Protein: RET_HUMAN
Sequence: MAKATSGAAGLRLLLLLLLPLLGKVALGLYFSRDAYWEKLYVDQAAGTPLLYVHALRDAPEEVPSFRLGQHLYGTYRTRLHENNWICIQEDTGLLYLNRSLDHSSWEKLSVRNRGFPLLTVYLKVFLSPTSLREGECQWPGCARVYFSFFNTSFPACSSLKPRELCFPETRPSFRIRENRPPGTFHQFRLLPVQFLCPNISVAYRLLEGEGLPFRCAPDSLEVSTRWALDREQREKYELVAVCTVHAGAREEVVMVPFPVTVYDEDDSAPTFPAGVDTASAVVEFKRKEDTVVATLRVFDADVVPASGELVRRYTSTLLPGDTWAQQTFRVEHWPNETSVQANGSFVRATVHDYRLVLNRNLSISENRTMQLAVLVNDSDFQGPGAGVLLLHFNVSVLPVSLHLPSTYSLSVSRRARRFAQIGKVCVENCQAFSGINVQYKLHSSGANCSTLGVVTSAEDTSGILFVNDTKALRRPKCAELHYMVVATDQQTSRQAQAQLLVTVEGSYVAEEAGCPLSCAVSKRRLECEECGGLGSPTGRCEWRQGDGKGITRNFSTCSPSTKTCPDGHCDVVETQDINICPQDCLRGSIVGGHEPGEPRGIKAGYGTCNCFPEEEKCFCEPEDIQDPLCDELCRTVIAAAVLFSFIVSVLLSAFCIHCYHKFAHKPPISSAEMTFRRPAQAFPVSYSSSGARRPSLDSMENQVSVDAFKILEDPKWEFPRKNLVLGKTLGEGEFGKVVKATAFHLKGRAGYTTVAVKMLKENASPSELRDLLSEFNVLKQVNHPHVIKLYGACSQDGPLLLIVEYAKYGSLRGFLRESRKVGPGYLGSGGSRNSSSLDHPDERALTMGDLISFAWQISQGMQYLAEMKLVHRDLAARNILVAEGRKMKISDFGLSRDVYEEDSYVKRSQGRIPVKWMAIESLFDHIYTTQSDVWSFGVLLWEIVTLGGNPYPGIPPERLFNLLKTGHRMERPDNCSEEMYRLMLQCWKQEPDKRPVFADISKDLEKMMVKRRDYLDLAASTPSDSLIYDDGLSEEETPLVDCNNAPLPRALPSTWIENKLYGMSDPNWPGESPVPLTRADGTNTGFPRYPNDSVYANWMLSPSAAKLMDTFDS
What is the function of this protein?
Receptor tyrosine-protein kinase involved in numerous cellular mechanisms including cell proliferation, neuronal navigation, cell migration, and cell differentiation upon binding with glial cell derived neurotrophic factor family ligands.  Phosphorylates PTK2/FAK1.  Regulates both cell death/survival balance and positional information.  Required for the molecular mechanisms orchestration during intestine organogenesis; involved in the development of enteric nervous system and renal organogenesis during embryonic life, and promotes the formation of Peyer's patch-like structures, a major component of the gut-associated lymphoid tissue.  Modulates cell adhesion via its cleavage by caspase in sympathetic neurons and mediates cell migration in an integrin (e. g.  ITGB1 and ITGB3)-dependent manner.  Involved in the development of the neural crest.  Active in the absence of ligand, triggering apoptosis through a mechanism that requires receptor intracellular caspase cleavage.  Acts as a dependence receptor; in the presence of the ligand GDNF in somatotrophs (within pituitary), promotes survival and down regulates growth hormone (GH) production, but triggers apoptosis in absence of GDNF.  Regulates nociceptor survival and size.  Triggers the differentiation of rapidly adapting (RA) mechanoreceptors.  Mediator of several diseases such as neuroendocrine cancers; these diseases are characterized by aberrant integrins-regulated cell migration.  Mediates, through interaction with GDF15-receptor GFRAL, GDF15-induced cell-signaling in the brainstem which induces inhibition of food-intake.  Activates MAPK- and AKT-signaling pathways (PubMed:28846097, PubMed:28953886, PubMed:28846099).  Isoform 1 in complex with GFRAL induces higher activation of MAPK-signaling pathway than isoform 2 in complex with GFRAL (PubMed:28846099).
What are the official names of this protein?
Proto-oncogene tyrosine-protein kinase receptor Ret, Cadherin family member 12, Proto-oncogene c-Ret.
What is the protein family that this protein belongs to?
Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. Tyr protein kinase family.
What are the subcellular locations of this protein?
Cell membrane; Single-pass type I membrane protein. Endosome membrane; Single-pass type I membrane protein. Note=Predominantly located on the plasma membrane. In the presence of SORL1 and GFRA1, directed to endosomes.