Water and oil emulsion solid antiperspirant/deodorant compositions

A water and oil emulsion solid antiperspirant or deodorant composition comprising, by weight of the total composition: PA1 0.1-30% of a silicone elastomer, PA1 0.05-30% of a gellant, PA1 1-25% of an antiperspirant or deodorant active, PA1 1-90% water, and PA1 1-75% oil.

TECHNICAL FIELD
 The invention is in the field of antiperspirant/deodorant compositions.
 SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
 Antiperspirants and deodorants are sold in various forms such as gels,
 solids, roll-ons, and aerosols. Solids are very popular with consumers.
 However, typical solids are anhydrous and have certain drawbacks such as
 tackiness, greasiness, or inadequate payoff. Solids which contain
 substantial levels of water are desireable because the presence of water
 ameliorates some of the drawbacks. However, water based solids may
 sometimes be unstable. In addition, if the gelling agents used to form the
 water based gel form a gel structure that is too "tight", the sticks will
 not have the appropriate payoff.
 The object of the invention is to prepare a water and oil emulsion solid
 antiperspirant/deodorant composition with commercially acceptable payoff.
 The object of the invention is to prepare a water and oil emulsion solid
 antiperspirant/deodorant composition containing silicone elastomers.
 SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
 A water and oil emulsion solid antiperspirant composition comprising, by
 weight of the total composition:
 0.1-30% of a silicone elastomer,
 0.05-30% of a gellant,
 1-25% of an antiperspirant active,
 1-90% water, and
 1-75% oil.
 A water and oil emulsion solid deodorant composition comprising, by weight
 of the total composition:
 0.1-30% of a silicone elastomer,
 0.05-30% of a gellant,
 1-20% of a deodorant active,
 1-90% water, and
 1-75% oil.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION
 The emulsion compositions of the invention are solid at room temperature.
 The emulsions may be water-in-oil or oil-in-water. The term "solid" means
 that the compositions may be in the form of solid sticks or the soft solid
 form (which is a solid but compressible viscous gel). The emulsion
 compositions contain the following ingredients.
 SILICONE ELASTOMER
 The emulsion compositions of the invention contain 0.1-30%, preferably
 0.1-20%, more preferably 0.5-15% of a silicone elastomer. Suitable
 silicone elastomers for use in the compositions are as set forth in U.S.
 Pat. Nos. 5,266,321; 4,980,167; 4,742,142; 5,599,533; and 5,412,004; all
 of which are incorporated by reference in the entirety. The silicone
 elastomers may be emulsifying or nonemulsifying. The term "emulsifying"
 means that the silicone elastomer contains polar functional groups that
 provide emulsification properties. The term "nonemulsifying" means that
 the silicone elastomer does not contain polar functional groups that
 provide emulsifying properties. The silicone elastomers are generally
 three dimensional cross-linked chain polymers which have rubber-like
 properties.
 One type of nonemulsifying silicone elastomer that may be used in the
 compositions of the invention are those formed by the reaction of hydrogen
 substituted siloxanes and an alpha, omega diene, in the presence of a
 platinum catalyst, and a low molecular weight linear or cyclic siloxane.
 The hydrogen substituted siloxane have the general formulas:
EQU R.sub.3 SiO(R'.sub.2 SiO).sub.a (R"HSiO).sub.b SiR.sub.3
EQU HR.sub.2 SiO(R'.sub.2 SiO).sub.c SiR.sub.2 H
EQU HR.sub.2 SiO(R'.sub.2 SiO).sub.a (R"HSiO).sub.b SiR.sub.2 H
 wherein R, R', and R" are each independently alkyl groups having 1-22
 carbon atoms, a is 0-250, b is 1-250, and c is 0-250. Any one or more of
 the above mentioned substituted siloxanes may be used in the reaction. The
 alpha omega dienes used in the reaction have the general formula:
EQU CH.sub.2.dbd.CH(CH.sub.2).sub.x CH.dbd.CH.sub.2
 wherein x is 1-20. Examples of such alpha omega dienes are 1,4-pentadiene,
 1,5-hexadiene, 1,6-heptadiene, 1,7-octadiene, 1,8-nonadiene,
 1,9-decadiene, 1,11-dodecadiene, 1,13-tetradecadiene, 1,19-eicosadiene.
 These silicone elastomers are disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 5,654,362, which
 is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety.
 Other nonemulsifying silicone elastomers suitable for use in the invention
 are disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 5,599,533, which is hereby incorporated by
 reference. These silicone elastomers are three dimensional cross-linked
 polymers formed by reaction of a methyl hydrogen siloxane and an
 organopolysiloxane having unsaturated groups such as vinyl or allyl,
 preferably in the presence of a platinum catalyst. In these silicone
 elastomers the cross-linking group is an organopolysiloxane, rather than
 an alpha omega diene, as above.
 Other silicone elastomers for use in the compositions may be formed by the
 reaction of methyl hydrogen organosiloxanes with vinyl or allyl terminated
 organosiloxane that is substituted with other functional groups, for
 example, fatty alkyl groups or hydroxyl alkyl groups. For example, a
 suitable silicone elastomer may be formed by the reaction of a methyl
 hydrogen siloxane substituted with a C.sub.16-22 alkyl group. Or, the
 vinyl or allyl terminated organosiloxane may be substituted with such a
 fatty alkyl group.
 Also suitable are emulsifying silicone elastomers disclosed in U.S. Pat.
 No. 5,412,004. These elastomers are formed by the addition polymerization
 of
 I. an organohydrogenpolysiloxane having the following formula:
 ##EQU1##
 (1) R.sup.1 is a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, aryl, or aralkyl group
 having 1-18 carbon atoms, or a halogenated hydrocarbon group; and
 (2) R.sup.2 is --C.sub.n H.sub.2n O(C.sub.2 H.sub.4 O).sub.d (C.sub.3
 H.sub.6 O).sub.e R.sub.3
 (a) wherein R.sup.3 is a hydrogen, a saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon group
 having 1-10 carbon atoms, or a group --(CO)--R.sup.5
 (i) wherein R.sup.5 is a saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon having 1 to 5
 carbon atoms,
 (b) d is an integer of 2 to 200,
 (c) e is an integer of 0 to 200, provided that d+e is 3-200; and
 (d) n is 2 to 6;
 (3) ais 1 to 2.5;
 (4) b is 0.001 to 1.0; and
 (5) c is 0.001 to 1.0; or an organohydrogenpolysiloxane having the
 following formula
 (B) or on organohydrogenpolysiloxane having the following formula:
 ##EQU2##
 (1) wherein R.sup.1 is the same as defined in formula I(A) above,
 (2) f is 1.0 to 3.0;
 (3) g is 0.001 to 1.5;
 (C) or a mixture of said organohydrogenpolysiloxanes of formulas I(A) and
 I(B); and
 II. a polyoxyalkylene having the following formula:
 (A) C.sub.m H.sub.2m-1 O(C.sub.2 H.sub.4 O).sub.h (C.sub.3 H.sub.6 O).sub.i
 C.sub.m H.sub.2m-1
 (1) wherein h is an integer of 2 to 200,
 (2) i is an integer of 0 to 200 provided that h+i is 3 to 200; and
 (3) mis 2 to 6;
 (B) or an organopolysiloxane having the following formula
 ##EQU3##
 (1) wherein R.sup.1 is the same as defined in formula I(A) above,
 (2) R.sup.4 is a monovalent hydrocarbon group having an aliphatic
 unsaturated bond at the terminal thereof and containing 2 to 10 carbon
 atoms;
 (3) j is 1.023 to 3.0; and
 (4) k is 0.001 to 1.5;
 (C) or a mixture of the polyoxyalkylene of II(A) and the organopolysiloxane
 of II(B), wherein at least one organohydrogenpolysiloxane of formulas I or
 at least one polyoxyalkylene of formulas II is contained as an essential
 component of the addition polymerization.
