High pressure water/foam nozzle assembly

A high pressure water/foam nozzle assembly is disclosed which includes a barrel having a first end, a second end and a collar positioned about the first end. The assembly also includes first, second and third nozzles positioned in the barrel. Each of the nozzles can emit a different spray pattern. A selection mechanism is positioned adjacent to the second end of the barrel and is rotatable between three positions which align with the three nozzles. The assembly further includes a control mechanism secured to the second end of the selection mechanism which controls the flow of water and/or foam through one of the three nozzles. A handle and trigger are connected to the control mechanism. The trigger activates the flow of water and/or foam through one of the three nozzles. An infrared camera is removably secured to the control mechanism and is used to detect hot spots in a fire.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

This invention relates to a high pressure water/foam nozzle assembly used to fight fires.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Fires can occur at any time and in almost any place. A fire often starts because of human error, accidents, arson, electrical failures or simply due to forces of nature. A raging fire in a residential, commercial, industrial, or farm building can be extremely dangerous and can result in severe property damage. Injury or death can also occur to humans, pets and farm animals. The longer a fire burns, the bigger the fire grows and the more difficult it becomes to extinguish the inferno. Because it typically takes a fire department several minutes to respond to a fire call, the fire has a chance to grow exponentially until the fire fighters arrive to combat the flames.

Conventionally, fire fighters have used water hoses to battle a burning fire. The water is usually withdrawn from a fire hydrant, a pumper truck or a nearby body of water. A large diameter fire hose is connected to the fire hydrant, to an outlet formed on a pumper truck, or to a low pressure pump connected to the body of water. The water is routed to an adjustable nozzle located on the opposite end of the fire hose. The fire fighters manually hold the nozzle and direct the stream of water onto the burning fire. The water is usually dispensed from the nozzle at a relatively low pressure. The firefighters are trained to extinguish the fire by smothering it with large quantities of water to deprive it of the oxygen necessary for combustion.

This method of fighting fires is not always the most useful especially when the fire involves burning chemicals which may explode when contacted by water. Furthermore, in many instances, it may be difficult to deliver the water to the upper floors of a tall building. Still further, some fires occur were an abundance of water is not available.

Now, a high pressure water/foam nozzle assembly has been invented which is extremely useful in fighting fires.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

Briefly, this invention relates to a high pressure water/foam nozzle assembly used to fight fires. The high pressure water/foam nozzle assembly includes a hollow elongated barrel having a longitudinal central axis. The barrel has an external surface with a first end and a second end. A collar is positioned about the first end which protrudes outward from the external surface. The nozzle assembly also includes a first nozzle, a second nozzle and a third nozzle. The three nozzles are radially aligned around the longitudinal central axis of the barrel. Each of the first, second and third nozzles can emit a different spray pattern. The nozzle assembly further includes a selection mechanism secured to the second end of the barrel. The selection mechanism is rotatable between a first position, a second position, and a third position. The first position is aligned with the first nozzle, the second position is aligned with the second nozzle, and the third position is aligned with the third nozzle. The selection mechanism also includes a locking collar for preventing the selection mechanism from inadvertently rotating. The nozzle assembly also includes a control mechanism secured to the second end of the barrel. The control mechanism controls the flow of high pressure water and/or foam through one of the first, second or third nozzles. The nozzle assembly further includes a handle secured to the control mechanism and a trigger mounted on the handle. The trigger is connected to the control mechanism and can activate the flow of high pressure water and/or foam through one of the first, second or third nozzles. Lastly, the nozzle assembly includes an infrared camera removably secured to the handle and aligned parallel to the longitudinal axis of the barrel for detecting hot spots in a fire.

In another embodiment, the high pressure water/foam nozzle assembly includes a hollow elongated barrel having a longitudinal central axis. The barrel has an external surface with a first end and a second end. A collar is positioned about the first end which protrudes outward from the external surface. The external surface has a knurled portion formed thereon which extends rearward from the collar. The nozzle assembly also includes a first nozzle, a second nozzle and a third nozzle. The three nozzles are radially aligned around the longitudinal central axis of the barrel. Each of the first, second and third nozzles can emit a different spray pattern. The nozzle assembly further includes a selection mechanism secured to the second end of the barrel. The selection mechanism is rotatable between a first position, a second position, and a third position. The first position is aligned with the first nozzle, the second position is aligned with the second nozzle, and the third position is aligned with the third nozzle. The selection mechanism also includes a locking collar for preventing the selection mechanism from inadvertently rotating. The nozzle assembly also includes a control mechanism secured to the second end of the barrel. The control mechanism controls the flow of high pressure water and/or foam through one of the first, second or third nozzles. The nozzle assembly further includes a handle secured to the control mechanism and a trigger mounted on the handle. The trigger is connected to the control mechanism and can activate the flow of high pressure water and/or foam through one of the first, second or third nozzles. The nozzle assembly also includes a mount secured to the handle. Lastly, the nozzle assembly includes an infrared camera removably secured to the mount and aligned parallel to the longitudinal axis of the barrel for detecting hot spots in a fire.

