DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE
                National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
                50 CFR Part 679
                [Docket No. 2004130111]
                RIN 0648BJ49
                Fisheries of the Exclusive Economic Zone Off Alaska; Reclassifying Sculpin Species in the Groundfish Fisheries of the Bering Sea and Aleutian Islands and the Gulf of Alaska
                
                    AGENCY:
                    National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), Commerce.
                
                
                    
                    ACTION:
                    Proposed rule; request for comments.
                
                
                    SUMMARY:
                    NMFS proposes regulations to implement Amendment 121 to the Fishery Management Plan (FMP) for Groundfish of the Bering Sea and Aleutian Islands (BSAI) Management Area (BSAI FMP) and Amendment 110 to the FMP for Groundfish of the Gulf of Alaska (GOA) (GOA FMP), collectively referred to as Amendments 121/110. If approved, this proposed rule would prohibit directed fishing for sculpins by federally permitted groundfish fishermen and specify a sculpin retention limit in the GOA and BSAI groundfish fisheries. This action is necessary to properly classify sculpins in the BSAI and GOA FMPs. This proposed rule is intended to promote the goals and objectives of the Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act (Magnuson-Stevens Act), Amendments 121/110, the BSAI and GOA FMPs, and other applicable laws.
                
                
                    DATES:
                    Submit comments on or before May 26, 2020.
                
                
                    ADDRESSES:
                    You may submit comments on this document, identified by FDMS Docket Number NOAANMFS20200004, by any of the following methods:
                    
                         
                        Electronic Submission:
                         Submit all electronic public comments via the Federal e-Rulemaking Portal. Go to 
                        www.regulations.gov/#!docketDetail;D=NOAA-NMFS-2020-0004,
                         click the Comment Now! icon, complete the required fields, and enter or attach your comments.
                    
                    
                         
                        Mail:
                         Submit written comments to Glenn Merrill, Assistant Regional Administrator, Sustainable Fisheries Division, Alaska Region NMFS, Attn: Records Office. Mail comments to P.O. Box 21668, Juneau, AK 998021668.
                    
                    
                        Instructions:
                         Comments sent by any other method, to any other address or individual, or received after the end of the comment period, may not be considered by NMFS. All comments received are a part of the public record and will generally be posted for public viewing on 
                        www.regulations.gov
                         without change. All personal identifying information (
                        e.g.,
                         name, address), confidential business information, or otherwise sensitive information submitted voluntarily by the sender will be publicly accessible. NMFS will accept anonymous comments (enter N/A in the required fields if you wish to remain anonymous).
                    
                    
                        Electronic copies of the draft Environmental Assessment and the Regulatory Impact Review (collectively referred to as the Analysis) prepared for this proposed rule may be obtained from 
                        www.regulations.gov.
                    
                    
                        Electronic copies of the Initial Regulatory Flexibility Analyses for the BSAI and GOA Groundfish Harvest Specifications for 20202021 may be obtained from 
                        www.regulations.gov.
                    
                    
                        Written comments regarding the burden-hour estimates or other aspects of the collection-of-information requirements contained in this rule may be submitted by mail to NMFS at the above address; and by email to 
                        OIRA_Submission@omb.eop.gov
                         or by fax to 2023955806.
                    
                
                
                    FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT:
                    Megan Mackey, 9075867228.
                
            
            
                SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:
                
                Authority for Action
                
                    NMFS manages the groundfish fisheries in the exclusive economic zone (EEZ) of the BSAI and GOA under the BSAI and GOA FMPs (the FMPs), respectively. The North Pacific Fishery Management Council (Council) prepared the FMPs under the authority of the Magnuson-Stevens Act, 16 U.S.C. 1801 
                    et seq.
                     Regulations governing U.S. fisheries and implementing the BSAI and GOA FMPs appear at 50 CFR parts 600 and 679.
                
                
                    This proposed rule would implement Amendments 121/110 to the BSAI and GOA FMPs, respectively. The Council submitted Amendments 121/110 for review by the Secretary of Commerce (Secretary), and a Notice of Availability (NOA) of Amendments 121/110 was published in the 
                    Federal Register
                     on March 23, 2020, with comments invited through May 22, 2020. Comments submitted on this proposed rule by the end of the comment period (See 
                    DATES
                    ) will be considered by NMFS and addressed in the response to comments in the final rule. Comments submitted on this proposed rule may also address Amendments 121/110. However, all comments addressing Amendments 121/110 must be received by May 22, 2020 to be considered in the approval/disapproval decision on Amendments 121/110. Commenters do not need to submit the same comments on both the NOA and this proposed rule. All relevant written comments received by May 22, 2020, whether specifically directed to the FMP amendments, this proposed rule, or both, will be considered by NMFS in the approval/disapproval decision for Amendments 121/110 and addressed in the response to comments in the final rule.
                
