System and Method for Providing Additional Information to a User of an Injection Device

A system is provided for providing additional information to a user of an injection device, the system comprising an injection device, a user device and instructions for use of the injection device, the instructions for use comprising at least one tag, wherein the tag is associated with the instructions for use or with a section or a subsection of the instructions for use, wherein the memory of the user device stores instructions which, when executed by the processor, cause the user device to: scan, using a camera and/or a wireless module, the tag; identify the instructions for use or the section of the instructions for use which the tag is associated with; based on the identification, provide the user with additional information on the particular instructions for use or the particular section of the instructions for use.

TECHNICAL FIELD

The present disclosure relates to a monitoring system including a first device and a second device and to a method of operating the monitoring system.

BACKGROUND

A variety of diseases exist that require regular treatment by injection of a medicament. Such injections can be performed by using injection devices, which are applied either by medical personnel or by patients themselves. As an example, type-1 and type-2 diabetes can be treated by patients themselves by injection of insulin doses, for example once or several times per day. For instance, a pre-filled disposable insulin pen can be used as an injection device. Alternatively, a reusable pen may be used. A reusable pen allows replacement of an empty medicament cartridge by a new one. Either pen may come with a set of one-way needles that are replaced before each use. The insulin dose to be injected can then for instance be manually selected at the insulin pen by turning a dosage dial and observing the actual dose from a dosage window of the insulin pen. The dose is then injected by inserting the needle into a suited skin portion and pressing an injection button of the insulin pen. In reusable devices, once the cartridge is empty or the medicament contained in the cartridge is past its expiration date, the cartridge must be replaced.

The user must be thus familiar with a number of operations to be performed with the injection device. The user may, however, feel not confident performing the various tasks and operations based on the written instructions provided in instructions for use in the form of a leaflet enclosed with the injection device. Alternatively or in addition, the user may prefer searching for and reviewing additional information.

Thus, there is a need for improvement in tools enabling the user to find verified information and support in a form that suits the user.

SUMMARY

In a first aspect of the disclosure, a system for providing additional information to a user of an injection device is provided. The system comprises an injection device, a user device and instructions for use of the injection device, the user device comprises a processor, a memory, at least one wireless module and at least one camera, the instructions for use comprising at least one tag, wherein the tag is associated with the instructions for use or with a section or a subsection of the instructions for use, wherein the memory of the user device stores instructions which, when executed by the processor, cause the user device to: scan, using the camera and/or the wireless module, the tag; identify the instructions for use or the section of the instructions for use which the tag is associated with; based on the identification, provide the user with additional information on the particular instructions for use or the particular section of the instructions for use.

In embodiments of the first aspect of the disclosure, one or more of the following features may be used, alone or in combination:the user device is a mobile phone or a tablet;the tag is a data matrix code;the tag is one of the following: a QR code, a barcode, a PDF417 code, Semacode;the tag is a RFID tag;the tag is a NFC tag;the instructions for use are provided as a foldable sheet onto which written information is printed, or as a booklet containing written printed information;the tag contains additional information relevant to information provided in the instructions for use;the tag contains a command to be executed by the processor of the user device;the tag contains a Uniformed Resource Locator (URL) leading to a website which contains additional information relevant to information provided in the instructions for use;the tag is one of the following: a unique picture, a unique color or colors, or a unique number;the user device is adapted to: scan, using the camera, the printed text in the instructions for use; recognize the characters in the scanned printed text in the instructions for use; identify the section or subsection of the scanned instructions for use based on the recognized text; and provide the user additional information based on the recognized text and/or the recognized section or subsection of the instructions for use;the user device is adapted to: scan, using the camera, the printed text in the instructions for use; recognize the design of the section of subsection of the scanned instructions for use; identify the section or subsection of the scanned instructions for use based on the recognized design; and provide the user additional information based on the recognized design and/or the recognized section or subsection of the instructions for use.

