Method and system for participant control of privacy during multiparty communication sessions

A method and system for participant control of privacy during a multiparty communication session includes receiving a request from a first participant to a multiparty communication connection for a sidebar between the first participant and a second participant to the multiparty communication connection. The sidebar is provided by at least substantially eliminating voice streams generated by the first participant and the second participant from conference output streams generated for a set of remaining participants to the multiparty communication connection.

TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates generally to the field of multiparty communications, and more particularly to a method and system for participant control of privacy during multiparty communication sessions.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Modern business practices often require that several persons meet on the telephone to engage in a conference call. The conference call has introduced certain applications and techniques that are superior to those found in a meeting with persons physically present in the same location. For example, a conference call attendee who is not participating at the moment may wish to mute their audio output and simply listen to the other conferencee. This allows the particular conferee to work on another project while still participating in the conference.

While the conference call has been substantially helpful in minimizing travel expenses and other costs associated with business over long distances, significant obstacles still remain in accomplishing many tasks with the same efficiency as one would in having a meeting with all persons in the same physical location. For example, while the ability to talk privately to a particular conferences during a conference call can be provided by offline mechanisms such as text chat channels, this requires the coupling of ASCII entry and display capabilities with a voice terminal on both sides of the private conversation.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The present invention provides an improved method and system for participant control of privacy during multiparty communication sessions that substantially eliminate or reduce the disadvantages and problems associated with previous systems and methods. In particular, a subset of participants to a conference call or other multiparty communication session may engage in an online sidebar conversation during the conference without the knowledge of the remaining participants.

In accordance with one embodiment of the present invention, a system and method for participant control of privacy during a multiparty communication connection includes receiving a request from a first participant to the multiparty connection for a sidebar between the first participant and a second participant to the multiparty connection. The sidebar is provided by at least substantially eliminating voice streams generated by the first participant and the second participant from the conference output streams generated for a set of remaining participants to the multiparty connection.

More specifically, in accordance with a particular embodiment of the present invention, the voice streams of the first and second participant may be entirely eliminated from the conference output streams generated for the set of remaining participants. In this and other embodiments, voice streams generated by the set of remaining participants may be removed, attenuated, or otherwise minimized from and/or in the conference output streams generated for the first and second participants. The conference output streams may be monaural or stereo streams.

Technical advantages of the present invention include providing an improved method and system for participant control of privacy during multiparty communication sessions. In one or more embodiments, a privacy feature allows a subset of participants to converse online with each other during a multiparty session without the knowledge of the remaining participants. Accordingly, participants on a conference call or other multiparty session may each customize characteristics of the call without affecting other participants.

Another technical advantage of one or more embodiments of the present invention includes providing an improved conference bridge. In particular, the conference bridge provides sidebar conferences between requesting parties of a conference call. Accordingly, the conference bridge allows participants to each customize call characteristics to suit their particular needs and to more efficiently conduct business during the call.

Other technical advantages of the present invention will be readily apparent to one skilled in the art from the following figures, description and claims.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

FIG. 1illustrates a communications system12in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, the communications system12is a distributed system transmitting audio, video, voice, data and other suitable types of real-time and non real-time traffic between source and destination endpoints.

Referring toFIG. 1, the communications system12includes a network14connecting a plurality of communication devices16to each other and to standard analog telephones18through a gateway20and the public switched telephone network (PSTN)22. The communication devices16, standard analog telephones18and gateway20are connected to the network14and/or PSTN22through twisted pair, cable, fiber optic, radio frequency, infrared, microwave and/or any other suitable type of wireline or wireless links28.

In one embodiment, the network14is the Internet, a wide area network (WAN), a local area network (LAN) or other suitable packet-switched network. In the Internet embodiment, the network14transmits information in Internet Protocol (IP) packets. Telephony voice information is transmitted in the Voice over IP (VoIP) format. Real-time IP packets such as VoIP packets are encapsulated in real-time transport protocol (RTP) packets for transmission over the network14. It will be understood that the network14may comprise any other suitable types of elements and links and that traffic may be otherwise suitably transmitted using other protocols and formats.