                Background
                In October 2019, the Council voted to recommend Amendments 121/110 to reclassify sculpins as non-target ecosystem component (EC) species, not in need of conservation and management. Sculpins are currently classified as target species in the FMPs, though as discussed below, sculpins are currently only caught incidental to other target fisheries. To implement amendments 121/110, NMFS proposes regulations to prohibit directed fishing for sculpins by federally permitted groundfish fishermen and to specify a sculpin retention limit in the GOA and BSAI groundfish fisheries. The following sections of this preamble provide (1) groundfish stock classification in the FMPs and a brief history of this proposed action; (2) the National Standards (NS) guidance for determining which species require conservation and management; (3) a description of Amendments 121/110; and (4) the regulatory changes made by this proposed rule.
                Stock Classification in FMPs and a Brief History of This Proposed Action
                Among other requirements, FMPs must comply with the Magnuson-Stevens Act NS (16 U.S.C. 1851). NMFS has implemented regulations to provide guidance on the interpretation and application of these NS. Relevant to this proposed rule, the NS guidelines at 50 CFR 600.305(d)(11), (12) and (13) define three classifications for stocks in an FMP: (1) Target stocks in need of conservation and management that fishers seek to catch; (2) non-target stocks in need of conservation and management that are caught incidentally during the pursuit of target stocks; and (3) EC species that do not require conservation and management, but may be listed in an FMP in order to achieve ecosystem management objectives.
                
                    Under the groundfish FMPs, and harvest limit regulations at  679.20, NMFS must establish an overfishing level (OFL), an acceptable biological catch (ABC) and a total allowable catch (TAC) for each stock or stock complex (
                    i.e.,
                     species or species group) that is assigned a target or a non-target species category classification. Overfishing occurs when the amount of catch of a stock or stock complex jeopardizes the capacity of the stock or stock complex to produce the maximum sustainable yield on a continuing basis. NMFS manages fisheries in an effort to ensure that no OFLs are exceeded in any year. Regulations at  679.20(d)(1) through (3) define the process NMFS uses to limit or prohibit fishing to prevent overfishing and maintain total catch at or below the OFL. The FMPs define the ABC as the level of a species or species 
                    
                    group's annual catch that accounts for the scientific uncertainty in the estimate of OFL and any other scientific uncertainty. Regulations at  679.20(d)(1) and (2) describe the range of management measures that NMFS uses to maintain total catch at or below the ABC. The FMPs define the TAC as the annual catch target for a species or species group, derived from the ABC by considering social and economic factors and management uncertainty. The TAC must be set lower than or equal to the ABC. Regulations at  679.20(d)(1) and (2) describe the range of management measures that NMFS uses to maintain total catch at or below the TAC.
                
                NMFS establishes the OFL, ABC, and TAC for each species or species group through the annual harvest specification process. For the most recent example of the annual harvest specifications, please see the proposed 2020/2021 annual harvest specifications (84 FR 66129, December 3, 2019 and 84 FR 66109, December 3, 2019).
                
                    In 2010, Amendments 96/87 to the BSAI and GOA FMPs, respectively, established the EC category and designated prohibited species (salmon, steelhead trout, crab, halibut, and herring) and forage fish species (as defined in Table 2c to 50 CFR part 679 and  679.20(i)) as EC species in the groundfish FMPs (75 FR 61639, October 6, 2010). Under Federal regulation at 50 CFR 600.310(d)(1), EC species are identified as non-target species for which catch specifications (
                    i.e.,
                     an OFL, ABC, or TAC) are not required. For these EC species, NMFS maintained regulations that (1) prohibited directed fishing for forage fish, and (2) established a limit, known as the maximum retainable amount (MRA), on the amount of incidental harvest of forage fish while directed fishing for other groundfish species. Regulations at 50 CFR 679.2 define the term directed fishing. Regulations at  679.20(e) describe the application and calculation of MRAs.
                
                
                    In 2015, NMFS implemented Amendments 100/91 to the BSAI and GOA FMPs, respectively, to add grenadiers (family 
                    Macrouridae
                    ) to the EC category (80 FR 11897, March 5, 2015). The Council and NMFS added grenadiers to the FMPs in the EC category because grenadiers did not require conservation and management, but the Council acknowledged their role in the ecosystem and limited the groundfish fisheries' potential impact on grenadiers. Adding grenadiers to the EC category allowed for improved data collection and catch monitoring appropriate for grenadiers given their abundance, distribution, and catch. Additional detail is provided in the final rule implementing Amendments 100/91 (80 FR 11897, March 5, 2015).
                
