Systems and methods for optical fiber distribution and management

The preferred embodiments of the present invention include an optical splitter module having connectorized pigtails that are stored on the bulkhead faceplate of the module. The module includes an optical splitter output harness, for example, a ribbon cable assembly attached to the bulkhead with rugged strain relief mechanism. The ribbon harness is converted to individual pigtails with connectors which are stored on adapter receptacles on the faceplate. Adapter receptacles used may optionally be half receptacles when storage is the only desired function or may be full receptacles when access to the pigtail ferrule tip is required. Access to the ferrule tip may be required for attaching fiber optic terminators to eliminate undesirable reflections caused by unterminated connectors. The module provides an administrative location for splitter outputs prior to being connected individually into service. The module also provides an administrative storage location for splitter outputs taken out of service as a temporary staging area before being reassigned and connected individually into service again.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

In Fiber-to-the-Premises broadband network applications optical splitters are used to split the optical signals at various points in the network. Recent network specifications call for optical splitters to be incorporated in fiber distribution hubs (FDHs) which are re-enterable outdoor enclosures. These enclosures allow easy re-entry for access to optical splitters allowing splitter ports to be utilized effectively and for additional splitter ports to be added on an incremental basis.

In typical applications to date, optical splitters are provided prepackaged in optical splitter module housings and provided with splitter outputs in pigtails that extend from the module. The splitter output pigtails are typically connectorized with high performance low loss SC or LC connectors. This optical splitter module, or cassette, provides protective packaging for the optical splitter components in the housing and thus provides for easy handling for otherwise fragile splitter components. This approach allows the optical splitter modules to be added incrementally to the fiber distribution hub, for example, as required.

A problem may arise due to the lack of protection and organization of the connectorized ends of the splitter output pigtails. For example, these pigtails can sometimes be left dangling in a cable trough or raceway within the enclosure. This method of leaving an exposed optical component such as a high performance connector exposed in an open area leaves it susceptible to damage. These high performance connectors if damaged can cause delays in service connection while connectors are repaired. Leaving connectorized splitter output pigtails dangling in a cabling trough also exposes them to dirt and debris in the cabling trough. In current network deployments it is imperative to maintain clean optical connectors to maximize the performance of the network.

In addition, the. fiber pigtails in the current art are not organized in a manner conducive to rapid service delivery. In many cases splitters may have sixteen or thirty-two output pigtails bundled together making it difficult to find a particular pigtail. Also the bundle of loose hanging pigtails can easily become entangled causing further delays in service delivery. These tangles can actually cause congestion and in some cases resulting in bend induced loss on the pigtails causing lower system performance.

To solve some of these issues a separate storage tray or enclosure has been utilized to take up slack and/or store and protect splitter output pigtail connectorized ends. However, these auxiliary devices tend to take up additional space and often hide the pigtail in an enclosure that can cause further delays in deployment depending on how much time is required to access on the tray or enclosure. Thus, there still remains a need for a solution that does not take up additional space and that provides direct access and identification to splitter output pigtail ends.

In addition, some network applications may require equipping splitter outputs with fiber optic terminators in order to reduce or eliminate reflections caused by unterminated splitter outputs. Other methods of storing connectorized pigtails in cable troughs or auxiliary trays may make it difficult to equip splitter output ports with fiber optic terminators.

Finally current methods tend to result in a disassociation of the splitter module from the splitter output pigtail end. This usually results because the pigtail, once deployed, gets lost in the midst of other pigtails in the fiber jumper trough. When subscribers are taken out of service it is desirable to disconnect the splitter output and redeploy or store it for ready redeployment. It is further desirable for administrative purposes to maintain association of splitter module to splitter output pigtails so that resources are used effectively over time.

Fiber distribution hubs may be located at, or near, ground level or they may be affixed near the top of utility poles. Since FDHs are often located outdoors, the enclosures must be weather proof. And, reducing the number of seams in the exterior of the FDH reduces the chances of moisture penetration thus helping to provide a weather proof interior volume for the enclosure. As a result, most FDHs are accessible from only a front face by way of a door. Therefore, servicing connectors located behind a bulkhead can be problematic since removal of the bulkhead may be required. Bulkhead removal becomes increasingly difficult as service providers attempt to increase the number of connectors, or drops, located within a single enclosure. As the number of drops increases, enclosure size and bulkhead size increase. In addition, the weight and complexity of cabling may increase.

When FDHs are mounted on utility poles, large panel sizes can become unwieldy for linesman because the door must be swung open to gain access to the enclosure interior while the linesman is tethered to the pole and/or enclosure. In order to accommodate linesman, many pole mounted FDHs are equipped with balconies for providing a surface on which the linesman can stand while working inside an enclosure. A linesman typically climbs a ladder until he can step onto the balcony. Transferring from the ladder to the balcony while wearing a tool belt can be cumbersome and dangerous. Safety procedures dictate that the linesman attach a fall restraining line, or safety line, from his safety harness to a structure on the pole before transferring from the ladder to the balcony. In some instances, a linesman may connect his safety line to a structure that is not rated for stopping his fall.

What is needed are FDHs that are designed to be easily accessible from ground level and when working on elevated platforms such as utility poles. These FDHs should provide for efficient deployment and interconnection of fiber optic connections therein. Furthermore, FDHs should allow a linesman to open the enclosure without undue risk of losing balance and internal bulkheads should facilitate easy and safe access to connectors located in the rear of the FDH. Pole mounted FDHs should further be configured so as to minimize the chances of having a linesman attach a safety lead to a structure not rated for stopping a fall.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

A preferred embodiment of the present invention is directed to a fiber distribution hub enclosure in an optical fiber-to-the-premises network having a subscriber patch shelf in the enclosure that includes a plurality of termination connectors forming a termination field, and an optical splitter shelf in the enclosure having a plurality of optical splitter modules. The optical splitter modules have a plurality of splitter output pigtail ends wherein the pigtail ends are connectorized and administratively located directly on a splitter module bulkhead.

The preferred embodiments of the present invention include an optical splitter module having connectorized pigtails that are stored on a bulkhead faceplate of the module. The module includes an optical splitter output harness, for example, that consists of a ribbon cable assembly attached to the bulkhead with a rugged strain relief mechanism. The ribbon harness is converted to individual pigtails having connectors which are stored on adapter receptacles on the faceplate. Adapter receptacles used may optionally be half receptacles when storage is the only desired function or may be full receptacles when access to the pigtail ferrule tip is required. Access to the ferrule tip may be required for attaching fiber optic terminators to eliminate undesirable reflections caused by unterminated connectors. The module provides an administrative location for splitter outputs prior to being connected individually into service. The module also provides an administrative storage location for splitter outputs taken out of service as a temporary staging area before being reassigned and connected individually into service again.