In a second aspect of the present disclosure, a method of providing additional information to a user of an injection device is provided. The method comprises: providing instructions for use, wherein the instructions for use comprise at least one tag, wherein the tag is associated with the instructions for use or with a section or a subsection of the instructions for use; scanning, using a camera and/or a wireless module of a user device, the tag; identifying the instructions for use or the section of the instructions for use which the tag is associated with; based on the identification, providing the user with additional information on the particular instructions for use or the particular section of the instructions for use.

In embodiments of the second aspect of the disclosure, one or more of the following features or steps may be used, alone or in combination:the tag contains a command to be executed by the processor of the user device and wherein the method further comprises: identifying the command, and executing the command;the method further comprises requesting confirmation from the user before executing the command;the method further comprises, after identifying the instructions for use or the section of the instructions for use which the tag is associated with: displaying a “Help” button; receiving actuation of the button; and providing help and/or additional information in response to receiving actuation of the button.

In a third aspect of the present disclosure, a user device capable of providing a personalized animation or video content is provided. The user device comprises a processor, a memory, at least one wireless module and at least one camera, wherein the memory of the user device stores instructions which, when executed by the processor, cause the user device to: capture, using the camera, an image of the user; process, using the processor, the image of the user to determine at least one user's characteristic; and generate, using the processor, video or animation content, taking into account the at least one user's characteristic determined from the image of the user.

In embodiments of the third aspect of the disclosure, one or more of the following features may be used, alone or in combination:the user device is configured to collect the one or more of the user's characteristics from the user's accounts;the user device is configured to collect at least one of the following data about the user: gender, age, city or country of origin, city or country of residence, preferred language, body mass index, the race or ethnicity;the user device is configured to estimate the user's body mass index based on the shape and width of the user's face, neck, chin and cheeks;the user device is configured to recognize the user's gender based on presence or absence of facial hair or the size and shape of the user's nose, chin, jaw or eyebrows;the user device is configured to create a provisional set of characteristics and subsequently request the user to confirm the one or more user's characteristics.the user device is configured to allow the user to set or adjust the one or more user's characteristics.

In a fourth aspect of the present disclosure, a method of providing a personalized video or animation content using a user device is provided. The user device comprises a processor, a memory, at least one wireless module and at least one camera, and the method comprises: capturing, using the camera of the user device, an image of the user; processing, using the processor of the user device, the image of the user to determine at least one user's characteristic; generating, using the processor of the user device, video or animation content, taking into account the at least one user's characteristic determined from the image of the user.

In embodiments of the fourth aspect of the disclosure, one or more of the following features or steps may be used, alone or in combination:one or more of the user's characteristics from the user's accounts is collected from the user's accounts;at least one of the following data about the user is collected: gender, age, city or country of origin, city or country of residence, preferred language, body mass index, the race or ethnicity;the user's body mass index is estimated based on the shape and width of the user's face, neck, chin and cheeks;the user's gender is recognized based on presence or absence of facial hair or the size and shape of the user's nose, chin, jaw or eyebrows;a provisional set of characteristics is created and the user is subsequently requested to confirm the one or more user's characteristics;the user is allowed to set or adjust the one or more user's characteristics.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

In the following, embodiments of the present disclosure will be described with reference to a reusable insulin injection device. The present disclosure is however not limited to such application and may equally well be deployed with injection devices that eject other medicaments or with other types of medicament administration devices. The present disclosure is also not limited to a reusable injection device and may equally well be employed with a disposable injection device.

FIG.1is an exploded view of an injection device1, which may for instance represent Sanofi's AllStar Pro™ insulin injection pen.

The injection device1ofFIG.1is a reusable injection pen that comprises a housing10and contains an insulin container14. The insulin container14may contain a drug window14athrough which the drug may be viewed. The insulin container14may comprise a threaded connector to which a needle15can be affixed. The needle15is protected by an inner needle cap16and an outer needle cap17, which in turn can be covered by a cap18.

