CENTRAL UNIT AND REMOTE UNIT

The present disclosure relates to central units and remote units. One example central unit includes at least one digital-to-analog converter (DAC), at least one first electro-optical converter configured to convert an analog electrical signal output by the DAC into an analog optical signal, at least one first optical processor configured to process the analog optical signal output by the first electro-optical converter, where the first optical processor includes at least one of at least one first optical filter, at least one first optical phase shifter, and at least one first optical power amplifier, a first multiplexer configured to combine analog optical signals output by the first optical processor into one analog optical signal, and a first demultiplexer configured to decompose the one analog optical signal into multiple analog optical signals at different wavelengths.

TECHNICAL FIELD

This application relates to the communications field, and more specifically, to a central unit and a remote unit.

BACKGROUND

In recent years, wired optical communications technologies rapidly develop in fields such as data centers, metropolitan area networks, and fronthaul links of wireless communications systems. In wired optical communication, an electrical signal at a transmit end is modulated into an optical signal by an electro-optical modulator, then the optical signal is propagated through an optical fiber, and finally the optical signal at a receive end is converted into an electrical signal by an optical-to-electrical converter.

Currently, the fronthaul link of the wireless communications system includes many electronic components (for example, an intermediate frequency module and a radio frequency module) regardless of whether wired digital optical communication or wired analog optical communication is used. The wireless communications system gradually develops toward multi-frequency band or high-frequency. When the fronthaul link of the wireless communications system needs to support a multi-frequency band or high-frequency system, performance such as frequencies and bandwidths of the electronic components is limited due to a limitation of a physical material process and the like of the electronic components. As a result, these electronic components cannot well support the multi-frequency band or high-frequency system. This is an urgent problem to be resolved.

SUMMARY

This application provides a central unit and a remote unit. An optical processing component is disposed in each of the central unit and the remote unit, so that the central unit and the remote unit can support multi-frequency band or high-frequency communication when the central unit and the remote unit use a wired analog optical communications technology. This ensures communication quality and efficiency in a multi-frequency band or high-frequency system.

According to a first aspect, a central unit is provided, where the central unit includes:

at least one digital-to-analog converter (DAC), where the DAC is configured to convert a digital electrical signal into an analog electrical signal;

at least one first electro-optical module, where the first electro-optical module is configured to: obtain the analog electrical signal output by the DAC, and convert the analog electrical signal into an analog optical signal;

at least one first optical processing module, where the first optical processing module is configured to: obtain the analog optical signal output by the first electro-optical module, and output an analog optical signal processed by the first optical processing module; and the first optical processing module includes at least one of: at least one first optical filter, at least one first optical phase shifter, and at least one first optical power amplifier;

a first multiplexer, configured to combine analog optical signals output by the first optical processing module into one analog optical signal; and/or

a first demultiplexer, configured to decompose the one analog optical signal into a plurality of analog optical signals at different wavelengths;

at least one first optical-electrical module, where the first optical-electrical module is configured to convert an analog optical signal at one wavelength into an analog electrical signal; and

at least one analog-to-digital converter (ADC), where the ADC is configured to convert the analog electrical signal output by the first optical-electrical module into a digital electrical signal.

According to the central unit provided in the first aspect, at least one optical-electrical component of an optical power amplifier, an optical filter, and an optical phase shifter is disposed in a transmit link of the central unit, and a sequence of the optical power amplifier, the optical filter, and the optical phase shifter is adjustable, so that the transmit link of the central unit can support multi-frequency band or high-frequency communication when the central unit uses a wired analog optical communications technology. This ensures communication quality and efficiency of the central unit in a multi-frequency band or high-frequency system, and improves communication efficiency of the central unit. In addition, because an optical component is easy to integrate, a chip may be used for control. Therefore, the central unit may be controlled by using a miniaturized integrated chip. Costs and complexity of implementation are reduced.

In a possible implementation of the first aspect, the central unit further includes:

at least one second optical processing module, where the second optical processing module is configured to: obtain an analog optical signal at one wavelength, and output an analog optical signal processed by the second optical processing module, where the second optical processing module includes at least one second optical filter and/or at least one second optical phase shifter, where

the analog optical signal processed by the second optical processing module is converted into an analog electrical signal by the first optical-electrical module. In this implementation, at least one optical-electrical component of an optical power amplifier, an optical filter, and an optical phase shifter is disposed in a receive link of the central unit, and a sequence of the optical power amplifier, the optical filter, and the optical phase shifter is adjustable, so that the receive link of the central unit can support multi-frequency band or high-frequency communication when the central unit uses the wired analog optical communications technology. This ensures communication quality and efficiency of the central unit in the multi-frequency band or high-frequency system, and improves communication efficiency of the central unit. In addition, because an optical component is easy to integrate, a chip may be used for control. Therefore, the central unit may be controlled by using a miniaturized integrated chip. Costs and complexity of implementation are reduced.

In a possible implementation of the first aspect, the central unit further includes at least one post optical power amplifier. An input terminal of the post optical power amplifier is connected to an output terminal of the first multiplexer. The post optical power amplifier is configured to amplify the analog optical signal output by the first multiplexer. In this implementation, one or more post optical power amplifiers are connected after the first multiplexer, so that the analog optical signals at different wavelengths output by the first multiplexer can be amplified in a unified manner. For example, when the analog optical signals at different wavelengths need to be amplified by a same multiple, an optical power amplifier may not be disposed on a transmission path of each analog optical signal before the first multiplexer. This can reduce a quantity of optical power amplifiers required by the central unit, and reduce costs and complexity of implementation. Alternatively, when the analog optical signals at different wavelengths need to be amplified by different multiples, the post optical power amplifier may amplify the analog optical signals at different wavelengths by a larger multiple in a unified manner, that is, perform coarse adjustment for optical power amplification. However, an optical power amplifier disposed on a transmission path of each analog optical signal before the first multiplexer may separately amplify the analog optical signal by a smaller multiple, that is, perform fine adjustment. In this way, efficiency of performing optical power amplification on the analog optical signals at different wavelengths can be improved, implementation is flexible, and two-level optical power amplification is implemented.

In a possible implementation of the first aspect, the first optical processing module includes at least one first optical filter and at least one first optical phase shifter, the first optical filter is connected to the first optical phase shifter, and the first optical filter and the first optical phase shifter are located between the first electro-optical module and the first multiplexer. In this implementation, the first optical processing module includes at least one first optical filter and at least one first optical phase shifter, so that optical filtering and optical phase shift can be separately performed on an analog optical signal at any wavelength, and optical processing can be separately performed on signals at a plurality of frequencies and bandwidths. In addition, a sequence of positions of the first optical filter and the first optical phase shifter is adjustable, so that the positions of the first optical filter and the first optical phase shifter can be flexibly arranged. This improves flexibility of disposing the first optical filter and the first optical phase shifter, and facilitates implementation.

In a possible implementation of the first aspect, the second optical processing module includes at least one second optical filter and at least one second optical phase shifter, the second optical filter is connected to the second optical phase shifter, and the second optical filter and the second optical phase shifter are located between the first optical-electrical module and the first demultiplexer. In this implementation, the second optical processing module includes at least one second optical filter and at least one second optical phase shifter, so that optical filtering and optical phase shift can be separately performed on an analog optical signal at any wavelength, and optical processing can be separately performed on signals at a plurality of frequencies and bandwidths. In addition, a sequence of positions of the second optical filter and the second optical phase shifter is adjustable, so that the positions of the second optical filter and the second optical phase shifter can be flexibly arranged. This improves flexibility of disposing the second optical filter and the second optical phase shifter, and facilitates implementation.

In a possible implementation of the first aspect, the first optical processing module includes at least one first optical filter or at least one first optical phase shifter, and the first optical filter or the first optical phase shifter is located between the first electro-optical module and the first multiplexer. In this implementation, optical phase shift or optical power amplification can be separately performed on an analog optical signal sent at any wavelength, and optical phase shift or optical power amplification can be separately performed on signals at a plurality of frequencies and bandwidths. This facilitates implementation.

In a possible implementation of the first aspect, the second optical processing module includes at least one second optical filter or at least one second optical phase shifter, and the second optical filter or the second optical phase shifter is located between the first demultiplexer and the first optical-electrical module. In this implementation, optical phase shift can be separately performed on an analog optical signal received at any wavelength, and optical phase shift can be separately performed on signals at a plurality of frequencies and bandwidths. This facilitates implementation.

In a possible implementation of the first aspect, the central unit further includes a light source module. The light source module is configured to generate an optical carrier. The optical carrier is used to generate an analog optical signal. In this implementation, the light source module generates one or more optical carriers at different wavelengths. This can ensure quality of an analog optical signal output by any first electro-optical module, and improve efficiency of outputting the analog optical signal.

In a possible implementation of the first aspect, the analog electrical signal obtained by the first electro-optical module includes a plurality of analog electrical signals at different frequencies. The central unit further includes at least one of: at least one electrical power amplifier, at least one electrical phase shifter, and an electrical combiner.

The electrical power amplifier is configured to amplify an analog electrical signal at one frequency.

The electrical phase shifter is configured to shift a phase of an analog electrical signal at one frequency.

The electrical combiner is configured to: combine the plurality of analog electrical signals at different frequencies into one electrical signal, and then input the one electrical signal into the first electro-optical module.

In this implementation, any analog electrical signal including a plurality of different frequencies is input into the first electro-optical module. Electrical phase shift and/or electrical power amplification are/is separately performed on an electrical signal at each frequency. Analog electrical signals at different frequencies on which the electrical phase shifter and/or electrical power amplification are/is separately performed are combined into one electrical signal, and then the one electrical signal is input into the first electro-optical module. Then, optical processing is performed on the analog optical signal output by the first electro-optical module. Through two-level power amplification and/or phase shift, that is, optical and electrical power amplification and/or phase shift, unified power amplification and/or phase shift of beams at a plurality of frequencies are/is supported in optical domain, and separate power amplification and/or phase shift of beams at a plurality of frequencies are/is supported in electrical domain. Therefore, different beam directions and/or powers of signals at different frequencies are controlled. This ensures signal transmission quality and efficiency.

In a possible implementation of the first aspect, the central unit includes at least one electrical power amplifier or at least one electrical phase shifter, and the electrical combiner. An input terminal of the electrical power amplifier or an input terminal of the electrical phase shifter is configured to input an analog electrical signal at one frequency. An output terminal of the electrical power amplifier or an output terminal of the electrical phase shifter is connected to an input terminal of the electrical combiner. An output terminal of the electrical combiner is connected to an input terminal of the first electro-optical module. In this implementation, the electrical phase shifter or the electrical power amplifier is disposed to separately perform electrical phase shift or electrical power amplification on an electrical signal at each frequency in analog electrical signals that include a plurality of different frequencies and that are output by a second optical-electrical module. In this way, unified power amplification and/or phase shift of beams at a plurality of frequencies are/is supported in optical domain, and separate power amplification or phase shift of beams at a plurality of frequencies is supported in electrical domain.

In a possible implementation of the first aspect, the central unit includes at least one electrical power amplifier and at least one electrical phase shifter, the electrical power amplifier is connected to the electrical phase shifter, and the electrical power amplifier and the electrical phase shifter are located between the DAC and the first electro-optical module. In this implementation, the electrical phase shifter and the electrical power amplifier are disposed to separately perform electrical phase shift and electrical power amplification on an electrical signal at each frequency in analog electrical signals that include a plurality of different frequencies and that are output by a second optical-electrical module. In this way, unified power amplification and/or phase shift of beams at a plurality of frequencies are/is supported in optical domain, and separate power amplification and phase shift of beams at a plurality of frequencies are supported in electrical domain. In addition, a sequence of positions of the electrical phase shifter and the electrical power amplifier is adjustable, so that the positions of the electrical phase shifter and the electrical power amplifier can be flexibly arranged. This improves flexibility of disposing the electrical phase shifter and the electrical power amplifier, and facilitates implementation.

According to a second aspect, a central unit is provided, where the central unit includes:

at least one digital-to-analog converter (DAC), where the DAC is configured to convert a digital electrical signal into an analog electrical signal;

at least one first electro-optical module, where the first electro-optical module is configured to: obtain the analog electrical signal output by the DAC, and convert the analog electrical signal into an analog optical signal;

a first multiplexer, configured to combine analog optical signals output by the at least one first electro-optical module into one analog optical signal;

at least one post optical power amplifier, where an input terminal of the post optical power amplifier is connected to an output terminal of the first multiplexer, and the post optical power amplifier is configured to amplify the analog optical signal output by the first multiplexer; and/or

a first demultiplexer, configured to decompose the one analog optical signal into a plurality of analog optical signals at different wavelengths;

at least one first optical-electrical module, where the first optical-electrical module is configured to convert an analog optical signal at one wavelength into an analog electrical signal; and

at least one analog-to-digital converter (ADC), where the ADC is configured to convert the analog electrical signal output by the first optical-electrical module into a digital electrical signal.

According to the central unit provided in the second aspect, one or more post optical power amplifiers are connected after the first multiplexer, so that the analog optical signals at different wavelengths output by the first multiplexer can be amplified in a unified manner. This can reduce a quantity of optical power amplifiers required by the central unit, and reduce costs and complexity of implementation. In addition, the remote unit can support multi-frequency band or high-frequency communication when the central unit uses a wired analog optical communications technology.

In a possible implementation of the first aspect, the central unit further includes:

at least one first optical processing module, where the first optical processing module is configured to: obtain the analog optical signal output by the first electro-optical module, and output an analog optical signal processed by the first optical processing module; and the first optical processing module includes at least one of: at least one first optical filter, at least one first optical phase shifter, and at least one first optical power amplifier; and

the first multiplexer, configured to combine analog optical signals output by the first optical processing module into one analog optical signal.

In this implementation, one or more post optical power amplifiers are connected after the first multiplexer, so that the analog optical signals at different wavelengths output by the first multiplexer can be amplified in a unified manner. For example, when the analog optical signals at different wavelengths need to be amplified by a same multiple, an optical power amplifier may not be disposed on a transmission path of each analog optical signal before the first multiplexer. This can reduce a quantity of optical power amplifiers required by the central unit, and reduce costs and complexity of implementation. Alternatively, when the analog optical signals at different wavelengths need to be amplified by different multiples, the post optical power amplifier may amplify the analog optical signals at different wavelengths by a larger multiple in a unified manner, that is, perform coarse adjustment for optical power amplification. However, an optical power amplifier disposed on a transmission path of each analog optical signal before the first multiplexer may separately amplify the analog optical signal by a smaller multiple, that is, perform fine adjustment. In this way, efficiency of performing optical power amplification on the analog optical signals at different wavelengths can be improved, implementation is flexible, and two-level optical power amplification is implemented.

In a possible implementation of the second aspect, the first optical processing module includes at least one first optical filter and at least one first optical phase shifter, the first optical filter is connected to the first optical phase shifter, and the first optical filter and the first optical phase shifter are located between the first electro-optical module and the first multiplexer.

In a possible implementation of the second aspect, the first optical processing module includes at least one first optical filter or at least one first optical phase shifter, and the first optical filter or the first optical phase shifter is located between the first electro-optical module and the first multiplexer.

In a possible implementation of the first aspect, the analog electrical signal obtained by the first electro-optical module includes a plurality of analog electrical signals at different frequencies. The central unit further includes at least one of: at least one electrical power amplifier, at least one electrical phase shifter, and an electrical combiner.

The electrical power amplifier is configured to amplify an analog electrical signal at one frequency.

The electrical phase shifter is configured to shift a phase of an analog electrical signal at one frequency.

The electrical combiner is configured to: combine the plurality of analog electrical signals at different frequencies into one electrical signal, and then input the one electrical signal into the first electro-optical module.

In this implementation, any analog electrical signal including a plurality of different frequencies is input into the first electro-optical module. Electrical phase shift and/or electrical power amplification are/is separately performed on an electrical signal at each frequency. Analog electrical signals at different frequencies on which the electrical phase shifter and/or electrical power amplification are/is separately performed are combined into one electrical signal, and then the one electrical signal is input into the first electro-optical module. Then, optical processing is performed on the analog optical signal output by the first electro-optical module. Through two-level power amplification and/or phase shift, that is, optical and electrical power amplification and/or phase shift, unified power amplification and/or phase shift of beams at a plurality of frequencies are/is supported in optical domain, and separate power amplification and/or phase shift of beams at a plurality of frequencies are/is supported in electrical domain. Therefore, different beam directions and/or powers of signals at different frequencies are controlled. This ensures signal transmission quality and efficiency.

In a possible implementation of the second aspect, the central unit includes at least one electrical power amplifier or at least one electrical phase shifter, and the electrical combiner. An input terminal of the electrical power amplifier or an input terminal of the electrical phase shifter is configured to input an analog electrical signal at one frequency. An output terminal of the electrical power amplifier or an output terminal of the electrical phase shifter is connected to an input terminal of the electrical combiner. An output terminal of the electrical combiner is connected to an input terminal of the first electro-optical module.

In a possible implementation of the second aspect, the central unit includes at least one electrical power amplifier and at least one electrical phase shifter, the electrical power amplifier is connected to the electrical phase shifter, and the electrical power amplifier and the electrical phase shifter are located between the DAC and the first electro-optical module.

According to a third aspect, a remote unit is provided, where the remote unit includes:

a second demultiplexer, configured to decompose one analog optical signal into a plurality of analog optical signals at different wavelengths;

at least one third optical processing module, where the third optical processing module is configured to: obtain an analog optical signal at one wavelength output by the second demultiplexer, and output an analog optical signal processed by the third optical processing module, where the third optical processing module includes at least one of: at least one third optical filter, at least one third optical phase shifter, and at least one third optical power amplifier;

at least one second optical-electrical module, where the second optical-electrical module is configured to convert the analog optical signal output by the third optical processing module into an analog electrical signal; and/or

at least one second electro-optical module, where the second electro-optical module is configured to: obtain the analog electrical signal, and convert the analog electrical signal into an analog optical signal; and

a second multiplexer, configured to combine analog optical signals output by the at least one second electro-optical module into one analog optical signal.

According to the remote unit provided in the third aspect, at least one optical-electrical component of an optical power amplifier, an optical filter, and an optical phase shifter is disposed in the remote unit, and a sequence of the optical power amplifier, the optical filter, and the optical phase shifter is adjustable, so that the remote unit can support multi-frequency band or high-frequency communication when the remote unit uses a wired analog optical communications technology. This ensures communication quality and efficiency of the remote unit in a multi-frequency band or high-frequency system, and improves communication efficiency of the remote unit. In addition, because an optical component is easy to integrate, a chip may be used for control. Therefore, the remote unit may be controlled by using a miniaturized integrated chip. Costs and complexity of implementation are reduced.

In a possible implementation of the third aspect, the remote unit further includes:

at least one fourth optical processing module, where the fourth optical processing module is configured to: obtain the analog optical signal output by the second electro-optical module, and output an analog optical signal processed by the fourth optical processing module, where the fourth optical processing module includes at least one fourth optical filter and/or at least one fourth optical phase shifter, and the analog optical signal processed by the fourth optical processing module is received by the second multiplexer. In this implementation, at least one optical-electrical component of an optical power amplifier, an optical filter, and an optical phase shifter is disposed in a receive link of the remote unit, and a sequence of the optical power amplifier, the optical filter, and the optical phase shifter is adjustable, so that the receive link of the remote unit can support multi-frequency band or high-frequency communication when the remote unit uses the wired analog optical communications technology. This ensures communication quality and efficiency of the remote unit in the multi-frequency band or high-frequency system, and improves communication efficiency of the remote unit. In addition, because an optical component is easy to integrate, a chip may be used for control. Therefore, the remote unit may be controlled by using a miniaturized integrated chip. Costs and complexity of implementation are reduced.

In a possible implementation of the third aspect, the remote unit further includes at least one pre-optical power amplifier. The pre-optical power amplifier is configured to obtain an analog optical signal and amplify the analog optical signal. An analog optical signal amplified by the pre-optical power amplifier is received by the second demultiplexer. In this implementation, the pre-optical power amplifier is disposed before the second DEMUX, so that the analog optical signals at different wavelengths that are input into the second DEMUX can be amplified in a unified manner. This can reduce a quantity of optical power amplifiers required by the remote unit, and reduce costs and complexity of implementation. In addition, efficiency of performing optical power amplification on the analog optical signals at different wavelengths can be improved, implementation is flexible, and two-level optical power amplification is implemented.

