Fastening device

An improved fastening device is disclosed for securing within an aperture of a workpiece. The invention comprises a longitudinally extending body member for insertion within the aperture of the workpiece. The fastening device includes a locking shoulder secured to the longitudinally extending body member such that the shoulder is spaced relative to a surface of the workpiece by resilient material. A groove is disposed in the body member for receiving the resilient material for coacting between the body member and the workpiece for reducing undesired movement therebetween. In an alternative embodiment of the invention a fastening device is disclosed for the reception therein of a thermo-setting material, the device being secured within a plurality of apertures defined by a multi-layered workpiece. The fastening device includes a first lamina member which defines a first plurality of transverse bores each of which are aligned with an aperture of the plurality of apertures. A plurality of elongate members each having a first and a second end are secured with the first end of each of the elongate members being disposed within one of the plurality of bores such that there is a clearance between the workpiece and each of the elongate members. The clearance is filled with the thermo-setting material so that there is no contact between the workpiece and the elongate members.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
1. Field of the Invention 
This invention relates to fasting devices. More particularly, this 
invention relates to fastening devices for fastening together a 
multilayered workpiece in which the fastening device receives therein a 
thermo-setting material, the device being secured within a plurality of 
apertures defined by a multi-layered workpiece or the like. 
2. Information Disclosure Statement 
A common source of failure of conventional metallic fasteners is caused by 
the vibration or movement between the metallic fastening device and the 
metallic workpiece. This movement results in fatiguing and the wear of the 
metallic fastening device which enables further movement resulting in 
further deterioration of the fastening device. Various types of means and 
methods have been provided in the prior art for eliminating this undesired 
movement between a metallic fastening device and a metallic workpiece. 
Some examples of patents which are pertinent to the instant invention 
include U.S. Pat. Nos. 207,871, 2,408,559, 2,410,398, 2,417,262, 
2,453,994, 2568,075, 2,677,149, 2,928,446, 2,989,107, 3,362,276, 
3,293,977, 4,088,327, 4,140,742, 4,163,812, 4,183,974 and 4,189,369. 
Although these prior art patents have solved some of the needs of the prior 
art, none of these patents have successfully provided a simple and 
efficient fastening device for securing within an aperture of a workpiece 
for reducing the undesired movement therebetween. 
Particularly in the aircraft industry, it has been customary to rivet 
juxtaposed plates together. These prior art rivets have often included a 
head portion protruding from the smooth surface of the plate being 
riveted. Such protruding heads not only detract from the aesthetic 
appearance of the aircraft, but more particularly present a resistance to 
air flow resulting in increased fuel costs and a reduction in maximum 
relative speed of the aircraft. 
Although in the prior art various proposals have been disclosed for blind 
riveting aircraft plates having countersunk heads, these prior art 
proposals have necessitated the employment of relatively complex riveting 
equipment. Furthermore, a need has existed in the art for flexibly bonding 
together adjacent plates in the aircraft industry because it has been 
found that such flexible bonding reduces the amount of metal fatigue that 
has been associated with the prior art riveted plates. 
The present invention provides a fastening device which enables a plurality 
of metal plates or lamina to be flexibly bonded together by means of a 
plurality of elongate members which define channels for the insertion 
therein of a thermo-setting resin or the like such that there is a 
clearance between the elongate members and the metal plates, the clearance 
being filled with the resin. 
Therefore it is an object of this invention to provide an apparatus which 
overcomes the aforementioned inadequacies of the prior art devices and 
provides an improvement which is a significant contribution of the 
advancement of the fastening art. 
Another object of this invention is to provide a fastening device for 
securing within aperture of a workpiece having a groove disposed along a 
longitudinally extending body member of the fastening device for receiving 
a resilient material within the groove for co-acting between the body 
member and the workpiece for reducing undesired movement thereby. 
Another object of this invention is to provide a fastening device for 
securing within an aperture of a workpiece incorporating a thermal 
liquifying material within the groove to seal the fastening device to the 
workpiece upon the application of heat. 
Another object of this invention is to provide a fastening device for 
securing within an aperture of a workpiece including a thermal expandable 
material disposed within the groove of the fastening device to seal the 
fastening device to the workpiece upon the application of heat. 
Another object of this invention is to provide a fastening device for 
securing within an aperture of a workpiece wherein a resilient material is 
injected between the fastening device and the workpiece after insertion of 
the fastening device into the aperture of the workpiece. 