                In 2018, NMFS implemented Amendments 117/106 to the BSAI and GOA FMPs, respectively, to add squid species to the EC category (83 FR 31460, July 6, 2018). The Council and NMFS moved squid from the target category in the FMPs to the EC category after making a determination that squid did not require conservation and management, but, similar to grenadiers, still acknowledged their role in the ecosystem and established an MRA to limit groundfish fisheries' potential impact on squid. Recordkeeping and reporting requirements were retained to monitor bycatch of squid. Additional detail is provided in the final rule implementing Amendments 117/106 (83 FR 31460, July 6, 2018).
                Sculpins are currently classified as target species in the groundfish FMPs and directed fishing for sculpins is allowed. However, sculpins are not a target species for any groundfish fishery in the BSAI or GOA. Sculpins are only caught incidentally to other target groundfish species. Sculpins are incidentally caught primarily in the BSAI by vessels using trawl gear directed fishing for yellowfin sole, rock sole, and Atka mackerel, as well as by vessels directed fishing for Pacific cod with hook-and-line, pot, and trawl gear (Table 34 and Table 35 of the Analysis). Sculpins are caught primarily in the GOA by vessels in the Pacific cod and shallow-water flatfish directed fisheries, and IFQ halibut fisheries (Table 36 of the Analysis).
                For both the BSAI and GOA, sculpins are managed as a Tier 5 species, which is the least preferred method of specifying an overfishing limit when limited biological reference points are available. Only Tier 6 species, for which no biological reference points are available, are below Tier 5 in terms of limited information available. Nonetheless, specification of OFL for Tier 5 species reflects the best estimate possible for sculpins with the available data. As described in Section 3.2.3 of the Analysis, model estimates of sculpin abundance in the BSAI and GOA have been fairly stable over the years with no conservation concerns apparent.
                
                    Stock assessments provide the scientific basis for determining whether a stock is experiencing overfishing (
                    i.e.,
                     when a stock's recent harvest rate exceeds sustainable levels) or overfished (
                    i.e.,
                     already depleted), and for calculating a sustainable harvest rate and forecasting catches that correspond to that rate. For stocks in Tiers 46, no determination can be made of overfished status or approaching an overfished condition as information is insufficient to estimate the Maximum Sustainable Yield (MSY) stock level. Therefore, it is not possible to determine whether the sculpin complex is overfished or whether it is approaching an overfished condition because it is managed under Tier 5. However, in the absence of directed fishing, they are very unlikely to be overfished. Sculpins, in general, are not retained. As noted in Section 3.2.2 of the Analysis, sculpin catch has been substantially below ABC and OFL, and has been a small proportion of the biomass each year.
                
                Determining Which Species Require Conservation and Management
                Section 302(h)(1) of the Magnuson-Stevens Act requires a council to prepare an FMP for each fishery under its authority that is in need of conservation and management. Conservation and management is defined in section 3(5) of the Magnuson-Stevens Act. The NS guidelines at  600.305(c) (revised on October 18, 2016, 81 FR 718585) provide direction for determining which stocks will require conservation and management and provide direction to regional councils and NMFS for how to consider these factors in making this determination. Specifically, the guidelines direct regional councils and NMFS to consider a non-exhaustive list of ten factors when deciding whether stocks require conservation and management.
                
                    Section 2.2.1 in the Analysis considers each of the 10 factors' relevance to sculpins. The analysis shows that while sculpins are currently classified as a target species in the FMPs, there has been no directed fishing for sculpins since they were included in the FMPs. Sculpins are not important to commercial, recreational, or subsistence users, nor are they important to the National or regional economy. There are no developing fisheries for sculpins in the EEZ off Alaska nor in waters of the State of Alaska. Because there is no directed fishing and incidental fishing-related mortality is low, there is very little probability that sculpins will become overfished. Sculpins are very unlikely to be in need of rebuilding, and are not targeted as a major food product in Alaska. There are no conservation concerns for sculpins since they are not targeted, are rarely retained, and future uses of sculpins remain available. Maintaining sculpins as a target species in the BSAI and GOA FMPs is not likely to change stock condition.
                    
                
                Amendments 121/110
                In October of 2019, the Council recommended, and NMFS now proposes, Amendments 121/110 to reclassify sculpins as EC category species in the FMPs. Based on a review of the best available scientific information, and after considering NS guidelines, the Council and NMFS determined that sculpins are not in need of conservation and management, and that classifying sculpins in the EC category is an appropriate action. While the Council determined that sculpins are not in need of conservation and management as defined by the Magnuson-Stevens Act, and after considering the revised NS guidelines, the Council and NMFS determined that there are benefits to retaining sculpins as an EC species complex in the FMPs because they are a component of the ecosystem as benthic predators.
                
                    Amendments 121/110 would establish the sculpins EC species complex in the groundfish FMPs to clarify that they are non-target species and not in need of conservation and management. Recordkeeping and reporting requirements would be maintained to monitor the effects of incidental catch of sculpins in the groundfish fisheries. Amendments 121/110 would allow NMFS to prohibit directed fisheries for sculpins and limit the retention and commercial sale of sculpins. Commercial sale of retained sculpins would be allowed, subject to MRAs, only if the retained catch is processed into fishmeal, in accordance with current Federal regulations at  679.20(i)(5). The limitation on processing and sale of EC species as anything other than fishmeal is status quo for all species moved to the EC; however, the Council is considering changing this limitation for squid and may also consider it for sculpin species to allow them to be processed and sold in other product forms, and that would be addressed with a subsequent action. By virtue of being classified as EC species, catch specifications for sculpins (
                    i.e.,
                     OFLs, ABCs, and TACs) would no longer be required.
                
