Protein: ACVA_PENCH
Sequence: MGPSNPAMAYFKPSTRDTMDPCSGNAADGSIRVRFRGGIERWKECVNQVPERCDLSGLTTDSTRYQLASTGFGDASAAYQERLMTVPVDVHAALQELCLERRVSVGSVINFSVHQMLKGFGNGTHTITASLHREQNLQNSSPSWVVSPTIVTHENRDGWSVAQAVESIEAGRGSEKESVTAIDSGSSLVKMGLFDLLVSFVDADDARIPCFDFPLAVIVRECDANLSLTLRFSDCLFNEETICNFTDALNILLAEAVIGRVTPVADIELLSAEQKQQLEEWNNTDGEYPSSKRLHHLIEEVVERHEDKIAVVCDERELTYGELNAQGNSLARYLRSIGILPEQLVALFLDKSEKLIVTILGVWKSGAAYVPIDPTYPDERVRFVLDDTKARAIIASNQHVERLQREVIGDRNLCIIRLEPLLASLAQDSSKFPAHNLDDLPLTSQQLAYVTYTSGTTGFPKGIFKQHTNVVNSITDLSARYGVAGQHHEAILLFSACVFEPFVRQTLMALVNGHLLAVINDVEKYDADTLLPFIRRHSITYLNGTASVLQEYDFSDCPSLNRIILVGENLTEARYLALRQRFKNRILNEYGFTESAFVTALKIFDPESTRKDTSLGRPVRNVKCYILNPSLKRVPIGATGELHIGGLGISKGYLNRPELTPHRFIPNPFQTDCEKQLGINSLMYKTGDLARWLPNGEVEYLGRADFQIKLRGIRIEPGEIETMLAMYPRVRTSLVVSKKLRNGPEETTNEHLVGYYVCDSASVSEADLLSFLEKKLPRYMIPTRLVQLSQIPVNVNGKADLRALPAVDISNSTEVRSDLRGDTEIALGEIWADVLGARQRSVSRNDNFFRLGGHSITCIQLIARIRQRLSVSISVEDVFATRTLERMADLLQNKQQEKCDKPHEAPTELLEENAATDNIYLANSLQQGFVYHYLKSMEQSDAYVMQSVLRYNTTLSPDLFQRAWKHAQQSFPALRLRFSWEKEVFQLLDQDPPLDWRFLYFTDVAAGAVEDRKLEDLRRQDLTERFKLDVGRLFRVYLIKHSENRFTCLFSCHHAILDGWSLPLLFEKVHETYLQLLHGDNLTSSMDDPYTRTQRYLHAHREDHLDFWAGVVQKINERCDMNALLNERSRYKVQLADYDQVQEQRQLTIALSGDAWLADLRQTCSAQGITLHSILQFVWHAVLHAYGGGTHTITGTTISGRNLPILGIERAVGPYINTLPLVLDHSTFKDKTIMEAIEDVQAKVNVMNSRGNVELGRLHKTDLKHGLFDSLFVLENYPNLDKSRTLEHQTELGYSIEGGTEKLNYPLAVIAREVETTGGFTVSICYASELFEEVMISELLHMVQDTLMQVARGLNEPVGSLEYLSSIQLEQLAAWNATEAEFPDTTLHEMFENEASQKPDKIAVVYEETSLTYRELNERANRMAHQLRSDVSPNPNEVIALVMDKSEHMIVNILAVWKSGGAYVPIDPGYPNDRIQYILEDTQALAVIADSCYLPRIKGMAASGTLLYPSVLPANPDSKWSVSNPSPLSRSTDLAYIIYTSGTTGRPKGVTVEHHGVVNLQVSLSKVFGLRDTDDEVILSFSNYVFDHFVEQMTDAILNGQTLLVLNDGMRGDKERLYRYIEKNRVTYLSGTPSVVSMYEFSRFKDHLRRVDCVGEAFSEPVFDKIRETFHGLVINGYGPTEVSITTHKRLYPFPERRMDKSIGQQVHNSTSYVLNEDMKRTPIGSVGELYLGGEGVVRGYHNRADVTAERFIPNPFQSEEDKREGRNSRLYKTGDLVRWIPGSSGEVEYLGRNDFQVKIRGLRIELGEIEAILSSYHGIKQSVVIAKDCREGAQKFLVGYYVADAALPSAAIRRFMQSRLPGYMVPSRLILVSKFPVTPSGKLDTKALPPAEEESEIDVVPPRSEIERSLCDIWAELLEMHPEEIGIYSDFFSLGGDSLKSTKLSFMIHESFNRAVSVSALFCHRTVEAQTHLILNDAADVHEITPIDCNDTQMIPVSRAQERLLFIHEFENGSNAYNIDAAFELPGSVDASLLEQALRGNLARHEALRTLLVKDHATGIYLQKVLSPDEAQGMFSVNVDTAKQVERLDQEIASLSQHVFRLDDELPWEARILKLESGGLYLILAFHHTCFDAWSLKVFEQELRALYAALQKTKSAANLPALKAQYKEYALYHRRQLSGDRMRNLSDFWLRKLIGLEPLQLITDRPRPVQFKYDGDDLSIELSKKETENLRGVAKRCKSSLYVVLVSVYCVMLASYANQSDVSVGIPVSHRTHPQFQSVIGFFVNLVVLRVDISQSAICGLIRRVMKELVDAQLHQDMPFQEVTKLLQVDNDPSRHPLVQNVFNFESRANGEHDARSEDEGSLAFNQYRPVQPVDSVAKFDLNATVTELESGLRVNFNYATSLFNKSTIQGFLHTYEYLLRQLSELSAEGINEDTQLSLVRPTENGDLHLPLAQSPLATTAEEQKVASLNQAFEREAFLAAEKIAVVQGDRALSYADLNGQANQLARYIQSVSCIGADDGIALMLEKSIDTIICILAIWKAGAAYVPLDPTYPPGRVQLILEEIKAKAVLVHSSHASKCERHGAKVIAVDSPAIETAVSQQSAADLPTIASLGNLAYIIFTSGTSGKPKGVLVEQKAVLLLRDALRERYFGRDCTKHHGVLFLSNYVFDFSVEQLVLSVLSGHKLIVPPAEFVADDEFYRMASTHGLSYLSGTPSLLQKIDLARLDHLQVVTAAGEELHATQYEKMRRRFNGPIYNAYGVTETTVYNIIAEFTTNSIFENALREVLPGTRAYVLNAALQPVPFDAVGELYLAGDSVTRGYLNQPLLTDQRFIPNPFCKEEDIAMGRFARLYKTGDLVRSRFNRQQQPQLEYLGRGDLQIKMRGYRIEISEVQNVLTSSPGVREGAVVAKYENNDTYSRTAHSLVGYYTTDNETVSEADILTFMKARLPTYMVPSHLCCLEGALPVTINGKLDVRRLPEIINDSAQSSYSPPRNIIEAKMCRLWESALGMERCGIDDDLFKLGGDSITSLHLVAQIHNQVGCKITVRDIFEHRTARALHDHVFMKDSDRSNVTQFRTEQGPVIGEAPLLPIQDWFLSKALQHPMYWNHTFYVRTPELDVDSLSAAVRDLQQYHDVFRMRLKREEVGFVQSFAEDFSPAQLRVLNVKDVDGSAAVNEILDGWQSGFNLENGPIGSIGYLHGYEDRSARVWFSVHHMAIDTVSWQILVRDLQTLYRNGSLGSKGSSFRQWAEAIQNYKASDSERNHWNKLVMETASSISALPTSTGSRVRLSRSLSPEKTASLIQGGIDRQDVSVYDSLLTSVGLALQHIAPTGPSMVTIEGHGREEVDQTLDVSRTMGWFTTMYPFEIPRLSTENIVQGVVAVSERFRQVPARGVGYGTLYGYTQHPLPQVTVNYLGQLARKQSKPKEWVLAVGDNEFEYGLMTSPEDKDRSSSAVDVTAVCIDGTMIIDVDSAWSLEESEQFISSIEEGLNKILDGRASQQTSRFPDVPQPAETYTPYFEYLEPPRQGPTLFLLPPGEGGAESYFNNIVKRLRQTNMVVFNNYYLHSKRLRTFEELAEMYLDQVRGIQPHGPYHFIGWSFGGILAMEMSRRLVASDEKIGFLGIIDTYFNVRGATRTIGLGDTEILDPIHHIYNPDPANFQRLPSATDRIVLFKAMRPNNKYESENQRRLYEYYDGTRLNGLDSLLPSDSDVQLVPLTDDTHFSWVGNPQQVEQMCATIKEHLARY
What is the function of this protein?
Nonribosomal peptide synthetase; part of the gene cluster that mediates the biosynthesis of penicillin, the world's most important antibiotic (PubMed:1368505, PubMed:9266851, PubMed:21889568).  The trimodular NRPS acvA produces the tripeptide N-[(5S)-5-amino-5-carboxypentanoyl]-L-cysteinyl-D-valine (LLD-ACV or ACV) via condensation of the 3 residues L-2-aminoadipate, L-cysteine and L-valine (PubMed:9266851, PubMed:9355751, PubMed:19686863, PubMed:21889568).  The precursor amino acids for penicillin biosynthesis are withdrawn from the vacuolar amino acid pool by the MFS-type transporter penV (PubMed:8416970, PubMed:22777282).  Each of the constituent amino acids of the tripeptide ACV are activated as aminoacyl-adenylates with peptide bonds formed through the participation of amino acid thioester intermediates (PubMed:9266851, PubMed:21889568).  The penicillin biosynthesis occurs via 3 enzymatic steps, the first corresponding to the production of the tripeptide N-[(5S)-5-amino-5-carboxypentanoyl]-L-cysteinyl-D-valine (LLD-ACV or ACV) by the NRPS acvA.  The tripeptide ACV is then cyclized to isopenicillin N (IPN) by the isopenicillin N synthase ipnA that forms the beta-lactam nucleus.  Finally, the alpha-aminoadipyl side chain is exchanged for phenylacetic acid by the isopenicillin N acyltransferase aatA to yield penicillin in the peroxisomal matrix (PubMed:1368505) (Probable).
What are the official names of this protein?
N-(5-amino-5-carboxypentanoyl)-L-cysteinyl-D-valine synthase, ACV synthetase, ACVS, Delta-(L-alpha-aminoadipyl)-L-cysteinyl-D-valine synthetase, Nonribosomal peptide synthetase acvA, Penicillin biosynthetis cluster p rotein acvA.
What is the protein family that this protein belongs to?
Belongs to the NRP synthetase family.
What are the subcellular locations of this protein?
Cytoplasm, cytosol. Vacuole membrane; Peripheral membrane protein. Note=Loosely attached to the vacuoles.