Toolholder with floating roller

A toolholder apparatus includes a head, a cutting tool mounting fixture attached to the head for holding the cutting tool, and a floating roller assembly pivotally mounted relative to the head. These components are arranged and constructed so that during the cutting of a workpiece with the cutting tool the floating roller assembly can pivot about a pivotal axis relative to the head to allow the floating roller assembly to align with the workpiece. A mechanism is also provided for accomplishing the initial adjustment of alignment of the cutting tool with the rotating workpiece. This mechanism includes a cylindrical shaft extending from the head, and having an eccentric cam follower lug extending transversely from the shaft. A mounting block has a cylindrical bore disposed therethrough, and the shaft is received through the bore of the mounting block. A cam piece is slideably disposed within the mounting block to rotate the shaft as the cam piece slides relative to the mounting block. An adjuster is provided for moving the cam piece relative to the mounting block. Methods are also provided for machining an elongated rotating workpiece utilizing the apparatus described.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
1. Field of the Invention 
The present invention is directed generally to methods and apparatus for 
holding a cutting tool for an automatic machine tool. 
2. Description of the Prior Art 
Typical prior art toolholders are shown in the brochures entitled "C. J. 
Winter Model 108 Shavetool Holder" and "Davenport Ordering Guide--Screw 
Machine Tool Co., Inc." and in U.S. Pat. No. 2,364,320 to Schlitters. A 
cutting tool holder using micrometer adjusting screws for lateral and 
longitudinal positioning is shown in U.S. Pat. No. 3,566,723 to Oborne. 
A typical prior art toolholder includes a supporting roller disposed 
opposite the cutting tool mounting fixture. That supporting roller, 
however, is fixed relative to the cutting tool mounting fixture once the 
distance therebetween has been adjusted to determine the finished 
dimension of the rotating workpiece. This can lead to an improper cutting 
of the workpiece as illustrated in the sequential series of FIGS. 1A-1C. 
FIG. 1A schematically illustrates a rotating workpiece 10 prior to the same 
being engaged by a cutting tool. 
In FIG. 1B a prior art toolholder 12 has engaged the workpiece 10. The 
toolholder 12 is schematically illustrated and includes a supporting 
roller 14, a cutting tool mounting fixture 16, and a cutting tool 18. The 
supporting roller 14 is carried by a cradle or other support structure 20. 
In FIG. 1B, a situation has been schematically illustrated wherein a center 
line 22 of the roller 14 is not exactly parallel to a top cutting edge 24 
of the cutting tool 18, or to a center line 26 of the rotating workpiece 
10. FIG. 1B illustrates the situation where the top edge 24 of the cutting 
tool 18 has been properly aligned parallel to the center line 26 of the 
workpiece 10. However, upon engagement of the roller 14 with the workpiece 
10 the roller 14 has slightly bent or deflected the workpiece 16 so that a 
reduced diameter portion 28 thereof now lies parallel to the center line 
22 of roller 14, but is no longer parallel to the top cutting edge 24 of 
cutting tool 18. This causes the cutting tool 18 to make a tapered cut on 
the reduced diameter portion 28, thus resulting in a defective finished 
part 10 as shown in FIG. 1C having a machined surface 30 which is tapered 
rather than being cylindrical as desired. 
Thus, it is seen, that there is a need for a toolholder device which can 
overcome the problem of the prior art illustrated in FIGS. 1A-1C. 
These same prior art toolholders also are very difficult to adjust for 
initial alignment of the cutting tool 18 with the workpiece 10. The prior 
art toolholders include a shaft attached to a head. The shaft has a flat 
portion defined thereon which is engaged by two opposed machine screws 
which are offset from a centerline of the shaft. To adjust the rotational 
position of the shaft about its centerline, both screws must be adjusted. 
This requires the machine operator to use both hands, advancing a screw on 
one side and retracting the opposing screw on the other side. 
Thus, there is also a need for an improved means of adjusting the initial 
alignment of the cutting tool. 
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
Methods and apparatus are provided for overcoming the problems illustrated. 
A toolholder apparatus is provided which includes a head, a cutting tool 
mounting fixture attached to the head for holding a cutting tool, and a 
floating roller assembly pivotally mounted relative to the head, so that 
during cutting of the workpiece with the cutting tool, the floating roller 
assembly can pivot about a pivotal axis relative to the head to allow the 
roller assembly to align with the workpiece. 
