Printing hammer driver mechanism

A printing hammer drive mechanism for a printing apparatus, comprising a manual control member movably attached to a main frame, an electromagnet mounted on the main frame for movement relative to the armature thereof, linking means disposed between the control member and the electromagnet for changing the gap between the core and the armature of the electromagnet in accordance with the operation of the control member, and a member for transmitting movement of the armature from a rest position to a work position, to a printing hammer, wherein the impact force of the hammer can be suitably changed by operating the control member to change the gap between the core and the armature of the electromagnet.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
1. Field of the Invention 
This invention relates to a printing hammer drive mechanism for a printing 
apparatus capable of printing letters, numbers and symbols by striking 
types arranged on a printing element, such as type wheel, with a printing 
hammer. 
2. Description of Prior Art 
A printing apparatus, often requires the change of printing pressure 
according to the number of copies desired. In a conventional printing 
apparatus, it usually the case that printing pressure is changed by 
changing the force of the spring normally holding the hammer in its rest 
position. However, the adjustment of printing pressure by adjusting the 
spring force does not produce accurate and correct amount of printing 
pressure in most cases. 
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
The present invention provides an improved printing hammer drive mechanism 
capable of overcoming the above and other deficiencies and disadvantages 
of the conventional printing hammer drive mechanisms. 
Accordingly, it is an object of the invention to provide a printing hammer 
drive mechanism for a printing apparatus, such as a typewriter, having a 
simple construction and capable of changing and setting accurate and 
correct printing pressure. 
According to the invention, there is provided a printing hammer drive 
mechanism for a printing apparatus adapted to position a selected type 
arranged on a printing element opposite to a printing position and to 
print a letter, number or symbol represented by the selected type, by 
striking the type with a hammer through attraction of an armature of an 
electromagnet, from its rest position to a working position by energizing 
the electromagnet. The drive mechanism comprises a frame; a manual control 
member mounted movably on the frame; an electromagnet having a winding, a 
core and an armature, and mounted on the frame so that at least either the 
core or the armature is movable with respect to the other; linking 
mechanism disposed between the manual control member and the core or 
armature and adapted to move the core or the armature and adjust the gap 
between the core and armature in a rest position; and transmitting 
mechanism for transmitting the movement of the armature to the hammer and 
thereby move the hammer from a rest position to a work position and strike 
the selected type.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS 
Turning to FIG. 1, a platen 2 is supported rotatably on a frame 1 of a 
typewriter, for example. As shown in FIG. 2, a type selecting motor 3 is 
disposed in front of a platen 2, and is fixed to frame 1. A typewheel, 
which may be of the Daisy wheel type, is fixedly mounted on shaft 3a of 
motor 3. Type wheel 4 has a plurality of radially arranged arms 5 each 
provided at the extremities thereof with a type 6. Once a selected type 
key, not shown is depressed, type selecting motor 3 is rotated to 
selectively bring a type 6 on type wheel 4 corresponding to the selected 
type key to a position opposite the printing position on the platen 2. 
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, a hammer holder 8 is disposed above type 
selecting motor 3 and is fastened to frame 1 with three screws 7. The 
opposite ends of hammer holder 8 are bent to form support legs 9 and 10, 
for supporting a support shaft 11, rotatably therebetween. The foot 12a of 
a printing hammer 12 is fixed to the outer circumference of support shaft 
11 so that printing hammer 12 is capable of striking the back 6a of type 6 
positioned opposite to the printing position with printing hammer head 12b 
thereof. Head 12b of hammer 12 is provided fixedly with a weight 13 of a 
predtermined weight to provide an appropriate impact force to hammer 12 
when it strikes a type. 
A printing sheet P is appropriately guided by platen 2, and a ribbon R is 
used in connection with the printing operation and is disposed between the 
type and the platen, with paper P being disposed therebetween, all in the 
manner known in the art. 
A spring 14 is extended between hammer 12 and hammer holder 8 to normally 
urge printing hammer 12 in a direction opposite to the striking direction. 
Thus, in a rest position, the hammer is normally held away from the type 
wheel. In a work position, against the force of the spring, hammer 12 is 
caused to strike the type by moving counterclockwise (in FIG. 1). 
A mounting plate 18 is supported rotatably by means of a shaft 17 on a 
supporting part 16 formed by bending the rear portion of hammer holder 8. 
The yoke 22 of an electromagnet 21, for driving printing hammer 12, is 
fastened to mounting plate 18 with two screws 19 and 20. As shown in FIG. 
