Personal mobility vehicles with adjustable wheel positions

An adjustable wheel mobility vehicle can have a support structure for supporting a rider, a modular conveying feature with a wheel, and an attachment that physically and tightly secures the modular conveying feature to the support structure in at least two different positions. A tool-free mechanism can allow a user to free the modular conveying feature from the support structure for movement to another position. A system for adjusting a skateboard wheel position can include a wheel support structure having multiple wheel attachment positions, and a wheel assembly comprising a skateboard wheel and a base. The wheel can swivel with respect to the base and the base can join to the wheel support structure. The base and wheel support structure can tightly join to prevent rotation of the base with respect to the wheel support structure and that tightly retain the base in a first attachment position. A release feature can allow a user to easily loosen the base and reposition it in a second attachment position.

BACKGROUND

Personal mobility vehicles have many aspects available for improvement. There is a need for devices that allow for simple and secure replacement and adjustment of wheels, for example.

SUMMARY OF CERTAIN ASPECTS

The present disclosure relates to personal mobility vehicles, such as casterboards, skateboards, scooters, drift carts, go carts, or otherwise. In particular, the present disclosure relates to vehicles with wheels that can be adjusted to varying positions. This can enable the wheel location and stance to be customized, such as to accommodate a user's personal preferences, to enable different riding characteristics, to facilitate various tricks, to provide for replacement of worn parts, to upgrade to motorized or otherwise improved components, and/or otherwise.

In some embodiments, the wheel length is adjustable. “Wheel length” is the front-to-rear distance between the centers of a front wheel and a rear wheel. In some embodiments, the wheel width is adjustable. “Wheel width” is the side-to-side distance between the centers of two front wheels and/or between two rear wheels.

In some embodiments, a casterboard can comprise a deck configured to support a user, a front caster wheel, a rear caster wheel, and a wheel lock. At least one of the front caster wheel and the rear caster wheel comprises a movable wheel that is configured to translate from a first position to a second position relative to the deck. The wheel lock can be configured to secure the movable wheel in the first and the second positions.

In some embodiments, the movable wheel can be configured to translate along a track in the deck. In some embodiments, the casterboard can further comprise an access region configured to enable the movable wheel to be removed from the deck. In some embodiments, the movable wheel is configured to translate in a direction that is generally parallel to a longitudinal axis of the vehicle. In some embodiments, the wheel lock comprises a latch on the movable wheel and a plurality of openings in the deck. The wheel lock can comprise a set screw. The movable wheel can be motorized. The front caster wheel can be the movable wheel. The rear caster wheel can be the movable wheel. In some embodiments, the casterboard can further comprise a neck portion that is narrower than a front and rear portion of the deck.

In some embodiments, an adjustable wheel mobility vehicle can comprise a support structure configured to support a rider, at least one modular conveying feature comprising a wheel for conveying the rider and the support structure, at least one attachment in the support structure, the attachment configured to physically and/or tightly secure the at least one modular conveying feature to the support structure in at least two different positions, and/or a tool-free mechanism configured to allow a user to free the at least one modular conveying feature from attachment to the support structure for movement between the at least two different positions.

In some embodiments, the vehicle can further comprise a second wheel, wherein movement of the at least one modular conveying feature between the at least two different positions changes a distance between it and the second wheel. In some embodiments, the second wheel can be fixed with respect to the support structure. In some embodiments, the support structure comprises a casterboard deck having two widened portions configured to support two feet and separated by a resilient portion, the attachment in the support structure is located beneath one of the widened portions, and a second wheel is positioned beneath another one of the widened portions. In some embodiments, the attachment comprises multiple holes through a portion of the support structure. In some embodiments, the attachment comprises a longitudinal track and the modular conveying feature comprises a wheel base configured to snugly or tightly fit within the track. In some embodiments, the attachment further comprises a protrusion extending into an opening to secure the modular conveying feature at a particular position within the longitudinal track. In some embodiments, the attachment further comprises edge walls of the wheel base and parallel walls of the longitudinal track that cooperate to prevent rotation of the wheel base. In some embodiments, the wheel base supports a caster wheel for pivoting about a pivot axis for rolling about a rolling axis. In some embodiments, in both of the at least two different positions, the wheel base positions the wheel at a non-perpendicular angle with respect to a principal plane of the support structure and provides a self-centering bias for the wheel. In some embodiments, the vehicle further comprises a wheel position indicator visible from above the support structure and configured to indicate to a rider a present position of the modular conveying feature. In some embodiments, the wheel position indicator comprises a viewing opening in the support structure and a portion of the modular conveying feature. In some embodiments, the tool-free mechanism comprises a wheel lock having resilient protrusions that can be displaced by human user's hand without a tool when repositioning the modular conveying structure between the at least two different positions.

In some embodiments, a system for adjusting a skateboard (or other type of personal mobility vehicle) wheel position can comprise a wheel support structure having multiple wheel attachment positions, and a wheel assembly comprising a wheel (e.g., a skateboard wheel) and a base, the wheel configured to swivel with respect to the base and the base configured to join to the wheel support structure. The base and wheel support structure can comprise complimentary structures that tightly join to prevent rotation of the base with respect to the wheel support structure and that tightly retain the base in a first attachment position. The base and wheel support structure can further comprise a release feature configured to allow a user to easily loosen the base from the first attachment position of the wheel support structure and reposition the base in a second attachment position of the wheel support structure, such that the base is tightly retained in the second attachment position.

In some embodiments, the wheel support structure comprises an elongate opening with at least two vertical walls that are sized to allow the base to slide into the opening while the walls maintain contact with corresponding walls in the base, thereby forming the complimentary structures that tightly join to prevent rotation of the base with respect to the wheel support structure. In some embodiments, the at least two vertical walls have at least two side openings and the base has at least one resilient protrusion that cooperates with the two side openings to form complimentary structures that tightly retain the base in the first attachment position, the resilient protrusion also forming the release feature. In some embodiments, the system further comprises a skateboard or casterboard deck configured to position the wheel support structure on its underside such that at least two wheels are provided to support the deck when in use. In some embodiments, the release feature comprises at least one resilient tab lock that can be displaced and unlocked by a user's fingers.

In some embodiments, a compact kit for assembling a skateboard or casterboard can comprise a deck, a securement module having multiple wheel bays, and at least one wheel assembly having a base configured for insertion into the multiple wheel bays. The kit can comprise a package that efficiently positions the deck, the securement module, and the at least one wheel assembly generally within the same plane to form a flat pack. In some embodiments, the kit can further comprise a second securement module having a bay and a second wheel assembly having a base configured for insertion into the bay of the second securement module, the package further configured to position the second securement module and the second wheel assembly generally within the same plane to form the flat pack.

Neither the preceding Summary nor the following Detailed Description purports to limit or define the scope of protection. The scope of protection is defined by the claims.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF CERTAIN EMBODIMENTS

This specification provides textual descriptions and illustrations of many devices, components, assemblies, and subassemblies. Any structure, material, function, method, or step that is described and/or illustrated in one example can be used by itself or with or instead of any structure, material, function, method, or step that is described and/or illustrated in another example or used in this field. The text and drawings merely provide examples and should not be interpreted as limiting or exclusive. No feature disclosed in this application is considered critical or indispensable. The relative sizes and proportions of the components illustrated in the drawings form part of the supporting disclosure of this specification, but should not be considered to limit any claim unless recited in such claim.

