Thermoplastic resin composition having high heat resistance

A thermoplastic resin composition which has high heat resistance, high impact resistance and high molding processability and comprises 5-95% by wt. of a copolymer of a vinyl aromatic compound and an imide compound of an .alpha.,.beta.-unsaturated dicarboxylic acid and 5-95% by wt. of a polyphenylene ether resin together with or without up to 90% by wt. of an impact resistance reinforcing agent.

The present invention relates to a thermoplastic resin composition for 
molding having high heat resistance, high impact resistance and high 
molding processability. More particularly, it relates to a composition 
comprising a copolymer of a vinyl aromatic compound and an imide compound 
of an .alpha.,.beta.-unsaturated dicarboxylic acid and a polyphenylene 
ether resin, with or without an impact resistance reinforcing agent. 
A polyphenylene ether resin is attractive as a resin suitable to wide scope 
of application since it is excellent in mechanical properties, electric 
characteristics, heat resistance and, in addition, dimensional stability. 
However, low molding processability and low impact resistance are its 
largest defects. As methods to cover up these defects, it has been 
proposed to blend polystyrene or rubber-reinforced styrene with the 
polyphenylene ether resin in U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,383,435 and 4,128,602. 
Polystyrene has so high compatibility with a polyphenylene ether resin that 
resin compositions made from the blended material thereof have outstanding 
physical properties, resulting in much production in industries. On the 
contrary, styrene copolymers such as styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer and 
styrene-acrylonitrile-butadiene copolymer have insufficient compatibility 
with the polyphenylene ether resin, so that resin compositions made from 
the blended material thereof have large defects such as poor impact 
resistance and layer peeling off in a shaped article made therefrom, 
resulting in no resin composition for practical uses. Thus, it is well 
known that polystyrene and styrene copolymer are much different in 
compatibility with the polyphenylene ether resin. 
U.S. Pat. No. 4,131,598 discloses that a resin composition consisting of a 
polyphenylene ether resin and a copolymer of a vinyl aromatic compound and 
an .alpha.,.beta.-unsaturated cyclic anhydride has a heat distortion 
temperature higher than that of a resin composition consisting of 
polystyrene and a polyphenylene ether resin. However, a resin composition 
consisting of a copolymer of a vinyl aromatic compound and an 
.alpha.,.beta.-unsaturated cyclic anhydride and a polyphenylene ether 
resin is inferior to a resin compound consisting of polystyrene and a 
polyphenylene ether resin in molding processability, impact resistance and 
appearance of molded products and, in addition, it has defects such as 
lower heat stability and no capability to endure molding at high 
temperatures. 
The present inventors have succeeded in providing materials for molding 
having not only high molding processability, high impact resistance, nice 
appearance of molded products and heat distortion temperature but also 
capability to endure molding at high temperatures, by finding the fact 
that a copolymer of a vinyl aromatic compound and an imide compound of an 
.alpha.,.beta.-unsaturated dicarboxylic acid has a very high compatibility 
with a polyphenylene ether resin. 
According to the present invention, a resin composition is provided, which 
comprises a copolymer of a vinyl aromatic compound and an imide compound 
of an .alpha.,.beta.-unsaturated dicarboxylic acid and a polyphenylene 
ether resin, together with or without an impact resistance reinforcing 
agent. The resin composition of the present invention has much higher heat 
distortion temperature and higher impact resistance compared with a resin 
composition consisting of polystyrene and a polyphenylene ether resin. 
Also the resin composition of the present invention is much superior to the 
composition consisting of a copolymer of vinyl aromatic compound and an 
.alpha.,.beta.-unsaturated cyclic anhydride and a polyphenylene ether 
resin disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 4,131,598 in impact resistance, gloss of 
the molded product and molding processability. Furthermore, the present 
resin composition is a material for molding which can endure molding at 
high temperatures and has high heat stability. The difference between the 
compatibility of a polyphenylene ether resin with a copolymer of a vinyl 
aromatic compound and an .alpha.,.beta.-unsaturated cyclic anhydride and 
that of a polyphenylene ether resin with a copolymer of a vinyl aromatic 
compound and an imide compound of an .alpha.,.beta.-unsaturated 
dicarboxylic acid can be detected in a viscoelastic measurement. The 
compatibility of the resin composition of the present invention is, as 
mentioned above, much superior and it is considered that this difference 
in compatibility reveals in physical properties of resins. 
