+"" "
Department of Health and Human Servces-
OFFICE OF 
INSPECTOR GENERAL 
TRENDS IN URBAN HOSPITAL CLOSURE 
1987 - 1993 
SUVICES 
JU 
GIBBS BROWN 
Inspector General 
'1  AUGUST 1995 
;,o/)I430  OEI-0495-0050  GENRA 
OFFICE OF INSPECTOR 
The mission of the Offce of Inspector General (OIG), as mandated by Public 
Law 95-452, as 
amended, is to protect the integrity of the Department of Health and Human Servces
' (HHS)
programs as well as the health and welfare of beneficiaries served by those programs. This 
statutory mision is carred out through a nationwide network of audits, investigations, and
inspections conducted by three OIG operating components: the Offce of Audit Service, the 
Office of Investigations, and the Offce of Evaluation and Inspections. The OIG also informs 
the Secretary of HHS of program and management problems and recommends courses to 
correct them. 
OFFICE OF AUDIT SERVICE 
The OIG's Office of Audit Servces (OAS) provides all auditing servces for HHS
, either by
conducting audits with its own audit resources or by overseeing audit work done by others. 
Audits examine the performance of HHS programs and/or its grantees and contractors in 
carryng out their respective responsibilities and are intended to provide independent 
asessments of HHS programs and operations in order to reduce waste, abuse, and 
mimanagement and to promote economy and effciency throughout the Department. 
OFFICE OF INTIGATIONS 
The OIG's Offce of Investigations (01) conducts criminal, civil, and administrative 
investigations of allegations of wrongdoing in HHS programs or to HHS beneficiaries and of 
unjust enrichment by providers. The investigative efforts of 01 lead to criminal convictions 
administrative sanctions, or civil money penalties. The 01 also oversees State Medicaid fraud 
control units which investigate and prosecute fraud and patient abuse in the Medicaid program. 
AN 
OFFICE OF EVALUATION  INSPECfONS 
The OIG's Offce of Evaluation and Inspections (OEI) conducts short-term management and
program evaluations (called inspections) that focus on issues of concern to the Department 
the Congress, and the public. The findings and recommendations contained in these inspection 
reports generate rapid, accurate, and up-to-date information on the effciency, vulnerabilty, 
and effectivenes of departmental programs. 
OEI's Atlanta Regional Offce prepared this report under the direction of Jesse J. Flowers 
Regional Inspector General and Christopher Koehler, Deputy Regional Inspector General. 
Principal OEI staff included: 
ATLA  HEUAR1E 
OFFCE 
Ron Kali, (Project Leader)  Winnie Walker 
Paula Bowker  Linda Moscoe 
Pegg Daniel 
For additional copies of this report, please call the Atlanta Regional Office at (404)-331-4108.  EXECUTIVE 
SUMMAR Y

PUROSE 
To describe extent, characteristics, and impact of urban hospital closure in the United 
States durig a 7-
year period -- 1987 through 1993. 
BACKGROUN 
Over the past decade, closure of general, acute care hospitals raised concerns about 
continued access to care and the appropriateness of related Federal and State health 
care policies. A number of studies predicted that hospitals would continue closing for 
several years. 
We released a report in May 1989 describing the nationwide phenomenon of hospital 
closure in 1987. We found that the number of closures was small and did not severely
affect access to care. Thereafter, we issued annual reports on hospital closure for 
1988 through 1993. In 1993, we also reported on trends in rural hospital closures. 
This report focuses on trends in urban hospital closures. 
FIINGS 
rate of uran hopitl cloes genrall decreased  through 1993 
Th  dug  1987 
In 1987, about 1.1 percent of urban hospitals closed nationally. By 1993, only about . 
percent closed. During the 7-year period, slightly less than one percent of urban 
hospitals closed annually, for a total of 6.6 percent of all urban hospitals operating in 
that period. 
Pulic hopitals closed at a lower rate than  profi 
di private for-profi and prate non-
hopials 
About 3.5 percent of all public hospitals closed during the 7-year period compared to 
5.4 percent for private non-profit hospitals and 12.4 percent for private for-profit
hospitals. 
ha 
Urban hospitals that closed were smllr and  lower occupanc rates 
Urban hospitals that closed had an average of 93 beds compared to an average of 245 
beds for all urban hospitals nationally. On average, urban hospitals nationally had an 
occupancy rate of about 57 percent. Urban hospitals that closed had a relatively 
stable occupancy rate of almost 30 percent. The one exception was in 1991 when the 
rate was about 36 percent.  Although Medicare occupancy rates increased over the 7-year period, the average 
Medicare utilization rate was about the same for closed urban hospitals as for all 
urban hospitals nationally (46.3 versus 45.
2 percent). Medicaid occupancy varied from 
year-to-year with no obvious pattern. The average Medicaid occupancy of 14. 
percent in closed urban hospitals was slightly higher than the 12.6 percent in urban 
hospitals nationally. 
comr 
emen 
Inpati hoitl and  care was availble nerby to most  whee a
hopital closed