Another object of this invention is to provide a fastening device for 
securing within an aperture of a workpiece including an aperture extending 
through a fastener head of the fastening device and in fluid communication 
with the grooves extending along a longitudinally extending body member of 
the workpiece enabling a resilient material to be introduced through the 
fastening head aperture to fill the groove and region between the 
fastening device and the workpiece to reduce vibration therebetween, the 
resilient material being disposed between the workpiece and the fastening 
device such that the workpiece does not contact the fastening device. 
Another object of this invention is to provide a method of installing a 
rivet into an aperture of a workpiece by inserting the rivet into the 
aperture of the workpiece and deforming the rivet into the aperture of the 
workpiece and subsequently injecting a resilient material through a head 
aperture in the rivet to resiliently engage the rivet to the workpiece. 
Another object of the present invention is to provide a fastening device 
for fastening together a multi-layered workpiece that overcomes the 
aforementioned inadequacies of the prior art devices and provides an 
improvement which significantly contributes to the reduction in wind 
resistance of the fastened workpiece and the inhibition of metal fatigue. 
Another object of the present invention is the provision of a fastening 
device for the reception therein of a thermo-setting material in which the 
thermo-setting material is injected within a channel extending through the 
fastening device such that the thermo-setting material fills the 
interstices between the multi-layers of the workpiece and the fastening 
device. 
Another object of the present invention is the provision of a fastening 
device which includes a first lamina member which defines a plurality of 
transverse bores each of which are aligned with an aperture of the 
plurality of apertures defined by the multi-layered workpiece and a 
plurality of elongate members secured to the first lamina member and 
extending through the respective apertures such that the thermo-setting 
resin flows along an internal channel of the elongate member to fill the 
interstices between the multi-layers and the elongate members. 
Another object of the present invention is the provision of a fastening 
device in which the channel extends from a first end of the elongate 
member towards the second end thereof and a plurality of lateral holes 
radiate from the longitudinal channel to the outer surface of the elongate 
member such that the thermo-setting material flows through the channel and 
through the lateral holes to fill the interstices between the apertures 
and the elongate members. 
Another object of the present invention is the provision of a fastening 
device in which the first lamina member is planar and includes a sprue and 
a plurality of radially extending passages defined by the first lamina 
member such that each of the passages extends radially from the sprue to 
one of the channels so that the thermo-setting material is injected 
through the sprue and flows along each of the passages and along each of 
the channels and holes to fill interstices between the plurality of 
apertures and the elongate members for fastening the layers of the 
workpiece together. 
Another object of the present invention is the provision of a fastening 
device in which the elongate members each further include a plurality of 
annular grooves, each of the grooves being located along the length of the 
elongate member such that material flowing laterally out of the holes 
flows around the grooves before flowing into the interstices between the 
plurality of apertures and the elongate members within the apertures. 
Another object of the present invention is the provision of a fastening 
device including a second lamina member which defines a second plurality 
of transverse bores each of which are aligned with an aperture of the 
plurality of apertures defined by the workpiece such that the second ends 
of each of the plurality of elongate members are secured within a bore of 
the second plurality of bores when the elongate members extend through the 
workpiece. 
Another object of the present invention is the provision of a fastening 
device in which at least some of the lateral holes terminate within the 
bores of the second plurality of bores such that a portion of the 
thermo-setting material fills the interstices between the second end of 
each of the elongate members and the bores of the second lamina member. 
Another object of the present invention is the provision of a method of 
fastening together a plurality of layers of a workpiece. The method 
includes clamping the first lamina member against the workpiece and 
drilling a plurality of bores therethrough, inserting the elongate members 
within the bores of the first lamina member, inserting the second ends of 
the elongate members within the apertures formed in the workpiece and 
injecting thermo-setting material into the longitudinal channels to fill 
the interstices between the apertures of the workpiece and the elongate 
members such that the workpiece and elongate members are spaced relative 
to each other by the thermo-setting material. 
The foregoing has outlined some of the more pertinent objects of the 
invention. These objects should be construed to be merely illustrative of 
some of the more prominent features and applications of the intended 
invention. Many other beneficial results can be attained by applying the 
disclosed invention in a different manner or modifying the invention 
within the scope of the disclosure. Accordingly, other objects and a 
further understanding of the invention may be had by referring to the 
summary of the invention and the detailed description describing the 
preferred embodiment in addition to the scope of the invention defined by 
the claims taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. 