Copolymers of a vinyl aromatic compound and an imide compound of an 
.alpha.,.beta.-unsaturated dicarboxylic acid used in the present invention 
include a non-rubber reinforced copolymer and an impact resistant rubber 
reinforced copolymer. In general, the copolymer used in the present 
invention can be prepared according to the conventional technology such as 
bulk polymerization, solution polymerization or emulsion polymerization 
based upon radical polymerization disclosed in, for example, German Patent 
No. 2,644,492. Also as mentioned in U.S. Pat. No. 3,998,907, German Pat. 
No. 2,343,408 and others, the copolymer of the present invention can be 
obtained by the treatment of a copolymer of a vinyl aromatic compound and 
an .alpha.,.beta.-unsaturated cyclic anhydride with a nitrogen-containing 
compound. 
Vinyl aromatic compound which can form the copolymer of the present 
invention has the formula: 
##STR1## 
wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 each is independently selected from the group 
consisting of lower alkyl or alkenyl groups having 1 to 6 carbon atoms and 
hydrogen; and R.sub.3, R.sub.4, R.sub.5, R.sub.6 and R.sub.7 each is 
independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, lower alkyl 
or alkenyl groups having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, bromine and chlorine. 
Examples are styrene, o-methylstyrene, p-methylstyrene, dimethylstyrene, 
m-ethylstyrene, chlorostyrene, isopropylstyrene, tert-butylstyrene, 
.alpha.-methylstyrene, ethylvinyltoluene and the like and mixtures 
thereof. 
Imide compounds of .alpha.,.beta.-unsaturated dicarboxylic acid which can 
form the copolymer used in the present invention are represented by the 
following general formula: 
##STR2## 
wherein R.sub.8, R.sub.9 or R.sub.10 represents hydrogen, alkyl group, 
alkenyl group, cycloalkyl group, phenyl group, phenylene group or alkylene 
group, respectively. As examples of them, there can be illustrated 
maleimide, N-methylmaleimide, N-butylmaleimide, N-cyclohexylmaleinimide, 
N-phenylmaleinimide, N-(p-methylphenyl)maleimide, 
N-(3,5-dimethylphenyl)maleimide, N-(p-methoxyphenyl)-maleimide, 
N-benzylmaleinimide, N-(1-naphthyl)-maleimide and the like. 
A rubber reinforced copolymer which can be used in the present invention 
can be obtained by polymerizing a monomer in the presence of a rubber-like 
polymer such as polybutadiene rubber, styrene-butadiene rubber, polybutene 
rubber, hydrogenated styrene-butadiene rubber, acrylonitrile rubber, 
ethylene-propylene rubber, polyacrylate rubber, polyisoprene rubber or 
natural rubber. 
It is desirable that the copolymer used in the present invention has a 
composition of 2-40 weight parts of the imide compound of an 
.alpha.,.beta.-dicarboxylic acid, 98-60 weight parts of the vinyl aromatic 
compound and 0-50 weight parts of the rubber; however, co-monomer which 
can copolymerize with the vinyl aromatic compound, for example, methyl 
acrylate, butyl acrylate, acrylonitrile, etc. can be introduced to said 
copolymer as far as the monomer does not lower the compatibility of the 
copolymer with a polyphenylene ether resin, as mentioned above. 
Though there are many copolymers which can be used for the present 
invention, copolymers of the vinyl aromatic compound and maleimide having 
a phenyl group or a nuclear-substituted phenyl group at N-position, for 
example, styrene/N-phenylmaleimide copolymer, 
styrene/N-(p-methylphenyl)maleimide and rubber-reinforced polymers 
thereof, are particularly preferred from the viewpoint of impact 
resistance, molding processability, appearance of molded products and the 
like. 