An insulin dose to be ejected from the injection device1can be selected by turning the dosage dial12. The selected dose is then displayed via dosage window13, for instance in multiples of so-called International Units (IU), wherein one IU is the biological equivalent of about 45.5 micrograms of pure crystalline insulin ( 1/22 mg). An example of a selected dose displayed in dosage window13may, for instance, be 30 IUs, as shown inFIG.1. It should be noted that the selected dose may equally well be displayed differently, for instance, by means of an electronic display.

Turning the dosage dial12causes a mechanical clicker to provide haptic and acoustic feedback to a user. The numbers displayed in dosage window13are present on a sleeve by printing and the sleeve is contained in housing10and mechanically interacts with a piston in insulin container14. When needle15is stuck into a skin portion of a patient and then injection button11is pushed, the insulin dose displayed in dosage window13will be ejected from the injection device1. When the needle15of the injection device1remains for a certain time in the skin portion after the injection button11is pushed, a high percentage of the dose is actually injected into the patient's body. Ejection of the insulin dose also causes a mechanical click sound, which is different from the sounds produced when using dosage dial12.

The injection device1may be used for several injection processes until either insulin container14is empty or the expiration date of the injection device1is reached (e.g.,28days after the first use). The injection device1can then be refilled, or the insulin container14may be replaced. The replacement may be effected e.g., by removing the cap18, unscrewing the insulin container14, removing the cartridge, inserting a fresh cartridge, and replacing the insulin container14.

FIG.2shows a system comprising the injection device1, a user device2and instructions for use3.

The injection device1may be for example as described above. The injection device1may be any other suitable injection device.

The user device2may be for example an electronic device, such as mobile phone or tablet (more generally, a mobile device). The user device2may be a desktop PC, a laptop, or a tablet. The user device2comprises a screen23. The screen23may be e.g., a touch screen. At least one camera21may be associated with the user device2. The camera21may be integral part of the user device2. The camera21may be a front camera or a back camera. The camera21may be an external camera, such as a webcam.

The instructions for use3may be provided e.g., as a foldable sheet onto which written information31is printed. The sheet may be e.g., a paper sheet. The instructions for use3may be provided e.g., as a booklet containing written printed information31. The information provided in the instructions for use3may be on the drug contained in the injection device1, the injection device1, the handling and operation of the injection device1, the dosing of the drug contained in the injection device1, the medical condition the drug has been prescribed for, any side effects of the drug, etc. In an embodiment, the instructions for use3contain all information prescribed by a regulatory body.

In addition to written information31, the instructions for use3may comprise at least one tag32. The user device2may be configured to recognize the tag32. The tag32may be associated with particular instructions for use3(e.g., instructions for use of a given type of injection device1). The tag32may be associated with particular section of the instructions for use3. The tag32may be e.g., a QR code32a(shown schematically inFIG.3a), a barcode, an Aztec code, a Snowflake Code, a PDF417code, a Semacode, a High Capacity Color Barcode, or any other suitable data matrix code. The tag32may be a RFID tag32b(shown schematically inFIG.3b). The tag32may be a unique picture, a unique color or colors, or a unique number. Unique in this context may mean that the same instructions for use3do not contain two same or similar elements of the same type (e.g., the same picture associated with two different subsections of the instructions for use3). Unique in this context may mean that two different instructions for use3provided for two different types of injection device do not contain the same or similar elements of the same type (e.g., the same picture associated with two different instructions for use3).

The user device2may be adapted to scan, sense, or otherwise recognize the tag32. For example, if the tag32is a QR code32aor alternative data matrix code, the user device2may be provided with suitable software (such as an app) which is adapted to capture an image of the tag32with a camera21of the user device and decode the tag32(retrieve the information provided in the tag32). For example, if the tag32is a RFID tag32b,the user device2may use a wireless module22(such as a RFID module) to read the tag32b.

In an embodiment, each section and/or each subsection of the instructions for use3has a tag32associated with that section. In an embodiment, only certain sections may have a tag32associated with them. In an embodiment, there may be only one tag32associated with the instructions for use3. Each section and/or subsection of the instructions for use3may have a unique tag32associated with it. The association of the tag(s)32and the section(s) or subsection(s) of the instructions for use3may be stored by the user device2in its memory25.