In a third embodiment, the high pressure water/foam nozzle assembly includes a hollow elongated barrel having a longitudinal central axis. The barrel has an external surface with a first end and a second end. A collar is positioned about the first end which protrudes outward from the external surface. The external surface has a knurled portion formed thereon which extends rearward from the collar. The nozzle assembly also includes a first nozzle, a second nozzle and a third nozzle. The three nozzles are radially aligned around the longitudinal central axis of the barrel. Each of the first, second and third nozzles can emit a different spray pattern. The nozzle assembly further includes a selection mechanism secured to the second end of the barrel. The selection mechanism is rotatable between a first position, a second position, and a third position. The first position is aligned with the first nozzle, the second position is aligned with the second nozzle, and the third position is aligned with the third nozzle. The selection mechanism also includes a locking collar for preventing the selection mechanism from inadvertently rotating. The nozzle assembly also includes a control mechanism secured to the second end of the barrel. The control mechanism controls the flow of high pressure water and/or foam through one of the first, second or third nozzles. The nozzle assembly further includes a handle secured to the control mechanism and a trigger mounted on the handle. The trigger is connected to the control mechanism and can activate the flow of high pressure water and/or foam through one of the first, second or third nozzles. The nozzle assembly also includes a mount secured to the handle. The mount has a top surface. A first bracket is secured to the top surface of the mount. Lastly, the nozzle assembly includes an infrared camera removably secured to the first bracket and aligned parallel to the longitudinal axis of the barrel for detecting hot spots in a fire.

The general object of this invention is to provide a high pressure water/foam nozzle assembly used to fight fires. A more specific object of this invention is to provide a high pressure water/foam nozzle assembly which uses considerably less water.

Another object of this invention is to provide a high pressure water/foam nozzle assembly which is connected to a light weight pressure hose, is easy to maneuver, exhibits less nozzle recoil, and is compatible with Class A, B or ATC (AR)/AFFF foams.

A further object of this invention is to provide a high pressure water/foam nozzle assembly which can handle flow rates ranging from between about 6 gallons per minute to about 20 gallons per minute, and at a pressure ranging from between about 1,500 psi. to about 3,000 psi.

Still another object of this invention is to provide a high pressure water/foam nozzle assembly which can emit different spray patterns or water and/or foam.

Still further, an object of this invention is to provide a high pressure water/foam nozzle assembly which utilizes an infrared camera to identify hot spots in a fire.

Other objects and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent to those skilled in the art in view of the following description and the accompanying drawings.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

Referring toFIGS. 1 and 2, a high pressure water/foam nozzle assembly10is shown which can be used to fight fires. The high pressure water/foam nozzle assembly10includes a hollow elongated barrel12having a longitudinal central axis X-X. By “barrel” it is meant a hollow cylindrical member. The barrel12can be formed from various materials. Desirably, the barrel12is constructed of stainless steel since the high pressure water/foam nozzle assembly10is used in a wet environment. The hollow elongated barrel12is a cylindrical member having a length l, an outside diameter d, and an inside diameter d1, seeFIG. 2. The length l, and the outside and the inside diameters, d and d1respectively, can vary. Generally, the barrel12has a length l of at least 10 inches. Desirably, the barrel12has a length l ranging from between about 10 inches to about 20 inches. More desirably, the barrel12has a length l ranging from between about 12 inches to about 15 inches. Even more desirably, the barrel12has a length l of less than about 14 inches. Most desirably, the barrel12has a length l of about 12 inches.

Referring toFIG. 2, the outside diameter d of the hollow elongated barrel12can range from between about 1 inch to about 4 inches. Desirably, the outside diameter d of the barrel12can range from between about 1.5 inches to about 3 inches. More desirably, the outside diameter d of the barrel12can range from between about 1.75 inches to about 2.75 inches. Even more desirably, the outside diameter d of the barrel12can range from between about 2 inches to about 2.5 inches. Most desirably, the outside diameter d of the barrel12is about 2.5 inches.

The inside diameter d1of the hollow elongated barrel12can range from between about 0.2 inches to about 0.5 inches less than the outside diameter d. This means that the wall thickness of the barrel12can range from between about 0.1 inches to about 0.25 inches. Desirably, the inside diameter d1of the barrel12is about 0.45 inches less than the outside diameter d. More desirably, the inside diameter d1of the barrel12is about 0.4 inches less than the outside diameter d. Even more desirably, the inside diameter d1of the barrel12is about 0.35 inches less than the outside diameter d. Most desirably, the inside diameter d1of the barrel12is about 0.3 inches less than the outside diameter d.

Still referring toFIG. 2, the hollow elongated barrel12has an external surface14with a first end16and a second end18. A collar20is positioned on or about the first end16. By “collar” it is meant an encircling structure. The collar20can be integrally formed with the barrel12, if desired. By “integral” it is meant essential or necessary for completeness; a complete unit. The collar20can be formed of the same material that was used to construct the barrel12or it can be formed from a different material. Desirably, the collar20is formed from stainless steel. The collar20protrudes outward from the external surface14of the barrel12. The collar20has a first end22, a second end24, a length l1and a height h. The length l1is measured parallel to the longitudinal central axis X-X of the elongated barrel12. The height h is measured perpendicular from the external surface14of the elongated barrel12. The first end22of the collar20is shown being coextensive with the first end16of the barrel12. By “coextensive” it is meant having the same limits, boundaries, or scope. Alternatively, the first end22of the collar20could extend outward beyond the first end16of the elongated barrel12.