The floating roller assembly is preferably carried by a roller assembly 
support. The roller assembly support includes an abutment surface which 
limits pivotal movement thereof relative to the head of the toolholder. A 
resilient member is located between the abutment surface of the roller 
assembly support and the roller assembly so as to cushion pivotal movement 
of the roller and also so as to bias the roller toward a central pivotal 
position. The resilient member is preferably a flat sheet of elastomeric 
material sandwiched between the abutment surface of the roller assembly 
support and a second surface of the roller assembly itself. 
This apparatus, and the methods of using the same, prevent distortion of 
the rotating workpiece due to any initial misalignment of the roller with 
the rotating workpiece, thereby resulting in an even cut of the rotating 
workpiece by a cutting tool held by the toolholder of the present 
invention. 
In another aspect of the present invention, methods and apparatus are 
provided for improving the precision and ease with which the initial 
alignment of the cutting tool with the rotating workpiece can be 
accomplished. In this aspect, the toolholder includes a cylindrical shaft 
extending from the head assembly, and includes an eccentric cam follower 
lug extending transversely from the shaft. The toolholder includes a 
mounting block having a cylindrical bore dispose therethrough, with the 
shaft being received in the bore of the mounting block. A cam piece is 
slideably disposed within the mounting block. The cam piece is engaged 
with the eccentric cam follower lug so that the shaft is rotated relative 
to the mounting block as the cam piece slides relative to the mounting 
block. A cam piece position adjuster connects the cam piece to the 
mounting block. This adjuster has an adjustable threaded engagement with 
the cam piece so that rotation of the adjuster relative to the mounting 
block varies the threaded engagement of the adjuster with the cam piece 
and slides the cam piece relative to the mounting block. Thus, by the 
rotation of one and only one bidirectional threaded adjuster of the 
toolholder, the adjustment of the alignment of the cutting tool relative 
to the elongated rotating workpiece can be accomplished by a human 
operator using only a single hand engaging the adjuster with an 
appropriate tool. 
Thus, a first object of the present invention is the provision of methods 
and apparatus for holding a cutting tool for a multi-spindle bar machine. 
Another object of the present invention is the provision of such methods 
and apparatus including a floating roller assembly which automatically 
aligns itself with the rotating workpiece upon engagement therewith so as 
to prevent distortion of the workpiece due to engagement thereof by the 
roller. 
Yet another object of the present invention is the prevention of distortion 
of the rotating workpiece due to any initial misalignment of a roller of a 
toolholder with the rotating workpiece, thereby preventing uneven cutting 
of the rotating workpiece by a cutting tool which has been previously 
aligned with the workpiece. 
Still another object of the present invention is the provision of methods 
and apparatus for initial alignment of the cutting tool with the rotating 
workpiece. 
Numerous other objects, features and advantages of the present invention 
will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art after a reading of 
the following disclosure when taken in conjunction with the accompanying 
drawings.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT 
The Head Assembly 
The toolholder apparatus of the present invention is shown in FIGS. 3 
through 8 and is generally designated by the numeral 32. The toolholder 
apparatus 32 includes a head assembly generally designated the by numeral 
34. A cutting tool mounting fixture 36 is attached to the head assembly 34 
for holding a cutting tool insert 38. The particular cutting tool insert 
38 illustrated herein is of the type commonly referred to as a shave tool 
and the toolholder 32 is of the type which is often referred to as a shave 
toolholder 32. 
The head assembly 34 includes a yoke 40 having a cylindrical shaft 42 
rigidly attached thereto and extending therefrom. The head assembly 34 
further includes a riser block 44 which is mounted upon the yoke 40 in the 
following manner. 
The yoke 40 includes a solid yoke body 46 (see FIG. 4) having first and 
second parallel vertical bores 48 and 50 defined therein. The riser block 
44 includes upper and lower flanges 52 and 54 which are received about the 
solid block portion 46 of yoke 40. The upper flange 52 has flange bores 56 
and 58 therethrough which align with the bores 48 and 50 of solid block 
portion 46. First and second cylindrical pins 60 and 62 are received 
through upper flange 52 and through the bores 48 and 50, respectively, of 
solid portion 46 of yoke 40, to connect the riser block 44 to the yoke 40. 
A locking screw 63 disposed in a threaded screw hole 65 of yoke 40 holds 
the pin 62 in place relative to the yoke 40. A similar locking screw (not 
shown), holds pin 60 in place. 