In 180 of the 196 urban communities (92%) where a hospital closed 
durig 1987

through 1993 inpatient hospital care 
 was available within 10 miles. In 184 of the 196

was available within 10 miles.
urban communities (94%),  emergency care 
More thn half of the 
closed hopital facilit are being used for health-related serves 
At the time of our review, 106 of the 196 closed urban hospital buildings (54%) were 
being used for health-related servces such as special treatment facilities, outpatient 
clinics, and long-term care facilties.  " .. .  " . .. . ... ...  .. ...  . ...  .. .  ..  ..  ..  . . . .. 
. ...   ...   ...   ...   ....    ....    ....    .....     .....     .....     .....     .....     .....     .....     ......      ......     ......      ......      ......     ......  .   ... ..    " .....     .....     .....     .....     .....     .....     .....     .....     .....     .....     .....     .....     .....     ....    ..  ..  ..  ..  ..  ...   ...   ..  ..  ..  ..  ..  ..  ....  
TABLE OF CONTENTS
PAGE 
EXCU SUMY

INODUCTON. . 
. . . . . . . . . . .. 1
FIINGS. . 
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Exent And Charactertics Of Urban Hospitl Closue
How Many Closed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Where Were They. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
Who Owed Them. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
What Were These Hospitals Like. . . . . . 
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Size. .. .. .. . . '" . "
.... .. 5

Occupancy  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Medicare Utilization 
. . . . . . . . . 9
Medicaid Utilization. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 
Impact Of Urban Hospital Closue 
How Many Patients Were Affected. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 
Are Inpatient and Emergency Servces Available. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 
.. 14

What Is the Building Used for Now. . . . 
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 14
ENNOTE. . 
APPENICE 
A: Methodology................................................ A

B: Number of Urban Hospital 
Closures by State. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. B 
C: Urban Hospital Closures by Hospital Name, Location, and Year Closed. . " C- INTRODUCTION
PUROSE 
To describe extent, characteristics, and impact of urban hospital closure in the United 
States during a 7-year period -- 1987 through 1993.

BACKGROUN 
Over the last decade, closure of general, acute care hospitals has generated increasing 
public and congressional concern. Numerous questions have been raised about the 
impact of hospital closure on the provision of health care, as well as implications for
public policy. A number of studies predicted that more hospitals would close in 
coming years. 
The Offce of Inspector General released an inspection report in May 1989 describing
the phenomenon of rural and urban hospital closure during 1987 in the United 
States. 
We found that the number of closures was small and did not severely affect access to 
care. Many users of our 1987 hospital closure study encouraged us to continue year-
by-year analyses of the phenomenon to detect diferences in the rate of hospital 
closure, and in the characteristics and circumstances of hospitals that close. 
Consequently, the OIG conducted similar inspections of hospital closure for the years 
1988 - 1993.