The length l1and the height h of the collar20can vary. The length l1of the collar20can range from between about 0.5 inches to about 1.5 inches. Desirably, the length l1of the collar20is about 1 inch. The height h of the collar20is measured perpendicularly outward from the external surface14of the hollow elongated barrel12. The height h of the collar20is at least about 0.15 inches. Desirably, the height h of the collar20is at least about 0.18 inches. More desirably, the height h of the collar20is at least about 0.2 inches. Even more desirably, the height h of the collar20is at least about 0.25 inches or more. The collar20serves as a stop to prevent a person's (fire fighter's) hand from sliding off of the hollow elongated barrel12. This is important, especially with the fire fighter is wearing heavy gloves.

Referring again toFIGS. 1 and 2, the external surface14of the barrel12has a knurled portion26formed thereon which extends rearward from the collar20. By “knurled” it is meant one of a series of small ridges or grooves on the surface of a metal object to aid in gripping. The knurled portion26has a length l2which can vary. The length l2of the knurled portion26should be of sufficient dimension to allow a person (fire fighter) to grasp the barrel12with one hand and point the barrel12in a desired direction. For example, a right handed fire fighter would place his left hand on the knurled portion of the barrel12. The length l2of the knurled portion26should be at least about 3 inches. Desirably, the length l2of the knurled portion26should be at least about 4 inches. More desirably, the length l2of the knurled portion26should be at least about 4.5 inches. Even more desirably, the length l2of the knurled portion26should be at least about 5 inches. Most desirably, the length l2of the knurled portion26should be greater than about 4.75 inches.

Referring now toFIGS. 2 and 3, the high pressure water/foam nozzle assembly10also includes a first nozzle28, a second nozzle30and a third nozzle32. By “nozzle” it is meant a projecting part with an opening, as at the end of a hose, for regulating and directing a flow of a fluid. All three nozzles,28,30and32are aligned radially around the longitudinal central axis X-X of the elongated barrel12. By “radial” it is meant of, relating to, or arranged like rays or radii. Each of the first, second and third nozzles,28,30and32respectively, can emit a different spray pattern. By “spray pattern” it is meant a particular configuration or form. Each of the first, second and third nozzles,28,30and32respectively, can emit water, a liquid, a chemical, a foam, or a combination of water, a liquid, a chemical and foam. The spray can consist of a mass of dispersed droplets moving in an outward direction.

The first nozzle28includes a first tube34having a first opening36and a second opening38, the second nozzle30includes a second tube40having a first opening42and a second opening44, and the third nozzle32includes a third tube46having a first opening48and a second opening50. Each of the first, second and third nozzles,28,30and32respectively, is depicted as having a circular profile. Likewise, each of the first, second and third tubes,34,40and46respectively, has a circular profile. The diameter of each of the first, second and third nozzles,28,30and32respectively, can vary. Generally, at least one of the first, second and third nozzles,28,30and32respectively, will have a different diameter from at least one of the other first, second and third nozzles,28,30and32respectively. Likewise, the diameter of each of the first, second and third tubes,34,40and46respectively, can vary. Generally, at least one of the first, second and third tubes,34,40and46respectively, will have a different diameter from at least one of the other first, second and third tubes,34,40and46respectively.

Referring now toFIGS. 4 and 5, an alternative embodiment is depicted which shows a first nozzle28, a second nozzle30and a third nozzle32′. In this embodiment, the first and second nozzles,28and30respectively, have a circular profile while the third nozzle32′ has a non-circular profile. The third nozzle32′ includes a third tube46′ and has a first opening48′ formed adjacent to the first end16of the barrel12. The third nozzle32′ is shown having an oval shaped profile. Likewise, the third tube46′ would have an oval shaped profile. However, any geometrical shape could be utilized which produced a desired shaped stream. The profile of the first, second and third nozzles,28,30and32respectively, as well as the profile of the first, second and third tubes,34,40and46′ respectively, could be changed to meet one's particular needs.

It should be understood that the diameter and/or cross-section of each of the first, second and third tubes,34,40and46or46′ respectively, can change over the length of each tube34,40and46or46′. In other words, a tube can start off having a circular diameter and then can taper down to a smaller diameter or expand to a larger diameter. Also, a tube could start off with a circular diameter that changes shape to a non-circular profile or vice versa, if desired.

Referring now toFIG. 5, the first opening36of the first nozzle28is aligned flush with the first end16of the hollow elongated barrel12. The first opening42of the second nozzle30is spaced slightly inward from the first end16of the hollow elongated barrel12. The first opening48of the third nozzle32is spaced inward from the first end16of the hollow elongated barrel12. The first opening48in the third tube46is spaced farther away from the first end16of the hollow elongated barrel12then is the first opening42of the second tube40. Variations to such an arrangement can be made depending on the type of spray pattern required.