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
The invention is defined by the appended claims in a specific embodiment 
shown in the attached drawings. For the purpose of summarizing the 
invention, the invention may be incorporated into a fastening device for 
securing within an aperture of a workpiece comprising a longitudinally 
extending body member for insertion within the aperture of the workpiece. 
A locking shoulder is secured to the longitudinally extending body member 
for engagement within the workpiece. A groove is disposed in the 
longitudinally extending body member for receiving a resilient means 
established in the groove for co-acting between the longitudinally 
extending member and the workpiece for reducing undesired movement 
therebetween. 
In a more specific embodiment of the invention, the fastening device may 
comprise a metallic body member with the metallic locking means including 
a shoulder extending radially outward from the cylindrical member forming 
a fastener head. The groove communicates through an aperture in the 
fastener head for enabling introduction of the resilient means after 
insertion of the fastener in the aperture of the workpiece. The grooves 
may be disposed in the surface of the cylindrical body member of the 
fastening device and may extend as a helix along the outer cylindrical 
surface or may comprise a plurality of annular grooves intermittently 
spaced along the cylindrical body member. In either case, the grooves 
communicate through a passage to the aperture in the fastener head. 
The resilient means may be secured to the fastening device prior to the 
insertion or may be injected after insertion of the fastening device 
within the workpiece. The resilient means may include a thermal liquifying 
material to seal the fastening device of the workpiece upon application of 
heat. In the alternative, the resilient means may include a thermal 
expandable material to seal the fastening device to the workpiece upon 
application of heat. In still a further embodiment, the resilient means 
may include a resilient adhesive. 
The invention also is incorporated in the method of installing a fastening 
device having a fastening head into an aperture of a workpiece comprising 
the steps of inserting the fastening device into the aperture of the 
workpiece. The fastening device is then secured within the aperture of the 
workpiece by mechanical means. A resilient material is then injected 
between the fastening device and the workpiece for sealing the fastening 
device to the workpiece. 
Another embodiment of the present invention relates to a fastening device 
and a method of fastening a multi-layered workpiece in which the fastening 
device defines means for the reception therein of a thermosetting 
material. The fastening device includes a first lamina member defining a 
first plurality of transverse bores such that each of the bores is aligned 
with an aperture of the plurality of apertures. A plurality of elongate 
members each includes a first and a second end with the first end of each 
of the elongate members being secured within one of the plurality of 
bores. Each of the elongate members defines a longitudinal channel which 
extends from the first end of the elongate member towards the second end 
thereof. The channel terminates before the second end of the elongate 
member. Each of the elongate members also includes a plurality of lateral 
holes which extend from the channel to the outer surface of the elongate 
member such that when the thermo-setting material is inserted within the 
channels the material flows along the channels laterally along the holes 
to fill the interstices between the plurality of apertures and the 
elongate members within the apertures for maintaining a clearance between 
the workpiece and the elongate members and for fastening the layers of the 
workpiece together. 
In a more specific embodiment of the present invention, the first lamina 
member which is planar further includes a sprue defined by one of the 
surface of the lamina member and a plurality of radially extending 
passages defined by the lamina member such that each of the passages 
extends radially from the sprue to one of the channels. The first end of 
each of the channels is plugged such that when the thermo-setting material 
is injected through the sprue the material flows along each of the 
passages and along each of the channels and holes to fill the interstices 
between the plurality of apertures and the elongate members for 
maintaining a clearance between the workpiece and the elongate members and 
for fastening the layers of the workpiece together. The longitudinal axis 
of each of the bores is normal to the longitudinal plane of the first 
lamina member and the cross sectional area of each of the elongate members 
is constant and less than the cross sectional area of each of the 
corresponding apertures in the workpiece. 
The first end of each of the elongate members threadably cooperates with 
one of the bores defined by the first lamina member and a plurality of 
annular grooves are defined by and are disposed along the length of the 
elongate member such that material flowing laterally out of the holes 
flows around the grooves before flowing into the interstices between the 
plurality of apertures and the elongate members within the apertures. 