A spring member 64 is disposed between a lower surface 61 of solid member 
46 and the lower flange 54 of riser block 44, and is held in receiving 
cavities (not shown) of those components in order to bias the riser block 
44 downwardly relative to yoke 40. As is further described below, upon 
engagement of the roller assembly with the rotating workpiece, the roller 
assembly as carried by the riser block 44 rolls upward on to the rotating 
workpiece, thus causing the riser block 44 to slide upward on pins 60 and 
62 relative to yoke 40 thus compressing the spring member 64. 
A nylon setscrew 66 is disposed through a threaded screw hole 68 of upper 
flange 52 to engage an upper surface 70 of solid block portion 46 to limit 
a downward position of riser block 44 relative to yoke 40. 
The head assembly 34 further includes a head 72 carried by the riser block 
44. A forward face 74 of riser block 44 has an undercut groove 76 defined 
therein for receiving a dovetail 78 defined upon a back side of head 72. A 
pair of setscrews 80 and 82 disposed through the upper flange 52 of riser 
block 44 engage the dovetail 78 to hold the head 72 in place relative to 
riser block 44. 
A stop block 84 is attached to the lower flange 54 of riser block 44 with 
screw 86 for engagement with dovetail 78 of head 72 to define the lateral 
position of head 72 relative to riser block 44. 
The cutting tool mounting fixture 36 includes an anvil 88 and a clamp 90. 
The anvil 88 is attached to a lower flange 92 of head 72 by a pair of 
anvil screws 94 and 96. The clamp 90 is attached to head 72 by a pair of 
clamp screws 98 and 100 which thread into the lower flange 92 of head 72. 
The cutting tool insert 38 is clamped between the clamp 90 and anvil 88 to 
hold the same in place relative to the head assembly 34. 
The head 72 includes a vertical flange 102 having a vertical dovetail 104 
defined thereon. A roller assembly support 106 has a vertical undercut 
groove 108 defined in a back face thereof, and the vertical dovetail 104 
of mounting block 72 is received within the undercut groove 108 of roller 
assembly support 106 so as to mount the roller assembly support 106 upon 
the head 72 of head assembly 34. 
The vertical position of the roller assembly support 106 upon the head 72 
is adjustable by means of a dial screw 110 which an also be referred to as 
an adjustable connector 110. 
The dial screw 110 is threadably received in a threaded bore 112 (see FIG. 
11) of head 72 with a cylindrical dial screw head 113 slideably received 
within a smooth counter bore 114 defined at the upper end of threaded bore 
112 in head 72. 
The dial screw head 113 has a circumferential groove 116 (see FIG. 4) 
defined therein which receives an arcuate tongue 118 defined in the roller 
assembly support 106 as is best illustrated in FIGS. 9 and 10. Thus, as 
the dial screw 110 is rotated relative to the threaded bore 112 of head 
72, the dial screw 110 will advance or withdraw from the threaded bore 112 
carrying the roller assembly support therewith in a slideable fashion with 
the under cut groove 108 of roller assembly support 106 sliding upward 
relative to the vertical dovetail 104. 
After the vertical position of roller assembly support 106 has been 
adjusted as desired upon the head 72, the roller assembly support 106 is 
locked in place relative to the head 72 by a pair of setscrews 120 and 
122. 
The setscrews 120 and 122 thread into bores 124 and 126 of roller assembly 
support 106 and bear against a resiliently cantilevered lip 128 which in 
turn is biased by the setscrews 120 and 122 into clamping engagement with 
the vertical dovetail 104 of head 72. The cantilevered lip 128 is created 
by a vertical cut 130 in the roller assembly support 106 as best seen in 
FIG. 9. 
The Floating Roller Assembly 
A floating roller assembly 132 is pivotally mounted relative to the head 
assembly 34 and the roller assembly support 106 so that during the cutting 
of a rotating workpiece 134 with the cutting tool 38, the roller assembly 
132 can pivot about a pivotal axis 136 relative to the head assembly 34 to 
allow the floating roller assembly 132 to align with the rotating 
workpiece 134. 
The dial screw or adjustable connector 110 is located between the floating 
roller assembly 132 and the head assembly 34 so that a distance between 
the floating roller assembly 132 and the cutting tool 38 can be adjusted 
with the adjustable connector 110 to adjust a finished dimension 138 (see 
FIG. 2C) on the workpiece 134. 