The communication devices16comprise IP or other digital telephones, personal and other suitable computers or computing devices, personal digital assistants (PDAs), cell or other mobile telephones or handset or any other device or set of devices such as the telephone18and gateway20combination capable of communicating real-time audio, video and/or other information over the network14. The communication devices16also communicate control information with the network14to control call setup, teardown and processing as well as call services.

For voice calls, the communication devices16comprise real-time applications that play traffic as it is received or substantially as it is received and to which packet delivery cannot be interrupted without severely degrading performance. A codec (coder/decoder) converts audio, video or other suitable signals generated by users from analog signals into digital form. The digital encoded data is encapsulated into IP or other suitable packets for transmission over the network14. IP packets received from the network14are converted back into analog signals and played to the user. It will be understood that the communication devices16may otherwise suitably encode and decode signals transmitted over or received from the network14.

The gateway20provides conversion between analog and/or digital formats. The standard analog telephones18communicate standard telephony signals through PSTN22to the gateway20. At the gateway20, the signals are converted to IP packets in the VoIP format. Similarly, VoIP packets received from the network14are converted into standard telephony signals for delivery to the destination telephone18through PSTN22. The gateway20also translates between the network call control system and the Signaling System 7 (SS7) protocol and other signaling protocols used in PSTN22.

In one embodiment, the network14includes a call manager30and a conference bridge32. The call manager30and the conference bridge32may be located in a central facility or have their functionality distributed across and/or at the periphery of the network14. The call manager30and the conference bridge32are connected to the network14by any suitable type of wireline or wireless link. In another embodiment, the network14may be operated without the call manager30, in which case the communication devices16may communicate control information directly with each other or with other suitable network elements. In this embodiment, services are provided by the communication devices16and/or other suitable network elements.

The call manager30manages calls in the network14. A call is any communication session between two or more parties. The parties may be persons and/or equipment such as computers. The sessions may include real-time connections, connections having real-time characteristics, non real-time connections and/or a combination of connection types.

The call manager30is responsive to service requests from the communication devices16, including the standard telephones18through the gateway20. For example, the call manager30may provide voicemail, bridging, multicasting, call hold, conference call and other multiparty communications and/or other suitable services for the communications devices16. The call manager30provides services by performing the services, controlling performance of the services, delegating performance of the services and/or by otherwise initiating the services.

The conference bridge32provides conference call and other suitable audio, video, and/or real-time multiparty communication sessions between communication devices16. A multiparty communication session includes three or more parties exchanging audio and/or other suitable information. In particular, the conference bridge32receives media from participating devices16and, using suitable signal processing techniques, mixes the media to produce conference signals. During normal operation, each device16receives a conference signal that includes contributions from all other participating devices. As used herein, the term each means everyone of at least a subset of the identified items.

As described in more detail below, the conference bridge32provides for independent participant control of privacy during multiparty communications sessions. In particular, the conference bridge32provides a privacy feature that allows each participant of a multiparty connection to speak in-band to other selected participants in a sidebar during the session without the knowledge of the remaining participants. Thus, participants on a conference call or other multiparty communications session may each customize parameter for the call to suit their needs without affecting other participants.

In operation, a call initiation request is first sent to the call manager30when a call is placed over the network14. The call initiation request may be generated by a communication device16and/or the gateway20for telephones18. Once the call manager30receives the call initiation request, the call manager30sends a signal to the initiating communication device16and/or gateway20for telephones18offering to call the destination device. If the destination device can accept the call, the destination device replies to the call manager30that it will accept the call. By receiving this acceptance, the call manager30transmits a signal to the destination device causing it to ring. When the call is answered, the call manager30instructs the called device and the originating device to begin media streaming to each other. If the originating device is a PSTN telephone18, the media streaming occurs between the gateway20and the destination device. The gateway20then transmits the media to the telephone18.

For conference calls, the call manager30identifies participants based on the called number or other suitable criteria. The call manager30controls the conference bridge32to set up, process and tear down conference calls and other multiparty communication sessions. During the multiparty communications sessions, participants are connected and stream media through the conference bridge32. The media is cross connected and mixed to produce conference output streams for each participant. The conference output stream for a participant includes the media of all other participants, a subset of other participants or other suitable mix dictated by the type of multiparty session and/or the participant.

