Protein: IL27A_HUMAN
Sequence: MGQTAGDLGWRLSLLLLPLLLVQAGVWGFPRPPGRPQLSLQELRREFTVSLHLARKLLSEVRGQAHRFAESHLPGVNLYLLPLGEQLPDVSLTFQAWRRLSDPERLCFISTTLQPFHALLGGLGTQGRWTNMERMQLWAMRLDLRDLQRHLRFQVLAAGFNLPEEEEEEEEEEEEERKGLLPGALGSALQGPAQVSWPQLLSTYRLLHSLELVLSRAVRELLLLSKAGHSVWPLGFPTLSPQP
What is the function of this protein?
Associates with EBI3 to form the IL-27 interleukin, a heterodimeric cytokine which functions in innate immunity.  IL-27 has pro- and anti-inflammatory properties, that can regulate T-helper cell development, suppress T-cell proliferation, stimulate cytotoxic T-cell activity, induce isotype switching in B-cells, and that has diverse effects on innate immune cells.  Among its target cells are CD4 T-helper cells which can differentiate in type 1 effector cells (TH1), type 2 effector cells (TH2) and IL17 producing helper T-cells (TH17).  It drives rapid clonal expansion of naive but not memory CD4 T-cells.  It also strongly synergizes with IL-12 to trigger interferon-gamma/IFN-gamma production of naive CD4 T-cells, binds to the cytokine receptor WSX-1/TCCR which appears to be required but not sufficient for IL-27-mediated signal transduction.  IL-27 potentiate the early phase of TH1 response and suppress TH2 and TH17 differentiation.  It induces the differentiation of TH1 cells via two distinct pathways, p38 MAPK/TBX21- and ICAM1/ITGAL/ERK-dependent pathways.  It also induces STAT1, STAT3, STAT4 and STAT5 phosphorylation and activates TBX21/T-Bet via STAT1 with resulting IL12RB2 up-regulation, an event crucial to TH1 cell commitment.  It suppresses the expression of GATA3, the inhibitor TH1 cells development.  In CD8 T-cells, it activates STATs as well as GZMB.  IL-27 reveals to be a potent inhibitor of TH17 cell development and of IL-17 production.  Indeed IL27 alone is also able to inhibit the production of IL17 by CD4 and CD8 T-cells.  While IL-27 suppressed the development of pro-inflammatory Th17 cells via STAT1, it inhibits the development of anti-inflammatory inducible regulatory T-cells, iTreg, independently of STAT1.  IL-27 has also an effect on cytokine production, it suppresses pro-inflammatory cytokine production such as IL2, IL4, IL5 and IL6 and activates suppressors of cytokine signaling such as SOCS1 and SOCS3.  Apart from suppression of cytokine production, IL-27 also antagonizes the effects of some cytokines such as IL6 through direct effects on T-cells.  Another important role of IL-27 is its antitumor activity as well as its antiangiogenic activity with activation of production of antiangiogenic chemokines such as IP-10/CXCL10 and MIG/CXCL9.  In vein endothelial cells, it induces IRF1/interferon regulatory factor 1 and increase the expression of MHC class II transactivator/CIITA with resulting up-regulation of major histocompatibility complex class II.  IL-27 also demonstrates antiviral activity with inhibitory properties on HIV-1 replication.
What are the official names of this protein?
Interleukin-27 subunit alpha, IL-27 subunit alpha, IL-27-A, IL27-A, Interleukin-30, p28.
What is the protein family that this protein belongs to?
Belongs to the IL-6 superfamily.
What are the subcellular locations of this protein?
Secreted. Note=Does not seem to be secreted without coexpression of EBI3.