 Preferred silicone elastomers are formed by the reaction of an
 organohydrogenpolysiloxane having the formula:
 ##EQU4##
 wherein R.sup.1 is a C.sub.1-18 alkyl, and R.sup.2 is H; with a
 polyoxyalkylene having the formula:
EQU C.sub.m H.sub.2m-1 O(C.sub.2 H.sub.4 O).sub.h (C.sub.3 H.sub.6 O).sub.i
 C.sub.m H.sub.2m-1
 wherein m, h, and I are as defined above. Particularly preferred is an
 emulsifying silicone elastomer sold by Shin-Etsu Silicones under the
 tradename KSG 21.
 Also preferred are silicone elastomers formed by reaction of a methyl
 hydrogen siloxane and an organopolysiloxane having unsaturated groups such
 as vinyl or allyl, preferably in the presence of a platinum catalyst.
 In general, silicone elastomers suitable for use in the invention may be
 purchased from Grant Industries under the tradename Gransil (SR-CYC, SR,
 DMF 10, SR-DC556), from Shin-Etsu under the tradenames KSG15, KSG17,
 KSG16, KSG18, KSG21Dow Corning under the tradenames Trefil E-505C, Trefil
 E-506C, of 9506; and General Electric under the tradenames SFE 168.
 Examples of these elastomers include those having the CTFA names
 dimethicone/vinyl dimethicone crosspolymer, cetearyl dimethicone/vinyl
 dimethicone crosspolymer, and the like.
 GELLANT
 The composition of the invention comprises 0.05 to 30%, preferably 0.
 1-20%, more preferably 0.5-15% of a gellant. Suitable gellants are
 carboxylated salt gelling agents, dibenzylidene alditols, polysaccharides,
 polysaccharide/protein complexes, and the like.
 I. Carboxylated Salt Gelling Agents
 The term "carboxylated salt gelling agent" means a gelling agent that is
 formed by the reaction of a salt with a compound containing at least one
 carboxylic acid group. Preferably the carboxylic acid-containing compound
 is a fatty acid and the carboxylated salt gelling agent is the salt of a
 water insoluble fatty acid and a base. While the fatty acid used to make
 the carboxylated salt gelling agent is generally water insoluble, the
 resulting gelling agent may be water soluble or water insoluble.
 Preferably, the carboxylated salt gelling agent in accordance with this
 invention is water soluble, i.e. after the water insoluble fatty acid is
 reacted with the metallic cation (such as sodium) the gelling agent is
 water soluble or dispersible Suitable fatty acids used to make the gelling
 agent are C.sub.12-40 straight or branched chain, saturated or unsaturated
 fatty acids. Suitable fatty acids include lauric, myristic, palmitic,
 stearic, oleic, linoleic, linolenic, behenic, caprylic, stearic, and so
 on. In addition, oils containing fatty acid mixtures, such as palm kernel,
 olive, tallow, peanut, rapeseed, and the like may be used as the fatty
 acid component. Preferred are C.sub.16-22 fatty acids such as lauric,
 stearic, or behenic. Most preferred is where the fatty acid is stearic
 acid.
 A variety of cations may be used. Generally the type of cation selected
 will determine whether the resulting gelling agent is water soluble or
 water insoluble. Generally cations such as sodium, potassium, or low
 molecular weight amines or alkanolamines will provide water soluble
 gelling agents. Suitable amines are ammonia and derivatives thereof.
 Suitable alkanolamines include mono- di- and triethanolamines.
 Examples of gelling agents which may be used in the compositions of the
 invention are sodium, potassium, aluminum, magnesium, or calcium salts of
 stearic, behenic, caprylic, tallowic, tallic, cocoic, or lauric acids, and
 so on. Preferably the gelling agent used in the compositions of the
 invention are water soluble salts of fatty acids and sodium, and in
 particular sodium stearate.
 II. Dibenzylidene Alditols
 Also suitable as the gellant are a class of compounds referred to as
 dibenzylidene alditols, for example dibenzylidene sorbital monoacetal.
 Examples of dibenzylidene alditols include dibenzyl monosorbitol acetals
 disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 4,518,582, which is hereby incorporated by
 reference.
 III. Polysaccharides
 Polysaccharide gellants are also suitable for use in the compositions of
 the invention. The term "polysaccharide gellant" means a water soluble
 compound or composition (i) containing at least one saccharide moiety; and
 (ii) which, upon mixing with water in a ratio of about 1 to 1 at room
 temperature (25.degree. C.) is capable of forming either a soft gel having
 a gel having a viscosity of about 1,000 to 800,000 centipoise at
 25.degree. C., and/or a gel strength of about 10 to 5,000 grams/cm.sup.2
 at 25.degree. C. as measured using a TA.XT2i texture analyzer with a 1/2
 inch diameter cylindrical probe. The term "saccharide moiety" means a
 polyhydroxy aldehyde or ketone, or acid hydrolysis product thereof, which,
 preferably, has the general formula C.sub.x (H.sub.2 O).sub.y. Examples of
 saccharide moieties include the D and L forms of glucose, fructose,
 xylose, arabinose, ficose, galactose, pyruvic acid, succinic acid, acetic
 acid, galactose, 3,6-anhydro-galactose sulfate, galactose-4-sulfate,
 galactose-2-sulfate, galactose-2,6-disulfate, mannose, glucuronic acid,
 mannuronic acid, guluronic acid, galactouronic acid, rhamnose, and so on.
 Preferably the polysaccharide gellants have a molecular weight ranging
 from about 500 to 15,000,000 daltons, preferably 5,000 to 1,000,000, more
 preferably 25,000 to 500,000 daltons. Polysaccharide gellants which
 fulfill the above criteria include polysaccharides such as galactans,
 galactomannans, glucomannans, polyuronic acids, and the like. Suitable
 galactans are agar, agarose, and kappa carageenan, iota carageenan, lambda
 carageenan. Examples of suitable galactomannans are locust bean gum and
 guar; examples of glucans are cellulose and derivatives thereof, starch
 and derivatives, dextrans, pullulan, beta 1,3-glucans, chitin, xanthan,
 tamarind and the like; examples of glucomannans are konjac; examples of
 polyuronic acids are algin, alginates, pectins; examples of
 heteropolysaccharides are gellan, welan, gum arabic, karaya gum, okra gum,
 aloe gum, gum tragacanth, gum ghatti quinceseed gum, psyllium, starch
 arabinogalactan and so on.
 Preferred are galactans, in particular agarose, which is a polysaccharide
 comprised of basic repeating units of 1,3-linked beta-D-galactopyranose
 and 1,4-linked 3,6-anhydro-alpha-L-galactopyranose saccharide moieties.
 The agarose may be substituted by hydrophobic or hydrophilic groups.
 Examples of hydrophobic groups are alkoxy, in particular, methoxy.
 Examples of hydrophilic or polar groups are sulfate, pyruvate and the
 like. Examples of such substitutions are taught in Aoki, T.T.; Araki & M.