                Though the Council determined, and NMFS concurs, that sculpins are not in need of conservation and management, sculpin population status and bycatch should be monitored to continually assess vulnerability of sculpins to the groundfish fisheries. Therefore, the proposed rule retains recordkeeping and reporting requirements for sculpin bycatch. The proposed rule would prohibit directed fishing for sculpins to meet the intent of Amendments 121/110 that sculpins are not a target species complex. Because the definition of directed fishing at  679.2 is based on a MRA, the proposed rule would specify a retention limit for sculpins so that NMFS could implement the prohibition on directed fishing to meet the intent of Amendments 121/110.
                Proposed Rule
                In addition to classifying sculpins as an EC species in the FMPs under Amendments 121/110, the Council recommended and NMFS proposes regulations to limit and monitor the incidental catch of sculpins. This proposed rule would
                 prohibit directed fishing for sculpins in the BSAI and GOA groundfish fisheries;
                 maintain recordkeeping and reporting of sculpins in the BSAI and GOA groundfish fisheries, but modify the regulations for clarity; and
                 specify a sculpins retention limit, or MRA, of 20 percent in the BSAI and GOA Federal groundfish fisheries.
                To prohibit directed fishing, this proposed rule would revise  679.20(i) and 679.22(i) to prohibit directed fishing for sculpins at all times in the BSAI and GOA groundfish fisheries. This prohibition is consistent with the regulations and management approach for other EC species. NMFS prohibits directed fishing for forage fish, grenadiers, and squids.
                To clarify definitions, this proposed rule would add a definition for sculpins at  679.2. Recordkeeping and reporting requirements at  679.5 would not be modified by this proposed rule and would continue to require a vessel operator or manager in a BSAI or GOA groundfish fishery to record and report retained and discarded sculpins in logbooks, landing reports, and production reports. However, this proposed rule would clarify the recordkeeping and reporting requirements by adding an instruction to  679.5 to use the sculpin species code in Table 2c to 50 CFR part 679 (Table 2c) to record and report sculpin catch. Table 2c lists the species reporting codes for non-target EC groundfish FMP species. NMFS would modify Table 2c to add one sculpin species code and remove the existing sculpin species code from Table 2a to 50 CFR part 679 (species reporting codes for target groundfish FMP species) because sculpins would be removed as a target species in the groundfish FMPs. These revisions would maintain NMFS' ability to monitor the catch, retention, and discard of sculpins.
                Section 679.20 provides the general limitations for the BSAI and GOA groundfish fisheries. Because a TAC would no longer be specified for sculpins, this proposed rule would remove sculpins from  679.20(b)(2), which specifies the amount of the TAC that is reserved for inseason management flexibility.
                The MRA is the proportion or percentage of retained catch of a species closed for directed fishing (incidental catch species) to the retained catch of a species open for directed fishing (basis species). This proposed rule would move sculpins out of the basis species category and into the incidental catch species category consistent with the prohibition on directed fishing for sculpins under this proposed rule. In the GOA, sculpins are included in the other species category (along with octopuses and sharks) for MRA purposes under the existing regulations. To specify a separate MRA for sculpins in the GOA, this proposed rule would remove sculpins from footnote 6, other species in Table 10 to 50 CFR part 679 and add sculpins as an incidental catch species with an MRA of 20 percent. This proposed rule would similarly revise Table 11 to 50 CFR part 679 to remove sculpins as a basis species in the BSAI and add sculpins to footnote 7 to indicate that forage fish, grenadiers, squids, and sculpins are all defined in Table 2c.
                
                    In developing this proposed rule, the Council and NMFS considered a range of sculpins MRA percentages: 2 percent, 10 percent, and 20 percent. Sculpins, in general, are not retained, and fishery observer data indicate that the retention rate has been below 10 percent in the BSAI and below 20 percent in the GOA. The Analysis (Table 37) shows that since 2013, the retention rate has been below 5 percent in both the BSAI and GOA. Table 38 in the Analysis shows the low percentage of retained sculpins compared to the total retained groundfish. In the BSAI, the proportion of retained sculpins relative to retained groundfish ranges from a low of 0.00 percent to a high of 0.02 percent. In the GOA, the percent of retained sculpins relative to groundfish ranges from a low of 0.00 percent to a high of 0.04 percent. As noted in Section 3.2.2 of the Analysis, sculpin catch has been substantially below ABC and OFL, and has been a small proportion of the biomass each year. Section 2.3.1 of the Analysis discusses the rationale for selecting an MRA of 20 percent. A MRA of 20 percent relative to all basis species discourages targeting of sculpins and minimizes regulatory discards. Because there are no conservation concerns for sculpins and retention of sculpins has been low, a lower MRA would not further discourage targeting, but may 
                    
                    result in increased regulatory discards of sculpins. Therefore, the Council recommended and NMFS proposes specifying a MRA for sculpins of 20 percent in both the BSAI and GOA groundfish fisheries.
                