Various embodiments of vehicles with wheels that can be replaced, secured, decoupled, updated, and/or adjusted to various positions are disclosed. The present disclosure describes certain embodiments in the context of a casterboard due to particular utility in that context. However, the subject matter of the present disclosure can be used in many other contexts as well (such as scooters, skateboards, carts, or other personal mobility vehicles) and is not limited to the embodiments illustrated in the drawings. The present technology can be implemented in powered or manually operated vehicles.

Throughout the drawings, the particular shape and size of the elements illustrated may be exaggerated or otherwise vary from a particular implementation of this disclosure in order to communicate certain aspects of this disclosure.

FIG.1schematically illustrates a mobility vehicle having modules that can be a support structure and one or more connectable and/or adjustable conveying features. For example, a conveyance1can include a support structure2and modular conveying features4and6. These features can have different separations7between them. They can detach and attach, as shown by bi-directional arrow8and9, to the support structure2at different positions. Preferably, such attachments do not require tools and provide secure, strong and rigid support for swiveling and rotating wheels to perform properly under rigorous skating conditions.

Example Embodiment

FIGS.2A-3show different views of a casterboard10, which can have adjustable wheel positions, consistent with the schematic illustration ofFIG.1. In the perspective view ofFIG.2A, a front wheel14and a back wheel16is shown. A notched region of the deck12can allow torsion and propulsion as front and back portions tilt in opposite directions under pressure from a user's feed, but then tend to resiliently return to a neutral position. This is possible in part because of the tilted wheel configuration shown inFIG.3, where wheel assemblies connect to the deck12through a wedge-shaped base discussed further below.

FIG.4illustrates a bottom perspective view of a vehicle with one or more wheels that can be adjusted to various positions, consistent with the views inFIGS.2A-3. The illustrated vehicle is a casterboard10, though as mentioned above, the present technology can be implemented on other types of vehicles too. The casterboard10can include any of the features disclosed in U.S. Pat. Nos. 7,195,259 and 7,338,056, each of which is incorporated by reference herein in its entirety and discussed in more detail below.

The casterboard10can include a deck12that a rider can stand on. The casterboard can include a neck portion that is narrower than a front and rear portion of the deck. Using this neck as a pivot region, the front and rear positions can be twisted relative to each other to provide locomotion to the vehicle.

The casterboard can include a front wheel14and a rear wheel16. Some embodiments have a plurality of front wheels and/or a plurality of rear wheels. One or more of the wheels14,16can be caster wheels, such that the wheels can roll around a first axis parallel to the deck, while a fork holding the wheels can swivel or spin around a second axis transverse to the deck. The wheel14can include a base14aand a rotating portion14b. One or more of the wheels14,16can be motorized.

One or more of the wheels14,16of the casterboard10can be configured to move (e.g., translate) relative to the deck12. Advantageously, any moveable wheel(s) are rigidly and securely positioned during use of the casterboard10, but can be quickly and readily repositioned by a user. For example, in the example illustrated inFIGS.4and5, the front wheel14can slide (or be repositioned linearly) relative to the deck12from a first position to a second position. The base14aof the wheel14can slide or be repositioned along one or more rails18and/or in a track20. In some embodiments, the movable wheel can be moved in a direction generally parallel to a longitudinal centerline axis L of the vehicle. This can facilitate adjustment of the wheel length, or distance between wheels. Wheel length can be a property of a casterboard that corresponds to the preferred stance (separation between legs) of a user, such that each foot is placed above one of the wheels. In some embodiments, the movable wheel can move generally parallel to and along a lateral (side-to-side) axis of the vehicle. This can facilitate adjustment of the wheel width. In some embodiments, the rear wheel16can slide relative to the deck12. Certain embodiments include a plurality of front wheels, one or more of which is configured to move (e.g., translate or be repositioned) relative to the deck12. Some embodiments have a plurality of rear wheels, one or more of which is configured to move (e.g., translate or be repositioned) relative to the deck12.

In some embodiments, one or more of the wheels14,16, can be removed from the deck. For example, in the example illustrated inFIGS.4and5, the front wheel14can be slid into an access region22. When in the access region22, the wheel can be removed from the deck. This can enable the user to replace a wheel that has become worn or to change the wheel type (e.g., material type, wheel width, motorized or non-motorized, etc.). The ability to replace a wheel can facilitate enhanced riding time and/or performance. For example, in certain embodiments, the wheel includes a power supply (e.g., a battery), so the ability to replace the wheel can enable the user to swap an expended powered wheel with a fresh powered wheel. This may include, for example, sliding a wheel in which the power supply has been expended to the access region and removing such a wheel, then installing a wheel for which the power supply is charged into the access region and moving such a wheel to a desired location on the vehicle (e.g., along the track20).

In various embodiments, the movable wheel (or wheels) can be secured in a desired position on the vehicle with a wheel lock. A variety of wheel locks are contemplated. For example, in the embodiment illustrated inFIGS.4and5, the front wheel can be slid to a desired location and locked in place. Such a slide and lock mechanism can include an opening24in downward-extending walls of a track20on the deck and a latch26(e.g., a protrusion, detent, etc.) on the wheel or a supporting structure for the wheel. Alternatively, a protrusion can extend from the track20into an opening in the wheel or a supporting structure thereof (e.g.,14a). The latch26can be engaged with (e.g., received in) the opening24to secure the wheel in position relative to the track20and the deck12. The latch26can be disengaged from (e.g., not in physical interference with) the opening24to enable to wheel to move relative to the deck12. This can be accomplished by a user pushing in on the latch26, for example, to proactively move the wheel14. The latch26can be biased, such as with a spring, toward engagement with the opening24such when the casterboard10is being ridden, the wheel14is safely fixed with respect to the deck12and the track20. The user can press the latch26(e.g., inwardly and/or toward the longitudinal centerline L) to release the latch26from the opening24. In some implementations, the wheel lock comprises a fastener (e.g., bolt, pin, etc.) that can be engaged in holes in the deck to secure the wheel in various positions. In certain variants, the wheel lock comprises a set screw, cotter pin, etc.

As shown inFIG.5, an underside of a casterboard10can include numerous ribs for providing structural rigidity and strength, while maintaining a light weight for such a board. The deck12can thus be advantageously formed from plastic in a molding process. The ribs can connect an edge lip of the deck12with a downwardly-extending wall of the track20, but the ribs can leave the track20open to permit sliding of a base14a(and any depressed securement structures such as a latch26) within the track20during a repositioning. This figure also shows how a rotating portion14bcan be joined to a base14ato form a wheel14. The wheel14can thus former a modular, removable and positionable unit. Here, at least a portion of the wheel14(e.g., a fork structure supporting an axle passing through a rotating portion14b) is formed from metal and at least a portion of the base14ais formed from plastic.

Additional Example Embodiments.FIGS.6A-7Cillustrate additional embodiments of a vehicle (e.g., a casterboard100) with one or more wheels that can be adjusted to various positions. The casterboard100can have any of the features of the casterboard10. The casterboard100can include a deck112that the user can stand on. The illustrated deck112has the appearance of a small surfboard, though other implementations have other shapes.

