Department of Health and Human Services 
OFFICE OF 
INSPECTOR GENERAL 
Hospital Closure 
2000 
JANET REHNQUIST 
Inspector General 
JUNE 2002 
OEI-04-02-00010  O I G
FFICE OF  NSPECTOR  ENERAL

http://www.oig.hhs.gov/ 
The mission of the Office of Inspector General (OIG), as mandated by Public Law 95-452, as amended 
by Public Law 100-504, is to protect the integrity of the Department of Health and Human Services 
(HHS) programs, as well as the health and welfare of beneficiaries served by those programs.  This 
statutory mission is carried out through a nationwide network of audits, investigations, and inspections 
conducted by the following operating components: 
Office of Audit Services 
The OIG's Office of Audit Services (OAS) provides all auditing services for HHS, either by conducting 
audits with its own audit resources or by overseeing audit work done by others.  Audits examine the 
performance of HHS programs and/or its grantees and contractors in carrying out their respective 
responsibilities and are intended to provide independent assessments of HHS programs and operations in 
order to reduce waste, abuse, and mismanagement and to promote economy and efficiency throughout the 
Department. 
Office of Evaluation and Inspections 
The OIG's Office of Evaluation and Inspections (OEI) conducts short-term management and program 
evaluations (called inspections) that focus on issues of concern to the Department, the Congress, and the 
public.  The findings and recommendations contained in the inspection reports generate rapid, accurate, 
and up-to-date information on the efficiency, vulnerability, and effectiveness of departmental programs. 
Office of Investigations 
The OIG's Office of Investigations (OI) conducts criminal, civil, and administrative investigations of 
allegations of wrongdoing in HHS programs or to HHS beneficiaries and of unjust enrichment by 
providers.  The investigative efforts of OI lead to criminal convictions, administrative sanctions, or civil 
monetary penalties.  The OI also oversees State Medicaid fraud control units which investigate and 
prosecute fraud and patient abuse in the Medicaid program. 
Office of Counsel to the Inspector General 
The Office of Counsel to the Inspector General (OCIG) provides general legal services to OIG, rendering 
advice and opinions on HHS programs and operations and providing all legal support in OIGs internal 
operations.  The OCIG imposes program exclusions and civil monetary penalties on health care providers 
and litigates those actions within the Department.  The OCIG also represents OIG in the global settlement 
of cases arising under the Civil False Claims Act, develops and monitors corporate integrity agreements, 
develops model compliance plans, renders advisory opinions on OIG sanctions to the health care 
community, and issues fraud alerts and other industry guidance.  EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 
PURPOSE 
To describe the extent, characteristics, reasons for, and impact of hospital closures in 2000. 
BACKGROUND 
The closure of hospitals in past years has generated public and congressional concern. We 
released a report in May 1989 describing the nationwide phenomenon of hospital closures in 
1987. Subsequently, we issued annual reports for hospital closures from 1988 through 1999. 
The findings from all the OIG studies of hospital closures are similar. The hospitals that closed 
were smaller and had lower occupancy rates than the national averages. When the hospitals 
closed, few patients were affected. Most patients could get medical care nearby. 
FINDINGS 
Our inspection of hospital closures in 2000 produced findings similar to those previously 
reported for 1987-1999. 
	 Sixty-four general, short-term, acute care hospitals closed in 2000 -- 1.4 percent of all 
hospitals. 
	 The same number of hospitals closed in 2000 as in 1999; however, 29 hospitals 