This report focuses on urban hospital closures. Unlie our earlier annual hospital 
closure reports, it does not combine rural and urban hospital closures. About 
hal the 
hospitals (52%) in the United States are in urban areas. 
SCOPE 
We examined urban hospitals that closed during calendar years 1987 through 
1993. 
For purposes of this study, we used the following definitions. 
Urban Hospita: A facilty 
located in an urban area that provides general, short-term 
acute medical and surgical inpatient servces. We used Health Care Financing 
Adminstration s (HCFA) Hospital Cost Report Information System to identify 
hospitals located in urban areas. 
Oosed Hospita: One that stopped providing general, short-term, acute inpatient
servces during 1987 through 1993. If a hospital merged with or was sold to another 
hospital but continued to provide inpatient acute care at the physical plant
, it was not
considered a closure. If a hospital both closed and reopened in the same year, it was 
not considered a closure. If a hospital closed, reopened, and then closed again during
the years in our study, it was counted as a closure only once.  MEODOLOGY 
To determine the extent and impact of urban hospital closure, we obtained and 
aggregated information from State hospital associations
, State licensing and 
certification agencies, State health planning agencies, HCF A data bases, offcials 
associated with closed and nearby hospitals, and local public offcials. 
We obtained information on the characteristics of all urban hospitals and those that 
closed durig 1987 through 1993 from the Hospital Cost Report Information System 
maintained by HCFA. 
We conducted this inspection in accordance with the 
 Quality Standards for Inspections
issued by the President's Council on Integrity and Effciency. 
Appendix A describes our methodology in further detail.  FINDINGS
EX 
AN CHCTSTCS 
OF CLSED URAN HOSPITAL
How Many Closed?
Urban Hospitals Closed- 6.
Durng  The  Year Period Beginning In  1987, 196 
Percent Of All Urban Hospitals Nationally
In 1987, HCFA's data base showed 5 657 general, short-term, acute care hospitals
participating in the Medicare program. Of those, 2 705 (48 percent) were rural and
952 (52 percent) were urban.
Urban Hospitals in the U.S. in 1987  952
Closed in 1987 through 1993  196 (6.6%)
The trend in urban hospital closures has generally decreased during 1987 through
1993. Durig the fist 3 years of the period, about 1.2 percent of urban hospitals
closed annually. By the last 4 years of the period, only about .8 percent of the
hospitals closed annually. On average, less than 1 percent of the 2 952 urban hospitals
closed each year. The year-by-year closures are ilustrated below.

URBAN HOSPITAL CLOSURE
BY YEAR
# of Closurea

1987  1988  1989  1990  1991  1992  1993
YEAR -- 
Hospitals That Closed Had Little Impact On Overall National Bed Capacity 
Whe 6.6 percent of all urban hospitals closed in the United States during the 7-
year
period, only 2.5 percent of the beds (18 294) were lost. 
Th? 
Whre Were 

States, During The 7-year Period 
Urban Hospitals Closed In  34 
Texas had the greatest number of urban closures (33) followed by California (25), 
Michigan (14), Ilinois (14), and Massachusetts (11). These five States represented 50 
percent of the closures. Appendix B lists the number of hospital closures by State
durig the 7-
year period  1987 through 1993. 
Urban Communities 
Closed Hospitals Were Located In  145 
Chicago had the greatest number of hospital closures (12) followed by Detroit (9), 
Dallas (6), Seattle (6), El Paso (4), Los Angeles (4), Kansas 
City (3), Phiadelphia (3),
and St. Paul (3). Ten cities had two closures and the remaining 126 cities had one 
closure each. Appendix C lists closures by hospital name, location, and year closed 
during the 7-year period -- 1987 through 1993.

Ow 
Wh 
Them? 
In Urban Areas, A Smaller Percentage Of Public Hospitals Closed Than Did 
Prvate Non-Profit And Prvate For-Profit Hospitals 
Three and one-half percent of all public hospitals closed during the 7-year period 
compared to 5.4 percent for private non-profit hospitals and 12.4 percent for private 
for-
profit hospitals. 
Total Number  Number of 
Percent of

Hospital Owership  of Urban  Closed Urban  Hospitals Which 
Hospitals in  Hospitals in  Closed in 1987-

