STATE PROGRA 
PROVIDE SHELTBR AN TBMPORAY HOUSIBG PaR PAHILIES 
A Management Advisory Report

Richard P. Kusserov  Jun. 1919  I 

Inspector General

Control 'OAI-07-19-01300
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. " _.. """"'" --_" ..........._ --_.. . ----_._ .. -  '._.._. .- -.--._---_.__. -
""'4.--,,. 
STATE PROGRA TO PROVIDE SHBLTER 
TBHPORAY HOUSIBG POR PAHILIES 
A Management Advisory Report

OBJECTIVES 
The objective of this inspection was to determine the types,

cost, and funding sources for state sponsored shelter and

temporary housing programs for homeless families. 
This inspection was requested by the working group formed to

respond to a congressional request for a study on the use of Aid

to Families with Dependent Children Emergency Assistance funds to

pay for long-term shelter for homeless families.

BACKGROmm 
AID TO FAMILIES WITH DEPENDENT CHILDREN

The Aid to Families With Dependent Children program 
(AFDC) is an

open ended entitlement program designed to provide assistance to 
needy famil ies. It is jointly funded by the Federal Governent
and the States. The Federal matching rate ranges from 50 to 80
percent. 
Total Federal AFDC expenditures for Fiscal Year 1988
were $9. 1 billion; total State expenditures were $7.
5 billion.
Two components under AFDC which offer additional assistance are 
Emergency Assistance and Special Needs. 
Emergency Assistance was established by Congress to provide

families who have undergone an immediate crisis with 
immediate,
critically needed assistance. 
CUrrent law limits it to 30 days
in any 12 month period. 
States can receive Federal funding for
such services even if the families are not participating in the

regular AFDC program. 
Federal funding to States is available at

a matching rate of 50 percent. 

Special Needs funding provides items which the State determines 
all. 
are essential for some people, but not for 
In this program I 

there are no Federal limitations on the kinds of items or 
services that can be paid for nor on the duration of time that
they are covered. 
families.  However, benefits are limited to AFDC
States receive the regular AFDC Federal matching rate 
(50 to 80 percent) for Special Needs programs.  '- - 
...
/-'
OIG AUDIT REPORT ON AFDC-EMRGENCY ASSISTANCE 
In September of 1987, the Office of Inspector General (OIG)
released an audit "Review of the 30-Day Payment Period for

Emergency Assistance.  The audit noted that despite applicable

legislation limiting Emergency Assistance payments to no more

pthan e30 darys,i Foederadl reg.ula tions are vague and allow Emergency

Assistance coverage of emergency needs for more than 30 days.
For example, the regulations allow payment of several months of

back rent if the payments themselves are only made in one 30 day

The audit estimated that New York and Massachusetts alone spent

at least $36 million ($18 million Federal share) in Fiscal Year

1986 for Emergency Assistance benefits which were beyond the 30

day limitation. Further, based on Fiscal Year 1987 estimates of

Emergency Assistance expenditures, the OIG projected that

Massachusetts and New York will pay $220 million over the next 5

years 
(Federal share $110 million) for benefits beyond the 
statutory 30-day limitation.

The audit recommended that the Family Support Administration

(FSA) revise current Emergency Assistance regulations to comply

wi th the existing statute. The FSA agreed with the OIG
recommendation and published a notice of proposed rulemaking to

limit benefits to 30 days.

RECENT CONGRESSIONAL ACTION

In 1987, Congress passed legislation which placed a one-year
moratorium on the implementation of that regulation. In 
November 
of 1988, in P.L. 100-628, Congress renewed the moratorium and 
required the Secretary of Health and Human Services (HH) to
conduct a study covering leqislati 
ve and regulatory changes
designed to .( 1) improve the ability of the Emergency Assistance 
program to respond to the needs of families who are eligible for 
such aid and (2) eliminate the use of funds provided to States 
under Emergency Assistance to pay for the provision of shelter in 
facilities. 
commercial or similar transient 
the. 
':.a  ried ocf'o nregrpersessieonnatla triveequse ostf  tfhoe! ; a report, a work
HHS Office of the 
Assistant Secretary for Planning and Evaluation, the Family 
Support Administration, the Department of Housing and Urban 
Development, and the Interagency Council on the Homeless. 
The work group requested that the OIG obtain information abou 
the sources of funding for temporary housing for homeless 
families other than AFDC funds.  ; .
HBTIODOLOGY 
REQUEST FOR STUDY

The work group specifically requested that the OIG gather

information on shelter or temporary housing programs for homeless

families from a purposive sample of State governments. 
The work 
group requested that the sample include only States which have 
significant homeless problems and have developed and organized 
substantial shelter and temporary housing programs. The sample 
was also selected to include variations in States' known reliance 
funds. 
on Emergency Assistance and Special Needs 
Based on these 
criteria, the following States were selected: California,
Connecticut, Illinois, Massachusetts, New York, and Pennsylvania. 
The work group also requested that the OIG determine what types

of programs these States are sponsoring, how much they 
cost, and

what sources of funding they use to support them.

STUDY DESIGN

Contacts were made with governors' offices to identify the staff

contacts. who could provide 
complete information concerning the
various programs for the homeless. Data collection instruents 
States. 
were then sent to each contact in the six 
Each State was 
asked to provide information about programs which: 
provide shelter or temporary housing benefits, and 
are sponsored, regulated, or financed in' whole or 
part by
the State government. 
STUDY LIMITATIONS 
No information was requested about programs operated within a 
governent or private charity 
State by a local  unless that entity
received direction or support from the State governent. 
Similarly, no information was requested about programs which do 
not provide shelter or temporary housing--e. g. medical
assistance, jOb counseling, etc. However, if such services were 
provided in connection with a shelter or temporary housing 
program , information about these services was collected. 
Finally, no information was requested about program which do not 
serve families. However, if a program served both families and 
unrelated individuals, it was included in the survey. 
For all the above reasons, the study understates the total effort