The floating roller assembly 132 includes a roller cradle 140, and a roller 
142. The roller cradle 140 includes opposed arms 144 and 146 having 
horizontal bores 148 and 150 defined therethrough. The roller 142 is 
received between arms 144 and 146 and is mounted upon a roller pin 152. 
Roller 142 has a cylindrical bore 154 defined therethrough through which 
the pin 152 is received. The pin 152 has the ends thereof received in the 
bores 148 and 150 of arms 144 and 146 of roller cradle 140. Pin 152 is 
held in place by setscrews 156 and 158. The pin bore 154 is dimensioned so 
that the roller 142 can freely roll upon pin 152. 
A center line 160 of pin 152 and roller 142 defines a rotational axis 160 
of the roller 142. 
As is best seen in FIG. 10, the roller assembly support 106 has a 
downwardly open square cut groove 162 defined therein by a downward facing 
planar surface 164 and opposed side facing planar surfaces 166 and 168. 
The roller cradle 140 has a substantially boxed shaped central portion 170 
(see FIG. 4) which has a flat upward facing surface 172 and front and rear 
side surfaces 174 and 176 which are closely received within the square cut 
groove 162 of roller assembly support 106. 
A pivot pin 178 provides a pivotal connection between the roller assembly 
support 106 and the roller cradle 140 of floating roller assembly 132. 
When the roller cradle 140 is disposed within the square cut groove 162 of 
roller assembly support 106, the pivot pin 178 is then disposed through a 
bore 180 defined through the side wall 166, a bore 182 disposed through 
the boxed shaped central portion 170 of roller cradle 140 and into a blind 
bore (not shown) disposed in the side wall 168 (see FIG. 10) of roller 
assembly support 106. Bore 180 is slightly smaller than pin 178, creating 
a mild interference fit therebetween. Bore 182 is slightly larger than pin 
178, so roller cradle 140 pivots freely on pin 178. 
The pivotal axis 136 of pivot pin 178 is transverse to and spaced apart 
from the rotational axis 160 of roller 142. 
Referring again to FIG. 10, the downward facing planar surface 164 of 
square cut groove 162 may be defined as an abutment surface of roller 
assembly support 106 which limits pivotal movement of the roller cradle 
140 and the roller 142 relative to the head assembly 34. 
A resilient member 184 is located between the abutment surface 164 and the 
roller cradle 140 to cushion movement of the roller cradle 140 toward the 
abutment surface 164. The upward facing surface 172 of the boxed shaped 
central portion 170 of roller cradle 140 may be described as a second 
planar surface 172. The resilient member 184 is preferably a flat sheet of 
elastomeric material 184 which is sandwiched between the planar abutment 
surface 164 of roller assembly support 106 and the upward facing planar 
surface 172 of roller cradle 140. 
It is noted that the resilient sheet 184 serves several purposes. One 
purpose is to cushion pivotal movement of the roller cradle 140 relative 
to roller assembly support 106. A second purpose is to bias the roller 
cradle 140 toward a central pivotal position relative to the roller 
assembly support 106. Also the sheet 184 fills the space between surfaces 
164 and 172, and serves as a seal to prevent debris from being caught 
between those surfaces. If debris were trapped between those surfaces, the 
free pivoting movement of roller cradle 140 would be inhibited. 
In a preferred embodiment, the elastomeric sheet member 184 has a thickness 
of approximately 1/16 inch and the total pivotal movement of roller cradle 
140 relative to roller assembly support 106 about the pivotal axis 136 is 
preferably a relatively small arc in a range of from about 1.degree. to 
about 1.degree.30'. 
Shaft Adjustment Mechanism 
Referring now primarily to FIGS. 3 and 4, and particularly to the right 
hand sides thereof, the mounting block and shaft adjustment portion of the 
toolholder 32 will be described. 
As previously noted, a cylindrical shaft 42 extends rearward from the yoke 
40 of head assembly 34. An eccentric cam follower lug 186 is detachably 
attached to shaft 42 by machine screws 188 and 190. The eccentric cam 
follower lug extends transversely from the shaft 42. The eccentric cam 
follower lug 186 includes a partially cylindrical end piece 187. 
The toolholder 32 includes a mounting block 192 having a mounting block 
body 194 and a mounting block end cap 196 detachably attached to the 
mounting block body 194 by machine screws 198, 200, 202 and 204. 