                Classification
                Pursuant to sections 304(b)(1)(A) and 305(d) of the Magnuson-Stevens Act, the NMFS Assistant Administrator has determined that this proposed rule is consistent with Amendments 121/110, other provisions of the Magnuson-Stevens Act, and other applicable laws, subject to further consideration after public comment period.
                This proposed rule has been determined to be not significant for the purposes of Executive Order 12866.
                This proposed rule is not an Executive Order 13771 regulatory action because this rule is not significant under Executive Order 12866.
                Regulatory Impact Review (RIR)
                
                    An RIR was prepared to assess all costs and benefits of available regulatory alternatives. A copy of this analysis is available from NMFS (see 
                    ADDRESSES
                    ). NMFS is recommending Amendments 121/110 and the regulatory revisions in this proposed rule based on those measures that maximized net benefits to the Nation. Specific aspects of the economic analysis are discussed below in the Initial Regulatory Flexibility Analysis section.
                
                Initial Regulatory Flexibility Analysis (IRFA)
                This IRFA was prepared for this proposed rule, as required by section 603 of the Regulatory Flexibility Act (RFA) (5 U.S.C. 603), to describe the economic impact this proposed rule, if adopted, would have on small entities. An IRFA describes why this action is being proposed; the objectives and legal basis for the proposed rule; the number of small entities to which the proposed rule would apply; any projected reporting, recordkeeping, or other compliance requirements of the proposed rule; any overlapping, duplicative, or conflicting Federal rules; and any significant alternatives to the proposed rule that would accomplish the stated objectives, consistent with applicable statutes, and that would minimize any significant adverse economic impacts of the proposed rule on small entities. Descriptions of this proposed rule, its purpose, and the legal basis are contained earlier in this preamble and are not repeated here.
                Number and Description of Small Entities Regulated by This Proposed Rule
                
                    This proposed rule would directly regulate any vessel operator harvesting sculpins in the federally managed groundfish fisheries in the BSAI and GOA. The thresholds applied to determine if an entity or group of entities are small under the RFA depend on the industry classification for the entity or entities. Businesses classified as primarily engaged in commercial fishing are considered small entities if they have combined annual gross receipts not in excess of $11.0 million for all affiliated operations worldwide (50 CFR 200.2). The most recent estimates of the number of fishing vessels participating in the BSAI and GOA groundfish fisheries that are small entities are provided in Table 2 in the IRFAs for the BSAI and GOA Harvest Specifications for 20202021 (see 
                    ADDRESSES
                    ). In 2018, there were 182 catcher vessels and 3 catcher/processors in the BSAI, and 756 catcher vessels and 3 catcher/processors in the GOA. These estimates likely overstate the number of small entities in the groundfish fisheries off Alaska because some of these vessels are affiliated through common ownership or membership in a cooperative and the affiliated vessels together would exceed the $11.0 million annual gross receipts threshold for small entities.
                
                For operators of vessels currently participating in these fisheries, the economic impacts of this proposed rule are primarily beneficial or neutral. Removing sculpins from the BSAI target species category would remove the sculpins TAC from inclusion in the 2 million metric ton optimum yield (OY) cap in the BSAI. The amount of the OY cap that has been reserved for sculpins would be available to increase the TAC limit or limits for other BSAI target species. This effect would benefit participants in the BSAI fisheries that experience TAC increases relative to what the TACs would have been without this proposed rule. Some of the entities that experience benefits from increased TACs in the future may be small entities. The effects on target species TACs would be neutral for the GOA fisheries, as the OY has not constrained TACs in the GOA to date. Therefore, removing the sculpins TAC in the GOA will not allow for an increase in the TAC for another target species.
                The only potential adverse economic impact that has been identified for this proposed rule is that vessel owners or operators who may wish to conduct directed fishing for sculpins in the future, and who would wish to retain more sculpins than they would be allowed to retain under the 20 percent MRA, would not be able to do so. This potential adverse impact would not affect any current participants relative to opportunities available to them because there has been no directed fishing for sculpins. Therefore, no current participants would lose an economic opportunity that is available to them today or has been available to them.
                Recordkeeping, Reporting, and Other Compliance Requirements
                Under this proposed rule, requirements for recording and reporting the catch and discard of sculpins in logbooks or on catch or production reports will be maintained as they are in existing regulations. The proposed rule would make only minor modifications to clarify the recordkeeping and reporting requirements in  679.5, Table 2a to 50 CFR part 679, and Table 2c to 50 CFR part 679. Therefore, moving sculpins from the target species category to the EC category will not change recordkeeping and reporting costs for fishery participants or impose any additional or new costs on participants.
                Duplicate, Overlapping, or Conflicting Federal Rules
                No duplication, overlap, or conflict between this proposed rule and existing Federal rules has been identified.
                Description of Significant Alternatives That Minimize Adverse Impacts on Small Entities
                The Council and NMFS considered two alternatives. Among the two alternatives, Alternative 2 Option 3 (the preferred alternative) provides the most economic benefits to current participants in the BSAI and GOA groundfish fisheries. The primary economic benefit of this proposed rule is to reduce the potential constraints imposed by the OFLs, ABCs, and TACs for sculpins on BSAI and GOA groundfish fisheries. Among the three options considered for the sculpins MRA (2 percent, 10 percent, and 20 percent), the 20 percent MRA that was selected minimizes the economic impact on any fishing vessel that is a small entity because it provides the greatest opportunity to retain sculpins as incidental catch in other groundfish fisheries.
                