being made within each State on behalf of the homeless.
 ~~~
Some of the information collected from the States may not be 
totally reliable due to limitations on information and reporting 
systems available to the State agencies and the tight time
restraints of this study. 
Other data was either unknown or not 
available in the States.

Efforts were made to resolve obvious discrepancies in the data
recei ved from the 
sampled States, but the information was not
subj ected to an audit. Rather, the goal was to sketch out in
broad terms a picture of how State sponsored shelter and 
temporary housing programs are funded. 
Finally, because the six States sample was chosen purposively

rather than randomly, the results in this report are not

necessarily representative of all States.
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PIBDIBGS 
THE STATES WE INTERVIEWED AR ALL TAKING AN AGGRESSIVE LED IN
THE EFFORT TO PRENT AND RELIEVE HOMELESSNESS 
The States reported a total of 54 programs that are designed 
to provide shelter or temporary housing for
. homeless 
families. The total Federal, State, local and private 
funding for these programs amount to $346 million. The 
majority of the funding (64 percent) comes from State and

local government or private charities.

The Federal Government provides $126 million, or 36 percent,
of all the funds for the programs in our survey. 
Exhibit 1 describes the total funding for
studied.  the State programs
Exhibi t 2 describes the sources of funding
associated with just those State programs
that receive some

Federal funding. 
:XHIBIT 1: FUNDING SORCES FOR STATE HOMLESS PROG 
** * A a A *  * * . a * * A *  * * * a A a a* 
FUND I NG SORCE  CALIFORNIA  ILLINOIS  MASSACHUSETTS  NEW YORK  PENNSYL VAN IA  CONECTI CUT  TOTAL

**** a ** *. .

OTAL FUNDING ASSOIATED  858 285  639  186  16,585  166  1140 958 267  227  117 607 150  1273 092 281
WITH FEDERAL PROGRAS 
THER FUNDING - NOT

'SSOCIATED WITH

FEDERAL PROGS 
State Fl.ing 
322, 181  653  120 273 771  116 205  164  122 127 441  171  989 210 
ocal Fl.ing 
1150 000  1285 967
 1435 967

I -

Irivate Sector Fl.ing 
1902 750 
1902 , 750 
ITAL OTHER FUNDING  17,472, 181  16,96,403  120 559, 73  116, 205  164  122. 127. 441  173 327 927 
***** a a * * a A 
:AND TOTAL. FUNDING  330 46 110 602 589  585, 166 1161 518 005  124 649 391  139  591  1346 420 208
OR HOMELESS PROGRAS  ...,**.**_**-**-***-**-*-******-****-**--****_**.*.***.*_**-****-*-*-****-*-***-**-**_****..**.*.***._*****-*-**-***-*-** -**--**-**-*-****-**-**--**-**-**--**-**--**-**--***-*--***-*--.-*****-*-**-**-*-***-*-**-**-*-**-**-*-**-**--****-*-_*****..*_****--***_**.**.*_**.**_******-**-**-*-******-**_***._***-**-**-*********..**..*.*...***.*.* ******************************************************** **********************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************.***.****************************-***************-******
:XHISIT 2: FUNDING SOURCES FOR STATE HOMLESS PROGRAS THAT RECEIVE FEDERAL ASSISTANCE 
FUND I NG SORCE  CALI FORN I A  ILLINOIS  MASSACHUSETTS  NEW YORK  PENNSYLVANIA  CONECTICUT  TOT AL 
:EDERAL FUND I NG 
AFDC Emergeny Assistance  5327 735  519 900 000  521  500 000  511  541  825 
Nee 
AFDC Special  516  189 334  5514 765  200 000  042 743  526 946 842 
Comi ty 
HHS  Servi ce SG  157  $63 000  538 
951  52, 143 435 
HHS Social Services SG 
5150 000  52,  540  52, 178 574  392  114 
HHS Emergeny Com  750 820  187  424  256 267  5314 633  523 910  171  124 
HHS Other Program 
5470 000  5305, 273  881  644  154 
Com Developt 
iUD  5554 900  S4 , 378 
044 278 
IUD Emergeny Shel ter  355 000  $81  740  5300 000  500 000  000 000  5203 940  539 440 680 
IUD Transitionl Houing  $35, 000  521  036  536, 036 
Jther Fedra l Program 
5127 000  5127 000 
ISTOTAL - FEDERAL  521  007 538  714  522 459 166  076 267  09, 523  658  5126 014 488 
A A & 
ATE/LOCAL/PRIVATE FUNDS 
SSOIATED WITH FEDERAL 
ROGRAS FOR HOMLESS 
tate FlIing 
514 570 400  S82, 5oo  $40 436, 000  260, 000  53, 338, 492  915 453  5105 362, 845 
ocal Funing 
618 934  536 622, 000  5507 212  533, 649  538 781 
I 
rivate Sector Funi ng  661  413  $81  740  5690 000  5500 000  52, 933, 153 
TOTAL -- STATE/LOCL  517 850 747  5924 240  $41  126, 000  574 88,  345  949 102  5147 077 793 
AND PRIVATE 
*A. & A aa a a  *** * *A* * a a a a 
fAL -- ALL FUNDING  538 858 285  639 186  16,585, 166 5140 958, 267  $8,  227  517 607 150  5273 092, 281 
ASSOCIATED WITH 
FEDERAL PROGRAMS  We also found that the vast majority of these programs, 46 out of 
54, combine additional benefits with shelter or temporary
housing. 
These include food, clothing, social services, medical
assistance, transportation, job counseling, and loans or legal

assistance to prevent homelessness. Narrative descriptions of
these programs are contained in the appendix to this report.

AFDC EMRGENCY ASSISTANCE AND SPECIAL NEEDS FUDS 
PARTICULALY IMPORTANT TO THE EFFORTS OF THE STATES IN OUR 
SURVEY. 
The largest of all Federal funding sources is the AFDC

Emergency Assistance program totalling $42 million. The

other AFDC component included in our survey is Special

million. 
Needs, totalling $27  Total Federal funding for

both AFDC programs amount to $69 million, or 55 percent of

the Federal funds spent on all homeless programs in this

survey. 
The State portion of the AFDC support$d programs amounts t9

$58 million and the local funding is $14 million. 
With the

$69 million of Federal funds, the total costs of these

programs is $141 million. This is 41 percent of all funding

provided for the programs studied. 
Four States in our study--Illinois, Massachusetts, New 
York,

and pennsyl vania--use Emergency Assistance funds in a total

of 7 programs. The primary benefits are emergency shelter

or temporary housing. Additional benefits include paYments

for food, clothing, social services, emergency medical

services 
, transportation, and household equipment and

supplies. 
Total Federal, state  local government
spending is $92 million.

Four of the sampled States use Special Needs funds in a

total of 4 programs that provide a variety of services which

are nearly identical to Emergency Assistance benefits.

These States reported that the primary Special Needs

benefi ts include emergency shelter, hotels, motels, shelters

while the family locates permanent housing, and supplemental

rental paYments. Additional benefits include social

services, meals, moving expenses, clothing, furniture, 
I 

appliances, and household supplies. The States reported

total Federal, State, and local spending of $49 million. 
The HHS Emergency Community Block Grant program and the HUD

Emergency Shelter Program are the largest dollar Federa 

programs other than the AFDC programs. 
Funding for these

programs are $8 million and $39 million respectively.
 . '
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The chart below shows the proportion of the 
Federal, State,
and Local dollars. 
STATE PROGRAS FOR 
THE HOMELESS 
Funding Sources

Federal 36% 
State and Local 64% 
S%'  20SOT'' 
700 
41%
AFC 
Emergency Assistance 
and Special Needs 
Surey of six 
Sourc  States 
STATES DO HAVE ALTERNATIVES TO TH 
ISTANCE DOLLA  TH  USE OF AFOC EMRGENCY
FOR MORE  30 DAYS OF BENEFITS. 
All six States in our survey have programs that provide

shelter or temporary housing for more than 30 days

, two of them--Massachusetts and New York--use  , but only

Emergency

Assistance for this pUrpose. 
Another option already used by some States is AFOC Special
 I 

Needs funding which, like Emergency Assistance, is an open

ended entitlement. As noted 

previously, the Federal

matching rate for this component is higher for Emergency