To support independent participant control of privacy, the call manager30may receive sidebar control signals from the individual participants and pass the signals onto the conference bridge32for implementation of the sidebars by adjustment of the conference output streams. In another embodiment, the communication devices16may directly communicate the sidebar control signals to the conference bridge32for implementation of the sidebars. The sidebar control signals may comprise sidebars request, acceptance, denial and termination signals as well as parameters for customizing the conference output streams for sidebar participants. The sidebar control signals may be call signaling messages and may be generated by the communication devices16, telephones18and/or gateway20by or in response to hard key, soft key, feature button or sequence of keypad presses with a user interface.

FIG. 2illustrates details of the conference bridge32in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, the conference bridge32provides real-time multiparty audio connections between three or more participants. It will be understood that the conference bridge32may support other types of suitable multiparty communications sessions including real-time audio streams without departing from the scope of the present invention.

Referring toFIG. 2, conference bridge32concludes a controller50, buffers52, converters54, normalizer56, mixer58and database60. The controller50, buffers52, converters54, normalize56, adaptive summers58and database60of the conference bridge as well as other suitable components of the communications system12may comprise logic encoded in media. Logic comprises functional instructions for carrying out programmed tasks. The media comprises computer disks or other suitable computer-readable media, applications specific integrated circuits (ASIC), field programmable gate arrays (FPGA) or other suitable specific or general purpose processors, transmission media or other suitable media in which logic may be encoded and utilized.

The controller50directs the other components of the conference bridge32and communicates with the call manager30to set up, process and tear down conference calls. The controller50also receives sidebar control signals from participants either directly from the communication devices16or through the call manager30. The sidebar control signals are stored in the database60.

The buffers52include input and output buffers. The input buffers receive and buffer packets of input audio streams from participants for processing by the conference bridge32. The output buffers receive and buffer conference output streams generated by the conference bridge32for transmissions to participants. In a particular embodiment, a particular input buffer or set of input buffer resources are assigned to each audio input stream and a particular output buffer or set of output buffer resources are assigned to each conference output stream. The input and output buffers may be associated with corresponding input and output parts or interfaces and perform error check, packet loss prevention, packet ordering and congestion control functions.

The converters54include input and output converters. The input converters receive input packets of a participant from a corresponding buffer and convert the packet from the native format of the participant's device16to a standard format of the conference bridge32for cross linking and processing in the conference bridge32. Conversely, the output converters receive conference output streams for participants in the standard format and convert the conference output streams to the native format of participant's devices. In this way, the conference bridge32allows participants to connect using a variety of devices and technologies.

The normalizers56include input and/or output normalizers. The normalizers received packets from the input audio streams in a common format and normalize the timing of the packets for cross connections in the mixer58.

The mixer58includes a plurality of summers or other suitable signal processing resources each operable to sum, add or otherwise combine a plurality of input streams into conference output streams for participants to a conference call. As described in more detail below, the mixer58may be a monaural mixer or a stereo mixer. Once the mixer58has generated the conference output streams, each conference output stream is converted by a corresponding converter and buffered by a corresponding output buffer for transmission to the corresponding participant.

The database60includes a set of conference parameters62for each ongoing conference call of the conference bridge32. The conference parameters62for each conference call include an identification of participants64and sidebar parameters66for the conference call. In one embodiment, the participants are identified at the beginning of a conference call based on caller ID, phone number or other suitable identifier. The sidebar parameters may be initially set to a default value of no sidebars and adjusted during a conference call based on sidebar control signals. The sidebar request and other sidebar control signals may be received from the participants in-band with the audio stream or over a control link or channel. Each sidebar signal should directly or indirectly identify the participant generating the signal as well as the sidebar and/or participants to which it applies.

FIGS. 3–5illustrate components and operation of the mixer58in a monaural embodiment of the present invention. In particular,FIG. 3illustrates details of a monaural mixer80in accordance with a particular embodiment.FIG. 4illustrates the monaural mixer80configured to provide a sidebar conference between selected participants of a conference call.FIG. 5illustrates details of a summer82of the monaural mixer80. It will be understood that a monaural mixer may be otherwise suitably implemented without departing from the scope of the present invention.