In an embodiment, the tag32contains additional information relevant to the information provided in the instructions for use3. In an embodiment, the tag32may contain a command to be executed by the user device2. For example, the tag32may provide a

Uniformed Resource Locator (URL) leading to a website which contains additional information relevant to the information provided in the instructions for use3. For example, the tag32may provide a command to retrieve additional information relevant to the information provided in the instructions for use3from the memory25of the user device2and provide this additional information to the user.

For example, the additional information may contain further details on the information given in the instructions for use3. For example, the website and/or the additional information retrieved from the memory25of the user device2may contain additional information in the form of picture instructions and/or a video explaining a particular task which is to be completed with the injection device1. Tasks may involve for example preparing for injecting the drug, injecting the drug, removing and/or replacing an empty cartridge, removing and/or replacing a used needle, checking the expiration date and/or quality of a medicament contained in the cartridge, and the like.

In an example embodiment (shown inFIG.3c), the instructions for use3may contain a plurality of subsections311-313. Among the plurality of subsections, there may be for example a subsection on dialling the correct dose of the drug311, a subsection on injecting the dialled dose312, and a subsection on replacing an empty cartridge313. Each of these subsections may have a distinct tag321-323associated with them. The tags321-323may be e.g., as described above (a data matrix tag, a RFID tag, or any other suitable tag). Each of the tags321-323may contain additional information and/or a command to be executed by the user device2. For example, the tags321-323may contain a URL leading to a website containing a video showing the correct process of executing the respective procedure described in the sections311-313. Thus, when each of the tags321-323is scanned by the user device2, the user device may open the respective website and show the user the respective video.

Alternatively or in addition, the URL may lead to a text-based website providing additional information, to additional picture-based user instructions, or the like. The tags321-323may also contain a command for the user device2to retrieve additional information from elsewhere, e.g., the memory25of the user device2.

In an embodiment, after scanning the tag32, the user device2may request the user to confirm the user's request to access additional information. This may be done e.g., by displaying, on the screen23of the user device2, a suitable question (e.g., “Do you wish to view an additional information for this section?”) and a choice of “Yes” and “No” soft buttons, to be touched by the user. Alternatively or in addition, the user device may, using the screen23, display a “Help” button. Upon actuating, e.g., touching, the “Help” button, the user may be provided with the additional information, e.g., a video showing a correct handling of the injection device1and/or performing a specific task, as described above.

Providing the tag(s)32in the instructions for use3may help in making sure that the additional information is verified, authorised and up-to-date. For example, by being provided a video made by the manufacturer of the injection device1, a regulatory body, a health care professional or a verified user group, the user may be motivated to review and follow this video, thus diminishing the user's need for searching for further information on their own and possibly reviewing irrelevant information (such as information which is related to a different injection device than the user owns, information which is outdated, inaccurate, fake or otherwise faulty, etc.).

Alternatively or in addition, the user device2may be adapted to recognize the instructions for use3and/or a particular section or subsection31of the instructions for use3based on the text present in the instructions for use3. For example, after capturing an image of the instructions for use3, the user device2may be configured to recognize the characters in the printed text (using e.g., optical character recognition, or OCR), and offer the user additional information as described above in response to recognizing the text. For example, the user device2may recognize a particular subsection of the instructions for use3, for example based on a particular heading, and in response provide the user with the option of viewing the additional information, as described above.

Alternatively or in addition, the user device2may be adapted to recognize the instructions for use3and/or a particular section or subsection31of the instructions for use3based on the design of the instructions for use3. For example, the user device2may recognize any combination of the following: layout of the instructions for use3, colors used in the instructions for use3, pictures and diagrams provided in the instructions for use3, fonts, size of the text and/or the headings, presence or absence of bold text, underlined text and/or italics, presence or absence of particular headings and the like). In response to recognizing these features, the user device2may provide the user with the option of viewing the additional information related to a given subsection, as described above.