 Kitamikado; 1990, Vibrio sp. AP-2. Eur. J. Biochem, 187, 461-465, which is
 hereby incorporated by reference. The average molecular weight of agarose
 ranges between 35,700 and 144,000 daltons. The agarose suitable for use in
 the compositions of the invention may be from any suitable source or
 locate. For example an article authored by M. Lahaye and C. Rochas,
 Hydrobiologia, 221, 137-148, 1991, which is hereby incorporated by
 reference, discusses the numerous different types of agarose from
 different origins of seaweed species, all of which are suitable for use in
 the compositions of the invention. Also suitable for use in the
 compositions of the invention are chemically modified agaroses, such as
 those taught in an article authored by K. B. Guiseley in Industrial
 Polysaccharides:Genetic Engineering, Structure/Property Relations and
 Applications, Edited by M. Yalpani, 1987, Elsevier Science Publishers,
 which is hereby incorporated by reference. The Guiseley article teaches
 methods for the chemical modification of agaroses to obtain optimum
 gelling properties. One example of modified agarose is a hydroethylated
 agarose which is sold under the brand names SeaPlaque and SeaPrep. In
 general, any modification of agarose which does not affect the helical
 conformation (i.e. which is obtained via linkage of the 06 and 04 of
 galactose to the 02 of 3,6-anhydrogalactose) will preserve the gelling
 capability.
 In the most preferred embodiment of the invention, the polysaccharide
 gellant is agarose, which can be purchased from Seakem under the tradename
 Seakem LG agarose.
 IV. Protein/Polysaccharide Complexes
 Another suitable gellant may be protein/polysaccharide complexes ("PPC").
 Such PPC's are formed by the reaction of a protein and an anionic
 polysaccharide containing a sufficient number of pendant hydrophilic
 groups such that the polysaccharide has a net positive or negative charge
 density, preferably a net negative charge density. The net charge of the
 PPC will depend upon the ratio of protein to polysaccharide in the PPC and
 the pH at which the PPC is made. For example, if the PPC is made at a pH
 which is above the isoelectric point of the protein, it will have a
 negative charge regardless of the ratio of protein to polysaccharide. On
 the other hand, if it is made at a pH which is below the isoelectric point
 of the protein, the pH of the PPC may be positively charged if the total
 positive charge from the protein is more than the negative charge
 polysaccharide and protein combined. The protein used must contain a
 sufficient number of amino and/or carboxyl groups such that it is capable
 of reacting with the hydrophilic groups on the anionic polysaccharide to
 form a PPC. Preferably the pendant hydrophilic groups of the
 polysaccharide react with amino and/or carboxyl groups of the protein via
 formation of ionic bonds or electrostatic interaction. A variety of
 proteins may be used to form the PPC. The term "protein" when used in
 accordance with this invention means a peptide chain having at least two
 amino acid residues, preferably at least five, and more preferably more
 than one hundred amino acid residues. Most preferably the protein is a
 high molecular weight polypeptide which is preferably water soluble, and
 may be natural, plant (vegetable) proteins, or animal derived proteins, as
 well as synthetic proteins provided they react with the hydrophilic
 pendant groups on the polysaccharide to form a PPC. The isoelectric point
 of the protein used to make the PPC is not critical. Examples of natural
 proteins include albumen, amylase, amyloglucosidase, arginine/lysine
 polypeptide, casein, catalase, collagen, crystalline, cytochrome C,
 deoxyribonuclease, elastin, fibronectin, gelatin, gliadin, glucose
 oxidase, glycoproteins, hexyldecyl ester of hydrolyzed collagen, human
 placental protein, human placental enzymes, iodized corn protein, keratin,
 lactoferrin, lactoglobulin, lactoperoxidase, lipase, milk protein,
 hyristoyl glycine/histidine/lysin polypeptide, nisin, oxido reductase,
 pancreatin, papin, pepsin, placental protein, protease, saccharomyces
 polypeptides, serum albumin, serum protein, silk, sodium stearoyl
 lactalbumin, soluble proteoglycan, soybean palmitate, soy, egg, peanut,
 cottonseed, sunflower, pea, whey, fish, seafood, subtilisin, superoxide
 dismutase, sutilains, sweet almond protein, urease, wheat germ protein,
 wheat protein, whey protein, zein, hydrolyzed vegetable protein, and the
 like. Preferred is casein which is a mixture of phosphoproteins obtained
 from cow's milk; and milk protein which is a mixture of proteins obtained
 from cow's milk.
 Synthetic proteins or polypeptides may also be suitable. Synthetic proteins
 may be made by solid phase synthesis, or via recombinant biotechnology
 processes.
 A variety of anionic polysaccharides are suitable for use in making the PPC
 used in the compositions of the invention, provided the anionic
 polysaccharide contains a sufficient number of pendant hydrophilic groups
 to cause the resulting PPC to exhibit a net positive or negative charge.
 In addition, the anionic polysaccharide must be capable of reacting with
 the protein to form a PPC having a protein/polysaccharide ratio of about
 100 to 1: to 1: 100. Suitable pendant hydrophilic groups include groups,
 i.e. a group containing the moiety --SO.sub.3.sup.- ; --SO.sub.4.sup.- ;
 or --OSO.sub.2 O--; phosphate, pyruvate, and the like. The term
 "polysaccharide" when used in accordance with the invention means a water
 soluble anionic polysaccharide which (i) contains at least five saccharide
 moieties; and (ii) which, upon mixing with water in a ratio of about 1 to
 1 at room temperature (25.degree. C.) is capable of forming either a soft
 gel having a gel having a viscosity of about 1,000 to 800,000 centipoise
 at 25.degree. C., and/or a gel strength of about 10 to 5,000
 grams/cm.sup.2 at 25.degree. C. as measured using a TA.XT2i texture
 analyzer with a 1/2 inch diameter cylindrical probe. The term "saccharide
 moiety" means a polyhydroxy aldehyde or ketone, or acid hydrolysis product
 thereof, which, preferably, has the general formula C.sub.x (H.sub.2
 O).sub.y. Examples of saccharide moieties include the D and L forms of
 glucose, fructose, xylose, arabinose, fucose, galactose, pyruvic acid,
 succinic acid, acetic acid, galactose, 3,6-anhydro-galactose sulfate,
 galactose-4-sulfate, galactose-2-sulfate, galactose-2,6-disulfate,
 mannose, glucuronic acid, mannuronic acid, guluronic acid, galactouronic
 acid, rhamnose, and so on. Preferably the anionic polysaccharides used to
 make the PPC have molecular weights ranging from about 500 to 15,000,000
 daltons, preferably 5,000 to 1,000,000, more preferably 25,000 to 500,000
 daltons.
 Examples of suitable anionic polysaccharides include galactans,
 galactomannans, glucomannans, polyuronic acids, and the like, which
 exhibit the requisite number of pendant hydrophilic groups, which are
 preferably sulfate. Suitable galactans are agar, agarose, kappa
 carageenan, iota carageenan, lambda carageenan, and the like. Examples of
 suitable galactomannans are locust bean gum and guar; examples of glucans
 are cellulose and derivatives thereof, starch and derivatives, dextrans,
 pullulan, beta 1,3-glucans, chitin, xanthan, tamarind and the like;
 examples of glucomannans are konjac; examples of polyuronic acids are
 algin, alginates, pectins; examples of heteropolysaccharides are gellan,
 welan, gum arabic, karaya gum, okra gum, aloe gum, gum tragacanth, gum
 ghatti quinceseed gum, psyllium, starch arabinogalactan and so on. Also
 suitable are dextran sulfate, heparin, pectin, sodium alginate, and
 mixtures thereof Preferred are galactans, particularly galactans where the
 pendant hydrophilic groups are sulfate groups. Most preferred is agar and
 carageenan, which are anionic polysaccharides comprised of basic repeating
 units of 1,3-linked beta-D-galactopyranose and 1,4-linked
 3,6-anhydro-alpha-L-galactopyranose saccharide moieties and having pendant
 sulfate groups. These galactans may be further modified as taught in Aoki,
 T. T.; Araki & M. Kitamikado; 1990, Vibrio sp. AP-2. Eur. J. Biochem, 187,
 461-465, which is hereby incorporated by reference, provided it contains
 the requisite number of hydrophilic pendant groups. The average molecular
 weight of agar ranges between 35,700 and 144,000 daltons. The galactans
 suitable for use in the compositions of the invention may be from any
 suitable source or locale. For example an article authored by M. Lahaye
 and C. Rochas, Hydrobiologia, 221, 137-148, 1991, which is hereby
 incorporated by reference, discusses the numerous different types of
 galactans from different origins of seaweed species, all of which are
 suitable for use in the compositions of the invention. Also suitable for
 use in the compositions of the invention are chemically modified
 galactans, such as those taught in an article authored by K. B. Guiseley
 in Industrial Polysaccharides:Genetic Engineering, Structure/Property
 Relations and Applications, Edited by M. Yalpani, 1987, Elsevier Science
 Publishers, which is hereby incorporated by reference. The Guiseley
 article teaches methods for the chemical modification of agar to obtain
 optimum gelling properties. In general, any modification of the galactans
 which does not affect the helical conformation (i.e. which is obtained via
 linkage of the O6 and O4 of galactose to the O2 of 3,6-anhydrogalactose)
 will preserve the gelling capability and is suitable for use in the
 compositions of the invention provided the requisite number of hydrophilic
 groups are present. The hydrophilic groups provide a polysaccharide which
 is water soluble.
