
0.75 0.12 0.26 0.13 
0.90 0.14 0.39 0.15 
1.05 0.16 0.54 0.16 
1.20 0.18 0.68 0.16 
1.35 0.22 0.81 0.17 
1.50 0.29 0.93 0.17 
1.65 0.41 1.05 0.17 
1.80 0.56 1.18 0.17 
1.95 0.72 1.30 0.16 
2.10 0.86 1.41 0.16 
2.25 0.99 1.50 0.17 
______________________________________ 
TABLE VI 
______________________________________ 
Red Exposure 
Relative Log 
Exposure BRF' RTR' FRF' 
______________________________________ 
0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 
0.15 0.02 0.01 0.00 
0.30 0.05 0.03 0.00 
0.45 0.11 0.07 0.01 
0.60 0.22 0.13 0.02 
0.75 0.39 0.22 0.03 
0.90 0.58 0.34 0.03 
1.05 0.77 0.47 0.03 
1.20 0.94 0.58 0.03 
1.35 1.07 0.67 0.03 
1.50 1.16 0.72 0.03 
1.65 1.23 0.76 0.03 
1.80 1.28 0.79 0.03 
1.95 1.31 0.81 0.03 
2.10 1.32 0.82 0.03 
2.25 1.34 0.83 0.03 
______________________________________ 
Inspection of Tables IV through VI indicates that the measured responses do 
not provide a direct measure of the individual recording layer unit images 
with the exception of BRF' and FRF' as measures of the red and blue 
recording layer unit images, respectively. The measured RTR' responses are 
affected by developed silver in other recording layer units due to the 
spectral neutrality of developed silver and the additivity of density. 
Mathematical manipulation of the measured responses was used to determine 
the individual images in the red, green, and blue recording layer units 
(R, G, and B, respectively) in terms of their corresponding transmission 
densities. 
A plot of RTR' versus FRF' for the blue separation exposure was made. A 
best fit line satisfying the relationship 
EQU RTR'=a1.times.FRF' 
was determined using standard methods of linear regression over the range 
of exposures where image formation occurred in the blue recording layer 
unit only. A value of 0.523 was found for a1. The response of the blue 
recording layer unit (B) was determined using the relationship 
EQU B=a1.times.FRF'. 
A plot of RTR' versus BRF' for the red separation exposure was made. A best 
fit line satisfying the relationship 
EQU RTR'=a2.times.BRF' 
was determined using standard methods of linear regression over the range 
of exposures where image formation occurred in the red recording layer 
unit only. A value of 0.624 was found for a2. The response of the red 
recording layer unit (R) was determined using the relationship 
EQU R=a2.times.BRF'. 
The response of the green recording layer unit (G) was determined using the 
relationship 
EQU G=RTR'-B-R 
taking advantage of the spectral neutrality of the developed silver image 
in the three recording layer units and the additivity of transmission 
densities. 
The independent recording layer unit responses (R, G, and B) determined for 
the neutral, blue, green, and red exposures determined using the 
relationships previously described are listed in Tables VII through X, 
respectively. 
TABLE VII 
______________________________________ 
Neutral Exposure 
Relative Log 
Exposure R G B 
______________________________________ 
0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 
0.15 0.01 0.01 0.01 
0.30 0.04 0.00 0.03 
0.45 0.09 -0.01 0.06 
0.60 0.16 -0.01 0.12 
0.75 0.26 0.02 0.19 
0.90 0.38 0.10 0.30 
1.05 0.49 0.22 0.43 
1.20 0.58 0.36 0.54 
1.35 0.65 0.49 0.64 
1.50 0.71 0.59 0.71 
1.65 0.75 0.66 0.76 
1.80 0.79 0.72 0.79 
1.95 0.82 0.76 0.81 
2.10 0.84 0.80 0.82 
2.25 0.85 0.82 0.82 
______________________________________ 
TABLE VIII 
______________________________________ 
Blue Exposure 
Relative Log 
Exposure R G B 
______________________________________ 
0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 
0.15 0.00 0.00 0.01 
0.30 0.00 0.00 0.02 
0.45 0.01 -0.01 0.05 
0.60 0.01 -0.02 0.10 
0.75 0.02 -0.03 0.17 
0.90 0.02 -0.04 0.29 
1.05 0.03 -0.04 0.42 
1.20 0.03 -0.04 0.55 
1.35 0.03 -0.03 0.64 
1.50 0.03 -0.04 0.71 
1.65 0.03 -0.03 0.74 
1.80 0.03 -0.04 0.77 
1.95 0.03 -0.04 0.79 
2.10 0.03 -0.04 0.80 
2.25 0.03 -0.04 0.81 
______________________________________ 
TABLE IX 
______________________________________ 
Green Exposure 
Relative Log 
Exposure R G B 
______________________________________ 
0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 
0.15 0.01 0.01 0.01 
0.30 0.01 0.01 0.02 
0.45 0.03 0.02 0.03 
0.60 0.06 0.04 0.05 
0.75 0.07 0.12 0.07 
0.90 0.09 0.22 0.08 
1.05 0.10 0.36 0.08 
1.20 0.11 0.48 0.08 
1.35 0.14 0.58 0.09 
1.50 0.18 0.66 0.09 
1.65 0.26 0.71 0.09 
1.80 0.35 0.74 0.09 
1.95 0.45 0.77 0.08 
2.10 0.54 0.79 0.08 
2.25 0.62 0.79 0.09 
______________________________________ 
TABLE X 
______________________________________ 
Red Exposure 
Relative Log 
Exposure R G B 
______________________________________ 
0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 
0.15 0.01 0.00 0.00 
0.30 0.03 0.00 0.00 
0.45 0.07 0.00 0.01 
0.60 0.14 -0.02 0.01 
0.75 0.24 -0.04 0.02 
0.90 0.36 -0.04 0.02 
1.05 0.48 -0.03 0.02 
1.20 0.59 -0.02 0.02 
1.35 0.67 -0.01 0.02 
1.50 0.72 -0.02 0.02 
1.65 0.77 -0.02 0.02 
1.80 0.80 -0.02 0.02 
1.95 0.82 -0.02 0.02 
2.10 0.82 -0.02 0.02 
2.25 0.84 -0.02 0.02 
______________________________________ 
The green exposure record of Table IX is plotted in FIG. 1. 
