Protein: ATG1_YEAST
Sequence: MGDIKNKDHTTSVNHNLMASAGNYTAEKEIGKGSFATVYRGHLTSDKSQHVAIKEVSRAKLKNKKLLENLEIEIAILKKIKHPHIVGLIDCERTSTDFYLIMEYCALGDLTFLLKRRKELMENHPLLRTVFEKYPPPSENHNGLHRAFVLSYLQQLASALKFLRSKNLVHRDIKPQNLLLSTPLIGYHDSKSFHELGFVGIYNLPILKIADFGFARFLPNTSLAETLCGSPLYMAPEILNYQKYNAKADLWSVGTVVFEMCCGTPPFRASNHLELFKKIKRANDVITFPSYCNIEPELKELICSLLTFDPAQRIGFEEFFANKVVNEDLSSYELEDDLPELESKSKGIVESNMFVSEYLSKQPKSPNSNLAGHQSMADNPAELSDALKNSNILTAPAVKTDHTQAVDKKASNNKYHNSLVSDRSFEREYVVVEKKSVEVNSLADEVAQAGFNPNPIKHPTSTQNQNVLLNEQFSPNNQQYFQNQGENPRLLRATSSSSGGSDGSRRPSLVDRRLSISSLNPSNALSRALGIASTRLFGGANQQQQQQQITSSPPYSQTLLNSQLFHELTENIILRIDHLQHPETLKLDNTNIVSILESLAAKAFVVYSYAEVKFSQIVPLSTTLKGMANFENRRSMDSNAIAEEQDSDDAEEEDETLKKYKEDCLSTKTFGKGRTLSATSQLSATFNKLPRSEMILLCNEAIVLYMKALSILSKSMQVTSNWWYESQEKSCSLRVNVLVQWLREKFNECLEKADFLRLKINDLRFKHASEVAENQTLEEKGSSEEPVYLEKLLYDRALEISKMAAHMELKGENLYNCELAYATSLWMLETSLDDDDFTNAYGDYPFKTNIHLKSNDVEDKEKYHSVLDENDRIIIRKYIDSIANRLKILRQKMNHQN
What is the function of this protein?
Serine/threonine protein kinase involved in the cytoplasm to vacuole transport (Cvt) and found to be essential in autophagy, where it is required for the formation of autophagosomes.  Involved in the clearance of protein aggregates which cannot be efficiently cleared by the proteasome.  Required for selective autophagic degradation of the nucleus (nucleophagy) as well as for mitophagy which contributes to regulate mitochondrial quantity and quality by eliminating the mitochondria to a basal level to fulfill cellular energy requirements and preventing excess ROS production (PubMed:18818209, PubMed:21576396, PubMed:22768199, PubMed:23230142).  Also involved in endoplasmic reticulum-specific autophagic process, in selective removal of ER-associated degradation (ERAD) substrates (PubMed:21228276).  Plays a key role in ATG9 and ATG23 cycling through the pre-autophagosomal structure and is necessary to promote ATG18 binding to ATG9 through phosphorylation of ATG9 (PubMed:14723849, PubMed:20855505, PubMed:24905091, PubMed:24440502).  Catalyzes phosphorylation of ATG4, decreasing the interaction between ATG4 and ATG8 and impairing deconjugation of PE-conjugated forms of ATG8 (PubMed:28821724).  Finally, ATG1 is also required for the maintenance of cell viability under starvation and for glycogen storage during stationary phase.  Plays a role in genome stability through suppression of abnormal mitosis under starvation, and in regulation of filamentous growth.
What are the official names of this protein?
Serine/threonine-protein kinase ATG1, Autophagy protein 3, Autophagy-related protein 1, Cytoplasm to vacuole targeting protein 10.
What is the protein family that this protein belongs to?
Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. Ser/Thr protein kinase family. APG1/unc-51/ULK1 subfamily.
What are the subcellular locations of this protein?
Cytoplasm. Preautophagosomal structure membrane; Peripheral membrane protein. Note=Formes punctate structures in starvation conditions only when ATG13 and ATG17 were both present. Localizes to both the isolation membrane (IM) and the vacuole-isolation membrane contact site (VICS) during IM expansion. The IM is a membrane sac generated from the pre-autophagosomal structure that ultimately expands to become a mature autophagosome.