In a possible implementation of the third aspect, the third optical processing module includes at least one third optical filter and at least one third optical phase shifter, the third optical filter is connected to the third optical phase shifter, and the third optical filter and the third optical phase shifter are located between the second demultiplexer and the second optical-electrical module. In this implementation, optical filtering and optical phase shift can be separately performed on an analog optical signal at any wavelength, and optical processing can be separately performed on signals at a plurality of frequencies and bandwidths. In addition, a sequence of positions of the third optical filter and the third optical phase shifter is adjustable, so that the positions of the third optical filter and the third optical phase shifter can be flexibly arranged. This improves flexibility of disposing the third optical filter and the third optical phase shifter, and facilitates implementation.

In a possible implementation of the third aspect, the fourth optical processing module includes at least one fourth optical filter and at least one fourth optical phase shifter, the fourth optical filter is connected to the fourth optical phase shifter, and the fourth optical filter and the fourth optical phase shifter are located between the second multiplexer and the second electro-optical module. In this implementation, the fourth optical processing module includes at least one fourth optical filter and at least one fourth optical phase shifter, so that optical filtering and optical phase shift can be separately performed on an analog optical signal at any wavelength, and optical processing can be separately performed on signals at a plurality of frequencies and bandwidths. In addition, a sequence of positions of the fourth optical filter and the fourth optical phase shifter is adjustable, so that the positions of the fourth optical filter and the fourth optical phase shifter can be flexibly arranged. This improves flexibility of disposing the fourth optical filter and the fourth optical phase shifter, and facilitates implementation.

In a possible implementation of the third aspect, the third optical processing module includes at least one third optical filter or at least one third optical phase shifter, and the third optical filter or the third optical phase shifter is located between the second demultiplexer and the second optical-electrical module. In this implementation, optical phase shift or optical power amplification can be separately performed on an analog optical signal sent at any wavelength, and optical phase shift or optical power amplification can be separately performed on signals at a plurality of frequencies and bandwidths. This facilitates implementation.

In a possible implementation of the third aspect, the fourth optical processing module includes at least one fourth optical filter or at least one fourth optical phase shifter, and the fourth optical filter or the fourth optical phase shifter is located between the second electro-optical module and the second multiplexer. In this implementation, optical phase shift or optical power amplification can be separately performed on an analog optical signal received at any wavelength, and optical phase shift or optical power amplification can be separately performed on signals at a plurality of frequencies and bandwidths. This facilitates implementation.

In a possible implementation of the third aspect, the second electro-optical module is further configured to: generate an optical carrier, receive a radio frequency signal, modulate the radio frequency signal to the optical carrier, and output an analog optical signal. In this implementation, the second electro-optical module generates the optical carrier and modulates the radio frequency signal, so that no additional light source is required to generate the optical carrier. This reduces costs. In addition, because the generated optical carrier does not need to be transmitted over a long distance, quality of the optical carrier is ensured.

In a possible implementation of the third aspect, the second demultiplexer is further configured to decompose one optical carrier input into the second demultiplexer into a plurality of optical carriers at different wavelengths; and the second electro-optical module is further configured to: obtain the optical carrier, receive a radio frequency signal, modulate the radio frequency signal to the optical carrier, and output an analog optical signal. In this implementation, because the light source module is disposed in a central unit, and the central unit is disposed indoors, a temperature change is not significant. Therefore, disposing the light source in the central unit and transmitting the generated optical carrier to the second electro-optical module in the central unit can effectively overcome a wavelength drift problem caused by temperature impact.

In a possible implementation of the third aspect, the second electro-optical module is further configured to: recover an optical carrier from an analog optical signal output by the second demultiplexer, receive a radio frequency signal, modulate the radio frequency signal to the optical carrier, and output an analog optical signal. In this implementation, the second electro-optical module recovers an optical carrier from an analog optical signal transmitted in a downlink, and implements electrical signal modulation, so that no additional light source is required to generate the optical carrier. This reduces costs, and improves utilization of the optical carrier.

In a possible implementation of the third aspect, the analog electrical signal output by the second optical-electrical module includes a plurality of analog electrical signals at different frequencies. The remote unit further includes at least one of: at least one electrical power amplifier, at least one electrical phase shifter, and an electrical splitter. The electrical power amplifier is configured to amplify an analog electrical signal at one frequency. The electrical phase shifter is configured to shift a phase of an analog electrical signal at one frequency. The electrical splitter is configured to decompose the analog electrical signal output by the second optical-electrical module into the plurality of analog electrical signals at different frequencies. In this implementation, the electrical phase shifter and/or the electrical power amplifier are/is disposed to separately perform electrical phase shift and/or electrical power amplification on an electrical signal at each frequency in analog electrical signals that include a plurality of different frequencies and that are output by the second optical-electrical module. In this way, unified power amplification and/or phase shift of beams at a plurality of frequencies are/is supported in optical domain, and separate power amplification and/or phase shift of beams at a plurality of frequencies are/is supported in electrical domain. In addition, a sequence of positions of the electrical phase shifter and the electrical power amplifier is adjustable, so that the positions of the electrical phase shifter and the electrical power amplifier can be flexibly arranged. This improves flexibility of disposing the electrical phase shifter and the electrical power amplifier, and facilitates implementation.

In a possible implementation of the third aspect, the remote unit includes at least one electrical power amplifier or at least one electrical phase shifter, and the electrical splitter.

An input terminal of the electrical power amplifier or an input terminal of the electrical phase shifter is configured to input an analog electrical signal at one frequency. The input terminal of the electrical power amplifier or the input terminal of the electrical phase shifter is connected to an output terminal of the electrical splitter. An input terminal of the electrical splitter is connected to an output terminal of the second electro-optical module.

In a possible implementation of the third aspect, the remote unit includes at least one electrical power amplifier, at least one electrical phase shifter, and the electrical splitter. The electrical power amplifier is connected to the electrical phase shifter. The electrical power amplifier and the electrical phase shifter are located after the electrical splitter. An input terminal of the electrical splitter is connected to an output terminal of the second electro-optical module.

According to a fourth aspect, a remote unit is provided, where the remote unit includes:

a second demultiplexer, configured to decompose one analog optical signal into a plurality of analog optical signals at different wavelengths;

at least one second optical-electrical module, where the second optical-electrical module is configured to convert an analog optical signal output by a third optical processing module into an analog electrical signal;

at least one pre-optical power amplifier, where the pre-optical power amplifier is configured to obtain an analog optical signal and amplify the analog optical signal, where an analog optical signal amplified by the pre-optical power amplifier is received by the second demultiplexer; and/or

at least one second electro-optical module, where the second electro-optical module is configured to: obtain the analog electrical signal, and convert the analog electrical signal into an analog optical signal; and

a second multiplexer, configured to combine analog optical signals output by the at least one second electro-optical module into one analog optical signal.

According to the remote unit provided in the fourth aspect, the pre-optical power amplifier is disposed before the second demultiplexer, so that the analog optical signals at different wavelengths that are input into the second demultiplexer can be amplified in a unified manner. For example, when the analog optical signals at different wavelengths need to be amplified by a same multiple, an optical power amplifier may not be disposed on a transmission path of each analog optical signal after the second demultiplexer. This can reduce a quantity of optical power amplifiers required by the remote unit, and reduce costs and complexity of implementation. In addition, the remote unit can support multi-frequency band or high-frequency communication when the remote unit uses a wired analog optical communications technology.

In a possible implementation of the fourth aspect, the remote unit further includes:

at least one third optical processing module, where the third optical processing module is configured to: obtain an analog optical signal at one wavelength output by the second demultiplexer, and output an analog optical signal processed by the third optical processing module, where the third optical processing module includes at least one of: at least one third optical filter, at least one third optical phase shifter, and at least one third optical power amplifier; and

at least one second optical-electrical module, where the second optical-electrical module is configured to convert the analog optical signal output by the third optical processing module into an analog electrical signal.

In this implementation, at least one optical-electrical component of an optical power amplifier, an optical filter, and an optical phase shifter is disposed in the remote unit, and a sequence of the optical power amplifier, the optical filter, and the optical phase shifter is adjustable, so that the remote unit can support multi-frequency band or high-frequency communication when the remote unit uses the wired analog optical communications technology. This ensures communication quality and efficiency of the remote unit in a multi-frequency band or high-frequency system, and improves communication efficiency of the remote unit.

In a possible implementation of the fourth aspect, the remote unit further includes:

at least one fourth optical processing module, where the fourth optical processing module is configured to: obtain the analog optical signal output by the second electro-optical module, and output an analog optical signal processed by the fourth optical processing module, where the fourth optical processing module includes at least one fourth optical filter and/or at least one fourth optical phase shifter, and the analog optical signal processed by the fourth optical processing module is received by the second multiplexer.

In a possible implementation of the fourth aspect, the third optical processing module includes at least one third optical filter and at least one third optical phase shifter, the third optical filter is connected to the third optical phase shifter, and the third optical filter and the third optical phase shifter are located between the second demultiplexer and the second optical-electrical module.

In a possible implementation of the fourth aspect, the fourth optical processing module includes at least one fourth optical filter and at least one fourth optical phase shifter, the fourth optical filter is connected to the fourth optical phase shifter, and the fourth optical filter and the fourth optical phase shifter are located between the second multiplexer and the second electro-optical module.

In a possible implementation of the fourth aspect, the third optical processing module includes at least one third optical filter or at least one third optical phase shifter, and the third optical filter or the third optical phase shifter is located between the second demultiplexer and the second optical-electrical module.

In a possible implementation of the fourth aspect, the fourth optical processing module includes at least one fourth optical filter or at least one fourth optical phase shifter, and the fourth optical filter or the fourth optical phase shifter is located between the second electro-optical module and the second multiplexer.

In a possible implementation of the fourth aspect, the second electro-optical module is further configured to: generate an optical carrier, receive a radio frequency signal, modulate the radio frequency signal to the optical carrier, and output an analog optical signal.

In a possible implementation of the fourth aspect, the second demultiplexer is further configured to decompose one optical carrier input into the second demultiplexer into a plurality of optical carriers at different wavelengths; and the second electro-optical module is further configured to: obtain the optical carrier, receive a radio frequency signal, modulate the radio frequency signal to the optical carrier, and output an analog optical signal.

In a possible implementation of the fourth aspect, the second electro-optical module is further configured to: recover an optical carrier from an analog optical signal output by the second demultiplexer, receive a radio frequency signal, modulate the radio frequency signal to the optical carrier, and output an analog optical signal.

In a possible implementation of the fourth aspect, the analog electrical signal output by the second optical-electrical module includes a plurality of analog electrical signals at different frequencies. The remote unit further includes at least one of: at least one electrical power amplifier, at least one electrical phase shifter, and an electrical splitter. The electrical power amplifier is configured to amplify an analog electrical signal at one frequency. The electrical phase shifter is configured to shift a phase of an analog electrical signal at one frequency. The electrical splitter is configured to decompose the analog electrical signal output by the second optical-electrical module into the plurality of analog electrical signals at different frequencies. In this implementation, the electrical phase shifter and/or the electrical power amplifier are/is disposed to separately perform electrical phase shift and/or electrical power amplification on an electrical signal at each frequency in analog electrical signals that include a plurality of different frequencies and that are output by the second optical-electrical module. In this way, unified power amplification and/or phase shift of beams at a plurality of frequencies are/is supported in optical domain, and separate power amplification and/or phase shift of beams at a plurality of frequencies are/is supported in electrical domain. In addition, a sequence of positions of the electrical phase shifter and the electrical power amplifier is adjustable, so that the positions of the electrical phase shifter and the electrical power amplifier can be flexibly arranged. This improves flexibility of disposing the electrical phase shifter and the electrical power amplifier, and facilitates implementation.

In a possible implementation of the fourth aspect, the remote unit includes at least one electrical power amplifier or at least one electrical phase shifter, and the electrical splitter. An input terminal of the electrical power amplifier or an input terminal of the electrical phase shifter is configured to input an analog electrical signal at one frequency. The input terminal of the electrical power amplifier or the input terminal of the electrical phase shifter is connected to an output terminal of the electrical splitter. An input terminal of the electrical splitter is connected to an output terminal of the second electro-optical module.

In a possible implementation of the fourth aspect, the remote unit includes at least one electrical power amplifier, at least one electrical phase shifter, and the electrical splitter. The electrical power amplifier is connected to the electrical phase shifter. The electrical power amplifier and the electrical phase shifter are located after the electrical splitter. An input terminal of the electrical splitter is connected to an output terminal of the second electro-optical module.

Optionally, the central unit provided in the first aspect or the central unit provided in the second aspect may be a building baseband processing unit (building baseband unit, BBU) or a centralized unit (CU).

Optionally, the remote unit provided in the third aspect or the remote unit provided in the fourth aspect may be a remote radio unit (RRU) or a distributed unit (DU).

According to a fifth aspect, a communications apparatus is provided. The communications apparatus includes the central unit provided in the first aspect or the central unit provided in the second aspect, and includes the remote unit provided in the third aspect or the remote unit provided in the fourth aspect.

Optionally, the communications apparatus provided in the fifth aspect may be an access network device, and the access network device may include a CU and a DU. The CU and the DU may be integrated and located on one hardware device, or may be separate devices and are separately located on different hardware devices.

Optionally, the communications apparatus provided in the fifth aspect may be an access network device, and the access network device may include a BBU and an RRU.

DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS

The following describes the technical solutions of this application with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The technical solutions in the embodiments of this application may be applied to various communications systems, for example, a long term evolution (LTE) system, an LTE frequency division duplex (FDD) system, an LTE time division duplex (TDD) system, a universal mobile telecommunications system (UMTS), a worldwide interoperability for microwave access (WiMAX) communications system, a fifth generation (5th Generation, 5G) communications system or new radio (NR), and various future communications systems.

An access network device in the embodiments of this application may be a device configured to communicate with a terminal device and a core network device. The access network device may be a base transceiver station (BTS) in a global system for mobile communications (GSM) or code division multiple access (CDMA), or may be a NodeB (NB) in a wideband code division multiple access (WCDMA) system, or may be an evolved NodeB (eNB or eNodeB) in an LTE system, or may be a radio controller in a cloud radio access network (CRAN) scenario. Alternatively, the access network device may be a relay station, an access point, a vehicle-mounted device, a wearable device, a network device in a 5G network, an access network device in a future evolved PLMN network, or the like. This is not limited in the embodiments of this application.

In recent years, wired optical communications technologies rapidly develop in fields such as data centers, metropolitan area networks, and fronthaul links of wireless communications systems. In wired optical communication, an electrical signal at a transmit end is modulated into an optical signal by an electro-optical modulator, then the optical signal is propagated through an optical fiber, and finally the optical signal at a receive end is converted into the electrical signal by an optical-to-electrical converter.

In 4G, access network devices (for example, base stations) widely use a distributed base station architecture. The base station includes a building baseband unit (BBU), a remote radio unit (RRU), and an antenna. The BBU mainly implements baseband processing functions (such as coding, multiplexing, modulation, and spectrum spreading) of a Uu interface, a function of an IUB interface of a radio network controller (RNC), signaling processing, and local and remote operation and maintenance functions, and functions of monitoring a working status of a NodeB system and reporting alarm information. The IUB interface is a logical interface between the RNC and the NodeB. The RRU mainly includes four modules: an intermediate frequency module, a transceiver module, a power amplifier, and a filter module. The digital intermediate frequency module is used for modulation and demodulation, digital up/down conversion, and digital/analog conversion in optical transmission. The transceiver module converts an intermediate frequency signal into a radio frequency signal. After power amplification and filtering, the radio frequency signal is transmitted through an antenna port.

Each base station has a BBU and an RRU, and is connected to a core network device through the BBU. The RRU and the BBU are connected through an optical fiber. All BBUs are placed in an equipment room. The RRU is connected to an antenna through a coaxial cable, a coupler, and the like. That is, the optical fiber is used in a backbone network and the coaxial cable is used in a branch. A BBU+RRU multi-channel solution can be used to provide better indoor coverage for a large stadium. A link between the RRU and the BBU may be referred to as a fronthaul link.

With evolution of communications technologies, in 5G, for a base station, the RRU in 4G may be combined with an antenna to constitute an active antenna unit (AAU) in 5G, and the BBU in 4G may be further divided into a centralized unit (CU) and a distributed unit (DU). In other words, in 5G, a base station may include a CU, a DU, and an AAU. The CU is shared by a plurality of base stations, that is, a plurality of base stations share one CU. Each base station has a DU, and the plurality of base stations may share one CU for centralized management. The CU and the DU may be integrated and located on one hardware device, or may be separate devices and are separately located on different hardware devices. 5G uses a network architecture in which a CU and a DU are separated. This implements baseband resource sharing, facilitates radio access slicing and cloudification, and meets a site coordination requirement in a complex 5G networking scenario.

Division into the CU and the DU may be based on protocol layers of a wireless network. The protocol layers may include protocol layers such as a radio resource control (RRC) layer, a packet data convergence protocol (PDCP) layer, a radio link control (RLC) layer, a media access control (MAC) layer, and a physical layer (PHY). The physical layer is located at the bottom layer (layer 1), the MAC layer, the RLC layer, and the PDCP layer belong to the second layer (layer 2), and the RRC layer belongs to the third layer (layer 3). In an implementation, a service data adaptation protocol (SDAP) layer may be further included above the PDCP layer. For example, functions of the PDCP layer and the protocol layers above the PDCP layer are configured on the CU, and functions of the protocol layers below the PDCP layer such as the RLC layer, the MAC layer, and the like are configured on the DU.

FIG. 1is a schematic diagram of an architecture of a BBU and an RRU when a fronthaul link uses a wired optical communications technology. Currently, a fronthaul link mainly uses a wired digital optical communications technology, and a solution under research is a wired analog optical communications technology. The fronthaul link shown inFIG. 1uses the wired digital optical communications technology. As shown inFIG. 1, when a fronthaul link of a wireless communications system uses wired digital optical communication, a digital optical signal is transmitted on an optical fiber connecting the BBU and the RRU. The BBU includes a digital signal processing module and an electro-optical module. The digital signal processing module is responsible for generating a baseband digital electrical signal. The electro-optical module is responsible for modulating the digital electrical signal into a digital optical signal. The RRU includes an optical-electrical module, a digital signal processing module, a digital-to-analog converter (DAC), an intermediate frequency module, a radio frequency module, and an antenna unit. The optical-electrical module is responsible for converting the digital optical signal into a digital electrical signal. The digital signal processing module is responsible for converting the digital electrical signal into a digital electrical quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) signal. The DAC is responsible for converting the digital electrical QAM modulation signal into an analog electrical QAM modulation signal. The intermediate frequency module is responsible for converting the analog electrical QAM modulation signal into an intermediate frequency analog signal. The radio frequency module is responsible for converting the intermediate frequency analog signal into a radio frequency analog signal. Finally, the radio frequency analog signal is sent through the antenna unit.

FIG. 2is a schematic diagram of an architecture of a BBU and an RRU when a fronthaul link uses a wired analog optical communications technology. As shown inFIG. 2, an analog optical signal is transmitted on an optical fiber connecting the BBU and the RRU. The BBU includes a digital signal processing module, a DAC, and an electro-optical module. Optionally, the BBU may further include an intermediate and radio frequency module A. The RRU includes an optical-electrical module and an antenna unit. Optionally, the RRU may further include an intermediate and radio frequency module B. When the optical analog signal on the optical fiber is a QAM modulation signal, the intermediate and radio frequency module A does not exist, and the intermediate and radio frequency module B includes an intermediate frequency module and a radio frequency module. When the optical analog signal on the optical fiber is an intermediate frequency analog signal, the intermediate and radio frequency module A includes an intermediate frequency module, and the intermediate and radio frequency module B includes a radio frequency module. When the optical analog signal on the optical fiber is a radio frequency analog signal, the intermediate and radio frequency module A includes an intermediate frequency module and a radio frequency module, and the intermediate and radio frequency module B does not exist.

Currently, a wireless communications system gradually develops toward multi-frequency band or high-frequency. Multi-frequency band means that a plurality of frequencies, for example, 0.9 GHz, 1.8 GHz, 2.4 GHz, 3.5 GHz, and 5 GHz, are supported at the same time. In addition, a signal at each frequency has a specific bandwidth, and the bandwidth may be referred to as a subband. A high frequency refers to a relatively high frequency, for example, 28 GHz, 39 GHz, or a frequency in a unit of THz. In addition, a high-frequency system generally features a large bandwidth.