 Generally, the amino and/or hydroxyl or carboxyl groups found on the
 protein will react with the pendant hydrophilic groups on the anionic
 polysaccharide to form a complex, either alone or in the presence of metal
 ions such as calcium, sodium, magnesium, iron, potassium, and the like,
 depending on the pH at which the complexation reaction is conducted. For
 example, if the complexation reaction is conducted above the isoelectric
 point of the protein used to make the PPC, it is preferable to use a metal
 ion to facilitate the complexation reaction. On the other hand, if the
 reaction is conducted at a pH which is at the isoelectric point of the
 protein used to make the PPC, a metal ion may be desired to facilitate
 complexation, but is not necessary. Typical reactions are as set forth
 below:
 Complexation Reaction Conducted at pH Above the Isoelectric Point of the
 Protein
 ##STR1##
 With a typical reaction being:
 ##STR2##
 Complexation reaction conducted a pH near the isoelectric point of protein
 ##STR3##
 With typical reactions being:
 ##STR4##
 Preferably, the ratio of protein to polysaccharide in the PPC is 1:100 to
 100:1, more preferably 1:50 to 50:1, most preferably 1:25 to 25:1.
 Preferably the PPC must contain a net negative charge. For example, when
 the protein having a net positive charge is reacted with the anionic
 polysaccharide having a net negative charge, the net negative charge of
 the polysaccharide is greater than the net positive charge of the protein,
 thus resulting in a PPC which has a net negative charge. A negative or
 positive charge will ensure that the PPC is water soluble, or at the very
 least optimally dispersible in water.
 The PPC is made by combining appropriate amounts of the protein and
 polysaccharide in water at temperatures ranging from 25 to 90.degree. C.
 Some PPC's may form at room temperature depending on the protein and
 polysaccharide chosen to make the PPC. Suitable ratios are 100 to 1 parts
 of protein to 1 to 100 parts polysaccharide. Preferably, the
 protein/polysaccharide complexation reaction should be conducted at a pH
 which is greater than the isoelectric point of the protein used to make
 the PPC. If more than one protein is used to make the PPC, it is
 recommended that the pH be equal to or greater than one or more of the
 proteins used. Generally, when the complexation reaction is conducted at a
 pH which is below the isoelectric point of the protein, it is not
 necessary to add metal ions. However, at this pH, the PPC may form a water
 insoluble precipitate (also referred to as an M-complex) if the ratio of
 protein to polysaccharide is not optimal. For example, the isoelectric
 point of casein is about 4.6. If the complexation reaction of casein with
 agar is conducted at pH 3.7, an M-complex (i.e. a water insoluble
 precipitate) is formed when the ratios of protein to polysaccharide are
 not optimized. Thus, it is preferred that the complexation reaction occur
 at a pH which is equal to or greater than the isoelectric point of the
 protein used to make the PPC. At this pH it may be desireable to add metal
 ions, such as calcium, potassium, sodium, magnesium, and the like, which
 will facilitate the complexation reaction. When the complexation reaction
 is conducted at a pH which is equal to or greater than the isoelectric
 point of the protein, a T-complex (also known as a water soluble or water
 dispersible complex) results. While optimally, a T-complex is formed at a
 pH which is equal to or greater than the isoelectric point of the protein
 used to form the PPC, after it is formed it is stable and may be
 incorporated into cosmetic compositions which have a pH which is
 substantially below the isoelectric point of the protein.
 V. Other Gellants
 A variety of other gellants may be used as well, such as fatty alcohols
 having the formula R--OH wherein R is a straight or branched chain
 C.sub.6-30 alkyl, preferably a C.sub.12-22 alkyl. Examples of fatty
 alcohols include cetyl alcohol, stearyl alcohol, behenyl alcohol, and the
 like.
 Also suitable are various fatty acids having the general formula R--COOH
 wherein R is a straight or branched chain alkyl which may be
 unsubstituted, or substituted with one or more hydroxyl groups. Examples
 of these acids include stearic acid, 12-hydroxystearic acid, and the like.
 Also useful are esters and amides of fatty acids, such as
 12-hydroxystearic acid. Examples of these gellants include
 12-hydroxystearic acid methyl ester, 12-hydroxystearic acid cyclohexyl
 amide, 12-hydroxystearic acid t-butyl amide, and the like.
 N-acyl amino acid amides, n-acyl amino acid esters prepared from glutamic
 acid, lysine, glutamine, aspartic acid, and combinations thereof, as also
 possible gellants. Examples of these gellants are set forth in U.S. Pat.
 No. 5,429,816, which is hereby incorporated by reference.
 Preferably, the gellant used in the composition of the invention is a
 polysaccharide, in particular, agarose.
 ANTIPERSPIRANT ACTIVE
 The compositions of the invention contain 1-30%, preferably 5-25%, more
 preferably 10-25% by weight of the total single phase aqueous composition
 of antiperspirant active salt.
 The term "antiperspirant active salt" or "antiperspirant salt" means any
 compound or composition having antiperspirant activity, preferably
 astringent metallic salts such as the inorganic and organic salts of
 aluminum, zirconium, and zinc, and mixtures thereof Particularly preferred
 are the aluminum and zirconium salts such as aluminum halides, aluminum
 hydroxide halides, zirconyl oxide halides, zirconyl hydroxy halides, and
 mixtures thereof. Aluminum salts include those of the formula:
EQU Al.sub.2 (OH).sub.a Cl.sub.b.xH.sub.2 O
 wherein a is from about 2 to 5; a+b=6; x is from about 1 to about 6; and
 wherein a, b, and x may have non-integer values. Zirconium salts include
 those of the formula:
EQU ZrO(OH).sub.2-a Cl.sub.a.xH.sub.2 O
 wherein a is from about 1.5 to about 1.87; x is from about 1 to about 7;
 and wherein a and n may have non-integer values.