opened or reopened in 2000, seven more than in 1999. 
	 Twenty-two of the hospitals that closed were located in rural areas and 42 were 
located in urban areas. 
	 The average size of rural hospitals that closed was similar to that of the national 
average. Urban hospitals that closed were smaller in size when compared to the 
national average. 
Rural hospitals that closed had an average of 64 beds as compared to an 
average of 65 beds for all rural hospitals nationally. 
1 
Hospital Closure: 2000  OEI-04-02-00010  Urban hospitals that closed had an average of 161 beds as compared to an 
average of 231 beds for all urban hospitals nationally. 
	 Occupancy rates for closed rural and urban hospitals were lower on average than the 
national averages. 
Rural hospitals that closed had an average occupancy rate of 35.1 percent, 
slightly lower than the average of 38.6 percent for all rural hospitals nationally. 
The average daily census in the year prior to closure was about 23 patients. 
Urban hospitals that closed had an average occupancy rate of 43 percent 
compared to an average of 58 percent for all urban hospitals nationally.  The 
average daily census in the year prior to closure was about 69 patients. 
	 Medicare utilization in closed rural hospitals was lower than the national average. In 
urban hospitals that closed, Medicare utilization was higher than the national average. 
In rural areas, the average Medicare utilization among hospitals that closed was 
52.9 percent compared to an average of 56.1 percent for all rural hospitals 
nationally. About 12 Medicare patients were in the hospital on an average day 
in the year prior to closure. 
In urban areas, the average Medicare utilization among hospitals that closed 
was 46.5 percent compared to an average of 39.9 percent for all urban 
hospitals nationally. About 32 Medicare patients were in the hospital on an 
average day in the year prior to closure. 
	 Medicaid utilization in closed rural hospitals was higher than the national average. In 
urban hospitals that closed, Medicaid utilization was lower than the national average. 
In rural areas, the average Medicaid utilization among hospitals that closed was 
17 percent compared to an average of 12.7 percent for all rural hospitals 
nationally. About four Medicaid patients were in the hospital on an average 
day in the year prior to closure. 
In urban areas, the average Medicaid utilization among hospitals that closed 
was 10.4 percent compared to an average of 13.7 percent for all urban 
hospitals nationally. About seven Medicaid patients were in the hospital on an 
average day in the year prior to closure. 
2 
Hospital Closure: 2000  OEI-04-02-00010  	 Many factors caused hospitals to close. The most common reason reported for closure 
was financial problems brought on by factors such as low occupancy and competition. 
Hospital reorganizations and mergers accounted for 19 of the closures.  Hospital 
administrators, former owners, general counsel, city managers, and others provided the 
reasons for closure. 
	 Officials in only 2 of the 64 hospitals that closed included Medicare and Medicaid 
reimbursement reductions as a reason for closure. Neither, however claimed it to be 
the sole reason. 
	 Emergency and inpatient medical care was generally available within 10 miles of a 
closed hospital. 
	 At the time of our inspection, 20 of the 64 closed hospital facilities (31 percent) were 
being used for health-related services such as outpatient facilities, health clinics or 
rehabilitation facilities. Also, plans were being made to use 4 of the remaining 44 
closed hospitals for health-related services. 
3 
Hospital Closure: 2000  OEI-04-02-00010  TABLE OF CONTENTS 
PAGE 
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ..................................................... 1