Exposing a new piece of film in a conventional exposure device followed by 
photographic processing, scanning, and image data processing as previously 
described yields independent responses for the red, green, and blue 
recording layer units at each pixel in the photographic element. A plot of 
R, G, and B versus input exposure for the neutral exposure provides the 
necessary relationships to convert the independent recording layer 
responses determined to corresponding input exposures. Using the exposure 
values determined for each pixel of the film as input signals to a digital 
printing device produces a photographic reproduction of the original 
scene. 
EXAMPLE 2 
This example is the same as Example 1 with the exception that an optical 
isolation layer was coated between the first fluorescent interlayer and 
the green recording layer. The desirability of the optical isolation layer 
is apparent in FIG. 1, which plots the determined R, G, and B responses of 
the green separation exposure of Example 1 as a function of relative log 
exposure. A response is observed in both the blue and red recording layer 
units at low levels of green light exposure even though no development is 
expected in these recording layer units. 
A very fine-grained Lippmann emulsion was used for the optical isolation 
layer of this invention. The silver bromide grains were monodisperse cubes 
with an edge length of 0.08 .mu.m. The emulsion was not spectrally 
sensitized but was chemically fogged by adding 0.3 g of stannous chloride 
per silver mole and maintaining the emulsion at 40.degree. C. for 30 
minutes. Coatings of this emulsion were made at various coverages and 
processed in the same manner as for the full multilayer examples. It was 
determined that 0.54 g/m.sup.2 provided an optical density of 1.0 upon 
development, sufficient to provide optical isolation during scanning. 
Layer 3 of Example 1 was replaced with the following two layers coated in 
the following order beginning with the layer closest to the support. 
Layer 3a: Optical Isolation Layer 
Gelatin [1.30]; 
Chemically fogged Lippmann emulsion [0.54]. 
Layer 3b: Gelatin Interlayer 
Gelatin [1.08]. 
Samples of the coated film were given neutral and separation exposures as 
previously described for Example 1 and black-and-white processed in the 
same manner. The processed film contained a step-wise distribution of 
developed silver in the image recording layers, a uniform distribution of 
developed silver in the optical isolation layer, and a uniform 
distribution of fluorescent dye. Fluorescence and transmission 
densitometry were performed on these samples in the same manner as 
previously described. 
Tables XI through XIV tabulate values of FRF', BRF', and RTR' for the 
neutral, blue, green, and red exposures, respectively. 
TABLE XI 
______________________________________ 
Neutral Exposure 
Relative Log 
Exposure BRF' RTR' FRF' 
______________________________________ 
0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 
0.15 0.02 0.03 0.02 
0.30 0.06 0.08 0.04 
0.45 0.13 0.20 0.10 
0.60 0.25 0.37 0.23 
0.75 0.40 0.68 0.44 
0.90 0.56 1.02 0.66 
1.05 0.70 1.35 0.87 
1.20 0.82 1.63 1.05 
1.35 0.93 1.88 1.19 
1.50 0.99 2.04 1.27 
1.65 1.07 2.17 1.33 
1.80 1.10 2.27 1.38 
1.95 1.14 2.33 1.40 
2.10 1.15 2.36 1.41 
2.25 1.16 2.36 1.42 
______________________________________ 
TABLE XII 
______________________________________ 
Blue Exposure 
Relative Log 
Exposure BRF' RTR' FRF' 
______________________________________ 
0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 
0.15 0.00 0.01 0.02 
0.30 0.00 0.02 0.03 
0.45 0.00 0.03 0.07 
0.60 0.00 0.07 0.16 
0.75 0.00 0.15 0.30 
0.90 0.00 0.25 0.52 
1.05 0.00 0.38 0.77 
1.20 0.00 0.49 0.98 
1.35 0.00 0.58 1.17 
1.50 0.00 0.64 1.27 
1.65 0.00 0.67 1.35 
1.80 0.00 0.68 1.40 
1.95 0.00 0.70 1.42 
2.10 0.00 0.71 1.43 
2.25 0.00 0.71 1.43 
______________________________________ 
TABLE XIII 
______________________________________ 
Green Exposure 
Relative Log 
Exposure BRF' RTR' FRF' 
______________________________________ 
0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 
0.15 0.00 0.01 0.00 
0.30 0.00 0.03 0.00 
0.45 0.00 0.06 0.00 
0.60 0.00 0.12 0.00 
0.75 0.00 0.21 0.00 
0.90 0.00 0.32 0.00 
1.05 0.00 0.45 0.00 
1.20 0.01 0.56 0.00 
1.35 0.04 0.67 0.00 
1.50 0.10 0.76 0.00 
1.65 0.20 0.88 0.00 
1.80 0.36 1.01 0.00 
1.95 0.52 1.13 0.00 
2.10 0.67 1.24 0.00 
2.25 0.80 1.32 0.00 
______________________________________ 
TABLE XIV 
______________________________________ 
Red Exposure 
Relative Log 
Exposure BRF' RTR' FRF' 
______________________________________ 
0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 
0.15 0.02 0.01 0.00 
0.30 0.04 0.02 0.00 
0.45 0.08 0.04 0.00 
0.60 0.16 0.08 0.00 
0.75 0.29 0.16 0.00 
0.90 0.46 0.26 0.00 
1.05 0.65 0.38 0.00 
1.20 0.83 0.48 0.00 
1.35 0.97 0.57 0.00 
1.50 1.07 0.63 0.00 
1.65 1.15 0.68 0.00 
1.80 1.20 0.71 0.00 
1.95 1.22 0.72 0.00 
2.10 1.24 0.74 0.00 
2.25 1.26 0.74 0.00 
______________________________________ 
Analysis of the measured responses as previously described resulted in the 
following values for the series of "a" constants: 
EQU a1=0.498 
EQU a2=0.598 
The determined values for the R, G, and B responses using the relationships 
previously described are tabulated in Tables XV through XVIII for the 
neutral, blue, green, red exposures, respectively. 
