Protein: RAB10_CAEEL
Sequence: MARRPYDMLFKLLLIGDSGVGKTCILYRFSDDAFNTTFISTIGIDFKIKTIELKGKKIKLQIWDTAGQERFHTITTSYYRGAMGIMLVYDITNAKSFDNIAKWLRNIDEHASEDVVKMILGNKCDMSDRRVVSRERGEKIAQDHGISFHETSAKLNVHVDTAFYDLAEAILAKMPDSTDEQSRDTVNPVQPQRQSSSGGCC
What is the function of this protein?
The small GTPases Rab are key regulators of intracellular membrane trafficking, from the formation of transport vesicles to their fusion with membranes.  Rabs cycle between an inactive GDP-bound form and an active GTP-bound form that is able to recruit to membranes different set of downstream effectors directly responsible for vesicle formation, movement, tethering and fusion (PubMed:23100538, PubMed:26394140, PubMed:26633194).  Required for basolateral endocytic recycling, the return of macromolecules and fluid from endosomes to the plasma membrane, in polarized epithelial cells of the intestine upstream of rme-1 (PubMed:16394106).  Involved in the formation of the endosomal tubular network that is required for basolateral recycling of clathrin-independent endocytic cargo such as daf-4 in the intestine (PubMed:25301900).  Required for the recruitment of cnt-1 effector to endosomal membranes in the intestinal epithelium, which is important for the regulation of levels of endosomal phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate, a key phosphoinositide in membrane traffic, and for the recruitment of endosomal membrane-bending proteins, rme-1 and sdpn-1 (PubMed:22869721).  Recruits the rab-5 GTPase-activating protein tbc-2 to endosomes where it then inactivates rab-5 resulting in removal of rab-5 from membranes, which is necessary for cargo transport from early endosomes to recycling endosomes in the basolateral intestine (PubMed:26393361).  Regulates recycling of synaptic membrane AMPA glutamate receptor, glr-1, from intracellular endosomal compartments back to synapses in a cholesterol-dependent endocytosis pathway functioning after clathrin-independent endocytosis in command interneurons (PubMed:17761527).  Regulates neuropeptide release from dense core vesicles (DCVs) of cholinergic motoneurons in cooperation with rab-5.  They reciprocally recruit each other's inactivating GAP molecule leading to local exclusion of one or the other rab protein at the Golgi-endosomal interphase at an essential stage during DCV sorting (PubMed:23100538).  Regulates membrane trafficking of membranes and dendrite proteins from the Golgi and/or endosomal compartments to plasma membrane during dendrite morphogenesis together with the exocyst complex in the multi-dendritic PVD sensory neurons acting in a cell-autonomous manner and requiring its GTPase activity (PubMed:26394140).  Functions cell-autonomously together with the exocyst complex to regulate dendrite morphogenesis and anterior-posterior patterning of the PVD neurons dendritic arbor by balancing the anterograde and retrograde transport via molecular motors unc-116 (kinesin heavy chain) and dhc-1 (dynein heavy chain) to appropriately transport branching factors, such as dma-1, to the specific subcellular regions of the developing dendrite in its GTPase activity-dependent manner (PubMed:26633194).
What are the official names of this protein?
Ras-related protein Rab-10, Rab-10.
What is the protein family that this protein belongs to?
Belongs to the small GTPase superfamily. Rab family.
What are the subcellular locations of this protein?
Early endosome membrane; Lipid- anchor. Late endosome membrane; Lipid-anchor. Golgi apparatus membrane; Lipid- anchor. Endosome membrane; Lipid- anchor. Note=Colocalizes with cnt-1 on recycling endosomes in the intestinal epithelium in vivo (PubMed:22869721). Colocalizes with cnt-1, tbc-2 and amph-1 on endosomes in the intestinal epithelium (PubMed:26393361). Localizes at tips of the growing basolateral endosomal tubules of the intestine (PubMed:25301900). Present in cell bodies as well as throughout the ventral nerve cord of sensory interneurons (PubMed:17761527). The localization on endosomal structures of the intestine and interneurons is regulated by ehbp-1 (PubMed:20573983). Localizes to the medial Golgi, endosomes and immature dense core vesicles (DCVs) in ventral nerve cord (VNC) neurons. Also enriched in axons at dorsal nerve cord (DNC) synapses and localizes with synaptic vesicles and DCVs. Some localize with DCV in neuronal cell bodies. Colocalizes with tbc-4 in the cell body near the Golgi in VNC neurons (PubMed:23100538). Localizes to the Golgi and the early endosomes in the PVD sensory neurons. Localizes to the transport vesicles moving bi-directionally along PVD dendrites. Colocalizes with exoc-8 on intracellular vesicles in the PVD dendrites (PubMed:26394140).