Each of the first, second and third nozzles,28,30and32or32′ should be designed and constructed to handle a fluid flow rate ranging from between about 5 gallons per minute (GPM) to about 25 GPM. Desirably, each of the first, second and third nozzles,28,30and32or32′ should be designed and constructed to handle a fluid flow rate ranging from between about 6 GPM to about 20 GPM. More desirably, each of the first, second and third nozzles,28,30and32or32′ should be designed and constructed to handle a fluid flow rate of at least about 7 GPM. Even more desirably, each of the first, second and third nozzles,28,30and32or32′ should be designed and constructed to handle a fluid flow rate of at least about 8 GPM. Most desirably, each of the first, second and third nozzles,28,30and32or32′ should be designed and constructed to handle a fluid flow rate of at least about 9 GPM.

Each of the first, second and third nozzles,28,30and32or32′ respectively, are designed to discharge or dispense water, a liquid, a chemical, a foam or a combination of water, or a liquid, or a chemical and a foam. The water, or a liquid, or a chemical and/or foam can be dispensed from each of the first, second or third nozzles,28,30and32or32′ respectively. The first, second and third nozzles,28,30and32or32′ respectively, can be manufactured to dispense water, a liquid, a chemical, a foam, or a combination of water, or a liquid, or a chemical and a foam at any desired fluid flow rate. Typical fluid flow rates were mentioned above. It should be understood that each of the first, second or third nozzles,28,30and32or32′ respectively, can be manufactured and set at the factory to dispense water, a liquid, a chemical, a foam, or a combination of water, or a liquid, or a chemical and a foam at a predetermined fluid flow rate. Common flow rates are 6 GPM, 8 GPM, 10 GPM, 16 GPM or 20 GPM. However, the manufacturer can select any flow rate between 5 GPM and 25 GPM. The manufacturer could also go below 5 GPM or above 25 GPM, if needed, for a particular application.

Each of the first, second and third nozzles,28,30and32or32′ respectively, are designed to discharge or dispense water, a liquid, a chemical, a foam, or a combination of water, or a liquid, or a chemical and a foam at a pressure ranging from between about 1,500 psi. to about 3,000 psi. This range of pressure values is sometimes referred to as: “high pressure” or “ultra high pressure”. These pressure values are well above conventional low pressure systems where a fire hose is connected to a fire hydrant. Desirably, each of the first, second and third nozzles,28,30and32or32′ respectively, is designed to discharge or dispense water, a liquid, a chemical, a foam, or a combination of water, or a liquid, or a chemical and a foam at a pressure ranging from between about 1,600 psi. to about 2,900 psi. More desirably, each of the first, second and third nozzles,28,30and32or32′ respectively, is designed to discharge or dispense water, a liquid, a chemical, a foam, or a combination of water, or a liquid, or a chemical and a foam at a pressure ranging from between about 1,700 psi. to about 2,800 psi. Even more desirably, each of the first, second and third nozzles,28,30and32or32′ respectively, is designed to discharge or dispense water, a liquid, a chemical, a foam, or a combination of water, or a liquid, or a chemical and a foam at a pressure of at least about 1,750 psi. Most desirably, each of the first, second and third nozzles,28,30and32or32′ respectively, is designed to discharge or dispense water, a liquid, a chemical, a foam, or a combination of water, or a liquid, or a chemical and a foam at a pressure of at least about 1,800 psi.

It should be understood that each of the first, second and third nozzles,28,30and32or32′ respectively, can dispense a foam which is combined with water, or a liquid, or a chemical to produce what is known in the industry as a “wet foam”. The consistency of the “wet foam” can vary. The “wet foam” can have a consistency ranging from something like skin milk (mostly water) to the consistency of shaving cream. The foam can be aerated to produce a shaving cream consistency which has the ability to cling to a vertical wall or a ceiling and thereby smother or suffocate a fire.

Referring again toFIG. 2, a first connector51is threaded onto the first opening36of the first tube34. The first connector51is hollow and functions to control the spray pattern emanating from the first tube34. For example, the first connector51could produce a wide spray pattern. A second connector52is threaded onto the first opening48of the third tube46. The second connector52is also hollow. The second connector52is attached by a rod53and a pipe54. For example, the rod53can be welded to both the second connector52and the pipe54. The rod53allows the pipe54to be spaced from the second connector52by a predetermined distance d2. The distance d2can range from between about 0.1 inches to about 1 inch. Desirably, the distance d2ranges from between about 0.2 inches to about 0.8 inches. More desirably, the distance d2ranges from between about 0.25 inches to about 0.75 inches. Even more desirably, the distance d2ranges from between about 0.3 inches to about 0.6 inches. Most desirably, the distance d2is about 0.5 inches. The combination of the second connector52, the rod53, and the pipe54function to produce a stream pattern. The distance d2located between the second connector52and the pipe54enables a stream pattern to be obtained.

Still referring toFIG. 2, the second tube40has a uniquely shaped first end42which functions to produce a third spray pattern. Therefore, the high pressure water/foam nozzle assembly10can produce three different spray or stream patterns.