INTRODUCTION ............................................................ 5

FINDINGS

Extent and Characteristics of Closed Hospitals  ...................................7

How Many Closed.................................................. 7

The Effect on Bed Supply  ............................................8

Where They Were ..................................................8

What They Were Like ...............................................8

Reasons for Hospital Closure ...............................................12

Impact of Hospital Closure ................................................. 12

How Many Patients Were Affected  ....................................12

What Inpatient Care and Emergency Services Are Available .................. 13

What the Building Is Used for Now  ....................................15

APPENDICES 
A. Methodology......................................................... 16

B.  Number of Hospital Closures by State  .....................................17

C.  Hospital Closures by Name and Location ...................................18

D. Hospital Openings and Reopenings by Name and Location ......................20

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS .................................................... 21

4 
Hospital Closure: 2000  OEI-04-02-00010  INTRODUCTION 
PURPOSE 
To describe the extent, characteristics, reasons for, and impact of hospital closures in 2000. 
BACKGROUND 
In the late 1980s, closure of general, acute care hospitals generated public and congressional 
concern.  Numerous questions were raised about the impact of hospital closures in the United 
States, as well as implications for public policy. A number of studies predicted that more 
hospitals would close in coming years. 
In response to these concerns, the Office of Inspector General released a report in May 1989 
describing the phenomenon of hospital closure during 1987 in the United States.  We found that 
the hospitals that closed were small and their closing did not severely affect access to care. 
Many users of our 1987 hospital closure study encouraged us to continue year-by-year 
analyses of the phenomenon to detect differences in the rate of hospital closure, and in the 
characteristics and circumstances of hospitals that close. 
Similar inspections on hospital closures in 1988 through 1994 showed a downward trend in the 
number of closures.  Beginning in 1995, the number of hospital closures has generally 
increased. 
5 
Hospital Closure: 2000  OEI-04-02-00010  The findings from the 1987 through 1999 inspections were similar. The hospitals that closed 
were small and had low occupancy rates. When the hospitals closed, few patients were 
affected. Most could get medical care nearby. 
METHODOLOGY 
We examined hospitals that closed in calendar year 2000.  For purposes of this study, we use 
the following definitions. 
Hospital: A facility that provides general, short-term, acute medical and surgical 
inpatient care. 
Closed Hospital: A facility that stopped providing general, short-term, acute inpatient 
care in 2000.  We did not consider a hospital closed if it: 
	 Merged with or was sold to another hospital but the physical plant 
continued to provide inpatient acute care, 
  Converted to critical access status, or 
  Both closed and reopened in 2000 in the same physical plant. 
To determine the extent, reasons for, and impact of hospital closures, we obtained information 
from Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) data bases, State licensing and 
certification agencies, State health planning agencies, State hospital associations, officials 
associated with closed and nearby hospitals, and local public officials. 
We obtained information on the characteristics of all hospitals, including those that closed in 
2000 from the Hospital Cost Report Information System (HCRIS) maintained by CMS. 
Appendix A describes our methodology in further detail. 
____  ____  ____  ____ 
We conducted our inspection between September 2001 and March 2002. We conducted this 
inspection in accordance with the Quality Standards for Inspections issued by the Presidents 
Council on Integrity and Efficiency. 
6 
Hospital Closure: 2000  OEI-04-02-00010  FINDINGS 
Our analysis shows that: 
	 Sixty-four general, short-term, acute care hospitals closed in 2000 -- 1.4 percent of all 
hospitals. 
	 The same number of hospitals closed in 2000 as in 1999; however, 29 hospitals 
opened or reopened, seven more than in 1999. 
	 Rural hospitals that closed were similar in size and occupancy when compared to the 
national average. Urban hospitals were generally smaller and had lower occupancy 
when compared to the national average. 
	 The reasons for and impact of 2000 closures were similar to those of the 1999 
closures. 
	 Although residents of a few communities had to travel greater distances for hospital 
care, most had emergency and inpatient medical care available within 10 miles of a 
closed hospital. 
Extent and characteristics of closed hospitals 
How many closed 
In 2000, there were 4,657 general, short-term, acute care hospitals in the United States entered 
on the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) Hospital Cost Report Information 
System (HCRIS) data base as participating in the Medicare program.  Sixty-four hospitals 
closed in 2000 -- 1.4 percent of all hospitals nationally. 
Number of hospitals in the U.S.  4,657

Number of hospitals that closed in 2000  64  1.4%

While 64 hospitals closed in 2000, 24 new hospitals opened and 5 previously closed hospitals 
reopened. In comparison, 64 hospitals closed in 1999, 20 new hospitals opened and 2 
previously closed hospitals reopened.  The net effect was a decrease in 2000 hospital closures 
(35 hospitals) when compared to the 1999 closures (42 hospitals). 
7 
Hospital Closure: 2000  OEI-04-02-00010  The effect on bed supply 
Closure of the 64 general, acute care hospitals reduced 2000 inpatient bed supply by 8,175 
beds, or 1.1 percent. 
Number of inpatient beds in the U.S.  728,902