1987  1987-1993*  1993 By Type 
Public 
Private Non-Profit  5.4%  Cled Hospitls Li? 
Wht Were  Th 
Urban Hospitals That Closed Each Year Were Considerably Smaller When 
Compared To The Average Size Of Urban Hospitals Nationally 
Over the 7-year period urban hospitals that closed had an average of 93 beds 
compared to an average of 245 beds for all urban hospitals nationally. The chart 
below shows a year-by-year comparison. 
URBAN HOSPITALS THAT CLOSED 
WERE SMALL
#' of Beds 
300 -
250 -
200 -
160 -
100-
60 -
1987  1988  1989  1990  1991  1992  1993 
National Avg  Closed Hospital Avg
Hospital Closure Affected A Higher Percentage Of Smaller Hospitals Than Larger 
Hospitals 
Ninety-seven percent (192 of 196) of the urban hospitals that closed were smaller than 
the national average of 245 beds. More than half the hospitals (59%) that closed had 
fewer than 100 beds.
Nearly half (46%) of all urban hospitals with fewer than 30 beds closed during the 7-
year period. During this same period, only 1.1 percent of all urban hospitals with 200 
or more beds closed. The table on the following page shows that as the size of 
hospitals increase, the percentage of closures decreases.  SIZ INCRED 
AS HOSPITAL 
TH PERCE OF CLSUR DECRED 
Total Number of  Number of Urban  Percent of Urban 
Size of  Urban Hospitals  Hospitals that  Hospitals that
Hospital 
in 1987  Closed in 1987-1993  Closed by Size
0:30 beds 
45.
30 - 49 beds
146  22.
50 - 99 beds 465 
12.
100 - 149 beds 448 
10.
150 -199 beds  365
200+ beds 1468  1.%
Public Hospitals That Closed In Urban Areas Were Smaller Than Prvate Non-
Profit And Prvate For-Profit Hospitals 
Public hospitals that closed had an average size of 81 beds compared to 101 beds for
private non-profit hospitals and 88 beds for private for-
profit hospitals.
SIZE
BY TYPE OF OWNERSHIP 
# of Beds
120 
101
100-
80-
60-
40-
20-
PUB  PNP  PPP
7-YEAR AVERAGE/CLOSED URBAN HOSPITALS  Prvate For-Profit Hospitals That Closed In Urban Areas Had Lower Occupancy 
Rates Than Public And Prvate Non-Profit Hospitals 
Private for-profit hospitals that closed had an average occupancy rate of 27 percent 
compared to 32 percent for public hospitals and 33 percent for private non-profit 
hospitals. 
OCCUPANCY 
BY TYPE OF OWNERSHIP 
% Occupancy 
40%-
35%- 33%
32% 
30%-
27%
26% -
20%-
16% -
10% -
6% -
0% 
PUB  PNP  PFP
7-YEAR AVERAGE/CLOSED URBAN HOSPITALS  Average Medicare Utilization At Urban Hospitals That Closed Was About The 
Same When Compared To All Urban Hospitals Nationally 
Over the 7-year period utilization 
, urban hospitals that closed had an average  Medicare 
of 46.3 percent compared to an average of 45.2 percent for all urban hospitals 
2 The chart below shows a year-
nationally. by-year comparison. 
MEDICARE UTILIZATION 
BY YEAR 
% Medicare Occupancy 
60%-
50%-
40%-
30%-
20%-
10%-
0%-
1987  1988  1989  1990  1991  1992  1993 
E2 
National Avg
 Closed Hospital Avg  Prvate For- Urban Areas Had Lower Medicare 
Profit Hospitals That Closed  In 
Utilization Compared To Public And Prvate Non-Profit Hospitals 
Private for-profit hospitals that closed had a Medicare utiliztion rate 
of 41 percent
compared to 49 percent for public hospitals and 48 percent for private non-
profit
hospitals. 
MEDICARE UTILIZATION 
BY TYPE OF OWNERSHIP 
% Medicare Occupancy 
60%-
49% 
48% 
50%-
41% 
40%-
30%-
20%-
10% -
0%-
PUB  PNP  PFP 
7-YEAR AVERAGE/CLOSED URBAN HOSPITALS Average Medicaid Utilization At Urban Hospitals That Closed Was Higher Than 
The Average Medicaid Utilization Of All Urban Hospitals Nationally 
Over the 7-year period utiliztion 
, urban hospitals that closed had an average  Medicaid 
of 14.8 percent compared to an average of 12.6 percent for all urban hospitals 
3 The chart below shows a year-
nationally. by-year comparison. 
MEDICAID UTILIZATION 
BY YEAR 
% Medicaid Occupancy 
20% -
15% -
10% -

