Weight lifting lower back exercising machine

This machine includes a saddle-type seat for supporting the user in substantially an upright position with the legs being maintained in position during use of the machine. A user-actuated lever is provided with a padded roller on one end thereof. The padded roller is adapted to engage the back of the user at a position substantially in alignment with the shoulder blades and the other end of the lever is pivotally supported at a position in substantial alignment with the waist of the user. The other end of the user-actuated lever is operatively connected to weights. The connection between the user-actuated lever and the weights includes a variable radius cam for providing a variable resistance force to lifting and lowering the weights with corresponding movement of the user between a first position with the spine in a forwardly bent position and a second position with the spine in a substantially straight position to provide a full range exercising of the muscles associated with the lower back of the user.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION 
This invention relates generally to a lower back exercising machine and 
more particularly to such a machine which provides a varying amount of 
resistance force to the user in various positions of movement when 
exercising the muscles in the lower back. 
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
During recent years, a variety of different types of exercising machines 
have been developed for exercising and strengthening certain groups of 
muscles in the body. However, no real effort has been made to develop a 
machine which is particularly adapted for exercising the muscles in the 
lower back, and particularly no such machine has been developed which 
varies the resisting force against the muscles when the back is moved back 
and forth between a forwardly bent position and a position with the spine 
in a substantially straight position. 
It has been proposed that the muscles in the lower back may be exercised by 
repeatedly performing a so-called "dead lift" of a barbell weight in which 
a person maintains the legs stiff and bends the back forwardly and lifts 
the weight from the floor while straightening the back and then again 
bends the back forwardly while lowering the barbell weight to the floor. 
In this type of exercise, the resistance to the lifting force is very high 
when the spine is bent forwardly and the resistance force is reduced to 
near zero when the spine is in the straight or upright position. In this 
upright position, the only force being applied is a compression force on 
the spine and no resistance force is being applied to the muscles of the 
lower back. Therefore, the resistance force applied to the muscles in the 
lower back is not properly varied throughout all positions of the 
exercising movement. 
It has also been proposed that the lower back muscles be exercised by a 
"hyper-extension" type of exercise in which the person lays face down on 
an elevated bench or platform with the feet restrained and with the upper 
portion of the body extending outwardly beyond one end of the bench. This 
exercise begins with the upper portion of the body hanging downwardly from 
the bench or platform with the spine in a forwardly bent position and then 
the upper portion of the body is raised and moved upwardly to 
substantially a horizontal position so that the spine is substantially 
straight. The upper portion of the body is then lowered and moved back to 
the forwardly bent position. In this exercise, the resistance to movement 
of the muscles in the lower back is very low and practically no resistance 
force is provided when the back is in the forwardly bent position while 
maximum resistance force is provided at the end of the upward movement. 
Thus, this exercise does not provide the proper amount of variable 
resistance throughout the entire movement of the upper body. Also, a 
pulling or extension force is applied to the spine when the upper portion 
of the body is in a vertical downwardly extending position. 
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
With the foregoing in mind, it is an object of the present invention to 
provide a lower back exercising machine which provides the proper amount 
of varied resistance force to the muscles throughout the entire exercising 
movement and without imposing compressive or extension forces on the spine 
of the user. 
The lower back exercising machine of the present invention includes a 
user-actuated lever which is pivotally supported at one end and at 
substantially the level of the waist of the user. The other end of the 
user-actuated level is positioned for engagement with the back of the user 
and in substantial alignment with the shoulder blades. The pivoted end of 
the user-actuated lever is provided with a variable radius cam with 
flexible connector means being connected at one end to the variable radius 
cam and at its other end to weights. As the user successively moves the 
upper portion of the body back and forth between a position with the spine 
in a forwardly bent position and a position with the spine in 
substantially straight position, the user-actuated lever is moved in a 
limited arcuate path of movement to successively lift and lower the weight 
and the variable radius cam provides the proper amount of resistance force 
throughout the entire movement of the back of the user. 
The present lower back exercising machine is provided with a saddle-type 
seat for supporting the user with the legs extending outwardly and 
downwardly on opposite sides of the seat. A pair of eccentrically 
supported padded rollers is supported for rotation forwardly of and on 
opposite sides of the saddle-type seat and are rotatable into clamping 
engagement with the upper portions of the legs of the user for restraining 
the legs during exercising on the machine. The padded rollers are 
rotatable out of engagement with the legs for ease of entry and exit of 
the user to the machine.

DESCRIPTION OF THE ILLUSTRATED EMBODIMENT 
As best shown in FIG. 3, the lower back exercising machine of the present 
invention includes an upright frame, broadly indicated at 10. The upright 
frame 10 inclues a continuous outer frame member 11 having a vertical rear 
leg, a horizontal upper part, and an inclined front leg. A cross-frame 
member 12 extends between the front and rear legs of the outer frame 11 
and is fixed at opposite ends thereto. A lower horizontal frame member 13 
is connected at opposite ends to the lower ends of the front and rear legs 
of the outer frame 11, and a vertical frame member 14 is fixed at its 
lower end to the lower frame member 13 and at its upper end to the 
cross-frame member 12. 