Inpatient beds in hospitals that closed in 2000  8,175  1.1%

The 29 hospital openings and reopenings, however, added 1,590 beds and 217 beds 
respectively. Therefore, the net reduction to the 2000 inpatient bed supply was 6,368 beds.  In 
comparison, the net reduction to the 1999 inpatient bed supply was 3,376 beds. 
Where they were 
The closed hospitals were located in 28 States. California had the greatest number of closures 
(8), followed by Ohio (7), Texas (6), Michigan (5), Pennsylvania (4), Missouri (3), Tennessee 
(3), and Wisconsin (3).  The remaining 20 States had 1 or 2 closures each.  Appendix B lists 
the number of hospital closures by State. Appendix C lists the closures by location. 
Twenty-two of the closed hospitals were located in rural areas and 42 were located in  urban 
areas. 
RURAL  URBAN 
Hospitals in the U.S.:  2,093  2,564 
Closed in 2000  22  1.1%  42  1.6% 
What they were like 
Size: Combined, rural and urban hospitals that closed in 2000 were smaller, on average, than 
the national average size. The average number of beds for hospitals nationwide is 157. About 
75 percent of the hospitals that closed had fewer beds than the national average. Furthermore, 
over half (56 percent) of the hospitals that closed had 100 beds or fewer. In contrast, 25 
percent of the closed hospitals had more beds than the national average. 
8 
Hospital Closure: 2000  OEI-04-02-00010  SIZE OF CLOSED HOSPITALS 
Number of Closed Hospitals 
Rural  Urban  Total  Percent 
Number of Beds 
0 - 30  6  2  8  13% 
31 - 50  10  5  15  23% 
51 - 100  2  11  13  20% 
101 - 150  0  11  11  17% 
151 - 200  3  5  8  13% 
201 - 300  1  4  5  8% 
301 >  0  4  4  6% 
Totals  22  42  64  100% 
Rural hospitals that closed, however, where comparable in size to the national average for rural 
hospitals. They had an average of 64 beds compared to an average of 65 beds for all rural 
hospitals nationally. Urban hospitals that closed were smaller than the national average. They 
had an average of 161 beds compared to an average of 231 beds for all urban hospitals 
nationally. Four urban hospitals each had over 300 beds. They averaged 619 beds with the 
largest, located in Memphis, Tennessee, having over 1,100 beds. 
9 
Hospital Closure: 2000  OEI-04-02-00010  Occupancy: Occupancy rates for closed rural and urban hospitals were lower on average 
than the national averages.1 
Rural hospitals that closed had an average occupancy rate of 35.1 percent, slightly lower than 
the average of 38.6 percent for all rural hospitals nationally.  The average daily census in the 
year prior to closure was about 23 patients versus the national average of 25 patients. 
Urban hospitals that closed had an average occupancy rate of 43 percent compared to an 
average of 58 percent for all urban hospitals nationally.  The average daily census in the year 
prior to closure was about 69 patients versus the national average of 127 patients. 
Medicare Utilization: The average Medicare utilization among rural hospitals that closed was 
lower than the national average. Urban hospitals that closed, however, had a higher Medicare 
utilization than the national average.2 
In rural areas, the average Medicare utilization among hospitals that closed was 52.9 percent 
compared to an average of 56.1 percent for all rural hospitals nationally. About 12 Medicare 
patients were in the hospital on an average day in the year prior to closure. 
1
 Hospital occupancy rate is defined as the actual number of patient days divided by the total bed days 
available. National average occupancy rate is defined as the sum of all hospitals occupancy rates, divided by the 
number of hospitals. 
2
 Average Medicare utilization in closed hospitals is defined as the percent of Medicare patient days 
compared to the total patient days for each hospital, summed and divided by the number of hospitals. National 