Another aspect of the present invention includes a method for installing optical splitter modules and associated fixed length output pigtails, storing the connectorized ends of the pigtails in a position ready for deployment and then individually connecting the splitter outputs as required to connect service to subscriber terminations. Upon installing the splitter module the output pigtails are initially routed circumferentially around the subscriber termination field, connected in a storage position and slack from the pigtails is managed in the vertical channel. When a connect service order occurs, the process first verifies if there is an optical splitter output port available and if not adds splitter modules to the system. If splitter outputs are available the method includes disengaging pigtails from the storage position, connecting the splitter output pigtail to the subscriber termination, routing pigtail slack through a reduced circumferential path and storing slack in half-loops in the adjacent channel. If a subscriber is disconnected from service the splitter output is disengaged from the subscriber termination, routed through an expanded circumferential path and connected to the original storage receptacle at the splitter module.

Thus, preferred embodiments of the present invention include configuring a fiber distribution hub with optical splitter modules having fixed length connectorized pigtails. The preferred embodiments address positioning the optical splitter modules relative to other fiber terminations needing access to the optical splitter ports. Another aspect of the preferred embodiments include installing the pigtails in a configuration that requires minimum pigtail rearrangement and slack yet allowing for enough slack to reach any of the fiber terminations requiring access to splitter ports. Another aspect of the preferred embodiments includes optimally routing the pigtails to minimize and preferentially eliminate congestion and controlling slack within set limits of the enclosure. In a preferred embodiment, all pigtails have the same length for ease of manufacturing. Splitter modules, all having the same pigtail length, also allow ease of flexibility for allowing a splitter module to be installed in any available slot within a patch panel without regard to sequential order.

Preferred embodiments of the present invention also provide a method of fiber management in the enclosure such that congestion does not occur due to rearrangement and chum. The embodiment minimizes the slack and any chance of blocking access because of fiber entanglement. Further, the embodiment allows for chum over time including initial pigtail storage, service connection, service disconnection and repeat storage to provide ready access to pigtails for future use. The methods in accordance with the preferred embodiments, are non-blocking and non-congesting for jumpers routed into cable pathways and fiber patch panels. The methods of the preferred embodiment are fully contained within the confines of the enclosure.

An aspect of the present invention includes a communications network including a headend configured to select source material feeds of a local feed, a long distance feed, a broadcast feed, a central office operatively coupled to the headend via a communications trunk and a plurality of fiber distribution hubs operatively coupled to the network. The fiber distribution hubs include at least one termination shelf, at least one splitter shelf having a plurality of optical splitter modules and a channel for fiber management. The fiber distribution hub further includes a plurality of splitter output connectorized pigtail ends located on a bulkhead of at least one optical splitter module. The pigtail ends are located on adapter ports on the bulkhead. The optical splitter module further comprises a ribbon harness extending from the module.

In another aspect of the invention, a fiber distribution hub for use in an optical communications network is provided. The hub includes an enclosure housing a subscriber termination field consisting of numerous subscriber terminations. The distribution hub further includes an optical splitter shelf capable of holding one or more optical splitter modules. The splitter modules can include a splitter bulkhead, a plurality of receptacles and a plurality of pigtails. In addition, the distribution hub can include one or more routing channels for routing the pigtails circumferentially around at least a portion of the subscriber termination field.

Further aspects of the invention can employ a hinged chassis for housing splitter modules and/or subscriber termination fields. The hinged chassis facilitates access to rear portions of the splitter modules and termination fields. The hinged chassis can be used with conventional enclosures, enclosures having side panels pivotally mounted to the rear panel of the enclosure, or enclosures employing a pivotally mounted front portion and a fixed rear portion separated by a weather proof gasket. Still other aspects can employ an enclosure mounted to a utility pole and further having a structural member designed to receive fall restraint hardware. In addition, aspects of the invention can employ a pivotally mounted parking chassis for storing connectorized ends of pigtails when not connected to subscriber terminations.

The foregoing and other features and advantages of the systems and methods for fiber distribution and management will be apparent from the following more particular description of preferred embodiments of the system and method as illustrated in the accompanying drawings in which like reference characters refer to the same parts throughout the different views. The drawings are not necessarily to scale, emphasis instead being placed upon illustrating the principles of the invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The preferred embodiments of the present invention are directed to an optical splitter module that is equipped with adapters for storing connectorized optical splitter pigtail ends. Adapters are administratively located on the optical splitter module bulkhead, for example, but not limited to, in octal count arrangements ideally suited to identify splitter ports having sixteen or thirty-two output ports. The adapters in accordance with preferred embodiments are used to store or stage the connectorized ends of the optical splitter for rapid location, identification, easy access and removal of pigtail output ends. In accordance with preferred embodiments, the optical splitter outputs extending from the bulkhead on the module are wrapped back and secured to adapters on the splitter bulkhead. The preferred embodiments also include methods for installing optical splitter modules and associated fixed length output pigtails, storing the connectorized ends of the pigtails in a position ready for deployment and then individually connecting the splitter outputs as required to connect service to subscriber terminations.

FIG. 1illustrates, schematically, a broadband access network10, which for example, can be a Fiber-to-the-Premises (FTTP) network using passive optical network (PON) components in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 1includes an optical line terminal (OLT)12, a voice input14from a service network, a data input from16from a service network, a video input18from a service network, a wavelength division multiplexed fiber20, a passive optical splitter22, an optical network terminal (ONT)24and26, a residence and an office building28.

Network10employs OLT12which receives input data streams from service networks. By way of example, OLT12may receive voice input14, data input16and video input18. OLT12may then output a multiplexed data stream over one or more optical fibers20. In an embodiment, OLT12may output voice at a wavelength on the order of 1490 nm, data at a wavelength on the order of 1310 nm and video at a wavelength on the order of 1550 nm. Optical fiber20may convey data using, for example, wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) to a passive optical splitter (POS)22. POS22may receive data by way of a single fiber (the input fiber) and split the data across a plurality of output fibers. For example, POS22may split incoming data across 8, 16, 32, or more output fibers. In a preferred embodiment, each output fiber is associated with a respective end user such as a residential end user27or a commercial end user in office building28. End user locations may employ optical network terminals (ONTs)24,26for accepting multiplexed data and making it available to the end user. For example, ONT24may act as a demultiplexer by accepting a multiplexed data stream containing voice, video and data and demultiplexing the data stream to provide a separate voice channel to a user's telephone, a separate video channel to a television set and a separate data channel to a computer.

The architecture described in conjunction withFIG. 1can be a point to multi-point PON construction, which utilizes, for example, 1:32 splitters at a fiber hub enclosure within a distribution area. The architecture can be fiber rich 1:1 distribution between the fiber hub and a customer's premise or the architecture can be diluted 1:X where X is an integer larger than 1. The broadband services capability of network10for distributing source information may include, for example, data signals (622 Mbps×155 Mbps (shared)), and video signals (860 MHz, ˜600 analog and digital channels, high definition television (HDTV), and video on demand (VOD)). Source information may consist of data, such as, for example, voice or video that originates at a source such as a telecommunications service provider, hereinafter service provider. Signaling may be accomplished using wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) and fiber sharing. Network10can include optical network terminals26that are scalable, provide high bandwidth, multi-service applications that serve residences and small to medium sized businesses. Network10includes passive components that are located outside the plant, i.e. outside the service provider's building, and require minimal maintenance, since active components such as amplifiers are not required.