 Examples of aluminum and zirconium salts include aluminum chloride,
 aluminum chlorohydrate, aluminum chlorohydrex PEG, aluminum chlorohydrex
 PG, aluminum dichlorohydrate, aluminum dichlorohydrex PEG, aluminum
 dichlorohydrex PG, aluminum sesquichlorohydrate, aluminum
 sesquichlorohydrex PEG, aluminum sesquichlorohydrex PG, aluminum zirconium
 octachlorohdrate, aluminum zirconium octachloroydrex GLY, aluminum
 zirconium pentachlorohydrate, aluminum zirconium pentachlorohydrex GLY,
 aluminum zirconium tetrachlorohydrate, aluminum zirconium
 tetrachlorohydrex GLY, aluminum zirconium trichlorohydrate, aluminum
 zirconium trichlorohydrex GLY, and mixtures thereof Particularly preferred
 zirconium salts are those complexes also containing aluminum and glycine,
 in particular, aluminum zirconium tetrachlorohydrex GLY. The
 antiperspirant salts used in the composition of the invention are
 solubilized in the water. While preferably the antiperspirant salts are
 completely dissolved in the water, in some cases small amounts of salts
 may not be dissolved, i.e. may remain in the crystalline or suspensoid
 form.
 WATER
 The single phase aqueous composition of the invention also contains water.
 Preferably the composition contains 1-90%, more preferably 3-80%, most
 preferably 5-60% water.
 The invention also comprises a deodorant composition having the same ranges
 of ingredients as set forth for the antiperspirant composition. The
 deodorant active may be added to the composition in addition to the
 antiperspirant active salt, or deodorant composition may be made by
 removing the antiperspirant actives completely and substituting an
 effective amount of a deodorant active.
 DEODORANT ACTIVE
 A range of 0.1-30% of deodorant active is suggested in deodorant
 compositions. Examples of suitable deodorant actives include fragrances,
 ammonium phenolsulfonate, benzalkonium chloride, benzethonium chloride,
 bromochlorophene, cetylpyridinium chloride, 20 chlorophyllin-copper
 complex, chlorothymol, chloroxylenol, cloflucarban, dequalinium chloride,
 dichlorophene, dichloro-m-xylenol, disodium dihydroxyethyl
 sulfosuccinylundecylenate, domiphen bromide, hexachlorophene, lauryl
 pyridinium chloride, methylbenzethonium chloride, phenol, sodium
 bicarbonate, sodium phenoisulfonate, triclocarbone, triclosan, zinc
 phenolsulfonate, zinc ricinoleate, and mixtures thereof The preferred
 deodorant active is triclosan, fragrance and the like.
 OIL
 The compositions of the invention contain 1-75%, preferably 5-65%, more
 preferably 10-50% of at least one oil. The oils used may be volatile or
 nonvolatile. Often silicone elastomers are purchased in the form of gels
 of the elastomer in a volatile or nonvolatile silicone. The oil present in
 the compositions of the invention may be found as part of the elastomer
 composition alone, the oil phase alone, or both.
 The term "volatile" means that the oil has a measureable vapor pressure, or
 a vapor pressure of at least 2 mm. of mercury at 20.degree. C. The term
 "nonvolatile" means that the oil has a vapor pressure of less than 2 mm.
 of mercury at 20.degree. C. Suitable volatile solvents generally have a
 viscosity of 0.5 to 10 centistokes at 25.degree. C. Suitable volatile oils
 include linear silicones, cyclic silicones, paraffinic hydrocarbons, or
 mixtures thereof
 Cyclic silicones (or cyclomethicones) are of the general formula:
 ##STR5##
 where n=3-7.
 Linear volatile silicones in accordance with the invention have the general
 formula:
EQU (CH.sub.3).sub.3 Si--O--[Si(CH.sub.3).sub.2 --O].sub.n --Si(CH.sub.3).sub.3
 where n=0-7, preferably 0-5.
 Linear and cyclic volatile silicones are available from various commercial
 sources including Dow Coming Corporation and General Electric. The Dow
 Corning volatile silicones are sold under the tradenames Dow Corning 244,
 245, 344, and 200 fluids. These fluids comprise
 octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane, decamethylcyclopentasiloxane,
 hexamethyldisiloxane, and mixtures thereof
 Also suitable as the volatile oils are various straight or branched chain
 paraffinic hydrocarbons having 5 to 40 carbon atoms, more preferably 8-20
 carbon atoms. Suitable hydrocarbons include pentane, hexane, heptane,
 decane, dodecane, tetradecane, tridecane, and C.sub.8-20 isoparaffins as
 disclosed in U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,439,088 and 3,818,105, both of which are
 hereby incorporated by reference. Preferred volatile paraffinic
 hydrocarbons have a molecular weight of 70-225, preferably 160 to 190 and
 a boiling point range of 30 to 320, preferably 60-260 degrees C., and a
 viscosity of less than 10 cs. at 25 degrees C. Such paraffinic
 hydrocarbons are available from EXXON under the ISOS trademark, and
 from the Permethyl Corporation. Suitable C.sub.12 isoparaffins are
 manufactured by Permethyl Corporation under the tradename Permethyl 99A.
 Another C.sub.12 isoparaffin (isododecane) is distributed by Presperse
 under the tradename Permethyl 99A. Various C.sub.16 isoparaffins
 commercially available, such as isohexadecane (having the tradename
 Permethyl R), are also suitable. Transfer resistant cosmetic sticks of the
 invention will generally comprise a mixture of volatile silicones and
 volatile paraffinic hydrocarbons.
 A wide variety of nonvolatile oils are also suitable for use in the
 cosmetic compositions of the invention. The nonvolatile oils generally
 have a viscosity of greater than 10 centipoise at 25.degree. C., and may
 range in viscosity up to 1,000,000 centipoise at 25.degree. C. Examples of
 nonvolatile oils suitable for use in the cosmetic sticks of the invention
 include esters of the formula RCO--OR' wherein R and R' are each
 independently a C.sub.1-25, preferably a C.sub.4-20 straight or branched
 chain alkyl, alkenyl or alkoxycarbonylalkyl or alkylcarbonyloxyalkyl.
 Examples of such esters include isotridecyl isononanoate, PEG-4
 diheptanoate, isostearyl neopentanoate, tridecyl neopentanoate, cetyl
 octanoate, cetyl palmitate, cetyl ricinoleate, cetyl stearate, cetyl
 myristate, coco-dicaprylate/caprate, decyl isostearate, isodecyl oleate,
 isodecyl neopentanoate, isohexyl neopentanoate, octyl palmitate, dioctyl
 malate, tridecyl octanoate, myristyl myristate, octododecanol, and fatty
 alcohols such as oleyl alcohol, isocetyl alcohol, and the like, as well as
 the esters disclosed on pages 24-26 of the C.T.F.A. Cosmetic Ingredient
 Handbook, First Edition, 1988, which is hereby incorporated by reference.
 The oil may also comprise naturally occuring glyceryl esters of fatty
 acids, or triglycerides. Both vegetable and animal sources may be used.
 Examples of such oils include castor oil, lanolin oil, triisocetyl
 citrate, C.sub.10-18 triglycerides, caprylic/capric/triglycerides, coconut
 oil, corn oil, cottonseed oil, linseed oil, mink oil, olive oil, palm oil,
 illipe butter, rapeseed oil, soybean oil, sunflower seed oil, walnut oil,
 and the like.
 Also suitable as the oil are synthetic or semi-synthetic glyceryl esters,
 e.g. fatty acid mono-, di-, and triglycerides which are natural fats or
 oils that have been modified, for example, acetylated castor oil, glyceryl
 stearate, glyceryl dioleate, glyceryl distearate, glyceryl trioctanoate,
 glyceryl distearate, glyceryl linoleate, glyceryl myristate, glyceryl
 isostearate, PEG castor oils, PEG glyceryl oleates, PEG glyceryl
 stearates, PEG glyceryl tallowates, and so on.
 Also suitable as the oil are nonvolatile hydrocarbons such as isoparaffins,
 hydrogenated polyisobutene, mineral oil, squalene, petrolatum, and so on.
 Also suitable as the oil are various lanolin derivatives such as acetylated
 lanolin, acetylated lanolin alcohol, and so on.