The casterboard100can have a track120on the bottom of the deck112. In some embodiments, the track120comprises an elongate channel, such as a slot, recess, or groove. The track120can be generally parallel to and/or on a longitudinal line (e.g., centerline) of the casterboard100. The track120can be integrated into the bottom of the deck112, such as being unitarily formed with the deck112. In some embodiments, the track120is a separate component that is connected to the deck. For example, the track120can comprise a strong and rigid (e.g., metal) channel secured or securable to the bottom of the deck. As shown inFIG.7A, the deck112can include a front portion and a rear portion and corresponding front and rear tracks120a,120b. The track120can have a plurality of openings124, such as recesses or through-holes. In some variants, the track120comprises a series of discrete mounting locations. The openings124can open laterally and/or toward the sides of the deck112and be configured to receive corresponding protrusions from a wheel base140a. Alternatively or additionally, a track can include protrusions corresponding to openings in a wheel base140a. Alternatively or additionally, as shown inFIG.6C, both the track120and the base140acan include openings and a bolt144, shaft, cotter pin146, etc. can extend through the openings to secure the base140ain place with respect to the deck112(e.g., within a track120).

The casterboard100can have a wheel cartridge140(and another wheel160, in some examples). As shown inFIG.6C, for example, the wheel cartridge140can include a base140aand a caster wheel140b, such as an inclined caster wheel. An inclined caster wheel is further described with respect toFIG.10. In some implementations, the caster angle is adjustable, for example, by positioning a wheel cartridge140at different angles or using differently-oriented openings to accept tabs126. As shown inFIG.7A, certain implementations have multiple wheel cartridges140. For example, in some embodiments with front and rear tracks120a,120b, the casterboard100can include corresponding front and rear wheel cartridges. Certain embodiments have a plurality of wheel cartridges140on the front end of the deck112and/or a plurality of wheel cartridges140on the rear end of the deck112.

The wheel cartridge140and the track120can matingly engage. In some embodiments, the wheel cartridge140is a male element and the track120is a female element. For example, in the embodiment illustrated, the wheel cartridge140comprises the base140aand the track120comprises a channel that at least partially receives the base140a. In some variants, the wheel cartridge140is a female element and the track120is a male element. For example, the track120can comprise a rail and the wheel cartridge140can comprise a channel that receives the rail. In some implementations, the wheel cartridge140can be installed in or on the track120in only a single orientation. In certain variants, the wheel cartridge140can be installed in the track120in multiple orientations, such as a forward cant and reverse cant orientation.

The wheel cartridge140can be repositionable relative to the track120. For example, the wheel cartridge140can be configured to slide and/or translate along the track120(preferably only when specifically translated by a user, when the casterboard is not being ridden). In some embodiments, the wheel cartridge140can be repositioned along the track120while remaining engaged with the track120and/or without needing to remove the wheel cartridge140from the track120. In some variants, the wheel cartridge140ratchets and/or is permitted to slide in only one direction relative to the track120. The casterboard100can include a variety of mechanisms that permit adjustment of the wheel cartridge140position and/or that secure the wheel cartridge140in place relative to the deck112, as discussed below.

In some embodiments, the wheel cartridge140can be moved relative to, installed onto, and/or removed from the deck without tools. For example, in some embodiments, the wheel cartridge140can be released (e.g., loosened), moved, and secured (e.g., tightened) without the need for tools. Some implementations use tools (such as a screwdriver, wrench, or otherwise) to adjust the position and/or securement of the wheel cartridge140.

The wheel cartridge140can include a lock mechanism. The lock mechanism can be configured to secure (e.g., connect, tighten and/or cinch) the wheel cartridge140to the track120. The lock mechanism comprises, for example, one or more flexible tabs, push-buttons, pins, bolts, screws, clips, detents, or otherwise. In some embodiments, the lock mechanism includes one or more clamps, such as quick-release clamps.

In certain implementations, the lock mechanism includes mating tabs and openings. As illustrated inFIGS.7C and7B, for example, the wheel cartridge140can include one or more flexible male tabs126and the track120can include a plurality of openings124. The openings124can receive the tabs126, thereby providing a physical interference that secures the wheel cartridge140in position and/or inhibits or prevents the wheel cartridge140from being moved relative to the track120.

In some variants, the lock mechanism comprises a ratcheting track system. For example, the track120can include teeth and the wheel cartridge140can include a pawl. The pawl can engage the teeth such that movement of the wheel cartridge140along the track120is permitted in one direction but substantially not the opposite direction. Movement of the wheel cartridge140along the track120can produce an audible sound, which can provide notice to the user that the wheel cartridge140is being repositioned or moved through a series of potential secure positions.

In some embodiments, the lock mechanism comprises a deck bolt interface or deck style bolt pattern (e.g., as on snowboards or skateboards). One or more bolts that extend through a portion of the wheel cartridge140can engage and pass through corresponding holes128in the deck112. In some implementations, the holes128are visible from the top or bottom side of the deck112. As shown inFIG.8, in certain implementations, the bolts are installed from the top of the deck112. In some variants, the bolts are installed from the bottom or side of the deck112, as also shown inFIG.8.

The lock mechanism can be configured to fail to safe (e.g., to a state that locks the wheel cartridge in position). The lock mechanism can be biased (e.g., by a spring) to engage into one of the openings124. The lock mechanism can be configured such that a user must apply a force to disengage the lock mechanism to reposition the wheel cartridge140.

The wheel cartridge140can be removable from the track120. This can enable the casterboard100to be customized and/or adjusted, such as to accommodate the user's environment, a user's preferences, and/or a rider's skill level. For example, when the user desires more speed, one or more wheel cartridges140with harder wheels can be installed, and/or when the user desires more comfort, one or more wheel cartridges140with softer wheels can be installed. As another example, the user can change between larger wheels or forks (e.g., when greater ground clearance is desired) and smaller wheels or forks (e.g., when a lower to the ground ride experience is desired). Further, the user can mix and match wheel cartridges140to their preferences, such as a wheel cartridge140with a first larger diameter rear wheel and a wheel cartridge140with a smaller diameter front wheel.

Removable wheel cartridges140can reduce the packaged size of the casterboard100(e.g., can decrease box size, can reduce the spacial volume, etc.). In certain embodiments, with the wheel cartridges140removed, the casterboard100can be flat packed.

In some embodiments, the wheel cartridge140has a plurality of wheels, such as a pair of wheels next to each other. This can enable the user to make the casterboard100more stable and/or easier to ride (such as to aid a new user in learning to ride the casterboard). When the user's skill has advanced, the user can swap the wheel cartridge having a plurality of wheels with a wheel cartridge that has a single wheel. In some embodiments, the wheel cartridge140includes two caster wheels on one cartridge. Certain wheel cartridge140can have one, two, three, or more movable caster wheels. To enable such configurations, multiple tracks120can be used. Side tracks120can be used to position two wheels symmetrically (e.g., not on the center line of a deck112). A third track120can be positioned centrally for when a user graduates from a tri-wheel configuration to a bi-wheel configuration, for example, using the same deck112.