A fronthaul link of the wireless communications system requires electronic components (for example, an intermediate frequency module and a radio frequency module) regardless of whether wired digital optical communication or wired analog optical communication is used. When the fronthaul link of the wireless communications system needs to support a multi-frequency band or high-frequency system, performance such as a frequency and a bandwidth of an electronic component is limited due to a limitation of a physical material process and the like. A design difficulty, power consumption, a size, and costs of the electronic component all pose great challenges. As a result, the electronic component cannot well support the multi-frequency band or high-frequency system. This is an urgent problem to be resolved.

In view of this, this application provides a central unit. Optical components are disposed in the central unit. The optical components include, for example, an optical phase shifter (O-PS), an optical filter (O-F), and an optical power amplifier (O-PA). In this way, the central unit can support multi-frequency band or high-frequency communication when a fronthaul link of the central unit uses a wired analog optical communications technology. This ensures communication quality and efficiency of the central unit in a multi-frequency band or high-frequency system, and improves communication efficiency of the central unit.

With reference toFIG. 3, the following describes the central unit provided in this application. In the following description, an example in which the central unit is a BBU is used for description. It should be understood that the central unit in this application may be a BBU or a CU.

As shown inFIG. 3, the central unit100includes a transmit link110and a receive link120.

The transmit link110includes:

at least one digital-to-analog converter (DAC), where each DAC is configured to convert one digital electrical signal into an analog electrical signal;

at least one first electro-optical module, whereFIG. 3is a schematic diagram of a plurality of first electro-optical modules, the at least one first electro-optical module is one or more of electro-optical modules111to11M shown inFIG. 3, any first electro-optical module is configured to obtain one analog electrical signal output by one DAC and convert (modulate) the analog electrical signal into an analog optical signal, and optionally, analog optical signals output by different electro-optical modules may have different wavelengths;

at least one first optical processing module, where one first optical processing module is configured to process an analog optical signal output by one first electro-optical module, and transmit a processed analog optical signal to a first multiplexer, any first optical processing module includes at least one of the following components: at least one first optical filter O-F1, at least one first optical phase shifter O-PS1, and at least one first optical power amplifier O-PA1, where any O-F1is configured to filter the analog optical signal, any O-PS1is configured to shift a phase of the analog optical signal, and any O-PA1is configured to amplify the analog optical signal; and

the first multiplexer (MUX), configured to combine analog optical signals at different wavelengths processed by the at least one first optical processing module into one analog optical signal, where the first MUX combines a plurality of analog optical signals at different wavelengths output by the electro-optical module111to the electro-optical module11M into one analog optical signal, as shown inFIG. 3.

The receive link120includes:

a first demultiplexer (DEMUX), configured to decompose the one analog optical signal into a plurality of analog optical signals at different wavelengths, where optionally the plurality of analog optical signals at different wavelengths output by the first DEMUX may be separately input into at least one first optical-electrical module;

the at least one first optical-electrical module, where the at least one first optical-electrical module is one or more of optical-electrical modules121to12M shown inFIG. 3, any first optical-electrical module is configured to obtain one analog optical signal and convert the analog optical signal into an analog electrical signal, optionally, one first optical-electrical module is configured to convert one analog optical signal output by the first DEMUX into an analog electrical signal, and analog optical signals input by different first optical-electrical modules have different wavelengths; and

at least one analog-to-digital converter (ADC), where any ADC is configured to convert one analog electrical signal output by one first optical-electrical module into a digital electrical signal.

Optionally, the receive link120further includes at least one second optical processing module, where any second optical processing module is configured to process one analog optical signal output by the first DEMUX, and transmit a processed analog optical signal to one first optical-electrical module.

The second optical processing module includes at least one of the following components:

at least one second optical power amplifier O-PA2, at least one second optical filter O-F2, and at least one second optical phase shifter O-PS2.

Any O-F2is configured to filter an analog optical signal, and any O-PS2is configured to shift a phase of the analog optical signal.

Optionally, the second optical processing module may further include at least one second optical power amplifier O-PA2, where any O-PA2is configured to amplify the analog optical signal.

Specifically, for the transmit link110, as shown inFIG. 3, each transmit signal (TX) may be generated by a digital signal processing module, converted into an analog electrical signal by a DAC, and then input into a first electro-optical module. That is, the central unit100may further include the digital signal processing module. The first electro-optical module (for example, the electro-optical module111) converts the analog electrical signal into an analog optical signal, and outputs the analog optical signal to one O-PS1. The O-PS1is configured to shift a phase of the analog optical signal output by the electro-optical module, and output a phase-shifted analog optical signal to one O-F1. The O-F1is configured to filter the analog optical signal whose phase is shifted by the O-PS1, and output a filtered analog optical signal to one O-PA. The O-PA1is configured to amplify the analog optical signal output by the O-F1. A signal output by the O-PA1is input into the first MUX. It should be understood that analog optical signals that are input into the first MUX by different (O-PA1)s may have different wavelengths.

It should be understood that, in this embodiment of this application, a plurality of first optical processing modules may be integrated into one optical processor, and a plurality of second optical processing modules may also be integrated into one optical processor.

It should be further understood that, in this embodiment of this application, any one or more of a plurality of optical processing components included in one first optical processing module may be integrated into one optical processor. For example, it is assumed that one first optical processing module includes an O-PS1, an O-F1, and an O-PA1. The O-PS1and the O-F1may be integrated into one optical processor, the O-F1and the O-PA1may be integrated into one optical processor, or the O-PS1, the O-F1, and the O-PA1may be integrated into one optical processor.

Similarly, any one or more of a plurality of optical processing components included in one second optical processing module may also be integrated into one optical processor.

Optionally, an output terminal of the first MUX may be further connected to one or more post optical power amplifiers (O-PA11)s. The O-PA11amplifies one analog optical signal output by the first MUX, and then transmits an amplified analog optical signal to an optical fiber, to send the analog optical signal to another device through the optical fiber. In the embodiment of the central unit100in the application, the post O-PA11is an O-PA located after the first MUX. An input terminal of the O-PA11is connected to the output terminal of the first MUX, and an output terminal of the O-PA11is connected to an input terminal of the optical fiber. One or more post optical power amplifiers are connected after the first MUX, so that the analog optical signals at different wavelengths output by the first MUX can be amplified in a unified manner. For example, when the analog optical signals at different wavelengths need to be amplified by a same multiple, an optical power amplifier O-PA1may not be disposed on a transmission path of each analog optical signal before the first MUX. This can reduce a quantity of optical power amplifiers required by the central unit100, and reduce costs and complexity of implementation. Alternatively, when the analog optical signals at different wavelengths need to be amplified by different multiples, the post optical power amplifier may amplify the analog optical signals at different wavelengths by a larger multiple in a unified manner, that is, perform coarse adjustment for optical power amplification. However, an optical power amplifier O-PA1disposed on a transmission path of each analog optical signal before the first MUX may separately amplify the analog optical signal by a smaller multiple, that is, perform fine adjustment. In this way, efficiency of performing optical power amplification on the analog optical signals at different wavelengths can be improved, implementation is flexible, and two-level optical power amplification is implemented.

In this embodiment of this application, the transmit link may be a link for the central unit100to send a signal to another device (for example, a terminal device or an RRU), and the transmit link may also be referred to as a downlink.

For the receive link120, as shown inFIG. 3, an output terminal of the optical fiber may be connected to an input terminal of the first DEMUX. The first DEMUX receives an analog optical signal transmitted through the optical fiber, and the first DEMUX decomposes (de-multiplexes) the input analog optical signal into a plurality of analog optical signals at different wavelengths. One analog optical signal obtained through decomposition may sequentially pass through one O-PA2, one O-F2, one O-PS2, and one second optical-electrical module (for example, the optical-electrical module121), and finally be converted into an analog electrical signal. The analog electrical signal is input into the ADC. The ADC converts the analog electrical signal into a digital electrical signal, and finally inputs the digital electrical signal into the digital signal processing module of the central unit100for processing.

Optionally, as shown inFIG. 3, a pre-optical power amplifier O-PA22may exist before the first DEMUX. An input terminal of the O-PA22is connected to the output terminal of the optical fiber, and an output terminal of the O-PA22is connected to the input terminal of the first DEMUX. The pre-O-PA22amplifies an analog optical signal output through the optical fiber, and then inputs an amplified analog optical signal to the first DEMUX. One or more pre-optical power amplifiers are connected before the first DEMUX, so that analog optical signals at different wavelengths input into the first DEMUX can be amplified in a unified manner. For example, when the analog optical signals at different wavelengths need to be amplified by a same multiple, an optical power amplifier O-PA1may not be disposed on a transmission path of each analog optical signal after the first DEMUX. This can reduce a quantity of optical power amplifiers required by the central unit100, and reduce costs and complexity of implementation. Alternatively, when the analog optical signals at different wavelengths need to be amplified by different multiples, the post optical power amplifier may amplify the analog optical signals at different wavelengths by a larger multiple in a unified manner, that is, perform coarse adjustment for optical power amplification. However, an optical power amplifier O-PA2disposed on a transmission path of each analog optical signal after the first DEMUX may separately amplify the analog optical signal by a smaller multiple, that is, perform fine adjustment. In this way, efficiency of performing optical power amplification on the analog optical signals at different wavelengths can be improved, implementation is flexible, and two-level optical power amplification is implemented.

In this embodiment of this application, the receive link may be understood as a link for the central unit100to receive a signal sent by another device. The receive link may also be referred to as an uplink.

It should be further understood thatFIG. 3is merely an example, and should not constitute a limitation on a sequence (or a sequence of positions) and quantities of (O-PS1)s, (O-F1)s, and (O-PA1)s in the transmit link, and should not constitute a limitation on a quantity of (O-PA11)s in the transmit link, either. Similarly,FIG. 3should not constitute a limitation on a sequence (or a sequence of positions) and quantities of (O-PS2)s, (O-F2)s, and (O-PA2)s in the receive link, and should not constitute a limitation on a quantity of (O-PA22)s in the receive link, either. For example, an analog optical signal output by an output terminal of the electro-optical module111may pass through one or more of the three optical components: the O-PS1, the O-Ft, and the O-PA1, and a quantity, a sequence, and the like of one or more optical components through which the analog optical signal passes may be set based on requirements. Similarly, an analog optical signal output by the output terminal of the first DEMUX may pass through one or more of the three optical components: the O-PS2, the O-F2, and the O-PA2, and a quantity, a sequence, and the like of one or more optical components through which the analog optical signal passes may be set based on requirements.

It should be further understood that optical components (the O-PS1, the O-F1, the O-PA1, the O-PS2, the O-F2, the O-PA2, the O-PA11, and the O-PA22) represented by dashed boxes inFIG. 3are all optional, and the central unit100may include only a part or all of the optical components represented by the dashed boxes.

It should be further understood that, as shown inFIG. 3, an analog optical signal is transmitted on the optical fiber, where the analog optical signal may be any one of a QAM modulation signal, an intermediate frequency analog signal, or a radio frequency analog signal. This is not limited herein in this embodiment of this application.

It should be further understood that, as shown inFIG. 3, in this embodiment of this application, the first optical processing module may be located between the electro-optical module and the first MUX, and the second optical processing module may be located between the optical-electrical module and the first DEMUX.

According to the central unit provided in this application, at least one optical-electrical component of an optical power amplifier, an optical filter, and an optical phase shifter is disposed in the central unit, and a sequence of the optical power amplifier, the optical filter, and the optical phase shifter is adjustable, so that the central unit can support multi-frequency band or high-frequency communication when the central unit uses a wired analog optical communications technology. This ensures communication quality and efficiency of the central unit in a multi-frequency band or high-frequency system, and improves communication efficiency of the central unit. In addition, because an optical component is easy to integrate, a chip may be used for control. Therefore, the central unit may be controlled by using a miniaturized integrated chip. Costs and complexity of implementation are reduced.

It should be understood thatFIG. 3is a schematic diagram in which the transmit link110and the receive link120include the first optical processing module and the second optical processing module respectively.

Optionally, in a possible implementation,FIG. 4is another schematic block diagram of a structure of the central unit100according to this application. The transmit link110includes at least one first optical processing module and/or at least one O-PA11. The receive link120includes no second optical processing module.

Optionally, in another possible implementation,FIG. 5is another schematic block diagram of a structure of the central unit100according to this application. The transmit link110includes no first optical processing module. The receive link120includes at least one second optical processing module and/or at least one O-PA22.

Optionally, in a possible implementation, the central unit100may alternatively include only the transmit link110, but not include the receive link120. Alternatively, the central unit100may not include the transmit link110, but include only the receive link120.

Optionally, in some possible implementations of this application, the transmit link110is used as an example for description. A case in which the transmit link110includes a first optical processing module is shown inFIG. 6toFIG. 8. For a path through which any TX signal passes, there may be the following three positions and sequences of an O-PS1and an O-F1:

Type 1: As shown inFIG. 6, the first optical processing module includes at least one O-PS1and at least one O-F1. One O-PS1is connected to the at least one O-F1. An output terminal of the O-PS1and an output terminal of the O-F1are connected to the input terminal of the first MUX. An input terminal of the O-PS1and an input terminal of the O-F1are connected to the output terminal of the first optical-electrical module (for example, the electro-optical module111). In addition, that the O-PS1is connected to the O-F1may include: The output terminal of the O-PS1is connected to the input terminal of the O-F1, that is, the O-PS1is located before the O-F1. In this case, the input terminal of the O-PS1and the input terminal of the O-F1are the input terminal of the O-PS1, and the output terminal of the O-PS1and the output terminal of the O-F1are the output terminal of the O-F1. Alternatively, the output terminal of the O-F1is connected to the input terminal of the O-PS1, that is, the O-F1is located before the O-PS1. In this case, the input terminal of the O-F1and the input terminal of the O-PS1are the input terminal of the O-F1, and the output terminal of the O-F1and the output terminal of the O-PS1are the output terminal of the O-PS1.FIG. 6shows an example in which the O-PS1is located before the O-F1. In other words, the first optical filter is connected to the first optical phase shifter, the input terminal of the first optical filter and the input terminal of the first optical phase shifter are connected to the output terminal of the first electro-optical module, and the output terminal of the first optical filter and the output terminal of the first optical phase shifter are connected to the input terminal of the first multiplexer. The first optical processing module includes at least one O-PS1and at least one O-F1, so that optical filtering and optical phase shift can be separately performed on an analog optical signal at any wavelength, and optical processing can be separately performed on signals at a plurality of frequencies and bandwidths. In addition, a sequence of positions of the O-F1and the O-PS1is adjustable, so that the positions of the O-F1and the O-PS1can be flexibly arranged. This improves flexibility of disposing the O-F1and the O-PS1, and facilitates implementation.

Type 2: The first optical processing module does not include at least one O-F1, but includes at least one O-PS1. In this case, one O-PS1may be located between the first electro-optical module and the first MUX. An output terminal of the O-PS1is connected to the input terminal of the first MUX. An input terminal of the O-PS1is connected to the output terminal of the first optical-electrical module (for example, the electro-optical module111), as shown inFIG. 7. In other words, the input terminal of the first optical phase shifter is connected to the output terminal of the first electro-optical module, and the output terminal of the first optical phase shifter is connected to the input terminal of the first multiplexer. The first optical processing module includes at least one O-PS1, so that optical phase shift can be separately performed on an analog optical signal at any wavelength, and optical phase shift can be separately performed on signals at a plurality of frequencies and bandwidths. This facilitates implementation.

Type 3: The first optical processing module does not include at least one O-PS1, but includes at least one O-F1. In this case, one O-F1may be located between the first electro-optical module and the first MUX. An output terminal of the O-F1is connected to the input terminal of the first MUX. An input terminal of the O-F1is connected to the output terminal of the first optical-electrical module (for example, the electro-optical module111), as shown inFIG. 8. The input terminal of the first optical filter is connected to the output terminal of the first electro-optical module, and the output terminal of the first optical filter is connected to the input terminal of the first multiplexer. The first optical processing module includes at least one O-F1, so that optical filtering can be separately performed on an analog optical signal at any wavelength, and optical filtering can be separately performed on signals at a plurality of frequencies and bandwidths. This facilitates implementation.

It should be understood that, in this embodiment of this application, if the receive link120includes the second optical processing module, for a path through which any RX signal passes, positions and sequences of an O-PS2and an O-F2may be similar to the positions and the sequences of the O-PS1and the O-F1in the transmit link. For similar descriptions, refer to the foregoing related descriptions of the positions and the sequences of the O-PS1and the O-F1. For brevity, details are not described herein again.

Optionally, in some possible implementations of this application, the transmit link110is used as an example for description, as shown inFIG. 9andFIG. 10. For a path through which any TX signal passes, there may be the following two positions of an O-PA:

Type 1: The first optical processing module does not include at least one O-PA1, but the central unit100includes at least one post optical power amplifier O-PA11. An input terminal of the O-PA11is connected to the output terminal of the first MUX, and an output terminal of the O-PA1is connected to the input terminal of the optical fiber, as shown inFIG. 9. In other words, the input terminal of the O-PA11is connected to the output terminal of the first multiplexer, and the output terminal of the O-PA11is connected to the input terminal of the optical fiber. In this implementation, analog optical signals at different wavelengths output by the first MUX can be amplified in a unified manner. This can reduce a quantity of optical power amplifiers required by the central unit100, and reduce costs and complexity of implementation.

Type 2: The first optical processing module includes at least one O-PA1, but the central unit100does not include at least one post optical power amplifier O-PA11. An input terminal of the O-PA1is connected to the output terminal of the first electro-optical module (for example, the electro-optical module111), and an output terminal of the O-PA1is connected to the input terminal of the first MUX, as shown inFIG. 10. The O-PA1is located between the first electro-optical module and the first MUX. In other words, the output terminal of the first optical power amplifier is connected to the input terminal of the first multiplexer. In this implementation, optical power amplification can be separately performed on each analog optical signal. In this way, efficiency and precision of performing optical power amplification on analog optical signals at different wavelengths can be improved, and implementation flexibility is high.

It should be understood that, in this embodiment of this application, when the first optical processing module includes at least one O-PA1, the central unit100may also include at least one O-PA11. For example,FIG. 3shows a case in which the central unit100may also include at least one O-PA11when the first optical processing module includes at least one O-PA1.

It should be understood that, in this embodiment of this application, the central unit100may alternatively not include at least one first optical processing module, but include at least one post optical power amplifier O-PA11, for example, as shown in the architecture inFIG. 9.

It should be understood that, in this embodiment of this application, if the receive link120includes at least one second optical processing module and the second optical processing module includes an O-PA2, for a path through which any RX signal passes, positions of the O-PA2may be similar to the positions of the O-PA1in the transmit link. For similar descriptions, refer to the foregoing related descriptions of the positions of the O-PA1. For brevity, details are not described herein again.

It should be further understood that, in this embodiment of this application, when the second optical processing module includes at least one O-PA2, the receive link120may also include at least one pre-optical power amplifier O-PA22. For example,FIG. 3shows a case in which the receive link120may also include at least one O-PA22when the second optical processing module includes at least one O-PA2.

It should be understood that, in this embodiment of this application, the receive link120may alternatively not include at least one second optical processing module, but include at least one O-PA22.

It should be further understood that, for the transmit link110, when the first optical processing module includes an O-PS1, an O-F1, and an O-PA1, any sequence of positions of the O-PS1and the O-F1may be combined with any sequence of a position of the O-PA1. In addition, a sequence of positions of the O-PS1and the O-Ft and a position of the O-PA1after combination is not limited. A sequence or a sequence of positions of the O-PS1, the O-F1, and the O-PA1is adjustable. The sequence or the sequence of positions of the O-PS1, the O-F1, and the O-PA1is not limited in this embodiment of this application. For example, the O-PA1may be located between the O-PS1and the O-F1. For another example, the O-PA1may be located before the O-PS1and the O-F1. For another example, the O-PA1may be located after the O-PS1and the O-F1. In this way, optical filtering, optical phase shift, and optical power amplification can be separately performed on an analog optical signal at any wavelength, and optical processing can be separately performed on signals at a plurality of frequencies and bandwidths. In addition, the sequence of positions of the O-F1, the O-PS1, and the O-PA1is adjustable, so that the positions of the O-F1, the O-PS1, and the O-PA1can be flexibly arranged. This improves flexibility of arranging the positions of the O-F1, the O-PS1, and the O-PA1, and facilitates implementation.