                    Alternative 1 is the no action alternative and would continue to classify sculpins as target species in the groundfish FMPs. OFLs, ABCs, and 
                    
                    TACs would continue to be set for sculpins as a species group in both the BSAI and GOA. Relative to Alternative 2, Alternative 1 could be considered less beneficial to small entities because all catch specifications would need to be maintained, and current constraints on the BSAI and GOA groundfish fisheries would continue. However, Alternative 2 (the preferred alternative) also could be considered more restrictive to small entities than Alternative 1 if the prohibition on directed fishing for sculpins under the proposed rule limits future participants' ability to conduct directed fishing for sculpins more so than would occur under the status quo. Alternative 1 allows NMFS to determine annually whether to open a directed fishery for sculpins.
                
                Alternative 2 would classify sculpins in the BSAI and GOA in the EC category and implement a regulation prohibiting directed fishing for sculpins that could only be revised through subsequent rulemaking. However, the Council recommended and NMFS proposes that the benefits of the proposed rule to current fishery participants, including small entities, outweigh the potential future adverse impacts of the prohibition against directed fishing for sculpins. In addition, this provision can be re-evaluated by the Council and NMFS in the future if fishery participants want to develop directed fisheries for sculpins.
                Collection-of-Information Requirements
                This proposed rule contains a collection-of-information requirement subject to review and approval by the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) under the Paperwork Reduction Act (PRA). This requirement has been submitted to OMB for approval under OMB Control Numbers 06480213 and 06480515. This proposed rule would make minor revisions to the information collection requirements to clarify the location of the species code for sculpins in the tables to 50 CFR part 679 to note that sculpins should be reported as non-target EC species rather than target species. The requirements for recording and reporting the catch and discard of sculpins in logbooks or on catch or production reports will not change. These minor revisions do not change the public reporting burden or costs.
                
                    Public comment is sought regarding whether this proposed collection of information is necessary for the proper performance of the functions of the agency, including whether the information shall have practical utility; the accuracy of the burden estimate, ways to enhance the quality, utility, and clarity of the information to be collected; and ways to minimize the burden of the collection of information, including through the use of automated collection techniques or other forms of information technology. Send comments on these or any other aspects of the collection of information to NMFS Alaska Region (see 
                    ADDRESSES
                    ), by email to 
                    OIRA_Submission@omb.eop.gov,
                     or by fax to (202) 3955806.
                
                
                    Notwithstanding any other provision of law, no person is required to respond to, and no person shall be subject to penalty for failure to comply with, a collection of information subject to the requirements of the PRA, unless that collection of information displays a currently valid OMB control number. All currently approved NOAA collections of information may be viewed at 
                    http://www.reginfo.gov/public/do/PRASearch#.
                
                
                    List of Subjects in 50 CFR Part 679
                    Alaska, Fisheries, Reporting and recordkeeping requirements.
                
                
                    Dated: April 14, 2020.
                    Samuel D. Rauch, III,
                    Deputy Assistant Administrator for Regulatory Programs National Marine Fisheries Service.
                
                For reasons set out in the preamble, 50 CFR part 679 is proposed to be amended as follows:
                
                    PART 679FISHERIES OF THE EXCLUSIVE ECONOMIC ZONE OFF ALASKA
                
                1. The authority citation for part 679 continues to read as follows:
                
                    Authority:
                    
                        16 U.S.C. 773 
                        et seq.;
                         1801 
                        et seq.;
                         3631 
                        et seq.;
                         Pub. L. 108447; Pub. L. 111281.
                    
                
                2. In  679.2, add a definition for Sculpins in alphabetical order to read as follows:
                
                     679.2
                     Definitions.
                    
                    
                        Sculpins
                         (see Table 2c to this part and  679.20(i)).
                    
                    
                
                3. In  679.5, revise paragraph (a)(3) introductory text, and paragraphs (c)(3)(vi)(F), and (c)(4)(vi)(E) to read as follows:
                
                     679.5
                     Recordkeeping and reporting (R&R).
                    (a) * * *
                    
                        (3) 
                        Fish to be recorded and reported.
                         The operator or manager must record and report the following information (see paragraphs (a)(3)(i) through (iv) of this section) for all groundfish (see Table 2a to this part), prohibited species (see Table 2b to this part), forage fish (see Table 2c to this part), grenadiers (see Table 2c to this part), squids (see Table 2c to this part), and sculpins (see Table 2c to this part). The operator or manager may record and report the following information (see paragraphs (a)(3)(i) through (iv) of this section) for non-groundfish (see Table 2d to this part):
                    
                    
                    (c) * * *
                    (3) * * *
                    (vi) * * *
                    
                        (F) 
                        Species codes.
                         The operator must record and report required information for all groundfish (see Table 2a to this part), prohibited species (see Table 2b to this part), forage fish (see Table 2c to this part), grenadiers (see Table 2c to this part), squids (see Table 2c to this part), and sculpins (see Table 2c to this part). The operator may record and report information for non-groundfish (see Table 2d to this part).
                    