As shown inFIG.9, in certain implementations, the casterboard100can include an indication system configured to enable a rider to see the position of one or more of the wheel cartridges140. This can be beneficial in operating the casterboard100, as the casterboard100may become less stable when a user places his or her feet beyond the position of the wheels. By having a visual indication of the location of the wheel cartridge140, the user can position his or her feet accordingly. The indication system can be configured to indicate the position of the wheel cartridge140to a user, even when the user is looking down from above or standing on the deck112.

In some embodiments, the indication system includes an indicator strip, such as a transparent or translucent portion, in the deck112. The indicator strip can correspond to the location of and/or extend generally parallel to the track120. The indication system can include an indicator unit, such as a dark or colored mark, on the wheel cartridge140. When the wheel cartridge140is mounted to the deck, the indicator unit can be visible through the indicator strip.

In some embodiments, the indication system shows the location of fasteners (e.g., bolts) in corresponding holes in the deck112. For example, the holes can comprise through-holes in the deck112, which enable the user to see which holes have bolts installed, and thus the location of the wheel cartridge140. In some implementations, the holes are covered with a protective layer, such as a layer of transparent or translucent plastic, on the top of the deck112. In some variants, an upper end of the holes is closed, such as with a clear epoxy.

Overview of Skating Board with Direction-Casters

As noted above, U.S. Pat. No. 7,195,259 is incorporated herein. That patent explains that skateboards can have front and rear boards with a connecting element which interconnects the two plates in a spaced relationship. Each board can have one or more than one direction-caster(s) which is mounted on the underside of the plate of at least one of the front board and the rear board using connecting elements that may include an elastic member so that the connecting element can be elastically twisted or bent when it receives twisting force or bending force and it can be restored to its original shape when the force is removed. The front board may have one or more than one direction-caster and the rear board may have one or more than one fixed roller set. The connecting element may be a twist-pipe which has elastic material in it, or it may comprise a narrowed portion of a board that resiliently connects to wider portions of a board as shown inFIGS.2A,2B,4, and7A, for example. The connecting element may comprise the twist-pipe and two elastic members which are provided parallel to the twist-pipe at both sides of the twist-pipe and are connected to the front board and the rear board at each of their both ends.

With further reference to U.S. Pat. No. 7,195,259, a skating board can have a front board, a rear board and a connecting element which interconnects the two boards in a spaced relationship, wherein at least one of the front board and the rear board has one or more than one direction-caster skate blade which is mounted on the underside of the plate of the front board and the rear board, the connecting element includes an elastic member so that it can be elastically twisted or bent when it receives twisting force or bending force and it can be restored to its original shape when the force is removed.

FIG.10shows a close-up view of an example direction-caster comprising a wheel support1034attached to a plate1011(which can comprise or be attached to a platform12,112, etc. such as that illustrated in the other figures), a roller arm1035which is pivotably connected to the wheel support1034, and a roller1036which is rotatably connected to the free-end parts of the roller arm1035to form a fork for an axle. The wheel support1034has the shape of a wedge, so that an acute angle θ is formed between the contact surface of the wheel support1034and the plate1011and the facing surface of the wheel support1034and the extension direction of the roller arm1035.

This angle can be used by a rider who tips or sways laterally on a skating board to generate forward motion, for example. With a skateboard having direction-casters (and as illustrated in FIG. 3a of U.S. Pat. No. 7,195,259, for example), if the rider leans the front board to its right side with respect to the advancing direction of the skateboard, the roller arm1035of the front direction-caster turns to the left side and the roller1036rolls to the right direction with respect to the advancing direction, so that the rider can turn to the right direction. Alternatively (as illustrated in FIG. 3b of U.S. Pat. No. 7,195,259, for example), if the rider leans the rear board on its right side with respect to the advancing direction, the roller arm of the rear direction-caster turns to the left side and the roller rolls to the right with respect to the advancing direction, so that the rear board turns to the right, with the result that the rider can turn to the left direction.

Combining these two effects (and as illustrated in FIGS. 3c of U.S. Pat. No. 7,195,259, for example), when the rider leans the front board to its right side and the rear board to its left side with respect to the advancing direction, the rider can turn to the right direction within a small turning radius. In addition, if the rider leans both boards to the same lateral side with respect to the advancing direction, he/she can advance in that direction with both boards advancing in parallel.

As illustrated in FIG. 3d of U.S. Pat. No. 7,195,259, for example, the mechanics for generating the driving force is shown, where the rider makes twisting motion to the left direction with respect to the advancing direction. As the rider twists to the left direction, the front board is biased to +y direction and the rear board is biased to −y direction, so that the direction-casters make rolling angles with respect to the advancing direction proportional to the magnitude of the biasing forces received by the boards. Because of the characteristics of the wedge shape of the wheel supports (e.g.,1034) for the direction-casters, forces are generated in the rolling direction of the direction-casters. So the horizontal component forces of the forces generate the driving forces which accelerate the skateboard. As a result, with the skateboard having direction-casters, there is no need for the rider to stamp on the ground for generating the driving force, instead, he/she needs only to twist his/her body right and left without moving his/her feet. The vertical force components make a moment to make the skateboard rotate around its center of gravity.

As further explained in U.S. Pat. No. 7,195,259, a spring can be used to provide a restoring force that counteracts a rider's twisting force described above. This can help a rider safely maintain his/her balance by its restoring force when the rider twists the front and rear boards right and left to make a turn or to generate driving force while riding the skateboard. Two or more direction-casters, which are mounted on the underside of the plates, can be installed so as to be aligned along a longitudinal axis of the plates, or so as to be parallel in a side-by-side arrangement. With the longitudinal or the parallel configuration, the skateboard has a relatively larger turning radius, but this configuration can improve safety and stability (e.g., similar to how a tricycle is configured).

As seen inFIG.11A, a direction-caster can be installed in the front board, but one or more fixed roller sets1161, in which the roller cannot be rotated on the axis of the roller arm, can be adopted in the rear board. With this configuration, turning of the skateboard can be effected best by the front board. So, in consideration of safety, this skateboard can be more suitable for younger children.

InFIG.11B, a twist-pipe1140may be equipped with a spring, and/or two flexible rubber members1165can be positioned parallel to the twist-pipe1140. The two flexible rubber members1165can be connected at each of their one ends to the front board and at their other ends to the rear board. A spring-like restoring force can be obtained by these flexible rubber members1165when the twist-pipe1140is twisted.

The direction-casters described above, and the related propulsion that can be generated from a sequence of lateral tipping to alternate sides, can generate significant stress on materials that connect a board or plate and the connected wheels or direction-casters. Accordingly, it can be important to establish a strong and secure connection between wheels or direction-casters and a related skating board or similar apparatus. The figures above illustrate robust connecting structures to address this need. For example, the wheel cartridge140ofFIG.7Ccan have a square or rectangular base140athat fits into a track120such that the wheel cartridge140maintains a secure connection and does not itself twist or work loose from the track120(even while the connected caster wheel140bcan both twist side to side and rotate freely as designed). Similarly with respect toFIGS.4and5, a wheel lock (e.g., the latch126) and the snug or close fit between the base14aand the track20can help secure the base140asuch that the caster wheel140bcan swivel freely from a secure and non-rotating base140a. This secure connection can allow the propulsion methods described above, while retaining the integrity of a skating device such as a caster board, for example.

