Protein: BRCA1_CAEEL
Sequence: MADVALRITETVARLQKELKCGICCSTYKDPILSTCFHIFCRSCINACFERKRKVQCPICRSVLDKRSCRDTYQITMAVQNYLKLSEAFKKDIENMNTFKSLPPEKMFMESQMPLDITIIPENDGKRCAPDFAIPFLPVRRKRPSRPQPPSAFAEEPAEPVEPPEPATKQPVELQSRVFPLEKLKKDVETSTETYKISREELKNVDIEEYINTLRENSTEIDEIDALFQLMPTMRQFLRNNINQLMEKFHVAPPKKSEKPANRRVSFASSQDLENIKIMTASESLETPPEPIQKLAQKPEVFKSTQNLIDLNLNTAVKKPVVVASDDDEVVEDSEGELQIDEDDLANVTCATSSTTLDADRTPKAIQDDEDRIDDELSQVPKTIVCSRIHNDADEVVGLELLSDFYHKFLSNACRFAEDVNEHTTHLVMMNSEGRSISQKSTAYLYAIARKCVIVGRQWLVDCITTGLLLSEADYTITSCSSTIPVKIPPSIGSEMGWLRSRNDEHGKLFAGRRFMILRKFTMNPYFDYKQLIELVQQCGGEILSCYENLSPEKLYIIFSKHSKAIEESKNIENLYKCDVVTMEWVLDSISEYLILPTQPYKAVDSIGCLQD
What is the function of this protein?
E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase that specifically mediates the formation of polyubiquitin chains and plays a central role in DNA repair (PubMed:16628214).  Plays a role in triggering cellular responses at damage sites in response to DNA damage that may be induced by UV and ionizing radiation for example (PubMed:14711411, PubMed:16628214, PubMed:24424777, PubMed:26903030, PubMed:30383754).  Functions in double-strand break repair, and is required for homologous recombination between sister chromatids in meiotic and mitotic cells (PubMed:18219312, PubMed:19646877, PubMed:24424777, PubMed:26903030).  In particular, protects against chromosome non-disjunction and nuclear fragmentation during meiotic double-strand break repair to ensure sister chromatid recombination and aid chromosome stability (PubMed:14711411, PubMed:18219312, PubMed:24424777).  Required for normal cell cycle progression (PubMed:20207739).  Along with brap-2 modulates the expression of cell cycle arrest protein cki-1 in response to increased levels of reactive oxygen species (PubMed:20207739).  Constituent of the CeBCD complex that possesses E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase activity (PubMed:14711411).  When bound to chromatin, the brc-1-brd-1 heterodimer within the CeBCD complex is inactive during normal conditions, but in response to DNA damage, the brc-1-brd-1 heterodimer associates with other proteins such as the recombinase rad-51 or the E2-ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme let-70, which activate the CeBCD complex as an E3-ubiquitin ligase (PubMed:16628214).  Moreover, association between the brc-1-brd-1 heterodimer and rad-51 and let-70, probably requires DNA checkpoint proteins such as atl-1 and mre-11 in order to induce ubiquitination at DNA damage sites (PubMed:16628214).  To this end, the brc-1-brd-1 heterodimer coordinates a diverse range of cellular pathways such as DNA damage repair, ubiquitination and transcriptional regulation to maintain genomic stability (PubMed:14711411).
What are the official names of this protein?
Breast cancer type 1 susceptibility protein homolog, RING-type E3 ubiquitin transferase BRCA1.
What are the subcellular locations of this protein?
Nucleus. Chromosome. Cytoplasm. Note=Mainly localizes to the nucleus and a small proportion is chromatin bound (PubMed:30383754). Co-localizes with brd-1 in germline nuclei at meiotic prophase I (PubMed:30383754). At the transition between mid- and late- pachytene, localization together with brd-1 is less diffuse and becomes a linear pattern along the chromosomes (PubMed:30383754). In late pachytene nuclei, co-localizes with brd-1 and syp-1 at crossover sites and the short arm of the bivalent (PubMed:30383754). Co-localizes with the pro-crossover factors cosa-1, zhp-3 and msh-5 at crossover sites in mid-late pachytene nuclei (PubMed:30383754). Co-localizes with plk-2 in pachytene nuclei (PubMed:30383754). Localizes to DNA damage sites on chromatin following DNA damage.