average Medicare utilization is the percent of Medicare utilization of each hospital, summed and divided by the total 
number of hospitals. 
10 
Hospital Closure: 2000  OEI-04-02-00010  In urban areas, the average Medicare utilization among hospitals that closed was 46.5 percent 
compared to an average of 39.9 percent for all urban hospitals nationally.  About 32 Medicare 
patients were in the hospital on an average day in the year prior to closure. 
Medicaid Utilization: The average Medicaid utilization among rural hospitals that closed was 
higher than the national average.  In contrast, the Medicaid utilization for urban hospitals that 
closed was slightly lower than the national average.3 
In rural areas, the average Medicaid utilization among hospitals that closed was 17 percent 
compared to an average of 12.7 percent for all rural hospitals nationally.  About four Medicaid 
patients were in the hospital on an average day in the year prior to closure. 
In urban areas, the average Medicaid utilization among hospitals that closed was 10.4 percent 
compared to an average of 13.7 percent for all urban hospitals nationally. About seven 
Medicaid patients were in the hospital on an average day in the year prior to closure. 
3
 Medicaid utilization is calculated in the same way as Medicare utilization. 
11 
Hospital Closure: 2000  OEI-04-02-00010 Reasons for hospital closure 
The officials we interviewed reported many reasons for hospital closure. The most often 
reported reason was financial problems resulting from factors such as low occupancy and 
competition. Hospital reorganizations and mergers accounted for 19 of the hospital closures. 
Officials in only 2 of the 64 hospitals that closed included Medicare and Medicaid 
reimbursement reductions as a reason for closure. Neither, however claimed it to be the sole 
reason. For example, one hospital in California reported to have closed based on competition 
and an outdated building in addition to insufficient Medicare/Medicaid reimbursement. 
Fourteen hospitals closed in order to open thirteen new facilities. For example, in Idaho, two 
hospitals under the same ownership were closed and replaced by one new centrally located 
hospital.  The remaining 12 facilities closed their old locations and opened new upgraded 
hospitals. 
Impact of hospital closures 
In communities where hospitals closed in 2000, we determined the 
  number of patients affected by closure of hospitals, 
  availability of inpatient care and emergency medical services, and 
  current use of closed hospital facilities. 
How many patients were affected 
For rural hospitals that closed in 2000, the average daily census in the year prior to closure was 
about 23 patients. The urban hospitals that closed had an average daily census of about 69 
patients. 
WHEN HOSPITALS CLOSED, 
HOW MANY PATIENTS WERE AFFECTED? 
Rural Hospitals  Urban Hospitals 
Average Number of Beds  64.22  161.01 
Average Occupancy Rate  x 35.05%  x 43.02% 
Average Number of Patients  22.51  69.26
12 
Hospital Closure: 2000  OEI-04-02-00010  We analyzed Medicare utilization data to determine the number of elderly patients affected by 
hospital closure in 2000. In rural hospitals that closed, about 12 Medicare patients were in the 
hospital on an average day in the year prior to closure. In the urban hospitals that closed, about 
32 Medicare patients were in the hospital on an average day. 
WHEN HOSPITALS CLOSED, 
HOW MANY MEDICARE PATIENTS WERE AFFECTED? 
Rural Hospitals  Urban Hospitals 
Average Patient Census  22.51  69.26 
Average Medicare Utilization Rate  x 52.93%  x46.47% 
Average Number Medicare Patients  11.91  32.19 
What inpatient care and emergency services are available 
Inpatient Care: In most communities where a hospital closed in 2000, inpatient hospital care 
was available nearby.4 