InFIG. 2, one will notice a fitting55having a first opening56and a second opening57. The fitting55is threaded onto the second opening44of the second tube40. The fitting55is hollow. The fitting55is optional and can be used when the diameter of one of the second openings,38,44and50differ in size from the remaining second openings,38,44or50. As depicted, the second opening44of the second tube40is larger than the second openings,38and50, of the first and third tubes,34and46respectively. It is advantageous that all three of the second openings,38,44and50be of the same diameter for assembly purposes.

Referring now toFIGS. 2, 6 and 7, a first fitting58is shown having a first end59and a second end60. The first fitting58can be formed from different materials. Desirably, the first fitting58is made from stainless steel. The first fitting58contains three internal bores61,61and61, seeFIG. 6, each of which extends completely through the first fitting58from the first end59to the second end60. The diameter of each bore61,61and61can vary over its length, seeFIG. 7. Alternatively, each bore61,61and61could be machined to have a single diameter.

Referring toFIGS. 2 and 7, a seal62is press fitted into each of the three bores61,61and61. Each of the three seals62,62and62is designed to prevent fluid leakage through each of the bores61,61and61. Desirably, each of the three seals62,62and62is of the same diameter. This saves on cost and reduces the need to keep different diameter seals62in stock.

The three seals62,62and62can be identical in size and construction to one another. The three seals62,62and62can be formed from various materials known to those skilled in the art. The three seals62,62and62must be designed to prevent fluid leakage under high pressure. By “high pressure” it is meant a pressure ranging from between about 1,500 psi. to about 3,000 psi.

An ultra-slippery plastic or thermoplastic seal62work well. A plastic known as Acetal is a polyacetal. An acetal is a molecule with two single bonded oxygens attached to the same carbon atom. Seals62made from materials that exhibit a degree of flexibility in order to tightly fill the space between two or more surfaces is desirable. Acetal is a durable and tough material that can be used to construct the seals62,62and62. This material allows the three seals62,62and62to withstand high compressive loads while resisting damage from most chemical and solvents. Piedmont Plastics, having an office at 2800 South 166thStreet, New Berlin, Wis. 53151 is one company that specializes in supplying high-performance materials suitable for the manufacture of quality seals.

Each of the three seals62,62and62can be pressed fitted or be secured by another means into one of the three bores61,61and61formed in the first fitting58. Each of the three seals62,62and62can be machined to a close tolerance, if needed. The three seals62,62and62are designed to prevent fluid leakage under the high pressure values recited above. The three seals62,62and62are important in preventing fluid leakage of water, a liquid, a chemical and/or a foam.

Referring now toFIGS. 2, 7 and 8, the first fitting58has a threaded external surface63. A second fitting64having a first end65, a second end66, a threaded external surface67, and a threaded internal surface68is designed to mate with the first fitting58. The threaded external surface63of the first fitting58is sized to mate with the threaded internal surface68of the second fitting64.

Referring again toFIGS. 2 and 7, two spherical balls69,69are shown. Each ball69,69is sized and configured to mate with one of the three seals62,62and62and block off fluid flow through two of the three bores61,61and61. Since there are three bores61,61and61and only two balls69,69, this means that fluid flow will always be possible through one of the three bores61,61and61. The balls69,69operate on gravity to block off the lower two of the three bores61,61and61. This means that as the hollow elongated barrel12is rotated, either clockwise or counter clockwise, the upper most bore61will be open to fluid flow while the lower two bores61and61will be blocked off from fluid flow. By rotating the hollow elongated barrel12, one can dictate which spray pattern will be made available to fight a fire.

Referring again toFIG. 2, one can clearly see that an opening70is formed through the first end65of the second fitting64. A conduit (not shown) can pass through this opening70and route pressurized water, a liquid, a chemical and/or a foam through the second fitting64and through the open bore61.

Referring again toFIGS. 2 and 7, each of the second openings38,50and56of the first tube34, the third tube46or46′, and the fitting55respectively, can be threaded into one of the three bores61,61and61, seeFIG. 7. In addition, the threaded external surface68of the second fitting64can be threaded into a threaded internal surface71formed in the hollow elongated barrel12. The threaded internal surface71is adjacent to the second end18of the hollow elongated barrel12. By these attachments, the first, second and third tubes,34,40and46or46′ will be held stationary within the hollow elongated barrel12.

It should be understood that the first, second and third tubes,34,40and46or46′ respectively, can still rotate in either the clockwise or counter clockwise direction. The method of rotating the first, second and third tubes34,40and46or46′ respectively, will be explained below.

Referring again toFIGS. 1 and 2, the high pressure water/foam nozzle assembly10can produce three separate and distinct spray patterns. If a fourth nozzle (not shown) was positioned within the elongated barrel12, a fourth spray pattern could be obtained. The at least three different spray patterns can include: a straight stream of water or wet foam, a conical stream of water or wet foam, and a highly aspirated stream of water or foam. By “wet foam” it is meant a mixture of water and foam. When the foam is highly aspirated it can acquire the consistency of shaving cream.

Each of the first, second and third nozzles,28,30,32or32′ respectively, can emit high pressure water and/or foam droplets. The water and/or foam droplets can have a length of at least about 40 μm. By “μm” it is meant a micrometer which is a unit of length equal to one thousandth (10−3) of a millimeter or one millionth (10−6) of a meter. Desirably, the water and/or foam droplets can have a length of at least about 50 μm. More desirably, the water and/or foam droplets can have a length of at least about 75 μm. Even more desirably, the water and/or foam droplets can have a length of at least about 90 μm. Most desirably, the water and/or foam droplets can have a length of at least about 100 μm.