TABLE XV 
______________________________________ 
Neutral Exposure 
Relative Log 
Exposure R G B 
______________________________________ 
0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 
0.15 0.01 0.01 0.01 
0.30 0.04 0.02 0.02 
0.45 0.08 0.07 0.05 
0.60 0.15 0.11 0.11 
0.75 0.24 0.22 0.22 
0.90 0.33 0.36 0.33 
1.05 0.42 0.50 0.43 
1.20 0.49 0.62 0.52 
1.35 0.56 0.73 0.59 
1.50 0.59 0.82 0.63 
1.65 0.64 0.87 0.66 
1.80 0.66 0.93 0.69 
1.95 0.68 0.95 0.70 
2.10 0.69 0.97 0.70 
2.25 0.69 0.96 0.71 
______________________________________ 
TABLE XVI 
______________________________________ 
Blue Exposure 
Relative Log 
Exposure R G B 
______________________________________ 
0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 
0.15 0.00 0.00 0.01 
0.30 0.00 0.01 0.01 
0.45 0.00 0.00 0.03 
0.60 0.00 -0.01 0.08 
0.75 0.00 0.00 0.15 
0.90 0.00 -0.01 0.26 
1.05 0.00 0.00 0.38 
1.20 0.00 0.00 0.49 
1.35 0.00 0.00 0.58 
1.50 0.00 0.01 0.63 
1.65 0.00 0.00 0.67 
1.80 0.00 -0.02 0.70 
1.95 0.00 -0.01 0.71 
2.10 0.00 0.00 0.71 
2.25 0.00 0.00 0.71 
______________________________________ 
TABLE XVI 
______________________________________ 
Green Exposure 
Relative Log 
Exposure R G B 
______________________________________ 
0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 
0.15 0.00 0.01 0.00 
0.30 0.00 0.03 0.00 
0.45 0.00 0.06 0.00 
0.60 0.00 0.12 0.00 
0.75 0.00 0.21 0.00 
0.90 0.00 0.32 0.00 
1.05 0.00 0.45 0.00 
1.20 0.01 0.55 0.00 
1.35 0.02 0.65 0.00 
1.50 0.06 0.70 0.00 
1.65 0.12 0.76 0.00 
1.80 0.22 0.79 0.00 
1.95 0.31 0.82 0.00 
2.10 0.40 0.84 0.00 
2.25 0.48 0.84 0.00 
______________________________________ 
TABLE XVIII 
______________________________________ 
Red Exposure 
Relative Log 
Exposure R G B 
______________________________________ 
0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 
0.15 0.01 0.00 0.00 
0.30 0.02 0.00 0.00 
0.45 0.05 -0.01 0.00 
0.60 0.10 -0.02 0.00 
0.75 0.17 -0.01 0.00 
0.90 0.28 -0.02 0.00 
1.05 0.39 -0.01 0.00 
1.20 0.50 -0.02 0.00 
1.35 0.58 -0.01 0.00 
1.50 0.64 -0.01 0.00 
1.65 0.69 -0.01 0.00 
1.80 0.72 -0.01 0.00 
1.95 0.73 -0.01 0.00 
2.10 0.74 0.00 0.00 
2.25 0.75 -0.01 0.00 
______________________________________ 
FIG. 2 shows the determined R, G, and B responses for the green separation 
exposure plotted as a function of relative log exposure. In this case 
there is no observed response in the blue record and the only response in 
the red record is that expected from the green light "punch through" 
exposure of the green recording layer unit. Comparison of this performance 
relative to that shown in FIG. 1 clearly demonstrates the benefit obtained 
by incorporation of the optical isolation layer. 
EXAMPLE 3 
A color recording film containing two fluorescent interlayers capable of 
emission in two different spectral regions was prepared by coating the 
following layers in order on a cellulose triacetate film base. The 
fluorescent dyes and oxidized developer scavenger were conventionally 
dispersed in the presence of coupler solvents such as tricresyl phosphate, 
dibutyl phthalate, and diethyl lauramide. The silver halide emulsions were 
of the tabular grain type except where otherwise stated, and were silver 
bromoiodide having between 1 and 6 mole % iodide. 
Layer 1: Antihalation Underlayer 
Gelatin, [2.5]; 
Process soluble neutral absorber dye, [0.08]. 
Layer 2: Red Recording Layer 
Gelatin, [2.5]; 
Fast red-sensitized emulsion [0.30] (ECD 1.5 .mu.m, thickness, t, 0.11 
.mu.m); 
Mid red-sensitized emulsion [0.15] (ECD 0.72 .mu.m, t 0.11 .mu.m); 
Slow red-sensitized emulsion [0.20] (ECD 0.28 .mu.m, non-tabular); 
Scavenging agent A [0.2]. 
Layer 3: Green-emitting Fluorescent Interlayer 
Gelatin [1.5]; 
Fluorescent dye GF [0.15]. 
Layer 4: Green Recording Layer 
Gelatin [1.5]; 
Fast green-sensitized emulsion [0.8] (ECD 1.5 .mu.m, t 0.11 .mu.m); 
Mid green-sensitized emulsion [0.4] (ECD 0.7 .mu.m, t 0.11 .mu.m); 
Slow green-sensitized emulsion [0.6] (ECD 0.28 .mu.m, non-tabular); 
Scavenging agent A [0.3]. 
Layer 5: Blue-emitting Fluorescent Interlayer 
Gelatin [1.5]; 
Fluorescent dye EC-23 [0.05]; 
Process soluble yellow filter dyes [0.25]. 
Layer 6: Blue-sensitive Layer 
Gelatin [1.5]; 
Fast blue-sensitive emulsion [0.20] (ECD 1.39 .mu.m, 0.11 .mu.m); 
Mid blue-sensitive emulsion [0.08] (ECD 0.72 .mu.m, t 0.08 .mu.m); 
Slow blue-sensitive emulsion [0.12] (ECD 0.32 .mu.m, t 0.07 .mu.m); 
Scavenging agent A [0.1]; 
Bis(vinylsulfonyl)methane [0.19]. 