A schematic view of the user device2is provided inFIG.4. The user device2may comprise a processor24. The user device2may comprise a camera21, which may be a front camera or a back camera. There may be more than one camera21, or more than one camera21of each type, associated with the user device2. The user device2may comprise a wireless module22. The wireless module22may be, e.g., an RFID module, a NFC module, or the like. The user device2may comprise a display23, for example a screen or a touch screen. Any other suitable display may be provided. In case the display23is not a touch screen, the user device2may be provided with a button- or key-based input device (not shown). The user device2may comprise a memory25. The memory25stores suitable software (e.g., an app) configured to identify/recognize the instructions for use3and provide additional information, as described above. The user device2may further comprise a battery or other suitable power source26.

In some embodiments, the user device2is configured to perform methods of providing additional information to the user. Example methods are shown inFIGS.5to8. The methods ofFIGS.5-8are shown as exemplary only; it will be understood that the steps can be combined as appropriate.FIGS.5-7show methods of providing additional information to the user, using the screen23of the user device2. The methods ofFIGS.5-6utilize the camera21of the user device2. The camera21may be a front camera or a rear camera. The method ofFIG.7utilizes a wireless module22, e.g., a RFID module or a NFC module of the user device2.

In the method ofFIG.5, the camera21of the user device2is used to capture image of the instructions for use3(step501). The image is processed by the user device2(e.g., using a processor24and a suitable app provided in the memory25of the user device

A relevant subsection of the instructions for use3is identified in step502, for example based on OCR and/or design features, as described above.

In step503, the user device2, using the screen23, displays a “Help” button. The “Help” button may be a soft button displayed on a touch screen23. Alternatively, the “Help” button may be actuated in any other suitable way (e.g., using a desktop computer keyboard and mouse).

Once the user actuates the “Help” button and the user device2receives this actuation (step504), the user device2accesses additional information and shows the additional information to the user (step505). The additional information may be e.g., a video, animation or picture tutorial showing a correct handling of the injection device described in the relevant subsection of the instructions for use3. The additional information may be further reading material related to the relevant subsection of the instructions for use3.

FIG.6shows another method of providing additional information to the user. In step601, the camera21of the user device2is used to capture an image of the instructions for use3. The image is then processed as described above in connection with method ofFIG.5.

A tag32associated with a relevant subsection of the instructions for use3is identified by the user device2, e.g., using a suitable app (step602).

Based on the identification of the tag32in step602, a command associated with the tag is identified (step603). For example, the tag32may contain a URL of a webpage, and the associated command may be opening the webpage. For example, the tag32may comprise a command for the user device2to retrieve specific information from the memory25of the user device2and/or from an app stored in the memory25of the user device2.

In step604, the user device2may request a user's confirmation to execute the identified command. The user device2may use the screen23to display a request for confirmation, e.g., in a form of a soft button to be actuated by the user.

Upon receiving, in step605, a confirmation from the user that the command is to be executed, the command is executed in step606. For example, the URL is searched for, a video-, audio- and/or text-based additional information is accessed, and the like.

FIG.7shows another method of providing additional information to the user. In step701, the user device2, which has a RFID module22and is RFID-enabled, scans the RFID tag32provided in the instructions for use3. The tag32prompts the user device2to display a menu (step702), providing the user with choice of actions or commands to be executed. For example, the menu may provide the user with a choice between watching different videos, reading different pieces of further reading material, reviewing picture- or animation-based instructions, and the like.

Once the user makes their choice, the choice is received by the user device2(step703), and then the associated action is performed and/or the associated command is executed.

The steps of the methods ofFIGS.5-7may be combined to create a method not shown in the Figs. For example, after capturing an image of the instructions for use3and identifying a relevant subsection (steps501and502ofFIG.5), the user device2may proceed to display a menu (as described in connection withFIG.7, step702and subsequent). For example, after scanning the RFID tag32(step701inFIG.7), the user device2may continue with identifying a command associated with the tag32(steps602-606ofFIG.6), or may display a help button (steps502-505ofFIG.5). For example, after capturing an image of instructions for use3and identifying a tag associated with a relevant subsection (steps601and602ofFIG.6), the user device2may proceed to displaying a “Help” button (steps503-505) or menu (steps702-704ofFIG.7).