It should be further understood that, for the receive link120, when the second optical processing module includes an O-PS2, an O-F2, and an O-PA2, any sequence of positions of the O-PS2and the O-F2may be combined with any sequence of a position of the O-PA2. In addition, a sequence of positions of the O-PS2and the O-F2and a position of the O-PA2after combination is not limited. For example, when the second optical processing module further includes at least one O-PA2, a sequence or a sequence of positions of the O-PS2, the O-F2, and the O-PA2is adjustable. The sequence or the sequence of positions of the O-PS2, the O-F2, and the O-PA2is not limited in this embodiment of this application. For example, the O-PA2may be located between the O-PS2and the O-F2. For another example, the O-PA2may be located before the O-PS2and the O-F2. For another example, the O-PA2may be located after the O-PS2and the O-F2.

Optionally, for the transmit link110, an electrical power amplifier PA may further exist before any electro-optical module. The PA is configured to electrically amplify an analog electrical signal to be input into the any electro-optical module, and then input an amplified analog electrical signal into the electro-optical module. In this way, an analog electrical signal at any wavelength can be separately amplified, so that transmit quality and a transmit power can be ensured, and transmit efficiency can be improved.

Optionally, for the receive link120, an electrical power amplifier PA may further exist after any optical-electrical module. The PA is configured to amplify an analog electrical signal output by the any optical-electrical module, and then input an amplified analog electrical signal into the ADC.

It should be further understood that, in this embodiment of this application, for the transmit link110and the receive link120, any possible structural form of the transmit link110may be combined with any possible structural form of the receive link120, to obtain a plurality of possible architectures of the central unit100. This is not limited herein in this embodiment of this application.

Optionally, in some possible implementations of this application, the central unit100may further include a light source module. The light source module is configured to generate an optical carrier. The light source module may be located in the transmit link or in the receive link. For example, the light source module may be an RX multi-wavelength light source module. The light source module generates one or more optical carriers at different wavelengths. This can ensure quality of an analog optical signal output by any first electro-optical module, and improve efficiency of outputting the analog optical signal.

In a possible implementation, the one or more optical carriers at different wavelengths generated by the light source module are transmitted to another device through the first MUX and the optical fiber, so that the another device generates an optical signal based on the optical carrier. Optionally, the one or more optical carriers at different wavelengths generated by the light source module may alternatively be transmitted through another optical fiber or another MUX.

In another possible implementation, because a radio frequency signal and an optical carrier are input into a first electro-optical module, the first electro-optical module modulates the radio frequency signal to the optical carrier, and outputs an analog optical signal. The analog optical signal output by the first electro-optical module includes the optical carrier and a modulated radio frequency signal. The radio frequency signal input into the first electro-optical module may be generated by the digital signal processing module and obtained through processing by the intermediate and radio frequency module. The optical carrier may be provided by the light source module or another module. This is not limited herein in this application.

Optionally, in some possible implementations of this application, for the communications central unit100shown in any one ofFIG. 3toFIG. 10, TX1is used as an example for an analog optical signal at any wavelength in the transmit link. Because the TX1may be a combined signal of a plurality of signals at different frequencies, after the combined signal passes through the O-PS1, the O-F1, and the O-PA1in the transmit link, optical power amplification and phase shift are implemented for the combined signal in a unified manner. The signals at different frequencies in the combined signal have a same beam direction and power. However, in actual application, the signals at different frequencies may need to have different beam directions and powers. Therefore, the transmit link110of the central unit100may further include at least one electrical processing unit.

Any electrical processing unit includes at least one of: at least one electrical power amplifier, at least one electrical phase shifter, and an electrical combiner.

Each electrical power amplifier is configured to amplify an analog electrical signal at one frequency.

Each electrical phase shifter is configured to shift a phase of an analog electrical signal at one frequency.

The electrical combiner is configured to: combine a plurality of analog electrical signals at different frequencies that pass through all electrical power amplifiers and all electrical phase shifters into one electrical signal, and then input the one electrical signal into the first electro-optical module; or combine a plurality of analog electrical signals at different frequencies into one electrical signal, and then input the one electrical signal into the first electro-optical module.

According to the central unit provided in this application, any analog electrical signal including a plurality of different frequencies is input into the first electro-optical module. Electrical phase shift and/or electrical power amplification are/is separately performed on an electrical signal at each frequency. Analog electrical signals at different frequencies on which the electrical phase shifter and/or electrical power amplification are/is separately performed are combined into one electrical signal, and then the one electrical signal is input into the first electro-optical module. Then, optical processing is performed on the analog optical signal output by the first electro-optical module. Through two-level power amplification and/or phase shift, that is, optical and electrical power amplification and/or phase shift, unified power amplification and/or phase shift of beams at a plurality of frequencies are/is supported in optical domain, and separate power amplification and/or phase shift of beams at a plurality of frequencies are/is supported in electrical domain. Therefore, different beam directions and/or powers of signals at different frequencies are controlled. This ensures signal transmission quality and efficiency.

Optionally, in some possible implementations of this application, the electrical processing unit includes at least one electrical power amplifier and an electrical combiner. An input terminal of the electrical power amplifier is configured to input a plurality of analog electrical signals at different frequencies. An output terminal of the at least one electrical power amplifier is connected to an input terminal of the electrical combiner. An output terminal of the electrical combiner is connected to the input terminal of the first electro-optical module.

Optionally, in some possible implementations of this application, the electrical processing unit includes at least one electrical phase shifter and an electrical combiner. An input terminal of the electrical phase shifter is configured to input a plurality of analog electrical signals at different frequencies. An output terminal of the at least one electrical phase shifter is connected to an input terminal of the electrical combiner. An output terminal of the electrical combiner is connected to the input terminal of the first electro-optical module.

Optionally, in some possible implementations of this application, the electrical processing unit includes at least one electrical power amplifier, at least one electrical phase shifter, and an electrical combiner. The electrical power amplifier is connected to the electrical phase shifter. An input terminal of the electrical power amplifier and an input terminal of the electrical phase shifter are configured to input an analog electrical signal at one frequency. An output terminal of the electrical power amplifier and an output terminal of the electrical phase shifter are connected to an input terminal of the electrical combiner. An output terminal of the electrical combiner is connected to the output terminal of the first electro-optical module.

It should be understood that, that the electrical power amplifier is connected to the electrical phase shifter may include: The output terminal of the electrical power amplifier is connected to the input terminal of the electrical phase shifter, that is, the electrical power amplifier is located before the electrical phase shifter. In this case, the input terminal of the electrical power amplifier and the input terminal of the electrical phase shifter are the input terminal of the electrical power amplifier, and the output terminal of the electrical power amplifier and the output terminal of the electrical phase shifter are the output terminal of the electrical phase shifter. Alternatively, the output terminal of the electrical phase shifter may be connected to the input terminal of the electrical power amplifier, that is, the electrical phase shifter is located before the electrical power amplifier. In this case, the input terminal of the electrical power amplifier and the input terminal of the electrical phase shifter are the input terminal of the electrical phase shifter, and the output terminal of the electrical power amplifier and the output terminal of the electrical phase shifter are the output terminal of the electrical power amplifier.

Before analog electrical signals that include a plurality of different frequencies are input into the first electro-optical module, the electrical phase shifter and/or the electrical power amplifier are/is disposed to separately perform electrical phase shift or electrical power amplification on an electrical signal at each frequency in the analog electrical signals that include a plurality of different frequencies and that are input into the first electro-optical module. In this way, unified power amplification and/or phase shift of beams at a plurality of frequencies are/is supported in optical domain, and separate power amplification and/or phase shift of beams at a plurality of frequencies are/is supported in electrical domain. In addition, a sequence of positions of the electrical phase shifter and the electrical power amplifier is adjustable, so that the positions of the electrical phase shifter and the electrical power amplifier can be flexibly arranged. This improves flexibility of disposing the electrical phase shifter and the electrical power amplifier, and facilitates implementation.

The following provides a description with reference to a specific example. It should be understood that, in the following example, only TX1is used as an example for description. For any input signal TX in any transmit link110, a processing process of the input signal TX is the same as that of the TX1. For a similar description, refer to a description of the TX1.

FIG. 11is a schematic diagram of an example in which the central unit includes a plurality of electrical power amplifiers, a plurality of electrical phase shifters, and an electrical combiner. As shown inFIG. 11, a plurality of electrical power amplifiers TX1are used as an example for description. The TX1is a combined signal of a plurality of electrical signals at different frequencies TXF1, TXF2, . . . , and TXFN. An output terminal of the DAC outputs the plurality of electrical signals at different frequencies TXF1, TXF2, . . . , and TXFN. Electrical power amplifiers31to3N each are configured to separately amplify an electrical signal at one frequency. The electrical power amplifiers31to3N output processed signals to a plurality of electrical phase shifters41to4N respectively. The plurality of electrical phase shifters41to4N each are configured to separately shift a phase of an electrical signal at one frequency. Output terminals of the plurality of electrical phase shifters41to4N are connected to an input terminal of the electrical combiner. An output terminal of the electrical combiner outputs the TX1. The TX1may be input into the electro-optical module111and enter the transmit link110. For an optical processing process of the TX1in the transmit link, refer to the foregoing description of the processing process of the TX1shown inFIG. 3toFIG. 10. For brevity, details are not described herein again. After optical processing, the TX1is input into the optical fiber for sending. The architecture shown inFIG. 11implements control on beam powers and directions of signals at a plurality of frequencies in electrical domain.

FIG. 12is a schematic diagram of an example in which the central unit100includes a plurality of electrical power amplifiers, an electrical combiner, and an electrical splitter. As shown inFIG. 12, a plurality of electrical power amplifiers TX1are used as an example for description. The TX1is a combined signal of a plurality of electrical signals at different frequencies TXF1, TXF2, . . . , and TXFN. An output terminal of the DAC outputs the plurality of electrical signals at different frequencies TXF1, TXF2, . . . , and TXFN. Electrical power amplifiers31to3N each are configured to separately amplify an electrical signal at one frequency. Output terminals of the electrical power amplifiers31to3N are connected to an input terminal of the electrical combiner. An output terminal of the electrical combiner outputs the TX1. The TX1may be input into the electro-optical module111and enter the transmit link110. For an optical processing process of the TX1in the transmit link, refer to the foregoing description of the processing process of the TX1shown inFIG. 3toFIG. 10. For brevity, details are not described herein again. After optical processing, the TX1is input into the optical fiber for sending. The architecture shown inFIG. 12implements control on beam powers of signals at a plurality of frequencies in electrical domain.

FIG. 13is a schematic diagram of an example in which the central unit includes a plurality of electrical phase shifters, an electrical combiner, and an electrical splitter. As shown inFIG. 13, a plurality of electrical power amplifiers TX1are used as an example for description. The TX1is a combined signal of a plurality of electrical signals at different frequencies TXF1, TXF2, . . . , and TXFN. An input terminal of the electrical splitter is connected to an output terminal of the DAC, and decomposes one signal output by the DAC into the plurality of electrical signals at different frequencies TXF1, TXF2, . . . , and TXFN. A plurality of electrical phase shifters41to4N each are configured to separately shift a phase of an electrical signal at one frequency. Output terminals of the plurality of electrical phase shifters41to4N are connected to an input terminal of the electrical combiner. An output terminal of the electrical combiner outputs the TX1. The TX1may be input into the electro-optical module111and enter the transmit link110. For an optical processing process of the TX1in the transmit link, refer to the foregoing description of the processing process of the TX1shown inFIG. 3toFIG. 10. For brevity, details are not described herein again. After optical processing, the TX1is input into the optical fiber for sending. The architecture shown inFIG. 11implements control on beam powers and directions of signals at a plurality of frequencies in electrical domain.

FIG. 14is a schematic diagram of an architecture of an example in which the communications central unit further includes a plurality of electrical power amplifiers and an electrical combiner. As shown inFIG. 14, an example in which the plurality of electrical power amplifiers and the electrical combiner process TX1is used for description. The plurality of electrical power amplifiers and the electrical combiner are located before the DAC. The TX1is a combined signal of a plurality of electrical signals at different frequencies TXF1, TXF2, and TXFN. Electrical power amplifiers31to3N each are configured to separately amplify an electrical signal at one frequency. Output terminals of the electrical power amplifiers31to3N are connected to an input terminal of the electrical combiner. An output terminal of the electrical combiner outputs the TX1. After the TX1passes through the DAC, the TX1may be input into the electro-optical module111and enter the transmit link110. For a processing process of the TX1in the transmit link110, refer to the foregoing description of the processing process of the TX1shown inFIG. 3toFIG. 10. For brevity, details are not described herein again. After optical processing, the TX1is input into the optical fiber for sending. The architecture shown inFIG. 15implements separate power amplification on beam powers of signals at a plurality of frequencies in electrical domain.

FIG. 15is a schematic diagram of an architecture of an example in which the communications central unit further includes a plurality of electrical power amplifiers, a plurality of electrical phase shifters, and an electrical combiner. As shown inFIG. 15, an example in which the plurality of electrical power amplifiers, the plurality of electrical phase shifters, the electrical combiner, and an electrical splitter process TX1is used for description. The TX1is a combined signal of a plurality of electrical signals at different frequencies TXF1, TXF2, . . . , and TXFN. The plurality of electrical power amplifiers are connected to the plurality of electrical phase shifters. Optionally, output terminals of the plurality of electrical power amplifiers may be connected to input terminals of the plurality of electrical phase shifters respectively, that is, the plurality of electrical power amplifiers are located before the plurality of electrical phase shifters. Alternatively, output terminals of the plurality of electrical phase shifters may be connected to input terminals of the plurality of electrical power amplifiers respectively, that is, the plurality of electrical phase shifters are located before the plurality of electrical power amplifiers. After the electrical signals at different frequencies TXF1, TXF2, and TXFNpass through the electrical power amplifiers, the electrical phase shifters, and the electrical combiner, the TX1is output. After the TX1passes through the DAC, the TX1may be input into the electro-optical module111for optical processing. For an optical processing process, refer to the foregoing description of the processing process of the TX1shown inFIG. 3toFIG. 10. For brevity, details are not described herein again. After optical processing, the TX1is input into the optical fiber for sending. As shown inFIG. 15, the output terminals of the plurality of electrical power amplifiers are connected to the input terminals of the plurality of electrical phase shifters respectively. The architecture shown inFIG. 15implements control on beam directions and powers of signals at a plurality of frequencies.

An embodiment of this application provides a remote unit200. With reference toFIG. 16, the following describes the remote unit200provided in this application. It should be understood that the remote unit in this application may be an RRU or a DU.

As shown inFIG. 16, the remote unit200includes a transmit link210and a receive link220.

The transmit link210includes:

a second DEMUX, configured to decompose one analog optical signal into a plurality of analog optical signals at different wavelengths;

at least one third optical processing module, where any third optical processing module includes at least one of the following components: at least one third optical filter O-F3, at least one third optical phase shifter O-PS3, and at least one third optical power amplifier O-PA3, the O-F3is configured to filter an analog optical signal, the O-PS3is configured to shift a phase of the analog optical signal, and the O-PA3is configured to amplify the analog optical signal; and the third optical processing module is configured to obtain an analog optical signal at one wavelength output by the second DEMUX, and output an analog optical signal processed by the third optical processing module; and

at least one second optical-electrical module, whereFIG. 16is a schematic diagram of a plurality of second optical-electrical modules; the at least one second optical-electrical module is one or more of optical-electrical modules211to21M shown inFIG. 14; and each second optical-electrical module is configured to receive one analog optical signal, and convert the one analog optical signal into an analog electrical signal, and optionally, one second optical-electrical module is configured to convert one analog optical signal output by one third optical processing module into an analog electrical signal, and send the analog electrical signal through an antenna unit.

The receive link220includes:

at least one second electro-optical module, where the at least one second electro-optical module is one or more of an electro-optical module221to an electro-optical module22M shown inFIG. 16, each second electro-optical module is configured to receive one analog electrical signal RX and convert the one analog electrical signal RX into an analog optical signal, and analog optical signals output by different second electro-optical modules may have different wavelengths; and

a second MUX, configured to combine a plurality of analog optical signals at different wavelengths output by the at least one second electro-optical module into one analog optical signal, where as shown inFIG. 16, the second MUX combines a plurality of analog optical signals at different wavelengths output by the electro-optical module221to the electro-optical module22M into one analog optical signal.

Optionally, the receive link220may further include at least one fourth optical processing module. Any fourth optical processing module includes at least one of the following components: at least one fourth optical filter O-F4and at least one fourth optical phase shifter O-PS4.

The O-F4is configured to filter an analog optical signal, and the O-PS4is configured to shift a phase of the analog optical signal.

Optionally, the fourth optical processing module may further include at least one fourth optical power amplifier O-PA4. The O-PA4is configured to amplify the analog optical signal.

One fourth optical processing module is configured to obtain an analog optical signal output by one second electro-optical module, and output an analog optical signal processed by the fourth optical processing module. The analog optical signal output by the at least one fourth optical processing module is input into the second MUX.

FIG. 16is a schematic diagram in which the transmit link210and the receive link220include the third optical processing module and the fourth optical processing module respectively.

For the transmit link210, an analog optical signal transmitted on an optical fiber is transmitted to the second DEMUX. It should be understood that the analog optical signal input into the second DEMUX includes a plurality of signals at different wavelengths. The second DEMUX decomposes (de-multiplexes) the input analog optical signal into a plurality of analog optical signals at different wavelengths. One analog optical signal obtained through decomposition sequentially passes through one O-PS3, one O-F3, one O-PA3, and one second optical-electrical module, and finally be converted into an analog electrical signal.

Optionally, for the transmit link210, an electrical power amplifier PA3may further exist after any optical-electrical module. One PA3may be configured to amplify an analog electrical signal output by one optical-electrical module, and then send an amplified analog electrical signal to a terminal device or another device through the antenna unit. That is, the remote unit200may further include the antenna unit. In this way, an analog electrical signal at any wavelength can be separately amplified, so that transmit quality and a transmit power can be ensured, and transmit efficiency can be improved.

Optionally, an analog electrical signal output by any second optical-electrical module may not pass through the PA3, but is directly sent through the antenna unit. That is, the transmit link210may not include the PA3.

Optionally, before the analog optical signal is input into the second DEMUX, a pre-optical power amplifier O-PA33may further exist. The O-PA33is configured to amplify one analog optical signal, and then input an amplified analog optical signal into the second DEMUX. An input terminal of the O-PA33is connected to an output terminal of the optical fiber, and an output terminal of the O-PA33is connected to an input terminal of the second DEMUX. Analog optical signals at different wavelengths input into the second DEMUX can be amplified in a unified manner. For example, when the analog optical signals at different wavelengths need to be amplified by a same multiple, an optical power amplifier O-PA3may not be disposed on a transmission path of each analog optical signal after the second DEMUX. This can reduce a quantity of optical power amplifiers required by the remote unit200, and reduce costs and complexity of implementation. Alternatively, when the analog optical signals at different wavelengths need to be amplified by different multiples, the pre-optical power amplifier O-PA33may amplify the analog optical signals at different wavelengths in a unified manner. However, an optical power amplifier O-PA3disposed on a transmission path of each analog optical signal after the second DEMUX may separately amplify the analog optical signal. In this way, efficiency of performing optical power amplification on the analog optical signals at different wavelengths can be improved, implementation is flexible, and two-level optical power amplification is implemented.

As shown inFIG. 16, for the receive link220, a received radio frequency signal RX1is used as an example for description. The RX1may be received through the antenna unit and transmitted to the electro-optical module221. Specifically, the radio frequency signal and an optical carrier are input into the optical-electrical module211. The optical carrier may be generated by the electro-optical module221or a light source module included in the electro-optical module221, or the optical carrier may be provided by an external light source. An analog optical signal output by the electro-optical module221sequentially passes through the O-PA4, the O-F4, and the O-PS4. An analog electrical signal output by the O-PS4is input into the second MUX. It should be understood that analog optical signals that are input into the second MUX by different (O-PS4)s may have different wavelengths. The second MUX combines the plurality of analog optical signals at different wavelengths into one analog optical signal.