Layer 7: Supercoat 
Gelatin [1.5]. 
Also present in every emulsion containing layer were 
4-hydroxy-6-methyl-1,3,3A,7-tetraazindene, sodium salt, at 1.25 grams per 
mole of silver, and 2-octadecyl-5-sulphohydroquinone, sodium salt, at 2.4 
grams per mole of silver. Surfactants used to aid the coating operation 
are not listed in these examples. 
Scavenging agent A was of structure: 
##STR1## 
Fluorescent dye GF was Elbasol Fluorescent Brilliant Yellow R, supplied by 
Holliday Dyes and Chemicals Ltd. Fluorescent dye GF was excited by 
(absorbed) blue light. 
A sample of the film was sensitometrically exposed to white light through a 
graduated neutral density step wedge (density increment 0.2 density units 
per step), and others were exposed through the graduated step wedge to 
light which had been filtered through Kodak Wratten.TM. 29, 74, and 98 
filters, to give red, green, and blue exposures, respectively. The exposed 
film samples were developed for three and one quarter minutes in Kodak 
Flexicolor.TM. C41 developer at 38.degree. C., soaked 30 seconds in an 
acetic acid stop bath, then fixed in ammonium thiosulfate fixer solution. 
Status A red transmission densities (RTR) were measured for all 
photographically processed film samples. Additionally reflection densities 
were measured through the upper surface of the film samples first using 
blue light illumination (tungsten light source passed through a Kodak 
Wratten 47B.TM. filter) measuring Status A green density (GRF) and second 
using ultraviolet light illumination measuring Status A blue density 
(BRF). For each type of measurement (RTR, GRF, and BRF) a minimum density 
(RTRmin, GRFmin, and BRFmin, respectively) was measured for a 
photographically processed film sample that had not been exposed to light. 
New film responses (RTR', GRF', and BRF') were determined for all 
exposures by subtracting the minimum density from the corresponding 
measured responses 
EQU RTR'=RTR-RTRmin 
EQU GRF'=GRF-GRFmin 
EQU BRF'=BRF-BRFmin 
The RTR', GRF', and BRF' responses for the neutral, blue, green, and red 
exposures are tabulated as a function of relative log exposure in Tables 
XIX through XXII, respectively. 
TABLE XIX 
______________________________________ 
Neutral Exposure 
Relative Log 
Exposure RTR' GRF' BRF' 
______________________________________ 
0.0 0.00 0.00 0.00 
0.2 0.00 0.00 0.00 
0.4 0.00 0.00 0.00 
0.6 0.00 0.00 0.00 
0.8 0.01 0.00 0.00 
1.0 0.02 0.02 0.01 
1.2 0.03 0.04 0.04 
1.4 0.06 0.11 0.06 
1.6 0.12 0.23 0.08 
1.8 0.23 0.37 0.10 
2.0 0.35 0.54 0.13 
2.2 0.49 0.73 0.17 
2.4 0.63 0.94 0.22 
2.6 0.78 1.16 0.28 
2.8 0.90 1.36 0.37 
3.0 1.03 1.58 0.44 
3.2 1.16 1.77 0.54 
3.4 1.30 1.92 0.62 
3.6 1.51 2.06 0.70 
3.8 1.71 2.18 0.79 
______________________________________ 
TABLE XX 
______________________________________ 
Blue Exposure 
Relative Log 
Exposure RTR' GRF' BRF' 
______________________________________ 
0.0 0.00 0.00 0.00 
0.2 0.00 0.00 0.00 
0.4 0.00 0.00 0.00 
0.6 0.00 0.00 0.00 
0.8 0.00 0.00 0.00 
1.0 0.00 0.00 0.00 
1.2 0.00 0.00 0.00 
1.4 0.01 0.01 0.01 
1.6 0.02 0.03 0.03 
1.8 0.03 0.05 0.07 
2.0 0.04 0.09 0.12 
2.2 0.06 0.13 0.16 
2.4 0.08 0.18 0.21 
2.6 0.13 0.26 0.27 
2.8 0.25 0.45 0.33 
3.0 0.35 0.64 0.40 
3.2 0.48 0.86 0.48 
3.4 0.57 1.09 0.56 
3.6 0.71 1.30 0.64 
3.8 0.87 1.54 0.70 
______________________________________ 
TABLE XXI 
______________________________________ 
Green Exposure 
Relative Log 
Exposure RTR' GRF' BRF' 
______________________________________ 
0.0 0.00 0.00 0.00 
0.2 0.00 0.00 0.00 
0.4 0.00 0.00 0.00 
0.6 0.00 0.00 0.01 
0.8 0.01 0.01 0.01 
1.0 0.01 0.04 0.01 
1.2 0.03 0.08 0.01 
1.4 0.07 0.17 0.01 
1.6 0.12 0.30 0.02 
1.8 0.20 0.43 0.02 
2.0 0.29 0.61 0.02 
2.2 0.39 0.80 0.02 
2.4 0.47 1.00 0.02 
2.6 0.56 1.14 0.02 
2.8 0.66 1.31 0.02 
3.0 0.78 1.46 0.02 
3.2 0.93 1.64 0.02 
3.4 1.09 1.82 0.02 
3.6 1.27 1.93 0.02 
3.8 1.44 2.00 0.02 
______________________________________ 
TABLE XXII 
______________________________________ 
Red Exposure 
Relative Log 
Exposure RTR' GRF' BRF' 
______________________________________ 
0.0 0.00 0.00 0.00 
0.2 0.00 0.01 0.01 
0.4 0.00 0.01 0.02 
0.6 0.00 0.02 0.03 
0.8 0.01 0.02 0.03 
1.0 0.04 0.03 0.04 
1.2 0.06 0.03 0.04 
1.4 0.12 0.03 0.04 
1.6 0.16 0.04 0.04 
1.8 0.20 0.04 0.04 
2.0 0.25 0.04 0.03 
2.2 0.27 0.04 0.03 
2.4 0.30 0.05 0.03 
2.6 0.34 0.05 0.02 
2.8 0.37 0.06 0.02 
3.0 0.40 0.06 0.02 
3.2 0.43 0.06 0.02 
3.4 0.46 0.07 0.01 
3.6 0.48 0.07 0.00 
3.8 0.51 0.07 0.00 
______________________________________ 
Inspection of Tables XX through XXII indicates that the measured responses 
do not provide a direct measure of the individual recording layer unit 
images with the exception of BRF' as a measure of the blue recording layer 
unit image. The measured RTR' and GRF' responses are affected by imagewise 
development in other recording layer units due to the spectral neutrality 
of developed silver and the additivity of density. Mathematical 
manipulation of the measured responses was used to determine the 
individual images in the red, green, and blue recording layer units (R, G, 
and B, respectively) in terms of their corresponding transmission 
densities. 