Polyphenylene ether resins used in the present invention are polymers and 
copolymers represented by the following general formula: 
##STR3## 
wherein R.sub.11, R.sub.12, R.sub.13 or R.sub.14 represents the residual 
group such as the same or different alkyl group, aryl group, halogen or 
hydrogen and n represents polymerization degree. As concrete examples of 
them, there can be illustrated poly(2,6-dimethylphenylene-1,4-ether), 
poly(2,6-diethylphenylene-1,4-ether), 
poly(2,6-dichlorophenylene-1,4-ether), 
poly(2,6-dibromophenylene-1,4-ether), 
poly(2-methyl-6-ethylphenylene-1,4-ether), 
poly(2-chloro-6-methylphenylene-1,4-ether), 
poly(2-methyl-6-isopropylphenylene-1,4-ether), 
poly(2,6-di-n-propylphenylene-1,4-ether), 
poly(2-bromo-6-methylphenylene-1,4-ether), 
poly(2-chloro-6-bromophenylene-1,4-ether), 
poly(2-chloro-6-ethylphenylene-1,4-ether), 
poly(2-methylphenylene-1,4-ether), poly(2-chlorophenylene-1,4-ether), 
poly(2-phenylphenylene-1,4-ether), 
poly(2-methyl-6-phenylphenylene-1,4-ether), 
poly(2-bromo-6-phenylphenylene-1,4-ether), 
poly(2,4'-methylphenylphenylene-1,4-ether), 
poly(2,3,6-trimethylphenylene-1,4-ether), 
poly(2,3-dimethyl-6-ethylphenylene-1,4-ether), copolymers thereof and 
vinyl aromatic compound-grafted copolymers thereof. The vinyl aromatic 
compound-grafted polyphenylene ether resin mentioned in the present 
invention is a copolymer obtained by graft-copolymerization of styrene, 
.alpha.-methylstyrene, methylstyrene, dimethylstyrene, vinyltoluene, 
tert-butylstyrene, chlorostyrene or the like to said polyphenylene ether 
resin. 
Any impact resistance reinforcing agent can be used in the present 
invention, as long as it can be further added to said copolymer of a vinyl 
aromatic compound and an imide compound of an .alpha.,.beta.-unsaturated 
dicarboxylic acid and the polyphenylene ether resin to improve the impact 
resistance; however, a graftcopolymer obtained by graft-copolymerization 
of a monomer which contains the vinyl aromatic compound as the main 
component to the rubber-like polymer and various thermoplastic elastomers 
are preferable. 
The graftcopolymer mentioned in the present invention which is obtained by 
graft-copolymerization of the monomer which contains the vinyl aromatic 
compound as the main component to the rubber-like polymer means a polymer 
obtained by emulsion graft-copolymerization of the monomer which contains 
the vinyl aromatic compound as the main component to the rubber-like 
polymer in a latex-like state, a polymer obtained by such means as bulk 
polymerization, solution polymerization or suspension polymerization of a 
solution obtained by dissolving the rubber-like polymer in a solvent whose 
main component is the vinyl aromatic compound and the like. As the 
rubber-like polymer used herein, there can be illustrated polybutadiene, 
styrene-butadiene copolymer, acrylonitrile-butadiene copolymer, 
ethylene-propylene copolymer, polyacrylates, polyisoprene or the like. As 
the vinyl aromatic compound, there can be illustrated styrene, 
o-methylstyrene, p-methylstyrene, dimethylstyrene, isopropylstyrene, 
tert-butylstyrene, .alpha.-methylstyrene, ethylvinyltoluene or the like. 
As co-monomer used together with the vinyl aromatic compound, there is an 
acrylate, a methacrylate, acrylonitrile, methacrylonitrile, methacrylic 
acid, acrylic acid or the like. Such the co-monomer should be used in a 
range wherein it does not lower the compatibility thereof with the 
polyphenylene ether resin. 