The mounting block body 194 has a cylindrical bore 206 defined 
therethrough. The shaft 42 is disposed through the cylindrical bore 206. 
As is seen in FIG. 3, the head assembly 34 of toolholder 32 and the 
eccentric cam follower lug 186 are disposed on opposite sides of the 
mounting block body 194 with the eccentric cam follower lug 186 being 
disposed within the mounting block end cap 196. 
A cam piece 208 is a substantially rectangular block shaped piece which is 
disposed within a complimentary shaped forward facing square cut groove 
210 defined in the mounting block end cap 196. 
The cam piece 208 has a forward facing notch 212 cut therein and defined by 
opposing planar walls 214 and 216 so that the partially cylindrical end 
piece 187 of eccentric cam follower lug 186 has a sliding machine fit 
engagement with both of the opposing planar walls 214 and 216 as seen in 
FIG. 3. Thus, the cam piece 208 is engaged with the eccentric cam follower 
lug 186 so that the shaft 42 is rotated relative to the mounting block 192 
as the cam piece 208 slides laterally relative to the mounting block 192. 
More particularly, the close machine fit engagement of the opposing planar 
walls 214 and 216 with the partially cylindrical end piece 187 controls 
rotational position of the shaft 42 within the mounting block 192, said 
rotational position being defined by the position of the cam piece 208 
relative to the mounting block 192. 
A dial screw 218, which functions as a cam piece position adjuster 218, 
connects the sliding cam piece 208 to the mounting block 192 in the 
following fashion. 
Front and back adjusting screw retainers 220 and 222, respectively, are 
place about a head 224 of dial screw 218, and are attached to the mounting 
block end cap 196 by machine screws 226, 228, 230 and 232. 
A threaded portion 234 of dial screw 218 threadedly engages a threaded bore 
236 of cam piece 208. Thus, as the head 224 of dial screw 218, which is 
captured between retainers 220 and 222, is rotated, the position of the 
cam piece 208 translates laterally. 
Thus the rotation of the dial screw 218, which can be described as rotating 
one and only one bi-directionally threaded adjuster 218, adjusts the 
sliding position of cam piece 208 and thus adjusts the rotational position 
of shaft 42 and the alignment of recutting tool 38 relative to the 
elongated rotating workpiece 134. This can be accomplished by a human 
operator using one and only one hand to engage the dial screw 218 with an 
appropriate tool such as an Allen wrench. 
The sliding cam piece 208 and the mounting block end cap 196 and dial screw 
218 are so arranged and constructed that the shaft 42 can be rotated 
through an arc of at least about 2.degree.. 
The other side of the mounting block end cap 196 is closed by a stop plate 
238 attached thereto by a plurality of machine screws such as 240. 
The toolholder 32 further includes a shaft locking mechanism 242 
constructed to selectively lock the shaft 42 in place within the bore 206 
of mounting block body 194. The shaft locking mechanism includes an 
arcuate shape shaft lock or brake piece 244 which has an arcuate surface 
246 which is closely received about the outer cylindrical surface of shaft 
42. The lock piece 244 is received within an eccentric offset cavity 248 
defined in mounting block body 194 and communicated with the bore 206 
thereof. A set screw 250 is disposed through a threaded screw bore 252 in 
the upper portion of mounting block body 194 and engages a top surface 254 
of lock piece 244 to press the lock piece 244 firmly against the outer 
surface of shaft 42 to lock shaft 42 rotationally in place relative to 
mounting block body 194. 
The toolholder 32 is mounted to a tool slide 255 of a conventional multiple 
spindle bar machine in a conventional manner. This is best seen in FIG. 5. 
A mounting key 256 is held in place relative to mounting block body 194 by 
bolts 258 and 260, which extend through key 256 and thread into an 
inverted T-shaped block 267 received in groove 262. The mounting key 256 
is received within a groove 262 defined in the tool slide 255 as best seen 
in FIG. 5. The toolholder 32 is held in place relative to the tool slide 
255 by bolts 264 and 266 which attach to an inverted T-shaped block 268 as 
seen in FIG. 5. 
Methods 
It should now be apparent that the apparatus of the present invention can 
be utilized in a fashion to provide improved methods of machining 
elongated rotating workpieces on multi-spindled automatic bar machines 
with a cutting tool held in a toolholder. The apparatus of the present 
invention is generally utilized in the following manner. 