A plot of RTR' versus BRF' for the blue separation exposure was made. A 
best fit line satisfying the relationship 
EQU RTR'=a1.times.BRF' 
was determined using standard methods of linear regression over the range 
of exposures where image formation occurred in the blue recording layer 
unit only. A value of 0.368 was found for a1. The response of the blue 
recording layer unit (B) was determined using the relationship 
EQU B=a1.times.BRF' 
A plot of GRF' versus BRF' was made for the same exposure. A best fit line 
satisfying the relationship 
EQU GRF'=a2.times.BRF' 
was determined using standard methods of linear regression over the range 
of exposures where image formation occurred in the blue recording layer 
unit only. A value of 0.896 was found for a2. 
A plot of RTR' versus GRF' for the green separation exposure was made. A 
best fit line satisfying the relationship 
EQU RTR'=a3.times.GRF' 
was determined using standard methods of linear regression over the range 
of exposures where image formation occurred in the green recording layer 
unit only. A value of 0.494 was found for a3. The response of the green 
recording layer unit (G) was determined using the relationship 
EQU G=a3.times.[GRF'-(a2.times.BRF')]. 
The response of the red recording layer unit (R) was determined using the 
following relationship 
EQU R=RTR'-B-G 
taking advantage of the spectral neutrality of the developed silver image 
in the three recording layer units and the additivity of transmission 
densities. 
The independent recording layer responses (R, G, and B) determined for the 
neutral, blue, green, and red exposures determined using the relationships 
previously described are listed in Tables XXIII through XXVI, 
respectively. 
TABLE XXIII 
______________________________________ 
Neutral Exposure 
Relative Log 
Exposure R G B 
______________________________________ 
0.0 0.00 0.00 0.00 
0.2 0.00 0.00 0.00 
0.4 0.00 0.00 0.00 
0.6 0.00 0.00 0.00 
0.8 0.01 0.00 0.00 
1.0 0.01 0.01 0.00 
1.2 0.01 0.00 0.02 
1.4 0.01 0.03 0.03 
1.6 0.01 0.08 0.03 
1.8 0.05 0.14 0.04 
2.0 0.09 0.21 0.06 
2.2 0.13 0.29 0.07 
2.4 0.17 0.37 0.09 
2.6 0.21 0.45 0.12 
2.8 0.24 0.51 0.16 
3.0 0.26 0.59 0.19 
3.2 0.30 0.64 0.23 
3.4 0.36 0.67 0.26 
3.6 0.51 0.71 0.30 
3.8 0.65 0.73 0.33 
______________________________________ 
TABLE XXIV 
______________________________________ 
Neutral Exposure 
Relative Log 
Exposure R G B 
______________________________________ 
0.0 0.00 0.00 0.00 
0.2 0.00 0.00 0.00 
0.4 0.00 0.00 0.00 
0.6 0.00 0.00 0.00 
0.8 0.00 0.00 0.00 
1.0 0.00 0.00 0.00 
1.2 0.00 0.00 0.00 
1.4 0.01 0.00 0.00 
1.6 0.01 0.00 0.01 
1.8 0.01 -0.01 0.03 
2.0 0.00 -0.01 0.05 
2.2 0.00 -0.01 0.07 
2.4 0.00 0.00 0.09 
2.6 0.01 0.01 0.11 
2.8 0.03 0.08 0.14 
3.0 0.04 0.14 0.17 
3.2 0.06 0.21 0.20 
3.4 0.04 0.29 0.24 
3.6 0.08 0.36 0.27 
3.8 0.12 0.45 0.30 
______________________________________ 
TABLE XXV 
______________________________________ 
Green Exposure 
Relative Log 
Exposure R G B 
______________________________________ 
0.0 0.00 0.00 0.00 
0.2 0.00 0.00 0.00 
0.4 0.00 0.00 0.00 
0.6 0.00 0.00 0.00 
0.8 0.01 0.00 0.00 
1.0 -0.01 0.02 0.00 
1.2 -0.01 0.04 0.00 
1.4 -0.01 0.08 0.00 
1.6 -0.03 0.14 0.01 
1.8 -0.01 0.20 0.01 
2.0 -0.01 0.29 0.01 
2.2 0.00 0.39 0.01 
2.4 -0.02 0.49 0.01 
2.6 0.00 0.55 0.01 
2.8 0.01 0.64 0.01 
3.0 0.06 0.71 0.01 
3.2 0.12 0.80 0.01 
3.4 0.19 0.89 0.01 
3.6 0.32 0.94 0.01 
3.8 0.45 0.98 0.01 
______________________________________ 
TABLE XXVI 
______________________________________ 
Red Exposure 
Relative Log 
Exposure R G B 
______________________________________ 
0.0 0.00 0.00 0.00 
0.2 0.00 0.00 0.00 
0.4 0.00 0.00 0.01 
0.6 -0.01 0.00 0.01 
0.8 0.00 0.00 0.01 
1.0 0.03 0.00 0.02 
1.2 0.05 0.00 0.02 
1.4 0.11 0.00 0.02 
1.6 0.14 0.00 0.02 
1.8 0.18 0.00 0.02 
2.0 0.23 0.01 0.01 
2.2 0.25 0.01 0.01 
2.4 0.28 0.01 0.01 
2.6 0.32 0.02 0.01 
2.8 0.34 0.02 0.01 
3.0 0.37 0.02 0.01 
3.2 0.40 0.02 0.01 
3.4 0.43 0.03 0.00 
3.6 0.45 0.03 0.00 
3.8 0.48 0.03 0.00 
______________________________________ 
Exposing a new piece of film in a conventional exposure device followed by 
photographic processing, scanning, and image data processing as previously 
described yields independent responses for the red, green, and blue 
recording layer units at each pixel in the photographic element. A plot of 
R, B, and G versus input exposure for the neutral exposure provides the 
necessary relationships to convert the independent recording layer 
responses determined to corresponding input exposures. Using the exposure 
values determined for each pixel of the film as input signals to a digital 
printing device produces a photographic reproduction of the original 
scene. 