Though a high-impact polystyrene usually sold at a market can be used for 
the impact resistance reinforcing agent, a preferable graftcopolymer is 
one having a high content of rubber-like polymer, preferably not lower 
than 12 weight percent of rubber-like polymer in the graftcopolymer, most 
preferably 30-70 weight percent. Particle size of dispersed rubber in the 
graftcopolymer may range widely from small one obtained by emulsion 
polymerization to large one obtained by bulk polymerization, solution 
polymerization or suspension polymerization. 
The thermoplastic elastomer referred to above means styrene-butadiene 
block-copolymer, hydrogenated styrene-butadiene copolymer, 
ethylene-propylene elastomer, styrene-grafted ethylene-propylene 
elastomer, polyester elastomer or the like. As the styrene-butadiene 
block-copolymer, any of AB-type, ABA-type, ABA-taper type and radial 
teleblock type ones may be used. 
The graftcopolymer and the elastomer can be used individually or in 
combination as an impact resistance reinforcing agent. 
The polyphenylene ether resin, the copolymer of vinyl aromatic compound and 
imide compound of .alpha.,.beta.-unsaturated dicarboxylic acid and the 
graftcopolymer obtained by graft-copolymerization of vinyl aromatic 
compound to rubber-like polymer or the thermoplastic elastomer can be 
blended in an arbitrary ratio; however, from the viewpoint of balance of 
mechanical properties, thermal properties and the like, it is preferable 
that 5-95 wt.% of the polyphenylene ether resin, 5-95 wt.% of the 
copolymer of vinyl aromatic compound and imide compound of 
.alpha.,.beta.-unsaturated dicarboxylic acid and 0-90 wt.% of the impact 
resistant reinforcing agent are contained in a resin composition. 
Furthermore, it is most preferable that 20-70 wt.% of the polyphenylene 
ether resin, 10-80 wt.% of the copolymer of vinyl aromatic compound and 
imide compound of .alpha.,.beta.-unsaturated dicarboxylic acid and 0-60 
wt.% of the impact resistance reinforcing agent are contained in a resin 
composition. Furthermore, the total amount of rubber-like polymers 
contained in the rubber-reinforced copolymer of vinyl aromatic compound 
and imide compound of .alpha.,.beta.-unsaturated dicarboxylic acid, the 
graftcopolymer and the thermoplastic elastomer is most preferably 0-30 
wt.% in the resin composition of the present invention. When the content 
of the rubber-like polymer is too high, there are caused undesirable 
results such as decreases in heat resistance and in rigidity of the resin 
composition. 
A satisfactory material for molding which is well-balanced in heat 
resistance and molding processability, has high heat stability and can 
sufficiently endure molding at high temperatures can be obtained from 
blending the copolymer of vinyl aromatic compound and imide compound of 
.alpha.,.beta.-unsaturated dicarboxylic acid with the polyphenylene ether 
resin. Furthermore, an additional combination of the impact resistance 
reinforcing agent to the above blend can facilitate an improvement in 
well-balancing among impact resistance-heat resistance-molding 
processability, without any degrading high heat stability and molding 
performance above. The combination of only the copolymer of vinyl aromatic 
compound and imide compound of .alpha.,.beta.-unsaturated dicarboxylic 
acid and the impact resistance reinforcing agent used in the the present 
invention does not bring about sufficiently high impact resistance and 
high heat distortion temperature. The combination of only the 
polyphenylene ether resin and the impact resistance reinforcing agent used 
in the present invention does not bring about satisfactory molding 
processability, either. On the other hand, the present combination of the 
three components mentioned above in a range described in the present 
invention can reveal a synergetic effect to produce a material which is 
well-balanced in impact resistance, heat resistance and molding 
processability. 
The present invention is never limited by the process to obtain the blended 
resin composition. One of the processes is that the raw materials are 
molten and kneaded with an extruder, a roll mixer, a Bunbury's mixer, a 
kneader mixer or the like. Another process is that the vinyl aromatic 
compound monomer is polymerized in the presence of the polyphenylene ether 
resin. 