The high pressure water/foam nozzle assembly10can handle different kinds of foam used to fight various kinds of fires. Class A foam is used to fight Class A fires and Class B foam is used to fight Class B fires. Class A foams attract carbon and Class B foams repel carbon. As a carbon-loving solution, Class A foam soaks into solid, combustible materials by breaking down the surface tension of the water. This helps the water penetrate the burning material to quickly suppress the fire and prevent rekindles. Class B foam, on the other hand, repels carbon. When mixed with water, it forms a film that hovers over a spill or burning liquid, sealing the flammable vapors. In the case of a chemical or oil spill, the Class B foam blankets the spill and prevents vapor production and ignition, or, in the case of a fire, suppresses the blaze and prevents it from spreading or reigniting. Industrial fires, tanker truck collisions and railcar accidents typically require Class B foam.

Class AR/AFFF is another kind of fire fighting foam. This foam is a versatile fire fighting foam for protection of a wide range of Class B flammable liquid hazards. U. S. Foam 0.5%-6% AR/AFFF is an all synthetic film forming foam designed for protection of water-soluble polar solvents, as well as water insoluble hydrocarbon flammable liquids. When used with fresh water and foam generating equipment, the Class AR/AFFF foam is transformed into a vapor blanketing foam to provide extinguishing and securing abilities.

It should be understood that other fire fighting foams known to those skilled in fire fighting can also be discharged through the high pressure water/foam nozzle assembly10.

Referring now toFIG. 9, the high pressure water/foam nozzle assembly10also includes a selection mechanism72positioned adjacent to the second end18of the elongated barrel12. The selection mechanism72includes a first collar73having an outward extending flange74. The first collar73is hollow and is open at both ends. The first collar73can be formed from various materials. Desirably, the first collar73is formed from stainless steel.

The selection mechanism72also includes a locking collar75having a first end76and a second end77. The locking collar75is also hollow. The locking collar75can be formed from various materials. Desirably, the locking collar75is formed from stainless steel. The locking collar75is sized to axially slide on a portion of the first collar73. At least a portion of the outer circumference of the locking collar75can be knurled78to assist a person in gripping and moving the locking collar75. As depicted, three spaced apart, circumferential portions of the locking collar75are knurled78.

Still referring toFIG. 9, the locking collar75also has at least one axial slot79formed between the first and second ends,76and77respectively. A pair of axial slots79,79is shown inFIG. 9. The pair of axial slots79,79is positioned 180° apart on the circumference of the locking collar75. Alternatively, the pair of axial slots79,79can be offset from one another by an angle of from between about 30° to about 150°.

Each of the axial slots79,79has a length l3and a width w3. The length l3of each of the axial slots79,79can vary in dimension. Desirably, the length l3of each of the axial slots79,79is at least about 0.5 inches. More desirably, the length l3of each of the axial slots79,79is at least about 0.55 inches. Even more desirably, the length l3of each of the axial slots79,79is at least about 0.6 inches. Most desirably, the length l3of each of the axial slots78,78is at least about 0.65 inches. The width w3of each of the axial slots78,78can also vary in dimension. Desirably, the width w3of each of the axial slots79,79is at least about 0.1 inches. More desirably, the width w3of each of the axial slots79,79is at least about 0.15 inches. Even more desirably, the width w3of each of the axial slots79,79is at least about 0.2 inches. Most desirably, the width w3of each of the axial slots79,79is at least about 0.25 inches. When a pair of axial slots79,79is utilized, each of the pair of axial slots79,79can be identical in size and configuration.

The locking collar70further has three spaced apart recesses80,80and80, each of which opens at the first end76. Each of the three recesses80,80and80can have a generally U-shaped configuration. Alternatively, each of the three recesses80,80and80can have some other desired configuration. A coil spring82is positioned on the first collar73. The coil spring82has a first end84which contacts the flange74of the first collar73and a second end86which contacts the second end77of the locking collar75. The coil spring82biases the locking collar75away from the flange74. A screw88is threaded into an aperture90formed in the circumference of the first collar73. The aperture90is located away from the flange74. A pair of screws88,88is shown inFIG. 9. Each of the pair of screws88,88is spaced 180° apart and each is arranged such that it will engage with one of the pair of axial slots79,79. When a single axial slot79and a single screw88are utilized, the single screw88will engage with the axial slot79. The screw88is sized and shaped to engage with the axial slot79formed in the locking collar75and prevent the locking collar75from rotating. The pair of screws88,88performs the same function when they engage the pair of axial slots79,79.