Propulsion, Direction Vectors and Torsion in Caster Boards

As explained in U.S. Pat. Nos. 7,195,259 and 7,388,056, skateboards can have a front platform and a rear platform spaced apart and interconnected (e.g., with a narrow neck or a torsion bar or other element which permits the front or rear platform to be twisted or rotated with respect to the other platform). However, as further explained in U.S. Pat. No. 7,388,056, a one-piece platform can be propelled using similar principles and motions. That patent discloses a flexible skateboard having a one piece platform formed of a material twistable along a twist axis, the material formed to include a pair of foot support areas along the twist axis, generally at each end of the platform, to support a user's feet. A central section is provided between the foot support areas. Such a skateboard can have a pair of caster assemblies, each having a single caster wheel mounted for rolling rotation, each caster assembly mounted at a user foot support area for steering rotation about one of a pair of generally parallel pivot axes each forming a first acute angle with the twist axis. The central section of the platform material may be configured to be sufficiently narrower than the foot support areas to permit the user to add energy to the rolling rotation of the caster wheels by twisting the platform alternately in a first direction and then in a second direction with the foot support areas.

With further reference to U.S. Pat. No. 7,388,056, the central section in the material may be sufficiently resistant to twisting about the twist axis in response to forces applied by the user to provide feedback to the user before steering the caster assemblies in opposite directions about their related pivot axes. The central section may include vertical support providing sufficient resistance to bending along the twist axis to support a user on the foot support areas for comfortably riding the platform without substantial bending along the twist axis, such as a sidewall running along each edge of the central section running along the twist axis which may have a height decreasing towards the ends of the central section. An insert may be mountable between the sidewalls to increase the resistance to twisting of the central section.

With further reference to U.S. Pat. No. 7,388,056, the foot support areas are sufficiently more resistant to twisting about the twist axis than the central section to reduce stress caused by twisting of the user's feet. A wedge mounted between each of the pair of caster assemblies and the platform to support the related caster assembly for steering rotation about the related pivot axis and/or a hollow wedge may be formed in the platform for mounting each related caster assembly for steering rotation about the related pivot axis. A threaded rod may be used to secure the caster assembly to the platform with a nut mounted within the related hollow wedge.

With further reference to U.S. Pat. No. 7,388,056, tension, compression or torsion springs may be mounted to each caster assembly for centering the wheel therein along the twist axis. The torsion springs may be mounted around the pivot axis and/or within the related wheel assembly. The platform may be configured to operate as a non-flexible skateboard within a first range of forces applied by the user to twist the board and/or configured to operate as a flexible skateboard for forces greater than the first range.

With further reference to U.S. Pat. No. 7,388,056, a one-piece flexible skateboard body can have a one-piece flexible platform having a narrow section twistable about a long axis, and mountings for each of a pair of steerable casters. The narrow section may be sufficiently twistable about the long axis by a rider to cause the board to move forward from a standing start on the steerable casters when mounted and/or sufficiently rigid to prevent bowing when supporting a rider on the steerable casters. The narrow section may be sufficiently rigid so that the platform may be operated as either a non-flexible or flexible skateboard when the steerable casters are mounted. The remainder of the platform may be more resistant to flexing than the narrow section and hollow wedges may be molded into the flexible platform. A mounting point may be provided for a spring configured to center the steerable casters along the long axis.

FIGS.12A and12Billustrate an embodiment of a one-piece flexible skateboard, consistent with the description of U.S. Pat. No. 7,388,056. Flexible skateboard1210is preferably fabricated from a one-piece, molded plastic platform1212which includes foot support areas1214and1216for supporting the user's feet about a pair of directional caster assemblies mounted for pivoting or steering rotation about generally parallel, trailing axes. Each caster assembly (e.g.,1224,1226) includes a single caster wheel mounted for rolling rotation about an axles positioned generally below the foot support areas1214and1216f. Skateboard1210generally includes relatively wider front and rear areas1218and1220, each including one of the foot support areas1214and1216, and a relatively narrower central area1222. The ratio of the widths of wider areas1218and1220to narrow central area1222may preferably be on the order of about 6 to 1. Wheel assemblies1224and1226are mounted below one-piece platform1212generally below foot support areas1214and1216. Their mounting positions can be adjusted or they can be replaced in accordance with the principles and structural teachings of this disclosure.

In operation, the skateboard rider or user places his feet generally on foot support areas1214and1216of one-piece platform1212and can ride or operate skateboard1210in a conventional manner, that is as a conventional non-flexible skateboard, by lifting one foot from board10and pushing off against the ground. The user may rotate his body, shift his weight and/or foot positions to control the motion of the skateboard. For example, board1210may be operated as a conventional, non-flexible skateboard and cause steering by tilting one side of the board toward the ground. In addition, in a preferred embodiment, board1210may also be operated as a flexible skateboard in that the user may cause, maintain or increase locomotion of skateboard1210by causing front and rear areas1218and1220to be twisted or rotated relative to each other generally about upper platform long or twist axis1228.

The relative rotation of different portions of platform1212about axis1228can change the angle at which the weight of the rider is applied to each of the wheel assemblies1224and1226, which can cause these wheel assemblies to tend to swivel or steer about their pivot axes. This tendency to swivel or steer may be used by the rider to add energy to the rolling motion of each caster wheel about its rolling axle and/or to steer.

As a simple example, if the user or rider maintained the position of his rearward foot (relative to the intended direction of motion of board1210) on foot support area1216, generally along axis1215and parallel to the ground, while maintaining his front foot in contact with support area1214, generally along axis1213while lowering, for example, the ball of his front foot and/or lifting the heal of that foot, front section1218of board1210would tend to twist clockwise relative to rear section1220when viewed from the rear of board1210. This twist would result in the tilting right front side1230of board1210in one direction, causing the weight of the rider to be applied to wheel assembly1224at an acute angle relative to the ground rather than to be applied orthogonal to the ground, and would therefore cause wheel assemblies1224and1226to begin to roll, maintain a previous rolling motion and/or increase the speed of motion of the board1210e.g. by adding energy to the rolling motion of the wheels.

In practice, the rider can cause the desired twist of platform1212of board1210in several ways which may be used in combination, for example, by twisting or rotating his body, applying pressure with the toe of one foot while applying pressure with the heel of the other foot, by changing foot positions and/or by otherwise shifting his weight. To provide substantial locomotion, the rider can first cause a twist along axis1228in a first direction and then reverse his operation and cause the platform to rotate back through a neutral position and then into a twist position in the opposite direction. Further, while moving forward, the rider can use the same types to motion, but at differing degrees, to control the twisting to steer the motion of board1210. The rider can, of course, apply forces equally with both feet to operate board1210without substantial flexure.

Wider sections1218and1220have an inherently greater resistance to twisting about axis1228than narrower section1222because of the increased stiffness due to the greater surface area of the portions to be twisted. That is, narrower section1222is narrower than wider sections1218and1220. The resistance of the various sections of platform1212to twisting can also be controlled in part by the choice of the materials, such as plastic, used to form platform1212, the widths and thicknesses of the various sections, the curvature if any of platform1212along axis1228or along any other axes and/or the structure and/or cross section shape of the various sections.