In further alternative embodiment of the invention a second lamina member 
defines a second plurality of transverse bores each of the second 
plurality of bores being aligned with an aperture of the plurality of 
apertures in the workpiece such that the second ends of each of the 
plurality of elongate members are secured within a bore of the second 
plurality of bores when the elongate member extend through the workpiece. 
At least some of the lateral holes terminate within the bores of the 
second plurality of bores such that a portion of the thermo-setting 
material fills the interstices between the second end of each of the 
elongate members and the bores of the second lamina member to fill the 
clearance between the workpiece and the elongate members. 
The method of fastening together a multi-layered workpiece includes 
clamping the first lamina member to the workpiece and drilling a plurality 
of bores therethrough. The first lamina member is unclamped from the 
workpiece and the elongate members are threaded into the bores of the 
first plurality of bores defined by the first lamina member. The second 
ends of the elongate members are guided through the plurality of apertures 
defined by the workpiece and a thermo-setting material is injected through 
the longitudinal channel when the first lamina member and the workpiece 
are juxtaposed relative each other. The thermo-setting material flows 
along the channel and through the holes to fill the interstices between 
the apertures and the adjacent elongate members for filling the clearance 
between the workpiece and the elongate members. 
The foregoing has outlined rather broadly the more pertinent and important 
features of the present invention in order that the detailed description 
of the invention that follows may be better understood so that the present 
contribution to the art can be more fully appreciated. Additional features 
of the invention will be described hereinafter which form the subject of 
the claim of the invention. It should be appreciated by those skilled in 
the art that the conception and the specific embodiment disclosed may be 
readily utilized as a basis for modifying or designing other structures 
for carrying out the same purposes of the present invention. It should 
also be realized by those skilled in the art that such equivalent 
constructions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the invention as 
set forth in appended claims.

Similar reference characters refer to similar parts throughout the several 
views of the drawings. 
DETAILED DISCUSSION 
FIG. 1 is a plan view of a fastening device 10 for securing within an 
aperture 12 shown in FIG. 2 of a workpiece 13 and 14. The fastening device 
comprises a longitudinally extending body member 16 preferably made of a 
metallic material such as copper, aluminum, brass, steel and the like 
having a fastening head 18 integrally attached thereto forming a locking 
means shown as a locking shoulder 20. The body member 16 is substantially 
cylindrical about an axis 22 with the shoulder 20 extending radially 
outwardly therefrom. 
The invention comprises groove means 24 in this embodiment shown as a helix 
extending along the longitudinally extending body member 16 for receiving 
a resilient means 26 such as a resilient material which is secured to the 
groove means 24 by various means which are well known in the art. 
FIG. 2 illustrates the insertion of the fastening device 10 within the 
aperture 12 of the workpiece 13 and 14 whereby the locking shoulder 20 
engages a surface 28 of workpiece 13. The lower portion of the body member 
16 is deformed at 30 creating a shoulder 32 to engage a bottom surface 33 
of workpiece 14. It should be appreciated that the shoulder 32 and 20 
engaging surfaces 28 and 33 mechanically secure the fastening device to 
the workpiece 13 and 14. 
The cylindrical body member 15 is slightly smaller is diameter than the 
aperture 12 enabling the resilient means 26 to engage the surfaces of the 
aperture 12 to thereby reduce mechanical abrasion between the workpieces 
13 and 14 and the fastening device 10. The resilient means 26 is disposed 
between the workpiece and the member 16 such that the resilient means 26 
fills the clearance between the workpiece and the member 16. This 
reduction is abrasion substantially reduces fatiguing of the metallic 
fastening device which typically results in failure. FIGS. 1 and 2 
illustrate an embodiment of the invention wherein the resilient means is 
installed on the fastening device prior to insertion within a workpiece. 
FIGS. 3-6 illustrate a second embodiment of the invention wherein the 
resilient means is injected between the fastening device and the workpiece 
after insertion of the fastening device within the workpiece aperture. In 
this embodiment the fastening device 10A is adapted for insertion within 
an aperture 12A of workpieces 13A and 14A and comprises a longitudinally 
extending body member 16A having a fastening head 18A defining a locking 
shoulder 20A. A helical shaped groove 24A is disposed in the cylindrical 
surface of the body member 16A and is connected by passages 34A and 36A to 
an aperture 38A. 