Assistance and there is no statutory limit on the 

numer of

days over which services can be provided. 
Two States-

Connecticut and New York--use Special Needs to pay for

benefits for a period in excess of 30 
days.  Other options invol ve Federal programs that are subj 
ect to 
fixed appropriations. We found that the 6 states have a 
total of at least 15 programs that offer shelter benefits in 
excess of 30 days and are completely funded by other than 
AFDC dollars. The duration of benefits for these 15 
programs range from 45 days to 18 months with a median 
days. 
duration of 151  Total funding sources for these 
programs include Federal, state, local and private sources. 
Federal sources of funding provide over half of the total 
funding for these programs. 
Should the use of Emergency Assistance funds be strictly 
limited to benefits provided for 30 days or 
less, the states
could redirect more of their other Federal, 
State, local and
private funds toward assistance over 30 days. 
RECOMMNDATION 
REGULATIONS IMPLENTING THE 30-DAY LIMIT ON AFDC EMRGENCY 
ASSISTANCE SHOULD BE IMPLENTED WITHIN TWO YEA. 
We continue to support our previous recommendation calling 
for a revision to the current AFDC regulations to limit 
emergency assistance benefits for one period of 30 
consecutive days or less in twelve consecutive months. 
However, we recognize that some flexibility may be needed by 
the States to redirect other, more appropriate Federal,
State, and local Government resources to longer term shelter 
programs before the implementation of any revised 
regulations. Given the importance of AFDC funding and the 
fact that some States acted in good faith in following

current regulations, some latitude in implementing time

frames could be considered. . Based on the possible need for
action by State legislatures the phase in period could be as

much as, but need be no greater than 2 years. 
I 
 - $
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APPENIX 
SUES  TI 
IfARTIV  OF  54 PROG 
CA T,TFORNIA 
PR 
BGOEMNE,LE SP AOSS ISTANCE ACT AN AsEMLY BILL 2541 (STATE
BOMELES  - BROIfZA) 
Eliaibil 
Homeless families and individuals who are
18 years and older. 
TYe of Assistance 
Emergency shelters; vouchers for
apartments, hotels, motels; first and last months

rent or back rent; and security deposits are

provided. 
Source of Funds

State 
- $1, 000, 000 
Local  150, 000 
Maximum Duration 90 days

Averaae Duration 
20 days 
EMENCY BOMELES PROG 
Household income is at or below the 
federal poverty guidelines. 
The participants are
eligible to receive Aid to Families with Dependent
Children 
(AFDC) or Federal Supplemental Security
Income (SSI) benefits. 
TYe of Assistance 
Rousing reloction, emergency
shelter, shared housing, rental assistance and loans,
and emergency home repair are provided. 
In addition

to housing, there is job search and development,  I 

transportation, emergency food and food vouchers,
information and referral, vocational training, health 
care subsidies, and child care. 
Source of Funds

Federal - $1, 750, 820 (DDS Emergency Romeless 
Program -
McKinney Act)  I .

OT,TFORHIA , (Cant. 
Maximum Duration 60 days

eraae  Duration  Information not available. 
GtAR 
REAL DEPrI 
Eliaibil 
Homeless families and individuals who are 
residinq in an emergency housing shelter and who have 
a source of income sufficient to pay a monthly rental

payment, but do not have the funds necessary for the

payment of a security deposit. 
Homeless families who

are temporarily residing in a park, car or are

otherwise without shelter shall also be eliqible.

Tve of Assistance 
This program enables grantees to
provide contractual guarantees to landlords for the

paYment of residential rental security deposits for

rental housing.

Source of Funds

state 
- $200, 000 
Duration  Not applicable 
EMGENCY SHELTE 
Grants are made to local governent
. aqencies or nonprofit 
corporations which are current
and continuous providers of temporary shelter or

services to the homeless. This proqram provides

services to homeless families and individuals.

TYe of Assistance 
Acquisition and/or rehabilitation 
or emergency shelter facilities, purchase of
equipment for emerqency shelter, operatinq costs for
shel ters and assistance proqam, vouchers tor 
hotels, motels and other temporary accomocations,
paYment of one month. 
s rent only to prevent I 

eviction. 
Source of Funds

State 
- $4,667, 181 
Durat\. 
Maximum  60 days 
Averaae Duration 
30 days  . '
OT.TFORNIA  (Cont. 
HOMELES MEALY ILL 
Elioibility 
governent
Grants are made to local 
agencies or nonprofit corporations which are current

and continuous providers of temporary shel ter 
services to homeless mentally disabled persons. This

program provides benefits for th. homeless mentally

disabled persons.

Tve of Assistance 
Acquisition and/or rehabilitation 
of emergency shelter facilities, purchase of 
equipment for emergency shelter, operating costs for
shel ters and assistance programs, vouchers for 
hotels, motels and other temporary accomodations, 
paYment of one month's rent only to prevent
eviction. 
Source of Funds

State 
- $1, 455, 000 
Maximum Duration 180 days

Averaoe Duration 
60 days 
GRS 
FEDER EMENCY SHELTE 
Elioibil 
Grants are made to local governents
providing temporary shelter at the location for three

years. This program provides services to homeless

families and individuals.

Tve of Assistance 
Emergency shelter. In addition to 
housing, social services and prevention activities to

the homeless are provided.

Source of Funds

Pederal - $1,355, 000 (RUD Emergency Shelter 
Progam - McKinney Act) 
Private - $1, 661, 413 
Duration 
Information not available. 
. 12
 ' .' . '""" .
o T.TFORHIA  (Cont. 
COTY 
STATE  DEVLOPM BLO 
Grants are made to small cities (less
than 50, 000) and counties 
(less than 200, 000) that
are not entitled(non-entitled) to direct funding from 
the federal Department of Housing and Urban 
Development (RUD)  These non-ent  led jurisdictions
are selected competitively and activities are funded 
through the State. 
This program provides services to

aingle persons as well as families. 
TYe of Assistance 
Emergency shelter. In addition to
housing, other benefits may include food, clothing;
utilities, social services, referrals to other 
services, and transportation. 
Source of Funds

Federal - $554, 900 (RUD - Community
Development Block Grant) 
Maximum DuratlQ 
60 days 
Averaae DuratJJ 
21 days 
GR 
COMMITY SERVICE BLO 
(CSBG) 
Eliaibiltt 
Grants are made to local community groups
assisting the homeless. 
Household income of 
beneficiaries is at or below the federal poverty

guidelines. The participants are eligible to receive

to Families with Dependent Children 

Aid  (AFDC) or

Federal Supplemental Security Income 
(SSI) benefits.

They are residents of an area or members of a qr

with a high incidence of poverty and which is the

specific focus of a project financed by CSBG.

TYe of Assistance 
Housing benefits are: housing
relocation, emergency shelter, shared housing, rental

grants and loans, and other activities to obtain and

maintain adequate housing 
and. a suitable living

environment. 
In addition to housing, other benefit. are: emergency

food; information and referral; crisis intervention;

employment and education assistance; " 
emergency
assistance to .eet immediate and; urgent individual
and family needs (including health and nutrition

needs); assistance in makinq better use of other

programs; assistance in the removal of obstacles
 : .
: ,- "
OT.TFO  (Cont.

which block the achievement of self-sufficiency;

assistance in achieving greater participation in