Optionally, the analog optical signal output by the second MUX may be further amplified by a post optical power amplifier O-PA44, then output to the optical fiber, and transmitted to another device through the optical fiber. That is, the post optical power amplifier O-PA44may exist after the second MUX. An output terminal of the O-PA44is connected to an input terminal of the optical fiber, and an input terminal of the O-PA44is connected to an output terminal of the second MUX. Analog optical signals at different wavelengths output by the first MUX can be amplified in a unified manner. For example, when the analog optical signals at different wavelengths need to be amplified by a same multiple, an optical power amplifier O-PA4may not be disposed on a transmission path of each analog optical signal before the second MUX. This can reduce a quantity of optical power amplifiers required by the remote unit200, and reduce costs and complexity of implementation. Alternatively, when the analog optical signals at different wavelengths need to be amplified by different multiples, the post optical power amplifier O-PA44may amplify the analog optical signals at different wavelengths in a unified manner. However, an optical power amplifier O-PA4disposed on a transmission path of each analog optical signal before the second MUX may separately amplify the analog optical signal. In this way, efficiency of performing optical power amplification on the analog optical signals at different wavelengths can be improved, implementation is flexible, and two-level optical power amplification is implemented.

In this embodiment of this application, the transmit link210may be a link for the remote unit200to send a signal to another device (for example, a terminal device), and the transmit link210may also be referred to as a downlink.

In this embodiment of this application, the receive link220may be understood as a link for the remote unit200to receive a signal sent by another device. The receive link220may also be referred to as an uplink.

It should be understood that, in this embodiment of this application, a plurality of third optical processing modules may be integrated into one optical processor, and a plurality of fourth optical processing modules may also be integrated into one optical processor.

It should be further understood that, in this embodiment of this application, any one or more of a plurality of optical processing components included in one third optical processing module may be integrated into one optical processor. For example, it is assumed that one third optical processing module includes an O-PS3, an O-F3, and an O-PA3. The O-PS3and the O-F3may be integrated into one optical processor, the O-F3and the O-PA3may be integrated into one optical processor, or the O-PS3, the O-F3, and the O-PA3may be integrated into one optical processor.

Similarly, any one or more of a plurality of optical processing components included in one fourth optical processing module may also be integrated into one optical processor.

It should be further understood thatFIG. 16is merely an example, and should not constitute a limitation on a sequence (or a sequence of positions) and quantities of (O-PS3)s, (O-F3)s, and (O-PA3)s in the transmit link210, and should not constitute a limitation on a quantity of (O-PA33)s in the transmit link210, either. Similarly,FIG. 3should not constitute a limitation on a sequence (or a sequence of positions) and quantities of (O-PS4)s, (O-F4)s, and (O-PA4)s in the receive link220, and should not constitute a limitation on a quantity of (O-PA44)s in the receive link220, either. For example, an analog optical signal output by an output terminal of the electro-optical module221may pass through one or more of the three optical components: the O-PS4, the O-F4, and the O-PA4, and a quantity, a sequence, and the like of one or more optical components through which the analog optical signal passes may be set based on requirements. Similarly, an analog optical signal output by an output terminal of the second DEMUX may pass through one or more of the three optical components: the O-PS3, the O-F3, and the O-PA3, and a quantity, a sequence, and the like of one or more optical components through which the analog optical signal passes may be set based on requirements.

It should be further understood that optical components (the O-PS3, the O-F3, the O-PA3, the O-PS4, the O-F4, the O-PA4, the PA3, the O-PA33, and the O-PA44) represented by dashed boxes inFIG. 16are optional, and the remote unit200may include only a part or all of the optical components represented by the dashed boxes.

It should be further understood that, as shown inFIG. 16, an analog optical signal is transmitted on the optical fiber, where the analog optical signal may be any one of a QAM modulation signal, an intermediate frequency analog signal, or a radio frequency analog signal. This is not limited herein in this embodiment of this application.

It should be further understood that, in this embodiment of this application, the third optical processing module may be located between the second DEMUX and the second optical-electrical module, and the fourth optical processing module may be located between the electro-optical module and the second MUX.

According to the remote unit provided in this application, at least one optical-electrical component of an optical power amplifier, an optical filter, and an optical phase shifter is disposed in the remote unit, and a sequence of the optical power amplifier, the optical filter, and the optical phase shifter is adjustable, so that the remote unit can support multi-frequency band or high-frequency communication when the remote unit uses a wired analog optical communications technology. This ensures communication quality and efficiency of the remote unit in a multi-frequency band or high-frequency system, and improves communication efficiency of the remote unit. In addition, because an optical component is easy to integrate, a chip may be used for control. Therefore, the remote unit may be controlled by using a miniaturized integrated chip. Costs and complexity of implementation are reduced.

Optionally, in a possible implementation,FIG. 17is another schematic block diagram of a structure of the remote unit200according to this application. The transmit link210includes at least one third optical processing module and/or an O-PA33. The receive link220includes neither at least one fourth optical processing module nor an O-PA44.

Optionally, in a possible implementation,FIG. 18is another schematic block diagram of a structure of the remote unit200according to this application. The transmit link210includes neither at least one third optical processing module nor an O-PA33. The receive link220includes at least one fourth optical processing module and/or an O-PA44.

Optionally, in a possible implementation, the remote unit200may alternatively include only the transmit link210, but not include the receive link220. Alternatively, the remote unit200may not include the transmit link210, but include only the receive link220.

Optionally, in some possible implementations of this application, when the transmit link210includes the third optical processing module, the transmit link210is used as an example for description, as shown inFIG. 19toFIG. 21. For a path through which any TX signal passes, there may be the following three positions and sequences of an O-PS3and an O-F3:

Type 1: As shown inFIG. 19, the third optical processing module includes at least one O-PS3and at least one O-F3. One O-PS3is connected to one O-F3. An output terminal of the O-PS3and an output terminal of the O-F3are connected to an input terminal of the second optical-electrical module (for example, the optical-electrical module211). An input terminal of the O-PS3and an input terminal of the O-F3are connected to the output terminal of the second DEMUX. In addition, that the O-PS3is connected to the O-F3may include: The output terminal of the O-PS3is connected to the input terminal of the O-F3, that is, the O-PS3is located before the O-F3. In this case, the input terminal of the O-PS3and the input terminal of the O-F3are the input terminal of the O-PS3, and the output terminal of the O-PS3and the output terminal of the O-F3are the output terminal of the O-F3. Alternatively, the output terminal of the O-F3is connected to the input terminal of the O-PS3, that is, the O-F3is located before the O-PS3. In this case, the input terminal of the O-F3and the input terminal of the O-PS3are the input terminal of the O-F3, and the output terminal of the O-F3and the output terminal of the O-PS1are the output terminal of the O-PS3.FIG. 19shows an example in which the O-PS3is located before the O-F3. In other words, the third optical filter is connected to the third optical phase shifter, the input terminal of the third optical filter and the input terminal of the third optical phase shifter are connected to the output terminal of the second DEMUX, and the output terminal of the third optical filter and the output terminal of the third optical phase shifter are connected to the input terminal of the second optical-electrical module. The third optical processing module includes at least one O-PS3and at least one O-F3, so that optical filtering and optical phase shift can be separately performed on an analog optical signal at any wavelength, and optical processing can be separately performed on signals at a plurality of frequencies and bandwidths. In addition, a sequence of positions of the O-F3and the O-PS3is adjustable, so that the positions of the O-F3and the O-PS3can be flexibly arranged. This improves flexibility of disposing the O-F3and the O-PS3, and facilitates implementation.

Type 2: The third optical processing module does not include at least one O-F3, but includes at least one O-PS3. In this case, one O-PS3may be located between the second optical-electrical module and the second DEMUX. An input terminal of the O-PS3is connected to the output terminal of the second DEMUX. An output terminal of the O-PS3is connected to the input terminal of the second optical-electrical module (for example, the optical-electrical module211), as shown inFIG. 20. In other words, the input terminal of the third optical phase shifter is connected to the output terminal of the second DEMUX, and the output terminal of the third optical phase shifter is connected to an input terminal of a third optical-electrical module. The third optical processing module includes at least one O-PS3, so that optical phase shift can be separately performed on an analog optical signal at any wavelength, and optical phase shift can be separately performed on signals at a plurality of frequencies and bandwidths. This facilitates implementation.

Type 3: The third optical processing module does not include at least one O-PS3, but includes at least one O-F3. In this case, the O-F3may be located between the second optical-electrical module and the second DEMUX. An input terminal of the O-F3is connected to the output terminal of the second DEMUX. An output terminal of the O-F3is connected to the output terminal of the second optical-electrical module (for example, the optical-electrical module211), as shown inFIG. 21. In other words, the input terminal of the third optical filter is connected to the output terminal of the second demultiplexer, and the output terminal of the third optical filter is connected to an input terminal of a third optical-electrical module. The third optical processing module includes at least one O-F3, so that optical filtering can be separately performed on an analog optical signal at any wavelength, and optical filtering can be separately performed on signals at a plurality of frequencies and bandwidths. This facilitates implementation.

It should be understood that, in this embodiment of this application, if the receive link220includes the fourth optical processing module, for a path through which any RX signal passes, positions and sequences of an O-PS4and an O-F4may be similar to the positions and the sequences of the O-PS4and the O-F4in the transmit link210. For similar descriptions, refer to the foregoing related descriptions of the positions and the sequences of the O-PS4and the O-F4. For brevity, details are not described herein again.

Optionally, in some possible implementations of this application, the transmit link210is used as an example for description, as shown inFIG. 22andFIG. 23. For a path through which any TX signal passes, there may be the following two positions of an O-PA:

Type 1: The third optical processing module includes at least one O-PA3, but the remote unit200does not include at least one O-PA33. An input terminal of the O-PA3is connected to the output terminal of the second DEMUX, and an output terminal of the O-PA3is connected to the input terminal of the second optical-electrical module (for example, the optical-electrical module211). As shown inFIG. 22, the O-PA3is located between the optical-electrical module and the second DEMUX. In this implementation, analog optical signals at different wavelengths input into the second DEMUX can be amplified in a unified manner. This can reduce a quantity of optical power amplifiers required by the central unit100, and reduce costs and complexity of implementation.

Type 2: The third optical processing module does not include at least one O-PA3, but the remote unit200includes at least one O-PA33. As shown inFIG. 23, the O-PA33is located between the optical fiber and the second DEMUX. In this implementation, optical power amplification can be separately performed on each analog optical signal. In this way, efficiency and precision of performing optical power amplification on analog optical signals at different wavelengths can be improved, and implementation flexibility is high.

It should be understood that, in this embodiment of this application, when the third optical processing module includes at least one O-PA3, the transmit link210may also include at least one O-PA33. For example,FIG. 16shows a case in which the transmit link210may also include at least one O-PA33when the third optical processing module includes at least one O-PA3.

It should be understood that, in this embodiment of this application, the remote unit200may alternatively not include at least one third optical processing module, but include at least one O-PA33, as shown inFIG. 23. Optionally, inFIG. 23, the remote unit200may not include at least one PA3.

It should be understood that, in this embodiment of this application, if the receive link220includes the fourth optical processing module and the fourth optical processing module includes an O-PA4, for a path through which any RX signal passes, positions of the O-PA4may be similar to the positions of the O-PA3in the transmit link210. For similar descriptions, refer to the foregoing related descriptions of the positions of the O-PA3. For brevity, details are not described herein again.

It should be further understood that, in this embodiment of this application, when the fourth optical processing module includes at least one O-PA4, the receive link220may also include at least one O-PA44. For example,FIG. 16shows a case in which the receive link120may also include at least one O-PA44when the fourth optical processing module includes at least one O-PA4.

It should be understood that, in this embodiment of this application, the remote unit200may alternatively not include at least one fourth optical processing module, but include at least one O-PA44.

It should be further understood that, for the transmit link210, when the third optical processing module includes an O-PS3, an O-F3, and an O-PA3, any sequence of positions of the O-PS3and the O-F3may be combined with any sequence of a position of the O-PA3. In addition, a sequence of positions of the O-PS3and the O-F3and a position of the O-PA3after combination is not limited. A sequence or a sequence of positions of the O-PS3, the O-F3, and the O-PA3is adjustable. The sequence or the sequence of positions of the O-PS3, the O-F3, and the O-PA3is not limited in this embodiment of this application. For example, the O-PA3may be located between the O-PS3and the O-F3. For another example, the O-PA3may be located before the O-PS3and the O-F3. For another example, the O-PA3may be located after the O-PS3and the O-F3. In this way, optical filtering, optical phase shift, and optical power amplification can be separately performed on an analog optical signal at any wavelength, and optical processing can be separately performed on signals at a plurality of frequencies and bandwidths. In addition, the sequence of positions of the O-F3, the O-PS3, and the O-PA3is adjustable, so that the positions of the O-F3, the O-PS3, and the O-PA3can be flexibly arranged. This improves flexibility of arranging the positions of the O-F3, the O-PS3, and the O-PA3, and facilitates implementation.

It should be further understood that, for the receive link220, any sequence of positions of the O-PS4and the O-F4may be combined with any sequence of a position of the O-PA4. In addition, a sequence of positions of the O-PS4and the O-F4and a position of the O-PA4after combination is not limited. For example, when the fourth optical processing module further includes at least one O-PA4, a sequence or a sequence of positions of the O-PS4, the O-F4, and the O-PA4is adjustable. The sequence or the sequence of positions of the O-PS4, the O-F4, and the O-PA4is not limited in this embodiment of this application.

It should be further understood that, in this embodiment of this application, for the transmit link210and the receive link220, any possible structural form of the transmit link210may be combined with any possible structural form of the receive link220, to obtain a plurality of possible architectures of the remote unit200. This is not limited herein in this embodiment of this application.

In this embodiment of this application, a radio frequency signal and an optical carrier are input into any second electro-optical module in the receive link220, and an analog optical signal is output. In other words, the second electro-optical module receives the radio frequency signal and the optical carrier, modulates the radio frequency signal to the optical carrier, and outputs the analog optical signal. The analog optical signal output by the second electro-optical module includes the optical carrier and a modulated radio frequency signal. The radio frequency signal input into the second electro-optical module may be received by the antenna unit and transmitted to the second electro-optical module. The optical carrier may be obtained by the second electro-optical module (any second electro-optical module, for example, the electro-optical module221) in the following three manners.

Manner 1: The second electro-optical module generates the optical carrier and modulates the radio frequency signal. For example, the second electro-optical module may include a direct modulation light source module, and the direct modulation light source module supports generation of both the optical carrier and the modulated radio frequency signal. The direct modulation light source module receives the radio frequency signal from the antenna unit, and may generate the optical carrier. The direct modulation light source module modulates the received radio frequency signal to the optical carrier, and outputs the analog optical signal. For another example, the second electro-optical module may include a light source module and an external modulation module. The light source module is configured to generate the optical carrier. The external modulation module is configured to receive the radio frequency signal, modulate the radio frequency signal to the optical carrier, and output the analog optical signal. Optionally, the light source module and the external modulation module may be located in the RRU. The second electro-optical module generates the optical carrier and modulates the radio frequency signal, so that no additional light source is required to generate the optical carrier. This reduces costs. In addition, because the generated optical carrier does not need to be transmitted over a long distance, quality of the optical carrier is ensured.

Manner 2: The second electro-optical module receives a dedicated optical carrier from the downlink (the transmit link) and implements modulation. In this manner, a light source module may exist in an external device (for example, a BBU), and is configured to generate the optical carrier.FIG. 24is a schematic diagram in which the second electro-optical module (for example, the electro-optical modules221and222) receives the dedicated optical carrier from the downlink and implements modulation. For example, the light source module may be an RX multi-wavelength light source module. The light source module generates one or more optical carriers at different wavelengths. The one or more optical carriers at different wavelengths sequentially pass through the optical fiber and the second DEMUX, are split into a plurality of optical carriers at different wavelengths after passing through the second DEMUX, and are separately transmitted to a second electro-optical module (for example, the electro-optical module221and the electro-optical module222in the figure). Optionally, the second electro-optical module may include an external modulation module. The external modulation module is configured to obtain the radio frequency signal received by the antenna unit, modulate the radio frequency signal to the optical carrier, and output the analog optical signal. For example, the light source module may be disposed in a BBU, and the optical carrier generated by the light source module is transmitted to the second electro-optical module through the receive link. In Manner 1, the electro-optical module generates the optical carrier and implement modulation. The electro-optical module is disposed in the RRU. Because the RRU is disposed outdoors, a temperature change is significant. This may cause a wavelength drift. In addition, the second MUX and the second DEMUX module cannot effectively combine and split signals at different wavelengths respectively. In Manner 2, because the light source module is disposed in the BBU, and the BBU is disposed indoors, a temperature change is not significant. Therefore, disposing the light source in the BBU and transmitting the generated optical carrier to the second electro-optical module in the RRU can effectively overcome a wavelength drift problem caused by temperature impact.

Optionally, after the light source module generates the optical carrier, the optical carrier may alternatively be transmitted to the second electro-optical module through a dedicated optical fiber and a third DEMUX instead of the optical fiber and the second DEMUX. In other words, the optical fiber and the DEMUX for transmitting the optical carrier generated by the light source module may reuse the optical fiber and the second DEMUX inFIG. 24, or may be an independent optical fiber and an independent DEMUX. This is not limited in this application.

Manner 3: The second electro-optical module recovers an optical carrier from an analog optical signal transmitted in the downlink (the transmit link) and implements electrical signal modulation.FIG. 25is a schematic diagram in which the second electro-optical module recovers the optical carrier from the analog optical signal transmitted in the downlink and implements electrical signal modulation. A second electro-optical module obtains an analog optical signal output by the second DEMUX, and recovers an optical carrier from the analog optical signal. For example, the second electro-optical module may include an optical carrier recovery module and an external modulation module. The optical carrier recovery module receives the analog optical signal output by the second DEMUX, and recovers the optical carrier from the analog optical signal. The external modulation module is configured to receive the radio frequency signal, modulates the radio frequency signal to the optical carrier, and outputs the analog optical signal. Optionally, the optical carrier recovery module and the external modulation module may be located in the RRU. The second electro-optical module recovers the optical carrier from the analog optical signal transmitted in the downlink, and implements electrical signal modulation, so that no additional light source is required to generate the optical carrier. This reduces costs, and improves utilization of the optical carrier.

Optionally, the optical-electrical module in this embodiment of this application may be a photoelectric detector.

In another possible implementation of this application, for the remote unit200shown in any one ofFIG. 16toFIG. 25, TX1is used as an example for an output signal at any wavelength in the transmit link210. Because the analog electrical signal TX1output by the second optical-electrical module may be a combined signal of a plurality of signals at different frequencies, after the combined signal passes through the O-PS3, the O-F3, and the O-PA3in the transmit link210, optical power amplification and phase shift are implemented for the combined signal in a unified manner. The signals at different frequencies in the combined signal have a same beam direction and power. However, in actual application, the signals at different frequencies may need to have different beam directions and powers. Therefore, the transmit link of the remote unit200may further include at least one electrical processing unit.

Any electrical processing unit includes at least one of: at least one electrical power amplifier, at least one electrical phase shifter, and an electrical splitter.

Each electrical power amplifier is configured to amplify an analog electrical signal at one frequency.

Each electrical phase shifter is configured to shift a phase of an analog electrical signal at one frequency.

The electrical splitter is configured to decompose one analog electrical signal output by the second optical-electrical module into a plurality of analog electrical signals at different frequencies.

According to the remote unit provided in this application, any electrical signal output by the second optical-electrical module includes a plurality of different frequencies. The electrical phase shifter and/or electrical power amplification are/is separately performed on an electrical signal at each frequency. Through two-level power amplification and phase shift, that is, optical and electrical power amplification and phase shift, unified power amplification and phase shift of beams at a plurality of frequencies are supported in optical domain, and separate power amplification and phase shift of beams at a plurality of frequencies are supported in electrical domain. Therefore, different beam directions and/or powers of signals at different frequencies are controlled.

Optionally, in some possible implementations of this application, the electrical processing unit includes at least one electrical power amplifier and an electrical splitter. An input terminal of the electrical power amplifier is configured to input a plurality of analog electrical signals at different frequencies. The input terminal of the electrical power amplifier is connected to an output terminal of the electrical splitter. An input terminal of the electrical splitter is connected to an output terminal of the second optical-electrical module.