The broadband access network10includes digital subscriber plug-in line cards that have a broadband terminal adapter configured for receiving a digitally multiplexed broadband data stream and outputting a plurality of demultiplexed broadband data streams for the respective subscriber loops.

FIG. 2illustrates an alternative implementation of an optical broadband access network50. Network50may include a circuit switch/OLT52, an SAI, a splitter hub54, residential ONTs56, small business ONT58, office park ONT60, splitter64, and fiber-to-the-premises (FTTP)62. In Fiber-to-the-Premises broadband network applications optical splitters64are used to split the optical signals at various points in the network. In FTTP network50optical splitters are typically located in both indoor and outdoor environments including a Central Office/Head End, environmentally secure cabinets, enclosures or fiber drop terminals. In some outdoor applications, optical splitters have been deployed in tightly sealed environmental enclosures that are not easily re-enterable. Preferred embodiments include optical splitters incorporated in fiber distribution hubs54which are re-enterable outdoor enclosures. These enclosures allow easy re-entry by linesmen or other service personnel for access to optical splitters64allowing splitter ports to be utilized effectively and for additional splitter ports to be added on an incremental basis.

Preferred embodiments of the present invention may receive data from optical splitters that are provided prepackaged in optical splitter module housings that are mounted in a fiber patch panel to facilitate routing of jumpers interconnected from fibers in adjacent subscriber ports to the splitter outputs. This optical splitter module, or cassette, provides protective packaging and thus easy handling for otherwise fragile splitter components. The optical splitter modules can be added incrementally to the patch panel.

FTTP broadband networks are designed to achieve low optical insertion loss in order to achieve maximum network reach from electronics having fixed power output. Each optical component and subsystem utilized in the network is optimized to provide minimum insertion loss. The optical loss budget in a preferred embodiment is approximately 23 to 25 dB with 1:32 passive splitting. The components and factors contributing to the optical loss include splitters (1:32, single or cascaded), WDMs, connectors (optical line terminal (OLT), FDF, splitters, drop, ONT), fiber attenuation (at least three wavelengths: 1310 nm, 1490 nm, 1550 nm), and splicing.

Splitter hub54may serve on the order of 128 splitter ports/premises. It includes multiple distribution cables, connectorized or fusion spliced between splitter and distribution hub54. The splitter hubs used in conjunction with preferred embodiments are pole or ground mountable. The drop terminals can be with or without splitters and include various number of drops, both aerial and buried.

Splitters64may be deployed by way of splitter hub54or they may be deployed in smaller enclosures. A fiber drop terminal65is often used in conjunction with a utility pole63(FIG. 2). Utility pole63may be used to support conventional copper wire strands such as those used for plain old telephone service (POTS) and those used for cable television (CATV). For example, POTS strands may consists of a plurality of twisted pairs and CATV may consist of coaxial cables. Utility pole63may also support optical fiber bundles such as those used for delivering FTTP services. A fiber drop terminal65may be attached to utility pole63and communicatively coupled with one-or-more of the optical fibers contained in a strand. Fiber drop terminal65may be spliced to optical fibers using techniques known in the art. For example, fiber drop terminal65may be spliced to an optical fiber at a manufacturing or assembly plant at a predetermined location on a strand, or fiber drop terminal65may be spliced to an optical fiber in the field by a linesman, or other crafts person, at a determined location.

Fiber drop terminals are used to interface between distribution cables and drop cables in a Passive Optic Network (PON) application. The fiber drop terminal65typically is installed by splicing a multi-fiber cable at a branch point in a large fiber count distribution cable. Fiber drop terminals may typically consist of 4, 6, 8 or 12 fibers and in some instances even more fibers. A single cable is used as the input to the terminal containing the fibers with the aforementioned counts. By way of example, a feed cable may have a central tube housing a plurality of individual optical fibers. Inside fiber drop terminal65the multi-fiber feed cable is separated into individual fibers and then terminated on individual rugged outdoor connector/adapters located on the exterior surface of the enclosure. Fiber drop terminal65is thus used to stage the PON cabling system near premises locations, such as a residence or office building, so that when a subscriber requests service a simple connectorized drop cable can be quickly connected between the fiber drop terminal and the Optical Network Terminal (ONT) at the home.

In preferred embodiments, optical connectors are used in the network to provide the desired flexibility however they are restricted to those points in the network where flexibility is absolutely required. Optical connectors are required to provide flexible access to optical splitter outputs. The preferred embodiments of the present invention provide connector flexibility and yet minimize optical loss using the optical splitter module with connectorized pigtails. The pigtails have standard SC or LC type connectors on the ends.

FIG. 3Aillustrates an optical splitter module100in a fiber distribution network having connectorized pigtails in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention. Module100may include essentially any number of output pigtails; however, typical deployments will utilize either 16 or 32 outputs per splitter module. The module100includes a bulkhead faceplate102having storage receptacles112. In a preferred embodiment, the optical splitter module100provides for a high density ribbon cabling harness106to protect the splitter outputs extending from the splitter module. The optical splitter module ribbon harness106is secured to module100with a strain relief mechanism104to provide high pull strength and bend radius control. The compact nature of the ribbon harness106allows for higher packing density and better space utilization in the cabling trough. The module harness is converted to individual pigtails with connectors to allow splitter outputs to be administered and rearranged individually.

Module100may be equipped with either half non-functional adapters or full functioning adapters as a means for storing pigtail ends. In preferred embodiment, the half non-functional adapters are used in applications not requiring fiber optic terminators other than for storage functionality. The full functional adapters are used in applications requiring connection of fiber optic terminators to the optical splitter output port. Access to the pigtail ferrule tip may be required for attaching fiber optic terminators to eliminate undesirable reflections caused by unterminated connectors. The module provides a home position from which optical splitter output pigtails can be deployed and where they can be returned to once taken out of service. This administrative use of adapters provides protection for the connectorized pigtails ends, maintains cleanliness of the connector ends, and enables rapid service connection and deployment.

The preferred embodiments of the present invention address configuring a fiber distribution hub with optical splitter modules having fixed length connectorized pigtails. One aspect of the preferred embodiment determines where to position the optical splitter modules relative to other fiber terminations needing access to the optical splitter ports. The preferred embodiments also provide for installing pigtails in a configuration that requires minimal pigtail rearrangement and slack yet allowing for enough slack to reach any of the fiber terminations requiring access to splitter ports. The methods of installing optical splitter module pigtails include determining how to route the pigtails in order to provide an optimal routing scheme that does not get congested and wherein slack can be controlled within set limits of the enclosure. The methods in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention include making all pigtails the same length for ease of manufacturing and ordering by the customer. Splitter modules all having the same pigtail length also allow ease of flexibility for allowing a splitter module to be installed in any available slot within the patch panel without regard to sequential order. While fixed length pigtails are preferred for many implantations, embodiments are not limited thereto. If desired, variable length pigtails may also be used.