Referring toFIG. 3, the monaural mixer80receives participant input streams84and combines the streams in summers82to generate conference output streams86for each participant to a conference call. In one embodiment, each participant is assigned a summer82that receives audio input streams from each other participant to the conference call and sidebar parameters for the input streams. The summer82combines the audio input streams based on the sidebar parameters to generate a conference output stream for delivery to the participant.

The summers82may each store relevant sidebar parameters or may access the database60to obtain the sidebar parameters. The sidebar parameters may be dynamically changed in response to sidebar requests and other signals from participants during a conference call to allow multiple sidebars between participants to the conference call.

During normal operation in which no sidebars are occurring, each participant receives the audio input of each other participant. Thus, for example, the conference output stream of participant1includes the audio inputs of participants2–5. Similarly, the conference output stream of participant2includes the audio inputs of participants1and3–5. The conference output stream of participant3includes the audio inputs of participants1–2and4–5. The conference output stream of participant4includes the audio inputs of participants1–3and5. The conference output stream of participant5includes the audio inputs of participants1–4.

Referring toFIG. 4, during a sidebar between two or more participants to the conference call, the conference output stream86of each sidebar participant includes the audio input84of each other sidebar participant as well as the audio input84of each remaining participant not included in the sidebar. The audio input84of the sidebar participants may be amplified or the audio input84of the remaining participants attenuated to focus on or provide higher prominence to the audio input84of the sidebar participants. A higher prominence is provided by increasing the intelligibility of the sidebar participants relative to the remaining participants.

The conference output streams86of the remaining participants include only or substantially only the audio inputs84of the other remaining participants not involved in the sidebar. The conference output streams include substantially only the audio input of the other remaining participants when the audio input of the sidebar participants is attenuated to the point where it is not intelligible or cannot be mentally focused on by a listener in the presence of other sound sources. Thus, the sidebar conversation remains private between the selected sidebar participants while the remaining participants are unaware and/or unaffected by the sidebar. In another embodiment to the single stage monaural mixer100, the sidebar conference output streams may be generated by a monaural mixer with a second stage monaural sidebar mixer as described for a stereo embodiment in connection withFIG. 8.

For an exemplary sidebar between participants3and5during a conference call between participants1–5, the conference output stream of participant3includes the audio inputs of participants1–2and4–5while the conference output stream for participant5includes the audio inputs of participants1–4. Thus, the sidebar participants hear each other as well as the remaining participants to the conference call. The conference output stream for participant1includes only the audio inputs of participants2and4while the conference output stream for participant2includes only the audio inputs of participants1and4and the conference output stream of participant4includes only the audio inputs of participants1and2. Thus, the conversation between participants3and5engaged in the sidebar remain private between those participants.

Referring toFIG. 5, each summer82of the monaural conference bridge80includes source input streams90from participants and a sidebar parameter92for each source input stream90. Each source input stream90is multiplied by the corresponding sidebar parameter92to generate a resultant source input stream that is then combined with the other resultant source input streams to generate the conference output stream.

For a sidebar participant, the audio streams of the other sidebar participants may be made prominent in the conference output stream by using the sidebar parameters to amplify the source input streams90of the sidebar participants or by using the sidebar parameters to attenuate the source input streams90of the non-sidebar participants. For example, the source input streams90of sidebar participants may be multiplied by a sidebar parameter of “1.2” while the audio input streams of the non-sidebar participants are multiplied by a sidebar parameter of “0.8”.

For non-sidebar participants, the audio input streams90of the sidebar participants may be multiplied by a sidebar parameter of zero or substantially zero to effectively remove or eliminate the audio inputs of the sidebar participants from the conference output streams of the non-sidebar participants. The audio input of the other remaining participants not involved in the sidebar may be multiplied by a neutral sidebar parameter to provide equal weight to each of the remaining audio inputs. It will be understood that the audio input streams90of sidebar participants may be otherwise eliminated from the conference output streams of the non-sidebar participants and that the contribution of sidebar participants to the conference output streams of other sidebar participants may be otherwise focused on relative to the non-participants without departing from the scope of the present invention.

FIGS. 6–10illustrate components and operation of the mixer58in a stereo embodiment of the present invention. In particular,FIG. 6illustrates details of a stereo mixer100in accordance with a particular embodiment.FIG. 7illustrates spatial positioning of participant audio in a stereo conference stream of a conference call participant.FIG. 8illustrates the stereo mixer100configured to provide a sidebar conference between selected participants of a conference call.FIG. 9illustrates spatial positioning of participant audio in a stereo conference stream of a sidebar participant.FIG. 10illustrates details of a directional processor106and a summer108of the stereo mixer100.