Optionally, in some other possible implementations of this application, the electrical processing unit includes at least one electrical phase shifter and an electrical splitter. An input terminal of the electrical phase shifter is configured to input a plurality of analog electrical signals at different frequencies. The input terminal of the electrical phase shifter is connected to an output terminal of the electrical splitter. An input terminal of the electrical splitter is connected to an output terminal of the second optical-electrical module.

Optionally, in some other possible implementations of this application, the electrical processing unit includes at least one electrical power amplifier, at least one electrical phase shifter, and an electrical splitter. The electrical power amplifier is connected to the electrical phase shifter. An input terminal of the electrical power amplifier and an input terminal of the electrical phase shifter are connected to an output terminal of the electrical splitter. An input terminal of the electrical splitter is connected to an output terminal of the second optical-electrical module.

Optionally, that the electrical power amplifier is connected to the electrical phase shifter may include: An output terminal of the electrical power amplifier is connected to the input terminal of the electrical phase shifter, that is, the electrical power amplifier is located before the electrical phase shifter. In this case, the input terminal of the electrical power amplifier and the input terminal of the electrical phase shifter are the input terminal of the electrical power amplifier, and the output terminal of the electrical power amplifier and an output terminal of the electrical phase shifter are the output terminal of the electrical phase shifter. Alternatively, an output terminal of the electrical phase shifter is connected to the input terminal of the electrical power amplifier, that is, the electrical phase shifter is located before the electrical power amplifier. In this case, the input terminal of the electrical power amplifier and the input terminal of the electrical phase shifter are the input terminal of the electrical phase shifter, and an output terminal of the electrical power amplifier and the output terminal of the electrical phase shifter are the output terminal of the electrical power amplifier.

The electrical phase shifter and/or the electrical power amplifier are/is disposed to separately perform electrical phase shift and/or electrical power amplification on an electrical signal at each frequency in analog electrical signals that include a plurality of different frequencies and that are output by the second optical-electrical module. In this way, unified power amplification and/or phase shift of beams at a plurality of frequencies are/is supported in optical domain, and separate power amplification and/or phase shift of beams at a plurality of frequencies are/is supported in electrical domain. In addition, a sequence of positions of the electrical phase shifter and the electrical power amplifier is adjustable, so that the positions of the electrical phase shifter and the electrical power amplifier can be flexibly arranged. This improves flexibility of disposing the electrical phase shifter and the electrical power amplifier, and facilitates implementation.

The following provides a description with reference to a specific example. It should be understood that, in the following example, only TX1is used as an example for description. For any output signal TX in any transmit link210, a processing process of the output signal TX is the same as that of the TX1. For a similar description, refer to a description of the TX1.

FIG. 26is a schematic diagram of an architecture of an example in which the remote unit200further includes a plurality of electrical power amplifiers and an electrical splitter. As shown inFIG. 26, the TX1is a combined signal of a plurality of electrical signals at different frequencies TXF1, TXF2, . . . , and TXFN. The electrical splitter splits the TX1into the plurality of analog electrical signals at different frequencies TXF1, TXF2, . . . , and TXFN. The plurality of analog electrical signals at different frequencies TXF1, TXF2, . . . , and TXFNare input into electrical power amplifiers31to3N respectively. The electrical power amplifiers31to3N each are configured to separately amplify an analog signal at one frequency. After power amplification, the signals are separately sent through the antenna unit. The remote unit shown inFIG. 26implements separate power amplification on beam powers of signals at a plurality of frequencies in electrical domain.

FIG. 27is a schematic diagram of an architecture of another example in which the remote unit200further includes a plurality of electrical phase shifters and an electrical splitter. As shown inFIG. 27, the TX1is a combined signal of a plurality of electrical signals at different frequencies TXF1, TXF2, . . . , and TXFN. The electrical splitter splits the TX1into the plurality of analog electrical signals at different frequencies TXF1, TXF2, . . . , and TXFN. The plurality of analog electrical signals at different frequencies TXF1, TXF2, . . . , and TXFNare input into electrical phase shifters41to4N respectively. The electrical phase shifters41to4N each are configured to separately shift a phase of an analog signal at one frequency. After phase shift, the signals are separately sent through the antenna unit. The remote unit shown inFIG. 27implements control on beam directions of signals at a plurality of frequencies in electrical domain.

FIG. 28is a schematic diagram of an architecture of another example in which the remote unit200further includes a plurality of electrical phase shifters, a plurality of electrical power amplifiers, and an electrical splitter. The electrical power amplifier is connected to the electrical phase shifter. Optionally, an output terminal of the electrical power amplifier is connected to an input terminal of the electrical phase shifter, that is, the electrical power amplifier is located before the electrical phase shifter. Alternatively, an output terminal of the electrical phase shifter is connected to an input terminal of the electrical power amplifier, that is, the electrical phase shifter is located before the electrical power amplifier.FIG. 28shows an example in which the electrical power amplifier is located before the electrical phase shifter. The plurality of analog electrical signals at different frequencies TXF1, TXF2, . . . , and TXFNare input into electrical power amplifiers31to3N respectively. The electrical power amplifiers31to3N each are configured to separately amplify an analog signal at one frequency. After power amplification, the plurality of analog electrical signals at different frequencies TXF1, TXF2, and TXFNare input into electrical phase shifters41to4N respectively. The electrical phase shifters41to4N each are configured to separately shift a phase of an electrical signal at one frequency. After phase shift, the signals are separately sent through the antenna unit. The remote unit shown inFIG. 28implements control on beam directions and powers of signals at a plurality of frequencies.

This application further provides a communications apparatus. The communications apparatus300includes the foregoing central unit100and the foregoing remote unit200. Optionally, the communications apparatus300may be an access network device (for example, a base station). The base station may have a distributed base station architecture. According to the apparatus provided in this application, optical components are disposed in the communications apparatus, and the optical components include, for example, an O-PS, an O-F, and an O-PA. In this way, the communications apparatus can support multi-frequency band or high-frequency communication when a fronthaul link of the communications apparatus uses a wired analog optical communications technology. This ensures communication quality and efficiency of the communications apparatus in a multi-frequency band or high-frequency system, and improves communication efficiency of the apparatus.

The following describes a possible structural form of the communications apparatus300with reference to a specific example.

It should be understood that, in the following description, an example in which the central unit100is a BBU and the remote unit200is an RRU is used for description.

FIG. 29AandFIG. 29Bare a schematic block diagram of a possible structure of the communications apparatus300. As shown inFIG. 29AandFIG. 29B, the communications apparatus300includes a communications apparatus100and a communications apparatus200. Neither a receive link120nor a receive link220includes an optical processing module. A transmit link110includes only a post optical power amplifier O-PA11. An input terminal of the O-PA11is connected to an output terminal of a first MUX, and an output terminal of the O-PA11is connected to an input terminal of an optical fiber. A third optical processing module in a transmit link210includes only an O-PS3and an O-F3. The O-PS3is connected to the O-F3. An output terminal of the O-PS3and an output terminal of the O-F3are connected to an input terminal of a second optical-electrical module (for example, an optical-electrical module211). An input terminal of the O-PS3and an input terminal of the O-F3are connected to an output terminal of a second DEMUX. For processing processes of a TX signal and an RX signal, refer to the foregoing descriptions of the processing processes of the TX signal and the RX signal in the apparatus100and the apparatus200. For brevity, details are not described herein again. In addition, in the architecture shown inFIG. 29AandFIG. 29B, a part or all of second electro-optical modules (electro-optical modules221to22M) each generate an optical carrier and modulate a radio frequency signal.

FIG. 30AandFIG. 30Bare a schematic block diagram of a possible structure of the communications apparatus300. As shown inFIG. 30AandFIG. 30B, the communications apparatus300includes a communications apparatus100and a communications apparatus200. Neither a receive link120nor a receive link220includes an optical processing module. A transmit link110includes only a post optical power amplifier O-PA11. An input terminal of the O-PA11is connected to an output terminal of a first MUX, and an output terminal of the O-PA11is connected to an input terminal of an optical fiber. A third optical processing module in a transmit link210includes only an O-PS3and an O-F3. The O-PS3is connected to the O-F3. An output terminal of the O-PS3and an output terminal of the O-F3are connected to an input terminal of a second optical-electrical module (for example, an optical-electrical module211). An input terminal of the O-PS3and an input terminal of the O-F3are connected to an output terminal of a second DEMUX. For processing processes of a TX signal and an RX signal, refer to the foregoing descriptions of the processing processes of the TX signal and the RX signal in the apparatus100and the apparatus200. For brevity, details are not described herein again. In addition, in the architecture shown inFIG. 30AandFIG. 30B, a part or all of second electro-optical modules (electro-optical modules221to22M) each receive a dedicated optical carrier from the transmit link and implement modulation. There are a plurality of RX multi-wavelength light source modules in a BBU.

FIG. 31AandFIG. 31Bare a schematic block diagram of a possible structure of the communications apparatus300. As shown inFIG. 31AandFIG. 31B, the communications apparatus300includes a communications apparatus100and a communications apparatus200. Neither a receive link120nor a receive link220includes an optical processing module. A transmit link110includes only a post optical power amplifier O-PA11. An input terminal of the O-PA11is connected to an output terminal of a first MUX, and an output terminal of the O-PA11is connected to an input terminal of an optical fiber. A third optical processing module in a transmit link210includes only an O-PS3and an O-F3. The O-PS3is connected to the O-F3. An output terminal of the O-PS3and an output terminal of the O-F3are connected to an input terminal of a second optical-electrical module (for example, an optical-electrical module211). An input terminal of the O-PS3and an input terminal of the O-F3are connected to an output terminal of a second DEMUX. For processing processes of a TX signal and an RX signal, refer to the foregoing descriptions of the processing processes of the TX signal and the RX signal in the apparatus100and the apparatus200. For brevity, details are not described herein again. In addition, in the architecture shown inFIG. 30AandFIG. 30B, a part or all of second electro-optical modules (electro-optical modules221to22M) each recover an optical carrier from an analog optical signal transmitted in the downlink (the transmit link) and implement electrical signal modulation.

FIG. 32AandFIG. 32Bare a schematic block diagram of a possible structure of the communications apparatus300. As shown inFIG. 32AandFIG. 32B, the communications apparatus300includes a communications apparatus100and a communications apparatus200. As shown inFIG. 32AandFIG. 32B, neither a receive link120nor a receive link220includes an optical processing module. A transmit link110does not include a first optical processing module, either. A third optical processing module in a transmit link210includes only an O-PS3and an O-F3. The O-PS3is connected to the O-F3. An output terminal of the O-PS3and an output terminal of the O-F3are connected to an input terminal of a second optical-electrical module (for example, an optical-electrical module211). An input terminal of the O-PS3and an input terminal of the O-F3are connected to an output terminal of a second DEMUX. In addition, an electrical power amplifier PA3further exists after a second optical-electrical module (for example, the optical-electrical module211). For processing processes of a TX signal and an RX signal, refer to the foregoing descriptions of the processing processes of the TX signal and the RX signal in the apparatus100and the apparatus200. For brevity, details are not described herein again. In addition, in the architecture shown inFIG. 32AandFIG. 32B, a part or all of second electro-optical modules (electro-optical modules221to22M) each generate an optical carrier and modulate a radio frequency signal.

FIG. 33AandFIG. 33Bare a schematic block diagram of a possible structure of the communications apparatus300. As shown inFIG. 33AandFIG. 33B, the communications apparatus300includes a communications apparatus100and a communications apparatus200. As shown inFIG. 33AandFIG. 33B, neither a receive link120nor a receive link220includes an optical processing module. A transmit link110does not include a first optical processing module, either. A third optical processing module in a transmit link210includes only an O-PS3and an O-F3. The O-PS3is connected to the O-F3. An output terminal of the O-PS3and an output terminal of the O-F3are connected to an input terminal of a second optical-electrical module (for example, an optical-electrical module211). An input terminal of the O-PS3and an input terminal of the O-F3are connected to an output terminal of a second DEMUX. In addition, an electrical power amplifier PA3further exists after a second optical-electrical module (for example, the optical-electrical module211). For processing processes of a TX signal and an RX signal, refer to the foregoing descriptions of the processing processes of the TX signal and the RX signal in the apparatus100and the apparatus200. For brevity, details are not described herein again. In addition, in the architecture shown inFIG. 33AandFIG. 33B, a part or all of second electro-optical modules (electro-optical modules221to22M) each receive a dedicated optical carrier from the transmit link and implement modulation. There are a plurality of RX multi-wavelength light source modules in a BBU.

FIG. 34AandFIG. 34Bare a schematic block diagram of a possible structure of the communications apparatus300. As shown inFIG. 34AandFIG. 34B, the communications apparatus300includes a communications apparatus100and a communications apparatus200. As shown inFIG. 34AandFIG. 34B, neither a receive link120nor a receive link220includes an optical processing module. A transmit link110does not include a first optical processing module, either. A third optical processing module in a transmit link210includes only an O-PS3and an O-F3. The O-PS3is connected to the O-F3. An output terminal of the O-PS3and an output terminal of the O-F3are connected to an input terminal of a second optical-electrical module (for example, an optical-electrical module211). An input terminal of the O-PS3and an input terminal of the O-F3are connected to an output terminal of a second DEMUX. In addition, an electrical power amplifier PA3further exists after a second optical-electrical module (for example, the optical-electrical module211). For processing processes of a TX signal and an RX signal, refer to the foregoing descriptions of the processing processes of the TX signal and the RX signal in the apparatus100and the apparatus200. For brevity, details are not described herein again. In addition, in the architecture shown inFIG. 34AandFIG. 34B, a part or all of second electro-optical modules (electro-optical modules221to22M) each recover an optical carrier from an analog optical signal transmitted in the downlink (the transmit link) and implement electrical signal modulation.

FIG. 35AandFIG. 35Bare a schematic block diagram of a possible structure of the communications apparatus300. As shown inFIG. 35AandFIG. 35B, the communications apparatus300includes a communications apparatus100and a communications apparatus200. As shown inFIG. 35AandFIG. 35B, neither a receive link120nor a receive link220includes an optical processing module. A transmit link110does not include a first optical processing module, either. A third optical processing module in a transmit link210includes only an O-PS3and an O-F3. The transmit link210further includes a pre-optical power amplifier O-PA33. The O-PS3is connected to the O-F3. An output terminal of the O-PS3and an output terminal of the O-F3are connected to an input terminal of a second optical-electrical module (for example, an optical-electrical module211). An input terminal of the O-PS3and an input terminal of the O-F3are connected to an output terminal of a second DEMUX. An output terminal of the O-PA33is connected to an input terminal of the second DEMUX, and an input terminal of the O-PA33is connected to an output terminal of an optical fiber. For processing processes of a TX signal and an RX signal, refer to the foregoing descriptions of the processing processes of the TX signal and the RX signal in the apparatus100and the apparatus200. For brevity, details are not described herein again. In addition, in the architecture shown inFIG. 35AandFIG. 35B, a part or all of second electro-optical modules (electro-optical modules221to22M) each generate an optical carrier and modulate a radio frequency signal.

FIG. 36AandFIG. 36Bare a schematic block diagram of a possible structure of the communications apparatus300. As shown inFIG. 36AandFIG. 36B, the communications apparatus300includes a communications apparatus100and a communications apparatus200. As shown inFIG. 36AandFIG. 36B, neither a receive link120nor a receive link220includes an optical processing module. A transmit link110does not include a first optical processing module, either. A third optical processing module in a transmit link210includes only an O-PS3and an O-F3. The transmit link210further includes a pre-optical power amplifier O-PA33. The O-PS3is connected to the O-F3. An output terminal of the O-PS3and an output terminal of the O-F3are connected to an input terminal of a second optical-electrical module (for example, an optical-electrical module211). An input terminal of the O-PS3and an input terminal of the O-F3are connected to an output terminal of a second DEMUX. An output terminal of the O-PA33is connected to an input terminal of the second DEMUX, and an input terminal of the O-PA33is connected to an output terminal of an optical fiber. For processing processes of a TX signal and an RX signal, refer to the foregoing descriptions of the processing processes of the TX signal and the RX signal in the apparatus100and the apparatus200. For brevity, details are not described herein again. In addition, in the architecture shown inFIG. 36AandFIG. 36B, a part or all of second electro-optical modules (electro-optical modules221to22M) each receive a dedicated optical carrier from the transmit link and implement modulation. There are a plurality of RX multi-wavelength light source modules in a BBU.

FIG. 37AandFIG. 37Bare a schematic block diagram of a possible structure of the communications apparatus300. As shown inFIG. 37AandFIG. 37B, the communications apparatus300includes a communications apparatus100and a communications apparatus200. As shown inFIG. 37AandFIG. 37B, neither a receive link120nor a receive link220includes an optical processing module. A transmit link110does not include a first optical processing module, either. A third optical processing module in a transmit link210includes only an O-PS3and an O-F3. The transmit link210further includes a pre-optical power amplifier O-PA33. The O-PS3is connected to the O-F3. An output terminal of the O-PS3and an output terminal of the O-F3are connected to an input terminal of a second optical-electrical module (for example, an optical-electrical module211). An input terminal of the O-PS3and an input terminal of the O-F3are connected to an output terminal of a second DEMUX. An output terminal of the O-PA33is connected to an input terminal of the second DEMUX, and an input terminal of the O-PA33is connected to an output terminal of an optical fiber. For processing processes of a TX signal and an RX signal, refer to the foregoing descriptions of the processing processes of the TX signal and the RX signal in the apparatus100and the apparatus200. For brevity, details are not described herein again. In addition, in the architecture shown inFIG. 37AandFIG. 37B, a part or all of second electro-optical modules (electro-optical modules221to22M) each recover an optical carrier from an analog optical signal transmitted in the downlink (the transmit link) and implement electrical signal modulation.

FIG. 38AandFIG. 38Bare a schematic block diagram of a possible structure of the communications apparatus300. As shown inFIG. 38AandFIG. 38B, the communications apparatus300includes a communications apparatus100and a communications apparatus200. As shown inFIG. 38AandFIG. 38B, neither a receive link120nor a receive link220includes an optical processing module. A transmit link110does not include a first optical processing module, either. A third optical processing module in a transmit link210includes an O-PS3, an O-F3, and an O-PA3. The O-PS3is connected to the O-F3. An output terminal of the O-PS3and an output terminal of the O-F3are connected to an input terminal of a second optical-electrical module (for example, an optical-electrical module211). An input terminal of the O-PS3and an input terminal of the O-F3are connected to an output terminal of a second DEMUX. An input terminal of the O-PA3is connected to the output terminal of the O-F3, and an output terminal of the O-PA3is connected to the input terminal of the second optical-electrical module. For processing processes of a TX signal and an RX signal, refer to the foregoing descriptions of the processing processes of the TX signal and the RX signal in the apparatus100and the apparatus200. For brevity, details are not described herein again. In addition, in the architecture shown inFIG. 38AandFIG. 38B, a part or all of second electro-optical modules (electro-optical modules221to22M) each generate an optical carrier and modulate a radio frequency signal.

FIG. 39AandFIG. 39Bare a schematic block diagram of a possible structure of the communications apparatus300. As shown inFIG. 39AandFIG. 39B, the communications apparatus300includes a central unit100and a remote unit200. As shown inFIG. 39AandFIG. 39B, neither a receive link120nor a receive link220includes an optical processing module. A transmit link110does not include a first optical processing module, either. A third optical processing module in a transmit link210includes an O-PS3, an O-F3, and an O-PA3. The O-PS3is connected to the O-F3. An output terminal of the O-PS3and an output terminal of the O-F3are connected to an input terminal of a second optical-electrical module (for example, an optical-electrical module211). An input terminal of the O-PS3and an input terminal of the O-F3are connected to an output terminal of a second DEMUX. An input terminal of the O-PA3is connected to the output terminal of the O-F3, and an output terminal of the O-PA3is connected to the input terminal of the second optical-electrical module. For processing processes of a TX signal and an RX signal, refer to the foregoing descriptions of the processing processes of the TX signal and the RX signal in the central unit100and the remote unit200. For brevity, details are not described herein again. In addition, in the architecture shown inFIG. 39AandFIG. 39B, a part or all of second electro-optical modules (electro-optical modules221to22M) each receive a dedicated optical carrier from the transmit link and implement modulation. There are a plurality of RX multi-wavelength light source modules in a BBU.