In other words, the user device2may be configured to identify instructions for use3, one or more of sections or subsections of instructions for use3, or a tag32associated with instructions for use3or its section(s) or subsection(s). The user device2may then proceed to offer additional help to the user and/or execute commands associated with the tag(s)32and/or provide the user with menu of options and execute the chosen option.

Additional information available to the user in the form of video or animated content may show an avatar representing the user, performing the various tasks. The video or animated content may be provided from the point of view of this avatar, or it may closely follow the avatar.

It may be desirable to provide an avatar which the user may identify with. For example, a female user may prefer to watch a female avatar. As another example, a user identifying with a particular ethnic or religious background may prefer an avatar having the same ethnic or religious background, etc. The user may be able to adjust the avatar's skin tone. For example, the user may be able to pick the avatar's skin tone from several different options, for example from a drop-down menu. Alternatively or in addition, the avatar's gender, skin tone and other characteristics may be based on a captured image of the user (as described below).

The user may prefer it if the avatar conforms to certain cultural norms. For example, if the user's culture considers showing one's bare arms or legs as unacceptable, the user may prefer an avatar dressed such that the avatar's arms and legs are fully covered. Alternatively or in addition, if the user's culture considers showing bare skin unacceptable, the avatar may not show bare skin at all. In that case, when the avatar demonstrates a correct injection technique into a portion of bare skin, that portion of bare skin may be shown in one or more following ways: covered except for a very small area needed for the injection, pixelated, in abstract representation such as relief or in pastel. Similarly, if the user's culture considers showing certain portions of the user's body (e.g., a belly button or thighs) unacceptable, the avatar may not show these body parts, or show them pixelated or in abstract representation, as described above.

Alternatively or in addition, the user may prefer to watch content in which the avatar's surroundings are familiar to the user (e.g., the furniture is such as is customary in the user's region, the contents of the avatar's fridge is similar to the contents of the user's fridge, etc.).

If the user is provided with content which takes into account the personal and cultural preference (a suitable avatar, suitable surroundings etc.), the user may pay more attention to the relevant content of the video or animation. For example, the user may pay attention to instructions for use of an injection device and demonstration of the use of the injection device1by the avatar, and less attention to the background and/or less relevant information such as the avatar's clothing, which may be perceived inappropriate or alien, or the avatar's surroundings, which may be considered more interesting by the user than the injection device being demonstrated.

To be able to predict the user's preferences in this aspect, the user device2, preferably with the user's prior consent, collects certain information about the user. Among the collected information may be user's gender, age, city or country of origin, city or country of residence, language, body mass index, the race or ethnicity the user identifies with, and the like. With this information, the user device2may be able to set the avatar and/or the avatar's surroundings according to the user's culture, taste and/or preference.

An example method for determining a suitable avatar and/or suitable surroundings of the avatar is shown inFIG.8.

In step801, the user device2may identify one or more of the user's social network accounts. For example, the user may be requested to input their email or social network or other account details.

In step802, information is retrieved from the user's social network account(s). For example, the user device2may collect information such as name, age, city or country of residence, or preferred language. The information obtained may be stored in the user device2, for example in a memory25of the user device.

In step803, the user may be requested to capture an image of themselves. The user device2may contain suitable software which is configured to recognize certain features. For example, based on the shape, width and other parameters of the user's face, neck, chin and cheeks, the user device2may be able to estimate the user's body mass index. Based on presence or absence of facial hair and the size and shape of some of the facial features (such as the user's nose, chin, jaw or eyebrows), the user device2may be able to recognize the user's gender. Alternatively or in addition, user's gender, age and/or other characteristics may be input directly by the user, outsourced from an external source such as social network or other user account, or both.