NEAREST INPATIENT CARE TO CLOSED HOSPITALS 
NUMBER OF CLOSED 
HOSPITALS 
DISTANCE  RURAL  URBAN 
Within 3 Miles  11  50.0%  22  52.4% 
4-10 Miles  4  18.2%  16  38.1% 
11-20 Miles  4  18.2%  4  9.5% 
21-30 Miles  2  9.1%  0  0.0% 
More than 30 Miles  1  4.5%  0  0.0% 
Totals  22  100.0%  42  100.0% 
4 
We assessed availability of inpatient medical care in miles from a closed hospital to the nearest inpatient 
facility. 
13 
Hospital Closure: 2000  OEI-04-02-00010  Rural Areas: Residents in 19 of the 22 rural communities (86 percent) where a hospital closed 
could get inpatient hospital care within 20 miles of the closed hospital. Residents of only one 
community had to travel in excess of 30 miles to receive inpatient care.  The residents of Lusk, 
Wyoming had to travel 55 miles. 
Urban Areas: In 38 of the 42 urban communities (90 percent) where a hospital closed in 
2000, residents could get inpatient hospital care within 10 miles of the closed hospital. 
Residents in all 42 urban communities where a hospital closed could get inpatient care within 20 
miles of the closed hospital. 
Emergency Services: When a hospital closed, the community lost not only inpatient beds, 
but also 24-hour emergency services.5 
Rural Areas: In 20 of the 22 rural communities (91 percent) where a hospital closed in 2000, 
emergency care facilities were available within 20 miles of the closed hospital.  Of the remaining 
two rural communities where a hospital closed, emergency care for Pomeroy, Ohio was 
available 22 miles from the closed hospital. For Lusk, Wyoming, 24-hour emergency care was 
available 55 miles from the closed hospital. 
Urban Areas: Emergency care facilities were available within 10 miles of the closed hospital in 
38 of the 42 urban communities (90 percent) where a hospital closed in 2000.  The remaining 
four urban communities had emergency care within 20 miles. 
NEAREST EMERGENCY SERVICES TO CLOSED HOSPITALS 
NUMBER OF CLOSED 
HOSPITALS 
DISTANCE  Rural  Urban 
Within 3 Miles  12  54.5%  21  50.0% 
4-10 Miles  4  18.2%  17  40.5% 
11-20 Miles  4  18.2%  4  9.5% 
21-30 Miles  1  4.5%  0  0.0% 
More than 30 Miles  1  4.5%  0  0.0% 
Totals  22  100.0%  42  100.0% 
5 
We assessed availability of emergency medical care in miles from a closed hospital to the nearest 
emergency facility. 
14 
Hospital Closure: 2000  OEI-04-02-00010  What the building is used for now 
At the time of our inspection, 20 of the 64 closed hospital facilities (31 percent) were being 
used for health-related services. For example: 
	 Niobrara County Hospital in Lusk, Wyoming along with five other closed hospitals now 
serve as health clinics. 
	 Community Hospital and Medical Center in Crystal Falls, Michigan along with five 
other closed hospitals became outpatient facilities. 
  Doctors Hospital in Tulsa, Oklahoma became a mental health treatment facility. 
	 St. Jerome Hospital in Batavia, New York became a rehabilitation center and is also 
used for radiology and lab work. 
Of the closed hospital facilities that were not being used for health-related services, plans were 
being made to use four for health-related services in the future. 
15 
Hospital Closure: 2000  OEI-04-02-00010  APPENDIX A 
METHODOLOGY 
Extent of Hospital Closure 
To determine how many hospitals closed in 2000, we compiled Centers for Medicare and Medicaid 
Services (CMS) data on terminated hospitals in 2000.  To supplement the data, we contacted State 
licensing and certification agencies, State hospital associations, and State health planning agencies. 
When a closed hospital met the study definition or when questions arose, we surveyed officials 
associated with the closed hospitals, officials associated with hospitals nearest to the closed hospital, 
and local public officials. 
To quantify the number of hospitals in the United States, we used the Hospital Cost Report Information 