FIG. 40AandFIG. 40Bare a schematic block diagram of a possible structure of the communications apparatus300. As shown inFIG. 40AandFIG. 40B, the communications apparatus300includes a central unit100and a remote unit200. As shown inFIG. 40AandFIG. 40B, neither a receive link120nor a receive link220includes an optical processing module. A transmit link110does not include a first optical processing module, either. A third optical processing module in a transmit link210includes an O-PS, an O-F3, and an O-PA3. The O-PS3is connected to the O-F3. An output terminal of the O-PS3and an output terminal of the O-F3are connected to an input terminal of a second optical-electrical module (for example, an optical-electrical module211). An input terminal of the O-PS3and an input terminal of the O-F3are connected to an output terminal of a second DEMUX. An input terminal of the O-PA3is connected to the output terminal of the O-F3, and an output terminal of the O-PA3is connected to the input terminal of the second optical-electrical module. For processing processes of a TX signal and an RX signal, refer to the foregoing descriptions of the processing processes of the TX signal and the RX signal in the central unit100and the remote unit200. For brevity, details are not described herein again. In addition, in the architecture shown inFIG. 40AandFIG. 40B, a part or all of second electro-optical modules (electro-optical modules221to22M) each generate an optical carrier and modulate a radio frequency signal.

FIG. 41AandFIG. 41Bare a schematic block diagram of a possible structure of the communications apparatus300. As shown inFIG. 41AandFIG. 41B, the communications apparatus300includes a central unit100and a remote unit200. As shown inFIG. 41AandFIG. 41B, neither a receive link120nor a receive link220includes an optical processing module. A transmit link110includes a first optical processing module. The first optical processing module includes an O-PA1, and the O-PA1is located between an electro-optical module and a first MUX. A third optical processing module in a transmit link210includes an O-PS3and an O-F3. The O-PS3is connected to the O-F3. An output terminal of the O-PS3and an output terminal of the O-F3are connected to an input terminal of a second optical-electrical module (for example, an optical-electrical module211). An input terminal of the O-PS3and an input terminal of the O-F3are connected to an output terminal of a second DEMUX. For processing processes of a TX signal and an RX signal, refer to the foregoing descriptions of the processing processes of the TX signal and the RX signal in the central unit100and the remote unit200. For brevity, details are not described herein again. In addition, in the architecture shown inFIG. 41AandFIG. 41B, a part or all of second electro-optical modules (electro-optical modules221to22M) each generate an optical carrier and modulate a radio frequency signal.

FIG. 42AandFIG. 42Bare a schematic block diagram of a possible structure of the communications apparatus300. As shown inFIG. 41AandFIG. 41B, the communications apparatus300includes a central unit100and a remote unit200. As shown inFIG. 42AandFIG. 42B, neither a receive link120nor a receive link220includes an optical processing module. A transmit link110includes a first optical processing module. The first optical processing module includes an O-PA1, and the O-PA1is located between an electro-optical module and a first MUX. A third optical processing module in a transmit link210includes an O-PS3and an O-F3. The O-PS3is connected to the O-F3. An output terminal of the O-PS3and an output terminal of the O-F3are connected to an input terminal of a second optical-electrical module (for example, an optical-electrical module211). An input terminal of the O-PS3and an input terminal of the O-F3are connected to an output terminal of a second DEMUX. For processing processes of a TX signal and an RX signal, refer to the foregoing descriptions of the processing processes of the TX signal and the RX signal in the central unit100and the remote unit200. For brevity, details are not described herein again. In addition, in the architecture shown inFIG. 42AandFIG. 42B, a part or all of second electro-optical modules (electro-optical modules221to22M) each receive a dedicated optical carrier from the transmit link and implement modulation. There are a plurality of RX multi-wavelength light source modules in a BBU.

FIG. 43AandFIG. 43Bare a schematic block diagram of a possible structure of the communications apparatus300. As shown inFIG. 43AandFIG. 43B, the communications apparatus300includes a central unit100and a remote unit200. As shown inFIG. 43AandFIG. 43B, neither a receive link120nor a receive link220includes an optical processing module. A transmit link110includes a first optical processing module. The first optical processing module includes an O-PA1, and the O-PA1is located between an electro-optical module and a first MUX. A third optical processing module in a transmit link210includes an O-PS3and an O-F3. The O-PS3is connected to the O-F3. An output terminal of the O-PS3and an output terminal of the O-F3are connected to an input terminal of a second optical-electrical module (for example, an optical-electrical module211). An input terminal of the O-PS3and an input terminal of the O-F3are connected to an output terminal of a second DEMUX. For processing processes of a TX signal and an RX signal, refer to the foregoing descriptions of the processing processes of the TX signal and the RX signal in the central unit100and the remote unit200. For brevity, details are not described herein again. In addition, in the architecture shown inFIG. 43AandFIG. 43B, a part or all of second electro-optical modules (electro-optical modules221to22M) each recover an optical carrier from an analog optical signal transmitted in the downlink (the transmit link) and implement electrical signal modulation.

FIG. 44AandFIG. 44Bare a schematic block diagram of a possible structure of the communications apparatus300. As shown inFIG. 44AandFIG. 44B, the communications apparatus300includes a central unit100and a remote unit200. As shown inFIG. 44AandFIG. 44B, neither a receive link120nor a receive link220includes an optical processing module. A transmit link110includes a first optical processing module. The first optical processing module includes an O-PS1and an O-F1. An output terminal of the O-PS1is connected to an input terminal of the O-F1. The central unit100further includes a post optical power amplifier O-PA11. An input terminal of the O-PA11is connected to an output terminal of a first MUX, and an output terminal of the O-PA11is connected to an input terminal of an optical fiber. A transmit link210does not include a third optical processing module. For processing processes of a TX signal and an RX signal, refer to the foregoing descriptions of the processing processes of the TX signal and the RX signal in the central unit100and the remote unit200. For brevity, details are not described herein again. In addition, in the architecture shown inFIG. 44AandFIG. 44B, a part or all of second electro-optical modules (electro-optical modules221to22M) each generate an optical carrier and modulate a radio frequency signal.

FIG. 45AandFIG. 45Bare a schematic block diagram of a possible structure of the communications apparatus300. As shown inFIG. 45AandFIG. 45B, the communications apparatus300includes a central unit100and a remote unit200. As shown inFIG. 45AandFIG. 45B, neither a receive link120nor a receive link220includes an optical processing module. A transmit link110includes a first optical processing module. The first optical processing module includes an O-PS1and an O-F1. An output terminal of the O-PS1is connected to an input terminal of the O-F1. The central unit100further includes a post optical power amplifier O-PA11. An input terminal of the O-PA11is connected to an output terminal of a first MUX, and an output terminal of the O-PA11is connected to an input terminal of an optical fiber. A transmit link210does not include a third optical processing module. For processing processes of a TX signal and an RX signal, refer to the foregoing descriptions of the processing processes of the TX signal and the RX signal in the central unit100and the remote unit200. For brevity, details are not described herein again. In addition, in the architecture shown inFIG. 45AandFIG. 45B, a part or all of second electro-optical modules (electro-optical modules221to22M) each receive a dedicated optical carrier from the transmit link and implement modulation. There are a plurality of RX multi-wavelength light source modules in a BBU.

FIG. 46AandFIG. 46Bare a schematic block diagram of a possible structure of the communications apparatus300. As shown inFIG. 46AandFIG. 46B, the communications apparatus300includes a central unit100and a remote unit200. As shown inFIG. 46AandFIG. 46B, neither a receive link120nor a receive link220includes an optical processing module. A transmit link110includes a first optical processing module. The first optical processing module includes an O-PS1and an O-F1. An output terminal of the O-PS1is connected to an input terminal of the O-F1. The central unit100further includes a post optical power amplifier O-PA11. An input terminal of the O-PA11is connected to an output terminal of a first MUX, and an output terminal of the O-PA11is connected to an input terminal of an optical fiber. A transmit link210does not include a third optical processing module. For processing processes of a TX signal and an RX signal, refer to the foregoing descriptions of the processing processes of the TX signal and the RX signal in the central unit100and the remote unit200. For brevity, details are not described herein again. In addition, in the architecture shown inFIG. 46AandFIG. 46B, a part or all of second electro-optical modules (electro-optical modules221to22M) each recover an optical carrier from an analog optical signal transmitted in the downlink (the transmit link) and implement electrical signal modulation.

FIG. 47AandFIG. 47Bare a schematic block diagram of a possible structure of the communications apparatus300. As shown inFIG. 47AandFIG. 47B, the communications apparatus300includes a central unit100and a remote unit200. As shown inFIG. 47AandFIG. 47B, neither a receive link120nor a receive link220includes an optical processing module. A transmit link110includes a first optical processing module. The first optical processing module includes an O-PS1and an O-F1. An output terminal of the O-PS1is connected to an input terminal of the O-F1. In a transmit link210, a PA3exists after a second optical-electrical module (optical-electrical modules211to21M). An input terminal of the PA3is connected to an output terminal of the optical-electrical modules211to21M. The transmit link210does not include a third optical processing module. For processing processes of a TX signal and an RX signal, refer to the foregoing descriptions of the processing processes of the TX signal and the RX signal in the central unit100and the remote unit200. For brevity, details are not described herein again. In addition, in the architecture shown inFIG. 47AandFIG. 47B, a part or all of second electro-optical modules (electro-optical modules221to22M) each generate an optical carrier and modulate a radio frequency signal.

FIG. 48AandFIG. 48Bare a schematic block diagram of a possible structure of the communications apparatus300. As shown inFIG. 48AandFIG. 48B, the communications apparatus300includes a central unit100and a remote unit200. As shown inFIG. 48AandFIG. 48B, neither a receive link120nor a receive link220includes an optical processing module. A transmit link110includes a first optical processing module. The first optical processing module includes an O-PS1and an O-F1. An output terminal of the O-PS1is connected to an input terminal of the O-F1. In a transmit link210, a PA3exists after a second optical-electrical module (optical-electrical modules211to21M). An input terminal of the PA3is connected to an output terminal of the optical-electrical modules211to21M. The transmit link210does not include a third optical processing module. For processing processes of a TX signal and an RX signal, refer to the foregoing descriptions of the processing processes of the TX signal and the RX signal in the central unit100and the remote unit200. For brevity, details are not described herein again. In addition, in the architecture shown inFIG. 48AandFIG. 48B, a part or all of second electro-optical modules (electro-optical modules221to22M) each receive a dedicated optical carrier from the transmit link and implement modulation. There are a plurality of RX multi-wavelength light source modules in a BBU.

FIG. 49AandFIG. 49Bare a schematic block diagram of a possible structure of the communications apparatus300. As shown inFIG. 49AandFIG. 49B, the communications apparatus300includes a central unit100and a remote unit200. As shown inFIG. 49AandFIG. 49B, neither a receive link120nor a receive link220includes an optical processing module. A transmit link110includes a first optical processing module. The first optical processing module includes an O-PS1and an O-F1. An output terminal of the O-PS1is connected to an input terminal of the O-F1. In a transmit link210, a PA3exists after a second optical-electrical module (optical-electrical modules211to21M). An input terminal of the PA3is connected to an output terminal of the optical-electrical modules211to21M. The transmit link210does not include a third optical processing module. For processing processes of a TX signal and an RX signal, refer to the foregoing descriptions of the processing processes of the TX signal and the RX signal in the central unit100and the remote unit200. For brevity, details are not described herein again. In addition, in the architecture shown inFIG. 49AandFIG. 49B, a part or all of second electro-optical modules (electro-optical modules221to22M) each recover an optical carrier from an analog optical signal transmitted in the downlink (the transmit link) and implement electrical signal modulation.

FIG. 50AandFIG. 50Bare a schematic block diagram of a possible structure of the communications apparatus300. As shown inFIG. 50AandFIG. 50B, the communications apparatus300includes a central unit100and a remote unit200. As shown inFIG. 50AandFIG. 50B, neither a receive link120nor a receive link220includes an optical processing module. A transmit link110includes a first optical processing module. The first optical processing module includes an O-PS1and an O-F1. An output terminal of the O-PS1is connected to an input terminal of the O-F1. In a transmit link210, an optical processing component includes only a pre-optical power amplifier O-PA33. An input terminal of the O-PA33is connected to an optical fiber, and an output terminal of the O-PA33is connected to a second DEMUX. For processing processes of a TX signal and an RX signal, refer to the foregoing descriptions of the processing processes of the TX signal and the RX signal in the central unit100and the remote unit200. For brevity, details are not described herein again. In addition, in the architecture shown inFIG. 50AandFIG. 50B, a part or all of second electro-optical modules (electro-optical modules221to22M) each generate an optical carrier and modulate a radio frequency signal.

FIG. 51AandFIG. 51Bare a schematic block diagram of a possible structure of the communications apparatus300. As shown inFIG. 51AandFIG. 51B, the communications apparatus300includes a central unit100and a remote unit200. As shown inFIG. 51AandFIG. 51B, neither a receive link120nor a receive link220includes an optical processing module. A transmit link110includes a first optical processing module. The first optical processing module includes an O-PS1and an O-F1. An output terminal of the O-PS1is connected to an input terminal of the O-F1. In a transmit link210, an optical processing component includes only a pre-optical power amplifier O-PA33. An input terminal of the O-PA33is connected to an optical fiber, and an output terminal of the O-PA3is connected to a second DEMUX. For processing processes of a TX signal and an RX signal, refer to the foregoing descriptions of the processing processes of the TX signal and the RX signal in the central unit100and the remote unit200. For brevity, details are not described herein again. In addition, in the architecture shown inFIG. 51AandFIG. 51B, a part or all of second electro-optical modules (electro-optical modules221to22M) each receive a dedicated optical carrier from the transmit link and implement modulation. There are a plurality of RX multi-wavelength light source modules in a BBU.

FIG. 52AandFIG. 52Bare a schematic block diagram of a possible structure of the communications apparatus300. As shown inFIG. 52AandFIG. 52B, the communications apparatus300includes a central unit100and a remote unit200. As shown inFIG. 52AandFIG. 52B, neither a receive link120nor a receive link220includes an optical processing module. A transmit link110includes a first optical processing module. The first optical processing module includes an O-PS1and an O-F1. An output terminal of the O-PS1is connected to an input terminal of the O-F1. In a transmit link210, an optical processing component includes only a pre-optical power amplifier O-PA33. An input terminal of the O-PA33is connected to an optical fiber, and an output terminal of the O-PA3is connected to a second DEMUX. For processing processes of a TX signal and an RX signal, refer to the foregoing descriptions of the processing processes of the TX signal and the RX signal in the central unit100and the remote unit200. For brevity, details are not described herein again. In addition, in the architecture shown inFIG. 52AandFIG. 52B, a part or all of second electro-optical modules (electro-optical modules221to22M) each recover an optical carrier from an analog optical signal transmitted in the downlink (the transmit link) and implement electrical signal modulation.

FIG. 53AandFIG. 53Bare a schematic block diagram of a possible structure of the communications apparatus300. As shown inFIG. 53AandFIG. 53B, the communications apparatus300includes a central unit100and a remote unit200. As shown inFIG. 53AandFIG. 53B, neither a receive link120nor a receive link220includes an optical processing module. A transmit link110includes a first optical processing module. The first optical processing module includes an O-PS1and an O-F1. An output terminal of the O-PS1is connected to an input terminal of the O-F1. A transmit link210includes a third optical processing module. The third optical processing module includes only an O-PA3. An output terminal of the O-PA3is connected to an optical-electrical module, and an input terminal of the O-PA3is connected to a second DEMUX. For processing processes of a TX signal and an RX signal, refer to the foregoing descriptions of the processing processes of the TX signal and the RX signal in the central unit100and the remote unit200. For brevity, details are not described herein again. In addition, in the architecture shown inFIG. 53AandFIG. 53B, a part or all of second electro-optical modules (electro-optical modules221to22M) each generate an optical carrier and modulate a radio frequency signal.

FIG. 54AandFIG. 54Bare a schematic block diagram of a possible structure of the communications apparatus300. As shown inFIG. 54AandFIG. 54B, the communications apparatus300includes a central unit100and a remote unit200. As shown inFIG. 54AandFIG. 54B, neither a receive link120nor a receive link220includes an optical processing module. A transmit link110includes a first optical processing module. The first optical processing module includes an O-PS1and an O-F1. An output terminal of the O-PS1is connected to an input terminal of the O-F1. A transmit link210includes a third optical processing module. The third optical processing module includes only an O-PA3. An output terminal of the O-PA3is connected to an optical-electrical module, and an input terminal of the O-PA3is connected to a second DEMUX. For processing processes of a TX signal and an RX signal, refer to the foregoing descriptions of the processing processes of the TX signal and the RX signal in the central unit100and the remote unit200. For brevity, details are not described herein again. In addition, in the architecture shown inFIG. 54AandFIG. 54B, a part or all of second optical-electrical modules (221to22M) each receive a dedicated optical carrier from the transmit link and implement modulation. There are a plurality of RX multi-wavelength light source modules in a BBU.

FIG. 55AandFIG. 55Bare a schematic block diagram of a possible structure of the communications apparatus300. As shown inFIG. 55AandFIG. 55B, the communications apparatus300includes a central unit100and a remote unit200. As shown inFIG. 55AandFIG. 55B, neither a receive link120nor a receive link220includes an optical processing module. A transmit link110includes a first optical processing module. The first optical processing module includes an O-PS1and an O-F1. An output terminal of the O-PS1is connected to an input terminal of the O-F1. A transmit link210includes a third optical processing module. The third optical processing module includes only an O-PA3. An output terminal of the O-PA3is connected to an optical-electrical module, and an input terminal of the O-PA3is connected to a second DEMUX. For processing processes of a TX signal and an RX signal, refer to the foregoing descriptions of the processing processes of the TX signal and the RX signal in the central unit100and the remote unit200. For brevity, details are not described herein again. In addition, in the architecture shown inFIG. 55AandFIG. 55B, a part or all of second electro-optical modules (electro-optical modules221to22M) each recover an optical carrier from an analog optical signal transmitted in the downlink (the transmit link) and implement electrical signal modulation.

FIG. 56AandFIG. 56Bare a schematic block diagram of a possible structure of the communications apparatus300. As shown inFIG. 53AandFIG. 53B, the communications apparatus300includes a central unit100and a remote unit200. As shown inFIG. 56AandFIG. 56B, neither a receive link120nor a receive link220includes an optical processing module. A transmit link110includes a first optical processing module. The first optical processing module includes an O-PS1, an O-F1, and an O-PA1. A transmit link210does not include a third optical processing module. For processing processes of a TX signal and an RX signal, refer to the foregoing descriptions of the processing processes of the TX signal and the RX signal in the central unit100and the remote unit200. For brevity, details are not described herein again. In addition, in the architecture shown inFIG. 56AandFIG. 56B, a part or all of second electro-optical modules (electro-optical modules221to22M) each generate an optical carrier and modulate a radio frequency signal.

FIG. 57AandFIG. 57Bare a schematic block diagram of a possible structure of the communications apparatus300. As shown inFIG. 57AandFIG. 57B, the communications apparatus300includes a central unit100and a remote unit200. As shown inFIG. 57AandFIG. 57B, neither a receive link120nor a receive link220includes an optical processing module. A transmit link110includes a first optical processing module. The first optical processing module includes an O-PS1, an O-F1, and an O-PA1. A transmit link210does not include a third optical processing module. For processing processes of a TX signal and an RX signal, refer to the foregoing descriptions of the processing processes of the TX signal and the RX signal in the central unit100and the remote unit200. For brevity, details are not described herein again. In addition, in the architecture shown inFIG. 57AandFIG. 57B, a part or all of second electro-optical modules (electro-optical modules221to22M) each receive a dedicated optical carrier from the transmit link and implement modulation. There are a plurality of RX multi-wavelength light source modules in a BBU.