 Nonvolatile silicones, both water soluble and water insoluble, are also
 suitable as the oil component. Such silicones preferably have a viscosity
 of 10 to 600,000 centistokes, preferably 20 to 100,000 centistokes at
 25.degree. C. Suitable water insoluble silicones include amodirnethicone,
 bisphenylhexarnethicone, dimethicone, hexadecyl methicone, methicone,
 phenyl trimethicone, simethicone, dimethylhydrogensiloxane,
 stearoxytrimethylsilane, vinyldimethicone, and mixtures thereof
 Also suitable as the nonvolatile oil are various fluorinated oils such as
 fluorinated silicones, fluorinated esters, or perfluropolyethers.
 Particularly suitable are fluorosilicones such as trimethylsilyl endcapped
 fluorosilicone oil, polytrifluoropropylmethylsiloxanes, and similar
 silicones such as those disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 5,118,496 which is
 hereby incorporated by reference. Perfluoropolyethers like those disclosed
 in U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,183,589, 4,803,067, 5,183,588 all of which are hereby
 incorporated by reference, which are commercially available from
 Montefluos under the trademark Fomblin, are also suitable shine enhancers.
 Guerbet esters are also suitable oils. The term "guerbet ester" means an
 ester which is formed by the reaction of a guerbet alcohol having the
 general formula:
 ##STR6##
 with a carboxylic acid having the general formula:
EQU R.sup.3 COOH,
 or
EQU HOOC--R.sup.3 --COOH
 wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are each independently a C.sub.4-20 alkyl and
 R.sup.3 is a substituted or unsubstituted fatty radical such as a
 C.sub.1-50 straight or branched chain saturated or unsaturated alkyl or
 alkylene, or phenyl, wherein the substituents are halogen, hydroxyl,
 carboxyl, and alkylcarbonylhydroxy. Particularly preferred is a carboxylic
 acid wherein the R group is such to provide an ingredient known as
 meadowfoam seed oil.
 Preferably, the guerbet ester is a fluoro-guerbet ester which is formed by
 the reaction of a guerbet alcohol and carboxylic acid (as defined above),
 and a fluoroalcohol having the following general formula:
EQU CF.sub.3 --(CF.sub.2).sub.n --CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.2 --OH
 wherein n is from 3 to 40.
 Examples of suitable fluoro guerbet esters are set forth in U.S. Pat. No.
 5,488,121 which is hereby incorporated by reference. Suitable
 fluoro-guerbet esters are also set forth in U.S. Pat. No. 5,312,968 which
 is hereby incorporated by reference. Most preferred is a guerbet ester
 having the tentative CTFA name fluoro-octyldodecyl meadowfoamate. This
 ester is sold by Siltech, Norcross Georgia as Developmental Ester L61125A,
 under the tradename Silube GME-F.
 Preferably, the compositions of the invention contain a mixture of volatile
 and nonvolatile silicone oils, so that the amount of volatile oil is about
 1-10%, by weight of the total composition, and the amount of nonvolatile
 oil is about 1-10% by weight of the total emulsion composition. In the
 preferred embodiment of the invention, the preferred volatile oil is
 cyclomethicone and the preferred nonvolatile oil is a low viscosity
 dimethicone. i.e dimethicone having a viscosity of about 5-25 centipoise
 at 25.degree. C.
 OTHER INGREDIENTS
 The composition may contain a variety of other ingredients including
 humectants, surfactants, gel structure modifiers, preservatives, and the
 like.
 I. Surfactants
 Preferably the composition contains one or more surfactants, preferably
 nonionic surfactants which may be silicone surfactants or organic
 surfactants. Examples of silicone surfactants which may be used are set
 forth in U.S. Pat. No. 5,725,845, which is hereby incorporated by
 reference. Suitable organosiloxane emulsifiers generally contain at least
 one lipophilic radical or portion and at least one hydrophilic radical or
 portion. The organosiloxane used in the invention is preferably a liquid
 or semi-solid at 25.degree. C. The polymeric organosiloxane is generally a
 water-in-oil or oil-in-water type surfactant which is preferably nonionic,
 having an Hydrophile/Lipophile Balance (HLB) of 2 to 18. Preferably the
 organosiloxane is a nonionic surfactant having an HLB of 2 to 12,
 preferably 2 to 10, most preferably 4 to 6. The HLB of a nonionic
 surfactant is the balance between the hydrophilic and lipophilic portions
 of the surfactant and is calculated according to the following formula:
EQU HLB=7+11.7.times.log M.sub.w M.sub.o
 where M.sub.w is the molecular weight of the hydrophilic group portion and
 M.sub.o is the molecular weight of the lipophilic group portion.
 The term "organosiloxane polymer" means a polymer containing a polymeric
 backbone including repeating siloxy units that may have cylic, linear or
 branched repeating units, e.g. di(lower)alkylsiloxy units, preferably
 dimethylsiloxy units. The hydrophilic portion of the organosiloxane is
 generally achieved by substitution onto the polymeric backbone of a
 radical that confers hydrophilic properties to a portion of the molecule.
 The hydrophilic radical may be substituted on a terminus of the polymeric
 organosiloxane, or on any one or more repeating units of the polymer. In
 general, the repeating dimethylsiloxy units of modified
 polydimethylsiloxane emulsifiers are lipophilic in nature due to the
 methyl groups, and confer lipophilicity to the molecule. In addition,
 longer chain alkyl radicals, hydroxy-polypropyleneoxy radicals, or other
 types of lipophilic radicals may be substituted onto the siloxy backbone
 to confer further lipophilicity and organocompatibility. If the lipophilic
 portion of the molecule is due in whole or part to a specific radical,
 this lipophilic radical may be substituted on a terminus of the
 organosilicone polymer, or on any one or more repeating units of the
 polymer. It should also be understood that the organosiloxane polymer in
 accordance with the invention should have at least one hydrophilic portion
 and one lipophilic portion.
 The term "hydrophilic radical" means a radical that, when substituted onto
 the organosiloxane polymer backbone, confers hydrophilic properties to the
 substituted portion of the polymer. Examples of radicals that will confer
 hydrophilicity are hydroxy-polyethyleneoxy, hydroxyl, carboxylates,
 sulfonates, sulfates, phosphates, or amines.
 The term "lipophilic radical" means an organic radical that, when
 substituted onto the organosiloxane polymer backbone, confers lipophilic
 properties to the substituted portion of the polymer. Examples of organic
 radicals which will conver lipophilicity are C.sub.1-40 straight or
 branched chain alkyl, fluoro, aryl, aryloxy, C.sub.1-40 hydrocarbyl acyl,
 hydroxy-polypropyleneoxy, or mixtures thereof The C.sub.1-40 alkyl may be
 non-interrupted, or interruped by one or more oxygen atoms, a benzene
 ring, amides, esters, or other functional groups.