community affairs; and activities designed to

counteract conditions of starvation and malnutrition.

Source of Funds

Federal - $1, 157, 484 (DHHS - Community 
Services Block Grant) 
Maximum Durat  60 days

Averaqe Duration 
Information not available. 
AFDC HOMELES ASSISTANCE PROG 
Eliaibilitv 
The applicant must be apparently
el igible 
for the AFDC program. There must be a 
dependent child in the home, deprivation of care 
and'
support of at least one parent, qualification within

income and resource limits, and meet the definition

of homeless.

TYe of Assistance 
Temporary homeless assistance
that provides for the immediate shelter needs of the

AFOC family. PaYments are used to cover the cost of

hotels, motels, or other types of shelter while the

family locates permanent housing. 
Other than

shelter, housing benefits include securing long-term

housing such as last month's rent, security deposits,

and the cost of utility hook-ups.

Source of Funds 
Federal - $l6, 189, 334  (HHS - AFDC - Special
Neecs) 
State 
- $14,570, 400 
Loal 
- $ 1,618, 934 
Maximum Duration  30 days 
Averaae Duration 
14 days  , .

CONNCTICU 
SECUTY DEPOSrT PROG 
Eliaibil 
Families or individuals who are homeless, 
or at risk of becoming homeless and who are

recipients of public assistance, or have incomes at

or below 150' of federal poverty guidelines.

TYe of Assistanc, 
Security deposits for rent below
60' of income. The program assists individuals and

families to make the transition from emerqency

housing into more permanent living situations.

Source of Funds

State - $725, l64 
Maximum DurattQ 
2 months 
Averaae Duration 
Information not available 
TRSITIONAL LIG PROG 
Homeless individuals or families. 
TYe of 
jstanc 
governents, publicT,h nesoet -faorer -grants to municipal
protit private
organizations which have received construction or 

renovation funds for the provision of multi-family or

single roa residences. In 
addition to housing,
food, clothing, social supportive services and help

in finding housing are provided under this program.

A variety of support services are provided to these

persons during their stay. 
This is available to both

sinqle people and families who are homeless.

Source of Funds

State - $328,200 
Durat.u 
Maximum  24 aonths

Averaa. DuratW 
5 aontha
 . .
: .
CONNCTICU  (Cont. 
DEPAR 
OF MEAL HETH 
Eliaibility 
Those who are mentally ill and homeless. 
Although these services are not exclusively dedicated 
to assist homeless persons, many such persons are
served. 
This program serves single people as well as
families. 
TV 
of Assistance Community-based services to 
mentally ill individuals who are homeless or at risk
becoming homeless. 
Source of Funds

Federal - $105, 860  (DHHS - NIMH-ADM HS)
$323, 151  (DHHS - Mental Health 
Services Block Grant 
- McKinney Act)

state 
- $128, 145 
Duration  Information not available. 
EMGENCY SHELTE SERVICE 
Families or individuals who are homeless

or at risk of becoming homeless.

Tve of Assistance 
Grants provide for the provision 
of emergency housing, security deposits, feeding and

. social supportive services to assist individuals and 
families in overcoming barriers to. tinding permanent
housing. Also 
provided are utilities, 
transportation, counsel ing, case management, and 
heal th services. Persons must be homeless or at risk

of becoming homeless to be eligible.

Source of Funds

Federal - $  543, 623 (DHH - Social Services 
Block Grant)
301, 525 (DHRS - Stripper Well) 
State 
- $3,474, 380 
Maximum DuratiQn 5 months

Averaae Duration 
2 months  CONNCTICU  (COnt. 
DEPAR OF CHIlDRE AJ YOU SERVICE 
Elioibilitv 
Any children between 12 years and 18 
years old who are runaways, homeless, abused, 
neglected, or in transition from one residential
placement to another. 

TYe of Assistance 
Emergency shelter. In addition to 
housing, social services, referrals to other

aervices, education and recreational activities are

provided. 
Source o; Fu:Qds 
Federal - $1,-086, 392 (DHHS - Social Services
Block Grant) 
state 
- $1, 590, 351 
Duration  Information not available. 
DOMETIC VIOLECE SHELTE 
Elioibil 
Victims of spousal abuse. 
Tve of 
Assistance 
Emergency shelter and security 
deposits are provided. Grants are given to non-profit
organizations to help victims of household abuse by
, providinq a safe shel 
tar and supportive services. In 
foo, 
addition to housing,  clothinq and crisis
intervention are provided under this program. 
Also,
preventive education is qiven to reduce the incidence

of household abuse. 
Source of Funds 
Federal - $  548, 559  (DHH - Social Services 
Block Grant) 
54 , 196 (DRB - Stripper Well) 
84, 149  (DHH - Family Violence
Prevention)
127, 000  (Departent of Justice) 
State 
- $1,264, 220 
Maximum Duration 60 day., but extensions qranted for

hardship case. 
Averaoe Duration 
2 to 3 weeks 
. 17
 CONNCTICU  (Cont. 
CAITAL DEVLOPM 
Eliaibilitv 
Grants are made to shelters 
owned/operated by an IRS SOl(c) (3)  profit
private non-
organization, or a municipality. A variety of needy

persons are served, including the homeless.

Tve of Assistance 
Repairs, renovation and 
ects. It 
construction of emergency shelter proj 
provides grants-in-aid to- economically distressed
municipalities and private non-profit organizations

in distressed municipalities. 
These grants are for
capital development of child day care projects,
shel ters for victims of domestic violence, elderly 
centers, multipurpose human resource centers and 
emergency shelters for the homeless and re1ated
proj ects . 
Source of Funds

State  - $2, 924, 077 
Duration 
Information not available 
EMGENCY HOUSING 
Eliaibilitv 
Grants are made to ' 
local community action
agencies to serve homeless families and individuals

who are at or below the Federal poverty guidelines.

Tye of Assistance 
Follow-up and social supportive 
services for the homeless.

Source of Funds

Pederal - $236,910 (DHH - Emergency Homeless

. Proqr.. -
McKinney Act) 
Duration  Information not. available 
I 

DEP  OF BOUSDfG 
Grants are .ade to shelters Who assist 
proqru 
the homeless. 'lis  provides services to
single persons as well as f..ililes. 
 , .
CONNCTICU  (Cant. 
TYe of Assistance 
Emergency shelters and 
transitional shelters including single room

occupancy. 
Source of Funds

state 
- $18, 000, 000 
Duration 
Information not available 
PR 
SBRCE PRCT 
LEGA  TO  BOMESHES 
Eliaibil 
Aid to Families with Dependent Children 
(AFDC) recipients who are at risk of becoming 
homeless. This program serves only AFDC families. 
TYe of Assistance 
Housing related legal assistance. 
This includes legal representation, legal guidance, 
and clarification of tenant rights. In addition to 
housing, it also provides mortgage conversion 
programs, monitoring relocation, and statewide 
coordination of legal services. 
Source of Funds

State 
- $150, 000 
Duration  Not applicable 
bmJ!
CY SHETE 
Grants are made to local government and

private non-profit organizations. This program

provides services assisting the homeless to single

persons as well as ramilies.

TY 
of Assistance  Repair and conversion or 
I 

buildings as emergency shelters. In addition to

housing, the program also provides food, Bocial

services and operating expnses to assist 
individuals and families in rinding permanent

housing. 
Source of Funds

Federal - $203,940 (RUD - Emergency Shelter

Program - McKinney Act)
 ~~~
. ' ,-. ... ..  ..,.. "'- .. .... - "''-'-'-'"  -'.""-- - $ -..",. '-..._-- _.._ ..._._- -.-- . --------..- _... - _. . __._.. -"--- -- .-. --- ._--- - .-.---..
'&._-r_-"":u  c.""'.;"" ,.. --
CONNCTICU  (Cont. 
Maximum Duration 5 months