FIG. 5 illustrates the securing of the fastening device 10A to the 
workpieces 13A and 14A. Shoulder 20A is abutted against surface 28a of 
workpiece 13A whereas the lower portion of the body member 10A is deformed 
at 30A to provide shoulder 32A for abutment with surface 33A of workpiece 
14A. Thereafter a resilient material 26A is injected through aperture 38A 
to flow along passages 36A and 34A to fill groove 24A to provide a 
resilient engagement between the fastening device 10A and the workpieces 
13A and 14A. The resilient material 26A fills the clearance between the 
workpieces and the fastening devices 10A such that no contact between the 
device 10A and the workpieces exists except through the material 26A. The 
resilient material 26A may be restricted to the region in proximity to the 
grooves 24A as shown or may be injected to fill other voids between the 
body member 16A and the aperture 12A, depending upon the particular 
application. 
FIGS. 7-9 illustrate a further embodiment of the invention comprising a 
fastening device 10B having a body member 16B with a head 18B defining a 
locking shoulder 20B. In this embodiment, a plurality of intermittently 
spaced annular grooves 24B are connected by passages 34B and a central 
passage 36B to an aperture 38B. 
FIGS. 10 and 11 illustrate the securing of the fastening device 10 into 
workpieces 13B and 14B. Shoulder 20B engages surface 28B with the lower 
portion of the body member 16B being deformed at 30B creating a shoulder 
32B for engagement with surface 33B of workpiece 14B. Shoulders 20B and 
32B create a seal with surfaces 28B and 33B of the workpieces 13B and 14B. 
The resilient material 26B is then injected through aperture 38B to flow 
along passage 36 and passage 34 to provide the resilient material between 
the fastening device 10B and the workpieces 13B and 14B. The illustration 
of FIG. 10 shows the resilient material being disposed only adjacent the 
grooves 23, but it is understood that continuing injection of the 
resilient material will result in further resilient material being 
disposed between the fastening device 10B and the workpieces 13B and 14B. 
In both cases the resilient material 26B maintains clearance between the 
workpieces and the fastening device 10B. 
FIGS. 12-15 illustrate still a fourth embodiment of the invention showing a 
fastening device 10C having a body member 16C and a fastening head 18C 
defining a locking shoulder 10C. A groove 24C is disposed in the shoulder 
surface 20C with passages 34C interconnected to a central passage 36C 
terminating in an aperture 38C. FIGS. 14 and 15 illustrate the securing of 
the fastening device 10C within the workpieces 13C and 14C. Shoulder 
surface 20C is abutting surface 28C of workpiece 13C whereas the lower 
portion of the body member 16C is deformed at 30C to create a shoulder 32C 
to engage surface 33C of workpiece 14C. The diameter of the cylindrical 
body member 16C is slightly smaller than the diameter of aperture 12C in 
workpieces 13C and 14C. Resilient material 26C is injected through 
aperture 38C to flow through central passages 36C and passage 34C to fill 
groove 24C. Continued injection results in resilient material flowing 
between the body member 16C and the workpieces 13C and 14C. A seal is 
formed by shoulder surface 20C and deformed shoulder 32C with the surfaces 
28C and 33C respectively. It should be appreciated by those skilled in the 
art that in this embodiment, the complete region between the fastening 
device and the workpieces 13C and 14C is filled with the resilient 
material to reduce any movement between the workpieces 13C and 14C and the 
fastening device 10C. 
FIGS. 16-18 illustrate the steps in a first method of securing a fastening 
device within an aperture of the workpiece. The fastening device is 
illustrated as the device shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, but it should be 
appreciated that the use of this device is merely for an example of the 
method wherein the resilient means is fixed to the fastening device prior 
to insertion within the workpiece. 
FIG. 16 illustrates the workpieces 13 and 14 and the fastening device 10 
with the resilient means 26 affixed thereto. The resilient means 26 may be 
affixed by molding or adhesive or other similar means which are well known 
to the art. 
FIG. 17 illustrates the insertion of the fastening device 10 within the 
aperture 12 of workpieces 13 and 14 with the resilient means 26 engaging 
the aperture surfaces 12. 
FIG. 18 illustrates the formation of the lower portion of the body member 
16 at 30 creating a shoulder 32 to engage surface 33 of workpiece 14 
concomitantly with locking shoulder 20 engaging surface 28 of workpiece 
13. 