EXAMPLE 4 
Example 3 was repeated with the exception that the green reflection density 
was measured through the base of the photographically processed film. 
A plot of RTR' versus GRF' for the red separation exposure was made. A best 
fit line satisfying the relationship 
EQU RTR'=a2.times.GRF' 
was determined using standard methods of linear regression over the range 
of exposures where image formation occurred in the red recording layer 
unit only. The response of the red recording layer unit was determined 
using the relationship 
EQU R=a2.times.GRF' 
The response of the green recording layer unit (G) was determined using the 
following relationship 
EQU G=RTR'-B-R 
taking advantage of the spectral neutrality of the developed silver image 
in the three recording layer units and the additivity of transmission 
densities. Photographic reproductions of recorded scenes are produced as 
described previously. 
EXAMPLE 5 
A color recording film containing one fluorescent interlayer and one 
scattering interlayer was prepared by coating the following layers in 
order on a cellulose triacetate film base. All emulsions were sulfur and 
gold chemically sensitized and spectrally sensitized to the appropriate 
part of the spectrum. Interlayer absorber and fluorescent dyes and 
oxidized developer scavenger were conventionally dispersed in the presence 
of coupler solvents such as tricresyl phosphate, dibutyl phthalate, and 
diethyl lauramide. The silver halide emulsions were of the tabular grain 
type except where otherwise stated, and were silver bromoiodide having 
between 1 and 6 mole % iodide. 
Layer 1: Antihalation Underlayer 
Gelatin, [2.5]; 
Antihalation dye C.I. Solvent Blue 35 [0.08]. 
Layer 2: Red Recording Layer 
Gelatin, [2.5]; 
Fast red-sensitized emulsion [0.45] (ECD 3.0 .mu.m, thickness, t, 0.12 
.mu.m); 
Mid red-sensitized emulsion [0.20] (ECD 1.5 .mu.m, t 0.11 .mu.m); 
Slow red-sensitized emulsion [0.45] (ECD 0.72 .mu.m, t 0.11 .mu.m); 
Scavenging agent A [0.3]. 
Layer 3: Scattering Interlayer 
Gelatin [2.7]; 
Ropaque HP-91.TM. [2.0] (a latex of acrylic/styrene hollow polymeric beads, 
mean diameter approximately 1.0 .mu.m, supplied by Rohm and Haas Co.). 
Layer 4: Green-absorbing Layer 
Gelatin [1.0]; 
Sudan Red 7B absorber dye [0.06]. 
Layer 5: Green Recording Layer 
Gelatin [2.0]; 
Fast green-sensitized emulsion [1.0] (ECD 2.3 .mu.m, t 0.12 .mu.m); 
Mid green-sensitized emulsion [0.4] (ECD 1.5 .mu.m, t 0.11 .mu.m); 
Slow green-sensitized emulsion [0.6] (ECD 0.7 .mu.m, t 0.11 .mu.m); 
Scavenging agent A [0.3]. 
Layer 6: Green-emitting Fluorescent Interlayer 
Gelatin [1.8 ]; 
Fluorescent dye GF [0.15 ]; 
Process soluble yellow filter dyes [0.2]. 
Layer 7: Blue-sensitive Layer 
Gelatin [1.5 ]; 
Fast blue-sensitive emulsion [0.20] (ECD 1.0 .mu.m, non-tabular); 
Mid blue-sensitive emulsion [0.10] (ECD 1.39 .mu.m, t 0.11 .mu.m); 
Slow blue-sensitive emulsion [0.08] (ECD 0.72 .mu.m, t 0.08 .mu.m); 
Slow blue-sensitive emulsion [0.12] (ECD 0.32 .mu.m, t 0.07 .mu.m); 
Scavenging agent A [0.1]; 
Bis(vinylsulfonyl)methane [0.22]. 
Layer 7: Supercoat 
Gelatin [1.5 ]. 
Also present in every emulsion containing layer were 
4-hydroxy-6-methyl-1,3,3A,7-tetraazindene, sodium salt, at 1.25 grams per 
mole of silver, and 2-octadecyl-5-sulphohydroquinone, sodium salt, at 2.4 
grams per mole of silver. Surfactants used to aid the coating operation 
are not listed in these examples. 
A sample of the film was sensitometrically exposed to white light through a 
graduated density step wedge (density increment 0.2 density units per 
step), and others were exposed through the graduated step wedge to light 
which had been filtered through Kodak Wratten.TM. 29, 74, and 98 filters, 
to give red, green, and blue exposures, respectively. The exposed film 
samples were developed for three minutes in the following developer 
solution at 25.degree. C. 
______________________________________ 
Concentration 
Component (g/l) 
______________________________________ 
Phenidone .TM. 0.3 
Na.sub.2 CO.sub.3 
22.0 
NaHCO.sub.3 8.0 
Na.sub.2 SO.sub.3 
2.0 
NaBr 0.5 
Cysteine 0.05 
______________________________________ 
pH adjusted to 10.0 with dilute sulfuric acid. The samples were then placed 
for 30 seconds in an acetic acid stop bath, fixed for two minutes in Kodak 
A3000 Fixer.TM. solution (diluted one part fixer with three parts of 
water), washed in running water, soaked for 30 seconds in the following 
solution: 
______________________________________ 
Concentration 
Component (g/l) 
______________________________________ 
Na.sub.2 CO.sub.3 
25 
NaHCO.sub.3 6 
______________________________________ 
and washed for one minute in running water. The carbonate bath improved the 
fluorescence intensity from the interlayer. 
