Protein: S39A8_HUMAN
Sequence: MAPGRAVAGLLLLAAAGLGGVAEGPGLAFSEDVLSVFGANLSLSAAQLQHLLEQMGAASRVGVPEPGQLHFNQCLTAEEIFSLHGFSNATQITSSKFSVICPAVLQQLNFHPCEDRPKHKTRPSHSEVWGYGFLSVTIINLASLLGLILTPLIKKSYFPKILTFFVGLAIGTLFSNAIFQLIPEAFGFDPKVDSYVEKAVAVFGGFYLLFFFERMLKMLLKTYGQNGHTHFGNDNFGPQEKTHQPKALPAINGVTCYANPAVTEANGHIHFDNVSVVSLQDGKKEPSSCTCLKGPKLSEIGTIAWMITLCDALHNFIDGLAIGASCTLSLLQGLSTSIAILCEEFPHELGDFVILLNAGMSTRQALLFNFLSACSCYVGLAFGILVGNNFAPNIIFALAGGMFLYISLADMFPEMNDMLREKVTGRKTDFTFFMIQNAGMLTGFTAILLITLYAGEIELE
What is the function of this protein?
Electroneutral divalent metal cation:bicarbonate symporter of the plasma membrane mediating the cellular uptake of zinc and manganese, two divalent metal cations important for development, tissue homeostasis and immunity (PubMed:12504855, PubMed:22898811, PubMed:23403290, PubMed:29337306, PubMed:26637978, PubMed:29453449).  Transports an electroneutral complex composed of a divalent metal cation and two bicarbonate anions or alternatively a bicarbonate and a selenite anion (PubMed:27166256, PubMed:31699897).  Thereby, it also contributes to the cellular uptake of selenium, an essential trace metal and micronutrient (PubMed:27166256).  Also imports cadmium a non-essential metal which is cytotoxic and carcinogenic (PubMed:27466201).  May also transport iron and cobalt through membranes (PubMed:22898811).  Through zinc import, indirectly regulates the metal-dependent transcription factor MTF1 and the expression of some metalloproteases involved in cartilage catabolism and also probably heart development (PubMed:29337306).  Also indirectly regulates the expression of proteins involved in cell morphology and cytoskeleton organization (PubMed:29927450).  Indirectly controls innate immune function and inflammatory response by regulating zinc cellular uptake which in turn modulates the expression of genes specific of these processes (PubMed:23403290, PubMed:28056086).  Protects, for instance, cells from injury and death at the onset of inflammation (PubMed:18390834).  By regulating zinc influx into monocytes also directly modulates their adhesion to endothelial cells and arteries (By similarity).  Reclaims manganese from the bile at the apical membrane of hepatocytes, thereby regulating the activity of the manganese-dependent enzymes through the systemic levels of the nutrient (PubMed:28481222).  Also participates in manganese reabsorption in the proximal tubule of the kidney (PubMed:26637978).  By mediating the extracellular uptake of manganese by cells of the blood-brain barrier, may also play a role in the transport of the micronutrient to the brain (PubMed:26637978, PubMed:31699897).  With manganese cellular uptake also participates in mitochondrial proper function (PubMed:29453449).  Finally, also probably functions intracellularly, translocating zinc from lysosome to cytosol to indirectly enhance the expression of specific genes during TCR-mediated T cell activation (PubMed:19401385).
What are the official names of this protein?
Metal cation symporter ZIP8, BCG-induced integral membrane protein in monocyte clone 103 protein, LIV-1 subfamily of ZIP zinc transporter 6, LZT-Hs6, Solute carrier family 39 member 8, Zrt- and Irt-like protein 8, ZIP-8.
What is the protein family that this protein belongs to?
Belongs to the ZIP transporter (TC 2.A.5) family.
What are the subcellular locations of this protein?
Cell membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. Lysosome membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. Apical cell membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. Basolateral cell membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. Note=Localizes to the lysosome of activated T-cells (PubMed:19401385). A large fraction of the protein is found intracellularly in microvascular capillary endothelial cells that constitute the blood-brain barrier (PubMed:31699897). Localized and functional at both apical and basolateral membranes of microvascular capillary endothelial cells that constitute the blood-brain barrier (PubMed:31699897).