5% -
0% -

1987  1988  1989  1990  1991  1992  1993 
E2 
National Avg  Closed Hospital Avg  Public Hospitals That Closed In Urban Areas Had Higher Medicaid Utilization 
Than Did Prvate Non-Profit Hospitals and Prvate For-Profit Hospitals 
Public hospitals that closed in urban areas had a Medicaid 
utilition rate of 18 
percent compared to 15 percent for private non-profit hospitals and 13 percent for 
private for-
profit hospitals. 
MEDICAID UTILIZATION 
BY TYPE OF OWNERSHIP 
% MedIcaid Occupancy 
20%-
18% 
15% 
15% -

13% 
10% -

5%-
0%
PUB
 PNP  PFP 
7-YEAR AVERAGE/CLOSED URBAN HOSPITALS
 IMACf OF HOSPITAL CLSUR 
How Many Patints 
Were Affected? 
Urban Hospitals On An Average Day In 
Twenty-eight Patients Were In The  196 
The Year Pror To Closure 
The chart below shows the number of patients affected by urban hospital closure 
during the 7-year period. 
WHN URBAN HOSPITAL CLOSED

MA 
HOW  PATIENTS WERE AFECTD?
Average Patient Census  93. 
Average Medicare Utilization Rate 
x 30. 
Average Number Medicare Patients  27. 
Thirteen Medicare And Four Medicaid Patients Were In The Urban Hospital On 
An Average Day During The Year Pror To Closure 
The chart below shows the number of elderly and poor affected by urban hospital 
closure durig the 7 -year period. 
WHN URBAN HOSPITAL CLOSED

MA 
AN 
HOW  MEDICARE  MEDICAID PATIENTS

WERE AFECTD?
Medicare  Medicaid 
Patients  Patients 
Average Number of Patients 
Daily (all Patients)  27.  27. 
Average Medicare and

Medicaid Utilization Rate 
x 46.  x 14.

Average Number of Medicare 
and Medicaid Patients Daily  12.  ~~~
Inpati An 
Are  Emeency Servces Availble? 
We assessed availability of inpatient hospital and emergency medical care in miles
from the closed hospitals to the nearest inpatient and emergency facilities. 
In Most Communities Where A Hospital Closed During The 7-
Year Period 
Inpatient Hospital And Emergency Facilities Were Available Nearby 
In 180 of the 196 urban communities (92%) where a hospital closed from 1987
through 1993, residents could get  inpatient hospital care  within 10 miles of the closed 
hospital. Most inpatient hospital care is available within 3 miles of the closed facility. 
Residents of only one community who lost their hospital must travel over 20 miles for 
inpatient care. For Snoqualmie, Washington the nearest hospital is now located 25
miles away in Bellevue. 
For residents in 184 of the 196 urban communities (94%) where a hospital closed 
were available within 10 miles from the closed hospital. Most 
emergency care facilties 
emergency care is available within 3 miles of the closed facility. The remaining 12 
communities are within 20 miles of an emergency facility. 
Buiing Used For Now? 
Wht Is  Th 
Over Half Of The Closed Hospital Buildings Are Being Used For Health-
Related Services

At the time of our review, 106 of the 196 closed urban hospital buildings (54%) were 
being used for health-related servces. The following chart ilustrates the use of all 
196 
hospital facilities after closure during the 7-
year period 1987 through 1993.