Referring toFIG. 6, the stereo mixer100receives participant input streams102and generates stereo conference output streams104using the directional processors106and the summers108. In one embodiment, each participant is assigned a directional processor106and a summer108. The directional processor106receives audio input streams102from other participants to the conference call and generates spatially positioned stereo streams that are combined by the summer108to generate the stereo conference output streams104. Each stereo conference output stream104includes a left (L) and a right (R) channel.

During normal operation in which no sidebars are occurring, each participant receives the audio input of each other participant to a conference call. Thus, for example, the stereo conference output stream for participant1includes the audio inputs of participants2–5. Similarly, the stereo conference output stream for participant2includes the audio inputs from participants1and3–5. The stereo conference output stream for participant3includes the audio inputs of participants1–2and4–5. The stereo conference output stream for participant4includes the audio inputs from participants1–3and5. The stereo conference output stream for participant5includes the audio inputs from participants1–4.

Referring toFIG. 7, each stereo conference output stream104includes audio inputs or sources120from the other participants or groups of participants that are perceived by the listener122as coming from different spatial locations. The spatial locations vary from front to back in the listener's depth perception and from left to right in the listener's lateral directivity. Because the sound sources are spatially separated, the listener122can more easily focus on individual sound sources of auditory information in the presence of other sound sources. Thus, the spatial separation of the sound sources120increases the ability of the listener122to differentiate between the multiple sound sources120.

In the illustrated embodiment, each participant1–4is spatially positioned in front and at an equal distance from the participant5. In this configuration, each participant1–4has an equal degree or substantial degree of prominence with respect to the participant5. As described in more detail below, participants1–4in the stereo conference output stream104may be repositioned to the foreground to provide a higher degree of intelligibility and prominence to participant5.

Referring toFIG. 8, during a sidebar between two or more participants to the conference call, the audio input102of the sidebar participants bypasses the stereo mixer100and is fed to sidebar mixers140while the audio input102of the remaining non-sidebar participants is fed to the stereo mixer100and spatially positioned and combined as previously described. The stereo conference output streams104generated for the non-sidebar participants are transmitted to the participants while the stereo conference output streams104generated by the stereo mixer100for the sidebar participants are fed to the sidebar mixers140.

The sidebar mixer140of each sidebar participant receives the monaural audio input102of each other sidebar participant. A directional processor106generates spatially positioned stereo streams for the audio inputs102that are combined in a summer108with each other and with the stereo conference output stream104from the stereo mixer100to generate a stereo sidebar conference output stream146. Accordingly, each sidebar participant receives the audio inputs102from the other sidebar participants as well as the audio inputs102from the remaining non-sidebar participants to the conference call. The non-sidebar participants receive only the audio inputs102from the other non-sidebar participants. Thus, the sidebar remains private between the selected sidebar participants while the remaining participants are unaware and/or unaffected by the sidebar. In an alternative to the two stage stereo and sidebar mixers100and140, the stereo sidebar conference output streams may be generated by a single stage stereo mixer as described for a monaural embodiment in connection withFIG. 4.

For an exemplary sidebar between participants3and5during a conference call between participants1–5, the audio input of the participants1,2and4are fed to the stereo mixer100and cross-connected as previously described. Thus, the stereo conference output stream104for participant1includes audio inputs from participants2and4. The stereo conference output stream104for participant2will include audio input from participants1and4. The stereo conference output stream104for participant3includes audio input from participants1,2and4. The stereo conference output stream104for participant4includes audio input from participants1and2. The stereo output stream104for participant5includes audio input from participants1,2and4.

The stereo conference output stream for participant3is fed to sidebar mixer140and combined with the audio input102of sidebar participant5to generate a stereo sidebar conference stream146. Similarly, the conference output stream104for sidebar participant5is fed to stereo mixer140and combined with the audio input102of participant3to generate a stereo sidebar conference output stream146for participant5. Thus, participants3and5may hear each other as well as the other conference call participants while the remaining conference call participants will hear only each other and not sidebar participants3or5.