Still referring toFIG. 9, the first collar73further has a number of threaded apertures92positioned about its circumference. The threaded apertures92extend through the first collar73. Six threaded apertures92,92,92,92,92and92are depicted inFIG. 9, of which three of the threaded apertures92,92and92are visible. Even though six threaded apertures92,92,92,92,92and92are taught, any desired number of threaded apertures92can be used. Desirably, at least two threaded apertures92,92, located 180° apart, are utilized to ensure a firm attachment. The six threaded apertures92,92,92,92,92and92are equally spaced 60° apart. A machine screw96is designed to be threaded into each of the six threaded apertures94,94,94,94,94and94and will function to secure the first collar73to another part of the high pressure water/foam nozzle assembly10. This securement will be described in more detail below.

Still referring toFIG. 9, the selection mechanism72further includes a second collar96which is sized to slide within the locking collar75. The second collar96has six threaded apertures98,98,98,98,98and98formed therethrough which are equally spaced apart at 60°. Even though six threaded apertures98,98,98,98,98and98are taught, any desired number of threaded apertures98can be used. Desirably, at least two threaded apertures98,98, located 180° apart, are utilized to ensure a firm attachment. A machine screw100is designed to be threaded into each of the six threaded apertures98,98,98,98,98and98and permanently secure the second collar96to the elongated barrel12. This attachment allows the second collar96to be secured to the elongated barrel12such that both the elongated barrel12and the second collar96will rotate together.

Referring toFIGS. 9 and 10, the second collar96also has three threaded apertures102,102and102formed therethrough. The three apertures102,102and102can be equally spaced 120° apart. A threaded screw104is threaded into each of the three threaded apertures102,102and102. Each threaded screw104has an enlarged head106which extends outwardly from the second collar96. Each of the three threaded screws104,104and104is aligned with one of the first, second and third nozzles,28,30and32or32′ positioned within the elongated barrel12. The enlarged head106on each of the three outwardly extending screws104,104and104is sized to engage with one of the three recesses80,80and80formed in the locking collar75. Once engaged in the three recesses80,80and80, the enlarged head106on each of the three threaded screws104,104and104will hold the elongated barrel12stationary and in alignment with one of the first, second or third nozzles,28,30and32or32′ respectively. For example, the first nozzle28and the first tube34can be positioned in alignment with a control mechanism108. As the locking collar75is moved away from the elongated barrel12and towards the flange74, the coil spring82is compressed. This action causes the enlarged head106on each of the three threaded screws104,104and104to be separated from the three recesses80,80and80and allows the elongated barrel12to rotate. The elongated barrel12can be rotated clockwise or counterclockwise. Clockwise rotation of the elongated barrel12sixty degrees (60°) will cause the second nozzle30to be aligned with the control mechanism108. At this time, the locking collar75can be allowed to slide back to its original location under the bias of the coil spring82. As this occurs, the three enlarged heads106,106and106on the three threaded screws104,104and104will again engage the three recesses80,80and80. This time, the control mechanism108will be aligned with the second nozzle30. Clockwise rotation of the elongated barrel12one hundred and twenty degrees (120°) will cause the third nozzle33or32′ to be aligned with the control mechanism108.

Alternatively, counterclockwise rotation of the elongated barrel12sixty degrees (60°) from its original position will cause the third nozzle32or32′ to be aligned with the control mechanism108. Again, the locking collar75can be allowed to slide back to its original location under the bias of the coil spring82. As this occurs, the three enlarged heads106,106and106on the three threaded screws104,104and104will again engage the three recesses80,80and80. This time, the control mechanism108will be aligned with the third nozzle32or32′.

The locking collar75prevents the selection mechanism72from inadvertently rotating between the first, second and third nozzles,28,30and32or32′ respectively.

Referring now toFIGS. 1 and 10, the control mechanism108will be explained in more detail. The control mechanism108is attached to the selection mechanism72. The control mechanism108includes a fluid inlet109and a fluid outlet111, seeFIG. 10. The fluid inlet109is designed to be attached to a high pressure hose125, seeFIG. 1, for routing high pressure water and/or foam to the control mechanism108. The fluid outlet111is designed to be aligned with one of the first, second or third nozzles,28,30or32or32′ respectively. The control mechanism108is secured to the second end18of the elongated barrel12. InFIG. 1, the control mechanism108is actually secured to the first collar73. The control mechanism108controls the flow of high pressure water and/or foam through one of the first, second or third nozzles,28,30or32or32′ respectively. The internal configuration of the control mechanism108can vary. Those skilled in the art can envision multiple ways to construct the control mechanism108. As shown, a handle110is secured to the control mechanism108. The handle110can vary in design and construction. The handle110can be made from a variety of materials. Plastic and thermoplastics are relatively inexpensive materials from which the handle110can be constructed.

A movable trigger112is mounted on the control mechanism108. The trigger112can be constructed and shaped to have a uniquely shaped cam surface114. The cam surface114is in constant contact with a movable pin116. The pin116has a shut off valve118, such as a ball, secured to an end thereof or which abuts an end thereof. The shut off valve118is biased to towards an open position by a spring120. In the closed position, the shut off valve118closes off a fluid passageway122. As the trigger112is moved to a second position, the cam surface114allows the pin116to move downward whereby the shut off valve118is urged away from the fluid passageway122by the spring120. This action opens the fluid passageway122to fluid flow. Movement of the trigger112activates the flow of high pressure water and/or foam through one of the first, second or third nozzles,28,30or32or32′ respectively.