A preferred embodiment of the method for installing the splitter module pigtails also provides for fiber management in the enclosure so that rearrangement and churn does not congest this management. To accomplish this, the slack and any chance of blocking access because of fiber entanglement is minimized. Preferred embodiments allow for churn over time including initial pigtail storage, service connection, service disconnection and repeat storage to provide ready access to pigtails for future use. The methods of the present invention are non-blocking and non-congesting for jumpers routed into cable pathways and fiber patch panels. The method of a preferred embodiment is fully contained within the confines of the enclosure.

FIG. 3Billustrates a view of the optical component modules (OCM)107A–D in module chassis frame101a fiber distribution hub enclosure in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention. The FDH configuration in a preferred embodiment provides for fiber management hardware on one side of the cabinet. This allows fiber jumpers to be routed between the termination shelf and the splitter shelf. Excess slack can be managed on the side of the cabinet using slack loops.

In accordance with a preferred embodiment, OCM modules107A–D can also be equipped with pigtails105to reduce the number of connections in the network. The modules shown inFIG. 3Beach contain a 1×32 splitter with pigtails provided on the input and 32 outputs. The connectorized ends of the pigtails are stored on bulkhead adapters103on the front of the module. These storage adapters provide a familiar locating scheme for spare pigtails so that connector ends can be quickly identified and connected to distribution fibers. The spacing on the adapters is the same as on standard connector panels.

In preferred embodiments, OCM modules can also be equipped with standard terminators. Modules terminated with bulkhead adapters may be equipped with terminators on the front of the module. Modules connected via pigtails and equipped with storage adapters are equipped with terminators on the rear of the panel.

FIG. 4Aschematically illustrates the installation of the optical splitter module pigtails138in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention. A preferred embodiment of the present invention includes a cabling installation layout125for FDH127including splitter modules132incrementally installed on a shelf129adjacent to a subscriber termination field128. The connectorized pigtails138from the splitter modules132having fixed identical length are routed in a circumferential path130surrounding the subscriber termination field128. The connectorized ends of the pigtails138are stored at a position on the front of the splitter module132using storage receptacles134. The layout in accordance with a preferred embodiment employs a fan through placement so that the splitter module pigtails can be installed without disturbing installation of pigtails already connected to subscriber termination field128. This installation layout in accordance with a preferred method of the present invention also ensures that the splitter module132can be preconfigured with the pigtail connectors135in the storage position and left in the storage position throughout the pigtail installation process.

FIG. 4Bschematically illustrates the service connection configuration150of the optical splitter module in accordance with the preferred embodiment of the present invention shown inFIG. 4A. The preferred embodiments of the present invention, include a service connection method to connect a subscriber into service by first disconnecting an individual splitter output pigtail138from the storage position in splitter module132and then routing the pigtail to the desired subscriber port152. Since the pigtail harness has been preconfigured and routed circumferentially around the subscriber termination, the pigtail138inherently reaches any of the desired subscriber ports within the target population by simply reducing the circumferential path distance. By reducing the circumferential path the pigtail slack exhibits additional slack. The additional slack may be taken up using slack-half loops in the vertical channel153A, B, or pigtail channel, where the pigtails are routed. The random nature of connecting splitter output pigtails to subscriber ports152result in a family of various size half-loops154that are managed in the vertical channel153A and153B within the confines of cabinet149.

FIGS. 5A and 5Bschematically illustrate the installation of the optical splitter module132pigtails and the service connection configuration of the optical splitter module, respectively, in a network having modules adjacent to each other in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention. A preferred embodiment of the present invention includes a method to connect subscriber ports that are in an adjacent field but not initially contained within the circumference of the splitter pigtail harness. In this extension the splitter output pigtail is routed to the adjacent field180which by virtue of a juxtaposed position has a path at the same distance to the subscriber port within the circumference. The subscriber ports192in the adjacent field also are assigned randomly therefore the resultant slack is managed using a family of various size half-loops in the vertical channel176.

FIGS. 5C and 5Dschematically illustrate the service connection configurations194,206of the termination and splitter fields in adjacent fiber distribution hubs in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention. The pigtails198,208of the left module196,214are routed circumferentially clockwise while the right pigtails204,210of the module202,216are routed circumferentially counterclockwise in a preferred embodiment. The fiber distribution hubs in this embodiment are located adjacent to one another, each having a splitter shelf with splitter modules and a termination shelf. The counter rotating feed provides for routing of the splitter module output pigtails circumferentially around the subscriber termination fields. The pigtail slack is stored in the vertical channels200,212.

A preferred embodiment includes a method of removing a splitter pigtail from a subscriber port and either redeploying that output pigtail to a new subscriber or storing the pigtail back to the original storage position at the splitter module. The method is completely non-blocking and non-congesting due to the planned slack management.

Most embodiments of optical splitter modules132used in FDH127may have 16 output ports or 32 output ports depending on a particular network configuration which20may include considerations for an optical budget associated with the optical splitters and associated network reach.FIG. 6Aillustrates a single width module222having a width (W1)230along with a double width module224having a width (W2)232that is on the order of twice that of WI224. Optical splitter modules222,224may have a physical configuration where output ports are terminated on the bulkhead faceplate227,229using connectors and/or receptacles228,238,240, or alternatively, with output ports in the form of pigtails138extending from the bulkhead faceplate and wrapped back and staged on storage ports226,234,236located on the faceplate as shown in, for example,FIG. 4A. In at least one design implementation, a 16 port module222may be deployed as a single width module W1230having output ports or storage ports arranged in a single column226of sixteen on the faceplate227. And, according to the same design implementation, a 32 port module224is a double width W2232module having output ports or storage ports arranged in two columns234,236of sixteen each on the faceplate229.

When used with pigtails and storage ports, the extending multi-fiber pigtail harness and associated breakout to individual pigtails consumes space in the enclosure for storing the protective breakout device that converts from multi-fiber cables to individual fiber pigtails. The space for storing the breakout device, or transition,131(FIG. 4A) is designed to allow either breakouts from two sixteen output port modules222or one thirty-two output port module224. Furthermore the space for storing the breakout device may be located at a fixed distance along a circumferentially routed splitter output harness. Therefore the space in the chassis allocated for mounting splitter modules that corresponds to the fixed storage space for the breakout devices should allow only two sixteen output port splitter modules222or one thirty-two output port splitter module224to be installed.

In certain situations, it may be desirable to employ a configuration utilizing an installation sequence wherein a 16 port module222is installed interstitially between two 32 port modules224with no space between adjacent modules. Such a configuration can pose problems if inadequate space is provided for accommodating the transition131. Examples of problems can include blocking and congestion. A pair-wise installation of a single width module222(e.g. a 16 output port module) in a double width slot can be utilized to preserve correspondence of equal length cabling harness breakout devices131which are stored and secured remotely from a splitter module in a designated storage area133of the enclosure127.

Embodiments of the invention make use of structures and methods that alone, or in combination, dissuade a user from installing a 32 port double width module224immediately adjacent to a 16 port single width module in situations where single width 16 port modules have not been installed in pairs, i.e. two 16 port modules installed immediately side-by-side. Techniques utilized in preferred embodiments, employ an automatically indexed latch to substantially preserve pair-wise installation of single width 16 port modules in the same position as a dual width 32 port modules.