Referring now toFIG.12B, skateboard1210may include sidewalls1262and/or other structures. Sidewalls1262may be increased in height, e.g. orthogonal to the top surface1258of platform1212, in the central portion of central area1222to provide better vertical support if required. In a preferred embodiment, the height of sidewall1262in central area1222varies from relatively tall in the center of board10to relatively shorter beginning where areas1218and1220meet central area1222. The ratio of the sidewall height “H” in central section1222, to the side wall heights in wider areas1218and1220may preferably be on the order of about 2 to 1.

As shown inFIG.12B, wheel assemblies1224and1226may be substantially similar. (However, as taught elsewhere herein, the assemblies may differ and one or both may be independently connectable and/or translatable laterally and/or longitudinally). Wheel assembly1224may be mounted to an inclined or wedge shape wheel assembly section1232by the insertion of pivot axle1241(visible inFIG.13) into a suitable opening in wedge1232for rotation about axis1234. The rotation of wheel assembly1224about axis1234may preferably be limited, for example, within a range of about ±180°, and more preferably within a range of about ±160°, of tilt with respect to an upright position orthogonal to the plane of platform1212to improve the handling and control of board1210. Each direction caster may include a tension, compression or torsional spring to provide self-centering, that is, to maintain the alignment of wheels1236along axis1228(visible inFIG.12A) as shown and described for example with reference toFIG.15.

With further reference toFIG.12B, a pair of wedges1232and1248may each include a hole for wheel assembly axle mounted along a swivel axis1234or1250. Wedges1232and1248may be formed as separate pieces from platform1212and be connected thereto by a user as described above for example by clips or a snap-in arrangement in which the upper surfaces of wedges1232and1248are captured by an appropriate receiving section molded into the lower face of platform1212. Wedge1232may be used to incline the axes1234and1250. The caster may swivel, pivot or turn about these axes. The axes1234and1250can form an angle T1or T2with respect to the upper surface1258of platform1212. One useful angle for T1and/or T2can be about 24°.

With further reference toFIG.12B, wheel assembly1224may include wheel1236mounted on hub1238which is mounted to axle1240for rotation, preferably with bearings. Axle1240is mounted in fork1296of caster frame1242. A bearing or bearing surface may preferably be inserted between caster frame1242and wedge1232, or formed on caster frame1242and/or wedge1232and is shown as bearing1246in wheel assembly1226mounted transverse to axis1250in wedge1248in rearmost wider section1220. Wheel assemblies1224and1226are mounted along axes1234and1250, each of which form an acute angle, T1and T2respectively, with the upper surface of platform1212. In a preferred embodiment, T1and T2may be substantially equal. The center of foot support1214may conveniently be positioned directly above axis1240in wheel assembly1224and center of foot support1216may be positioned similarly above the axis of rotation of the wheel in wheel assembly1226. In some embodiments, a user can reposition a wheel assembly (e.g., using a track and snap-in structure such as described herein) to facilitate a wider or different stance, while maintaining alignment between the user's feet and the wheel assembly.

Platform1212of board1210is in a generally horizontal rest or neutral position, e.g. in neutral plane1217, when no twisting force is applied to platform1212of board1210. This occurs, for example, when the rider is not standing on board1210or is standing in a neutral position. When board1210is in the neutral position, axes1234and1250, angles T1and T2and board axis1228(shown inFIG.12A) are all generally in the same plane orthogonal to neutral plane1217of the top of platform1212, while axes1213and1215are in neutral plane1217. Upper surface1258may not be flat and in a preferred embodiment, toe or leading end1260and heel or trailing end1262of surface1258may have a slight upward bend or kick as shown. When a twisting force is applied to board1210, one or more of axes1234and1250move out of the vertical plane as described below in greater detail with respect toFIGS.14A-14E.

Referring now toFIG.13, an exploded isometric view of a section1220of an embodiment of board1210is shown in which an inclined wedge1232is formed as a separate piece from platform1212and mounted thereto. Although illustrated here as a direct mount using four screws1264(inserted through holes1266in appropriate locations in platform1212to mate with holes1268in inclined wedge1232), a similar wedge structure can be incorporated into the track attachment features described elsewhere in this disclosure. For example, the wedge1232can for part of a modular wheel unit and be removably and securely connectable to a platform1212in more than one position (e.g., along a longitudinal and/or lateral track such as the tracks20and120illustrated above). Alternatively, mounting screws such as the screws1264can be provided that can position a wedge1232and/or associated wheel assembly1226in multiple positions (for example, combining the teachings ofFIGS.8and13).

Frame1242of wheel assembly1226can include caster top1270, a bearing cap and pivot axle1241, a top portion of which is received by and mounted in a suitable opening in wedge1232. Axle1240is mounted in fork1296of frame1242. Wheel1236is mounted on hub1238which is mounted for rotation about axle1240within the fork-structure of the frame1242that spans to both sides of the wheel1236.

Wedge1232may be further secured to platform1212by the action of slot1272which can capture a feature of the bottom surface of platform1212such as transverse rib1274. As shown, wedge1232may be conveniently mounted to and dismounted from platform1212permitting replacement of wedge1232by other wedges with potentially different configurations including different angles of alignment for axis1234and/or other characteristics. In some embodiments, a track or other multi-position feature such as the track120ofFIG.7Bor the track20ofFIG.6Ccan incorporate similar transverse ribs at periodic intervals to help secure a wheel base14aand/or wedge1232. Such a slot and rib conjunction can help prevent undesired twisting by a wheel base, which can lead to wobble, structural failure, interfere with smooth swivel steering motions by a user, etc. Thus, some embodiments include transverse ribs and a wheel lock (e.g., the latch26ofFIGS.4and5). This can improve structural rigidity and a snug or close fit between the base14aand surrounding structures such as a track20. This can in turn help secure the base14asuch that the rotating portion14bcan swivel freely from a secure and non-rotating base14a(seeFIGS.4and5).

Referring now toFIGS.14A-14E, a graphical depiction of the motions of portions of platform1212are shown. Neutral plane1217is shown in the horizontal position indicating top surface1258of platform1212when no twisting forces are applied to skate board1210. Axis1228, along the centerline of top surface1258of platform1212, is shown orthogonal to the drawing, coplanar with and centered in neutral plane1217. Axis1213is shown as a solid line and represents the location of a cross section of the top surface of platform1212at front foot position1214in wide forward section1218when the port side of wide section1218is depressed below the horizontal or neutral plane1217for example by the user pressing down on the port side and/or lifting up of the starboard side of foot position1214. Axis1215is shown as a dotted line, to distinguish it from axis1213for convenience, and represents the location of a cross section of the top surface of platform1212at rear foot position1216in wide aft section1220of platform1212when the starboard side of wide section1220is depressed below the horizontal or neutral plane1217for example by the user pressing down on the starboard side and/or lifting up of the port side of rear foot position1216. ThusFIG.14Arepresents the relative angles of wider front and rear sections1218and1220of platform1212when the user has completed a maneuver in which he has twisted wider front and rear sections1218and1220in opposite directions to a maximum rotation.