                    
                    (4) * * *
                    (vi) * * *
                    
                        (E) 
                        Species codes.
                         The operator must record and report required information for all groundfish (see Table 2a to this part), prohibited species (see Table 2b to this part), forage fish (see Table 2c to this part), grenadiers (see Table 2c to this part), squids (see Table 2c to this part), and sculpins (see Table 2c to this part). The operator may record and report information for non-groundfish (see Table 2d to this part).
                    
                    
                
                4. In  679.20, revise paragraph (b)(2) introductory text, paragraph (i) heading, and paragraphs (i)(3) through (5) to read as follows:
                
                     679.20
                     General limitations.
                    
                    (b) * * *
                    
                        (2) 
                        GOA.
                         Initial reserves are established for pollock, Pacific cod, flatfish, octopuses, and sharks, which are equal to 20 percent of the TACs for these species or species groups.
                    
                    
                    
                        (i) 
                        Forage fish, grenadiers, squids, and sculpins.
                    
                    
                    
                        (3) 
                        Closure to directed fishing.
                         Directed fishing for forage fish, grenadiers, squids, and sculpins is prohibited at all times in the BSAI and GOA.
                    
                    
                        (4) 
                        Limits on sale, barter, trade, and processing.
                         The sale, barter, trade, or processing of forage fish, grenadiers, squids, and sculpins is prohibited, except as provided in paragraph (i)(5) of this section.
                        
                    
                    
                        (5) 
                        Allowable fishmeal production.
                         Retained catch of forage fish, grenadiers, squids, or sculpins not exceeding the maximum retainable amount may be processed into fishmeal for sale, barter, or trade.
                    
                    
                
                5. In  679.22, revise paragraph (i) to read as follows:
                
                     679.22
                     Closures.
                    
                    
                        (i) 
                        Forage fish, grenadiers, squids, and sculpins closures.
                         See  679.20(i)(3).
                    
                
                6. Revise Table 2a to part 679 to read as follows:
                
                    
                        Table 2
                        a
                         to Part 679Species Codes: FMP Groundfish
                    
                    
                        Species description
                        Code
                    
                    
                        Atka mackerel (greenling)
                        193
                    
                    
                        Flatfish, miscellaneous (flatfish species without separate codes)
                        120
                    
                    
                        FLOUNDER:
                    
                    
                        Alaska plaice
                        133
                    
                    
                        Arrowtooth
                        121
                    
                    
                        Bering
                        116
                    
                    
                        Kamchatka
                        117
                    
                    
                        Starry
                        129
                    
                    
                        Octopuses
                        870
                    
                    
                        Pacific cod
                        110
                    
                    
                        Pollock
                        270
                    
                    
                        ROCKFISH:
                    
                    
                        
                            Aurora (
                            Sebastes aurora
                            )
                        
                        185
                    
                    
                        
                            Black (BSAI) (
                            S. melanops
                            )
                        
                        142
                    
                    
                        
                            Blackgill (
                            S. melanostomus
                            )
                        
                        177
                    
                    
                        
                            Blue (BSAI) (
                            S. mystinus
                            )
                        
                        167
                    
                    
                        
                            Bocaccio (
                            S. paucispinis
                            )
                        
                        137
                    
                    
                        
                            Canary (
                            S. pinniger
                            )
                        
                        146
                    
                    
                        
                            Chilipepper (
                            S. goodei
                            )
                        
                        178
                    
                    
                        
                            China (
                            S. nebulosus
                            )
                        
                        149
                    
                    
                        
                            Copper (
                            S. caurinus
                            )
                        
                        138
                    
                    
                        
                            Darkblotched (
                            S. crameri
                            )
                        
                        159
                    
                    
                        
                            Dusky (
                            S. variabilis
                            )
                        
                        172
                    
                    
                        
                            Greenstriped (
                            S. elongatus
                            )
                        
                        135
                    
                    
                        
                            Harlequin (
                            S. variegatus
                            )
                        
                        176
                    
                    
                        
                            Northern (
                            S. polyspinis
                            )
                        
                        136
                    
                    
                        
                            Pacific Ocean Perch (
                            S. alutus
                            )
                        
                        141
                    
                    
                        
                            Pygmy (
                            S. wilsoni
                            )
                        
                        179
                    
                    
                        
                            Quillback (
                            S. maliger
                            )
                        
                        147
                    
                    
                        
                            Redbanded (
                            S. babcocki
                            )
                        
                        153
                    
                    
                        
                            Redstripe (
                            S. proriger
                            )
                        
                        158
                    
                    
                        
                            Rosethorn (
                            S. helvomaculatus
                            )
                        
                        150
                    
                    
                        
                            Rougheye (
                            S. aleutianus
                            )
                        
                        151
                    
                    
                        
                            Sharpchin (
                            S. zacentrus
                            )
                        
                        166
                    
                    
                        
