Circuit board and method for delivering program to plurality of circuit boards

A circuit board incorporable into an apparatus includes a substrate, a reception unit that is provided on the substrate and that wirelessly receives a function program for achieving a function, a storage unit that is provided on the substrate and to which a writing program for writing the function program received by the reception unit has been written in advance, a power supply provided on the substrate, and a power control unit that supplies power for receiving, with the reception unit, the function program and power for writing, on a basis of the writing program, the function program to the storage unit using the power supply without using an external power supply.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application is based on and claims priority under 35 USC 119 from Japanese Patent Application No. 2018-152602 filed Aug. 14, 2018.

BACKGROUND

(i) Technical Field

The present disclosure relates to a circuit board and a method for delivering a program to a plurality of circuit boards.

(ii) Related Art

In Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No. 2002-182939, a method for writing data to a memory is disclosed. The method includes a first process in which a first communication unit whose data transfer speed is relatively low is set to a state in which the first communication unit can transfer data, a second process in which, after the state is set, a first communication unit transfers, to a memory device, a program for activating a second communication unit whose data transfer speed is higher than that of the first communication unit, and a third process in which the second communication unit is operated using the program stored in the memory device and a writing unit writes, to the memory device, data to be written to the memory device.

In Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No. 2004-348178, a method for writing, during fabrication of an electronic apparatus that controls a control target apparatus in accordance with a control program, the control program to a storage unit of the electronic apparatus is disclosed. The method includes storing, in the storage unit, an inspection program for sequentially checking whether the control target apparatus controlled by the electronic apparatus can perform a plurality of certain operations in accordance with an instruction from the electronic apparatus and a writing program for writing the control program to the storage unit, sequentially inspecting, in accordance with inspection order specified by the inspection program, the control target apparatus in terms of the plurality of certain operations by executing an operation program stored in the storage unit each time inspection preparation for one of the plurality of certain operations of the control target apparatus is completed, and writing the control program to the storage unit by executing the writing program during the inspection preparation in the sequentially inspecting.

In Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No. 2012-088767, a method for updating a program incorporated into an electronic apparatus including electronic components is disclosed. The method includes obtaining common update data, which is part of update data for the program shared by a plurality of electronic apparatuses including electronic components of different types and models, collectively obtaining differential data between the common update data and update data for the program to be used for each of the plurality of electronic apparatuses, obtaining update procedure data that specifies a procedure for updating the program using the common update data and the differential data, obtaining types and models of the electronic components, and updating the program in accordance with the procedure specified by the update procedure data using the types and models of the electronic components obtained in the obtaining types and models of the electronic components, the common update data, and the differential data.

SUMMARY

Programs are often written to storage units included in circuit boards. If programs are written before circuit boards are incorporated into apparatuses, the circuit boards need to be set in a jig one by one, and the programs need to be written using a power supply of the jig, which takes time.

If programs are written after circuit boards are incorporated into apparatuses, the programs need to be written using power supplies provided for the apparatuses, and it takes time to activate the power supplies of the apparatuses.

Aspects of non-limiting embodiments of the present disclosure relate to a circuit board that allows a program to be written to a storage unit thereof without using an external power supply of a jig, an apparatus, or the like and a method for delivering a program to a plurality of substrates.

According to an aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a circuit board incorporable into an apparatus. The circuit board includes a substrate, a reception unit that is provided on the substrate and that wirelessly receives a function program for achieving a function, a storage unit that is provided on the substrate and to which a writing program for writing the function program received by the reception unit has been written in advance, a power supply provided on the substrate, and a power control unit that supplies power for receiving, with the reception unit, the function program and power for writing, on a basis of the writing program, the function program to the storage unit using the power supply without using an external power supply.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

An exemplary embodiment of the techniques in the present disclosure will be describe hereinafter with reference to the drawings. In the drawings, the same or equivalent components or parts are given the same reference numerals. Dimensional ratios in the drawings are exaggerated for convenience of description and might be different from actual ones.

FIG. 1is a diagram illustrating a circuit board according to the exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.

As illustrated inFIG. 1, a circuit board10can be incorporated into an apparatus20and, after the incorporation, controls the apparatus20. The apparatus20may be any type of apparatus into which a circuit board can be incorporated. The circuit board10includes a substrate11and is fabricated by mounting various components, such as a central processing unit (CPU), on the substrate11and connecting the components to one another through wiring.

The hardware configuration of the circuit board10will be described.

FIG. 2is a block diagram illustrating the hardware configuration of the circuit board10.

As illustrated inFIG. 2, the circuit board10includes the substrate11, a CPU12, a ROM13, a random-access memory (RAM)14, a low-power wide-area (LPWA) reception unit15, a communication interface16, and a battery17. The CPU12, the ROM13, the RAM14, the communication interface16, and the battery17are communicably connected to one another through a bus19. The circuit board10may include a flash memory or the like instead of, or in addition to, the ROM13.

