Protein: LOX5_MOUSE
Sequence: MPSYTVTVATGSQWFAGTDDYIYLSLIGSAGCSEKHLLDKAFYNDFERGAVDSYDVTVDEELGEIYLVKIEKRKYWLHDDWYLKYITLKTPHGDYIEFPCYRWITGEGEIVLRDGRAKLARDDQIHILKQHRRKELEARQKQYRWMEWNPGFPLSIDAKCHKDLPRDIQFDSEKGVDFVLNYSKAMENLFINRFMHMFQSSWHDFADFEKIFVKISNTISERVKNHWQEDLMFGYQFLNGCNPVLIKRCTALPPKLPVTTEMVECSLERQLSLEQEVQEGNIFIVDYELLDGIDANKTDPCTHQFLAAPICLLYKNLANKIVPIAIQLNQTPGESNPIFLPTDSKYDWLLAKIWVRSSDFHVHQTITHLLRTHLVSEVFGIAMYRQLPAVHPLFKLLVAHVRFTIAINTKAREQLICEYGLFDKANATGGGGHVQMVQRAVQDLTYSSLCFPEAIKARGMDSTEDIPFYFYRDDGLLVWEAIQSFTMEVVSIYYENDQVVEEDQELQDFVKDVYVYGMRGKKASGFPKSIKSREKLSEYLTVVIFTASAQHAAVNFGQYDWCSWIPNAPPTMRAPPPTAKGVVTIEQIVDTLPDRGRSCWHLGAVWALSQFQENELFLGMYPEEHFIEKPVKEAMIRFRKNLEAIVSVIAERNKNKKLPYYYLSPDRIPNSVAI
What is the function of this protein?
Catalyzes the oxygenation of arachidonate to 5-hydroperoxyeicosatetraenoate (5-HPETE) followed by the dehydration to 5,6- epoxyeicosatetraenoate (Leukotriene A4/LTA4), the first two steps in the biosynthesis of leukotrienes, which are potent mediators of inflammation (PubMed:7629107, PubMed:7809134, PubMed:7969451, PubMed:23246375, PubMed:31642348).  Also catalyzes the oxygenation of arachidonic acid into 8-hydroperoxyicosatetraenoic acid (8-HPETE) and 12-hydroperoxyicosatetraenoic acid (12-HPETE) (PubMed:23246375).  Displays lipoxin synthase activity being able to convert (15S)-HETE into a conjugate tetraene (By similarity).  Although arachidonate is the preferred substrate, this enzyme can also metabolize oxidized fatty acids derived from arachidonate such as (15S)-HETE, eicosapentaenoate (EPA) such as (18R)- and (18S)-HEPE or docosahexaenoate (DHA) which lead to the formation of specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPM) lipoxin and resolvins E and D respectively, therefore it participates in anti-inflammatory responses (PubMed:31642348).  Oxidation of DHA directly inhibits endothelial cell proliferation and sprouting angiogenesis via peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARgamma)(PubMed:21307302).  It does not catalyze the oxygenation of linoleic acid and does not convert (5S)-HETE to lipoxin isomers (PubMed:31642348).  In addition to inflammatory processes, participates in dendritic cell migration, wound healing through an antioxidant mechanism based on heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) regulation expression, monocyte adhesion to the endothelium via ITGAM expression on monocytes (PubMed:24226420, PubMed:23720274, PubMed:17392829, PubMed:28965882).  Moreover, it helps establish an adaptive humoral immunity by regulating primary resting B cells and follicular helper T cells and participates in the CD40-induced production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) after CD40 ligation in B cells through interaction with PIK3R1 that bridges ALOX5 with CD40 (PubMed:21224059).  May also play a role in glucose homeostasis, regulation of insulin secretion and palmitic acid-induced insulin resistance via AMPK (PubMed:28694473, PubMed:18421434).  Can regulate bone mineralization and fat cell differentiation increases in induced pluripotent stem cells (PubMed:24906289).
What are the official names of this protein?
Polyunsaturated fatty acid 5-lipoxygenase, Arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase, 5-LO, 5-lipoxygenase.
What is the protein family that this protein belongs to?
Belongs to the lipoxygenase family.
What are the subcellular locations of this protein?
Cytoplasm. Nucleus matrix. Nucleus membrane; Peripheral membrane protein. Cytoplasm, perinuclear region. Cytoplasm, cytosol. Nucleus envelope. Nucleus intermembrane space. Note=Shuttles between cytoplasm and nucleus. Found exclusively in the nucleus, when phosphorylated on Ser- 272. Calcium binding promotes translocation from the cytosol and the nuclear matrix to the nuclear envelope and membrane association.