System (HCRIS) maintained by CMS.  We included only general, short-term, acute care hospitals 
under Medicare's Prospective Payment System (PPS) in the universe.  There were 4,657 hospitals 
listed on HCRIS as short-term, acute care, general hospitals for 2000. 
Characteristics of Hospital Closure 
We used the latest pre-closure cost reports to analyze closed hospital characteristics. For example, if a 
hospital closed in May 2000 and its accounting year was on a January-December cycle, we used the 
hospital's January 1, 1999 to December 31, 1999 cost report. 
Reasons for and Impact of Hospital Closure 
To document the reasons for and impact of hospital closure we interviewed knowledgeable officials 
related to the closed hospitals.  Such officials included: 
  Former hospital administrators, board members, and/or staff of closed hospitals, 
  Hospital administrators and/or staff at the nearest hospitals, 
  Local health and government officials, and 
  Officials associated with closed hospital parent corporations. 
For our impact analysis, we determined the distance from a closed hospital to the nearest still-
operating hospital and to emergency service.  In addition, we used the HCRIS to determine how many 
patients, including Medicare and Medicaid, were displaced by the closures. 
16 
Hospital Closure: 2000  OEI-04-02-00010  APPENDIX B 
2000 HOSPITAL CLOSURES - RANKED BY STATE 
State  Total Closures  Rural Closures  Urban Closures 
California  8  1  7 
Ohio  7  3  4 
Texas  6  1  5 
Michigan  5  2  3 
Pennsylvania  4  0  4 
Missouri  3  0  3 
Tennessee  3  1  2 
Wisconsin  3  0  3 
Iowa  2  2  0 
Idaho  2  2  0 
Illinois  2  0  2 
New Jersey  2  0  2 
New York  2  1  1 
Arizona  1  0  1 
Georgia  1  1  0 
Indiana  1  0  1 
Maryland  1  1  0 
Minnesota  1  1  0 
North Carolina  1  1  0 
Nebraska  1  1  0 
Oklahoma  1  0  1 
Oregon  1  1  0 
South Carolina  1  0  1 
Utah  1  1  0 
Virginia  1  0  1 
Washington  1  0  1 
West Virginia  1  1  0 
Wyoming  1  1  0 
28 States  64  22  42 
17 
Hospital Closure: 2000  OEI-04-02-00010  APPENDIX C 
2000 HOSPITAL CLOSURES BY NAME AND LOCATION 
Rural/ 
Hospital Name  City  State  Urban 
Tucson General Hospital  Tucson  AZ  Urban 
Bay Harbor Hospital  Harbor City  CA  Urban 
Lindsay District Hospital  Lindsay  CA  Urban 
Long Beach Community Medical Center  Long Beach  CA  Urban 
Martin Luther Hospital  Anaheim  CA  Urban 
Mercy American River Hospital  Carmichael  CA  Urban 
Mission Bay Hospital  San Diego  CA  Urban 
Scripps Hospital-East County  El Cajon  CA  Urban 
Sutter Amador Hospital  Jackson  CA  Rural 
Bulloch Memorial Hospital  Statesboro  GA  Rural 
Burlington Medical Center  Burlington  IA  Rural 
Eldora Regional Medical Center  Eldora  IA  Rural 
Wood River Medical Center-Hailey  Hailey  ID  Rural 
Wood River Medical Center-Sun Valley  Sun Valley  ID  Rural 
Doctors Hospital of Hyde Park  Chicago  IL  Urban 
Wood River Township Hospital  Wood River  IL  Urban 
Huntington Memorial Hospital  Huntington  IN  Urban 
Fallston General Hospital  Fallston  MD  Rural 
Community Hospital and Medical Center  Crystal Falls  MI  Rural 
Greater Detroit Medical Center  Detroit  MI  Urban 
Mercy Hospital  Detroit  MI  Urban 
Oakwood Hospital-Beyer Center  Ypsilanti  MI  Urban 
Portage Health System  Hancock  MI  Rural 
Bridges Medical Services  Ada  MN  Rural 
Bethesda General Hospital  St. Louis  MO  Urban 
Compton Heights Hospital  St. Louis  MO  Urban 
Normandy Community Hospital  St. Louis  MO  Urban 
Hamlet Hospital  Hamlet  NC  Rural 
Ogallala Community Hospital  Ogallala  NE  Rural 
Meridian Health System at Point Pleasant  Point Pleasant  NJ  Urban 
West Jersey Hospital  Camden  NJ  Urban 
Massapequa General Hospital  Seaford  NY  Urban 
St. Jerome Hospital  Batavia  NY  Rural 
18 
Hospital Closure: 2000  OEI-04-02-00010  APPENDIX C 