The substrate11is an insulating board on or in which conductive wiring is provided. Electronic devices such as the CPU12, the ROM13, the RAM14, the LPWA reception unit15, the communication interface16, and the battery17are mounted on the substrate11.

The CPU12executes various programs and controls the other components. That is, for example, the CPU12reads a program (firmware) from the ROM13and executes the program using the RAM14as a working area. The CPU12controls the other components and performs various types of arithmetic processing in accordance with programs stored in the ROM13. In the present exemplary embodiment, the CPU12, as a power control unit, writes various pieces of firmware to the ROM13and supplies, using only the battery17, power for deletion to the ROM13and the LPWA reception unit15, which will be described later.

The ROM13, as a storage unit, stores various pieces of firmware (programs) and data. The RAM14temporarily stores a program or data as a working area.

The LPWA reception unit15is a receiver that wirelessly receives data using an LPWA technique. The LPWA reception unit15is capable of wirelessly transmitting data using the LPWA technique.

The communication interface16is used to communicate with another apparatus such as a firmware writing apparatus, which will be described later, and employs a standard such as Ethernet, fiber distributed data interface (FDDI), or Wi-Fi (registered trademark).

The battery17supplies, as a power supply, power for the CPU12to perform operations. The battery17is, for example, a coin-shaped cell. When firmware is received using the LPWA technique, the battery17supplies power to the ROM13and the LPWA reception unit15. As a result, the battery17achieves the communication based on the LPWA technique and the writing to and updating of the ROM13even if no power is supplied from any power supply other than the battery17.

When the circuit board10is fabricated and inspected and the apparatus20is manufactured, various pieces of firmware are written to or deleted from the circuit board10. These processes will be described in detail hereinafter.

Fabrication of Circuit Board10

FIG. 3is a flowchart illustrating a process in the fabrication of the circuit board10.FIG. 4is a diagram illustrating firmware stored in the ROM13during the fabrication of the circuit board10.

In the fabrication of the circuit board10, first, the substrate11on which at least the ROM13is mounted is prepared. The substrate11is then set in a dedicated jig by wire, and a ROM writer writes firmware (writing program: boot loader) for writing firmware to the ROM13(step S101). The writing firmware may be simultaneously written to a plurality of circuit boards10. After the writing of the firmware is completed, the circuit board10is removed from the jig.

Next, various electronic devices are mounted on the substrate11to fabricate the circuit board10(step S102). After step S102ends, the circuit board10has at least the hardware configuration illustrated inFIG. 2.

As illustrated inFIG. 4, as a result of the writing in step S101, the writing firmware is stored in the ROM13.

The fabricated circuit board10is then subjected to the inspection. The inspection of the circuit board10may be performed, for example, at a place (factory) different from one used to fabricate the circuit board10. In the fabrication of the circuit board10, therefore, it is sufficient if the writing firmware has been developed. In other words, in the fabrication of the circuit board10, an inspection program and control firmware relating to the operation of the apparatus20, which will be described later, are not necessary and need not be developed at this stage. A program developer, therefore, may develop programs flexibly in accordance with the progress of the processes.

Inspection of Circuit Board10

FIG. 5is a flowchart illustrating a process in the inspection of the circuit board10.FIG. 6is a diagram illustrating firmware stored in the ROM13during the inspection of the circuit board10.

In the inspection of the circuit board10, first, the writing firmware writes an inspection program (function test program) as a function program for achieving functions other than ones achieved by the writing firmware (step S201). The inspection program is a shipment inspection program for checking whether the electronic devices on the circuit board10operate normally. The inspection program is written wirelessly using the LPWA technique. The inspection program may be simultaneously written to a plurality of circuit boards10.

The circuit board10is inspected in accordance with the written inspection program (step S202). Here, the CPU12sequentially operates the electronic devices on the substrate11in accordance with the inspection program and determines, on the basis of responses obtained in the operations, whether the electronic devices operate normally. Results of the determinations may be transmitted to an inspection apparatus or the like, which is not illustrated, and reported to an operator.

After the inspection is completed, firmware is updated (step S203). More specifically, the inspection program is deleted from the ROM13, and control firmware writing firmware for writing the control firmware to the ROM13in a later process is written to the ROM13as a function program. The inspection program is deleted from the ROM13in accordance with an instruction wirelessly transmitted using the LPWA technique. The firmware is wirelessly transmitted using the LPWA technique and received by the LPWA reception unit15for updating. The inspection program need not necessarily be deleted from the ROM13.

As a result of the updating of the firmware in step S203, the circuit board10is completed and becomes ready for shipment.