llg;
USE  BUILDING NUBER
FORMR HOSPITAL*
Specialty Treatment Facility
(e.  chemical dependency)
Reopened Hospital
Long-Term Care Facility
Outpatient Servces/Clinic
Offces
Vacant
*Duplicate count: In some cases more than 1 servce is now offered
in the former hospital. ENDNOTES 
Hospital occupancy rate is defined as the actual number of patient days divided 
by the total bed days available. National occupancy rate is defined as the sum 
of all urban hospitals' occupancy rates , divided by the number of urban 
hospitals. 
Average Medicare utilzation of closed urban hospitals is defined as the percent 
of Medicare patient days compared to the total patient days for each hospital 
summed and divided by the number of hospitals. National average Medicare 
utiliation is the percent of Medicare utilzation of each hospital, summed and 
divided by the total number of urban hospitals. 
Medicaid utilization is calculated in the same way as Medicare utilzation.  APPENDIX A
METHODOLOGY 
Ex 
Cloe 
Of Urban Hosital 
To determe how many urban hospitals closed during 1987 through 1993, we surveyed
State licensing and certification agencies, State hospital associations and State health 
plannng agencies. We also compiled Health Care Financing Administration (HCFA) 
data on terminated providers in 1987-1993. When a closed hospital met our study 
definition and when there were questions, we contacted offcials associated with the 
closed hospitals, offcials associated with hospitals nearest to the closed hospital, and 
local public officials. 
To detennne the number of hospitals in the United States, we used the Hospital Cost 
Report Information System (HCRIS) maintained by HCFA. We included only 
general, short-term, acute care hospitals under Medicare s Prospective Payment 
System (PPS) in the universe. 
Characterti Of Urban Hospital Closue 
To analyze characteristics of closed hospitals, we used HCFA's HCRIS data. We used 
the latest pre-closure cost reports. For example, if a hospital closed in May 1991 and 
its accounting year was on a January-December cycle, we used the provider s January 
, 1990 to December 31, 1990 report. 
Impact of Hosital Clsue 
We lited our "impact" analysis to the distance from a closed hospital to the nearest 
stil-operating hospitals and to emergency servces. We obtained data for our analysis 
from intervews with the following sources. 
Former hospital administrators, board members, and/or staff of closed hospitals 
Hospital administrators and/or staff at the nearest hospitals 
Local police and health offcials 
Local governent officials 
State health planning agencies
State certification and licensing agencies
State hospital associations APPENDIX B 
URB 
HOSPITAL CLOSURS 
1987 - 1993 
196 Urban Oosures Raed By State  APPENDIX C
198-199 URBAN HOSPITAl ClOSURES BY NAE, LOCATION, AND YE CLOSED 
Year 
a, Name Cit  State  Closed 
Medical Park West  Birmingham  1988 
Piedmont Hosp Piedmont  1991 
North Mobile Communit Hosp Satsuma  1988 
Grays Hosp Batesville  1989 
Pheonix General Hosp Pheonix  1988 
Scottsdale Communit Hosp  Scottsdale  198 
Valley View Communit Hosp Youngtown  199 
Buena Park Communit Hosp  Buena Park 1987 
Rancho Encino Hosp Encino  199 
Fowler Municipal Hosp Fowler  199 
Wheeler Hosp Gilroy  198 
Hayward Hosp  Hayward  1988 
Kingsburg General Hosp Kingsburg  1987 
Medical Center/LMlrada La Mlrada 199 
Domlngquez Medica Center Long Beach  1991 
Metropol an Hosp Los Angeles  1988 
Marina Hils Hosp Los Angeles  199 
Linda Vista Communit Hosp Los Angeles 1991 
Beverly Hils Medical Center  Los Angeles 1993 
Channel islands Communit Hospilal  Oxnard  1989 
Christian Hosp aI Medical Center Perris  1991 
Pico Rivera Communit Hosp  Pico Rivera 199 
