Protein: EXOSX_HUMAN
Sequence: MAPPSTREPRVLSATSATKSDGEMVLPGFPDADSFVKFALGSVVAVTKASGGLPQFGDEYDFYRSFPGFQAFCETQGDRLLQCMSRVMQYHGCRSNIKDRSKVTELEDKFDLLVDANDVILERVGILLDEASGVNKNQQPVLPAGLQVPKTVVSSWNRKAAEYGKKAKSETFRLLHAKNIIRPQLKFREKIDNSNTPFLPKIFIKPNAQKPLPQALSKERRERPQDRPEDLDVPPALADFIHQQRTQQVEQDMFAHPYQYELNHFTPADAVLQKPQPQLYRPIEETPCHFISSLDELVELNEKLLNCQEFAVDLEHHSYRSFLGLTCLMQISTRTEDFIIDTLELRSDMYILNESLTDPAIVKVFHGADSDIEWLQKDFGLYVVNMFDTHQAARLLNLGRHSLDHLLKLYCNVDSNKQYQLADWRIRPLPEEMLSYARDDTHYLLYIYDKMRLEMWERGNGQPVQLQVVWQRSRDICLKKFIKPIFTDESYLELYRKQKKHLNTQQLTAFQLLFAWRDKTARREDESYGYVLPNHMMLKIAEELPKEPQGIIACCNPVPPLVRQQINEMHLLIQQAREMPLLKSEVAAGVKKSGPLPSAERLENVLFGPHDCSHAPPDGYPIIPTSGSVPVQKQASLFPDEKEDNLLGTTCLIATAVITLFNEPSAEDSKKGPLTVAQKKAQNIMESFENPFRMFLPSLGHRAPVSQAAKFDPSTKIYEISNRWKLAQVQVQKDSKEAVKKKAAEQTAAREQAKEACKAAAEQAISVRQQVVLENAAKKRERATSDPRTTEQKQEKKRLKISKKPKDPEPPEKEFTPYDYSQSDFKAFAGNSKSKVSSQFDPNKQTPSGKKCIAAKKIKQSVGNKSMSFPTGKSDRGFRYNWPQR
What is the function of this protein?
Putative catalytic component of the RNA exosome complex which has 3'->5' exoribonuclease activity and participates in a multitude of cellular RNA processing and degradation events.  In the nucleus, the RNA exosome complex is involved in proper maturation of stable RNA species such as rRNA, snRNA and snoRNA, in the elimination of RNA processing by-products and non-coding 'pervasive' transcripts, such as antisense RNA species and promoter-upstream transcripts (PROMPTs), and of mRNAs with processing defects, thereby limiting or excluding their export to the cytoplasm.  Part of the small subunit (SSU) processome, first precursor of the small eukaryotic ribosomal subunit.  During the assembly of the SSU processome in the nucleolus, many ribosome biogenesis factors, an RNA chaperone and ribosomal proteins associate with the nascent pre-rRNA and work in concert to generate RNA folding, modifications, rearrangements and cleavage as well as targeted degradation of pre-ribosomal RNA by the RNA exosome (PubMed:34516797).  The RNA exosome may be involved in Ig class switch recombination (CSR) and/or Ig variable region somatic hypermutation (SHM) by targeting AICDA deamination activity to transcribed dsDNA substrates.  In the cytoplasm, the RNA exosome complex is involved in general mRNA turnover and specifically degrades inherently unstable mRNAs containing AU-rich elements (AREs) within their 3' untranslated regions, and in RNA surveillance pathways, preventing translation of aberrant mRNAs.  It seems to be involved in degradation of histone mRNA.  EXOSC10 is required for nucleolar localization of C1D and probably mediates the association of MTREX, C1D and MPHOSPH6 with the RNA exosome involved in the maturation of 5. 8S rRNA.
What are the official names of this protein?
Exosome component 10, Autoantigen PM/Scl 2, P100 polymyositis-scleroderma overlap syndrome-associated autoantigen, Polymyositis/scleroderma autoantigen 100 kDa, PM/Scl-100, Polymyositis/scleroderma autoantigen 2.
What are the subcellular locations of this protein?
Cytoplasm. Nucleus, nucleolus. Nucleus. Note=Strongly enriched in the nucleolus and a small amount has been found in cytoplasm supporting the existence of a nucleolar RNA exosome complex form.