Status A red transmission density (RTR) was measured for all 
photographically processed film samples. Additionally, Status A red and 
green reflection densities (RRF and GRF, respectively) were measured 
through the upper surface of the film samples illuminated with magenta 
light. For each type of measurement (RTR, RRF, and GRF) a minimum density 
(RTRmin, RRFmin, and GRFmin, respectively) was measured for a 
photographically processed film sample that had not been exposed to light. 
New film responses (RTR', RRF', and GRF') were determined for all 
exposures by subtracting the minimum density from the corresponding 
measured responses 
EQU RTR'=RTR-RTRmin 
EQU RRF'=RRF-RRFmin 
EQU GRF'=GRF-GRFmin 
The RTR', RRF', and GRF' responses for the neutral, blue, green, and red 
exposures are tabulated as a function of relative log exposure in Tables 
XXVII through XXX, respectively. 
TABLE XXVII 
______________________________________ 
Neutral Exposure 
Relative Log 
Exposure RTR' RRF' GRF' 
______________________________________ 
0.0 0.00 0.00 0.00 
0.2 0.00 0.00 0.00 
0.4 0.00 0.00 0.00 
0.6 0.01 0.00 0.00 
0.8 0.02 0.00 0.00 
1.0 0.03 0.01 0.00 
1.2 0.06 0.05 0.01 
1.4 0.10 0.08 0.01 
1.6 0.12 0.11 0.02 
1.8 0.14 0.15 0.03 
2.0 0.18 0.17 0.03 
2.2 0.21 0.20 0.04 
2.4 0.24 0.24 0.05 
2.6 0.26 0.28 0.06 
2.8 0.28 0.31 0.06 
3.0 0.30 0.35 0.07 
3.2 0.32 0.38 0.08 
3.4 0.34 0.40 0.09 
3.6 0.36 0.42 0.10 
3.8 0.38 0.44 0.11 
4.0 0.40 0.46 0.12 
______________________________________ 
TABLE XXVIII 
______________________________________ 
Blue Exposure 
Relative Log 
Exposure RTR' RRF' GRF' 
______________________________________ 
0.0 0.00 0.00 0.00 
0.2 0.00 0.01 0.01 
0.4 0.01 0.00 0.00 
0.6 0.01 0.00 0.00 
0.8 0.01 0.00 0.00 
1.0 0.01 0.01 0.01 
1.2 0.02 0.02 0.02 
1.4 0.03 0.03 0.03 
1.6 0.04 0.05 0.04 
1.8 0.05 0.07 0.06 
2.0 0.06 0.11 0.07 
2.2 0.08 0.13 0.08 
2.4 0.10 0.15 0.09 
2.6 0.12 0.17 0.10 
2.8 0.14 0.19 0.11 
3.0 0.16 0.21 0.12 
3.2 0.19 0.25 0.14 
3.4 0.22 0.27 0.15 
3.6 0.23 0.29 0.18 
3.8 0.25 0.33 0.21 
4.0 0.27 0.37 0.24 
______________________________________ 
TABLE XXIX 
______________________________________ 
Green Exposure 
Relative Log 
Exposure RTR' RRF' GRF' 
______________________________________ 
0.0 0.00 0.00 0.00 
0.2 0.00 0.01 0.00 
0.4 0.00 0.01 0.00 
0.6 0.00 0.03 0.00 
0.8 0.02 0.04 0.01 
1.0 0.04 0.08 0.01 
1.2 0.06 0.13 0.01 
1.4 0.08 0.17 0.02 
1.6 0.10 0.20 0.03 
1.8 0.12 0.23 0.04 
2.0 0.15 0.25 0.03 
2.2 0.17 0.28 0.03 
2.4 0.19 0.30 0.02 
2.6 0.22 0.32 0.02 
2.8 0.25 0.35 0.01 
3.0 0.29 0.38 0.02 
3.2 0.31 0.41 0.01 
3.4 0.33 0.42 0.01 
3.6 0.35 0.44 0.01 
3.8 0.37 0.46 0.00 
4.0 0.38 0.47 0.01 
______________________________________ 
TABLE XXX 
______________________________________ 
Red Exposure 
Relative Log 
Exposure RTR' RRF' GRF' 
______________________________________ 
0.0 0.00 0.00 0.00 
0.2 0.00 0.00 0.00 
0.4 0.00 0.00 0.00 
0.6 0.00 0.01 0.00 
0.8 0.00 0.01 0.00 
1.0 0.00 0.01 0.01 
1.2 0.01 0.02 0.02 
1.4 0.02 0.02 0.02 
1.6 0.03 0.00 0.01 
1.8 0.04 0.01 0.01 
2.0 0.04 0.01 0.01 
2.2 0.06 0.02 0.02 
2.4 0.07 0.02 0.01 
2.6 0.08 0.02 0.02 
2.8 0.09 0.01 0.01 
3.0 0.10 0.01 0.02 
3.2 0.12 0.01 0.02 
3.4 0.14 0.02 0.02 
3.6 0.15 0.02 0.02 
3.8 0.17 0.02 0.02 
4.0 0.18 0.02 0.01 
______________________________________ 
Inspection of Tables XXVIII through XXX indicates that the measured 
responses do not provide a direct measure of the individual recording 
layer unit images with the exception of GRF' as a measure of the blue 
recording layer unit image. The measured RTR' and RRF' responses are 
affected by imagewise development in other recording layer units due to 
the spectral neutrality of developed silver and the additivity of density. 
Mathematical manipulation of the measured responses was used to determine 
the individual images in the red, green, and blue recording layer units 
(R, G, and B, respectively) in terms of their corresponding transmission 
densities. 