A horizontal frame broadly indicated at 15, is connected at one side to the 
lower frame member 13 of the upright frame 10 and extends outwardly 
therefrom and includes an outer frame member 16. A cross-frame member 17 
is fixed at opposite ends to the front and rear legs of the outer frame 
member 16. A diagonal brace member 18 is fixed at its lower end on the 
rear leg of the outer frame member 16 and is fixed adjacent its upper end 
on the rear leg of the outer frame member 11. The upper end of the brace 
member 18 extends outwardly and upwardly from the rear leg of the outer 
frame member 11, for purposes to be presently described. A carpeted 
platform 20 covers and is positioned on the upper portion of the 
horizontal frame member 15. 
A saddle-type seat 21 is supported on the forwardly curved upper portion of 
a support member 22, the lower end of which is fixed on the cross-frame 
17. The seat 21 is positioned for supporting the user with the legs 
extending outwardly and downwardly from opposite sides of the seat 21, as 
illustrated in FIGS. 5-7. The forward end of the seat support member 22 is 
provided with a transversely extending pivot shaft or rod 24 on which a 
pair of padded rollers 25 is supported for rotational movement. The padded 
rollers 25 are supported for eccentric rotation about the shaft 24 and are 
rotatable into clamping engagement with the upper portions of the legs of 
the user, as illustrated in FIGS. 5-7, and are rotatable out of engagement 
with the legs so that the user can easily get into and out of the machine. 
The padded rollers 25 form a part of the restraining means engageable with 
the legs of the user to retain the lower body and legs in position during 
use of the machine. 
The restraining means also includes a seat belt 26 which is attached to a 
cross brace 27. One end of the cross brace 27 is fixed on the suppport 
member 22 and the other end is fixed on a vertical support member 30. A 
backrest 31 is fixed on the upper end of the support 30 and is inclined 
rearwardly and extends at substantially a right angle to the saddle-type 
seat 21. The backrest 31 extends upwardly substantially to the waist of 
the user for supporting the lower back of the user during use of the 
exercising machine. 
A footrest support frame 32 (FIG. 3) is attached to the support 22 and 
extends outwardly therefrom. A carpeted footrest 33 is supported on the 
frame 32. The footrest 33 is provided for use by people with short legs so 
that they can position their feet on the footrest 33 when using the 
exercising machine. A normal size adult will use the machine with the feet 
positioned on the platform 20, as illustrated in FIGS. 5-7. 
Weight means is supported for vertical movement by the upright frame 10 and 
includes a plurality of weight plates 35 which are supported for sliding 
movement adjacent opposite ends on guide rods 36. The upper ends of the 
guide rods 36 are fixed on the cross frame 12 and at their lower ends on 
the frame member 13. A vertical selector guide and weight lifting rod 37 
extends through the central portions of the weight plates 35 and is 
provided with spaced-apart openings for reception of a selector pin 40 so 
that varing amounts of weight can be selected by the user to be lifted and 
lowered when exercising with the machine. User-actuated lever means is 
provided and includes a lever 41 having vertical and horizontal legs and 
the vertical leg is fixed at its lower end to a pivot hub 42. The pivot 
hub 42 is supported on a shaft 43 which is supported at opposite ends in 
respective support bars 44, 45 (FIG. 4). The support bar 44 is fixed to 
the vertical frame member 14 and to the rear leg of the outer frame 11. A 
connector bar 46 is fixed at opposite ends to the support bars 44, 45 and 
is fixed to the outwardly and upwardly curved upper end of the diagonal 
support member 18. The support bar 45 is provided with a forwardly 
extending stop member 50 and the pivotal hub 42 is provided with an 
outwardly extending stop pin 51 (FIG. 4) for purposes to be presently 
described. 
The horizontal leg of the lever 41 is provided with a rotatable padded 
roller 53 which is positioned for engagement with the back of the user and 
at a position in substantial alignment with the shoulder blades thereof. A 
counterweight 55 is supported on the lower end of a support rod 56, the 
upper end of which is fixed in the pivot hub 42. When the lever 41 is in 
the forward position, as shown in solid lines in FIG. 4, the stop pin 51 
engages the lower surface of the support bar 45 to limit forward movement 
of the lever 41. When the lever 41 is moved rearwardly, as shown in dotted 
lines in FIG. 4, the stop pin 51 engages the stop member 50 to limit 
rearward arcuate movement of the lever 41. 