                            Shortbelly (
                            S. jordani
                            )
                        
                        181
                    
                    
                        
                            Shortraker (
                            S. borealis
                            )
                        
                        152
                    
                    
                        
                            Silvergray (
                            S. brevispinis
                            )
                        
                        157
                    
                    
                        
                            Splitnose (
                            S. diploproa
                            )
                        
                        182
                    
                    
                        
                            Stripetail (
                            S. saxicola
                            )
                        
                        183
                    
                    
                        
                            Thornyhead (all 
                            Sebastolobus
                             species)
                        
                        143
                    
                    
                        
                            Tiger (
                            S. nigrocinctus
                            )
                        
                        148
                    
                    
                        
                            Vermilion (
                            S. miniatus
                            )
                        
                        184
                    
                    
                        
                            Widow (
                            S. entomelas
                            )
                        
                        156
                    
                    
                        
                            Yelloweye (
                            S. ruberrimus
                            )
                        
                        145
                    
                    
                        
                            Yellowmouth (
                            S. reedi
                            )
                        
                        175
                    
                    
                        
                            Yellowtail (
                            S. flavidus
                            )
                        
                        155
                    
                    
                        Sablefish (blackcod)
                        710
                    
                    
                        SHARKS:
                    
                    
                        Other (if salmon, spiny dogfish or Pacific sleeper sharkuse specific species code)
                        689
                    
                    
                        Pacific sleeper
                        692
                    
                    
                        Salmon
                        690
                    
                    
                        Spiny dogfish
                        691
                    
                    
                        SKATES:
                    
                    
                        
                            Alaska (
                            Bathyraja parmifera
                            )
                        
                        703
                    
                    
                        
                            Aleutian (
                            B. aleutica
                            )
                        
                        704
                    
                    
                        
                            Whiteblotched (
                            B. maculate
                            )
                        
                        705
                    
                    
                        
                            Big (
                            Raja binoculata
                            )
                        
                        702
                    
                    
                        
                            Longnose (
                            R. rhina
                            )
                        
                        701
                    
                    
                        Other (if Alaska, Aleutian, whiteblotched, big, or longnose skateuse specific species code)
                        700
                    
                    
                        SOLE:
                    
                    
                        Butter
                        126
                    
                    
                        Dover
                        124
                    
                    
                        English
                        128
                    
                    
                        Flathead
                        122
                    
                    
                        
                        Petrale
                        131
                    
                    
                        Rex
                        125
                    
                    
                        Rock
                        123
                    
                    
                        Sand
                        132
                    
                    
                        Yellowfin
                        127
                    
                    
                        Turbot, Greenland
                        134
                    
                
                7. Revise Table 2c to part 679 to read as follows:
                
                    
                        Table 2
                        c
                         to Part 679Species Codes: FMP Forage Fish Species (All Species of the Following Families), Grenadier Species, Squids, and Sculpins
                    
                    
                        Species identification
                        Code
                    
                    
                        FORAGE FISH:
                    
                    
                        
                            Bristlemouths, lightfishes, and anglemouths (family 
                            Gonostomatidae
                            )
                        
                        209
                    
                    
                        
                            Capelin smelt (family 
                            Osmeridae
                            )
                        
                        516
                    
                    
                        
                            Deep-sea smelts (family 
                            Bathylagidae
                            )
                        
                        773
                    
                    
                        
                            Eulachon smelt (family 
                            Osmeridae
                            )
                        
                        511
                    
                    
                        
                            Gunnels (family 
                            Pholidae
                            )
                        
                        207
                    
                    
                        
                            Krill (order 
                            Euphausiacea
                            )
                        
                        800
                    
                    
                        
                            Lanternfishes (family 
                            Myctophidae
                            )
                        
                        772
                    
                    
                        
                            Pacific Sand fish (family 
                            Trichodontidae
                            )
                        
                        206
                    
                    
                        
                            Pacific Sand lance (family 
                            Ammodytidae
                            )
                        
                        774
                    
                    
                        
                            Pricklebacks, war-bonnets, eelblennys, cockscombs and Shannys (family 
                            Stichaeidae
                            )
                        
                        208
                    
                    
                        
                            Surf smelt (family 
                            Osmeridae
                            )
                        
                        515
                    
                    
                        GRENADIERS:
                    
                    
                        
                            Giant Grenadiers (
                            Albatrossia pectoralis
                            )
                        
                        214
                    
                    
                        Other Grenadiers
                        213
                    
                    
                        SQUID:
                    
                    
                        Squids
                        875
                    
                    
                        SCULPINS:
                    
                    
                        Sculpins
                        160
                    
                
                BILLING CODE 351022P
                8. Revise Table 10 to part 679 to read as follows:
                
                    
                    EP23AP20.011
                
                
                    
                    EP23AP20.012
                
                
                    
                    EP23AP20.013
                
                
                9. Revise Table 11 to part 679 to read as follows:
                
                    EP23AP20.014
                
                
                    
                    EP23AP20.015
                
            
            [FR Doc. 202008145 Filed 42220; 8:45 am]
             BILLING CODE 351022C