FIG. 6Billustrates an embodiment utilizing a unique chassis bulkhead mounting configuration for splitter modules and a unique latch configuration associated with the splitter module to ensure that two single-width sixteen port splitter modules260are installed in a pair wise arrangement into the same space that would otherwise accept a single width thirty-two port splitter module254.

FIG. 6Bincludes a bulkhead250having an upper mounting rail251A and a lower rail251B defining an opening257for receiving double width splitter modules254and single width splitter modules260. Double width modules254include upper mounting hole pair256A, lower mounting hole pair256B on a faceplate along with a first bank of receptacles255A and a second bank of receptacles255B. Single width modules260include an upper mounting hole261A and a lower mounting hole261B and a single bank of receptacles263. In addition, single width modules260, and/or double width mounting modules254may include mounting latches.

A FDH chassis is supplied with a bulkhead250that provides an opening257for receiving splitter modules254,258in combination with mounting holes that receive splitter module latches immediately above and below the opening in the bulkhead. The pattern for the module mounting holes on the bulkhead of the FDH chassis consists of four holes per double wide module254which is divided into two holes on top256A and two holes on the bottom256B of the opening. The configuration is uniquely arranged such that each set of holes is offset toward the center so that they are not spaced evenly in the center where normally they would be expected when mounting single-width 16 port modules260into the same space. This unique bulkhead mounting arrangement ensures that a double width module254cannot be installed immediately adjacent to a single width module260unless two single width modules260have been installed in a pair wise arrangement. By ensuring a pair wise installation this in turn forces the proper utilization of the storage area for splitter output pigtail breakout devices on the FDH chassis which are located remotely from the splitter modules at a fixed distance from the splitter module along the circumferential length.

As part of the solution a 16 port single-width module260is equipped with a uniquely shaped indexing latch feature at the top and bottom of the module so that the single width module260can be installed into the bulkhead opening while allowing the latch to be slightly offset to the left or to the right. The unique latching feature is a physically shaped bilobar hole261A,261B that allows the latch of single width module to be shifted to the left or to the right upon installation to align with the off center holes.

Additionally, the slotted hole on the single-width module260is uniquely shaped to allow a standard fastener typically used for this type of module to be fixed in place either to the left or to the right. This slotted hole is configured in a unique heart or bilobar shape so as to latch the fastener grommet either to the right of center when the single-width module is mounted in the left position or to the left of center when the single-width module is mounted to the right position. The heart shaped slot essentially indexes the latch to the left or to the right while retaining adequate strength to seat the grommet and to locate and secure the module firmly in place without subsequent shifting within the bulkhead opening.

FIGS. 6C–6Hillustrate aspects of the keying mechanism used for aligning 16 and 32 output splitter modules in a desired pattern.

FIGS. 7A–7Eillustrate views of an fiber distribution hub in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention. The fiber distribution hub (FDH) in accordance with a preferred embodiment administers connections between fiber optic cables and passive optical splitters in the Outside Plant (OSP) environment. These enclosures are used to connect feeder and distribution cables via electromagnetic power splitters providing distributed service in a FTTP network application. The preferred embodiment FDH provides a vital cross-connect/interconnect interface for optical transmission signals at a location in the network where fiber hubbing, operational access and reconfiguration are important requirements. In addition the FDH is designed to accommodate a range of sizes and fiber counts and support factory installation of pigtails, fanouts and splitters.

In accordance with preferred embodiments, the FDH is provided in pole mount or pedestal mount configurations. The same cabinet and working space is available in both pole mount (FIGS. 7A and 7B) and pedestal mount units (FIGS. 7C,7D and7E). Three sizes of FDHs are typically available, for example, to correspond to three different feeder counts, for example,144,216and432; however, additional sizes of FDHs can be used without limitation.

Embodiments of280,290,300,310,320FDH provide termination, splicing, interconnection and splitting in one compartment. The enclosures accommodate either metallic or dielectric OSP cables via sealed grommet entry. Cables are secured with standard grip clamps or other means known in the art. The FDH may also provide grounding for metallic members and for the cabinet.

Enclosures280,290,300,310,320provide environmental and mechanical protection for cables, splices, connectors and passive optical splitters. These enclosures are typically manufactured from heavy gauge aluminum and are NEMA-4X rated and provide the necessary protection against rain, wind, dust, rodents and other environmental contaminants. At the same time, these enclosures remain lightweight for easy installation, and breathable to prevent accumulation of moisture in the unit. An aluminum construction with a heavy powder coat finish also provides for corrosion resistance. These enclosures are accessible through secure doors that are locked with standard tool or pad-lock.

FIG. 8illustrates a view of the internal components of a fiber distribution hub enclosure350in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention. FDH enclosure350can be configured in a number of different ways to support fiber cable termination and interconnection to passive optical splitters. The configuration illustrated inFIG. 8provides for a termination shelf352, a splitter shelf and optical component modules354, a splice shelf356, and a channel for fiber management358.

Termination shelf352can be based on the standard main distribution center (MDC) enclosure line that provides complete management for fiber terminations in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention. In a preferred embodiment, the termination shelf is preterminated in the factory with a stub cable containing either 144-fibers, 216-fibers or 432-fibers. This stub cable is used to connect services to distribution cables routed to residences. The distribution fibers are terminated on certified connectors. The termination shelf may use standard 12-pack or 18-pack adapter panels, for example, that have been ergonomically designed to provide easy access to fiber terminations in the field. These panels can be mounted on a hinged bulkhead to allow easy access to the rear for maintenance. The fiber jumpers are organized and protected as they transition into the fiber management section358of the enclosure.

The splitter shelf354can be based on a standard fiber patch panel that accepts standard optical component modules (OCM) holding optical splitters in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention. In a preferred embodiment, the splitter modules, or cassettes, are designed to simply snap into the shelf and therefore can be added incrementally as needed. The splitter shelf354serves to protect and organize the input and output fibers connected to the cassettes. Splitter shelves354are available in various sizes and the shelf size can be optimized for different OCM module configurations.

FIG. 9illustrates a schematic view of a fiber distribution hub enclosure380having a side-by-side equipment configuration in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention. There are two adjacent termination shelves388,390and two adjacent splitter shelves384,386, separated by a central fiber management channel382in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

FDHs may be installed on utility poles or in pedestal arrangements that require the rear of the enclosure to remain fixed. In these situations, it is not possible to access cables or fiber terminations through the rear of the cabinet. Normal administration of an FDH may require that a linesman access the rear of the termination bulkhead to perform maintenance operations on the rear connectors. One such operation is cleaning a connector to remove dirt or contamination that might impair the performance of components therein. In addition, the rear of an FDH enclosure may have to be accessed for trouble shooting fibers such as may occur with fiber breakage or crushing of a fiber. Furthermore, it may be necessary to access the rear of the enclosure for adding cables as in a maintenance upgrade or as is the case when performing a branch splice to route designated fibers to alternate locations using an FDH as a point of origin. In circumstances such as those identified immediately above, access to the rear of the enclosure may be difficult if a rear door or access panel is not provided. Gaining access to the rear of such an enclosure may require disassembly of the equipment chassis and/or cabling apparatus to provide access to the fiber connectors or cables.