The inspection program and the control firmware writing firmware written in steps S201and S203, respectively, are function programs, and the amount of data of these pieces of firmware is smaller than that of the control firmware, which is a program for controlling the apparatus20. The inspection program and the control firmware writing firmware may therefore be transferred through communication based on the LPWA technique, whose transfer speed is lower than in wired transmission. If the writing of the inspection program in step S201is performed in a waiting period before the inspection, for example, the writing of the inspection program is completed before a beginning of the inspection without the operator being aware of writing time. Similarly, if the updating of the firmware in step S203is performed in a waiting period before the shipment of the circuit board10, the updating of the firmware is completed before a beginning of the shipment without the operator being aware of the updating of the firmware. In addition, since the wireless LPWA technique is employed, for example, the firmware may be updated even if a plurality of circuit boards10have been packed up for the shipment.

As illustrated inFIG. 6, as a result of the writing in step S201, the inspection program is written to the ROM13. Furthermore, as a result of the updating in step S203, the inspection program is deleted from the ROM13and the firmware writing firmware is written to the ROM13.

FIG. 7is a diagram illustrating simultaneous writing to circuit boards10.

During inspection, the circuit boards10are held by dedicated fabrication jigs one by one or in units of several boards. In other cases, the circuit boards10are stored in a box50illustrated inFIG. 7. The box50stores the circuit boards10such that the circuit boards10do not come into contact with one another.

In the box50, the circuit boards10wirelessly communicate with a firmware updating (writing) apparatus60using the LPWA technique. As a result of the wireless communication, the writing in step S201and the updating in step S203are simultaneously performed on all the circuit boards10in the box50. In other words, the firmware updating apparatus60simultaneously transmits a function program to the communication interfaces16of the circuit boards10. The circuit boards10can receive firmware using the LPWA technique even if the circuit boards10are not stored in the box50. For example, the updating of firmware and other operations may be performed even if the circuit boards10have been packed up for shipment.

Manufacture of Apparatus20

FIG. 8is a flowchart illustrating a process in the manufacture of the apparatus20.FIG. 9is a diagram illustrating firmware stored in the ROM13during the manufacture of the apparatus20.

In the manufacture of the apparatus20, the circuit board10is incorporated into the apparatus20or the like (step S301).

The circuit board10incorporated into the apparatus20is set in a certain jig, and the writing firmware writes the control firmware (control program) for controlling the apparatus20to the ROM13(step S302). Here, a jig connected to a universal serial bus (USB) port of the apparatus20, for example, writes the control firmware to the ROM13of the circuit board10. At this time, even if the apparatus20is not connected to a power supply, the jig can write the control firmware to the ROM13using power from the battery17on the substrate11or power thereof. Alternatively, the circuit board10may be connected to the jig by wire, and the jig may write the control firmware to the ROM13using the power thereof.

Lastly, the apparatus20is subjected to pre-shipment inspection (step S303). The pre-shipment inspection is performed to determine whether the components and functions of the apparatus20operate normally. Here, for example, whether there is a problem in a panel user interface (UI), scanning hardware, or the like is checked. The pre-shipment inspection of the apparatus20is performed by activating the apparatus20in a diagnosis mode using a diagnostic program included in the control firmware and giving a diagnosis through an operation using the panel UI.

After the pre-shipment inspection, the apparatus20is disconnected from the certain jig and packed up for shipment. The firmware might be updated while a power supply is not connected to the apparatus20. For example, a firmware developer might address a problem or upgrade the firmware in order to add a new function to the apparatus20or improve an existing function. If the firmware is to be updated (YES in step S304), the firmware updating apparatus60transmits a firmware update program using the LPWA technique. The LPWA reception unit15of the circuit board10incorporated into the apparatus20receives the firmware update program, and the substrate11operates on the basis of the firmware writing firmware to update the firmware in the ROM13(step S305). Since the apparatus20has been disconnected from the apparatus20, the battery17supplies power used for the updating to the CPU12, the ROM13, and the LPWA reception unit15. The LPWA reception unit15may thus receive the firmware update program without a power supply of the apparatus20even after the circuit board10is incorporated into the apparatus20. The firmware to be updated may be the control firmware or a function program for achieving other functions.

As illustrated inFIG. 9, as a result of the writing in step S302, the control firmware is written to the ROM13. InFIG. 9, a function program other than the inspection program may remain in the ROM13. In this case, the function program may be written to the ROM13in step S201, S203, S302, S305, or the like.

As described above, a dedicated hardware circuit can achieve the writing and updating of the firmware. At this time, only one piece of hardware or a plurality of pieces of hardware may be used.

The programs for writing and updating the firmware may be provided in a computer readable medium such as a USB memory, a flexible disk, or a compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), or may be provided online through a network such as the Internet. In this case, the programs stored in the computer readable medium are usually transferred to and stored in a memory, a storage, or the like.