 The polymeric organosiloxane emulsifier used in the invention may have any
 of the following general formulas:
EQU M.sub.x Q.sub.y,
 or
EQU M.sub.x T.sub.y,
 or
EQU MD.sub.x D'.sub.y D".sub.z M
 wherein each M is independently a substituted or unsubstituted
 trimethylsiloxy endcap unit. If substituted, one or more of the hydrogens
 on the endcap methyl groups are substituted, or one or more methyl groups
 are substituted with a substituent that is a lipophilic radical, a
 hydrophilic radical, or mixtures thereof. T is a trifunctional siloxy unit
 having the empirical formula RR'SiO.sub.1.5 or RRSiO.sub.1.5. Q is a
 quadrifunctional siloxy unit having the empirical formula SiO.sub.2, and
 D, D', D", x, y, and z are as set forth below, with the proviso that the
 compound contains at least one hydrophilic radical and at least one
 lipophilic radical. Examples of emulsifiers used in the compositions of
 the invention are of the general formula:
EQU MD.sub.x D'.sub.y D".sub.z M
 wherein the trimethylsiloxy endcap unit is unsubstituted or
 mono-substituted, wherein one methyl group is substituted with a
 lipophilic radical or a hydrophilic radical. Examples of such substituted
 trimethylsiloxy endcap units include (CH.sub.3).sub.2 HPSiO,
 (CH.sub.3).sub.2 LPSiO, (CH.sub.3).sub.2 CH.sub.2 HPSiO, (CH.sub.3).sub.2
 CH.sub.2 LPSiO, wherein HP is a hydrophilic radical and LP is a lipophilic
 radical. D, D', and D" are difunctional siloxy units substituted with
 methyl, hydrogen, a lipophilic radical, a hydrophilic radical or mixtures
 thereof In this general formula:
 x=0-5000, preferably 1-1000
 y=0-5000, preferably 1-1000, and
 z=0-5000, preferably 0-1000,
 with the proviso that the compound contains at least one lipophilic radical
 and at least one hydrophilic radical. Examples of these polymers are
 disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 4,698,178, which is hereby incorporated by
 reference.
 Particularly preferred is a linear silicone of the formula:
EQU MD.sub.x D'.sub.y D".sub.z M
 wherein M=RRRSiO/.sub.1/2
 D and D'=RR'SiO.sub.2/2
 D"=RRSiO.sub.2/2
 x, y, and z are each independently 0-1000,
 where R is methyl or hydrogen, and R' is a hydrophilic radical or a
 lipophilic radical, with the proviso that the compound contains at least
 one hydrophilic radical and at least one lipophilic radical.
 Most preferred is wherein
 M=trimethylsiloxy
 D=Si[(CH.sub.3)][(CH.sub.2).sub.n CH.sub.3 ]O.sub.2/2 where n=1-40,
 D'=Si [(CH.sub.3)][(CH.sub.2).sub.o --O--PE)]O.sub.2/2 where PE is
 (--C.sub.2 H.sub.4 O).sub.a (--C.sub.3 H.sub.6 O).sub.b H, o=0-40,
 a=1-100 and b=1-100, and
 D"=Si (CH.sub.3).sub.2 O.sub.2/2
 Typical examples of preferred organosiloxane emulsifiers in accordance with
 the invention include those set forth below:
 ##STR7##
 wherein LP is a lipophilic radical
 25 HP is a hydrophilic radical
 x is 0-5000
 y is 0-5000, and
 z is 0-5000, with the proviso that the organosiloxane contains at least on
 hydrophilic radical and at least one lipophilic radical.
 More preferred are compounds of the generic formula I wherein LP is a
 lipophilic radical which is a C.sub.1-40 straight or branched chain alkyl,
 HP is a hydrophilic radical containing hydroxy-polyethyleneoxy, and z is
 at least 1. Most preferred is a compound of the formula:
 ##STR8##
 wherein p is 1-40, and
 PE is (--C.sub.2 H.sub.4 O).sub.a (--C.sub.3 H.sub.6).sub.b --H
 where x, y, z, a, and b are such that the molecular weight of the polymer
 ranges from about 500 to 100,000. Organosiloxane polymers useful in the
 compositions of the invention are commercially available from Goldschmidt
 Corporation under the ABIL tradename. The preferred polymer is cetyl
 dimethicone copolyol and has the tradename ABIL WE 09 or ABIL WS 08.
 Another type of preferred organosiloxane emulsifier suitable for use in the
 compositions of the invention are emulsifiers sold by Union Carbide under
 the Silwet.TM. trademark. These emulsifiers are represented by the
 following generic formulas:
 (Me.sub.3 Si).sub.y-2 [(OSiMe.sub.2).sub.x/y O--PE].sub.y
 wherein PE=--(EO).sub.m (PO).sub.n R
 R=lower alkyl or hydrogen
 Me=methyl
 EO is polyethyleneoxy
 PO is polypropyleneoxy
 m and n are each independently 1-5000
 x and y are each independently 0-5000, and
 ##STR9##
 wherein PE=--CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 O(EO).sub.m (PO).sub.n Z
 Z=lower alkyl or hydrogen, and
 Me, m, n, x, y, EO and PO are as described above,
 with the proviso that the molecule contains a lipophilic portion and a
 hydrophilic portion. Again, the lipophilic portion can be supplied by a
 sufficient number of methyl groups on the polymer backbone.
 Particularly preferred is a Silwet.TM. polymer of the following general
 formula:
 ##STR10##
 Wherein n is 1-10, preferably 8.
 Another preferred organosiloxane emulsifier for use in the compositions of
 the invention is dimethicone copolyol.
 Examples of other polymeric organosiloxane surfactants or emulsifiers
 include amino/polyoxyalkyleneated polydiorganosiloxanes disclosed in U.S.
 Pat. No. 5,147,578. Also suitable are organosiloxanes sold by Goldschmidt
 under the ABIL trademark including ABIL B-9806, as well as those sold by
 Rhone-Poulenc under the Alkasil tradename. Also, organosiloxane
 emulsifiers sold by Amerchol under the Amersil tradename, including
 Arnersil ME-358, Amersil DMC-287 and Amersil DMC-357 are suitable. Dow
 Corning surfactants such as Dow Corning 3225C Formulation Aid, Dow Corning
 190 Surfactant, Dow Corning 193 Surfactant, Dow Corning Q2-5200, and the
 like are also suitable. In addition, surfactants sold under the tradename
 Silwet by Union Carbide, and surfactants sold by Troy Corporation under
 the Troysol tradename, hose sold by Taiwan Surfactant Co. under the
 tradename Ablusoft, those sold by Hoechst under the tradename Arkophob,
 are also suitable for use in the invention.
 II. Gel Structure Modifiers
 Preferably, the composition contains 1-50%, preferably 2-40%, more
 preferably 5-35% of at least on gel structure modifier. The term "gel
 structure modifier" means an ingredient which is capable of plasticizing
 the composition such that it exhibits improved pay off when applied to the
 skin. For example, antiperspirant stick or gel compositions, when applied
 to the skin, must deposit a certain amount of product onto the skin. The
 amount of material deposited onto the skin as the gel is rubbed across the
 skin surface is called "pay off". If a gel does not have adequate pay off,
 when the gel is rubbed across the underarm skin, a sufficient amount of
 the gel composition will not rub off onto the skin. On the other hand, if
 the gel has too much pay off, when it is rubbed across the underarm skin
 too much of the gel deposits on the skin. Thus, it is important to
 regulate the gel structure and consistency so that pay off is optimal.
 Generally, suitable gel structure modifiers include polyols, aliphatic
 short chain mono-, di, and polyhydric alcohols, ethoxylated and/or
 propoxylated fatty alcohols or glycols, monomer and polymeric ethers and
 block copolymers, and the like.
 1. Polyols
 Suitable polyols are defined as compounds which contain three or more
 hydroxyl groups per molecule. Examples of suitable polyols include
 fructose, glucamine, glucose, glucose glutamate, glucuronic acid,
 glycerin, 1,2,6-hexanetriol, hydroxystearyl methylglucamine, inositol,
 lactose, malitol, mannitol, methyl gluceth-10, methyl gluceth-20, methyl
 glucose dioleate, methyl glucose sesquicaprylate/sesquicaprate, methyl
 glucose sesquicocoate, methyl glucose sesquiisostearate, methyl glucose
 sesquilaurate, methyl glucose sesquistearate, phytantriol, riboflavin,
 sorbeth-6, sorbeth-20, sorbeth-30, sorbeth-40, sorbitol, sucrose,
 thioglycerin, xylitol, and mixtures thereof.