Average Duration 
2 months 
EMGENCY BOUSDfG 
Eliaibil 
Families who are forced to leave their 
current housing due to a catastrophic event,
eviction, or 
other reason, and are not entitled to 
relocation assistance under the State Relocation

Assistance Act. A family may not qualify for

emergency housing where permanent housing was

abandoned on a voluntary basis.

Tve of Assistance 
Emergency shelter paYments for
security deposits for permanent housing. 
other 
benefits include food, clothing, household items

such as furniture and appliances, and moving and

storage expenses. A social worker is assigned to 

provide supportive services to each family during the

emergency housing crisis.

Source of Funds

Federal - $6, 042, 743  (HHS - AFOC - Special
Needs) 
state 
- $1, 408, 357 
Local 
33 , 649 
Maximum Durat  100 days 
Averaqe Duration 
54 days  IT.  THOIS 
EMGENCY FOD , SHELTE PROG (ILLNOIS DEPAR
PULIC 
AID) 
Eliaibilitv 
Homeless families and individuals 
TYe of Assistance 
Emergency .helter is provided. In 
addition to housing; food, social services and 
referrals to other services is available. 
ource of Funds 
State 
- $3, 611, 000 
Private - $  902, 750 
Duration  Informatio 
not available 
GRS PROG 
EMGENCY SHELTE 
Eliaibili 
Homeless families and individuals

TYe of Assistance 
Emergency shelter and rent

deposits. In 
addition to housing, this program
provides j 
ob trai ing, substance abuse counsel ing ,
and health services. 
Source of Funds 
Federal - $81,740 (BUD Emergency Shelter 
Program - McKinney Act) 
Private - $81,740 
Maximum Durat  18 months 
Averaae Duration 
Information not available 
COMM  BID GR 
SERVICE 
Eliaibil 
Grants are provided to community action 
agencies to assist homeless individuals and families. 
TYe of Assistance 
Emergency shelter, rental
assistance, and security deposits. 
In addition to 
housing, food, social services, medical care,  I .