Means is provided for operatively connecting one end of the user-actuated 
lever means with the weight means to provide the proper variable 
resistance for lifting and lowering the weight means with corresponding 
movement of the user-actuated lever in a limited arcuate path of 
back-and-forth movement between a first position with the spine of a user 
in a forwardly bent position and a second position with the spine in a 
substantially straight position. This operative connecting means includes 
a variable radius cam 60 which is fixed on one end of the pivot hub 42 
(FIG. 5). 
Flexible connector means is provided between the variable radius cam 60 and 
the weight plates 35 and includes a sprocket chain 61, connected at one 
end to the variable radius cam 60 and at its other end to a relatively 
small sprocket 62. The sprocket 62 is fixed on a hub which is connected to 
a larger sprocket 63. The sprockets 62, 63 and connecting hub are 
supported on a pivot shaft 64, one end of which is fixed in a bracket 64 
and the other end of which is fixed in a vertical brace member 65 (FIG. 
3). A sprocket chain 67 is connected at one end to the large sprocket 63 
and its other end is connected to the upper end of the weight supporting 
guide rod 37. 
The variable radius cam 60 provides a different length of lever or moment 
arm at different rotational positions so as to vary the amount of force 
required to be exerted by the back of the user in different positions of 
movement. Thus, the resistance force on the user-actuated lever 41 and 
padded roller 53 is varied when lifting and lowering the weight plates 35, 
in accordance with the angular position of the user-actuated lever 41 as 
the user moves back and forth between the forwardly bent and the straight 
positions, as shown in FIGS. 5-7. 
In order to protect the user from engagement with the sprockets 62, 63, an 
inside cover plate 70 is fixed to the upper inside portion of the upright 
frame 10. A protective cover housing 71 is also provided to cover the 
pivot hub 42 of the user-actuated lever 41. The cover housing 71 is fixed 
to the upright frame 10 and at the lower rear end of the inside cover 
plate 70. 
When the machine is not in use, as illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2, the lever 
41 and the padded roller 53 are in the forward position and are maintained 
in this position by the weight plates 35 and the forward movement is 
limited by the stop pin 51 engaging the lower surface of the brace member 
or support bar 45. The user enters the machine by first rotating the 
padded rollers 25 in a counterclockwise direction and then straddles the 
saddle-type seat 21 with the back bent forwardly. The rollers 25 are then 
rotated in a clockwise direction to clampingly engage the upper portions 
of the legs and the seat belt 26 is buckled into position across the lap 
of the user, as illustrated in FIG. 5. 
The lower back exercise begins with the spine bent forwardly and the padded 
roller 53 engaging the back at a position substantially in alignment with 
the shoulder blades. The user then moves the upper portion of the body 
rearwardly exerting pressure against the back and applying force against 
the roller 53. The lever 41 is moved in an arcuate path until the spine is 
in a substantially straight position, as shown in FIG. 7. At this 
position, the stop pin 51 will engage the stop 50 on the support bar 45 
(FIG. 4) to limit the rearward movement of the lever 41. The user will 
then move the upper portion of the body forwardly from the position shown 
in FIG. 7 to the position shown in FIG. 5. This back-and-forth movement is 
continued until the proper number of exercise movements have been 
accomplished. 
The user can utilize as many of the weight plates 35 as desired by 
positioning the selector pin 40 in the proper weight plate to lift the 
weights above the position of the selector pin 40. With each 
back-and-forth movement of the lever 41, the variable radius cam 60 
provides the proper type of varying resistance force required to be 
exerted by the user for the proper exercise of the muscles in the lower 
back, the variable amount of resistance force being applied, in accordance 
with the angular position of the lever 41 at any given position in the 
exercising movement. Upon completion of the exercising session, the user 
will simply unbuckle the seat belt 26, rotate the padded rollers 25 in a 
counterclockwise direction and step out of the saddle-type seat 21. 
It will be noted that the pivotal axis of the lever 41 is substantially in 
alignment with the waist of the user during the exercising movement and 
the backrest 31 supports the lower back of the user so that the bending 
motion of the user takes place primarily at the level of the waist. This 
movement of the spine back and forth at the level of the waist provides a 
full range of exercise of the muscles associated with the lower back of 
the user. 
The lower back exercising machine of the present invention is simple to 
operate, provides full range exercising of the muscles associated with the 
lower back of the user and does not apply any appreciable amount of 
compressive or extension forces to the spine of the user. The variable 
radius cam provides a variable resistance force to the lifting and 
lowering of the weights with corresponding movement of the user-actuated 
lever so that the amount of force required to be exerted by the back of 
the user is proper in all angular positions of the user-actuated lever. 
In the drawings and specification there has been set forth the best mode 
presently contemplated for the practice of the present invention, and 
although specific terms are employed, they are used in a generic and 
descriptive sense only and not for purposes of limitation, the scope of 
the invention being defined in the claims.