 2. Ethers
 Also suitable as gel structure modifiers are homopolymeric or block
 copolymeric liquid others. Polymeric ethers are preferably formed by
 polymerization of monomeric alkylene oxides, generally ethylene or
 propylene oxides. Preferred monomeric ethers are those exhibiting the
 structure below were n=1. Preferred polymeric ethers are comprised of
 moieties having the general structure below wherein n=2 to 100:
 ##STR11##
 where R and R' are each independently H, or C.sub.1-30 straight or branched
 chain alkyl, and n is 1 to 20. Examples of such polymeric ethers include
 PEG, PPG, PEG/PPG copolymers, and derivatives thereof as well as
 alkoxylated alcohols such as steareth 2-100, ceteth 2-100, and the like.
 Other examples of suitable polymeric ethers include polyoxypropylene
 polyoxyethylene block copolymers having the general formula:
 ##STR12##
 wherein x is 1-200, y is 1-200 and z is 1-200. Such compounds are sold
 under the CTFA name Meroxapol 105, 108, 171, 172, 174, 178, 251, 252, 254,
 255, 258, 311, 312, and 314.
 3. Alcohols
 Mono- and dihydric alcohols are also suitable for use as gel structure
 modifiers. Generally, these mono- and dihydric alcohols have the general
 formula R(OH)n where n is 1 or 2 and R is a substituted or unsubstituted
 saturated C.sub.2-10, preferably C.sub.1-8 alkyl, or a substituted or
 unsubstituted alicyclic, bicyclic, or aromatic ring, with the substituents
 selected from halogen, alkoxy, hydroxy, and so on. Examples of suitable
 alcohols include monohydric alcohols such as ethanol, isopropanol,
 hexyldecanol, benzyl alcohol, propyl alcohol, and isopropyl alcohol, as
 well as dihydric alcohols such as hexylene glycol, diethylene glycol,
 ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, 1,2-butylene glycol, triethylene
 glycol, dipropylene glycol, methyl propanediol, and mixtures thereof
 4. Sorbitan Derivatives
 Sorbitan derivatives, which are defined as ethers or esters of sorbitan,
 are also suitable gel structure modifiers. Examples of suitable sorbitan
 derivatives are the Polysorbates, which are defined as stearate esters of
 sorbitol and sorbitan anhydrides, such as Polysorbate 20, 21, 40, 60, 61,
 65, 80, 81, and 85. Also suitable are fatty esters of hexitol anhydrides
 derived from sorbitol, such as sorbitan trioleate, sorbitan tristearate,
 sorbitan sesquistearate, sorbitan stearate, sorbitan palmitate, sorbitan
 oleate, and mixtures thereof.
 The invention will be further described in connection with the following
 examples which are set forth for the purposes of illustration only.
 EXAMPLE 1
 Antiperspirant stick compositions were prepared according to the following
 formulas:

w/w %
 Dimethicone copolyol 2.00
 Cyclomethicone and dimethicone/ 2.00
 vinyl dimethicone crosspolymer
 Dipropylene glycol 9.00
 12-hydroxystearic acid 5.00
 Al/Zr tetrachlorohydrex gly (43% aqueous sol.) 58.00
 Acetamide MEA (70% sol.) 1.00
 Agarose 1.00
 Water QS
 The compositions were made by mixing the agarose, dipropylene glycol, and
 water and heating the mixture to 100 to 105.degree. C. with stirring until
 the composition was clear with no particulates remaining. The mixture was
 then cooled to 85 to 90.degree. C. and the 12-hydroxystearic acid added.
 When all the material was completely melted and the mixture was uniform,
 then the temperature was reduced to 70 to 75.degree. C. Separately, the
 cyclomethicone, dimethicone copolyol, and dimethicone/vinyl dimethicone
 crosspolymer were combined and mixed well and added to the cooled mixture.
 The acetamide MEA was then added to the mixture, which was then maintained
 at a temperature of 60 to 75.degree. C. The aqueous antiperspirant salt
 solution was heated to a temperature of 50 to 65.degree. C. and combined
 with the emulsion mixture with stirring. The resulting compositions were
 maintained at a temperature of 55 to 70.degree. C. and poured into stick
 molds to provide opaque gel oil-in-water emulsions which hardened into
 solid sticks.
 EXAMPLE 2
 Antiperspirant stick compositions were prepared according to the following
 formulas:

w/w %
 (1) (2)
 Dimethicone copolyol 2.00 4.00
 Cyclomethicone and dimethicone/ 2.00 2.00
 vinyl dimethicone crosspolymer
 Cyclomethicone -- 30.00
 Dipropylene glycol 9.00 --
 12-hydroxystearic acid 5.00 --
 Al/Zr tetrachlorohydrex gly (43% aqueous sol.) 58.00 58.00
 Acetamide MEA (70% sol.) 1.00 1.00
 Agarose 1.00 1.00
 Water QS QS
 The compositions were made by mixing the agarose, dipropylene glycol, and
 water and heating the mixture to 100 to 105.degree. C. with stirring until
 the composition was clear with no particulates remaining. The mixture was
 then cooled to 85 to 90.degree. C. and the 12-hydroxystearic acid added.
 When all the material was completely melted and the mixture was uniform,
 then the temperature was reduced to 70 to 75.degree. C. Separately, the
 cyclomethicone, dimethicone copolyol, and dimethicone/vinyl dimethicone
 crosspolymer were combined and mixed well and added to the cooled mixture.
 The acetamide MEA was then added to the mixture, which was then maintained
 at a temperature of 60 to 75.degree. C. The aqueous antiperspirant salt
 solution was heated to a temperature of 50 to 65.degree. C. and combined
 with the emulsion mixture with stirring. The resulting compositions were
 maintained at a temperature of 55 to 70.degree. C. and poured into stick
 molds to provide opaque gel oil-in-water emulsions. Composition (1)
 provided an oil in water emulsion solid stick. Composition (2) provided a
 water in oil emulsion gel.
 EXAMPLE 3
 An emulsion antiperspirant stick composition was prepared according to the
 following formula:

w/w %
 Dimethicone copolyol 2.0
 Emulsifying silicone elastomer* 2.0
 Dipropylene glycol 9.0
 12-hydroxystearic acid 5.0
 Al/Zr tetrachlorohydrex gly (43% aqueous solution) 58.0
 Acetamide MEA (70% aqueous solution) 1.0
 Agarose 1.0
 Water QS
 *KSG 21, a methylhydrogendimethylsiloxane cross linked with
 polyoxyalkylene.
 The composition was made by mixing the agarose, dipropylene glycol, and
 water and heating the mixture to 100 to 105.degree. C. with stirring until
 the composition was clear with no particulates remaining. The mixture was
 then cooled to 85 to 90.degree. C. and the 12-hydroxystearic acid added.
 When all the material was completely melted and the mixture uniform, the
 temperature was reduced to 70 to 75 C. Separately, the dimethicone
 copolyol and the emulsifying siloxane elastomer were combined and mixed
 well and added to the cooled mixture. The acetamide MEA was then added to
 the mixture, which was then maintained at a temperature of 60 to
 75.degree. C. The aqueous antiperspirant salt solution was heated to a
 temperature of 50 to 65.degree. C. and combined with the emulsion mixture
 with stirring. The resulting compositions were maintained at a temperature
 of 55 to 70.degree. C. and poured into stick molds to provide opaque
 oil-in-water emulsions which hardened into solid sticks.
 While the invention has been described in connection with the preferred
 embodiment, it is not intended to limit the scope of the invention to the
 particular form set forth but, on the contrary, it is intended to cover
 such alternatives, modifications, and equivalents as may be included
 within the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended
 claims.