Referring toFIG. 9, the stereo sidebar conference output stream146for sidebar participant5, for example, includes the audio input of other sidebar participant3in the foreground with the non-sidebar participants1,2and4in the background. The foreground position provides participant5or other listener160with the highest degree of intelligibility such that the listener may focus on sidebar participant3or other sidebar audio sources162while still hearing non-sidebar sources164in the background. It will be understood that sidebar participants162may be in the background and may be otherwise suitably positioned in the stereo sidebar conference output stream146or focused on relating to the non-sidebar participants without departing from the scope of the present invention.

Referring toFIG. 10, the directional processor106of the stereo mixer100includes a plurality of spatial processors180and the summer108includes a left and right channel summers182. The spatial processors180each present monaural sources at different locations in a binaural sound field using standard intensity panning and/or Head Related Transfer Function (HRTF) position filtering. The binaural sound streams each include left and right channels components184generating a perceived position such as, for example, back/left front/center and back/right. The left channel of each binaural stream is fed to the left channel summer182while the right channels are fed to the right channel summer182. The summers182generate a combined left stream186and combined right stream188including a perceived plurality of discrete audio inputs spatially positioned in two or three dimensional space relative to the listener. Further information regarding the directional processor106and summer108are provided in co-owned U.S. Pat. No. 6,011,851, which is hereby incorporated by reference. It will be understood that stereo mixer100and sidebar mixers140may be otherwise suitably implemented without departing from the scope of the present invention.

FIG. 11illustrates a method for providing a sidebar conference between conference call participants in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention. As previously described, the sidebar may be provided using monaural mixing or using stereo mixing with binaural presentation to spatially separate incoming monaural voice streams for improved intelligibility of multiple talkers by the listeners.

Referring toFIG. 11, the method begins at step200in which the request for a sidebar conference is received from a conference call participant. The requesting participant may use soft keys, a graphical user interface or other suitable user interface to signal selected participants that the requester wishes to engage in a sidebar. The request may be received directly by the conference bridge32or via the call manager30. At step202, the selected participants are queried as to whether they want to engage in the sidebar with a requesting participant. The selected participants may be signaled through visual or other suitable indicators at their terminals that a sidebar request has been received from the requesting, or initiating participant. The selected participant has the option to enter the sidebar by accepting through a non-audible or other suitable user interface acknowledgment. In one embodiment, if no reply is sent, the default is to not accept the sidebar conference.

Proceeding to decisional step204, if the selected participants do not accept the sidebar or for those selected participants not accepting the sidebar, the No branch of decisional step204leads to step205in which the initiating participant is informed that the requested sidebar has not been accepted. Step205leads to the end of the process with a conference call continuing as usual.

Returning to decisional step204, if the selected participants accept the sidebar or for those selected participants accepting the sidebar, the Yes branch of decisional step204leads to step206. At step206, the audio input of the sidebar participants is removed from the conference output streams of the remaining participants to allow the sidebar participants to speak privately. As previously described, the audio input to the sidebar participants may be removed from the conference output streams of the non-sidebar participants by rerouting the audio inputs or mixing them at a level of zero or substantially zero.

At step208, the audio input of sidebar participants is raised in prominence in the sidebar conference streams of each sidebar participant. In the stereo embodiment, the audio input of other sidebar participants is moved spatially from an equivalent position relative to non-sidebar participants to front and center or other position of higher prominence. During the sidebar, the sidebar participant's conversation is directed solely to the other sidebar participants even though the non-sidebar participants can continue to be heard in the background by the sidebar participants.

Next, at step210, the sidebar is terminated in its entirety or terminated for one or more sidebar participants who are exiting the sidebar where the sidebar includes more than two parties. The sidebar may be terminated by a sidebar participant and made known to the other sidebar participants through a non-audible or other suitable user interface signal. At step212, upon sidebar termination by each participant of the sidebar, the audio input of the exiting participant is added back to the conference output streams of all remaining participants and all participants are moved to positions of equal prominence or to the sidebar positions. Step212leads to the end of the process by which participants to a conference call may engage in a sidebar during the conference call and in which each participant has control over whether and when to engage in a sidebar and when to terminate or exit from the sidebar.