Arrangements for providing access behind the chassis must be carefully planned so as to minimize the movement of working fibers. For instance, an arrangement may be devised to move the terminations and not the splitter pigtails. Such an arrangement may place undue stress on the terminations and/or pigtails because one section of the apparatus is moved, while another remains stationary. Apparatus that include partial movement to access connectors may not be suitable for adding additional capacity to and maintenance of, the cabling system. Sliding apparatus trays or tilting bulkhead panel apparatus may tend to create stress points in fiber cables and block certain other areas of the chassis for maintenance access, and therefore may not be a desirable alternative to enclosures having removable back panels.

FIG. 10illustrates a preferred embodiment of an FDH enclosure301that is designed with a unique swing frame chassis322that swings the entire chassis including optical connectors, splitters and splices open 90 degrees or more to allow access to all optical components for cleaning and testing and to cables for maintenance or additions. The swing frame design provides the necessary provisions to add additional cables into the unit for future use which may require complete access to the back of the cabinet. For example, access to rear penetrator punch-outs320is possible with the swing chassis in the opened position. Weather proof feed-throughs can be installed when the punch-outs are removed and multi-fiber cables can then be passed through the feed-throughs and into the enclosure.

An embodiment of FDH cabinet301comes equipped with a single point swing frame release latch326that provides easy access to the rear and securely locks the chassis into place when closed. In addition, locks can be provided to hold the chassis open at various angular increments to reduce the chances of injury to a linesman when working on components located behind the bulkhead335. Chassis322, when equipped with locks for holding it open, is referred to as a self-locking chassis. In the embodiment ofFIG. 10, the entire chassis is hinged providing a single point of flex for the fiber cable routed to the chassis. This hinge point is carefully constructed in the factory to control the fiber bend; and, therefore the fiber bend at the hinge point is not subjected to craft handling in the field. In particular, chassis hinge324and cable routing hardware are designed to ensure that manufacture recommended bend radii are not violated when the chassis is opened or closed. For example, chassis322may have pigtail channels153A, B attached thereto so that the slack associated with the pigtails remains fixed as chassis322is moved throughout its range of motion.

In addition, transitions131and transition storage area133can be located on chassis322. In this configuration, transitions131may be accessed from above when chassis322is in an open position. In order to ensure that input fibers and pigtails are not disturbed or distorted in an impermissible manner, enclosure300may be configured at a factory, or plant, so as to have cable bundles dressed around hinge324. Preconfiguring enclosure300reduces the chance that cabling will be done incorrectly.

In particular, a preferred embodiment of enclosure301includes, among other things, a top panel302, a first side panel304, a second side panel306, a bottom panel308, a back panel309, a first door310and a second door312which collectively make up the exterior dimensions and structure of the enclosure301. In addition, enclosure301may include one or more carry handles318for facilitating deployment of enclosure301at a desired location. First and second doors310and312may each be pivotally mounted by way of a hinged edge313,315to facilitate access to components mounted within enclosure301. In addition, first and second doors310,312may employ a lip316and channel314assembly to facilitate tamper resistance and weatherproofing. Channel314may operate in conjunction with elastomeric gasket material to further facilitate a weatherproof seal. Enclosure300may further include ledge307running along an interior portion of top surface302, first side surface304, second side surface306and bottom surface308to additionally facilitate a weatherproof seal when first and second doors312,314are closed. A lock311can be installed in a door to discourage unauthorized access to the interior volume of enclosure301.

Enclosure301includes a swinging frame322that is hinged along a side using hinge324. Hinge324allows frame322to be pivoted so as to cause the side opposing hinge324to move away from the interior volume of enclosure301. When frame322is in the open position, as shown inFIG. 10, rear feed throughs320are accessible along with cable management tray328, splitter chassis rear cover330and rear termination connections332.

In contrast, when swing frame322is in the closed position, only components on front bulkhead335are readily accessible. For example, termination field bulkhead334and splitter chassis bulkhead336are accessible when swing frame322is in the closed position.

The trend to higher capacity fiber distribution hubs creates additional concerns regarding rear access to optical components and cables. Along with other dimensions of the enclosure the width of the chassis must be increased to accommodate increased termination capacity that includes increased number of connectors, splitter modules, splices and fiber jumpers. In addition to the issues described in conjunction with the swing frame chassis ofFIG. 10, additional issues may arise as the width of a swing frame FDH chassis322is increased.

As the width of the swing frame chassis322is increased the width of the cabinet must be increased proportionately to accommodate clearance between a swing frame chassis and the side wall of the enclosure as the chassis swings open. At a certain point the width of the entire cabinet grows beyond conventionally acceptable widths, especially for utility pole installations, when the swing frame chassis is utilized therein. While the chassis width needs to be increased to accommodate, say for example, a larger termination field, proportionally increasing the size of the swing frame chassis may not be acceptable due to the addition of even more width to the enclosure to accommodate a swinging frame.

FIG. 11Aillustrates an embodiment of a fiber distribution hub383capable of accommodating large termination fields and large swinging frames associated therewith while minimizing the additional enclosure width necessary to accommodate the swinging frame322. Hub383may include, among other things, a rear enclosure portion387, a front enclosure portion385, a seam381and one or more access door panels. Hub, as illustrated, includes a first access door389A and389B. Hub383includes an enclosure designed with a vertical split381in the entire side wall of the enclosure thus allowing the front chassis section of the enclosure to be completely separated and hinged away from the back section of the enclosure which remains fixed. The split in the enclosure means that the entire closure is split and therefore a reduction in the overall enclosure width needed to achieve a swing frame chassis configuration, since the additional width that would be necessary to allow clearance between the swing frame chassis and the side of the enclosure is largely eliminated. The split enclosure is accomplished by using a particularly strong back section387designed as the sole fixed, or stationary, structural member of the enclosure. The enclosure is split at a position along the depth to provide enough side wall stiffness to the back section387so as to ensure structural integrity for the entire chassis via the back section and a rugged hinge.

Since an FDH is typically an environmental enclosure, the split381in the enclosure must be sealed to protect against water and other environmental factors. Thus the back section and the chassis are joined with a compression seal in split381that serves as an environmental barrier. To accomplish environmental sealing the robust hinge391serving to support the entire chassis section of the enclosure is located outside the moisture seal to allow a continuous seal to be routed around the split. In addition the entire back section of the enclosure is covered by the top rain shield393that provides a roof for the entire enclosure including the split section. The hinge is designed and configured so as to manage the bend radii of fibers in an acceptable manner.

Furthermore the split section is joined by two quick release latches located within the enclosure and accessed only through the front doors. These latches quickly actuate the release to split the chassis section away from the back to provide rapid access. The latches easily draw the cabinet back together and provide compression to complete the environmental seal on the split when closed. Enclosure383may further be equipped with angled cable entry channels for carrying moisture away from the cable seals. The angled entry way, if employed, is associated with the rear section of the enclosure.

