Protein: PLK3_HUMAN
Sequence: MEPAAGFLSPRPFQRAAAAPAPPAGPGPPPSALRGPELEMLAGLPTSDPGRLITDPRSGRTYLKGRLLGKGGFARCYEATDTETGSAYAVKVIPQSRVAKPHQREKILNEIELHRDLQHRHIVRFSHHFEDADNIYIFLELCSRKSLAHIWKARHTLLEPEVRYYLRQILSGLKYLHQRGILHRDLKLGNFFITENMELKVGDFGLAARLEPPEQRKKTICGTPNYVAPEVLLRQGHGPEADVWSLGCVMYTLLCGSPPFETADLKETYRCIKQVHYTLPASLSLPARQLLAAILRASPRDRPSIDQILRHDFFTKGYTPDRLPISSCVTVPDLTPPNPARSLFAKVTKSLFGRKKKSKNHAQERDEVSGLVSGLMRTSVGHQDARPEAPAASGPAPVSLVETAPEDSSPRGTLASSGDGFEEGLTVATVVESALCALRNCIAFMPPAEQNPAPLAQPEPLVWVSKWVDYSNKFGFGYQLSSRRVAVLFNDGTHMALSANRKTVHYNPTSTKHFSFSVGAVPRALQPQLGILRYFASYMEQHLMKGGDLPSVEEVEVPAPPLLLQWVKTDQALLMLFSDGTVQVNFYGDHTKLILSGWEPLLVTFVARNRSACTYLASHLRQLGCSPDLRQRLRYALRLLRDRSPA
What is the function of this protein?
Serine/threonine-protein kinase involved in cell cycle regulation, response to stress and Golgi disassembly.  Polo-like kinases act by binding and phosphorylating proteins are that already phosphorylated on a specific motif recognized by the POLO box domains.  Phosphorylates ATF2, BCL2L1, CDC25A, CDC25C, CHEK2, HIF1A, JUN, p53/TP53, p73/TP73, PTEN, TOP2A and VRK1.  Involved in cell cycle regulation: required for entry into S phase and cytokinesis.  Phosphorylates BCL2L1, leading to regulate the G2 checkpoint and progression to cytokinesis during mitosis.  Plays a key role in response to stress: rapidly activated upon stress stimulation, such as ionizing radiation, reactive oxygen species (ROS), hyperosmotic stress, UV irradiation and hypoxia.  Involved in DNA damage response and G1/S transition checkpoint by phosphorylating CDC25A, p53/TP53 and p73/TP73.  Phosphorylates p53/TP53 in response to reactive oxygen species (ROS), thereby promoting p53/TP53-mediated apoptosis.  Phosphorylates CHEK2 in response to DNA damage, promoting the G2/M transition checkpoint.  Phosphorylates the transcription factor p73/TP73 in response to DNA damage, leading to inhibit p73/TP73-mediated transcriptional activation and pro-apoptotic functions.  Phosphorylates HIF1A and JUN is response to hypoxia.  Phosphorylates ATF2 following hyperosmotic stress in corneal epithelium.  Also involved in Golgi disassembly during the cell cycle: part of a MEK1/MAP2K1-dependent pathway that induces Golgi fragmentation during mitosis by mediating phosphorylation of VRK1.  May participate in endomitotic cell cycle, a form of mitosis in which both karyokinesis and cytokinesis are interrupted and is a hallmark of megakaryocyte differentiation, via its interaction with CIB1.
What are the official names of this protein?
Serine/threonine-protein kinase PLK3, Cytokine-inducible serine/threonine-protein kinase, FGF-inducible kinase, Polo-like kinase 3, PLK-3, Proliferation-related kinase.
What is the protein family that this protein belongs to?
Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. Ser/Thr protein kinase family. CDC5/Polo subfamily.
What are the subcellular locations of this protein?
Cytoplasm. Nucleus. Nucleus, nucleolus. Golgi apparatus. Cytoplasm, cytoskeleton, microtubule organizing center, centrosome. Note=Translocates to the nucleus upon cisplatin treatment. Localizes to the Golgi apparatus during interphase. According to a report, PLK3 localizes only in the nucleolus and not in the centrosome, or in any other location in the cytoplasm (PubMed:17264206). The discrepancies in results may be explained by the PLK3 antibody specificity, by cell line-specific expression or post-translational modifications.