To identify the various characteristics of the user, the user device2may be able to capture, recognize a process one or more of the following parameters, alone or in combination:the user's skin tone, tanned appearance etc., which could be indicative of the user's ethnic background, general health, specific health issues, wellbeing or lifestyle;color, length, texture, volume and/or other characteristics of the user's hair, which could be indicative of the user's ethnic background, gender, age, general health, specific health issues, wellbeing or lifestyle;gloss of skin and hair, which could be indicative of the user's lifestyle choices (for example, groomed appearance or more ‘casual’ appearance);the user having a double chin, which could be indicative of the user being overweight;the user having hanging eyelids and corners of the mouth, which could be indicative of the user's wellbeing;appearance of a portion of the user's neck (throat), which could indicate the user is overweight;the appearance of the user's hands and/or the appearance of the skin of the user's hands, which can be indicative of the user's age and wellbeing;the user's hand movements, which can be indicative of the user's age and wellbeing.

In an optional step804, the user device2may request the user to confirm one or more captured or derived characteristics. For this, the user device2may create a provisional set of characteristics (e.g., assume that the user is of particular gender and identifies with a particular race or ethnicity) and request the user to confirm.

Alternatively, instead of capturing an image of the user (step803), the user may be asked to input the data about themselves (not shown). For example, the user may be requested to indicate whether they are male or female, state their body mass index, and pick their preferred race, ethnicity or religion.

Once the set of the user's features is finalized, the content of video or animation is generated. The user's characteristics are used to generate an appropriate avatar (e.g., an avatar of particular gender, dressed in a particular way, surrounded by particular home furnishings and equipment).

The user may be provided with a possibility to change the avatar's characteristics. For example, if the user is identified by the user device2as being of a particular gender, but the user identifies with a different gender, the user may be able to switch the avatar to a different gender.

Alternatively or in addition, the user may be provided with a range of lifestyle choices. For example, if the user follows a specific diet (e.g., vegetarian, vegan or paleo diet), the user may be able to indicate this to the user device2and change the contents of the fridge shown in the video.

The identification of the user's preferred language and cultural background may influence other settings of the content, such as the way information is presented. For example, menu options, layout and other properties may be influenced by the user's expectations. For example, the color scheme may be set based on the user's cultural preferences (e.g., a Chinese user may prefer red color scheme, a Russian user may prefer gold color scheme, and a Western user may prefer white, grey or cream color scheme).

As another example, the presentation of the information, menu and/or navigation may be based e.g., on the level of the user's training: a user who is not yet trained may be presented with simple, more intuitive navigation, while an experienced user may see a more advanced version of the navigation, allowing access to advanced settings etc.

An example drug delivery device may involve a needle-based injection system as described in Table 1 of section 5.2 of ISO 11608-1:2014(E). As described in ISO 11608-1:2014(E), needle-based injection systems may be broadly distinguished into multi-dose container systems and single-dose (with partial or full evacuation) container systems. The container may be a replaceable container or an integrated non-replaceable container.

As further described in ISO 11608-1:2014(E), a multi-dose container system may involve a needle-based injection device with a replaceable container. In such a system, each container holds multiple doses, the size of which may be fixed or variable (pre-set by the user). Another multi-dose container system may involve a needle-based injection device with an integrated non-replaceable container. In such a system, each container holds multiple doses, the size of which may be fixed or variable (pre-set by the user).

As further described in ISO 11608-1:2014(E), a single-dose container system may involve a needle-based injection device with a replaceable container. In one example for such a system, each container holds a single dose, whereby the entire deliverable volume is expelled (full evacuation). In a further example, each container holds a single dose, whereby a portion of the deliverable volume is expelled (partial evacuation). As also described in ISO 11608-1:2014(E), a single-dose container system may involve a needle-based injection device with an integrated non-replaceable container. In one example for such a system, each container holds a single dose, whereby the entire deliverable volume is expelled (full evacuation). In a further example, each container holds a single dose, whereby a portion of the deliverable volume is expelled (partial evacuation).