ILI.TROIS  (Cont. 
referrals to other services, clothing, utilities,

eamvplaoYimleantb alsesi. stance, and transportation are

Source of Funds

Federal - $603, 000 (DHH - Community Services

Block Grant) 
Duration 
Information not available 
COTY 
EMGENCY  SERVICE BONELES 
Eliaibil 
Grants are made to community action 
agencies to assist homeless individuals and families. 
Tve of 
Assistance 
Emergency shelter, rental 
assistance, and security deposits. In addition to

. medical care, 
housing r food,  social services, 
emploYment assistance, clothing, transportation,
utili ties 
and referrals to other services are 
provided. 
Source of Funds

Federal - $1, 187, 706  (DHHS - Emergency 
Community Services 
Block Grant-
MCKinney Act) 
Duration 
Information not available 
PROG/BP 
CRSIS 
ASSISTANCE 
Eliaibilitv 
Eligible clients of Aid to Families with 
Dependent Children (AFDC), Aid to Aged, Blind and 
Disabled, General Assistance and recipients of cash 
assistance. Also eligible are those whose needs are 
not met under the Special Assistance or Emergency 
Assistance, Medical Assistance 
other programs.  r Assistance Grant and
TYe of Assistance 
Shelter, rent, and moving
expenses. In addition 
to housing, utilities, 
household furniture and non-medical services that are 
related to essential medical 9are are also prov i ded .  IT.  TNOIS  (Cont. 
Source of Funds

State  - $2,449, 653 
Maximum Duration Information not available

Averaqe Duration 
45 days 
CRSIS  PRElGENCY 
ASSISTANCE  ASSISTANCE 
AFDC recipients and/or othe  families,
or pregnant women. 
Condi tio s require documented 
loss or theft of cash, or court-ordered eviction due

to non-payment of rent.

Tve of Assistance 
Rent payment, emergency shelter 
and vouchers for housing. In addition to housing,

other benefits include food and clothing.

Source of Funds

Federal  $242, 861  (HHS - AFDC - Emergency
Assistance) 
State 
- $242,861 
Maximum Duration  30 days

Averaoe Duration 
Information not available 
CRSIS  PR/SPECDL 
ASSISTANCE 
Emergency assistance  may be provided to

AFDC recipients or other families, or pregnant women.

Eligibility conditions require homelessness for

rfeiarseo,n sf lootohe,r  than non-payment of rent such as due to

or other natural disaster. Also 
eligible are a parent and child who leave home

because of abuse by the spouse, or when the child

welfare agency will not permit child(ren) to stay in

the home because of economic deprivation.

Tve of Assistance 
shelter.  Rent payment afnodo e,m ergency
Other benefits include  clothing,
item. 
furniture, and household  , .
ILLINOIS  (Cont. 
Source of Funds 
Federal - $514, 765  (HHS - AFDC - Special
Needs) 
state 
- $514,765 
Maximum Duration  30 days 
Averaae Duration 
Information not available  MASACHSETS 
EMGENCY SHELTE 
Eliaibility 
Homeless families or individuals 
Tve of Assistance 
Shelter beds 24 hours a day.
addition, housing search services ' 
are provided for
all residents in the family shelters. 
These services 
include training in how to look for housing, 
practice in how to conduct a housing interview,
information on tenant' 
s rights, referrals to local
housing authorities and other community agencies, 

updated lists of available units and information on

what is considered standard housing.

The State's Family Advocacy Plan also provides

training in budget management, financial planning

skills, housekeeping skills, parenting skills, child

development information, child development

activities, nutrition planning and meal preparation

skills are available.

Source of Funds

Federal - $  300, 000 (RUD - Emergency Shelter 
Program - McKinney Act) 
State 
- $ 9,700, 000 
Maximu Duration 
9 months 
eraqe  Duration 
60 days 
TRSITIONAL 
ROUSING 
Eliaibil 
Homeless families, ' adolescent parents and 
battered women are referred through the Departent of
Social Services. These families have multiple
problems which make the. unable to live
independently. 
Tve of Assistance 
Rent subsidies. In addition to
housing,- other benefits include teaching basic
living, nutrition, budgetinq, parentinq and 
housekeeping skills. The progam 
links families to 
appropriate social service agencies and provides 
transportation for day care, education, medical
services.  - $
MASACHSETS  (Cont. 
Source of Funds

Federal  345, 000 (RUD - Transitional
Housing Program -
McKinney Act) 
state 
- $ 2, 186, 000 
Private  - $ 690, 000 
Maximum Duration 1 year (extension if necessary)

Averaae Duration 
Information not available 
COMMITY DEVLOPM BLO 
Eliaibilitv 
Grants are awarded to cities and towns 
to use for coordination of programs for the homeless. 
This program provides services to single persons as 
well as families. 
TYe of Assistance 
proqram coordination of these 
funds are used for residential care, case management 
and direct services, staffing, conducting needs 
assessments, training, etc. 
Source of Funds

Federal 
- $ 489, 378  (RUD - Community 
Development Block Grant 
- McKinney Act

over a 2 year period)

Private 
- $ 489, 378 
Maximum Duration Information not available

Average Duration 
9 months 
PR,
GR  I 

EMENCY COMMITY SERCE HOMELES 
SUITL 
Eliaibil 
Grants are awarded to cities and towns to 
use for coordination of programs for the homeless. 
This program provides services to single persons as

well as families.
 MASACHSETS  (Cont. 
TYe of Assistance 
Program coordination. These 
funds are used (in part) for emergency shelters; 
vouchers for apartments, hotels, motels, etc.; first 
and last months rent; security deposits; and paying
back rent. 
Source of Funds 
Federal  - $ 1, 424, 788  (DHHS - Emergency 
Communi ty 
Services Block Grant 
- McKinney Act) 
Maximum Duration 12 months 
Averaoe Duration 
12 months 
EMGENCY ASSISTANCE 
Elioibilitv 
Needy children under the age of twenty-
one, or a pregnant women without any needy children 
and other related members of an unborn child in the 
household. 
TYe 'of Assistance Temporary emergency shelter,
moving , expenses, security deposits and a one month 
advance rental payment. In addition to housing;
food, clothing, furniture, and any necessary
household equipment and suppl 
ies, such as a 
refrigerator, are provided. 
Source of Funds

Federal - $l2, 
600, 000  (HHS - AFOC - Emergency
Assistance) 
State 
- $19, 250, 000 
Maximum Durat  90 days

Averaqe Duration 
Information not available 
BOMELESNE AN 
BOUSDfG 
Elioibili tv 
AFDC families who need emerqency
assistance. This 
program does not serve sing 
people.  1 e
. 27  . '
MASACHSETS  (Cont. 
TYe of Assistance 
Housing Search and referral to
find housing. In 
addition to housing, other benefits
include placement in schools, referrals to other

agencies for assistance, and transportation.