Shasta General Hosp Redding  1987 
Ros General Hosp Ross  1988 
Communit Hosp al Sacramento Sacramento  198 
Communit Hosp al of Salinas  Salinas  1990 
AMI Clairmont Communit Hosp 
San Diego 1988 
San Diego Physicians and Surgeons
San Diego 1991 
AMI Communit Hosp al of Santa Cruz Santa Cruz 199 
Suncrest Hosp al of Orange County  Stanton 199 
North Kern Hosp  Wasco 1987 
Yolo General Hosp Woodland 1991 
Doctors Hosp Colorado Springs 1989 
Rocky Mountain- Hosp Denver 1989 
Memorial Hosp Greeley 1987 
AMC Cancer Research Center Lakewood 1989 
Park Cit Hosp  Bridgeport 1993 
Cap ol Hil Hosp  Washington 1991 
North Gables Hosp Coral Gables 199 
Clay Memorial Hosp Green Cove Springs 199 
Humana Hosp aI-South Broward Hollyood
1991 
North Miami Medical Center Miami 1990 
Deering Hosp Miami 199 
Southeasern Medical Center North Miami Beach 1989 
Universit Hospilal Pensacola 1992 
Centro Austurlano Hosp  Tampa 199 
Doctors Hosp al of Tampa  Tampa 1993 
C - 1 198-199 URB  YE 
HOSPITAL CLOSURES BY NAE, LOCA1l0N, AND  CLOSED (Co) 
Year 
Hosp aI Name  Cit  Stale  Closed 
Physicians and Surgeons Hosp Atlanta  199 
Atlanta Hosp Atlanta  199 
St. Joseph' s Hosp
1989 
Provident Medical Center
 Chicago  1987 
Walher Memorial Hosp  Chicago  1987 
Hosp al of Englewood  Chicago  1988 
Frank Cuneo Memorial Hosp Chicago  1988 
St. Anne s Hosp Chicago  198 
Mary Thompson Hosp Chicago  1988 
Lutheran General Hosp Chicago  1989 
Mount Sinai North Hosp Chicago  1989 
Sheridan Road Hosp Chicago  1989 
Central Communit Hosp  Chicago  199 
Lakeside Communit Hosp  Chicago  1991 
Martha Washington Hosp  Chicago  1991 
Gateway Communit Hosp 
East St. Louis  1989 
Memorial Hosp al Corporation of Topeka  Topeka  1989 
Dixon Memorial Hosp  Denham Springs  1987 
Montelepre Hosp  New Orleans  198 
Our Lady of Lourdes Hosp  198 
St. Martinsville 
Amesbury Hosp  Amesbury  199 
Massachusetts Osteopathic Hosp al and Medical Center  Boston  199 
Brookline Hosp  Brookline  1988 
Saneta Maria Hosp  Cambridge  1989 
Hunt Hosp  Danvers  199 
Holden Hosp  Holden  199 
Mary A. Alley Hosp  Marblehead  1987 
St. Luke s Hosp  Middleboro  199 
Parkwood Hosp  New Bedford  1987 
Choate Hosp  Woburn  198 
Worcester Cit Hosp 
Worcester  1991 
Homewood Hosp al Center South  Ballimore  1991 
Parkwood Hosp  Clinton  1989 
Leland Memorial Hosp Riverdale  1993 
Tayior Hosp Bangor  1989 
Springwells Healh Center Dearborn  1987 
Lakeshore Hosp 
Detro  1987 
Metropoll!an Hosp al and Heallh Center Detrol!  1987 
A. Blain Hosp Detro  1987 
Detrol! MemoriaL Hosp Detrol!  1987 
Brent General Hosp  Detro  1988 
Northwest General Hosp  Detro  199 
Southwest Detro  Hospl!al  Detro  1991 
Docors Hosp  Detro  199 
North Detro  General Hosp  Detro  199 
Detro  Osteopathic Hosp 
Highland Park  1992 
Redford Communit Hosp 
Redford  1989 
Millon Communit Hosp  River Rouge  1987 
Westland Medical Center  Westland  199 
Eveleth Hosp  Eveleth  1993 
St. John s Eastslde Hospllal  St. Paul  1987 
Samar an Hosp  St. Paul  1987 
Mounds Park Hosp  St. Paul  1987 
C - 2  198-199 URBA HOSPITAL ClOSURES BY NAE, LOCATION, AND YE ClOSED (Co) 
Year 
Hospital Name  Cit  State  Closed 
Universit Hospital  Kansas Cit  1988 
St. Mary s North Kansas Cit  1988 
Lakeside Hospital Kansas Cit  199 
Deaconess Hospital-North
 Normandy  1993 
Lindell Hospital St. Louis  1988 
Central Medical Center Hospital St. Louis  1993 
Doctors Hospital Jackson  1991 
South Bergen Hospital Hasbrouck Heights  1987 
The Livingston Communit Hospital livingston  1988 
St. Mary s Hospital Orange  1989 
Kennedy Memorial Hospital of Saddle Brook Saddle Brook  199 
Presbyterian Northside Hospital Albuquerque  1993 
Incline Vilage Communit Hospital Incline Vilage  1990 