FIGS. 19-23 illustrate the steps of a second method of affixing a fastening 
device to an aperture within a workpiece. In this example, the fastening 
device is identical to that shown in FIGS. 7-11, but it should be 
appreciated by those skilled in the art that numerous other variations of 
mechanical fasteners may be incorporated utilizing the concept wherein the 
resilient means is injected through the fastening device subsequently to 
insertion within the workpiece. 
FIG. 19 illustrates the fastening device 10B void of any resilient material 
thereon positioned over the workpieces 13B and 14B. 
FIG. 20 illustrates the insertion of the workpiece 10B into the aperture 
12B of workpieces 13B and 14B. 
FIG. 21 illustrates the deformation of the body member 16B at 30B forming 
shoulder 32B for engagement with surface 33B of workpiece 14B. Shoulder 
20B is similarly in engagement with surface 28B of workpiece 13B. 
FIG. 22 illustrates the result of injection of resilient material through 
aperture 38B for filling grooves 24B as explained heretofore. In this 
example, only the region adjacent the grooves has been filled with 
resilient material but it should be understood that this method is 
suitable for use with either a partial or complete filling of the void 
between the fastening device and the workpiece. 
FIG. 23 demonstrates the optional step of heating the fastening device as 
illustrated by the arrows 40 for use with a thermo-expandable or 
thermo-setting resilient material. It should also be understood that 
various types of material may be incorporated into this invention 
including epoxys, thermo-adhesives, preheated thermo expanding adhesives 
and the like. It should also be understood that the injection of material 
may take place subsequent to the deformation of the body member as shown 
in FIGS. 21 and 22 or, in the alternative, injection may be accomplished 
simultaneously with the deformation. Various other arrangement and 
variations may be resorted to without departing from this invention. 
FIG. 24 is a perspective view of the fastening device generally designated 
100 of a fifth embodiment of the present invention. The fastening device 
100 includes a first lamina member 102 having a first plurality of bores 
103, 104, 105 and 106 drilled normal therethrough. The first laminar 
member 102 is planar and of square configuration. Four elongate member 
107, 108, 109 and 100 extend normally from the bores 103 to 106. Each of 
the elongate member 107 to 110 include a first and second end 112 and 114 
respectively. The first ends 112 of the elongate members 108 to 110 are 
secured within the bores 103-106 of the elongate members 107 to 110. 
As shown in FIG. 25 which is a sectional view taken on the line 25--25 of 
24, the first ends 112 of the elongate members 107 and 108 are threadably 
engaged within the first lamina member 102. Each of the elongate members 
107 to 110 include a longitudinal channel 116 which extends from the first 
end 112 of the elongate members 107 and 108 towards the second end 114 
thereof. The channel 116 terminates before the second end 114 of the 
elongate member 107 and 108. A plurality of lateral holes 117, 118, 119 
and 120 radiate from the longitudinal channel 116 and terminate at the 
outer surface 122 of the elongate members 107 and 108. A plurality of 
layers 123 and 124 of a workpiece generally designated 126 each includes a 
plurality of apertures 127, 128, 129 and 130 which are aligned with the 
bores 103 and 104 such that the second ends 114 of the elongate members 
107 and 108 may be guided through the apertures 127-130 until the first 
lamina member 102 is disposed adjacent to the layer 123. A thermo-setting 
material such as an epoxy resin is injected into the longitudinal channel 
116 at the first end 112 of the elongate members 107 and 108 and the resin 
(not shown) flows along the longitudinal channel 16 and laterally through 
the holes 117-120 to fill the interstices between the apertures 127 to 130 
and the elongate members 107 and 108. The resin fills the clearance 
between the workpiece and the elongate members such that no contact 
between the workpiece and the elongate members exists except through the 
resin. 
FIG. 26 is an enlarged sectional view of a sixth embodiment of the present 
invention and shows an elongate member 207 which defines a plurality of 
annular grooves 231 and 232 disposed along the length of the elongate 
member 207 such that the annular grooves 231 and 232 communicate with the 
lateral holes 217 and 218 respectively such that resin flowing along the 
channel 216 and through the lateral holes 217 and 218 passes around the 
annular grooves 231 and 232 before filling the interstices disposed 
between the apertures 227 and 228 and the elongate member 207. 
FIG. 27 shows a perspective view of a seventh embodiment of the present 
invention in which one surface 334 of the first lamina member 302 defines 
a sprue 336 for simultaneously injecting the resin within each of the 
channels of each of the elongate members 307, 308, 309, and 310. 