Source of Funds 
Federal - $7 300, 000  (HHS - AFOC - Emergency
Assistance) 
State 
- $9, 300, 000 
Maximum Durat 
Until no longer homeless

Averaae DurattQ 
90 days 
EMGENCY SHELTE 
Homeless AFDC families are eligible. 
TYe of Assistance 
Emergency shelter. 
In addition
to shelter, other benefits include' food, clothing,
social services, referrals to other services 
transportation, etc. 
This program does not serve

single people or people without children. 
Source of Fund 
Federal - $84, 874  (HHS - AFDC - Emergency
Assistance) 
State 
- $84,874

Maximum Durat 
14 days

Averaae Durat 
12 days
 NE 
YORK STATE 
EMGENCY COMMTY SERVICE 
HOMELES 
Homeless families and individuals with

, income below the poverty level.

TYe of Assistan 
Rental 8Upport. In addition to
housinq: medical care, social service and referrals

to other services are available.

Source of Funds

Federal 
- $3,256, 267 (DHHS - Emergency 
Communi ty Services Block
Grant) 
Duration 
Information not available 
EMGENCY SHELTE PROG 
(HOTLS/IOTLS) 
Eliqibil 
Homeless families and individuals 
TYe of Assistance 
Emergency shelters are provided by
this program. 
In addition to housing; food, social
services, health services, child care, referrals to

other services and transportation are available. 
Source of Funds

Federal 
, 500, 000 (RUD - Emergency 
Shel ter Program
McKinney Act) 
State 
- $23, 300, 000 
Loal 
$23, 300, 000 
Duration 
Information not available 
DOMETIC, VIOLECE REIDENIA 
Parents and children at risk of, or

involved in abuse.

Tve 
of Assistance Temporary shelter. Also, social
services are available.  - $
r. J

NE 
YORK STATE (Cont. 
Source of Funds 
state 
- $273,771 
Local  - $285, 967 
Maximum Duration 6 months 
Averaqe Duration 
Information not available 
HOMELES BOUSDfG AN ASSISTANCE PROG 
Eliaibility 
Homeless families and individuals 
Tve of Assistance 
Rent supplement. In addition to
housing, food and social services are also available. 
Source of Funds 
State 
- $20, 000, 000 
Duration 
Information not available 
CE 
CA 
TH REIDENIAL  FOR ADTS 
Eliaibilitv 
Homeless persons who are 18 or older and 
who have a diagnosis of mental illness. 
Tve of Assistance 
Emergency shelter as well as 
social services.

Source of Funds

Federal  470, 000  (DHHS - CI ients 
Supplemental Security

Income - SSI, minus a

I 

personal needs

allowance. ) 
State 
- $2, 110, 000 
Duration 
Information not available  , I 
NE 
YORX STATE (Cont. 
TH 
HOMELES FAMILIES AND CHILDRE PROGRA 
Eli9ibilitv 
Homeless families and children living in
welfare hotels and shelters.

Tye of Assistance  Housing. Also 
provided are social

services such as therapy for children, parent 
education, clinical services and crisis intervention. 
Source of Funds

Federal 
- $150, 000 (DHHS - Social Services
Block Grant)
Local  $472, 000 
Duration 
Information not available 
TIER I SHELTE PROGRA 
Eliaibility 
Homeless AFDC families of two or more 
old. 
with no children less than six months  Pregnant
women are not elgible. 
This program does not provide
services to single persons or people without

children. 
Tve of
' Assistance 
Emergency shelter. 
In addition
to shelter, other benefits include food and social

services. 
Source of Funds

Federal - $10, 500, 000  (HHS - AFDC - Emergency
Assistance) 
State 
- $ 5, 250, 000 
Local  - $ 5,250, 000 
Maximu Duration 
21 days 
Averaae Duration 
Information not available 
TIER :I:I PAlLY 
SHELTE 
with no childHromeelenss  AFlDC etasmilsie s than six monthots otlwdo .o r more

Pregnant  .. 
. ,
NE 
YORK STATE (Cont. 
women are not elgible. This program does not provide

services to single persons or people without

children.

TYe of Assistance 
Emergency shelter. In addition

to shelter, other benefits include food and social

services. 
Source Of Funds 
Federal - $11, 000, 000  (HHS - AFDC - Emergency
Assistance) 
State 
- $ 5,500, 000 
Local  - $ 5, 500, 000 
Maximum Duration  Information not available

Average Duration 
7 months 
RE SUPPLE 
PROGRA (EMENCY REOUSING PROGRA) 
Eligibilitv 
Homeless AFDC families whose landlords 
family. 
agree to rent to the  Families must be 
residing in a motel or a hotel for at least 24 weeks 
in a municipality with a rental vacancy rate for 
low-income housing of at least three percent. This 
program does not provide services to single persons 
or people without children. 
TYe of Assistance 
Rent supplement to the
hotel/motel rate in order to secure habitable

permanent housing. 
Source of Funds

Federal - $4,200, 000  (HH - AFDC - Special
Needs) 
State 
- $ 2, 100, 000 
Loal 
- $ 2, 100, 000 
Maximum Durat  28 months

Averaae Duration  ilable 
Information. not ava, ,\ 

PENSYLVANIA 
BRIDGE HOUSING PROGRA 
Eliaibility 
Homeless families and individuals 
TYe of Assistance 
Temporary transitional housing. 
Also provided is case management, which includes

information and referral to other' services. 
Source of Funds

State 
- $1, 626, 100 
Maximum Durat  1 year 
Averaae Duration 
6 months 
HOUSING ASSISTANCE

Eliaibility 
Homeless and near-homeless low income 
families or individuals

TYe of Assistance  Security deposits and rental
assistance to move persons out of shelters into

permanent housing,
or to prevent eviction from
housing. 
Source of Funds

State 
- $2, 879, 064 
Maximum Duration None 
Averaae  Duration 
2 months 
EMENCY COMMTY SERCE 
BOMLES 
Homeless families and individuals

