Protein: ACVA_PENRW
Sequence: MGPSNPAMAYFKPSTRDTMDPCSGNAADGSIRVRFRGGIERWKECVNQVPERCDLSGLTTDSTRYQLASTGFGDASAAYQERLMTVPVDVHAALQELCLERRVSVGSVINFSVHQMLKGFGNGTHTITASLHREQNLQNSSPSWVVSPTIVTHENRDGWSVAQAVESIEAGRGSEKESVTAIDSGSSLVKMGLFDLLVSFVDADDARIPCFDFPLAVIVRECDANLSLTLRFSDCLFNEETICNFTDALNILLAEAVIGRVTPVADIELLSAEQKQQLEEWNNTDGEYPSSKRLHHLIEEVVERHEDKIAVVCDERELTYGELNAQGNSLARYLRSIGILPEQLVALFLDKSEKLIVTILGVWKSGAAYVPIDPTYPDERVRFVLDDTKARAIIASNQHVERLQREVIGDRNLCIIRLEPLLASLAQDSSKFPAHNLDDLPLTSQQLAYVTYTSGTTGFPKGIFKQHTNVVNSITDLSARYGVAGQHHEAILLFSACVFEPFVRQTLMALVNGHLLAVINDVEKYDADTLLPFIRRHSITYLNGTASVLQEYDFSDCPSLNRIILVGENLTEARYLALRQRFKNRILNEYGFTESAFVTALKIFDPESTRKDTSLGRPVRNVKCYILNPSLKRVPIGATGELHIGGLGISKGYLNRPELTPHRFIPNPFQTDCEKQLGINSLMYKTGDLARWLPNGEVEYLGRADFQIKLRGIRIEPGEIETMLAMYPRVRTSLVVSKKLRNGPEETTNEHLVGYYVCDSASVSEADLLSFLEKKLPRYMIPTRLVQLSQIPVNVNGKADLRALPAVDISNSTEVRSDLRGDTEIALGEIWADVLGARQRSVSRNDNFFRLGGHSITCIQLIARIRQRLSVSISVEDVFATRTLERMADLLQNKQQEKCDKPHEAPTELLEENAATDNIYLANSLQQGFVYHYLKSMEQSDAYVMQSVLRYNTTLSPDLFQRAWKHAQQSFPALRLRFSWEKEVFQLLDQDPPLDWRFLYFTDVAAGAVEDRKLEDLRRQDLTERFKLDVGRLFRVYLIKHSENRFTCLFSCHHAILDGWSLPLLFEKVHETYLQLLHGDNLTSSMDDPYTRTQRYLHAHREDHLDFWAGVVQKINERCDMNALLNERSRYKVQLADYDQVQEQRQLTIALSGDAWLADLRQTCSAQGITLHSILQFVWHAVLHAYGGGTHTITGTTISGRNLPILGIERAVGPYINTLPLVLDHSTFKDKTIMEAIEDVQAKVNVMNSRGNVELGRLHKTDLKHGLFDSLFVLENYPNLDKSRTLEHQTELGYSIEGGTEKLNYPLAVIAREVETTGGFTVSICYASELFEEVMISELLHMVQDTLMQVARGLNEPVGSLEYLSSIQLEQLAAWNATEAEFPDTTLHEMFENEASQKPDKIAVVYEETSLTYRELNERANRMAHQLRSDVSPNPNEVIALVMDKSEHMIVNILAVWKSGGAYVPIDPGYPNDRIQYILEDTQALAVIADSCYLPRIKGMAASGTLLYPSVLPANPDSKWSVSNPSPLSRSTDLAYIIYTSGTTGRPKGVTVEHHGVVNLQVSLSKVFGLRDTDDEVILSFSNYVFDHFVEQMTDAILNGQTLLVLNDGMRGDKERLYRYIEKNRVTYLSGTPSVVSMYEFSRFKDHLRRVDCVGEAFSEPVFDKIRETFHGLVINGYGPTEVSITTHKRLYPFPERRMDKSIGQQVHNSTSYVLNEDMKRTPIGSVGELYLGGEGVVRGYHNRADVTAERFIPNPFQSEEDKREGRNSRLYKTGDLVRWIPGSSGEVEYLGRNDFQVKIRGLRIELGEIEAILSSYHGIKQSVVIAKDCREGAQKFLVGYYVADAALPSAAIRRFMQSRLPGYMVPSRLILVSKFPVTPSGKLDTKALPPAEEESEIDVVPPRSEIERSLCDIWAELLEMHPEEIGIYSDFFSLGGDSLKSTKLSFMIHESFNRAVSVSALFCHRTVEAQTHLILNDAADVHEITPIDCNDTQMIPVSRAQERLLFIHEFENGSNAYNIDAAFELPGSVDASLLEQALRGNLARHEALRTLLVKDHATGIYLQKVLSPDEAQGMFSVNVDTAKQVERLDQEIASLSQHVFRLDDELPWEARILKLESGGLYLILAFHHTCFDAWSLKVFEQELRALYAALQKTKSAANLPALKAQYKEYALYHRRQLSGDRMRNLSDFWLRKLIGLEPLQLITDRPRPVQFKYDGDDLSIELSKKETENLRGVAKRCKSSLYVVLVSVYCVMLASYANQSDVSVGIPVSHRTHPQFQSVIGFFVNLVVLRVDISQSAICGLIRRVMKELVDAQLHQDMPFQEVTKLLQVDNDPSRHPLVQNVFNFESRANGEHDARSEDEGSLAFNQYRPVQPVDSVAKFDLNATVTELESGLRVNFNYATSLFNKSTIQGFLHTYEYLLRQLSELSAEGINEDTQLSLVRPTENGDLHLPLAQSPLATTAEEQKVASLNQAFEREAFLAAEKIAVVQGDRALSYADLNGQANQLARYIQSVSCIGADDGIALMLEKSIDTIICILAIWKAGAAYVPLDPTYPPGRVQLILEEIKAKAVLVHSSHASKCERHGAKVIAVDSPAIETAVSQQSAADLPTIASLGNLAYIIFTSGTSGKPKGVLVEQKAVLLLRDALRERYFGRDCTKHHGVLFLSNYVFDFSVEQLVLSVLSGHKLIVPPAEFVADDEFYRMASTHGLSYLSGTPSLLQKIDLARLDHLQVVTAAGEELHATQYEKMRRRFNGPIYNAYGVTETTVYNIIAEFTTNSIFENALREVLPGTRAYVLNAALQPVPFDAVGELYLAGDSVTRGYLNQPLLTDQRFIPNPFCKEEDIAMGRFARLYKTGDLVRSRFNRQQQPQLEYLGRGDLQIKMRGYRIEISEVQNVLTSSPGVREGAVVAKYENNDTYSRTAHSLVGYYTTDNETVSEADILTFMKARLPTYMVPSHLCCLEGALPVTINGKLDVRRLPEIINDSAQSSYSPPRNIIEAKMCRLWESALGMERCGIDDDLFKLGGDSITSLHLVAQIHNQVGCKITVRDIFEHRTARALHDHVFMKDSDRSNVTQFRTEQGPVIGEAPLLPIQDWFLSKALQHPMYWNHTFYVRTPELDVDSLSAAVRDLQQYHDVFRMRLKREEVGFVQSFAEDFSPAQLRVLNVKDVDGSAAVNEILDGWQSGFNLENGPIGSIGYLHGYEDRSARVWFSVHHMAIDTVSWQILVRDLQTLYRNGSLGSKGSSFRQWAEAIQNYKASDSERNHWNKLVMETASSISALPTSTGSRVRLSRSLSPEKTASLIQGGIDRQDVSVYDSLLTSVGLALQHIAPTGPSMVTIEGHGREEVDQTLDVSRTMGWFTTMYPFEIPRLSTENIVQGVVAVSERFRQVPARGVGYGTLYGYTQHPLPQVTVNYLGQLARKQSKPKEWVLAVGDNEFEYGLMTSPEDKDRSSSAVDVTAVCIDGTMIIDVDSAWSLEESEQFISSIEEGLNKILDGRASQQTSRFPDVPQPAETYTPYFEYLEPPRQGPTLFLLPPGEGGAESYFNNIVKRLRQTNMVVFNNYYLHSKRLRTFEELAEMYLDQVRGIQPHGPYHFIGWSFGGILAMEMSRRLVASDEKIGFLGIIDTYFNVRGATRTIGLGDTEILDPIHHIYNPDPANFQRLPSATDRIVLFKAMRPNNKYESENQRRLYEYYDGTRLNGLDSLLPSDSDVQLVPLTDDTHFSWVGNPQQVEQMCATIKEHLARY
What is the function of this protein?
Nonribosomal peptide synthetase; part of the gene cluster that mediates the biosynthesis of penicillin, the world's most important antibiotic (PubMed:1368505, PubMed:9266851, PubMed:21889568).  The first step of the pathway is performed by the trimodular NRPS acvA that produces the tripeptide N-[(5S)-5-amino-5-carboxypentanoyl]-L-cysteinyl-D-valine (LLD-ACV or ACV) via condensation of the 3 residues L-2-aminoadipate, L-cysteine and L-valine (PubMed:9266851, PubMed:9355751, PubMed:19686863, PubMed:21889568).  The precursor amino acids for penicillin biosynthesis are withdrawn from the vacuolar amino acid pool by the MFS-type transporter penV (PubMed:8416970, PubMed:22777282).  Each of the constituent amino acids of the tripeptide ACV are activated as aminoacyl-adenylates with peptide bonds formed through the participation of amino acid thioester intermediates (PubMed:9266851, PubMed:21889568).  The tripeptide ACV is then cyclized to form isopenicillin N (IPN) by the isopenicillin N synthase ipnA that forms the beta-lactam nucleus (PubMed:1368505, PubMed:1369045, PubMed:1588566).  Finally, the alpha-aminoadipyl side chain is exchanged for phenylacetic acid by the isopenicillin N acyltransferase aatA to yield penicillin (PubMed:2120195, PubMed:2110531, PubMed:1368505).  This step occurs in the peroxisomal matrix and the penM and paaT transporters are involved in the isopenicillin N and phenylacetic acid import into the peroxisome, respectively (PubMed:23053082).
What are the official names of this protein?
N-(5-amino-5-carboxypentanoyl)-L-cysteinyl-D-valine synthase, ACV synthetase, ACVS, Delta-(L-alpha-aminoadipyl)-L-cysteinyl-D-valine synthetase, Nonribosomal peptide synthetase acvA, Penicillin biosynthetis cluster protein acvA.
What is the protein family that this protein belongs to?
Belongs to the NRP synthetase family.
What are the subcellular locations of this protein?
Cytoplasm, cytosol. Vacuole membrane; Peripheral membrane protein. Note=Loosely attached to the vacuoles.