First, it is desired to align the top cutting edge 270 of the cutting tool 
insert 38 with the elongated rotating workpiece 134 and particularly with 
a longitudinal axis of rotation 272 of the workpiece 134. Typically, to 
provide a straight cylindrical finished outer surface on the rotating 
workpiece 134, the top edge 270 of cutting tool insert 38 will be aligned 
parallel to the rotational axis 272 of rotating workpiece 134. 
This is accomplished with the methods and apparatus of the present 
invention in a very simple manner. The operator of the equipment merely 
engages the dial screw 218 with an appropriate tool such as an Allen 
wrench, and the operator can with a single hand rotate the dial screw 218 
clockwise or counter clockwise to slide the cam piece 208. The sliding cam 
piece 208 moves lug 186 attached to shaft 42 thus rotating the shaft 42 to 
adjust the alignment of the top edge 270 of the cutting tool insert 38 
relative to the rotational axis 272 of the elongated rotating workpiece 
134. 
This adjustment can be made by the operator with a single hand, and can be 
adjusted in either direction by the permitted bidirectional rotation of 
the dial screw 218 back and forth to align the cutting tool insert 36. 
After the shaft 42 is rotationally adjusted to align the top edge 270 of 
cutting tool insert 38 as desired, the shaft 42 is locked in position by 
tightening the set screw 250 of shaft locking mechanism 242. 
After the alignment of the cutting tool insert 36 as just described, the 
toolholder 32 is ready to be engaged with the rotating workpiece 134. 
As will be understood by those skilled in the art, the conventional 
multiple spindled bar machine includes a mechanism which moves a plurality 
of tool slides such as 255 toward and away from a plurality of rotating 
workpieces as the rotating workpieces are indexed about a central axis of 
the machine tool. 
To engage the cutting tool 38 with the rotating workpiece 134, the tool 
slide 255 is translated laterally to the left from the position shown in 
FIG. 5 to move the roller 142 and cutting tool insert 38 into engagement 
with the rotating workpiece 134. 
As will be understood by those skilled in the art, the roller 142 will 
first engage the rotating workpiece 134 before the cutting tool insert 38. 
With the pivoted floating roller assembly 132 of the present invention, as 
the roller 142 is engaging with the rotating workpiece 134, the roller 
will first automatically move into conforming alignment with the rotating 
workpiece 134 by pivotal movement of the roller assembly 132 about pivotal 
axis 136 of pivot pin 178. Then, the roller 142 rolls upward upon the 
rotating workpiece 134 pulling the top edge 270 of cutting tool insert 38 
into an even cutting engagement with the rotating workpiece 134. 
The conforming alignment which is automatically provided between the 
floating roller assembly 132 and the rotating workpiece 134 prevents 
distortion of the rotating workpiece, such as that illustrated for the 
prior art in FIG. 1B, due to any initial misalignment which might exist 
between the roller 142 and the rotating workpiece 134. This results in an 
even cutting of the outer surface of the rotating workpiece 134 so as to 
provide a straight cylindrical cut having an outer surface 274 as shown in 
FIG. 2C. 
The pivotal movement of the roller 142 relative to the head assembly 34 is 
limited by the abutment surface 164 of groove 162 of roller assembly 
support 106. Furthermore, this movement is cushioned by the presence of 
the resilient elastomeric sheet 184. That same resilient elastomeric sheet 
184 has previously biased the roller assembly 132 toward a central 
position thereof within its allowed arc of pivotal movement. 
The methods and apparatus of the present invention provide a system whereby 
the initial alignment of the cutting tool with the rotating workpiece can 
be easily and precisely achieved by the machine operator by a very simple 
one handed adjustment of the dial screw 218. Subsequently, as the roller 
assembly and cutting tool insert are moved into engagement with the 
rotating workpiece, the roller assembly 132 automatically aligns itself 
with the rotating workpiece 134 thus preventing any distortion thereof and 
allowing the previously aligned cutting tool insert 38 to move into an 
even cutting engagement with the rotating workpiece 134. 
Thus is it seen that the methods and apparatus of the present invention 
readily achieve the ends and advantages mentioned as well as those 
inherent therein. While certain preferred embodiments of the present 
invention have been illustrated and described for the purposes of the 
present disclosure, numerous changes in the arrangement and construction 
of parts and steps may be made by those skilled in the art, which changes 
are encompassed within the scope and spirit of the present invention as 
defined by the appended claims.