TYe of Assistance 
Temporary housing assistance by 
placement at motels, hotels or boardinghouses. 
Rental paYments, housing relocation services, home 
utility deposits and paYments, mediation of disputes 
with landlords, and help with medical prescription 
costs and health service are also available. 
foo, 
addition to housing,  clothing, transportation,  - '
,I. 
PENSYLVANIA  (Cont. 
child day care services, education and job training

for employment, outreach and referral, case

management services are additional services to

clients. 
Source of Funds

Federal - $314, 633 (DHHS - Emergency Community

Services Block Grant -

MCKinney Act)

Maximum Duration  4 .onths 
Averaae Duration 
26 days 
HOMEOWN' EMENCY MORTGE  PROG 
ASSISTANCE 
Eliaibility 
ilies and individuals needing 
temporary financial assistance to maintain mortgage
payments. Additional 
eligibility criteria are: 
- it is the principal family residence for the

mortgagor and it is located in Pennsylvania;

- there is intent to foreclose the mortgage and
mortgage payments are del 
inquent for at least
60 days; 
the mortgage is not insured by the Federal

Housing Administration under Title II of the

National Housing Act;

- the mortgagor is a permanent resident and has

a financial hardship beyond their control;

- there is a reasonable prospect that the 
mortgagor will be able to' resume 
full mortgage
payments within 36 months;, 
- the morgagor has appl ied for assistance from 
the agency according to their requirements;

- the mortgagee is not prevented by law from

foreclosing upon the mortgage;

- the Agency has determined the mortgagor has 
insufficient income or ,networt to aake full 
mortgage payments; 

- the mortgagor has had a favorable residential

mortgage credit history over the last five

years; 
- the Agency may check the mortgagor' 

employment, credit history and current i 
come to

determine if the financial hardship is due to

circumstance beyond the mortgagor'
s control: and
 , ------_..---------------_._------- ---.---- ... ---.. -....--.-. -------- --'
II , , 
PENNSYLVANIA  (Cont. 
- the mortgagor meets any other procedural

requirements of the Agency. 
TYe of Assistance 
The Homeowners' Emergency Mortgage 
Assistance Program is a loan program with the primary 
psurptosea of theleping .ho meowners maintain their mortgage 
payments through times of temporary financial 
hardship and thereby remain in their own homes. 
There are 30 counseling agencies covering the entire
Source of Funds

State 
- $11,700, 000 
Maximum Duration 36 months

Averaae Duration 
Information is not available. 
TRSITIONAL 
ROUSING 
Eliaibilitv 
Financially needy families or individuals 
who are homeless or near homeless. Also, those who '
are admitted to a short-term housing program approved 
Pulic 
by the State Department of  Welfare, and who 
are in need cf additional treatment and support
services. 
TYe of Assistance 
Emergency shelter at hotels, 
.otels and rooming houses. Residential facilities

may also be utilized.  Security deposits and payment

of back-rent is available. In addition to housing,

there are support services to the homeless to help

clients find permanent housing, boarding, outreach

counseling, and case management. 
Household utility
bills are paid for as well. 
This proqram provides
services to single persons as well as families. 
Source of Funds

Federal - $21,036 (BU - Transitional Housing 
Progam - McKinney Act) 
State 
- $31,854 
Loal 
- $ 7, 212 
Duration 
Information not available  - ' \ '
- $
PENSYLVANIA  (Cont. 
DOMETIC VIOLECE 
Eliaibility 
Victims of domestic violence. There are 
o financial eligibility requirements. 
Tve of Assistance 
Temporary emergency shelter. 
Source of Funds 
Federal - $1, 415, 544  (DHHS - Social Services
Block Grantl)
305, 273  (DHH - Federal  Family 
Violence) 
State 
- $3,218, 383 
MaximQm Duration 30 days

eraae  Duration 
9 days

EMENCY SHELTE GRA PROGRA 
Eliaibilitv 
Homeless families and individuals 
Tve of Assistance 
Emergency shelters. In addition 
to housing, social services and referral  o other

services are provided. 
Source of Fund 
Federal - $1,000, 000 (RUD - Emergency Shelter 
Program - McKinney Act) 
Loal -
500, 000 
Privat 
500, 000 
Maximum Durat  6 aonth 
Averaae Duration 
Information not available 
ElEHCY SHELT 

Eliaibiltt 
Families or individuals 
n immediate need 
of shelter.

Tve of Assistance 
Placement in a shelter and

vouchers for hotels or motels are provided. 
Also,
the first months rent is paid.  "'-' ...:._ --_:.--- -.  _.. ...-_- ...._ .. ... "._- ..."--  -"" .- - .. "--_._--- - .." - --.,...- --,--- --. 
" a-:-- -_. ---0--_. 
PENSYLVANIA  (Cant. 
Source of Funds

Federal - $647, 996 (DHHS - Social Services

Block Grant) 
Maximum Duration None 
Averaqe Duration 
Information not available 
COMMITY SERVICE BLO 
El  Grants are made to comunity agencies
proiaivbi i1d  ing assistance to the bomele.s. 
The program
serves homeless families or individual. with income 
below 125 percent of the Fede 
al poverty guidelines. 
TVe of Assistance 
Housing assistance for the 
homeless is provided. Additional services to clients 
foo, 
are the provision of  clothing, transportation
and day care; education/training and employment; 
outreach and referral; and case management services. 
Heal th services, such as assistance with prescription 
costs, are also provided as well as utility deposits 
and payments, and dispute mediation with landlords. 
Source of Funds

Federal - $382, 951 (DHHS - Community Services
Block Grant)
Maximum Duration 1 month

Averaae Duration 
26 days 
EMENCY 
ASSISTANCE 
Eliaibil 
Homeless AFDC families. Individuals or 
families without children under age 21 may qualify

for emerqency assistance vben it is necessary to

avoid destitution of the individual or 
family, or to

provide living arrangements for the individual or

faaily in a ho.e.

TYe of Assistance 
Payments for ..ergency shelter
and back rent. Additional benefits include emergency
medical assistance. 
 Ai 'd 
PENSYLVANIA  (Cont. 
Source of Funds 
Federal - $11, 090  (HHS - AFDC - Emergency
Assistance) 
State 
- $88, 255 
Maximum Durat1g 
30 days 
Averaae Dura 
Information not available