Arnold Gregory Memorial Hospital  Albion  1989 
Baptist Medical Center Brooklyn  1987 
St. Francis Hospital/Bufalo Bufalo  199 
Adirondack Regional Hospital Corinth  1990 
Parsons Hospital Flushing  1988 
Emma Laing Stevens Hospital Granvile  1989 
Sheridan Park Hospital T onawanda  1987 
Tioga General Hospital Waverly  199 
St. John Hospital Cleveland  1990 
Northeastern Ohio General Hospital Madison  1988 
Wellngton Communit Hospital  Wellngton  1989 
Hominy Cit Hospital  Hominy  1990 
Southwest Medica Center  Moore  1993 
Docors General Hospital Oklahoma Cit  199 
Cit of Faith Hospital  Tulsa  1989 
Cascade Communit Hospital
Central Point  1987 
Eugene Hospital and Clinic Eugene  1988 
Holladay Park Medical Center Portland  199 
Carbondale General Hospital Carbondale  199 
Westmoreland McGinnis Hospital Ligonier  1992 
Universit Medical Center  Philadelphia  1988 
Medical COllege Hospital/Lwndale Division  Philadelphia  199 
Cooper Hospital Philadelphia  1993 
Phllipsburg State General Hospital Phllipsburg  1991 
St. Johns Heaith and Hospital Center Pitsburg  198 
Scranton State General Hospital Scranton  1988 
Notre Dame Hospital Central Falls  1989 
Cranston General Hospital Cranston  1993 
Divine Savior Hospital York  1991 
Sequatchle General Hospital Dunlap  1993 
Northwest General Hospital Knoxvile  1989 
St. Mary s North Hospital Lake Cit  1988 
Humana Hospital-McFarland
 Lebanon  199 
Smyrna Hospital Smyrna  1988 
Seton Holy Cross Hospital Austin  1989 
Gull Coast Hospital Baytown  1992 
Buna Medical Center Hospital Buna  1990 
Corpus Christi Osteopathic Hospital Corpus Christi  1990 
Dallas Medical and Surgical Hospital Dallas  1987 
Gaston Episcopal Hospital Dallas  1988 
C - 3  198-199 URBA HOSPITAL ClOSURE BY NAE, LOCTION, AND YE ClOSED (Co) 
Year 
Hosptlal Name  Cit  State  Closed 
Southwest Dallas Hosptlal  Dallas  1991 
Lake Clif Hosptlal  Dallas  199 
Dallas Memorial Hosptlal  Dallas  1993 
Southeastern Methodist Hospttal  Dallas  1993 
Flow Memorial Hospttal  Denton  1988 
Northpark Hospttal  EI Paso  1987 
Ysleta General Hospttal  EI Paso  1987 
Landmark Medical Center  EI Paso  1988 
Valley Communit Hospttal  EI Paso  1993 
Continental Hospttal North  FI. Worth  1987 
Deaton Hospttal  Galena Park  1987 
Hart Clinic Hospttal  Gladewater  1988 
Medical Center - Gladewater  Gladewater  199 
Whttcomb Memorial Hospttal  Grand Prairie  1988 
Omni Hosptlal and Medical Center  Houston  1988 
Charles R. Drew Medical Center
 Houston  199 
Pioneer Park Hospttal
 Irving  1988 
Oakwood Family Hospttal
 Lubbock  1988 
West Texas Hospttal
 Lubbock  1991 
HCA Mansfeld Hosptlal
 Mansfeld  1988 
Mesqutte Physicians Hosptlal
 Mesqutte  1991 
New Boston General Hospttal
 New Boston  1987 
Tri-Cit Regional Hospttal
 Pasadena  1993 
King Wiliam Heatth Center
 San Antonio  1988 
Lutheran General Hospttal  San Antonio  1991 
Taft Hospttal District  Taft  1988 
Communit Hospttai of Tyler  Tyler  1991 
Jefferson Hospttal
 Alexandria  1992 
Northgate General Hospttal  Seattle  1987 
Shorewood Osteopathic Hospttal  Seattle  1987 
Pacmc Medical Center  Seatle  1987 
Medical Dental Hosptlal  Seattle  1988 
West Seattle Communit Hospttal  Seatle  199 
SI. Cabrini Hosptlal of Seattle  Seattle  199 
Snoqualmie Valley Hospttal  Snoqualmie  199 
SI. Lukes Memorial Hospttal  Spokane  1993 
Communit Hospttal
 Yakima  199 
SI. Anthony s Family Medical Center
 Milwaukee  1988 
First Hospttal of Milwaukee
 Milwaukee  1988 
New Berlin Memorial Hospttal  New Berlin  1988 
Guthrie Memorial Hospttal
 Huntington  1988 
Doctors Hospttal
 South Charleston  199 
Weirton Osteopathic Hospttal
 Weirton  1993 
Note: "lnce Ine time OT our review some or Ine nospitalslistec as Clsures may nave reopenea. 
C - 4