It is possible to make the resin composition contain a reinforcing filler. 
As the reinforcing filler, there can be used glass fiber, carbon fiber, 
asbestos, wallastonite, calcium carbonate, talc, mica, zinc oxide, 
titanium oxide, potassium titanate and the like. It is preferable to use 
the filler in a range of 1-50 wt.% of the total composition. 
The resin composition of the present invention may further include a flame 
retarder and a plasticizer. Flame retarders and plasticizers 
conventionally used such as phosphorous compounds, for example, 
triphenylphosphate, and halogen-containing compounds, for example, 
decarbromodiphenyl oxide, can be used. 
Also the present composition may further contain other additives such as 
colorants and stabilizers therein. Other polymers such as polyethylene and 
polypropylene may be blended in the resin composition as far as they do 
not lower the characteristics such as mechanical properties. The 
preferable amount of these resins to be added is not more than 20 wt.%. 
The present invention will be explained in detail hereinbelow with 
examples; however, the present invention is never limited thereby. The 
part means weight part.

EXAMPLES 1-2 
A styrene-N-phenylmaleimide copolymer (having an N-phenylmaleimide content 
of 10 wt.%) and poly(2,6-dimethylphenylene-1,4-ether) having 
.eta.sp/c=0.65 were blended in a ratio shown in Table 1 and the mixture 
was molten and extruded with a twin-screw extruder to obtain a resin 
composition in pellet state. Test pieces were injection-molded from the 
resin composition thus obtained and tensile strength, elongation, Izod 
impact strength and heat distortion temperature were measured in 
accordance with the method described in JIS K6871. The results are shown 
in Table 1. 
The heat stability of the resin composition was evaluated from the surface 
blisters produced on the molded product and decrease of physical 
properties when the injection molding of the resin composition was 
conducted at 280.degree.-300.degree. C. 
References 1, 2 and 3 
Tests were conducted in accordance with the same procedure as that in 
Example 1, using 65 parts of DYLARK.RTM.332 (styrene-maleic anhydride 
copolymer, produced by ARCO POLYMER CO.) and 35 parts of 
poly(2,6-dimethylphenylene-1,4-ether). The results are also shown in Table 
1. When only poly(2,6-dimethylphenylene-1,4-ether) was used, the product 
had very low molding processability resulting in difficulty to obtain a 
satisfactory molded piece even at a temperature higher than 300.degree. C. 
Also, properties of the styrene-N-phenylmaleimide copolymer are shown in 
Table 1 (Reference 3). 
EXAMPLE 3 
Tests were conducted in accordance with the same procedure as that in 
Example 1 except that a styrene-N-phenylmaleimide compolymer having an 
N-phenylmaleimide content of 18 wt.% was used in place of the 
styrene-N-phenylmaleimide copolymer. Results are also shown in Table 1. 
EXAMPLE 4 
Sixty parts of a rubber-reinforced styrene-N-phenylmaleimide (having an 
N-phenylmaleimide content of 18 wt.% and a styrene-butadiene copolymer 
rubber content of 9 wt.%) and 40 parts of 
poly(2,6-dimethylphenylene-1,4-ether) were molten and extruded with a 
twin-screw extruder to obtain a resin composition in pellet state. 
Physical properties such as melt-flow index, gloss value of the molded 
product and others were measured and the results are shown in Table 2. The 
gloss value of the molded product was shown by reflectivity of light. 
EXAMPLE 5 
Fifty parts of rubber-reinforced styrene-N-phenylmaleimide copolymer 
(having an N-phenylmaleimide content of 18 wt.% and a styrene-butadiene 
copolymer rubber content of 9 wt.%) and 50 parts of 
styrene-grafted-poly-(2,6-dimethylphenylene-1,4-ether) obtained by mixing 
50 parts of poly(2,6-dimethylphenylene-1,4-ether), 10 parts of styrene and 
0.6 part of di-tert-butyl peroxide in a Henschel mixer and then 
graft-copolymerizing the mixture at 280.degree. C. in molten and kneaded 
state with a twin-screw extruder, were mixed and molten with a twin-screw 
extruder to obtain a resin composition in pellet state. Physical 
properties such as melt-flow index, gloss value of the molded product and 
others were measured. The results are shown in Table 2. 