Referring toFIGS. 1 and 10, a nut124is attached to a lower portion of the handle110and is aligned with the fluid passageway122. One end of a light weight, pressure hose125, seeFIG. 1, can be threaded into the nut124such that high pressure water and/or foam can be routed to the high pressure water/foam nozzle assembly10.

Referring now toFIGS. 1 and 11, the high pressure water/foam nozzle assembly10further includes a mount126secured to the handle110. The mount126can be secured to or above the handle110using one or more fasteners128. Three fasteners128,128and128, in the form of machine screws, are shown. However, any type or kind of fasteners known to those skilled in the art can be used. The mount126can be formed from various materials. A metal material works fine. Other materials include: metal alloys, cast iron, aluminum, a composite material, a plastic, a thermoplastic, titanium, molybdenum, etc. The mount126has a top surface130. Desirably, the top surface130is flat or planar.

A first bracket136is secured to the top surface130of the mount126. The first bracket136can be formed from various materials. A metal material works fine. Other materials include: metal alloys, cast iron, aluminum, a composite material, a plastic, a thermoplastic, titanium, molybdenum, etc. The first bracket136can be formed from the same material used to construct the mount126or be constructed from a different material. Desirably, the first bracket136is formed from a metal material.

One or more apertures132are formed through the top surface130of the mount126. Four apertures132,132,132and132are shown. Four screws134,134,134and134can pass upward through the four apertures132,132,132and132and engage with threaded holes (not shown) formed in a lower surface138of the first bracket136.

The first bracket136further has a first upstanding wall140and a second upstanding wall142. The first and second upstanding walls,140,142respectively, are aligned parallel to one another and are spaced apart from one another by a distance d3. The distance d3is at least about 0.1 inches. Desirably, the distance d3is at least about 0.15 inches. More desirably, the distance d3is at least about 0.2 inches. Even more desirably, the distance d3is at least about 0.22 inches. Most desirably, the distance d3is about 0.25 inches.

The first upstanding wall140has two holes144,144formed horizontally there through which are spaced apart from each other on a common horizontal axis. The second upstanding wall142has a hole146formed there through, and a blind hole148, that does not extend through the thickness of the second upstanding wall142. The hole146and the blind hole148are spaced apart from each other on a common horizontal axis. The hole146is aligned with one of the two holes144,144formed in the first upstanding wall140, and the blind hole148is aligned with the other of the two holes144,144formed in the first upstanding wall140.

A generally U-shaped connector150having a first leg152, a second leg154and a base member156is sized and configured to engage with the holes144,144,146, and the blind hole148. The first and second legs,152and154respectively, have a cylindrical configuration. The base member156joins the first leg152to the second leg154. The base member156is generally flat giving the U-shaped connector150a flat bottom appearance. The first leg152is shorter in length than the second leg154. The first leg152is designed to pass through one of the two holes144,144formed in the first upstanding wall140and enter the blind hole148formed in the second upstanding wall142. The second leg154has a threaded end158. The second leg154is designed to pass through the other of the two holes144,144formed in the first upstanding wall140and pass through the hole146formed in the second upstanding wall142. A spring160can be positioned on the second upstanding leg154once it has passed through the holes144and146. A nut162can be threaded onto the threaded end158to secure the generally U-shaped connector150to the first bracket136.

Still referring toFIG. 11, a T-shaped bracket164is secured to an infrared camera166. By “infrared” it is meant of or relating to the range of invisible radiation wavelengths from about 750 nanometers, just longer than red in the visible spectrum, to 1 millimeter, on the border of the microwave region. The T-shaped bracket164has a flat top member168and a downwardly extending member170. The downwardly extending member170is aligned perpendicular to the flat top member168. The downwardly extending member170has a pair of oppositely aligned, semi-circular configured notches172,172formed in the opposite ends thereof. Only one of the pair of oppositely aligned, semi-circular configured notches172,172is visible inFIG. 11. The pair of oppositely aligned, semi-circular configured notches172,172is designed to engage with a portion of the outer circumferences of the first and second legs,152and154respectively, and secure the T-shaped bracket164to the first bracket136. A pair of apertures174,174is formed through the flat top member168. A pair of screws176,176can pass up through the pair of apertures174,174and be threaded into a bottom surface (not shown) of the infrared camera166to secure the infrared camera166to the T-shaped bracket164. The T-shaped bracket164will remain attached to the infrared camera166when the infrared camera166is removed from the first bracket136.

The infrared camera166is removably secured to the control mechanism108. The infrared camera166is depicted as being removably secured the first bracket136. The infrared camera166is aligned parallel to the longitudinal axis X-X of the elongated barrel12, when secured to the first bracket136. The infrared camera166has one or more lenses178which are capable of detecting or identifying hot spots in a fire. By “lens” it is meant a ground or molded piece of glass, plastic, or other transparent material with opposite surfaces either or both of which are curved, by means of which light rays are focused to form an image. The infrared camera166can include a combination of two or more lenses, sometimes with other optical devices such as prisms, used to form an image for viewing or photographing. The infrared camera166includes a display screen180which exhibits a color image of the hot spots in a fire. The infrared camera166can be turned off when not in use to save on battery life.