Wheel assembly1224is shown mounted for rotation about axis1234. Axis1234of front wheel assembly1224remains orthogonal to axis1213of foot position1214. Similarly, wheel assembly1226is shown mounted along axis1250. Axis1250of rear wheel assembly1226remains orthogonal to axis1215of foot position1216. For ease of illustration, wheel assemblies1224and1226are depicted in cross section without rotation of the wheel assemblies about axes1234and1250.

In the position shown inFIG.14A, wheel assemblies1224and1226have presumably been rotated from vertical positions to the opposite outward positions by action of the user in twisting board1210. Front and rear wheel assemblies1224and1226are able to rotate or pivot about their respective axes1234and1250. During the twisting of board1210, wheel assemblies1224and1226rotate about the central axes of the wheels as long as such rotation takes less force than would be required to skid the wheel assemblies into the positions as shown. The direction of this rotation is not random, but rather controlled by the structure (e.g., a combination of the wedge1232ofFIG.12and the wheelbase14aofFIGS.4and5) establishing angles T1and T2between axes1234and1250and platform1212.

The view shown inFIG.14Ais looking at the front of board1210so that axes1234and1250are at right angles to one of the portions of platform1212. A side view of the board1210, as shown for example inFIG.12B, illustrates that each wheel assembly is mounted for pivotal rotation about an axis at an acute trailing angle to platform1212. The rotation of the wheels about each wheel axis of the wheel assemblies, combined with a slight rotation of each wheel assembly about its axis1234or1250when the ends of board1210are twisted in opposite directions, causes, maintains or increases forward motion or locomotion of board1210because axes1234and1250are inclined so that each wheel assembly is in a trailing configuration, aft of the point at which each axis penetrates board1212from below. That is, axes1234and1250about which each wheel assembly turns are both inclined in the same direction, preferably at a trailing angle (e.g., the same trailing angle) with respect to the direction of travel and are preferably parallel or nearly so.

Referring now toFIG.14B, axes1213and1215are shown in the opposite positions than shown inFIG.14A, which would result from the user reversing his or her foot rotation, i.e., by twisting the front and rear sections of board1210by pushing down and/or lifting up opposite of the way done to cause the twisting shown inFIG.14A. However, the combination of the rotation of the wheels and the rotation of the wheel assemblies adds to the forward locomotion because axes1234and1250are in a trailing position relative to the forward motion of board1210.

Referring now toFIG.14C, the solid line is a graphical representation of the twisting rotation as a function of time of point1274(shown inFIGS.12A,13, and14A) at a forward port side edge of wide section1218during the twisting motions occurring to board1210as depicted inFIGS.14A and14B. Point1274may be considered to be the point at which axis1213intersects the port side edge of platform1212. At some instant of time, such as to, point1274is at zero rotation. As the port side of forward wide section1218is rotated downward by force applied by the user, point1274rotates downward until the maximum force is applied by the user and point1274reaches a maximum downward rotation at some particular time such as time t1. Thereafter, as the downward force applied by the user to the portside of forward section1218decreases, the downward angle of rotation of point1274decreases until at some time t2, point1274returns to a neutral rotational position at a rotational angle of zero.

Thereafter, downward pressure can be applied by the user to the starboard edge of section1218, e.g. in foot position1214, to cause point1274on the port side to twist or rotate upwards, reaching a maximum force and therefore maximum rotation at time t3after which the force may be continuously reduced until neutral or zero rotation is reached at time t4. Similarly, as shown by the solid line inFIG.14C, the user can apply forces in the opposite direction to rearward wide section1220so that point1276, at the rearward port side of foot position1216, rotates from the neutral position at time to, to a maximum upward rotation at time t1, through neutral at time t2, to a maximum downward rotation at time t3and back to neutral at time t4.

Referring now toFIG.14D, the amount of force that must be applied by the user to cause a particular degree of twist may correlate to the amount of control the user has with board1210. It may be desirable for the relationship between force and rotation to be varied as a function of rotation or force. For example, in order to achieve a “stiff” board while permitting a large range of total twist without requiring undo force, the shape of platform1212may be configured so that the amount of force required to twist the board from the neutral plane seems relatively high to the user (at least high enough to be felt as feedback) even if the additional force required to continue rotating each section of the board past a certain degree of rotation seems relatively easier to the user. Further, as an added safety and control measure, the additional force required to achieve maximum rotation may then appear to the user to increase greatly. As shown inFIG.14D, the shape of the graphs of the rotation of points1274and1276, for the same forces applied as a function of time used to create the graph inFIG.14C, may be different, providing a different feel to the user.

Referring now toFIG.14E, the concept just discussed above may be viewed in terms of a graph of force applied by the user as a function of desired rotation. The control feel desired for a skate board is not necessarily an easily described mathematical function of force to rotation. For some configurations of platform1212, with specific shapes and relationships between the front and rear wide areas and the central narrow area, and specific shapes and sizes of sidewalls, ribs, surface curves and other factors, there will be a particular way in which the board feels to the user to behave. That is, the feel of the board and especially the user's apparent control of the board, in preferred embodiments, is dependent on the shape and other board configuration parameters. For simplicity of this description, one particular board configuration may be said to have a “linear” feel, that is, the user's interaction with the board may seem to the user to result in a linear relationship between force applied and rotation or twist achieved. In practice, this feel is very subjective but none the less real although the actual mathematical relationship may not be linear. As a relative example, line1278may represent a linear or other type of board having a first configuration of platform1212.

The response, performance, and configuration of platform1212may be adjusted, for example, by increasing or reducing a distance between wheels along axis28(seeFIG.12A). For a particular configuration of platform1212, shortening this distance may result in a perceived sloppiness of control by the user while lengthening may result in a greater control but larger and more unwieldy turning radius.

Tightness of control can also be enhanced or maintained by securing a modular, re-positionable wheel assembly such as those disclosed above in a tight and non-twistable manner on or against the bottom of a platform1212. Providing sidewalls of a track20or120, and snugly or tightly positioning an angular wedge or block-shaped wheel base (see, e.g.,14aofFIG.5or140ofFIG.6C or1034ofFIG.10) within those sidewalls can help suppress or avoid undesirable sloppiness of control. If some resiliency is desired, it can be provided by resiliency of the wheel and/or a resilient bearing related to the joint between a wheel and wheel base.

One advantage of the use of one-piece platform1212made of a plastic, twistable material formed in a molding process, is that the desired feel or control of the board can be achieved by reconfiguration of the mold for the one-piece platform. Similarly, an advantage of using an adjustable wheel assembly is that it allows a user to quickly and conveniently adjust the desired feel or control of the board. Although it may be difficult to predict (e.g., with mathematical precision), the wheel separation or other position needed to achieve a desired feel, it is possible to iteratively change that separation or position by moving one or more of the wheel assemblies to achieve a desirable configuration with an appropriate feel. In particular, the relationship between force applied and twist or rotation achieved by flexible skateboard1210is a function not only of the relative widths, shapes and other configuration details of platform1212, but also of the relative positions of the wheels. Platform1212(and other components described herein) may be molded or otherwise fabricated from flexible PU-type elastomer materials, nylon or other rigid plastics and can be reinforced with fiber to further control flexibility and feel and provide strength and appropriate rigidity for mounting and securing caster wheel assemblies, for example.