EXAMPLE 6 
Forty six parts of a styrene-N-phenylmaleimide copolymer (having an 
N-phenylmaleimide content of 18 wt.%) 45 parts of 
poly(2,6-dimethylphenylene-1,4-ether) having a .eta.sp=0.65 and 9 parts of 
a graft-copolymer obtained by emulsion graft-copolymerization of 40 parts 
of styrene in the presence of 60 parts of polybutadiene latex were molten 
and mixed with a twin-screw extruder to obtain a resin composition in 
pellet state. Physical properties such as melt-flow index, gloss value of 
the molded product and others were measured and the results are shown in 
Table 2. 
EXAMPLE 7 
After adding 5.0 parts of triphenylphosphate to 100 parts of the materials 
in Example 6, the mixture was molten and mixed with a twin-screw extruder 
to obtain a resin composition in pellet state. Similar tests to those in 
Example 6 were conducted and the results are shown in Table 2. 
EXAMPLE 8 
Example 6 was repeated except that a graft-copolymer obtained by emulsion 
graft-copolymerization of 35 parts of styrene and 5 parts of methyl 
methacrylate in the presence of 60 parts of polybutadiene latex was used 
instead of the emulsion graftcopolymer. The results are shown in Table 2. 
EXAMPLES 9-13 
Example 6 was repeated each using a styrene-N-phenylmaleimide copolymer 
(having an N-phenylmaleimide content of 18 wt.%) and a 
styrene-grafted-poly(2,6-dimethylphenylene-1,4-ether) used in Example 5 
and, as an impact resistance reinforcing agent, an emulsion graftcopolymer 
used in Example 6, STYRON.RTM.XH 602 (high impact polystyrene, produced by 
Asahi-Dow Limited), KRATON G 1650 (hydrogenated styrene-butadiene 
block-copolymer, produced by Shell Chemical Co.) or TUFPRENE.RTM. 
(styrene-butadiene block-copolymer, produced by Asahi Kasei Kogyo 
Kabushiki Kaisha), respectively and mixing them in a ratio shown in Table 
3. The results are shown in Table 3. 
References 4 and 5 
Example 6 was repeated each except that DYLARK.RTM.332 (styrene-maleic 
anhydride copolymer, produced by ARCO POLYMER CO.) [Reference 4] and 
STYRON.RTM.685 (polystyrene, produced by Asahi-Dow Limited) [Reference 5] 
were used, respectively, instead of the styrene-N-phenylmaleimide. The 
results are shown in Table 2. The composition of Reference 5 has good 
mechanical properties and heat stability. The composition has been 
commercialized. However, the composition has lower heat distortion 
temperature than that of Example 6. When styrene-maleic anhydride 
copolymer was used, a molded piece by injection molding showed surface 
blisters (bad heat stability) and had no satisfactory Izod impact 
strength. 
Reference 6 
Example 8 was repeated except that TYRIL.RTM.783 (styrene-acrylonitrile 
copolymer, produced by Asahi-Dow Limited) was used instead of the 
styrene-N-phenylmaleimide copolymer. The results are shown in Table 2. A 
molded piece prepared by injection molding from the resin composition 
obtained herein showed a phenomenon of layer peeling off. Also high Izod 
impact strength was not obtained therefrom. 
Reference 7 
Tests were conducted in accordance with Example 6 using a blend of 91 parts 
of poly(2,6-dimethylphenylene-1,4-ether) of said example and 9 parts of 
emulsion graft copolymer of said example, without 
styrene-N-phenylmaleimide. The molding processability of the resin 
composition obtained was very poor and it was difficult to obtain a 
satisfactory molded piece even at a temperature higher than 300.degree. C. 