The back section387of the enclosure provides a unique cable management scheme to provide rear or side entry. Rear entry is provided in much the same way as conventional enclosures via an angled fixture to carry moisture away from the cable seals. The back section of the split enclosure is designed so that the side sections are large enough to accept the same fixtures thus allowing side cable entry into the enclosure as well.

FIGS. 11B–11Gfurther illustrate embodiments of split enclosures.FIG. 11Billustrates a top view of enclosure440showing top surface442consisting of a rain shield446.FIG. 11Cillustrates a view showing rear surface444and utility pole mounting brackets445A–D.FIG. 11Dillustrates a side view of enclosure440showing rain shield446, front portion448, central portion447and rear portion444. In the embodiment ofFIG. 11D, rear portion444remains fixed by way of being supported on a utility pole. Central portion447is pivotally attached to rear portion using a hinge and front portion448is pivotally attached to central portion447using a hinge450.FIG. 11Eillustrates a front view of an enclosure441showing, among other things, an optical splitter mounting area456, a subscriber termination field458, a cable raceway454and a first door452A and a second door452B.FIG. 11Fillustrates an enclosure459having rear portion444and gasket450pivotally attached to central portion447. Central portion447is in an open position and is disengaged from rear portion along 3 edges. Enclosure459further includes shelves460, optical splitter module mounting areas, subscriber termination fields, etc.FIG. 11Gillustrates a perspective view showing the rear portion of enclosure459. Latches464retain central portion447in a closed position.

FIGS. 11H and 11I, together, illustrate an exemplary method for using embodiments of FDH enclosures employing one or more swinging chasses. First, a determination is made as to whether the enclosure utilizes a swinging chassis322(step337). If no swinging chassis is used, the enclosure is accessed using conventional techniques known in the art (step339). If a swinging chassis322is identified in step337, a determination is made as to whether the enclosure is a split enclosure (step341). If the enclosure is not a split enclosure, the enclosure doors are opened (step343) and the method flow goes to the input of step351. In contrast, if a split enclosure is identified in step341, the enclosure doors are opened (step345) and then one-or-more compression latches are released (step347).

Compression latches are used to keep the gasket of the enclosure in compression to facilitate weatherproofing. After the compression latches are released, the flexible portion of the enclosure is moved to its opened position (step349). After step349, the method flow from the No path of step341rejoins the main method flow. The swinging chassis322is unlatched (step351) and the chassis is pivoted to an open position (step353).

After the chassis is in the open position, a determination is made as to whether the chassis frame is equipped with a locking mechanism to keep the frame at a desired angle with respect to the enclosure (step355).

If no locking mechanism is present, the method flow goes to the input of step359. In contrast, if a locking mechanism is present, the lock is engaged to hold the open chassis at a determined position (step357). Next, a desired service is performed (step359). By way of example, a desired service may include repairing damaged or worn components within the enclosure, inspecting components within the enclosure, connecting a subscriber, disconnecting a subscriber, adding additional components such as optical splitter modules to the enclosure, or removing components from the enclosure.

Now referring toFIG. 11I, after service is performed, a determination is made as to whether the chassis frame is locked in an open position (step361). If the chassis is not locked in the open position, method flow goes to the input of step365. In contrast, if the frame is locked open, the lock is released (step363). The chassis is then closed (step365) and latched in the closed position (step367).

A determination is then made as to whether a split enclosure is in the opened position (step369) If a split enclosure was not used, method flow goes to the input of step375. In contrast, if a split enclosure was used and is open, the appropriate enclosure section is closed (step371) and the compression latches are engaged (step373). The doors to the enclosure are then closed (step375) and locked if needed.

FDH enclosures are commonly mounted to utility poles at an elevation which cannot be accessed by a linesman standing on the ground; and therefore, the linesman typically accesses the enclosure by climbing to the elevation of the enclosure. Often, enclosures are installed in conjunction with a utility platform or balcony that is a permanent fixture attached to the pole below the enclosure that allows the linesman to stand in front of the enclosure while making circuit connections. A linesman typically climbs a ladder or steps to the elevation of the balcony and then transfers to the platform to conduct operations. Standard safety procedures used in the art require that the linesman latch into appropriate safety mechanisms in conjunction with a safety harness to break a fall should a fall occur while climbing the ladder, transferring to the balcony, or while working on the platform. Provisions for safety latching and access are typically provided along with enclosure installations such as FDH installations.

Enclosures fabricated for use in copper plant installations (such as plain old telephone system, or POTS installations) were typically fabricated from heavy gauge steel and thus provided adequate strength for latching safety harnesses directly to the enclosure. However, new enclosures are constructed from aluminum or other lightweight, corrosion-resistant materials to provide easier installation and to provide added protection against long term exposure to the elements. These lightweight enclosures do not provide adequate structural strength to reliably break a fall if a safety line is attached thereto.

In typical field operations, a linesman may transfer from a ladder to the platform, or balcony, to begin work on an elevated enclosure. Safety procedures dictate that the linesman first attaches a safety line to an appropriate structure, herein a latching point, on the pole before making the transfer. In order to encourage attachment of the safety line to an appropriately designed structure, embodiments use a safety structure that is easily accessible, and optimally located, to the linesman while on the ladder. In addition, the safety structure provides necessary mobility to the linesman as he transfers from the ladder to the platform and while he works on the enclosure. In addition, a structurally sound handle is provided for supporting the linesman's weight as the transfer from ladder to platform is made. The latching point and handle are mounted on both sides of the pole and mounted enclosure since it cannot be determined ahead of time, with certainty, from which side of the pole the linesman will ascend to the platform.

Preferred embodiments of an elevated FDH include a latching point in conjunction with a structural member which can be installed as an option with a pole mounted FDH. Use of the optional member, allows installation of a latching point equipped FDH only in circumstances where it is desired. For those situations where a latching point is not needed, the FDH is provided with a standard mounting bracket. Still other embodiments of the elevated FDH provide for a standard mounting bracket that is capable of post installation augmentation by the addition of a structural member and latching point should it be desired after an initial installation of the FDH. Since the latching point and/or structural member may incur damage if they are used to break a fall or over the normal course of use, embodiments of the elevated FDH utilize field-replaceable latching points and structural members.

FIG. 12Aillustrates a preferred embodiment of an elevated FDH399mounted to a utility pole401using a structural member404having a latching point400. Structural member, or stabilization bar,464serves as a heavy mounting bracket that can optionally be equipped with a heavy duty safety latch400attached to the bar along with a handle406that can be releasably attached to the enclosure mounting bracket using bolts408. The structural stabilizer bar404is constructed, for example, from a heavy duty steel beam such as a welded beam and provides adequate strength to transfer the load of the accidental fall directly to the utility pole401without relying on the strength of the elevated FDH enclosure403. In a preferred embodiment, bar404spans the entire width of the enclosure399. In addition, latching points400are located so that a linesman can access them from the front, side or back of FDH399. Furthermore, latching points400are located so that the safety line can be draped over a door of FDH399while a linesman works inside the enclosure. While steel is used in a preferred embodiment of the structural stabilizer bar404, other materials such as aluminum, titanium and composite can be used for the beam if desired, providing that the material cross sectional dimensions are altered appropriately for the specific material to achieve the necessary load bearing capability. In addition, the shape of the structural stabilizer bar can be changed. Stabilizer bar404may be mounted directly to pole401or it may be mounted to an intervening structure which is in turn mounted to pole401. Additionally, stabilizer bar404can be demounted as desired.