Referring now toFIG.15, a partial view is shown of a self-centering section (e.g., front section) of a one-piece flexible board1210(seeFIGS.12A-13) or platform1212. A caster wheel assembly1586is mounted to hollow wedge1588formed underneath front foot support of board1210. Through bolt1592, only the head of which is visible in this figure, may be positioned through the inner race of wheel assembly steering bearing1594, bearing cap1595and the lower surface of wedge1588and captured with a nut, not visible here, accessible from the top of platform1212of board1210in the hollow volume of wedge1588. The outer race of bearing1594is affixed to fork1596of caster wheel assembly1586, which is mounted by bearing1594for rotation with respect to bearing cap1595, so that wheel assembly1586can swivel or turn about the central axis (shown as turning axis1234or1250inFIG.12B) of through-bolt1592which serves as a pivot axis with respect to the fixed portions of board1210. Axle bolt1598is mounted through trailing end15100of fork1596to support bearing and wheel assembly15102for rotation of wheel15104.

In a preferred embodiment, a spring action device may be mounted between caster wheel assembly and some fixed portion1512of a platform (or of a portion of a caster assembly fixed thereto) to control the turning of fork1596and therefore caster wheel assembly1586about turning axis1234or1250to add resistance to pivoting or turning as a function of the angle of turn. In some embodiments, for example a caster wheel assembly can be self-centering. The self-centering aspects of caster wheel assembly1586tends to align wheel15104with long axis1228(visible inFIG.12A) when the weight is removed from board1210, for example, during a stunt such as a wheelie. Without the self-centering function of the spring action device, caster wheel assembly1586may tend to spin about axis1234through bolt1592during a wheelie so that caster wheel assembly may not be aligned with the direction of travel of board1210at the end of the wheelie when wheel15104makes contact with the ground. The self-centering function of caster wheel assembly1586improves the feel and handling of board1210, especially during maneuvers and stunts, by tending to align wheel15104with the direction of travel when wheel15104is not in contact with the ground. The spring action device may be configured to add or not add appreciable resistance to maneuvers such as locomotion or turning when wheel15104is in contact with the ground, depending on the desired relationship between forces applied and the resultant twist of platform1212.

As shown inFIG.15, caster wheel assembly1586may be made self-centering by adding coil spring15106between fork1596(or any other portion of caster wheel assembly1586which rotates about the axis of bolt1592) and front section1584of platform1122(or any other fixed portion of platform1212). Alternatively, a torsion spring can be incorporated into the bearing or elsewhere in the bearing and wheel assembly15102to cause a self-centering effect, thereby helping reduce foot fatigue in a user, for example. The internal torsion spring can be useful to avoid a need for connecting a coil spring such as the spring15106when repositioning a wheel assembly as described herein.

As shown inFIG.16, a compact kit for assembling a skateboard can comprise a skateboard deck1612, a securement module1620having multiple wheel bays, and at least one wheel assembly1614having a base configured for insertion into the multiple wheel bays. The kit can comprise a package1662that efficiently positions the skateboard deck1612, the securement module1620, and the at least one wheel assembly1614generally within the same plane to form a flat pack, which can have a shorter height1666than a height1632of an assembled skateboard1610. AAs schematically illustrated, a kit or system can further comprise a second wheel assembly, which can also attach to the deck1612(e.g, using a second securement module or other means). The package1662can be configured to position the second wheel assembly (and/or a second securement module) generally within the same plane to form the flat pack as part of the package1662, for example. A modular, assemblable skateboard can thus provide efficiencies for packing into containers having size and shape constraints.

There are several alternatives to the configuration and approach shown inFIG.16. For example, a fixed wheel can be secured to the deck1612prior to shipping. A securement module1620can be secured to the deck prior to shipping, or formed integrally therewith (as shown for example inFIGS.4and5). Various different packing arrangements are possible to efficiently position modules or other parts into a tight “flat pack” packaging.

Conclusion

Illustrative embodiments of various conveyances and vehicles (e.g., casterboards, skateboards, etc.) with repositionable wheels have been disclosed. Although this disclosure has been described in terms of certain illustrative embodiments and uses, other embodiments and other uses, including embodiments and uses which do not provide all the features and advantages set forth herein, are also within the scope of this disclosure. Components, elements, features, acts, or steps can be arranged or performed differently than described and components, elements, features, acts, or steps can be combined, merged, added, or left out in various embodiments. All possible combinations and subcombinations of elements and components described herein are intended to be included in this disclosure. No single feature or group of features is necessary or indispensable.

In summary, various embodiments and examples of embodiments of casterboards with adjustable wheel positions have been disclosed. For purposes of summarizing the disclosure, certain aspects, advantages and features of the inventions have been described herein. It is to be understood that not necessarily any or all such advantages are achieved in accordance with any particular embodiment of the inventions disclosed herein. This disclosure extends beyond the specifically disclosed embodiments and examples to other alternative embodiments and/or other uses of the embodiments, as well as to certain modifications and equivalents thereof.

The above detailed description is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the precise form disclosed above. While specific embodiments of, and examples are described above for illustrative purposes, various equivalent modifications are possible within the scope of the disclosed invention(s), as those skilled in the relevant art will recognize.

The teachings provided herein can be applied to other apparatuses, embodiments, and systems, not necessarily those described above. The elements and acts of the various embodiments described above can be extracted, subdivided, and/or combined to provide further embodiments.

Reference throughout this specification to “some embodiments” or “an embodiment” means that a particular feature, structure or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment is included in at least some embodiments. Thus, appearances of the phrases “in some embodiments” or “in an embodiment” in various places throughout this specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment and may refer to one or more of the same or different embodiments. Furthermore, the particular features, structures or characteristics can be combined in any suitable manner, as would be apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art from this disclosure, in one or more embodiments.

As used in this application, the terms “comprising,” “including,” “having,” and the like are synonymous and are used inclusively, in an open-ended fashion, and do not exclude additional elements, features, acts, operations, and so forth. Also, the term “or” is used in its inclusive sense (and not in its exclusive sense) so that when used, for example, to connect a list of elements, the term “or” means one, some, or all of the elements in the list.

In the above description of embodiments, various features are sometimes grouped together in a single embodiment, figure, or description thereof for the purpose of streamlining the disclosure and aiding in the understanding of one or more of the various inventive aspects. This method of disclosure, however, is not to be interpreted as reflecting an intention that any claim require more features than are expressly recited in that claim. Rather, inventive aspects lie in a combination of fewer than all features of any single foregoing disclosed embodiment.

A number of applications, publications, and external documents may be incorporated by reference herein. Any conflict or contradiction between a statement in the body text of this specification and a statement in any of the incorporated documents is to be resolved in favor of the statement in the body text.

Although described in the illustrative context of certain preferred embodiments and examples, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the disclosure extends beyond the specifically described embodiments to other alternative embodiments and/or uses and obvious modifications and equivalents. Thus, it is intended that the scope of the claims which follow should not be limited by the particular embodiments described above.