Testing method JIS K6871 of Examples 1-2 is applied to all of the other 
examples and references. 
TABLE 1 
__________________________________________________________________________ 
Combination recipe and physical properties of resin compositions 
Example 
Example 
Example 
Reference 
Reference 
Reference 
1 2 3 1 2 3 
__________________________________________________________________________ 
Combination recipe 
Poly(2,6-dimethyl- 
35 50 35 35 100 -- 
phenylene-1,4-ether) 
Styrene-N--phenyl- 
65 50 -- -- -- 100 
maleinimide copolymer 
(having N--phenyl- 
maleinimide content 
of 10%) 
Styrene-N--phenyl- 
-- -- 65 -- -- -- 
maleimide copolymer 
(having N--phenyl- 
maleinimide content 
of 18%) 
DYLARK 332 (styrene- 
-- -- -- 65 -- -- 
maleic anhydride 
copolymer) 
Physical properties 
Heat distorton 
122 128 125 120 difficult 
99 
temperature (.degree.C.) 
Tensile strength 
630 650 630 620 to be 480 
(kg/cm.sup.2) 
Elongation (%) 
5 7 6 2 molded 
2 
Izod impact strength 
1.3 2.0 1.5 1.0 0.8 
(kg .multidot. cm/cm) 
Heat stability 
No surface 
No surface 
No surface 
Surface -- 
blisters 
blisters 
blisters 
blisters 
(good heat 
(good heat 
(good heat 
(bad heat 
stability) 
stability) 
stability) 
stability) 
__________________________________________________________________________ 
TABLE 2 
__________________________________________________________________________ 
Physical properties of resin compositions 
Example 
Example 
Example 
Example 
Example 
Reference 
Reference 
Reference 
4 5 6 7 8 4 5 6 
__________________________________________________________________________ 
Physical properties 
Heat distortion 
130 128 136 122 135 125 122 122 
temperature (.degree.C.) 
Tensile strength 
600 590 660 600 650 600 620 580 
(Kg/cm.sup.2) 
Elongation (%) 
45 40 28 32 25 3 30 2 
Izod impact strength 
18 17 15 16 12 5 13 3 
(Kg .multidot. cm/cm) 
Melt-flow index* 
6 12 7 22 5 3 9 5 
(g/10 min.) 
Heat stability 
No surface 
No surface 
No surface 
No surface 
No surface 
Surface 
No surface 
No surface 
blisters 
blisters 
blisters 
blisters 
blisters 
blisters 
blisters 
blisters 
(good heat 
(good heat 
(good heat 
(good heat 
(good heat 
(bad heat 
(good heat 
(good heat 
stability) 
stability) 
stability) 
stability) 
stability) 
stability) 
stability) 
stability) 
Peeling o o o o o o o x 
Gloss value (%) 
68 65 65 70 70 15 65 20 
__________________________________________________________________________ 
*at 250.degree. C. under a load of 21.6 kg? 
TABLE 3 
______________________________________ 
Combination recipe and physical 
properties of resin compositions 
Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- 
ple 9 ple 10 ple 11 ple 12 
ple 13 
______________________________________ 
Combination recipe 
Styrene-grafted- 
50 50 40 40 40 
poly(2,6-dimethyl- 
phenylene-1,4-ether) 
Styrene-N--phenyl- 
40 20 30 30 40 
maleinimide copoly- 
mer (having N--phen- 
ylmaleimide content 
of 18%) 
Emulsion graft 
10 -- -- -- -- 
copolymer 
STYRON XH 602 
-- 30 20 -- -- 
TUFPRENE -- -- -- -- 20 
KRATON G 1650 
-- -- 10 30 -- 
Physical properties 
Heat distortion 
125 123 119 115 118 
temperature (.degree.C.) 
Tensile strength 
600 610 500 420 450 
(Kg/cm.sup.2) 
Elongation (%) 
30 20 35 45 30 
Izod impact strength 
12 8 12 12 9 
(Kg .multidot. cm/cm) 
______________________________________