2000 HOSPITAL CLOSURES BY NAME AND LOCATION - CONTINUED 
Rural/ 
Hospital Name  City  State  Urban 
Bethesda Oak Hospital  Cincinnati  OH  Urban 
Franciscan Medical Center  Dayton  OH  Urban 
Oak Hill Community Medical Center  Oak Hill  OH  Rural 
PHS-Mount Sinai Medical Center  Cleveland  OH  Urban 
Southern Ohio Medical Center-Mercy  Portsmouth  OH  Rural 
Veterans Memorial Hospital  Pomeroy  OH  Rural 
Youngstown Osteopathic Hospital  Youngstown  OH  Urban 
Doctors Hospital  Tulsa  OK  Urban 
Douglas Community Medical Center  Roseburg  OR  Rural 
Citizens General Hospital  New Kensington  PA  Urban 
City Avenue Hospital  Philadelphia  PA  Urban 
John F. Kennedy Memorial Hospital  Philadelphia  PA  Urban 
St. Francis Central Hospital  Pittsburgh  PA  Urban 
Low Country General Hospital  Ridgeland  SC  Urban 
Baptist Memorial Hospital-Medical Center  Memphis  TN  Urban 
Centennial Medical Center- Ashland City  Ashland City  TN  Rural 
Nashville Memorial Hospital  Madison  TN  Urban 
Brooks Hospital Inc.  Atlanta  TX  Rural 
Columbia Rosewood Medical Center  Houston  TX  Urban 
Dallas/Fort Worth Medical Center  Grand Prarie  TX  Urban 
Doctors Memorial Hospital  Tyler  TX  Urban 
Medical Center of Winnie  Winnie  TX  Urban 
Tri City Health Center  Dallas  TX  Urban 
Beaver Valley Hospital  Beaver  UT  Rural 
Bon Secours Stuart Circle Hospital  Richmond  VA  Urban 
Pugent Sound Hospital  Tacoma  WA  Urban 
Northwest General Hospital  Milwaukee  WI  Urban 
St. Catherines Hospital  Kenosha  WI  Urban 
Two Rivers Community Hospital  Two Rivers  WI  Urban 
Man Appalachian Regional Hospital  Man  WV  Rural 
Niobrara County Hospital  Lusk  WY  Rural 
19 
Hospital Closure: 2000  OEI-04-02-00010  APPENDIX D 
2000 HOSPITAL OPENINGS AND REOPENINGS BY NAME AND LOCATION 
Rural/ 
Hospital Name  City  State  Urban 
Stanislaus Surgical Hospital  Modesto  CA  Urban 
Sutter Amador Hospital  Jackson  CA  Rural 
East Georgia Regional Medical Center  Statesboro  GA  Rural 
Great River Medical Center  West Burlington  IA  Rural 
St. Lukes Wood River Medical Center  Ketchum  ID  Rural 
Huntington Memorial Hospital  Huntington  IN  Urban 
Physicians Surgical Specialty Hospital  Houma  LA  Rural 
Upper Chesapeake Medical Center  Bel Air  MD  Urban 
Portage Health System  Hancock  MI  Rural 
Bridges Medical Services  Ada  MN  Rural 
Healtheast Woodwinds Hospital  Woodbury  MN  Urban 
Doctors Hospital of Springfield  Springfield  MO  Urban 
Sandhills Regional Medical Center  Hamlet  NC  Rural 
Innovis Hospital  Fargo  ND  Rural 
Humbolt Healthcare Inc.  Humbolt  NE  Rural 
Ogallala Community Hospital  Ogallala  NE  Rural 
Roosevelt General Hospital  Portales  NM  Rural 
St. Rose Dominican Hospital-Sienna Campus  Henderson  NV  Urban 
Cottage Grove Community Hospital  Cottage Grove  OR  Urban 
Spearfish Surgery Center  Spearfish  SD  Rural 
Skyline Medical Center  Nashville  TN  Urban 
Christus St. Catherine Hospital  Katy  TX  Rural 
Methodist Willowbrook Hospital  Houston  TX  Urban 
The Physicians Center  Bryon  TX  Rural 
Beaver Valley Hospital  Beaver  UT  Rural 
Cache Valley Specialty Hospital  North Logan  UT  Rural 
Rocky Mountain Medical Center  Salt Lake City  UT  Urban 
Aurora Medical Center  Two Rivers  WI  Urban 
Southern Bighorn County Hospital  Basin  WY  Rural 
20 
Hospital Closure: 2000  OEI-04-02-00010  A C K N O W L E D G M E N T S  
This report was prepared under the direction of Jesse J. Flowers, Regional Inspector General for 
Evaluation and Inspections in the Atlanta Regional Office and Graham D. Rawsthorn, Assistant 
Regional Inspector General.  Other principal Office of Evaluation and Inspections staff who contributed 
include: 
Kevin Lawrence, Project Leader  Tricia Davis, Program Specialist 
Technical Assistance 
Linda Moscoe, Program Analyst 
21 
Hospital Closure: 2000  OEI-04-02-00010