A plot of RTR' versus GRF' for the blue separation exposure was made. A 
best fit line satisfying the relationship 
EQU RTR'=a1.times.GRF' 
was determined using standard methods of linear regression over the range 
of exposures where image formation occurred in the blue recording layer 
unit only. A value of 1.231 was found for a1. The response of the blue 
recording layer unit (B) was determined using the relationship 
EQU B=a1.times.BRF'. 
A plot of RRF' versus GRF' was made for the same exposure. A best fit line 
satisfying the relationship 
EQU RRF'=a2.times.GRF' 
was determined using standard methods of linear regression over the range 
of exposures where image formation occurred in the blue recording layer 
unit only. A value of 1.654 was found for a2. 
A plot of RTR' versus RRF' for the green separation exposure was made. A 
best fit line satisfying the relationship 
EQU RTR'=a3.times.RRF' 
was determined using standard methods of linear regression over the range 
of exposures where image formation occurred in the green recording layer 
unit only. A value of 0.527 was found for a3. The response of the green 
recording layer unit (G) was determined using the relationship 
EQU G=a3.times.[RRF'-(a2.times.GRF')]. 
The response of the red recording layer unit (R) was determined using the 
following relationship 
EQU R=RTR'-B-G 
taking advantage of the spectral neutrality of the developed silver image 
in the three recording layer units and the additivity of transmission 
densities. 
The independent recording layer responses (R, G, and B) determined for the 
neutral, blue, green, and red exposures determined using the relationships 
previously described are listed in Tables XXXI through XXXIV, 
respectively. 
TABLE XXXI 
______________________________________ 
Neutral Exposure 
Relative Log 
Exposure R G B 
______________________________________ 
0.0 0.00 0.00 0.00 
0.2 0.00 0.00 0.00 
0.4 0.00 0.00 0.00 
0.6 0.01 0.00 0.00 
0.8 0.02 0.00 0.00 
1.0 0.02 0.01 0.00 
1.2 0.03 0.02 0.01 
1.4 0.05 0.03 0.01 
1.6 0.05 0.04 0.02 
1.8 0.05 0.05 0.04 
2.0 0.08 0.06 0.04 
2.2 0.09 0.07 0.05 
2.4 0.10 0.08 0.06 
2.6 0.09 0.10 0.07 
2.8 0.10 0.11 0.07 
3.0 0.09 0.12 0.09 
3.2 0.09 0.13 0.10 
3.4 0.10 0.13 0.11 
3.6 0.10 0.13 0.12 
3.8 0.11 0.14 0.14 
4.0 0.11 0.14 0.15 
______________________________________ 
TABLE XXXII 
______________________________________ 
Blue Exposure 
Relative Log 
Exposure R G B 
______________________________________ 
0.0 0.00 0.00 0.00 
0.2 -0.01 0.00 0.01 
0.4 0.01 0.00 0.00 
0.6 0.01 0.00 0.00 
0.8 0.01 0.00 0.00 
1.0 0.00 0.00 0.01 
1.2 0.00 -0.01 0.02 
1.4 0.00 -0.01 0.04 
1.6 0.00 -0.01 0.05 
1.8 -0.01 -0.02 0.07 
2.0 -0.02 0.00 0.09 
2.2 -0.02 0.00 0.10 
2.4 -0.01 0.00 0.11 
2.6 -0.01 0.00 0.12 
2.8 0.00 0.00 0.14 
3.0 0.01 0.01 0.15 
3.2 0.01 0.01 0.17 
3.4 0.02 0.01 0.18 
3.6 0.01 0.00 0.22 
3.8 0.00 -0.01 0.26 
4.0 -0.01 -0.01 0.30 
______________________________________ 
TABLE XXXIII 
______________________________________ 
Green Exposure 
Relative Log 
Exposure R G B 
______________________________________ 
0.0 0.00 0.00 0.00 
0.2 -0.01 0.01 0.00 
0.4 -0.01 0.01 0.00 
0.6 -0.02 0.02 0.00 
0.8 0.00 0.01 0.01 
1.0 -0.01 0.03 0.01 
1.2 -0.01 0.06 0.01 
1.4 -0.02 0.07 0.02 
1.6 -0.02 0.08 0.04 
1.8 -0.02 0.09 0.05 
2.0 0.01 0.11 0.04 
2.2 0.01 0.12 0.04 
2.4 0.02 0.14 0.02 
2.6 0.04 0.15 0.02 
2.8 0.06 0.18 0.01 
3.0 0.08 0.18 0.02 
3.2 0.09 0.21 0.01 
3.4 0.11 0.21 0.01 
3.6 0.11 0.22 0.01 
3.8 0.13 0.24 0.00 
4.0 0.14 0.26 -0.01 
______________________________________ 
TABLE XXXIV 
______________________________________ 
Red Exposure 
Relative Log 
Exposure R G B 
______________________________________ 
0.0 0.00 0.00 0.00 
0.2 0.00 0.00 0.00 
0.4 0.00 0.00 0.00 
0.6 -0.01 0.01 0.00 
0.8 -0.01 0.01 0.00 
1.0 -0.01 0.00 0.01 
1.2 -0.01 -0.01 0.02 
1.4 0.00 -0.01 0.02 
1.6 0.03 -0.01 0.01 
1.8 0.03 0.00 0.01 
2.0 0.03 0.00 0.01 
2.2 0.04 -0.01 0.02 
2.4 0.06 0.00 0.01 
2.6 0.06 -0.01 0.02 
2.8 0.08 0.00 0.01 
3.0 0.09 -0.01 0.02 
3.2 0.11 -0.01 0.02 
3.4 0.12 -0.01 0.02 
3.6 0.13 -0.01 0.02 
3.8 0.15 -0.01 0.02 
4.0 0.17 0.00 0.01 
______________________________________ 
Photographic reproductions of recorded scenes can be produced in the same 
manner as previously described. 
The invention has been described in detail with particular reference to 
certain preferred embodiments thereof, but it will be understood that 
variations and modifications can be effected within the spirit and scope 
of the invention.