4, a screw 23 is inserted through a guide hole 24 formed through a rib 25 
provided between support leg 9 and supporting part 16 of hammer holder 8 
and is screwed in yoke 22. The head portion 23a of screw 23 is firmly 
pressed against rib 25 to apply a rotational resistance to mounting plate 
18. 
A manual control lever 27, made for example of synthetic resin, is 
supported rotatably on rib 25 by means of a shaft 26 (see FIGS. 1 and 5). 
The upper end portion of manual control lever 27 is located beside the 
side wall of a ribbon cassette, not shown. Manual control lever 27 is 
operated when a cover, not shown, covering the ribbon cassette is opened. 
As shown in FIG. 5, a cam hole 29 is formed in manual control lever 27. A 
pin 30, fixed to the rear part of mounting plate 18, is fitted in cam hole 
29 (see FIG. 4). As shown in FIG. 1, when manual control lever 27 is 
turned on shaft 26, cam hole 29, causes, through action of pin 30, 
mounting plate 18 to rotate about shaft 17 in a direction corresponing to 
the turning direction of manual control lever 27. Two pairs of small 
protrusions (see FIG. 5) are formed in the inside surface of cam hole 29 
with each pair of small protrusions positioned opposite to each other. 
Small protrusions 31 engage pin 30 to retain manual control lever 27 at 
three different positions. Cam hole 29 and pine 30 constitute a linking 
mechanism for cooperatively linking manual control lever 27 and mounting 
plate 8. 
A lever 32, for example of synthetic resin, is supported rotatably at a 
pivotal end thereof on shaft 17 (see FIG. 3). An armature of magnetic 
material 34 is attached to lever 32 and disposed opposite to core 33 and 
yoke 22 of magnet 21 (see FIGS 1 and 3). When energized, electromagnet 21 
attracts armature 34 to core 33 so that lever 32 is turned clockwise (as 
viewed in FIG. 1) on shaft 17. A member, for example, a rubber roller 35, 
is attached to the lower end of foot 12a of printing hammer 12. The rubber 
roller is kept normally contiguous with the upper surface of the free end 
of lever 32 (see FIG. 1) by action of spring 14 urging hammer 12b toward 
its rest position, in the normal unenergized state of the electromagnet. 
Thus, rubber roller 35 urges lever 32 in a counterclockwise direction, 
that is, away from core 33. A stopper 36 (see FIG. 3) is provided on 
support leg so as to be in abutment with the lower surface of the free end 
of lever 32 to retain the lever 32 at its rest position whereat armature 
34 is positioned opposite to core 33 with a small gap L therebetween. 
Stopper 36 and spring 14 define cooperatively a rest position of printing 
hammer 12. 
When a type key is depressed, type selecting motor 3 rotates type wheel 4, 
to select a type corresponding to the depressed key, and then 
electromagnet 21 is energized to attract armature 34 to core 33. 
Consequently, hammer 12 is turned counterclockwise on support shaft 11 
toward selected type 6 through action of rubber roller 35. Thus, head 12b 
of hammer 12 strikes back 6a of selected type 6 with a predetermined force 
of impact, to print a letter, number or symbol corresponding to the type 
6. 
Turning manual control lever 27 either counterclockwise or clockwise 
causes, through cam hole 29, pin 30, to approach or to move away from 
shaft 26 (see FIG. 5). Thus, mounting plate 18 is turned either 
counterclockwise or clockwise on shaft 17. Accordingly, gap L (See FIG. 1) 
between core 33 and armature 34 of lver 32, of electromagnet 21, is 
changed, and hence the stroke of lever 32 is changed, when electromagnet 
21 is energized. Consequently, the energy of motion of hammer 12 is 
changed either to reduce or to increase the impact force of hammer 12. 
More specifically, when pin 30 is positioned in cam hole 29 at the right 
end position as illustrated in FIG. 5, gap L between core 33 and armature 
34 of lever 32 is the narrowest. Hence the impact force of hammer 12 is 
the smallest at this position. When pin 30 is positioned at the left end 
position in cam hole 29, in FIG. 5, gap L is the widest. Hence, in that 
position, the impact force of hammer 12 is the largest. When pin 30 is 
positioned at a middle position in cam hole 29 in FIG. 5, the impact force 
of hammer 12 would have a value between the largest and smallest. 
Although the present invention has been described in its preferred form 
with a certain degree of particularity, it is understood that the present 
invention is not limited to the above mentioned preferred embodiment, but 
changes or modifications in the details of construction and the 
combination and arrangement of parts may be made without departing from 
the spirit and scope of the invention. For example, the small gap L may be 
changed by moving only armature 32 or both armature 32 and core 32.