In the embodiment ofFIG. 12A, the latching point consists of a safety latch400made from a heavy-duty “D-Ring” loop that is sized to allow fastening of the standard linesman's safety harness thereto and further having sufficient strength to restrain a linesman under accidental fall conditions. Safety latch400is replaceable and may be specified to be replaced after a single fall. As such, the safety latch is designed to be easily replaced using fasteners such as bolts401in conjunction with bracket402. A handle406is also provided in the illustrated embodiment. Handle406fastens onto the side of the pole mount bracket to facilitate a linesman's transfer from a ladder to a platform. In particular, handle406may be mounted to a flange410on structural member404and is positioned to assist a linesman while transferring from the ladder to the pole401. For example, a linesman climbing the pole401will latch the safety harness to the “D-Ring”400, and then hold the handle406while transferring from the ladder to a secure position on the balcony in front of the elevated FDH enclosure.

A typical installation of the elevated FDH enclosure will include two “D-Rings” and two handles with one of each mounted on either side of the enclosure. To help ensure the safety of the linesman, handle406is designed so that it will not accept the latch from the linesman's safety harness because handle406may not rated for an accidental fall load. This safety feature is achieved by increasing the diameter on handle406beyond a diameter that will function with the safety latch400while. still keeping the diameter of the handle to an acceptable range for a normal linesman's hand to grasp. As a result, the linesman is forced only to connect to “D-Rings”400that are rated in accordance to the safety harness and accidental fall requirements.

FIG. 12Billustrates an exemplary method for using an elevated FDH enclosure399equipped with a handle406and D-ring400. The method ofFIG. 12Bcommences when a linesman places a ladder against a utility pole401having an elevated FDH399mounted thereto (step426). The linesman climbs the pole to the height of a balcony associated with elevated FDH399(step422). Then the linesman attaches a safety line, rated for stopping a fall, to D-ring400(step424). The linesman then grasps handle406and transfers from the ladder to the balcony (step426).

Once on the balcony, the linesman opens doors414and416to gain access to components located within the interior volume of elevated FDH399(step428). Any necessary servicing is performed (step430) and then doors416,416are closed (step432). The linesman then grasps handle406and transfers to the ladder (step434). The safety line is unclipped from the D-ring400(step436) and the linesman descends the ladder (step438).

FIG. 13is a flow chart illustrating a method for installing and connecting optical splitter module pigtails in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention. The method includes the step522of installing a splitter module with output pigtails in a patch panel position. Further, the method includes the step524of routing the splitter module output pigtails circumferentially around a subscriber termination field. The method includes the step526of connecting an individual splitter pigtail connectorized ends at splitter module storage receptacles. These storage receptacles can be initially preconditioned in the factory. The method includes a next step528of storing the pigtail slack in half-loops in an adjacent vertical channel. Further, the method includes the step530of deciding whether to connect or disconnect the service order. If a service order needs to be connected, the method includes the decision in step532of determining if a splitter output is available for assignment. If it is determined that the splitter output is available for assignment then the method progresses to step542of disengaging connectorized pigtail from the storage position. If it is determined that the splitter output is not available per step538then it is determined if a position is available for adding a module. If Yes, then the method steps are reiterated starting back from step522. If, however, it is determined that there is no position available then the maximum module capacity of the system has been reached.

The method also includes the option of disconnecting the service order per step534. The step534includes disengaging the connectorized pigtail from the subscriber position and per step536routing the pigtail through an expanded circumferential path around the subscriber termination field536.

The method further includes the step544of connecting the splitter pigtail to the subscriber position and the step546of routing the pigtail through a reduced circumferential path around the subscriber termination field. The method includes the step548of storing the pigtail slack in graduated half-loops in an adjacent vertical channel.

Alternative embodiments for interior components of FDHs may be practiced in accordance with teachings herein. By way of example, hinged parking panels may be employed for storing unused pigtails.FIG. 14Aillustrates a chassis600utilizing hinged parking. The embodiment ofFIG. 14Amay include, among other things, a chassis frame602, module retainers603, a splitter module mounting area604, an upper splitter module shelf605, a mounting bracket607for pivotally mounting chassis frame602and storage/parking panel612to an interior surface of an enclosure, an inner volume608, a storage panel hinge610, storage parking panel612, a parking portion having a plurality of receptacles614, fiber pigtail guides616, a fiber pigtail guide panel618, a storage panel primary guide620, and a chassis fiber guide622.

Chassis frame602has an inner volume608for accepting a subscriber termination field. Chassis602also includes a splitter module shelf605for supporting splitter modules above a subscriber termination field. Splitter modules are retained in place using retainers603. Fiber pigtails having connectorized ends, are routed through chassis cable guide622, panel primary guide, and one-or-more panel mounted fiber pigtail guides616before being stored in parking receptacle field614.

Hinged storage/parking panel612provides greater fiber connector density than embodiments utilizing splitter modules having storage receptacles thereon and located below a subscriber termination field. In addition, storage receptacles6y14can be organized in columns of 16 or 32 receptacles so as to correspond to a splitter module having 16 or 32 pigtails. As pigtail connectors are removed from storage receptacles614and deployed onto subscriber termination field, columns of receptacles can be removed from hinged panel612and re-used in FDHs at other locations. Furthermore, once all pigtails are deployed on subscriber termination field, the entire hinged panel612can be removed thus providing unencumbered access to the termination field. In addition, hinged panel612can be sized to serve as a protective cover for the subscriber termination field. If gasketing, or other releasable sealing means, is provided, then hinged panel612can operate to prevent dust and debris from accumulating on the subscriber termination field.

FIG. 14Billustrates an embodiment of a chassis having two doors containing connector parking. Embodiment650may include, among other things, a chassis651, an upper splitter module shelf652having a first module area656A, a second module area656B, a first set of module guides654A, a second set of module guides654B, a first set of module retainers658A, a second set of module retainers658B, an upper chassis fiber guide660A, a lower chassis fiber guide660B, a first door panel662A having a lower parking management area666, an upper parking management area664,an upper and lower parking field668,670, panel upper fiber guides672, panel lower guides, an inner volume680and a first door panel662B having substantially the same configuration as the first door panel662A. The embodiment ofFIG. 14Boperates in substantially the same manner as the embodiment ofFIG. 14Aexcept that the receptacles for parking a splitter module outputs are contained on two hinged door panels662A,662B. The chassis embodiments ofFIGS. 14A and 14Bmay be used with enclosures mounted on grade as well as enclosures supported on utility poles.