FIG. 58AandFIG. 58Bare a schematic block diagram of a possible structure of the communications apparatus300. As shown inFIG. 58AandFIG. 58B, the communications apparatus300includes a central unit100and a remote unit200. As shown inFIG. 58AandFIG. 58B, neither a receive link120nor a receive link220includes an optical processing module. A transmit link110includes a first optical processing module. The first optical processing module includes an O-PS1, an O-F1, and an O-PA1. A transmit link210does not include a third optical processing module. For processing processes of a TX signal and an RX signal, refer to the foregoing descriptions of the processing processes of the TX signal and the RX signal in the central unit100and the remote unit200. For brevity, details are not described herein again. In addition, in the architecture shown inFIG. 58AandFIG. 58B, a part or all of second electro-optical modules (electro-optical modules221to22M) each recover an optical carrier from an analog optical signal transmitted in the downlink (the transmit link) and implement electrical signal modulation.

FIG. 59AandFIG. 59Bare a schematic block diagram of a possible structure of the communications apparatus300. As shown inFIG. 59AandFIG. 59B, the communications apparatus300includes a central unit100and a remote unit200. Neither a receive link120nor a receive link220includes an optical processing module. A transmit link110includes a first optical processing module. The first optical processing module includes only an O-F1, and the central unit100further includes a post optical power amplifier O-PA11. An input terminal of the O-PA11is connected to an output terminal of a first MUX, and an output terminal of the O-PA11is connected to an output terminal of an optical fiber. A transmit link210includes a third optical processing module. The third optical processing module includes only an O-PS3. For processing processes of a TX signal and an RX signal, refer to the foregoing descriptions of the processing processes of the TX signal and the RX signal in the central unit100and the remote unit200. For brevity, details are not described herein again. In addition, in the architecture shown inFIG. 59AandFIG. 59B, a part or all of second electro-optical modules (electro-optical modules221to22M) each generate an optical carrier and modulate a radio frequency signal.

FIG. 60AandFIG. 60Bare a schematic block diagram of a possible structure of the communications apparatus300. As shown inFIG. 60AandFIG. 60B, the communications apparatus300includes a central unit100and a remote unit200. Neither a receive link120nor a receive link220includes an optical processing module. A transmit link110includes a first optical processing module. The first optical processing module includes only an O-F1, and the central unit100further includes a post optical power amplifier O-PA11. An input terminal of the O-PA11is connected to an output terminal of a first MUX, and an output terminal of the O-PA11is connected to an output terminal of an optical fiber. A transmit link210includes a third optical processing module. The third optical processing module includes only an O-PS3. For processing processes of a TX signal and an RX signal, refer to the foregoing descriptions of the processing processes of the TX signal and the RX signal in the central unit100and the remote unit200. For brevity, details are not described herein again. In addition, in the architecture shown inFIG. 60AandFIG. 60B, a part or all of second electro-optical modules (electro-optical modules221to22M) each receive a dedicated optical carrier from the transmit link and implement modulation. There are a plurality of RX multi-wavelength light source modules in a BBU.

FIG. 61AandFIG. 61Bare a schematic block diagram of a possible structure of the communications apparatus300. As shown inFIG. 61AandFIG. 61B, the communications apparatus300includes a central unit100and a remote unit200. Neither a receive link120nor a receive link220includes an optical processing module. A transmit link110includes a first optical processing module. The first optical processing module includes only an O-F1, and the central unit100further includes a post optical power amplifier O-PA11. An input terminal of the O-PA11is connected to an output terminal of a first MUX, and an output terminal of the O-PA11is connected to an output terminal of an optical fiber. A transmit link210includes a third optical processing module. The third optical processing module includes only an O-PS3. For processing processes of a TX signal and an RX signal, refer to the foregoing descriptions of the processing processes of the TX signal and the RX signal in the central unit100and the remote unit200. For brevity, details are not described herein again. In addition, in the architecture shown inFIG. 61AandFIG. 61B, a part or all of second electro-optical modules (electro-optical modules221to22M) each recover an optical carrier from an analog optical signal transmitted in the downlink (the transmit link) and implement electrical signal modulation.

FIG. 62AandFIG. 62Bare a schematic block diagram of a possible structure of the communications apparatus300. As shown inFIG. 62AandFIG. 62B, the communications apparatus300includes a central unit100and a remote unit200. Neither a receive link120nor a receive link220includes an optical processing module. A transmit link110includes a first optical processing module. The first optical processing module includes only an O-F1, and the O-F1is located between an electro-optical module and a first MUX. A transmit link210includes a third optical processing module. The third optical processing module includes only O-F1, and the remote unit200further includes a PA3. The PA3is located after an optical-electrical module in the remote unit200, and an input terminal of the PA3is connected to an output terminal of the optical-electrical module in the remote unit200. For processing processes of a TX signal and an RX signal, refer to the foregoing descriptions of the processing processes of the TX signal and the RX signal in the central unit100and the remote unit200. For brevity, details are not described herein again. In addition, in the architecture shown inFIG. 62AandFIG. 62B, a part or all of second electro-optical modules (electro-optical modules221to22M) each generate an optical carrier and modulate a radio frequency signal.

FIG. 63AandFIG. 63Bare a schematic block diagram of a possible structure of the communications apparatus300. As shown inFIG. 63AandFIG. 63B, the communications apparatus300includes a central unit100and a remote unit200. Neither a receive link120nor a receive link220includes an optical processing module. A transmit link110includes a first optical processing module. The first optical processing module includes only an O-F1, and the O-F1is located between an electro-optical module and a first MUX. A transmit link210includes a third optical processing module. The third optical processing module includes only O-F1, and the remote unit200further includes a PA3. The PA3is located after an optical-electrical module in the remote unit200, and an input terminal of the PA3is connected to an output terminal of the optical-electrical module in the remote unit200. For processing processes of a TX signal and an RX signal, refer to the foregoing descriptions of the processing processes of the TX signal and the RX signal in the central unit100and the remote unit200. For brevity, details are not described herein again. In addition, in the architecture shown inFIG. 63AandFIG. 63B, a part or all of second electro-optical modules (electro-optical modules221to22M) each receive a dedicated optical carrier from the transmit link and implement modulation. There are a plurality of RX multi-wavelength light source modules in a BBU.

FIG. 64AandFIG. 64Bare a schematic block diagram of a possible structure of the communications apparatus300. As shown inFIG. 64AandFIG. 64B, the communications apparatus300includes a central unit100and a remote unit200. Neither a receive link120nor a receive link220includes an optical processing module. A transmit link110includes a first optical processing module. The first optical processing module includes only an O-F1, and the O-F1is located between an electro-optical module and a first MUX. A transmit link210includes a third optical processing module. The third optical processing module includes only O-F1, and the remote unit200further includes a PA3. The PA3is located after an optical-electrical module in the remote unit200, and an input terminal of the PA3is connected to an output terminal of the optical-electrical module in the remote unit200. For processing processes of a TX signal and an RX signal, refer to the foregoing descriptions of the processing processes of the TX signal and the RX signal in the central unit100and the remote unit200. For brevity, details are not described herein again. In addition, in the architecture shown inFIG. 64AandFIG. 64B, a part or all of second electro-optical modules (electro-optical modules221to22M) each recover an optical carrier from an analog optical signal transmitted in the downlink (the transmit link) and implement electrical signal modulation.

FIG. 65AandFIG. 65Bare a schematic block diagram of a possible structure of the communications apparatus300. As shown inFIG. 65AandFIG. 65B, the communications apparatus300includes a central unit100and a remote unit200. Neither a receive link120nor a receive link220includes an optical processing module. A transmit link110includes a first optical processing module. The first optical processing module includes only an O-F1, and the O-F1is located between an electro-optical module and a first MUX. A transmit link210includes a third optical processing module. The third optical processing module includes an O-PS3. The O-PS3is located between a second DEMUX and optical-electrical modules211to21M. In addition, the transmit link210further includes a pre-optical power amplifier O-PA33. An output terminal of the O-PA33is connected to an output terminal of the transmit link210, and an output terminal of the O-PA33is connected to an input terminal of a second DEMUX. For processing processes of a TX signal and an RX signal, refer to the foregoing descriptions of the processing processes of the TX signal and the RX signal in the central unit100and the remote unit200. For brevity, details are not described herein again. In addition, in the architecture shown inFIG. 65AandFIG. 65B, a part or all of second electro-optical modules (electro-optical modules221to22M) each generate an optical carrier and modulate a radio frequency signal.

FIG. 66AandFIG. 66Bare a schematic block diagram of a possible structure of the communications apparatus300. As shown inFIG. 66AandFIG. 66B, the communications apparatus300includes a central unit100and a remote unit200. Neither a receive link120nor a receive link220includes an optical processing module. A transmit link110includes a first optical processing module. The first optical processing module includes only an O-F1, and the O-F1is located between an electro-optical module and a first MUX. A transmit link210includes a third optical processing module. The third optical processing module includes an O-PS3. The O-PS3is located between a second DEMUX and optical-electrical modules211to21M. In addition, the transmit link210further includes a pre-optical power amplifier O-PA33. An output terminal of the O-PA33is connected to an output terminal of the transmit link210, and an output terminal of the O-PA33is connected to an input terminal of a second DEMUX. For processing processes of a TX signal and an RX signal, refer to the foregoing descriptions of the processing processes of the TX signal and the RX signal in the central unit100and the remote unit200. For brevity, details are not described herein again. In addition, in the architecture shown inFIG. 66AandFIG. 66B, a part or all of second electro-optical modules (electro-optical modules221to22M) each receive a dedicated optical carrier from the transmit link and implement modulation. There are a plurality of RX multi-wavelength light source modules in a BBU.

FIG. 67AandFIG. 67Bare a schematic block diagram of a possible structure of the communications apparatus300. As shown inFIG. 67AandFIG. 67B, the communications apparatus300includes a central unit100and a remote unit200. Neither a receive link120nor a receive link220includes an optical processing module. A transmit link110includes a first optical processing module. The first optical processing module includes only an O-F1, and the O-F1is located between an electro-optical module and a first MUX. A transmit link210includes a third optical processing module. The third optical processing module includes an O-PS3. The O-PS3is located between a second DEMUX and optical-electrical modules211to21M. In addition, the transmit link210further includes a pre-optical power amplifier O-PA33. An output terminal of the O-PA33is connected to an output terminal of the transmit link210, and an output terminal of the O-PA33is connected to an input terminal of a second DEMUX. For processing processes of a TX signal and an RX signal, refer to the foregoing descriptions of the processing processes of the TX signal and the RX signal in the central unit100and the remote unit200. For brevity, details are not described herein again. In addition, in the architecture shown inFIG. 67AandFIG. 67B, a part or all of second electro-optical modules (electro-optical modules221to22M) each recover an optical carrier from an analog optical signal transmitted in the downlink (the transmit link) and implement electrical signal modulation.

FIG. 68AandFIG. 68Bare a schematic block diagram of a possible structure of the communications apparatus300. As shown inFIG. 69AandFIG. 69B, the communications apparatus300includes a central unit100and a remote unit200. Neither a receive link120nor a receive link220includes an optical processing module. A transmit link110includes a first optical processing module. The first optical processing module includes only an O-F1, and the O-F1is located between an electro-optical module and a first MUX. A transmit link210includes a third optical processing module. The third optical processing module includes an O-PA3and an O-PS3. The O-PA3is connected to the O-PS3. The O-PA3and the O-PS3are located between a second DEMUX and optical-electrical modules211to21M. For processing processes of a TX signal and an RX signal, refer to the foregoing descriptions of the processing processes of the TX signal and the RX signal in the central unit100and the remote unit200. For brevity, details are not described herein again. In addition, in the architecture shown inFIG. 68AandFIG. 68B, a part or all of second electro-optical modules (electro-optical modules221to22M) each generate an optical carrier and modulate a radio frequency signal.

FIG. 69AandFIG. 69Bare a schematic block diagram of a possible structure of the communications apparatus300. As shown inFIG. 69AandFIG. 69B, the communications apparatus300includes a central unit100and a remote unit200. Neither a receive link120nor a receive link220includes an optical processing module. A transmit link110includes a first optical processing module. The first optical processing module includes only an O-F1, and the O-F1is located between an electro-optical module and a first MUX. A transmit link210includes a third optical processing module. The third optical processing module includes an O-PA3and an O-PS3. The O-PA3is connected to the O-PS3. The O-PA3and the O-PS3are located between a second DEMUX and optical-electrical modules211to21M. For processing processes of a TX signal and an RX signal, refer to the foregoing descriptions of the processing processes of the TX signal and the RX signal in the central unit100and the remote unit200. For brevity, details are not described herein again. In addition, in the architecture shown inFIG. 69AandFIG. 69B, a part or all of second electro-optical modules (electro-optical modules221to22M) each receive a dedicated optical carrier from the transmit link and implement modulation. There are a plurality of RX multi-wavelength light source modules in a BBU.

FIG. 70AandFIG. 70Bare a schematic block diagram of a possible structure of the communications apparatus300. As shown inFIG. 70AandFIG. 70B, the communications apparatus300includes a central unit100and a remote unit200. Neither a receive link120nor a receive link220includes an optical processing module. A transmit link110includes a first optical processing module. The first optical processing module includes only an O-F1, and the O-F1is located between an electro-optical module and a first MUX. A transmit link210includes a third optical processing module. The third optical processing module includes an O-PA3and an O-PS3. The O-PA3is connected to the O-PS3. The O-PA3and the O-PS3are located between a second DEMUX and optical-electrical modules211to21M. For processing processes of a TX signal and an RX signal, refer to the foregoing descriptions of the processing processes of the TX signal and the RX signal in the central unit100and the remote unit200. For brevity, details are not described herein again. In addition, in the architecture shown inFIG. 70AandFIG. 70B, a part or all of second electro-optical modules (electro-optical modules221to22M) each recover an optical carrier from an analog optical signal transmitted in the downlink (the transmit link) and implement electrical signal modulation.

FIG. 70AandFIG. 70Bare a schematic block diagram of a possible structure of the communications apparatus300. As shown inFIG. 70AandFIG. 70B, the communications apparatus300includes a central unit100and a remote unit200. Neither a receive link120nor a receive link220includes an optical processing module. A transmit link110includes a first optical processing module. The first optical processing module includes an O-F1and an O-PA1, the O-F1is connected to the O-PA1, and the O-F1and the O-PA1are located between an electro-optical module and a first MUX. A transmit link210includes a third optical processing module. The third optical processing module includes an O-PA3. The O-PS3is located between a second DEMUX and optical-electrical modules211to21M. For processing processes of a TX signal and an RX signal, refer to the foregoing descriptions of the processing processes of the TX signal and the RX signal in the central unit100and the remote unit200. For brevity, details are not described herein again. In addition, in the architecture shown inFIG. 70AandFIG. 70B, a part or all of second electro-optical modules (electro-optical modules221to22M) each generate an optical carrier and modulate a radio frequency signal.

FIG. 71AandFIG. 71Bare a schematic block diagram of a possible structure of the communications apparatus300. As shown inFIG. 71AandFIG. 71B, the communications apparatus300includes a central unit100and a remote unit200. Neither a receive link120nor a receive link220includes an optical processing module. A transmit link110includes a first optical processing module. The first optical processing module includes an O-F1and an O-PA1, the O-F1is connected to the O-PA1, and the O-F1and the O-PA1are located between an electro-optical module and a first MUX. A transmit link210includes a third optical processing module. The third optical processing module includes an O-PA3. The O-PS3is located between a second DEMUX and optical-electrical modules211to21M. For processing processes of a TX signal and an RX signal, refer to the foregoing descriptions of the processing processes of the TX signal and the RX signal in the central unit100and the remote unit200. For brevity, details are not described herein again. In addition, in the architecture shown inFIG. 71AandFIG. 71B, a part or all of second electro-optical modules (electro-optical modules221to22M) each receive a dedicated optical carrier from the transmit link and implement modulation. There are a plurality of RX multi-wavelength light source modules in a BBU.

FIG. 72AandFIG. 72Bare a schematic block diagram of a possible structure of the communications apparatus300. As shown inFIG. 72AandFIG. 72B, the communications apparatus300includes a central unit100and a remote unit200. Neither a receive link120nor a receive link220includes an optical processing module. A transmit link110includes a first optical processing module. The first optical processing module includes an O-F1and an O-PA1, the O-F1is connected to the O-PA1, and the O-F1and the O-PA1are located between an electro-optical module and a first MUX. A transmit link210includes a third optical processing module. The third optical processing module includes an O-PA3. The O-PS3is located between a second DEMUX and optical-electrical modules211to21M. For processing processes of a TX signal and an RX signal, refer to the foregoing descriptions of the processing processes of the TX signal and the RX signal in the central unit100and the remote unit200. For brevity, details are not described herein again. In addition, in the architecture shown inFIG. 72AandFIG. 72B, a part or all of second electro-optical modules (electro-optical modules221to22M) each recover an optical carrier from an analog optical signal transmitted in the downlink (the transmit link) and implement electrical signal modulation.

It should be understood that the apparatus300may further have a possible architecture form. For example, the central unit100includes no optical processing component, and in the remote unit200, only the transmit link210includes a part or all of modules of the third optical processing module. As shown inFIG. 73AandFIG. 73B, the third optical processing module in the transmit link210includes only an O-PS3.

For another example, for the apparatus300, in the central unit100, the transmit link110includes a part or all of modules of the first optical processing module, and the receive link120includes no optical processing module. The remote unit200includes no optical processing module or the like. In other words, in embodiments of this application, for the transmit link or the receive link, all or a part of optical processing components may be located in the remote unit, and there is no optical processing component in the central unit. Alternatively, all or a part of optical processing components may be located in the central unit, and there is no optical processing component in the remote unit. The optical processing components include an O-PA, an O-F, an O-PS, and the like.

It should be further understood that, in the foregoing possible implementations of the apparatus300, the architecture of the apparatus300is described merely from various possible forms of the optical processing component included in the transmit link. For the optical processing components included in the receive links120and220, there are also various possible forms similar to those of the first optical processing module and the third optical processing module that are included in the transmit links110and210respectively. Similarly, any possible form of the receive link may be combined with any possible form of the transmit link, to obtain another possible architecture form of the apparatus300. This is not limited herein in embodiments of this application.

It should be understood that in the embodiments of this application, “first”, “second”, and the like are merely for ease of description. For example, the first optical-electrical module and the second optical-electrical module are merely intended to represent different optical-electrical modules. However, optical-electrical modules and a quantity of optical-electrical modules should not be affected. The foregoing first, second, and the like should not constitute any limitation on the embodiments of this application.

It should be further understood that, the foregoing descriptions are merely intended to help a person skilled in the art better understand the embodiments of this application, instead of limiting the scope of the embodiments of this application. It is clear that, a person skilled in the art may make various equivalent modifications or changes based on the foregoing examples. For example, in the embodiments of the central unit100, the remote unit200, and the apparatus300, some electronic elements may be unnecessary, or some electronic elements or the like may be newly added. Alternatively, any two or more of the foregoing embodiments are combined. A modified, changed, or combined solution also falls within the scope of the embodiments of this application.

It should be further understood that the foregoing descriptions of the embodiments of this application emphasize differences between the embodiments. For same or similar parts that are not mentioned, refer to the embodiments. For brevity, details are not described herein again.

It should be further understood that a sequence of performing the foregoing processes for processing various signals should be determined based on functions and internal logic of the processes, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation processes of the embodiments of this application.

It should be further understood that division of the manners, cases, categories, and embodiments in the embodiments of this application is merely intended for ease of description, and should not constitute a particular limitation. The features in the manners, categories, cases, and embodiments may be combined without contradiction.

An embodiment of this application further provides a communications system. The communications system includes the foregoing terminal device and the foregoing communications apparatus.

The terms “uplink” and “downlink” in this application are used to describe data/information transmission directions in a specific scenario. For example, an “uplink” direction is usually a direction in which data/information is transmitted from a terminal to a network side, or a direction in which data/information is transmitted from a distributed unit to a centralized unit; and a “downlink” direction is usually a direction in which data/information is transmitted from a network side to a terminal, or a direction in which data/information is transmitted from a centralized unit to a distributed unit. It can be understood that “uplink” and “downlink” are merely used to describe data/information transmission directions, without limiting a specific starting or ending device of data/information transmission.

In this application, names may be assigned to various objects such as messages/information/devices/network elements/systems/apparatuses/actions/operations/procedures/concepts. It can be understood that the specific names do not constitute a limitation on the related objects. The assigned names may vary with factors such as scenarios, contexts, or usage habits. Understanding of technical meanings of technical terms in this application should be determined mainly based on functions and technical effects embodied/performed by the technical terms in the technical solutions.