FIG. 28 is a sectional view taken on the line 28--28 of FIG. 27 and shows 
the sprue 336 defined by the outer surface 334 of the first lamina member 
302. A plurality of passages 338 and 340 extend radially from the sprue 
336 and communicate with the channels 316 of the elongate members 307 and 
308 adjacent the first ends 312 of the elongate members. The first ends 
312 of the longitudinal members 307 and 308 are plugged by plugs 342 and 
344 respectively such that when resin is injected into the sprue 336 resin 
will flow radially through the passages 338 and 340 and will flow along 
the channels 316 and laterally through the holes 317, 318, 319 and 320 and 
around the annular grooves 331 and 332 to fill the interstices between the 
layers 323 and 324 and the elongate members 307 and 308. 
FIG. 29 is an eighth alternative embodiment of the present invention and is 
similar to the embodiment shown in FIG. 28 but shows a second lamina 
member 446 which defines bores 448 and 450 of a second plurality of bores 
which are aligned with the apertures 427, 428, 429 and 430 defined by the 
workpiece 426. The second ends 414 of elongate members 407 and 408 extend 
through the bores 448 and 450 and a plurality of further lateral holes 452 
and 454 extend radially from the channels 416 to a further annular groove 
456 which is disposed within the bores 448 and 450 such that when resin 
flows through the longitudinal channels 416 and laterally through the 
holes 452 and 454 the annular groove 456 is filled prior to the resin 
flowing between the interstices between the second lamina member 446 and 
the second end 414 of the elongate members 407 and 408 of the fifth 
embodiment. 
In each of the sixth, seventh and eighth embodiment an essential feature of 
the present invention resides in the provision of a clearance between the 
workpiece and the elongate members, such clearance being filled with 
resin. 
In operation of the fastening device 100, the first lamina member 102 is 
clamped to the workpiece 126 and a plurality of bores are drilled through 
the adjacent first lamina member and workpiece. A threaded first end of 
the elongate members 107 and 108 threadably engage the bores 103 and 104 
and the second end 114 of each of the elongate members 107 and 108 are 
guided through the apertures 127 and 128 of the workpiece 126 until the 
first layer 123 of the workpiece 126 is disposed adjacent to the first 
lamina member 102. A thermo-setting resin is injected through the 
longitudinally channels 116 adjacent the first end 112 of the longitudinal 
channels 116 such that the resin flows along the longitudinal channel and 
flows laterally along the lateral 117 and 118 holes to fill the 
interstices between the apertures of the workpiece and the longitudinal 
member. 
In the sixth alternative embodiment the resin flows from the lateral holes 
and around the annular grooves 231 and 232 before the flowing into the 
interstices between the apertures and the elongate members. 
The seventh alternative embodiment includes inserting the elongate members 
307 and 308 through the apertures in the workpiece as in the other 
embodiments of the present invention but instead of individually injecting 
the resin through each of the individual channels, the resin is 
simultaneously injected into all of the channels by injecting the resin 
through the sprue 336 such that the resin flows radially through the 
passages 338 and 340 which are in communication with the respective 
longitudinal channels. 
In operation of the eighth embodiment of the present invention, the second 
ends of the elongate members 407 and 408 are inserted through the bores 
448 and 450 of the second plurality of bores after the workpiece has been 
connected to the longitudinal members, thereafter the resin is 
simultaneously injected within each of the longitudinal channels 116 from 
the sprue 436 and the passages 438 to 440 and the resin flows laterally 
through the holes 452 and 454 and around the annular groove 456 before 
filling the interstices between the bores 448 and 450 and the second end 
414 of the elongate members 407 and 408. 
The fifth to eighth embodiments of the present invention provide a 
fastening device for fastening together a plurality of layers of a 
workpiece to provide a completely smooth surface, thereby reducing wind 
resistance or the like. Furthermore, the present invention provides a 
flexible bond between the elongate members and the workpiece which reduces 
the metal fatigue between the layers of the workpiece. 
The present disclosure includes that contained in the appended claims as 
well as that of the foregoing description. Although this invention has 
been described in its preferred form with a certain degree of 
particularity, it is understood that the present disclosure of the 
preferred form has been made only by way of example and that numerous 
changes in the details of construction and the combination and arrangement 
of parts may be resorted to without departing from the spirit and scope of 
the invention.